hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012–13 Cleveland State Vikings men's basketball team
The 2012–13 Cleveland State Vikings men's basketball team represented Cleveland State University in the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Gary Waters. The Vikings played their home games at the Wolstein Center and were members of the Horizon League. It was the 82nd season of Cleveland State basketball. They finished the season 14–18, 5–11 in Horizon League play to finish in eighth place. They lost in the first round of the Horizon League tournament to UIC.

2013 Horizon League men's basketball tournament
The 2013 Horizon League men's basketball tournament began on March 5, 2013, and ended with the championship game on Tuesday, March 12.

First round games were played on the home court of the higher-seeded team. The second round and semifinals were hosted by the No. 1 seed Valparaiso, while the highest remaining seed hosted the championship game.  All Horizon League schools participated in the tournament.  Teams were seeded by their regular season record, with a tiebreaker system to seed teams with identical conference records. The top two teams received a bye to the semifinals. With the departure of Butler to the Atlantic 10, there were only three first-round games.
Derek McGrath (hurler)
Derek McGrath (born 30 May 1976) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Waterford senior team. He is a former manager of the Waterford senior team.

Born in Waterford, McGrath first played competitive hurling during his schooldays. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Waterford minor team, before later lining out with the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel for the 1996 championship, and was a seldom used player until he left inter-county hurling after the 1998 championship.

At club level McGrath is a Munster medallist with De La Salle. He also won one championship medal.

In retirement from playing, McGrath became involved in team management and coaching. After guiding De La Salle College to Harty Cup and Croke Cup successes, he managed the De La Salle club to championship success before taking over as Waterford manager.

1996 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1996 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 110th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The draw for the various provincial championships took place on 22 October 1995. The championship ran from 5 May to 1 September 1996.

Clare were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Limerick in the Munster semi-finals.

The All-Ireland final was played on 1 September 1996 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Wexford and Limerick, in what was their third meeting in the final overall, a first meeting in the final in 78 years and a first championship meeting in 41 years. Wexford won the match by 1–13 to 0–14 to claim their sixth All-Ireland title overall and a first title in 26 years.

Limerick's Gary Kirby was the championship's top scorer with 1–35. Wexford's Larry O'Gorman was named Hurler of the Year.
Allegory of Peace, Art and Abundance
The Allegory of Peace, Art and Abundance (German: Allegorie des Friedens, der Kunst und des Überflusses) is a painting of 1602 by the German artist Hans von Aachen. It emerged from the artistic school that developed in the court of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II. The three female figures are personifications of Peace (with an olive branch), Science and the Liberal Arts (with a sphere and a palette), and Abundance (with a goblet and a cornucopia), all of which are implied to have flourished under the emperor's policies. The work entered the Hermitage's collection in 1925, coming from the Gatchina Palace.

Great Gatchina Palace
The Great Gatchina Palace (Russian: Большой Гатчинский дворец) is a palace in Gatchina, Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It was built from 1766 to 1781 by Antonio Rinaldi for Count Grigori Grigoryevich Orlov, who was a favourite of Catherine the Great, in Gatchina, a suburb of the royal capital Saint Petersburg. The Gatchina Palace combines classical architecture and themes of a medieval castle with ornate interiors typical of Russian classicism, located on a hill in central Gatchina next to Lake Serebryany. The Gatchina Palace became one of the favourite residences of the Russian Imperial Family, and during the 19th century was an important site of Russian politics. Since the February Revolution in 1917, it has been a museum and public park, and received UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 1990.
Lantian County
Lantian County (simplified Chinese: 蓝田县; traditional Chinese: 藍田縣; pinyin: Lántián Xiàn) is a county under the administration of Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi province, China. It is the easternmost and second-most spacious (after Zhouzhi County) of the 13 county-level divisions of Xi'an. The county borders the prefecture-level cities of Weinan to the northeast and Shangluo to the southeast, Lintong District to the north, Chang'an District to the west, and Baqiao District to the northwest.

Baqiao, Xi'an
Baqiao District (Chinese: 灞桥区; pinyin: Bàqiáo Qū) is one of 11 districts of the prefecture-level city of Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. The district borders Gaoling District to the north, Lintong District to the northeast, Chang'an District to the southeast, Yanta and Xincheng Districts to the west, and Weiyang District to the northwest. The district spans an area of 332 square kilometres (128 sq mi), and has a population of 595,124 as of 2010.
2019 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship
The 2019 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship was the first edition of the COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship, an international football tournament, for national women's under-20 teams organized by COSAFA. The tournament was played between 1-11 August in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa. Invited from CECAFA, Tanzania became champions after winning 2-1 over Zambia in the final.

Football Association of Zambia
The Football Association of Zambia is the governing body of association football in Zambia founded in 1929 and based at the "Football House" on Alick Nkhata Road in Lusaka, the country's capital.

Affiliated to CAF and FIFA in 1964 and COSAFA in 1997, it organizes the local league and the country's national team.
Stock market bubble
A stock market bubble is a type of economic bubble taking place in stock markets when market participants drive stock prices above their value in relation to some system of stock valuation.

Behavioral finance theory attributes stock market bubbles to cognitive biases that lead to groupthink and herd behavior. Bubbles occur not only in real-world markets, with their inherent uncertainty and noise, but also in highly predictable experimental markets. Other theoretical explanations of stock market bubbles have suggested that they are rational, intrinsic, and contagious.

Charles Mackay (author)
Charles Mackay (27 March 1814 – 24 December 1889) was a Scottish poet, journalist, author, anthologist, novelist, and songwriter, remembered mainly for his book Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds.
Harry Daniel
Harold "Harry" Daniel, MM (19 June 1879 – 10 August 1918) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Originally from the Ballarat region, Daniel played in the Victorian Football Association at Port Melbourne before joining Carlton for the 1901 VFL season. He put together 11 games in the first 12 rounds, as a defender, before returning to Port Melbourne.

Daniel would later fight in the First World War as a private with the 5th Battalion. He was awarded a Military Medal in 1917 for bravery during an offensive against the German lines at Ypres. A month later, he was seriously injured after taking fire from a machine-gun and was evacuated to England for treatment. He returned to the front in March 1918 but was killed in action by shellfire three months later in the Battle of Amiens.

Battle of Amiens (1918)
The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy  was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately led to the end of World War I. Allied forces advanced over 11 kilometres (7 mi) on the first day, one of the greatest advances of the war, with Gen Henry Rawlinson's British Fourth Army, with nine of its 19 divisions supplied by the fast-moving Australian Corps of Lt General John Monash and Canadian Corps of Lt General Arthur Currie, and Gen Marie Eugène Debeney's French First Army playing a decisive role. The battle is also notable for its effects on both sides' morale and the large number of surrendering German forces. This led Erich Ludendorff to later describe the first day of the battle as "the black day of the German Army". Amiens was one of the first major battles involving armoured warfare.
Christies Beach Football Club
The Christies Beach Football Club is an Australian rules football team based in the outer southern suburbs of Adelaide that first fielded junior teams in the Southern Football League in 1964.  In 1966 senior teams were formed and almost instant success was achieved with A-Grade premierships in 1967 and 1968.
The Christies Beach Football Club continues to field teams in both Senior and Junior grades in the Southern Football League.  Between 2016 and 2019, Christies Beach fielded Women's teams in the Adelaide Footy League (previously South Australian Women's Football League).

Christies Beach has produced a number of Australian Football League (AFL) players including Jason Horne-Francis (North Melbourne/Port Adelaide), Dean Brogan (Port Adelaide/GWS), Nigel Smart (Adelaide), Tony Modra (Adelaide/Fremantle), and  Chris Groom (Adelaide/Fremantle/North Melbourne).

Tony Modra
Anthony Dale Modra (born 1 March 1969) is a former Australian rules footballer who represented Adelaide and Fremantle in the Australian Football League (AFL) and West Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Known for his spectacular marking ability in the full-forward position, Modra had the physical strength and size to match the best opposition full-backs in the competition. As of 2023, he is the only Adelaide player to kick more than 100 goals in a season, achieving the feat in 1993 by registering 129 goals for the year.
Venezuela at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Venezuela competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's fifteenth consecutive appearance at the Olympics, since its debut in 1948. A total of 48 athletes, 33 men and 15 women, competed in 15 sports.

Venezuela left Athens with its first Olympic medal since 1984 and eighth overall in history. It was awarded to weightlifter Israel José Rubio, who earned the bronze in the men's 62 kg class.

Israel José Rubio
Israel José Rubio Rivero (born 11 January 1981) is a Venezuelan weightlifter.

Rubio originally placed 4th in the men's 62kg weightlifting competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, but was moved to third place and received a bronze medal when the previous bronze medalist, Leonidas Sampanis, was stripped of his medal following a doping scandal.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics he ranked 13th in the men's 69kg weightlifting competition, lifting a total of 306 kg.

Rubio was arrested on January 25, 2012, in the city of Pescara, Italy, for alleged possession of narcotics.
Moto Rumi
The Moto Rumi organisation was formed at the beginning of the twentieth century and originally supplied cast components to the textile machinery industry. At the outbreak of World War II, Rumi became involved in the manufacture of armaments, miniature submarines and torpedoes. After the end of the war in 1950, Rumi decided to get involved in the manufacture of lightweight motorcycles. It was also decided to base the powerplant on the horizontal twin two stroke unit of 125 cc capacity.

In 1952, with the popularity of scooters, Rumi started manufacturing the Squirrel or Scoiottolo – a cast aluminum monocoque body with tubular swinging arm rear suspension and teleforks with 14 inch wheels and three gears. Subsequent models had a four speed gearbox and electric starter and were reputed to be the fastest scooters then in production.

Car suspension
Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. Suspension systems must support both road holding/handling and ride quality, which are at odds with each other. The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. The suspension is crucial for maintaining consistent contact between the road wheel and the road surface, as all forces exerted on the vehicle by the road or ground are transmitted through the tires' contact patches. The suspension also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be different.
1-Bromo-4-fluorobenzene
4-Fluorobromobenzene is a mixed aryl halide (aryl fluoride and aryl bromide) with the formula C6H4BrF. It is a derivative of benzene, with a bromine atom bonded para to a fluorine atom. It has uses as a precursor to some pharmaceuticals, as an agrochemical intermediate, and in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid of low acute toxicity.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Stephen Keech
Stephen Albert Joseph Keech is an American musician. He spent his early years as the vocalist and songwriter for the metalcore band Haste the Day.  He was also the vocalist for New Day Awakening and bassist for As Cities Burn.

Coward (Haste the Day album)
Coward is the sixth studio album from Haste the Day. Solid State Records released the album on May 18, 2015. The album was released following the band's successful funding campaign via the crowdfunding website IndieGoGo, to which fans contributed more than twice the band's original goal. Coward is unique in that it features contributions from every member throughout the band's career, and is the first studio album to feature original vocalist Jimmy Ryan since the band's 2005 release When Everything Falls.
Die schwarzen Brüder
Die schwarzen Brüder (English: The Black Brothers) is a young adult novel and the best-known story of German-Swiss writers Lisa Tetzner and Kurt Held.

The book was published in two volumes between 1940 and 1941, and tells the story of Giorgio, a boy from Sonogno in the Verzasca Valley in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. Tetzner had read of a ferry disaster drowning some thirty chimney sweep boys (Italian Spazzacamini) who were sold to the City of Milan in the middle of the 19th century.

The novel was started by Lisa Tetzner, and finished by her husband Kurt Held (actually Kurt Kläber), though the latter remained uncredited, being a political refugee in Switzerland to escape from Nazism.

Verzasca (river)
The Verzasca is a 30-kilometre (19 mi) long Swiss Alpine river originating at Pizzo Barone and flowing into Lake Maggiore. It is known for its clear turquoise water and vibrant colored rocks, as well as its treacherous currents. The Verzasca Dam is a few kilometers upriver from Lake Maggiore.
Voskresenovka
Voskresenovka (Russian: Воскресе́новка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Voskresenovka, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Bryansk Oblast

Voskresenovka, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, a selo in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast

Voskresenovka, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, a village in Kursk Oblast

Voskresenovka (station), Mikhaylovsky District, Amur Oblast, station in the Mikhaylovsky District of Amur Oblast, Russia

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
EuroLeague Best Defender
The EuroLeague Best Defender is an annual basketball award of the European premier level EuroLeague. It is awarded to the best defensive player throughout the season, up until the EuroLeague Final Four stage of the season. The award began in the 2004–05 season, and the winner is selected by the EuroLeague's head coaches. Dimitris Diamantidis of Panathinaikos Athens, won the first five awards, from 2005 to 2009.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
Fossil Cycad National Monument
Fossil Cycad National Monument was a national monument in the U.S. state of South Dakota beginning in 1922. The site contained hundreds of fossils of the cycad-like bennettitalean plant Cycadeoidea, one of the world's greatest concentrations. Because vandals stole or destroyed all of the visible fossils, it was withdrawn as a national monument in 1957. It is located in northwestern Fall River County, on U.S. Route 18, northeast of the city of Edgemont.

Edgemont, South Dakota
Edgemont is a city in Fall River County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 725 at the 2020 census. The city lies on the far southern edge of the Black Hills in southwestern South Dakota.

Edgemont is a crew change point for BNSF freight trains in the Gillette, Wyoming-Alliance, Nebraska division. Nearly 50 pool crews were operating out of the town in early 2023.
Clayton Ramparts
The Clayton Ramparts (80°44′S 27°25′W﻿ / ﻿80.733°S 27.417°W﻿ / -80.733; -27.417) are a line of east–west cliffs rising to over 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) at the southern margin of Fuchs Dome, Shackleton Range. They were surveyed by the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1957, photographed from the air by the U.S. Navy, 1967, and further surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1968–71. They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Charles A. Clayton, BAS surveyor, Halley Research Station, 1969–71, who worked in the area.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Frejat
Roberto Frejat, better known as Frejat (born May 21, 1962) is a musician, composer, singer and co-founder of the band Barão Vermelho.

Frejat, who was born in Rio de Janeiro, is considered one of the most important people in the Brazilian Rock scene.  He co-founded the band Barão Vermelho in 1981 playing the guitar and writing songs, then four years later he replaced Cazuza as lead vocalist in the band.  He was in Barão Vermelho for 20 years before starting a solo career.  He released two solo albums (in 2001 and 2003) before getting back together with Barão Vermelho.  In January 2007 he played his last show with Barão Vermelho before they disbanded and is once again pursuing a solo career.

Several prominent artists have recorded cover versions of his compositions including: Caetano Veloso, Gal Costa, Cazuza, Cássia Eller and Ney Matogrosso.

Ney Matogrosso
Ney de Souza Pereira (born 1 August 1941), known professionally as Ney Matogrosso (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈnej ˌmatuˈɡɾosu]), is a Brazilian singer who is distinguished for his uncommon countertenor voice. He was ranked by Rolling Stone as the third greatest Latin American singer of all time.
Alexander Casey
Alexander Casey (also Alex Casey or Al Casey) is an Irish footballer who played for Waterford FC in the late 1960s and early 1970s, winning four league titles in the space of six years.

Al died as a result of a two-car collision near Tipperary Town on his way back from a reserve game in Limerick on 6 December 1981.

A memorial match was held for his family in 1982 when Waterford played a Jackie Morley selection in Kilcohan Park.  The 'Waterford Soccer Monthly' magazine launched a monthly 'Al Casey Award', sponsored by Waterford Crystal, for outstanding contributions to soccer locally.

Waterford Crystal
Waterford Crystal is an Irish manufacturer of crystal glassware, especially cut glass products. It is named after the city of Waterford in Ireland. In January 2009, the main Waterford Crystal manufacturing base on the edge of Waterford was closed due to the insolvency of Waterford Wedgwood plc, and in June 2010, Waterford Crystal relocated almost back to the roots of glass-making in the city centre. The Mall location holds both a manufacturing facility that melts over 750 tonnes of crystal a year – although most Waterford Crystal is now produced outside Ireland – and a visitor centre with the world's largest collection of Waterford Crystal. Since 2015, the brand has been owned by Fiskars Corporation.
Stochastic grammar
A stochastic grammar (statistical grammar) is a grammar framework with a probabilistic notion of grammaticality:

Stochastic context-free grammar

Statistical parsing

Data-oriented parsing

Hidden Markov model (or stochastic regular grammar)

Estimation theory

The grammar is realized as a language model. Allowed sentences are stored in a database together with the frequency how common a sentence is. Statistical natural language processing uses stochastic, probabilistic and statistical methods, especially to resolve difficulties that arise because longer sentences are highly ambiguous when processed with realistic grammars, yielding thousands or millions of possible analyses. Methods  for disambiguation often involve the use of corpora and Markov models.  "A probabilistic model consists of a non-probabilistic model plus some numerical quantities; it is not true that probabilistic models are inherently simpler or less structural than non-probabilistic models."

Markov model
In probability theory, a Markov model is a stochastic model used to model pseudo-randomly changing systems. It is assumed that future states depend only on the current state, not on the events that occurred before it (that is, it assumes the Markov property). Generally, this assumption enables reasoning and computation with the model that would otherwise be intractable. For this reason, in the fields of predictive modelling and probabilistic forecasting, it is desirable for a given model to exhibit the Markov property.