hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
KattenKabinet
The KattenKabinet ("Cat Cabinet") is an art museum in Amsterdam devoted to works depicting cats. The museum collection includes paintings, drawings, sculptures and other works of art by Pablo Picasso, Rembrandt, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Corneille, Sal Meijer, Théophile Steinlen, Ed van der Elsken and Jože Ciuha, among others.

The museum is housed in a canalside building at Herengracht 497, in the grand Gouden Bocht ("Golden Bend") of this canal.  The owner lives on the second floor of the building with his family. There are some cats in the museum as well.

Théophile Steinlen
Théophile Alexandre Steinlen (November 10, 1859 – December 13, 1923), was a Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter and printmaker. He was politically engaged and collaborated with the anarchist and socialist press.
2025 Irish budget
The 2025 Irish budget was the Irish Government Budget for the 2025 fiscal year, which was presented to Dáil Éireann on 1 October 2024 by Minister for Finance Jack Chambers, and the Minister for Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform Paschal Donohoe.

Minister for Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation
The Minister for Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation (Irish: An tAire Caiteachais Phoiblí, Bonneagair, Athchóiriúcháin Seirbhíse Poiblí agus Digitiúcháin) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation.

The Minister for Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation since January 2025 is Jack Chambers, TD.

He is assisted by two Ministers of State:

Kevin "Boxer" Moran, TD – Minister of State for the Office of Public Works; and

Emer Higgins, TD – Minister of State for public procurement, digitalisation and eGovernment.

The office was created in July 2011, taking over some of the functions of the Minister for Finance.
Otok, Metlika
Otok (pronounced [ˈɔːtɔk]) is a village on the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Roman remains including a villa rustica have been found close to the settlement.

Villa rustica
Villa rustica (transl. farmhouse or countryside villa) was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a farmhouse or villa set in the countryside and with an agricultural section, which applies to the vast majority of Roman villas. In some cases they were at the centre of a large agricultural estate, sometimes called a latifundium. The adjective rustica was used only to distinguish it from a much rarer sub-urban  resort villa, or otium villa built for purely leisure and luxury, and typically located in the Bay of Naples. The villa rustica would thus serve both as a residence of the landowner and his family (and servants) and also as a farm management centre. It would often comprise separate buildings to accommodate farm labourers and sheds and barns for animals and crops.

The villa rustica's design differed, but usually it consisted of two parts; the pars urbana (main house), and the pars rustica (farm area).
PLUMED
PLUMED is an open-source library implementing enhanced-sampling algorithms, various free-energy methods, and analysis tools for molecular dynamics simulations. It is designed to be used together with ACEMD, AMBER, DL_POLY, GROMACS, LAMMPS, NAMD, OpenMM, ABIN, CP2K, i-PI, PINY-MD, and Quantum ESPRESSO, but it can also be used together with analysis and visualization tools VMD, HTMD, and OpenPathSampling.

In addition, PLUMED can be used as a standalone tool for analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories. A graphical user interface named METAGUI is available.

Visual Molecular Dynamics
Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD) is a molecular modelling and visualization computer program. VMD is developed mainly as a tool to view and analyze the results of molecular dynamics simulations. It also includes tools for working with volumetric data, sequence data, and arbitrary graphics objects. Molecular scenes can be exported to external rendering tools such as POV-Ray, RenderMan, Tachyon, Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), and many others. Users can run their own Tcl and Python scripts within VMD as it includes embedded Tcl and Python interpreters. VMD runs on Unix, Apple Mac macOS, and Microsoft Windows. VMD is available to non-commercial users under a distribution-specific license which permits both use of the program and modification of its source code, at no charge.
Sosnovsky District, Tambov Oblast
Sosnovsky District (Russian: Сосно́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The district borders with Morshansky District in the north, Pichayevsky District in the east, Tambovsky District in the south, and with Staroyuryevsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,382 square kilometers (920 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Sosnovka. Population: 31,641 (2010 Census);  39,253 (2002 Census); 48,133 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Sosnovka accounts for 29.0% of the district's total population.

Tambov Oblast
Tambov Oblast (Russian: Тамбовская область, IPA: [tɐmˈbofskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tambov. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,091,994.
Ilkahöhe
Ilkahöhe is a small mountain of Bavaria, Germany. It is located in the community of Tutzing above a small village called Oberzeismering. It is a popular place to visit on outings from Munich. From the top of the Ilkahöhe, one can see the Alps, including the Zugspitze. It is part of a larger estate that also bears the name Ilkahöhe.

Ilkahöhe was formed in the Würm glaciation. The small mountain is one of the remains of one of the lateral moraines of the glacier of river Würm.

The place is named after Ilka von Wrede. She was a noblewoman who was known for her charity work towards the wounded in the Franco-Prussian War.

Würm glaciation
The Würm glaciation or Würm stage (German: Würm-Kaltzeit or Würm-Glazial,  also Würmeiszeit or Würmzeit; cf. ice age), commonly referred as the Würm (often spelled "Wurm"), was the last glacial period in the Alpine region. It is the youngest of the major glaciations of the region that extended beyond the Alps themselves. Like most of the other ice ages of the Pleistocene epoch, it is named after a river, in this case the Würm in Bavaria, a tributary of the Amper.

The Würm ice age can be dated to about 115,000 to 11,700 years ago. Sources differ about the dates, depending on whether the long transition phases between the glacials and interglacials (warmer periods) are allocated to one or other of those periods. The average annual temperatures during the Würm ice age in the Alpine Foreland were below −3 °C (today +7 °C). That has been determined from changes in the vegetation (pollen analysis), as well as differences in the facies.
Pont Ruzizi I
The Pont Ruzizi I is a bridge in Bukavu  which is one of the customs posts over the Ruzizi River between Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Cyangugu in Rwanda.

The bridge was first built in 1935 and later destroyed to be rebuilt in 1974 in metal and wood (Bailey bridge with a capacity to support only lower weight vehicles or carrying less than 3 tonnes. It remained in a state of disrepair until the construction of this new bridge, with a capacity to support up to 30 tonnes, in 2012, with financing from the European Union in the economic program of the Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries. It was inaugurated by the mayor of Bukavu, Bilubi Ulengabo Meschac, on 19 June 2019.

At 57 metres (187 ft), it is the second longest bridge in Bukavu, after Pont Ruzizi II, which is also a border crossing with Rwanda.

Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries
The Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (ECGLC) (in French CEPGL - Communauté Économique des Pays des Grand Lacs) is an international organization established on September 20, 1976, to promote economic integration and facilitate the movement of goods and people between its three members: Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly known as Zaire), and Rwanda. Its main purpose is to promote regional economic cooperation and integration. Its headquarters is located in Gisenyi, in the Rubavu District of the Eastern Province of Rwanda.
D-pinitol dehydrogenase
In enzymology, D-pinitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.142) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are pinitol and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Its products are 2D-5-O-methyl-2,3,5/4,6-pentahydroxycyclohexanone, reduced NADPH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1D-3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called 5D-5-O-methyl-chiro-inositol:NADP+ oxidoreductase.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Brand New Day (Ai song)
"Brand New Day" is a song recorded by Japanse-American singer-songwriter Ai, released on July 18, 2007, by Island Records and Universal Sigma. Originally released digitally on June 13, 2007, "Brand New Day" was used by Japan Airlines for their JAL+One World television commercial.

Universal Music Japan
Universal Music LLC (Japanese: ユニバーサル ミュージック合同会社, Hepburn: Yunibāsaru myūjikku Gōdō gaisha), often referred to as just Universal Music Japan or UMJ, is a Japanese subsidiary of the Universal Music Group founded in 1990. It is the largest subsidiary for a foreign company in Japan regarding music distribution. The company is responsible for marketing and distribution in Japan for Japanese releases under Universal.

As of 2019, Universal Japan holds the second most shares in the Japanese music market, behind Sony Music Japan, and is followed by Avex.
Troutman
Troutman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arenda Troutman (born 1957), American politician

Baxter Troutman (born 1966), American politician

Beth Troutman (born 1977), American television personality

Chevon Troutman (born 1981), American basketball player

Emanuel Mac Troutman (1915–2004), American judge

Ivy Troutman (1884–1979), Broadway actress

Joanna Troutman (1818–1879), designer of the Troutman flag

Johnnie Troutman (born 1987), American football player

Kathryn Troutman (born 1947), American author

Larry Troutman (1944–1999), percussionist of Zapp

Roger Troutman (1951–1999), lead singer of Zapp

Shirley Troutman (born 1959/1960), American lawyer

William I. Troutman (1905–1971), American politician

Shirley Troutman
Shirley Troutman (born 1959 or 1960) is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as an associate judge of the New York Court of Appeals since 2022. She served as an associate justice of the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division from 2016 to 2022.
Leon Stover
Leon Eugene Stover (April 9, 1929 – November 25, 2006) was an American anthropologist, a Sinologist, and a science fiction fan, who wrote both fiction and nonfiction. He was a scholar of the works of H. G. Wells and Robert A. Heinlein and an occasional collaborator with Harry Harrison.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Ultimo Road railway underbridge
The Ultimo Road railway underbridge is a heritage-listed former railway bridge located on the former Darling Harbour goods railway line in the inner city Sydney suburb of Ultimo in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by engineering staff in the Existing Lines branch of the New South Wales Public Works Department and built in 1879. The property is owned by Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

The underbridge now forms part of The Goods Line, a pedestrian walkway which runs from Central station to the corner of Sussex and Hay Streets, Sydney.

Sydney Freight Network
The Sydney Freight Network is a network of dedicated railway lines for freight in Sydney, linking the NSW rural and interstate rail network with Port Botany and Sydney's main freight yard at Enfield. Its primary components are the Southern Sydney Freight Line (SSFL) and the Metropolitan Goods railway line.

The Network has been managed by the Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) since 2012. Prior to the completion of the SSFL, it was managed by RailCorp as the Metropolitan Freight Network.
Coset construction
In mathematics, the coset construction (or GKO construction) is a method of constructing unitary highest weight representations of the Virasoro algebra, introduced by Peter Goddard, Adrian Kent and David Olive (1986).  The construction produces the complete discrete series of highest weight representations of the Virasoro algebra and demonstrates their unitarity, thus establishing the classification of unitary highest weight representations.

Discrete series representation
In mathematics, a discrete series representation is an irreducible unitary representation of a locally compact topological group G that is a subrepresentation of the left regular representation of G on L²(G).  In the Plancherel measure,  such representations have positive measure.  The name comes from the fact that they are exactly the representations that occur discretely in the decomposition of the regular representation.
IPAG Business School
The IPAG Business School (formerly Institut de préparation à l’administration et à la gestion) is a French private business school founded in 1965 by Jacques Rueff. It is located in Paris, Nice, Los Angeles and Kunming.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Kate Ashfield
Kate Ashfield (born 28 May 1972) is an English actress and screenwriter, who has appeared in stage, TV and film roles, most famously in her role as Liz in the 2004 zombie comedy Shaun of the Dead. She is the co-writer of the 2017 TV series Born to Kill.

British Independent Film Awards
The British Independent Film Awards (BIFA) is an organisation that celebrates, supports, and promotes British independent cinema and film-making talent in the United Kingdom. Nominations for the annual awards ceremony are announced in early November, with the ceremony itself taking place in early December.

Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK-wide talent development and film screening programmes, with the support of Creative Skillset and the  British Film Institute.
Justin Carrigan
Justin Carrigan (born c. 1980) is an American athletic director and former college football coach. He is the athletic director for Liberty Hill High School, a position he has held since 2023. He was the deputy athletic director for the University of Texas Permian Basin in 2023 and the school's head football coach from its inception in 2015 until 2022. He also coached for Midwestern State, UTEP, and Tarleton State. He played college football for Angelo State as a safety.

University of Texas Permian Basin
The University of Texas Permian Basin (UTPB) is a public university in Odessa, Texas, United States. It is part of the University of Texas System.  UTPB was authorized by the Texas Legislature in 1969 and founded in 1973. UTPB is home to over 4,900 students and 300 teaching faculty as of fall 2024.
Manor House in Mošovce
The Manor House in Mošovce is a manor house in the Turiec region of Slovakia. It is considered a historical monument and is of the Révay Rococo-Classical style of architecture. It was built in the second half of the 18th century.

Basement
A basement is any floor of a building that is not above the grade plane. Especially in residential buildings, it often is used as a utility space for a building, where such items as the furnace, water heater, breaker panel or fuse box, car park, and air-conditioning system are located; so also are amenities such as the electrical system and cable television distribution point. In cities with high property prices, such as London, basements are often fitted out to a high standard and used as living space.

In British English, the word basement is usually used for underground floors of, for example, department stores. The word is usually used with buildings when the space below the ground floor is habitable and with (usually) its own access. The word cellar applies to the whole underground level or to any large underground room. A subcellar or subbasement is a level that lies below the basement or cellar.
Otto Friedrich
Otto Alva Friedrich (1929 in  Boston, Massachusetts – April 25, 1994 in  Manhasset, New York), was an American  author, and historian. The son of the political theorist, and Harvard professor Carl Joachim Friedrich, Otto Friedrich graduated from Harvard University in 1948 with a degree in history.
Upon graduation, he became a journalist and then the managing editor of The Saturday Evening Post in 1965. After the Post closed down, he spent the remainder of his career at TIME magazine, where he wrote more than 40 cover stories. During this time, he also authored more than 14 books on diverse subjects ranging from Hollywood in the 1940s to the rise of Nazi Germany, to Paris in the age of Édouard Manet. In 1970, he won the George Polk Award for his book Decline and Fall, about The Saturday Evening Post.
Otto Friedrich was married to Priscilla Boughton, with whom he had five children. He died of lung cancer at the North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, New York in 1995.

Carl Joachim Friedrich
Carl Joachim Friedrich (/ˈfriːdrɪk/ FREE-drik, German: [kaʁl ˈjoːaxɪm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç]; June 5, 1901 – September 19, 1984) was a German-American professor and political theorist. He taught alternately at Harvard and Heidelberg until his retirement in 1971. His writings on state and constitutional theory, constitutionalism and government made him one of the world's leading political scientists in the post-World War II period. He is one of the most influential scholars of totalitarianism.
Malaysian Qualifications Framework
The Malaysian Qualifications Framework (Malay: Kerangka Kelayakan Malaysia) or the MQF is a unified system of post secondary qualifications offered on a national basis in Malaysia. It is administered by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA), a statutory body under the purview of the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE).

Institute of technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological/technology university/college, technical university/college, university/college of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.
Walter Thorburn
Sir Walter Thorburn (1842–1908) was a Scottish industrialist and Liberal Unionist Party politician who served as Member of Parliament for Peebles and Selkirk in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1886 to 1906.

Liberal Unionist Party
The Liberal Unionist Party was a British political party that was formed in 1886 by a faction that broke away from the Liberal Party. Led by Lord Hartington (later the Duke of Devonshire) and Joseph Chamberlain, the party established a political alliance with the Conservative Party in opposition to Irish Home Rule. The two parties formed the ten-year-long coalition Unionist Government 1895–1905 but kept separate political funds and their own party organisations until a complete merger between the  Liberal  Unionist  and the  Conservative parties was agreed to  in May 1912.
Wieke Dijkstra
Wieke Elisabeth Henriëtte Dijkstra (born 19 June 1984) is a Dutch field hockey player, who plays as midfielder for Dutch club Laren.

Dijkstra was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. In addition to her club career, she plays for the Netherlands national team, most of the time as a defender. She was part of the Dutch squad that became world champions at the 2006 Women's Hockey World Cup and which won the 2007 Champions Trophy. She recently played her 70th official international match during the 2008 Beijing Olympics final.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing she won an Olympic gold medal with the Dutch national team beating China in the final 2–0.

2007 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 2007 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 15th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy for women. It was held on 13–21 January 2007 in Quilmes, Argentina.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the fifth time after defeating the hosts Argentina 1–0 in the final.