hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Volta Mantovana (1080)
The Battle of Volta Mantovana was fought on the 15th of October 1080 between troops raised by the schismatic bishops of Lombardy loyal to the emperor Henry IV and to anti-pope Guibert of Ravenna against forces commanded by Matilda of Tuscany. Margravine Matilda was defeated and the pro-Imperial forces gained the upper hand.

Antipope
An antipope (Latin: antipapa) is a person who claims to be Bishop of Rome and leader of the Roman Catholic Church in opposition to the officially elected pope. Between the 3rd and mid-15th centuries, antipopes were supported by factions within the Church itself and secular rulers.  While modern claimants to the papacy still take place, they are rarely given serious consideration by either the public or the Church.

Sometimes it was difficult to distinguish which of two claimants should be called pope and which antipope, as in the case of Pope Leo VIII and Pope Benedict V.
Hans Skjervheim
Hans Skjervheim (9 October 1926 – 22 February 1999) was a Norwegian philosopher. He was born in Voss Municipality.

He was a research fellow at the University of Oslo from 1963, professor at the Roskilde University from 1968, lector at the University of Bergen from 1969, and professor there from 1982. His work Deltakar og tilskodar og andre essays (Participant and Onlooker, and Other Essays, 1976) was selected for the Norwegian Sociology Canon in 2009–2011.

Norwegian Sociology Canon
The Norwegian Sociology Canon (Norwegian: Norsk sosiologisk kanon) is an award presented from 2009 to 2011 to 25 nonfiction texts, that are considered to have had the greatest influence on sociology in Norway. The list of works was published in the journal of the Norwegian Sociology Association (Norwegian: Norsk sosiologforening).

The jury that created the list was composed of Willy Pedersen (chair), Andreas Hompland, Cathrine Holst, Ida Hjelde, and Ola Korsnes. The criteria for selection were "professional originality and quality, professional impact, social impact, craftsmanship and methodological soundness, and literary value."
The Art of Storytelling (Dirty album)
The Art of Storytelling is the sixth album released by rap group, Dirty. It was released on June 12, 2007 through Rap-a-Lot Records, Asylum Records, Atlantic Records and was produced by Terrence Cash and James Prince. The Art of Storytelling only made it to #40 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, becoming their only major studio album to not make it to the Billboard 200. This would mark Dirty's final album with Rap-a-Lot Records as the duo chose to leave label after this album's release.

Dirty (group)
Dirty is a hip hop duo from Montgomery, Alabama, composed of cousins Big Pimp (Daniel Thomas, born 1978) and Mr. G Stacka The Gangsta (Tarvares Webster, born 1981). Their most popular album, Keep It Pimp & Gangsta peaked at number thirteen on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and number 63 on the Billboard 200.
Sacconi Quartet
The Sacconi Quartet is a UK-based classical music string quartet founded in 2001 by four graduates of the Royal College of Music, London, UK. The Quartet has achieved widespread recognition, having given recitals in leading British concert halls and at music festivals in Britain and across Europe. They have also won several major prizes in string quartet and chamber music competitions. The Quartet is named for the outstanding twentieth-century Italian violin maker and restorer Simone Sacconi, who wrote The Secrets of Stradivari a reference work for violin makers.

Kings Place
Kings Place is a building in London's King's Cross area, providing music and visual arts venues combined with seven floors of office space. It has housed the editorial offices of The Guardian newspaper since December 2008 and is the former headquarters of Network Rail and CGI.
2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Picardie and Nord-Pas de Calais
The 2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Picardie and Nord-Pas de Calais made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the Picardie and Nord-Pas de Calais leagues took part in the main competition from round 7. This was the 100th season of the French football cup competition. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and is open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia (qualification via 2016 New Caledonia Cup), Tahiti (qualification via 2016 Tahiti Cup), Réunion, and Saint Martin).

The qualifying rounds took place between June and October 2016.

Tahiti Cup
The Tahiti Cup (also known as Coupe de Polynésie or Coupe de Tahiti Nui) is the premier football knockout tournament in French Polynesia. It was created in 1938, and gives the winner of the tournament a berth in the Coupe de France.

Between 2001 and 2006 two cup competitions were held in parallel.
Trikam Chhanga
Chhanga Trikam Bijal is an Indian politician. He is a Member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly from the Anjar Assembly constituency since 8 December 2022. He is a Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. On 17th October 2025, he was inducted in Gujarat Ministry

Gujarat Legislative Assembly
The Gujarat Legislative Assembly (ISO: Gujārāt Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Gujarat, in the state capital Gandhinagar. Presently, 182 members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected from single-member constituencies (seats). It has a term of 5 years unless it is dissolved sooner. 13 constituencies are reserved for scheduled castes and 27 constituencies for scheduled tribes.  From its majority party group or by way of a grand coalition cabinet of its prominent members, the state's Executive namely the Government of Gujarat is formed.

Since 1995, the Gujarat Legislative Assembly has been controlled by the Bharatiya Janata Party with an absolute majority in the House.
MLW x Don Gato Tequila: Lucha de los Muertos
MLW x Don Gato Tequila: Lucha de los Muertos (also promoted as simply MLW x Don Gato Tequila) was a professional wrestling event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW) that took place on November 20, 2025, at the Charleston Music Hall in Charleston, South Carolina. The event aired live on BeIN Sports USA and streamed live on MLW's YouTube channel.

The event featured an appearance from Arn Anderson, the returns of Killer Kross and Scarlett Bordeaux, and the debuts of the Good Brothers (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson) and Isla Dawn.

BeIN Sports (American TV channel)
BeIN Sports USA is an American pay television sports channel that launched on August 16, 2012. It is part of the BeIN Sports family of channels, a subsidiary of the Qatari-based BeIN Media Group.

BeIN Sports USA primarily airs soccer; featuring coverage of Ligue 1, along with other leagues in Europe. The channel also airs rugby, auto racing, handball, motorcycle racing, tennis and volleyball. A companion network, beIN Sports en Español, carries simulcasts or alternate programming primarily in Spanish, with both networks offering secondary Spanish or English commentary via the second audio program option.

As of December 2023, BeIN Sports is available in 8.97 million households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service, while beIN Sports en Español is available in 6.152 million.
The Hedgehog, the Merchant, the King and the Poor Man
The Hedgehog, the Merchant, the King and the Poor Man (Hungarian: A sündisznó; English: "The Hedgehog") is a Hungarian fairy tale collected by László Merényi and translated by folklorist Jeremiah Curtin.

The first part of the tale refers to the international cycle of Animal as Bridegroom, wherein a human maiden marries a prince cursed to be an animal, and disenchants him. The second part of the tale belongs to the cycle of the Calumniated Wife and is classified in the international Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as type ATU 707, "The Three Golden Children". The latter type refers to stories where a girl promises a king she will bear a child or children with wonderful attributes, but her jealous relatives or the king's wives plot against the babies and their mother.

Jeremiah Curtin
Jeremiah Curtin (6 September 1835 – 14 December 1906) was an American ethnographer, folklorist, and translator. Curtin had an abiding interest in languages and was conversant with several. From 1883 to 1891 he was employed by the Bureau of American Ethnology as a field researcher documenting the customs and mythologies of various Native American tribes.

He and his wife, Alma Cardell Curtin, traveled extensively, collecting ethnological information, from the Modocs of the Pacific Northwest to the Buryats of Siberia.

They made several trips to Ireland, visited the Aran Islands, and, with the aid of interpreters, collected folklore in southwest Munster and other Gaelic-speaking regions. Curtin compiled one of the first accurate collections of Irish folk material, and was an important source for W. B. Yeats. Curtin is known for several collections of Irish folktales.

He also translated into English Henryk Sienkiewicz's Quo Vadis and other novels and stories by the Pole.
1990 Japan Series
The 1990 Japan Series was the championship series of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the 1990 season. The 41st edition of the Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff that matched the  Pacific League champion Seibu Lions against the Central League champion Yomiuri Giants. Seibu won the PL pennant for the seventh time in nine years to reach the series, and Yomiuri dominated the CL to return to the series after winning it the year before. Played at Tokyo Dome and Seibu Lions Stadium, the Lions swept the heavily favored Giants in four games to win the franchise's 10th Japan Series title. Seibu slugger and former MLB player Orestes Destrade was named Most Valuable Player of the series. The series was played between October 20 and October 24 with home field advantage going to the Central League.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Newton Cardoso Jr.
Newton Cardoso Junior (born 11 November 1979) is a Brazilian politician who has been a Brazilian Democratic Movement federal deputy for Minas Gerais since 2015.

He was named in the 2016 Panama Papers leak.

His father was the former Governor of Minas Gerais Newton Cardoso.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Cimitero degli Inglesi
Cimitero degli Inglesi is the Italian name of:

the English Cemetery, Florence and

the English Cemetery, Naples and

the Old English Cemetery, Livorno

The Protestant Cemetery, Rome is occasionally also known by this name

Old English Cemetery, Livorno
The Old English Cemetery (Italian: Antico cimitero degli inglesi) is a cemetery  in Livorno (Leghorn), central Italy, located on a plot of land near the Via Verdi, close to the Waldensian Church and to the formerly Anglican church of  St. George. It is the oldest Protestant cemetery in Italy.
Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres
The Men's 10,000 metres competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. The event was held at the Olympic Stadium on 4 August. The race was won by 0.48 seconds by Mo Farah, the reigning 5000 metres World Champion, in a time of 27:30.42.

2011 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 5000 metres
The men's 5000 metres at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Daegu Stadium on September 1 and 4.

Jake Robertson of New Zealand was added to the final field at the judges' discretion after twice being pushed in his qualifying race.

The tactical final was almost full contact, with a pack of 14 staying close into the penultimate lap.  Galen Rupp tried to take the kick out early.  As the pack began to break up, Eliud Kipchoge went down while the leaders began to string out the field.  Mo Farah led through the final lap as a host of Kenyan and finally Ethiopian athletes Imane Merga and Dejen Gebremeskel took a charge at him.  Bernard Lagat worked his way through the traffic, coming up behind the final two Ethiopian runners pulling past them in lane 3 on the final straight.  Lagat couldn't catch Farah.  Merga finished in third but was later disqualified for stepping on the curb, giving the bronze to Gebremeskel.
Invisible Agent
Invisible Agent is a 1942 American action and spy film directed by Edwin L. Marin with a screenplay written by Curt Siodmak. The invisible agent is played by Jon Hall, with Peter Lorre and Sir Cedric Hardwicke as members of the Axis, and Ilona Massey and Albert Basserman as Allied spies. The film is inspired by the 1897 H. G. Wells novel The Invisible Man.

The Invisible Man
The Invisible Man is an 1897 science fiction novel by H. G. Wells. Originally serialised in Pearson's Weekly in 1897, it was published as a novel the same year. The Invisible Man to whom the title refers is Griffin, a scientist who has devoted himself to research into optics and invents a way to change a body's refractive index to that of air so that it neither absorbs nor reflects light. He carries out this procedure on himself and renders himself invisible, but fails in his attempt to reverse it. A practitioner of random and irresponsible violence, Griffin has become an iconic character in horror fiction.

While its predecessors, The Time Machine and The Island of Doctor Moreau, were written using first-person narrators, Wells adopts a third-person objective point of view in The Invisible Man. The novel is considered influential, and helped establish Wells as the "father of science fiction".
Alfred Lorenz
Alfred Ottokar Lorenz (11 July 1868, Vienna – 20 November 1939, Munich) was an Austrian-German conductor, composer, and musical analyst.  His principal work is the four-volume Das Geheimnis der Form bei Richard Wagner, which attempts to comprehensively analyze some of Richard Wagner's best-known operas.  Lorenz's work reflects to a great extent his sympathy with Nazi ideology, and has only recently been discredited by scholarship.

Musical analysis
Musical analysis is the study of musical structure in either compositions or performances. According to music theorist Ian Bent, music analysis "is the means of answering directly the question 'How does it work?'". The method employed to answer this question, and indeed exactly what is meant by the question, differs from analyst to analyst, and according to the purpose of the analysis. According to Bent, "its emergence as an approach and method can be traced back to the 1750s. However it existed as a scholarly tool, albeit an auxiliary one, from the Middle Ages onwards."

The principle of analysis has been variously criticized, especially by composers, such as Edgard Varèse's claim that, "to explain by means of [analysis] is to decompose, to mutilate the spirit of a work".
Union City station
Union City station is a Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station in Union City, California. The station sits near Decoto Road east of Alvarado-Niles Road, directly behind the James Logan High School campus. The station is served by the Orange and Green lines. Local bus service is provided by Union City Transit and AC Transit.

Oakland Subdivision
The Oakland Subdivision is a Union Pacific Railroad line in the U.S. state of California. It extends from Stockton in the east to Oakland, crossing the Diablo Range at Altamont Pass and traversing Niles Canyon. The line was originally built by the Western Pacific Railroad as the final Pacific leg of their Feather River Route — it was acquired by Union Pacific upon their purchase of Southern Pacific. For its length, the line largely parallels the route of the First transcontinental railroad, the Western Pacific Railroad (1862–1870), though the Subdivision was laid out decades after the Western Pacific.

The line north and west of Niles has seen a reduction in freight movements as operations are consolidated on the parallel Niles Subdivision. Altamont Corridor Express commuter rail trains operate on the line from Niles to Lathrop and the southern leg of the Bay Area Rapid Transit system was constructed in the rail line's right of way between Fruitvale and Union City in the early 1970s.
Charles Schneider (politician)
Charles Schneider (born June 24, 1973) is an American politician of the Republican Party, who served as a member of the Iowa Senate representing the state's 22nd district. He was the President of the Iowa Senate. He acted briefly as Majority Leader between Bill Dix's resignation and Jack Whitver's assumption of office.

Schneider previously served on the city council of West Des Moines, Iowa. He was first elected to the Iowa Senate in a 2012 special election to succeed Pat Ward, who died of cancer.

West Des Moines, Iowa
West Des Moines is a city in Iowa, United States. Most of the city is in Polk County, some of it is in Dallas County, and small portions extend into Warren and Madison Counties.

As of the 2020 census, the city population was 68,723. West Des Moines is the second most populous city in the Des Moines metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in Iowa.
The Sawdust Paradise
The Sawdust Paradise is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film directed by Luther Reed and written by Julian Johnson, Louise Long, and George Manker Watters. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-film Western Electric Sound System process. The film stars Esther Ralston, Reed Howes, Hobart Bosworth, Tom Maguire, George B. French, Alan Roscoe, and Mary Alden. The film was released on September 1, 1928, by Paramount Pictures.

Julian Johnson
Julian P. Johnson (1867–1939) was an American surgeon and author of several books on Eastern spirituality. He spent much of 1932 to 1939 in India, was associated with the Radha Soami Satsang Beas spiritual society and Surat Shabd Yoga, and wrote five books (one unpublished) as a result of his experiences.
Sherry Shourds
Walter Sherborne "Sherry" Shourds Jr. (March 15, 1906 – February 13, 1991) was an American assistant director, director  and production manager who was a write-in nomination during the 8th Academy Awards for the short lived Best Assistant Director category for A Midsummer Night's Dream, which was also the 2nd and last year the Academy Awards allowed write-in votes. He also helped on the television show Bonanza.

Unit production manager
In the cinema of the United States, a unit production manager (UPM) is the Directors Guild of America–approved title for the top below-the-line staff position, responsible for the administration of a feature film or television production. Non-DGA productions might call it the production manager or production supervisor. They work closely with the line producer. Sometimes the line producer is the UPM. A senior producer may assign a UPM more than one production at a time.
Präzisionsteilefertigung Steffen Pfüller
Präzisionsteilefertigung Steffen Pfüller (PTF) is a producer of high-tech precision parts for companies in the semiconductor, medical, food, laser and aerospace industries.

PTF's headquarters are in Stollberg, Germany, with subsidiaries in Jena, Germany and Suzhou, China.

Stollberg
Stollberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɔlˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in Saxony, Germany, in the district Erzgebirgskreis. It is situated 20 km east of Zwickau and 17 km southwest of Chemnitz. It was the site of the Hoheneck women's prison until 2001.
Simon Ramo
Simon Ramo (May 7, 1913 – June 27, 2016) was an American engineer, businessman, and author. He led development of microwave and missile technology and is sometimes known as the father of the intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). He also developed General Electric's electron microscope and played prominent roles in the formation of two Fortune 500 companies, Ramo-Wooldridge (TRW) and Bunker Ramo Corporation.

Space Foundation
The Space Foundation is an American nonprofit organization, the mission of which is to advocate for all sectors of the global space industry through space awareness activities, educational programs, and major industry events. It was founded in 1983.
Mayasura
Maya (Sanskrit: मय) or Mayāsura (मयासुर), also called Maya Danava, is a figure in Hindu history, described as the king of the Danavas, a race of beings descending from Kashyapa and his wife Danu. He is known for his architectural expertise, credited with creating the Mayasabha (Hall of Illusions) for the Pandavas and Tripura (Three cities) for the sons of Tarakasura. In the Ramayana, he is mentioned as the father-in-law of Ravana. He is presented as an architect of Maya (the illusory material reality). In the Surya Siddhanta 1.02, Mayāsura is described as a Daitya who received divine astronomical knowledge from the Sun God sometime around the end of Satya Yuga.

Tārakāsura
Tarakasura (Sanskrit: तारकासुर) is a powerful asura in Hindu mythology. He is the son of the asura Vajranga and his wife Vajrangi. Taraka had three sons: Tarakaksha, Vidyunmali, and Kamalaksha, who were known as the Tripurasura. He is slain by Kartikeya.
Rocktenors
Rocktenors is a Hungarian rock band from Szigetszentmiklos formed in 2010, which was started by the second season of the RTL Klub series X-Faktor, and came in sixth place, and subsequently became one of the most successful groups in the series.

Szigetszentmiklós
Szigetszentmiklós (Hungarian: [ˈsiɡɛt.sɛntmikloːʃ]]; German: Nigglau) is a city in Pest County, Hungary, in the northern part of Csepel Island with around 40,000 inhabitants. As part of the Budapest metropolitan area, it has developed dynamically in recent decades, becoming a significant residential and economic hub. Its geographical location is unique, as the town lies on the banks of the Ráckevei-Duna , surrounded by a diverse array of natural habitats. The town is bordered to the north by Budapest's XXI. district, to the east by the Ráckevei-Duna, to the south by Szigethalom, and to the west by Halásztelek.
Karina Buttner
Karina Rebeca Buttner Naumann (born 1983) is a Paraguayan model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Universo Paraguay 2005 and represented Paraguay at Miss Universe 2005 but unplaced. She was previously crowned Miss Mundo Paraguay 2003 and competed at Miss World 2003 in China but unplaced.

Miss Universe 2005
Miss Universe 2005 was the 54th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Impact Arena in Nonthaburi Province, Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand, on 31 May 2005.

At the end of the event, Jennifer Hawkins of Australia crowned Natalie Glebova of Canada as Miss Universe 2005. It is Canada's first victory in twenty-three years, and the second victory in the pageant's history.

Contestants from eighty-one countries and territories competed in this year's pageant. The competition was hosted by Billy Bush and Nancy O'Dell.