hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuen-Ying Chan
Yuen-Ying Chan (Chinese: 陳婉瑩; pinyin: Chén Wǎnyíng; Cantonese Yale: Chan4 Yun2-ying4, also known as Ying Chan) is a Hong Kong–based journalist and journalism academic whose investigative work and subsequent successful defence of a libel suit helped establish Taiwanese media freedom.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Balistomorphus
Balistomorphus is an extinct genus of prehistoric triggerfish during the early Oligocene epoch in what is now Canton Glarus, Switzerland, where fossils are known from the Matt Formation. It inhabited the marine environment of the Paratethys.

The following species are known. All were formerly placed in the preoccupied genus Acanthoderma:

B. orbiculatus (Heer, 1865)

B. ovalis (Agassiz, 1842)

B. spinosus (Agassiz, 1842)

Woodward (1901) considered all species synonymous with B. spinosus, but later studies have retained them all as distinct.

Arthur Smith Woodward
Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, FRS (23 May 1864 – 2 September 1944) was an English palaeontologist, known as a world expert in fossil fish. He also described the Piltdown Man fossils, which were later determined to be fraudulent. He is not related to Henry Woodward, whom he replaced as curator of the Geology Department of the British Museum of Natural History.
Horses in Greece
Horses have had a significant place in the history and culture of Greece since ancient times. They appear frequently in the literature, art and mythology of the Mycenaean and later civilisations of Ancient Greece.

As in other European countries, the number of horses in the country fell sharply in the twentieth century with the advent of motor transport. In the twenty-first century there are six recognised horse breeds and several feral populations of various sizes.

Culture of Greece
The culture of Greece has evolved over thousands of years, beginning in Minoan and later in Mycenaean Greece, continuing most notably into Classical Greece, while influencing the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire.  Other cultures and states such as the Frankish states, the Ottoman Empire, the Venetian Republic and Bavarian and Danish monarchies have also left their influence on modern Greek culture.

Modern democracies owe a debt to Greek beliefs in government by the people, trial by jury, and equality under the law. The ancient Greeks pioneered in many fields that rely on systematic thought, including biology, geometry, history, philosophy, and physics. They introduced important literary forms as epic and lyric poetry, history, tragedy, and comedy. In their pursuit of order and proportion, the Greeks created an ideal of beauty that strongly influenced Western art.
Football at the 1997 Island Games
Football was contested as part of the programme for the 1997 Island Games which was hosted in Jersey from 28 June to 4 July 1997. It was the fifth edition of the men's football tournament at the multi-sport event organised by the International Island Games Association.

The football tournament began with the first matches in the group stage on 29 June 1997 and ended with the gold medal match on 4 July 1997. Hosts Jersey and Ynys Môn contested the final. Lee Bramley scored the only goal of the match as Jersey won the gold medal and equalled the Faroe Islands record by winning the gold medal for a second time. In the bronze medal match, defending champions the Isle of Wight defeated Guernsey 3–1.

Gibraltar national football team
The Gibraltar national football team represents Gibraltar in men's international football competitions, and is controlled by the Gibraltar Football Association. Gibraltar applied for full Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) membership and was accepted by the UEFA Congress in May 2013. It can therefore compete in the UEFA European Championship starting with the 2016 tournament for which the team competed in UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying Group D. On 13 May 2016 Gibraltar became a member of FIFA at the governing body's 66th Congress which was held in Mexico City. Gibraltar is the second smallest UEFA member in terms of population (only San Marino has a smaller population) and the smallest in terms of area.

Despite not being an island, Gibraltar set up its first official side for the football competition at the 1993 Island Games and has been a regular in the tournament, winning the 2007 edition.
Nathan Barrett (ice hockey)
Nathan Barrett (born August 3, 1981) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. Barrett was selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the 8th round (241st overall) of the 2000 NHL Entry Draft.

Between 2002 and 2006, Barrett played 257 games in the American Hockey League (AHL) with the St. John's Maple Leafs and Norfolk Admirals.

St. John's Maple Leafs
The St. John's Maple Leafs were a minor ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, at Memorial Stadium from 1991 to 2001, and at Mile One Stadium from 2001 to 2005. The team was also colloquially known as the "Baby Leafs" after their parent NHL team, the Toronto Maple Leafs.

While the AHL had a strong presence in Atlantic Canada in the 1980s and 1990s, largely due to the desire of several National Hockey League Canadian franchises to continue to pay players sent down to the minors in Canadian dollars, by 2004, St. John's was the last remaining team in the region prior to its relocation to Ontario.
Volger Branch
Volger Branch is a stream in Atchison County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Rock Creek.

The stream headwaters arise at 40°25′15″N 95°27′56″W﻿ / ﻿40.42083°N 95.46556°W﻿ / 40.42083; -95.46556 at an elevation of approximately 1080 feet just southwest of the junction of U.S. Route 136 and Missouri Route J. The stream flows to the southwest to its confluence with Rock Creek approximately one mile south of the city of Rock Port at 40°23′45″N 95°30′36″W﻿ / ﻿40.39583°N 95.51000°W﻿ / 40.39583; -95.51000 and an elevation of 912 feet.

Volger apparently is a corruption of Vogler, the surname of a pioneer settler.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Ostatni wojownik
Ostatni wojownik is the fourth studio album by the Polish heavy metal band Turbo. It was released in 1987 in Poland through Pronit. The album was recorded in May–September 1987 at Giełda studio, Poznań. The cover art was created by Jerzy Kurczak. The album was also issued as a cassette by Polton, with different cover artwork. The 2001 rerelease of Ostatni wojownik has a bonus track and a different song order.

The English version of the album entitled Last Warrior was released in 1988 in Germany through Noise Records. The album was recorded in March 1988 at Musiclab Studio in Germany. The cover art was created by Don Maitz, and photos by Maciej Głowaczewski.

Polton (record label)
Polton was a music record label, established in Poland in 1983. It was one of the three (together with Savitor and Arston) better known Polonia-assisted Polish record labels.

In 1990-1991 it was acquiredby Starstream Communications Group and eventually by Warner Music Group (Polton / Warner Music Poland), the latter eventually closed its office in Poland.
Corporate welfare
Corporate welfare refers to government financial assistance, subsidies, tax breaks, or other favorable policies provided to private businesses or specific industries, ostensibly to promote economic growth, job creation, or other public benefits. This support can take various forms, including tax credits, tax deductions, tax exemptions, government contracts, preferential regulatory treatment, debt write-offs, public-private partnerships, bailout programs, discount schemes, deferrals, low-interest loans or loan guarantees, direct subsidies or public grants.

The definition of corporate welfare is sometimes restricted to direct government subsidies of major corporations, excluding tax loopholes and all manner of regulatory and trade decisions.

Tax credit
A tax credit is a tax incentive which allows certain taxpayers to subtract the amount of the credit they have accrued from the total they owe the state. It may also be a credit granted in recognition of taxes already paid or a form of state "discount" applied in certain cases. Another way to think of a tax credit is as a rebate.
Pickerill
Pickerill is an English surname.

Notable people with this surname include:

Cecily Pickerill (1903-1988), New Zealand surgeon

Clive Pickerill (born 1956), English rugby player

Henry Percy Pickerill (1879–1956), New Zealand surgeon

Jenny Pickerill (born 1973), British environmental geographer

Terrie Pickerill, American political strategist

William Pickerill, also spelled William Pikerell, English academic

Jenny Pickerill
Jenny Pickerill (born 23 November 1973) is a Professor of Environmental Geography and Head of Department at the University of Sheffield. Her work considers how people value and use the environment, the impact of social justice on environmental policy and establishing ways to change social practise.
Ambuyat
Ambuyat is a dish derived from the interior trunk of the sago palm. It is a starchy, bland substance similar to tapioca. Ambuyat is the national dish of Brunei, and it is also popular in the Malaysian states of Sarawak and Sabah as well as the federal territory of Labuan, where it is sometimes known as linut.

Tapioca
Tapioca (/ˌtæpiˈoʊkə/; Portuguese: [tapiˈɔkɐ]) is a starch extracted from the tubers of the cassava plant (Manihot esculenta, also known as manioc), a species native to the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, but which is now found in West Africa, Southeast Asia, and elsewhere. It is a perennial shrub adapted to the hot conditions of tropical lowlands. Cassava copes better with poor soils than many other food plants.

Tapioca is a staple food for millions of people in tropical countries. It provides only carbohydrate food value, and is low in protein, vitamins, and minerals. In other countries, it is used as a thickening agent in various manufactured foods.
Ariolica
Ariolica was the name of several different places in ancient geography:

Pontarlier, France

Ariolica (Aulerci), an important settlement of the Aulerci Brannovices tribe in the Lugdunensis region of Gaul, identified with La Pacaudière, France (or alternatively with the nearby Avrilly)

Ariolica (Alpes Graiae), a Roman station probably located at or near La Thuile, Italy

also called Ardelica (or Arilica or Arelica), now modern Peschiera del Garda, Italy

Avrilly, Allier
Avrilly (French pronunciation: [avʁiji] ⓘ) is a commune of the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Avrillois or Avrilloises.
Matthew Ball (politician)
Matthew Ball is an American politician who is member of the Colorado State Senate, representing the 31st district since 2025.

Ball was elected by a vacancy committee in January 2025 following the resignation of Chris Hansen, who had been re-elected two months earlier. Previously, he served as Policy Director for the city of Denver.

Ball is a fifth generation Coloradoan. He is a veteran and reservist in the United States Army.

Colorado Senate
The Colorado State Senate is the upper house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Colorado. It is composed of 35 members elected from single-member districts, with each district having a population of about 123,000 as of the 2000 census. Senators are elected to four-year terms, and are limited to two consecutive terms in office. Senators who are term-limited become eligible to run again after a one-term (four year) respite.

The Colorado Senate convenes at the State Capitol in Denver.
Atta Cave
The Atta Cave (German: Atta-Höhle) or Attendorn Dripstone Cave (Attendorner Tropfsteinhöhle) in Attendorn is one of the largest dripstone caves in Germany.

The cave was discovered during the quarrying of limestone at the Bigge Valley Limestone Works (Biggetaler Kalkwerk) on 19 July 1907 and was opened up by the owners to tourists that same year. Today the Atta Cave is the most-visited show cave in Germany, receiving around 350,000 tourists per year, and is an important economic factor for the town.

Amongst its attractions are numerous calc-sinter flowstone drapes, colourfully tinctured by iron oxides. There are also many stalactites, stalagmites and stalagnates. Several pieces of calcite crystal formations were moved into the public area of the cave in order to be displayed there.

Calcareous sinter
Calcareous sinter is a freshwater calcium carbonate deposit, also known as calc-sinter. Deposits are characterised by low porosity and well-developed lamination, often forming crusts or sedimentary rock layers. Calcareous sinter should not be confused with siliceous sinter, which the term sinter more frequently refers to. It has been suggested that the term "sinter" should be restricted to siliceous spring deposits and be dropped for calcareous deposits entirely.
Sofia Quaglioni
Sofia Quaglioni is a nuclear physicist. She is Deputy Group Leader at the Nuclear Data and Theory Group in the Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and is a member of the DOE Topical Collaboration on Double Decay and Fundamental Symmetries.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Muchkapsky District
Muchkapsky District  (Russian: Мучка́пский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The district borders with Inzhanovsky District in the north, Romanovsky District of Saratov Oblast in the east, Gribanovsky District of Voronezh Oblast in the south, and with Uvarovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,181 square kilometers (456 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Muchkapsky. Population: 15,177 (2010 Census);  18,257 (2002 Census); 20,746 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 46.6% of the district's total population.

Tambov Oblast
Tambov Oblast (Russian: Тамбовская область, IPA: [tɐmˈbofskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tambov. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,091,994.
Shahrak-e Gharb
Shahrak-e Gharb or Gharb Town (Persian: شهرک غرب – Šahrak e Gharb, "West Town"), officially Qods Town (Persian: شهرک قدس – Šahrak e Qods, "Quds (Jerusalem) Town"), is a planned town built as a massive project of modern, luxury apartment buildings and villas in the north-western part of Tehran, Iran.

Hemmat Expressway
Hemmat Expressway is a route in Tehran, Iran. It starts from Pasdaran Avenue junction and goes west. It passes Haghani Expressway, Kordestan Expressway, Milad Tower, Ashrafi Esfahani Expressway and Ziba Shahr in Western Tehran and ends into an intersection with Azadegan Expressway and Tehran-Shomal Freeway.

It is named after Iran-Iraq war hero Mohammad Ebrahim Hemmat.

Source:|OpenStreetMap Contributions
Italy men's national under-16 and under-17 basketball team
The Italy men's national under-16 and under-17 basketball team is a national basketball team of Italy, administered by the Italian Basketball Federation. It represents the country in international under-16 and under-17 men's basketball competitions.

The team regularly competes at the FIBA U16 EuroBasket, and also won one silver medal at the FIBA U17 World Cup.

FIBA U16 EuroBasket
The FIBA U16 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U16 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Cadets is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-16 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1971, and was held biennially until 2003. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-17 World Cup in odd numbered years. The current champions are Serbia.
Ernst Franz Ludwig Marschall von Bieberstein
Ernst Marschall von Bieberstein (2 August 1770 - 22 January 1834) served as  Chief Minister (Staatsminister) of the Duchy of Nassau between 1806 and 1834.    Between 1806 he was one of two chief ministers of Nassau, but after the resignation of Hans Christoph Ernst von Gagern (apparently as an unintended consequence of a new imperial decree), Marschall von Bieberstein became in effect the sole leading politician in Nassau in 1809.   During his early years he pursued a liberal course, but as conservatism returned to favour after the fall of Napoleon, his approach became strikingly more "restorationist".

Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse
Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse (14 June 1753 – 6 April 1830) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (as Louis X) and later the first Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.

Louis was the son of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and succeeded his father in 1790. He presided over a significant increase in territory for Hesse-Darmstadt during the imperial reorganizations of 1801–1803, most notably the Duchy of Westphalia, hitherto subject to the Archbishop of Cologne. Allied to Napoleon I of France, Louis in 1806 was elevated to the title of a Grand Duke of Hesse and joined the Confederation of the Rhine, leading to the dissolution of the Empire. At the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15, Louis had to give up his Westphalian territories, but was compensated with the district of Rheinhessen on the left bank of the Rhine. Because of this addition, he amended his title to Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.
Barbieri (footballer)
Jorge Luiz Barbieri (born May 1, 1979), or simply Barbieri, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as an offensive midfielder. His previous clubs include ADAP, Ulsan Hyundai in South Korea, Santo André, Cianorte, Marília, Figueirense, Etti Jundiaí, São Paulo FC, Vitória and Ceará.

Ulsan HD FC
Ulsan HD FC (Korean: 울산 HD FC), formerly Ulsan Hyundai FC, is a South Korean professional football club based in Ulsan that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Founded in 1983 as Hyundai Horang-i, they joined the K League in 1984. Their home ground is Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium. The club is owned by HD Hyundai Heavy Industries.

Ulsan HD have won the league title five times, most recently in 2024, and the Korean FA Cup once, in 2017. At the international level, they have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2012 and 2020, and are the only club to have won the tournament twice without defeat.
Perfect Propose
Perfect Propose (Japanese: パーフェクトプロポーズ, Hepburn: Pāfekuto Puropōzu) is a Japanese manga series by Mayo Tsurukame. It was serialized in the monthly boys' love manga magazine Gush from May 7, 2019, to July 7, 2020.

A live-action television drama adaptation was broadcast on Fuji TV On Demand from February 2, 2024, to March 1, 2024. The television drama was compiled and re-released as a theatrical film under the title Perfect Propose: Dream Edition.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
NCAA Division I men's golf tournament all-time individual records
The following is a list of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college golf individual statistics and records through the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship. The NCAA began sponsoring the national collegiate championship in 1939. Before that year the event was conducted by the National Intercollegiate Golf Association.

Ben Crenshaw
Ben Daniel Crenshaw (born January 11, 1952) is an American retired professional golfer who has won 19 events on the PGA Tour, including two major championships: the Masters Tournament in 1984 and 1995. Nicknamed Gentle Ben, Crenshaw is widely regarded as one of the best putters in golf history.
1892–93 Bristol & District League
The 1892–93 season was the first in the history of the Bristol & District League, which was renamed the Western League in 1895. Nine clubs formed the new league, which consisted of a single division. Wells City joined the league from the Somerset Senior League, of which they had been champions twice. Warmley were the first champions of the new league.

Wells City F.C.
Wells City F.C. are a football club based in Wells, Somerset, England. The club is affiliated to the Somerset County FA. They are currently members of the Western League Division One and play at the Athletic Ground.