hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Weak coloring
In graph theory, a weak coloring is a special case of a graph labeling. A weak k-coloring of a graph G = (V, E) assigns a color c(v) ∈ {1, 2, ..., k} to each vertex v ∈ V, such that each non-isolated vertex  is adjacent to at least one vertex with different color. In notation, for each non-isolated v ∈ V, there is a vertex u ∈ V with {u, v} ∈ E and c(u) ≠ c(v).

The figure on the right shows a weak 2-coloring of a graph. Each dark vertex (color 1) is adjacent to at least one light vertex (color 2) and vice versa.

Iterated logarithm
In computer science, the iterated logarithm of , written log*  (usually read "log star"), is the number of times the logarithm function must be  iteratively applied before the result is less than or equal to . The simplest formal definition is the result of this recurrence relation:

In computer science, lg* is often used to indicate the binary iterated logarithm, which iterates the binary logarithm (with base ) instead of the natural logarithm (with base e). Mathematically, the iterated logarithm is well defined for any base greater than , not only for base  and base e. The "super-logarithm" function  is "essentially equivalent" to the base  iterated logarithm (although differing in minor details of rounding) and forms an inverse to the operation of tetration.
KGLA (AM)
KGLA (830 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Norco, Louisiana, and serving the New Orleans metropolitan area. The station is owned by Crocodile Broadcasting and airs a Spanish-language tropical radio format, known as "Tropical 105.7."  The studios and offices are on the Interstate 10 Service Road in Metairie, Louisiana.  The transmitter is on Lower Guide Levee Road in Laplace, off Interstate 10.

KGLA has a power of 5,000 watts in the daytime.  Because 830 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WCCO in Minneapolis, KGLA must reduce power at night to 750 watts to avoid interference.  Programming is carried on two FM translators, 94.7 W234DH in Baton Rouge and 105.7 K289AM in Timberlane.

Metairie, Louisiana
Metairie (/ˈmɛtəri/ MET-ər-ee) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, United States, and is part of the New Orleans metropolitan area. With a population of 143,507 in 2020, Metairie is the largest community in Jefferson Parish, the fifth-largest CDP in the United States, and the largest outside Clark County, Nevada. It is an unincorporated area that (as of 2020) would have been Louisiana's fourth-largest city behind Shreveport if incorporated.
Main Prem Ki Diwani Hoon
Main Prem Ki Diwani Hoon (English: I am crazy about Prem), is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language musical romance film directed by Sooraj Barjatya and produced by Rajshri Productions. The film is a remake of the 1976 Hindi film Chitchor, which itself is based on Subodh Ghosh's Bengali short story Chittachakor. It stars Hrithik Roshan, Kareena Kapoor and Abhishek Bachchan in lead roles. It was released on 27 June 2003 to negative reviews from critics, and was declared as a commercial failure. However, Bachchan's performance was well received and earned him a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor at the 49th Filmfare Awards.

Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role. Although the awards started in 1954, awards for the best supporting actor category started only in 1955. As of 2023, Anil Kapoor leads the list, with four wins. Vivek Oberoi (Company, 2003) holds the record for being the youngest recipient of the award, whereas Anil Kapoor has the record for being the oldest (Jugjugg Jeeyo, 2023). Abhishek Bachchan holds the record for winning the award thrice consecutively (2005, 2006 & 2007).
MetroCentre
Metrocentre (previously styled as MetroCentre) is a shopping centre and entertainment complex in the Dunston area of Gateshead. It is located on the former site of Dunston Power Station, near to the River Tyne.

Metrocentre opened in stages, with the first phase opening on 28 April 1986, and the official opening being held on 14 October that year. It has 210 shops, 63 restaurants, an Odeon cinema, a Clip n’ Climb, a bowling alley, a Namco Funscape, The Escapologist and Treetop Golf, occupying over 2,000,000 sq ft (190,000 m2) of retail floor space, making it one of the largest shopping centres in the UK. Additional retail space can be found in the adjoining Metro Retail Park and MetrOasis.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Katharine Cook
Katharine, Lady Cook CMG OBE (née Timpson; 1863 – 17 May 1938) was a British medical missionary who worked in Uganda. She co-founded the Church Missionary Society Hospital at Mengo, which opened in May 1897, and served as its matron until 1911. In 1918, she began training midwives via the Maternity Training School in Namirembe, which she founded. She later became consulting physician to the Government European Hospital in Kampala.

Protectorate of Uganda
The Protectorate of Uganda was a protectorate of the British Empire from 1894 to 1962. In 1893 the Imperial British East Africa Company transferred its administration rights of territory consisting mainly of the Kingdom of Buganda to the British government.

In 1894 the Uganda Protectorate was established, and the territory was extended beyond the borders of Buganda to an area that roughly corresponds to that of present-day Uganda.
Carabajal
Carbajal (or Carabajal) was the name of a family of Marranos in Mexico at the end of the sixteenth century and the beginning of the seventeenth, all connected with Don Luis de Carabajal y Cueva, governor of Nuevo León. Several members of the family suffered martyrdom at the stake for Judaizing. Still today the family name Carbajal belongs to families in almost all Hispanic America.

Francisca Nuñez de Carabajal

Luis de Carabajal y Cueva, sometimes called Luis de Carabajal the younger

Luis de Carvajal the Younger
Luis de Carvajal the Younger (Spanish: Luis de Carvajal el Mozo, c. 1566 – 8 December 1596) was a Spanish-born Crypto-Jewish writer. He was the nephew of the conquistador Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva, who was the governor of New Mexico, and was brought to Mexico at a young age. In Mexico, he began to practice Judaism in secret alongside his family, and additionally kept memoirs of his life. His writings are the earliest known to be written by a Jew in the Americas. He was executed as a martyr of the Jewish faith by the Spanish Inquisition in 1596.
Ami Kothay Pabo Tare
Ami Kothay Pabo Tare (Bengali: আমি কোথায় পাবো তারে, "Where shall I meet him") is a Bangladeshi folk song whose lyrics and tune were written by Baul singer Gagan Harkara The melody of the hymn Amar Sonar Bangla, national anthem of Bangladesh, written by Rabindranath Tagore, is derived from this song.

Bangladeshi folk literature
Bangladeshi Folk Literature (Bengali: বাংলাদেশী লোক সাহিত্য) constitutes a considerable portion of Bengali literature. Though it was created by illiterate communities and passed down orally from one generation to another it tends to flourish Bengali literature. Individual folk literature became a collective product and assumes the traditions, emotions, thoughts and values of the community.
Blunt Cove
Blunt Cove (66°54′S 108°48′E﻿ / ﻿66.900°S 108.800°E﻿ / -66.900; 108.800) is a cove in the southwest extremity of Vincennes Bay. First mapped (1955) by G.D. Blodgett from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1947), it was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Simon F. Blunt, Passed Midshipman on the sloop Vincennes during the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes.

Passed midshipman
A passed midshipman, sometimes called as "midshipman, passed", is a term used historically in the 19th century to describe a midshipman who had passed the lieutenant's exam and was eligible for promotion to lieutenant as soon as there was a vacancy in that grade.
Dhamali
Dhamali was a village in Achham District in the Seti Zone (currently Koshi province) of western Nepal. It was then merged into the Turmakhand Rural Municipality along with Bhairabsthan, Turmakhad, Nada, Raniban, Toshi VDCs when the new constitution was introduced in 2015AD. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 3212 living in 638 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 4111, of which 25% was literate.

Seti Zone
Seti (Nepali: सेती अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones located in the Far-Western Development Region of Nepal. Dhangadhi in the Terai is the major city of Seti Zone; headquarters are in Dipayal-Silgadhi. As of 2015, Nepal discontinued zone designations in favor of provinces; the area previously known as Seti Zone is now part of Sudurpashchim Province.
Chittagong Nursing College
Chittagong Nursing College is a public nursing institution located in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is located in Panchlaish area and is on the western side of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. The institute was established in 2007. Earlier it was the Nursing Department of Chittagong Medical College.

It is recognized by the Bangladesh Nursing and Midwifery Council, and offers a diploma in midwifery and a B.Sc. in nursing.

Sheikh Hasina, in her second term as prime minister, emphasized secularizing education. As a result, the college was one of several educational institutions to enforce a student dress code that banned the wearing of a hijab (headscarf) or niqab (face veil). In 2012, some students demonstrated against the restriction. Anjali Rani Debi, a teacher who spoke in favor of the ban, was murdered in January 2015, allegedly by an Islamic extremist.

Bangladesh Nursing and Midwifery Council
Bangladesh Nursing and Midwifery Council (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নার্সিং ও মিডওয়াইফারি কাউন্সিল) is a Bangladesh government regulatory agency under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare responsible for nursing services and education. Halima Akhter is the head of the council.
Archibald Blair (burgess)
Archibald Blair (c. 1665 – March 4, 1733) was a Scottish-born physician, merchant, planter and politician. Born in Roxburghshire, he moved to the English colony of Virginia in the 1690s. Blair served in the House of Burgesses multiple times, alternately representing the colony's capital and surrounding county. He may be confused with a distant collateral relative, Archibald Blair, who became clerk of the Virginia Governor's Council in 1776 and served for more than 25 years.

Virginia Governor's Council
The Governor's Council, also known as the Privy Council and Council of State, was the upper house of the legislature of the Colony of Virginia (the House of Burgesses being the other house). It also served as an advisory body to the royal governor and as the highest judicial body in the colony. Beginning in the 1630s, its 12 members were appointed by the British sovereign. After Virginia declared its independence from Great Britain in 1776, members were appointed by the General Assembly, and most of their powers were redistributed to the newly formed Senate of Virginia and the state's judiciary. The Council was formally abolished after delegates to the 1850 Virginia constitutional convention voted to enact what became known as the "Reform Constitution," which vested many of its remaining functions in the popularly elected offices of Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and Attorney General.
Gerasimus I of Constantinople
Gerasimus I of Constantinople (Greek: Γεράσιμος, romanized: Gerasimos; died 20 April 1321) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1320 to 1321.

He was born in Philadelphia and became abbot of the prestigious Mangana Monastery in Constantinople. He was elected as patriarch at an advanced age and died on 20 April 1321.

He became Patriarch during the reign of Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos; the Emperor found him to be "docile".

Andronikos II Palaiologos
Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Andrónikos Doúkās Ángelos Komnēnós Palaiológos; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328. His reign marked the beginning of the recently restored empire's final decline. The Turks conquered most of Byzantium's remaining Anatolian territories, and Andronikos spent the last years of his reign fighting his own grandson in the First Palaiologan Civil War. The war ended in Andronikos' forced abdication in 1328, after which he retired to a monastery for the remainder of his life.
Cowlam
Cowlam is a hamlet in the civil parish of Cottam, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, and in the Yorkshire Wolds. The hamlet is on the B1253 Bridlington to North Grimston road, 17 miles (30 km) north from the county town of Beverley, 2 miles (3 km) east from the village of Sledmere, and 2.5 miles (4 km) north-west from the parish hamlet of Cottam. The hamlet contains eight houses and two farms.

North Grimston
North Grimston is a village in the civil parish of Birdsall, in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated between Norton-on-Derwent and Wharram-le-Street on the B1248 road. In 1931 the parish had a population of 143. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Birdsall.
Libertina
Libertina  was a town of the Roman province of Byzacena in North Africa during the Roman Empire. The town is tentatively identified with ruins near Souc-El-Arba, Tunisia.

The town was also the seat of a Christian bishopric, which survives as an ancient suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church in North Africa.
During the 5th century the Catholic Bishop Victor and his Donatist rival, bishop Januarius, exchanged heated words at the Council of Carthage in 411. There appears to have been sectarian violence in Libertina during the lead up to the council.

The current bishop Andreas Laun of  Salzburg, Austria. resigned in October 2017.

Andreas Laun
Andreas Laun (13 October 1942 – 31 December 2024) was an Austrian Roman Catholic prelate. He was auxiliary Bishop of Salzburg from 1995 to 2017 and titular bishop of Libertina from 1995 until his death on 31 December 2024, at the age of 82.
I and Thou (band)
I and Thou is a progressive rock group that is primarily a solo effort from Jason Hart (keyboardist for Renaissance, and Camel) with supporting musicians John Galgano (bassist for IZZ), Matt Johnson (drummer for Jeff Buckley, and Rufus Wainwright), and Jack Petruzzelli (guitarist for Patti Smith and The Fab Faux).  Hart stated in an interview that the name was chosen to pay homage to the Martin Buber book, I and Thou.

Martin Buber
Martin Buber (pronounced [ˈmaʁtiːn̩ ˈbuːbɐ] ⓘ; Hebrew: מרטין בובר, Yiddish: מארטין בובער; 8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian-Israeli philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue, a form of existentialism centered on the distinction between the I–Thou relationship and the I–It relationship. Born in Vienna, Buber came from a family of observant Jews, but broke with Jewish custom to pursue secular studies in philosophy. He produced writings about Zionism and worked with various bodies within the Zionist movement extensively over a nearly 50-year period spanning his time in Europe and the Near East. In 1923, Buber wrote his famous essay on existence, Ich und Du (later translated into English as I and Thou), and in 1925 he began translating the Hebrew Bible into the German language.

He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times, and the Nobel Peace Prize seven times.
Deledda Museum
The Deledda Museum, called also Museo Deleddiano in italian, is the birthplace of the italian author and 1926 literature Nobel prize Grazia Deledda at Nuoro, Sardinia, and today dedicated to her memory.

1926 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1926 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Italian author Grazia Deledda "for her idealistically inspired writings, which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general." She was the second Italian and second female Nobel laureate in literature.
Timiryazevsky District
Timiryazevsky District  (Russian: Тимирязевский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Northern Administrative Okrug, and one of the 125 raions of Moscow, Russia.  The district is known for its public parks - Timiryazavsky Park and the Dubki Park - and the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy.  The total area of the district is 10.43 square kilometers (4.03 sq mi).  Population: 82,800 (2017 est.)

Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (full name in Russian: Российский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) is one of the oldest agrarian educational institutions in Moscow, Russia. It was founded on December 3, 1865. It is under the Supervisory of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture. It was named for Kliment Timiryazev, a Russian botanist and physiologist and proponent of evolution by natural selection. Prior to this it was called the Petrovsky Agricultural Academy.
Ikisan Chōshizuka Kofun
The Ikisan Chōshizuka Kofun (一貴山銚子塚古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the  Nijo-Tanaka neighborhood of the city of Itoshima, Fukuoka Prefecture Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1957. It is the largest kofun on the Genkai Sea coast.

Genkai Sea
The Genkai Sea (玄界灘, Genkai-nada)  is a body of water that comprises the southwestern tip of the Sea of Japan and borders the northern coasts of Fukuoka and Saga prefectures. It is the part of Korea Strait that lies between Kyushu and Iki Island.
GW2.8TC
The GW2.8TC is an engine developed and built by Great Wall Motor in China with cooperation from Bosch. It is a four-stroke common rail diesel engine that produces 70 kW (94 hp) at 3600 rpm and 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) at 2600 rpm. It is used in the Great Wall Hovercraft and the Great Wall Wingle. It is also China's first high-pressure common rail diesel engine.

Bosch (company)
Robert Bosch GmbH (/bɒʃ/; German: [bɔʃ] ⓘ), commonly known as Bosch (styled BOSCH), is a German multinational engineering and technology company headquartered in Gerlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The company was founded by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart in 1886. Bosch is 94% owned by the Robert Bosch Stiftung, a charitable institution. Although the charity is funded by owning the vast majority of shares, it has no voting rights and is involved in health and social causes unrelated to Bosch's business.

Bosch's core operating areas are spread across four business sectors: mobility (hardware and software), consumer goods (including household appliances and power tools), industrial technology (including drive and control), and energy and building technology.

In terms of revenue, Bosch is the largest automotive supplier. From 2025 onwards, Bosch faced massive economic problems in the automotive sector, because global sales of German cars are declining.
2024 PEI Tankard
The 2024 PEI Tankard, the men's provincial curling championship for Prince Edward Island, was held from January 25 to 28 at the Summerside Curling Club in Summerside, Prince Edward Island. The event was held in conjunction with the 2024 Prince Edward Island Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's championship.

The winning Tyler Smith rink represented Prince Edward Island at the 2024 Montana's Brier in Regina, Saskatchewan where they finished tied for third in Pool B with a 5–3 record. Smith and his rink almost became the first team from PEI to make the playoffs since Peter MacDonald in 1996, but PEI lost their final round robin game, a winner-take-all game against Jamie Koe's Northwest Territories rink in an extra end 9–8.

Summerside, Prince Edward Island
Summerside is a Canadian city in Prince County, Prince Edward Island, Canada, consisting of the amalgamated communities of Summerside, St Eleanors, and Wilmot. It is the second largest city in the province and the primary service centre for the western part of the island.
Jessica Merchant
Jessica Merchant (born 1983) is an American softball coach and former softball player. She is currently the associate head coach of the Stanford Cardinal softball team. She previously served as an assistant coach with the Minnesota Golden Gophers and UMass Minutewomen. She played professional softball in the National Pro Fastpitch (NPF) league for the New England Riptide for three seasons, and for the Connecticut Brakettes for one season. While playing for the Brakettes in 2006, she was named NPF Offensive Player of the Year.

Merchant also played college softball as a shortstop for the Michigan Wolverines softball team, from 2002 to 2005. She was the captain of the 2005 Michigan Wolverines softball team that won the 2005 Women's College World Series.

Stanford Cardinal softball
The Stanford Cardinal softball team represents Stanford University in NCAA Division I college softball.  The team participates in the Atlantic Coast Conference. The Cardinal are currently led by head coach Jessica Allister. The team plays its home games at Stanford Softball Stadium located on the university's campus. However, due to renovations, the Cardinal played its 2025 home games at Stanford Stadium, the university's on-campus football venue.
PHM Racing
PHM Racing is a German auto racing team competing in a variety of junior open-wheel series. It started racing in 2022 after taking over Mücke Motorsport's Formula 4 assets and later entered Formula Regional, FIA Formula 3 and FIA Formula 2, the latter two initially in collaboration with Charouz. The F2 and F3 operations were bought out by financial services firm AIX Investment Group and became AIX Racing in May 2024.

Formula Regional
Formula Regional (FR) is an FIA-approved moniker for certified regional one-make Formula Three championships with the concept being approved during the FIA World Motor Sport Council meeting in December 2017. The first series under new regulations were launched in Asia and North America in 2018, followed by European counterpart in 2019 and Japanese in 2020. On 13 December 2022, the Toyota Racing Series was rebranded as the Formula Regional Oceania Championship.

This step of the FIA Global Pathway ladder serves to close the performance gap between Formula 4 (160 bhp) and global Formula 3 Championship (380 bhp), being powered by 270 bhp engines.
Ahmad Pournejati
Ahmad Pournejati (Persian: احمد پورنجاتی) is an Iranian reformist politician who served a member of the Parliament of Iran from 2000 to 2004 representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr.

He was also a deputy director of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting.

Iranian reformists
The Reformists (Persian: اصلاح‌طلبان, romanized: Eslâh-Talabân) are an Islamic liberal political faction in Iran. Iran's "reform era" is sometimes said to have lasted from 1997 to 2005—the length of President Mohammad Khatami's two terms in office. The Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front is the main umbrella organization and coalition within the movement; however, there are reformist groups not aligned with the council, such as the Reformists Front. Masoud Pezeshkian, a reformist, was elected president following the 2024 Iranian presidential election, and was subsequently confirmed by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei on 28 July.