hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Katumba Songwe
Katumba Songwe, also Katumbasongwe, is an administrative ward in the Kyela District of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 8,615 people in the ward, from 13,895 in 2012.: 96 : 114

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Meat emulsion
Meat emulsion is a two-phase system, with the dispersed phase consisting of either solid or liquid fat particles and the continuous phase being the water containing salts and dissolved, gelled and suspended proteins. Thus, they can be classified as oil-in-water emulsion. Meat emulsion is not a true emulsion since the two phases involved are not liquids and the fat droplets in a commercial emulsion are larger than 50 μm in diameter and thus do not conform to one of the requirement of a classical emulsion. Common examples of meat emulsions include bologna, frankfurters, sausages, and meatloaf.

The continuous phase mainly consists of water, water-soluble proteins and salt-soluble proteins. The dispersed phase or discontinuous phase consists of fat droplets.

The water-soluble proteins are sarcoplasmic proteins such as myoglobin and other pigments; salt-soluble proteins are myofibrillar proteins such as myosin, actin, and actinins.

Bologna sausage
Bologna sausage, informally baloney (/bəˈloʊni/ bə-LOH-nee), is an American cooked sausage which is an imitation of genuine Italian mortadella Bologna PGI, a variety of mortadella, a large salume. Its seasonings, which include black pepper, nutmeg, allspice, celery seed, coriander, and myrtle berries, give it its flavor.

Similar imitations of mortadella Bologna include parizer (Parisian sausage) in Hungary, Romania, and the countries of the former Yugoslavia;  polony in Zimbabwe, Zambia, South Africa and Western Australia; devon in most states of Australia; and fritz in South Australia.

In North America, a simple and popular use is in the bologna sandwich. In the Southern United States, a bologna cake exists which is bologna slices layered with seasoned cream cheese to make the appearance of a cake.
Shufada
Shufada also known as Shufadaja, Shufadah, or Suffada, was a medieval trade port in northern Albania. It was near the mouth of a river with academics proposing Mat, Ishëm and Erzen. It was, at the time, one among a string of ports in Albania that enjoyed prosperity and economic significance until being abandoned at the start of the Ottoman period. A 1420 commercial treaty between Gjon Kastrioti and the Republic of Ragusa shows that Shufada was the main customs port for the former's domains.

Republic of Ragusa
The Republic of Ragusa was an aristocratic maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik (Ragusa in Italian and Latin; Raguxa in Venetian) in South Dalmatia (today in southernmost Croatia) in Southern Europe that carried that name from 1358 until 1808. It reached its commercial peak in the 15th and the 16th centuries, before being conquered by Napoleon's French Empire and formally annexed by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy in 1808. By then it had a population of about 30,000 people, of whom 5,000 lived within the city walls. Its motto was "Non bene pro toto libertas venditur auro", a Latin phrase which can be translated as "Liberty is not well sold for all the gold".
Sameh Youssef
Sameh Youssef (Arabic: سامح يوسف; born 1 February 1978) is an Egyptian former professional footballer. He is best known as a former striker for Zamalek. A versatile player, he has played in multiple positions including left-back. His other clubs in Egypt have included Al Mokawloon Al Arab SC, Al Ittihad Alexandria Club, and El Sekka El Hadid SC. As of 2017, he was the technical director for Al Mokawloon Al Arab.

Al Mokawloon Al Arab SC
Al Mokawloon Al Arab Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي المقاولون العرب الرياضي, romanized: Nādī l-Muqāwilūn al-ʿArab ar-Riyāḍī), known locally as Al Mokawloon, is an Egyptian professional sports club based in Nasr City and owned by Arab Contractors (Al Mokawloon Al Arab). The club is best known for their football team, which currently plays in the Egyptian Premier League.

The club over the years have produced some of the most famous and talented players in Egypt, including Abdel Sattar Sabry, Mohamed Salah, and Mohamed Elneny.
Paolo Fresu
Paolo Fresu (Sardinian: Pàulu; born 10 February 1961) is an Italian jazz trumpet and flugelhorn player, as well as a composer and arranger of music. His unique trumpet sound is recognized as one of the most distinctive in the contemporary jazz scene.

Fresu plays four distinct instruments: trumpet, flugelhorn, muted trumpet, and electronics. He selectively uses a t.c. electronic effects unit and "one from the past" by DigiTech, through this equipment, he see it as a way to go back in time. Fresu demonstrates his versatile trumpet skills through his rendition of Monteverdi's "Si dolce è il tormento" and Handel's aria "Lascia ch'io Pianga."

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
1940 Aldershot by-election
The 1940 Aldershot by-election was held on 26 November 1940.  The by-election was held due to the succession to the peerage of the incumbent Conservative MP, Roundell Palmer.  It was won unopposed by the Conservative candidate Oliver Lyttelton.

Roundell Palmer, 3rd Earl of Selborne
Roundell Cecil Palmer, 3rd Earl of Selborne, CH, PC (15 April 1887 – 3 September 1971), known as "Top Wolmer" and styled Viscount Wolmer from 1895 to 1941, was a British administrator, intelligence officer and Conservative politician.
Snow Lake lithium mine
Snow Lake lithium mine is a proposed lithium mine expected to be located on a 55,000-acre site 400 miles north of Winnipeg, Canada. The mine is proposed to be operated using 100% electric power, via hydropower and electric equipment. The mine intends to process the lithium ore into 6% spodumene. It signed a memorandum of understanding to supply Korean battery maker LG, at a nearby hydroxide processing plant.

The company hopes to supply around 160,000 tons of spodumene per year. The mine is planned to open in 2025 or 2026.

It will be a hard rock mine rather than processing lithium brine.

Electric mining equipment is to be supplied by Swedish company Epiroc.

The mine's 160,000-ton output is hoped to be sufficient to make batteries for around 500,000 electric cars annually.

The site is near the Arctic Gateway railway which offers transport to US manufacturing centers.

Hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile, and a catalyst. The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions. Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.
The corresponding electrically neutral compound HO• is the hydroxyl radical. The corresponding covalently bound group −OH of atoms is the hydroxy group.
Both the hydroxide ion and hydroxy group are nucleophiles and can act as catalysts in organic chemistry.

Many inorganic substances which bear the word hydroxide in their names are not ionic compounds of the hydroxide ion, but covalent compounds which contain hydroxy groups.
The Id (album)
The Id is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Macy Gray. It was released on September 17, 2001, by Epic Records. The album was not as commercially successful as its predecessor, On How Life Is, in the United States, where it debuted at number 11 on the Billboard 200 with 93,000 copies sold in its first week. As of January 2004, it had sold 593,000 copies in the US. Elsewhere, The Id topped the charts in the United Kingdom and Denmark, while reaching the top five in Australia, Italy, and Switzerland.

The Tom Morello mix of "My Nutmeg Phantasy" was included on the soundtrack to the 2002 film Spider-Man, and "Relating to a Psychopath" was featured in the 2002 Disney Channel Original Movie Cadet Kelly.

Spider-Man (soundtrack)
Spider-Man:  Music from and Inspired by is a 2002 soundtrack album for the film Spider-Man. Although it contains a portion of the film score by Danny Elfman, a more complete album of Elfman's work was released as Spider-Man: Original Motion Picture Score.
Canary Wharf DLR station
Canary Wharf is a Docklands Light Railway (DLR) station in Canary Wharf in East London. Located next to One Canada Square and between two parts of a shopping centre (Cabot Place), it serves the Canary Wharf office complex. Each of its three tracks feature platforms on both sides, allowing for easy interchanges and access to surrounding buildings. The station is sheltered by a distinctive elliptical glass roof.

The station is located on the DLR between Heron Quays station and West India Quay station. Canary Wharf is presently a terminus for the Stratford-Lewisham Line and services now only run to Lewisham in peak hours. The station is shown on the Tube map as being within walking distance of Canary Wharf Underground station; however, Heron Quays DLR station is indicated as closer by around 50 metres. It is also within walking distance of Canary Wharf station on the Elizabeth line, although West India Quay DLR and Poplar DLR stations are considered to be closer.

Night buses in London
The London Night Bus network is a series of night bus routes that serve Greater London. Services broadly operate between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00.

Many services commence from or operate via Trafalgar Square and are extensions or variations of daytime routes and hence derive their number from these; for example, route N73 from Oxford Circus to Walthamstow Central follows that of route 73 as far as Stoke Newington, before continuing further north.
Dragoši
Dragoši (pronounced [ˈdɾaːɡɔʃi]) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kolpa River east of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

An archaeological field survey in 2002 revealed the existence of prehistoric and Roman settlements in the area.

White Carniola
White Carniola (Slovene: Bela krajina; Croatian: Bela krajina; German: Weißkrain or Weiße Mark) is a traditional region in southeastern Slovenia on the border with Croatia. Due to its smallness, it is often considered a subunit of the broader Lower Carniola region, although with distinctive cultural, linguistic, and historical features.

Due to its proximity with Croatia, White Carniola shares many cultural and linguistic features with the neighboring Kajkavian Croatian areas. It is generally considered the Slovenian region with the closest cultural affinity with other South Slavic territories. It was part of Slavonia until the 12th century, after which it shared the historical fate with the Windic March and Lower Carniola to the north. During the 19th century, it was one of the regions with the highest emigration rate in the Slovene Lands, and the Austrian Empire in general. During World War II, it was an important center of anti-Fascist resistance in Slovenia.
2023 Delray Beach Open – Singles
Taylor Fritz defeated Miomir Kecmanović in the final, 6–0, 5–7, 6–2 to win the singles tennis title at the 2023 Delray Beach Open.

Cameron Norrie was the reigning champion, but chose to compete in Buenos Aires instead.

Wu Tung-lin
Wu Tung-lin (Chinese: 吳東霖; pinyin: Wú Dong-lín; born 12 May 1998), also known as Tony Wu, is a Taiwanese tennis player.
He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 158, achieved on 3 April 2023 and a career-high doubles ranking of No. 246, achieved on 17 October 2022. Wu is currently the No. 3 Taiwanese singles player.

Wu represents Chinese Taipei at the Davis Cup, where he has a W-L record of 1–1.
Paul-Arthur Séguin
Paul-Arthur Séguin (October 2, 1875 – November 24, 1946) was a Canadian notary and political figure in Quebec. He represented L'Assomption and then L'Assomption—Montcalm in the House of Commons of Canada from 1908 to 1935 as a Liberal.

He was born in Charlemagne, Quebec, the son of Felix Séguin and Vitaline Noiseux, and was educated at the Collège de L'Assomption and the Université Laval. In 1899, he married Marie Anna Rivest. Séguin was secretary-treasurer for Terrebonne from 1900 to 1907 and was also mayor of L'Assomption.

L'Assomption (federal electoral district)
L'Assomption (French pronunciation: [lasɔ̃psjɔ̃]) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It was amalgamated into the L'Assomption—Montcalm electoral district in 1914.
Samuel Tuia
Samuel Tuia (born 24 July 1986) is a French volleyball player, a member of France men's national volleyball team and Turkish club İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi, a silver medalist of the European Championship 2009, Polish Champion (2014).

PlusLiga
The PlusLiga is the highest level of men's volleyball in Poland, a professional league competition featuring volleyball clubs located in this country. It is overseen by Polska Liga Siatkówki SA (PLS SA). It is currently a 14 teams league from October to April/May. The regular season is followed by playoffs, with the winner earning the Polish Championship (Polish: Mistrzostwo Polski). It is one of the best volleyball leagues in Europe, being highly ranked in the international competitions.

The league in its current form was founded in 2000 and was originally known as Polska Liga Siatkówki (Polish Volleyball League). Since 2008 it is named PlusLiga after a mobile phone network brand, Plus.
FlexCAN
FlexCAN is an embedded network architecture that extends Controller Area Network (CAN). It was designed by Dr. Juan Pimentel at Kettering University.  It was inspired by FlexRay and the need to provide more deterministic behavior over the CAN network.  Its focus is on redundancy at the hardware level, and time-based prioritized communication at the protocol level.

FlexRay
FlexRay is an automotive network communications protocol developed by the FlexRay Consortium to govern on-board automotive computing. It is designed to be faster and more reliable than CAN and TTP, but it is also more expensive. The FlexRay consortium disbanded in 2009, but the FlexRay standard is now a set of ISO standards, ISO 17458-1 to 17458-5.

FlexRay is a communication bus designed to ensure high data rates, fault tolerance, operating on a time cycle, split into static and dynamic segments for event-triggered and time-triggered communications. It is mainly used in aeronautic and automotive sectors.
Six Going On Seven
Six Going On Seven is an indie rock band from Boston, Massachusetts consisting of Joshua English (vocals/bass), James Bransford (guitar) and Will Bartlett (drums).

During their tenure the band toured nationally several times, recorded three full-length albums, and two 7" singles (including a split with Hot Water Music). Their song "Readying" is used in the 2003 film The Station Agent. The band toured with Moods for Moderns, Elliott, Rocket From The Crypt, Seaweed, and No Knife among others. The band split in 2001 shortly after the release of their third album American't (or won't).

In 2024, the band announced their reunion, and their repressings of Self-Made Mess and Heartbreak's Got Backbeat on Iodine Recordings.

in February 18, 2025, the band signed to Spartan Records, and announced their fourth studio album, Human Tears, released on January 6, 2026.

The Station Agent
The Station Agent is a 2003 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Tom McCarthy in his directorial debut. It stars Peter Dinklage as a man who seeks solitude in an abandoned train station in the Newfoundland section of Jefferson Township, New Jersey. It also stars Patricia Clarkson, Bobby Cannavale, Raven Goodwin, Paul Benjamin, Michelle Williams and John Slattery.

For his writing achievement, McCarthy won the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay, the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay and the Waldo Salt Screenwriting Award. The film itself also won the John Cassavetes Award.
Jordan A. Harris
Jordan A. Harris is an American politician who has served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives since 2013, representing the 186th district in South and Southwest Philadelphia. A member of the Democratic Party, he currently serves as chairman of the House Appropriations Committee.

Harris is a member of the Knight Foundation's Philadelphia Community Advisory Committee.

Knight Foundation
The John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, also known as the Knight Foundation, is an American philanthropic organization that provides grants for the arts, journalism, research, and community development, with a focus on impact.

The organization was founded as the Charles L. Knight Memorial Education Fund in 1940. The fund was incorporated as the Knight Foundation in December 1950 in Ohio, and reincorporated as the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation in Florida in 1993.

The Foundation’s mission is to support a more effective democracy by funding projects that promote free expression, arts and culture, research in media and democracy, and the success of its 26 Knight communities, where the Knight brothers published newspapers.
Fractional synthetic rate
A fractional synthetic rate (FSR) is the rate at which a precursor compound is incorporated into a product per unit of product mass. The metric has been used to estimate the rate at which proteins, lipids, and lipoproteins are synthesized within humans and other animals. The formula used to calculate the FSR from a stable isotope tracer experiment is:

Precursor (chemistry)
In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound.

In biochemistry, the term "precursor" often refers more specifically to a chemical compound preceding another in a metabolic pathway, such as a protein precursor.
Tim Wirgau
Timothy Wirgau (born September 2, 1963 in Towanda, Pennsylvania) is an American politician and a former Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives, representing District 75 from January 2011 until January 2019. He was defeated by Bruce Griffey in the 2018 Republican primary.

Towanda, Pennsylvania
Towanda is a borough in, and the county seat of, Bradford County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania and is located 66 miles (106 km) northwest of Wilkes-Barre, on the Susquehanna River. The name means "where we bury the dead" in the Nanticoke language. As of the 2020 census, the population of Towanda was 2,833.
New Norcia Station
New Norcia Station (also known as NNO) is an ESTRACK Earth station in Australia for communication with spacecraft after launch, in low Earth orbit, in geostationary orbit and in deep space. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the town of New Norcia, Western Australia. It was the first ESA deep space ground station, followed by Cebreros Station and Malargüe Station.

New Norcia Station was one of the stations providing communications, tracking and data download from the Rosetta spacecraft. It supports the BepiColombo mission.

BepiColombo
BepiColombo is a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) to the planet Mercury. The mission comprises two satellites launched together: the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and Mio (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter, MMO). The mission will perform a comprehensive study of Mercury, including characterization of its magnetic field, magnetosphere, and both interior and surface structure. It was launched on an Ariane 5 rocket on 20 October 2018, with Mercury orbit insertion planned for November 2026, after a flyby of Earth, two flybys of Venus, and six flybys of Mercury. The total cost of the mission was estimated in 2017 as US$2 billion.
Jabbowal, SBS Nagar
Jabbowal is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) away from postal head office Kahma, 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) from Nawanshahr, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 97 kilometres (60 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Nawanshahr
Nawanshahr (Punjabi pronunciation: [nə.ʋä̃ːʃɛ́ːɾ]) is a municipal council in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district in the Indian state of Punjab. It was previously a town;  it later became a district in 1995.
The Savages (film)
The Savages is a 2007 American black comedy-drama film written and directed by Tamara Jenkins.  It stars Laura Linney, Philip Seymour Hoffman, and Philip Bosco (in his final film before his death in 2018).

It had its world premiere at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2007. It was released on November 28, 2007, by Fox Searchlight Pictures. It received critical acclaim. At the 80th Academy Awards, it earned two nominations: Best Actress (for Linney) and Best Original Screenplay (for Jenkins). At the 65th Golden Globe Awards, it was nominated for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy (for Seymour Hoffman).

Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
The Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy is a Golden Globe Award first presented by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a musical or comedy film. Previously, there was a single award for "Best Actor in a Motion Picture", but the creation of the category in 1951 allowed for recognition of it and the Best Actor – Drama.

The formal title has varied since its inception. In 2006, it was officially called: "Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy". As of 2013, the wording is "Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy".