hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ranking (information retrieval)
Ranking of query is one of the fundamental problems in information retrieval (IR), the scientific/engineering discipline behind search engines. Given a query q and a collection D of documents that match the query, the problem is to rank, that is, sort, the documents in D according to some criterion so that the "best" results appear early in the result list displayed to the user. Ranking in terms of information retrieval is an important concept in computer science and is used in many different applications such as search engine queries and recommender systems. A majority of search engines use ranking algorithms to provide users with accurate and relevant results.

Relevance (information retrieval)
In information science and information retrieval, relevance denotes how well a retrieved document or set of documents meets the information need of the user. Relevance may include concerns such as timeliness, authority or novelty of the result.
Oxythemis of Coroneia
Oxythemis of Cleonae or Coroneia was an ancient Greek athlete who won the stadion race in the 12th Ancient Olympic Games in 732 BC. The stadion race (about 180 meters) was the only competition in the first 13 Olympiads.

Eusebius relates that he was from Coroneia in Boeotia, and if he was right, this would make him the first winner from outside the Peloponnese. Flavius Philostratus however reports that he was from Cleonae, which appears more probable, and this would make him the first winner from Argolis.

Koroneia, Boeotia
Koroneia (Greek: Κορώνεια, before 1915: Κουτουμουλάς - Koutoumoulas) is a village and a former municipality in Boeotia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Livadeia, of which it is a municipal unit. The population of the municipal unit was 2,609 at the 2021 census.
Marathon Watch
Marathon Watch Company Ltd. is a Canadian watch manufacturer founded in 1939.
Its predecessor company, Weinstrum Watch, later to be named Wein Brothers, was founded in 1904. The company is part of the broader Wein family watchmaking tradition, which also includes the Chicago-based Hampden Watch, founded in 1922 and still operated by the family today.

Marathon started supplying watches to the Allies of World War II in 1941. Today Marathon manufactures watches that conform to United States Military Standard MIL-PRF-46374G, as well as those of other nations. Marathon is the sole supplier of watches to the United States Armed Forces.

Marathon watches are issued to US military personnel, but are also available to the general public.

Marathon watches are designed in Canada and manufactured in Switzerland by in La Chaux-de-Fonds and therefore watches bear the designation "Swiss Made" on the dial.

United States Military Standard
A United States defense standard, often called a military standard, "MIL-STD", "MIL-SPEC", or (informally) "MilSpecs", is used to help achieve standardization objectives by the United States Department of Defense.

Standardization is beneficial in achieving interoperability, ensuring products meet certain requirements, commonality, reliability, total cost of ownership, compatibility with logistics systems, and similar defense-related objectives.

Defense standards are also used by other non-defense government organizations, technical organizations, and industry. This article discusses definitions, history, and usage of defense standards. Related documents, such as defense handbooks and defense specifications, are also addressed.
President of the National Assembly of Armenia
The president of the National Assembly of Armenia (Armenian: Ազգային ժողովի նախագահ, romanized: Azgayin zhoghovi naxagah) is the speaker of the house in the Parliament of Armenia. The incumbent speaker is Alen Simonyan, since 2 August 2021.

Predecessors of the National Assembly of Armenia were the Parliament (August 1918 – December 1920), the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1920–1990) and the Supreme Council of Armenia (1990–1995).

Alen Simonyan
Alen Roberti Simonyan (Armenian: Ալեն Ռոբերտի Սիմոնյան; born 5 January 1980) is an Armenian politician currently serving as the president of the National Assembly of Armenia since 2 August 2021. He served as the acting president of Armenia from 1 February 2022 to 13 March 2022, and is a former member of Yerevan City Council.
Dime (United States coin)
The dime, in United States usage, is a ten-cent coin, one tenth of a United States dollar, labeled formally as "one dime". The denomination was first authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792.

The dime is the smallest in diameter and is the thinnest of all U.S. coins currently minted for circulation, being 0.705 inches (17.91 millimeters) in diameter and 0.053 in (1.35 mm) in thickness. The obverse of the current dime depicts the profile of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the reverse has an olive branch, a torch, and an oak branch, from left to right respectively.

The word dime comes from the Old French disme (Modern French dîme), meaning "tithe" or "tenth part", from the Latin decima [pars]. The dime is currently the only United States coin in general circulation that is not denominated in terms of dollars or cents. As of 2024, the dime cost 5.76 cents to produce.

William Kneass
William Kneass (/ˈniːs/ "niece"; September 25, 1780 – August 27, 1840) was the second Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1824 until his death in 1840. 
Kneass is credited with designing the "Classic Head" motif, which appeared on numerous denominations of American currency, including the gold quarter eagle ($2.50) and half eagle ($5.00) gold pieces from 1834 to 1839.  He also modified John Reich's "Capped Bust" design for use on the half dime through half-dollar from 1829 to 1837.
Hal Niedzviecki
Hal Niedzviecki (born January 9, 1971) is a Canadian novelist and cultural critic. Born in Brockville, he was raised by a Jewish family in Ottawa, Ontario, and Potomac, Maryland, did his undergraduate studies at University College, Toronto, and his postgraduate studies at Bard College. In 1995, he co-founded the magazine Broken Pencil, a guide to underground arts and zine culture, and was the magazine's editor until 2002. He has also written for Adbusters, Utne, The Walrus, This Magazine, Geist, Toronto Life, The Globe and Mail, and the National Post. In 2006, Niedzviecki hosted a summer replacement series, Subcultures, on CBC Radio One.

In 2017, Niedzviecki wrote a piece for Write, the Writers' Union of Canada magazine, where he wrote: "In my opinion, anyone, anywhere, should be encouraged to imagine other peoples, other cultures, other identities" and told writers to try to "Win the Appropriation Prize". After controversy arose over the piece he resigned from the editorial board.

Brockville
Brockville is a city in Eastern Ontario, Canada, in the Thousand Islands region. Although it falls within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville, it is politically independent of the county. It is included with Leeds and Grenville for census purposes only.

Known as the "City of the 1000 Islands", Brockville is situated on the land which was previously inhabited by the St. Lawrence Iroquoians and later by the Oswegatchie people. Brockville is one of Ontario's oldest communities established by Loyalist settlers and is named after the British general Sir Isaac Brock.

Tourist attractions in Brockville include the Brockville Tunnel, Fulford Place, and the Aquatarium.
Wassoulou music
Wassoulou (Bambara: Wasolo) is a genre of West African popular music named for the Wassoulou cultural area.

Wassoulou music is performed mostly by women. Some recurring themes in the lyrics are childbearing, fertility, and polygamy. Instrumentation includes soku (a traditional fiddle sometimes replaced with modern imported instruments), djembe drum, kamalen n'goni (a six-stringed harp), karinyan (metal tube percussion) and bolon (a four-stringed harp). The vocals are often passionate and emphatic, and delivered in a call-and-response pattern.

Prominent Wassoulou artists include Nahawa Doumbia, Oumou Sangaré, Fatoumata Diawara, Coumba Sidibe, Dienaba Diakite, Kagbe Sidibe, Sali Sidibe, and Jah Youssouf.

Bolon (musical instrument)
The bolon (Bambara: ߓߐ߬ߟߐ߲) or M'Bolon is a traditional harp played in Mali, as well as Guinea. It was notably played in hunting ceremonies or before a battle, to rouse warriors' valor. It was also used by the Jola in Gambia for accompaniment for men's choruses. Among other string instruments played in Guinea, the bolon is the oldest.

The bolon is a three-stringed instrument, constructed from a large calabash covered by unshaven goat skin, and a bow-shaped neck. When playing, it is placed between the legs with the strings facing the musician. In addition to plucking the strings, the musician also hits the calabash as if playing a drum.
WISE 1541−2250
WISE 1541−2250 (full designation WISEPA J154151.66−225025.2) is a sub-brown or brown dwarf of spectral class Y0.5, located in the constellation Libra at approximately 18.6 light-years from Earth. This object received popular attention when its discovery was announced in 2011 at a distance estimated to be only about 9 light-years, which would have made it the closest brown dwarf known. (For really close brown dwarfs see, for example, Luhman 16, WISE 1506+7027, Epsilon Indi Ba, Bb, or UGPS 0722-05). It is not the farthest known Y-type brown dwarf to Earth.

UGPS J072227.51−054031.2
UGPS J072227.51−054031.2 (designation often abbreviated to UGPS 0722−05) is a sub-brown dwarf or rogue planet of late T type, located approximately 4.1 parsecs (13 light-years) from Earth. It is the second closest known  object of this type, after WISE 0855-0714.

The object is roughly the volume of Jupiter, but is estimated to have 3–11 Jupiter masses (MJ). This would make it less massive than ε Indi Ba. As objects of this type below 13 Jupiter masses are thought to be more likely to be planets than Brown Dwarfs, it would either be classified as a planet or a sub-brown dwarf, depending on how it formed and the definition used. Infrared spectra shows the object contains water vapor and methane and has a surface temperature of approximately 480–560 kelvins.
Fylakio
Fylakio (Greek: Φυλάκιο) is a village in the Evros regional unit of northeast Greece. Fylakio is in the municipal unit of Kyprinos. In 2021 the population was 867 for the community, including the villages Ammovouno and Keramos. It is located on the right bank of the river Ardas, about halfway between Ivaylovgrad (Bulgaria) and Edirne (Turkey).

Ivaylovgrad
Ivaylovgrad (Bulgarian: Ивайловград, "city of Ivaylo", Greek: Ορτάκιοϊ, Turkish  :Ortaköy, "Middle Village") is a town in Haskovo Province in the south of Bulgaria set near the river Arda in the easternmost part of the Rhodope Mountains, and is the administrative centre of the homonymous Ivaylovgrad Municipality. The border with Evros, Greece is around two miles from the town centre.
José Quiroga Suárez
José Quiroga Suárez (4 July 1920 in Petín, Galicia − 18 October 2006 in A Rúa, Galicia) was a Spanish politician and the second president of the pre-autonomic community of Galicia before reaching its Statute of Autonomy in 1981.

Petín
Petín is a municipality in the province of Ourense, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Valdeorras. It has a population of 1131 (Spanish 2001 Census) and an area of 31 km2.
Software Alliance
The Software Alliance, also known as BSA, is a trade group of business software companies established in 1998. Its principal activity is trying to stop copyright infringement of software produced by its members. It is a member of the International Intellectual Property Alliance. Founded as the Business Software Alliance, it dropped "Business" from its name in October 2012, and styles itself "BSA | The Software Alliance".

BSA members include Adobe, Amazon Web Services, Atlassian, Autodesk, Cloudflare, Cisco, Dropbox, IBM, Microsoft, Nikon, Oracle, SAP, Salesforce, Siemens and Zoom. It is funded through membership dues based on member company's software revenues, and through settlements from companies it successfully brings action against.

Many Microsoft EULAs include a clause requiring users to agree to audits by software companies.

Settlement (litigation)
In law, a settlement is a resolution between disputing parties about a legal case, reached either before or after court action begins. A collective settlement is a settlement of multiple similar legal cases. The term also has other meanings in the context of law. Structured settlements provide for future periodic payments, instead of a one-time cash payment.
South Australian Railways 700 class (diesel)
The 700 class is a class of six diesel-electric locomotives based on the Alco DL500G model, built by AE Goodwin, Auburn, New South Wales for the South Australian Railways. They are virtually identical to the New South Wales 442 class locomotive.

Auburn, New South Wales
Auburn is a Western Sydney suburb in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
Auburn is located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the Sydney central business district and is in the local government area of Cumberland City Council, having previously been the administrative centre of Auburn Council. 
The suburb was named after Oliver Goldsmith's poem The Deserted Village, which describes 'Auburn' in England as the "loveliest village of the plain".
Public housing estates in Fo Tan
The following is a list of Public housing estates in Fo Tan, Hong Kong, including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS), Flat-for-Sale Scheme (FFSS), and Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) estates.

Sandwich Class Housing Scheme
The Sandwich Class Housing Scheme was a scheme from the Hong Kong Housing Society offering apartments to middle-income families, i.e. sandwich class, at concessionary prices during the 1990s in Hong Kong. The purchases were subject to a five-year resale restriction. The first development, Tivoli Garden, was completed in 1995, and was followed by 12 other developments. In total, more than 12,000 units were offered.

Unlike Home Ownership Scheme and Flat-for-Sale Scheme, the owners under Sandwich Class Housing Scheme must pay a land premium before they can sell their flats in the free second-hand property market.
Kaamasmukka
Kaamasmukka (Northern Sami: Gámasmohkki, Inari Sami: Kaamâsmokke) is a small village in Finland in Lapland in the northernmost Finnish municipality of Utsjoki. It is located 27 km east of the village of Karigasniemi directly at the main road 92 (Kantatie 92) in the direction of the village of Kaamanen and there the Finnish national road 4 Helsinki-Utsjoki.

4 km southwest of the small village is the fell Kaktsvarri (in Northern Sámi Gákcavarri) with a height of 446 MASL.

Kaamanen
Kaamanen (Northern Sami: Gámas, Inari Sami: Kaamâs) is a village in the municipality of Inari, Lapland.

The village counts about 200 inhabitants, whose main sources of livelihood are reindeer husbandry and tourism. The area is extremely valuable for bird-watchers and there are relatively important hiking paths.
James A. Blount
James Andrew Blount (December 29, 1884 – October 6, 1974) was an American lawyer and Democratic politician. He was a member of the Mississippi Senate from 1916 to 1917 and from 1944 to 1948. He also was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1948 to 1952.

Charleston, Mississippi
Charleston is a city in north central Mississippi and one of the two county seats of Tallahatchie County, which is located on both sides of the Tallahatchie River. This city is located east of the river and, as of the 2020 census, had a population of 1,884.
Ford Falcon (XD)
The Ford Falcon (XD) is a full-size car that was produced by Ford Australia from 1979 to 1982. It was the first iteration of the fourth generation of the Falcon and also included the Ford Fairmont (XD)—the luxury-oriented version.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Tokyo Dark
Tokyo Dark is a point-and-click adventure game developed by the indie developer Cherrymochi and published by Square Enix Collective for Microsoft Windows and macOS. It follows the story of Detective Itō Ayami who searches for her missing partner, Detective Kazuki Tanaka, who disappeared under mysterious circumstances while following a case. The player’s choices directly affect Ayami’s mental state and thought processes which later result in one of the game’s multiple endings.

Square Enix Collective
Square Enix Collective is an indie games division of Square Enix Limited. Created by Phil Elliott in 2014, it is a self-titled "service provider for Indie developers", which helps get a developer's game published while they maintain their creative control.
Canoel
Canoel is the seat of the hero in of the medieval epic of Tristan and Iseult, versions of which were written by Gottfried von Strassburg, Thomas of England, Béroul, and others. The authors who mention Canoel situate it in "Parmenie", a fictitious land nebulously situated on the French side of the English Channel between Brittany and Normandy. Traditionally, Tristan is from Lyonesse, a lost land very similar to Parmenie.

May also relate to Canoel International Energy; former name of Zenith Energy Ltd., an energy company based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Gottfried von Strassburg
Gottfried von Strassburg (died c. 1210) is the author of the Middle High German courtly romance Tristan, an adaptation of the 12th-century Tristan and Iseult legend. Gottfried's work is regarded, alongside the Nibelungenlied and Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival, as one of the great narrative masterpieces of the German Middle Ages. He is probably also the composer of a small number of surviving lyrics. His work became a source of inspiration for Richard Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde (1865).
Ciwan Haco
Ciwan Haco is a Syrian Kurdish singer. He was born in Tirbespî near Qamishli in northern Syria. His grandfather was originally from Doğançay in Turkey. After finishing high school, he left for Germany in order to continue his studies. He studied musicology at the Ruhr University Bochum. He is now residing in Sweden.He is most well known for his album Gula Sor.

Doğançay, Midyat
Doğançay (Kurdish: Mizîzex; Syriac: Mzīzāḥ) is a village in the district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey. It is populated by Syriacs and by Kurds of the Zaxuran tribe. The village had a population of 159 in 2021. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.

In the village, there is a church of Mor Yuhannon and a church of the Virgin Mary.
Anatoly Zatin
Anatoly Zatin (Anatoli Zatine, Russian: Анатолий Борисович Затин) (born 23 March 1954, Uzhhorod, Soviet Ukraine; now Ukraine), is a composer, pianist, orchestral conductor and pedagogue. Born in the USSR, he acquired Mexican citizenship in 1996.

Mexican nationality law
Nationality in Mexico is defined by multiple laws, including the 30th article of the Constitution of Mexico and other laws. The Constitution's 32nd article specifies the rights granted by Mexican legislation to Mexicans who also possess dual nationality.   This article was written to establish the norms in this subject in order to avoid conflicts which may arise in the case of dual nationality. This law was last modified in 2021.

In general terms, Mexican nationality is based on both the principle of jus soli and the principle of jus sanguinis. The Mexican constitution also makes a distinction between nationals of Mexico and citizens of Mexico. The legal means to acquire nationality and formal membership in a nation differ from the relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship.
Alessandro Cialdi
Alessandro Cialdi (Civitavecchia, 9 April 1807 – Rome, 26 June 1882) was an Italian naval commander and engineer, and commander of the Papal navy. He took an active part in the First Italian War of Independence and in the government of Pellegrino Rossi. He was later President of the Accademia dei Lincei and corresponding member of the Institut de France.

Accademia dei Lincei
The Accademia dei Lincei, anglicised as the Lincean Academy, was an Italian accademia active from 1603 to 1651. It was established in Rome in 1603 by Federico Cesi, and was named after the lynx, an animal whose sharp vision symbolizes the acuity that science requires. Galileo Galilei was the intellectual centre of the academy and adopted "Galileo Galilei Linceo" as his signature. Cesi died in 1630, and the academy was dissolved in or before 1651.

During the nineteenth century, it was revived, first in the Papal States and later in the nation of Italy. Thus the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, established in 1936, claims this heritage as the Accademia Pontificia dei Nuovi Lincei ("Pontifical Academy of the New Lynx-Eyed"), founded in 1847, descending from the first two incarnations of the Academy. Similarly, a lynx-eyed academy of the 1870s became the national academy of Italy, encompassing both literature and science among its concerns.
Alejandro Hernández (director)
Alejandro Manrique Hernández Reinoso (born 28 November 1990 in Maracaibo, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan filmmaker.
He achieved popularity in Latin America thanks to The Alejandro Hernández Show, a comedy web series which satirizes Venezuelan and Hispanic culture. Most of the content is in Spanish, although some sketches are recorded in English. Since 2009, his videos have reached a total of over 8 million views, which includes only those on his YouTube account.
In 2011 Hernández signed a contract with PlanetaUrbe.Tv. Since then, all of his episodes were uploaded to PlanetaUrbe's website instead of YouTube. After the contract ended, he returned to YouTube through elmostacho.com. Hernández is currently at number 148 on the most followed Twitter users in Venezuela, and is the most followed user in the state of Zulia. He won the Celebrity award at the 2011 Twitter Awards held by El Nacional.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.
Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India
In religion and spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or search of great moral significance. Sometimes, it is a journey to a sacred place or to a shrine of importance to a person's beliefs and faith. Members of every major religion participate in pilgrimages. A person who makes such a journey is called a pilgrim.

There are number of historical Buddhist pilgrimage sites in the Republic of India.

Ralang Monastery
New Ralang Monastery or Ralong Palchen Choling is a Buddhist monastery of the Kagyu sect of Tibetan Buddhism in southern Sikkim, northeastern India. It is located six kilometres from Ravangla. Ralang Monastery has an extensive collection of paintings and thangkas.