hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jitu Weusi
Jitu Weusi (born Leslie R. Campbell; October 25, 1939 - May 22, 2013) was an American educator, education advocate, author, a community leader, writer, activist, mentor, jazz and art program promoter.  He is one of the founders of the National Black United Front, Jitu Weusi Institute for Development, and the International African Arts Festival. The festival started in 1971.

Weusi along with Aminisha Black and supporters were the founders of The East (East Cultural and Education Institution),  Uhuru Sasa School (Freedom Now School), in Brooklyn for grades K through 12,  the African Street Festival in Brooklyn which became the  International African Arts Festival, the Central Brooklyn Jazz Consortium,  Black News co-founder, founding member of the African American Teachers Association, and For My Sweet. For my Sweet is a cultural events and art gallery space in Brooklyn.

United Federation of Teachers
The United Federation of Teachers (UFT) is the labor union that represents most teachers in New York City public schools. As of 2005, there were about 118,000 in-service teachers and nearly 30,000 paraprofessional educators in the union, as well as about 54,000 retired members. In October 2007, 28,280 home day care providers voted to join the union. It is affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers, the AFL–CIO and the Central Labor Council. It is also the largest member of New York State United Teachers, which is affiliated with the National Educational Association and Education International.
Emil Benčík
Emil Benčík (born 20 January 1933, in Zlatno) is a Slovak writer, journalist and translator. He established the feature radio documentary in Slovakia and created the first family radio series in the country called Čo nového, Bielikovci, which during its 17 years run established itself as one of the most popular programs in Slovakia's history with almost 1 in 2 Slovaks tuning in regularly.

In the 1950s he was a member of the notable journalistic generation centered on the newspaper Smena. From 1971 until 1990 he was the Chief editor of the Main desk of literary and drama broadcasting of the Czechoslovak radio in Bratislava.

For his journalistic and literary work, Emil Benčík has received numerous awards including the international Prize of Egon Erwin Kisch for his book Králi Ducha (Kings of the spirit). He is the first and only author to receive the Prize of Vojtech Zamarovský for radio broadcasting.

Radio documentary
A radio documentary is a spoken word radio format devoted to non-fiction narrative. It is broadcast on radio as well as distributed through media such as tape, CD, and podcast. A radio documentary, or feature, covers a topic in depth from one or more perspectives, often featuring interviews, commentary, and sound pictures. A radio feature may include original music compositions and creative sound design or can resemble traditional journalistic radio reporting, but cover an issue in greater depth.
1900 Plymouth by-election
The 1900 Plymouth by-election was held on 16 February 1900. The by-election came after the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, Sir Edward Clarke. It was won unopposed by the Conservative candidate Hon. Ivor Churchill Guest.

Edward Clarke (barrister)
Sir Edward George Clarke, KC (15 February 1841 – 26 April 1931) was a British barrister and politician, considered one of the leading advocates of the late Victorian era and serving as Solicitor-General in the Conservative government of 1886–1892. His legal career included representing Oscar Wilde in his disastrous prosecution of the Marquess of Queensberry for libel, and representing the plaintiff in the "baccarat case", during which Sir Edward cross-examined the Prince of Wales.  He was a member of the anti-women's suffrage movement.
Black Laundry
Black Laundry (Hebrew: כביסה שחורה, Kvisa Shchora) was a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and  queer (LGBTQ) organization that used direct action to oppose Israeli occupation of Palestinian land and advocated for social justice. The group made its first public appearance in 2001 after the second Intifada, where 250 members marched in the Tel Aviv Pride Day parade with the message 'No Pride in Occupation.'

Co-founder Dalit Baum, an activist and professor at the Community School for Women, created Black Laundry to focus on creating a community that advocates social justice for women and queer community by using feminist theory and working with both Palestinians and Israelis.

According to their website, "Black Laundry tries to stress the connection between different forms of oppression - our own oppression as lesbians, gays and transpeople enhances our solidarity with members of other oppressed groups."

Direct action
Direct action is a form of activism in which participants use economic power or political power to achieve their goals. The aim of direct action is to either obstruct a certain practice such as a government's laws or actions or to draw attention to and create a dialogue in order to solve perceived problems.

Direct action may include activities, that can be either violent or nonviolent, targeting people, groups, institutions, actions, or property that its participants deem objectionable. Violent direct action may include political violence, assault, arson, sabotage, and property destruction. Nonviolent direct action may include peaceful demonstrations, civil disobedience, sit-ins, strikes, and counter-economics.
Farafra, Egypt
The Farafra depression (Arabic: واحة الفرافرة‎, pronounced [elfɑˈɾɑfɾɑ]) is a 980 km2 (380 sq mi) geological depression, the second biggest by size in Western Egypt and the smallest by population, near latitude 27.06° north and longitude 27.97° east. It is in the large Western Desert of Egypt, approximately midway between Dakhla and Bahariya oases.

Farafra has an estimated 5,000 inhabitants (2002) mainly living in the town of Farafra and is mostly inhabited by the local Bedouins. Parts of the town have complete quarters of traditional architecture, simple, smooth, unadorned, all in mud colour—local culture and traditional methods of building and carrying out repairs have been supported by its tourism.  Often grouped within Farafra are the hot springs at Bir Sitta (the sixth well) and the El-Mufid lake.

Traditional architecture
Traditional architecture is the built expression of a cultural heritage transmitted across generations, it is not a singular architectural style, since it is neither defined stylistically nor by time period, but rather by its geographical or cultural context. The term traditional does not necessarily mean that building forms are static, as new techniques and approaches are continuously adopted and adapted by local craftspeople.

Distinctively from vernacular architecture, it does not exclude architect-designed or monumental buildings, but instead encompasses a wide range of structures and building types, including the vernacular.

Broadly speaking, all architectural styles can be split into two groups: traditional and modernist (which includes modernism ideological successors), this is because modernist architecture was created as the explicit opposition to the continuation of tradition and local character.
Paul Wittich
Paul Wittich (c.1546 – 9 January 1586) was a German mathematician and astronomer whose Capellan geoheliocentric model, in which the inner planets Mercury and Venus orbit the Sun but the outer planets Mars, Jupiter and Saturn orbit the Earth, may have directly inspired Tycho Brahe's more radically heliocentric geoheliocentric model in which all the 5 known primary planets orbited the Sun, which in turn orbited the stationary Earth.

Martianus Capella
Martianus Minneus Felix Capella (fl. c. 410–420) was a jurist, polymath and Latin prose writer of late antiquity, one of the earliest developers of the system of the seven liberal arts that structured early medieval education. He was a native of Madaura.

His single encyclopedic work, De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii ("On the Marriage of Philology and Mercury"), also called  De septem disciplinis ("On the seven disciplines"), is an elaborate didactic allegory written in a mixture of prose and elaborately allusive verse.

Martianus often presents philosophical views based on Neoplatonism, the Platonic school of philosophy pioneered by Plotinus and his followers.

Like his near-contemporary Macrobius, who also produced a major work on classical Roman religion, Martianus never directly identifies his own religious affiliation. Much of his work occurs in the form of dialogue, and the views of the interlocutors may not represent the author's own.
Pallawa
In the Buginese language, pallawa is a punctuation symbol. It is composed of three cascading diagonal dots. A pallawa is used to separate rhythmico-intonational groups, thus functionally corresponding to the full stop and comma of the Latin script.

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
David Bergman (American writer)
David Bergman (born 1950) is an American writer and English professor at Towson University, in Towson, Maryland part of the University System of Maryland. He was born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts, grew up in Laurelton, New York, and graduated from Kenyon College (1972) and earned a Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University (1978).

He received the George Elliston Poetry Prize for his work Cracking the Code.  With Karl Woelz, he won a Lambda Book Award for editing Men on Men 2000. He is openly gay and Jewish.

Towson University
Towson University (TU or Towson) is a public university in Towson, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1866 as Maryland's first training school for teachers, Towson University is a part of the University System of Maryland. Since its founding, the university has evolved into eight subsidiary colleges with over 20,000 students. Its 329-acre campus is situated in Baltimore County, Maryland, eight miles north of downtown Baltimore. Towson is one of the largest public universities in Maryland and produces the most teachers of any university in the state.
Suriname–United States relations
Diplomatic relations between the United States and Suriname were established on 23 January 1976. Suriname has an embassy in Washington, D.C. since 1976, and a consulate in Miami. The United States had a consulate in Paramaribo since 25 November 1975, the date of independence which was upgraded to an embassy on 18 February 1976.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Jimma Rare
Jimma Rare is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It shares the name of one of the subgroups of the Oromo people, the Jimma Rare. Part of the Horo Gudru Welega Zone, Jimma Rare is bordered on the west by Jimma Horo, on the north by Guduru, on the east and south by the Guder River which separates it from the West Shewa Zone. The administrative center of the woreda is Wayu; other towns in Jimma Rare include Goben and Babal'a.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Ari Gesini
Ari Gesini (born 23 December 2001) is an Australian Paralympic athlete in the T38 class. Ari competes in the long jump and 100m sprint. He made his Paralympic debut at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Laarman
Laarman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Joris Laarman (born 1979), Dutch designer, artist, furniture maker, and entrepreneur

Loudia Laarman (born 1991), Haitian-born Canadian sprinter

Mats Laarman (1873–1964), Estonian politician

Mats Laarman
Mats Laarman (also Mats Laarmann; 8 February 1873 Kaarli Parish (now Mulgi Parish), Kreis Pernau – 13 December 1964 Abja Selsoviet, Viljandi Raion) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of II Riigikogu.
Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ38
The Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ38 is a superzoom bridge digital camera, replacing the similar Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ28 and earlier Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ18. It is also known as the DMC-FZ35 in North America.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.
Julie Minns
Julie Minns (born 11 December 1968) is a British politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Carlisle since 2024. A member of the Labour Party, Minns is the first female MP to represent the constituency.

Thornton (ward)
Thornton ward was an administrative division of the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom from 1965 to 2022.

The ward comprised the communities of Clapham Park and the Hyde Farm Estate. The ward shared the borough's western boundary with Wandsworth along Cavendish Road and Emmanuel Road alongside Tooting Bec Common. The south eastern boundary then continued along Emmanuel Road and New Park Road to the A205 South Circular Road. The boundaries of northern part of the ward followed the boundaries of the Clapham Park estate east of Kings Avenue and then cross to run down Clarence Avenue and Poynders Road.

The ward was located in the Streatham parliamentary constituency.
1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone
1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone, commonly called purpurin, is an anthraquinone. It is a naturally occurring red/yellow dye. It is formally derived from 9,10-anthraquinone by replacement of three hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl (OH) groups.

Purpurin is also called verantin, smoke Brown G, hydroxylizaric acid, and C.I. 58205.  It is a minor component of the classical lake pigment "madder lake" or Rose Madder.

Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups. Both the negatively charged anion HO−, called hydroxide, and the neutral radical HO·, known as the hydroxyl radical, consist of an unbonded hydroxy group.

According to IUPAC definitions, the term hydroxyl refers to the hydroxyl radical (·OH) only, while the functional group −OH is called a hydroxy group.
SS Argus
The SS Argus was a steel-hulled Great Lakes freighter, that was constructed as the SS Lewis Woodruff by the American Ship Building Company, and was launched on 5 August 1903. Its original owner was the Gilchrist Transportation Company, based in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1913, the ship was sold to the Interlake Steamship Company, and was renamed the Argus.

The ship was lost on Lake Huron on November 9, 1913 during the Great Lakes storm of 1913. Under the commander of captain Paul Gutch, the Argus headed north into Lake Huron, with a load of coal. A little over 13 miles north of Point Aux Barques, the ship broke in two and sank with the loss of all 25 hands. The SS Hydrus, sister ship of the Argus, was also lost in the storm.

Portions of the wreckage were found by a local doctor along the shoreline at Bayfield, Ontario in mid-November 1913. The remains of the ship was discovered in 1972, by diver Dick Race. The wreck lies upside down, in about 250 feet of water.

Pointe Aux Barques Township, Michigan
Pointe Aux Barques Township (/pɔɪnt ə bɑːrks/ poynt-ə-BARKS) is a civil township of Huron County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 15 at the 2020 census.

Pointe Aux Barques is located at the tip of the Thumb on the Lower Peninsula.  With a permanent population of only 15, the township is the least-populated municipality in the state and the third smallest township by land area after Novi Township and Royal Oak Charter Township.
Pinball Hall of Fame
The Pinball Hall of Fame is a nonprofit hands-on museum for playable pinball machines in Las Vegas, Nevada, first opened in 2006. The museum is a project of the Las Vegas Pinball Collectors Club featuring pinball machines, arcade games and other novelty machines from all eras. Fully staffed by volunteers, excess revenues are donated to the Salvation Army.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Aarna (surname)
Aarna is a predominantly Estonian surname.

As of 1 January 2022, 65 men and 63 women have the surname Aarna in Estonia. Aarna ranks 1,475th for men and 1,730th for women in terms of surname distribution in the country. The surname Aarna is the most common in Põlva County, where 8.59 per 10,000 inhabitants of the county bear the surname.

Notable people with the surname include:

Agu Aarna (1915–1989), Estonian oil shale chemist and university rector

Heiti Aarna (born 1945), Estonian physicist and teacher (:et)

Olav Aarna (born 1942), Estonian computer scientist, academic, and politician

Signy Aarna (born 1990), Estonian footballer

Agu Aarna
Agu Aarna (11 October 1915 – 11 December 1989) was an Estonian oil shale chemist and university rector.

Aarna was born and died in Tallinn, where he graduated from City Primary School No. 1 in 1919, then majored in surveying and cultural engineering at Tallinn University of Technology, graduating in 1934. From 1934 until 1936, he was graduate student at the Estonian Military Academy of Engineering, and graduated from the Military Technical School in Tallinn with a degree in pyrotechnics in 1940. He also studied at the Department of Chemistry of Tallinn University of Technology from 1937 until 1940 and 1942 until 1943. In 1945, he graduated cum laude  from Dresden University of Technology in chemistry. In 1956, he defended his doctoral thesis in Leningrad Institute of Technology.

From 1960 until 1976, he was the rector of Tallinn Polytechnical Institute. His son is computer scientist, academic and politician Olav Aarna.
Summer Nights (Grease song)
"Summer Nights" is a popular song from the musical Grease. Written by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey, its best-known version was recorded by American actor and singer John Travolta and British-Australian singer, songwriter and actress Olivia Newton-John for the 1978 big-screen adaptation of the musical, and released as a single that same year. It was released in August 1978 as the fourth single from the movie's soundtrack album and became a massive hit worldwide during the summer of 1978. Parts of the song were introduced to a new audience when it was re-released in the 1990s as part of a megamix of several songs from the movie version.

Jim Jacobs
Jim Jacobs (born October 7, 1942) is an American actor, composer, lyricist, and writer for the theatre, long associated with the Chicago theater scene.

Jacobs is best known for creating the book, storyline, characters, and lyrics for the 1971 musical Grease with Warren Casey. Grease was adapted into the film Grease in 1978, which would become one of the most successful film adaptations of a musical in history in terms of gross revenue adjusted for inflation.
Foundation school (medical)
In the United Kingdom, foundation schools are groups of medical education organisations in a region which work together to deliver the UK Foundation Programme, a form of postgraduate education for medical practitioners. These organisations include medical schools, local education and training boards, integrated care systems, and healthcare providers such as NHS trusts, primary care networks, local authority public health departments, and private or voluntary organisations such as hospices and care homes. As of 2025, there are 18 foundation schools covering the country:

Private healthcare in the United Kingdom
Private healthcare in the UK, where universal state-funded healthcare is provided by the National Health Service, is a niche market.

Private healthcare services are normally provided as a top-up for NHS services (free of charge) or funded by employers through medical insurance as part of a benefits package to employees. Most private care is for specialist referrals from the NHS. Private healthcare has cut waiting times for some patients.
Madhavan Mukund
Madhavan Mukund is the Director and a professor of computer science at Chennai Mathematical Institute, a research and education institute in Chennai, India. He has served as President of Indian Association for Research in Computing Science (IARCS) from 2011 to 2017 and President of Association for Computing Machinery (India Council) from 2016 to 2018.  He was elected Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences in 2018. He has been the National Coordinator of the Indian Computing Olympiad since 2001.

He did his B.Tech. in Computer Science and Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay in 1986, and his PhD in Computer Science at Aarhus University in Denmark in 1992.

His research interests include models for concurrent and distributed systems, formal verification and distributed algorithms.

Indian Computing Olympiad
The Indian Computing Olympiad is an annual computer programming competition that selects four participants to represent India at the International Olympiad in Informatics. ICO is conducted by the Indian Association for Research in Computing Science. The competition is held in three stages. For the first stage, students may compete in the Zonal Computing Olympiad (a programming contest), or the Zonal Informatics Olympiad (a paper-based algorithmic test). The following two rounds are the Indian National Olympiad in Informatics and the International Olympiad in Informatics Training Camp.