hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laura Jean Cameron
Laura Jean Cameron (born 1966) is a Canadian human geographer and historian. She is a professor in the Department of Geography and Planning at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Her research interests are in historical geography, environmental history, the history of psychoanalysis, and field recording.

Cameron has authored several books, including Openings: A Meditation on History, Method and Sumas Lake (1997) and Freud in Cambridge (2017; co-authored with John Forrester).

Historical geography
Historical geography is the branch of geography that studies the ways in which geographic phenomena have changed over time. In its modern form, it is a synthesizing discipline which shares both topical and methodological similarities with history, anthropology, ecology, geology, environmental studies, literary studies, and other fields. Although the majority of work in historical geography is considered human geography, the field also encompasses studies of geographic change which are not primarily anthropogenic. Historical geography is often a major component of school and university curricula in geography and social studies. Current research in historical geography is being performed by scholars in more than forty countries.
Gagnier
Gagnier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Gagnier (born 1985), Canadian freeskier

Claire Gagnier (1924–2022), Canadian soprano

Ed Gagnier (baseball) (1882–1946), French-American baseball player

Ed Gagnier (gymnast) (born 1936), American gymnast and coach

Ève Gagnier (1930–1984), actress and singer in Quebec

Gérald Gagnier (1926–1961), Canadian bandmaster, composer, and trumpeter

Holly Gagnier (born 1962), American actress

J.-J. Gagnier (1885–1949), Canadian musician and music educator

John Gagnier (1670?–1740). French orientalist

Joseph Gagnier (1854–1919), Canadian clarinetist

Laurent Gagnier (born 1979), French footballer

Pierre Gagnier, Quebec politician

Regenia Gagnier (born 1953), scholar of Victorian and modern British literature

René Gagnier (1892–1951), Canadian musician

Vincent Gagnier (born 1993), Canadian professional freestyle skier

Regenia Gagnier
Regenia Gagnier FBA (b. 24 June 1953) is a scholar of Victorian and modern British literature, the geopolitics of language and literature migration, world literatures and political economy, and Professor of English at the University of Exeter.
Palmetto Railway
The Palmetto Railway was a Southeastern railroad that served South Carolina and North Carolina in the late 19th century.

The Palmetto Railway was a successor to the Palmetto Railroad which had been chartered by the general assemblies of South Carolina and North Carolina in the 1880s.

In 1895, the Palmetto Railroad was reorganized due to financial difficulties and renamed the Palmetto Railway.

The line stretched from Hamlet, North Carolina, to Cheraw, South Carolina, where it connected with the Cheraw and Darlington Railroad.

In 1900, the Palmetto Railway become part of Seaboard Air Line Railway.

October 13, 2013
South Carolina Public Railways (SCPR) announced Friday its name change to Palmetto Railways, in a move designed to streamline operations and better reflect the state-owned agency's expanding economic development mission.

Cheraw, South Carolina
Cheraw (/tʃəˈrɔː/ chə-RAW, locally /ʃəˈrɔː/ shə-RAW) is a town on the Pee Dee River in Chesterfield County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 5,040 at the 2020 census. The greater Cheraw area in the zip code 29520 has a population of 13,689 according to the 2019 ACS data. It has been nicknamed "The Prettiest Town in Dixie".
Whinless Down
Whinless Down is a  19.3-hectare (48-acre) Local Nature Reserve on the western outskirts of Dover, Kent. It is owned by Dover Town Council and managed by the White Cliffs Countryside Partnership.

Dover Castle can be viewed from the down, which has rare plants such as cypress spurge, horseshoe vetch and crown vetch. There are also uncommon butterflies and moths including Adonis blue, Chalkhill blue, Scarce forester moth and Silver spotted skipper.

There is access by a footpath from Kings Road and paths leading from behind Elms Vale Recreation Ground, There is also access via High Meadow and the adjoining Nemo Down.

Whinless Down, High Meadow and Nemo Down together form a network of pathways covering an area of over 60.7-hectare (150 acres).

Hesperia comma
Hesperia comma, the silver-spotted skipper or common branded skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is known as silver-spotted skipper in Europe and common branded skipper in North America where the butterfly Epargyreus clarus, a spread-winged skipper, also has the common name of "silver-spotted skipper".
Mohammed Sleem
Mohammed Sleem (14 January 1892 – around 1980) was a tennis player and lawyer who represented India at the Davis Cup and Olympic Games. He competed in the singles event at the 1924 Summer Olympics, reaching the third round in which he lost to eventual Olympic champion Vincent Richards. With compatriot Sydney Jacob he competed in the men's doubles event and lost in the first round. Between 1915 and 1931 he won 27 career titles.

Tennis at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
The men's singles tennis competition was one of five tennis events at the 1924 Summer Olympics. There were 82 competitors from 27 nations. Nations were limited to four players each, as they had been in 1920. The event was won by Vincent Richards of the United States, the nation's first victory in the event since 1904 and second overall (tied with South Africa for second-most all-time behind Great Britain's three wins). France and Italy each earned their first men's singles tennis medals, with Henri Cochet's silver and Uberto De Morpurgo's bronze, respectively.
Rotax 915 iS
The Rotax 915 iS is an Austrian aircraft engine, produced by Rotax of Gunskirchen for use in ultralight aircraft, homebuilt aircraft, light-sport aircraft, small helicopters and gyroplanes. The engine was type certified in 2017.

The engine was first publicly displayed at AirVenture in July 2015 and first flown in March 2016.

In January 2016 the engine was named AVweb's "Best New Engine" of 2015.

Type certificate
A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (type design). Certification confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production is in compliance with applicable airworthiness requirements established by the national air law.

For up to three seats, primary category aircraft certification costs around US$1 million, US$25 million for a general aviation aircraft and hundreds of millions of dollars for a commercial aircraft; certification delays can cost millions of dollars and can decide a program's profitability.
Geir Sverrisson
Geir Sverrisson is a paralympic athlete from Iceland competing mainly in category TS4 sprint events.

Geir competed in four Paralympics, competing in two different sports medaling in both.  His first games in 1988 he competed in the swimming events, winning a silver in the 100m breaststroke behind Australian Greg Hammond in a new world record time, he also swam in the 100m freestyle finishing fourth and the 200m medley finishing fifth.  At the 1992 Summer Paralympics Geir broke the games record to win the gold in the 100m breaststroke and finished seventh in his heat of the 100m freestyle, he also competed on the track winning a silver in the 100m, finishing fourth in the 200m and 400m.  At the 1996 Summer Paralympics Geir competed in just track and field winning three silvers in the 100m, 200m and 400m.  Geir also competed in the 2000 Summer Paralympics competing in the same three events he failed to make the final in the 100m and 200m and could only manage seventh.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
2017 Port Macquarie-Hastings mayoral by-election
The 2017 Port Macquarie-Hastings mayoral by-election was held on 29 July 2017 to elect a new mayor of Port Macquarie-Hastings, a local government area in New South Wales, Australia.

The by-election was held following the resignation of mayor Peter Besseling, who resigned on 8 May 2017 just months after being re-elected at the 2016 election.

Peta Pinson was elected mayor with 51.07% of the vote after preferences.

2016 New South Wales local elections
The 2016 New South Wales local elections were held on 10 September 2016 to elect the councils of 79 of the 128 local government areas (LGAs) of New South Wales. Several councils also held mayoral elections and/or referendums.

The elections were conducted by the New South Wales Electoral Commission, with the exception of Fairfield, Gunnedah, Kempsey, Lake Macquarie and Penrith, who chose to conduct their own elections.

The election in Tweed was deferred until 29 October 2016 due to the death of a candidate.
Dark in Here
Dark in Here is the 20th studio album by indie folk band the Mountain Goats, released June 25, 2021 through Merge Records. The album was recorded in March 2020, just one week after Getting Into Knives (2020), at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Dark in Here was produced by Matt Ross-Spang, who also produced Getting Into Knives and engineered In League with Dragons (2019). In addition to being available on streaming and download services, the album was released physically on CD and vinyl.

The album's lead single, "Mobile", featuring organists Spooner Oldham and Will McFarlane, was released on April 20, 2021. "The Slow Parts on Death Metal Albums" was released on May 11, 2021, and the title track "Dark in Here" was released as the final single on June 3, 2021.

The album's cover art is a portion of the painting Valborgsmässoafton i Bergslagen, Grangärde i Dalarna ("Walpurgis Night in Bergslagen, Grandgärde in Dalarna") by Anshelm Schultzberg (1896).

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
Orlyk (surname)
Orlyk is a Ukrainian form of the common Slavic surname Orlik. Notable people with the surname include:

Andriy Orlyk (born 1998), Ukrainian biathlete

Grégoire Orlyk (1702–1759), French military commander

Mariya Orlyk (1930–2022), Ukrainian politician

Pylyp Orlyk (1672–1742), Zaporozhian Cossack starshyna and diplomat

Grégoire Orlyk
Grégoire Orlyk, also Hryhor Orlyk (Ukrainian: Григор Пилипович Орлик; November 5, 1702, Baturyn – November 14, 1759, Minden), was a French military commander, special envoy and member of Louis XV's secret intelligence service. Grégoire Orlyk was born in Ukraine, the son of Ukrainian hetman in exile Pylyp Orlyk and Hanna Hertsyk. He received a good education in Sweden, served in Poland and Saxony, and participated in the secret efforts of France to restore Stanisław Leszczyński to the Polish throne. He later commanded the king's regiment of Royal suédois. For his intelligence work and military exploits he was given the title of comte and promoted to the general's rank of Maréchal de camp. Grégoire Orlyk was an acquaintance of the French philosopher Voltaire, and championed the Ukrainian cause in France and other countries.
Elmer's Tune
"Elmer's Tune" is a 1941 big band and jazz standard written by Elmer Albrecht, Dick Jurgens and Sammy Gallop. Glenn Miller and his Orchestra and Dick Jurgens and his Orchestra both charted with recordings of the composition.

The Glenn Miller recording on RCA Bluebird Records featuring the lyrics by Sammy Gallop reached no. 1 on Billboard in 1941.

Ray Eberle
Raymond Eberle (January 19, 1919 – August 25, 1979) was a vocalist during the Big Band Era, making his name with the Glenn Miller Orchestra. His elder brother, Bob Eberly, sang with the Jimmy Dorsey Orchestra.
Grosmont Formation
The Grosmont Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Frasnian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the hamlet of Grosmont, Alberta, and was first described in well Imperial Grosmont No. 1, in 13-17-67-23W4M, central Alberta by H.R. Belyea in 1952.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
Anti Common Market and Free Trade Party
The Anti Common Market and Free Trade Party was a British political party that opposed Britain's membership of the European Union and fought a number of by-elections in the 1970s and 1980s.  It was also known as the Free Trade Liberal Party and All Party Anti-Common Market.  Among its members were Arthur Seldon and Oliver Smedley.  It saw itself in the Liberal Party tradition and its members were often involved with the free market Institute of Economic Affairs.

By-elections contested included:

1967 Walthamstow West by-election

1972 Sutton and Cheam by-election

1973 Lincoln by-election (As Democratic Conservative)

1977 Saffron Walden by-election

1979 South West Hertfordshire by-election

1980 Southend East by-election

1981 Croydon North West by-election

1983 Bermondsey by-election

1988 Kensington by-election

1980 Southend East by-election
The 1980 Southend East by-election of 13 March 1980 was held after the death of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Stephen McAdden on 26 December 1979. The seat was narrowly held by the Tories in the by-election.
Showbox
Showbox Co., Ltd. (Korean: 쇼박스) is a South Korean film distribution and production company. It is one of the largest film distribution companies in South Korea, founded in 1999. Showbox is the film investment, production and distribution branch of Mediaplex, Inc., entertainment arm of Orion Group and Kumho Asiana Group. Its main competitors for domestic box office are CJ Entertainment, Lotte Entertainment and Next Entertainment World. Despite having very short history in the industry, they managed to have top 6 of 10 blockbusters in Korean box office history, number 1 being 2012's The Thieves.

Film distributor
A film distributor is a person responsible for the marketing of a film. The distribution company may be the same as, or different from, the production company. Distribution deals are an important part of financing a film.

The distributor may set the release date of a film and the method by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing; for example, directly to the public either theatrically or for home viewing (DVD, video-on-demand, download, television programs through broadcast syndication etc.). A distributor may do this directly, if the distributor owns the theaters or film distribution networks, or through theatrical exhibitors and other sub-distributors. A limited distributor may deal only with particular products, such as DVDs or Blu-ray, or may act in a particular country or market. The primary distributor will often receive credit in the film's credits, one sheet or other marketing material.
Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball
The Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball team represents Illinois State University, located in Normal, Illinois, in NCAA Division I basketball competition. They are currently led by head coach Ryan Pedon and play their home games at CEFCU Arena as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference.  They have the distinction of earning the most National Invitation Tournament berths (14) without making the semifinals, and also have the longest current NCAA tournament drought (27 seasons) among Missouri Valley Conference members. The Redbirds have appeared in the NCAA tournament six times, most recently in 1998.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
Erigeron kuschei
Erigeron kuschei is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Chiricahua fleabane. It is endemic to Arizona in the southwestern United States, where it is known from two locations in the Chiricahua Mountains.

Erigeron kuschei is a rhizomatous perennial herb produces hairy stems a few centimeters tall. The leaves are spatula-shaped to lance-shaped and up to 6 cm (2.4 in) long near the base of the plant. The flower heads are lined with hairy, glandular phyllaries and contain many white ray florets each up to 1.1 cm (0.43 in) long surrounding numerous yellow disc florets.

This plant grows in shady spots on north-facing cliffs and outcrops, often in mossy spots among conifers.

The species is named for botanist J. August Kusche.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
Arriërveld
Arriërveld is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Ommen, and lies about 18 km (11 mi) south of Hoogeveen.

It was first mentioned in 1867 as Arriën Veld, and means field near Arriën. The postal authorities have placed it under Arriën.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
Pigs (Three Different Ones)
"Pigs (Three Different Ones)" is a song from Pink Floyd's 1977 album Animals. In the album's three parts, "Dogs", "Pigs" and "Sheep", pigs represent the people whom the band considers to be at the top of the social ladder, the ones with wealth and power; they also manipulate the rest of society and encourage them to be viciously competitive and cut-throat, so the pigs can remain powerful.

Talk box
A talk box (also spelled talkbox and talk-box) is an effects unit that allows musicians to modify the sound of a musical instrument by shaping the frequency content of the sound and to apply speech sounds (in the same way as singing) onto the sounds of the instrument. Typically, a talk box directs sound from the instrument into the musician's mouth by means of a plastic tube adjacent to a vocal microphone. The musician controls the modification of the instrument's sound by changing the shape of the mouth, "vocalizing" the instrument's output into a microphone.
The Silent Partner (1939 film)
The Silent Partner (Italian: Il socio invisibile) is a 1939 Italian drama film directed by Roberto Roberti and starring Carlo Romano, Clara Calamai and Evi Maltagliati. It is based on the 1928 novel The Partner by Jenaro Prieto, which was turned into a British film The Mysterious Mr. Davis the same year.

It was made by the Rome-based Scalera Films. The sets were designed by the art directors Gustav Abel and Alfredo Manzi.

Roberto Roberti
Vincenzo Leone (24 July 1879 – 10 January 1959), known professionally as Roberto Roberti, was an Italian actor, screenwriter and film director. He made over sixty films, mostly during the silent era. He was married to the actress Bice Waleran. Their son Sergio Leone became a celebrated director.

During the 1910s Roberti made a number of films for the Turin-based Aquila Films, often featuring his wife in a leading role. He then moved to Caesar Film where he directed eighteen films starring the diva Francesca Bertini.
Phillip A. Maxwell
Phillip Alan Maxwell (5 April 1940 – 5 February 2007), was a New Zealand palaeontologist and malacologist, who became known as an expert on early to middle Cenozoic mollusca during the latter 20th century.

Waihao River
The Waihao River is a natural watercourse in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows into the Wainono Lagoon near Studholme.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives translations of "water of net fishing" or "water with eels" for Waihao. Hao refers to the shortfin eel.
Cassette culture
The cassette culture (also known as the tape/cassette scene or cassette underground) is the amateur production and distribution of music and sound art on compact cassette that emerged in the mid-1970s. The cassette was used by fine artists and poets for the independent distribution of new work. An independent music scene based on the cassette burgeoned internationally in the second half of the 1970s.

Sounds (magazine)
Sounds was a UK weekly pop/rock music newspaper, published from 10 October 1970 to 6 April 1991. It was known for giving away posters in the centre of the paper (initially black and white, then colour from late 1971) and later for covering heavy metal (especially the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM)), punk and Oi! music in its late 1970s–early 1980s heyday. Additionally, the magazine was responsible for coining the term "new musick", which would later become known as "post-punk".