hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Hasker
R. William Hasker (/ˈhæskər/; born 1935) is an American philosopher and Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Huntington University. For many years, he was editor of Faith and Philosophy and has published many journal articles and books dealing with issues such as the mind–body problem, theodicy, and divine omniscience.

Theodicy
A theodicy (from Ancient Greek θεός theos, "god" and δίκη dikē, "justice"), meaning 'vindication of God', is an argument in the philosophy of religion that attempts to resolve the problem of evil, which arises when all power (omnipotence) and all goodness (omnibenevolence) are attributed to God simultaneously.

Unlike a defense, which tries only to demonstrate that God and evil can logically coexist, a theodicy additionally provides a framework in which God and evil's existence are considered plausible. The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz coined the term theodicy in his book Théodicée (1710), though numerous responses to the problem of evil had previously been offered.

Similar to a theodicy, a cosmodicy attempts to justify the fundamental goodness of the universe, while an anthropodicy attempts similar justification of human nature.
Taungpulu Kaba-Aye Sayadaw
Taungpulu Tawya Kaba-Aye Sayadaw U Nandiya (Burmese: တောင်ပုလုတောရကမ္ဘာအေးဆရာတော်ဦးနန္ဒိယ, 20 March 1897 – 7 June 1986 ) was an influential Theravada Buddhist monk. Taungpulu Sayadaw was born in Tesu Village, Wundwin Township of Myanmar. He was the eldest chief of U Yan and Daw Shwe The. His childhood name was Maung Paw Lar.

He was founder of the Taungpulu Kaba Aye Monastery in Boulder Creek, California.

Boulder Creek, California
Boulder Creek (/ˈbəʊl.dər ˈkriːk/) is an unincorporated place in the coastal Santa Cruz Mountains. It is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, California, with a population of 5,429 as of the 2020 census. Throughout its history, Boulder Creek has been home to a logging town and a resort community, as well as a counter-culture haven. Today, it is identified as the gateway to Big Basin Redwoods State Park.
Master of Crossbowmen
The Master of Crossbowmen (French: Maître des Arbalétriers) or more precisely, Master of Arbalesters or Master of Archers was the title of a commander of the Infantry of the French army (the "host") in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.  The position was an honorific title, not a military rank, created by Louis IX.  The position existed until the reign of François I, when its duties were transferred to the Grand Master of Artillery.

The Master of the Crossbowmen commanded all archers (longbow, arbalest, crossbow, etc.), engineers and workers on siege engines, sappers ("sapeurs") and miners for mining fortifications during siege warfare.  He was under the command of the Constable of France and the Marshals.  Under his command was the Master of Artillery, who would come to more prominence in the reign of Louis XI, with the increased use of artillery.

The office is often considered one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France.

Longbow
A longbow is a type of tall bow that makes a long draw possible. Longbows for hunting and warfare have been made from many different woods in many cultures; in Europe they date from the Paleolithic era and, since the Bronze Age, were made mainly from yew, or from wych elm if yew was unavailable. The historical longbow was a self bow made of a single piece of wood, but modern longbows may also be made from modern materials or by gluing different timbers together.
Tokuyuki Hidaka
Tokuyuki Hidaka (born August 31, 1916) played for Hankyu of the Japanese Baseball League in 1936 and 1940. He was without a hit in 15 at-bats the first season and was 0-for-1 the latter. As a pitcher, he started a game in 1940, going 0–1 with an 11.57 ERA. He also played outfielder and first base.

He attended Heian High School and pitched in the 1933 Japanese High School Baseball Championship.

Japanese Baseball League
The Japanese Baseball League (日本野球連盟, Nihon Yakyū Renmei) was a professional baseball league in Japan which operated from 1936 to 1949, before reorganizing in 1950 as Nippon Professional Baseball.

The league's dominant team was Tokyo Kyojin (renamed the Yomiuri Giants in 1947), which won nine league championships, including six in a row from 1938 to 1943, when many of Japan's best players were serving in the Imperial Japanese Army.

Standout players from the Japanese Baseball League era included Haruyasu Nakajima, Tetsuharu Kawakami, and Kazuto Tsuruoka; pitchers Hideo Fujimoto, Eiji Sawamura, Victor Starffin, and Tadashi Wakabayashi; and two-way players Fumio Fujimura, Shosei Go, Masaru Kageura, and Jiro Noguchi.
Pacaltsdorp
Pacaltsdorp is a suburb of George, Western Cape. In the Apartheid era, it was the coloured township associated with George but administrated independently. The N2 highway provided the natural boundary between the two, enforced by a curfew.

The mission station Hoogekraal was named Pacaltsdorp after the death of the German-speaking missionary of Czech origin, the Reverend Charles Pacalt in 1818. He was invited by Kaptein Dikkop, leader of a Khoikhoi tribe living in the area. He built up a congregation of about 300 Khoekhoen, slaves and free labourers.

Stone-curlew
The stone-curlews, also known as dikkops or thick-knees, consist of 10 species within the family Burhinidae, and are found throughout the tropical and temperate parts of the world, with two or more species occurring in some areas of Africa, Asia, and Australia. Despite the group being classified as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semiarid habitats.
Abu al-Mundhir
Abu al-Mundhir (Arabic: أبو المنذر; ? – 1114 in Yabisa, Eastern Isles of Al-Andalus) was an Andalusi Muslim military commander, originally a Catalan renegade from Girona. By the time of the Catalan-Pisan expedition against Mayurqa, he was designated directly by the wali of Mayurqa as the commander of the Muslim forces that defended Yabisa from the Pisan invaders. He is reported to have disappeared during the catastrophe that followed the fall of madinat Yabisa to the Pisan besieging army.

Ibiza (city)
Ibiza (Spanish: [iˈβiθa]; Catalan: Eivissa [əjˈvisə], commonly also Vila d'Eivissa [ˈvilə ðəjˈvisə] or simply Vila [ˈvilə]) is a city and municipality located on the southeast coast of the island of Ibiza in the Balearic Islands autonomous community.

The city is commonly divided into two parts: the old town, located on a fortified hilltop and called the Dalt Vila (literally "Upper Town") and the more modern part, called the Eixample ("Extension").

Sights in the city include the cathedral of Santa Maria d'Eivissa, located at the top of the Dalt Vila, and the Punic necropolis of Puig des Molins. Nearby is the Sagrat Cor de Jesus monument, a 23-metre-high (75 ft) statue inspired by Christ the Redeemer, which is 3.1 miles (5.0 km) north of the city.
ZK-283197
ZK-283197 (also known as BAY 86-5310 or SH-T04211C) is a selective and orally active ERβ agonist which was under development by Bayer Healthcare AG for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. It reached phase II clinical trials prior to the discontinuation of its development. Its development was terminated in 2014.

Phases of clinical research
The phases of clinical research are the stages in which scientists conduct experiments with a health intervention to obtain sufficient evidence for a process considered effective as a medical treatment. For drug development, the clinical phases start with testing for drug safety in a few human subjects, then expand to many study participants (potentially tens of thousands) to determine if the treatment is effective. Clinical research is conducted on drug candidates, vaccine candidates, new medical devices, and new diagnostic assays.
Henry Mace
Henry Mace (4 June 1837 – 19 July 1902) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Wellington in the 1877–78 season.

Harry Mace was born in England, at Bedale in Yorkshire, in 1837 and educated at Bedale School. Along with his older brothers John and Christopher Mace, he emigrated, first to the Colony of Victoria in Australia and then, in the early 1860s, to New Zealand during the Otago gold rush—Harry travelling first to New Zealand in 1861. Christopher and Harry established a partnership to mine on the Arrow River in Northern Otago and the settlement of Macetown there is named after the three brothers. The partnership was dissolved in 1865, although Christopher stayed in the area, mining with Richard Canovan.

Harry Mace later developed a business as a manufacturer of cordial. He died in 1902 at New Brighton in Christchurch aged 65 of rheumatic fever.

Arrow River (New Zealand)
The Arrow River (Māori: Haehaenui) is a short river in Otago, New Zealand. It is a tributary of the Kawarau River, which in turn feeds into the Clutha River. The historic gold mining town of Arrowtown lies on the banks of the Arrow River.
Sankar Roy (politician)
Sankar Roy is an Indian politician from Tripura. He served as the MLA of the Tripura Legislative Assembly from the Sabroom constituency since 2018 to 2023. In 2023 Tripura Legislative Assembly election he lost to CPI(M) candidate Jitendra Chaudhury.

Tripura Legislative Assembly
The Tripura Legislative Assembly or Tripura Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tripura, with 60 Members of the Legislative Assembly. The present Assembly is located in Gurkhabasti. Ujjayanta Palace in Agartala served as the previous meeting place. The tenure of the Assembly is five years unless sooner dissolved. The present Assembly is the 13th Legislative Assembly, where the current speaker of the House is Biswa Bandhu Sen since 24 March 2023. On 15 August 1957, a Territorial Council was formed with 30 elected members and two members nominated by the Government of India.
2023 Pakistan Super League final
The 2023 Pakistan Super League final was a Twenty20 cricket match played between defending champion Lahore Qalandars and Multan Sultans to decide the champions of the 2023 Pakistan Super League on 18 March 2023 at the Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore, Pakistan.

Lahore Qalandars won the match by 1 run, to win their second Pakistan Super League title.

The match was originally scheduled to be played on 19 March 2023 but was rescheduled due to forecasted bad weather.

Khushdil Shah
Khushdil Shah (Urdu, Pashto: خوشدل شاہ; born 7 February 1995) is a Pakistani international cricketer who played for Federally Administered Tribal Areas. He played for Multan Sultans in the Pakistan Super League. He made his international debut for the Pakistan cricket team in November 2019.
Bengt Berg (ornithologist)
Bengt Magnus Kristoffer Berg (9 January 1885 – 31 July 1967) was a Swedish ornithologist, zoologist, wildlife photographer, and writer. He is best remembered for photos and movies of birds, taken on several expeditions. His avifauna photography is highly celebrated.

Wildlife photography
Wildlife photography is a genre of photography concerned with documenting various forms of wildlife in their natural habitat.

As well as requiring photography skills, wildlife photographers may need field craft skills. For example, some animals and birds are difficult to approach and thus a knowledge of the animal's and birds behavior is needed in order to be able to predict its actions. Photographing some species may require stalking skills or the use of a hide/blind for concealment.

While wildlife photographs can be taken using basic equipment, successful photography of some types of wildlife requires specialist equipment, such as macro lenses for insects, long focal length lenses for birds and underwater cameras for marine life.
Yevgenia Dyupina
Yevgenia Andreyevna Dyupina (Russian: Евгения Андреевна Дюпина) (born 30 June 1994) is a Russian ice hockey player for HC Dinamo Saint Petersburg and the Russian national team. She participated at the 2015 IIHF Women's World Championship.

Russia women's national ice hockey team
The Russian women's national ice hockey team represents Russia at the International Ice Hockey Federation's IIHF World Women's Championships. The women's national team is controlled by the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Ice Hockey Federation suspended Russia from all levels of competition.
London Buses route 394
London Buses route 394 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between Homerton University Hospital and Islington, it is operated by Stagecoach London subsidiary East London.

Stagecoach London
Stagecoach London is a major bus operator in Greater London. It is a subsidiary of Stagecoach and operates services under contract to Transport for London mostly in East and South East London, as well as some services running into Central London.

It is the largest subsidiary of the Stagecoach Group, with 283.4 million passengers journeys taken on Stagecoach London buses between May 2018 and April 2019, and as of March 2025, the fleet consisted of 1,504 buses.
Nicholas Breakspear School
Nicholas Breakspear Catholic School (NBS) is a secondary school with academy status situated on the rural fringe of St Albans, an old Roman city in Hertfordshire, England.

The school takes its name from the 12th-century priest St Albans-born and educated Nicholas Breakspear, who, as Pope Adrian IV, is the only Englishman ever to have occupied the papal chair. The school makes an annual pilgrimage to his tomb in Rome. (The school goes to Rome each year, but has only once gone to the tomb)

St Albans
St Albans (/sənt ˈɔːlbənz/) is a cathedral city in Hertfordshire, England, east of Hemel Hempstead and west of Hatfield, 20 miles (32 km) north-west of London, 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Welwyn Garden City and 11 miles (18 km) south-east of Luton. St Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street for travellers heading north and became the city of Verulamium. It has a population of 82,146.
Ernst Toch
Ernst Toch (German: [ˈtɔχ]; 7 December 1887 – 1 October 1964) was an Austrian composer of European classical music and film scores, who from 1933 worked as an émigré in Paris, London and New York. He sought throughout his life to introduce new approaches to music.

The Private Life of Don Juan
The Private Life of Don Juan is a 1934 British comedy-drama film directed by Alexander Korda and starring Douglas Fairbanks, Merle Oberon and Benita Hume. At the age of 51, it was the final role of Fairbanks, who died five years later. The film is about the life of the aging Don Juan, based on the 1920 play L'homme à la Rose (English: The Man With the Rose) by Henry Bataille. It was made by Korda's London Film Productions at British & Dominion Studios in Elstree/Borehamwood and distributed by United Artists.
Alexey Yezubov
Alexey Petrovich Yezubov (Russian: Алексей Петрович Езубов; born 10 February 1948, Khutor Sokol'skiy, Ust-Labinsky District) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

After graduating from the Ordzhonikidze Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile Command School of Air Defense, Yezubov served at the Soviet Armed Forces. In 1997, he was appointed Deputy Financial Director of Siberian Aluminum LLC. From 1997 to 2002, he headed the agricultural, industrial group Basic Element. He was a member of the boards of directors of various companies and industrial organizations, including the Moscow non-ferrous metal processing plant, the Sayan aluminium plant, Avtogazbank, and others. In 2007, he was elected deputy of the 5th State Duma from the Krasnodar Krai constituency. In 2011, 2016, and 2021, he was re-elected for the 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas, respectively.

Basic Element (company)
Basic Element Ltd. (Russian: Ба́зовый элеме́нт, romanized: Bazovy element, IPA: [ˈbazəvɨj ɨlʲɪˈmʲent], or simply Базэл) is one of the largest diversified industrial groups in Russia. The company was founded in 1997 and is owned by Oleg Deripaska. It is based in the British tax haven of Jersey and is headquartered in Moscow. It was known as Siberian Aluminum until 2001.
Pechoin
Pechoin (Chinese: 百雀羚) is a skin care brand under Shanghai Pehchaolin Daily Chemical Co Ltd based in Shanghai, China. Originally founded in 1931, Pechoin is China's first domestic skincare brand. The company manufactures cosmetic products including skincare products and perfumes. It is one of the largest skincare companies in China and a leading Chinese cosmetics brand. In 2013, Pechoin products were recognized as "national gifts (国礼)" of the People's Republic of China.

Skin care
Skin care or skincare is the practice of maintaining and improving the health and appearance of the skin. It includes washing, moisturizing, protecting from the sun, and treating skin problems like acne and dryness.

Skin care is at the interface of cosmetics and dermatology. Skin care differs from dermatology by its inclusion of non-physician professionals, such as estheticians and nursing staff. Skin care includes modifications of individual behavior and of environmental and working conditions. Skin care is applied during recovery from wound healing, radiation therapy, and the management of some medications.

Skin care needs vary according to age, diseases, wounds, exposure to the sun, environmental extremes, and chemicals. Skin care products exist as regulated prescription drugs and as topical agents marketed as cosmetics but having no clinical proof of efficacy. A skin care physician is called a dermatologist.
Aldover
Aldover (Catalan pronunciation: [aldoˈβe]) is a municipality in the comarca of Baix Ebre, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 880 (register office, 2024) .

There was a RENFE railway line from Tortosa to Alcañiz and Zaragoza that used to pass through this town until 1973. This line was dismantled as a result of a 1962 World Bank report advising the Spanish State to concentrate investment in the great lines and to abandon the less profitable railways connecting rural areas. Since the line was terminated, the rails were pulled off and the Aldover train station buildings lie abandoned.

Alcañiz
Alcañiz (Spanish: [alkaˈɲiθ] ⓘ) is a town and municipality of Teruel province in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. The town is located on the banks of the river Guadalope. Alcañiz is the unofficial capital of the Lower Aragon historical region. It lies some 113 km (70 mi) from Teruel, the provincial capital, and 92 km (57 mi) from Zaragoza, the capital of Aragon.

Alcañiz is the capital of the Bajo Aragón comarca and the second city in the province after Teruel.
Ave verum corpus
Ave verum corpus is a short Eucharistic chant that has been set to music by many composers. It dates to the 13th century, first recorded in a central Italian Franciscan manuscript (Chicago, Newberry Library, 24). A Reichenau manuscript of the 14th century attributes it to Pope Innocent (variously identified as Innocent III, Innocent IV, Innocent V, or Innocent VI)

During the Middle Ages, it was sung at the elevation of the Eucharist during the consecration at Mass. It was also used frequently during Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.

The prayer is a meditation on Jesus's Real Presence in the Blessed Sacrament, and ties it to the redemptive meaning of suffering in the life of all believers.

Redemptive suffering
Redemptive suffering is the Christian belief that human suffering, when accepted and offered up in union with the Passion of Jesus, can remit the just punishment for one's sins or for the sins of another, or for the other physical or spiritual needs of oneself or another. In Christianity, it is a tenet of Catholic theology, although it is taught in Reformed doctrine as well.

Pope John Paul II stated, "Each man, in his sufferings, can also become a sharer in the redemptive suffering of Christ". (cf. Colossians 1:24) Like an indulgence, redemptive suffering does not gain the individual forgiveness for their sin; forgiveness results from God's grace, freely given through Christ, which cannot be earned. (see Romans 4:3-5)
Parallel (operator)
The parallel operator  (pronounced "parallel", following the parallel lines notation from geometry; also known as reduced sum, parallel sum or parallel addition) is a binary operation which is used as a shorthand in electrical engineering, but is also used in kinetics, fluid mechanics and financial mathematics. The name parallel comes from the use of the operator computing the combined resistance of resistors in parallel.

HP 30b
The HP 30b (NW238AA, variously codenamed "Big Euro", "Mid Euro" and "Fox") is a programmable financial calculator from HP which was released on 7 January 2010. The HP 30b is an advanced version of the HP's prior model HP 20b. Featuring a two line alpha numeric display, ability to input data via Reverse Polish Notation, Algebraic and normal Chain algebraic methods, and twelve digit display.

This ARM powered calculator also has some limited scientific functions which is relatively rare in financial calculators. Also, it has a built in Black-Scholes Equation, for calculating theoretical premium for calls and puts, Modified Internal Rate of Return and Financial Management Rate of Return, a first.

The HP 30b is not allowed in any major exam like CFA Charter exam.
Tehemton Erach Udwadia
Tehemton Erach Udwadia (15 July 1934 – 7 January 2023) was an Indian surgeon and gastroenterologist, considered by many as the father of laparoscopic surgery in India. He was a general surgeon at two Mumbai hospitals, Breach Candy Hospital and Hinduja Hospital and was the founder president of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo-Surgeons. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2006 and the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan in 2017  for his contributions to Indian medicine. He has shared his experience through his book- More than just surgery.

Breach Candy Hospital
Breach Candy Hospital is a private hospital located in Mumbai, India. It is located in the Breach Candy area of South Mumbai.  It is well known for the rich and famous patients that have been in the hospital.
Days of Self Destruction
"Days of Self Destruction" is a song by American rock band CKY. Written and produced by the band's vocalist and guitarist Chad I Ginsburg, it features additional guitar by Mastodon's Brent Hinds. The track is featured on the band's 2017 fifth studio album The Phoenix, and was released as the first single from the album on May 1, 2017. "Days of Self Destruction" is the first song released by CKY since its return in 2016 following the 2011 departure of original frontman Deron Miller.

Jess Margera
Jesse Margera (born August 28, 1978) is an American musician. He is best known as the drummer of the rock band CKY, which he co-founded in 1998. Prior to CKY, Margera performed in the band Foreign Objects with former CKY vocalist and guitarist Deron Miller, and he has since worked with Gnarkill, Viking Skull, The Company Band, Fuckface Unstoppable, and Sovereign Eagle. Margera has also appeared in the CKY video series and the Viva La Bam and Jackass television series alongside his brother Bam.