hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008–09 Ukrainian First League
The 2008–09 Ukrainian First League was the eighteenth since its establishment. The Professional Football League (PFL) decreased the number of teams in the league. This season, there are 18 teams instead of 20 teams competing. Two of the teams were relegated from the 2007–08 Ukrainian Premier League and two were promoted from the 2007–08 Ukrainian Second League. To decrease the number of teams in the competition 4 teams were relegated from the 2007–08 Ukrainian First League season.

FC Komunalnyk Luhansk
FC Komunalnyk Luhansk was a professional football team based in Luhansk, Ukraine. Komunalnyk Luhansk played in the Ukrainian Second League. It gained professional status in 2007. It played games on Enerhetyk Stadium in Severodonetsk. After winning the Druha Liha B Championship, Komunalnyk Luhansk were promoted to the Persha Liha for the 2008/09 season.

After competing in thirteen rounds of the competition Komunalnyk Luhansk withdrew from the PFL on October 17, 2008, and lost their professional status.
Madeline Schizas
Madeline Schizas (born February 14, 2003) is a Canadian figure skater. She is a three-time ISU Challenger Series bronze medallist, the 2020 Challenge Cup bronze medallist, and a four-time Canadian national champion (2022–23, 2025–26). She represented Canada at the 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics.

Kim Chae-yeon (figure skater)
Kim Chae-yeon (Korean: 김채연; born 8 December 2006) is a South Korean figure skater. She is the 2024 World bronze medalist, the 2025 Four Continents champion and 2024 Four Continents silver medalist, the 2023 Skate Canada International silver medalist, the 2024 Cup of China bronze medalist, a four-time ISU Challenger Series medalist (including two gold), the 2025 Asian Winter Games champion, the 2024 Shanghai Trophy champion, and the 2025 South Korean national champion.

At the junior level, she is the 2022–23 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist and a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist.

Kim Chae-yeon medaled at the World Championships after practicing figure skating for only 7 years, a rare feat in the history of the sport.
Gudangaay Tlaats'gaa Naay Secondary School
Gudangaay Tlaats'gaa Naay Secondary (formerly George M. Dawson Secondary School), is a public high school in Masset, British Columbia. It is one of two secondary schools and one of six schools in School District 50 Haida Gwaii. George Mercer Dawson Secondary officially opened on October 19, 1970, and was named after George Mercer Dawson, a Canadian scientist, surveyor and eminent authority on ethnology and archeology who undertook the Canadian Governments Geological Survey of Haida Gwaii, formerly named Queen Charlotte Islands. In September 2016, the school was renamed to Gudangaay Tlaats'gaa Naay Secondary by unanimous decision of the SD50 School Board.

Some internationally renowned Haida Artists such as Robert Davidson, Reginald Davidson and Jim Hart attended Masset High School prior to its renaming.

Robert Davidson (artist)
Robert Charles Davidson OC OBC RCA (born 4 November 1946), is a Canadian artist of Haida heritage. Davidson's Haida name is G̲uud San Glans, which means "Eagle of the Dawn". He is a leading figure in the renaissance of Haida art and culture. He lives in White Rock, British Columbia.
Female infanticide in India
Female infanticide in India has a history spanning centuries. Poverty, the dowry system, births to unmarried women, deformed infants, famine, lack of support services, and maternal illnesses such as postpartum depression are among the causes that have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of female infanticide in India.

Although infanticide has been criminalized in India, it remains an under-reported crime due to the lack of reliable data. In 2010, the National Crime Records Bureau reported approximately 100 male and female infanticides, producing an official rate of less than one case of infanticide per million people.

The Indian practice of female infanticide and of sex-selective abortion have been cited to explain in part a gender imbalance that has been reported as being increasingly distorted since the 1991 Census of India, although there are also other influences that might affect the trend.

Dowry system in India
The dowry system in India refers to the durable goods, cash, and real or movable property that the bride's family gives to the groom, his parents, and his relatives as a condition of the marriage. Dowry is called "दहेज" in Hindi and as جہیز in Urdu.

Traditionally, the dowry served as the inheritance for the daughter, as her relationship was seen as severed from her parents at the time of marriage, and is sometimes negotiated as consideration or a "status equalizer" between the marrying families, often as a means of upward mobility. However, the system can put great financial burden on the bride's family. In some cases, requests for a dowry has led to crimes against women, ranging from emotional abuse and injury to death.
Willow (Reflections album)
Willow is the fourth studio album by American progressive metalcore band Reflections. The album was released on February 20, 2020. This was the first and only album to feature Logan Young, who left the band a year after the album released, and the final album to feature Patrick Somoulay, and Francis Xayana, who both left the band on January 26, 2026, having accused vocalist Jake Wolf of supporting ICE.

The album has many influences including Humanity's Last Breath's self-titled debut, Mick Gordon's soundtrack for Doom, ex-Periphery drummer Travis Orbin, Hate by Thy Art Is Murder, Danza III: The Series of Unfortunate Events by The Tony Danza Tapdance Extravaganza, Divided By by Structures, and the first two Slipknot albums.

Hate (Thy Art Is Murder album)
Hate is the second studio album by Australian deathcore band Thy Art Is Murder. The album was released on 19 October 2012, through Halfcut Records, but was reissued on 5 April 2013, through Nuclear Blast after the band signed to the label. The album debuted at no. 35 on the ARIA Charts, making Thy Art Is Murder the first extreme metal band ever to break the top 40. The album also reached no. 1 on AIR and peaked at 31 on the Top Heatseekers chart. On 31 March 2013, Metal Hammer began streaming the album in full, in anticipation of the Nuclear Blast re-release. It is the band's only album with guitarist Tom Brown, as well as the first album on which current guitarist Sean Delander plays bass.
All Saints Church, Ballidon
All Saints Church is a redundant Anglican church located to the south of the village of Ballidon, Derbyshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and is under the care of the Friends of Friendless Churches.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Tour Kaputt
Tour Kaputt is a 2011 live album by the progressive rock group The Flower Kings. The CD was recorded at Cultuurpodium Boerderij in Zoetermeer, Netherlands, in 2007, during the tour for The Sum Of No Evil for which the band enlisted as guest drummer Pat Mastelotto of King Crimson fame. The title of the album is a reference to one of the crew's comments after the group's tour bus struck an animal.

Zoetermeer
Zoetermeer (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌzutərˈmeːr] ⓘ) is a city in the Western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 37.05 km2 (14.31 sq mi) of which 2.60 km2 (1.00 sq mi) is water. A small village until the late 1960s, it had 6,392 inhabitants in 1950. By 2023 this had grown to 126,998, making it the fourth largest population centre in the province of South Holland, after Rotterdam, The Hague and Leiden. While now a city in its own right, Zoetermeer started out as a suburb of The Hague and is still a part of the Greater The Hague urban area.

The name Zoetermeer (Dutch for "freshwater lake") refers to the former lake north of the town (reclaimed in 1614). Because the name literally translates as "sweet lake" local residents have dubbed Zoetermeer "Sweet Lake City".
Sumida, Tokyo
Sumida (墨田区, Sumida-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The English translation of its Japanese self-designation is Sumida City.

As of 1 April 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 287,766 and a population density of 20,120 persons per km2. Its total area is 13.77 km2.

Sumida's city office is located in Azumabashi, while its commercial center is the area around Kinshicho Station in the south.

Tobu Railway
The Tobu Railway Company, Ltd. (東武鉄道株式会社, Tōbu Tetsudō kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese commuter railway and keiretsu holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's 463.3 km (287.9 mi) rail system is the second longest in Japan after Kintetsu. It serves large portions of Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture, as well as northern Tokyo and western Chiba Prefecture. The Tobu Railway Company is listed in the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 index.

The Tobu corporate group is also engaged in road transportation (bus/taxi), real estate, and retail. It is the owner of the Tokyo Skytree, the third tallest tower in the world. The company is a member of the Fuyo Group keiretsu.

The name "Tobu" is formed from the kanji for east (東) and Musashi (武蔵), the initial area served.
Akaimia
Akaimia is an extinct genus of carpet sharks which existed across Europe. Two species are known, the type species A. altucuspis from the middle or late Jurassic (Callovian or Oxfordian age) of Ogrodzieniec near Zawiercie, southern Poland, and A. myriacuspis, from the middle Jurassic (Callovian) of the Oxford Clay, near Peterborough. It was first named by Jan Rees in 2010.

Zawiercie
Zawiercie ([zaˈvʲɛrt͡ɕɛ] ⓘ) (Yiddish: זאוויערטשע, romanized: Zavirtshe) is a town in southern Poland located in the Silesian Voivodeship with 49,334 inhabitants (2019). It is situated in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland near the source of the Warta River. The town lies near the historical region of Silesia, but belongs to Lesser Poland.

Zawiercie is an industrial town with a rich history of iron manufacturing dating back to the 15th century, with other industries developed since the 19th century. It contains both historical Baroque architecture and preserved historical industrial heritage. It is home to notable volleyball club Warta Zawiercie.
Archdiocese of Xalapa
The Archdiocese of Xalapa (Latin: Archidioecesis Ialapensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Mexico. Its episcopal see is Xalapa, Veracruz. A metropolitan see, its ecclesiastical province includes the suffragan dioceses of Coatzacoalcos, Córdoba, Orizaba, Papantla, San Andrés Tuxtla, Tuxpan and Veracruz.

Xalapa
Xalapa or Jalapa (English: /həˈlɑːpə/, Spanish: [xaˈlapa] ⓘ), officially Xalapa-Enríquez (IPA: [xaˈlapa enˈrikes]), is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In 2020 census the city reported a population of 443,063 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of 488,531. The municipality has an area of 118.45 km2. Xalapa lies near the geographic center of the state and is the second-largest city in the state after the city of Veracruz to the southeast.
Windygates, Manitoba
Windygates is a locality in south central Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 29 kilometers (18 miles) southwest of Morden, Manitoba near the Canada–United States border in the Municipality of Pembina.

Morden, Manitoba
Morden is a city located in the Pembina Valley region of southern Manitoba, Canada, near the United States border. It is about 11 km (6.8 mi) west of the neighbouring city of Winkler and they are often referred to as Manitoba's Twin Cities. Morden, which is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Stanley, is the eighth largest and fastest-growing city in Manitoba. According to Statistics Canada, the city had a population of 9,929 in 2021, an increase of 14.5% from 2016, making it Manitoba's fastest growing city.
Oliver F. Naquin
Rear Admiral Oliver Francis Naquin, United States Navy (March 24, 1904 – November 13, 1989) was born in New Orleans, and was a 1925 graduate of the United States Naval Academy. He was one of 33 men rescued by the McCann Rescue Chamber when the submarine USS Squalus sank in 240 feet of water during routine sea trials in the Atlantic Ocean off Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on May 23, 1939, and was rescued in a two-day rescue operation.

Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Portsmouth is a city in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. It had a population of 21,956 at the 2020 census. A historic seaport and popular summer tourist destination on the Piscataqua River bordering the state of Maine, Portsmouth was formerly the home of the Pease Air Force Base, since converted to Portsmouth International Airport at Pease.
RoboNexus
RoboNexus was a robotics event in the United States held from 2004 to 2005. Over 10,000 attended RoboNexus in 2004.

RoboNexus showcased advances in robotics for both industry representatives and the general public.  Notable exhibitors included the company iRobot, creators of Roomba, and NASA.

Robotics Trends also produces an annual RoboBusiness conference.

IRobot
iRobot Corporation is an American technology company that designs and builds consumer robots. It was founded in 1990 by three members of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Lab, who designed robots for space exploration and military defense. The company's products include a range of autonomous home vacuum cleaners (Roomba), floor moppers (Braava), and other autonomous cleaning devices. As of December 2025, it was acquired by Shenzhen Picea Robotics, their primary designer for their new line of robots up until they filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

A planned takeover deal by Amazon.com for US$1.7 billion, announced in August 2022, collapsed in January 2024 amid antitrust scrutiny by the European Commission. The company filed for bankruptcy in December 2025 and intends to be acquired by Chinese manufacturer Picea.
Scarborough Cricket Club (Australia)
Scarborough Cricket Club plays in the Western Australian Grade Cricket competition, the Retravision Shield. Nicknamed the Gulls, its home ground is Abbett Park. The club was founded in 1946.

One of Western Australia's most successful cricket clubs in recent history, Scarborough won the 1st Grade competition in 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09 and 2009–10, the first team to win four straight titles since 1919.

Scarborough's head coach since 2006 is former Gulls paceman Simon Bowman, while batsman Clint Heron captained the 2008–09 and 2009–10 grand final wins.

The club has produced several players who have represented Australia, most notably Justin Langer, Marcus Stoinis and Marcus Harris. Daryl Mitchell represented the club whilst living in Perth before going on to represent his native New Zealand.

Its most recent State or BBL representatives include Theo Doropoulos, Michael Johnson, Andrew Tye, Justin Coetzee, Cooper Connolly and  Matthew Spoors.

Marcus Harris (cricketer)
Marcus Sinclair Harris (born 21 July 1992) is an Australian cricketer who has represented Australia in Test cricket. A left-handed opening batter, Harris plays for Victoria and Lancashire in domestic cricket. He made his Test debut for the Australia national cricket team in December 2018 against India. He was a member of the Australian team that won the 2023 ICC World Test Championship final.
Saskatoon bear spray attacks
Bear spray attacks are an ongoing concern in which a large wave of bear spray attacks have taken place in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in the early and mid 2020s. These are considered criminal offences, as they fall under laws for assault. In 2025, the Saskatoon City Council introduced new municipal bylaws to help combat the prevalence of these attacks. These attacks have been a subject of public interest and concern since 2020, where a Saskatoon Police Service superintendent suggested that the sale of bear spray should be banned in Saskatoon, citing weekly police responses to bear spray attacks. Bear spray attacks are prominent in other cities and municipalities in Saskatchewan; from 2020 to 2024, police responded to over 3,000 incidents. A growing amount of bear spray attacks from 2022 to 2025 have been perpetrated by young adults.

Bear spray
Bear spray is a specific aerosol spray bear deterrent, whose active ingredients are the potent irritant capsaicin and related capsaicinoids, that is used to deter aggressive or charging bears.  It is regarded as a more effective method at deterring a charging bear than firearms.
Gamaliel Onosode
Gamaliel Oforitsenere Onosode (22 May 1933 – 29 September 2015) was a Nigerian technocrat, administrator and a former presidential candidate of the All Nigeria People's Party of Nigeria. Educated at the Government College, Ughelli and the University of Ibadan, he emerged in the 1970s as one of Nigeria's leading educated chief executives, when he was at the helm of NAL merchant bank of Nigeria. Over the years, he rose to become a leading boardroom player in Nigeria's corporate environment. He was also a former presidential adviser to President Shehu Shagari and a former president of the Nigerian Institute of Management.

In 2013, he founded the Gamaliel & Susan Onosode Foundation (GAMSU), to help improve education in Nigeria, and provide support for educational and societal development causes in Nigeria.

Merchant bank
A merchant bank is historically a bank dealing in commercial loans and investment. In modern British usage, it is the same as an investment bank. Merchant banks were the first modern banks and evolved from medieval merchants who traded in commodities, particularly cloth merchants. Historically, merchant banks' purpose was to facilitate or finance the production and trade of commodities, hence the name merchant. Few banks today restrict their activities to such a narrow scope.

In modern usage in the United States, the term additionally has taken on a more narrow meaning, and refers to a financial institution providing capital to companies in form of share ownership instead of loans. A merchant bank also provides advice on corporate matters to the firms in which they invest.
Astronomy Reports
Astronomy Reports (Russian: Астрономический журнал, Astronomicheskii Zhurnal), is a Russian, monthly, peer reviewed, scientific journal. This journal tends to focus its publishing efforts on original research regarding astronomical topics. Other types of reporting are also included such as chronicles, proceedings of international conferences, and book reviews. Founded in 1924, it is described as the most prominent astronomy journal during the age of the Soviet Union. Originally a print version, it is also available online. The editor-in-chief was Alexander A. Boyarchuk, Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Conference proceedings
In academia and librarianship, conference proceedings are a collection of academic papers published in the context of an academic conference or workshop. Conference proceedings typically contain the contributions made by researchers at the conference. They are the written record of the work that is presented to fellow researchers. In many fields, they are published as supplements to academic journals; in some, they are considered the main dissemination route; in others they may be considered grey literature. They are usually distributed in printed or electronic volumes, either before the conference opens or after it has closed.
Robert Gillies (New Zealand politician)
Robert Gillies (31 July 1835 – 15 June 1886) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand. He was born in Rothesay on the Isle of Bute, Scotland.

He failed to win the Bruce electorate at the 1883 by-election, and won the seat at the general 1884 election by a majority of 217. He resigned in 1885 for failing health, which caused the 1885 Bruce by-election.

He died on 15 June 1886 from an aneurysm of the heart. He was the brother of Thomas Gillies and John Lillie Gillies, and the father of plastic surgeon Harold Gillies. Robert was buried in the Northern Cemetery.

Rothesay
Rothesay (/ˈrɒθsi/ ⓘ ROTH-see; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Bhòid [ˈpalə ˈvɔːtʲ]) is the principal town on the Isle of Bute, in the council area of Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies along the coast of the Firth of Clyde. It can be reached by a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry from Wemyss Bay, which also offers an onward rail link to Glasgow Central Station. At the centre of the town is the 13th-century ruin Rothesay Castle, unique in Scotland for its circular plan.
Cecil Foljambe, 1st Earl of Liverpool
Cecil George Savile Foljambe, 1st Earl of Liverpool, PC (7 November 1846 – 23 March 1907), known as the Lord Hawkesbury between 1893 and 1905, was a British Liberal politician. A great-nephew of Prime Minister Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, he was Lord Steward of the Household under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman between 1905 and his death in 1907. He was the grandson of Sir Cecil Bishopp, 6th Baronet of Parham, his namesake. Foljambe was a noted ornithologist and was once visited by a young Franklin D. Roosevelt who made a trip specifically to see Foljambe's collection.

Sir Cecil Bishopp, 6th Baronet
Sir Cecil Bishopp, 6th Baronet (30 October 1700 – 15 June 1778), later Bisshopp, was a British politician.  He succeeded to the title of 6th Baronet Bishopp, of Parham, co. Sussex on 25 October 1725. He was Member of Parliament for Penryn between 1727 and 1734, having been returned unopposed on the interest of the Boscawen family into which he had married. He also represented Boroughbridge between 1755 and 1768.  He married Hon. Anne Boscawen, daughter of Hugh Boscawen, 1st Viscount Falmouth and Charlotte Godfrey, in 1726. In addition to Parham Park, Sussex he was also the owner of a house at 11 Berkeley Square, London which Horace Walpole purchased from Bisshopp's heirs in 1779 and in which Walpole lived until he died there in 1797. Sir Cecil died on 15 June 1778 at the age of 77.
José Luis Álvarez de Castro
José Luis Álvarez de Castro (December 1918 – 26 April 2021) was a Spanish politician.

He was born in 1918 in Granada, a city in Andalusia, to his parents Juan Álvarez Castilla and Mercedez De Castro Beltrán. In 1969 he became member of the Francoist Courts as he was president of the province of Cuenca Deputation, succeeding in both offices Rafael Mombiedro de la Torre. He held the office until 1971, when Tagus-Segura Water Transfer was approved by the Court, project to which he vehemently opposed. A street in Cuenca is named after him.

Álvarez de Castro died on 26 April 2021 at the age of 102.

Tagus-Segura Water Transfer
The Tagus-Segura Water Transfer (Spanish: Trasvase Tajo-Segura) is one of the largest works of hydraulic engineering ever produced in Spain. Water from the Tagus River is channeled through this transfer system from the reservoirs of Entrepeñas (Province of Guadalajara) and Buendía (Province of Cuenca) into the Talave Reservoir on the Segura River.