hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emily Hobhouse
Emily Hobhouse (9 April 1860 – 8 June 1926) was a British welfare campaigner, anti-war activist, and pacifist. She is primarily remembered for bringing to the attention of the British public, and working to change, the deprived conditions inside the British concentration camps in South Africa built to incarcerate Boer and African civilians during the Second Boer War.

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.
Kentucky Route 1006
Kentucky Route 1006 (KY 1006) is an 6.899-mile-long (11.103 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The route is located entirely within Laurel County; the majority of the highway runs along the border of, or within the city limits of, London. KY 1006 begins at the western entrance to Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park and terminates at US Route 25 (US 25), KY 80, and East Fifth Street in downtown London.

London, Kentucky
London is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Laurel County, Kentucky, United States.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 8,053. London is home to the annual World Chicken Festival that celebrates the life of Colonel Sanders and features the world's largest skillet.
Frode Berge
Frode Berge (born 5 March 1966) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He worked as a political advisor to the Norwegian Ministry of Defence from 1990 to 1992, and to the Norwegian Ministry of Children and Family Affairs from 1996 to 1997. In the second cabinet of Jens Stoltenberg, which assumed office in 2005, Berge was appointed State Secretary of the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry. He sought to leave in December 2007, and was replaced by Øyvind Slåke.

He has served in the position of deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Rogaland during the terms 1993–1997 and 2005–2009.

Ministry of Children and Families
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Children and Families (Norwegian: Det kongelige barne- og familiedepartement; short name Barne- og familiedepartementet; BFD) is a Norwegian government ministry that is responsible for family affairs, children welfare services, Church of Norway and other religious affairs, and consumer affairs. The ministry is led by the Minister of Children and Families Kjersti Toppe.
SS Mona's Isle (1905)
SS Mona's Isle was a steam turbine passenger ship that was built in Scotland in 1905 as Onward, renamed Mona's Isle in 1920, and scrapped in Wales in 1948. She was designed as an English Channel ferry for the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR), who operated her between Folkestone and Boulogne. In 1920 the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company (IoMSP) bought her and renamed her Mona's Isle. The IoMSP ran her mainly on summer services linking Douglas with Dublin and Belfast. She was the fourth IoMSP ship to be called Mona's Isle.

In 1918 Onward caught fire in Folkestone Harbour, and was saved by being scuttled. In 1920 she was raised, which was when the IOMSPCo bought her to replace ships lost during the First World War. In 1940 Mona's Isle was the first ship to complete a round trip during the Dunkirk evacuation, rescuing a total of 2,634 troops.

South Eastern and Chatham Railway
The South Eastern and Chatham Railway Companies Joint Management Committee (SE&CRCJMC), known as the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR), was a working union of two neighbouring rival railways, the South Eastern Railway (SER) and London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LC&DR), which operated between London and south-east England. Between 1899 and 1923, the SE&CR had a monopoly of railway services in Kent and to the main Channel ports for ferries to France and Belgium.

The companies had competed extensively, with some of the bitterest conflicts between British railway companies. Competing routes to the same destinations were built, so several towns in Kent had been served with a similar frequency service by both companies. In places, unfettered competition allowed two stations and services to multiple London termini.

It would be a constituent of the Southern Railway as part of the 1923 Grouping.
Menengai II Geothermal Power Station
Menengai II Geothermal Power Station is a 35 MW (47,000 hp) geothermal power station under construction in Kenya. The power station is owned and under development by Globeleq, an independent power producer headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Globeleq is 70 percent owned by British International Investment and 30 percent by Norfund.

Norfund
Norfund is a development finance institution established by the Norwegian Storting (parliament) in 1997 and owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The fund receives its investment capital from the state budget, and surpluses in the portfolio are reinvested. Its head office is located in Oslo with local offices in Thailand, Costa Rica, Kenya, South Africa, Bangkok and Ghana.

Norfund is also part of EDFI, the Association of European Development Finance Institutions.
Avro Club Cadet
The Avro Club Cadet was a 1930s single-engined British biplane trainer aircraft, designed and built by Avro as a development of the earlier Cadet. It was planned for private and club use and, unlike the Cadet, was fitted with folding wings.

Airwork Services
Airwork Limited, also referred to during its history as Airwork Services Limited, is a wholly owned subsidiary company of VT Group plc. It has provided a variety of defence support services to the Royal Air Force (RAF), Fleet Air Arm and overseas air forces, as well as having played an important role in the development of civil aviation – both in the United Kingdom and abroad.
Orcel
Orcel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Orcel (born 1963), Italian investment banker

Bernard Orcel (born 1945), French skier

Claire Orcel (born 1997), French and Belgian high jumper

Jean Orcel (1896–1978), French mineralogist

Michel Orcel (born 1952), French writer, publisher, and psychoanalyst

Jean Orcel
Jean François Orcel (3 May 1896 – 27 March 1978) was a French mineralogist who contributed to the French nuclear energy program following the discovery of Uranium vanadate deposits in Morocco. He served as a mineralogist at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. He later specialized in the chemistry of meteorites.
Rebecca Evans (politician)
Rebecca Mary Evans (born 2 August 1976) is a Welsh Labour and Co-operative politician who has served as Cabinet Secretary for the Economy, Energy and Planning since September 2024. She previously served as Cabinet Secretary for Finance from 2018 to 2024, and for the Constitution and Cabinet Office in 2024. Evans has served as the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Gower since 2016, and a Member for Mid and West Wales from 2011 to 2016.

Evans has previously served in other roles in the Welsh Government, such as the Deputy Minister for Farming and Food (2014–16), Minister for Social Care and Public Health (2016–17) and Minister for Housing and Regeneration (2017–18). She was Trefnydd (Leader) of the Senedd from 2018 to 2021.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Infobright
Infobright was founded as a commercial developer of column-oriented relational database software with a focus in machine-generated data. The company was later acquired in 2017 and then spun out in 2018 as an independent research and development organization today known as AQ Technologies based in Warsaw, Poland.

Today, AQ Technologies along with many of its original founding team members continues in its mission in helping solve complex big data analysis problems using Artificial Intelligence techniques to identify hidden data anomalies inside massive amounts of data.

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
Histamine H1 receptor
The H1 receptor is a histamine receptor belonging to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors. This receptor is activated by the biogenic amine histamine. It is expressed in smooth muscles, on vascular endothelial cells, in the heart, and in the central nervous system. The H1 receptor is linked to an intracellular G-protein (Gq) that activates phospholipase C and the inositol triphosphate (IP3) signalling pathway. Antihistamines, which act on this receptor, are used as anti-allergy drugs. The crystal structure of the receptor has been determined (shown on the right/below) and used to discover new histamine H1 receptor ligands in structure-based virtual screening studies.

Tuberomammillary nucleus
The tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) is a histaminergic nucleus located within the posterior third of the hypothalamus. It is part of the tuber cinereum. It largely consists of histaminergic neurons (i.e. histamine-releasing neurons). It is involved with the control of arousal, learning, memory, sleep and energy balance.
Luca Leonardi
Luca Leonardi (born 1 January 1991) is an Italian freestyle swimmer. He won an individual bronze in the 100 m at the 2014 European Aquatics Championships, as well as several medals in the freestyle relays at European championships; in those relays he sometimes swam in the preliminaries, but not in the finals.

Leonardi is an athlete of the Gruppo Sportivo Fiamme Oro.

Gruppo Sportivo Fiamme Oro
The Gruppo Sportivo Fiamme Oro is the sport section of the Italian police force Polizia di Stato.

The color of the competition jerseys of the athletes of the Fiamme Oro is crimson, therefore the athletes of the sports group are sometimes called cremisi (Italian for crimson).
Alaeddine Abbes
Alaeddine Abbes (born 6 February 1990) is a Tunisian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Saudi club Al-Qous. He played in the Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 for Étoile Sahel, ES Zarzis, Olympique Béja, AS Marsa, Stade Tunisien, Kairouan and Étoile Métlaoui. He was a squad member for the 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup.

2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup
The FIFA U-17 World Cup 2007 was the twelfth edition of the tournament, was held in South Korea between 18 August and 9 September 2007. For this event, the number of teams had been expanded from 16 to 24, with the top two of each group and the four best third-place teams advancing to the Round of 16. Also, from this edition onwards, the confederation which produced the last champion, in this case CONCACAF, had an extra spot in the qualifying rounds.

Players born after 1 January 1990 could participate in this tournament.
S v Williams (1995)
S v Williams and Others is a decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa in which the court ruled that judicial corporal punishment of juveniles is unconstitutional. The decision was taken with respect to five different cases in which six juveniles were convicted by different magistrates and sentenced to receive a "moderate correction" of a number of strokes with a light cane.

The unanimous judgment, handed down on 9 June 1995, found the imposition of corporal punishment to be incompatible with the Interim Constitution of South Africa because it violates the right to human dignity and the protection against cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment.

The case did not deal with judicial corporal punishment of adults, but in argument before the court all parties agreed that it was unconstitutional. In 1997 Parliament passed the Abolition of Corporal Punishment Act, which repealed all laws allowing for judicial corporal punishment.

Dignity
Dignity is the right of a person to be valued and respected for their own sake, and to be treated ethically. In this context, it is of significance in morality, ethics, law and politics as an extension of the Enlightenment-era concepts of inherent, inalienable rights. The term may also be used to describe personal conduct, as in "behaving with dignity".

The content of contemporary dignity is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, summarized in the principle that every human being has the right to human dignity. In Article 1, it is stipulated that 'All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Akashi (surname)
Akashi (written: 明石) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kaijin Akashi (明石 海人, 1901–1939), Japanese poet

Akashi Kakuichi (明石 覚一, 1299–1371), Japanese Buddhist monk

Ken Akashi (明石 顕, born 1976), Japanese race walker

Kenji Akashi (明石 健志, born 1986) Japanese baseball player

Masao Akashi (明石 昌夫, 1957–2025), Japanese musical arranger

Momoka Akashi (明石 百夏, born 1981), Japanese musician

Akashi Morishige (明石 全登, 1566–1618?), Japanese samurai

Akashi Motojiro (明石 元二郎, 1864–1919), Japanese general and Governor General of Taiwan

Akashi Shiganosuke (明石 志賀之助, c. 1600–c. 1649), Japanese sumo wrestler

Yasushi Akashi (明石 康, born 1931), Japanese diplomat

Fictional characters:

Akashi Kaoru, character in Psychic Squad

Akashi, character in the film Ra.One

Akashi Seijūrō, character in Kuroko's Basketball

Akashi Yuuna, character in Negima! Magister Negi Magi

Akaashi Keiji, character in Haikyu!!

Akashi Takeomi, character in Tokyo Revengers

Masao Akashi
Masao Akashi (明石昌夫, Akashi Masao; March 25, 1957 – May 19, 2025) was a Japanese music arranger in distributors Being Inc., mainly in their label B-Gram Records.

In 1988, he debuted as arranger in debut single Dakara Sono Te wo Hanashite by Japanese hard-rock band B'z. By 1998, his arrangement work had been involved with many Being artists including Manish, Wands and Zard.

Although Akashi was no longer working for Being Inc., he sometimes provided producing jobs for various artists such as Naomi Tamura, Maria, Color Bottle and Sonoda Band.

Akashi died on May 19, 2025, at the age of 68.
Bezkov
Bezkov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbɛskof]) is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Bezkov lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Znojmo, 61 km (38 mi) south-west of Brno, and 175 km (109 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Boyd & Parker Park and Groveland Ambuscade
Boyd & Parker Park and Groveland Ambuscade is a historic park area located near the Town of Groveland in Livingston County, New York. The site commemorates the Boyd and Parker ambush, which took place during the Sullivan Expedition of the American Revolutionary War of September 1779.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
South Mountain Concert Hall
South Mountain Concert Hall is a historic performance hall on New South Mountain Road in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.  Founded in 1918 by Chicago native Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, it has been home to a classical music summer performance series since then, featuring name performers including Leonard Bernstein, Rudolf Serkin, and major chamber music ensembles.  The hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and the extensive estate grounds are open to the public as a nature preserve.

Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Pittsfield is the most populous city in and the county seat of Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is the principal city of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses Berkshire County. Pittsfield’s population was 43,927 at the 2020 census. Although its population has declined in recent decades, Pittsfield remains the third-largest municipality in Western Massachusetts, behind only Springfield and Chicopee.

In 2017, the Arts Vibrancy Index compiled by the National Center for Arts Research ranked Pittsfield and Berkshire County as the number-one medium-sized community in the nation for the arts.
Neosodon
Neosodon (meaning "new tooth") was a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the late Tithonian-aged (Upper Jurassic) Sables et Gres a Trigonia gibbosa of Pas-de-Calais department, France. It has never been formally given a species name, but is often seen as N. praecursor, which actually comes from a different animal. Often in the past, it had been assigned to the wastebasket taxon Pelorosaurus, but restudy has suggested that it could be related to Turiasaurus, a roughly contemporaneous giant Spanish sauropod. It is only known from six teeth.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Aragatsyan panir
Aragatsyan panir (Armenian: Արագածյան պանիր, lit. 'cheese from Aragats', Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɾɑɡɑt͡sjɑn pɑˈniɾ]) is a traditional Armenian cheese made from sheep's milk or a mixture of sheep's milk with cow's or goat's milk.

Sheep milk
Sheep milk is the milk of domestic sheep. It is commonly used to make cultured dairy products, such as cheese. Some of the most popular sheep cheeses include feta (Greece), pecorino romano (Italy), Roquefort (France) and Manchego (Spain).
Sacred Heart College, Cayo
Sacred Heart College is a Belizean High School and Junior College operating in the capital of the Cayo District, San Ignacio. It is one of Belize's premier institutions and is Belize's second-oldest, as well as its highest excelling high school. It is a Catholic, co-educational institution, founded in 1960. The College serves the communities of San Ignacio, Santa Elena, Benque Viejo Del Carmen and surrounding villages.

The motto for Sacred Heart is Nostrea cor Jesu Fons Sapientiae which is Latin for Our Sacred Heart of Jesus, source of all our wisdom.

Cayo District
Cayo is a district located in the west part of Belize, and it contains the capital, Belmopan. It is the most extensive, second-most populous and third-most densely populated of the six districts of Belize. The district's capital is the town of San Ignacio.
Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program
The Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program is a MD–PhD degree program based in Upper East Side, New York City. Introduced in 1991, the current program is operated by Weill Cornell Medicine, Rockefeller University, and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's Sloan Kettering Institute.

The program is currently directed by Katharine C. Hsu.

MD–PhD
The Doctor of Medicine–Doctor of Philosophy (MD–PhD) is a dual doctoral program for physician–scientists, combining the professional training of the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree with the research program of the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree.

In the United States, the National Institutes of Health currently provides 50 medical schools with Medical Scientist Training Program grants that support the training of students in MD–PhD programs through tuition and stipend allowances. These programs are often competitive, with some admitting as few as two students per academic year.

The MCAT score and GPA of MD–PhD matriculants are often higher than MD only matriculants.
Fenland Airfield
Fenland Airfield or Fenland Aerodrome (ICAO: EGCL) is located 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) southeast of the town Spalding near the small village of Holbeach St Johns in Lincolnshire, England.

Fenland Aerodrome provides general aviation operations and is a UK Civil Aviation Authority licensed aerodrome. This permits the airfield to be used for take-off and landing of aircraft engaged in flights for public transport of passengers, including for instruction in flying which is conducted by Fenland Flying School. The aerodrome operates on a non-PPR (Prior Permission Required) basis, except for non-radio flights and aircraft requiring Jet A-1 fuel.

Spalding, Lincolnshire
Spalding (/ˈspɔːldɪŋ/) is a market town on the River Welland in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. The main town had a population of 30,556 at the 2021 census. The town is the administrative centre of the South Holland District. The town is between the cities of Peterborough and Lincoln.

The Spalding Flower Parade was held annually from 1959 to 2013, and has been held again each year since 2022. The parade celebrates the region's large tulip production and the cultural links between the Fens and the landscape and people of South Holland. At one time, it attracted crowds of more than 100,000.
Urh Kastelic
Urh Kastelic (born 27 February 1996) is a Slovenian handball goalkeeper who plays for TBV Lemgo Lippe and the Slovenia national team.

With Slovenia, Kastelic participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship. In 2014, he won a gold medal at the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, China.

2017 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2017 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 25th event hosted by the International Handball Federation. The event was held in France from 11 to 29 January 2017.

France, in a clean sweep, defended their title by defeating Norway 33–26 in the final, which secured France their sixth title. Slovenia defeated Croatia 31–30 to capture the bronze medal. Norway (from a wildcard) and Slovenia earned their first World Championship medals ever.

The championship set a record of attendance in total of 540,000 spectators with 23 matches being sold out and with a venue record of 28,010 at both of France's knock-out matches in Lille.