hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fleta
Fleta is an early treatise on the common law of England. It was written in Latin with the sub-title seu Commentarius juris Anglicani. The anonymous author of the book is sometimes referred to as "Fleta", although this is not in fact a person's name. The book acquired its common title because its preface contains a remark that it could be called "Fleta" because it was written in "Fleta"; however, the meaning of this comment is unclear (see the section on authorship below).

From internal evidence, the work appears to have been written in the reign of Edward I, and it seems to have been completed shortly after the year 1290.

Henry de Bracton
Henry of Bracton (c. 1210 – c. 1268), also known as Henry de Bracton, Henricus Bracton, Henry Bratton, and Henry Bretton, was an English cleric and jurist.

He is famous now for his writings on law, particularly De legibus et consuetudinibus Angliæ  ("On the Laws and Customs of England"), and his ideas on mens rea (criminal intent). According to Bracton, it was only through the examination of a combination of action and intention that the commission of a criminal act could be established.
He also wrote on kingship, arguing that a ruler should be called king only if he obtained and exercised power in a lawful manner.

In his writings, Bracton manages to set out coherently the law of the royal courts through his use of categories drawn from Roman law, thus incorporating into English law several developments of medieval Roman law.
Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.

Komi peoples
The Komi (Komi: комияс, romanized: komijas also коми-войтыр, komi-vojtyr) are a Permian ethnic group who are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit a region around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers in northeastern European Russia. They mostly reside in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the Russian Federation.
Ring a Ding Dong
"Ring a Ding Dong" is Japanese musician Kaela Kimura's 16th physical single, released on June 9, 2010. The song was used in a wide-scale commercial campaign for NTT DoCoMo, which featured Kimura in the commercials.

Music of Japan
In Japan, music includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern. The word for "music" in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 on (sound) with the kanji 楽 gaku (music, comfort). Japan is the world's largest market for music on physical media and the second-largest overall music market, with a retail value of US$2.7 billion in 2017.
Trosa Municipality
Trosa Municipality (Swedish: Trosa kommun) is a municipality in Södermanland County in southeast Sweden. The municipality consists of the localities of Vagnhärad, Västerljung, Stensund, Sund and the town of Trosa. The seat of the municipality is located in the town of Trosa.

The present municipality was created as recently as 1992, when Nyköping Municipality, which Trosa had been a part of since 1974, was split in three parts.

The municipality borders to Nyköping Municipality, Gnesta Municipality, and in the north to Södertälje Municipality in Stockholm County.

Södertälje Municipality
Södertälje Municipality (Swedish: Södertälje kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Södertälje.

It borders to Lake Mälaren in the north and the Baltic Sea in the south, and within the Stockholm County to Nykvarn Municipality and Salem Municipality and also border Södermanland County and its municipals Gnesta and Trosa.

The municipality was created 1967–1971 through the amalgamation of the former City of Södertälje with large rural and suburban areas surrounding it. In 1999, it was split when a new entity, Nykvarn Municipality, was detached from Södertälje Municipality.
Elsmore
Elsmore can refer to:

Elsmore, New South Wales, Australia

Elsmore, Kansas, United States

Bronwyn Elsmore (living), New Zealand writer and lecturer in religious studies

Philip Elsmore (1937–2025), British television presenter and actor

Nik Elsmore (born 1977), British rally driver

Guy Elsmore (born 1966), British Anglican priest

Bronwyn Elsmore
Bronwyn Margaret Elsmore is a New Zealand fiction and non-fiction writer and playwright. She was a senior lecturer in religion at Massey University from the late 1980s until 2005, and has written a number of works about religion in New Zealand.
Milk Can Game
The Milk Can Game can refer to:

Milk Can (college football), an annual football game between Boise State University and Fresno State University

Milk Can Game (high school football), an annual high school football game between North Hunterdon High School and Voorhees High School

Boise State–Fresno State football rivalry
The Boise State–Fresno State football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Broncos of Boise State University and the Bulldogs of California State University, Fresno, both currently members of the Mountain West Conference (MW).
Brooks, Alberta
Brooks is a city in southeast Alberta, Canada in the County of Newell. It is on Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) and the Canadian Pacific Kansas City railway, approximately 186 km (116 mi) southeast of Calgary, and 110 km (68 mi) northwest of Medicine Hat. The city has an elevation of 760 m (2,490 ft).

Southern Alberta
Southern Alberta is a region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.  In 2016, the region's population was approximately 291,112. The primary cities are Lethbridge and Medicine Hat. The region is known mostly for agricultural production, but other sectors, such as alternative energy, film production and tourism, are emerging.
Hiram Meléndez Juarbe
Hiram Meléndez-Juarbe (born in 1976 in San Juan, Puerto Rico) was a member of the Puerto Rico Commission on Civil Rights. He is a Professor and former Associate Dean at the University of Puerto Rico School of Law, where he teaches constitutional law, privacy and technology, copyright and intellectual property topics, cyberlaw, administrative law and seminars on constitutional law and cyberspace. He is founder of the UPR New Technologies, Intellectual Property and Society Clinic and co-legal lead of Creative Commons Puerto Rico. He graduated from the University of Puerto Rico (BA 1997, JD 2000), Harvard University (LL.M. 2002) and New York University (LL.M. 2008, SJD 2013).  He is co-founder of the blawg derechoalderecho.

Glossary of blogging
This is a list of blogging terms. 
Blogging, like any hobby, has developed something of a specialized vocabulary. The following is an attempt to explain a few of the more common phrases and words, including etymologies when not obvious.
FK Slavoj Trebišov
FK Slavoj Trebišov is a Slovak football team, based in the town of Trebišov. The club was founded in 1912. Club played Doxxbet liga in season 2014–2015. But they are relegated in the first season in Doxxbet liga. At the present time season 2015–16 they are playing 3.rd Slovak League. They was 6th. in the season 2015–16. In season 2016/2017 club wins 3. Liga East. They were promoted to 2. Liga and they competed in 2. liga until 2023-24 season. Then despite fact that the club ensured place for the 2. liga 2024-25 season (as finished 13th), the club have decided to withdraw from the 2. liga due to financial issues.

The club currently acts as a feeder club for MFK Zemplín Michalovce.

Trebišov
Trebišov (Hungarian: Tőketerebes; German: Trebischau; Ukrainian: Требішов) is a small industrial town in the easternmost part of Slovakia, with a population of around 25,000. The town is an administrative, economic and cultural center with machine (Vagónka) and building materials industries.
Leon Mestel
Leon Mestel (5 August 1927 – 15 September 2017) was a British-Australian astronomer and astrophysicist and Emeritus Professor at the University of Sussex. His research interests were in the areas of star formation and structure, especially stellar magnetism and astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics. He was awarded both the Eddington Medal (1993) and the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (for Astronomy, 2002). Following his retirement, he wrote several obituaries and biographical articles on physicists and astrophysicists.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Vivian Cook (linguist)
Prof. Vivian James Cook (13 June 1940 – 10 December 2021) was a British linguist who was emeritus Professor of Applied Linguistics at Newcastle University.

He was known for his work on second-language acquisition and second-language teaching, and for writing textbooks and popular books about linguistics.

He worked on a number of topics such as bilingualism, EFL (English as a foreign language), first-language acquisition, second-language teaching, linguistics, and the English writing system. He published more than 20 books and 100 papers.

He was founder and first President of the European Second Language Association (EuroSLA), and co-founder of the Oxford University Press journal Writing Systems Research.

He died in December 2021 at the age of 81 and was survived by his wife Pam.

Canadian Modern Language Review
The Canadian Modern Language Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on second language learning and teaching. CMLR publishes articles in English and French and is published by the University of Toronto Press.
Future Cops
Future Cops (Chinese: 超級學校霸王; literal title: Super-School Tyrant) is a 1993 Hong Kong action-comedy film loosely based on Capcom's fighting game Street Fighter II: The World Warrior (1991), starring an ensemble cast of Andy Lau, Jacky Cheung, Aaron Kwok, Chingmy Yau, Dicky Cheung and Simon Yam.

It was the second live-action film to feature characters inspired by the Street Fighter series, the first being City Hunter starring Jackie Chan, which was also directed by Wong Jing, but released six months earlier. The following year the official adaptation Street Fighter: The Ultimate Battle was released.

Wong Jing
Wong Yat-cheong, known professionally as Wong Jing (Chinese: 王晶, born 3 May 1955), is a Hong Kong filmmaker and actor. A prolific filmmaker with strong instincts for crowd-pleasing and publicity, he played a prominent role in Hong Kong cinema  during the 1990s.
Clemenceau Medicine International
Clemenceau Medicine International (CMI) is a health care organization and is responsible for building and operating several medical centers in the Middle East region. CMI is a sister company to Clemenceau Medical Center affiliated with Johns Hopkins Medicine International, and provides two categories of services: technical assistance and advisory services on healthcare facility setup, and management consultancy.

Clemenceau Medical Center DHCC: Healthcare facility setup and management operation by CMI, a 100-bed medical center located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Abdali Hospital: Healthcare facility setup by CMI, a 200-bed medical center located in Amman, Jordan.

Johns Hopkins Medicine International
Johns Hopkins Medicine International (JHMI), not to be confused with Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, also (JHMI), is a partnership program established by the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine to raise the standard of health care through long-term, mission-driven agreements.
Busification
Busification (Ukrainian: Бусифікація) is a term that emerged in Ukrainian society and media to describe a controversial method of forced conscription into the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the ongoing Russian invasion. The word refers to situations in which employees of territorial recruitment centers (TCC) (Ukrainian: ТЦК) and law enforcement officers forcibly load men of conscription age into buses.

The term is a portmanteau of "busyk" (from English: bus) — a colloquial name for minibuses or similar vehicles to apprehend used by authorities to transport detainees to TCC — and the suffixoid “-ification,” which denotes an action or transformation (from Latin "facio"). The practice is associated with physical coercion by territorial recruitment offices and has become a prominent symbol in debates over conscription, state authority, individual rights, and national mobilization policy.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Durham, Nova Scotia
Durham is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Pictou County on Nova Scotia Route 376 alongside the West River of Pictou. The centre of the village (where a bridge crosses the West River) is about 10 km up-stream from the town of Pictou. The Durham Presbyterian Church is located near the bridge on the west side of the river, and the Durham Community Hall (the old school) is on the east side of the river, adjacent to the cemetery.

Pictou County
Pictou County is a county in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was established in 1835, and was formerly a part of Halifax County from 1759 to 1835. It had a population of 43,657 people in 2021, a decline of 0.2 percent from 2016. Furthermore, its 2016 population is only 88.11% of the census population in 1991. It is the sixth most populous county in Nova Scotia.
Scapa Flow Museum
Scapa Flow Museum is a war museum in Lyness on the Island of Hoy, Orkney, Scotland. Housed within a refurbished Romney hut and oil fuel pump house at the former Lyness royal naval base HMS Proserpine, the museum charts the history of Orkney's involvement in World War I and World War II. The museum is named after the body of water to the east of Hoy, Scapa Flow, which was the Royal Navy's chief naval base during both world wars.

The museum originally opened in 1990, and became part of Orkney Islands Council's Museums Service in 2000. The museum closed in 2017, and reopened to the public after a £4.4-million refurbishment in July 2022. Scapa Flow Museum was shortlisted for the Art Fund Museum of the Year Award in 2023.

Lyness
Lyness is a village on the east coast of the island of Hoy, Orkney, Scotland. The village is within the parish of Walls and Flotta, and is situated at the junction of the B9047 and B9048.

During the 1920s Lyness was briefly the headquarters of the metal salvage firm of Cox and Danks's raising of the German High Seas Fleet, scuttled by the Germans on 21 June 1919 during the Armistice (Scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow).

During the Second World War it was home to HMS Proserpine, the main base for the naval fleet based at Scapa Flow.

In 2010–2011 the Golden Wharf at Lyness Harbour was upgraded to host renewable energy projects, including the Pelamis Wave Energy Converter and the Wello Penguin.

Today an Orkney Ferries Ro-Ro car ferry links it to Longhope on South Walls, the island of Flotta in Scapa Flow, and Houton on Mainland, Orkney.
2019 King Cup final
The 2019 King Cup final was the 44th final of the King Cup, Saudi Arabia's main football knock-out competition.

It took place on 2 May 2019 at the King Fahd International Stadium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and was contested between Al-Ittihad and Al-Taawoun. It was Al-Taawoun's second King Cup final and Al-Ittihad's 18th. This was the first-ever meeting between these two clubs in the final.

Al-Taawoun won the game 2–1 to secure their first title. As winners of the 2019 King Cup, Al-Taawoun qualified for the 2020 AFC Champions League group stage and the 2019 Saudi Super Cup.

King's Cup (Saudi Arabia)
The King's Cup, officially titled The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques' Cup, is the Saudi Arabian football knockout cup competition.

The King's Cup is the second-oldest knockout competition in Saudi Arabian football, following the now-defunct Crown Prince Cup.
DiBella Winery
DiBella Winery is a winery in Woolwich Township in Gloucester County, New Jersey. A family produce and grain farm since 1925, the vineyard was first planted in 2002. DiBella began sales of its wine in 2010, and opened a tasting room in 2012. DiBella Winery has 4 acres of grapes under cultivation, and produces 250 cases of wine per year. The winery is named after the family that owns it.

Tasting room
A tasting room is a part of a winery or brewery, typically located on the premises of the winery or brewery's production facilities, at which guests may sample the winery or brewery's products.  Originally an informal public relations outreach effort of wineries and breweries to encourage visitors and build brand awareness and loyalty by dispensing free wine, beer, whiskey, sake, etc., tasting rooms have increasingly become sophisticated profit centers of winery operations, earning money by charging tasting fees, selling products directly to consumers, signing new members to the winery or brewery's members club, hosting weddings and other public and private events, and selling various wine, beer, whiskey, sake, etc. gift-related goods.
Vetrino Municipality
Vetrino Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Ветрино) is a municipality (obshtina) in Varna Province, Northeastern Bulgaria. It is named after its administrative centre – the village of Vetrino.

The municipality embraces a territory of 293.12 km², bordering the Shumen Province to the west, with a population of 5,702 inhabitants, as of December 2009. The southern parts of the area is crossed by the east operating part of Hemus motorway which is planned to connect the  port of Varna with the country capital – Sofia.

Opština
Opština, općina, občina, obshtina or obshchina (Cyrillic: општина, опћина or община), is a local government unit in Slavic-speaking countries, most commonly translated as municipality in English. It is used by the following countries:
Blood Hill wind farm
Blood Hill is a wind farm near Hemsby in Norfolk, England. It is the smallest windfarm owned by E.ON; taking up 3 hectares. It has a nameplate capacity of 2.25MW which is enough to power 1000 homes at peak. There were 10 Vestas V27-225 kW turbines which were 30 metres tall and stand on top of Blood Hill. They are visible from the villages of Hemsby and Winterton-on-Sea. Blood Hill began operating in December 1992 and was one of the first windfarms in the United Kingdom.

In 2000 a much larger 65m 1.5MW Ecotricity turbine was built adjacent to the site.

In 2015 a repowering of the site saw the original 10 turbines replaced with two Turbowind T400 wind turbines.

Nameplate capacity
Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, maximum effect or gross capacity, is the intended  full-load sustained output of a facility such as a power station, electric generator, a chemical plant, fuel plant, mine, metal refinery, and many others.   Nameplate capacity is the theoretical output registered with authorities for classifying the unit. For intermittent power sources, such as wind and solar, nameplate power is the source's output under ideal conditions, such as maximum  usable wind or high sun on a clear summer day.

Capacity factor measures the ratio of actual output over an extended period to nameplate capacity. Power plants with an output consistently near their nameplate capacity have a high capacity factor.

For electric power stations, the power output is expressed in megawatt electrical (MWe). For fuel plants, it is the refinery capacity in barrels per day.
Camogie Association
The Camogie Association (Irish: An Cumann Camógaíochta, formerly Irish: Cumann Camógaíochta na nGael) organises and promotes the sport of camogie in Ireland and around the world. The association has close ties with the Gaelic Athletic Association, but is still a separate organisation.

Antrim GAA
The Antrim County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Aontroma) or Antrim GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The county board is also responsible for the Antrim county teams.

The county hurling team contested All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) finals on two occasions: 1943 and 1989. The county football team contested All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) finals on two occasions: 1911 and 1912.

As of 2025, there were 51 clubs affiliated to Antrim GAA.
Jean de Nogaret de La Valette
Jean de Nogaret de La Valette (1527– December 18, 1575) was a captain and then maître de camp (camp master) of the French light cavalry (1562) and Lieutenant General of Guyenne (1574). He fought in the battles of Dreux (1562), Moncontour and Jarnac (1569) and the siege of La Rochelle (1573).

He was born at Caumont-Guienne, the son of Pierre Nogaret de La Valette (1497–1553) and Marguerite de L'Isle de St. Aignan (1499–1535), and fought at the siege of La Rochelle.

With his wife, Jeanne de St Lary de Bellegarde, he had:

Bernard de Nogaret, seigneur de La Valette (1553-1592).

Jean Louis de Nogaret, duc d'Épernon (1554-1642).

Catherine de Nogaret, married Henri de Joyeuse (1565-1587).

Hélėne de Nogaret, married Jacques de Goth (1568-).

Anne-Marie de Nogaret, married Charles II de Luxembourg (1570-1605).

Battle of Dreux
The Battle of Dreux was fought on 19 December 1562 between Catholics and Huguenots. The Catholics were led by Anne de Montmorency while Louis I, Prince of Condé, led the Huguenots. Though commanders from both sides were captured, the French Catholics won the battle which would constitute the first major engagement of the French Wars of Religion and the only major engagement of the first French War of Religion.
Anthem – One Day in Every Week
Anthem – One Day in Every Week is the twelfth studio album by British pop group The New Seekers. The album was released in September 1978 on CBS Records and featured the hit single "Anthem (One Day in Every Week)". It remains the final commercially released studio album by the group in the UK.

CBS Records International
CBS Records International was the international arm of the Columbia Records unit of Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. (CBS) formed in 1961 and launched in 1962. Previously, Columbia Records had licensed other record companies to manufacture and distribute Columbia recordings outside North America, such as Philips Records and its subsidiary Fontana (now  part of the Universal Music Group) in Europe.