hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pterygoplichthys punctatus
Pterygoplichthys punctatus, commonly known as the corroncho, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Juruá River, Madeira River, the Marañón River, and the Purus River in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru. The species reaches 28.5 cm (11.2 in) in standard length and is known to be a facultative air-breather.

Pterygoplichthys punctatus appears in the aquarium trade, where it may be referred to as the imperial ranger pleco, the Guimares silver pleco, the Trinidad pleco, or the yogi pleco.

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
Višnja Vas
Višnja Vas (pronounced [ˈʋiːʃnja ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Višnja vas) is a settlement on the Hudinja River in the Municipality of Vojnik in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Hudinja (river)
The Hudinja (pronounced [xuˈdiːnja]) is a river in Styria, Slovenia. The river is 32 kilometres (20 mi) in length. Its source is on the Pohorje Massif southwest of Mount Rogla, about 1,380 metres (4,530 ft) above sea level, near the source of Dravinja River. The river passes Vitanje, Socka Castle, Vojnik, and Celje, where it flows into the Voglajna. A district of Celje also named Hudinja lies on the river.
Nalyvaiko Uprising
The Nalyvaiko Uprising (Polish: powstanie Nalewajki, Ukrainian: повстання Наливайка) was a Cossack rebellion against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Headed by Severyn Nalyvaiko, it lasted from 1594 to 1596. The second in a long series of Cossack uprisings, the conflict was ultimately won by the Crown of Poland, but two years of warfare and scorched-earth tactics employed by both sides left much of Right-bank Ukraine in ruins.

Right-bank Ukraine
The Right-bank Ukraine is a historical region in central Ukraine on the right (west) bank of the Dnieper River, corresponding to the modern-day oblasts of Vinnytsia, Zhytomyr, Kirovohrad, as well as the western parts of Kyiv and Cherkasy.

Right-bank Ukraine is bordered by the historical regions of Volhynia and Podolia to the west, Zaporizhzhia to the south, left-bank Ukraine to the east, and Polesia to the north. It was separated from the left bank and Zaporizhzhia during the Ruin.

Main cities of the region include Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Cherkasy and Bila Tserkva.
Nausithoe (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Nausithoe (Ancient Greek: Ναυσιθόη means 'swift ships') was the Nereid of swift ships and one of the 50 marine-nymph daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris.

Oceanids
In Greek mythology, the Oceanids or Oceanides (/oʊˈsiːənɪdz, ˈoʊʃənɪdz/ oh-SEE-ə-nidz, OH-shə-nidz; Ancient Greek: Ὠκεανίδες, romanized: Ōkeanídes, sg. Ὠκεανίς, Ōkeanís) are the nymphs who were the three thousand (a number interpreted as meaning "innumerable") daughters of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys.
Chris Seller
Chris Seller (born February 4, 1977) is a former Canadian professional indoor lacrosse player. He played for the Buffalo Bandits, Anaheim Storm, Arizona Sting, Calgary Roughnecks and Edmonton Rush in the National Lacrosse League.

Seller was a member of the Canada men's national lacrosse team, winning gold at the 2006 World Lacrosse Championship and silver at the 2002 World Lacrosse Championship.

Buffalo Bandits
The Buffalo Bandits are an American professional box lacrosse team based in Buffalo, New York, that competes in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The team plays its home games at KeyBank Center. The Bandits played in the Major Indoor Lacrosse League from 1992 to 1997, then in its successor the NLL since 1998. The Bandits are one of the oldest franchises in the league, behind the Oshawa FireWolves (which were founded in 1987 as the original Philadelphia Wings (1987–2014) franchise) and the Colorado Mammoth (which were founded in 1987 as the Baltimore Thunder). The Bandits are the oldest franchise still playing in their original city and are the most successful team in the league, holding the record for most league titles at 7.

The Bandits are owned by Hockey Western New York LLC, led by Terry Pegula who also owns the Rochester Americans, Buffalo Sabres and the Buffalo Bills.
Per Thorén
Per Ludvig Julius Thorén (26 January 1885 – 5 January 1962) was a Swedish figure skater in the early 20th century who won a bronze medal at the 1908 Olympic Games. In Europe, the half loop jump, a variation of the loop jump, was often referred to as the Thorén jump.

Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Four figure skating events were contested at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, but they were held in October 1908, six months after most of the other Olympic events at the 1908 Games. The figure skating competition took place at the Prince's Skating Club, in the district of Knightsbridge. It was the first time that a winter sport had ever been included in the Olympic Games, sixteen years before the first Winter Olympics in Chamonix. The number of competitors was very low, with two events having only three entrants, guaranteeing a medal for participation.
2023 Labour Party leadership election
Labour Party leadership elections were held in the following countries during 2023:

2023 New Zealand Labour Party leadership election

2023 Queensland Labor Party leadership election in Australia

2023 Territory Labor Party leadership election in Australia

2023 Victorian Labor Party leadership election in Australia

2023 Western Australian Labor Party leadership election in Australia

2023 Victorian Labor Party leadership election
The 2023 Victorian Labor Party leadership election was held on 27 September 2023 to elect a new leader of the Victorian Labor Party, who would also become the Premier of Victoria. Incumbent leader since 2010 and premier since 2014, Daniel Andrews, announced his intention to resign on 26 September. Jacinta Allan, Andrews' deputy, was elected unopposed as leader, being sworn in as premier at 5pm on 27 September. A brief challenge from Ben Carroll for the leadership position was withdrawn, and Carroll was ultimately acclaimed as Allan's deputy.
The Easter Journey
The Easter Journey is the fourth album recorded by Philippine-based vocal ensemble Hangad. The album contains all-original songs intended to be performed for the Easter liturgy in the Roman Catholic Church. It also includes an almost complete set of songs for the Holy Mass, the Lord, Have Mercy prayer having been omitted.

Easter Journey was launched in cassettes and CDs on February 27, 2005, at the Church of Gesu in Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City.

Awit Awards
The Awit Awards are music awards in the Philippines given annually by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI) to recognize the outstanding achievements in the music industry. The word "Awit" means "song" literally in Tagalog.

The first awards were given in 1969 at a ceremony in Makati. After three awards ceremonies were held, the Awit Awards were discontinued in 1972. In 1988, PARI brought back the awards and today, the organization still handles these awards.
Pál Koppán
Jenö Pál Koppán (16 May 1878 in Budapest – 31 August 1951 in Budapest) was a Hungarian track and field athlete who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.

He participated in the 60 metres competition, in the 100 metres competition, and in the 400 metres competition. In all three events he was eliminated in the first round.

In the triple jump competition he finished between seventh and 13th place and in the standing triple jump competition he finished between fifth and tenth place. In both events the exact results are unknown.

Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres was a track & field athletics event at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was held on July 14, and July 15, 1900. The races were held on a track of 500 metres in circumference. 15 athletes from six nations competed.
Giani Ditt Singh
Giani Ditt Singh (c. 1850–1901) was a historian, scholar, poet, editor and an eminent Singh Sabha reformer. Singh wrote over 70 books on Sikhism, the most famous of which is Khalsa Akhbar. His Sadhu Dayanand Te Mera Samvad and Durga Parbodh are considered major texts of Sikh philosophy.

Arya Samaj
Arya Samaj (lit. 'Noble Society') is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas. Dayananda Saraswati founded the Samaj in the 1870s.

Arya Samaj was the first Hindu organisation to introduce proselytisation in Hinduism.
Dalstroy explosion
The Soviet steamer Dalstroy (formerly known as the Yagoda) operated in the 1930s and 1940s from the port of Nakhodka to Magadan, delivering cargo and prisoners to Kolyma. On July 24, 1946, during the loading of ammonal in Nakhodka, an explosion occurred due to gross safety violations. The explosion resulted in the death of 105 people, as well as significant property damage and environmental pollution.

Nakhodka
Nakhodka (Russian: Нахо́дка, IPA: [nɐˈxotkə], means "finding") is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about 85 kilometers (53 mi) east of Vladivostok (169 kilometers by car ), the administrative center of the krai. Population:  159,719 (2010 Census); 148,826 (2002 Census); 160,056 (1989 Soviet census).
Pi2 Ursae Minoris
Pi2 Ursae Minoris, which is Latinized from π2 UMi / π2 Ursae Minoris, is a binary star system in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Minor. The pair have a combined apparent visual magnitude of 6.89, which can be viewed with a pair of binoculars. They are located at a distance of approximately 400 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but are drifting closer with a radial velocity of −32 km/s.

This star was found to be a double system by  O. Struve in 1832, and the pair have now completed a full orbit. There is a lot of scatter in the data though, so the grade of the orbital elements is rated as poor. The system has a high eccentricity of 0.96 and they orbit each other with a period of roughly 172 years. The magnitude 7.32 primary is an F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F1V. The fainter secondary has a magnitude of 8.15 and is G-type star.
At present the angular separation between both stars is 0.67 arcseconds .

Otto Wilhelm von Struve
Otto Wilhelm von Struve (May 7, 1819 (Julian calendar: April 25) – April 14, 1905) was a Russian astronomer of Baltic German origins. In Russian, his name is normally given as Otto Vasil'evich Struve (Отто Васильевич Струве). He headed the Pulkovo Observatory between 1862 and 1889 and was a leading member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Frank Drown
Frank Drown (September 30, 1922 - January 22, 2018) was an American author and former missionary. He and his wife Marie were missionaries with Gospel Missionary Union and worked for 37 years with the Jívaro Indians of eastern Ecuador, who were known for their head shrinking.

The Drowns were asked to write a book about their lives as missionaries. After the success of Elisabeth Elliot's best-seller Through Gates of Splendor, the publishers believed such a book would be in demand. And so the Drowns co-authored a book which became their memoirs, titled Mission to the Headhunters, followed by Unmarked Memories: Five friends buried in the jungle of Ecuador.

Drown was interviewed for the 2004 documentary Beyond the Gates of Splendor where he described in detail what happened during the search party's expedition.

2004 in film
2004 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, a list of country-specific lists of films released, notable deaths and film debuts. Shrek 2 was the year's top-grossing film, and Million Dollar Baby won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
Gmina Twardogóra
Gmina Twardogóra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oleśnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Twardogóra, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Oleśnica, and 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 167.99 square kilometres (64.9 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 13,008. It is part of the larger Wrocław metropolitan area.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Sringkhal
Sringkhal (The Quiver) is a 2014 Indian Assamese drama film directed by Prabin Hazarika, based on an Assamese short story by Dr. Bhabendra Nath Saikia of the same name. The film was co-produced by Assam State Film (Finance & Development) Corporation Limited and Silverline Production, and stars Adil Hussain and Jaya Seal Ghosh in the lead roles. The film opened in limited theaters of Assam on 17 October 2014.

Jaya Seal Ghosh and Badal Das respectively won the Best Actor Female and Best Supporting Actor Male for their performance in this film in Prag Cine Awards 2014.

Assam State Film (Finance and Development) Corporation Ltd.
Assam State Film (Finance and Development) Corporation Ltd. (ASFFDC) is an organization undertaken by Government of Assam which aims in developing and promoting the legacy of Assamese cinema. It was incorporated on 4 September 1974 under Companies Act 1956  by  the  Government of Assam.

ASFFDC co-produced several Assamese films in recent years in joined venture with other production houses which includes Jahnu Barua's Baandhon (2012), Rajni Basumatary's Raag (2014) among others.
Tautological one-form
In mathematics, the tautological one-form is a special 1-form defined on the cotangent bundle  of a manifold  In physics, it is used to create a correspondence between the velocity of a point in a mechanical system and its momentum, thus providing a bridge between Lagrangian mechanics and Hamiltonian mechanics (on the manifold ).

The exterior derivative of this form defines a symplectic form, giving  the structure of a symplectic manifold. The tautological one-form plays an important role in relating the formalism of Hamiltonian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics. The tautological one-form is sometimes also called the Liouville one-form, the Poincaré one-form, the canonical one-form, or the symplectic potential. A similar object is the canonical vector field on the tangent bundle.

One-form
In differential geometry, a one-form (or covector field) on a differentiable manifold is a differential form of degree one, that is, a smooth section of the cotangent bundle. Equivalently, a one-form on a manifold  is a smooth mapping of the total space of the tangent bundle of  to  whose restriction to each fibre is a linear functional on the tangent space. Let  be an open subset of  and . Then

defines a one-form .  is a covector.

Often one-forms are described locally, particularly in local coordinates.  In a local coordinate system, a one-form is a linear combination of the differentials of the coordinates:

where the  are smooth functions. From this perspective, a one-form has a covariant transformation law on passing from one coordinate system to another.  Thus a one-form is an order 1 covariant tensor field.
1906 Minnesota Attorney General election
The 1906 Minnesota Attorney General election was held on November 6, 1906, in order to elect the attorney general of Minnesota. Republican nominee and incumbent attorney general Edward T. Young defeated Democratic nominee John Dwan.

Minnesota Attorney General
The attorney general of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Thirty individuals have held the office of Attorney General since statehood. The incumbent is Keith Ellison, a Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party member.
Air Force Command College
The Air Force Command College (AFCC), MOE Code (院校代码): 91023, is the highest academic institution of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF),  with a corps deputy grade, and it is tasked with training the commanding officer corps for the force. It is based in Beijing, right next to  the Kunming Lake and the Beijing Xijiao Airport. It is an intermediate command school for the training of mid-level and senior command officers, staff officers, and master's and doctoral students in military science for the PLA Air Force. It is also tasked with providing decision-making consultations to the head of the Air Force Party Committee.

Military academy
A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps. It normally provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned.

Three types of academy exist: pre-collegiate-level institutions awarding academic qualifications, university-level institutions awarding bachelor's-degree-level qualifications, and those preparing officer cadets for commissioning into the armed services of the state.

A naval academy is either a type of military academy (in the broad sense of that term) or is distinguished from one (in the narrow sense). In U.S. usage, the Military, Merchant Marine, Naval, Coast Guard, and the Air Force Academy serve as military academies under the categorization of service academies in that country.
Cross-country skiing at the 1972 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre
The men's 50 kilometre cross-country skiing competition at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, Japan, was held on Thursday 10 February at Makomanai Cross Country Events Site. Kalevi Oikarainen of Finland was the 1970 World champion and Ole Ellefsæter of Norway was the defending champion from the 1968 Olympics in Grenoble, France.

Each skier started at half a minute intervals, skiing the entire 50 kilometre course. Of the 40 athletes who started the race, seven did not finish. Pål Tyldum of Norway took his third medal of the Games; his first individual Olympic gold medal.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
2012 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Division B
The 2012 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Division B was the eighth edition of the Division B of the Women's European basketball championship for national under-20 teams. It was held in Klatovy, Czech Republic, from 16 to 26 August 2012. Greece women's national under-20 basketball team won the tournament.

Klatovy
Klatovy (Czech pronunciation: [ˈklatovɪ]; German: Klattau) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Radio (2023 film)
Radio (Bengali: রেডিও) is a 2023 Bangladeshi war-drama film about the Bangladesh Liberation War. The film was directed by Anonno Mamun and written by Anon Zaman. The film is about the historic 7 March speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. It had a limited premiere on television on 7 March 2023, and was later released in cinema halls. Taranga Production produced the film.

Anonno Mamun
Anonno Mamun (Bengali: অনন্য মামুন), (born 27 March 1986) is a Bangladeshi film director, screenwriter, producer and sole owner of Action Cut Entertainment LLC, a film production and distribution company. His works include Most Welcome, Ami Shudhu Cheyechi Tomay, Ostitto, Ami Tomar Hote Chai, Nabab LLB, Makeup, Koshai, Amanush, and Dard.
James Moffatt (rugby)
James "Jim" G. Moffatt (birth unknown – death unknown) was a Scottish rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1890s and 1900s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Melrose RFC, as a forward, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Other Nationalities and Lancashire, and at club level for Oldham and Leeds, as a forward.

Melrose RFC
Melrose Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club located in the town of Melrose in the Scottish Borders. The men's side competes in the Scottish Premiership. The club plays at the Greenyards. The club is synonymous with inventing Rugby sevens and their tournament the Melrose Sevens is one of the most prestigious sevens tournaments in the world.

Between the 2019-2020 and 2023-2024 seasons the club ran a men's professional side known as the Southern Knights which competed in the Super 6 league and Super Sprint competitions.
Pristimantis caryophyllaceus
Pristimantis caryophyllaceus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama; records from Colombia prior to 2010 refer to Pristimantis educatoris. However, taxonomy of Pristimantis caryophyllaceus and P. educatoris remain unsettled, and many sources continue to report Pristimantis caryophyllaceus from Colombia.

Pristimantis caryophyllaceus is sometimes known as the La Loma robber frog, after La Loma, its type locality on the trail between Chiriquicito and Boquete, in the Bocas del Toro Province of Panama.

Boquete, Chiriquí
Boquete is a small mountain town in Panama. It is located in the westernmost Province of Chiriquí, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from the border with Costa Rica, and lies on the Caldera River, in Panama's green mountain highlands. Because of its elevation, some 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level, its climate is cooler than that of the lowlands. Its scenic location, temperature, and natural environment make it popular with Panamanians and attracts tourists and retirees from all over the world.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Gozo
The Diocese of Gozo (Latin: Dioecesis Goulos-Gaudisiensis; Maltese: Djoċesi ta' Għawdex) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Malta, and the only suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Malta, together covering the insular state.

The diocese comprises the island of Gozo (seventeen miles west of the Maltese capital Valletta) and the islet of Comino.

Blessed Virgin of Ta' Pinu
The Blessed Virgin of Ta' Pinu, or as it is known in Maltese, "Il-Madonna ta' Pinu" is a religious devotion which originated on Gozo, the sister island of Malta. The many Maltese and Gozitans living abroad have managed to spread this devotion in many other parts of the world. The Ta' Pinu Basilica, is based in Għarb.

Pope Pius XI granted a formal decree of coronation for her on 24 May 1935, signed notarized by Cardinal Alexis Lepicier. The coronation took place on 20 June 1935.