hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M. Amin Arnaout
M. Amin Arnaout is a Lebanese physician-scientist and nephrologist best known for seminal discoveries in the biology and structure of integrin receptors. He is Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School  and Physician, former Chief of Nephrology, and Director of the Leukocyte Biology and Inflammation Laboratory at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).

Integrin
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that help cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, organization of the intracellular cytoskeleton, and movement of new receptors to the cell membrane. The presence of integrins allows rapid and flexible responses to events at the cell surface (e.g. signal platelets to initiate an interaction with coagulation factors).

Several types of integrins exist, and one cell generally has multiple different types on its surface. Integrins are found in all animal cells while integrin-like receptors are found in plant cells.

Integrins work alongside other proteins such as cadherins, the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecules, selectins and syndecans, to mediate cell–cell and cell–matrix interaction. Ligands for integrins include fibronectin, vitronectin, collagen and laminin.
Stephen E. Nagler
Stephen E. Nagler is a Canadian condensed matter and materials science physicist. Nagler is the Corporate Research Fellow of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and the Director of the laboratory's Quantum Condensed Matter Division. He is an adjunct professor with the Department of Physics at the University of Tennessee.

Nagler’s primary research interest is in condensed matter physics, especially quantum materials. He contributed to neutron scattering techniques, especially inelastic scattering to investigate the dynamics of materials. Nagler also worked with high resolution and time resolved x-ray scattering methods, using both in-house and synchrotron based x-ray sources.

Nagler contributed to the study of excitation (magnetic) and critical behavior (quantum) in materials science, as well as the study of non-equilibrium thermodynamics systems, quantum fluctuations, spin gap systems, and excitations in condensed matter.

Spin model
A spin model is a mathematical model used in physics primarily to explain magnetism. Spin models may either be classical or quantum mechanical in nature. Spin models have been studied in quantum field theory as examples of integrable models. Spin models are also used in quantum information theory and computability theory in theoretical computer science. The theory of spin models is a far reaching and unifying topic that cuts across many fields.
El pregón
El pregón is a 2016 Spanish comedy film directed by Dani de la Orden from a screenplay by Daniel González and David Serrano which stars Berto Romero, Andreu Buenafuente, Belén Cuesta, Jorge Sanz, and Goyo Jiménez.

Jorge Sanz
Jorge Sanz Miranda (born 26 August 1969) is a Spanish actor and one of the most prominent actors of the Spanish cinema since the 1980s. He is known to international audiences for his roles in the films: Amantes (1991) by director Vicente Aranda and Fernando Trueba’s Belle Époque (1992).
Kangaroo Jack: G'Day U.S.A.!
Kangaroo Jack: G'Day U.S.A.! (also known as Kangaroo Jack 2 or Kangaroo Jack 2: G'Day U.S.A.!) is a 2004 American animated action comedy film. It is a sequel to 2003's Kangaroo Jack that is directed by Ron Myrick and Jeffrey Gatrall. Released direct-to-video in 2004, it was produced by Warner Bros. Animation and Castle Rock Entertainment and distributed by Warner Home Video. Adam and Andrew Scheinman wrote the film. The DVD extras have a run time of over 50 minutes.

Andrew Scheinman
Andrew Scheinman is an American film and television producer, as well as a film director and screenwriter.  Before he got his start in entertainment, he worked as a professional tennis player, as well as earning a JD from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1973. He is one of the heads of Castle Rock Entertainment.

He won an Emmy Award for producing Seinfeld and was nominated for an Academy Award for producing A Few Good Men.

Scheinman, formerly a member of Writers Guild of America West, left and maintained financial core status in 2009.
Cerosterna fabricii
Cerosterna fabricii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1865. It is known from India and Laos.

Cerosterna fabricii measure about 30 mm (1.2 in) in length.

James Thomson (entomologist)
James Livingston Thomson (March 15, 1828 –  December 9, 1897) was an American entomologist who studied Coleoptera independently and mostly lived in France. A member of the Société entomologique de France, his collections of Cerambycidae, Buprestidae, Cetoniinae and Lucanidae were eventually sold to René Oberthür.
Elana Stone
Elana Stone is an Australian singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and bandleader. Her debut solo album, In the Garden of Wild Things, was released in 2005 on the Jazzgroove label. Its follow-up, Your Anniversary, was released in 2009, while her third and fourth albums (Kintsugi and Married To The Sound) were released independently in 2015 and 2024, respectively. She was also a member of the ARIA award–winning folk quartet All Our Exes Live in Texas, in which she provided vocals and played the accordion.

Outside of her solo career and her work with All Our Exes Live in Texas, Stone has worked with The Tango Saloon, and has toured with The Cat Empire, Bluejuice, Jackson Jackson, Tripod and the John Butler Trio. She is currently a backing vocalist and keyboardist in the touring band for Missy Higgins.

The Cat Empire
The Cat Empire are an Australian jazz and funk band, formed in Melbourne, Victoria, in 1999. For most of the band's duration, the core members were Felix Riebl (lead vocals, percussion), Harry James Angus (trumpet, vocals), Will Hull-Brown (drums), Jamshid "Jumps" Khadiwhala (turntables, percussion), Ollie McGill (keyboards, backing vocals) and Ryan Monro (bass, backing vocals). Monro retired from the band in March 2021, while Angus, Hull-Brown and Khadiwhala all left in April 2022. They are often supplemented by The Empire Horns, a brass duo composed of Ross Irwin (trumpet) and Kieran Conrau (trombone), among others. Their sound is a fusion of jazz, funk, ska, and rock with heavy Latin influences.
Gary Walters
Gary D. Walters is an American former basketball coach and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head men's basketball coach at Middlebury College in 1969–70, Union College in Schenectady, New York from 1973 to 1975, Dartmouth College from 1975 to 1979, and Providence College from 1979 to 1981, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 254–171.  Walters was the athletic director at his alma mater, Princeton University from 1994 to 2014.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Princess Twilight Sparkle (My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic episodes)
"Princess Twilight Sparkle" is the collective name for the first and second episodes of the fourth season of animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic as well as the sixty-sixth and sixty-seventh overall. The episodes follow the newly crowned Princess Twilight Sparkle, who travels back to her hometown of Ponyville from Canterlot after Princesses Celestia and Luna disappear, and the Everfree Forest invades Ponyville. As Twilight and her friends try to find the cause of the havoc, they discover the Tree of Harmony, where they give up the Elements of Harmony to save Equestria.

With a script finalized by August 2012, "Princess Twilight Sparkle" is intended to convey the title character's resilience as a leader and her developments in self-confidence, action, and triumph. Aired back-to-back on November 23, 2013, they received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the characters and theme of friendship but criticized them in comparison to other episodes.

Princess Luna
Princess Luna  (formerly known as Nightmare Moon) is a fictional character who appears in the fourth incarnation of Hasbro's My Little Pony toyline and media franchise, beginning with My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic (2010–2019). She serves as the co-ruler of Equestria alongside her older sister Princess Celestia. She is voiced by Tabitha St. Germain, who also voices Rarity.

Princess Luna is depicted as a wise but initially troubled anthropomorphic alicorn who is responsible for raising the moon and has the ability to enter and manipulate the dream realm. She is characterized by her dark blue coat, flowing ethereal mane that sparkles with stars, her tall stature, her regalia including a crown and ornate necklace, and her cutie mark depicting a crescent moon.
Abraçaço
Abraçaço (transl. Big Hug) is an album by Brazilian singer, songwriter, and guitarist Caetano Veloso, released in 2012 on Universal Records.

In November 2013, the album won the Latin Grammy of Best Singer-Songwriter Album. The song "Um Abraçaço" was also nominated for Record of the Year, Song of the Year and Latin Grammy Award for Best Brazilian Song. In the following year, a live version of the song "A Bossa Nova é Foda" was nominated for 2014 Latin Grammy's song of the Year and Best Brazilian Song.

The album was elected the best 2012 Brazilian album by Rolling Stone Brasil and "A Bossa Nova é Foda" was considered by the same magazine as the third best Brazilian song of the same year.

15th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 15th Annual Latin Grammy Awards was held on November 20, 2014 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas. This was the first time that Latin Grammys has been held at this location. The main telecast was broadcast on Univision at 8:00PM EST.

The nominations were announced on September 24, 2014. Puerto Rican musician  Eduardo Cabra led the nominations with ten nominations each. Joan Manuel Serrat was honored as the Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year on November 19, the day prior to the Latin Grammy Awards.
Adam Weisman
Adam Weisman (born July 29, 1986) is an American actor and casting director. As an actor, he is probably best known for his role as Steve Haley in Rob Zombie's Halloween. He later transitioned into casting, working on several prominent animated series.

Casting (performing arts)
In the performing arts industry such as theatre, film, or television, casting, or a casting call, is a pre-production process for selecting a certain type of actor, dancer, singer, or extra to land the role of a character in a script, screenplay, or teleplay. This process may be used for a motion picture, television program, documentary film, music video, play, or advertisement intended for an audience.
Ernest Burges
Christianity portal

Ernest Travers Burges  (14 August 1851 in Brislington – 10 June 1921 in Richmond) was Archdeacon of Maritzburg from 1908 until his death.

Burges was educated at Shrewsbury School and St John's College, Cambridge and ordained in 1881. After a curacy in Umzinto he was Vicar of Karkloof until 1905; and of Richmond until his death.

Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (/ˌpiːtərˈmærɪtsbɜːrɡ/; Zulu: uMgungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.

The town was named in Zulu, after King Dingane's royal homestead uMgungundlovu. Pietermaritzburg is popularly called Maritzburg and is often informally abbreviated to PMB. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producing aluminium, timber and dairy products, and is the main economic hub of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The public sector is a major employer in the city due to local, district and provincial government offices located here.

The city has many schools and tertiary education institutions, including a campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
Oswald Trellis
Oswald Fitz Burnell Trellis was the Dean of St George's Cathedral, Georgetown, Guyana from 1994.  until 2002.

Born January 1, 1935 he was ordained in 1975.  After studying at Chichester Theological College, he began his ecclesiastical career with Chelmsford curacies before being appointed Vicar of Heybridge in 1985. In 1994 he was elected to the Deanery of the Anglican Diocese of Guyana. He resigned in 2002 and returned to Essex as Priest in charge of the Church of All Saints, Doddinghurst, a post he resigned in April 2005.

Diocese of Chelmsford
The Diocese of Chelmsford is a Church of England diocese, part of the Province of Canterbury. It was created on 23 January 1914 from part of the Diocese of St Albans. It covers Essex and part of East London. Since 1984 it is divided into three episcopal areas, each with its own area bishop. The diocese covers around 1,500 square miles (3,900 km2) with a population of more than 3 million. It has 463 parishes and 588 churches.
Henry M. Hyams
Henry Michael Hyams (March 4, 1806 – June 25, 1875) was an American lawyer, planter and Democratic politician. He served as the seventh lieutenant governor of Louisiana from 1860 to 1864 under Governor Thomas Overton Moore during the American Civil War, when Louisiana joined the Confederate States of America. He was an advocate of slavery in the United States.

Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana
The lieutenant governor of Louisiana (French: Lieutenant-Gouverneur de la Louisiane; Spanish: Vicegobernador de Luisiana) is the second highest state office in Louisiana.  The current lieutenant governor is Billy Nungesser, a Republican. The lieutenant governor is also the commissioner of the Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation & Tourism.

Paul J. Hardy, who served from 1988 to 1992, was the first Republican to be elected to the position since the Reconstruction Era.
Mlowa Bwawani
Mlowa Bwawani is an administrative ward in the Chamwino District of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 9,815 people in the ward, from 9,031 in 2012.

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Les Moreres (Barcelona Metro)
Les Moreres is a Barcelona Metro station, located in the El Prat de Llobregat municipality, in the Metropolitan area of Barcelona. The station is served by line L9.

The station is located underneath the square between Av. de la Verge de Montserrat and Carrer de les Moreres. There are two entrances at Av. de la Verge de Montserrat, which serve an underground ticket hall. The two 108-metre (354 ft) long side platforms are at a lower level.

The station was opened in 2016, when line L9 was extended from Zona Universitaria station to Aeroport T1 station.

El Prat de Llobregat
El Prat de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [əl ˈpɾad də ʎuβɾəˈɣat]), commonly known as El Prat [əl ˈpɾat], is a municipality of Spain located in the comarca of Baix Llobregat in Catalonia. The Josep Tarradellas Barcelona–El Prat Airport largely lies within the municipal limits. It is part of the Barcelona metropolitan area.
Ludwell, Wiltshire
Ludwell is a small village in south Wiltshire, England, approximately 3 miles (5 km) east of the Dorset town of Shaftesbury. It lies within the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, on the A30 Salisbury-Shaftesbury road. For local government, Ludwell is part of Donhead St Mary civil parish.

Peckons Hill, Birdbush and Brook Waters are neighbouring hamlets to the northeast of Ludwell, along the A30 towards Ansty and Swallowcliffe.

The village has a primary school which was established in 1875, and an Anglican church, St John the Baptist, built in 1839 in Neo-Norman style with a two-tower west facade.

Notable buildings are Ludwell Stores & Post Office, a late 18th-century house with attached former bakery; and the Grove Arms public house, from the early 17th century with additions in the early 18th and 19th. Other businesses include T. Buttlings traditional butchers and Greenacre farm shop.

A30 road
The A30 is a major road in England, running 284 miles (457 km) WSW from London to Land's End.

The road has been a principal axis in Britain from the 17th century to early 19th century, as a major coaching route and post road. It used to provide the fastest route from London to the South West by land until a century before roads were numbered; nowadays much of this function is performed by the M3 (including A316) and A303 roads. The road has kept its principal status in the west from Honiton, Devon to Land's End where it is mainly dual carriageway and retains trunk road status.
Close Hatches
Close Hatches (foaled January 31, 2010) is a retired American Thoroughbred racehorse. Unraced as a two-year-old, she emerged as one of the leading fillies of her generation in the United States in 2013 when she won five of her eight races including the Gazelle Stakes, Mother Goose Stakes and Cotillion Handicap. In the following year she won the Grade II Azeri Stakes before recording successive Grade I victories in the Apple Blossom Handicap, Ogden Phipps Handicap and Personal Ensign Stakes.

Tampa Bay Derby
The Tampa Bay Derby is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for three years old horses over the distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on the dirt scheduled annually in March at Tampa Bay Downs racetrack in Oldsmar, Florida. The event currently carries a purse of $400,000.
Skansen Lejonet
Skansen Lejonet ("the Lion Sconce"), formally Westgötha Leijon ("the Westrogothic Lion"), is a redoubt on the hill Gullberg in Gothenburg, Sweden, built in 1687–92 on the site of an earlier medieval castle. It was decommissioned in 1822 and has since served a range of other purposes.

The fortress and its twin, Skansen Kronan, were built to protect the city of Gothenburg against possible Danish attack, and thus had a similar purpose to the sea fort of New Älvsborg, which was built around the same time.

Redoubt
A redoubt (historically redout) is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, although some are constructed of stone or brick. It is meant to protect soldiers outside the main defensive line and can be a permanent structure or a hastily constructed temporary fortification. The word means "a place of retreat". Redoubts were a component of the military strategies of most European empires during the colonial era, especially in the outer works of Vauban-style fortresses made popular during the 17th century, although the concept of redoubts has existed since medieval times. A redoubt differs from a redan in that the redan is open in the rear, whereas the redoubt was considered an enclosed work.
Hunzib language
Hunzib is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Hunzib people in the Tsunta and Kizilyurt districts of Dagestan and in two villages across the Russian border in Georgia. Hunzib is not an official language, and it is rarely written.

Ergative case
In grammar, the ergative case (abbreviated erg) is the grammatical case that identifies a nominal phrase  as the agent of a transitive verb in ergative–absolutive languages.

Comparing this with English: we use a Subject-Object model where the Subject is the "doer" and the object is the one done to.  For example, a sentence like "I help him" is Subject-Noun-Object (a transitive sentence) and "He sleeps" is Subject-Noun with no object (intransitive).  But in languages that use an Ergative-Absolutive model, the Ergative is used as "doer" only in a transitive sentence, otherwise the Absolutive is used.  So it's like saying "I help him" (Ergative-Noun-Absolutive) but "Him sleeps" (Absolutive-Noun) (= sleeping is happening to him).
Morrison–Knudsen
Morrison–Knudsen (MK) was an American civil engineering and construction company, with headquarters in Boise, Idaho.

MK designed and constructed major infrastructure throughout the world and was one of the consortium of firms that built Hoover Dam, San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge, the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, and many other large projects of American infrastructure.

Bay Area Rapid Transit
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a rapid transit system serving the San Francisco Bay Area in California. BART serves 50 stations along six routes and 131 miles (211 kilometers) of track, including eBART, a 9-mile (14 km) spur line running to Antioch, and Oakland Airport Connector, a 3-mile (4.8 km) automated guideway transit line serving Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport. With an average of 186,000 weekday passenger trips as of the fourth quarter of 2025 and 55,483,900 annual passenger trips in 2025, BART is the seventh-busiest rapid transit system in the United States.

BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District which formed in 1957. The initial system opened in stages from 1972 to 1974. The system has been extended several times, most recently in 2020, when Milpitas and Berryessa/North San José stations opened as part of the under construction Silicon Valley BART extension in partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA).
Gold chalcogenides
Gold chalcogenides are compounds formed between gold and one of the chalcogens, elements from group 16 of the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium.

Gold(III) oxide, Au2O3. Decomposes into gold and oxygen above 160 °C, and dissolves in concentrated alkalis to form solutions which probably contain the [Au(OH)4]− ion

Gold(I) sulfide, Au2S. Formed by reaction of hydrogen sulfide with gold(I) compounds.

Gold(III) sulfide, Au2S3, claimed material but unsubstantiated.

Gold tellurides: Au2Te3, Au3Te5, and AuTe2 (approximate formulas) are known as non-stoichiometric compounds. They show metallic conductivity. Au3Te5 is a superconductor at 1.62 K.

Gold telluride minerals, such as calaverite and krennerite (AuTe2), petzite (Ag3AuTe2), and sylvanite (AgAuTe2), are minor ores of gold (and tellurium). See telluride minerals for more information.

Krennerite
Krennerite is an orthorhombic gold telluride mineral which can contain variable amounts of  silver in the structure. The formula is AuTe2, but specimen with gold substituted by up to 24% with silver have been found ([Au0.77Ag0.24]Te2). Both of the chemically similar gold-silver tellurides, calaverite and sylvanite, are in the monoclinic crystal system, whereas krennerite is orthorhombic.

The color varies from silver-white to brass-yellow. It has a specific gravity of 8.62 and a hardness of 2.5. It occurs in high temperature, hydrothermal environments.

Krennerite was discovered in 1878 near the village of Săcărâmb, Romania, and first described by the Hungarian mineralogist Joseph Krenner (1839–1920).