hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goodbye Youth (1940 film)
Goodbye Youth (Italian: Addio, giovinezza!) is a 1940 Italian "white-telephones" drama film directed by Ferdinando Maria Poggioli and starring María Denis, Adriano Rimoldi and Clara Calamai. The film was adapted from the 1911 play of the same name by Nino Oxilia and Sandro Camasio, which had been adapted into films on three previous occasions. The film was a breakthrough role for Calamai who emerged as a leading star of Italian cinema during the 1940s. It was made at the Cinecittà studios in Rome and the Fert Studios in Turin.

Cinecittà
Cinecittà (pronounced [ˌtʃinetʃitˈta]; Italian for 'Cinema City') is a large film studio in Rome, Italy. With an area of 400,000 square metres (99 acres), it is the largest film studio in Europe, and is considered the hub of Italian cinema. The studios were constructed during the Fascist era as part of a plan to revive the Italian film industry and to compete with Hollywood.

Filmmakers such as Federico Fellini, Roberto Rossellini, Luchino Visconti, Sergio Leone, Bernardo Bertolucci, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, Mel Gibson and Luca Guadagnino have worked at Cinecittà. More than 3,000 movies have been filmed there, of which 90 received an Academy Award nomination and 47 of these won it. In the 1950s, the number of international productions being made there led to Rome being dubbed "Hollywood on the Tiber."
Lomandra gracilis
Lomandra gracilis is a perennial, rhizomatous herb that is found in New South Wales and Queensland in eastern Australia.

It was first described in 1810 as Xerotes gracilis by Robert Brown, but was re-assigned to the genus, Lomandra, in 1962 by Alma Theodora Lee.

Alma Theodora Lee
Alma Theodora Lee (née Melvaine; 12 April 1912 — 20 October 1990) was an Australian botanist and plant taxonomist who worked at the National Herbarium of New South Wales, University of Sydney, and CSIRO.  She is notable for raising the standard of systematic botany in Australia, and for her revisions of Swainsona and Typha.  She also studied the Fabaceae with colleagues. The standard author abbreviation A.T.Lee is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.  She described over 40 species.  The March 1991 issue of the journal Telopea was dedicated to her memory.
Tyler's mouse opossum
Tyler's mouse opossum (Marmosa tyleriana) is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae.  It lives in rainforests of the Guiana Highlands of southern Venezuela at elevations between 1300 and 2200 m. The species has only been found on three isolated tepuis (Auyantepui, Marahuaca and Sarisariñama). All three of these locations are in protected areas (Canaima, Duida-Marahuaca and Jaua-Sarisariñama national parks).

The Latin species name refers to the habitat in which the opossum was first found, a Tyleria forest. In turn, both the genus Tyleria and the opossum's common name refer to Sidney F. Tyler, an American historian and photographer who helped finance the 1928-29 expedition of the American Museum of Natural History to the headwaters of the Orinoco, during which the opossum was discovered.

Cerro Sarisariñama
Cerro Sarisariñama is a tepui, a flat-topped mountain in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park at the far south-west of Bolívar State, Venezuela, near the border with Brazil. Its altitude range is between 300 m (980 ft) and 2,350 m (7,710 ft). The name of the mountain originates from the tale of the local Ye'kuana people about an evil spirit living in caves up in the mountain and devouring human flesh with a sound "Sari... sari...".

The tepui is in one of the most remote areas in the country, with the closest road being 35 miles to the northeast.
Ulla Berghammer
Ulla Berghammer (born Ursula Much; 26 December 1887 - 24 September 1957) was a German politician. During 1946/47 she was a member of the advisory state assembly which preceded the Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate, charged with creating a new state constitution.

Palatinate (region)
The Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ; Palatine German: Palz), or the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a historical region of Germany. The Palatinate occupies most of the southern quarter of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km2) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as Palatines (Pfälzer).
Neirivue railway station
Neirivue railway station (French: Gare de  Neirivue), is a railway station in the municipality of Haut-Intyamon, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Palézieux–Bulle–Montbovon railway line of Transports publics Fribourgeois.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Fredz
Frédéric Carrier (born January 25, 2002), known professionally as Fredz, is a Canadian singer from Longueuil, Quebec. He is most noted for his 2024 album Demain il fera beau, which was a Félix Award nominee for Rap Album of the Year at the 46th Félix Awards in 2024, and a Juno Award nominee for Francophone Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2025.

His 2025 album On s'enverra des fleurs was shortlisted for Francophone Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2026.

46th Félix Awards
The 46th Félix Awards were held on November 3, 2024, to honour achievements in Quebec music. The ceremony was hosted by comedian Pierre-Yves Roy-Desmarais.

The advance gala, presenting the awards in lower-profile and industry categories, was held on October 30.
Shimanto Union
Shimanto Union Haripur  (Bengali: সীমান্ত ইউনিয়ন হরিপুর) is a union parishad of Jibannagar Upazila, in Chuadanga District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 115.15 square kilometres (44.46 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 33,052. There are 15 villages and 11 mouzas in the union.

Chuadanga District
Chuadanga District (Bengali: চুয়াডাঙ্গা জেলা) is a district in south western Bangladesh, specifically Khulna Division, Bangladesh. It is bordered by the Indian state of  West Bengal to the west, Meherpur District to the northwest, Jessore District to the south, Jhenaidah District to the east, and Kushtia District to the north. Before partition Chuadanga was one of the five subdivisions of Nadia district.
Clergy Reserves in Canada Act 1840
The Clergy Reserves in Canada Act 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 78) is the short-title of An Act to provide for the Sale of the Clergy Reserves in the Province of Canada, and for the Distribution of the Proceeds thereof, passed at Westminster in the 3rd/4th year of Queen Victoria.

The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada had passed a law to sell the reserves in 1840, but it was disallowed and displaced by this Act. Although considered to be more favourable to the Anglican Church of Canada, this Act as passed provided that only one-half of future sales would be dedicated on a 2:1 basis to the Anglican Church and the Church of Scotland, with the remaining moiety being distributed to all other churches according to their respective strengths. The administration of the reserve lands was transferred to the Crown Lands Department, where it was handled in a less contentious manner.

Commissioner of Crown Lands (Province of Canada)
The Commissioner of Crown Lands was a member of the Executive Council for the Province of Canada responsible for administering the surveying and sale of Crown land, the forests, mines, and fisheries of the Province. From 1841 to 1867 the Department of Crown Lands was the biggest of the Province of Canada's departments. It assumed responsibility for mining in 1846, for fisheries in 1857, and for Indian Affairs in 1860. It functioned on a dual basis, with each branch divided into two separate sections, one for Upper Canada and one for Lower Canada. After Canadian Confederation in 1867, responsibility for provincial crown land and for natural resources was assigned to the provinces (Ontario and Quebec) while responsibility for fisheries and Indian Affairs were transferred to the new federal government.

Assistant Commissioners of Crown Lands for the Province of Canada

Louis-Tancrède Bouthillier, 19 August 1841, to 30 April 1850.

Andrew Russell, 18 July 1857, to 30 June 1867.
Lakis Fylaktou
Charalampos ("Lakis"/"Laris"/"Larrys") Fylaktou (also Phylactou; Greek: Χαράλαμπος (Λάκης/Λάρης) Φυλακτού; born 28 January 1964) is a Cypriot swimmer.

He competed in two events at the 1980 Summer Olympics at the age of 16. At the 1980 Summer Olympics, Fylaktou competed in the Men's 100 m freestyle and the Men's 100 m backstroke events. In the Men's 100 m freestyle event, Fylaktou was entered into heat two. He finished 7th of 8 swimmers beating only Angola's Jorge Lima with a time of 57.41 seconds. In the Men's 100 m backstroke, Fylaktou finished 7th out of 7 swimmers with a time of 1:08.92 seconds.

Swimming at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Swimming as usual was one of the three aquatics disciplines at the 1980 Summer Olympics—the other two being Water Polo and Diving. It was held in the Swimming Pool of the Olimpiysky Sports Complex between July 20 and July 27. There was a total of 333 participants from 41 countries competing.

Because the number of participants was reduced by the boycott, FINA broke format by doing away with the semifinals. Instead, the top 8 finishers from the heats qualified directly for the final, or final A as it was called. In events up to 400 m, those that finished 9th to 16th in the heats would swim in Final B for the 9th place after the swimmers from Final A swam. This would continue as the Olympic format up to the 1996 Olympic Games.
Denmark at the 1988 Winter Paralympics
Denmark competed at the 1988 Winter Paralympics in held in Innsbruck, Austria. Three competitors from Denmark did not win any medals and so finished last in the medal table. Two athletes competed in alpine skiing and one athlete competed in cross-country skiing.

1988 Winter Paralympics medal table
The 1988 Winter Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won by their athletes during the 1988 Winter Paralympics, held in Innsbruck, Austria, from January 18 to January 25, 1988.
Harimau! Harimau!
Harimau! Harimau! (translated as Tiger! Tiger!) is an Indonesian novel written by Mochtar Lubis and originally published in 1975. Written in a Madiun prison as a response to Indonesians following President Sukarno's leadership without question, it tells the story of seven dammar collectors who are attacked by a tiger on their way back to their village and are unable to be saved by their charismatic leader. The book was critically acclaimed, receiving the Best Book award from the Indonesian Department of Education and Culture. It has been translated into English, Dutch and Mandarin.

Mochtar Lubis
Mochtar Lubis ([moxˈtar luˈbɪs]; 7 March 1922 – 2 July 2004) was an Indonesian journalist and novelist who co-founded Indonesia Raya and monthly literary magazine Horison. His novel Senja di Jakarta (Twilight in Jakarta in English) was the first Indonesian novel to be translated into English. He was a critic of Sukarno and was imprisoned by him, as well as by Suharto on several later occasions. He held strong anti-leftist views and was seen by critics as aligned with Indonesian National Armed Forces and pro-U.S forces that were opposed to Sukarno’s non-aligned policies, a charge that he himself denied.
Burn notice
A "burn notice" is an official statement issued by an intelligence agency to other agencies. It states that an asset or intelligence source is unreliable for one or several reasons, often fabrication, and must be officially disavowed. This is essentially a directive for the recipient to disregard or "burn" all information derived from that individual or group.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1976–1979
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council between 1976 and 1979. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1973 state election with terms expiring in 1979, while the other half were elected at the 1976 state election with terms expiring in 1982.

The 1975 redistribution, which created four new seats in Greater Melbourne and abolished one (Northern Province) in the country, came into effect during the term.

1  On 6 August 1976, John Tripovich, Labor MLC for Doutta Galla, died. Labor candidate David White won the resulting by-election on 16 October 1976.

2  In April 1978, Keith Bradbury, National (Country) MLC for North Eastern, resigned. National candidate Bill Baxter won the resulting by-election on 24 June 1978.

3  In August 1978, Vance Dickie, Liberal MLC for Ballarat, resigned. Labor candidate David Williams won the resulting by-election on 28 October 1978.

Ballarat Province
Ballarat Province was an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Council 
from 1937 until 2006, located around Ballarat.

Ballarat, along with Doutta Galla, Higinbotham and Monash Provinces was created in the expansion of the Legislative Council in 1937. Ballarat was abolished from the 2006 state election in the wake of the Bracks Labor government's reform of the Legislative Council.
Fish farming in South Australia
Fish farming is a major economic contributor to South Australia's seafood sector. The most valuable species is the Southern bluefin tuna, which is caught in the wild then transferred into sea cages in southern Spencer Gulf where they are fed locally caught sardines. The second most valuable species is the Yellowtail kingfish, which is farmed near Port Lincoln and Arno Bay. A tourist venture called Oceanic Victor located in Encounter Bay allows paying customers the opportunity to swim in a sea cage with the Southern bluefin tuna and handfeed the fish. Prominent companies in the fish farming sector in South Australia include Clean Seas and Tony's Tuna International.

Sardinops
Sardinops is a genus of sardines of the family Alosidae. Often considered monotypic with only member as Sardinops sagax, it currently has three valid species:

Sardinops melanosticta (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Japanese pilchard)

Sardinops ocellatus (Pappe, 1853) (Southern African pilchard)

Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842)
Sardinops sagax caeruleus (Girard, 1854) (Californian pilchard)
Sardinops sagax musica (Girard, 1855)
Sardinops sagax neopilchardus (Steindachner, 1879) (Australian pilchard)

It is found in the Indo-Pacific, East Pacific, Southeastern Atlantic and southwestern Indian oceans. Its length is up to 40 cm (16 in). It has numerous common or vernacular names, some of which more appropriately refer to subspecies, including blue pilchard, blue-bait, Peruvian Pacific sardine (S. s. sagax), South American pilchard, Chilean sardine, and Pacific sardine.

An extinct species, S. humboldti, was described in 2025 from Miocene fossils in southern Peru.
W. G. Curtis
W. G. Curtis was a farmer and politician in the U.S. state of Wyoming in the late 19th century, having served in the Wyoming State Legislature representing Laramie County.

Curtis is credited with founding the town of Torrington, Wyoming. The first post office was built in 1889 on the western part of Curtis's farm, approximately a mile from the current town. Curtis, serving as the first postmaster, named the town after Torrington, Connecticut, where he and his family had formerly lived.  Curtis was also mayor of Torrington for two terms and served in the Wyoming State Legislature in 1903.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.
Isabelle Mancini
Isabelle Mancini (born 26 July 1967 in Arbois, Jura) is a French cross-country skier who competed from 1988 to 1994. Competing in two Winter Olympics, she earned her best finishes at Albertville in 1992 with a fifth in the 4 × 5 km relay overall, and ninth in the 5 km + 10 km combined pursuit individually.

Mancini's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was tenth in the 30 km event at Val di Fiemme in 1991. Her best World Cup finish was sixth in a 15 km event in the United States in 1989.

Mancini's lone individual victory was in a 10 km Continental Cup event in France in 1993.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1991
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1991 took place between 7 and 17 February 1991 in Val di Fiemme, Italy. The women's 5 km was reintroduced after not being held in the previous championships. The men's 10 km was introduced in this championships. Additionally, this was the first championship with a unified German team for the first time officially since 1939 following separate East German and West German teams that had competed from 1958 to 1989.
Nistorești
Nistorești is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Bâtcari, Brădetu, Făgetu, Nistorești, Podu Șchiopului, Românești, Ungureni, Valea Neagră, and Vetrești-Herăstrău.

Vrancea County
Vrancea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈvrant͡ʃe̯a]) is a county (județ) in Romania, with its seat at Focșani. It is mostly in the historical region of Moldavia but the southern part, below the Milcov River, is in Muntenia.
2nd Japan Film Professional Awards
The 2nd Japan Film Professional Awards (第2回日本映画プロフェッショナル大賞) is the 2nd edition of the Japan Film Professional Awards. It awarded the best of 1992 in film. The ceremony took place on March 27, 1993, at Cinema Argo Shinjuku in Tokyo.

Hideyuki Hirayama
Hideyuki Hirayama (平山秀幸, Hirayama Hideyuki; born September 18, 1950 in Kitakyushu) is a Japanese film director. His theatrical debut was the film Maria's Stomach in 1990. He won the Directors Guild of Japan New Directors Award for The Games Teachers Play in 1992. In 1995, School Ghost Stories was a big hit and made into popular series. Begging for Love in 1998 got many awards as International press award (FIPRESCI) in Montreal World Film Festival, Japan Academy Prize for Director of the Year, Mainichi Film Award for Best Director etc. In 2001, Hirayama won Best Director Choice for Turn at the Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival. He also got several Japanese film awards for director, including the Best Director award for The Laughing Frog and Out at the 2003 Yokohama Film Festival.
Pathé Records (China)
The Shanghai Pathé Record Company (Chinese: 上海百代唱片公司; pinyin: Shànghǎi Bǎidài Gōngsī Chàngpiàn; Cantonese Yale: Baakdoih Cheungpín) was one of the first major record companies in Shanghai, Republic of China, and later relocated to colonial British Hong Kong following the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The company was an Asia-Pacific subsidiary of the Pathé Records based in France, and later of EMI Group, which was broken up in 2012.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
James Brown (South Dakota judge)
James Brown (c. 1864 – December 20, 1936) was a justice of the South Dakota Supreme Court from 1927 to 1930.

Born in Crosshouse, Ayrshire, Scotland, Brown came to the United States in 1880 and received his law degree from the University of Iowa College of Law before moving to Chamberlain, South Dakota, in 1888. Brown practiced law in Chamberlain until November 1927, when he was appointed to the court by Governor William J. Bulow following the death of Justice John H. Gates. Brown unsuccessfully sought reelection to the seat in 1930, losing to Frederick A. Warren. Although election returns initially showed Brown winning the November election by 83 votes, Warren sought a recount which was concluded in January 1931, and led to Warren being declared the winner by 254 votes out of nearly 127,000 cast. Brown thereafter served as an assistant attorney general of South Dakota from February 1931 to April 1936.

Brown died in Pierre, South Dakota, at the age of 76.

William J. Bulow
William John Bulow (January 13, 1869 – February 26, 1960) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the first Democrat to serve as Governor of South Dakota, from 1927 to 1931. He received the highest number of votes of any Democratic candidate for governor in the state up to that time. Bulow then went on to serve as a member of the United States Senate from South Dakota from 1931 to 1943.
Tram Sessions
Tram Sessions (November 11, 1898 – January 24, 1984) was an American football center for the Alabama Crimson Tide of the University of Alabama. Sessions was selected All-Southern thrice. Sessions was the first secretary-treasurer of the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame.

Sessions represented Jefferson County, Alabama in the Alabama State House of Representatives from the 1940s to the 1960s. He sponsored a house resolution which called for a renewal of the long-suspended Alabama–Auburn rivalry, but it was voted down by the Alabama State Senate by a 21–9 vote. Despite the setback, the football rivalry was renewed within the next five years.

College Football All-Southern Team
The College Football All-Southern Team was an all-star team of college football players from the Southern United States.  The honor was given annually to the best players at their respective positions. It is analogous to the All-America Team and was most often selected in newspapers. Notable pickers of All-Southern teams include John Heisman, Dan McGugin, George C. Marshall, Grantland Rice, W. A. Lambeth, Reynolds Tichenor, Nash Buckingham, Innis Brown, and Dick Jemison.