hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bolboschoenus novae-angliae
Bolboschoenus novae-angliae, common names New England bulrush and Salt march bulrush, is a plant species found along the Atlantic seacoast of the United States from Alabama to Maine (although there are no records of the plant from South Carolina, and reports from Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina remain unconfirmed). It grows in brackish and salt-water marshes and estuaries along the coast.

Bolboschoenus novae-angliae is a perennial herb up to 150 cm (80 inches) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Culms are triangular in cross-section. Flowers and fruits are borne in spikelets at the tip of the culm. Achenes are variable in shape, sometimes compressed, sometimes trigonous, the two shapes sometimes present on the same plant.

It is listed as a special concern species in Connecticut.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae.  Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are Carduus, Cynara (containing the widely eaten artichoke), Cirsium, and Onopordum.

They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs.  Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.

Thorns, spines, and prickles
In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.
Kinsella, Alberta
Kinsella is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Beaver County. It is located along Highway 14 and the CN Railway and has an elevation of 695 metres (2,280 ft).

The hamlet is located in census division No. 10 and in the federal riding of Vegreville-Wainwright.

Census division
Census divisions, in Canada and the United States, are areas delineated for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government in and of themselves. The census divisions of Canada are second-level census geographic unit, below provinces and territories, and above "census subdivisions" and "dissemination areas". In provinces where they exist, the census division may correspond to a county, a regional municipality or a regional district.

In the United States, the Census Bureau divides the country into four census regions and nine census divisions. The bureau also divides counties (or county equivalents) into either census county divisions or minor civil division, depending on the state.
Ryan Millar
Ryan Madsen Millar (born 22 January 1978) is an American former volleyball player. He was a member of United States national volleyball team from 1998 to 2008, and is a three-time Olympian (2000, 2004, 2008). He won a gold medal in the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, and is a three-time NORCECA Champion.

Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship
The NORCECA Men's Volleyball Championship is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of North America, Central America and the Caribbean, organized by the North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA). Since its introduction in 1969 the tournaments have occurred every two years. The competition has been dominated by Cuba and United States, who have won together 26 of the 28 editions of the tournament.
Rie Hikisaka
Rie Hikisaka (Japanese: 引坂理絵, Hepburn: Hikisaka Rie; born September 11) is a Japanese voice actress affiliated with Stay Luck. After participating in Stay Luck as a workshop student in 2015, she made her debut as a voice actress in 2016. She was inspired by Inuyasha, and voiced Hana Nono/Cure Yell in  HUGtto! PreCure and Chimumu in Waccha PriMagi!.

Violet Evergarden
Violet Evergarden (Japanese: ヴァイオレット・エヴァーガーデン, Hepburn: Vaioretto Evāgāden) is a Japanese light novel series written by Kana Akatsuki and illustrated by Akiko Takase. It was published by Kyoto Animation under their KA Esuma Bunko imprint, from December 2015 to March 2020. The story follows Violet Evergarden, a former child soldier who becomes an Auto Memory Doll tasked with writing letters that can connect people.

A 13-episode anime television series adaptation produced by Kyoto Animation aired between January and April 2018 with several advance screenings taking place in 2017. An original video animation episode was released in July 2018, and a spin-off film premiered in Japan in September 2019. A second anime film, Violet Evergarden: The Movie, serving as a sequel to the anime series, premiered in September 2020.

In 2014, Violet Evergarden won the grand prize in the fifth Kyoto Animation Award's novel category.
Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.

Plant hormone
Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and reproductive development. Unlike in animals (in which hormone production is restricted to specialized glands) each plant cell is capable of producing hormones. Went and Thimann coined the term "phytohormone" and used it in the title of their 1937 book.

Phytohormones occur across the plant kingdom, and even in algae, where they have similar functions to those seen in vascular plants ("higher plants"). Some phytohormones also occur in microorganisms, such as unicellular fungi and bacteria, however in these cases they do not play a hormonal role and can better be regarded as secondary metabolites.
Lost Songs of the Silk Road
Lost Songs of the Silk Road is the debut album by Ghazal, a trio made up of Iranian and Indian musicians. Swapan Chaudhuri played the tabla, Kayhan Kalhor played the kamancheh, and Shujaat Khan played the sitar. The album was released in 1997.

Kayhan Kalhor
Kayhan Kalhor (Persian: کیهان کلهر, born on 24 November 1964) is an Iranian Kurdish kamancheh and setar player, and composer. He has received three Grammy Award for Best Traditional World Music Album nominations. Kalhor has also earned two nominations and won one Grammy Award for Best Global Music Album as a member of the Silk Road Ensemble.
Burlington Mall (Massachusetts)
Burlington Mall is a shopping mall located in Burlington, Massachusetts. It was opened in 1968. Anchor stores are Nordstrom and Macy's, with one vacant anchor building formerly housing Lord & Taylor. The mall currently includes retailers Primark, Fabletics, Madewell, Tory Burch, Marc Jacobs, and Kate Spade New York.

J.Crew
J.Crew Group, Inc., is an American multi-brand, multi-channel, specialty retailer. The company offers an assortment of women's, men's, and children's apparel and accessories, including swimwear, outerwear, lounge-wear, bags, sweaters, denim, dresses, suiting, jewelry, and shoes.

In 2010, it sold via retail outlets, mail order catalogs, and an online store. As of August 2016, it operated more than 450 retail stores throughout the United States. On May 4, 2020, the company announced that it would apply for bankruptcy protection amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Crew successfully exited bankruptcy protection in September 2020.
Astana Triathlon Park
Astana Triathlon Park (Kazakh: Астана триатлон паркі, romanized: Astana triatlon parkı) is an urban park in Astana that is used as a recreation area for jogging, skiing and cycling. It was opened in July 2016 as a gift for the 18th anniversary of Capital City Day from the largest construction holding in Kazakhstan Bi Group. It is located right beside the Bauyrzhan Momyshuly Park and Presidential Park in the right embankment of the Ishim river.

The park is known for its yearly sports event that take place with the first one being held in 2018. In October 2018, it was announced that a sports complex would be built within the park.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
2022 Americana Music Honors & Awards
The 2022 Americana Music Honors & Awards ceremony was held on Wednesday, September 14, 2022, at Ryman Auditorium the in Nashville, Tennessee. The marquee event for the Americana Music Association, artists are awarded for outstanding achievements in the music industry.

Ryman Auditorium
Ryman Auditorium (originally Union Gospel Tabernacle and renamed Grand Ole Opry House for a period) is a historic 2,362-seat live-performance venue and museum located at 116 Rep. John Lewis Way North, in the downtown core of Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is best known as the home of the Grand Ole Opry from 1943 to 1974. It is owned and operated by Ryman Hospitality Properties, Inc. Ryman Auditorium was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 and was later designated as a National Historic Landmark on June 25, 2001, for its pivotal role in the popularization of country music. A storied stage for Rock & Roll artists for decades, the Ryman was named a Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Landmark in 2022.
Field-aligned irregularity
A field-aligned irregularity (FAI) is an anisotropic (different values when measured in different directions) perturbation of plasma density associated with magnetic fields. FAIs are often thought of in the context of the Earth's ionosphere where several natural processes generate FAIs in the E-region and F-region.

They occur at 50 and 140 MHz, where electrons associated with the event become vertically aligned with Earth's magnetic field. FAI may occur for several hours after it starts. Optimum times for observance appear to be between 8 PM and midnight.

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Coonamit Bridge
The Coonamit Bridge is a heritage-listed road bridge that carries Swan Hill Road across the Wakool River, connecting Mallan and Dilpurra in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The bridge was designed by Harvey Dare and built in 1929. The bridge is owned by Transport for NSW and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 June 2000.

Wakool River
Wakool River, an anabranch of the Edward River that is part of the Murray River catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the western Riverina region of south western New South Wales, Australia.

The Wakool River splits from the Edward River (itself an anabranch of the Murray) near Deniliquin, and flows generally to the west, southwest, northwest, and then west, joined by eleven minor tributaries, including the Niemur River. The Wakool is rejoined by the Edward River near Kyalite, not far from where it runs back into the main channel of the Murray, at Wakool Junction; dropping 43 metres (141 ft) over the course of its 363 kilometres (226 mi) length.
Pennask Creek Provincial Park
Pennask Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is located on highway 97C about 50 kilometres west of Kelowna.

It was established on April 18, 2001, to protect a significant rainbow trout brood fishery. The park also contains mature forests of Lodgepole pine with some Engelmann spruce and other species of flora. It is not intended for public use except for viewing of fish spawning and other educational programs.

Picea engelmannii
Picea engelmannii, with the common names Engelmann spruce, mountain spruce, and silver spruce, is a species of spruce native to western North America. It is highly prized for producing distinctive tone wood for acoustic guitars and other instruments, it is mostly a high-elevation mountain tree but also appears in watered canyons.
Aleksander Podrätšik
Aleksander Podrätšik (1888–1921), also spelt Aleksander Podrätshik, was an Estonian teacher, historian and politician.

Born on 4 May 1888 in Konguta in Tartu County, Podrätšik was a member of the Estonian Provincial Assembly which governed the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia between 1917 and 1919. He sat for the duration of the assembly, which was from 14 July 1917 until 23 April 1919, after which Estonia became a sovereign nation; thereafter, Podrätšik did not sit on the Asutav Kogu (the Constitutional Assembly) or independent Estonia's new parliament, the Riigikogu. He died on 8 February 1921 in Pärnu.

Tartu County
Tartu County (Estonian: Tartu maakond or Tartumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia.

It is located in eastern Estonia, and it borders Põlva County, Valga County, Viljandi County, and Jõgeva County.

The area of Tartu County is 2,992.74 km2 (1,155.50 sq mi), which covers 6.9% of the territory of Estonia. In 2022 Tartu County had a population of 157,758 – constituting 11.9% of the total population in Estonia. The city of Tartu is the centre of the county located at a distance of 186 km (116 mi) from Tallinn. Tartu County is divided into 8 local governments – 1 urban and 7 rural municipalities.
William Cooper (co-operator)
William Cooper (1822 – 31 October 1868) was an English co-operator, Owenite, and a founding member of the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers.

Cooper played a leading role in promoting the success of the Rochdale Pioneers through written correspondence, speeches, and newspaper pieces. He believed the co-operative movement should extend beyond retail trade and he played a role in establishing the Rochdale District Co-operative Corn Mill Society in 1850, the Rochdale Co-operative Manufacturing Society in 1854, the North of England Co-operative Wholesale Society in 1863, and the Co-operative Insurance Society in 1867.

The Co-operative Group
The Co-operative Group Limited, trading as Co-op and formerly known as the Co-operative Wholesale Society, is a British consumer co-operative with a group of retail businesses, including grocery retail and wholesale, legal services, funerals and insurance, and social enterprise.

The group has its headquarters located at One Angel Square in Manchester, England. The Group also manages the Co-operative Federal Trading Services, formerly the Co-operative Retail Trading Group (CRTG).
Ellison Ridge, West Virginia
Ellison Ridge is an unincorporated community in Summers County, West Virginia, United States. Ellison Ridge is southwest of Hinton and southeast of Beckley.

Ellison Ridge is close to where the settlement of Lilly once stood before, which was abandoned when the Bluestone Dam project began. Ellison Ridge has a parking lot allowing access to the convergence of the Little Bluestone River and the Bluestone River. A pedestrian bridge across the Little Bluestone River which allows access to the footpath through Bluestone State Park.

Summers County, West Virginia
Summers County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,959. Its county seat is Hinton. The county was created by an act of the West Virginia Legislature on February 27, 1871, from parts of Fayette, Greenbrier, Mercer and Monroe counties and named in honor of George W. Summers (1804–1868).
Manulea lutarella
Eilema lutarella is a species of moth in the family Erebidae. It is found in North Africa through Central Europe up to the area surrounding the Amur River and Sakhalin. In the north, it is found up to Scandinavia, Komi Republic in European Russia, Vitim river in Siberia.

The wingspan is 27–30 mm. The moth flies from July to August depending on the location.

The larvae feed on lichen.

Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (Russian: Республика Коми; Komi: Коми Республика), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republic of Russia situated in the northeast of European Russia. Its capital is the city of Syktyvkar.

The population of the republic  at the 2021 census was 737,853, down from 901,189 at the 2010 census.
Virginia L. Wright
Virginia L. Wright is an American Republican politician from Sheridan, Wyoming. She represented the Sheridan County in the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1989 to 1993. When Wyoming changed the state legislature from a county-based to system to a district-based system in 1992, she was elected to represent the 51st district. Wright announced she would not run for re-election in December 1993.

Wyoming House of Representatives
The Wyoming House of Representatives is the lower house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 62 Representatives in the House, representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state, each with a population of at least 9,000. The House convenes at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the House serve two year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Representatives to six terms (twelve years).

The current Speaker of the House is Chip Neiman.
2012 Croke Cup
The 2012 Croke Cup was the 61st staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 10 March to 31 March 2012.

St Kieran's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by St Joseph's CBS, Nenagh in the All-Ireland semi-final.

The final was played on 31 March 2012 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between St Joseph's CBS and Kilkenny CBS, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Joseph's CBS won the match by 3–10 to 2–11 to claim their first ever Croke Cup title.

Jason Forde was the top scorer with 2-16.

Semple Stadium
FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster. Located in Thurles, County Tipperary, it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple, the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906, and 1908.

The stadium is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions.
Chris Holstein
Christopher David Holstein (born 19 May 1958) is an Australian politician who served as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing Gosford for the Liberal Party from 2011 to 2015.

Electoral district of Gosford
Gosford is an electoral district of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in Australia. The electorate covers the southern and western parts of the Central Coast Council in the Central Coast region, including central Gosford and Woy Woy.

It is represented by Liesl Tesch of the Labor Party, elected at the 2017 by-election.
St Machar Academy
St Machar Academy is an Aberdeen City Council secondary school on St Machar Drive. It is near King's College and St Machar's Cathedral.

St Machar Academy was opened on 24 August 1988 from the merger of Hilton Academy and Powis Academy. Other names considered for the school included Aberdeen Academy, Old Aberdeen Academy and Bon Accord Academy. On 28 June 2002, Linksfield Academy was closed and it merged with St Machar Academy on 22 August after the summer holidays.

Summer vacation
The terms summer vacation, summer break and summer holiday refer to a school break in the summer between school years and the break in the school academic year, where students are off anywhere between two weeks to three and a half months. Depending on the country and district, staff might be partially or fully excluded.

In Spain, Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, Georgia, Lithuania, Latvia, Lebanon, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, and Vietnam, summer vacation generally lasts for three months. In Australia, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, the Netherlands, Germany and Mexico, summer vacation generally lasts for two to six weeks, but may sometimes last for three months.
Bunker adjustment factor
Bunker adjustment factor, bunker surcharge or BAF refers to the floating part of sea freight charges which represents additions due to oil prices. BAF charges used to be determined by Carrier Conferences to be applicable for a certain period on a certain trade route.

The European Commission banned Carrier Conferences as of October 17, 2008. The shipping lines now set their own independent BAF rates. They will be closely monitored by the EC to ensure that no collusion is taking place.

Fluctuations in oil prices will alter rates depending on any of a wide variation in applications...

Price of oil
The price of oil, or the oil price, generally refers to the spot price of a barrel (159 litres) of benchmark crude oil—a reference price for buyers and sellers of crude oil such as West Texas Intermediate (WTI), Brent Crude, Dubai Crude, OPEC Reference Basket, Tapis crude, Bonny Light, Urals oil, Isthmus, and Western Canadian Select (WCS). Oil prices are determined by global supply and demand, rather than any country's domestic production level.
Okan (band)
Okan is a Juno Award-winning Canadian Afro-Cuban jazz group, whose core members are Cuban Canadian musicians Elizabeth Rodriguez and Magdelys Savigne, both former members of Jane Bunnett's band Maqueque. They perform both as a duo, and as leaders of a larger combo featuring session musicians.

Juno Award for Global Music Album of the Year
The Juno Award for Global Music Album of the Year has been awarded since 1992, as recognition each year for the best world music album in Canada.  It has previously been known as other names including "Best World Best Recording" and "Best World Music Album", with the current name being established in 2022.