hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CAMS 38
The CAMS 38 was a French single-seat racing flying-boat designed by Raffaele Conflenti and built by Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine (CAMS) for the 1923 Schneider Trophy race. The CAMS 38 was withdrawn from the race during the second lap.

Raffaele Conflenti
Raffaele Conflenti (4 December 1889 – 16 July 1946) was an Italian aeronautical engineer and aircraft designer. During his career, he worked for some of the most important seaplane manufacturers in Italy and designed a large number of aircraft including civil and military flying boats, record-breaking seaplanes and land trainers and fighters.
Qillwiri
Qillwiri (Aymara qillwa, qiwña, qiwlla Andean gull, -(i)ri a suffix, also spelled Khellhuiri) is a mountain in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Chile. On the Chilean side it is located in the Arica y Parinacota Region. It is situated in the Cordillera Occidental between the mountains Pukintika in the north-west and Lliscaya in the south-east, east of the Suriri salt flat. On the Bolivian side the mountain lies in the Oruro Department, Sabaya Province, Sabaya Municipality.

Arica y Parinacota Region
The Arica y Parinacota Region (Spanish: Región de Arica y Parinacota pronounced [aˈɾikaj paɾinaˈkota]) is the northernmost of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. It comprises two provinces, Arica and Parinacota. It borders Peru's Department of Tacna to the north, Bolivia's La Paz and Oruro departments to the east and Chile's Tarapacá Region to the south. Arica y Parinacota is the 5th smallest, the 3rd least populous and the 6th least densely populated of the regions of Chile. Arica is the region's capital and largest city.

The region was a former Peruvian department, which was occupied by Chile under the 1883 Treaty of Ancón at the close of the War of the Pacific, and then formally annexed in 1929 by the Treaty of Lima. Following annexation, Arica y Parinacota went through a process of forced acculturation known as Chilenization with the aim of creating a dominance of Chilean traditions and culture.
Dhale Governorate
Dhale (Arabic: الضالع Aḍ-Ḍāliʿ) is one of the Yemeni governorates that was created after the unification of Yemen. The  population of the province accounts for 2% of the total population of the republic. The governorate is divided into 9 districts. The city of Dhale is the administrative centre of the province. Dali is one of the governorates that is known for agriculture, and most of the population works in that industry. The most important agricultural crop is coffee. The province also contains mineral resources, most importantly talc, which is used in the manufacture of paper, paint, cosmetics and pesticides. This governorate is also home to the Damt hot-springs (Ḥamam-Damt), a popular tourist attraction. One of the ancient cities in the region is Juban, a city famous for its castle and the historic Mansuria school, built by the Tahrids. The climate in Dhale governorate is mostly temperate throughout the year.

Tahirid Sultanate
The Tahirid Sultanate or Tahirid dynasty (Arabic: بنو طاهر, romanized: Banū Ṭahir) were a Muslim dynasty that ruled Yemen from 1454 to 1517. They succeeded the Rasulid Dynasty and were themselves replaced by the Mamluks of Egypt after only 63 years in power.
Valkov
Valkov (Bulgarian: Вълков, Russian: Вальков) is a Slavic masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Valkova or Válková. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Valkov (born 1986), Russian football player

Diyan Valkov (born 1993),  Bulgarian football player

Gabriel Vulkov (born 1996), Bulgarian politician

Helena Válková (born 1951), Czech politician

Jitka Válková, Czech beauty pageant contestant

Katerina Valková (born 1996), Czech volleyball player

Konstantin Valkov (born 1971), Russian cosmonaut

Mario Valkov (born 1975),  American Police Officer/Detective President of the Bulgarian-American Police Association www.bapa-police.com

Stanimir Dimov-Valkov (born 1978), Bulgarian football player

Vasily Valkov (1904–1972), Soviet ambassador

Zuzana Valkova (born 1989), Czech group rhythmic gymnast

Egor Valkov (born 1996), Kickboxer

Gabriel Valkov
Gabriel Georgiev Valkov (Bulgarian: Габриел Георгиев Вълков; born 15 December 1996) is a Bulgarian politician serving as a member of the National Assembly since 2024. He has been a member of the Bulgarian Socialist Party since 2015, and has served as leader of its youth wing since 2022.
Left-conservatism
Left-conservatism is a political ideology that combines left-wing economic stances with social conservatism. The ideology is sometimes referred to as socialist conservatism, though these terms are not necessarily identical in meaning.

Often manifesting itself in Old Left–inspired Marxist parties, left-conservatism places a greater emphasis on collectivism and class struggle while rejecting left-wing cultural issues and identity politics. Some left-conservatives view class struggle as having evolved into a struggle between civilizations. Supporters of the ideology uphold Marxian economics, socialist economics or Keynesianism and generally hold negative views on the New Left, intersectionality, abortion, drugs, bourgeois feminism, LGBT rights, environmentalism, immigration, and the abolition of capital punishment.

Opposition to immigration
Opposition to immigration is a political position that seeks to restrict or ban legal and illegal immigration. In the modern sense, immigration refers to the entry of people from one state or territory into another state or territory in which they are not citizens. Illegal immigration occurs when people immigrate to a country without having official permission to do so. Opposition to immigration ranges from calls for various immigration reforms, to proposals to completely restrict immigration, to calls for repatriation of existing immigrants.
Plektrum
Plektrum is the 19th studio album by Swedish singer-songwriter Tomas Ledin, released in June 2006. In November of the same year, the album was re-issued as a 2-CD-set with a bonus track on disc 1 as well as a full bonus disc, called Ledin Live 2006, featuring 14 tracks recorded during Ledin's summer tour 2006.

Svensktoppen
Svensktoppen (Swedish: [ˈsvɛ̂nːskˌtɔpːɛn]) is a weekly record chart airing on Sveriges Radio. Until January 2003, the songs had to be in the Swedish language. Svensktoppen has aired since 1962, except for the years 1982–1985. In the years leading up to the January 2003 change, the programme was strongly dominated by dansband music.

The first number-one hit song was "Midnattstango" performed by Swedish crooner Lars Lönndahl.

New rules on 17 January 2016 restricted the maximum length for a song to chart to one year.
Katherine Rotan Drinker
Katherine Rotan Drinker (January 12, 1888 – March 15, 1956) was an American physician, educator, and occupational hygiene expert with the Harvard School of Public Health. She was co-editor of the Journal of Industrial Hygiene. She and her husband, Cecil Kent Drinker, studied the industrial poisoning of the Radium Girls at the United States Radium Corporation which advanced the field of occupational hygiene and improved worker health.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school at Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. It was named after Hong Kong entrepreneur Chan Tseng-hsi in 2014 following a US$350 million donation, the largest in Harvard's history at the time.

The school grew out of the Harvard–MIT School for Health Officers, the country's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
History of the Jews in Laupheim
The history of the Jews in Laupheim began in the first half of the 18th century. Until the second half of the 19th century, the Jewish community in Laupheim, expanded continuously to become the largest of its kind in Württemberg. During this period, the Jewish community gradually assimilated to its Christian surroundings and its members prospered until the beginning of the Nazi-period in 1933. With the deportation of the last remaining Jews in 1942, more than 200 years of Jewish history in Laupheim forcibly came to an end.

Württemberg
Württemberg (/ˈwɜːrtəmbɜːrɡ, ˈvɜːrt-/ WURT-əm-burg, VURT-; German: [ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.

Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württemberg now forms the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg. Württemberg was formerly also spelled Würtemberg and Wirtemberg.
Austrian social scientists in exile (1933–1945)
With the rise of National Socialism (National Socialism, Nazism) numerous artists, scientists and writers fled to other lands.  Among them were many Austrian social scientists.  Often they left because of their ancestry and frequently because of their political views. More than 350 names of social scientists (and sometimes their pseudonyms) are listed on the database at the University of Graz, Austria.  A number of names are well known in America or Great Britain because it was there that they built new lives.  The list is by no means complete and is based on the sole fact that each writer published at least one book or a number of journal articles.

Included among Austrian social scientists in exile are Alfred Adler, Otto Bauer, Peter Blau, Berger, Bruno Bettelheim, Rudolf Carnap, Deutsch, Peter Drucker, Erik Erikson, Hugo O. Engelmann, Sigmund Freud, Heider, Keller, Arthur Koestler, Lukács, Karl Mannheim, Karl Polanyi, Pollard, Karl Popper, Possony, Schumpeter, Tietze, and Ullmann.

Erik Erikson
Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was a German-American child psychoanalyst and visual artist known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. He coined the phrase identity crisis.

Despite lacking a university degree, Erikson served as a professor at prominent institutions, including Harvard, University of California, Berkeley, and Yale. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Erikson as the 12th most eminent psychologist of the 20th century.
Bretonneau Hospital (Tours)
Bretonneau Hospital is a public healthcare facility in the department of Indre-et-Loire, France. It is the oldest component of the Tours University Hospital Center (CHRU). Two of its buildings were designated as Monuments historiques on October 21, 1992.

Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃.dʁ‿e.lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in west-central France named after the Indre River and Loire River. In 2019, it had a population of 610,079. Sometimes referred to as Touraine, the name of the historic region, it is nowadays part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Its prefecture is Tours and subprefectures are Chinon and Loches. Indre-et-Loire is a touristic destination for its numerous monuments that are part of the Châteaux of the Loire Valley.
Electrical contractor
An electrical contractor is a business person or firm that performs specialized construction work related to the design, installation, and maintenance of electrical systems.
An electrical contractor is different from an electrician; an electrician is an individual tradesman and an electrical contractor is a business person or company that employs electricians. Both usually hold licenses and insurances to properly and safely operate a business, protecting the employees and home owners/business owners from insurance liabilities. These requirements vary from state to state. Electricians may work for an electrical contractor, or directly for individuals or companies.

Tradesperson
A tradesperson or tradesman/tradeswoman is a skilled worker that specialises in a particular craft or occupation. Tradespeople (tradesmen/women) usually gain their skills through work experience, on-the-job training, an apprenticeship program or formal education, or some mix of these methods.

As opposed to a master craftsman or an artisan, a tradesperson (tradesman/tradeswoman) is not necessarily restricted to manual work.
Joanna Mucha
Joanna Mucha (born 12 April 1976) is a Polish liberal politician, economist, member of the Polish Sejm, academic teacher, doctor of economics She served as Minister of Sport and Tourism from 2011 to 2013 in the Second Cabinet of Donald Tusk. She also served as 
Deputy Minister of National Education from 2023 to 2025. in the Third Cabinet of Donald Tusk. In 2001 she graduated from the University of Warsaw.

Second cabinet of Donald Tusk
The Second Cabinet of Donald Tusk was the government of Poland from 18 November 2011 to 22 September 2014, sitting in the Council of Ministers during the 7th legislature of the Sejm and the 8th legislature of the Senate. It was appointed by President Bronisław Komorowski on 18 November 2011, and passed the vote of confidence in Sejm on 19 November 2011. Led by Donald Tusk, it is a centre-right coalition of two parties: Tusk's liberal conservative Civic Platform (PO) and the agrarian Polish People's Party (PSL). By law, all vacant ministries will be led by a Deputy Prime Minister in an acting position.
Depend (undergarment)
Depend is a Kimberly-Clark brand of absorbent, disposable undergarments for people with urinary or fecal incontinence. It positions its products as an alternative to typical adult diapers. Depend is the dominant brand of disposable incontinence garments in the United States with a 49.4 share of the market.

Adult diaper
An adult diaper (or adult nappy in Australian English, British English, and Hiberno-English) is a diaper made to be worn by a person with a body larger than that of an infant or toddler. Diapers can be necessary for adults with various conditions, such as incontinence, mobility impairment, severe diarrhea or dementia. Adult diapers are made in various forms, including those resembling traditional child diapers, underpants, and pads resembling sanitary napkins (known as incontinence pads). Superabsorbent polymer is primarily used to absorb bodily wastes and liquids.

Alternative terms such as "briefs", "incontinence briefs", or "incontinence products" are also used.
Ernst-Reinhard Beck
Ernst-Reinhard Beck (born 31 August 1945 in Stetten am kalten Markt, Baden-Württemberg) is a German politician and member of the conservative CDU.

A secondary school teacher by profession and former principal, Beck was a directly elected member of the Bundestag between 2002 and 2013, serving for the electoral district of Reutlingen.

Beck was spokesman on defense policy for the fraction of the Christian Democrats and chairman of the curators of the Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung.

Beck holds the rank of Colonel (retired) in the Army Reserves of the Bundeswehr. 
He has been president of the Verband der Reservisten der Deutschen Bundeswehr (German Reservist's Association) from 2003 until 2009. 
Beck is married since 1971. His brother Michael Beck is the mayor of Tuttlingen.

Oberst
Oberst (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐst] ⓘ) is a senior field officer rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and Norway. The Swedish rank överste is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank eversti and the Icelandic rank ofursti.
Halldis Neegaard Østbye
Halldis Neegaard Østbye, née Halldis Neegaard (23 May 1896 – 13 Oct 1983) was a Norwegian anti-Semite and national socialist. She was born in Stor-Elvdal Municipality. During World War II, she was known as a prominent member of the fascist Nasjonal Samling party, and was referred to as "Norway's most fanatical naziwoman" by Arne Skouen. Aside from her political activity, she is remembered as the first chairman of the Lady's Ski club, and was thus very important for the women's ski sport development in Norway.

Nasjonal Samling
The Nasjonal Samling (Norwegian: [nɑʂʊˈnɑːɫ ˈsɑ̂mlɪŋ], NS; lit. 'National Gathering') was a Norwegian far-right political party active from 1933 to 1945. It was the only legal party of Norway from 1942 to 1945. It was founded by former Minister of Defence Vidkun Quisling and a group of supporters such as Johan Bernhard Hjort – who led the party's paramilitary wing (Hirden) for a short time before leaving the party in 1937 after various internal conflicts. The party celebrated its founding on 17 May, Norway's national holiday, but was founded on 13 May 1933. Nasjonal Samling was made illegal and disbanded at the end of World War II in Europe, on 8 May 1945.
1975 Coliseum Mall International – Doubles
The 1975 Coliseum Mall International – Doubles was an event of the 1975 Coliseum Mall International men's tennis tournament that was played at the Hampton Roads Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia in the United States from March 10 through March 16, 1975. The draw comprised 16 teams of which four were seeded. Željko Franulović and Nikola Pilić were the defending doubles champions but did not compete in this edition. Unseeded Ian Crookenden and Ian Fletcher won the doubles title, defeating unseeded Karl Meiler and Jan Písecký in the final, 6–2, 6–7(3–5), 6–4.

Nikola Pilić
Nikola Pilić (27 August 1939 – 23 September 2025) was a Croatian professional tennis player who competed for SFR Yugoslavia. He was the coach of the Croatian, West German and Serbian national tennis teams, with whom he won several Davis Cup titles. He participated in the founding of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the professionalization of tennis.

Pilić was one of the Handsome Eight. Pilić was ranked world No. 6 in January 1968 and world No. 7 for 1967 by Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph.
Burial (Burial album)
Burial is the debut studio album by British electronic musician Burial, released on 15 May 2006 by Kode9's Hyperdub label. Considered a landmark of the mid-2000s dubstep scene, the album's sound features a dark, emotive take on the UK rave music that preoccupied Burial in his youth, including UK garage and 2-step. Critics have variously interpreted the release as an elegy for the dissipated rave movement and a sullen audio portrait of London.

Burial received critical acclaim, with The Wire magazine naming it the record of the year in its annual critics' poll. It was also ranked the year's fifth best album by Mixmag and sixth by The Guardian. It has been ranked among the best albums of the decade by Fact and Resident Advisor, and in 2013 it was ranked number 391 on NME's "500 Greatest Albums of All Time".

Sizzla
Miguel Orlando Collins (born 17 April 1976), known by his stage name Sizzla Kalonji or Sizzla, is a Jamaican reggae musician. He is one of the most commercially and critically successful contemporary reggae artists and is noted for his high number of releases. As of 2018 he has released 56 solo albums.
Lgov constituency
The Lgov constituency (No.98) was a Russian legislative constituency in Kursk Oblast in 1993–2007. It covered western and central Kursk Oblast. The seat was last occupied by United Russia deputy Aleksey Volkov, militsiya major general and former Kursk Oblast MVD Division chief, who defeated one-term incumbent State Duma member Aleksandr Chetverikov in the 2003 election.

The constituency was dissolved in 2007 when State Duma adopted full proportional representation for the next two electoral cycles. Lgov constituency was not re-established for the 2016 election, currently most of former Lgov constituency is part of Kursk constituency.

Militsiya
The militsiya was the police force of the Russian SFSR and Soviet Union from 1917 to 1991. The term was likewise used for police forces in several Eastern Bloc countries and in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992.

The term militsiya continues to be used in common and sometimes official usage in some of the individual post-Soviet states, such as Belarus, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as in the partially recognised or unrecognised republics of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria. In Russian law enforcement, the term remained in official usage until the police reform of 2011.
Budanje
Budanje (pronounced [buˈdaːnjɛ];  German: Budaine; Italian: Budagne) is a settlement in the upper Vipava Valley in the Municipality of Ajdovščina in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. It is now generally regarded as part of the Slovenian Littoral. It includes the hamlets of Avžlak, Brith, Kodelska Vas, Žgavska Vas, Krašnovska Vas, Severska Vas, Kranjčevska Vas, Pirčevska Vas, Grapa, Žaga, Perovce, Šumljak, and Log.

Vipava Valley
The Vipava Valley (pronounced [ʋiˈpaːʋa]; Slovene: Vipavska dolina, German: Wippachtal, Italian: Valle del Vipacco) is a valley in the Slovenian Littoral, roughly between the village of Podnanos to the east and the border with Italy to the west. The main towns are Ajdovščina and Vipava.
Great Mosque of Maarat al-Numan
The Great Mosque of Maarat al-Numan (Arabic: جَامِع مَعَرَّة ٱلنُّعْمَان ٱلْكَبِير, romanized: Jāmiʿ Maʿarrat an-Nuʿmān al-Kabīr) is a 12th-century Ayyubid-era mosque in the city of Maarat al-Numan, located between Hama and Aleppo in Syria.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Nesiotinus
Nesiotinus is a genus of lice belonging to the family Philopteridae. The genus was first described in 1903 by Vernon Lyman Kellogg, and the type species is Nesiotinus demersus.

The species of this genus are found infesting King Penguins.

Vernon Lyman Kellogg
Vernon Lyman Kellogg (December 1, 1867 – August 8, 1937) was an American entomologist, evolutionary biologist, and science administrator. A major contribution was his study of bird lice and their hosts. He established the Department of Zoology at Stanford University in 1894, and served as the first permanent secretary of the National Research Council in Washington, D.C.

Kellogg was an elected member of both the American Philosophical Society and the United States National Academy of Sciences.