hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Algebra Project
The Algebra Project is a national U.S. mathematics literacy program aimed at helping low-income students and students of color achieve the mathematical skills in high school that are a prerequisite for a college preparatory mathematics sequence. Founded by Civil Rights activist and Math educator Bob Moses in the 1980s, the Algebra Project provides curricular materials, teacher training, and professional development support and community involvement activities for schools to improve mathematics education.

By 2001, the Algebra Project had trained approximately 300 teachers and was reaching 10,000 students in 28 locations in 10 states.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
William Whitfield II
William Whitfield II (May 20, 1715 in Chowan County, North Carolina – March 31, 1795 in Bertie County, North Carolina) was a Captain of the 6th Virginia Regiment during the American Revolutionary War and a planter. He purchased Seven Springs, North Carolina from Buckskin Williams, the father of Benjamin Williams, the Governor of North Carolina.

Bertie County, North Carolina
Bertie County (/ˈbɜːrˈtiː/ BUR-TEE) is a county located in the northeast area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,934. Its county seat is Windsor. The county was created in 1722 as Bertie Precinct and gained county status in 1739.
Honnō-ji Incident
The Honnō-ji Incident (本能寺の変, Honnō-ji no Hen) was the assassination of Japanese daimyo Oda Nobunaga at Honnō-ji, a temple in Kyoto, on 21 June 1582 (2nd day of the sixth month, Tenshō 10). Nobunaga was on the verge of unifying the country, but died in the unexpected rebellion of his vassal Akechi Mitsuhide.

Nobunaga only had a few guards and retainers with him when he was attacked, ending his Sengoku period campaign to unify Japan under his power.
Nobunaga's death was avenged two weeks later when his retainer Toyotomi Hideyoshi defeated Mitsuhide in the Battle of Yamazaki, paving the way for Hideyoshi to complete the unification of Japan.

Mitsuhide's motive for assassinating Nobunaga is unknown, though there are multiple theories for his betrayal.

Renga
Renga (連歌, linked poem) is a genre of Japanese collaborative poetry in which alternating stanzas, or ku (句), of 5-7-5 and 7-7 morae (sound units or syllables per line) are linked in succession by multiple poets. Known as tsukuba no michi (筑波の道 The Way of Tsukuba) after the famous Tsukuba Mountain in the Kantō region, the form of poetry is said to have originated in a two-verse poetry exchange by Yamato Takeru and later gave birth to the genres haikai (俳諧) and haiku (俳句).

The genre was elevated to a literary art by Nijō Yoshimoto (二条良基, 1320–1388), who compiled the first imperial renga anthology Tsukubashū (菟玖波集) in 1356. The most famous renga master was Sōgi (宗祇, 1421–1502), and Matsuo Bashō (松尾芭蕉, 1644–1694) after him became the most famous haikai master. Renga sequences were typically composed live during gatherings of poets, transcribed oral sessions known as rengakai (連歌会), but could also be composed by single poets as mainly textual works.
Pigeon Hill Bay
Pigeon Hill Bay is a bay in Washington County, Maine.

Divided between the towns of Milbridge and Steuben, it is separated from the Gulf of Maine to the east by Bois Bubert Island and from Dyer Bay to the west by Petit Manan Point.
The bay extends roughly 6 mi. (10 km) and is 1 mi. (2 km) at its widest.

Milbridge, Maine
Milbridge is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States at the mouth of the Narraguagus River. The population was 1,375 at the 2020 census. The town was incorporated in 1848. It contains the villages of Milbridge and Wyman.
Marko Vujic
Marco Vujic (born 21 February 1984) is an Austrian former professional footballer who played as a striker. Born in Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vujic played for LASK, FC Blau-Weiß Linz, KV Mechelen, SV Pasching, SC Schwanenstadt, Red Bull Salzburg, Austria Salzburg and Union Mondsee. He played for Red Bull Salzburg Juniors for three years, making 68 appearances and scoring 30 goals. On 31 July 2009, he signed for two years with Greek team Egaleo F.C. in Beta Ethniki. He signed for Austria Salzburg for the 2010–11 season.

SV Austria Salzburg
SV Austria Salzburg is an Austrian professional football club based in the city of Salzburg. The club was formed in 2005 by some supporters of the original SV (Austria) Salzburg after it was renamed FC Red Bull Salzburg by its new owners, who also changed the club's colours from its traditional violet and white to red and white.

The club started participation in the seventh tier of Austria's national league system in 2006, then rose through four successive championships to the third tier, Regionalliga West, in 2010. In 2015, the club gained promotion to the Erste Liga, one tier below the Austrian Bundesliga, only to be relegated a year later. Austria currently competes in Austrian Second League in the 2025–2026 season, after promotion from Austrian Regionalliga in 2024–25.
Joe Kotys
Joseph Kotys (October 31, 1925 – August 21, 2012) was an American artistic gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and won a team gold medal and three individual medals at the 1955 Pan American Games. At the 1948 Summer Olympics, he placed seventh with the team and had his best individual result of twenty-third place on pommel horse.

Pommel horse
The pommel horse, also known as vaulting horse, or "hobble horse" is an artistic gymnastics apparatus. Traditionally, it is used by only male gymnasts. Originally made of a metal frame with a wooden body and a leather cover, the modern pommel horse has a metal body covered with foam rubber and leather, with plastic pommels (handles). A similar apparatus designed for physical education lessons is called a vaulting buck.
Jeremy Morris
Jeremy Nigel Morris (born 22 January 1960) is a British historian, Church of England priest and academic. He specialises in church history. From 2014 to 2021, he was Master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Previously, he was Dean of Trinity Hall from 2001 to 2010, and Dean of the Chapel of King's College, Cambridge from 2010 to 2014.

Church history
Church history or ecclesiastical history as an academic discipline studies the history of Christianity and the way the Christian Church has developed since its inception.

Henry Melvill Gwatkin defined church history as "the spiritual side of the history of civilized people ever since our Master's coming". A. M. Renwick, however, defines it as an account of the Church's success and failure in carrying out Christ's Great Commission. Renwick suggests a fourfold division of church history into missionary activity, church organization, doctrine and "the effect on human life".

Church history is often, but not always, studied from a Christian perspective. Writers from different Christian traditions will often highlight people and events particularly relevant to their own denominational history. Catholic and Orthodox writers often highlight the achievements of the ecumenical councils, while evangelical historians may focus on the Protestant Reformation and the Great Awakenings.
Diacrisia purpurata
Diacrisia purpurata, the purple tiger, is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is found in Europe, Anatolia, Syria, Transcaucasus, Central Asia (mainly in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan), southern Siberia, Mongolia, Amur Region, northern China, Korea and Japan (Honshu).

The length of the forewings is 18–22 mm for males and 22–25 mm for females. The moth flies June to August depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Calluna and sometimes other herbaceous plants and deciduous trees.

The species of the genus Rhyparia, including this one, were moved to Diacrisia as a result of phylogenetic research published by Rönkä et al. in 2016.

Calluna
Calluna vulgaris, common heather, ling, or simply heather, is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the flowering plant family Ericaceae. It is a low-growing evergreen shrub growing to 20 to 50 centimetres (8 to 20 in) tall, or rarely to 1 metre (40 in) and taller, and is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on acidic soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade.

It is the dominant plant in most heathland and moorland in Europe, and in some bog vegetation and acidic pine and oak woodland.  It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning, and is often managed in nature reserves and grouse moors by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning.
Discharge petition
In United States parliamentary procedure, a discharge petition is a means of bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from the committee by "discharging" the committee from further consideration of a bill or resolution.

Discharge petitions are most often associated with the U.S. House of Representatives, though many state legislatures in the United States have similar procedures. There, discharge petitions are used when the chair of a committee refuses to place a bill or resolution on the committee's agenda: by never reporting a bill, the matter will never leave the committee, and the full House will not be able to consider it. The discharge petition, and the threat of one, gives more power to individual members of the House and removes a small amount of power from the leadership and committee chairs. In the U.S. House, successful discharge petitions are rare, as the signatures of an absolute majority of House members are required.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
2016 Democratic Republic of the Congo gubernatorial elections
Gubernatorial elections took place in 20 out of the 21 new provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo on 26 March 2016 (in Sud-Ubangi the election did not occur until April 1, while in Nord-Ubangi a second round had to be held as no candidate received the majority). The elections were the first to take place since the 2015 repartitioning which saw the 6 largest provinces of 11 split into 21 new ones to form in total the 26 provinces  mandated by the DRC constitution. In most of the provinces, the elected governors are members or affiliates of the Alliance of the Presidential Majority.

Initially, the Constitutional Court ruled that President Joseph Kabila could appointed interim governors. They went on to organize elections in their regions. The Congolese opposition largely boycotted the elections or were excluded from them.

Governors are elected by provincial assemblies.

Nord-Ubangi
Nord-Ubangi (French for "North Ubangi") is one of the 21 newest provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. Nord-Ubangi, Équateur, Mongala, Sud-Ubangi, and Tshuapa provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Équateur province.

The province is located in the northwestern part of the country on the Ubangi River and was formed from the Nord-Ubangi district and the independently administered city of Gbadolite which became the capital of the new province.
Achabal Gardens
Achabal Gardens, "the places of the princes", is a small Mughal garden located at the southeastern end of the Kashmir Valley in the town of Achabal, Anantnag district, India. The town is located near the Himalayan Mountains.

Kashmir Valley
The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern part of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is surrounded by the ranges of the Himalayas, bounded on the southwest by the Pir Panjal Range and on the northeast by the Greater Himalayan Range. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, and drained by the Jhelum River. It falls entirely within the Kashmir Division of Jammu and Kashmir.
Thaer Krouma
Thaer Sami Krouma (Arabic: ثائر كروما; born 2 February 1990) is a Syrian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or defensive midfielder for Syrian Premier League club Al-Karamah and the Syria national team.

Syrian Premier League
Prime Premier League (Arabic: دوري برايم للمحترفين), formerly known as the Syrian Premier League, is a professional association football league in Syria and the top division of the Syrian football league system. The league comprises 16 teams and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Syrian League 1st Division. The league was founded in 1966 and, as of 2025, operates under a new name and branding as part of a wider restructuring and modernization process.

The first team to win the title was Al-Ittihad Ahli in 1967, whilst Al-Jaish has the record with 17 league titles. Their closest rivals, Al-Karamah, have won the league 8 times.

In the beginning, the main tournament was the first division, then the Syrian Football Association developed the competition in a historic step that allowed the participation of foreign players to turn the competition into a professional league.
Wuxu, Nanning
Wuxu (simplified Chinese: 吴圩; traditional Chinese: 吳圩; pinyin: Wúxū) is a town in Jiangnan District, Nanning, Guangxi. It is best known for the Nanning Wuxu International Airport which is located within the town's limits. As of 2020, it administers the following three residential communities and ten villages:

Wuxu Community

Mingyang Community (明阳社区)

Minghong Community (明弘社区)

Pingdong Village (平垌村)

Pingdan Village (平丹村)

Nade Village (那德村)

Dingning Village (定宁村)

Kangning Village (康宁村)

Xiangning Village (祥宁村)

Yonghong Village (永红村)

Tanbai Village (坛白村)

Nabei Village (那备村)

Xinqiao Village (新桥村)

Nanning Wuxu International Airport
Nanning Wuxu International Airport (IATA: NNG, ICAO: ZGNN) is an international airport serving Nanning, the capital of South Central China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is located 32 km (20 mi) southwest of the centre of the city. The airport was built in 1962, with improvements made in 1990. Terminal 2, with an area measuring 189,000 m2 (2,030,000 sq ft), opened on 25 September 2014. It is designed to handle 16 million passengers annually. The number of passengers reached 1 million in 2002, and jumped to 2 million by 2006. In 2016, 11.56 million passengers used the airport.
Gumie
Gumie (Chinese: 姑蔑; pinyin: Gūmiè) was a small state during the Zhou dynasty and Spring and Autumn period (722–479 BCE) running from southwest of Yue, in China's modern day southwestern Zhejiang province, around the cities of Jinhua and Quzhou, to Yushan in northern Jiangxi Province. It is believed to be a remnant polity of the Dongyi people who populated much of Eastern China. It was conquered by King Goujian of Yue during the height of Yue expansionism, after which the area fell under Chu control after the fall of Yue to Chu. Eventually, the area was conquered by Qin after the conquest of Chu by Qin. Its ruling clan is believed to have been the same as that of Xu, that of Ying (嬴).

Yushan County
Yushan (Chinese: 玉山; pinyin: Yùshān; lit. 'Jade Mountain') is a county in the northeast of Jiangxi province, China. The county is Jiangxi's gateway to bordering Zhejiang province. It covers 1,731 km2 (668 sq mi) and the population now reaches 560,000.

The climate is temperate there with abundant rainfall in the monsoon season, and has clearly differentiated summers and winters.
L'Illustration Européenne
L'Illustration Européenne (French pronunciation: [lilystʁasjɔ̃ øʁɔpeɛn]; 1870 – 1914) was a Belgian illustrated weekly newspaper providing general news, serialised fiction, historical anecdotes, short biographies of famous figures, and travel writing. The illustrations (portraits, views, and so forth) that accompanied the stories were the paper's main selling point. The first manager and editor was Théo Spée.

In 1885, L'Illustration Européenne became the first Belgian periodical to print a halftone photograph.

The owners of the Parisian illustrated weekly L'Illustration attempted to sue the owners of L'Illustration Européenne for unfair competition in having given their publication a misleadingly similar name. They were unsuccessful in the Belgian courts, but in 1888 did get the French courts to ban the sale of the Belgian weekly in France.

L'Illustration
L'Illustration (French pronunciation: [lilystʁasjɔ̃]; 1843–1944) was a French illustrated weekly newspaper published in Paris. It was founded by Édouard Charton with the first issue published on 4 March 1843, it became the first illustrated newspaper in France then, after 1906, the first international illustrated magazine; distributed in 150 countries.
Deutsche Orientbank
The Deutsche Orientbank (DOB, lit. 'German Bank of the Orient') was a German bank, founded in 1905-1906 in Berlin and merged into Dresdner Bank in 1931-1932. It was originally intended for financing ventures in the Ottoman Empire and the Khedivate of Egypt.

In mid-1914 the Orientbank absorbed the Levantine network of Deutsche Palästina-Bank, established in the late 19th century as an earlier endeavor to develop German economic influence in the Ottoman Empire.

Sirkeci
Sirkeci (pronounced [ˈsiɾkedʒi]) is a neighborhood in the Eminönü quarter of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. In the Byzantine period, the area was known as Prosphorion (Ancient Greek: Προσφόριον).

The neighborhood borders to the north the mouth of the Golden Horn, to the west the neighborhood of Bahçekapı, to the east the Topkapı Palace area, and to the south the Cağaloğlu neighborhood. It hosts the Sirkeci railway station, the easternmost terminus of the Orient Express, a historic long-distance passenger train service in Europe that operated between Paris and Istanbul in the period between 1883 and 2009.

The neighborhood consists mostly of commercial and tourist-oriented buildings. A combination of small shops, hans (larger workshops) and offices intermingle with boutique hotels, traditional Turkish restaurants, Turkish and foreign-language bookstores, and tourist offices.
Eutelsat 31A
Eutelsat 31A, formerly e-Bird, Eurobird 3 and Eutelsat 33A, is a communications satellite that offers capacity for broadband and broadcast services in Europe. Owned by Eutelsat, it was launched on 27 September 2003 at 23:14:46 UTC.

Positioned at 31° East - having been relocated from 33° East in May 2014 - Eutelsat 31A is optimised for interactive broadband services, and also valued by broadcasters for occasional use and professional video services, and data networks like Estar by Technologie Satelitarne service.

Its 20 Ku band transponders are connected to four spot beams over Europe and Turkey. These four beams overlap to allow hubs located in the hot spots of each beam to communicate with each other, thus ensuring highly effective pan-European coverage.

33rd meridian east
The meridian 33° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Turkey, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 33rd meridian east forms a great circle with the 147th meridian west.
Ichirō Itano
Ichirō Itano (板野 一郎, Itano Ichirō; born March 11, 1959 in Yokohama, Kanagawa) is a Japanese animator, director, and producer. He has worked in a number of  science fiction anime series, especially mecha-themed ones. He created several original video animations including Angel Cop, and Battle Royal High School. He directed on Megazone 23. He also directed on a number of episodes and films related to Macross.  He also directed Gantz, and worked on series composition and direction for Blassreiter.

Publicizing Blassreiter in 2008, He belongs to Graphinica, Inc. that the CG team was independent from GONZO. He teaches younger generation as an adviser in the company.
 Since retiring a studio of Crusher Joe and joined Macross, he lost touch with Yoshikazu Yasuhiko, his instructor. However, they reunited again after nearly 30 years in a project relating to artbooks of Gundam, and have worked together on production of Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin.

Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin
Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin (Japanese: 機動戦士ガンダム THE ORIGIN, Hepburn: Kidō Senshi Gandamu Ji Orijin) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshikazu Yasuhiko. It is a retelling of the story from the 1979 anime television series Mobile Suit Gundam, of which Yasuhiko was the original character designer.

An original video animation adaptation of the manga, focusing on the stories of Casval Rem Deikun (more famously known as Char Aznable) and his sister Artesia (aka Sayla Mass), produced by Sunrise was released between 2015 and 2018 in six parts. Yasuhiko was the chief director of the adaptation, with Sunrise veteran Takashi Imanishi as director, and Katsuyuki Sumisawa as the scriptwriter. A 13-episode anime television recompilation of the OVAs aired on NHK General TV in 2019.
Zdunowice Małe
Zdunowice Małe [zdunɔˈvit͡sɛ ˈmawɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sulęczyno, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kartuzy County
Kartuzy County (Polish: powiat kartuski; Kashubian: kartësczi pòwiat) is a county in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with administrative seat and largest town being Kartuzy.

It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other town in the county is Żukowo. The county covers an area of 1,120.04 square kilometres (432.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 137,942, out of which the population of Kartuzy is 14,536, that of Żukowo is 6,691, and the rural population is 116,715.

Kartuzy County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kartuzy County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the north, the city of Gdynia to the north-east, the city of Gdańsk and Gdańsk County to the east, Kościerzyna County to the south, Bytów County to the west, and Lębork County to the north-west.
Battle of Bamba
On April 6, 2020, jihadist militants from the al-Qaeda linked Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM) attacked a secluded Malian military base in Bamba, killing dozens of Malian soldiers. A raid in retribution the following day killed JNIM leader Abu Yahya al-Jizari.

Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin
Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (Arabic: جماعة نصرة الإسلام والمسلمين, JNIM; French: Groupe de soutien à l'islam et aux musulmans, GSIM; lit. 'Support Group for Islam and Muslims') is a Salafi Jihadist organisation in the Maghreb and West Africa formed by the merger of Ansar Dine, al-Mourabitoun and the Saharan branch of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (a militant wing of Al-Qaeda). Its leaders swore allegiance to Ayman al-Zawahiri.

In the early 2020s, JNIM was reported to be the fastest-growing  militant organization in the world. As of 2025, it is considered the most heavily armed militant group in the Sahel and one of the most powerful globally. The group operates a decentralized proto-state model in areas under its control, enforcing a strict interpretation of Islamic law and collecting taxes. Its influence is presently expanding southward into coastal West African countries, including Benin and Togo.