hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Accordion cut
An accordion cut is a technique in butchery, similar to butterflying, in which a thick piece of meat is extended into a thin one with a larger surface area. A series of parallel cuts are made from alternating sides of a roast almost all the way through, creating "hinges" which allow the meat to unfold into a long, flat piece. The technique allows faster cook time and increases the surface area of the meat.

This technique is often used in conjunction with pounding with a meat mallet to further thin and even out the cut.

A similar technique is also seen in accordion potatoes (also known as Hasselback potatoes), where the potatoes are sliced across the surface to create a larger surface area.

Hasselback potatoes
Hasselback potatoes or Potato à la Hasselbacken (Swedish: hasselbackspotatis) are baked potatoes cut about halfway through into thin, fan-like slices. Hasselbacking is done to a fruit or vegetable to create artful-looking food while adding more flavor. This creates a crispy outside while allowing the flavors to penetrate the potato, leaving the inside fluffy. They can be served as a main course, a side dish, or canapé. Various toppings, such as caraway seeds, paprika, cheese, bacon, and breadcrumbs, can be added for extra flavor. Some recipes call for stuffing the toppings between the slices, while others are added closer to the end of the baking process.
Bear River, Minnesota
Bear River is an unincorporated community in Itasca and Saint Louis counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

Bear River is at the intersection of County Road 22 and County Road 916 (Saint Louis–Itasca Judicial Road), 24 miles west of Cook and 31 miles east of Effie. It is partly in Morcom Township in Saint Louis County, and partly in Bearville Township in Itasca County.

The Bear River, a tributary of the Sturgeon River, flows through the community.

Saint Louis County Highway 5 and Minnesota State Highway 65 are both nearby, as are the communities of Togo, Celina, and Side Lake.

Bear River is the home town of the Minnesota Twins mascot TC Bear.

T.C. Bear
T.C. Bear, or simply T.C., is the costumed character mascot for the Minnesota Twins. Taking the form of an anthropomorphized American black bear, the furry mascot’s initials "T.C." stand for the Twin Cities—the metropolitan area of Minneapolis and Saint Paul—and match the interlocking letters on the team's primary cap insignia. T.C. makes appearances at the team’s home games at Target Field and at community events.
Les Horaces
Les Horaces (The Horatii) is an operatic tragédie lyrique by Antonio Salieri. The text was by Nicolas-François Guillard after Pierre Corneille's Horace.

The opera was commissioned by the Paris Opera after the success of Salieri's Les Danaïdes with the company.

Pierre Corneille
Pierre Corneille (/kɔːrˈneɪ/ kor-NAY, French: [pjɛʁ kɔʁnɛj]; 6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French tragedian. He is generally considered one of the three great 17th-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.

As a young man, he earned the valuable patronage of Cardinal Richelieu, who was trying to promote classical tragedy along formal lines, but later quarrelled with him, especially over his best-known play, Le Cid, about the medieval Spanish warrior, which was denounced by the newly formed Académie française for breaching the unities. He continued to write well-received tragedies for nearly forty years.
Neuchâtel Observatory
The Neuchâtel Observatory (French: Observatoire Cantonal de Neuchâtel) is an astronomical observatory funded by the Public Economy Department of the canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland. It is located in the city of Neuchâtel and was founded in 1858. The first director was the German born, Swiss astronomer Adolphe Hirsch.

Besides astronomical observations, the Neuchâtel observatory also works with atomic clocks. Before 1967, one second was defined by the rotation of the earth, and thus Neuchâtel observatory calibrated clocks via observations. Now its telescope is used in a historical fashion by local amateur astronomers, while the calibration is done via atomic clocks.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Grčarice
Grčarice (pronounced [ˈɡəɾtʃaɾitsɛ]; locally also Grčav(i)ce, in older sources also Gerčarice, German: Masern, Gottscheerish: Masharə) is a village in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Gottscheerish
Gottscheerish (Göttscheabarisch, German: Gottscheerisch, Slovene: kočevarščina) is an Upper German dialect which was the main language of communication among the Gottscheers in the enclave of Gottschee, Slovenia, before 1941. It is occasionally referred to as Granish or Granisch in the United States (< German Krainisch 'Carniolan'), a term also used for Slovene.
Order of Sikatuna
The Order of Sikatuna (Filipino: Orden ng Sikatuna) is the national order of diplomatic merit of the Republic of the Philippines. It is conferred upon individuals who have rendered exceptional and meritorious services to the Republic of the Philippines, upon diplomats, officials and nationals of foreign states who have rendered conspicuous services in fostering, developing and strengthening relations between their country and the Philippines, or upon personnel of the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), both in the Home Office and in the Foreign Service.

The Order of Sikatuna may be awarded by the Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the name and by authority of the President.

President of Italy
The  president of Italy, officially titled President of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente della Repubblica Italiana), is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Constitution. The president is the commander-in-chief of the Italian Armed Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary. The president serves a seven-year term, with no term limits. The incumbent president is former constitutional judge Sergio Mattarella, who was elected on 31 January 2015, and re-elected on 29 January 2022.
Sulfur assimilation
Sulfur assimilation is the process by which living organisms incorporate sulfur into their biological molecules. In plants, sulfate is absorbed by the roots and then transported to the chloroplasts by the transpiration stream where the sulfur are reduced to sulfide with the help of a series of enzymatic reactions. Furthermore, the reduced sulfur is incorporated into cysteine, an amino acid that is a precursor to many other sulfur-containing compounds. In animals, sulfur assimilation occurs primarily through the diet, as animals cannot produce sulfur-containing compounds directly. Sulfur is incorporated into amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, which are used to build proteins and other important molecules.

Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula SO42−. Salts, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in industry. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. Sulfates are salts of sulfuric acid and many are prepared from that acid.
Portrait of Manuel Godoy
Portrait of Manuel Godoy is a large 1801 oil-on-canvas painting by the Spanish artist Francisco de Goya, now in the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. It was commissioned by the Spanish Prime Minister Manuel Godoy to commemorate his victory in the brief War of the Oranges against Portugal.

Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando
The Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (RABASF; transl. 'Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando'), located on the Calle de Alcalá in the centre of Madrid, currently functions as a museum and gallery. A public law corporation, it is integrated together with other Spanish royal academies in the Instituto de España.
1970 Nigerien parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Niger on 22 October 1970. The country was a one-party state at the time, with the Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally as the sole legal party. It therefore won all 50 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was reported at 97.1%.

National Assembly (Niger)
The unicameral National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was Niger's elected legislative body. The National Assembly proposed laws and was required to approve all legislation.

It was suspended following the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état by the military junta. A new legislative body Transitional Advisory Council was appointed by the military junta in July 2025 for a period of five years.
Tora-san Takes a Vacation
Tora-san Takes a Vacation (男はつらいよ 寅次郎の休日, Otoko wa Tsurai yo: Torajirō no Kyūjitsu) is a 1990 Japanese comedy film directed by Yoji Yamada. It stars Kiyoshi Atsumi as Torajirō Kuruma (Tora-san), and Kumiko Goto as his nephew's love interest for "Madonna". Tora-san Takes a Vacation is the forty-third entry in the popular, long-running Otoko wa Tsurai yo series.

Hidetaka Yoshioka
Hidetaka Yoshioka (吉岡 秀隆; born on August 12, 1970) is a Japanese actor known for his performance in several movies as a child and the  TV drama Dr. Coto's Clinic. He played the part of Tora-san's nephew in the Otoko wa Tsurai yo film series, and he appeared in Akira Kurosawa's Rhapsody in August and Madadayo. He won two Japan Academy Awards Best Actor for Always: Sunset on Third Street and its sequel Always: Sunset on Third Street 2.
Eduardo Vernazza
Eduardo Vernazza (13 October 1910 – 26 May 1991) was a Uruguayan artist and art critic. Vernazza was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, to parents immigrated from Genoa, Italy. He was an illustrator and art critic for the Uruguayan newspaper El Día. UNESCO chose him to be a representative of the Art Critics of Uruguay.

Art critic
An art critic is a person who is specialized in analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating art. Their written critiques or reviews contribute to art criticism and they are published in newspapers, magazines, books, exhibition brochures, and catalogues and on websites. Some of today's art critics use art blogs and other online platforms in order to connect with a wider audience and expand debate.
Cleomella plocasperma
Cleomella plocasperma is a species of flowering plant in the cleome family known by the common name twisted cleomella and alkali stinkweed. It is native to the Great Basin and Mojave Desert in the western United States, where it grows mainly in wet, alkaline soils such as those around hot springs. There is a disjunct population in the Bruneau Valley of southwestern Idaho. It grows with other halophytic species such as saltgrass and greasewood. This is an annual herb producing a smooth, hairless stem which divides into several erect or upright branches which may exceed half a meter tall. The sparse leaves are each split into three narrow leaflets. The flowers occur in a raceme at the top of each stem branch. Each flower has four yellow petals and several long stamens which may be over a centimeter long. The fruit is a capsule with large lobes. It hangs at the tip of the remaining flower receptacle.

Distichlis spicata
Distichlis spicata is a species of grass known by several common names, including seashore saltgrass, inland saltgrass, and desert saltgrass. This grass is native to the Americas, where it is widespread. It can be found on other continents as well, where it is naturalized. It is extremely salt tolerant.
Shiners' War
The Shiners' Wars were violent outbreaks in Bytown (now Ottawa) from 1835 to 1845 between Irish-Catholic immigrants, led by Peter Aylen, and French Canadians, led by Joseph Montferrand.

The war began when Aylen, a major Irish timber operator, organized a group of Irishmen to attack other timber operations—this group was known as the "Shiners." The Shiners attacked French-Canadian timber rafts and the town's political institutions, as well as brawling with French Canadians on the streets.

In an attempt to control the violence, the citizens of Bytown created the Association of the Preservation of the Public Peace in Bytown, which included armed patrols; however, the violence continued. In the spring of 1837, the violence was brought under control after the government deployed troops to arrest the Shiners. Occasional violence still occurred until 1845 by groups claiming to be the Shiners.

Irish Catholics
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Americans, Canadians and Australians. In countries like the United States, Canada and Australia, many Catholics descend from Irish immigrants/migrants who passed down their faith.
Made in Heaven (song)
"Made in Heaven" is the third single recorded by Freddie Mercury, and his fourth release as a solo artist. Originally featured in Mercury's first solo album, Mr. Bad Guy, the song was modified and published as a 45 rpm single paired with "She Blows Hot and Cold", described on the record sleeve as 'A Brand New Track'. The single reached No. 57 on the UK Singles Chart.

After Mercury's death, the song's title gave the name to Queen's 1995 album Made in Heaven. The song was also chosen, along with "I Was Born to Love You", to be re-recorded for the album, with the previous vocals mixed into a newly recorded instrumental track.

Solo (music)
In music, a solo (Italian for 'alone') is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung featuring a single performer, who may be performing completely alone or supported by an accompanying instrument such as a piano or organ, a continuo group (in Baroque music), or the rest of a choir, orchestra, band, or other ensemble. Performing a solo is "to solo", and the performer is known as a soloist.

The plural is soli or the anglicised form solos. In some contexts these are interchangeable, but soli tends to be restricted to classical music, and mostly either the solo performers or the solo passages in a single piece. Furthermore, the word soli can be used to refer to a small number of simultaneous parts assigned to single players in an orchestral composition. In the Baroque concerto grosso, the term for such a group of soloists was concertino.

An instrumental solo is often used in popular music during a break or bridge to add interest and variety to a part of the song without lyrics.
Osage, West Virginia
Osage is an unincorporated community in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States.  It lies across the Monongahela River from Morgantown.

The community was named after the Osage Indians.

1946 Street scene in Osage

Monongahela River
The Monongahela River (/məˌnɒŋɡəˈhiːlə/ mə-NONG-gə-HEE-lə, /-ˈheɪ-/ -⁠HAY-), sometimes referred to locally as the Mon (/mɒn/), is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river on the Allegheny Plateau in north-central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania. The river flows from the confluence of its west and east forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable.
Viola libanotica
Viola libanotica is a species of flowering plant in the Violaceae family. It is referred to by the common name Lebanon violet and is an evergreen running herb. It is endemic to the cold heights of Lebanon.  The plant has dark green leaves and purple flowers.

Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola,  the violets and pansies.

Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, Viola, Rinorea and Hybanthus. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but Viola has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution.
Javier Salmerón
Javier Salmerón (1966/1967 – 6 February 2024) was a Spanish paralympic athlete who competed mainly in category C8 400 m events.

Salmerón competed in both the 1988 and 1992 Summer Paralympics as part of the Spanish athletics team.  At the 1988 games he finished eighth in the 100 m but won a bronze in the 800 m.  In the 1992 games he was unable to repeat this feat in the 800 m as he failed to make the final, he did however finish sixth in the 200 m, fourth in the 100 m and won a silver medal in the 400 m behind Canada's Frank Bruno who set a new world record, he was also part of the Spanish team that finished second in the 4 × 100 m behind the United States.

Salmerón died in Barcelona on 6 February 2024, at the age of 57.

1992 Summer Paralympics
The 1992 Summer Paralympics (Spanish: Juegos Paralímpicos de Verano de 1992; Catalan: Jocs Paralímpics d'estiu de 1992) were the ninth Paralympic Games to be held. They were held in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. In addition, the 1992 Paralympic Games for Persons with mental handicap were held immediately after the regular Paralympics in the Spanish capital, Madrid.
New Wine in Old Bottles
New Wine in Old Bottles is an album by saxophonist Jackie McLean with the Great Jazz Trio; pianist Hank Jones, bassist Ron Carter and drummer Tony Williams, recorded in 1978 for the Japanese East Wind label.

East Wind Records
East Wind was a Japanese jazz record label that was established in Tokyo in 1974.

A second record label named East Wind was established in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1984. The founders were David Barrick, Steve Boulay, Ted Everts, and Gerald A. Friedman. The label concentrated on Russian jazz.
Frank Irons
Francis Cleveland Irons (March 23, 1886 – June 19, 1942) was an American athlete who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics and in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Des Moines, Iowa and died in Palatine, Illinois.

Irons competed for the United States in the 1908 Games held in London, Great Britain in the long jump where he won the gold medal. In the standing high jump event, he finished eighth, and in the triple jump competition, he finished 16th. He also participated in the standing long jump contest, but his result is unknown.

Four years later, he finished ninth in the long jump competition at the 1912 Games. At this Olympics, he also competed in the exhibition baseball tournament.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's standing high jump
The men's standing high jump was one of six jumping events on the athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme in London. The competition was held on July 23, 1908. 23 high jumpers from eleven nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Ray Ewry of the United States, his third consecutive victory in the event. Ewry won all eight standing jump events from 1900 to 1908 as well as both events at the 1906 Intercalated Games. Konstantinos Tsiklitiras of Greece took silver, tying with American John Biller. Tsiklitiras was the first non-American to medal in the event; the United States had swept the medals in both 1900 and 1904.
Otis Francis (baseball)
Otis Wilber Francis (February 14, 1891 – May 5, 1940), nicknamed "Cat", was an American Negro league infielder between 1909 and 1920.

A native of Indianapolis, Indiana, Francis made his Negro leagues debut in 1909 for the Indianapolis ABCs. He played several seasons for Indianapolis, and also played for the Chicago Union Giants. Francis died in Indianapolis in 1940 at age 49.

Chicago Union Giants
Chicago Union Giants, were a Negro league baseball team that competed independently in Illinois and the surrounding states during the first half of the 20th century.

The team was originally formed in 1901 by Frank Leland via a merge of players from the Chicago Unions and the Chicago Columbia Giants. In 1904, W. S. Peters, the manager of the Chicago Unions and Leland's old teammate and business partner, organized a competing Union Giants team. Leland objected to Peters' use of the name and threatened to take the matter to the courts. Before the 1905 season however, Leland instead renamed his team the Leland Giants which allowed Peters to use the Union Giants name without opposition.

Starting with the 1905 season, W.S. Peters' team was known as Peters’ Union Giants but more often, were simply called the Chicago Union Giants. Peters, followed by his son, Frank Peters, kept the Chicago Union Giants going until the 1940s.
Moved by the Motion
Moved by the Motion is a group of interdisciplinary artists who work with a spectrum of mediums including language, movement, image, and sound.

The Moved by the Motion group started in 2013. Membership is fluid, beginning as two or three people and now around seven or eight. Wu Tsang is a member of the group, referring to the arrangement as similar to a band. Opening in January 2022, Moved by the Motion installed an experiential sound installation at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art that will remain up until June 2022. The members participating in the 2022 SFMOMA installation are: Asma Maroof, Tapiwa Svosve, Patrick Belaga, Fred Moten, Serpentwithfeet, Tosh Basco, Ahya Simone, Daniel Pineda, and David Quam. In 2022, it was announced that Moved by the Motion will participate in the 2022 Whitney Biennial curated by Adrienne Edwards and David Breslin.

Fred Moten
Fred Moten (born 1962) is an American cultural theorist, poet, and scholar whose work explores critical theory, black studies, and performance studies. Moten is Professor of Performance Studies at New York University and Distinguished Professor Emeritus at University of California, Riverside; he previously taught at Duke University, and the University of Iowa. His scholarly texts include The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning & Black Study which was co-authored with Stefano Harney, In the Break: The Aesthetics of the Black Radical Tradition, and The Universal Machine (Duke University Press, 2018). He has published numerous poetry collections, including The Little Edges, The Feel Trio, B Jenkins, and Hughson's Tavern. In 2020, Moten was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship for "[c]reating new conceptual spaces to accommodate emerging forms of Black aesthetics, cultural production, and social life."
Chav
"Chav" (/tʃæv/), also "charver", or "scally" in parts of England, is a British term, usually used in a pejorative way. The term is used to describe an anti-social lower-class youth dressed in sportswear. The term has been described as classist. Julie Burchill described the term as a form of "social racism". "Chavette" is a related term referring to female chavs, and the adjectives "chavvy", "chavvish", and "chavtastic" are used to describe things associated with chavs, such as fashion, slang, etc. In Australia, "eshay" or "adlay" has been described as a "try-hard chav".

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.