hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bemberg
Bemberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Miguens Bemberg (born 1949), Argentine businessman

Herman Bemberg (1859–1931), French musical composer

María Luisa Bemberg (1922–1995), pioneer feminist, film writer, director and actress born in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Otto Bemberg (1827–1896), German Argentine businessman prominent in the development of early Argentine industry

A trade name for cuprammonium rayon, owned by the J. P. Bemberg company.

María Luisa Bemberg
María Luisa Bemberg (April 14, 1922 – May 7, 1995) was an Argentine screenwriter, film director and actress. She was one of the first Argentine female directors with a powerful presence both in the filmmaking and the intellectual world of Latin America, particularly during her most active period, from 1970 to 1990.

In her work, she specialized in portraying famous Argentine women and the Argentine upper class. Bemberg also focused on feminism, with regard to the gender debate and cinematic gaze. Her vast legacy extends to the 21st Century, with Bemberg being hailed as arguably Argentina’s foremost female director.
Brömserburg
The Brömserburg (also called the Niederburg) is a castle located near the banks of the Rhine in the town of Rüdesheim am Rhein in Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the German state of Hesse. Its original structure was probably one of the first stone castles in the Rhine Gorge, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

German Castles Association
The German Castles Association (German: Deutsche Burgenvereinigung) or DBV is dedicated to the conservation of historic defensive and residential buildings as witnesses of history and culture and has its headquarters at Marksburg Castle above Braubach on the Rhine. It owns the organisation known as the European Castles Institute (Europäisches Burgeninstitut) or (EBI) whose library and archives are housed in Philippsburg Palace in Braubach.
Molybdenum cofactor deficiency
Molybdenum cofactor deficiency is a rare human disease in which the absence of molybdopterin – and consequently its molybdenum complex, commonly called molybdenum cofactor – leads to accumulation of toxic levels of sulphite and neurological damage. Usually this leads to death within months of birth, due to the lack of active sulfite oxidase. Furthermore, a mutational block in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis causes absence of enzyme activity of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase and aldehyde oxidase.

Aldehyde oxidase
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a metabolizing enzyme, located in the cytosolic compartment of tissues in many organisms. AO catalyzes the oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acid, and in addition, catalyzes the hydroxylation of some heterocycles. It can also catalyze the oxidation of both cytochrome P450 and monoamine oxidase (MAO) intermediate products. AO plays an important role in the metabolism of several drugs.
Autonomous Design Group
Autonomous Design Group (ADG) is an anonymous anti-capitalist, anti-authoritarian art collective founded in the United Kingdom in 2019. The group produces political artwork for posters and stickers as well as use online. The group publishes their work in an editable open-source format using a Creative Commons NonCommercial license.

Creative Commons NonCommercial license
A Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC NC, CC BY-NC or NC license) is a Creative Commons license which a copyright holder can apply to their media to give public permission for anyone to reuse that media only for noncommercial activities. Creative Commons is an organization which develops a variety of public copyright licenses, and the "noncommercial" licenses are a subset of these. Unlike the CC0, CC BY, and CC BY-SA licenses, the CC BY-NC license is considered non-free.

A challenge with using these licenses is determining what noncommercial use is.
Pedro Eugenio Pelletier
General Pedro Eugenio Pelletier was a French-born Dominican military figure who was a leader in the Dominican War of Independence. He stood out in the Battle of Santiago, alongside José María Imbert against the invading Haitian army, led by Jean-Louis Pierrot. He later became involved in the early conspiracies against Pedro Santana, in which he faced persecution and subsequent exile, where he died.

Battle of Beler
The Battle of Beler (Spanish: Batalla de Beler) was one of the major battles of the Dominican War of Independence and was fought on the 27 October 1845 at the Beler savanna, Monte Cristi Province. A force of Dominican troops, a portion of the Army of the North, led by General Francisco Antonio Salcedo, defeated a force of the Haitian Army led by General Jean-Louis Pierrot, while 3 Dominican schooners led by Admiral Juan Bautista Cambiaso, blockaded the port of Cap-Haïtien to prevent sea reinforcements of the near sited land battle.
1904 Cork City by-election
The 1904 Cork City by-election took place in Cork City (UK Parliament constituency) on 19 August 1904.

It followed the passage of the Land Purchase (Ireland) Act 1903, fought for by Cork MP William O'Brien of the Irish Parliamentary Party. In this he was opposed by his colleagues in the party for having achieved Land Reform before Home Rule.  In disgust, O'Brien closed his newspaper the Irish People and resigned his seat on 1 January 1904. Eventually the writ was moved to fill the vacant seat and O'Brien was nominated.

William O'Brien was returned unopposed.

Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills.
Bard High School Early College Newark
Bard High School Early College Newark is a magnet public high school in Newark, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Established in 2011, it is part of Newark Public Schools.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 395 students and 31.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.5:1. There were 208 students (52.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 39 (9.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Working with Bard College, students earn 60 college credits as part of a liberal arts and sciences curriculum toward an associate degree in addition to a high school diploma. The college program is operated as a branch of Bard College at Simon's Rock and is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.

New England Association of Schools and Colleges
The New England Association of Schools and Colleges, Inc. (NEASC /ˈniːæsk/ NEE-ask) is an American educational organization that accredits private and public secondary schools (high schools and technical/career institutions), primarily in New England. It also accredits international secondary schools (primarily in the Middle East and Europe) and, less frequently, high schools in other U.S. states.

Until 2018, NEASC was the primary accrediting organization for universities in New England. Since 2018, the former NEASC university accreditation body is now an independent organization, the New England Commission of Higher Education (NECHE). NEASC retained its old name after the split, although the word "colleges" is now an anachronism.
Hérouville-Saint-Clair
Hérouville-Saint-Clair (French pronunciation: [eʁuvil sɛ̃ klɛːʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

It is a suburb of the city of Caen, and lies adjacent to it in a northeasterly direction, along the west side of the Canal de Caen à la Mer. Its inhabitants are called Hérouvillais.

Just across the canal from Hérouville is a Renault Trucks manufacturing plant, which is situated between the canal and the river Orne. Just east of the river is the town of Colombelles.

Hérouville was the commune name until 1957.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.
Israel Goodovitch
Israel Meir Goodovitch (Hebrew: ישראל מאיר גודוביץ'; born 1934) is an Israeli architect and urban designer who created remarcable Modernist designs and concepts, but is better known in Israel for his short stint as City Engineer of Tel Aviv-Yafo.

Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel
Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (Hebrew: החברה להגנת הטבע, HaHevra LeHaganat HaTeva), or SPNI, is an Israeli non-profit environmental organization working to preserve plants, animals, and natural environments that represent bio-diversity, by protecting the lands and waters needed for their survival, and is Israel's oldest and largest conservation organization.
British swimming champions – 100 metres freestyle winners
The British swimming champions over 100 metres freestyle, formerly the (Amateur Swimming Association (ASA) National Championships) are listed below.

The event was originally contested over 110 yards and then switched to the metric conversion of 100 metres in 1971. In 1963 Bob McGregor of Scotland set a world record in the heats (54.4 sec) and the final (54.1 sec). In 1975 and 1984 there was a dead-heat in the women's final.

The most successful male and female competitors in the history of the event are Bob McGregor with six titles between 1962 and 1968, and Karen Pickering with seven. Fran Halsall has won the most consecutive titles, six from 2009 to 2014. The current champions (2025) are Matt Richards (his second) and Freya Anderson (her fifth).

Swim England
Swim England is the national governing body for swimming, diving, water polo, open water swimming, and synchronised swimming in England. It forms part of Aquatics GB, a federation of the national governing bodies of England, Scotland (Scottish Swimming), and Wales (Swim Wales).  These three are collectively known as the Home Country National Governing Bodies.
Lancaster and Chester Railroad
The Lancaster and Chester Railroad or L&C (reporting mark LC) is a railway headquartered in Lancaster, South Carolina. The original 29-mile (47 km) route connects Lancaster in Lancaster County with Chester in Chester County. The line's nickname is The Springmaid Line, which refers to its original purpose of connecting the plants of the Springs Mills company. It is owned by Gulf and Ohio Railways.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Gérard Biguet
Gérard Biguet (born 16 June 1946 in Jarny) is a retired French football referee, who refereed one match at the 1992 UEFA European Football Championship: CIS versus Germany.

He is known to have served as a FIFA referee during the period from 1982 to 1992. Biguet officiated at the 1988 Olympic tournament in Seoul, the 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship, qualifying matches for the Euro 1984, and Euro 1992 tournaments, and qualifying matches for the 1990 World Cup.

Biguet also worked as a futsal referee, officiating at the 1989 FIFA Futsal World Championship.

UEFA Euro 1992 qualifying
The qualifying competition for UEFA Euro 1992 was a series of parallel association football competitions to be held over 1990 and 1991 to decide the qualifiers for UEFA Euro 1992, to be held in Sweden. The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 2 February 1990.

There were a total of seven groups. At the conclusion of qualifying, the team at the top of each group qualified for the final tournament, to join the hosts in completing the eight participants. This was the last European Championship to feature eight teams, as the competition was expanded to 16 teams for 1996.
Cedar Grove School No. 81
The Cedar Grove School #81 is a historic school building on the west side of Arkansas Highway 115, in the small community of Brockett, Arkansas, about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Pocahontas.  It is a wood frame one-room schoolhouse, 23 by 41 feet (7.0 m × 12.5 m) in size, with a gable roof and a concrete foundation.  It was built in 1938, replacing another building destroyed by a tornado, and served as a district school until 1948, when the district was consolidated into the Pocahontas schools.  The building has been used since then by the Brockett Home Extension Club as a community center.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Pocahontas, Arkansas
Pocahontas is a city in and the county seat of Randolph County, Arkansas, United States, along the Black River. As of the 2020 census, Pocahontas had a population of 7,371.

Pocahontas has a number of historic buildings, including the Old Randolph County Courthouse built in 1871, the St. Mary's AME Church, and the Pocahontas Colored School built in 1918, the latter of which is now home to the Eddie Mae Herron Center.
Yuchi Gong
Yuchi Gong (尉遲恭) or Yuchi Rong (尉遲融) (585 – 25 December 658), courtesy name Jingde (敬德), also known by his posthumous name Duke Zhongwu of E, was a Chinese military general who lived in the early Tang dynasty. Yuchi Jingde and another general Qin Shubao are worshipped as door gods in Chinese folk religion.

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
KUMI 415
Kumi African Nation Organization, generally referred to as 415 or Kumi 415 is a predominantly African-American prison gang that was originally formed in Folsom State Prison in the mid-1980s, and the founding members were mainly from the San Francisco Bay Area.

Folsom State Prison
Folsom California State Prison is a California State Prison in Folsom, California, United States, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northeast of the state capital of Sacramento. It is one of 34 adult institutions operated by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Opened in 1880, Folsom is the state's second-oldest prison, after San Quentin, and the first in the United States to have electricity. Folsom was also one of the first maximum security prisons. It has been the execution site of 93 condemned prisoners.

Musician Johnny Cash put on two live performances at the prison on January 13, 1968. These were recorded and released as a live album titled At Folsom Prison. He had written and recorded the song "Folsom Prison Blues" more than a decade earlier.
Brian Lopez (musician)
Brian Lopez (born 1983 in Tucson, Arizona) is a Mexican-American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and recording artist from Southern Arizona. His music is influenced by grunge rock, cross-border musical traditions and has come to epitomize the sound of the 21st-century American Southwest. A significant figure in the development of the Southwest psychedelic rock movement, Lopez has established a number of noted bands including Mostly Bears and Xixa, and played with internationally recognized artists Calexico, Giant Sand, KT Tunstall, and Nouvelle Vague. His solo albums include Ultra, Static Noise, and Prelude. Lopez's musical style has been compared to Nick Drake, Elliott Smith, Jeff Buckley, and Radiohead.

Nouvelle Vague (band)
Nouvelle Vague is a French cover band led by musicians Olivier Libaux and Marc Collin. Their name means "new wave" in French, and refers simultaneously to the French New Wave cinema movement of the 1960s, to the new wave music movement of the 1970s and 1980s, which provides many of the songs that the band covers, and to bossa nova (Portuguese for "new way"), a musical style that the band frequently uses in its arrangements.

The group's recordings and live performances have featured a large rotating cast of mostly female vocalists. Several of the artists who have performed with the band have also had successful solo careers, including Camille, Phoebe Killdeer, Mélanie Pain, and Nadéah Miranda. Libaux died in 2021 but the band continues to tour.
Šumice (Brno-Country District)
Šumice is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Šumice lies approximately 89 kilometres (55 mi) east of Brno and 145 km (90 mi) east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
14th Airlanding Brigade
The 14th Airlanding Brigade was a formation of the British Indian Army and then the Pakistan Army. It was formed from the 14th British Infantry Brigade on 1 November 1944, and was initially part of the 44th Airborne Division. Initially the brigade included 4/6th Rajputana Rifles, 2nd Black Watch, 2nd King's Own Royal Regiment, and 6/16th Punjab Regiment. During the Second World War it was commanded by Brigadier Thomas Brodie and later Brigadier F.W. Gibb.

Later as part of 2 Indian Airborne Division, the brigade headquarters was transferred to the Pakistan Army.

16th Punjab Regiment
The 16th Punjab Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army from 1922 to 1947. Upon the Partition of India, it was transferred to the newly-raised Pakistan Army. It ceased to exist in this form in 1956, when it was amalgamated with the 1st, 14th and 15th Punjab regiments to form the Punjab Regiment, an existing infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army.
Medical-psychological assessment (Germany)
In Germany, a medical-psychological assessment (German: Medizinisch-Psychologische Untersuchung, or "MPU") is used by the authorities in deciding whether to revoke or reissue a driving license. Medical-psychological assessment has been shown to be highly effective at reducing the recidivism rate for drunk drivers. Drivers who are identified as potentially unfit may have their driver's license suspended and must satisfactorily complete an MPU to get their license reinstated. MPUs are commonly required due to drug- and alcohol-related offenses, or any other offenses that demonstrate a potential lack of maturity and judgment to safely participate in traffic.

The MPU is colloquially referred to as the "Idiot test" (German: Idiotentest), while the law refers to it as an "Assessment of Fitness to Drive" (German: Begutachtung der Fahreignung).

Recidivism
Recidivism (/rɪˈsɪdɪvɪzəm/; from Latin: recidivus 'recurring', derived from re- 'again' and cadere 'to fall') is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been trained to extinguish it. Recidivism is also used to refer to the percentage of former prisoners who are rearrested for a similar offense.

The term is frequently used in conjunction with criminal behavior and substance abuse. Recidivism is a synonym of relapse, which is more commonly used in medicine and in the disease model of addiction.
Klein bottle
In mathematics, the Klein bottle (/ˈklaɪn/) is an example of a surface with no distinct inside or outside. In other words, it is a one-sided surface which, if traveled upon, could be followed back to the point of origin while flipping the traveler upside down. More formally, it is an example of a non-orientable surface, a two-dimensional manifold on which one cannot define a consistent direction perpendicular to the surface (normal vector) that varies continuously over the whole shape.

The Klein bottle is related to other non-orientable surfaces like the Möbius strip, which also has only one side but does have a boundary. In contrast, the Klein bottle is boundaryless, like a sphere or torus, though it cannot be embedded in ordinary three-dimensional space without intersecting itself.

The Klein bottle was first described in 1882 by the mathematician Felix Klein.

Spherinder
In four-dimensional geometry, the spherinder, or spherical cylinder or spherical prism, is a geometric object, defined as the Cartesian product of a 3-ball (or solid 2-sphere) of radius r1 and a line segment of length 2r2:

Like the duocylinder, it is also analogous to a cylinder in 3-space, which is the Cartesian product of a disk with a line segment. It is a rotatope and a toratope.

It can be seen in 3-dimensional space by stereographic projection as two concentric spheres, in a similar way that a tesseract (cubic prism) can be projected as two concentric cubes, and how a circular cylinder can be projected into 2-dimensional space as two concentric circles.
John I. Mitchell
John Inscho Mitchell (July 28, 1838 – August 20, 1907) was an American lawyer, jurist, and Republican party politician from Tioga County, Pennsylvania. He served in the state legislature and represented Pennsylvania in both the U.S. House and Senate. He was later a judge in several state courts.

Bucknell University
Bucknell University is a private liberal-arts college in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1846 as the University at Lewisburg, it now consists of the College of Arts and Sciences, the Freeman College of Management, and the College of Engineering. It offers 65 majors and 70 minors in the sciences and humanities. Located just south of Lewisburg, the 445-acre (1.80 km2) campus rises above the West Branch of the Susquehanna River.

Approximately 3,900 undergraduate students and 50 graduate students attend Bucknell. It is a member of the Patriot League in NCAA Division I athletics. Its athletic teams are the Bucknell Bison and its mascot is Bucky the Bison.