hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FM 3-24 Counterinsurgency
FM 3-24 Counterinsurgency is a US Army manual, created by General David H. Petraeus and James F. Amos.  The foreword is by Sarah Sewall. The document has been credited with changing for the better the US approach to insurgency in Iraq. However, FM 3-24 (along with other counterinsurgency policies) has been quite heavily criticized, mainly for its paradoxical claims.

James F. Amos
James F. "Jim" Amos (born November 12, 1946) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as the 35th commandant of the Marine Corps. As a naval aviator, Amos commanded the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing during the Iraq War in 2003 and 2006. He served as the 31st assistant commandant of the Marine Corps from 2008 to 2010, and was the first Marine Corps aviator to serve as commandant. He retired from the Marine Corps in December 2014.
San Marcos de Colón
San Marcos de Colón is a town, with a population of 13,920 (2023 calculation), and a municipality in the Honduran department of Choluteca, located on the border with Nicaragua.

The town is located on the Pan-American Highway near the Nicaraguan border town of Somoto, and 192 km away from the capital Tegucigalpa.

Municipalities of Honduras
Honduras is administratively divided into 18 departments, which are subdivided into 298 municipalities (Spanish: municipios). Municipalities are the only administrative division in Honduras that possess local government. Each municipality has its own elected mayor as opposed to the appointed governors of departments. For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into 3731 aldeas, and those into 27969 caserios. At the lowest level, some caserios are subdivided into 3336 barrios or colonias.
Legacy of Cato the Younger
Cato the Younger (95 BC – 46 BC) was an Ancient Roman politician during the late republic. He was famous in ancient times and through to the modern era as an exemplar of moral virtue and as a martyr for the Roman republic.

Purgatorio
Purgatorio (Italian: [purɡaˈtɔːrjo]; Italian for "Purgatory") is the second part of Dante's Divine Comedy, following the Inferno and preceding the Paradiso; it was written in the early 14th century. It is an allegorical telling of the climb of Dante up the Mount of Purgatory, guided by the Roman poet Virgil—except for the last four cantos, at which point Beatrice takes over as Dante's guide. Allegorically, Purgatorio represents the penitent Christian life. In describing the climb Dante discusses the nature of sin, examples of vice and virtue, as well as moral issues in politics and in the Church. The poem posits the theory that all sins arise from love—either perverted love directed towards others' harm, or deficient love, or the disordered or excessive love of good things.
Abellan
Abellan or Abellán is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alejandro Abellan (born 1965), Canadian actor

Carmen Conde Abellán (1907–1996), Spanish poet, writer and literary critic

Cayetano Hilario Abellán (1916–1997), Spanish sculptor

Joan Abellan i Mula (born 1946), Spanish playwright and writer

José María Dols Abellán (1953–2014; maternal surname), Spanish bullfighter

Joan Abellan i Mula
Joan Abellan i Mula (born 1946 in Barcelona, Spain) is a Catalan playwright and essayist.

Abellan i Mula is a professor of theater arts at the Institut del Teatre de Barcelona (Barcelona Institute of Theater), and author of several plays.  Additionally, Abellan i Mula has published numerous essays on the topic of theater arts.  In 1989 he won the Prudenci Bertarna prize for the novel La dona sense attributs ("The woman without qualities"), written with J. Melendres.  He has also translated Bertolt Brecht into the Catalan language, and has produced scripts for television.  He has contributed to the magazine Pipirijaina, and published several articles in Estudis Escènics (Stage Studies).
Gavialiceps taiwanensis
Gavialiceps taiwanensis is an eel in the family Muraenesocidae (pike congers). It was described by Johnson T. F. Chen and Herman Ting-Chen Weng in 1967, originally under the genus Chlopsis. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, including Taiwan (from which its species epithet is derived) and Okinawa, Japan. It dwells at a depth range of 600 to 750 metres (1,970 to 2,460 ft). Males can reach a maximum total length of 75.7 centimetres (29.8 in).

Muraenesocidae
The Muraenesocidae, or pike congers, are a small family of marine eels found worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. Some species are known to enter brackish water.

Pike congers have cylindrical bodies, scaleless skin, narrow heads with large eyes, and strong teeth. Their dorsal fins start above the well-developed pectoral fins. These rather aggressive fish range from 60 to 250 cm (2.0 to 8.2 ft) in length.
Edge (geometry)
In geometry, an edge is a particular type of line segment joining two vertices in a polygon, polyhedron, or higher-dimensional polytope. In a polygon, an edge is a line segment on the boundary, and is often called a polygon side. In a polyhedron or more generally a polytope, an edge is a line segment where two faces (or polyhedron sides) meet. A segment joining two vertices while passing through the interior or exterior is not an edge but instead is called a diagonal.

An edge may also be an infinite line separating two half-planes.
The sides of a plane angle are semi-infinite half-lines (or rays).

Upper half-plane
In mathematics, the upper half-plane, ⁠⁠ is the set of points ⁠⁠ in the Cartesian plane with ⁠⁠ The lower half-plane is the set of points ⁠⁠ with ⁠⁠ instead. Arbitrarily oriented half-planes can be obtained via a planar rotation. Half-planes are an example of two-dimensional half-space. A half-plane can be split in two quadrants.
Gardline Group
The Gardline Group is a holding company based in Great Yarmouth, England. Before the acquisition by Boskalis in 2017, the group consisted of more than 35 companies focused primarily on service industries. After the acquisition, Gardline sold some of its group companies. The holding company was established in 2009 to bring together a number of existing companies including the original Gardline Shipping, first established in 1969, which continues today, focussed on shipping and other maritime services.

Freight transport
Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commercial products and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it has been extended to refer to transport by land or air (International English: "carriage") as well. "Logistics", a term borrowed from the military environment, is also used in the same sense.
Stits Playboy
The Stits SA-3A Playboy (sometimes called the Stitts SA-3A Playboy) is a single seat, strut-braced low-wing monoplane that was designed by Ray Stits for amateur construction. The aircraft was designed and the prototype was completed in a three-month period during 1952. The design went on to become one of the most influential in the post-war boom in aircraft homebuilding.

A side-by-side two seat version is known as the SA-3B.

EAA Aviation Museum
The EAA Aviation Museum, formerly the EAA AirVenture Museum (or Air Adventure Museum), is a museum dedicated to the preservation and display of historic and experimental aircraft as well as antiques, classics, and warbirds. The museum is located in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States, adjacent to Wittman Regional Airport, home of the museum's sponsoring organization, the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), and the organization's EAA AirVenture Oshkosh event (the world's biggest fly-in and airshow) that takes place in late July/early August.

With over 200 aircraft, indoors and outdoors, and other exhibits and activities (including occasional aircraft rides nearby), the AirVenture Museum is a key tourist attraction in Oshkosh and is a center of activity throughout the AirVenture fly-in and airshow each summer. The museum is open year-round with the exception of a few holidays.
WOW Gospel 2002
WOW Gospel 2002 is a gospel music compilation album in the WOW series.  Released February 5, 2002, it includes thirty songs and two bonus tracks on a double album.  It reached 46 on the Billboard 200 chart in 2002, and hit number one on the Top Gospel Albums chart.

The album was certified as gold in the US in 2002 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Hezekiah Walker
Hezekiah Xzavier Walker Jr. (born December 24, 1962) is an American gospel music artist and the pastor of Love Fellowship Tabernacle in Brooklyn, New York. Walker has released several albums on Benson Records and Verity Records as Hezekiah Walker & The Love Fellowship Crusade Choir.
Noo Hin: The Movie
Noo Hin: The Movie (Thai: หนูหิ่น เดอะ มูฟวี่; RTGS: Nu Hin Doe Mupwi) is a 2006 comedy film based on a popular Thai comic book and graphic novel series about a plucky domestic worker from Isan who's working for an upper class family in Bangkok. It was directed by Komgrit Triwimol and co-produced by Nonzee Nimibutr with a screenplay by Kongdej Jaturanrasamee.

Ubon Ratchathani province
Ubon Ratchathani (Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔù.bōn râːt.tɕʰā.tʰāː.nīː]; Northeastern Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔǔ.bōn lâːt.sā.tʰa᷇ː.ni᷇ː]), often shortened to Ubon (อุบลฯ), is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces. It lies in lower northeastern Thailand (also called Isan). Ubon is about 630 km (390 mi) from Bangkok. Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise) Sisaket, Yasothon, and Amnat Charoen. To the north and east it borders Salavan and Champasak of Laos, to the south  Preah Vihear of Cambodia.
Bukit Raja Selatan LRT station
The Bukit Raja Selatan LRT station is a light rapid transit (LRT) station serving the Klang suburb in Selangor, Malaysia. It serves as one of the stations on the Shah Alam line. The station is an elevated rapid transit station in Taman Perindustrian Bukit Raja Selatan, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia, forming part of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System.

Klang Valley Integrated Transit System
The Klang Valley Integrated Transit System is an integrated transport network that primarily serves the area of Klang Valley and Greater Kuala Lumpur. The system commenced operations in August 1995 with the introduction of commuter rail service on the existing rail between Kuala Lumpur and Rawang. The system have since expanded and currently consists of 11 fully operating rail lines in a radial formation; two commuter rail lines, six rapid transit lines, one bus rapid transit line and two airport rail links to the Kuala Lumpur International Airport's (KLIA) Terminal 1 and Terminal 2, and one temporarily suspended airport rail link to the Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport. The system encompasses 528.4 kilometres (328.3 mi) of grade-separated railway with 197 operational stations.
Land management
Land management is the process of managing the use and development of land resources. Those resources are used for a variety of purposes for example agriculture, forestry, water resource management, human settlements and tourism. One aim of land management is to prevent or reverse land degradation. Another aim is to ensure water security by increasing soil moisture availability, decreasing surface runoff, and decreasing soil erosion. Unsustainable land managements leads to land being over- or misused which in turn degrades the land, reduces productivity and disrupts natural equilibriums.

Productivity (ecology)
In ecology, the term productivity refers to the rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem, usually expressed in units of mass per volume (unit surface) per unit of time, such as grams per square metre per day (g m−2 d−1). The unit of mass can relate to dry matter or to the mass of generated carbon. The productivity of autotrophs, such as plants, is called primary productivity, while the productivity of heterotrophs, such as animals, is called secondary productivity.

The productivity of an ecosystem is influenced by a wide range of factors, including nutrient availability, temperature, and water availability. Understanding ecological productivity is vital because it provides insights into how ecosystems function and the extent to which they can support life.
Gladys Reyes
Gladys Reyes-Sommereux (born June 23, 1977), is a Filipino actress, television presenter, entrepreneur, and comedian. She began a career as a child actress after joining Little Miss Philippines segment of Eat Bulaga! in 1984 and rose to fame after playing "Clara," the lead villainess from the classic television series Mara Clara.

Villain
A villain (masculine), or villainess (feminine), also bad guy, baddy or baddie (sometimes known as a "black hat"), is a stock character, whether based on a historical narrative or one of literary fiction. Random House Unabridged Dictionary defines such a character as "a cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime; scoundrel; or a character in a play, novel, or the like, who constitutes an important evil agency in the plot". The antonym of a villain is a hero.

The villain's structural purpose is to serve as the opposite to the hero character, and their motives or evil actions drive a plot along. In contrast to the hero, who is defined by feats of ingenuity and bravery and the pursuit of justice and the greater good, a villain is often defined by their acts of selfishness, evilness, arrogance, cruelty, and cunning, displaying immoral behavior that can oppose or pervert justice.
Sumitra Bhandari
Sumitra Subedi Bhandari (Nepali: सुमित्रा सुवेदी भण्डारी) is a Nepali politician and former Governor of Madhesh Province. Bhandari lost her post after being alleged for unsuccessfully controlling the government formation process in province.

A disputed Governor, Bhandari was appointed as per the Article 163 (2) of the Constitution of Nepal by the President on the recommendation of the Council of Ministers of the Government of Nepal on 15 March 2024. Following her disruptive move to appoint Saroj Kumar Yadav of her parent party, CPN (UML) as chief minister spread agitations throughout Madhesh Province seeking her removal from ceremonial post. However, majority of Members of Provincial Assembly (MPAs), as much as 74 of 107, filed a writ claiming it unconstitutional.

Constitution of Nepal
The Constitution of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको संविधान) is the present governing Constitution of Nepal.
Nepal is governed according to the Constitution which came into effect on 20 September 2015, replacing the Interim Constitution of 2007. The constitution of Nepal is divided into 35 parts, 308 Articles and 9 Schedules.

The Constitution was drafted by the Second Constituent Assembly following the failure of the First Constituent Assembly to produce a constitution in its mandated period after the earthquake in April 2015.  The constitution was endorsed by 90% of the total legislators. Out of 598 Constituent Assembly members, 538 voted in favour of the constitution while 60 people voted against it, including a few Terai-based political parties which refrained from the voting process.

Its institutions were put in place in 2010 and 2018 through a series of direct and indirect elections in all governing levels.
Frederick G. Reincke
Frederick Gates Reincke (born in Winsted, Connecticut, on November 1, 1899) was the thirty-fifth Adjutant General of the State of Connecticut. He went to public schools in Winsted.  Reincke was appointed Wethersfield prison warder in 1963. That same year he supervised all the transferred inmates from the Wethersfield prison to the new prison in Somers. His decorations were Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, commendation ribbon, American Defense Service Medal, American Campaign, Asiatic Pacific Campaign and Combat Infantryman badge.

Winsted, Connecticut
Winsted is a census-designated place and an incorporated city in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is part of the town of Winchester. The population of Winsted was 7,192 at the 2020 census, a decrease from 7,712 at the 2010 census. It comprises the majority of the town of Winchester's 10,224 population. Winsted is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region.
Metropolitan Bureau of Investigation
The Metropolitan Bureau of Investigation is an 18-agency law enforcement task force in Central Florida that was set up by the Ninth Judicial Circuit Court of Florida in 1978 to target vice, narcotics, and organized crime.

Vice
A vice is a practice, behaviour, habit or item generally considered morally wrong in the associated society. In more minor usage, vice can refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a defect, an infirmity, or a bad or unhealthy habit. Vices are usually associated with a fault in a person's character or temperament rather than their morality.

Synonyms for vice include fault, sin, depravity, iniquity, wickedness, and corruption. The antonym of vice is virtue.
Kate Hood
Kate Hood (born 1958 or 1959) is an Australian actress, born in Sydney. She studied drama in New Zealand and joined The Mercury Theatre.

She is best known to international audiences for her role in the cult television drama Prisoner as the misunderstood Kath Maxwell during the final year of the series.

She also played Jill Fowley on three episodes of Blue Heelers during its sixth season, and is the voice behind many TAC commercials. She had a part in the Jodie Foster film Mesmerized.

In 2003, Hood was diagnosed with HSP (hereditary spastic paraplegia). She is a wheelchair user. Hood said of the diagnosis that she underwent two years of unsuccessful treatment with a chiropractor before seeing a neurologist.

In 2023, Hood was added to an advisory board of the Melbourne Theatre Company.

Blue Heelers
Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group and ran for twelve years on the Seven Network, from 1994 to 2006. Although based around the policing of the town, the series generally depicted the everyday lives and relationships of the residents of Mount Thomas, a fictional small town in Victoria.

The series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian television, having won 25 Logie awards, and having equal standing with The Don Lane Show as the most awarded show in the history of the Logies (with five wins). It is also noted for its two main stars Lisa McCune, a four-time recipient of the Gold Logie, and John Wood, who also won Gold.
Hyliota
The hyliotas are a genus, Hyliota, of passerine bird from Africa. The taxonomic position of the genus has been a longstanding mystery. They have been formerly regarded as Old World warblers in the family Sylviidae, or related to the batises and wattle-eyes in the family Platysteiridae, bush-shrikes in the family Malaconotidae, or even Old-World flycatchers in the family Muscicapidae. An analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of the genus and possible relatives found they have no close relatives and are basal in the clade Passerida. They are now often regarded as a family in their own right, Hyliotidae.

The hyliotas are found in the canopy of broad-leaf forests. They usually do not live in groups but will join mixed-species feeding flocks with other species. They are territorial and pairs are monogamous, nesting in camouflaged woven nests.

Old World flycatcher
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. The large family includes 357 species and is divided into 57 genera.
Madkai
Marcaim or Madkai is a census town in Ponda taluka, North Goa district in the state of Goa, India. It was historically known as Madiyagombu as recent as the 14th century.

It is famous for the Navdurga Temple which is renowned for its unique idol of the goddess, which features a tilted head. The temple is also known for hosting an annual festival called "Zatra of Goddess Navdurga" or just "Zatra" which takes place around November each year, specifically on Kartik Shukla Paksha Ashtami. The temple is also known for the controversy, which began in 2016, over a decision to replace the temple idol. This decision led to a legal and social dispute between the Brahmin Mahajans and local Bahujan villagers over temple ownership and control.

North Goa district
North Goa district is one of the two districts that constitutes the state of Goa, India. The district has an area of 1,736 square kilometres (670 square miles), and is bounded by Kolhapur  and Sindhudurg districts of Maharashtra state to the north and by Belagavi district of Karnataka to the east, by South Goa district to the south, and by the Arabian Sea to the west.
Liberatore
Liberatore is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Liberatore, American baseball player

Lou Liberatore, American actor

Matteo Liberatore, Italian Jesuit philosopher and theologian

Matthew Liberatore, American baseball player

Niccolò di Liberatore, Italian painter

Tanino Liberatore, Italian comics author and illustrator

Tom Liberatore, Australian rules footballer, son of Tony

Tony Liberatore, former Australian rules footballer

Lou Liberatore
Lou Liberatore (born 1959) is an American actor.

A graduate of Fordham University, Liberatore made his New York City stage debut in the 1982 Circle Repertory Company production of Richard II. As a permanent member of the company he appeared in The Great Grandson of Jebediah Kohler, Black Angel, and As Is and Burn This, both of which transferred to Broadway. The latter earned him both Tony and Drama Desk Award nominations for Best Featured Actor in a Play. He also appeared off-Broadway in Sight Unseen.

Liberatore's television credits include Tales of the City, Who's the Boss?, Sex and the City, Law & Order, and the made-for-TV movies If It's Tuesday, It Still Must Be Belgium, Original Sin, Baby Brokers, and Tom Clancy's Op Center. He also appeared in the film It's My Party.
Peter Yorke (MP)
Peter Yorke (or Peter York) (c. 1542 – by 1589), of Gouthwaite, Yorkshire, was an English landowner and politician.

Peter Yorke was the son of Sir John Yorke (c.1490-1568) and Anne Smyth.  He was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge and admitted to the Middle Temple in 1557.  In 1560 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Ingleby of Ripley Castle, and they moved to Parcevall Hall, part of the manor of Appletreewick, a former possession of Bolton Priory bought by Peter's father in 1549.   When his father died in 1568 he inherited the extensive former Byland Abbey estates in Nidderdale, which his father had bought in 1547, as well as Appletreewick manor, which included valuable mining rights at Greenhow Hill.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Ripon in 1589.

In his will, proved on 4 July 1589, Yorke left most of his estates to his eldest son John.

Gouthwaite Reservoir
Gouthwaite Reservoir is  in Nidderdale, North Yorkshire, England. It is one of many reservoirs in the area, others include Roundhill Reservoir and Angram Reservoir.

Gouthwaite is a compensation reservoir for the River Nidd, i.e. it maintains the downstream flow of the river during periods of high and low rainfall.