hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bader Al-Mutawa
Bader Ahmed al-Mutawa (Arabic: بدر أحمد المطوع; born 10 January 1985) is a Kuwaiti professional footballer who plays for Qadsia. He usually operates as a second striker. He wears the jersey number 17. Al-Mutawa is the second-most-capped international player with 202 caps, only behind Cristiano Ronaldo.

AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League
The AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League (Arabic: دوري أبطال الخليج للأندية), formerly known as the GCC Champions League, is a regional football competition governed by the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation (AGCFF) for clubs from its eight member nations.

The tournament was founded by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and was first organised in 1982. During its early years, the GCC Club Championship also acted as a qualification tournament for the Asian Club Championship. The last edition organised by the GCC was the 30th edition in 2015, which featured twelve teams, while its attempts to organise the 31st edition failed.

The tournament was relaunched by the AGCFF for the 2024–25 season under the name AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League, featuring eight teams. Duhok are the current champions, having beaten Al-Qadisiya in the 2025 final.
Alison Noble
Julia Alison Noble (born 28 January 1965) is a British engineer. She has been Technikos Professor of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Oxford and a fellow of St Hilda's College since 2011, and Associate Head of the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences Division at the university.  As of 2017, she is the chief technology officer of Intelligent Ultrasound Limited, an Oxford spin-off in medical imaging that she cofounded. She was director of the Oxford Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME) from 2012 to 2016. In 2023 she became the Foreign Secretary of The Royal Society (jointly with Mark Walport).

Divisions of the University of Oxford
The academic faculties, schools, and departments of the University of Oxford are organized into four divisions, each under the leadership of a divisional head and a divisional board. The divisions are the Humanities Division; the Social Sciences Division; the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences Division; and the Medical Sciences Division.
René Gervais
René Gervais, OBE (ʁəne ʒɛʁvɛː 1908–1997) was a French aircraft pilot and spy, Companion of the Liberation.

A member of Georges Ronin's intelligence service, he became head of the organization in mainland France after the Allied landings in North Africa. Hunted by the Gestapo, he flew to Algiers in March 1944 and took command of a section of the DGSS.

Narbonne
Narbonne (/nɑːrˈbɒn/ nar-BON, US also /-ˈbɔːn, -ˈbʌn/ -⁠BAWN, -⁠BUN, French: [naʁbɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Narbona [naɾˈβunɔ]; Latin: Narbo [ˈna(ː)rboː]; Late Latin: Narbona) is a commune and subprefecture in Southern France, located in the Occitanie region. It is located about 15 km (9 mi) from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and was historically a prosperous port city. Narbonne lies 849 km (528 mi) from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is an arrondissement. From the 14th century onwards, it declined following a change in the course of the river Aude. While it is the largest commune in Aude, the capital of the Aude department is the smaller commune of Carcassonne.
Granular computing
Granular computing is an emerging computing paradigm of information processing that concerns the processing of complex information entities called "information granules", which arise in the process of data abstraction and derivation of knowledge from information or data.  Generally speaking, information granules are collections of entities that usually originate at the numeric level and are arranged together due to their similarity, functional or physical adjacency, indistinguishability, coherency, or the like.

At present, granular computing is more a theoretical perspective than a coherent set of methods or principles.  As a theoretical perspective, it encourages an approach to data that recognizes and exploits the knowledge present in data at various levels of resolution or scales.  In this sense, it encompasses all methods which provide flexibility and adaptability in the resolution at which knowledge or information is extracted and represented.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Maybole railway station
Maybole railway station is a railway station serving the town of Maybole, South Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is owned by Network Rail and managed by ScotRail and is on the Glasgow South Western Line.

ScotRail
ScotRail Trains Limited, trading as ScotRail (Scottish Gaelic: Rèile na h-Alba), is a Scottish train operating company that is publicly owned by Scottish Rail Holdings on behalf of the Scottish Government. It has been operating the ScotRail franchise as an operator of last resort since 1 April 2022.
SE Penya Independent
Societat Esportiva Penya Independent is a Spanish football club based in Sant Miquel de Balansat, in the island of Ibiza, in the Balearic Islands. Founded in 1975, they hold home games at Campo Municipal de Futbol de Sant Miquel, with a capacity of 2,000 people.

Ibiza
Ibiza (/ɪˈbiːzə/ (US) /ɪˈbiːθə/ (UK); Spanish: [iˈβiθa]; Catalan: Eivissa [əjˈvisə]; see below) or Iviza is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands in area, but the second-largest by population. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town (Catalan: Vila d'Eivissa, or simply Vila), Santa Eulària des Riu, and Sant Antoni de Portmany. Its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa (or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet) above sea level.

Ibiza is well known for its nightlife and electronic dance music club scene in  the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism.

Ibiza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ibiza and the nearby island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands, or "Pityuses".
Positive real numbers
In mathematics, the set of positive real numbers,  is the subset of those real numbers that are greater than zero. The non-negative real numbers,  also include zero. Although the symbols  and  are ambiguously used for either of these, the notation  or  for  and  or  for  has also been widely employed, is aligned with the practice in algebra of denoting the exclusion of the zero element with a star, and should be understandable to most practicing mathematicians.

In a complex plane,  is identified with the positive real axis (or positive real half-axis), and is usually drawn as a horizontal ray. This ray is used as reference in the polar form of a complex number. The real positive axis corresponds to complex numbers  with argument

Semiring
In abstract algebra, a semiring is an algebraic structure. Semirings are a generalization of rings, dropping the requirement that each element must have an additive inverse. At the same time, semirings are a generalization of bounded distributive lattices.

The smallest semiring that is not a ring is the two-element Boolean algebra, for instance with logical disjunction  as addition. A motivating example that is neither a ring nor a lattice is the set of natural numbers  (including zero) under ordinary addition and multiplication. Semirings are abundant because a suitable multiplication operation arises as the function composition of endomorphisms over any commutative monoid.
Weston Fen, Suffolk
Weston Fen is a 49.7-hectare (123-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Hopton in Suffolk. It is part of the Waveney and Little Ouse Valley Fens Special Areas of Conservation, and an area of 37 hectares is managed as a nature reserve called Market Weston Fen by the Suffolk Wildlife Trust.

This spring-fed valley fen has a high and stable water table, and as a result it has a rich and varied flora. The dominant plants in the central fen area are saw sedge, the reed Phragmites australis and blunt-flowered rush. Other habitats include tall fen grassland, heath and a stream. There are many dragonflies and damselflies.

There is access from Fen Street. Parking for 3-4 cars on verge immediately after the signposted public footpath and entrance to fen.

Hopton, Suffolk
Hopton is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. Located just south of the Norfolk border on the B1111 road between Stanton and Garboldisham, in 2011 it had a population of 653. It shares a parish council with neighbouring Knettishall.

All Saints' Church is at the geographical centre of the village, it has regular services and is part of the United Benefice of Stanton, Hopton, Market Weston, Barningham & Coney Weston.
HR 2131
HR 2131 (HD 41047) is a solitary star in the southern constellation Columba. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.52, allowing it to be faintly seen with the naked eye. The object is located at a distance of 670 light years but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 19 km/s.

HR 2131 has a stellar classification of K5 III, indicating that it is a red giant. It has 1.81 times the mass of the Sun and is 2.19 billion years old. The star's high luminosity of 501 L☉ and a low effective temperature of 3,700 K causes it to have an enlarged radius 49 times that of the Sun. HR 2131's metallicity – elements heavier than helium – is around solar level; it spins with a projected rotational velocity of about 2.6 km/s.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Mike Fleming (talk radio host)
Mike Fleming (1942 – May 8, 2016) was a conservative radio talk show host in Memphis, Tennessee. He was a commentator of the traditional journalistic school with an enhanced personality. Fleming worked for newspapers in Tennessee and Florida.

The most common topics of his show, which aired from 4 to 7 p.m. CST on WREC, were reserved for the city government, in particular Mayor W. W. Herenton and House Speaker Jimmy Naifeh, whom he routinely referred to as "King Willie" and "Neanderthal Naifeh" for their alleged abuses of government and ethical violations. He also strongly criticized the powerful political Ford family, particularly former state senator John Ford and former U.S. Representative Harold Ford, Jr.

On April 28, 2009, Clear Channel Communications Inc., the largest owner of U.S. radio stations, said it was cutting 590 jobs including Fleming.

Fleming died on May 8, 2016, at the age of 74.

W. W. Herenton
Willie Wilbert Herenton (born April 23, 1940) is an American politician from Memphis, Tennessee. He was elected as the first elected African-American Mayor of Memphis, Tennessee. He was elected to five consecutive terms and abruptly resigned the position mid-way through his fifth term in 2009.
Vișan
Vișan is a village in Bârnova Commune, Iași County, Romania.

It is also the surname of:

Dorel Vișan (born 1937), Romanian actor

Gheorghe Vișan, original name of Romanian literary critic, historian, novelist, academician and journalist George Călinescu (1899–1965)

Ioana lui Vișan, pseudonym of Romanian poet and editor N. T. Orășanu (1833–1890)

Monica Vișan (born 1979), Romanian mathematician

Nicolae Vișan (1956–2017), Romanian ice hockey player

Paula Vișan, goalkeeper for Romanian women's handball team HC Zalău

Raymond Vișan, French-Romanian restaurateur, creator of Buddha Bar

Buddha Bar
The Buddha-Bar is a bar, restaurant, and hotel franchise created by French-Romanian restaurateur Raymond  Vișan, with its original location having opened in Paris, France in 1996. The Buddha Bar "soon became a reference among foreign yuppies and wealthy tourists visiting the city", and "has spawned numerous imitators", becoming popular in part because of the DJ's choice of eclectic, avant-garde music. It became known internationally for issuing the Buddha Bar compilation albums, which are popular compilations of lounge, chill-out music and world music, also under the Buddha Bar brand, released by George V Records. Buddha Bar "has made a name for itself with its Zen lounge music CDs and remains a hit – especially with tourists". Locations have since been opened in a number of other countries, although not without controversy arising from the theme.
William Rowe (politician)
William Rowe (1819–1886) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament in the Auckland Region, New Zealand.

He represented the Thames electorate from 1876 to 1879 when he retired.

In 1876 he polled second in Thames to Sir George Grey, who had also stood for the Auckland West electorate. A committee decided that Grey was validly elected for Thames as well as Auckland West, but that Grey had to decide which electorate he wished to represent. Grey had originally chosen Auckland West, but then decided that he wished to represent Thames and asked that a by-election be held in Auckland West for the vacated seat.

Auckland Region
Auckland (Māori: Tāmaki Makaurau) is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand, which takes its name from the eponymous urban area. The region encompasses the Auckland metropolitan area, smaller towns, rural areas, and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. Containing 34 percent of the nation's residents, it has by far the largest population and economy of any region of New Zealand, but the second-smallest land area.

On 1 November 2010, the Auckland region became a unitary authority administered by the Auckland Council, replacing the previous regional council and seven local councils. In the process, an area in its southeastern corner was transferred to the neighbouring Waikato region. Since then, the Auckland Council has introduced a system of local boards to divide the region for local government.
Hundred of Melville
The Hundred of Melville is a cadastral unit of hundred in South Australia on the southern Yorke Peninsula. It is one of the 16 hundreds of the County of Fergusson. Proclaimed on 18 February June 1869, it was named after Lord Melville, First Lord of the Admiralty (chief of the Royal Navy) in the 1810s and 1820s.

The localities of Coobowie, Edithburgh, Honiton, Sultana Point and parts of Port Moorowie,  Wool Bay and Yorketown are within the hundred boundaries.

Wool Bay, South Australia
Wool Bay (formerly Pickering) is a locality and a former government town in the Australian state of South Australia on the east coast of southern Yorke Peninsula.  It is located between Stansbury and Coobowie on Yorke Peninsula, approximately 220 kilometres from Adelaide by road, but only just over 60 km due west across Gulf St Vincent.
Abbaye de Graville
Abbaye de Graville (Abbey of Graville) is an abbey located in the city of Le Havre, in the Normandy region of France. The architectural complex was founded in the 11th century and consists of a church, conventual buildings, a refectory, a cloister, a garden, and a cemetery. Nowadays, one of the departments of the Museum of Art and History of Le Havre (Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Havre) is located in the Abbey.

Honorina
Saint Honorina (French: Sainte Honorine) was a 3rd-century virgin martyr of Gallo-Roman northern France, venerated as a saint in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. Believed to have been killed in the first years of the 4th century during the persecutions of Diocletian, very little is known of her life, apart from her reputed martyrdom for maintaining her Christian faith.

She is one of the earliest martyrs of Gaul, still revered in northern France, especially in Normandy and Île-de-France, where there are a number of communes, chapels and churches named for her. The commune of Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, where her relics are kept in the parish church of Saint Maclou, claims her as their patron saint. She is also the patron saint of sailors and boatmen of inland waterways. Prisoners and captives traditionally invoke her name in praying for aid. Her feast day falls on 27 February.
Robin Turner (priest)
Christianity portal

Peter Robin Turner, CB, DL, QHC, AKC (8 March 1942 – 24 October 2023) was a British Anglican priest and military chaplain. From 1995 to 1998, he served as Chaplain-in-Chief, and thereby head of the Royal Air Force Chaplains Branch, and Archdeacon for the Royal Air Force.

Turner was educated at Dulwich College and King's College London. After a curacy in Crediton he served the RAF from 1970 to 1998. He was an Honorary Chaplain to the Queen from 1991 to 1998.

Turner died on 24 October 2023, at the age of 81.

Associateship of King's College
The Associateship of King's College (AKC) award was the degree-equivalent qualification of King's College London from 1833. It is the original qualification that King's awarded to its students. In current practice, it is an optional award, unique to King's College London, that students can study in addition to their degree proper. After successfully completing the AKC course, participants may apply to be elected by the Academic Board of King's College London as an 'Associate of King's College' (AKC). Once their election has been ratified, they are permitted to use the post-nominal letters "AKC" along with their main qualification.
Nura (company)
Nura was a consumer electronics company based in Melbourne, Australia. Nura designed and manufactured headphones with personalized sound technology. Nura's proprietary technology automatically measures the user's hearing sensitivities to different frequencies by monitoring sounds generated from the inner ear. This process takes 1–2 minutes. The headphones then adapt the frequency response to the user's sensitivities, allowing them to hear more detail when listening to music.

In October 2017, Nura launched their debut product, the Nuraphone.

In July 2018, Nura added active noise cancellation to their headphones via a software update.

In April 2023, Nura was acquired by Denon, a part of the Masimo Corporation, to integrate their personalized audio technology into Denon earbuds and headphones. Denon discontinued the sale of Nura-branded products shortly after.

Masimo
Masimo Corporation is an American health technology and consumer electronics company headquartered in Irvine, California. The company develops patient monitoring devices, non-invasive sensors, and related software platforms used in hospital and home settings. Masimo has also operated in the consumer audio and wearable device markets. In 2026, Danaher Corporation agreed to acquire the company for $10 billion.
Aham Sharma
Aham Sharma (born 22 July 1989) is an Indian actor from Salimpur, Bihar, India. Best known for his work in Indian television, he has also featured in several Bollywood films including 1962 My Country Land which premiered at Marche du Film of the 69th Cannes Film Festival.

Sharma's most recognizable TV roles include Karna in Mahabharat (2013–2014), Rishabh Srivastava in Brahmarakshas (2016–2017) and Vikramaditya in Vikram Betaal Ki Rahasya Gatha (2018–2019).

Salimpur
Salempur is a village located at Patna district in Bihar, India. Its distance from the state capital is approximately 40 kilometres. One can reach Salimpur by train and bus via National Highway 31. The population, according to the 2011 census, is 3,223. There is also a small Pond (Pokhar) and also a very old Banyan Tree that has many branches that created a small Jungle.
Daniel P. Reigle
Daniel Peter Reigle (February 19, 1841 – March 19, 1917) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Battle of Cedar Creek fought near Middletown, Virginia on October 19, 1864. The battle was the decisive engagement of Major General Philip Sheridan's Valley Campaigns of 1864 and was the largest battle fought in the Shenandoah Valley.

Valley campaigns of 1864
The Valley campaigns of 1864 began as operations initiated by Union  Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and resulting battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864. Some military historians divide this period into three separate campaigns. This article considers them together, as the campaigns interacted and built upon one another.
Robin Pollard
Professor Robin Pollard is a New Zealand academic who has spent much of his career working in Australia and Malaysia. He was the Vice-Chancellor at Lincoln University (New Zealand) near his home town of Christchurch, New Zealand until March 2018. Previous positions include Deputy Vice-Chancellor at Central Lancashire University and Pro Vice-Chancellor and President of Monash University Malaysia Campus.

Professor Pollard's background is in condensed matter physics, and his doctoral thesis was on Mössbauer spectroscopy. He has also held academic posts in information technology, marketing and chemistry. He has taught at universities in Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States of America and the United Kingdom.

He was part of the first cohort of professors to teach at Monash Malaysia upon its formal opening in 1998, serving as the Foundation Professor and Head of the School of Business and Information Technology.

University of Lancashire
The University of Lancashire is a public university based in the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. It has its roots in The Institution For The Diffusion Of Useful Knowledge, founded in 1828. Previously known as the University of Central Lancashire, Harris Art College, Preston Polytechnic and Lancashire Polytechnic, in 1992 it was granted university status by the Privy Council. The university is the 19th largest in the UK in terms of student numbers.

In December 2024, the university received approval from the Office for Students to change its name to the University of Lancashire, with the rebrand intended to come into effect by September 2025, despite concerns over confusion from the University of Lancaster.