hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolai Bogdanovsky
Nikolai Vasilyevich Bogdanovsky (Russian: Николай Васильевич Богдановский; born on 17 January 1957) is a Russian Ground Forces colonel general who has been the First Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation since 12 June 2014. He commanded the Central Military District from 2012 to 2014, was the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces for Combat Training from 2011 to 2012, commanded the Leningrad Military District from 2009 to 2011, and was the Chief of the Main Staff and First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces from 2008 to 2009.

Colonel general
Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and Generaloberst was a rank above full General, but below Generalfeldmarschall. The rank of colonel general is also used in the armed forces organized along the lines of the Soviet model, where it is comparable to that of a lieutenant general.
Montastruc, Tarn-et-Garonne
Montastruc (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tastʁyk]) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

Note that Montrastruc is not the site of the "Montastruc rock shelter" in which prehistoric remains have been found in Bruniquel.  (These include the carving of the Swimming Reindeer which is held by the British Museum and which was included in A History of the World in 100 Objects and the Mammoth spear thrower.)

Tarn-et-Garonne
Tarn-et-Garonne (French: [taʁn e ɡaʁɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Tarn e Garona [ˈtaɾ e ɣaˈɾunɔ]) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. It is traversed by the rivers Tarn and Garonne, from which it takes its name. The area was originally part of the former provinces of Quercy and Languedoc. The department was created in 1808 under Napoleon, with territory taken from the neighbouring Lot, Haute-Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers and Aveyron departments.

The department is mostly rural with fertile agricultural land in the broad river valley, but there are hilly areas to the south, east and north. The departmental prefecture is Montauban; the sole subprefecture is Castelsarrasin. In 2019, it had a population of 260,669.
Pyramid Saimira
Pyramid Saimira, an Indian multinational entertainment company, operating in 6 countries  was one of the World's fastest growing entertainment group. Its diversified businesses included Exhibition (Theatre), Film and Television Content Production, Distribution, Hospitality, Food & Beverage, Animation and Gaming, Cine Advertising, etc., which has significantly altered the profile of Tamil Nadu cinema, the Tamil film music scene and entertainment industry in India at large. Its founder and CEO died on 28 Jun 2019 due to diabetics related illness.

Film distributor
A film distributor is a person responsible for the marketing of a film. The distribution company may be the same as, or different from, the production company. Distribution deals are an important part of financing a film.

The distributor may set the release date of a film and the method by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing; for example, directly to the public either theatrically or for home viewing (DVD, video-on-demand, download, television programs through broadcast syndication etc.). A distributor may do this directly, if the distributor owns the theaters or film distribution networks, or through theatrical exhibitors and other sub-distributors. A limited distributor may deal only with particular products, such as DVDs or Blu-ray, or may act in a particular country or market. The primary distributor will often receive credit in the film's credits, one sheet or other marketing material.
Polytrichastrum formosum
Polytrichastrum formosum, commonly known as the bank haircap moss, is a species of moss belonging to the family Polytrichaceae.

It has a cosmopolitan distribution, found mostly in temperate latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and especially dominant in Europe and North America. However, it has also been identified in India, China, Nepal, Japan, Algeria, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Turkey, Syria, and the Atlantic islands (i.e. Iceland).

This species was previously called Polytrichum formosum but has been reclassified as Polytrichastrum formosum due to distinct sporangial features. Recent molecular studies suggest that it should be moved back to its original genus (Polytrichum), however bryologists have not yet reached a consensus.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Xrobb l-Għaġin Tower
Xrobb l-Għaġin Tower (Maltese: Torri ta' Xrobb l-Għaġin), originally known as Torre di Siuarep, is a ruined watchtower in Xrobb l-Għaġin, limits of Marsaxlokk, Malta. It was built in 1659 as the eighth of the De Redin towers. An entrenchment with two redans was built around it in 1761. The tower is now largely destroyed since it was built of globigerina limestone which is prone to erosion. The remains of the tower's scarped base, as well as the general outline of the entrenchment, can still be seen.

Redan
Redan (a French word for "projection", "salient") is a feature of fortifications. It is a work in a V-shaped salient angle towards an expected attack. It can be made from earthworks or other material.

The redan developed from the lunette, originally a half-moon-shaped outwork; with shorter flanks it became a redan.
Empress Yan (Li Shou's wife)
Empress Yan (Chinese: 閻皇后; personal name unknown) was an empress of the Di-led Cheng-Han dynasty of China. Her husband was Li Shou (Emperor Zhaowen). When Li Shou, after a coup, took over the throne from his cousin and the founding emperor Li Xiong (Emperor Wu)'s son Li Qi, he created her empress in 338. They had at least one son—the crown prince Li Shi, who succeeded Li Shou after Li Shou's death in 343. Li Shi honored her as empress dowager. Nothing else is recorded about her, and it is not known whether she survived to the destruction of the empire by Eastern Jin forces in 347.

Li Xiong
Li Xiong (李雄) (274 – 11 August 334), courtesy name Zhongjuan (仲雋), also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Wu of Cheng (Han) (成(漢)武帝), was the first emperor of the Ba-Di-led Cheng-Han dynasty and commonly regarded as its founder (although some historians date Cheng-Han's founding to Li Xiong's father Li Te). Li Xiong's declaration of himself as the Prince of Chengdu in late 304 (and thus independence from the Jin dynasty, Sima Ying being the Jin-sanctioned Prince of Chengdu) is commonly regarded as the start of the Sixteen Kingdoms era. The Book of Jin describes Li Xiong as a beautiful-looking and courageous man who was over two meters tall.
Valdres District Court
Valdres District Court (Norwegian: Valdres tingrett) was a district court in Innlandet county, Norway. The court was based in Fagernes. The court existed from 1786 until 2021. It served the municipalities of Etnedal, Nord-Aurdal, Sør-Aurdal, Vang, Vestre Slidre and Øystre Slidre. Cases from this court could be appealed to Eidsivating Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Vang Municipality
Vang is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Valdres. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vang i Valdres. Other villages in Vang include Hensgardane, Nystuen, Øye, Ryfoss, and Tyinkrysset.

The 1,504.84-square-kilometre (581.02 sq mi) municipality is the 55th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vang Municipality is the 299th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,648. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.7% over the previous 10-year period.
2024 BAUHAUS-galan
The 2024 BAUHAUS-galan was the 58th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Stockholm, Sweden. Held on 2 June at Stockholm Olympic Stadium, it was the seventh leg of the 2024 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit.

Stockholm Olympic Stadium
Stockholm Olympic Stadium (Swedish: Stockholms Olympiastadion), most often called Stockholms stadion or (especially locally) simply Stadion, is a stadium in Stockholm, Sweden. Designed by architect Torben Grut, it was opened in 1912; its original use was as a venue for the 1912 Olympic Games. At the 1912 Games, it hosted athletics, some equestrian and football matches, gymnastics, the running part of the modern pentathlon, tug of war, and wrestling events. It has a capacity of 13,145–14,500 depending on usage and a capacity of nearly 33,000 for concerts.
R68A (New York City Subway car)
The R68A is a B Division New York City Subway car order consisting of 200 cars built between 1988 and 1989 by Kawasaki Railcar Company in Kobe, Japan, with final assembly done at the Kawasaki plant in Yonkers, New York. A total of 200 cars were built, arranged in four-car sets.

The R68A was the fourth and final R-type contract to be built with 75-foot (22.86 m) cars (the previous three being the R44, R46, and R68). The contract had been given to Kawasaki because the manufacturers of the base R68 order, the joint venture Westinghouse-Amrail Company, had experienced significant integration issues that led to performance problems with the R68s. The first R68A train entered service on May 18, 1988. The R68As are scheduled to remain in service until at least 2025–2030.

Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with the generic term "railroad car" or "railway car"), or motor car is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The "self-propelled railcar" refers to a railway train consisting of a single coach (or carriage, car, unit), with a driver's cab at one or both ends. In its simplest form, a "railcar" may also be little more than a railbus or motorized draisine.

Self-powered railcars were once common in North America; these "motor cars" were often called doodlebugs. Some railway companies, such as the Great Western, termed such vehicles "railmotors" (or "rail motors"). Self-propelled passenger vehicles also capable of hauling a train are, in technical rail usage, usually called "rail motor coaches".
2020 Oceania Cup (rugby league)
The 2020 Oceania Cup was to be the second edition of the Oceania Cup. The competition was scheduled to begin in June and conclude in November, but has since been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The competition would have split six competing nations into two tiered pools. Pool A would have consisted of New Zealand, Tonga, and Fiji, who earned promotion by winning Pool B in 2019, and replaced Australia, who were scheduled to tour the Northern Hemisphere. The Cook Islands were to join Pool B for the first time, alongside Papua New Guinea and Samoa.

Samoa national rugby league team
The Samoa national rugby league team represents Samoa in rugby league football and has participated in international competition since 1986. Known as Western Samoa before 1997, the team is administered by Rugby League Samoa and are nicknamed Toa Samoa (English: Samoan Warriors).
Yves Colleu
Yves Colleu (born 29 January 1961) is a French former footballer who played as a midfielder. He played in Division 1 for Saint-Étienne and Tours and in Division 2 for Angoulême and Quimper. He managed Rennes in 1996–97, and served as assistant manager to Paul Le Guen at Rennes, Lyon, Scottish Premier League club Rangers, and the Cameroon and Oman national teams.

Quimper Kerfeunteun FC
Quimper Kerfeunteun Football Club, commonly known as Quimper, is a French football team from the city of Quimper, Finistère, who play in the Brittany Football League of the Régional 1, the sixth division of French football. The team used to be known as Stade Quimpérois.
Craig interpolation
In mathematical logic, Craig's interpolation theorem is a result about the relationship between different logical theories. Roughly stated, the theorem says that if a formula φ implies a formula ψ, and the two have at least one atomic variable symbol in common, then there is a formula ρ, called an interpolant, such that every non-logical symbol in ρ occurs both in φ and ψ, φ implies ρ, and ρ implies ψ. The theorem was first proved for first-order logic by William Craig in 1957. Variants of the theorem hold for other logics, such as propositional logic. A stronger form of Craig's interpolation theorem for first-order logic was proved by Roger Lyndon in 1959; the overall result is sometimes called the Craig–Lyndon theorem.

Theory (mathematical logic)
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, giving rise to a formal system that combines the language with deduction rules. An element  of a deductively closed theory  is then called a theorem of the theory. In many deductive systems there is usually a subset  that is called "the set of axioms" of the theory , in which case the deductive system is also called an "axiomatic system". By definition, every axiom is automatically a theorem. A first-order theory is a set of first-order sentences (theorems) recursively obtained by the inference rules of the system applied to the set of axioms.
The Steepwater Band
The Steepwater Band is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1998 by the trio of Jeff Massey (guitars and vocals), Joe Winters (drums), and Tod Bowers (bass). The band took their name from a cargo vessel that Massey sighted in a port on Lake Michigan.

The Georgia Satellites
The Georgia Satellites is an American Southern rock band from Atlanta, Georgia. They achieved mainstream success with their 1986 self-titled debut album, featuring their best-known single "Keep Your Hands to Yourself," which peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100. Two more albums followed – Open All Night (1988) and the band's last to feature original material In the Land of Salvation and Sin (1989) – before they went on hiatus in 1990.

The Georgia Satellites resurfaced in 1993 and continued to perform live. A 1996 studio album, Shaken Not Stirred, included re-recordings of the band's older material, in addition to eight new songs. They have experienced numerous lineup changes in their career, with lead guitarist and vocalist Rick Richards as the only constant member. Their current lineup includes Richards, drummer Todd Johnston, lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Fred McNeal, and bassist Bruce Smith.
Carmo da Mata
Carmo da Mata is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil.

The municipality contained the 86 hectares (210 acres) Carmo da Mata Biological Reserve.
An audit in 2012 stated that some biological reserves created in 1974 on state-owned land no longer qualified as conservation units. These included Carmo da Mata, Colônia 31 de Março and others.

Southeast Region, Brazil
The Southeast Region of Brazil (Portuguese: Região Sudeste do Brasil, pronounced [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w suˈdɛstʃi du bɾaˈziw]) is composed of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 53% of the Brazilian GDP (2022), as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais are the three richest states of Brazil, the top three Brazilian states in terms of GDP. The Southeast of Brazil also has the highest GDP per capita among all Brazilian regions.

The Southeast region accounts for about 44% of Brazil's total population, leading the country in population, urban population, population density, vehicles, industries, universities, airports, ports, highways, hospitals, schools, houses and many other areas.
Henry Merrill
Henry Merrill (also spelled "Merrell") (August 7, 1804 – May 5, 1876) was an American merchant and pioneer of the U.S. state of Wisconsin.  He was a member of the first session of the Wisconsin State Senate in 1848.  His former home in Portage, Wisconsin, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  Late in life, he wrote an essay of pioneer life in Wisconsin for the Wisconsin Historical Society.

Wisconsin Historical Society
The Wisconsin Historical Society (officially the State Historical Society of Wisconsin) is simultaneously a state agency and a private membership organization whose purpose is to maintain, promote and spread knowledge relating to the history of North America, with an emphasis on the state of Wisconsin and the trans-Allegheny West. Founded in 1846 and chartered in 1853, it is the oldest historical society in the United States to receive continuous public funding. The society's headquarters are located in Madison, Wisconsin, on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Daniel Sylvander
Daniel Sylwander (born September 23, 1992) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Tingsryds AIF of the Swedish HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv).

Daniel Sylwander made his SHL debut playing with Rögle BK during the 2012–13 Elitserien season.

Rögle BK
Rögle BK (Rögle Bandyklubb) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Ängelholm that has been playing in the SHL since the 2015–16 season. Rögle has previously played in the SHL (previously named Elitserien) in 1992–1996, 2008–2010, and briefly in 2012–13.

They won the Champions Hockey League in 2022.
Ulmus 'Clusius'
Ulmus 'Clusius'  is a Dutch hybrid elm cultivar raised at the Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning, Wageningen, as clone 568 and released to commerce in 1983. 'Clusius' was derived from a crossing of the same Dutch clones that produced the fastigiate 'Lobel' released in 1973: '202' ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) and '336' ('Bea Schwarz' selfed).

Wageningen
Wageningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːɣənɪŋə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a historic city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specialises in life sciences. The municipality had a population of 39,635 in 2021, of which many thousands are students from over 150 countries.
Hamid Rahmouni
Hamid Rahmouni (born 22 October 1967) is an Algerian former footballer who played as a forward. He made 18 appearances for the Algeria national team from 1989 to 1999, scoring twice. He was also named in Algeria's squad for the 1990 African Cup of Nations.

1990 African Cup of Nations
The 1990 African Cup of Nations was the 17th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Algeria. Just like in 1988, the field of eight teams was split into two groups of four. Algeria won its first championship, beating Nigeria in the final 1–0.
United States national wheelchair rugby team
The United States national wheelchair rugby team represents the United States in international wheelchair rugby. The USA is the most successful team in international competition, winning medals in all five Paralympic tournaments it has entered, coming away with two golds.

Jason Regier
Jason Regier (born 1975) is an American Paralympic wheelchair rugby player and eight-time gold medalist from Denver, Colorado. In 2005, he participated at the IWAS World Games where he won a gold medal and next year won three more at the North American Cup, Canada Cup and World championships. After the 2008 North American Cup where he won silver for the first time, he continued winning gold ever since at various championships until 2012 Summer Paralympics where he won his first bronze. Jason is a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon as an undergraduate at Oregon State University.  He also has a master's degree in business administration and marketing from University of Colorado.
Graham Field (stadium)
33°01′37″N 96°51′01″W﻿ / ﻿33.0269°N 96.8503°W﻿ / 33.0269; -96.8503
Graham Field is a baseball park located on the campus of Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano, Texas, and was the home of the TCL Plano Blue Sox for the 2006 season. The team was one of the original members of the Texas Collegiate League as the Highland Park Blue Sox in 2004 and 2005 before moving to Plano. The main tenants of Graham Field are the Prestonwood Christian Academy Lions baseball team.

Texas Collegiate League
The Texas Collegiate League (TCL) is a collegiate summer baseball league made up of teams from the states of Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma. The league's headquarters are in Coppell, Texas. Uri Geva, owner of the Brazos Valley Bombers, is the league's president.
Lucjanów, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Lucjanów [lut͡sˈjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żelechlinek, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Żelechlinek, 23 km (14 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 44 km (27 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
Dreaming (1944 British film)
Dreaming is a 1944 British comedy film directed by John Baxter and starring Bud Flanagan, Chesney Allen and Hazel Court. Its plot concerns a soldier who is knocked unconscious during a train journey and has a series of bizarre dreams.

In 1944, Decca Records released a recording of Flanagan and Allen singing Dreaming, the title song from the film.

The film's sets were designed by Duncan Sutherland.

John Baxter (director)
John Philip Baxter (31 December 1896 – 21 January 1975) was a British filmmaker active from the 1930s to the late-1950s. During that time, he produced, wrote, or directed several films. He directed Deborah Kerr in her first leading role in Love on the Dole (1941), and was the producer-director for the musical-comedy films of Flanagan and Allen during World War II. He was one of the leading directors for British National Pictures.