hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miss Charity
Miss Charity is a 1921 British silent romance film directed by Edwin J. Collins and starring Margery Meadows, Dick Webb and Joan Lockton. It was based on the 1908 novel by Keble Howard, who praised the final film.

Keble Howard
Keble Howard was the pen name of John Keble Bell (8 June 1875 – 29 March 1928). He was an English writer and journalist, who wrote a large number of novels, short stories, sketches and plays, mainly light comic pieces, often depicting suburban life. One contemporary literary commentator described Howard as "a highly successful novelist and a moderately successful playwright".
2005 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2005 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 1–5, 2005, at campus sites. The tournament was won by the Winthrop Eagles, their first of what would become four consecutive titles, led by head coach Gregg Marshall. They defeated the #7 Charleston Southern Buccaneers in the championship game 68–46.

Big South Conference
The Big South Conference is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division I. Originally a non-football conference, the Big South began sponsoring football in 2002 as part of the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), and began operating the OVC–Big South Football Association in partnership with the Ohio Valley Conference in 2023. The Big South, founded in 1983, is firmly rooted in the South Atlantic region of the United States, with full member institutions located in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Associate members are located in Georgia and South Carolina.
Walter Zeman
Walter Zeman (1 May 1927 - 8 August 1991) was an Austrian football goalkeeper and an integral part of the second Austrian Wunderteam of the 1950s.

Zeman began his youth career at local club SV Wienerberger, but he soon moved on to FC Vienna. In 1945 Zeman joined Rapid Vienna and also won his first cap for the Austria national football team. With Rapid, Zeman won eight Austrian league championships, one Austrian Cup, and the 1951 Zentropa Cup.

For the national side Zeman competed at the 1954 FIFA World Cup in which Austria progressed to the semi-finals before being defeated by West Germany. In total Zeman won 41 caps for Austria, and is often regarded as Austria's second greatest keeper after Rudi Hiden. Throughout his career, he earned the nicknames the Tiger of Budapest and the Panther of Glasgow, for his international performances. He was named Austria's Sportsman of the Year in 1950, and was included in the FIFA World XI in 1953, and also

Austrian Sports Personality of the Year
The Austrian Sports Personality of the Year (German: Sportler des Jahres) is chosen annually since 1949. Recordholders are Annemarie Moser-Pröll (seven awards) and Marcel Hirscher (six awards). In 1978 and 1979 the Austria national football team was named Austrian Sports Team of the Year. Since 1990 this prize is included in the annual election.
Scottdale Giants
The Scottdale Giants were a minor league baseball, based in Scottdale, Pennsylvania in 1907. That season the team was a member of the Western Pennsylvania League. However to begin the 1908 season, they were renamed the Scottdale Millers and moved into the Pennsylvania–West Virginia League. During the 1908 season, the team relocated to Grafton, West Virginia and became the Grafton Wanderers.

Grafton, West Virginia
Grafton is a city in Taylor County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 4,729 at the 2020 census. Located along the Tygart Valley River, it originally developed as a junction point for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, serving numerous branches of a network that was vital to the regional coal industry.

Grafton is the home of both of West Virginia's national cemeteries, and was where the West Virginia Equal Suffrage Association formed in 1895. Mother's Day was founded in Grafton on May 10, 1908, and the city is home to the International Mother's Day Shrine. Grafton was also among the first cities in the United States to observe Memorial Day.
Henrietta Maria Gulliver
Henrietta Maria Gulliver (29 October 1866 – 15 July 1945) was an Australian artist who specialized in landscape and floral still-life paintings. She was also a florist, horticulturalist and landscape designer.

Landscape design
Landscape design is an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practiced by landscape designers, combining  nature and  culture.  In contemporary practice, landscape design bridges the space between landscape architecture and garden design.
Eglin (surname)
Eglin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Eglin (1925–2013), South African politician

Fredrick I. Eglin (1891–1937), career officer in the United States Army Air Service and United States Army Air Corps

Manfred Eglin (1935–2001), German footballer

Manfred Eglin
Manfred Eglin (10 October 1935 – 10 August 2001) was a German footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Born in Karlsruhe, Eglin played for Karlsruher FV and Stuttgarter Kickers, and represented Germany in the 1956 Summer Olympics.
SCCY CPX-1
The SCCY CPX-1 is a hammer-fired, polymer frame double action only (DAO) semiautomatic pistol chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum. The CPX-1 is a compact firearm that feeds from a staggered column, removable magazine. The pistol is manufactured by SCCY Industries, LLC in Daytona Beach, Florida.

9×19mm Parabellum
The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge.

Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive availability.

Since the cartridge was designed for the Luger semi-automatic pistol, it has been given the designation of 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) and the Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (CIP).

A 2007 US survey concluded that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mm [Parabellum]" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers.
Jhabua nuns rape case
The Jhabua nuns rape case refers to the gang rape of four nuns in the Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh in India on September 23, 1998, by tribal men. Around 18-26 men barged their way into the Ashram where the nuns lived and ransacked the entire ashram and some of the men gang raped the nuns.

Gang rape
In scholarly literature and criminology, gang rape, also called serial gang rape, party rape, group rape, or multiple perpetrator rape, is the rape of a single victim by two or more violators. Gang rapes are forged on shared identity, religion, ethnic group, or race. There are multiple motives for serial gang rapes, such as for sexual entitlement, asserting sexual prowess,  or punishment.

Gang rapes often occur during warfare, ethnic cleansing, and genocide.
Bra cheese
The Italian cheese Bra originates from the town of Bra, in province of Cuneo, in the region of Piedmont.

Production of Bra may take place all year, but it may only legally take place within the province of Cuneo. However, aging may also take place in Villafranca, in province of Turin.

The cheese may use either unpasteurized or pasteurized milk, often entirely cow's milk, but goat's or sheep's milk may be added in small amounts. It may be served as a soft or hard cheese, depending on the length of aging, from at least 45 days for soft cheese, to six months for hard cheese.

Bra has PDO status under European Union law.

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Villafranca Piemonte
Villafranca Piemonte is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 km southwest of Turin.

Villafranca Piemonte borders the following municipalities: Vigone, Pancalieri, Cavour, Faule, Moretta, Barge, and Cardè.
Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002
The Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002 (NSW) is an Act of the Parliament of New South Wales which governs the exercise of specific police powers in New South Wales. It

The Act contains nineteen parts which either reinforce the common law, relocate existing sections from other Acts or establish new powers and safeguards. Since its implementation, the Act has been subject to many amendments, but the majority of critical legal discussion has concerned those that occurred in 2009, 2013 and 2014. In the media, there has been controversy surrounding the Act's provisions relating to the power of police to conduct searches, as well as what constitutes reasonable use of force.

Parliament of New South Wales
The Parliament of New South Wales, formally the Legislature of New South Wales, is the bicameral legislative body of the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). It consists of the Monarch, the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (lower house) and the New South Wales Legislative Council (upper house). Each house is directly elected by the people of New South Wales at elections held approximately every four years. The legislative authority of the parliament derives from section 5 of the Constitution Act 1902 (NSW). The power to make laws that apply to New South Wales is shared with the Federal (or Commonwealth) Parliament. The houses of the New South Wales Parliament follow the Westminster parliamentary traditions, green and red chamber colours and protocols for the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council, respectively. The houses of the legislature are located in Parliament House on Macquarie Street in Sydney.
Pierre-Charles Simart
Pierre-Charles Simart (born in Troyes on 27 June 1806, died in Paris on 27 May 1857) was a French sculptor.

The son of a carpenter from Troyes in Champagne, Simart was the pupil of Antoine Desbœuf, Charles Dupaty, Jean-Pierre Cortot and James Pradier. In 1833, he won the first Prix de Rome for sculpture with a relief Le Vieillard et les enfants.

He was an elected member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1852.

Académie des Beaux-Arts
The Académie des Beaux-Arts (French pronunciation: [akademi de boz‿aʁ]; lit. 'Academy of Fine Arts') is a French learned society based in Paris. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France. As of 2025, the president of the academy is Coline Serreau, a French actress and film director.
Temple Israel (Westport, Connecticut)
Temple Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 14 Coleytown Road, in Westport, Connecticut, in the United States. The congregation was founded in 1948 and the temple was dedicated in May 1959. Currently, about 1050 families are members of the community.

Westport, Connecticut
Westport is a town in the Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. Located in the Gold Coast along the Long Island Sound, it is 48 miles (77 km) northeast of New York City and is part of the Western Connecticut Planning Region.
Purwodadi Botanical Garden
Purwodadi Botanic Garden is a research centre in Purwodadi, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia. It has an area of 85 hectares (210 acres) and more than 10,000 types of trees and many plant collections. Callus cultures of Agave amaniensis by Setia Dewi were taken in 1988.

Callus (cell biology)
Plant callus (plural calluses or calli) is a growing mass of unorganized plant parenchyma cells. In living plants, callus cells are those cells that cover a plant wound. In biological research and biotechnology callus formation is induced from plant tissue samples (explants) after surface sterilization and plating onto tissue culture medium in vitro (in a closed culture vessel such as a Petri dish).    The culture medium is supplemented with plant growth regulators, such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin, to initiate callus formation or somatic embryogenesis.  Callus initiation has been described for all major groups of land plants.
Ypsolopha parenthesella
Ypsolopha parenthesella is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is found from Europe to Japan, as well as north-eastern China, Asia Minor and mideast Asia.

The wingspan is 16–20 mm.Head white or ochreous-whitish. Forewings pale or rather deep golden-ochreous, with scattered blackish strigulae, sometimes much suffused with dark bronzy-fuscous; usually a white longitudinal blotch extending along or beneath basal half of costa; a blackish dot above tornus, and another at apex.Hindwings grey.Larva yellowish-green; subdorsal line slender, yellowish; dots black; head brownish. It is a variable species, especially in wing pattern and colour.

Adults are on wing from August to September.
The larvae feed on various trees, including Quercus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Populus, Carpinus (including Carpinus betulus), Crataegus, Malus, Betula and Corylus avellana.

Fraxinus
Fraxinus (/ˈfræksɪnəs/), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous (dropping their leaves in autumn), although some subtropical species are evergreen. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North America.

The leaves are usually opposite, and mostly pinnately compound (divided into leaflets in a feather-like arrangement). The seeds, known as "keys", are botanically fruits of the type called samara. Some species are dioecious, having male and female flowers on separate plants.

Ash wood is strong and elastic, and used for the handles of tools. Musical instrument makers use it for electric guitars and for drum shells. The Morgan Motor Company makes the frames of sports cars from ash wood. In Greek mythology, the Meliae were the nymphs of ash trees.
Lauren Child
Lauren Margot Peachy Child CBE (born Helen Child; 29 November 1965) is an English children's author and illustrator. She is best known for the Charlie and Lola picture book series. Her influences include E. H. Shepard, Quentin Blake, Carl Larsson, and Ludwig Bemelmans.

Child introduced Charlie and Lola in 2000 with I Will Not Ever Never Eat A Tomato and won the annual Kate Greenaway Medal from the Library Association for the year's most "distinguished illustration in a book for children". For the 50th anniversary of the Medal (1955–2005), a panel named it one of the top ten winning works, which comprised the shortlist for a public vote for the nation's favourite. It finished third in the public vote from that shortlist.

Carl Larsson
Carl Olof Larsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈkɑːɭ ˈlɑ̌ːʂɔn] ⓘ; 28 May 1853 – 22 January 1919) was a Swedish painter representative of the Arts and Crafts movement. His many paintings include oils, watercolors, and frescoes. He is principally known for his watercolors of idyllic family life. He considered his finest work to be Midvinterblot (Midwinter Sacrifice), a large painting now displayed inside the Swedish National Museum of Fine Arts.
Heygate Estate
The Heygate Estate was a large housing estate in Walworth, Southwark, South London, comprising 1,214 homes. The estate was demolished between 2011 and 2014 as part of the urban regeneration of the Elephant & Castle area. Home to more than 3,000 people, it was situated adjacent to Walworth Road and New Kent Road, and immediately east of the Elephant & Castle road intersection. The estate was used extensively as a filming location, due in part to its brutalist architecture.

The clearance of the site and its sale to Lendlease for redevelopment was highly controversial.

Urban renewal
Urban renewal, also known as urban regeneration or urban redevelopment, is a set of government or private initiatives aimed at addressing urban decay, upgrading infrastructure, and revitalizing city neighborhoods. Typically, urban renewal involves clearing "blighted" areas, followed by new construction for housing, businesses, and public spaces. While such projects can modernize cities and stimulate economic growth, they are controversial due to frequent displacement of low-income and minority communities, a process known as gentrification.
Dactyl Joust
Dactyl Joust is an unreleased action-platform video game that was in development by High Voltage Software and planned to be published by Atari Corporation on a scheduled November 1995 release date exclusively for both the Atari Jaguar and the Atari Jaguar CD add-on. It was intended to be a remake of John Newcomer's 1982 arcade game Joust, where players take control of a knight riding a pterodactyl, instead of a flying ostrich, on a first-person perspective battling and defeating groups of enemy knights riding dactyls. The game formed part of a partnership deal between Atari Corp. and Williams Entertainment that included plans to update and release some of the latter's early arcade games for the Jaguar platform.

High Voltage Software
High Voltage Software, Inc. (HVS) is an American video game developer based in Hoffman Estates, Illinois. Founded in April 1993 by Kerry J. Ganofsky, the company is best known for developing Lego Racers (1999), Hunter: The Reckoning (2002) and The Conduit (2009).
Wanda L. Bass
Wanda L. Bass (January 5, 1927 – February 12, 2008) was an American philanthropist and banker. Bass donated most of the $38.5 million for the Wanda L. Bass School of Music at Oklahoma City University. In addition, she gave a separate $2.1 million gift to purchase 105 Steinway pianos. Bass was noted for her donations of time and money to the McAlester Public Schools and numerous other causes in Oklahoma.

Oklahoma City University
Oklahoma City University (OCU) is a private university historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church and located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States.

The university offers undergraduate bachelor's degrees, graduate master's degrees and doctoral degrees, and is organized into eight colleges and schools and one Methodist seminary. More than 70 undergraduate majors are offered, as well as 20 graduate degrees, including a JD, MBA, and PhD in Nursing. An Adult Studies Program for working adults offers a Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Arts degree. The university has approximately 3,000 students, including 1,200 graduate students. The official school and athletic colors are blue and white.
Rheinwald
The Rheinwald (from Latin Rheni vallis meaning "Rhine Valley"; Romansh: Valrain) is a valley in the Canton of Grisons in Switzerland, the first section of the Hinterrhein valley. The river Hinterrhein flows through three valleys in the Grisons, the Rheinwald, the Schams and the Domleschg.

Domleschg
Domleschg is a municipality in the Viamala Region in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.  On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Almens, Paspels, Pratval, Rodels and Tomils merged to form the new municipality of Domleschg.
February 1971 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Wednesday, February 10, 1971, with an umbral magnitude of 1.3082. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 2.8 days before apogee (on February 13, 1971, at 2:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Guo Weicheng
Guo Weicheng (simplified Chinese: 郭维城; traditional Chinese: 郭維城; pinyin: Guō Wéichéng) (1912 – January 1, 1995) was a major general of the People's Liberation Army, a politician of the People's Republic of China, and a former Minister of Railways of China.

Belonging to Manchu people, Guo was born in Yi County, Liaoning, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1933. He graduated from the Department of Politics at Fudan University in Shanghai and obtained a bachelor's degree of law. Guo served as a key secretary to Zhang Xueliang.

Guo attained the rank of major general in 1955.

Ministry of Railways (China)
The Ministry of Railways (MOR) was a constituent department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

The ministry was responsible for passenger services, regulation of the rail industry, development of the rail network and rail infrastructure in mainland China. The ministry was also in charge of the operations of China Railway which manages the railway bureaux and companies in mainland China.

On 10 March 2013, it was announced that the Ministry would be dissolved and its duties taken up by the Ministry of Transport (safety and regulation), National Railway Administration (inspection) and China Railway Corporation (construction and management), in part addressing concerns about calls for independent supervision of the rail industry. It was dissolved that year.
Denver Post Tournament
The Denver Post Tournament was organized in the 1920s to be "the World Series of semi-pro baseball." The event was sponsored by the Denver Post and featured ten invited teams. In 1934, Negro league players began to participate, starting with the Kansas City Monarchs and the Denver White Elephants.

The tournament ended in the 1940s.

Kansas City Monarchs
The Kansas City Monarchs were the longest-running franchise in the history of baseball's Negro leagues. Operating in Kansas City, Missouri, and owned by J. L. Wilkinson, they were charter members of the Negro National League from 1920 to 1930. Wilkinson was the first white owner at the time of the establishment of the team. In 1930, the Monarchs became the first professional baseball team to use a portable lighting system which was transported from game to game in trucks to play games at night, five years before any Major League Baseball team did. The Monarchs won ten league championships before integration, and triumphed in the first Negro World Series in 1924. The Monarchs had only one season in which they did not have a winning record and produced more major league players than any other Negro league franchise. After relocating to Grand Rapids, Michigan, the team was disbanded in 1965.
Subphylum
In zoological nomenclature, a subphylum is a taxonomic rank below the rank of phylum.

The taxonomic rank of "subdivision" in fungi and plant taxonomy is equivalent to "subphylum" in zoological taxonomy. Some plant taxonomists have also used the rank of subphylum, for instance monocotyledons as a subphylum of phylum Angiospermae and vertebrates as a subphylum of phylum Chordata.

Plant taxonomy
Plant taxonomy is the science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names plants. It is one of the main branches of taxonomy—the science that finds, describes, classifies, and names living organisms.

Plant taxonomy is closely allied to plant systematics, and there is no sharp boundary between the two. In practice, "plant systematics" involves relationships between plants and their evolution, especially at the higher levels, whereas "plant taxonomy" deals with the actual handling of plant specimens. The precise relationship between taxonomy and systematics, however, has changed along with the goals and methods employed.

Plant taxonomy is well known for being turbulent, and traditionally not having any close agreement on circumscription and placement of taxa. See the list of systems of plant taxonomy.