hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Politics of Guizhou
The politics of Guizhou in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

The Governor of Guizhou is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Guizhou. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Guizhou Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Guizhou CCP Party Chief".

Sun Zhigang
Sun Zhigang (Chinese: 孙志刚; born 30 May 1954) is a former Chinese politician who was Party Secretary of Guizhou. He was formerly mayor of Yichang, the secretary-general of the Hubei party committee under Yu Zhengsheng, the Vice Governor of Anhui province, and chief of the national office for health care reform.
Don Catalino Rodriguez Ancestral House
Don Catalino Rodriguez Ancestral House, also known as Villa Sariaya, is one of the three designate heritage houses by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines in Sariaya, Quezon. It was owned by Don Catalino Rodriguez, Sariaya’s town Presidente (Mayor during the American occupation period) from 1908 to 1909. The house occupies an entire block near the church park. Its main entrance faces south along Calle Daliz and is bounded by Calle Rizal on the west and Quezon Avenue (formerly Calle Talavera) on the east. This house has already been converted into a museum.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."
Sven B. F. Jansson
Sven Birger Fredrik Jansson  (1906–1987) was a foreign lecturer 1933–39 at universities such as Reykjavik, antiquarian at the Swedish National Heritage Board (1947–55), professor of Runology at Stockholm University (1955–66) and National Antiquarian (1966–72).

University of Iceland
The University of Iceland (Icelandic: Háskóli Íslands [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around Suðurgata, a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside.
Portuguese Environment Agency
The Portuguese Environment Agency (APA, Portuguese: Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente) is a public institute within the scope of the Portuguese Ministry of the Environment, responsible for the implementation of environmental policies in Portugal. It was created in 2012 from the merger of several environment and hydrography-related institutions and commissions.

Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection.
Draganov
Draganov is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Dragomir Draganov (footballer) (born 1981), Bulgarian footballer

Dragomir Draganov (historian) (1948-2019), Bulgarian historian and politician

Pyotr Draganov (1857–1928), Russian philologist

Stefan Draganov (born 1966), former Bulgarian footballer

Traicho Draganov, Bulgarian sprint canoer

Draganov (rapper) (born 1995), Moroccan rapper

Traicho Draganov
Traicho Draganov (Bulgarian: Трайчо Драганов) is a Bulgarian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He won two bronze medals at the 1990 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Poznań, earning them in the C-4 500 m and C-4 1000 m events, and one bronze medal at the 1991 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Paris, earning them in C-4 1000 m events.
Tritan copolyester
Tritan, a copolymer offered by the Eastman Chemical Company since 2007, is a transparent plastic intended to replace polycarbonate, because of health concerns about Bisphenol A (BPA). Tritan is a copolymer made from three monomers: dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), and 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO). Tritan or Poly Cyclohexylenedimethylene Terephthalate Glyco (PCTG) is made without using any bisphenols or phthalates.

Compared to similar resins, Eastman claims Tritan has improved resistance to heat and chemicals, with less degradation in conditions such as dishwashing, microwaving, and when used with hot beverages.

In April 2008, Nalgene announced it would phase out production of its outdoor line of polycarbonate containers containing the chemical bisphenol A. Nalgene now uses Tritan as a replacement for polycarbonate, as it does not contain BPA.

Cyclohexanedimethanol
Cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) is a mixture of isomeric organic compounds with formula C6H10(CH2OH)2. It is a colorless low-melting solid used in the production of polyester resins.  Commercial samples consist of a mixture of cis and trans isomers.  It is a di-substituted derivative of cyclohexane and is classified as a diol, meaning that it has two OH functional groups.  Commercial CHDM typically has a cis/trans ratio of 30:70.
Mount Barren
Mount Barren (54°10′S 36°45′W﻿ / ﻿54.167°S 36.750°W﻿ / -54.167; -36.750) is a mountain, 645 metres (2,120 ft) high, standing west of Husvik Harbour on the north coast of South Georgia. Its name is descriptive, and was probably given by the Discovery Investigations in 1926–30. Mount Barren lies 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) north of McIlroy Peak named after British surgeon Dr. James McIlroy (surgeon).

Discovery Investigations
The Discovery Investigations were a series of scientific cruises and shore-based investigations into the biology of whales in the Southern Ocean. They were funded by the British Colonial Office and organised by the Discovery Committee in London, which was formed in 1918. They were intended to provide the scientific background to stock management of the commercial Antarctic whale fishery.

Discovery Investigations contributed greatly to knowledge of the whales, the krill they fed on and their habitat's oceanography, while charting the local topography, including Atherton Peak. They continued until 1951, with the final report published in 1980.

Collected specimens are in the Discovery Collections.
Ministry of Rural Development (Bolivia)
The Ministry of Rural Development and Lands (Spanish: Ministerio de Desarrollo Rural y Tierras) is a Bolivian government ministry in charge of rural development. The current minister is Edwin Ronald Characayo. The Ministry has three two child agencies: Agricultural Development and Coca and Integral Development.

Politics of Bolivia
The politics of Bolivia takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president is head of state, head of government and head of a diverse multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament. Both the Judiciary and the electoral branch are independent of the executive and the legislature. After the 2014 Bolivian general election, 53.1% of the seats in national parliament were held by women, a higher proportion of women than that of the population.
Key Art Awards 2006
The Key Art Awards were an annual collection of honors given for outstanding achievement in artwork and other promotional materials advertising movies. The awards are sponsored by The Hollywood Reporter, a trade paper published for the entertainment production community.

The 36th Key Art Awards:

Trade magazine
A trade magazine, also called a business-to-business magazine, trade journal, or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this area of publishing is the trade press.
Zeynel Abidin Mosque Complex
Zeynel Abiddin Mosque Complex  (Turkish: Zeynel Abidin Camii ve Külliyesi) is a historic religious building complex in Nusaybin, Mardin Province, southeastern Turkey.

It is located in the Nusaybin district of Mardin Province at 37°04′02″N 41°12′51″E﻿ / ﻿37.06722°N 41.21417°E﻿ / 37.06722; 41.21417. Zeynel Abidin and his sister Sitti Zeynep are known as 13th-generation grand children of Muhammad and he is not to be confused with Ali ibn Husayn al-Sajjad / Zayn al-Abidin who is known by the same name. According to an inscription, the complex was built in 1159, during the Zengid dynasty. It consists of a mosque, built in the place where the church of Santa Febronia of Nisibis, Christian martyr, a medrese (school) and tombs of both Zeynel Abidin and his sister Sitti Zeynep.

The building material of the L-plan mosque complex is rough stone. The mimbar, mihrab and the minaret are later additions.  The tombs of Zeynel Abidin and Siti Zeynep are located at the south east of the mosque.

Zengid dynasty
The Zengid dynasty was a Turkoman Sunni Muslim dynasty of Seljuk mamluk origin. Initially an Atabegate of the Seljuk Empire created in 1127, it ruled parts of the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia, and eventually seized control of Fatimid Egypt in 1169. Imad ad-Din Zengi was the first ruler of the dynasty. In 1174, the Zengid state extended from Tripoli to Hamadan and from Yemen to Sivas, as it also included the Egyptian territories held by Saladin as governor in the name of Nur al-Din Zengi.

The Zengid Atabegate became famous in the Islamic world for its successes against the Crusaders, and for being the Atabegate from which Saladin originated. Following the demise of the Seljuk dynasty in 1194, the Zengids persisted for several decades as one of the "Seljuk successor-states" until 1250.
RLSY College, Anisabad
RLSY College, Anisabad also known as Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav College, Anisabad is a degree college in Patna district of Bihar, India. The college offers senior secondary education and undergraduate degrees in arts and sciences, and conducts some vocational courses. It is affiliated with Patliputra University.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
Ryde Bridge
The Ryde Bridge, also called the Uhrs Point Bridge, are two road bridges that carry Concord Road, part of the A3, across Parramatta River from Ryde in the northern suburbs of Sydney to Rhodes in Sydney's inner west, in New South Wales, Australia.

The two bridges comprise a heritage-listed steel Pratt truss bridge with inoperable lift span that carries three lanes of northbound vehicular traffic plus a grade-separated pedestrian footpath, completed in 1935; and a reinforced concrete fixed-span bridge that carries three lanes of southbound vehicular traffic, completed in 1988.

Northern Sydney
Northern Sydney is a large metropolitan region in Greater Sydney, New South Wales, Australia on the north shore of Sydney Harbour and Parramatta River. The region embraces suburbs in Sydney's north-east, north and inner north west. Northern Sydney is divided into distinctive regions such as the North Shore, Northern Beaches and Forest District.

The region is characterised by pristine waterways with immense greenery, a well-planned public transport system, hilly roads, large plots of manicured land, and substantially large federation and bungalow style homes. Northern Sydney is home to some of Sydney's most affluent suburbs, large parks and notable landmarks, in addition to having the leafiest suburbs in the metropolitan area.
Campbell Leonard Macpherson
Campbell Leonard Macpherson (July 4, 1907 – June 28, 1973) was a businessman born in St. John's, Newfoundland and was the third lieutenant governor of Newfoundland.

The son of Cluny and Eleanora Macpherson, he was educated at Methodist College, St. John's, Westminster School, London and Columbia University was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador in 1957. He began his career in the family business at The Royal Stores in 1925. In 1965 he became president of that establishment upon the death of his uncle, Harold Macpherson.

Macpherson was an original member of Memorial University's board of regents from 1949 to 1957. He was also a member of the board of governors of Prince of Wales College.

Memorial University of Newfoundland
Memorial University of Newfoundland, or MUN (/mʌn/), is a public research university in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, based in St. John's, with satellite campuses in Corner Brook, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, and Harlow, England.  Memorial University offers certificate, diploma, undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate programs, as well as online courses and degrees.

Founded in September 1925 as a memorial to Newfoundlanders and Labradorians who died in the First World War, Memorial is the largest university in Atlantic Canada; it is also Newfoundland and Labrador's only university. As of 2018, there were 1,330 faculty and 2,474 staff, supporting 18,000 students from nearly 100 countries.
Alison Coil
Alison Laurel Coil is an American astrophysicist whose research studies the evolution of galaxies, including active galactic nuclei, gas flow into and out of galaxies and its effects on star formation, and the effects on galaxies of the structure of the universe. Her research has also uncovered connections between radio-frequency emissions from circular structures surrounding galaxies, shocked gasses near the galactic centers, and galactic starbursts, and she has also published about gender bias in science. She is the inaugural chair of the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of California, San Diego.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.
Graška Gora
Graška Gora (pronounced [ˈɡɾaːʃka ˈɡɔːɾa]; German: Grazerberg) is a dispersed settlement in the City Municipality of Slovenj Gradec in northern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Carinthia Statistical Region.

The local church north of the settlement, in the territory of the neighbouring settlement of Šmiklavž, is dedicated to Saint Helena and belongs to the Parish of Šmiklavž. The earliest phases of the building date to the 13th century.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Hopewell Municipal Building
Hopewell Municipal Building is a historic municipal building located at Hopewell, Virginia. It was built in 1925, and is a three-story, nine-bay, rectangular, sandstone brick building in the Classical Revival style.  Attached to the main building is a three-story annex built in 1957.  The main entrance is a stone framed double door with a five pane transom window and a six foot deep portico with two stone unfluted columns on either side. The building houses city offices and the police department.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Hopewell, Virginia
Hopewell is an independent city surrounded by Prince George County and the Appomattox River in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 23,033. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Hopewell with Prince George County for statistical purposes.

Hopewell is in the Tri-Cities area of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).
Timeline of ancient history
This timeline of ancient history lists historical events of the documented ancient past from the beginning of recorded history until the Early Middle Ages. Prior to this time period, prehistory civilizations were pre-literate and did not have written language.

Democritus
Democritus (/dɪˈmɒkrɪtəs/, dim-OCK-rit-əs; Greek: Δημόκριτος, Dēmókritos, meaning "chosen of the people"; c. 460 – c. 370 BC) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Abdera, primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. Democritus wrote extensively on a wide variety of topics.

None of Democritus' original work has survived, except through second-hand references. Many of these references come from Aristotle, who viewed him as an important rival in the field of natural philosophy. He was known in antiquity as the ‘laughing philosopher’ because of his emphasis on the value of cheerfulness.
Hnizdychiv
Hnizdychiv (Ukrainian: Гніздичів) is a rural settlement in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It lies on the right bank of the Stryi River, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south of Zhydachiv. Hnizdychiv hosts the administration of Hnizdychiv settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,983 (2022 estimate). 3,823 (2025 estimate).

Stryi (river)
The Stryi (Ukrainian: Стрий) is a river in western Ukraine. It starts in the Carpathian Mountains and snakes through the mountains running for 231 kilometres (144 mi). After 193 kilometres (120 mi) it passes Stryi. The river continues for another 32 kilometres (20 mi) before joining the Dniester near Khodoriv.
Pacific Resident Theatre
Pacific Resident Theatre (PRT) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit theatre company located at 703 Venice Boulevard in Venice, California.  It was founded as an actors cooperative in Venice's arts district in 1985 and is dedicated to producing both classic and little known plays, as well as works by new authors. As of June 2012, the company had received over 90 awards, including NAACP Image Awards, 73 (as of 2013) Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Awards. and the since-retired LA Weekly Theater Awards (defunct 2014), Drama-Logue Awards (defunct 1998) and Back Stage West Garland Awards (defunct 2009).

LA Weekly Theater Award
LA Weekly Theater Award was an annual critics' award system established in 1979, organized by the LA Weekly for outstanding achievements in small theatre productions in Southern California.  Nominees were typically announced in January for Equity 99-seat productions from the previous year, with awards handed out in March or April. The 35th annual awards ceremony was held in April 2014.  In December 2014, the LA Weekly announced that it was discontinuing the awards, citing the publication's desire to focus on events that would promote its profitability.
Ypsilanti State Hospital
The Ypsilanti State Hospital housed and treated patients for mental health disorders.  The hospital complex was located at the northeast corner of Platt and Willis Roads, in York Charter Township; one mile south of the boundary with Pittsfield Charter Township and two miles west of the Augusta Charter Township boundary.  The City of Saline was four miles due west of the hospital on Willis Road, while the City of Milan was five miles due south on Platt Road.  The hospital, which was three miles from the point where York and Ypsilanti charter townships meet, was called "Ypsilanti" because the area is served by the Ypsilanti telephone exchange.

Ypsilanti Charter Township, Michigan
Ypsilanti Charter Township is a charter township of Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 55,670 at the 2020 census. The city of Ypsilanti is mostly surrounded by the township, but the two are administered autonomously.
Samuel Gnanamanickam
Samuel S. Gnanamanickam (born July 18, 1945) is an Indian plant pathologist. He is known for his research on diversity of rice pathogens, molecular breeding of indica rices for disease resistance and for developing superior strains of beneficial strains of rhizosphere bacteria for biological control of rice diseases. He is a fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and National Academy of Biological Sciences of India and was Chair of the biological control committee at the American Phytopathological Society.

Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.