hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2016 California Proposition 50
Proposition 50, also known as the California Suspension of Legislators Amendment and Prop 50, was a California ballot proposition and proposed state constitution amendment intended to require a two-thirds vote in the respective chamber of the state legislature to suspend a state senator or assembly member. It also withheld the salaries and benefits of the suspended legislator. It passed in the June 2016 California primary election. The amendment was proposed to the California State Legislature by State Senator Darrell Steinberg. Proponents of the amendment include League of Women Voters of California, League of Women Voters San Luis Obispo County and California Forward. Opponents of the amendment include Joel Anderson and Jon Fleischman, a well-known Republican blogger.

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Joel Anderson
Joel Anderson (born February 11, 1960) is an American politician serving as a member of the San Diego County Board of Supervisors. A Republican, he is a former California state senator, assemblyperson, and board member of a municipal water district. During his time in the Legislature, Anderson served on the board of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) as California state chair.
Museo Adriano Bernareggi
The Museo Adriano Bernareggi, also called the Museo Diocesano Bernareggi is a gallery of sacred art and objects housed in a former aristocratic palace, the Palazzo Bassi-Rathgeb, located on Via Pignolo #76 in Bergamo, Italy. The museum is presently managed by the Fondazione Adriano Bernareggi in conjunction with the Università degli Studi di Bergamo, and displays eclectic works of art from the 15th-century to present, often paired, and derived mainly from the Bernareggi family, as well as the Diocese of Bergamo.

Diocese of Bergamo
The Diocese of Bergamo (Latin: Dioecesis Bergomensis; Italian: Diocesi di Bergamo; Lombard: Diocesi de Bergum) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy, and is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Milan. Geographically, Bergamo stood between the mainland interests of the Republic of Venice, and the territory of the Duchy of Milan.  The duchy was regularly contested by the French and the Holy Roman Empire, which brought about repeated military operations. Internally, from the 12th to the 15th century, there was the usual party strife between the Guelphs, who generally supported the political and religious policies of the Papacy; and the Ghibellines, who generally supported the Emperors. As Kings of Italy, the emperors were feudal overlords of Lombardy.

The diocese was founded in the fourth century AD. Its first bishop was Narno, who was succeeded by Viator.
SDHAF1
Succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 1 (SDHAF1), also known as LYR motif-containing protein 8 (LYRM8), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SDHAF1, or LYRM8, gene. It belongs to the superfamily of LYRM proteins, which are characterized by a conserved leucine–tyrosine–arginine motif. SDHAF1 is a chaperone protein involved in the assembly of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex (complex II). Mutations in this gene are associated with SDH-defective infantile leukoencephalopathy and mitochondrial complex II deficiency.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Belianska Cave
Belianska Cave (Slovak: Belianska jaskyňa, pronounced [ˈbelɪɐnska ˈjaskiɲa]) is a stalactite cave in the Slovak part of the Tatra mountains, the largest and the only one open to the public in the Slovak Tatras. It is located above the settlement of Tatranská Kotlina, which is a part of the town of Vysoké Tatry.

The cave was discovered in the 18th century, although it is presumed that it was used by pre-historic people. The cave was opened in 1884 and electrically lit in 1896.

Entrance to the cave is located at an altitude of 890 metres. The cave is 3,641 m long, with two circuits available to the visitors, with the longer one having the length of 1,752 m.

Vysoké Tatry
Vysoké Tatry (lit. 'High Tatras'; Hungarian: Magastátra, pronounced [ˈmɒgɒʃtaːtrɒ]; Polish: Wysokie Tatry, pronounced [vɨˈsɔkʲɛ ˈtatrɨ]; Czech: Vysoké Tatry, pronounced ['vɪsokeː tatrɪ]), formally Mesto Vysoké Tatry (lit. 'The Town of High Tatras') is a town at the feet of the Slovak part of High Tatras in Slovakia including all the major resorts in that region. It was created in 1990, and its official name from 1990 to 1999 was Starý Smokovec, which is the name of one of its major settlements.
Combat Rubber Raiding Craft
The Zodiac Milpro Futura Commando 470, designated as the Combat Rubber Reconnaissance Craft (CRRC)  is a specially fabricated rubber inflatable boat in widespread use by the U.S. military. The CRRC is typically simply referred to as a "Zodiac" referring to the boat's manufacturer, Zodiac Milpro.

Zodiac Milpro
Zodiac Milpro Group, formerly Zodiac Military and Professional, headquartered in Paris, France, is a company that manufactures inflatable boats and rigid hull inflatable boats for the emergency services, military and professional users, including heavy-duty inflatable work boats that can carry payloads up to four tons and passengers for ecotourism, whale watching, etc.
1986 King Cup
The 1986 King Cup was the 28th season of the knockout competition since its establishment in 1956. Al-Ettifaq were the defending champions but they were eliminated by Al-Tai in the quarter-finals.

Al-Nassr won their 4th title after defeating Al-Ittihad 1–0 in the final. This was their first title since 1981.

Al-Ettifaq Club
Al-Ettifaq Club (Arabic: نادي الاتفاق), commonly known as Al-Ettifaq or simply Ettifaq, is a professional football club in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, which competes in the Saudi Pro League.

The club was established by the merger of three Dammam-based clubs in 1945. Al-Ettifaq were the first Saudi team to win an international title – the 1984 Arab Club Champions Cup. They were also the first to win the Saudi Premier League without any defeats, and the first Saudi team to win the GCC Champions League. Al-Ettifaq have a total of 13 titles to their name. The club also has its own futsal section.
Hertha Block
Hertha Block (born 1906) was a German librarian. She was active in the Association of Proletarian-Revolutionary Authors, and was arrested by the Sturmabteilung in 1933 after meeting friends in a cafe that was a known meeting place for anti-Nazi groups. She continued working as a librarian while in women's prison during Nazi rule, and in autumn of 1945 was rehired to the library she had worked in before her arrest, where she helped to recover books which had been hidden to save them from the Nazi book burnings. Block worked for the library until retiring in 1972.

The Hertha Block Promenade, which runs between the Tempelhof and Schöneberg districts in Berlin, is named for her.

Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, beginning in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere). Autumn is the season when the duration of daytime becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the winter solstice in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in temperate climates is the striking change in colour of the leaves of deciduous trees as they prepare to shed.
Robert Talley
Robert Talley is an American former football coach and player. He served as the head coach of Stonehill College in Easton, Massachusetts from 2007 to 2015, compiling a record of 48–46. He left that program as the school's all–time winningest coach.

He formerly served as the Director of Development for Athletics at the California State University, Chico.
He currently serves as a program coordinator for the Chico Area Recreation & Park District (CARD) in the flag football department, where he has gone on to coach his sons. He is credited with introducing the controversial end-around offense to the league. He won his first and only CARD Flag Football Championship on October 11, 2023, in the middle school division.

California State University, Chico
California State University, Chico (Chico State) is a public university in Chico, California, United States. It was founded in 1887 as one of about 180 "normal schools" founded by state governments in the 19th century to train teachers for the rapidly growing public common schools. Some closed but most steadily expanded their role and became state colleges in the early 20th century and state universities in the late 20th century. It is the second oldest campus in the California State University system. As of the fall 2020 semester, the university had a total enrollment of 16,630 students. The university offers 126 bachelor's degree programs, 35 master's degree programs, and four types of teaching credentials. Chico is a Hispanic-serving institution (HSI).
Yellow Line (Washington Metro)
The Yellow Line is a rapid transit line of the Washington Metro system that runs between Huntington in Virginia and Mount Vernon Square in Washington, D.C. or Greenbelt in Maryland. It consists of 22 stations in Fairfax County, the city of Alexandria, Arlington County in Virginia, Washington, D.C., and Prince George's County, Maryland.

The Yellow Line shares track with the Blue Line between King Street–Old Town and Pentagon and the Green Line between L'Enfant Plaza and Greenbelt. It has only two stations that are not shared by any other lines (Huntington and Eisenhower Avenue) and only two sections of track that are not shared by any other lines – the section south of King Street–Old Town and the section between Pentagon and L'Enfant Plaza, crossing the Potomac River.

On weekdays, trains run every 6 minutes until 9:30PM and every 7.5 minutes afterward. On weekends, trains run every 8 minutes.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
Balidaan (1971 film)
Balidaan  is a 1971 Bollywood drama film. The film stars Saira Banu and Manoj Kumar.  The film was directed by Ravi Tandon and the story as well as the screenplay/dialog were written by Manoj Kumar and Balkishan Mouj.

Ravi Tandon
Ravi Tandon (17 February 1935 – 11 February 2022)was an Indian film director and producer. He also worked as an assistant director and story writer. He was the father of actress Raveena Tandon.

Ravi Tandon directed a number of hit movies, the most popular among these are Khel Khel Mein, Anhonee, Nazrana, Majboor, Khud-daar, Zindagi. Ravi Tandon was born in a Punjabi family in Agra. Tandon and his wife Veena had a son Rajeev, a producer and director who made the television series Heena, and a daughter, film actress Raveena Tandon. His 22nd directorial venture Nazrana with Rajesh Khanna in the lead was the 5th highest grosser of the year in 1987. He died of respiratory failure at his residence in Mumbai on 11 February 2022, at the age of 86. He had pulmonary fibrosis in the last few years of his life.
De Nuevos a Viejos
De Nuevos A Viejos (English: From New to Old) is the second studio album by Wisin & Yandel. It peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums chart and number 26 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart. This album was nominated for a Latin Billboard Music Award.

Billboard Latin pop charts
The Billboard Latin pop charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Latin Pop Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Latin Pop Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on Latin pop radio stations before switching to a genre-based methodology in August 2020. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different Latin pop charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Latin Pop Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing Latin pop songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

By "Latin pop", Billboard generally refers to the genre as Spanish-speaking pop music, including pop ballads, mid-tempo or up-tempo pop as well as "young pop sounds", "the new Spanish-language rock", pop-rhythmic and pop-dance tunes.
SK Babīte
SK Babīte is a Latvian football club. They are based in the Latvian town of Babīte near Rīga and competed in the highest division of Latvian football (the Virslīga) and the Latvian Football Cup. Their home stadium is located in Piņķi, but due to incompatibility with Virslīga standards the team plays its home matches in Rīga's Skonto Stadium. On 22 June 2017, they were excluded from the Latvian Higher League from 2017 as the Latvian Football Federation received a notice from UEFA's Betting Fraud Detection System for 6 separate games involving Babite.

The previous results of Babīte in the 2017 Higher League (including points, goals scored and conceded) were annulled.

Skonto Stadium
Skonto Stadium (Latvian: Skonto stadions) is a football stadium in Riga, Latvia. The stadium was built in 2000 and currently has 8,087 seats in total (open for spectators & VIP guests on matchdays). It is the second largest stadium in Latvia, behind Daugava Stadium, also in Riga. The stadium design incorporates Skonto Hall.
Denmark men's national field hockey team
The Denmark men's national field hockey team represents Denmark in men's international field hockey and is controlled by the Danish Hockey Union, the governing body for field hockey in Denmark.

Denmark has participated in five Olympic Games and has won one silver medal, in 1920. They have never qualified for the World Cup, but they have participated in two European Championships.

Men's FIH Hockey World Cup
The Men's FIH Hockey World Cup is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation. The tournament was started in 1971. It is held every four years, bridging the four years between the Summer Olympics. Pakistan is the most successful team, having won the tournament four times. The Netherlands, Australia, and Germany have each won three titles. Belgium and India have both won the tournament once.

The 2023 tournament was held in Bhubaneswar and Rourkela, India from 13 to 29 January. Germany defeated Belgium in a penalty shoot-out 5–4 after the match ended in a 3–3 draw to win their third World Cup title. The World Cup expanded to 16 teams in 2018.
Major (United States)
In the United States Army, Marine Corps, Air Force and Space Force, major is a field officer above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant commander in the Navy and Coast Guard. Although lieutenant commanders are considered junior officers by their services, majors are senior officers.

The pay grade for the rank of major is O-4. The insignia for the rank consists of a golden oak leaf, with slight stylized differences between the versions of the different services. Promotion to the rank of major is governed by the Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980.

Executive officer
An executive officer is a person who is principally responsible for leading all or part of an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

In many militaries and police forces, an executive officer (XO) is the second-in-command, reporting to the commanding officer (CO). The XO is typically responsible for the management of day-to-day activities, freeing the commander to concentrate on strategy and planning the unit's next move.
Vipw
vipw is a small computer program which enables a Unix system administrator to safely and securely edit user or group-related files while setting a proper lock to prevent other users from modifying them until they are saved by the current user.

The following is the list of user and group files that can be modified by the vipw utility.

“/etc/passwd“: User account information.

“/etc/shadow“: Secure user account information.

“/etc/group“: Group account information.

“/etc/gshadow“: Secure group account information.

This way, you can edit the system files securely using your favorite editor set to the $VISUAL or $EDITOR environment variable, instead of accessing them directly from the CLI editor like GNU Nano or VIM, which is insecure.

Environment variable
An environment variable is a user-definable value that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. Environment variables are part of the environment in which a process runs. For example, a running process can query the value of the TEMP environment variable to discover a suitable location to store temporary files, or the HOME or USERPROFILE variable to find the directory structure owned by the user running the process.

They were introduced in their modern form in 1979 with Version 7 Unix, so are included in all Unix operating system flavors and variants from that point onward including Linux and macOS. From PC DOS 2.0 in 1982, all succeeding Microsoft operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, and OS/2 also have included them as a feature, although with somewhat different syntax, usage and standard variable names.
Nick Green (baseball)
Nicholas Anthony Green (born September 10, 1978) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 2004 and 2013 for the Atlanta Braves, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, New York Yankees, Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, Los Angeles Dodgers, Toronto Blue Jays, and Miami Marlins. He played in the International Baseball League of Australia before his MLB debut in 2004. Since 2015, he has worked as an analyst on the Braves Live! post-game show, which follows Atlanta Braves games on FanDuel Sports Network South and FanDuel Sports Network Southeast.

New Orleans Baby Cakes
The New Orleans Baby Cakes (formerly the New Orleans Zephyrs) were a Minor League Baseball team in the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Miami Marlins. They were located in Metairie, Louisiana, a suburb of New Orleans, and played their home games at the Shrine on Airline.

The team began play in 1993 as a member of the Triple-A American Association (AA) when the Denver Zephyrs moved to New Orleans. They joined the PCL in 1998. New Orleans has qualified for the postseason on three occasions and has won the PCL championship twice as the Triple-A affiliate of the Houston Astros (1998 and 2001).

At the end of the 2019 season, the team moved to Wichita, Kansas, where they continue as the Wichita Wind Surge. Initially, the city of New Orleans hoped to bring a Double-A Southern League team to the city and continue operations as the Baby Cakes. However, due to Major League Baseball's reorganization of Minor League Baseball, the campaign ultimately failed.
KwikChex
KwikChex is an online investigation and reputation management firm founded by Chris Emmins. It was founded in Bournemouth, United Kingdom in 2010, and moved to Taunton in 2018.
It is particularly known for its work in consumer protection, including creating and managing the Timeshare Task Force and for challenging the authenticity of content on online review websites.

Customer review
A customer review is an evaluation of a product or service made by someone who has purchased and used, or had experience with, a product or service. Customer reviews are a form of customer feedback on electronic commerce and online shopping sites. There are also dedicated review sites, some of which use customer reviews as well as or instead of professional reviews. The reviews may themselves be graded for usefulness or accuracy by other users.
Patrick Nash
Patrick A. Nash (March 2, 1863 – October 6, 1943) was a political boss in the early and mid-twentieth century in Chicago and Cook County. He was in large part responsible for consolidating elements of the Cook County Democratic Party into a political machine. He evolved from a local sewage contractor to a political boss by carefully selecting his political allies. His prominence stems from the death of Anton Cermak and his political career is intertwined with that of Edward Joseph Kelly. The success of this machine was attributed to its decision to be more inclusive than its predecessors. This meant that Nash had success at dealing with a variety of politicians such as William L. Dawson.

Political boss
A party boss is a person who controls a faction or local branch of a political party. They do not necessarily hold public office themselves; most historical bosses did not, at least during the times of their greatest influence. Numerous officeholders in that unit are subordinate to the single boss in party affairs. Bosses may base their power on the support of numerous voters, usually organized voting blocs, and manage a coalition of these blocs and various other stakeholders. When the party wins, they typically control appointments in their unit, and have a voice at the higher levels.

Reformers typically allege that political bosses are corrupt. This corruption is usually tied to patronage: the exchange of jobs, lucrative contracts and other political favors for votes, campaign contributions and sometimes outright bribes.
House of Sickingen
The House of Sickingen is an old southwest German noble family. The lords of Sickingen belonged to the Kraichgau nobility and from 1797 to the Imperial nobility. Significant relatives emerged from the family, who achieved great influence in both spiritual and secular offices. Reinhard von Sickingen was Prince-Bishop of Worms from 1445 to 1482 and Kasimir Anton von Sickingen was Prince-Bishop of Constance from 1743 to 1750. Imperial Knight Franz von Sickingen (1481-1523) was a leader of the Rhenish and Swabian knighthood.

The Sickingen-Sickingen line of the family died out in 1834, and the Sickingen-Hohenburgs in 1932.

Prince-bishop
A prince-bishop is a bishop who is also the civil ruler of some secular principality and sovereignty, as opposed to Prince of the Church itself, a title associated with cardinals. Since 1951, the sole extant prince-bishop has been the Bishop of Urgell, Catalonia, who has remained ex officio one of two co-princes of Andorra, along with the French president.