hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liaena Hernández Martínez
Liaena Hernández Martínez is the youngest member of the Cuban National Assembly. During the opening of the 2008 Cuban National Assembly, after the 2008 legislative election, "Eighteen-year old legislator Liaena Hernandez Martínez read the oath in which each member of the new legislature committed their loyalty to the country and to observe and enforce the laws and all juridical norms." After the election Hernández stated, "Our main goal is to ready ourselves to fulfill our mission."

Oath
Traditionally, an oath (from Anglo-Saxon āþ, also a plight) is a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who object to making sacred oaths is to give an affirmation instead. Nowadays, even when there is no notion of sanctity involved, certain promises said out loud in ceremonial or juridical purpose are referred to as oaths. "To swear" is a verb used to describe the taking of an oath; to make a solemn vow.
1934 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 12
The 1934 Tour de France was the 28th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris on 3 July and Stage 12 occurred on 16 July with a flat stage to Marseille. The race finished in Paris on 29 July.

Maurice Archambaud
Maurice Archambaud (30 August 1908 in Paris – 3 December 1955 in Le Raincy) was a French professional cyclist from 1932 to 1944. His short stature earned him the nickname of le nabot, or "the dwarf", but his colossal thighs made him an exceptional rider.

As an amateur, he won the Paris-Soissons and the Paris-Verneuil in 1931 and turned professional the following year for Alcyon, one of the top teams in France. He won the inaugural Grand Prix des Nations in his first season.

He set the world hour record at 45.767 km at the Vigorelli velodrome in Milan on 3 November 1937. He beat the Dutchman, Frans Slaats' record of 45.485 km, set on 29 September 1937. The record stood for five years before being beaten by Fausto Coppi.

Archambaud rode for France in the Tour de France between the wars. His sudden changes of form and frequent falls meant that he never won the race, but he did win ten stages  and wear the yellow jersey.

He won a shorter stage race, Paris–Nice, in 1936 and 1939.
Oscar Enestad
Oscar Johan Ingvar Enestad (born  21 February 1997) is a Swedish singer. He was a member of the boyband FO&O between 2013 and 2017. He participated in Melodifestivalen 2017 broadcast on SVT along with the band, making it to the final with the song "Gotta Thing About You". In 2017, the band revealed that they were going on a hiatus. Enestad launched his solo career in 2018, by revealing that he would participate in Melodifestivalen 2019 with the song "I Love It".

Gotta Thing About You
"Gotta Thing About You" is a song recorded by Swedish boyband FO&O. The song was released as a digital download in Sweden on 26 February 2017 and peaked at number 10 on the Swedish Singles Chart. It took part in Melodifestivalen 2017, and qualified to the second chance round from the third semi-final on 18 February 2017. The song qualified from the second chance round on 4 March 2017. It was written by Robert "Mutt" Lange and Tony Nilsson.
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children or EMLc), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system.

The list is divided into core items and complementary items. The core items are deemed to be the most cost-effective options for key health problems and are usable with little additional health care resources. The complementary items either require additional infrastructure such as specially trained health care providers or diagnostic equipment or have a lower cost–benefit ratio.

The first list for children was created in 2007, and the list is in its 10th edition as of 2025.

Note: An α indicates a medicine is on the complementary list.

Alpha
Alpha /ˈælfə/ ⓘ ALF-ə (uppercase Α, lowercase α) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of one. Alpha is derived from the Phoenician letter aleph ⟨𐤀⟩, whose name comes from the West Semitic word for 'ox'. Letters that arose from alpha include the Latin letter ⟨A⟩ and the Cyrillic letter ⟨А⟩.
Mmuock
Mmuock (or Mmock) is the Anglicised form of Muòk (m̩muɔk)—sometimes written as Mǒk (see next paragraph). The exonym is Bamock. Mmuock is a tribe in the West/Southwest of Cameroon. Belonging to the Bamilike ethnic group, the Mmuock tribe comprises four villages: M'mock Lelieng (Fossung ellelem), Mmuock Fossimondi (M'muockngie), Mmockmbie, and Mmuock Leteh. The first three villages are found in the English-speaking Lebialem Division in the Southwest Region of Cameroon, while Mmock Leleng lies in the french-speaking West Region.

The Mmuock tribe speaks the Mmuock (Mmock) language. Due to dialectal differences within Mmuock (Mmock) communities, the name of the tribe is pronounced Yemba pronunciation: [m̩muɔːk] in Mmuock-Leteh and Mmuock-Fossimondi, andYemba pronunciation: [m̩mok] in the other two villages. As a result, there are two Anglicised spellings: Mmuock and Mmock.

Southwest Region (Cameroon)
The Southwest Region or South-West Region (French: Région du Sud-Ouest) is a region with special status in Cameroon. Its capital is Buea. As of 2015, its population was 1,553,320. Along with the Northwest Region, it is one of the two Anglophone (English-speaking) regions of Cameroon. Various Ambazonian nationalist and separatist factions regard the South-West region as being distinct as a polity from Cameroon.
Jarnac
Jarnac (French pronunciation: [ʒaʁnak]; Occitan: [d͡ʒaɾˈnak]; Saintongese: Jharnat) is a commune in the Charente department, southwestern France. It is situated on the right (north) bank of the river Charente 20 km west of Angoulême, and about 10 km east of and Cognac.

It was the site of the Battle of Jarnac in 1569.

The region has long been associated with the production of cognac. The town is host to numerous smaller cognac producers as well as larger internationally known brands such as Courvoisier, Delamain and Thomas Hine & Co.

It is the birthplace and resting place of François Mitterrand, President of France from 1981 to 1995.

Charente
Charente (French: [ʃaʁɑ̃t] ⓘ; Saintongese: Chérente; Occitan: Charanta [tʃaˈɾantɔ]) is a department in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It is named after the river Charente, the most important and longest river in the department, and also the river beside which the department's two largest towns, Angoulême and Cognac, are sited. In 2019, it had a population of 352,015.
Hard News (book)
Hard News: The Scandals at The New York Times and Their Meaning for American Media   is a 2004 book by journalist Seth Mnookin about the reign of Howell Raines at The New York Times. It addresses the Jayson Blair scandal.

Mnookin's thesis is that The New York Times remains the newspaper at the center of America's self-knowledge, and understanding of the rest of the world, and that accordingly 2003, a year of scandals at that paper that forced the resignation of Raines as executive editor, did important damage.

The fracturing of news coverage, all the cable and satellite stations and weblogs, have done nothing to diminish the importance of this particular institution, Mnookin writes. To the contrary, "the number of media options is so overwhelming that there almost needs to be a default standard-bearer....Every morning, the Times front page comes closer than any other single source of information to determining what will count as major news for the next twenty-four hours."

Howell Raines
Howell Hiram Raines  (/ˈhaʊəl ˈreɪns/ HOW-əl RAYNSS; born February 5, 1943) is an American journalist, editor, and writer. He was executive editor of The New York Times from 2001 until he left in 2003 in the wake of the scandal related to reporting by Jayson Blair. In 2008, Raines became a contributing editor for Condé Nast Portfolio, writing the magazine's media column. After beginning his journalism career working for Southern newspapers, he joined The Times in 1978, as a national correspondent based in Atlanta. His positions included political correspondent and bureau chief in Atlanta and Washington, DC, before joining the New York City staff in 1993.

Raines has also published a novel, two memoirs, an oral history of the civil rights movement, and a history of the Union soldiers from Alabama who played a decisive role in the Civil War and were scrubbed from the history books.
Jim McAllester
Jim McAllester (born 16 April 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon, Footscray and Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

McAllester could play as a ruckman but was mostly used as either a forward and defender during his career.

After serving an apprenticeship in the under-19s, McAllester made two senior appearances for Essendon in 1980 but did not register a possession in either game.

He spent the 1981 and 1982 seasons at Footscray before playing at East Ballarat in 1983.

McAllester played with Collingwood in 1984 and 1985, but was restricted to the reserves in the latter season. Upon leaving Collingwood, he joined the Brunswick Football Club.

Brunswick Football Club
The Brunswick Football Club, nicknamed the Magpies, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Brunswick.

Brunswick played in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1897 until 1991, when it withdrew midway early in the season and folded shortly after. In its final two seasons in the VFA, the club was known as Brunswick-Broadmeadows.
Vauxhall Luton
The Vauxhall Luton plant was a motor vehicle manufacturing facility located in Luton, Bedfordshire, England. Operational from 1905 to 2025, it produced passenger cars and light commercial vehicles under the Vauxhall, Opel, Bedford, Renault, Nissan, Peugeot, Citroën, Fiat Professional, and Toyota brands. Its closure in March 2025 marked the end of 120 years of vehicle production in Luton.

Fiat Professional
Fiat Professional is the brand name and subsidiary of Stellantis which manufactures light commercial vehicles and their passenger variants. It was launched on 17 April 2007 and replaced the Fiat Veicoli Commerciali division. Fiat Professional is present in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions; the Fiat Automobiles brand is used in the Latin America region. The Fiat Ducato and the Fiat Doblò are rebadged as the Ram ProMaster and Ram ProMaster City respectively for sale in Canada and the US.
Ivanja Reka interchange
The Ivanja Reka interchange (Croatian: Čvor Ivanja Reka) is a cloverleaf interchange east of Zagreb, Croatia. The interchange represents the southern terminus of the A4 motorway and it connects the A4 route to the A3 motorway representing major a link in the Croatian motorway system. The interchange is a part of Pan-European corridors Vb and X. It also represents a junction of European routes E65, E70 and E71.

The interchange was completed at junction of the Slavonska Avenue—four lane road providing access to Zagreb, present-day A3 motorway section to Lipovljani, built in 1980, and a 22.15-kilometre (13.76 mi) section between the Lučko and Ivanja Reka interchanges, a section of the Zagreb bypass opened in 1981. It was named after the nearby village of Ivanja Reka. The interchange originally also included a four-lane road, later upgraded and renamed as A4 motorway connecting Varaždin.

Pan-European corridors
The ten Pan-European transport corridors were defined at the second Pan-European transport Conference in Crete, March 1994, as routes in Central and Eastern Europe that required major investment over the next ten to fifteen years. Additions were made at the third conference in Helsinki in 1997. Therefore, these corridors are sometimes referred to as the "Crete corridors" or "Helsinki corridors", regardless of their geographical locations.

These development corridors are distinct from the Trans-European transport networks, which is a European Union project and include all major established routes in the European Union, although there are proposals to combine the two systems, since most of the involved countries now are members of the EU.

The corridors variously encompass road, rail and waterway routes.
323 BC
Year 323 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Longus and Cerretanus (or, less frequently, year 431 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 323 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Meleager (general)
Meleager (Greek: Mελέαγρος, Meléagros; died 323 BC) was a Macedonian officer who served under Alexander the Great. He was among the generals that accompanied the king in his quest to conquer Asia Minor, and was one of the most experienced among them. The only military figure who was more experienced than Meleager was the Macedonian general Antipater, who remained in Macedon during Alexander's entire Asian campaign.
Henry IV the Faithful
Henry IV (II) the Faithful (Polish: Henryk IV (II) Wierny) (c. 1292 – 22 January 1342) was a Duke of Żagań and parts of Greater Poland from 1309 until 1317 (with his brothers in all the lands except Głogów in different divisions among them), Duke of Głogów from 1318 until 1321 (with his brother as co-ruler) and sole ruler over Żagań from 1321 until his death.

He was the oldest son of Henry III (I), Duke of Głogów, by his wife Matilda, daughter of Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The nickname of "Faithful" (Wierny) only was given to him in the 14th-century chronicles.

Wschowa
Wschowa (pronounced Fs-hova [ˈfsxɔva], German: Fraustadt) is a town in the Lubusz Voivodeship in western Poland with 13,875 inhabitants (2019). It is the capital of Wschowa County and a significant tourist site containing many important historical monuments. It is part of the historic region of Greater Poland. Once an important royal city of Poland, due to its 18th-century history, it is sometimes called the "unofficial capital of Poland".
Chondroitin-sulfate-ABC exolyase
The enzyme chondroitin-sulfate-ABC exolyase (EC 4.2.2.21) catalyzes the following process:

Exolytic removal of Δ4-unsaturated disaccharide residues from the non-reducing ends of both polymeric chondroitin/dermatan sulfates and their oligosaccharide fragments.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on polysaccharides.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is chondroitin-sulfate-ABC exolyase. Other names in common use include chondroitinase (ambiguous), chondroitin ABC eliminase (ambiguous), chondroitinase ABC (ambiguous), chondroitin ABC lyase (ambiguous), chondroitin sulfate ABC lyase (ambiguous), ChS ABC lyase (ambiguous), chondroitin sulfate ABC exoeliminase, chondroitin sulfate ABC exolyase, and ChS ABC lyase II.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Samuel J. Pugh
Samuel Johnson Pugh (January 28, 1850 – April 17, 1922) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

Born in Greenup County, Kentucky, Pugh moved with his parents to Lewis County in 1852. He attended Chandler's Select School, Rand's Academy, and Centre College, Danville, Kentucky.

He studied law and was admitted to the bar, commencing practice in Vanceburg, Kentucky.

He held the following positions:

City attorney, 1872–1873

Master commissioner of the circuit court, 1874–1880

County attorney, 1878–1886

County judge, 1886–1890

Delegate to the State constitutional convention, 1890–1891

State senator, 1893–1894

Pugh was elected November 6, 1894 as a Republican to the 54th, 55th, and 56th Congresses (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1901).

He resumed the practice of law in Vanceburg, Kentucky and died there April 17, 1922. He was interred in Woodland Cemetery.

Greenup County, Kentucky
Greenup County is a county located along the Ohio River in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,962. The county was founded in 1803 and named in honor of Christopher Greenup. Its county seat is Greenup.
Greenup County is part of the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Kidwelly RFC
Kidwelly Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club representing the town of Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire, South Wales. Rugby was first played in Kidwelly around 1880, though as is usual within early Welsh rugby history, no written evidence exists to give an exact year of formation. Kidwelly RFC are members of the Welsh Rugby Union and is a feeder club for the Llanelli Scarlets.

Between 1890 and 1891, a former Kidwelly RFC senior player, Stephen Thomas, represented Wales in three international games, though at the time of these matches he played for Llanelli RFC. Two other former Kidwelly players, Ray Gravell and Gerald Davies, represented Wales, though Gravelle had only played for the Kidwelly youth team.

Ray Gravell
Raymond William Robert Gravell (12 September 1951 – 31 October 2007) was a Welsh rugby union centre who played club rugby for Llanelli RFC.
At international level, Gravell earned 23 caps for Wales and was selected for the 1980 British Lions tour to South Africa.

In his later career he became a respected broadcaster and occasional actor. Gravell was also a member of the Gorsedd of Bards, an honour bestowed on him for his contribution to the Welsh language. At the Eisteddfodau Gravell was known by his bardic name Ray o'r Mynydd and was given the ceremonial role of Grand Sword Bearer.
EEA1
The gene EEA1 encodes for the 1400 amino acid protein, Early Endosome Antigen 1.

EEA1 localizes exclusively to early endosomes and has an important role in endosomal trafficking. EEA1 binds directly to the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate through its C-terminal FYVE domain and forms a homodimer through a coiled coil. EEA1 acts as a tethering molecule that couples vesicle docking with SNAREs such as N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein, bringing the endosomes physically closer and ultimately resulting in the fusion and delivery of endosomal cargo.

Coiled coil
A coiled coil is a structural motif in proteins in which two to seven alpha-helices are coiled together like the strands of a rope. (Dimers and trimers are the most common types.) They have been found in roughly 5-10% of proteins and have a variety of functions. They are one of the most widespread motifs found in protein-protein interactions. To aid protein study, several tools have been developed to predict coiled-coils in protein structures. Many coiled coil-type proteins are involved in important biological functions, such as the regulation of gene expression — e.g., transcription factors. Notable examples are the oncoproteins c-Fos and c-Jun, as well as the muscle protein tropomyosin.
Vrang
Vrang (Russian and Tajik: Вранг) is a village and jamoat located in the Wakhan region of Tajikistan. It is located in Ishkoshim District in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. The jamoat has a total population of 6,541 (2015).

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Sibalom River
The Sibalom River is the longest river in the province of Antique in Panay island Philippines. With a total length of 74.5 kilometres (46.3 mi) and a drainage basin covering 682 square kilometres (263 sq mi), it is the largest river system in Antique and fourth longest in Panay after the Panay River, Jalaur River, and Aklan River. It is located in Sibalom and San Remigio. Along with its main tributaries the Mao-it River and Tipulu-an River, it forms the 5,511.47-hectare (13,619.1-acre) Tipulu-an and Mao-it River Watershed Forest Reserve (now known as Sibalom Natural Park) which was proclaimed a natural park on April 23, 2000.

The Sibalom River has four main tributaries by length: the Tipulu-an River 33 km, Maninila River 31 km, Mao-it River 15.8 km and Cansilayan River 12.5 km. The river's watershed is considered one of the last remaining lowland rainforests on Panay.

Drainage system (geomorphology)
In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. They are governed by the topography of land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. Geomorphologists and hydrologists often view streams as part of drainage basins (and sub-basins). This is the topographic region from which a stream receives runoff, throughflow, and its saturated equivalent, groundwater flow. The number, size, and shape of the drainage basins varies and the larger and more detailed the topographic map, the more information is available.
Jono Jenkins
Jono Jenkins (born 26 May 1986 in Sydney, Australia) is a rugby union footballer. He plays for the RC Narbonne in Pro D2 having previously represented the Waratahs. His regular playing position is openside flanker. Jenkins was educated at Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview in Sydney.

He made his senior debut for the Force during the 2010 Super 14 season against the Reds.

Pro D2
The Pro D2 is the second tier of rugby union club competition division in France. It is operated by Ligue Nationale de Rugby (LNR) which also runs the division directly above, the first division Top 14. Pro D2 was introduced in 2000. It is the world's best-supported second-tier rugby union league.
Ramacharitam
The Ramacharitam is a Sanskrit epic poem written in Arya metre by a Bengali poet named Sandhyakar Nandi (c. 1084–1155 CE) during the Pala Empire. This work simultaneously narrates the story of the Ramayana and the Pala king Ramapala. It is mainly famous for describing the Varendra rebellion – a very critical event in early mediaeval history of Bengal.

Madanapala (Pala dynasty)
Madanapala (r. 1139–1161 CE) was the successor to the Pala king Gopala IV in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, and the eighteenth and final ruler of Pala lineage reigning for 18 years. He was succeeded by Govindapala, whose lineage of that name is questionable.