hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Low Franconian
In historical and comparative linguistics, Low Franconian is a linguistic category used to classify a number of historical and contemporary West Germanic varieties closely related to, and including, the Dutch language. Most dialects and languages included within this category are spoken in the Netherlands, northern Belgium (Flanders), in the Nord department of France, in western Germany (Lower Rhine), as well as in Suriname, South Africa and Namibia.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.
Akira Iida
Akira Iida (Shinjitai: 飯田 章, Iida Akira; born 18 December 1969 in Sagamihara, Kanagawa) is a Japanese racing driver currently competing in the Super GT series. He won the 2002 All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship GT500 title with Esso Toyota Team LeMans, co-driving with Juichi Wakisaka. He also won the 2013 Asian Le Mans Series GTE class title for Team Taisan Ken Endless.

Iida was also a presenter on the Japanese performance-car program Best Motoring.

Best Motoring
Best Motoring (ベストモータリング, Besuto Mōtaringu) was  Japan's preeminent automobile magazine, video, and DVD series, before becoming a web video series. Alongside Best Motoring, there were Hot Version and Video Option.
Elachista coalita
Elachista coalita is a moth of the family Elachistidae first described by Lauri Kaila in 2011. It is found in south-eastern Australia, including the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Tasmania.

The wingspan is 6.2–8.1 mm for males and 7–7.2 mm for females.

Lauri Kaila
Lauri Kaila is a Finnish entomologist and researcher of biodiversity, specializing in Lepidoptera, at the Finnish Museum of Natural History of the University of Helsinki. As of 2026, Kaila authored 205 species within the family of Elachistidae.
Marriage and Other Disasters
Marriage and Other Disasters (Italian: Matrimoni e altri disastri, also known as Weddings and Other Disasters) is a 2010 Italian comedy film written and directed  by Nina Di Majo.

It  was nominated for two Silver Ribbons, for best actress (Margherita Buy) and best supporting actress (Luciana Littizzetto).

Nastro d'Argento
The Nastro d'Argento (plural: Nastri d'Argento; English: Silver Ribbon) is an Italian film award, held since 1946 by the Sindacato Nazionale Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani (Italian National Union of Film Journalists). Awards are given annually in a wide range of categories, covering not only feature films but also short films (Corti d'argento) and television series (Nastri d'Argento Grandi Serie). The main awards are given at Taormina Film Fest, Sicily, while the short film awards ceremony is held in Naples.
German submarine U-74 (1940)
German submarine U-74 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Her keel was laid down on 5 November 1939, by Bremer Vulkan of Bremen-Vegesack, Germany as yard number 2. She was launched on 31 August 1940 and commissioned on 31 October, with Kapitänleutnant (Kptlt.) Eitel-Friedrich Kentrat in command until 23 March 1942, when he was succeeded by Oberleutnant zur See (Oblt.z.S.) Karl Friederich, who remained in charge until the U-boat's loss.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
Liang Fa
Liang Fa (1789–1855), also known by other names, was the second Chinese Protestant convert and the first Chinese Protestant minister and evangelist. He was ordained by Robert Morrison, the first Protestant missionary in the Qing Empire. His tract Good Words to Admonish the Age was influential on Hong Xiuquan, who went on to lead the Taiping Rebellion.

Four Books and Five Classics
The Four Books and Five Classics are authoritative and important books associated with Confucianism, written before 300 BC.  They are traditionally believed to have been either written, edited or commented by Confucius or one of his disciples. Starting in the Han dynasty, they became the core of the Chinese classics on which students were tested in the Imperial examination system.
Sommarnatt
"Sommarnatt" is a song written by Lars "Dille" Diedricson and Torben Ferm, and originally recorded by Snowstorm. Originally, it was released on the album Sommarnatt in 1980, and as a single the same year, with the B-side being "Message", an English-language version of the same song. The single peaked at number two in the Swedish singles chart.

A recording by Wizex, from the 1980 album You Treated Me Wrong, with vocals by Tommy Stjernfeldt, charted at Svensktoppen between 7 December 1980-1 February 1981, peaking at 6th position.

In 1989, Snowstorm released a new version, "Sommarnatt '89", peaking at number 13 on the Swedish singles chart.

Lars Diedricson
Lars "Dille" Diedricson (12 August 1961 – 6 March 2017) was a Swedish musician and songwriter living in Skara.

He was a member of the band Snowstorm when it was founded in 1976 and in the 1990s Diedricson fronted the band Don Patrol who released two albums and opened for David Lee Roth in Europe in 1991. Don Patrol had reunited to release an album in 2015.

He won the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 as the songwriter for "Take Me to Your Heaven", performed by Charlotte Nilsson for Sweden.
Thomas Mason (physicist)
Thomas Mason (born August 9, 1964) is a Canadian-American condensed-matter physicist who serves as the director of Los Alamos National Laboratory. Prior to this appointment, he had been an executive at Battelle Memorial Institute from 2017 to 2018, and the director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 2007 to 2017.  Mason moved to Oak Ridge in 1998 at the start of construction of the Spallation Neutron Source which he led from 2001 until project completion in 2006.

Spallation Neutron Source
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source facility in the U.S. that provides the most intense pulsed neutron beams in the world for scientific research and industrial development. Each year, the facility hosts hundreds of researchers from universities, national laboratories, and industry, who conduct basic and applied research and technology development using neutrons. SNS is part of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle for the United States Department of Energy (DOE). SNS is a DOE Office of Science user facility, and it is open to scientists and researchers from all over the world.
Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's pommel horse
The men's pommel horse event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 24 July and 1 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 70 gymnasts from 35 nations (of the 98 total gymnasts) competed on pommel horse in the qualifying round.

Defending champion Max Whitlock of Great Britain repeated as Olympic champion to win his third Olympic title and sixth Olympic medal overall. Chinese Taipei's Lee Chih-kai won silver to earn Chinese Taipei's first Olympic medal in artistic gymnastics. Kazuma Kaya of Japan completed the podium with bronze, moving up from seventh in qualifications.

Chinese Taipei at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Taiwan competed under the designated name "Chinese Taipei" at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was also the nation's tenth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.

Taiwan rewards their Olympic gold medalists with 20 million New Taiwan dollars (US $716,000) and additionally rewards their athletes who finish from second to seventh or eighth in their events with proportionate trickled down amounts.
Connecticut's 107th House of Representatives district
Connecticut's 107th House of Representatives district elects one member of the Connecticut House of Representatives. It consists of the town of Brookfield and parts of Danbury and Bethel. It has been represented by Republican Martin Foncello since 2023.

Danbury, Connecticut
Danbury (/ˈdænbɛri/ DAN-berr-ee) is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, located approximately 50 miles (80 km) northeast of New York City. Danbury's population as of 2020 was 86,518. It is the third-largest city in Western Connecticut, and the seventh-largest city in Connecticut. Located within the heart of the Housatonic Valley region, the city is a historic commercial hub of western Connecticut, home to many commuters and summer residents from the New York metropolitan area and New England.

Danbury is nicknamed the "Hat City", because it was once the center of the American hat industry, during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The mineral danburite is named after Danbury, while the city itself is named for Danbury in Essex, England.

Danbury is home to Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury Fair Mall, and Danbury Municipal Airport.
Voskaičiai
Voskaičiai (formerly Russian: Воскайце, Polish: Woskańce) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 10 people. It is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Paaluonys, next to the A1 highway.

There was Voskaičiai okolica at the end of the 19th century.

Okolica szlachecka
In Poland and Lithuania okolica szlachecka (Lithuanian: akalyčia, akalica, bajorkaimis, Russian: околица, romanized: okolitsa) is a kind of estate village (neighbourhood of the nobility), or a complex of several villages of the same first part of the name and different second part. In the past, it was a single settlement, but later it has split, as the property has been divided into several inheritors. Such localities were usually inhabited by petty szlachta. They were common in the borderland of Mazovia and Podlachia in Poland and in central and north-west part of Lithuania. Many frequent toponymic (often noble) surnames are derived from their names.
Mexican Federal Highway 200
Federal Highway 200 (Carretera Federal 200), also known as Carretera Pacífico, is a federal highway of Mexico. The Carretera Pacífico is the main leg of the Pacific Coastal Highway within Mexico and travels along the Pacific Coast from Federal Highway 15 in Tepic, Nayarit, in the north to the Guatemala–Mexico border at Talismán, Chiapas, in the south. Upon entering Guatemala, the highway continues as Central American Highway 2 (CA-2).

Tepic
Tepic (Spanish pronunciation: [teˈpik] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of the western Mexican state of Nayarit, as well as the seat of the Tepic Municipality.

Located in the central part of the state, it stands at an altitude of 915 metres (3,002 ft) above sea level, on the banks of the Río Mololoa and the Río Tepic, approximately 225 kilometres (140 mi) north-west of Guadalajara, Jalisco. Nearby are the volcanoes of San Juan, Las Navajas, and Sangangüey. Tepic is the primary urban center of this rich agricultural region; major crops include sugarcane, tobacco and citrus fruits.

The city was founded in 1531 as Villa del Espíritu Santo de la Mayor España.
Tufahije
Tufahije (singular: tufahija) is a dessert made of walnut-stuffed apples poached in sugar water. It is very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Croatia.

The Bulgarian pechani yabalki are also stuffed with walnuts, but are usually baked, not poached.

Walnut
A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus Juglans (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia. They are accessory fruit because the outer covering of the fruit is technically an involucre and thus not morphologically part of the carpel; this means it cannot be a drupe but is instead a drupe-like nut.

After full ripening, the shell is discarded, and the kernel is eaten. Nuts of the eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) and butternuts (Juglans cinerea) are less commonly consumed.
Keystone Air Service
Keystone Air Service Ltd. was an airline that served Manitoba, Canada, with charter services to anywhere in North America. Keystone had been flying since 1985 and provided air charter service to as far north as Alert, Nunavut. In 2015 merged into Wings over Kississing.

Alert, Nunavut
Alert, in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada, is the northernmost continuously inhabited place in the world. The location is on Ellesmere Island (in the Queen Elizabeth Islands) at latitude 82°30'05" north, 817 km (508 mi) from the North Pole. It takes its name from the Royal Navy vessel HMS Alert, which wintered 10 km (6.2 mi) east of the present station off what is now Cape Sheridan in 1875–1876.

All Alert residents are temporary, typically serving three- to six-month tours of duty there. They staff a military signals intelligence radio receiving facility at Canadian Forces Station Alert (CFS Alert, which includes Alert Airport), as well as the Dr. Neil Trivett Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory, a co-located weather station and monitoring observatory, both operated by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC).

In the 2021 census, the permanent population was recorded as 0.
Sts. Apostles Peter and Paul Church (Prudnik)
The Sts. Apostles Peter and Paul Church, located in Prudnik, Poland, is a brick church. It is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Opole and is situated on the Piastowska Street. The church belongs to the religious order of Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God.

The architect of the church was Michał Klemens from Krnov. It was completed in 1787. In 1793 the church was decorated with a tower. The northern wing of the church was built during the World War I.

Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God
The Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, officially the Hospitaller Order of the Brothers of Saint John of God (abbreviated as OH), are a Catholic religious order founded in 1572. In Italian they are also known commonly as the Fatebenefratelli, meaning "Do-Good Brothers", and elsewhere as the "Brothers of Mercy", the "Merciful Brothers" and the "John of God Brothers". The order carries out a wide range of health and social service activities in 389 centres and services in 46 countries.
LinkCycle
LinkCycle is an American technology company that offers energy management software to manufacturing companies. LinkCycle uses data analysis techniques on available data streams to determine the energy usage for the production lines and machinery in a manufacturing facility. This "virtual audit" technique is a substitute for current time-consuming, manual techniques that give energy managers visibility into significant energy uses: (1) electricity meter devices and (2) energy audits.  In 2013, LinkCycle participated in the Boston chapter of TechStars, a startup accelerator, and has been recognized by several publications for its potential to make energy management affordable and expedient for large manufacturers.

LinkCycle is currently based in Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Energy audit
An energy audit is an inspection survey and an analysis of energy flows for energy conservation in a building.  It may include a process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output. In commercial and industrial real estate, an energy audit is the first step in identifying opportunities to reduce energy expense and carbon footprint.
Single Handed (book)
Single Handed is a 2015 biographical book by Daniel M. Cohen about Holocaust survivor, Korean War hero and POW, and Medal of Honor recipient  Tibor "Teddy" Rubin. As part of his research for the book, Cohen used 40 hours of recorded conversations with Rubin.

Daniel M. Cohen
Daniel M. Cohen is an American writer, producer, and director. He is the author of the biography Single Handed, about Medal of Honor recipient Tibor Rubin. Cohen wrote, produced and directed the film Diamond Men, starring Robert Forster, Donnie Wahlberg, and Bess Armstrong.
Igor Pasternak
Igor Pasternak is an American aviation entrepreneur, specializing in designing and building airships. He is best known as the founder and CEO of Aeros Corporation, an American manufacturer of airships based in Montebello, California and for his research on variable buoyancy control for airships. Igor Pasternak is an advocate of the cargo airship industry and lighter-than-air flight.

Dragon Dream
Dragon Dream (FAA registration: N866ML) is an experimental lighter than air (LTA) cargo rigid airship built by Worldwide Aeros Corp as a half-scale proof of concept prototype for a design which the manufacturer calls the "Aeroscraft". The development and design has been funded by the US government through the military Walrus HULA and then the  "Pelican" projects.
Australian Football World Tour
The Australian Football World Tour was a series of international rules football matches, organised by football sports broadcaster and former VFL umpire Harry Beitzel and Irish-born Melburnian James Harkin, in 1967 and 1968.

Meath GAA
The Meath County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste na Mí) or Meath GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Meath, as well as for Meath county teams.
1992 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation, ITF), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).

Stefano Pescosolido
Stefano Pescosolido (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsteːfano ˌpɛskoˈsɔːlido, - pes-] ⓘ; born 13 June 1971) is a tennis coach and a former professional player from Italy. He reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 42 in March 1992.

He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he was defeated in the first round by Brazil's Fernando Meligeni. The right-hander won two career titles in singles and one in doubles.
Konstantinos Gouvis
Konstantinos Gouvis (born 10 March 1994 in Heraklion) is a male former water polo player from Greece. He won with the Greek team the bronze medal at the 2013 Mediterranean Games. He was part of the Greek team at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Spain, where they finished in 6th place. He played for Olympiacos.

Water polo at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
The men's water polo tournament at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships, organised by the FINA, was held in the Piscines Bernat Picornell in Barcelona, Spain from 23 July to 3 August 2013.

Hungary won their third title by defeating Montenegro 8–7 in the final match.
Lost in the Dark (1947 film)
Lost in the Dark (Italian: Sperduti nel buio) is a 1947 Italian melodrama film directed by Camillo Mastrocinque. It was entered into the 1947 Cannes Film Festival. The film was based on a 1901 play of the same title by Roberto Bracco which had earlier been made into a 1914 silent film. The film's sets were designed by the futurist architect Virgilio Marchi.

Camillo Mastrocinque
Camillo Mastrocinque (11 May 1901 – 23 April 1969) was an Italian film director and screenwriter. He directed more than 60 films between 1937 and 1968, and is known to horror film fans for directing Terror in the Crypt (1964) starring Christopher Lee, and An Angel for Satan (1966) starring Barbara Steele.
Hello, Dolly! (Louis Armstrong album)
Hello Dolly! is a jazz album by Louis Armstrong and His All Stars, which at the time included Joe Darensbourg, Billy Kyle, Big Chief Russell Moore, Arvell Shaw, Danny Barcelona and Trummy Young. The tracks were mostly recorded on December 3, 1963, and April 18, 1964, in New York City. It was released by Kapp Records in 1964 and became Armstrong's most commercially successful album, it topped the Billboard Top LPs chart, during a seventy four-week stay on the chart.

Trummy Young
James "Trummy" Young (January 12, 1912 – September 10, 1984) was an American trombonist in the swing era. He established himself as a star during his 12 years performing with Louis Armstrong in Armstrong's All Stars. He had one hit with his version of "Margie", which he played and sang with Jimmie Lunceford's orchestra in 1937. During his years with Armstrong, Young modified his playing to fit Armstrong's approach to jazz.
Jū: Ninpō Makai Tenshō
Jū: Ninpō Makai Tenshō (Japanese: 十～忍法魔界転生～) is a Japanese manga series by Masaki Segawa, adapted from the novel Makai Tenshō by Futaro Yamada. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Young Magazine from August 2012 to June 2018, with its chapters collected in thirteen tankōbon volumes.

Futaro Yamada
Seiya Yamada (山田 誠也, Yamada Seiya; January 4, 1922 – July 28, 2001), known by his pen name Futaro Yamada (山田 風太郎, Yamada Fūtarō), was a Japanese author. He was born in Yabu, Hyogo. In 1947, he wrote a mystery short story Daruma-tōge no Jiken (達磨峠の事件; lit. "The Incident on Dharma Pass") and was awarded a prize by the magazine Houseki (宝石). He was discovered by Edogawa Rampo and became a novelist. He wrote many ninja (忍法帖 Ninpōchō series) and mystery stories. Many of his works have been adapted for film, TV, manga, and anime.
Devon Gummersall
Devon Gummersall is an American actor, writer, and television and film director best known for his role as Brian Krakow on ABC's My So-Called Life, for which he was nominated for two Young Artist Awards.

The Gates (TV series)
The Gates is an American supernatural crime drama television series that aired on the ABC network from June 20, 2010, to September 19, 2010.  The show was cancelled after its first season due to low ratings.
Ebenezer Tshimanga
Ebenezer Tshimanga is a South African rugby union player for Section Paloise in the Top 14. His regular position is wing.

Tshimanga was named in the Western Province side for the 2022 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his Currie Cup debut for the Western Province against the Pumas in Round 11 of the 2022 Currie Cup Premier Division.

Pumas (Currie Cup)
The Pumas are a South African professional rugby union team that competes in the Premier Division of the Currie Cup. The team draws their players from Mpumalanga Province (formerly known as the South Eastern Transvaal) and plays at the Mbombela Stadium in Mbombela, having previously also played at the Puma Stadium in Witbank.

The Pumas are a well supported team throughout Mpumalanga Province, with large fan bases located in Witbank, Middelburg, Ermelo and Mbombela.