hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sari Ibn al-Salah
Najm al-Dīn Abū al-Futūḥ Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Sarī, called Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ (died 1154), was a scholar who wrote critical commentaries on logic and mathematics. In total at least 17 works by Ibn al-Ṣalāh are extant today.

Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ was born either at Samsat or Hamadan. He trained as a physician. He served as court physician to Ilghazi (r. 1107–1122), the Artuqid ruler of Mardin. He ended his life in Damascus. He is known for his critique of errors in the transmission of Ptolemy's Almagest, for which he examined one Syriac and four Arabic manuscripts. He wrote a Treatise on Projection, commentaries on Galen and eight tracts on Euclid's Elements.

Samsat
Samsat (Kurdish: Samîsad, Ottoman Turkish صمصاد Semisat),  formerly Samosata (Ancient Greek: Σαμόσατα) is a small town in the Adıyaman Province of Turkey, situated on the upper Euphrates river. It is the seat of Samsat District. The town is populated by Kurds of the Bêzikan tribe.

Halil Fırat from the Justice and Development Party (AKP) was elected mayor in the local elections in March 2019. The current Kaymakam is Halid Yıldız.

Samsat was the ancient capital of Kingdom of Commagene. The current site of Samsat is comparatively new, however, being rebuilt in 1989 when the old town of Samosata was flooded during the construction of the Atatürk Dam. As of 2018, reconstruction process had not yet been fully completed. An ancient tell nearby dating back to Paleolithic times has survived to the current day.

Its population was 3,790 in 2022, up from 3,520 in 2017.
Anglo-American School of St. Petersburg
59°57′12″N 30°18′17″E﻿ / ﻿59.953424°N 30.304657°E﻿ / 59.953424; 30.304657

The Anglo American School of St. Petersburg (AASSP), located in Saint Petersburg, Russia, was a branch of the Anglo-American School of Moscow (AAS). It was an independent, non-profit, co-educational day school that served students from Kindergarten through Grade 12. The 280 students represented 34 nationalities. The school was closed on the 21st of September 2018 due to the American consulate in Saint Petersburg being closed.

Its campus is in proximity to the Saint Petersburg Zoo.

A part-time Japanese school, the St.Petersburg Japanese Language School (サンクト･ペテルブルグ日本語補習校 Sankuto Peteruburugu Nihongo Hoshūkō), held classes at the Anglo-American School Saint Petersburg branch.

Leningrad Zoo
The Leningrad Zoo  (Russian: Ленингра́дский зоопа́рк), sometimes called the Saint Petersburg Zoo or Sankt-Peterburgskiy Zoopark (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́ргский зоопа́рк), in Saint Petersburg (formerly Leningrad), Russia, is located in Alexander Park in the Petrogradskaya Storona. It was founded by Sofia Gerhardt and Julius Gerhardt in 1865. It has about 2,000 animals from 410 species, including polar bears. It is one of the oldest zoos in Russia, as well as the most northernly.

The zoo was renamed from "Zoological Garden" to "Leningrad Zoo" in 1952. In 1991 the name was retained, even after the city resumed its former name of Saint Petersburg, in commemoration of the zoo workers' deed of saving the animals during the Leningrad Blockade.
Angostura, South Dakota
Angostura is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Fall River County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 159 at the 2020 census.

It is northeast of the center of the county, between U.S. Routes 18/385 to the northeast and Angostura Reservoir to the southwest. Residential development is primarily in the Angostura Heights area in the southern part of the CDP. The shoreline area next to the reservoir is part of the state-managed Angostura Recreation Area.

The community is 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Hot Springs and 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Oelrichs.

U.S. Route 18
U.S. Highway 18 (US 18) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway in the Midwestern United States. The western terminus is in Orin, Wyoming, at an interchange with Interstate 25 (I-25). Its eastern terminus is in Downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. US 18, however, runs concurrent with other U.S. Highways from its western terminus to Mule Creek Junction, Wyoming. US 18 is one of the original U.S. Highways of 1926. The US 18 designation was originally proposed for a road in Michigan from Grand Haven east to Detroit. This roadway was eventually designated as US 16.
Škrlovica
Škrlovica (pronounced [ʃkəɾlɔˈʋiːtsa]) is a small village east of Dvorska Vas in the Municipality of Velike Lašče in central Slovenia. The municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Velike Lašče
The Municipality of Velike Lašče (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈlaːʃtʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Velike Lašče) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Velike Lašče. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The area is the birthplace of a number of notable Slovene writers: Primož Trubar, Josip Stritar, Fran Levstik, and Jože Javoršek.
Evil jungle prince
Evil jungle prince  is a Thai-inspired dish which was created in Hawaiʻi in 1977 by Laotian American Keo Sananikone for his Mekong restaurant in Honolulu.  Later versions by Sananikone included other proteins.  Sananikone also created the evil princess, but that is a cocktail and not a related dish.

The dish has been replicated in other restaurants, as far away as Vermont.

Laotian Americans
Laotian Americans (Lao: ຄົນລາວອາເມລິກາ, romanized: Khonlav Amelika) are Americans who trace their ancestry to Laos. Laotian Americans are included in the larger category of Asian Americans.  The major immigrant generation were generally refugees who escaped Laos during the warfare and disruption of the 1970s, and entered refugee camps in Thailand across the Mekong River. They emigrated to the United States during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s.

The category ‘Laotian American' includes all ethnic groups who lived within the borders of Laos, except the Hmong community.
The Kings of Sport
The Kings of Sport (French: Les rois du sport) is a 1937 French comedy film directed by Pierre Colombier and starring Raimu, Fernandel and Jules Berry.

It was made at the Billancourt Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacques Colombier. The football scenes were shot at the Stade de l'Huveaune home of Olympique Marseille, who were the reigning champions of France at the time.

Fernandel
Fernand Joseph Désiré Contandin (French pronunciation: [fɛʁnɑ̃ ʒozɛf deziʁe kɔ̃tɑ̃dɛ̃]; 8 May 1903 – 26 February 1971), better known as Fernandel ([fɛʁnɑ̃dɛl]), was a French comic actor. Born in Marseille, France, to Désirée Bedouin and Denis Contandin, originating in Perosa Argentina, a town located in the province of Turin, Italy, he became a comedy star, first gaining popularity in French vaudeville, operettas, and music-hall revues. His stage name originated from his marriage to Henriette Manse, the sister of his best friend and frequent cinematic collaborator Jean Manse. So attentive was he to his wife that his mother-in-law amusingly referred to him as Fernand d'elle ("Fernand of her").
Wayne Hardin
Irving Wayne Hardin (March 23, 1926 – April 12, 2017) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the United States Naval Academy from 1959 to 1964 and at Temple University from 1970 to 1982, compiling a career college football record of 118–74–5. Hardin led Navy to appearances in the 1961 Orange Bowl and the 1964 Cotton Bowl Classic, and coached two Midshipmen to the Heisman Trophy, Joe Bellino in 1960 and Roger Staubach in 1963.

After leaving Navy, Hardin coached the Philadelphia Bulldogs of the Continental Football League, leading the team to a championship in 1966. Hardin was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2013.

1964 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1964 Cotton Bowl Classic was the 28th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, Texas, on Wednesday, January 1. Part of the 1963–64 bowl game season, the game was a de facto national championship game, as both teams would be playing for the FWAA’s Grantland Rice Trophy. The top-ranked and undefeated Texas Longhorns, champions of the Southwest Conference, defeated the #2 Navy Midshipmen, 28–6, winning their first ever national title.

In this era, the final major polls (AP, UPI) were published prior to the bowl games, so Texas would retain those national championships, regardless of the outcome.
Paper doll
Paper dolls are figures cut out of paper or thin card with separate clothes, also made of paper, that are usually held onto the dolls by paper folding tabs. They may be a figure of a person, animal or inanimate object.

Paper dolls have been used for advertising, appearing in magazines and newspapers, and covering a variety of subjects and time periods. Over the years, they have been used to reinforce cultural beliefs regarding the appearance of ideal women.

Some flat plastic figures are similar to paper dolls, like Colorforms figures and Flatsy dolls, but these are imitations and not considered characteristic of the paper doll art form.

Flatsy doll
Flatsy Dolls are flat dolls that were made by Ideal Toy Company from 1969 through 1973.
 Designed by Hank Kramer, Flatsy Dolls were originally marketed to little girls. Like many vintage dolls, Flatsy dolls are now collector's items.
Rune Gustafsson (athlete)
Rune Gustafsson (1 December 1919 – 25 June 2011) was a Swedish middle-distance runner who broke the 1000 m world record in Borås in 1946. He lowered the previous record by Rudolf Harbig by 0.1 s to 2:21.4 min. The same year he also won the national and European titles in the 800 m.

Borås
Borås (UK: /bʊˈrɔːs/ buu-RAWSS, US: /buːˈrɔːs, buːˈroʊs/ boo-RAWSS, boo-ROHSS, Swedish: [bʊˈroːs] ⓘ) is a city (officially, a locality) and the seat of Borås Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 114,556 inhabitants in 2024. It is widely known for being a textile city, home to worldwide brands and companies as well as the prestigious Swedish School of Textiles, which is part of the University of Borås.
1995 Styrian Open
The 1995 Styrian Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Sportpark Piberstein in Maria Lankowitz, Austria that was part of Tier IV of the 1995 WTA Tour. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament and was held from 24 July until 30 July 1995. First-seeded Judith Wiesner won the singles title and earned $17,500 first-prize money.

WTA Tier IV tournaments
The WTA Tier IV tournaments were Women's Tennis Association fourth-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Some of the tournaments became Tier V events between 1990 and 1992, and later from 2001 to 2005, before being integrated back into Tier IV.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from 2008 were in one category, WTA International tournaments.
USCGC Sea Dragon
USCGC Sea Dragon (WPB-87367) is a decommissioned Marine Protector-class cutter that was assigned to one of two special Maritime Force Protection Units.  Each Maritime Force Protection Unit escorts nuclear submarines from one of the United States Navy's two main submarine bases.  Sea Dragon was assigned to Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay. The other Maritime Force Protection Unit escorts submarines near Bangor, Washington.

Sea Dragon was commissioned in January 2008. She was joined by a sister ship, USCGC Sea Dog, in May 2009. Sea Dragon and Sea Dog were decommissioned on May 29, 2024, and transferred to Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point. They were replaced by USCGC Sea Devil and USCGC Sea Fox, which had been carrying out the same duties in Washington.

United States Coast Guard Cutter
United States Coast Guard Cutter is the term used by the U.S. Coast Guard for its commissioned vessels.  They are 65 feet (19.8 m) or greater in length and have a permanently assigned crew with accommodations aboard.  They carry the ship prefix USCGC.
Mickel Pierre
Mickel Pierre (born March 13, 1988, in Arouca, Trinidad and Tobago), is a  field hockey player who plays in the midfielder position.

He has represented Trinidad and Tobago internationally at the Commonwealth Games, Pan American Games and Pan American Cup.

Pierre has played club hockey for Canterbury.

Men's Pan American Cup (field hockey)
The Men's Pan American Cup is a men's international field hockey competition organised by the Pan American Hockey Federation. The winning team becomes the champion of the Americas and qualifies for the FIH Hockey World Cup.

Argentina has won the tournament four times. Canada and Cuba have both won the tournament once.

The hosts together with six highest-ranked teams from the previous edition are qualified directly for the tournament, they are joined by the top team from the Men's Pan American Challenge or the top two teams if the host is already qualified.
MCM – Gospel Reprise: A Few More Gems
Gospel Reprise: A Few More Gems is an EP by rapper MCM (Mark Layman), former front man for UK hip hop group Caveman. The EP was digitally released on 23 April 2012 to support the previous MCM album The Gospel: The Missing Gems of MCM Caveman (1994-2011). It features several unreleased songs from the 1990s era not found on the 2011 album.

Ty (rapper)
Benedict Okwuchukwu Godwin Chijioke // ⓘ (17 August 1972 – 7 May 2020), better known by his stage name Ty /ˈtaɪ/, was a Nigerian-British rapper. He released the albums Awkward (2001), Upwards (2003), Closer (2006), Special Kind of Fool (2010)
and A Work of Heart (2018). Upwards was nominated for a Mercury Prize. Ty collaborated with musicians such as Shortee Blitz, Drew Horley, Tony Allen, Roots Manuva and De La Soul.
India-based Neutrino Observatory
India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a particle physics research project under construction to primarily study atmospheric neutrinos in a 1,200 meters (3,900 ft) deep cave under INO Peak near Theni, Tamil Nadu, India. It is planned to provide a precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters. The project is a multi-institute collaboration and one of the largest experimental particle physics projects undertaken in India.

The project was originally intended to be completed in 2015 at an estimated cost of ₹15,000,000,000 (₹15 billion or US$209.7 million), has been cleared by the Ministry of Environment for construction in the Bodi West Hills Reserved Forest in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu. After delay, the project was underway as of 2015.

When completed, the main magnetised iron calorimeter (ICAL) experiment is planned include the world's largest magnet, four times larger than the 12,500-tonne magnet in the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland.

Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) is a premier Indian nuclear research centre located in Kalpakkam, India. It is the second largest establishment of the Department of Atomic Energy, after Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). It was formed as Reactor Research Centre (RCC) on April 30, 1971 by an executive order by Vikram Sarabhai, the then Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission. It was renamed to its current name in December 1985 by former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.

The centre was originally established under the aegis and vision of Sarabhai as a space directed towards the development of fast breeder reactor technology in India, as part of the three-stage nuclear power program. Today, the centre is engaged in a multidisciplinary research programme in various scientific and advanced engineering fields coordinating with the primary nuclear energy research.
Ust-Kishert, Perm Krai
Ust-Kishert (Russian: Усть-Кишерть) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kishertsky District of Perm Krai, Russia. Population:  4,202 (2010 Census); 4,525 (2002 Census); 4,823 (1989 Soviet census).

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Tinkle (surname)
Tinkle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Donald W. Tinkle (1930–1980), herpetologist, ecologist and evolutionary biologist at the University of Michigan

Joslyn Tinkle (born 1990), American basketball player

Lon Tinkle (1906–1980), historian, author, book critic, and professor who specialized in the history of Texas

Tres Tinkle (born 1996), American basketball player

Wayne Tinkle (born 1966), American college basketball coach

Lon Tinkle
Julien Lon Tinkle (March 20, 1906 – January 11, 1980) was a historian, writer, book critic, and professor who specialized in the history of Texas. Tinkle, the long-time book editor and critic for the Dallas Morning News, was known for his award-winning books, including an engaging history of the battle of the Alamo and a biography of J. Frank Dobie. He is the namesake for the Texas Institute of Letters' highest honor, the Lon Tinkle Award for Lifetime Achievement.

Tinkle spent most of his life in Dallas, Texas, where he graduated from and later taught at Southern Methodist University.
Spinal interneuron
A spinal interneuron, found in the spinal cord, relays signals between (afferent) sensory neurons, and (efferent) motor neurons. Different classes of spinal interneurons are involved in the process of sensory-motor integration.  Most interneurons are found in the grey column, a region of grey matter in the spinal cord.

Sensory-motor coupling
Sensory-motor coupling is the coupling or integration of the sensory system and motor system. For a given stimulus, there is no one single motor command. "Neural responses at almost every stage of a sensorimotor pathway are modified at short and long timescales by biophysical and synaptic processes, recurrent and feedback connections, and learning, as well as many other internal and external variables".
Cliff Schmautz
Clifford Harvey Schmautz (March 17, 1939 – February 11, 2002) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right wing. The majority of his career, which lasted from 1959 to 1975, was spent in the Western Hockey League with the Portland Buckaroos, where he played together with his brother Arnie Schmautz and scored forty goals three times and led the league in scoring in the 1965–66 season.  He also played 56 games in the National Hockey League with the Buffalo Sabres and Philadelphia Flyers during the 1970–71 season. In his short NHL career, Schmautz scored thirteen goals and added nineteen assists. His younger brother Bobby Schmautz also played in the NHL.

Schmautz died on 11 February 2002 at the age of 62 due to complications from heart surgery.

Western Hockey League (1952–1974)
The Western Hockey League (WHL) was a minor professional ice hockey league based in Western Canada that operated from 1952 to 1974. The league was managed for most of its history by Al Leader, and had roots in the Pacific Coast Hockey League and the Western Canada Senior Hockey League. The championship trophy of the WHL was the Lester Patrick Cup.
1989 Virginia Slims of Chicago – Doubles
Lori McNeil and Betsy Nagelsen were the defending champions, but both players competed this year with different partners. McNeil teamed up with Hana Mandlíková and were forced to withdraw in the quarterfinals, while Nagelsen teamed up with Mary Joe Fernández and lost in the semifinals to Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva

Savchenko and Zvereva won the title by defeating Jana Novotná and Helena Suková 6–3, 2–6, 6–3 in the final.

Natasha Zvereva
Natalya "Natasha" Maratovna Zvereva (born 16 April 1971) is a former professional tennis player from Belarus. She was the first major athlete in the Soviet Union to demand publicly that she should be able to keep her tournament earnings. Zvereva and her main doubles partner Gigi Fernández are the most successful women's doubles team (measured by WTA Tour and major titles) since Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver.

On 12 July 2010, Zvereva was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame alongside Fernández.
Juli Sánchez
Juli Sánchez (born 20 June 1978) is an Andorran international footballer. He currently plays as a forward for Inter Club d'Escaldes.

Sánchez formerly played for FC Andorra, CF Balaguer and CD Binéfar; he made his international debut in 1996, in Andorra's first ever FIFA recognised international, against Estonia. He also scored in their first ever win, against Belarus on 26 April 2000.
His last international cap was a UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying game against France on 11 June 2019. At 40 years and 11 months, he became Andorra's oldest player ever. His record was eventually broken by Ildefons Lima in June 2021 and Marc Pujol in November 2024.

UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying Group H
Group H of UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying was one of the ten groups to decide which teams would qualify for the UEFA Euro 2020 finals tournament. Group H consisted of six teams: Albania, Andorra, France, Iceland, Moldova and Turkey, where they played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format.

The top two teams, France and Turkey, qualified directly for the finals. Unlike previous editions, the participants of the play-offs were not decided based on results from the qualifying group stage, but instead based on their performance in the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League.
Jean Hérold-Paquis
Jean Auguste Hérold, better known as Jean Hérold-Paquis (4 February 1912 – 11 October 1945) was a French journalist who fought for the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War.

In 1940 he was appointed as Delegate for Propaganda in the Hautes-Alpes department by the Vichy authorities. From 1942, he broadcast daily news reports on Radio Paris, in which he regularly called for the "destruction" of the United Kingdom. His catch phrase was "England, like Carthage, shall be destroyed!" He was a member of the French Popular Party, better known as the PPF, one of the two main Fascist parties under the Occupation.

After the Liberation, he fled to Germany and then Switzerland. In 1945, he was handed over to the French, and subsequently executed for treason on 11 October 1945 at the Fort de Châtillon.

French Popular Party
The French Popular Party (French: Parti populaire français, PPF) was a French fascist and anti-semitic political party led by Jacques Doriot before and during World War II. It is generally regarded as the most collaborationist party of France.