hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rieche formylation
Rieche formylation is a type of formylation reaction. The substrates are electron rich aromatic compounds, such as mesitylene or phenols, with dichloromethyl methyl ether acting as the formyl source. The catalyst is titanium tetrachloride and the workup is acidic. The reaction is named after Alfred Rieche who discovered it in 1960.

Phenol
Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile and can catch fire.

The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−C6H5) bonded to a hydroxy group (−OH). Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns. It is acutely toxic and is considered a health hazard.

Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 million tonnes a year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds, and is a liquid when manufactured. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, explosives such as picric acid, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs.
Architecture of Portland, Oregon
Portland architecture includes a number of notable buildings, a wide range of styles, and a few notable pioneering architects.

The scale of many projects is relatively small, as a result of the relatively small size of downtown-Portland blocks (200 feet by 200 feet) and strict height restrictions enacted to protect views of nearby Mount Hood from Portland's West Hills. Although these restrictions limit project size, they contribute to Portland's reputation for thoughtful urban planning and livability.

Many older buildings have been preserved and re-used, including many glazed terra-cotta buildings.

Portland is a leader in sustainable architecture and is known for its focus on urban planning. As of 2009, Portland has the second highest number of LEED-accredited "green" buildings of any city in the U.S., second only to Chicago.

Pietro Belluschi
Pietro Belluschi (August 18, 1899 – February 14, 1994) was an Italian-American architect. A leading figure in modern architecture, he was responsible for the design of over 1,000 buildings.

Born in Ancona, Italy, Belluschi began his architectural career as a draftsman in a Portland, Oregon firm. He achieved a national reputation within about 20 years, largely for his 1947 aluminum-clad Equitable Building. In 1951, he was named the dean of the MIT School of Architecture and Planning, where he served until 1965, also working as collaborator and design consultant for many high-profile commissions, most famously the 1963 Pan Am Building. He won the American Institute of Architects' Gold Medal in 1972.
Khirbet Abu Falah
Khirbet Abu Falah (Arabic: خربة ابو فلاح, translates to "Ruins of the Farmer's Father") is a Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, located 26 kilometers (16 mi) north of Ramallah in the central West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 4,394 in the 2017 census.

Dunam
A dunam (Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: دونم; Turkish: dönüm; Hebrew: דונם; Yiddish: דונאם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres [9,690 sq ft] in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres [26,910 square feet] in Iraq.

The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres [10,760 square feet]), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres [107,640 square feet]), like the modern Greek royal stremma.
Pourthiaea beauverdiana
Pourthiaea beauverdiana, known commonly as the Christmas berry, is a species of deciduous shrub or tree It is native to central and southern China, Taiwan, northern Vietnam, and Bhutan in the eastern Himalaya.

The species was first described as Photinia beauverdiana by Camillo Karl Schneider in 1906. The species epithet honors Swiss botanist Gustave Beauverd (1867-1942). In 1933 Sumihiko Hatusima placed the species in genus Pourthiaea as Pourthiaea beauverdiana.

Gustave Beauverd
Gustave Beauverd (1867–1942) was a Swiss botanist, specializing in Pteridophytes, Bryophytes, and Spermatophytes.

For a period of time he worked at the "Herbier Bossier", and is remembered for his investigations of the genus Melampyrum. He was a co-author of the series "Icones florae Alpinae plantarum", and the author of many works on diverse botanical subjects. In 1931 he became a member of the Société botanique de France.

He is the taxonomic authority of the genera Berroa, Parantennaria, Psychrophyton and Stuckertiella. The genus Beauverdia (family Alliaceae) was named after him by Wilhelm Gustav Franz Herter, and plants with the specific epithet of beauverdiana honor him, examples being Acacia beauverdiana and Photinia beauverdiana
Yukiko Horiguchi
Yukiko Horiguchi (堀口 悠紀子, Horiguchi Yukiko; born 28 January 1983) is a Japanese animator and illustrator from Kyoto Prefecture who worked for the anime studio Kyoto Animation. When illustrating a light novel, she uses the pen name "Shiromizakana" (白身魚). She is best known as the character designer for the anime adaptations of K-On! and Lucky Star and as the illustrator of the light novel series Kokoro Connect.

She is the older sister of BUNBUN (also known as abec), the original character designer for the anime Sakura Quest and the illustrator of the light novel series Sword Art Online and Sword Art Online: Progressive. She is close to her brother and was once part of a doujinshi circle with him.

Sakura Quest
Sakura Quest (Japanese: サクラクエスト, Hepburn: Sakura Kuesuto) is a 25-episode Japanese anime television series produced by P.A. Works and directed by Sōichi Masui. It aired from April 5 to September 20, 2017. The anime is described as part of P.A. Works' "working series", which tells the stories about people and their jobs, after Hanasaku Iroha and Shirobako.
V. M. Ummer Master
V. M. Ummer Master is an Indian politician and social activist from Kozhikode district. He is a member of the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML).

Between 2011 and 2016, Ummer Master served as the MLA of the Koduvally constituency, which he had won by a margin of 16,552 votes. During his tenure, he became one of 14 MLAs to achieve a perfect attendance record. In the 2006 and 2016 legislative assembly elections, he contested the Thiruvambady constituency but was defeated both times by CPI (M) candidate George M. Thomas.

2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The 2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, part of a series of state assembly elections in 2006, was held in three phases. The first phase was held on 22 April 2006, when 59 out of the 140 constituencies in Kerala voted. The second was held on 29 April for the 66 constituencies in central Kerala. The last phase of polling for the remaining 15 constituencies was on 3 May 2006. The counting was conducted on 11 May 2006.

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) -led Left Democratic Front beat the incumbent Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front by a margin of 56 seats. V. S. Achuthanandan, who led the CPI(M) was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Kerala on 18 May 2006.
Osornophryne sumacoensis
Osornophryne sumacoensis is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Ecuador and only found in the forests surrounding a small crater lake on the eastern slopes of Sumaco, a volcano in the Napo Province.

Napo Province
Napo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnapo]) is a province of Ecuador. Its capital is Tena. The province is named after the Napo River. The province is not well developed and does not have much industrial presence. The thick rainforest is home to many natives that remain isolated by preference, descendants of those who fled the Spanish invasion in the Andes, and the Incas years before. In 2000, the province was the sole remaining majority-indigenous province of Ecuador, with 56.3% of the province either claiming indigenous identity or speaking an indigenous language.

This province is one of the many located in Ecuador's section of the Amazon rainforest.

In Napo province are also Antisana Ecological Reserve, Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park, and Limoncocha National Biological Reserve.
Pedram Javaheri
Pedram "P.J." Javaheri (born May 24, 1983) is an Iranian-American meteorologist for CNN International formerly based at CNN World Headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. He can be seen regularly on editions of CNN Newsroom and World Business Today. He also fills in on HLN's Morning Express with Robin Meade and appears on CNN U.S. during breaking news and severe weather coverage.

CNN Center
The Center, formerly and still commonly called the CNN Center, is the former international headquarters of U.S. cable network CNN in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The main newsrooms and studios for several of CNN's news channels were located in the building. The facility's commercial office space was occupied by various units of the former Turner Broadcasting System, now part of Warner Bros. Discovery. The Center is located in downtown Atlanta adjacent to Centennial Olympic Park.

In 2020, CNN announced that it would relocate its Atlanta operations back to the Turner Broadcasting Techwood campus in Midtown Atlanta. The One CNN Center office building was acquired by CP Group in 2021. Production activities moved back in October 2023, while the last of CNN's domestic programs moved in February 2024.

On April 4, 2024, CP Group announced that CNN Center would be renovated, and was in the process of being rebranded as "The Center."
Zhu Xingyuan
Zhu Xinyuan (Chinese: 祝惺元; pinyin: Zhù Xīngyuán; Wade–Giles: Chu Hsing-yüan; born 1880) was a politician and diplomat in the Republic of China. He was an important politician during the Provisional Government of the Republic of China and the Wang Jingwei regime. His courtesy name was Yanxi (硯溪). He was born in Daxing, Zhili (now Beijing).

Zhili
Zhili, alternately romanized as Chihli, was a northern administrative region of China since the 14th century that lasted through the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty until 1911, when the region was dissolved, converted to a province, and renamed Hopei in 1928. The capital city of Imperial China, Beijing, was located within Zhili.
Rudkin
Rudkin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Rudkin (1941–2010) British, Commonwealth, and European bantamweight boxer

Charles Rudkin (1872–1957), British soldier, barrister and politician

David Rudkin (born 1936), English playwright

Ethel Rudkin (1893–1985), English historian, archaeologist, and folklorist

Filipp Rudkin (1893–1954), Belarusian Soviet Army major general

Frank H. Rudkin (1864–1931), American judge

Isabella Rudkin (born c.1821/3 – 1888) , Anglo-Irish child musical prodigy

Jon Rudkin (born 1968), English football coach

Margaret Rudkin (1897–1967), American business executive

Mark Rudkin, British soldier

Tommy Rudkin (1919–1969), English professional footballer

Frank H. Rudkin
Frank H. Rudkin (April 23, 1864 – May 3, 1931) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington.
Jess Maclennan
Jessica Maclennan (née Moulds; born 8 November 1989 in Helensville, New Zealand) is a New Zealand netball player, who currently plays for the Mainland Tactix in the ANZ Premiership. Formerly a shooter, she can play in the GK and GD positions. Maclennan formally played for the Northern Mystics, before joining the Tactix in 2014.

Maclennan played for the Fastnet Ferns in the 2010 World Netball Series, where she won a gold medal. She was also a part of the 2009 New Zealand U21 team, where she won a silver medal at the World Youth Championships.

In 2012, Maclennan made the newspapers all over New Zealand, when she was a part of the 'Harrison Hoist' where she lifted team-mate Anna Harrison to deflect a shot above the rim.

She is the older sister of New Zealand rugby union player Matt Moulds, who plays for the Blues in Super Rugby.

Moulds has a master's degree from the University of Otago, completed in 2013, with a thesis on the dietary habits of athletes with spinal-cord injuries.

2010 World Netball Series
The 2010 World Netball Series was the 2nd World Netball Series. England hosted Australia, Jamaica, Malawi, New Zealand and South Africa in a series, played in November 2010, at Liverpool's Echo Arena. South Africa made their series debut in this tournament. After two days of round-robin matches, Jamaica finished top of the ladder. However, in the semi-finals they lost to New Zealand. With a team coached by Robyn Broughton and captained by Maree Bowden, New Zealand went on to win the series for the second time after defeating England 28–26 in the final. Jamaica captain, Simone Forbes, was named tournament MVP.
Tiantongyuan station
Tiantongyuan station (Chinese: 天通苑站; pinyin: Tiāntōngyuàn Zhàn) is an interchange station between Line 5 and Line 18 of the Beijing Subway. The Line 5 station opened on October 7, 2007, and the Line 18 station opened on December 27, 2025.

Line 18 (Beijing Subway)
Line 18 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁18号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě shíbāhào xiàn), also known as the Line 13-18 temporary through service line, is a metro line that serves the northern suburbs of Beijing, from Malianwa in the west in Haidian District to Tiantongyuandong in the east in Changping District. The line is 19.8 km (12.3 mi) long with 11 stations, and has a stabling yard in Xiaoxinzhuang (小辛庄停车场). It currently does not feature an interchange with Line 13. The line originally planned to open between Dongbeiwang and Tiantongyuandong at the end of 2025, and open Shangdi Software Park and Malianwa in 2026, but due to the faster than expected construction progress, the entire section opened on December 27, 2025.
The Fable of the Roistering Blades
The Fable of the Roistering Blades is a 1915 short film directed by Richard Foster Baker, based upon a story by George Ade, and starring Wallace Beery and Charles J. Stine.  The silent short was produced by the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company and distributed by the General Film Company. Beery was thirty years old at the time of filming.

Essanay Studios
Essanay Studios, officially the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, was an early American motion picture studio. The studio was founded in 1907 in Chicago by George Kirke Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of Charlie Chaplin comedies produced in 1915–1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and Anderson were subsequently awarded special Academy Awards for pioneering contributions to film.
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge
The Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy (DMSM) is a large research and teaching division of the University of Cambridge. Since 2013 it has been located in West Cambridge, having previously occupied several buildings on the New Museums Site in the centre of Cambridge.

Following the changes to academic titles in 2021/2022 at the University of Cambridge, the academic staff of the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy no longer use the academic titles of Reader and Lecturer.  The list below reflects the new academic titles.

Colin Humphreys
Sir Colin John Humphreys (born 24 May 1941) is a British physicist and a hobbyist Bible scholar. He is the Professor of Materials Science at Queen Mary University of London.

He is the former Goldsmiths' Professor of Materials Science at the University of Cambridge and the Professor of Experimental Physics at the Royal Institution in London. He served as President of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining in 2002 and 2003. His research interests include "all aspects of electron microscopy and analysis, semiconductors (particularly gallium nitride), ultra-high temperature aerospace materials and superconductors." Humphreys also "studies the Bible when not pursuing his day-job as a materials scientist."
Mile Road System (Michigan)
Several counties in the state of Michigan use a Mile Road System to name different roads and streets. The most commonly known system is that of Detroit, including 8 Mile Road, the dividing line between Detroit and its northern suburbs as well as Wayne County and Oakland, Macomb and Washtenaw counties.  The roads in the Detroit-area system are laid out in a grid and named with reference to a zero-mile "point of origin" in Campus Martius Park in downtown Detroit.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Ron Ryckman Jr.
Ronald Ryckman Jr. (December 17, 1971) is an American politician who represented the 78th District in the Kansas House of Representatives from 2013 to 2023, and served as the Speaker of the House from 2017 to 2023. He was first elected to the Kansas House in 2012, and previously served on the Olathe City Council from 2009 to 2017.

Olathe, Kansas
Olathe (/oʊˈleɪθə/ oh-LAY-thə) is a city in and the county seat of Johnson County, Kansas, United States.  It is the fourth-most populous city in both the Kansas City metropolitan area and the state of Kansas, with a 2020 population of 141,290.
Trần Duệ Tông
Trần Duệ Tông (chữ Hán: 陳睿宗, 1337–1377), real name Trần Kính (陳曔), was the ninth emperor of the Trần dynasty who reigned Vietnam from 1373 to 1377. Duệ Tông succeeded the throne from his brother Trần Nghệ Tông who was credited with the re-establishment of Trần clan's ruling in Vietnam from Hôn Đức Công. During his short-lived reign, Duệ Tông had to witness the rising of Hồ Quý Ly in the imperial court and several consecutive attacks in Vietnam from Chế Bồng Nga, king of Champa. In 1377 Duệ Tông decided to personally command a major military campaign against Champa, this campaign was ended by the disastrous defeat of Trần's army in Battle of Vijaya where Duệ Tông himself was killed in action with many other high-ranking mandarins and generals of Vietnam. Duệ Tông's death was one of the main events that led to the collapse of Trần Dynasty in 1400.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Vert (music producer)
Vert (born Adam Butler, 1972, Portsmouth, England) is an English electronic music record producer who has been active since 1996.  His music incorporates elements from various electronic genres (earlier drum and bass, subsequently glitch and idm), as well as other genres, such as jazz and hip hop.

His first album, The Köln Konzert, was a remix cover mash-up of Keith Jarrett's original album, The Köln Concert.

Recently he has moved to a more song-based sound, using his own vocals in songs that have similarities with Tom Waits and make use of ragtime piano and big band horns.

Glitch (music)
Glitch is a genre of experimental electronic music that emerged in the 1990s, which is distinguished by the deliberate use of glitches in audio media and other sonic artifacts.

The sounds featured in glitch tracks usually come from audio recording device or digital electronics malfunctions, such as CD skipping, electric hum, digital or analog distortion, circuit bending, bit-rate reduction, hardware noise, software bugs, computer crashes, vinyl record hiss or scratches, and system errors, as well as abstract sound design produced from the intended use of these technologies. Devices that were already broken are often used, while other times devices are broken expressly for this purpose. In Computer Music Journal, composer and writer Kim Cascone classified glitch as a subgenre of electronica and used the term post-digital to describe the glitch aesthetic.
Whipple Lakes
Whipple Lakes is a group of named lakes in Crow Wing County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

The group consists of Little Whipple Lake, Lower Whipple Lake, and Upper Whipple Lake. Whipple Lakes were named for Henry Benjamin Whipple, an Episcopal bishop noted for his work with Indians in the state.

Crow Wing County, Minnesota
Crow Wing County is a county in the East Central part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,123. Its county seat is Brainerd. The county was formed in 1857, and was organized in 1870.

Crow Wing County is included in the Brainerd, MN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Chaos Esports Club
Chaos Esports Club is an American esports organization. Originally founded as Digital Chaos in 2015, the organization is best known for their Dota 2 team's Cinderella run at The International 2016 tournament, where they finished as the runner-up.

In April 2017, the organization announced the departure of founding member and owner Shannon "SUNSfan" Scotten. The following year, they expanded into other games, such as PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds, Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. Around the same time, the organization rebranded itself from Digital Chaos to Chaos Esports Club.

The International 2016
The International 2016 (TI6) was the sixth iteration of The International, an annual Dota 2 esports championship tournament. Hosted by Valve Corporation, the game's developer, the tournament began in June 2016 with the qualifier phase and ended after the main event at the KeyArena in Seattle in August. The tournament awarded the biggest prize pool in esports history at over $20 million, surpassing the record set at the previous International, with the champion team, Wings Gaming, winning over $9 million.