hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julia Hirschberg
Julia Hirschberg is an American computer scientist noted for her research on computational linguistics and natural language processing.  She received her first PhD in history from the University of Michigan and the second from the University of Pennsylvania in computer science doing research in Natural Language Processing.  She worked at Bell Labs and AT&T Bell Labs from 1985-2002 and from 2002 at Columbia University where she is currently the Percy K. and Vida L. W. Hudson Professor of Computer Science.

Computational linguistics
Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics draws upon linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mathematics, logic, philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, anthropology and neuroscience, among others. Computational linguistics is closely related to mathematical linguistics.
Ekpatta
Ekpatta was a veil, a simple loose draped garment similar to Dupatta. Ekpatta was made of fine fabric like muslin, a single breadth of fabric that was six cubits long and three cubits wider. It was frequently embellished with silver or gold lace work around the edges. Dresses such as peshwaj were worn with ekpatta.

Dupatta
The dupattā, also called chunni, chunari, chundari, lugda, rao/rawo, gandhi, pothi, orna, and odhni is a long shawl-like scarf traditionally worn by women in the Indian Subcontinent. Traditionally, in India, the dupatta is part of the women's lehenga or ghagra/chaniya choli. A lehenga is a three-piece outfit which is made up of a skirt, called a ghagra or chaniya; a blouse, called a choli, and a dupatta. The dupatta is worn over one shoulder, and traditionally, married women would also wear the dupatta over the head in temples or in front of elders.

The dupatta is also worn as part of the shalwar kameez which is worn by women in India, Pakistan & Bangladesh, particularly in parts of northern India and Deccan region. The Punjabi suit is worn in Punjab and Pakistan, it is another three piece outfit made up of trousers, called pyjama or salwar; a top, called a kurta or kameez, and the dupatta.
Terrence Oglesby
Terrence Rønnestad Oglesby (born March 12, 1988) is an American-Norwegian professional basketball player who last played for the Umeå BBK of the Swedish Basketligan. Before moving to Europe to play professionally, he had played college basketball for Clemson University. Born in Kongsberg, Norway, Oglesby holds dual citizenship with the United States and Norway.

A3 Basket
A3 Basket is a women's basketball club in Umeå, Sweden. The club was established with the 2012 squad from KFUM Umeå women's basketball section "Umeå Comets" after the club had decided to discontinue their women's team. A new club was formed under the name Umeå BasketBollklubb (Umeå BBK). Debuting in Basketligan dam during the 2012–13 season, the team ended up fifth and made it to the semifinals, before losing to the Norrköping Dolphins. The club also plays in the BWBL.
Eramosa Karst
The Eramosa Karst is a provincially significant Earth Science Area of Natural and Scientific Interest in Ontario, Canada, located in Stoney Creek, a constituent community of the City of Hamilton, and immediately south of the Niagara Escarpment.

It exhibits sixteen different karstic geological features, of which seven are provincially significant, and is considered to be the best example of karst topography found in Ontario. The area is composed of parcels of land that are provincially, municipally and privately owned. It received ANSI-ES designation on February 13, 2003.

Stoney Creek, Ontario
Stoney Creek is a community in the city of Hamilton in the Canadian province of Ontario located 10 km east of Downtown Hamilton and 57 km south-west of Toronto. It was a municipality until 2001, when it was amalgamated with Hamilton, Dundas, Ancaster,  Flamborough and Glanbrook to form the City of Hamilton.

The community of Stoney Creek is located on the south shore of western Lake Ontario, east of downtown Hamilton, into which feed the watercourses of Stoney Creek as well as several other minor streams. The historic area, known as the "Old Town", is below the Niagara Escarpment.

Stoney Creek experienced an increase in residential growth, particularly in the lower city in the 1970s and 1980s, and in the west mountain in the 1990s and 2000s, but most of the land mass of Stoney Creek remains agricultural. The communities of Elfrida, Fruitland, Tapleytown, Tweedside, Vinemount, and Winona serve as distinct reminders of the agricultural legacy of Stoney Creek and Saltfleet Township.
European Seniors Match Play Championship
The European Seniors Match Play Championship was a senior (over 50s) men's professional match play golf tournament played on the European Seniors Tour from 2000 to 2004. In 2000 and 2001 it was held at Penina Golf, Portimão, on the Algarve, Portugal, while from 2002 to 2004 it was held at Flamingos Golf, Marbella, Málaga, Spain. Prize money totalled £100,000.

The event was contested by 32 golfers and was played over four days with the first three rounds played on the opening three days and the semi-final and final played on the final day. All matches were over 18 holes with extra holes played if required to achieve a result. The winner received £16,000 with £11,000 for the losing finalist. Losing semi-finalists received £7,500, losing quarter-finalists £5,000, second round losers £2,500 and first round losers £1,125.

European Senior Tour
The European Senior Tour, currently titled as the Staysure Legends Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for male golfers aged 50 and over, run by the PGA European Tour. The tour was titled as the Staysure Tour for the 2018 and 2019 seasons after UK-based insurance company Staysure became the first title sponsors of the senior tour in December 2017. The tour was relaunched as the Legends Tour in 2020, after Ryan Howsam, founder and owner of Staysure, took majority ownership in a joint venture with the European Tour. The headquarters are based at Wentworth Golf Club, UK.

In 2025, the tour will play across four continents with a 20-event calendar, which will take place between February and December. Total prize fund for the year will be €20 million.
Bentley Falcons men's ice hockey statistical leaders
The Bentley Falcons men's ice hockey statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Bentley Falcons men's ice hockey program in various categories, including goals, assists, points, and saves. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Falcons represent Bentley University in the NCAA's Atlantic Hockey America.

Bentley began competing in intercollegiate ice hockey in 1977.  These lists are updated through the end of the 2024–25 season.

Save (goaltender)
In ice hockey and association football, a goaltender is credited with a save when they prevent a shot by the opponent from entering the net. A goaltender's efficiency in stopping shots, the save percentage, is calculated as a percentage of shots stopped divided by the total number of shots on goal. If a goaltender makes all the saves within a game it is called a shutout. In association football this is called a clean sheet.
Life of Joseph Smith from 1831 to 1837
The life of Joseph Smith, Jr. from 1831 to 1837, when he was 26–32 years old, covers the period of time from when Smith moved with his family to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1831, until he left Ohio for Missouri early in early January 1838. By 1831, Smith had already published the Book of Mormon, and established the Latter Day Saint movement. He had founded it as the Church of Christ, but eventually dictated a revelation to change its name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

Jackson County, Missouri
Jackson County is located in the western portion of the U.S. state of Missouri, on the border with Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 717,204. making it the second-most populous county in the state (after St. Louis County in the east). The county seats are Independence and Kansas City, making Jackson County one of 33 U.S. counties with more than one county seat. The county was organized December 15, 1826, and named for former Tennessee senator Andrew Jackson, who would become President of the United States three years later in 1829.
SV Drochtersen/Assel
SV Drochtersen/Assel is a German association football club from the municipality of Drochtersen, Lower Saxony. The club's greatest success has been promotion to the tier four Regionalliga Nord in 2015 after winning the Niedersachsenliga.

Landesliga Lüneburg
The Landesliga Lüneburg, called the Bezirksoberliga Lüneburg from 1979 to 1994 and 2006 to 2010, is the sixth tier of the German football league system and the second highest league in the German state of Lower Saxony (German:Niedersachsen). It covers the region of the now defunct Regierungsbezirk Lüneburg.

It is one of four leagues at this level in Lower Saxony, the other three being the Landesliga Braunschweig, the Landesliga Weser-Ems and the Landesliga Hannover.

The term Landesliga can be translated as State league.
Hermann von Wissmann (steamship)
Hermann von Wissmann was a German steamer on Lake Nyasa named after the German explorer Hermann von Wissmann who had raised funds for the vessel to be built in 1890 as an anti-slavery gunboat.

The attack of the British lake-steamer Gwendolen on Hermann von Wissmann while it was on a slipway at Liuli, was the first naval action of World War I. The British disabled the vessel briefly on Aug 13 1914, then in 1915 completely put the vessel out of action.

Hermann von Wissmann had a smaller sister vessel, named after Wissmann's wife, Hedwig von Wissmann, on Lake Tanganyika. This smaller vessel was involved in the exploits of Geoffrey Spicer-Simson which were the basis of The African Queen, a 1935 novel by C. S. Forester and the 1951 film of the same name starring Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn.

From 1916 to 1920 the boat served as HMS King George, then from 1920 as the cargo steamer Mlonda until it was scrapped in 1950.

C. S. Forester
Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), best known by his pen name C.S. Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare, such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic Wars.

The Hornblower novels A Ship of the Line and Flying Colours were jointly awarded the 1938 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. Other works include The African Queen and The Good Shepherd, both of which were later adapted as movies.

During World War II, he moved to the United States where he worked for the British Ministry of Information, writing propaganda for the Allied cause. He eventually settled in Fullerton, California, where he died in 1966 of complications arising from a stroke.
Josse Joseph de Lehaye
Josse Judocus Joseph de Lehaye-Dael (28 May 1800 – 22 September 1888) was a Belgian magistrate and liberal politician.

As a politician, he was a member of the National Congress, burgomaster of Merendree, member of the municipal council and mayor of Ghent (1854–1857), member of the provincial council of the province of East Flanders and a member of parliament. He was President of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives from 25 April 1855 until 13 June 1857.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area
The Eau Claire metropolitan area refers loosely to the urbanized area along the Chippewa and Eau Claire Rivers, in west-central Wisconsin, with its primary center at Eau Claire and secondary centers at Chippewa Falls and Altoona.

At a ribbon-cutting for the opening of the final stretch of the newly 4-laned section of WIS 29 between Green Bay and Elk Mound, in 2005, Gov. Jim Doyle referred to the region, including Menomonie to the west, as "Wisconsin's Golden Triangle."

Elk Mound, Wisconsin
Elk Mound is a village in Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 985 at the 2020 census. The village is located in the Eau Claire metropolitan area and is surrounded by the Town of Elk Mound.
Binjai United F.C.
Binjai United Football Club (simply known as BUFC or Binjai United) is an Indonesian football club based in Binjai, North Sumatra. They currently compete in the Liga 4 and their homeground is PTPN II Tandam Hulu Field.

Liga 4 (Indonesia)
Liga 4 (English: League Four) is the fourth-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia. The competition is organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the first season started in 2024.
Lusignano
Lusignano (or Lüxignan in Ligurian) is a hamlet in the municipality of Albenga, in the province of Savona, Italy. It is located about 4 km from the town of Albenga in a narrow strip of plain between the river Centa and the foothills bordering the plain to the south. The mountains are called the rock of pistulè. The name derives from the fundi rustic as Antognano, Aregliano, Velirano, Verano, all large-scale and exploiting the fertile plain.

The country is crossed by a river named Rio Carpaneto. The town developed along the ridge with a rather complex system, likely evidence of a more ancient origin than the other city of the plain.

During the excavations for the construction of a new residential complex in the region of in Rusineo, there were the ruins of a Roman villa of considerable size, which indicates a Roman presence in the area.

Roman villa
A Roman villa was typically a farmhouse or country house in the territory of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, sometimes reaching extravagant proportions.

Nevertheless, the term "Roman villa" generally covers buildings with the common features of being extra-urban (i.e. located outside urban settlements, unlike the domus which was inside them) and residential, with accommodation for the owner. The definition also changed with time: the earliest examples are mostly humble farmhouses in Italy, while from the Republican period a range of larger building types are included.
Kanpur Kalapani
Kanpur Kalapani is Namobuddha municipality ward no 5 in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2021 Nepal census it had a population of 26160 in 710 individual households in namobuddha municipality ward no 5. It occupies 102.4 square kilometres. The highest altitude is 2100m.Unique mountain range of Manasalu, Gaurishankar, Mt. Shishapangma, Dorje lakpa, Ganesh Himal, Langtang Lirung, Chova bamre, Jugal Himal, Numbur peak, gyaljen peak, Mt, Everest range.

Bagmati Zone
Bagmati Zone (Nepali: बागमती अञ्चलListenⓘ Bāgmatī Añcal) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restoration of zones to Provinces. Its headquarters are Kathmandu. It was named after the Bagmati River. It was in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The districts are now all part of Bagmati Province. The zone contains the Kathmandu Valley with its conurbation of 4.5 million inhabitants.
Xenocrates of Aphrodisias
Xenocrates (Greek: Ξενοκράτης; fl. 1st century) a Greek physician of Aphrodisias in Cilicia, who must have lived about the middle of the 1st century, as he was probably a contemporary of Andromachus the Younger. Galen says that he lived in the second generation before himself. He wrote some pharmaceutical works, and is blamed by Galen for making use of disgusting remedies, for instance, human brains, flesh, liver, bone ash, urine, excrement, etc. One of his works was entitled On Useful Things from Living Beings (Greek: Περὶ τῆς ἀπὸ τῶν Ζώων Ὠφελείας). He is several times quoted by Galen, and also by Clement of Alexandria; Artemidorus; Pliny; Oribasius; Aëtius; and Alexander of Tralles. Besides some short fragments of his writings there is extant a synopsis of a work on marine creatures, (Greek: Περὶ τῆς ἀπὸ τῶν Ἐνύδρων Τροφῆς) preserved by Oribasius.

Cilicia
Cilicia (/sɪˈlɪʃə/, sil-ISH-ə) is a geographical region of southern Anatolia in West Asia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia borders Pamphylia to the west, Lycaonia and Cappadocia to the north, Commagene to the north-east, Syria to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (Turkish: Çukurova). The region includes the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Ullin
Ullin as a personal name can refer to:

Ullin, in Germanic paganism, the female counterpart of Ullr in the theorized fertility pair Ullr and Ullin; or referring to the form Ullinn found in placenames

Ullin Place  (1924–2000), British philosopher and psychologist

Albert Ullin (1930–2018), German-Australian bookseller, founder of Australia's first children's bookstore

Ullin as a place name can refer to:

Ullin, Illinois

Glen Ullin, North Dakota

Ullin, Alberta

Ullr
In Norse mythology, Ullr (Old Norse: [ˈulːz̠]) is a god associated with skiing and archery. Although literary attestations of Ullr are sparse, evidence including relatively ancient place-name evidence from Scandinavia suggests that he was a major god in earlier Germanic paganism. Proto-Germanic *wulþuz ('glory') appears to have been an important concept of which his name is a reflex. The word appears as owlþu- on the 3rd-century Thorsberg chape.
Orrin Sheldon Parsons
Orrin Sheldon Parsons (April 3, 1866–September 24, 1943) was an American artist.  A painter, he produced portraits, landscapes, and New Deal promotions. He studied at the National Academy of Design with William Merritt Chase, Edgar Ward, and William Low.

After the 1912 death of his wife, photographer Caroline Reed Parsons, and contracting tuberculosis, he moved with his daughter Sara to Santa Fe, New Mexico, where he often showed his work at the Palace of the Governors. He became known for his paintings of landscapes, pueblos, and figures. He became the first director of the New Mexico Museum of Fine Art in 1918.

National Academy of Design
The National Academy of Design is an honorary association of American artists, founded in New York City in 1825 by Samuel Morse, Asher Durand, Thomas Cole, Frederick Styles Agate, Martin E. Thompson, Charles Cushing Wright, Ithiel Town, and others "to promote the fine arts in America through instruction and exhibition." Membership is limited to 450 American artists and architects, who are elected by their peers on the basis of recognized excellence.
Iron overload
Iron overload is the abnormal and increased accumulation of total iron in the body, leading to organ damage. The primary mechanism of organ damage is oxidative stress, as elevated intracellular iron levels increase free radical formation via the Fenton reaction. Iron overload is often primary (i.e, hereditary haemochromatosis, aceruloplasminemia) but may also be secondary to other causes (i.e., transfusional iron overload). Iron deposition most commonly occurs in the liver, pancreas, skin, heart, and joints.

People with iron overload classically present with the triad of liver cirrhosis, secondary diabetes mellitus, and bronze skin. However, due to earlier detection nowadays, symptoms are often limited to general chronic malaise, arthralgia, and hepatomegaly.

Arthralgia
Arthralgia (from Greek  arthro- 'joint' and  -algos 'pain') literally means 'joint pain'. Specifically, arthralgia is a symptom of injury, infection, illness (in particular arthritis), or an allergic reaction to medication.

According to MeSH, the term arthralgia should only be used when the condition is non-inflammatory, and the term arthritis should be used when the condition is inflammatory.
FM H-16-66
The H-16-66 was a 1,600 horsepower (1.2 MW) locomotive, with a C-C wheel arrangement that was manufactured by Fairbanks-Morse from January, 1951 until October, 1958 as a smaller alternative to their better known FM H-24-66 "Train Master" locomotive.  With an 8-cylinder prime mover developing 1600 hp compared to the H-24-66's 2400 hp from as 12 cylinder engine, the H-16-66 was commonly referred to as the "Baby Train Master".  Although sharing a common model designation, four different carbody variants existed with a total of only 59 locomotives produced.

AAR wheel arrangement
The AAR wheel arrangement system is a method of classifying locomotive (or unit) wheel arrangements that was developed by the Association of American Railroads. Essentially a simplification of the European UIC classification, it is widely used in North America to describe diesel and electric locomotives (including third-rail electric locomotives). It is not used for steam locomotives anywhere, which use the Whyte notation instead, except geared steam locomotives, which are instead classified by their model and their number of trucks (bogies in Commonwealth English). The AAR system (like UIC) counts axles, unlike Whyte notation, which counts wheels.
Anacampsis obscurella
Anacampsis obscurella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark, Fennoscandia, the Baltic region, Poland, Switzerland, Slovenia and Croatia.

The wingspan is 12–13 mm. Adults are on wing from June to September.

The larvae feed on Salix, Cerasus, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Prunus domestica, Prunus spinosa and Sorbus from within a rolled leaf.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
2024 Brisbane International – Women's singles
Elena Rybakina defeated Aryna Sabalenka in the final, 6–0, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2024 Brisbane International. She did not lose a set en route to her sixth WTA Tour title, becoming the first player to do so at Brisbane since Victoria Azarenka in 2016. The final was a rematch of the previous year's Australian Open final, in which Sabalenka had prevailed.

Karolína Plíšková was the two-time defending champion from when the event was last held in 2020, but lost in the third round to Jeļena Ostapenko.

This tournament marked the return to professional tennis of former world No. 1 and four-time major champion Naomi Osaka, who had not played a professional match since September 2022 due to maternity leave. She lost to Plíšková in the second round.

Jeļena Ostapenko
Jeļena "Aļona" Ostapenko (born 8 June 1997) is a Latvian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 19 March 2018, and No. 3 in doubles, attained on 14 July 2025. She is the current No. 1 singles player from Latvia, on both categories.

Ostapenko has won nine WTA Tour-level singles and twelve doubles titles, including a singles major at the 2017 French Open and a doubles major at the 2024 US Open, partnering Lyudmyla Kichenok. She has also won 15 singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and the junior singles event at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. She is a member of the Latvia Billie Jean King Cup team.