hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Melanie Matthews
Melanie Matthews (born 6 August 1986) is a Canadian softball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the collegiate level she played for Simon Fraser and Stetson.

Simon Fraser Red Leafs
The SFU Red Leafs or Simon Fraser Red Leafs teams (formerly the Simon Fraser Clan) represent Simon Fraser University (SFU), which is located in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. The Red Leafs are members of NCAA Division II and are the only Canadian or non-American university affiliated with the U.S.-based National Collegiate Athletic Association. The teams previously used the nicknames "Clan" and "Clansmen," which were used as a tribute to the Scottish heritage of the university's namesake, Simon Fraser. The names were retired in 2020 due to the negative connotation surrounding those terms. In September 2022, the updated nickname "Red Leafs" was announced.

In November 2025, SFU announced that it will seek readmission to U Sports, citing financial and logistical constraints for the decision. If the application is successful, The Red Leafs will leave the NCAA and U.S. competition at the end of the 2026–27 season.
Tobago Cycling Classic
The Tobago Cycling Classic is a one-day road bicycle race held annually in Tobago, the smaller of the two main islands that make up the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, in the Caribbean.

Created in 1986, at the beginning of October, for many years the race only featured local cyclists, but in 2000 opened to international riders. Formerly a stage race, since 2011 the race has been included on the UCI America Tour's calendar, carrying a one-day UCI rating of 1.2, and is also referred to as Tobago International.

UCI race classifications
The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world's governing body in the sport of bicycle racing, classifies races according to a rating scale.

The rating is represented by a code made of two or three parts and indicates both the type or style of race (the first part), and its importance or difficulty (the second and third parts, lower being harder). The first part can be an integer or an abbreviation, and the second part, when present, are usually integers. Both parts are separated by a period or decimal point (.).

A higher rated race will result in the successful riders receiving more world ranking points.
Megalorhipida
Megalorhipida is a genus of moths in the family Pterophoridae described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1935. Species in this genus are distributed in pantropical and subtropical climates. The species typically nests on host plants in the families Nyctaginaceae, Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae,
Goodeniaceae, Asteraceae, and Verbenaceae. The generic name is often misspelled as Megalorrhipida. The species formerly placed in the genus Antarches are now considered to belong to this genus.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".
193rd Tank Battalion (United States)
The 193rd Tank Battalion was a battalion of the United States Army during World War II. It was briefly reformed in the Colorado Army National Guard postwar.

The unit's history is primarily that of the 193rd Tank Battalion which served in the Pacific theater during World War II with the 27th Infantry Division, throughout, and during the Korean war. The battalion provided amphibious assault vehicles during the Gilberts assault/Operation Galvanic for the Battle of Makin, the assault on Butaritari, known to the U.S. troops at the time as Makin Island.

Colorado Army National Guard
The Colorado Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army, United States National Guard, and Colorado National Guard.  Nationwide, the Army National Guard comprises approximately one half of the US Army's available combat forces and approximately one third of its support organization.  National coordination of various state National Guard units is maintained through the National Guard Bureau.

Colorado Army National Guard units are trained and equipped as part of the United States Army.  The same ranks and insignia are used and National Guardsmen are eligible to receive all United States military awards. The Colorado Guard also bestows a number of state awards for local services rendered in or to the state of Colorado.

The Colorado Army National Guard is composed of over 3500 soldiers, maintaining 30 armories in 24 communities (as of 1999).
Auramine O
Auramine O is a diarylmethane dye used as a fluorescent stain. In its pure form, Auramine O appears as yellow needle crystals. It is insoluble in water and soluble in ethanol and DMSO.

Auramine O can be used to stain acid-fast bacteria (e.g. Mycobacterium, where it binds to the mycolic acid in its cell wall) in a way similar to Ziehl–Neelsen stain. It can also be used as a fluorescent version of the Schiff reagent.

Auramine O can be used together with Rhodamine B as the Truant auramine-rhodamine stain for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can be also used as an antiseptic agent.

Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S=O. This colorless liquid is the sulfoxide most widely used commercially. It is an important polar aprotic solvent that dissolves both polar and nonpolar compounds and is miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as water. It has a relatively high boiling point. DMSO is metabolised to compounds that leave a garlic-like taste in the mouth after DMSO is absorbed by skin.

In terms of chemical structure, the molecule has idealized Cs symmetry. It has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry consistent with other three-coordinate S(IV) compounds, with a nonbonded electron pair on the approximately tetrahedral sulfur atom.
Allan Brigham
Allan Brigham (1951–2020) was a British road sweeper, historian, and tour guide.
His historical writing includes Bringing It All Back Home (2006), a report published by the Chartered Institute of Housing, lamenting the  decline of the Romsey neighbourhood of Cambridge, and his many contributions as a founder member of the Mill Road History Project, funded by the National Lottery Heritage Fund in 2013. 
His honours include a Tidy Britain Group Silver Broom award and an honorary degree from the University of Cambridge.

Street sweeper
A street sweeper or street cleaner is a person or machine that cleans streets.

People have worked in cities as "sanitation workers" since sanitation and waste removal became a priority. A street-sweeping person would use a broom and shovel to clean off litter, animal waste and filth that accumulated on streets. Later, water hoses were used to wash the streets.

Street sweepers as machines were created in the 19th century to do the job more easily. Today, modern street sweepers are mounted on truck bodies and can vacuum debris that accumulates in streets.
Ken McFadden
Ken "Mouse" McFadden is a former basketball player. He attended Seward Park High School in New York. He played at Cleveland State University from 1985–1989. He helped lead Cleveland State to three postseason appearances and a trip to the Sweet Sixteen. His number 10 is one of only four numbers to have been retired by Cleveland State. He scored 2,256 points for the Vikings from 1985 to 1989, which is still the Cleveland State record for career points scored. He finished his college career as the all-time leading scorer in Mid-Continent Conference history.  He also played in the CBA and USBL. He then went to work for Cleveland State's athletic department before being fired for accusing associate athletic director Chris Sedlock of writing numerous papers for basketball players.

Cleveland State University
Cleveland State University (CSU) is a public research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1964 and opened for classes in 1965 after acquiring the entirety of Fenn College, a private school that had been in operation since 1923. CSU absorbed the Cleveland-Marshall School of Law in 1969. Today it is part of the University System of Ohio, has more than 120,000 alumni, and offers over 200 academic programs amongst eight colleges. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Deaths in June 2001
The following is a list of notable deaths in June 2001.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Nepalese royal massacre
The Nepalese royal massacre (also called Durbar Hatyakanda, दरबार हत्याकाण्ड) was a mass shooting which occurred on 1 June 2001 at the Narayanhiti Palace, the then-residence of the Nepali monarchy, resulting in the deaths of nine members of the royal family, including King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya. A government-appointed inquiry team named Crown Prince Dipendra as the perpetrator of the massacre. Dipendra was declared king following the death of his parents but was comatose after shooting himself at the scene; he died in a hospital three days later without regaining consciousness. Birendra's brother Gyanendra then became king.
Nagasone Kotetsu
Nagasone Kotetsu (長曾禰 虎徹; c. 1597 – June 24, 1678) (born Nagasone Okisato) was a Japanese swordmaker of the early Edo period. His father was an armorer who served Ishida Mitsunari, the lord of Sawayama. However, as Ishida was defeated by Tokugawa Ieyasu at the Battle of Sekigahara, the Nagasone family and some other craftsmen from Sawayama went to Echizen Province, where they took refuge in Fukui City.

Battle of Sekigahara
The Battle of Sekigahara (Shinjitai: 関ヶ原の戦い; Kyūjitai: 關ヶ原の戰い, Hepburn romanization: Sekigahara no Tatakai) was an important battle in Japan which occurred on October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month) in what is now Gifu Prefecture, Japan, at the end of the Sengoku period.

This battle was fought by the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu against a coalition loyal to the Toyotomi clan, led by Ishida Mitsunari on behalf of the young child Toyotomi Hideyori, from which several commanders defected before or during the battle, leading to a Tokugawa victory. The Battle of Sekigahara is often regarded as the most important battle in Japanese history.

Mitsunari's defeat in the Battle of Sekigahara is generally considered to be the beginning point of the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan for another two and a half centuries until 1868.
Bromate
The bromate anion, BrO−3, is a bromine-based oxoanion. A bromate is a chemical compound that contains this ion. Examples of bromates include sodium bromate (NaBrO3) and potassium bromate (KBrO3).

Bromates are formed many different ways in municipal drinking water. The most common is the reaction of ozone and bromide:

Br− + O3 → BrO−3

Electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis of brine without a membrane operating to form hypochlorite, will also produce bromate when bromide ion is present in the brine solution.

Photoactivation (sunlight exposure) will encourage liquid or gaseous bromine to generate bromate in bromide-containing water.

In laboratories bromates can be synthesized by dissolving Br2 in a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The following reactions will take place (via the intermediate creation of hypobromite):

Br2 + 2 OH− → Br− + BrO− + H2O

3 BrO− → BrO−3 + 2 Br−

Photoswitch
A photoswitch is a type of molecule that can change its structural geometry and chemical properties upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation. Although often used interchangeably with the term molecular machine, a switch does not perform work upon a change in its shape whereas a machine does. However, photochromic compounds are the necessary building blocks for light-driven molecular motors and machines. Upon irradiation with light, photoisomerization about double bonds in the molecule can lead to changes in the cis- or trans- configuration. These photochromic molecules are being considered for a range of applications.
1958 World Sportscar Championship
The 1958 World Sportscar Championship was a motor racing series for sportscars which ran from 26 January to 13 September 1958 and comprised six races in six countries. It was the sixth World Sportscar Championship.

The championship was won by Ferrari.

World Sportscar Championship
The World Sportscar Championship was the world endurance racing series run for sports car racing, sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), from 1953 to 1992. The championship evolved from a small collection of the most important sportscar, endurance, and road racing events in Europe and North America with dozens of gentleman drivers at the grid to a professional racing series where the world's largest automakers spent millions of dollars per year.

The official name of the series frequently changed throughout the years but was generally known as the World Sportscar Championship from its inception in 1953. Alongside the Formula One World Championship, it was one of the two major World Championships in circuit motor racing. The championship was revived in the 2012 season under the new name as the FIA World Endurance Championship.
Becoming Led Zeppelin
Becoming Led Zeppelin is a 2025 documentary film directed by Bernard MacMahon which charts the formation and early years of Led Zeppelin. The film is an independent production made with the full co-operation of the band – the first time they have participated in a biographical documentary. A work-in-progress was screened at the 78th Venice Film Festival in 2021 to a 10-minute standing ovation.

The film premiered in several countries on February 7, 2025.

Work in process
Work in process or work-in-process, (WIP), work in progress (WIP), goods in process, or in-process inventory refers to a company's partially finished goods waiting for completion and eventual sale, or the value of these items. The term is used in supply chain management, and WIP is a key input for calculating inventory on a company's balance sheet. In lean thinking, inappropriate processing or excessive processing of goods or work in process, "doing more than is necessary", is seen as one of the seven wastes (Japanese term: muda) which do not add value to a product.
Sawdust in My Veins
Sawdust in My Veins is the debut solo studio album by Scottish singer-songwriter James Grant, released in the UK by Survival Records on 27 April 1998. The album reached number 42 in the Scottish Albums Chart.

A single, "Pray the Dawn", was released in the UK on 6 April 1998. The album was released in the US by Valley Entertainment on 26 September 2000.

Scottish Singles and Albums Charts
The Scottish Albums Chart is a chart compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC) which is based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Albums Chart fare in Scotland. The official singles chart for Scotland, the Scottish Singles Chart, which was based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Singles Chart were faring in Scotland has not been published since 20 November 2020.

Since 20 November 2020, only the Scottish Albums Chart has been published by the OCC, and it has been based on physical sales only, with the OCC only publishing the albums chart on their website since 11 December 2020.
Boea hygroscopica
Boea hygroscopica (known as rock violet) is one of 15 species of flowering plant of the Boea genus in the gesneriad family. It is considered a 'resurrection plant' because of its ability to withstand virtually total water loss. Detached leaves of B. hydroscopica can withstand desiccation by increasing the small amount of constitutive glutathione by up to 50 times.

It is endemic to Queensland, Australia and is found growing along creek beds, on moist banks and moss-covered rocks in rainforest, open forest, vine forest and gallery forest.

Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
Kress High School
Kress High School is a public high school located in Kress, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL.  It is part of the Kress Independent School District located in southern Swisher County.  In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Lasiodiplodia iraniensis
Lasiodiplodia iraniensis is a species of endophytic fungus. It was first isolated in Mangifera indica, Eucalyptus and citrus species, Salvadora persica, Juglans species and Terminalia catapa in Iran. It has since been isolated in other plants in other continents, and is considered a plant pathogen.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Red Hook Crit
Red Hook Crit was a criterium cycle race, held annually in Red Hook, Brooklyn starting in 2008. The series was founded by David Trimble. Red Hook races were also held in three European cities: Milan starting in 2010, Barcelona starting in 2013, and at the Greenwich Peninsula, London in 2015.

Riders used brakeless fixed-gear bicycles. There were often crashes during the races due to the high speeds and technical courses. It was at one time sponsored by Rockstar Games, among others.

A women's competition was added to the event in 2014.

In 2019 the race series was canceled.

Eduard-Michael Grosu
Eduard-Michael Grosu (born 4 September 1992) is a Romanian professional racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team HRE Mazowsze Serce Polski. He is the first Romanian to ride professionally.
Francis William Kennedy
Admiral Francis William Kennedy, CB (15 December 1862 – 11 July 1939) was a Royal Navy officer.

The son of Robert Kennedy, Lord Lieutenant of Kildare, he entered the Royal Navy in January 1876. He participated in the Anglo-Egyptian War and punitive expeditions in Africa.

Kennedy assumed command of the battlecruiser HMS Indomitable in 1912. He participated in the pursuit of Goeben and Breslau in 1914 and the Battle of Jutland in 1916.

A West African flag he brought back from the Benin Expedition of 1897 is in the collection of the National Maritime Museum in London, as is a personal flag of Itsekiri chief and trader Nana Olumu.

HMS Indomitable (1907)
HMS Indomitable  was one of three Invincible-class battlecruisers built for the Royal Navy before World War I and had an active career during the war. She tried to hunt down the German ships Goeben and Breslau in the Mediterranean when war broke out and bombarded Turkish fortifications protecting the Dardanelles even before the British declared war on Turkey in the Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau She helped to sink the German armoured cruiser Blücher during the Battle of Dogger Bank in 1915 and towed the damaged British battlecruiser HMS Lion to safety after the battle. She damaged the German battlecruisers Seydlitz and Derfflinger during the Battle of Jutland in mid-1916 and watched her sister ship HMS Invincible explode. Deemed obsolete after the war, she was sold for scrap in 1921.
Smith Quartet
The Smith Quartet is a UK based string quartet founded in 1988 that specializes in the performance of contemporary classical music, and is actively performing worldwide and recording as of 2006. They have premiered over 100 works by composers such as Kevin Volans, Graham Fitkin, Michael Nyman, Karl Jenkins, and Sally Beamish. They have also collaborated with dance companies and musicians in other genres, notably jazz composer Django Bates and Britpop band Pulp. The quartet frequently uses amplification and live electronics in performance to expand their range of performing venues and repertoire.

Their performance of Steve Reich's Different Trains was featured in the film Holocaust.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
Doin' It Again
Doin' It Again is the third studio album by English rapper Skepta. It features artists N-Dubz, Preeya Kalidas, Charlee Drew, Boy Better Know and Chip and was released on 31 January 2011 on Boy Better Know and All Around the World. The album's release was preceded by four singles which attained varied chart success on the UK Top 40 Singles chart throughout 2010.

Xploded Music
Xploded Music is a British record label set up by Cris Nuttall and Matt Cadman. The label is a joint venture with Universal, and has developed from their previous partnership with the All Around the World dance music label. All Around the World (also known as AATW) originated in Blackburn  and has had success with artists such as N-Trance, Cascada, Scooter, Dannii Minogue, Armin van Buuren, Lost Frequencies, N-Dubz, Loud Luxury, Skepta, Starley, Yolanda Be Cool, and many more. AATW also owned & operated four music TV channels; Clubland TV, and three Now Music-branded channels - Now 70s, Now 80s and Now 90s, all of which are now fully owned by Universal.
Obstruent
An obstruent (/ˈɒbstruənt/ OB-stroo-ənt) is a speech sound such as [k], [d͡ʒ], or [f] that is formed by obstructing airflow. Obstruents contrast with sonorants, which have no such obstruction and so resonate. All obstruents are consonants, but sonorants include vowels as well as consonants.

Airflow
Airflow, or air flow, is the movement of air. Air behaves in a fluid manner, meaning particles naturally flow from areas of higher pressure to those where the pressure is lower. Atmospheric air pressure is directly related to altitude, temperature, and composition.

In engineering, airflow is a measurement of the amount of air per unit of time that flows through a particular device.
It can be described as a volumetric flow rate (volume of air per unit time) or a mass flow rate (mass of air per unit time). What relates both forms of description is the air density, which is a function of pressure and temperature through the ideal gas law. The flow of air can be induced through mechanical means (such as by operating an electric or manual fan) or can take place passively, as a function of pressure differentials present in the environment.