hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arshty
Arshty is a rural locality (a selo) in Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia, located on left bank of the river Arshtynka near the border with the Republic of Chechnya. It forms the municipality of the rural settlement of Arshty as the only settlement in its composition.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
A German Requiem (Brahms)
A German Requiem, to Words of the Holy Scriptures, Op. 45 (German: Ein deutsches Requiem, nach Worten der heiligen Schrift) by Johannes Brahms, is a large-scale work for chorus, orchestra, and soprano and baritone soloists, composed between 1865 and 1868. It comprises seven movements, which together last 65 to 80 minutes, making this work both Brahms's longest composition and largest-ensemble work. A German Requiem is sacred but non-liturgical, and unlike a long tradition of the Latin Requiem, A German Requiem, as its title states, is set in the German language.

Music for the Requiem Mass
Music for the Requiem Mass is any music that accompanies the Requiem, or Mass for the Dead, in the Catholic Church. This church service has inspired hundreds of compositions, including settings by Victoria, Mozart, Berlioz, Verdi, Fauré, Dvořák, Duruflé and Britten. For centuries settings of the Mass for the Dead were to be chanted in liturgical service monophonically. Later the settings became polyphonic, Victoria's famous 1605 a cappella work being an example. By Mozart's time (1791) it was standard to embed the dramatic and long Dies irae (Day of Wrath) sequence, and to score with orchestra. Eventually many settings of the Requiem, not least Verdi's (1874), were essentially concert pieces unsuitable for church service.
Miroslav Naydenov
Miroslav Hristoforov Naydenov, also sometimes spelled as Naidenov (Bulgarian: Мирослав Христофоров Найденов [ˈnajdɛnof]) was a Bulgarian politician of the GERB party and former Minister of Agriculture and Forestry (2009–2013) in the eighty-seventh government of Bulgaria of Prime Minister Boyko Borisov. After leaving GERB, Naydenov's name was mentioned a couple of times in the news in the context of smaller political projects.

GERB
GERB (ГЕРБ), an acronym for Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Граждани за европейско развитие на България, romanized: Grazhdani za evropeysko razvitie na Bŭlgaria), is a conservative center-right populist political party which was the ruling party of Bulgaria during the periods between 2009–2013, 2016–2021, 2025–present and was supporting the Denkov government between 2023–2024.
Phek, Nepal
Phek  is a village development committee in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4543 people living in 759 individual households.

Palpa District
Palpa District (Nepali: पाल्पा जिल्लाListenⓘ, a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Tansen as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,373 km2 (530 sq mi) and has a population (2021) of  245,027.

Palpa District is not far from Pokhara and easily reached by bus.  Palpa was the seat of the Hindu Sen kingdom that ruled over this region from the 16th century for almost 300 years so the headquarter of Palpa is called "Tansen" (Nepali: तानसेन).
Canton of La Grand-Croix
The canton of La Grand-Croix is a French former administrative division located in the department of Loire and the Rhone-Alpes region. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It had 24,646 inhabitants (2012).

The canton comprised the following communes:

Loire (department)
Loire (/lwɑːr/; French pronunciation: [lwaʁ]; Arpitan: Lêre; Occitan: Léger or Leir) is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France occupying the river Loire's upper reaches. Its prefecture is Saint-Étienne. It had a population of 765,634 in 2019.
Imidazothiazoles
Imidazothiazoles are a class of chemical compounds containing a bicyclic heterocycle (a double ring system) consisting of an imidazole ring fused to a thiazole ring. The structure contains three non-carbon or heteroatoms: two nitrogen atoms and one sulfur atom. Imidazothiazole derivatives show a broad spectrum of in vitro, i.e. "in the petri dish", activity such as anticancer, antipsychotic, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anthelmintic (against cancer, psychosis, microorganisms, fungi and worms, respectively).

Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's prescription, but a few are available over the counter (OTC). The evolution of antifungal resistance is a growing threat to health globally.
Neville D'Souza
Neville Steven Joseph D'Souza (3 August 1932 – 16 March 1980) was an Indian footballer who played as a striker. During the "golden era of Indian football" under legendary coach Syed Abdul Rahim, he was recognised one of the finest strikers of the Indian national team and having a good eye for goal. He appeared in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and finished the campaign as joint top scorer of the tournament with four goals, inducing a hat-trick in the quarterfinals against hosts Australia.

D'Souza was also a field hockey player, having represented various teams in both domestic and international tournaments.

Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament
The Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament was an annual football tournament first held in Colombo, Ceylon. It was also alternatively known as Colombo Cup. Established in 1952 by the Ceylon Football Association as a part of the Colombo Fair, the national sides of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (formerly known as Ceylon) and Burma played each other in a round robin tournament. The tournament was last played in 1955. In 1953 it was hosted in Rangoon, Burma, in 1954 at Calcutta, India, and finally at Dacca, East Pakistan.
Overhead microphone
Overhead microphones are those used in sound recording and live sound reproduction to pick up ambient sounds, transients and the overall blend of instruments. They are used in drum recording to achieve a stereo image of the full drum kit, as well as orchestral recording to create a balanced stereo recording of full orchestras.

Transient (acoustics)
In acoustics and audio, a transient is a high amplitude, short-duration sound at the beginning of a waveform that occurs in phenomena such as musical sounds, noises or speech.  Transients do not necessarily directly depend on the frequency of the tone they initiate. It contains a high degree of non-periodic components and a higher magnitude of high frequencies than the harmonic content of that sound.

Transients are more difficult to encode with many audio compression algorithms, causing pre-echo.
Francis Aungier, 1st Baron Aungier of Longford
Francis Aungier, 1st Baron Aungier of Longford (1558–1632), also known as Lord Aungier, was the progenitor of the Earldom of Longford, member of the House of Lords, Privy Councillor for Ireland and Master of the Rolls in Ireland under James I and Charles I.

Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises a head of state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchical government. The term "privy" (from French privé) signifies private or secret. Consequently, a privy council, more common in the past, existed as a group of a ruling monarch's most trusted court advisors. Its purpose was to consistently provide confidential advice on matters of state. Despite the abolition of monarchy, some privy councils remained operational, while others were individually disbanded, allowing the monarchical system to continue to exist without a secret crown council.
Luke Miller (politician)
Luke Miller (August 18, 1815 – July 12, 1881) was an American physician and politician.

Miller was born  in Peterborough, New Hampshire. He graduated from University of Vermont in 1841 and then received his medical degree from Woodstock Medical College, Woodstock, Vermont, in 1844. He moved to Minnesota in 1851. Miller moved to Chatfield, Minnesota in 1857 and then moved to Lanesboro, Minnesota in 1859. He was a physician and served as the vice-president of the Minnesota Southern Railway. Miller served in the Minnesota Senate from 1862 to 1868 and was a Republican. Miller died in Lanesboro, Minnesota.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Ancistrocerus gazella
Ancistrocerus gazella, known as the European potter wasp or European tube wasp, is a species of potter wasp. As an imago (adult), the female collects as many as 20 caterpillars for each nest, which consists of a single cell. Her larval offspring then feed on these inside the nest, which is sealed with mud arranged by her. As adults, they eat nectar and aphid honeydew. Males cannot sting, and the sting of a female is not painful. They can be found on windows, foraging for nectar on flowers, or searching out small cracks or holes in which to nest.

Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, honeyeaters and bats. 
Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for honey.

Nectar is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adult stages of some predatory insects feed on nectar. For example, a number of predacious or parasitoid wasps (e.g., the social wasp species Apoica flavissima) rely on nectar as a primary food source. In turn, these wasps then hunt agricultural pest insects as food for their young.

Nectar is most often associated with flowering plants (angiosperms), but it is also produced by other groups, including ferns.
Leo Dorfman
Leo Dorfman (February 17, 1914 – July 9, 1974) (also credited as Geoff Brown and David George) was an American writer of comic books throughout the Silver Age. Although the majority of his work was for DC Comics, he also wrote for Dell Comics and Gold Key Comics.

The Superman Family
The Superman Family is an American comic book series published by DC Comics from 1974 to 1982 featuring supporting characters in the Superman comics. The term "Superman Family" is often used to refer to the extended cast of characters of comics books associated with Superman. A similarly titled series, Superman Family Adventures, was published in 2012.
Lanigan's Ball
"Lanigan's Ball" (sometimes "Lannigan's Ball") is a popular Irish folk song which has been played throughout the world since at least the 1860s and possibly much longer. Typically performed in a minor key, it generally is played in an upbeat style reminiscent of the party atmosphere in which the story that the lyrics portray unfolds.

In Alfred Perceval Graves' book, Songs of Irish Wit and Humour, published in 1884, "Lanigan's Ball" is attributed to anon. In Folk Songs of the Catskills, edited by Norman Cazden, Herbert Haufrecht and Norman Studer, there is a reference to John Diprose's songster of 1865 attributing "Lanigan's Ball" to D. K. Gavan with music by John Candy. It also mentions that the tune was previously known as "Hurry the Jug". In 1863 William Pond & Company published the song in an arrangement by Charles William Glover, attributing the words to Tony Pastor and the music to Neil Bryant of Bryant's Minstrels.

Charles William Glover
Charles William Glover  (February 1806 – 23 March 1863) was an English violinist and composer.

He was the elder brother of Stephen Glover.

Glover played the violin in the orchestras of Drury Lane and Covent Garden theatres, and was appointed musical director at the Queen's Theatre in 1832. He composed numerous songs, duets, pianoforte pieces, and arrangements. Some of the vocal pieces are semicomic, such as 'Cousin Harry;' while 'Tis hard to give the Hand where the Heart can never be' is a specimen of his once popular sentimental ballads.

Glover is considered to have written the music for the well-known Irish song "The Rose of Tralee".
Polk County, Arkansas
Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,221. The county seat is Mena. Polk County is Arkansas's 48th county, formed on November 30, 1844; it was named for James K. Polk, 11th President of the United States.

Dry county
In the United States, a dry county is a county whose local government forbids the sale of any kind of alcoholic beverages. Some prohibit off-premises sale, some prohibit on-premises sale, and some prohibit both. The vast majority of counties now permit the sale of alcohol in at least some circumstances, but some dry counties remain, mostly in the Southern United States; the largest number are in Arkansas, where 30 counties are dry.

A number of smaller jurisdictions also exist, such as cities, towns, and townships, which prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages and are known as dry cities, dry towns, or dry townships. Dry jurisdictions can be contrasted with "wet" (in which alcohol sales are allowed and regulated) and "moist" (in which some sales of alcohol are permitted, or a dry county containing wet cities).
2021 Los Cabos Open
The 2021 Los Cabos Open (known as the Mifel Open for sponsorship reasons) was an ATP tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourt. It was the 5th edition of the tournament, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2021 ATP Tour. It took place in Los Cabos, Mexico from 19 July through 25 July 2021.

Ernesto Escobedo
Ernesto "Neto" Escobedo III (/ˈnɛtoʊ ˌɛskəˈbeɪdoʊ/ NET-oh ES-kə-BAYD-oh; Spanish: [eɾˈnesto ˈneto eskoˈβeðo], born 4 July 1996) is a Mexican-American former professional tennis player who had a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 67, achieved on 17 July 2017 and a best doubles ranking of No. 296, achieved on 16 May 2022.
Neo Gōmanism Manifesto Special – On War
Neo Gōmanism Manifesto Special – On War (新・ゴーマニズム宣言SPECIAL 戦争論, Shin Gōmanism Sengen Supesharu - Sensō Ron) is a controversial manga series written by right-wing Japanese manga artist Yoshinori Kobayashi. It was published in a series of three volumes by Gentosha as a supplement (hence the "Special" title) to the Neo Gōmanism (新・ゴーマニズム宣言, Shin Gōmanism Sengen) series serialized in SAPIO magazine from September 1995 onwards. The series has been criticized by numerous people and groups for "rewriting history", including intellectuals Satoshi Uesugi, Shinji Miyadai and Takaaki Yoshimoto, The Academy of Outrageous Books, and even the overseas media in newspapers such as The New York Times and Le Monde. A verbal dispute over the manga's contents with Sōichirō Tahara has been published in a book called The On War War (戦争論争戦, Sensō Ron Sōsen).

Gentosha
Gentosha Inc. (株式会社幻冬舎, Kabushiki-gaisha Gentōsha) is a Japanese publisher, headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. Gentosha publishes manga magazine Comic Birz, Web comic magazines GENZO, SPICA, Comic MAGNA, literary magazines Lynx, papyrus, as well as business magazine GOETHE.
2022 Open Sud de France
The 2022 Open Sud de France was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 35th edition of the event, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 31 January until 6 February 2022. Sixth-seeded Alexander Bublik won the singles title.

Botic van de Zandschulp
Botic van de Zandschulp (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈboːtɪk fɑn də ˈzɑntsxʏl(ə)p]; born 4 October 1995) is a Dutch professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 22 achieved on 29 August 2022 and a best doubles ranking of No. 60, reached on 22 May 2023. He is currently the No. 2 singles player from The Netherlands.

Van de Zandschulp has won two ATP Tour doubles titles. He represents The Netherlands at the Davis Cup.

Van de Zandschulp's breakthrough occurred at the 2021 US Open, when he became the third qualifier in US Open history to reach the quarterfinals of the tournament (after Nicolas Escudé in 1999 and Gilles Müller in 2008), with wins over seeded players Casper Ruud and Diego Schwartzman. He was also the third man to progress to the main draw of all four majors through qualifying in one year, the others being Elias Ymer in 2015 and Frank Dancevic in 2011.
HMCS Whitehorse
HMCS Whitehorse is a Kingston-class coastal defence vessel that served in the Canadian Forces from 1998 to 2025. Whitehorse is the sixth ship of her class. The first vessel named for the city in Yukon, the ship was assigned to Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC) and was homeported at CFB Esquimalt.

CFB Esquimalt
Canadian Forces Base Esquimalt (CFB Esquimalt) is the Royal Canadian Navy's Pacific Coast naval base and home port to Maritime Forces Pacific and Joint Task Force Pacific Headquarters. As of 2018, 4,411 military personnel and 2,762 civilians work at CFB Esquimalt. It is located in the very south of British Columbia.
Houshang Montazeralzohour
Houshang Montazeralzohour (Persian: هوشنگ منتظرالظهور, 22 May 1951 – 3 October 1981) was an Iranian Greco-Roman wrestler who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Houshang Montazeralzohour was the national champion of Iran in 82kg weight class for several years. After the Iranian revolution, he became a wrestling coach at the University of Isfahan. In 1981, he was arrested and tortured for two months before being executed. He was charged with insurrection, although few details were made public.

Weight class
Weight classes are divisions of competition used to match competitors against others of their own size. Weight classes are used in a variety of sports including rowing, weight lifting, and especially combat sports such as boxing, kickboxing, mixed martial arts, wrestling, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Alternatives to formal weight classes include catch weight and openweight.

The existence of weight divisions gives rise to the practice of weight cutting. To be  the largest individual in a weight division is perceived as advantageous; therefore many athletes lose weight through dieting and dehydration prior to weigh-ins to qualify for a lower weight class.
Isabelle Andréani
Isabelle Andréani (18 February 1923 – 3 June 2018) was a French operatic mezzo-soprano and voice teacher. She was a member of the Paris Opera troupe from the mid-1950s, appearing in the title role of Bizet's Carmen in 1960, which became her signature role, also for international performances. She was a voice teacher in Aix-en-Provence from 1965, and at the Conservatoire de Toulon from 1972.

Mado Robin
Madeleine Marie "Mado" Robin (French pronunciation: [madlɛn maʁi mado ʁɔbɛ̃]; 29 December 1918 – 10 December 1960) was a French coloratura soprano. A soprano acuto sfogato, she was noted for her extremely high register.
Kerak telor
Kerak telor (English: Egg crust) is a Betawi traditional spicy omelette dish from Indonesia. It is made from glutinous rice cooked with egg and served with serundeng (fried shredded coconut), fried shallots, and dried shrimp as toppings. Kerak telor is considered a snack and not a main dish. The dish has become popular at the annual Jakarta Fair.

Jakarta Fair
Jakarta Fair (Indonesian: Pekan Raya Jakarta or PRJ, lit. 'Jakarta Grand Week') is a fair held annually in Jakarta International Expo Kemayoran, Jakarta, Indonesia, in June and July. It features exhibitions, trade promotions, shopping, music performances, various shows, amusement rides and a food festival. Jakarta Fair is part of a series of events to held to celebrate the capital's anniversary, which falls on June 22. The Jakarta Fair sees exhibitors from across the country display a whole range of goods and products ranging from specialty food items to traditional handmade arts and crafts. In addition to the many exhibitors, there is also live entertainment including music, dance and cultural performances.
Zwar
Zwar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Zwar (born 1972), Australian actor, voice actor and writer

Albert Zwar (1863–1935), Australian politician

Charles Zwar (1911–1989), Australian songwriter, composer, lyricist, pianist and music director

Desmond Zwar (1931–2022), Australian author and reporter

Henry Zwar (1873–1959), Australian politician

Traugott Bernhard Zwar (1876–1947), Australian academic, army medical officer and surgeon

Adam Zwar
Adam Zwar (born 13 January 1972) is an Australian actor, voice artist and writer. He is best known for co-creating the Australian comedy series Squinters, Lowdown and Wilfred and also creating the Ten Network comedy Mr. Black as well as the popular factual series Agony Aunts, Agony Uncles, The Agony of Life, The Agony of Modern Manners and Agony. Zwar also presented and produced seminal cricket documentaries Underarm: The Ball That Changed Cricket and Bodyline: The Ultimate Test which took a forensic look at the infamous 1932–1933 Ashes series between Australia and England.
Padatik Express
The 12377 / 12378 Padatik Superfast Express is a daily Superfast train which runs between Sealdah and New Alipurduar in West Bengal via Barddhaman, Rampurhat, New Jalpaiguri Junction.

The train covers a distance of 719 kilometres (447 mi). The train belongs to the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways and travel time over the whole route is just over 12 hours. This train is named after renowned Bengali poet Subhash Mukhopadhyay's book Padatik.

The train is numbered as 12377 / 12378 and offers all the available classes of travel on Indian Railways-AC First Class (H1), AC First-cum-Second Class (HA1), AC 2-tier (A1-A2), AC 3-tier (B1–B6), Sleeper Class (S1–S5) and Unreserved Class. The train is composed of 21 coaches.

Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet)
Subhash Mukhopadhyay (Shubhash Mukhopaddhaeⓘ; 12 February 1919 – 8 July 2003) was one of the foremost Indian Bengali poets of the 20th century. He is also known as the "podatik kobi" ("foot-soldier poet") in the field of Bengali literature. A book of thirty of Subhash's best known poems in English translation, titled ' As Day is Breaking', was published in 2014 by Anjan Basu, a Bangalore-based writer/critic. The book includes a rather detailed introduction to the poet's work as well. He was honoured with Jnanpith Award in 1991.