hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Challenge: Battle for a New Champion
The Challenge: Battle for a New Champion is the thirty-ninth season of the MTV reality competition series The Challenge, featuring alumni from The Challenge, Are You the One? (U.S.), Big Brother (UK and U.S.), Ex on the Beach (UK and U.S.), Survivor (Romania, Turkey and U.S.), Love Island (U.S.), So You Think You Can Dance, The Mole Germany, Exatlón Estados Unidos, Ibiza Weekender, The Bachelor & The Bachelorette (Australia), 12 Dates of Christmas, The Circle (U.S.), The Only Way Is Essex, Shipwrecked, and The Royal World competing for a share at up to a $500,000 prize.

The season premiered on October 25, 2023 with a simulcast on MTV2, preceded by a launch special titled "Countdown Begins" which aired on October 18, 2023.

The Bachelorette (Australian TV series)
The Bachelorette Australia is a reality television adaptation of the American series of the same name, and a spin-off of The Bachelor Australia. The series, hosted by Osher Günsberg, premiered on 23 September 2015 on Network 10.

It was announced in November 2015 that unlike season 1 which was produced by Shine Australia, seasons 2–present would be produced by Warner Bros. International Television Production.

In June 2022, it was announced the series would not be returning to Network 10 in 2022, however it could return in the future.
Igiugig Airport
Igiugig Airport (IATA: IGG, ICAO: PAIG, FAA LID: IGG) is a state-owned, public-use airport serving Igiugig, in the Lake and Peninsula Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. Scheduled airline service to King Salmon Airport is provided by Peninsula Airways (PenAir).

As per Federal Aviation Administration records, this airport had 626 commercial passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, a decrease of 1% from the 631 enplanements in 2007. Igiugig Airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (2009–2013), which categorizes it as a general aviation facility.

PenAir
Peninsula Airways, operated as PenAir, was a U.S.-based regional airline headquartered in Anchorage, Alaska. It was Alaska's second-largest commuter airline operating scheduled passenger service, as well as charter and medevac services throughout the state. Its main base was Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. PenAir had a code sharing agreement in place with Alaska Airlines with its flights operated in the state of Alaska.
USS Rigel
USS Rigel is a name used more than once by the United States Navy:

USS Rigel (AD-13), built in 1918 as Edgecombe by the Skinner and Eddy Corp., Seattle, Washington.

USS Rigel (AF-58), laid down under a Maritime Administration contract on 15 March 1954 by the Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp., Pascagoula, Mississippi.

USS Rigel (AD-13)
USS Rigel (AD-13/ARb-1/AR-11) was an Altair class destroyer tender named for Rigel, the brightest star in the constellation Orion.

Originally built in 1918 as SS Edgecombe by the Skinner and Eddy Corporation of Seattle, Washington for the United States Shipping Board, she was transferred to the United States Navy by Executive Order on 29 October 1921, delivered 16 November 1921, converted to a destroyer tender, and commissioned as USS Rigel on 24 February 1922.
Peter Okodogbe
Peter Okodogbe (born 27 May 1958) is a former sprinter from Nigeria who specialised in the 100 and 200 metres.

Okodobge is from Uromi, Bendel, Nigeria. He initially ran for Phoenix College. He was an All-American sprinter for the Arizona Wildcats track and field team, finishing 8th in the 100 m at the 1981 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

In 1978 he won a silver medal at the All Africa Games. In 1980 Okodogbe competed at the Summer Olympics in Moscow, where he ran in the 100/200 metres, and reached the semi-finals of both events. He also ran in the sprint relay which finished 7th in the final.

Uromi
Uromi is a city in Esan North-East, in Central Edo state, Nigeria. At various points in Uromi's history, the city and people have been known for their resilience and strength. The people of Uromi, led by Agba N'Ojie resisted the Benin Empire's expansionism during the reign of Oba Ozolua. They were also at the forefront of the resistance to the British invasion of Esanland.
Oswald v. New York
Oswald v. New York, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 401 (1792), was a United States Supreme Court case in which an individual sued a state.

No appearance was entered for the defendant state and default judgment was rendered against the state. This remains the only case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in which a citizen of a different state brought suit against a state where the state paid damages and court costs after a jury trial.

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
Megale (woreda)
Megale is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas, in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 2, Megale is located at the base of the eastern escarpment of the Ethiopian Highlands, and bordered on the south by the Administrative Zone 4, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Abala, and on the east by Erebti. The administrative center is at Nehile.

The Leile hot springs is a notable point of interest, which is visited not only by local residents and people from the Tigray Region, but by inhabitants from the Amhara Region, who arrive by foot. Rivers in this woreda include the Erebti, a stream that flows east from the Ethiopian Highlands into the Afar Depression.

Kilbet Rasu
Kilbatti (Kilbat) Rasu, also known as Administrative Zone 2, is one of the five zones in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This zone is bordered on the south by Awsi Rasu, on the southwest by Fantí Rasu, on the west by the Tigray Region, and on the north by Eritrea. The administrative center of Kilbet Rasu is Abala (also known in the highlands as Shiket). Also located in this zone is the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34 °C.
Hansruedi Engler
Hansruedi Engler (24 March 1928 – 23 December 2011) was a Swiss sprint canoeist who competed in the early 1950s. He competed in the K-1 1000 m event at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, but was eliminated in the heats.

Canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 1000 metres
These are the results of the men's K-1 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 1952 Summer Olympics.  The K-1 event is raced by single-man canoe sprint kayaks. Heat and semifinals took place on July 28.
Dick Scott (left-handed pitcher)
Richard Lewis Scott (March 15, 1933 – February 10, 2020) was an American professional baseball pitcher who appeared in 12 games, all in relief, in Major League Baseball for the Los Angeles Dodgers and Chicago Cubs in 1963–1964. Scott threw left-handed, batted right-handed, and was listed as 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and 185 pounds (84 kg). Born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, he attended Robert William Traip Academy in nearby Kittery, Maine.

Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Portsmouth is a city in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. It had a population of 21,956 at the 2020 census. A historic seaport and popular summer tourist destination on the Piscataqua River bordering the state of Maine, Portsmouth was formerly the home of the Pease Air Force Base, since converted to Portsmouth International Airport at Pease.
Turid Thomassen
Turid Thomassen (born 19 April 1965) is a Norwegian politician who was party leader of the Norwegian Red party from 2010 to 2012, succeeding Torstein Dahle.

Born in Stathelle, Telemark, Thomassen works in the administration offices of the Department for Television Education and Film Science at the Lillehammer University College, where she is also the highest union representative for the Norwegian Civil Service Union.

Since 1999, she has been a member of Lillehammer city council and at the Norwegian parliamentary election in 2009, she was her party's first candidate on the county ballot for Oppland.

Thomassen was elected as party leader of Red at the party's general assembly on 30 May 2010 after many years as member of Red Youth, Red Electoral Alliance and the Workers' Communist Party. She was succeeded by Bjørnar Moxnes at the 2012 general assembly on 6 May.

Red Youth (Norway)
Red Youth (Bokmål: Rød Ungdom; Nynorsk: Raud Ungdom; abbr. RU) is a Norwegian youth organisation. It is the youth wing of the Red Party, which was formed from a merger of the Red Electoral Alliance and the Workers' Communist Party in March 2007. The resignation of its leader Amrit Pernille Kaur, occurred on 11 September 2025.
Balotsav
Balotsav (transl. Children's festival) is an annual international cultural festival conducted in India for Telugu children. It includes competitions in various aspects such as painting, elocution and drama. It was started as a town-level event in 1991. Since then the event has gained popularity among the school children, and is now a national level event with thousands of participants from several states of India. Prior to 2017, the event was conducted in Kothagudem in the second week of November. Starting in 2017, the venue has been changed to the Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh.

Guntur district
Guntur district is  in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The administrative seat of the district is located at Guntur, one of the major urban centres of the state. Historically significant, the region was part of ancient Buddhist and Satavahana-era settlements and later came under various South Indian dynasties before British rule. The district is known for its agricultural prominence—particularly chilli and cotton cultivation—as well as education and trade. It forms part of the larger Coastal Andhra region and contributes significantly to the state’s economy and cultural heritage.
Tzafririm
Tzafririm (Hebrew: צַפְרִירִים, lit. 'Zephyrs') is a moshav in central Israel. Located near Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 428.

Beit Shemesh
31°44′44″N 34°59′12″E﻿ / ﻿31.74556°N 34.98667°E﻿ / 31.74556; 34.98667

Beit Shemesh (Hebrew: בית שמש, lit. 'House of the Sun') is a city located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Jerusalem in Israel's Jerusalem District. A center of Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodoxy, Beit Shemesh has a population of 167,318 as of 2023.

The city is named after and located near the remains of ancient Beth Shemesh, a biblical city of the territory of Judah.
Apolista
Apolista is a native South American nation of western Bolivia. Sedentary farmers, hunters, gatherers and fishers, they spoke an Arawakan language, the Apolista language, now gravely endangered, if not extinct. From 1713, they were gathered at a variety of missions with other nations, and rapidly lost their traditional culture to the point that a realistic census count is no longer possible.

Lapachu language
Lapachu, also known as Apolista or Aguachile,: 315  is an extinct Arawakan language of Bolivia. Aikhenvald (1999) classifies it together with Terena, Moxos, and related languages. It is not clear from surviving descriptions whether it was one language or two.
Bonn-Bad Godesberg station
Bonn-Bad Godesberg station is on the Left Rhine line (German: Linke Rheinstrecke) in the Bonn district of Bad Godesberg in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It is a four-track through station, which does not have a “home” platform attached to the station building. Instead, it has two through and overtaking tracks on two island platforms, with one platform numbered 1 and 4 and the other 2 and 3, which is unusual in Germany, but occurs several times on the Left Rhine line.

Rhein-Express
The Rhein-Express is a Regional-Express (RE 5 (RRX)) service, which generally follows the Rhine (German: Rhein) river. It runs daily every hour from 5 am to 9 pm from Wesel via Oberhausen, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Cologne, Bonn, Remagen and Andernach to Koblenz, in the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate.  It is the fourth-most used regional express line in the VRR network with approximately 48,000 passengers a day.

Until the timetable change in December 2016, the Rhein-Express ran to/from Emmerich. Operations on this section and the additional services provided by Regionalbahn service RB 35 (Der Weseler) have since been operated as part of the Rhein-IJssel-Express (RE 19).
Claudia Holzner
Claudia Holzner (born 8 February 1994) is a Canadian synchronized swimmer. She represented Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan. She also represented Canada at the World Aquatics Championships in 2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019.

In July 2019, she represented Canada at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships held in Gwangju, South Korea and she competed both in the duet technical routine and duet free routine events. In the same month, she won the gold medal in the women's duet and women's team events at the 2019 Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
HMS Liddesdale
HMS Liddesdale was a Type II Hunt-class destroyer of the Royal Navy built by Vickers-Armstrongs in Newcastle and launched on 19 August 1940. She was laid down on 20 November 1939 and commissioned 28 February 1941. She served as a convoy escort in the Mediterranean Sea.

Vickers-Armstrongs
Vickers-Armstrongs Limited was a British engineering conglomerate formed by the merger of the assets of Vickers Limited and Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Company in 1927. The majority of the company was nationalised in the 1960s and 1970s, with the remainder being divested as Vickers plc in 1977.

It featured among Britain's most prominent armaments firms.
Entrainment (chronobiology)
In the study of chronobiology, entrainment refers to the synchronization of a biological clock to an environmental cycle. An example is the interaction between circadian rhythms and environmental cues, such as light and temperature. Entrainment helps organisms adapt their bodily processes according to the timing of a changing environment. For example, entrainment is manifested during travel between time zones, hence why humans experience jet lag.

Biological rhythms are endogenous; they persist even in the absence of environmental cues as they are driven by an internal mechanism, most notably the circadian clock. Of the several possible cues (known as zeitgebers, German for 'time-givers') that can contribute to entrainment of the circadian clock, light has the greatest impact. Units of circadian time (CT) are used to describe entrainment to refer to the relationship between the rhythm and the light signal/pulse.

Biological rhythm
Biological rhythms are repetitive biological processes. Some types of biological rhythms have been described as biological clocks. They can range in frequency from microseconds to less than one repetitive event per decade. Biological rhythms are studied by chronobiology. In the biochemical context biological rhythms are called biochemical oscillations.

The variations of the timing and duration of biological activity in living organisms occur for many essential biological processes. These occur (a) in animals (eating, sleeping, mating, hibernating, migration, cellular regeneration, etc.), (b) in plants (leaf movements, photosynthetic reactions, etc.), and in microbial organisms such as fungi and protozoa. They have even been found in bacteria, especially among the cyanobacteria (aka blue-green algae, see bacterial circadian rhythms).
Ukrainian metal
Ukrainian metal is the heavy metal music scene of Ukraine. The most common Ukrainian heavy metal subgenres are black, pagan, folk and death metal. The most popular and well-known bands are black metal bands Nokturnal Mortum and Kroda.

Metalcore bands Jinjer (founded in 2008) and Space of Variations (founded in 2009) signed a contract with Napalm Records. Stoned Jesus, Motanka, 1914 (founded in 2014) and IGNEA (founded in 2015) are Ukraine's newest metal bands with international notoriety. 0%Mercury (founded in 2016) won 3rd place in the 2023 Wacken Open Air metal battle competition.

Among the biggest festivals were Metal Heads Mission (Crimea), Carpathian Alliance (Lviv oblast), Global East (Kyiv), ProRock (Kyiv). Media: among some old and established on ex-USSR territory paper magazines such as Terroraiser, Atmosfear there is also English-language portal Antichrist magazine (since 2003).

Jinjer
Jinjer (/ˈdʒɪndʒər/ "ginger") is a Ukrainian metalcore band from Donetsk, formed in 2008. None of the founding members remain with the band. The current lineup considers 2009 as its official year of formation, with the arrival of singer Tatiana Shmayluk and guitarist Roman Ibramkhalilov. The band has since added bassist Eugene Abdukhanov and drummer Vladislav Ulasevich. Their fifth studio album, Duél, was released in February 2025.
Porgy fishing
Porgy is the common name in Australia for any fish which belongs to the family Sparidae. They are also called bream. Porgies live in shallow temperate marine waters and are bottom-dwelling carnivores. Most species possess grinding, molar-like teeth. They are often good eating fish, particularly the gilt-head bream and the dentex.

Bait fish
Bait fish (or baitfish) are small-sized fish caught and used by anglers as bait to attract larger predatory fish, particularly game fish. Baitfish species are typically those that are common and breed rapidly, making them easy to catch and in abundant supply.
Georgia Bulldogs women's volleyball
The Georgia Bulldogs women's volleyball team competes as part of NCAA Division I, representing the University of Georgia in the Southeastern Conference. Georgia plays its home games at the Stegeman Coliseum.

Stegeman Coliseum
Stegeman Coliseum, formerly known as Georgia Coliseum, is a 10,523-seat multi-purpose arena in Athens, Georgia, United States. The arena opened in 1964, and named in honor of Herman Stegeman. It is home to the University of Georgia Bulldogs basketball, volleyball, and gymnastics teams. It was also the venue of the rhythmic gymnastics and preliminary indoor volleyball matches during the 1996 Summer Olympics, as well as the 1989, 1995, and 2008 NCAA gymnastics championships. As a multi-purpose facility, the Coliseum also hosted a variety of other kinds of events, including many large indoor rock concerts during its early history, as well as the university's Graduate School commencement exercises. At its opening it replaced Woodruff Hall, a 3,000-seat field house built in 1923.
Frank Young (basketball)
Franklin Louis Young (born September 7, 1984) is an American college basketball coach and retired player, currently an associate head coach at Cleveland State. Young played college basketball for the West Virginia Mountaineers and professionally in several European leagues. Young was commonly referred to as "Frank The Tank" by West Virginia fans.

West Virginia Mountaineers
The West Virginia Mountaineers are the athletic teams that represent West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia. The school is a member of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I. The Mountaineers have been a member of the Big 12 Conference since 2012.  The men's soccer team now competes as an affiliate member in the Sun Belt Conference.

Currently, WVU sponsors seven men's sports, ten women's sports, and one coeducational sport (rifle). Men's golf was the latest sport to be added in the 2015–16 school year.
Mon River Trail
The Mon River Trail is a rail trail located in West Virginia, United States.

The trail is composed of two separate sections - the north section and the south section, which are connected by the Caperton Trail.

It is relatively flat and follows the Monongahela River in a wooded valley.

Together with the Caperton Trail and Deckers Creek Trail, it forms a 48-mile (77 km) network of multi-use, non-motorized use, trails connecting Marion County, Monongalia County and Preston County.

Monongahela River
The Monongahela River (/məˌnɒŋɡəˈhiːlə/ mə-NONG-gə-HEE-lə, /-ˈheɪ-/ -⁠HAY-), sometimes referred to locally as the Mon (/mɒn/), is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river on the Allegheny Plateau in north-central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania. The river flows from the confluence of its west and east forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable.
Coptis japonica
Coptis japonica, the Japanese goldthread, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to central and southern Japan, and introduced to Korea. In Asia it is grown for medicinal purposes, with the main alkaloid being berberine.

Berberine
Berberine is an organic compound classified as benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Chemically, it is a quaternary ammonia compound.

Its name is derived from the genus of plants, Berberis. Berberine occurs in the roots, bark, stems, and leaves of Berberis vulgaris (barberry), Berberis aristata (tree turmeric), Mahonia aquifolium (Oregon grape) and Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal).

Due to their yellow pigmentation, raw Berberis materials were once commonly used to dye wool, leather, and wood. Under ultraviolet light, berberine shows a strong yellow fluorescence. As a natural dye, berberine has a color index of 75160.

Plants containing berberine have been used in traditional medicine, and berberine extracts are sold as dietary supplements. Other than in China as an over-the-counter drug, berberine is not approved as a prescription drug, regulated or proven safe in any country.
Albert G. Wetherby
Albert Gallatin Wetherby (1833 in Pittsburgh – 1902 in Magnetic City, Mitchell County, North Carolina) was an American malacologist and mineralogist.

He was from 1870 Professor of Natural History at Cincinnati University. Later he became a businessman

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.