hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isomaltose
Isomaltose is a disaccharide similar to maltose, but with a α-(1-6)-linkage instead of the α-(1-4)-linkage. Both of the sugars are dimers of glucose, which is a pyranose sugar. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar. Isomaltose is produced when high maltose syrup is treated with the enzyme transglucosidase (TG) and is one of the major components in the mixture isomaltooligosaccharide.

It is a product of the caramelization of glucose.

Pyranose
In organic chemistry, pyranose is a collective term for saccharides that have a chemical structure that includes a six-membered ring consisting of five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom (a heterocycle). There may be other carbons external to the ring. The name derives from its similarity to the oxygen heterocycle pyran, but the pyranose ring does not have double bonds. A pyranose in which the anomeric −OH (hydroxyl group) at C(l) has been converted into an OR group is called a pyranoside.
LdcC RNA motif
The ldcC RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics.
ldcC motif RNAs are found in Bacillota and two species of Spirochaetota.

ldcC motif RNAs likely function as cis-regulatory elements, in view of their positions upstream of protein-coding genes. The genes presumably regulated by ldcC RNAs are decarboxylases of arginine, ornithine, S-adenosylmethionine or other substrates. Endopeptidase C39A and potA (a transporter of spermidine/putrescine) is also relatively common.  Thus, ldcC RNAs could regulate polyamine metabolism.

The ldcC motif might have a pseudoknot in its secondary structure, but it is unclear.

Nucleic acid secondary structure
Nucleic acid secondary structure is the basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers. It can be represented as a list of bases which are paired in a nucleic acid molecule.
The secondary structures of biological DNAs and RNAs tend to be different: biological DNA mostly exists as fully base paired double helices, while biological RNA is single stranded and often forms complex and intricate base-pairing interactions due to its increased ability to form hydrogen bonds stemming from the extra hydroxyl group in the ribose sugar.

In a non-biological context, secondary structure is a vital consideration in the nucleic acid design of nucleic acid structures for DNA nanotechnology and DNA computing, since the pattern of basepairing ultimately determines the overall structure of the molecules.
Buddhist painting
Buddhist painting, Butsuga (仏画) in a broad sense, refers to Buddhist paintings in general, including Buddhist biographies, Jataka tales, Pure Land variant paintings (such as Taima mandala), Raigō, Buddhist narrative paintings such as the Two Rivers White Path and Six Paths paintings, Ancestors biographies, Emaki, E-toki, Taenghwa, Ancestors drawings, Chinsō portraits of Zen monks, and portraits of ordinary monks. Chinsō, portraits of Zen monks, and portraits of ordinary monks.

Narrowly defined, a painting used in the worship and rituals of Buddhism, especially esoteric sects. Paintings (single or group) depicting the Buddha (Tathāgata), Bodhisattvas, ancient Indian gods, Chinese and Japanese gods, and other deities worshipped in Buddhism, as well as Mandala of the Two Realms, Mandala of the Separate Realms, etc.

Buddhist paintings include not just framed paintings but also include mandalas, hanging scrolls, and prints

E-toki
E-toki (絵解き, "picture deciphering, picture explaining") refers to a Japanese Buddhist practice of using an emaki (hand picture, a painted hand scroll) or picture halls (rooms with pictures either painted onto the walls, or containing a series of hanging scrolls) to explain a Buddhist principle.
Sed
sed (short for stream editor) is a utility that transforms text via a script written in a relatively simple and compact programming language. It was developed from 1973 to 1974 by Lee E. McMahon of Bell Labs,
and is available today for most operating systems. The functionality of sed is based on the scripting features of the interactive editor ed ("editor", 1971) and the earlier qed ("quick editor", 1965–66). It was one of the earliest tools to support regular expressions, and remains in use for text processing, most notably with the substitution command. Popular alternative tools for text manipulation and stream editing include AWK and Perl. The shell command that runs the utility has the same name: sed.

Plan 9 from Bell Labs
Plan 9 from Bell Labs is an operating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on the UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has been free and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.

Under Plan 9, UNIX's everything is a file metaphor is extended via a pervasive network-centric (distributed) filesystem, and the cursor-addressed, terminal-based I/O at the heart of UNIX is replaced by a windowing system and graphical user interface without cursor addressing (although rc, the Plan 9 shell, is text-based). Plan 9 also introduced capability-based security and a log-structured file system called Fossil that provides snapshotting and versioned file histories.

The name Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a reference to the Ed Wood 1957 cult science fiction Z-movie Plan 9 from Outer Space. The system continues to be used and developed by operating system researchers and hobbyists.
Crown of Horn
Crown of Horn is an album by Martin Carthy, released in 1976. It was re-issued by Topic Records on CD in 1995.

The album is remarkable for featuring intricate Moog synthesizer arrangements by Tony Cox on three songs. Tony Cox had previously made a name for himself as a producer and session musician for several progressive rock and folk rock bands, such as Caravan, Camel, Yes and Trees. In 1974 Tony Cox founded the Old Sawmill Studio in which not only Crown of Horn, but also producer Ashley Hutchings' folk dance record "Kickin' Up The Sawdust" and parts of Fairport Convention's Gottle O'Geer album were produced in 1976.

Trees (band)
Trees was a British folk rock band recording and touring throughout 1969, 1970 and 1971, reforming briefly to continue performing throughout 1972. Although the group met with little commercial success in their time, the reputation of the band has grown over the years, and underwent a renaissance in 2007 following Gnarls Barkley's sampling of the track "Geordie" (from Trees’ second album On The Shore) on the title track of their multi-million selling album St. Elsewhere.
Perittia herrichiella
Perittia herrichiella is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found from Sweden and Finland to the Pyrenees and Italy and from France to the Baltic region and Romania. It has also been recorded from Russia and North America, including New York, Ontario, Indiana and Michigan. The expected range of the species is south-eastern Canada and the north-central and north-eastern parts of the United States.

The wingspan is 8–9 mm. Adults are on wing from May to August.

The larvae feed on Lonicera alpigena, Lonicera periclymenum, Lonicera tatarica, Lonicera xylosteum and Symphoricarpos albus. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Larvae can be found from June to mid August or October depending on the location.

Lonicera tatarica
Lonicera tatarica is a species of honeysuckle known by the common name Tatarian honeysuckle. Native to Asia, the plant is one of several exotic bush honeysuckles present in North America, being considered an invasive species there.
Foreland Point
Foreland Point is a rocky headland in Devon near Lynmouth, and is the most northerly point along the Devon and Exmoor coast. The highest cliff is 89 metres (292 ft) above the high tide, although the highest point of the entire headland is near Countisbury (a village around a mile away) at 302 metres (991 ft). The headland is owned by the National Trust; some areas are open to public access all year, as part of the South West Coast Path, while other areas have limited access.  The Trinity House-operated Lynmouth Foreland Lighthouse is also located here.

The area of the sea between Bideford and Foreland Point is a Marine Conservation Zone.

Trinity House
Trinity House, founded by Royal Charter in 1514, is the General lighthouse authority for England, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Gibraltar. It maintains navigational aids such as lightvessels and buoys, as well as communications services and pilotage for ships in the North Sea. These are financed by dues levied on commercial vessels calling at ports in the British Isles.

In addition, Trinity operates a registered charity, which provides welfare services for retired seamen, education, and promoting safety at sea. Funding for this is generated separately.
Bully Creek Reservoir
Bully Creek Reservoir is a reservoir in Malheur County of the U.S. state of Oregon.  It is an impoundment of Bully Creek, a tributary of the Malheur River.

It is a crescent-shaped reservoir located 9 miles (14 km) west of Vale and a 45-minute drive from I-84. The reservoir and its dam have paved road access by Bully Creek Road from Vale W Highway. The reservoir was constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation in 1963 and has 985 acres (399 ha) with 7 miles (11 km) of shoreline and a total capacity of 31,650 acre-feet (39,040,000 m3). The dam is a zoned embankment dam with a crest length of 3,070 feet (940 m), total height of 121 feet (37 m) and sits at 2,500 feet (760 m) elevation. The Bully Creek park is open April through October, has 33 campsites, a day use area with two covered shelters, a swimming beach and a two-lane boat ramp with dock.

Malheur County, Oregon
Malheur County (/mælˈhɪər/ ⓘ, French pronunciation: [ma.lœʁ]) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,571. Its county seat is Vale, and its largest city is Ontario. The county was named after the Malheur River, which runs through the county. The word "malheur" is French for misfortune or tragedy. Malheur County is included in the Ontario, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boise Combined Statistical Area. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.
Chaneyville, Maryland
Chaneyville is a small, rural unincorporated community located at the crossroads of MD 4, Chaneyville Road, and Fowler Road in Calvert County, Maryland, United States. It is generally considered to be a part of either Owings or Dunkirk, two larger communities. Chaneyville is home to the Fairview Library branch of Calvert Library, a building that formerly housed the county's tourist welcome center as well as the Fairview School.

Owings, Maryland
Owings is a town center and much larger census-designated place (CDP) in northern Calvert County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,149 at the 2010 census, up from 1,325 in 2000. In 2025 the county proposed doubling the size of the town center.
Sam Kiki
Sam Kiki is an American gaming and technology executive. He is the founder and CEO of Monkey Tilt. He was chief product officer and chief strategy officer of Caesars Interactive Entertainment and later the chief commercial officer of Game Play Network. He is also the co-founder of Manifold Trading. He has been featured on, Forbes, Daily Mirror, Binance, OK! magazine, Distractify, Complex, Fortune, amongst others.

Distractify
Distractify is an online publication and Internet media company launched in 2013 by Quinn Hu (also known as the YouTuber 2 Bucks), Yosef Lerner, and Jake Heppner. The company started as a social media startup for viral content and later branched out into news about pop culture.
Goraszowice
Goraszowice [ɡɔraʂɔˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Graschwitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Otmuchów, within Nysa County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

Nysa County
Nysa County (Polish: powiat nyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nysa, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. The county contains four other towns: Głuchołazy, 18 km (11 mi) south of Nysa, Paczków, 24 km (15 mi) west of Nysa, Otmuchów, 12 km (7 mi) west of Nysa, and Korfantów, 20 km (12 mi) east of Nysa.

The county covers an area of 1,223.87 square kilometres (472.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 136,393. The most populated towns are Nysa with 43,849 inhabitants, Głuchołazy with 13,534 inhabitants, and Paczków with 7,460 inhabitants.
2-Aminobenzothiazole
2-Aminobenzothiazole is the organic compound with the formula C6H4S(N)CNH2.  It is related to the parent benzothiazole, but with an amino group at the unique methyne position on the thiazole ring.  As confirmed by X-ray crystallography, it is a planar molecule, which exists as the amine tautomer.

2-Aminobenzothiazoles are often prepared by cyclization of 2-bromo-substituted arylthioureas.

BrC6H4NHC(S)NH2   →   C6H4SNCNH2  +  HBr

Isothiocyanic acid, which can be generated in situ from sodium thiocyanate, adds to anilines to also afford 2-aminobenzothiazoles. Many other methods are available.

Diazotization of 2-aminobenzothiazoles gives diazonium salts.  These salts undergo azo coupling with anilines.  In this way some are prepared some useful dyes such as Basic Blue 54.

Azo coupling
In organic chemistry, an azo coupling is a reaction between a diazonium compound (R−N≡N+) and another aromatic compound that produces an azo compound (R−N=N−R’). In this electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, the aryldiazonium cation is the electrophile, and the activated carbon (usually from an arene, which is called coupling agent), serves as a nucleophile.  Classical coupling agents are phenols and naphthols.  Usually the diazonium reagent attacks at the para position of the coupling agent.  When the para position is occupied, coupling occurs at a ortho position, albeit at a slower rate.
Rob Williams (filmmaker)
Rob Williams is an American independent film director, producer and screenwriter. In 2005, he co-founded the independent production house Guest House Films LLC with his partner Rodney Johnson. He released his debut long feature Long-Term Relationship in 2006. In 2007, he won the Grand Prize at the Rhode Island International Film Festival for his film Back Soon.

Williams is most famous for Make the Yuletide Gay, which won Best Narrative Feature at the 2009 FilmOut San Diego film festival. It also won the Jury Award for Best Men's Feature at the 2009 Long Island Gay & Lesbian Film Festival.

Rhode Island International Film Festival
Flickers' Rhode Island International Film Festival (RIIFF) takes place every year in Providence and Newport, Rhode Island, U.S., as well as satellite locations throughout the state.

Started in 1997, the Festival is produced by Flickers, the Newport Film/Video Society & Arts Collaborative, a 501(c)(3) non-profit created in 1981. RIIFF has been a qualifying festival for the Academy Awards since 2002.
Circus Girl (film)
Circus Girl is a 1937 American action film directed by John H. Auer and written by Adele Buffington and Bradford Ropes. The film stars June Travis, Robert Livingston, Donald Cook, Betty Compson, Charles Murray and Lucille Osborne. The film was March 1, 1937, by Republic Pictures.

Bradford Ropes
Bradford Ropes (January 1, 1905 – November 21, 1966) was an American novelist and screenwriter whose work includes the novel 42nd Street that was adapted into the 1933 film of the same name, which then became a 
Tony Award-winning stage musical. The same year, his next novel, Stage Mother, was also adapted to film, Ropes’s novels were inspired by his own experiences as a performer, and focused on the lives of gay men in show business. He also wrote many Western stories, screenplays for Roy Rogers and Rex Allen, and contributed to films starring Abbott and Costello as well as Laurel and Hardy.

Ropes wrote in 1932 that America was still waiting for the "Uncle Tom's Cabin of the chorus girl."

Born in Boston, Ropes died in the Wollaston section of Quincy, Massachusetts at the age of 61.
Provence Canal
The Canal de Provence (French pronunciation: [kanal də pʁɔvɑ̃s]) is a system of canals that primarily carry raw water from the Verdon to across 110 communes in the Bouches-du-Rhône and Var departments. This network serves mainly the major cities of Aix-en-Provence, Marseille, and Toulon, with a total population of more than 2 million people. This canal system allows for irrigation of about 70,000 hectares (170,000 acres) of agricultural land, while also supplying water to more than 8,000 industrial sites across the region.

Among the total length of 216 kilometres (134 mi), 146 of them are not directly on the ground, instead travelling in tunnels, pipelines, and aqueducts. The canal was first planned in the early 1960s, and came into use in 1964. The canal system was able to avoid effects of drought by supplying water to more arid regions and help with their economic development.

Rians, Var
Rians (French pronunciation: [ʁjɑ̃s]; Occitan: Rians) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Rians is a provençal village in the Upper Var located north east of the Montagne Sainte-Victoire. The main employment is agriculture, predominantly wine. The village itself is built on a hill that is dominated by a 12th-century bell tower and the church of Notre Dame de Nazareth. The Town is made up of concentric medieval streets that work their way down the hill.

Notable events in Rians include dancing in the squares on 14 July, the Fête de St Laurent on 8 August and the Fête de la Courge in October.
Table tennis at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Women's individual – Class 5
The Women's Singles 5 table tennis competition at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was held from 18 to 21 September at the Galatsi Olympic Hall.

Classes 1-5 were for athletes with a physical impairment that affected their legs, who competed in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete’s ability to compete.

The event was won by Ren Gui Xiang, representing  China.

China at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
China competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics, held in Athens, Greece. China topped the medal table for the first time, becoming the first Asian country to top the medal count with more gold medals, more silver medals, and more medals overall than any other nation. This was an improvement from its previous best performance, where they had ranked sixth on the medal tally at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. China also broke the record for the most gold medals, the most silvers medals, the most bronze medals and the most medal overall won by Asian countries at a single Summer Paralympics, which was previously set by South Korea in 1988 with 40 gold, 35 silver and 19 bronze.
Lame (armor)
A lame is a solid piece of sheet metal used as a component of a larger section of plate armor used in Europe during the medieval period. It is used in armors to provide articulations or the joining of the armor elements. The size is usually small with a narrow and rectangular shape. Multiple lames are riveted together or connected by leather straps or cloth lacing to form an articulated piece of armor that provides flexible protection. The armor worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan used lames in the construction of many of their individual armor parts. The Japanese term is ita, which can both refer to the lame or its borderings.

Rivet
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the tail. On installation, the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.

Because there is effectively a head on each end of an installed rivet, it can support tension loads.  However, it is much more capable of supporting shear loads (loads perpendicular to the axis of the shaft).

Fastenings used in traditional wooden boat building, such as copper nails and clinch bolts, work on the same principle as the rivet but were in use long before the term rivet was introduced and, where they are remembered, are usually classified among nails and bolts respectively.
Bejai
Bejai is one of the major localities in Mangalore city, Karnataka, India. The series of Bharath malls, Bharath mall & Bharath mall 2 (under construction), are located here. It is one of the upscale & the busiest residential cum commercial localities of Mangalore. Bejai - Kadri belt is also regarded as the Manhattan of Mangalore with many high-rise buildings.

Srimanthi Bhai Memorial Government Museum
Srimanthi Bhai Memorial Government Museum Mangalore, Karnataka, Collection of archaeological and geological artefacts, a unit of Directorate of Archaeology & Museums Karnataka was founded on 4 May 1960 by Sri B.D Jatti, the chief minister of Karnataka Government. The museum is located in Mangalore, the coastal land of Karnataka.
Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes
The Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes (朝日杯フューチュリティステークス) is a one-mile turf stakes race for thoroughbred colts two years old in Japan. It is considered the de facto year-end championship for Japanese thoroughbred racing in the two-year-olds division.

Inaugurated in 1949, this race had historically been held at the Nakayama Racecourse. From 2014, the race was relocated to the Hanshin Racecourse.

Hanshin Racecourse
34°46′48.80″N 135°21′45.00″E﻿ / ﻿34.7802222°N 135.3625000°E﻿ / 34.7802222; 135.3625000

Hanshin Racecourse (阪神競馬場, Hanshin-keibajō) is located in Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan. It has a capacity of 139,000 and is used for horse racing.

The land was originally owned by Kawanishi Aircraft Company, which manufactured combat planes during World War II. After World War II, GHQ ordered the company to stop manufacturing combat planes, which led to the closure of the factory. In 1949, Keihanshin Keiba K.K. built the Hanshin Racecourse. The racecourse was transferred to Japan Racing Association in 1955.

A major reconstruction was completed in 1991, and another in 2006. Beginning May 2024, the racecourse was closed for a year due to a grandstand renovation. The track's biggest events, the Takarazuka Kinen in June and the Hanshin Juvenile Fillies in December were both relocated to Kyoto Racecourse during the construction.
Snowflake
A snowflake is a single ice crystal that is large enough to fall through the Earth's atmosphere as snow. Snow appears white in color despite being made of clear ice. This is because the many small crystal facets of the snowflakes scatter the sunlight between them.

Each flake begins by forming around a tiny particle, called its nucleus, accumulating water droplets, which freeze and slowly form a crystal. Complex shapes emerge as the flake moves through differing temperature and humidity zones in the atmosphere, and possibly combines with other snowflakes. Because of this, snowflakes tend to look very different from one another. However, they may be categorized in eight broad classifications and at least 80 individual variants. The main constituent shapes for ice crystals, from which combinations may occur, are needle, column, plate, and rime.

Kenneth G. Libbrecht
Kenneth G. Libbrecht  is an American physicist whose research has focused on crystal growth, gravitational wave detection, laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms, helioseismology, and physics laboratory teaching. He has been a Professor of Physics at the California Institute of Technology (a.k.a. Caltech) since 1984, and he was the physics department chair from 1997-2013.