hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mayfield, Edmonton
Mayfield is a neighbourhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada named for famed Canadian aviator and bush pilot Wop May.

It is bordered on the north by 111 Avenue, the east by 156 Street, to the south by 107 Avenue, and on the west by Mayfield Road.

The community is represented by the Mayfield Community League, established in 1957, which maintains a community hall and outdoor rink located at 161 Street and 109 Avenue.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur
Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈiːˌθrouhtaˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈreiːcaˌviːkʏr̥], lit. 'Reykjavik Sports Club'), commonly known as ÍR, is an Icelandic multi-sport club, based in the suburb of Breiðholt in Reykjavík. It has teams in football, handball, basketball, athletics, tenpin bowling, skiing, karate, taekwondo and judo.

Breiðholt
Breiðholt (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈpreiðˌhɔl̥t]) is a southeastern district of Reykjavík, Iceland. It includes three neighbourhoods: Neðra-Breiðholt [ˈnɛðra-ˌpreiðˌhɔl̥t] (Bakkar [ˈpahkar̥], Mjódd [ˈmjoutː] and Stekkir [ˈstɛhcɪr̥]), Efra-Breiðholt [ˈɛvra-ˌpreiðˌhɔl̥t] (Hólar [ˈhouːlar̥], Berg [ˈpɛrk] and Fell [ˈfɛtl̥]) and Seljahverfi [ˈsɛljaˌkʰvɛrvɪ] (Sel [ˈsɛːl̥]). It is one of the largest districts in Reykjavík, with a population of around 20,000.

The neighborhood has the highest amount of foreign-born residents of any in Reykjavík.
Rancho Nicasio
Rancho Nicasio was a Mexican land grant of 56,807 acres (230 km2) granted to the Coast Miwok indigenous people in 1835, located in the present-day Marin County, California, a tract of land that stretched from San Geronimo to Tomales Bay.  Today, Nicasio, California is at the heart of this location.

California Land Act of 1851
The California Land Act of 1851 (9 Stat. 631), enacted following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the admission of California as a state in 1850, established the California State Lands Commission to determine the validity of prior Spanish and Mexican land grants. It required landowners who claimed title under the Mexican government to file their claim with a commission within two years. Contrary to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which guaranteed full protection of all property rights for Mexican citizens, it placed the burden on landholders to prove their title.

While the commission eventually confirmed 604 of the 813 claims, almost all of the claims went to court and resulted in protracted litigation. The expense of the long court battles required many land holders to sell portions of the property or even trade it in payment for legal services. A few cases were litigated into the 1940s.
Tenglish
Tenglish (Telugu: తెంగ్లిష్ (teṅgliṣ)), refers to the code-mixing or code-switching of the Telugu language and Indian English.

The name is a portmanteau of the names of the two languages and has been variously composed. The earliest form is Telugish (dating from 1972), then Teluglish (2000), Tinglish (2003), Telenglish (2010), and Telugish and Telish (both 2014).

In the context of colloquial written language, Tenglish refers to the Telugu language written in English alphabet (that is, using Roman script instead of Telugu script, in contexts like social media), mixed with English vocabulary as well.

English alphabet
Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms. The word alphabet is a compound of alpha and beta, the names of the first two letters in the Greek alphabet. The earliest Old English writing during the 5th century used a runic alphabet known as the futhorc. The Old English Latin alphabet was adopted from the 7th century onward—and over the following centuries, various letters entered and fell out of use. By the 16th century, the present set of 26 letters had largely stabilised:

There are 5 vowel letters (A, E, I, O, U) and 19 consonant letters—as well as 2 letters (Y and W) which may function as either type. Written English has a large number of digraphs, such as ⟨ch⟩, ⟨ea⟩, ⟨oo⟩, ⟨sh⟩, and ⟨th⟩. Diacritics are generally not used to write native English words, which is unusual among orthographies used to write the languages of Europe.
Jim Dempsey
Jim Dempsey (born 5 November 1946) is a Scottish former football player and manager.

As a player Dempsey, who was known as a hard man, was most associated with Hamilton Academical, with whom he had two spells, and Raith Rovers, although he also turned out for Stirling Albion, Albion Rovers and Larkhall Thistle.

He had a sole season back as manager at Hamilton, following the departure of John Lambie to Partick Thistle, although the club finished far adrift at the foot of the Scottish Premier Division and he was dismissed. He was subsequently announced as manager of Fauldhouse United in 1992 and later returned to the Accies as assistant boss under Chris Hillcoat in 2003.

Stirling Albion F.C.
Stirling Albion Football Club is a Scottish football club based in the city of Stirling. The club was founded in 1945 following the demise of King's Park after World War II. The club currently competes in Scottish League Two as a member of the Scottish Professional Football League. Its highest league position came in 1958–59 with a 12th-placed position in the top flight. Its only major success is in the league where it has won the second tier of Scottish football on four occasions, the last coming in 1964–65. The club has more recently competed in the third or fourth tier following league re-construction in 1975 and 1994.

Stirling's home ground is Forthbank Stadium, a 3,808 capacity stadium in the east of the city near the banks of the River Forth. Before the stadium was opened in 1993, the club was based at Annfield Stadium which had been the home of the club since it was founded in 1945.
Thi Lo Su Waterfall
The Thi Lo Su Waterfall (Thai: น้ำตกทีลอซู, RTGS: Namtok Thi Lo Su; S'gaw Karen: ထံလီၤဆူ, also spelt as  Thee Lor Sue, The Lor Sue, Thee Lor Sue or Te-law-zue; lit: Black Waterfall) is claimed to be the largest and highest waterfall in Thailand. It stands 250 metres (820 ft) high and nearly 450 metres (1,480 ft) wide on the Mae Klong River, flowing down from Huai Klotho into the Umphang Wildlife Sanctuary in Tak Province in northwestern Thailand.

The waterfall has apparently never been surveyed, so the figures given are approximate.

Access to the waterfall campsite by private vehicles has been stopped. It is now only accessible via a cartel of pickups.
Private vehicles have to be parked in Umphang.

Mae Klong
The Mae Klong (Thai: แม่น้ำแม่กลอง, RTGS: Maenam Mae Klong, Thai pronunciation: [mɛ̂ːnáːm mɛ̂ː klɔ̄ːŋ]), sometimes spelled Meklong, is a river in western Thailand. The river begins in Kanchanaburi Province and flows across Ratchaburi Province and Samut Songkhram Province.
Estate map
Estate maps were maps commissioned by individual landowners or institutions, to show their extensive landed property, typically including fields, parkland and buildings. They were used for display and estate management and were fashionable from the 16th to the 19th century.

Designed landscape
A designed landscape is an area of land which has been modified by people for primarily aesthetic effect. The term is used by historians to denote various types of site, such as gardens, parks, cemeteries, and estates. Such sites are often protected for their historic or artistic value. A designed landscape may comprise landform, water, built structures, trees and plants, all of which may be naturally occurring or introduced.
A Word in Your Ear
A Word in Your Ear is a game show that originally aired on Tyne Tees Television from 8 August 1990 to 20 December 1991, then on BBC1 from 19 April 1993 to 14 October 1994 and finally on The Family Channel from 1995. It is hosted by Gordon Burns.

Challenge (TV channel)
Challenge is a British free-to-air television channel dedicated to game shows from the UK, including acquired classic and contemporary shows. It is owned by Sky UK.

Challenge is currently available on terrestrial television and FAST platforms, such as Samsung TV Plus, along with sister channel Sky Mix. An Irish feed has been available since November 2013 on cable and satellite. It later launched on DTT (Saorview) on 1 February 2023; joining sister channel Sky News on the service.
Alvin Tan (blogger)
Alvin Tan Jye Yee  (Chinese: 陳杰毅; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Kia̍t-gē; born 20 December 1988) is an American pornographic film performer. Born in Malaysia, he first gained prominence for a blog publicising his sexual activities with his girlfriend, and later became controversial for his criticism of Islam, leading him to flee Malaysia and seek political asylum in the United States. He calls himself a "free speech activist".

Right of asylum
The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum from Ancient Greek  ἄσυλον (ásulon) 'sanctuary'), is a juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary. This right was recognized by the Ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Hebrews, from whom it was adopted into Western tradition. René Descartes fled to the Netherlands, Voltaire to England, and Thomas Hobbes to France, because each state offered protection to persecuted foreigners. Contemporary right of asylum is founded on the non-binding Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
FTR (bus)
FTR was a British bus rapid transit system formerly operated in Leeds, Luton, Swansea and York. FirstGroup introduced the system, using 39 Wright StreetCar articulated buses in conjunction with infrastructure upgrades by local authorities. The vehicles were branded as "the future of travel", the operators claiming that ftr is Abjadic textspeak for the word future.

Abjad
An abjad (/ˈæbdʒæd/ ⓘ; or abgad lit. 'alphabet') is a writing system in which only consonants are represented by letter signs, leaving the vowels to be inferred by the reader (unless represented otherwise, such as by diacritics). This contrasts with alphabets that provide graphemes for both consonants and vowels. The term was introduced in 1990 by Peter T. Daniels. Other terms for the same concept include partial phonemic script, segmentally linear defective phonographic script, consonantary, consonant writing, and consonantal alphabet.

Impure abjads, such as the Arabic and Hebrew scripts, represent vowels with either optional diacritics or a limited number of distinct vowel graphemes, or both.
2002 South Africa rugby union tour of Europe
The 2002 South Africa rugby union tour of France Scotland and England was a series of matches played by the South Africa national rugby union team in November 2002 in France, Scotland and England.
The tour concluded with a 53–3 loss against England, which was the worst defeat in the history of the Springboks, until their 57-0 loss to New Zealand in 2017.

Lukas van Biljon
Lukas van Biljon (born 18 March 1976) is a South African former rugby union international.

Born in Bloemfontein, van Biljon attended Welkom-Gimnasium and represented the Springboks in 13 Test matches between 2001 and 2003, mostly as a hooker. He was considered a likely selection for the 2003 Rugby World Cup but was axed from the training squad due to his involvement in a car park brawl.

In 2023, van Biljon suffered stab wounds during a raid on his family farm in Oranjeville, Free State. His father André was shot at close range while trying to radio for help and died of his injuries.
Historic synagogues
Historic synagogues are synagogues that date back to ancient or medieval times and synagogues that represent the earliest Jewish presence in cities around the world. Most of the older sites covered below are purely archaeological sites, with evidence recovered by excavation, and no sign of use as a synagogue in recent centuries. Some synagogues were destroyed and rebuilt several times on the same site. Others were converted into churches and mosques or used for other purposes.

Plymouth Synagogue
The Plymouth Synagogue, also called the Plymouth Hebrew Congregation, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Catherine Street, in the city of Plymouth, Devon, England, in the United Kingdom. The congregation was formed in c. 1740s and worships in the Ashkenazi rite.

The synagogue building was commenced in 1762 and completed in 1764, making it the oldest extant synagogue built by Ashkenazi Jews in the English speaking world. The synagogue building was listed as a Grade II* building in 1954.
Chestney
Chestney is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Jamie Chestney (born 1986), British lawn and indoor bowler, husband of Natalie

Lillian Chestney (1913–2000), American illustrator and painter

Natalie Chestney, married name of Natalie Melmore (born 1989), British lawn bowler

Lillian Chestney
Lillian Chestney (September 22, 1913 – August 6, 2000) was an American illustrator and painter.  She studied in New York City and illustrated children's books, comic books (during the Golden Age of Comic Books), and magazine and book covers at a time when few women held artist positions in the industry.

Later in life she painted waterfront scenes in Eastern Canada and Northeastern America.
Eoleptestheria
Eoleptestheria ticinensis is a species of clam shrimp in the family Leptestheriidae. Although up to eight species have formerly been recognised in the genus Eoleptestheria, they are more usually all considered part of one species with a cosmopolitan distribution.

Clam shrimp
Clam shrimp are a group of branchiopod crustaceans that possess bivalved carapaces, which resemble the shells of unrelated bivalved molluscs. They were traditionally classified in the order Conchostraca, but this group later proved to be paraphyletic, because Diplostraca, the water fleas, are nested within the clade of clam shrimps; this implies certain groups of water fleas are closer to certain groups of clam shrimp than either are to other Diplostracan groups which they may resemble. Clam shrimp are now divided into three orders, Cyclestherida, Laevicaudata, and Spinicaudata, in addition to the fossil family Leaiidae. Their fossil record is known from at least the Devonian period and perhaps before.
DC10 (nightclub)
DC10 is a nightclub located in Ibiza on the Carretera of Salinas. It started during the 90s as a music bar and began with a license for just 80 people, opened by two Spanish brothers, Deogracias lara Moreno and Antonio Lara Moreno. In 1999, Italian promoters Antonio Carbonaro and Andrea Pelino joined in force, becoming partner at DC10, and creating the Circoloco brand, which would soon become the Monday event during each Ibiza season.

In 2020, the nightclub was voted 19th on the "Top 100 Clubs" list by the readers of DJ Magazine.

DJ Mag
DJ Magazine (also known as DJ Mag) is a British monthly magazine dedicated to electronic dance music and DJs. Founded in 1991, the magazine is adapted for distribution in the United Kingdom, the United States, Spain, France, Italy, Latin America, China, South Korea, Brunei, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Germany, Canada, Russia, Belarus, and the Netherlands.
Tricholoma ferrugineimelleum
Tricholoma ferrugineimelleum is an agaric fungus of the genus Tricholoma. Found in Peninsular Malaysia, where it grows on the ground in montane forest, it was described as new to science in 1994 by English mycologist E.J.H. Corner.

E. J. H. Corner
Edred John Henry Corner FRS (12 January 1906 – 14 September 1996) was an English mycologist and botanist who occupied the posts of assistant director at the Singapore Botanic Gardens (1929–1946) and Professor of Tropical Botany at the University of Cambridge (1965–1973). Corner was a Fellow of Sidney Sussex College from 1959.
P. K. T. Natarajaan
P. K. T. Natarajan is an Indian politician and a former Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of Tamil Nadu. He hails from the village of Ayyampalayam in the Dindigul district. Representing the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) party, he successfully contested the 2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election from the Athoor Assembly constituency and became an MLA.

Dindigul district
Dindigul district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Dindigul District is the largest district in Tamil Nadu by area. The district was carved out of Madurai District in 1985. It has an area of 6266.64 km2 and comprises 3 revenue divisions, 10 taluks, and 14 panchayat unions. The district is  located in Southwest of Tamil Nadu. The district is bound by Madurai district in the south,Tiruppur district in the northwest, Karur district in the north, Tiruchirappalli district in the northeast,  Theni district in the Southwest and Idukki district of Kerala to the west. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,159,775 with a sex-ratio of 998 females for every 1,000 males.
Eun-sook
Eun-sook, also spelled Eun-suk, Un-sook or Un-suk, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Sunwoo Eun-sook (born 1959), South Korean actress

Unsuk Chin (born 1961), South Korean composer

Choi Eun-suk (born 1963), South Korean cyclist

Kim Eun-sook (basketball) (born 1963), South Korean former basketball player

Jo Eun-sook (born 1970), South Korean actress

Kim Eun-sook (born 1973), South Korean screenwriter

Phyo Un-suk (born 1981), North Korean long-distance runner

Choi Eun-sook (born 1986), South Korean épée fencer

Yoo Eun-sook, South Korean voice actor

Jo Eun-sook
Jo Eun-sook (Korean: 조은숙; born August 7, 1970) is a South Korean actress. She won Best Supporting Actress from the Blue Dragon Film Awards for her portrayal of a movie ticket seller dating a failed novelist in Hong Sang-soo's directorial debut The Day a Pig Fell into the Well (1996).
Hans Achterhuis
Herman Johan "Hans" Achterhuis (born September 1, 1942, Hengelo) is Professor Emeritus in Systematic Philosophy at the University of Twente, The Netherlands. For now his research concerns particularly social and political philosophy and philosophy of technology.

His list of publications shows a great scope (in fields of medical care, labour, third-world-philosophy). In 1967, he took his doctoral degree on Albert Camus.

His latest books handle the topics of utopianism (‘De erfenis van de utopie’, ‘The Legacy of Utopia’) and the tension between morality and politics in relation to the Kosovo War (“Politiek van Goede bedoelingen’, ‘Policy of good intentions’). He is co-author of the volume American Philosophy of Technology; The Empirical Turn. This work includes contributions on Albert Borgmann, Hubert Dreyfus, Andrew Feenberg, Donna Haraway, Don Ihde and Langdon Winner.

Andrew Feenberg
Andrew Feenberg (born 1943) is an American philosopher. He holds the Canada Research Chair in the Philosophy of Technology in the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver.  His main interests are philosophy of technology, continental philosophy, critique of technology and science and technology studies.
Francis Matui
Francis Matui is an Anglican bishop in Kenya: he is the current Bishop of Makueni.

Matui was educated at St Paul's Theological College, Kabare and St. Paul's University, Limuru. He served in the Anglican Diocese of Machakos from 1993 until his episcopal appointment which was in part of that diocese until the 2013 sub-division.

Anglican Church of Kenya
The Anglican Church of Kenya (ACK) is a province of the Anglican Communion, and it is composed by 41 dioceses. The current Leader and Archbishop of Kenya is Jackson Ole Sapit. The Anglican Church of Kenya claims nearly 6 million total members. According to a study published in the Journal of Anglican Studies and by Cambridge University Press, the ACK claims 5 million adherents, with no official definition of membership, with nearly 2 million officially affiliated members, and between 310,000 - 400,000 active  members. The church became part of the Province of East Africa in 1960, but Kenya and Tanzania were divided into separate provinces in 1970.
John D. Maguire
John David Maguire (August 7, 1932 – October 26, 2018) was an American academic administrator and civil rights activist. He was the president of SUNY Old Westbury and Claremont Graduate University, and was known for his early promotion of diversity in American higher education.

Claremont Graduate University
The Claremont Graduate University (CGU) is a private postgraduate research university in Claremont, California, United States. Founded in 1925, CGU is a member of the Claremont Colleges consortium which includes five undergraduate and two graduate institutions of higher education.

The university is organized into seven separate units: the School of Arts & Humanities; School of Community & Global Health; Drucker School of Management; School of Educational Studies; the School of Social Science, Policy, & Evaluation; the Center for Information Systems & Technology; and the Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
A Golden Age
A Golden Age is the first novel of the Bangladesh-born writer Tahmima Anam.  It tells the story of the Bangladesh War of Liberation through the eyes of one family. The novel was awarded the prize for Best First Book in the Commonwealth Writers' Prize 2008. It was also shortlisted for the 2007 Guardian First Book Award. The first chapter of the novel appeared in the January 2007 edition of Granta magazine.

In 2022, the novel was included on the "Big Jubilee Read" list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors, selected to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

Commonwealth Foundation prizes
Commonwealth Foundation has presented a number of prizes since 1987. The main award was called the Commonwealth Writers' Prize and was composed of two prizes: the Best Book Prize (overall and regional) was awarded from 1987 to 2011; the Best First Book prize was awarded from 1989 to 2011. In addition the Commonwealth Short Story Competition was awarded from 1996 to 2011.

Beginning in 2012, Commonwealth Foundation discontinued its previous awards and created a new cultural initiative called Commonwealth Writers, which offered two new awards: the Commonwealth Book Prize for the best first book, in which regional winners received £2,500 and the overall winner received £10,000; and the Commonwealth Short Story Prize for the best short stories, in which regional winners received £1,000 and the overall winner received £5,000. After two years, the Book Prize was discontinued. The Short Story Prize remains the sole award from Commonwealth Writers.
Johnson Health Tech
Johnson Health Tech. Co., Ltd. (JHT; Chinese: 喬山健康科技; pinyin: Qiáoshān Jiànkāng Kējì) is a multinational company engaged in the manufacturing and sale of exercise equipment. It is headquartered in Taichung, Taiwan. JHT's products include treadmills, stationary bicycles, elliptical trainers, weight training machines etc. The company has manufacturing plants in Shanghai and Taiwan, and R&D centers in Shanghai, Taiwan, and North America. It is the winner of two Taiwan Excellence Awards.

Exercise equipment
Exercise equipment is any apparatus or device used during physical activity to enhance the strength or conditioning effects of that exercise by providing either fixed or adjustable amounts of resistance, or to otherwise enhance the experience or outcome of an exercise routine.

Exercise equipment may also include such wearable items as proper footgear, gloves, and hydration packs.