hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amerianna carinata
Amerianna carinata is a species of freshwater air-breathing snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails, or planorbids. Like all other planorbids it has a sinistral or left-coiling shell.

Snail
A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name snail is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called slugs, and land snails that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are sometimes called semi-slugs.
Arquivo Histórico Nacional (Angola)
The Arquivo Histórico Nacional is the national archive of Angola. Overseen by the Ministry of Culture, it is headquartered in the city of Luanda on Rua Pedro Felix Machado. As of 2016 a new archives building was under construction in Camama. The Arquivo Histórico Nacional originated in the Centro Nacional de Documentação e Investigação Histórica.

The archive is one of the institutions that hold the Ndembu Archives, which are listed on UNESCO's Memory of the World International Register. A set of slave registration books from 1856 to 1875 formed part of another set of heritage also inscribed on the register.

Memory of the World Programme
UNESCO's Memory of the World (MoW) Programme is an international initiative that recognises documentary heritage of global importance. It aims to safeguard the documentary heritage of humanity against collective amnesia, neglect, decay over time and climatic conditions, as well as deliberate destruction. It calls for the preservation of valuable archival holdings, library collections, and private individual compendia all over the world for posterity and increased accessibility to, and public awareness of, these items.

Following the establishment of the Memory of the World International Register, UNESCO and the Memory of the World Programme have encouraged the creation of autonomous national and regional committees as well as national and regional registers which focus on documentary heritage of great regional or national importance, but not necessarily of global importance.
Yasuhiko Okudera
Yasuhiko Okudera (奥寺 康彦, Okudera Yasuhiko; born 12 March 1952) is a Japanese former football player and manager. He is the president of J2 League club Yokohama FC and was formerly the president of English club Plymouth Argyle. A midfielder, Okudera was the first Japanese footballer to play professionally in Europe, as well as being the first Asian football player to score in the European Cup, while playing for 1. FC Köln in the 1979 semi-final match against Nottingham Forest and made 32 appearances – scoring nine goals – with the Japan national team.

Asian Football Hall of Fame
The Asian Football Hall of Fame, officially known as AFC Hall of Fame, is a hall of fame for Asian professional footballers maintained by Asian Football Confederation. AFC officially created it for 60th anniversary of its foundation on 30 November 2014.
MT-ATP8
MT-ATP8 (or ATP8) is a mitochondrial gene with the full name 'mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase membrane subunit 8' that encodes a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, ATP synthase Fo subunit 8 (or subunit A6L). This subunit belongs to the Fo complex of the large, transmembrane F-type ATP synthase. This enzyme, which is also known as complex V, is responsible for the final step of oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain. Specifically, one segment of ATP synthase allows positively charged ions, called protons, to flow across a specialized membrane inside mitochondria. Another segment of the enzyme uses the energy created by this proton flow to convert a molecule called adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to ATP. Subunit 8 differs in sequence between Metazoa, plants and Fungi.

Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. It is distinguished from hyperplasia, in which the cells remain approximately the same size but increase in number. Although hypertrophy and hyperplasia are two distinct processes, they frequently occur together, such as in the case of the hormonally induced proliferation and enlargement of the cells of the uterus during pregnancy.

Eccentric hypertrophy is a type of hypertrophy where the walls and chamber of a hollow organ undergo growth in which the overall size and volume are enlarged. It is applied especially to the left ventricle of the heart. Sarcomeres are added in series, as for example in dilated cardiomyopathy (in contrast to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a type of concentric hypertrophy, where sarcomeres are added in parallel).
Breeders' Cup Turf
The Breeders' Cup Turf is a Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race on turf for three-year-olds and up. It is held annually at a different racetrack in the United States or Canada as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships. The race's current title sponsor is Longines.

The race is run at the European Classic distance of 1+1⁄2 miles, making it one of the most internationally appealing races on the Breeders' Cup lineup. One of the biggest moments in the race's history came in 2018 when Enable became the first horse to win both the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe and Breeders' Cup Turf in the same year.

The forerunner for this race was the Washington, D.C. International Stakes at Laurel Park Racecourse. Inaugurated in 1952, it was raced on turf at 1+1⁄2 miles and drew the best horses from North America and Europe.

Longines
Compagnie des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A., or simply Longines (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃ʒin]), is a Swiss luxury watchmaker based in Saint-Imier, Switzerland. Founded by Auguste Agassiz in 1832, the company has been a subsidiary of the Swiss Swatch Group and its predecessors since 1983. Its winged hourglass logo, registered in 1889, is the oldest unchanged active trademark registered with WIPO.
Riverfront Trail, Greater Moncton
The Riverfront Trail is a multiuse trail in Greater Moncton, along the shores of the Petitcodiac River. The trail comprises the Moncton section of the Trans Canada Trail, passing through the city's Riverfront Park, and extends to the neighbouring communities of Riverview  and Dieppe. Points of interest include Bore View Park, Settlers Green, a skateboard park, the Hal Betts Commemorative Sportsplex and the Treitz Haus.

The trail, along with several Moncton streets, is used annually for Legs For Literacy, a Boston Marathon qualifying race also featuring a half marathon, 10km, and 5km.

Shared-use path
A shared-use path, mixed-use path or multi-use pathway is a path which is "designed to accommodate the movement of pedestrians and cyclists". Examples of shared-use paths include sidewalks designated as shared-use, bridleways and rail trails. A shared-use path typically has a surface that is asphalt, concrete or firmly packed crushed aggregate. Shared-use paths differ from cycle tracks and cycle paths in that shared-use paths are designed to include pedestrians even if the primary anticipated users are cyclists.

The path may also permit other users such as inline skating. Contrastingly, motorcycles and mopeds are normally prohibited. Shared-use paths sometimes provide different lanes for users who travel at different speeds to prevent conflicts between user groups on high-use trails. Shared-use paths are criticised for creating conflict between different users. The UK's Department for Transport deprecates this kind of route in denser urban environments.
Philip Showalter Hench
Philip Showalter Hench (February 28, 1896 – March 30, 1965) was an American physician.  Hench, along with his Mayo Clinic co-worker Edward Calvin Kendall and Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1950 for the discovery of the hormone cortisone, and its application for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.  The Nobel Committee bestowed the award for the trio's "discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects."

Hench received his undergraduate education at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, and received his medical training at the United States Army Medical Corps and the University of Pittsburgh.  He began working at Mayo Clinic in 1923, later serving as the head of the Department of Rheumatology.  In addition to the Nobel Prize, Hench received many other awards and honors throughout his career.  He also had a lifelong interest in the history and discovery of yellow fever.

Adrenal cortex
The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland. It is divided into three separate zones: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Each zone is responsible for producing specific hormones. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis.
Yarner Wood & Trendlebere Down
50°35′42.22″N 3°43′35.13″W﻿ / ﻿50.5950611°N 3.7264250°W﻿ / 50.5950611; -3.7264250

Yarner Wood & Trendlebere Down in Dartmoor, Devon, England is a woodland managed by Natural England.  The woodland is part of the East Dartmoor Woods and Heaths National Nature Reserve.  The entire area is 777 acres (3.14 km2) while Yarner Wood is 365 acres (1.48 km2). Since 1985 the site has been designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest.  Many types of tree grow in Yarner Wood including oak, birch, scots pine, larch and beech.  It is home to buzzards, sparrow hawks, nightjars and pied flycatchers.

From 1857 to 1862, a copper mine operated in Yarner Wood and extracted ore which gave over 2000 tonnes of copper.

Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestris, the Scots pine (UK), Scotch pine (US), Baltic pine, or European red pine is a species of tree in the pine family Pinaceae that is native to Eurasia. It can readily be identified by its combination of fairly short, blue-green leaves and orange-red bark.
Clive Anderson's Comedy Revolutions
Clive Anderson's Comedy Revolutions was a radio programme that originally aired from June 2004 to December 2005. There were 12 half-hour episodes and it was broadcast on BBC Radio 2. It starred Clive Anderson.

Clive Anderson
Clive Stuart Anderson (born 10 December 1952) is an English comedian, presenter, writer and former barrister. Winner of a British Comedy Award in 1991, Anderson began experimenting with comedy and writing comedic scripts during his 15-year legal career. He then became host of Whose Line Is It Anyway?, initially a radio show on BBC Radio 4 in 1988, before moving to television on Channel 4 from 1988 to 1999. He was also host of his own chat show Clive Anderson Talks Back, which changed its name to Clive Anderson All Talk in 1996, from 1989 to 1999. He has also hosted many radio programmes and made guest appearances on Have I Got News for You, Mock the Week and QI.
Víctor Bó
Víctor Bó (born 8 April 1943) is an Argentine retired actor and film producer. He is the son of classic actor and director Armando Bó, who directed Bó Junior in several films in which he co-starred with his father's muse, Isabel Sarli. He is also the father and uncle of filmmakers and Academy Award Winners for Best Original Screenplay Armando Bo and Nicolás Giacobone, respectively.

Barbarian Queen
Barbarian Queen (also known as Queen of the Naked Steel) is a 1985 American-Argentine fantasy film starring Lana Clarkson, directed by Héctor Olivera and written by Howard R. Cohen. The film premiered in April 1985 in the United States.  It was executive produced by Roger Corman, and it was the third in a series of ten movies that Corman produced in Argentina during the 1980s.
Eric Frauenfelder
Eric Frauenfelder (23 May 1901 – 11 August 1993) was an Australian rugby league player.

Raised in Albury, Frauenfelder was the descent of German migrants and attended the local Christian Brother's College, then relocated to the Queensland town of Ipswich after finishing school.

Frauenfelder was a Queensland Country representative cricketer, won a state lightweight boxing championship and also competed in Australian rules football, from which he gained some of the skills needed to play fullback when he switched to rugby league in 1921. He played fullback in the 1920s Queensland sides which dominated New South Wales in interstate matches and represented Australia in three home Test matches against Great Britain in 1924.

Albury
Albury (/ˈɔːlbəri/ ALL-bree; Wiradjuri: Bungambrawatha) is a major regional city located in the Murray region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the twin city of Albury-Wodonga, situated on the Hume Highway and the northern side of the Murray River. Albury is the seat of local government for the council area which also bears the city's name – the City of Albury. It is on the Victoria–New South Wales border.

Albury has an urban population of 53,677 and is separated from its twin city in Victoria, Wodonga, by the Murray River. Together, the two cities form an urban area with a population of 97,793 in 2021. It is 554 kilometres (344 mi) from the state capital Sydney and 326 kilometres (203 mi) from the Victorian capital Melbourne.

Said to be named after a village in England, United Kingdom, Albury developed as a major transport link between New South Wales and Victoria and was proclaimed a city in 1946.
Dr. Mawson in the Antarctic
Dr. Mawson in the Antarctic, known by many other titles, including in Australia as Home of the Blizzard, and released on the UK as Life in the Antarctic, is a collection of silent documentary footage of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (AAE). The AAE was a 1911–1914 expedition to Antarctica led by Australian geologist and explorer Douglas Mawson, which was photographed with both still camera and cinematograph by one of the expedition members who was also the official photographer, Frank Hurley. The moving picture footage was released in varying versions, sometimes along with stills, with its first iterations in Australia, released in 1912 and 1913, titled With Mawson in the South. Direction of the film has been ascribed to Hurley, but the history of the film indicates otherwise; it was likely that he was only the cinematographer.

Cinematograph
A cinematograph or kinematograph was an early motion picture film mechanism of various kinds. The name was used for movie cameras as well as film projectors, or for complete systems that also provided means to print films (such as the Cinématographe Lumière).
South African Women's Open
The South African Women's Open is a golf tournament. It was first played in 1988, is sanctioned by the Women's PGA of South Africa and is played as part of the Sunshine Ladies Tour. The tournament has been co-sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour 2012–2014 and from 2018 onwards.

The title sponsor is Investec and the host sponsor is the City of Cape Town.

City of Cape Town
The City of Cape Town (Afrikaans: Stad Kaapstad; Xhosa: Isixeko saseKapa) is a metropolitan municipality that forms the local government of Cape Town and surrounding areas.  As of 2022 it has a population of 4,772,846.
Jean Bourdeau
Jean Bourdeau (28 June 1848 – 8 September 1928) was a French writer, known for his books on aspects of socialism. He was also a translator of Schopenhauer, and an early adopter in France of some of the thought of Nietzsche. He wrote on a wide range of subjects, from Johannes Janssen to Maxim Gorky and the rising personality cult of Lenin. He contributed in particular to the Journal des Débats, on contemporary philosophy

He was a friend and correspondent of Georges Sorel; Sorel's side of their correspondence has been published.

Johannes Janssen
Johannes Janssen (Xanten, 10 April 1829 – Frankfurt-am-Main, 24 December 1891) was a German Catholic priest and historian. He wrote an eight volume History of the German People, quoting many original sources.
73rd Infantry Regiment "Lombardia"
The 73rd Infantry Regiment "Lombardia" (Italian: 73° Reggimento Fanteria "Lombardia") is an inactive unit of the Italian Army last based in Arzene. The regiment is named for the region of Lombardy and part of the Italian Army's infantry arm.

The regiment was formed 1859 as a Grenadier regiment, but was transferred to the line infantry in 1871. In 1866 the regiment fought in the Third Italian War of Independence and in 1870 it participated in the capture of Rome. In World War I the regiment fought on the Italian front. During World War II the regiment was assigned to the 57th Infantry Division "Lombardia", with which it participated in the Invasion of Yugoslavia. Afterwards the division remained in occupied Yugoslavia until it was disbanded by invading German forces after the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943. In 1963 the regiment was reformed, but in 1973 it was reduced to a battalion sized unit, which was disbanded in 1986.

Alba
Alba (/ˈælbə, ˈælvə/ AL-bə, AL-və, Scottish Gaelic: [ˈal̪ˠəpə]) is the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland. It is also, in English-language historiography, used to refer to the polity of Picts and Scots united in the ninth century as the Kingdom of Alba, until it developed into the Kingdom of Scotland of the late Middle Ages following the absorption of Strathclyde and English-speaking Lothian in the 12th century. It is cognate with the Irish term Alba (gen. Alban, dat. Albain) and the Manx term Nalbin, the two other Goidelic Insular Celtic languages, as well as contemporary words used in Cornish (Alban) and Welsh (Yr Alban), both of which are Brythonic Insular Celtic languages. The third surviving Brythonic language, Breton, instead uses Bro-Skos, meaning 'country of the Scots'. In the past, these terms were names for Great Britain as a whole, related to the Brythonic name Albion.
Freddy Quezada
Freddy Antonio Quezada is a retired Nicaraguan academic who most recently taught at the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua. In November 2023, he was arrested by Nicaraguan authorities which, according to some sources, was in the aftermath of his liking a post on X (formerly Twitter), critical of the government of Daniel Ortega. Quezada was released from detention in September 2024, and subsequently sent to exile in Guatemala.

2018 Nicaraguan protests
The 2018 Nicaraguan protests began on 18 April 2018 when demonstrators in several cities of Nicaragua began protests against the social security reforms decreed by President Daniel Ortega that increased taxes and decreased benefits. After five days of unrest in which nearly thirty people were killed, Ortega announced the cancellation of the reforms; however, the opposition has grown through the 2014–2018 Nicaraguan protests to denounce Ortega and demand his resignation, becoming one of the largest protests in his government's history and the deadliest civil conflict since the end of the Nicaraguan Revolution. On 29 September 2018, political demonstrations were declared illegal by President Ortega.
Natalya Shevtsova
Natalya Shevtsova (born 17 December 1974) was a professional sprinter from Russia. She won a bronze medal at the 2001 IAAF World Championships in the 4 × 400 m relay event by virtue of running for her team in the preliminary rounds.

She also came in fourth place at the 2001 Goodwill Games in the same event, this time running in the final.

2001 World Championships in Athletics
The 8th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada between 3 and 12 August 2001 and was the first time the event had visited North America. The music for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies was composed by Canadian composers Jan Randall and Cassius Khan. The ceremonies also featured a thousand-strong voice choir, and the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra.

Edmonton defeated bids from Paris, France (which hosted the next edition) and the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States to host the event. Edmonton had previously hosted the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1983 Summer Universiade.
Scriptural geologist
Scriptural geologists (or Mosaic geologists) were a heterogeneous group of writers in the early nineteenth century, who claimed "the primacy of literalistic biblical exegesis" and a short Young Earth time-scale. Their views were marginalised and ignored by the scientific community of their time. They "had much the same relationship to 'philosophical' (or scientific) geologists as their indirect descendants, the twentieth-century creationists." Paul Wood describes them as "mostly Anglican evangelicals" with "no institutional focus and little sense of commonality". They generally lacked any background in geology, and had little influence even in church circles.

Scientific community
The scientific community is a diverse network of interacting scientists. It includes many "sub-communities" working on particular scientific fields, and within particular institutions; interdisciplinary and cross-institutional activities are also significant. Objectivity is expected to be achieved by the scientific method. Peer review, through discussion and debate within journals and conferences, assists in this objectivity by maintaining the quality of research methodology and interpretation of results.
Order of the Reunion
The Order of the Reunion (French: Ordre de la Réunion) was an order of merit of the First French Empire, set up to be awarded to Frenchmen and foreigners to reward services in the civil service, magistracy and army, particularly those from areas newly annexed to France, such as the Kingdom of Holland. It was established in 1811 and abolished in 1815. There were similar orders in the other states annexed by France, such as the Palatinate, Papal States, Tuscany and Piedmont, including the Order of the Lion of Bavaria, the Order of the Golden Spur, the Order of St John Lateran, the Order of Saint Stephen, the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation and the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus.

Order of Saint Stephen
The Order of Saint Stephen (officially Sacro Militare Ordine di Santo Stefano Papa e Martire, 'Holy Military Order of St. Stephen Pope and Martyr') is a Roman Catholic Tuscan dynastic military order founded in 1561.  The order was created by Cosimo I de' Medici, first Grand Duke of Tuscany.  The last member of the Medici dynasty to be a leader of the order was Gian Gastone de Medici in 1737.  The purported dissolution of the order in 1859 by the provisional government of Tuscany to the Kingdom of Sardinia was in breach of canon law and had no effect on the status of the Order. The former Kingdom of Italy did not recognize the order as a legal entity, but today the Italian republic includes it among the non-national Orders for which permission may be given in the name of the president to wear the decorations in Italy.