hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Broadseam
Broadseam is a term particular to the making of a sail. The panels that make up the sections of a sail are cut with curves on the connecting edges or seams. This method adds a three dimensional shape to what would ordinarily be a flat triangular or quadrilateral piece of fabric. Since a sail is a type of airfoil, this method of sail making adds significantly to the amount of draft a sail can have.

Seam (sewing)
In sewing, a seam is the join where two or more layers of fabric, leather, or other materials are held together with stitches. Prior to the invention of the sewing machine, all sewing was done by hand. Seams in modern mass-produced household textiles, sporting goods, and ready-to-wear clothing are sewn by computerized machines, while home shoemaking, dressmaking, quilting, crafts, haute couture and tailoring may use a combination of hand and machine sewing.

In clothing construction, seams are classified by their type (plain, lapped, abutted, or French seams) and position in the finished garment (center back seam, inseam, side seam). Seams are finished with a variety of techniques to prevent raveling of raw fabric edges and to neaten the inside of garments.

The most common standard for seams is ASTM International ASTM D6193-16(2020)  This standard  also covers various types of stitches
Rhynchocypris semotilus
Rhynchocypris semotilus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, chubs, true minnows and related fishes. It is endemic to the Korean peninsula.

Chub
Chub is a common fish name.  It pertains to any one of a number of ray-finned fish in several families and general. In the UK, the term chub usually refers to the species Squalius cephalus. In addition, see sea chub.
Ruth Welting
Ruth Welting (November 5, 1948 – December 16, 1999) was an American operatic soprano who had an active international career from the early 1970s through the mid-1990s. A specialist in the coloratura soprano repertoire, she was particularly associated with the Metropolitan Opera where she performed regularly from 1976 until her retirement from performance in 1994. Endowed with a powerful coloratura voice, she is remembered as one of a few sopranos capable of singing the Mad Scene ("Il dolce suono") from Lucia di Lammermoor in the original F major key.

Coloratura soprano
A coloratura soprano (Italian: soprano di coloratura) is a type of operatic soprano voice that specializes in music that is distinguished by agile runs, leaps and trills.

The term coloratura refers to the elaborate ornamentation of a melody, which is a typical component of the music written for this voice. Within the coloratura category, there are roles written specifically for lighter voices known as lyric coloraturas and others for larger voices known as dramatic coloraturas. Categories within a certain vocal range are determined by the size, weight and color of the voice. Coloratura is particularly found in vocal music and especially in operatic singing of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Howell normal form
In linear algebra and ring theory, the Howell normal form is a generalization of the row echelon form of a matrix over , the ring of integers modulo N. The row spans of two matrices agree if, and only if, their Howell normal forms agree. The Howell normal form generalizes the Hermite normal form, which is defined for matrices over .

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
O Novo Passo
"O Novo Passo" (Portuguese for "The New Step") is a single by Brazilian alternative rock band A Banca. It initially debuted on August 24, 2013 through radio station Jovem Pan, but was played live by the band for the first time during a show in São Vicente the day prior. On September 2 (exactly one week before the suicide of frontman Champignon), the song was made available on streaming platforms. In an interview, the band claimed that the lyrics are supposed to deliver a message of "new beginnings, courage and love", and the "importance of union".

The song, which was chosen by Rolling Stone Brasil one of the best of the year, was the band's only official release, and the last song ever written by Champignon in his lifetime.

Jovem Pan
Jovem Pan is a Brazilian media conglomerate based in São Paulo, Brazil. It consists of a commercial radio and television network with programming focused on journalism, entertainment, and sports broadcasts, controlled by Grupo Jovem Pan. The network consists of the radio stations Jovem Pan FM and Jovem Pan News, the TV channel Jovem Pan News, and the streaming service Panflix.

Jovem Pan has the largest network of radio stations in Brazil, Latin America, and the southern hemisphere, and it is one of the biggest radio stations in the world. The network has several bureaus, 109 affiliated stations all over Brazil. Jovem Pan broadcasts through satellite digital quality sound reaching more than 25 million listeners, and throughout the world by the Internet. Therefore, Jovem Pan is one of the most important media companies in the history of the communications industry in Brazil.
SAF Medical Corps
The Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps (SAF Medical Corps) is the medical corps of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) that provides medical services to the Army, Navy and Air Force. The Medical Corps establishes policies and directs the full implementation of quality force health, medical force protection, operational support, medical information technology, medical manpower and logistics, as well as its medical inspectorate within the Singapore Armed Forces.

Republic of Singapore Air Force
The Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) is the aerial service branch of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) responsible for controlling and defending the airspace of the country, and providing air support to the Army and Navy. It was established in 1968 as the Singapore Air Defence Command (SADC) before renaming to its current name in 1975.

As one of the larger and more technologically advanced air forces in Southeast Asia, the RSAF has undertaken a significant role in Singapore's military defence strategy since its formation. The RSAF is one of the more modern air forces in the region.

The RSAF currently has four domestic airbases – Paya Lebar, Changi, Sembawang and Tengah – as well as a training detachment at the civilian airport of Seletar. The RSAF also has overseas detachments in various countries, most notably in Australia, France, Thailand and the United States. As of 2023, the RSAF has a strength of 6,000 active personnel.
Shelby Lynne
Shelby Lynn Moorer (born October 22, 1968), known professionally as Shelby Lynne, is an American singer and songwriter and the older sister of singer-songwriter Allison Moorer. The success of her pop rock album I Am Shelby Lynne (1999) led to her winning the Grammy Award for Best New Artist, despite it being her sixth studio album. She released a Dusty Springfield tribute album called Just a Little Lovin' in 2008. Since then she has started her own independent record label, called Everso Records, and released six albums: Tears, Lies and Alibis; Merry Christmas; Revelation Road; Thanks; I Can't Imagine; and Shelby Lynne. Lynne is also known for her distinctive contralto voice.

Contralto
A contralto (Italian pronunciation: [konˈtralto]) is a classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest of their voice types.

The contralto voice type is fairly rare. A contralto's range is similar to that of a mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor – typically from the F below middle C (F3 in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F5), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D3) or the second B♭ above middle C (B♭5). The contralto voice type includes coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contraltos.
WGIV
WGIV (1370 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Pineville, North Carolina, and serving the Charlotte metropolitan area. It airs an mainstream urban radio format. WGIV is owned by Frank Neely's RFPJY, LLC, but the station is operated by Steve Hedgwood's Core Communications, which owns a similar trimulcast in Atlanta of W233BF, WIPK and WFDR-FM.

By day, WGIV is powered at 5,000 watts.  To protect other stations on 1370 AM, it reduces power at night to 67 watts.  WGIV is simulcast on FM translators W277CB at 103.3 MHz and W263CY at 100.5 MHz, both of which are licensed to Charlotte.

WFDR-FM
WFDR-FM (94.5 FM) is a currently silent radio station licensed to Woodbury, Georgia, United States.  The station is currently owned by Ploener Radio Group, LLC.   Prior to its Hip-Hop format, the station was branded as "Mountain Country 94.5"  with "Today's Country Favorites & Legendary Treasures!" as its slogan. Edgewater eventually began an LMA with Ploener Radio Group mainly to remove any issues regarding W233BF in Atlanta, which shares WFDR's frequency and simulcasts the same programming mainly meant for the larger market.
Symeon of Polotsk
Symeon (Simeon) of Polotsk or Symeon Polotsky (Russian: Симео́н По́лоцкий; born as Samuel Piotrowski-Sitnianowicz, Russian: Самуи́л Петро́вский-Ситнянович; December 12, 1629 – August 25, 1680) was an academically-trained Baroque poet, dramatist, churchman, and enlightener of Belarusian descent who came from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to the Tsardom of Russia.

Alexis of Russia
Alexei Mikhailovich (Russian: Алексей Михайлович, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ]; 19 March [O.S. 9 March] 1629 – 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1676), also known as Alexis, was Tsar of all Russia from 1645 until his death in 1676. He was the second Russian tsar from the House of Romanov.

He was the first tsar to sign laws on his own authority and his council passed the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, which strengthened the bonds between autocracy and the lower nobility. In religious matters, he sided closely with Patriarch Nikon during the schism in the Russian Orthodox Church which saw unpopular liturgical reforms.

While finding success in foreign affairs, his reign saw several wars with Iran, Poland (from whom left-bank Ukraine and Smolensk were annexed) and Sweden, as well as internal instabilities such as the Salt Riot in Moscow and the Cossack revolt of Stenka Razin in southern Russia. At the time of his death, Russia spanned almost 8.1 million km2 (3.1 million sq mi).
To Commit a Murder
To Commit a Murder (France: Peau d'espion) is a 1967 French neo-noir spy film starring Louis Jourdan. It was one of a series of thrillers directed by Edouard Molinaro in the 1960s. The film was based on the 1967 novel Peau d'espion by Jacques Robert.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
New York Trolley Company
The New York Trolley Company is a trolley rental service based in New York, NY.  The company was founded in 2009 by David S. Pike.  Their fleet of tourist trolleys cater to events such as weddings, pub crawls, corporate events, birthday parties, and bachelorette parties.  They serve the five boroughs, Long Island, and parts of New Jersey and Connecticut.

Since its founding, the Company has grown through several partnerships with non-profit organizations and word-of-mouth marketing.  It has received press in the New York Post and The Campus Socialite.

Several celebrity weddings in the NYC area have used New York Trolley Company including Lucinda Ruh as well as non-profits including Heart of Brooklyn's First Saturday museum shuttle.

Bachelorette party
A bachelorette party (United States and Canada) or hen night (United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is a party held for a woman (the bride or bride-to-be) who will soon be married. While Beth Montemurro concludes that the bachelorette party is modeled after the centuries-old stag night in the US, which is itself historically a dinner given by the bridegroom to his friends shortly before his wedding, Sheila Young argues that its British counterpart evolved from a number of earlier pre-wedding traditions for women (Ribbon Girl, Pay Off, Bosola, Taking Out, Jumping the Chanty, to name but a few) whose origins are obscure but which have been around for at least a century in factories and offices across the UK. Despite its reputation as "a sodden farewell to maiden days" or "an evening of debauchery", these events can simply be parties given in honor of the bride-to-be, in the style that is common to that social circle.
Alberto Cardoso
Alberto Fernando Cardoso (17 October 1906 - deceased), is a former Portuguese footballer who played as a forward.

Cardoso joined Benfica in 1930, where he spent four years, scoring 23 goals in 62 matches, winning two Primeira Liga's and two Campeonatos de Portugal.

Campeonato de Lisboa
The Campeonato de Lisboa (English: Championship of Lisbon) was a regional football league in Portugal situated at the third level of the Portuguese football league system. It started in 1906, before the Lisbon Football Association was created, and ran until 1947.

The Campeonato de Portugal was created in 1922 and reunited all of regional league winners in a playoff. From 1934, with the establishment of the Primeira Divisão and Segunda Divisão, it became the third level.

As time progressed, main clubs focused on national competitions, so the league folded in 1947.
Mant tehsil
Mant, also Mat, is a town and Tehsil in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Mant is situated 23 kilometers (14.3 miles) from the city of Mathura and 45 kilometers (28 miles) from Khair City. It belongs to the Agra Division.

Khair
Khair is a town and a municipal board in Aligarh district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Khair is the largest town of Aligarh district. It is situated around 27 km from Aligarh, 114 km from Delhi and 60 km from Mathura.
Buettneria
Buettneria can refer to:

Koskinonodon, an extinct genus of large temnospondyl amphibian, originally described as Buettneria, a name later found to be preoccupied, before being synonymized with Anaschisma

Buettneria (katydid), a genus of bush crickets or katydids in the family Tettigoniidae, subfamily Phaneropterinae

Buettneria (gastropod), a genus of land snails in the family Urocyclidae

Phaneropterinae
The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae.  They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids.

The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.
The Titan on the Tracks
"The Titan on the Tracks" is the second season premiere of the American television series Bones and the 23rd episode overall. Written by series creator Hart Hanson and directed by Tony Wharmby, the episode first aired on the Fox network on August 30, 2006. The episode's plot features the investigation of FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth (played by David Boreanaz) and Dr. Temperance Brennan (played by Emily Deschanel) into the deaths of a U.S. senator and an ex-basketball player. The episode also introduces a new main character, Dr. Camille Saroyan (played by Tamara Taylor), who is Brennan's new superior.

Temperance "Bones" Brennan
Dr. Temperance "Bones" Brennan, Ph.D. (born Joy Keenan) is a fictional character portrayed by Emily Deschanel in the American Fox television series Bones.  An anthropologist, forensic anthropologist, and kinesiologist, she is described in the series as a leading authority in the field of forensic anthropology. Brennan first appeared on television, along with other series characters, in the "Pilot" episode of Bones on September 13, 2005. She is the titular female protagonist of the series.

Brennan is loosely based on author Kathy Reichs. Her name originates from the heroine in Reichs's crime novel series, also named Temperance Brennan. The main similarity the two share is their occupation as forensic anthropologists. Brennan appeared in Comcast's list of TV's Most Intriguing Characters. She was included in AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters. Her relationship with Seeley Booth was listed in Entertainment Weekly's "30 Best 'Will They/Won't They?' TV Couples".
Roman roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Roman roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their construction represented the adoption of the values and achievements of Roman civilization (the process of Romanization). The Romans also used waterways for transporting goods or for traveling: the Sava, Drina, Neretva, Vrbas, Bosna, Trebišnjica, Una and their tributaries.

Drina
The Drina (Serbian Cyrillic: Дрина, pronounced [drǐːna]) is a 346 km (215 mi) long river in the Balkans, which forms a large portion of the border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It is the longest tributary of the Sava River and the longest karst river in the Dinaric Alps which belongs to the Danube River drainage basin.

The Drina originates from the confluence of the rivers Tara and Piva, in the glen between the slopes of the Maglić, Hum and Pivska Planina mountains, between the villages of Šćepan Polje, Montenegro and Hum, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
North American Association of Teachers of Polish
North American Association of Teachers of Polish (NAATPl) is a professional organization established by Polish language instructors and teachers in North America to promote the teaching, learning, and research of Polish as a second language. Among its main objectives are increasing the visibility of Polish language programs and centers in North America, fostering professional development among Polish as a foreign language professionals, encouraging research in Polish language pedagogy, providing a shared forum for experiences and ideas, and organizing Polish language events such as panels, roundtables, and workshops. NAATPl was founded in May 2015 and, as an affiliate of the American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages (AATSEEL), holds its  annual general meetings in conjunction with AATSEEL conferences.

Language pedagogy
Language pedagogy is the discipline concerned with the theories and techniques of teaching language. It has been described as a type of teaching wherein the teacher draws from their own prior knowledge and actual experience in teaching language. The approach is distinguished from research-based methodologies.

There are several methods in language pedagogy but they can be classified into three: structural, functional, and interactive. Each of these encompasses a number of methods that can be utilised in order to teach and learn languages.
Gamuda Berhad
Gamuda Berhad (MYX: 5398) is a leading and renowned Malaysian corporation with worldwide recognition, widely regarded as a powerhouse in engineering, infrastructure, and property development.  Regarded as one of the country’s largest and most prominent entities in civil engineering and development, Gamuda has delivered numerous large-scale projects both domestically and abroad, including the Klang Valley MRT lines, expressways, airport runways, railways, tunnels, water treatment plants, dams, concessions, and township developments. The company is listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia, and is recognised for maintaining one of the largest construction order books among Malaysian engineering firms. Beyond Malaysia, Gamuda has established a strong international footprint, with regional operations in Australia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Singapore, India, and Qatar, underscoring its position as one of the region’s most reputable engineering firms.

Order book
An order book is the list of orders (manual or electronic) that a trading venue (in particular stock exchanges) uses to record the interest of buyers and sellers in a particular financial instrument. A matching engine uses the book to determine which orders can be fully or partially executed.
1982 Big Ten baseball tournament
The 1982 Big Ten Conference baseball tournament was held at Old Illinois Field on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in Champaign, Illinois, from May 21 through 23. The top two teams from the regular season in each division participated in the double-elimination tournament, the second annual tournament sponsored by the Big Ten Conference to determine the league champion. Minnesota won their first tournament championship and earned the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 1982 NCAA Division I baseball tournament

Illinois Field (1884)
Illinois Field was a stadium in Urbana, Illinois. It hosted the Illinois Fighting Illini football team until they moved to the Memorial Stadium in 1923 and the school's baseball team until they moved to the current Illinois Field in 1988.  The stadium held 17,000 people at its peak.
Jishan Gatehouse
Jishan Gatehouse (Chinese: 積善樓; pinyin: Jīshànlóu, literally "accumulate goodwill tower") is a historic gatehouse in Beitun District, Taichung, Taiwan. Initially constructed as the south entrance to a sanheyuan, the gatehouse is protected as a historical site in Taichung.

Gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the most heavily armed section of a fortification, to compensate for being structurally the weakest and the most probable attack point by an enemy. There are numerous surviving examples in France, Austria, Germany, England and Japan.
District Council of Hawker
The District Council of Hawker was a local government area in South Australia from 1888 to 1997, centred on the town of Hawker. At its creation it was the northernmost local government area in the state.

Local government areas of South Australia
Local government in the Australian state of South Australia describes the organisations and processes by which towns and districts can manage their own affairs to the extent permitted by section 64A of Constitution Act 1934 (SA).