hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Mafeking
The siege of Mafeking was a 217-day siege battle for the town of Mafeking (now called Mahikeng) in South Africa during the Second Boer War from October 1899 to May 1900. The siege received considerable attention as Lord Edward Cecil, the son of the British prime minister, was in the besieged town, as also was Lady Sarah Wilson, a daughter of the Duke of Marlborough and aunt of Winston Churchill. The siege turned the British commander, Colonel Robert Baden-Powell, into a national hero. The Relief of Mafeking (the lifting of the siege), while of little military significance, was a morale boost for the struggling British.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
San Salvatore Monferrato
San Salvatore Monferrato is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Turin and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Alessandria.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
2019–20 Ascenso MX season
The 2019–20 Ascenso MX season was a two-part competition: Apertura 2019 and Clausura 2020, which were the final two seasons of Ascenso MX, the second-tier football league of Mexico. Apertura began on 1 August 2019. On April 17, Liga MX President Enrique Bonilla announced the termination of the remainder of the Clausura 2020 tournament. Two reasons were the COVID-19 pandemic and the league's lack of financial resources.

On 22 May 2020 the Clausura season was cancelled and no champion will be crowned. With this announcement there would be no promotion or regulation for six seasons.

Potros UAEM
Club de Fútbol Potros de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México was a Mexican football team. They were nicknamed  Potros (Broncos). Their uniform color was white and green, wearing a white and green vertical stripe shirt for their home games. The club was founded in 1970 when the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico register its football squad in to the Tercera División de México under the name of Moscos de la UAEM. The club played in the Ascenso MX between 2016 and 2019. In December 2019, the team dissolved their Ascenso MX squad and only maintained the Liga TDP team until the end of the season, after this, the second squad was dissolved.
Etlingera velutina
Etlingera velutina is a monocotyledonous plant species first described by Henry Nicholas Ridley, and given its current name by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Etlingera velutina is a member of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae .

The species is divided into the following varieties:

Etlingera var. longipedunculata

Etlingera var. velutina

Rosemary Margaret Smith
Rosemary Margaret Smith (1933–2004) was a Scottish botanist and illustrator who specialized in the taxonomy of the Zingiberaceae, or ginger family. Many of the species she classified and identified as being placed into improper genera were found in Asian countries, especially in the isolated island of Borneo.

Elettariopsis smithiae, a species of ginger native to Malaysia and Thailand, is named in honour of her. In 2001, a genus titled Smithatris was named after her, the two species in the genus being Smithatris supraneanae and Smithatris myanmarensis.
Diocese of Keta–Akatsi
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Keta–Akatsi (Latin: Ketaën(sis)–Akatsien(sis)) is a suffragan Latin diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Accra in Ghana,

The bishops' seat is Christ the King Cathedral, in Akatsi. The diocese also contains a co-cathedral: St. Michael's Cathedral, in the city of Keta.

Christ the King
Christ the King is a title of Jesus in Christianity referring to the idea of the Kingdom of God where Christ is described as being seated at the right hand of God. Many Christian denominations consider the kingly office of Christ to be one of the threefold offices: Christ is a prophet, priest, and king. The title "Christ the King" is frequently used as a name for churches, schools, seminaries, hospitals, and religious institutes.
Ernst Feuz
Ernst Feuz (7 September 1909 – February 1988) was a Swiss ski jumper. He participated at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, where he placed eighth, with a first jump of 52.5 metres and a second jump of 58.5 metres. He initiated the Schilthorn Cableway in 1959.

Schilthorn
The Schilthorn is a mountain in the Bernese Alps of Switzerland, Europe. The 2970 m (9744 ft) summit overlooks the valley of Lauterbrunnen in the Bernese Oberland, and is the highest mountain in the range lying north of the Sefinenfurgge Pass. The Schilthorn lies above the village of Mürren, from where a cable car leads to its summit, holding the record of the steepest cable car in the world.

Administratively, the summit is within the municipality of Lauterbrunnen, although the western slopes are within the municipality of Reichenbach im Kandertal. Both municipalities are in the canton of Bern.

The summit has a panoramic view which spans from the Titlis, Jungfrau, Mönch, Eiger, over the Bernese Alps and the Jura mountains up to the Vosges Mountains and the Black Forest.  Mont Blanc is also just visible.
Ilze Bērziņa
Ilze Bērziņa (born 4 January 1984 in Rīga) is a Latvian chess player who holds the title of Woman Grandmaster (2009). She won the Latvian Chess Championship for women in 2004, 2008, 2012, 2019 and 2024.

Latvian Chess Championship
The Latvian Chess Championship (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha čempionāts) is the annual national chess tournament of Latvia among men and women players, which was established in 1924. It is organized by the Latvian Chess Federation (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha federācija), previously - Latvian Chess Union (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha savienība).
Imre Kertész
Imre Kertész (Hungarian: [ˈimrɛ ˈkɛrteːs]; 9 November 1929 – 31 March 2016) was a Hungarian author and recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature, "for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history". He was the first Hungarian to win the Nobel in Literature. His works deal with themes of the Holocaust (he was a survivor of German concentration and death camps), dictatorship, and personal freedom.

Melville House Publishing
Melville House Publishing is an American independent publisher of literary fiction, non-fiction, and poetry. The company was founded in 2001 and is run by the husband-and-wife team of Dennis Loy Johnson and Valerie Merians in Hoboken, New Jersey. The company is named after the author Herman Melville. It has a reputation as an "activist press" and publisher of left-leaning books.
Kane Bradley
Kane Bradley (born 3 February 2000) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who last played as a second-row, centre for the Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League (NRL).

He previously played for the North Queensland Cowboys in the National Rugby League (NRL).

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
Brock Winkless
N. Brock Winkless IV (October 12, 1959 – July 18, 2015) was an American puppeteer and visual effects technician. He was the puppeteer of Chucky in the 1988 horror film, Child's Play, and its first three sequels, as well as the puppeteer of the Crypt Keeper in several episodes of the HBO television series, Tales from the Crypt.

Meet the Applegates
Meet the Applegates (released in the Philippines and the United States as The Applegates) is a 1990 American science fiction horror black comedy film directed by Michael Lehmann. It was filmed during 1988-89, but not released in the United States until 1991 due to the financial difficulties surrounding New World Pictures, its production company. It takes a dark, satirical look at the end of the world, nuclear holocausts, alienism and terrorism. It was filmed in Oshkosh, Appleton, and Neenah, Wisconsin. It has gained a cult following.

The film focuses on a family of mutant shapeshifters from Brazil who have taken human form and settled in Ohio, set to cause nuclear holocaust and human extinction, but their experience of life is beset by very human vices and flaws.
Dinghushan railway station
Dinghushan railway station (Chinese: 鼎湖山站) is a railway station in Dinghu District, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China. It is an intermediate station on the Guangzhou–Zhaoqing intercity railway. It opened with the line on 30 March 2016. The station has two side platforms.

Zhaoqing
Zhaoqing (Chinese: 肇庆), alternately romanized as Shiuhing, is a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,113,594, with 1,553,109 living in the built-up (or metro) area made of Duanzhou, Dinghu and Gaoyao. The prefectural seat—except the Seven Star Crags—is fairly flat, but thickly forested mountains lie just outside its limits. Numerous rice paddies and aquaculture ponds are found on the outskirts of the city. Sihui and the southern districts of the prefecture are considered part of the Pearl River Delta.

Formerly one of the most important cities in southern China, Zhaoqing lost its importance during the Qing dynasty and is now primarily known for tourism and as a provincial "college town". Residents from Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and the other cities of the Pearl River Delta often visit it for weekend excursions. It is also a growing manufacturing center.
Kirby Tilt 'n' Tumble
Kirby Tilt 'n' Tumble is an action puzzle video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Color handheld video game console. It was released in Japan on August 23, 2000 and in North America on April 9, 2001. Due to the cartridge having a built-in accelerometer, it has a unique shape, as well as a unique transparent pink color in reference to Kirby. The game received its first official re-release on the Nintendo Classics service on June 5, 2023.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Ladywell Leisure Centre
Ladywell Leisure Centre was a leisure centre located in Lewisham, London. The leisure centre was owned by London Borough of Lewisham and managed on their behalf by Lifestyle Fusion. The building was demolished in 2014, as a result of the new Glass Mill Leisure Centre being opened.

The building featured as the main character's workplace in Sean Lock's sitcom 15 Storeys High.

London Borough of Lewisham
Lewisham (/ˈluːɪʃəm/ ⓘ LOO-ish-əm) is a London borough in south-east London, England. It forms part of Inner London. The principal settlement of the borough is Lewisham. The local authority is Lewisham London Borough Council, based in Catford. The Prime Meridian passes through Lewisham. Blackheath, Goldsmiths, University of London and Millwall F.C. are located within the borough.
Muzaffarnagar jaggery
The Muzaffarnagar jaggery is a variety of jaggery (non-centrifugal cane sugar) made from fresh sugarcane juice in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an agri-product manufactured from sugarcane which is a common and widely cultivated crop majorily in the districts of Muzaffarnagar and also in Bijnor, Shamli, Baghpat, Meerut and Shajahanpur. Muzaffarnagar hosts India's largest jaggery market, accounting for 20% of the country's total jaggery production. The city's jaggery is considered lucky by many and is a significant contributor to India's traditional sweetener production.

Under its Geographical Indication tag, it is referred to as "Muzaffarnagar Gur (Jaggery)".

Shahjahanpur district
Shahjahanpur district is a district of Uttar Pradesh India. It is a part of Bareilly division. It was established in 1813 by the British Government. Previously it was a part of district Bareilly. Geographically the main town is Shahjahanpur, which is its headquarters. Its five tehsils are: Powayan, Kalan, Tilhar, Jalalabad and Sadar.
RK Izviđač
RK Izviđač (Croatian: Rukometni klub Izviđač, English: Handball Club Izviđač) is a team handball club from Ljubuški, Bosnia and Herzegovina, RK Izviđač competes in the Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with ten titles won it is the most successful team in the country.

Handball Cup of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Handball Cup of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the national handball cup of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is organized for men and women and run by the Handball Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Before 2001/2002 season, there were three separated cup competitions, organized on ethnical principles. In 1998 and 1999 joint play-off was organized, and in 2000 three-teams-league, as the clubs from Republika Srpska took part for the first time. It is a regular cup competition since 2001/2002 season.
Antal Spányi
Antal Spányi (born 13 November 1950) is a Hungarian prelate of the Catholic Church, being the bishop of Székesfehérvár since 2004. He was previously the auxiliary bishop of Esztergom–Budapest and titular bishop of Tharros.

He is also the president of Caritas Hungary.

Caritas Hungary
Caritas Hungary (Hungarian: Katolikus Karitász; Latin: Caritas Hungarica) is a not-for-profit social welfare organisation in Hungary. It is a service of the Catholic Church in Hungary.

Caritas Hungary is a member of both the worldwide Caritas Internationalis confederation and its regional network Caritas Europa.
Gabriele Rossmanith
Gabriele Rossmanith (born in 1956 in Stuttgart) is a German operatic soprano. She is particularly associated with the Hamburg State Opera where she first sang in 1988. Appearances there include the title role in Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande.

Hamburg State Opera
The Hamburg State Opera (in German: Staatsoper Hamburg) is a German opera company based in Hamburg. Its theatre is near the square of Gänsemarkt. Since the 2025/26 season, the Intendant of the company is Tobias Kratzer, and the Generalmusikdirektor is Omer Meir Wellber.
Thomas Whitney (computing)
Whitney graduated from Aurelia High School in Aurelia, Iowa in 1957, and completed BS (1961), MS (1962) and PhD (1964) degrees in electrical engineering at Iowa State University, where he was a member of Acacia fraternity.

He joined Hewlett-Packard in 1967, where he helped develop the HP-35, the first handheld electronic scientific calculator, and was a lecturer at Santa Clara University.

He later joined Apple as employee 15, and in 1978 became executive vice president of engineering, working directly with Steve Jobs and Jef Raskin on the Macintosh project.

Whitney died in 1986 at age 47.

Acacia Fraternity
Acacia Fraternity is a social fraternity founded in 1904 at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The fraternity has 24 active chapters and 3 associate chapters throughout Canada and the United States. The fraternity was founded by undergraduate Freemasons and was originally open only to men who had taken the Masonic obligations, but in 1933 the International Conclave elected to dispense with the Masonic prerequisite. In 1988, at the 45th Conclave, the fraternity elected to use "International" rather than "National" when referring to the fraternity.
Samuel T. Lawrence
Samuel Tyler Lawrence (November 21, 1786 – December 18, 1847) was resident of New York in the 1820s who was an early associate of Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter-day Saint movement. Lawrence moved from New Jersey to Palmyra, New York, with sister Fanny and her husband Abner Cole. Lawrence and Smith reportedly engaged in "money-digging" (or treasure hunting).

Later Lawrence moved to Oswego, New York, where he died.

Palmyra, New York
Palmyra (/ˌpælˈmaɪrə/) is a town in southwestern Wayne County, New York, United States.  The population was 7,975 at the 2010 census. The town is named after the ancient city Palmyra in Syria.

The town contains a village also named Palmyra. The town is about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Rochester, New York.
Baron Farrer
Baron Farrer, of Abinger in the County of Surrey, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 22 June 1893 for the statistician and civil servant Sir Thomas Farrer, 1st Baronet.  He had already been created a baronet on 22 October 1883. The titles became extinct on the death of the fifth Baron on 16 December 1964.

Abinger
Abinger is a large, well-wooded and mostly rural civil parish that lies between the settlements of Dorking, Shere and Ewhurst in the district of Mole Valley, Surrey, England.

It adjoins Wotton Common on the same side of Leith Hill and includes Abinger Hammer, Sutton Abinger, Abinger Common, Forest Green, Walliswood, Oakwood Hill and some outskirts of Holmbury St Mary. More than half of the parish lies on the Greensand Ridge, while the remainder is divided between the Vale of Holmesdale and the North Downs.
Sierra Leone House of Parliament
Sierra Leone House of Parliament  is the meeting place of the Parliament of Sierra Leone, the legislative body of the Republic of Sierra Leone. It is located at Tower Hill in central Freetown, within the central business district in downtown Freetown. At the entrance of the House of Parliament is located the historic Martello tower.

The State House, the official workplace of the president of Sierra Leone, and the Sierra Leone Ministry of Defence and National Security building are located near the House of Parliament.

Martello tower
A Martello tower is a type of small defensive fort that was built across the British Empire during the 19th century, from the time of the French Revolutionary Wars onwards. Most were for coastal defense.

A Martello tower stands up to 40 feet (12 m) high, with two floors and a typical garrison of one officer and 15–25 men. The round structure and thick solid masonry walls made it resistant to cannon fire, while its height made it an ideal platform for a single heavy artillery piece, mounted on the flat roof and able to traverse over a complete 360 degrees. A few towers had moats or other batteries and works attached for extra defence.

The Martello tower was used during the first half of the 19th century, but became obsolete with the introduction of powerful rifled artillery. Many have survived to the present day, often preserved as historic monuments.
Knees Up Mother Brown
"Knees Up Mother Brown" is a pub song, believed to date back as early as the 1800s, but first published in 1938, and with origins in the East End of London.

With its origins in public houses of East London, it was associated with Cockney culture. At the end of the First World War, it is documented to have been sung widely in London on 11 November 1918 (Armistice Night). The 1938 version was attributed to Bert Lee, Harris Weston and I. Taylor. During the Second World War it was performed frequently by Elsie and Doris Waters. It was also later performed on television by Noel Harrison and Petula Clark.

The expression "knees-up" means a "noisy party usually with dancing" - often accompanied by drinking.

Noel Harrison
Noel John Christopher Harrison (29 January 1934 – 19 October 2013) was an English actor and singer. In the 1950s, he was a member of the British Olympic skiing team. In 1968, Harrison had a top-10 hit in the UK Singles Chart with "The Windmills of Your Mind". He was the son of actor Rex Harrison.
Joan Adam
Joan Adam (born April 4, 1944) is an American politician, attorney and historic preservation advocate who served five terms as a member of the Kansas House of Representatives as the representative from the 48th district in Atchison, Kansas. A Democrat, she was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982 and served until the end of her fifth term in 1992; in January 1993, she was succeeded by Jerry Henry.

Representative Adam authored the Kansas Heritage Trust Fund during her tenure in the Kansas Legislature. A resident of Kansas City, Kansas, she is a board member of Historic Kansas City and a former president of Historic Kansas City.

Kansas Legislature
The Kansas Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Kansas. It is a bicameral assembly, composed of the lower Kansas House of Representatives, with 125 state representatives, and the upper Kansas Senate, with 40 state senators. Representatives are elected for two-year terms, senators for four-year terms.

Prior to statehood, separate pro-slavery and anti-slavery territorial legislatures emerged, drafting four separate constitutions, until one was finally ratified and Kansas became a state in 1861. Republicans hold a long-standing supermajority in both houses of the state legislature, despite a short-lived dominance by the Populist Party.

Composed of 165 state lawmakers, the state legislature meets at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka once a year in regular session. Additional special sessions can be called by the governor.
Virginia State Route 116
State Route 116 (SR 116) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 20.66 miles (33.25 km) from SR 122 at Burnt Chimney north to SR 101 in Roanoke.  SR 116 connects northwestern Franklin County with the southeastern part of Roanoke.  The state highway forms a major street through Downtown Roanoke and the city's north side.

Downtown Roanoke
Downtown is the central business district of Roanoke, Virginia, United States. Developed after the completion of the Shenandoah Valley Railroad in 1882, the Downtown core forms the geographic center of the city and the center of business for the Roanoke Valley and Southwest Virginia, the Roanoke City Market, the Roanoke Downtown Historic District and many other attractions and amenities.