hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steven Nolt
Steven M. Nolt (born 1968) is an American scholar. He serves as Senior Scholar and Professor of History and Anabaptist Studies at the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies at Elizabethtown College. He is the author of sixteen books, which deal with Mennonite, Amish, and broader Pennsylvania German history and culture. Nolt is a frequent source for journalists and other researching Anabaptist groups. He was often quoted in the aftermath of the 2006 West Nickel Mines School shooting at Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania.

West Nickel Mines School shooting
On October 2, 2006, a shooting occurred at the West Nickel Mines School, an Amish one-room schoolhouse in the Old Order Amish community of Nickel Mines, a village in Bart Township, Pennsylvania. Gunman Charles Carl Roberts IV took hostages and shot ten girls (aged 6–13), killing six (five in the initial incident, and a sixth who succumbed to her injuries in 2024), before dying by suicide in the schoolhouse.
The emphasis on forgiveness and reconciliation in the Amish community's response was widely discussed by the national media. The West Nickel Mines School was later demolished, and a new one-room schoolhouse, the New Hope School, was built at another location. It is the worst school shooting in Pennsylvania history.

39°57′37″N 76°05′04″W﻿ / ﻿39.96021°N 76.084393°W﻿ / 39.96021; -76.084393
Hulchul (1971 film)
Hulchul (transl. Stir) is a 1971 Indian Hindi-language comedy thriller film directed by O. P. Ralhan with himself playing lead role, with Prem Chopra, Helen and Madan Puri among others. Both Zeenat Aman and Kabir Bedi made their acting debuts with the film. This film was remake of Anubavam Pudhumai.

Comedy thriller
Comedy thrillers are a hybrid genre that draw subject matter generally from comedy and thrillers, combining suspense with sustained humor. It incorporates the core elements of thriller storytelling—high stakes, danger, escalating tension, and the possibility of death—while maintaining a comic tone throughout, a situation can be both genuinely threatening and funny at the same time. The characters are in real jeopardy, yet the film signals that the outcome will remain within the bounds of entertainment rather than genuine horror.

Examples range from verbal wit and farce to dark or absurd humor. The comedy-thriller differs from straight comedies with occasional danger or thrillers with brief comic relief because neither element dominates; both remain active throughout the story.
The House of Silence
The House of Silence is a lost 1918 American silent drama film directed by Donald Crisp and written by Elwyn Alfred Barron and Margaret Turnbull. The film stars Wallace Reid, Ann Little, Adele Farrington, Winter Hall, Ernest Joy, and Henry A. Barrows. The film was released on April 8, 1918, by Paramount Pictures.

Donald Crisp
Donald William Crisp (27 July 1882 – 25 May 1974) was an English film actor as well as an early producer, director and screenwriter. His career lasted from the early silent film era into the 1960s. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1942 for his performance in How Green Was My Valley.
Arphia behrensi
Arphia behrensi, the California sulphur-winged grasshopper, is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is found in California along the Sierra Nevada, the San Francisco Bay Area, and north of the Bay Area.

It is 22-40 mm long and has yellow hind wings.

Acrididae
Acrididae are the predominant family of grasshoppers, comprising some 10,000 of the 11,000 species of the entire suborder Caelifera. The Acrididae are best known because all locusts (swarming grasshoppers) are of the Acrididae. The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes classified as a distinct family Oedipodidae in the superfamily Acridoidea. Acrididae grasshoppers are characterized by relatively short and stout antennae (so they may be called "short-horned grasshoppers"), and tympana on the side of the first abdominal segment.
Nine Lessons and Carols for Godless People
Nine Lessons and Carols for Godless People is a Christmas stage show celebrating a view of science. It was first run in 2008 at the Bloomsbury Theatre and re-run as The Return of Nine Lessons and Carols for Godless People in 2009, then televised on BBC Four as Nerdstock: 9 Lessons and Carols for Godless People.

It was initially organised by the Rationalist Association and the journal New Humanist. It is now produced by Trunkman Productions and is part of The Cosmic Shambles Network and in 2018 changed titles to become Nine Lessons and Carols for Curious People.

It was described by the host, Robin Ince: "If the Royal Variety Show was put in a matter transportation machine with the Royal Institution Christmas lectures, this is what you'd get".

Darren Hayman
Darren Hayman (born 1 December 1970) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known as the writer, lead singer, and guitarist in Hefner. Since Hefner disbanded in 2002, Hayman has embarked on a prolific solo career releasing twelve albums under his own name and appearing on albums by Papernut Cambridge, Rotifer and The Great Electric. He has regularly worked with The Wave Pictures, producing an album for them, directing three of their music videos and briefly employing them as his backing band. In January 2011 Hayman recorded and released a song every day in the month of January, working with many collaborators. Hayman also paints and has exhibited his work at exhibitions about animals in space and racing dogs.
Octagon Barn, Richland Township
The Octagon Barn, Richland Township is a historic building located near Jamaica in Guthrie County, Iowa, United States. Built in 1881, this is the oldest known octagon-shaped barn extant in Iowa. It measures 70 feet (21 m) in diameter. The modified hip roof, heavy timber construction, rectangular plan, and general purpose use mark this as a Coffin type. It was named for Lorenzo S. Coffin who is thought to have built the first round barn in the state. This barn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The metal band Slipknot filmed the music video for Psychosocial here.

Guthrie County, Iowa
Guthrie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,623. The county seat is Guthrie Center. The county was formed on January 15, 1851, and named after Captain Edwin B. Guthrie, who died in the Mexican–American War. Guthrie County is one of the six counties that make up the Des Moines metropolitan area.
Where the Light Goes
Where the Light Goes is the fifth studio album by American rock band Matchbox Twenty, released on May 26, 2023, by Atlantic Records. On March 17, 2023, the band released the first single from the album, "Wild Dogs (Running in a Slow Dream)". The album debuted at number 53 on the US Billboard 200 with 13,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.

Where the Light Goes is the band's first album in over a decade since North in 2012. This is also the first album of new material by the band not to be produced by longtime producer Matt Serletic, and also the first to not have any of it singles chart on the Mainstream Top 40 chart and last album with Atlantic Records. The album was produced by Gregg Wattenberg with band members Paul Doucette and Kyle Cook.

Album-equivalent unit
The album-equivalent unit, or album equivalent, often shortened to just unit, is a sales metric in the music industry that defines the number of songs streamed and songs downloaded equal to one album sale. The album-equivalent unit was introduced in the mid-2010s as an answer to the drop of album sales in the 21st century. Album sales more than halved from 1999 to 2009, declining from a $14.6 to $6.3 billion industry, partly due to cheap digitally downloaded singles. For instance, the only albums that went platinum in the United States in 2014 were the Frozen soundtrack and Taylor Swift's 1989, whereas several albums had gone platinum in 2013.

The use of album-equivalent units transformed the music charts from a ranking of best-selling albums into a ranking of most popular albums. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) have used album-equivalent unit to measure their Global Recording Artist of the Year since 2013.
Maaqwi
Maaqwi is an extinct genus of large marine diving bird from the Late Cretaceous (Northumberland Formation, latest Campanian) of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada. The genus name Maaqwi comes from the Coast Salish "ma'aqwi" meaning "water bird," and the specific epithet cascadensis reflects the fossil's origin from the Cascadia region of Western North America. The genus is known from a single specimen, RBCM.EH2008.011.01120. It consists of a coracoid, humerus, ulna, and radius in a nodule of mudstone. The specimen is housed in the Royal British Columbia Museum. Maaqwi had an estimated body mass of 1.5 kg (3.3 lb). It was described as a vegaviid, although the German paleontologist Gerald Mayr suggested that the coracoid more closely resembles that of the Procellariiformes. While some studies continue to treat it as a vegaviid, others note that the phylogenetic analyses by McLachlan, Kaiser and Longrich (2017) are more appropriate to analyze stem birds than neornithines.

Gerald Mayr
Gerald Mayr is a German palaeontologist who is Curator of Ornithology at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse. He has published extensively on fossil birds, especially the Paleogene avifauna of Europe. He is an expert on the Eocene fauna of the Messel pit.

In 2022, alongside Thomas Lechner and Madelaine Böhme, Mayr described Allgoviachen tortonica, a new genus and species of anatid bird from the Hammerschmiede clay pits of Bavaria, Germany.

Below is a list of taxa that Mayr has contributed to naming:
Jim Quigley
Jim Quigley (1919 – 4 October 2005) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played for his local club Dundalk Young Irelands, the Louth county team and Leinster. He later served as manager of his county and was in charge when Louth defeated Cork in the final of the 1957 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship.

Quigley was a member of the Louth panel that won the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship in 1936. After graduating to senior level he went on to win the Leinster Senior Football Championship twice with Louth, captaining the team in 1948.

In 1959 he trained Dundalk side Clan na Gael to a Louth Senior Football Championship title.

He was chosen at centre half-forward on the Louth team of the Millennium in February 2000.

Quigley died in October 2005 after a long illness.

1957 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1957 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 71st staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition.

Cork ended Galway's spell an All Ireland champions by just a point in the All Ireland semi-final.

Louth won their third, and so-far last, title.
ExploreLearning
ExploreLearning is a Charlottesville, Virginia-based education technology company that operates a large library of interactive online simulations for mathematics and science education in grades 3–12 called 'Gizmos'. ExploreLearning also makes Reflex, an online, game-based system for math fact memorization. ExploreLearning is a business unit of Cambium Learning Group.

Gamification
Gamification is the process of integrating game design elements and principles into non-game contexts. The goal is to increase user engagement and motivation through the use of game elements such as points, badges, leaderboards, and more. It is a component of system design. Gamification has been used to improve organizational productivity, flow, learning, crowdsourcing, knowledge retention, employee recruitment and evaluation, usability, usefulness of systems, physical exercise, tailored interactions and icebreaker activities in dating apps, traffic violations, voter apathy, public attitudes about alternative energy, and more.
Paul McGrath (Gaelic footballer)
Paul McGrath (born 23 May 1966) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer. In a career that spanned two decades he played at club level with Bishopstown and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team.

1990 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1990 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 104th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 6 May 1990 and ended on 16 September 1990.

Was the final year of common Cork vs Kerry Munster finals stretch back to 1947 expect 4.

Cork entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 16 September 1990, Cork won the championship following an 0–11 to 0–9 defeat of Meath in the All-Ireland final. This was their sixth All-Ireland title and their second in succession.

Meath's Brian Stafford was the championship's top scorer with 1–24. Cork's Shea Fahy was the choice for Texaco Footballer of the Year.
Nkonkobe Local Municipality
Nkonkobe Local Municipality was an administrative area in the Amatole District of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. The municipality is named after the Winterberg mountain range, Nkonkobe in isiXhosa. The seat, as well as most offices, of the Municipality are in Fort Beaufort, but the Council's chambers in Alice are generally used for council meetings, being better equipped. Other towns served by the municipality are Seymour, Balfour, Hogsback and Middledrift. After municipal elections on 3 August 2016 it was merged into the larger Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality.

Winterberg (Eastern Cape)
The Great Winterberg is an extensive east–west mountain range lying immediately north of the small towns of Bedford, Adelaide and Fort Beaufort in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Elevation on average is about 1800 metres above sea-level. The Great Winterberg Peak north of Adelaide rises to 2371 metres, high enough to be occasionally covered in snow. The underlying geology consists of shales and sandstones of the Beaufort Series of the Karoo System, frequently with dolerite intrusions. Rainfall on the southern slopes (facing the sea) is fairly high. A notable pass over the range is the Katberg Pass built by Andrew Geddes Bain in 1860–64.
William of Montreuil
William of Montreuil (French: Guillaume de Montreuil) († aft. 1068), was an Italo-Norman freebooter of the mid-eleventh century who was briefly Duke of Gaeta. He was described by Amatus of Monte Cassino as "an exceptional knight, small in stature, who was very robust, strong, valiant" and by Orderic Vitalis as 'the good Norman' (French: le bon Normand).

Orderic Vitalis
Orderic Vitalis (Latin: Ordericus Vitalis; 16 February 1075 – c. 1142) was an English chronicler and Benedictine monk who wrote one of the great contemporary chronicles of 11th- and 12th-century Normandy and Anglo-Norman England. Working out of the Abbey of Saint-Evroul, he is credited with writing the Historia Ecclesiastica, a work detailing the history of Europe and the Mediterranean from the birth of Jesus Christ into his own age. The son of a cleric, he was born into a noble family, claiming both English and Norman heritage. While he is known primarily for the Historia Ecclesiastica, he held various positions within the abbey including script master, librarian, and cantor. A prolific writer, he addressed various topics in his writings, both religious and secular. Modern historians view him as a reliable source.
Herm (sculpture)
A herma (Ancient Greek: ἑρμῆς, plural ἑρμαῖ hermai), commonly herm in English, is a sculpture with a head and perhaps a torso above a plain, usually squared lower section, on which male genitals may also be carved at the appropriate height. Hermae were so called either because the head of Hermes was most common or from their etymological connection with the Greek word ἕρματα (hérmata, meaning 'blocks of stone'), which originally had no reference to Hermes at all. The form originated in ancient Greece, and was adopted by the Romans (called mercuriae), and revived at the Renaissance in the form of term figures and atlantes.

Male reproductive system
The male reproductive system consists of a number of sex organs that play a role in the process of human reproduction. These organs are located on the outside of the body, and within the pelvis.

The main male sex organs are the penis and the scrotum, which contains the testicles that produce semen and sperm, which, as part of sexual intercourse, fertilize an ovum in the female's body; the fertilized ovum (zygote) develops into a fetus, which is later born as an infant. The corresponding system in females is the female reproductive system.
Paraguay national futsal team
The Paraguay national futsal team represents Paraguay during international futsal competitions and is controlled by a branch of the Paraguayan Football Association (Spanish: Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol). Its biggest accomplishment is becoming champions of the AMF Futsal World Cup on four occasions (1988, 2003, 2007, 2023).

2010 Grand Prix de Futsal
The 2010 Grand Prix de Futsal was the sixth edition of the international futsal competition of the same kind as the FIFA Futsal World Cup but with invited nations and held annually in Brazil. It was first held in 2005.

This was the first and so far the only edition of the Grand Prix de Futsal not won by Brazil.
Guestwick railway station
Guestwick railway station is a former station in Norfolk, England. It was constructed by the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway in 1882 on the line between Melton Constable and Norwich City. It was closed in 1959. It served the village of Guestwick. It is on the path of Marriott's Way which follows the route of the old line.

Guestwick
Guestwick is a village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The civil parish also includes the hamlet of Guestwick Green.

Guestwick is located 10.2 miles (16.4 km) west of Aylsham and18.7 miles (30.1 km) north-west of Norwich.
St. Gummarus
St. Gummarus could be

Gummarus, the patron saint of lumberjacks, forest workers, foresters, woodcutters and Lier, Belgium

St. Gummarus (beer) - the Belgian beer also called Sint-Gummarus brewed by the microbrewery "Sint Jozef"

St. Gummarus Church, the gothic architecture structure in Lier

Gummarus
Saint Gummarus of Lier (also known as Gommaire, Gommer or Gummery) is a Belgian saint. He was the son of the Lord of Emblem (near Lier, Belgium). An official in the court of his relative Pepin the Younger or Pepin of Herstal according to some other sources, after a number of years in military service he retired to live the life of a hermit. The town of Lier grew up around his hermitage.
Hatikvah
Hatikvah (Hebrew: הַתִּקְוָה [hatikˈva]; lit. 'The Hope') is the national anthem of the State of Israel. Part of 19th-century Jewish poetry, the theme of the Romantic composition reflects the 2,000-year-old desire of the Jewish people to return to the Land of Israel in order to reclaim it as a free and sovereign nation-state. The piece's lyrics are adapted from a work by Naftali Herz Imber, a Jewish poet from Złoczów, Austrian Galicia. Imber wrote the first version of the poem in 1877, when he was hosted by a Jewish scholar in Iași.

Jewish literature
Jewish literature includes works written by Jews on Jewish themes, literary works written in Jewish languages on various themes, and literary works in any language written by Jewish writers. Ancient Jewish literature includes Biblical literature and rabbinic literature. Medieval Jewish literature includes not only rabbinic literature but also ethical literature, philosophical literature, mystical literature, various other forms of prose including history and fiction, and various forms of poetry of both religious and secular varieties. The production of Jewish literature has flowered with the modern emergence of secular Jewish culture. Modern Jewish literature has included Yiddish literature, Judeo-Tat literature, Ladino literature, Hebrew literature (especially Israeli literature), and Jewish American literature.
1958 Minnesota Secretary of State election
The 1958 Minnesota Secretary of State election was held on November 4, 1958, in order to elect the Secretary of State of Minnesota. Democratic–Farmer–Labor nominee and incumbent Secretary of State Joseph L. Donovan defeated Republican nominee L. C. Andersen.

Minnesota Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Twenty-two individuals have held the office of secretary of state since statehood. The incumbent is Steve Simon, a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party.
Josef Murr
Josef Murr (6 June 1864, Brixen – 4 January 1932, Innsbruck) was an Austrian classical philologist and botanist.

In 1887 he received his PhD from the University of Innsbruck, afterwards working as a high school instructor in several communities, that included Trient (1896–1906) and Feldkirch (1906–1919). As a botanist, he was a taxonomic authority of numerous plants within the genera Chenopodium and Hieracium.

University of Innsbruck
The University of Innsbruck (German: Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Latin: Universitas Leopoldino Franciscea) is a public research university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, founded on October 15, 1669.

It is the largest education facility in the Austrian Bundesland of Tirol, and the third largest in Austria behind the University of Vienna and the University of Graz. Significant contributions have been made in many branches, most of all in the physics department.
12 Gatsu no Kangaroo
"12 Gatsu no Kangaroo" (12月のカンガルー, December's Kangaroo) is the 16th single by Japanese idol girl group SKE48. It was released on December 10, 2014. It debuted in number one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and, as of December 22, 2014 (issue date), has sold 386,495 copies. It also reached number two on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

Due to restrictions from Avex Trax, only a short version is available on SKE48 Official Channel. Full version MV is included only in limited editions, and wasn't released on YouTube.

SKE48
SKE48 (S.K.E. Forty-eight) is a Japanese idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto. SKE48 is named after the Sakae district in Nagoya of Aichi Prefecture, where the group is based. The group performs at SKE48 Theater on 2F of Sunshine Sakae, a shopping center in Sakae, Nagoya. Avex Group is its current official label. The group has sold nearly 11 million CDs in Japan.
2024 United Kingdom general election in Wales
The 2024 general election was held on Thursday, 4 July 2024. Thirty-two seats were up for election in Wales as the general election occurred after the recently completed boundary review took effect. The Labour Party remained the largest party in Wales, gaining six seats for a total of 27. Both Plaid Cymru and the Liberal Democrats made gains, taking them to four seats and one seat respectively. The Conservatives lost all thirteen seats they had held previously, leaving the party without Westminster representation from Wales for the first time since 2005.

Clwyd North
Clwyd North (Welsh: Gogledd Clwyd) is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 general election, following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Gill German of the Labour Party.