hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sudhanshu Chaturvedi
Sudhanshu Chaturvedi is a writer, translator and academic from Uttar Pradesh, India. He has authored or translated over 120 books in Malayalam, Hindi, Sanskrit and English. Even though his mother tongue is Hindi, he has written most of his books in Malayalam.

He is a former member of the Official Language Committee of the Ministries of Defense, Railways, Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation and is currently the Director of the National Literary Academy.

He has received many awards including Sahitya Akademi Award for translation (1995, for Rassi, translation of Malayalam novel Kayar), Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Scientific Literature, Indian Council for Child Education Award for children's literature, Rangeya Raghav Paryatan Puraskar and Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan Souhard Samman.

Nilayilekkozhukiya ganga is the biography of Sudhanshu Chaturvedi written by E. Jayachandran and published by Kerala Bhasha Institute.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
BMW iX3
The BMW iX3 (NA5) is a battery electric compact luxury crossover SUV manufactured by BMW, succeeding the X3-based G08. Unlike its predecessor, it is built on the Neue Klasse platform, no longer sharing its platform with its counterpart (G45). A long-wheelbase version, codenamed NA6, is slated to release in the Chinese market in 2026. The car is the first to use this new design language of BMW and was first shown in 2024 at the Paris Auto Show.

Compact crossover SUV
Compact crossover SUV is an automobile classification used mainly in North America to describe a segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, between subcompact crossover SUV and mid-size crossover SUV.

By the late 2010s, the segment had emerged as the most popular automobile segment in several regions. For example, nearly one in every four cars sold in the United States in 2019 was a compact crossover, at about 24.2 percent.

The best-selling vehicle in the segment in 2020 was the Toyota RAV4, with 995,762 units sold globally. It was also the second best-selling automobile in the world after the Toyota Corolla in 2021.
Æschere
In the Old English epic Beowulf, Æschere is Hrothgar's most trusted advisor who is killed by Grendel's mother in her attack on Heorot after her son's death. His name, mentioned four times in the poem, is composed of the Old English words æsc, meaning 'ash' (and thus 'spear'), and here, meaning 'army'. King Hrothgar describes Æschere as 'min runwita ond min rædbora', which implies that he knows mysteries or enigmas and also has a duty to explain those mysteries aloud to a community. But by killing and decapitating Æschere, Grendel's mother highlights an anxiety within the poem about things that defy human interpretation. Beowulf and his Geatish warriors find Æschere's severed head at the entrance to Grendel's mother's lair.

Geats
The Geats (/ɡiːts, ˈɡeɪəts, jæts/ GHEETS, GAY-əts, YATS), sometimes called Goths, were a large North Germanic tribe who inhabited Götaland ("land of the Geats") in modern southern Sweden from antiquity until the Late Middle Ages. They are one of the progenitor groups of modern Swedes, along with the tribes of Swedes and Gutes. The name of the Geats also lives on in the Swedish provinces of Västergötland and Östergötland, the western and eastern lands of the Geats, and in many other toponyms.

The Swedish dialects spoken in the areas that used to be inhabited by Geats form a distinct group, Götamål.
Melbourne Chamber Orchestra
The Melbourne Chamber Orchestra (MCO) is a professional Australian classical music ensemble based in Melbourne, Victoria.

Each year MCO gives over 50 performances including seasons of orchestral chamber music and works for smaller ensembles in its home city and on tour within the state, it runs its own chamber music festival, participates in other festivals and events, and runs workshops and masterclasses.

Melbourne Recital Centre
Melbourne Recital Centre (MRC) is a venue and organisation for live music in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.  The organisation programs and presents more than 500 concerts and events a year across diverse range of musical genres including classical and chamber music, contemporary, pop, folk, rock, electronica, indie, jazz, cabaret and world music. Opened in 2009, the centre is Melbourne's second largest auditorium for classical music.
Moran process
A Moran process or Moran model is a simple stochastic process used in biology to describe finite populations. The process is named after Patrick Moran, who first proposed the model in 1958. It can be used to model variety-increasing processes such as mutation as well as variety-reducing effects such as genetic drift and natural selection. The process can describe the probabilistic dynamics in a finite population of constant size N in which two alleles A and B are competing for dominance. The two alleles are considered to be true replicators (i.e. entities that make copies of themselves).

In each time step a random individual (which is of either type A or B) is chosen for reproduction and a random individual is chosen for death; thus ensuring that the population size remains constant. To model selection, one type has to have a higher fitness and is thus more likely to be chosen for reproduction.
The same individual can be chosen for death and for reproduction in the same step.

Tridiagonal matrix
In linear algebra, a tridiagonal matrix is a band matrix that has nonzero elements only on the main diagonal, the subdiagonal/lower diagonal (the first diagonal below this), and the supradiagonal/upper diagonal (the first diagonal above the main diagonal). For example, the following matrix is tridiagonal:

The determinant of a tridiagonal matrix is given by the continuant of its elements.

An orthogonal transformation of a symmetric (or Hermitian) matrix to tridiagonal form can be done with the Lanczos algorithm.
Jaroslav Katriňák
Jaroslav Katriňák (born 25 April 1966 in Martin) is a Slovak endurance motorcycle racer. Among his greatest achievements is achieving first overall in the Enduro World Championship in 1991, in the category of + 350 cc 4T and 9th overall place at 2007 Dakar Rally in the motorcycles classification. In the summer of 2008 he won the Rally Transorientale St. Petersburg - Beijing. In December 2008, he underwent a successful liver transplant.
After the transplant he began to ride on ATVs  and quads as part of the Can-Am racing team. His first major result was the winning of HUNT-THE-WOLF-2010, one of the hardest and most technical ATV race in Europe.

2007 Dakar Rally
The 2007 Dakar Rally was the 29th running of the event. It started in Lisbon, Portugal on 6 January and ran through Europe and Africa until 21 January 2007. It was the last time the event would take place in Africa, as the 2008 event (billed as the Central Europe Rally) since the ASO relocated the race to an all-Eastern Europe route in April because of terrorist attacks, and moved to South America from 2009.
Periclimenes exederens
Periclimenes exederens is a species of saltwater shrimp in the family, Palaemonidae, and was first described in 1969 by Alexander James Bruce.

The holotype was collected in the South China Sea, at a depth of 47-48 fathoms on 21 February 1965.

Caridea
The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp (from Ancient Greek καρίς, καρίδος (karís, karídos, "shrimp"), are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraorder contains all species of true shrimp. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Many other animals with similar names – such as the mud shrimp of Axiidea and the boxer shrimp of Stenopodidea – are not true shrimp, but many have evolved features similar to true shrimp.
Candy (Drippin' Like Water)
"Candy (Drippin' Like Water)" is the third single by Snoop Dogg from his 2006 album Tha Blue Carpet Treatment, produced by Rick Rock. It features E-40, MC Eiht, Goldie Loc and Tha Dogg Pound (Daz Dillinger and Kurupt), and Ladybug on the chorus. The song title and sample come from Ladybug Mecca's vocals on Digable Planets's "9th Wonder (Blackitolism)". "Candy" refers to a high gloss paint finish applied to automobiles. In the song it is also used as a euphemism for marijuana, cocaine and sex.

Daz Dillinger
Delmar Drew Arnaud (born May 25, 1973), known professionally as Daz Dillinger or simply Daz (formerly Dat Nigga Daz), is an American rapper and record producer. As a member of Death Row Records in the early 1990s, he is credited with the label in pioneering West Coast hip hop and gangsta rap for mainstream audiences. Alongside Kurupt, he formed the hip hop duo Tha Dogg Pound in 1992, with whom he has released eight albums.

Arnaud learned production from Dr. Dre; his first major production credit was on Dre's debut solo album, The Chronic (1992). He further produced for his cousin, Snoop Dogg's debut album Doggystyle (1993), as well as Tupac Shakur's All Eyez on Me (1996). His debut studio album, Retaliation, Revenge and Get Back (1998) peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200 and served as his only project with Death Row before founding his own label, Gangsta Advisory Records in 2000 and co-founding D.P.G. Recordz with Soopafly that same year.
Ede, Netherlands
Ede (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈeːdə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. As of 22 November 2024, municipality had  123,532 inhabitants, and as of 1 January 2023 the city had 79,435 inhabitants .

Amersfoort
Amersfoort (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈaːmərsfoːrt] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the province of Utrecht, Netherlands. As of 31 January 2023, the municipality had a population of 160,902, making it the second-largest of the province and fifteenth-largest of the country. Amersfoort is also one of the largest Dutch railway junctions with its three stations—Amersfoort Centraal, Schothorst and Vathorst—due to its location on two of the Netherlands' main east to west and north to south railway lines. The city was used during the 1928 Summer Olympics as a venue for the modern pentathlon events. Amersfoort marked its 750th anniversary as a city in 2009.
Just Got to Be
"Just Got to Be" is a single by American rock band The Black Keys from the album Magic Potion. It was released on August 6, 2007. It was featured on the soundtrack of the 2007 video game NHL 08, and used in the AT&T commercial "Stage Presence" for the Windows Phone.

Magic Potion (album)
Magic Potion is the fourth studio album by American rock duo the Black Keys. It was released in 2006 and was their first record released on Nonesuch Records, the band's current label. This album marks the first time they wrote and composed entirely original material, unlike on previous albums and EPs.
Choral Arts Society of Washington
The Choral Arts Society of Washington is a major choral organization based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1965 by Norman Scribner, it is regarded as one of the premier symphonic choruses in the United States. The Choral Arts Society of Washington consists of three vocal ensembles; the Choral Arts Chorus, the Choral Arts Chamber Singers, and the Choral Arts Youth Choir.

National Symphony Orchestra
The National Symphony Orchestra (NSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in Washington, D.C.  Founded in 1930 by cellist Hans Kindler, its principal performing venue is the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.

The NSO regularly participates in events of national and international importance, including performances for ceremonial state affairs, presidential inaugurations and official holiday celebrations, including the annual National Memorial Day Concert in May and A Capitol Fourth concerts on July 4.  The NSO presents a 52-week season of approximately 175 concerts each year. These include classical subscription series, pops concerts, and educational programs.
Howling VI: The Freaks
Howling VI: The Freaks is a 1991 British direct-to-video horror film directed by Hope Perello, from a screenplay by Kevin Rock, starring Brendan Hughes, Bruce Payne, Michele Matheson, Sean Gregory Sullivan, and Carol Lynley. The Freaks is the sixth entry in the series of eight standalone films with a loose continuity.

Like most of the other films, The Freaks is loosely based on The Howling series of novels by Gary Brandner. However, minor elements from the third novel, The Howling III: Echoes, are in the film, which includes the solitary drifter Ian Richards who is cursed as a sympathetic werewolf and later recruited by R.B. Harker, a supernatural being, as well as werewolves being used in carnival freak shows.

Gary Brandner
Gary Phil Brandner (May 31, 1930 – September 22, 2013) was an American horror fiction author best known for his werewolf themed trilogy of novels,  The Howling.  The first book of the series was adapted loosely as a motion picture in 1981.  Brandner's second and third Howling novels, published in 1979 and 1985 respectively, have no association with the film series, though he was involved with writing the screenplay for the second Howling film, Howling II: Your Sister Is a Werewolf.  The fourth film of the Howling series, Howling IV: The Original Nightmare, is actually the closest adaptation of Brandner's original novel, though this too varies to some degree.

Brandner's novel Walkers was adapted and filmed for television as From The Dead Of Night. He also wrote the screenplay for the 1988 horror film Cameron's Closet.
Goldstone (glass)
Goldstone is a type of glittering glass made in a low-oxygen reducing atmosphere. The finished product can take a smooth polish and be carved into beads, figurines, or other artifacts suitable for semiprecious stone, and in fact goldstone is often mistaken for or misrepresented as a natural material.

Reducing atmosphere
A reducing atmosphere is an atmosphere in which oxidation is prevented by the absence of oxygen and other oxidizing gases or vapours, and which may contain actively reductant gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen sulfide that would be readily oxidized to remove any free oxygen. Although Early Earth had a reducing prebiotic atmosphere prior to the Proterozoic eon, starting at about 2.5 billion years ago in the late Neoarchaean period, the Earth's atmosphere experienced a significant rise in oxygen and transitioned to an oxidizing atmosphere with a surplus of molecular oxygen (dioxygen, O2) as the primary oxidizing agent.
Metamulciber
Metamulciber is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Metamulciber albostriatus Breuning, 1940

Metamulciber geometricus Breuning,

Metamulciber ochreolineatus Breuning, 1947

Metamulciber ziczac Breuning, 1947

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
1927 Macdonald Brier
The 1927 Macdonald Brier Tankard, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held March 1–3 at the Granite Club in Toronto. This edition of the Brier would be the first, with it also being the first time it was hosted in Ontario, and the first time it was hosted in Toronto's Granite Club.

Skip Murray MacNeill, skip of the Nova Scotia champion Halifax rink would win the inaugural tournament, leading his rink of skips (his original team couldn't make the trip) to victory.

The event began with an opening banquet with Ontario Lieutenant Governor William Donald Ross and Ontario Premier Howard Ferguson welcoming players.

Howard Ferguson
George Howard Ferguson PC (June 18, 1870 – February 21, 1946) was the ninth premier of Ontario, from 1923 to 1930. He was a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1905 to 1930 who represented the eastern provincial riding of Grenville.
Hypervariable region
A hypervariable region (HVR) is a location within a sequence where polymorphisms frequently occur. It is used in two contexts:

In the case of nucleic acids, an HVR is where base pairs frequently change. This can be due to a change in the number of repeats (which is seen in eukaryotic nuclear DNA) or simply low selective pressure allowing a great number of substitutions and indels (as in the case of mitochondrial DNA D-loop and 16S rRNA).

In the case of antibodies, an HVR is where most of the differences among antibodies occur. This region is also called the complementarity-determining region.

Because there already is a separate article for the antibody region, this article will focus on the nucleic acid case.

Nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. It adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female—rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA.
Insane (Gröna Lund)
Insane is a steel fourth-dimension roller coaster at Gröna Lund in Stockholm, Sweden. It was built by Intamin and is an example of their  first generation ZacSpin model. It opened on 25 April 2009.

The ride's trains consist of a single car. This car contains two rows of four seats featuring wing seating, for a total of eight riders per cycle. While navigating the layout, the cars are free to spin and flip.

After the deadly incident on Inferno, a coaster of the same model at Terra Mítica in Benidorm, Spain on 7 July 2014, Gröna Lund ceased Insane's operations for several days before reopening it.

Intamin
Intamin Amusement Rides is a design and manufacturing company in Schaan, Liechtenstein, best-known for designing and constructing thrill rides and roller coasters at dozens of international theme parks, amusement parks and other establishments. The Intamin brand name is a syllabic abbreviation for "international amusement installations". The company has corporate offices across the world, including three in Europe, three in Asia, and two in the United States.
Skasen
Skasen is a lake in Grue Municipality and Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 13.41-square-kilometre (5.18 sq mi) lake lies in the Finnskogen forest area about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) to the southeast of the village of Kirkenær and about 28 kilometres (17 mi) northeast of the town of Kongsvinger.

Finnskogen
Finnskogen (lit. 'Forest of the Finns') is a forest area of Norway and Sweden situated in the counties of Innlandet and Värmland respectively, so named because of immigration of Finnish people in the 17th century, the so-called Forest Finns (Norwegian: Skogfinner).

The core area of Finnskogen lies in the eastern part of a small region known as Solør, on the border with Sweden. It consists of a forested belt of land, about 32 km (20 mi) wide going through the present-day municipalities of Våler, Åsnes, Grue, and Kongsvinger. It is adjacent to the Swedish region with similar Finnish immigration, named Finnskogarna.

There are also similar forested areas with people of Finnish descent in other parts of eastern Norway, including:

Søre Osen in Trysil Municipality

Finnemarka in Drammen Municipality

Nordmarka in Oslo Municipality

Finnefjerdingen in Ringerike Municipality

Finneskogen in Bærum Municipality

Vestre Finnemarka in Lier Municipality and Modum Municipality
Ber (name)
Ber is both a given name and a surname. It is sometimes paired with Dov (דב or דוב), a Hebrew male given name meaning "bear", from which the Yiddish name "Ber" (בער) was derived (cognate with "bear"). Notable people with the name include:

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Amanda Blumenherst
Amanda Blumenherst (born November 4, 1986) is an American professional golfer who plays on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She was a three-time National Player of the Year at Duke University and won the U.S. Women's Amateur title in 2008.  In 2013, she announced that she would take a leave from professional golf to spend more time with her husband, major league baseball player Nate Freiman.

Honda Sports Award
The Honda Sports Award is an annual award in the United States, given to the best collegiate female athlete in each of twelve sports. There are four nominees for each sport, and the twelve winners of the Honda Sports Award are automatically in the running for the Honda-Broderick Cup award, as the Collegiate Woman Athlete of the Year. Three other athletes are honored as the Division II Athlete of the Year, Division III Athlete of the Year, and Inspiration Award winner.
Aultman, Pennsylvania
Aultman is an unincorporated community in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Pennsylvania Route 286 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Indiana. Aultman had a post office until it closed on September 28, 2002; it still has its own ZIP code, 15713.

Pennsylvania Route 286
Pennsylvania Route 286 (PA 286) is a 69-mile-long (111 km), east–west state highway located in Allegheny, Westmoreland, Indiana, and Clearfield counties in Pennsylvania.

The western terminus is at U.S. Route 22 (US 22) in Monroeville. The eastern terminus is at US 219 near Burnside.
Politizdat
Politizdat is the primary party publishing house of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). It held a dominant position in the production and dissemination of ideological, Marxist-Leninist, and propagandistic literature throughout much of the Soviet era. In quantitative terms, Politizdat was consistently the most "mass" publisher in the Soviet Union, with print runs that far outstripped those of other publishing houses.

As the official organ for political literature, Politizdat published key party documents, collected works of leaders, theoretical treatises, and biographical materials designed to educate and mobilize the Soviet populace. Its output formed a cornerstone of state propaganda.

Treatise
A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subjects concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions. A monograph is a treatise on a specialized topic.