hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bytev
Bytev (Russian: Бытэв) is a rural locality (a selo) in Akshinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 334 (2021 census); 438 (2010 census); 482 (2002 census);  There are 5 streets in this selo.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Emporium (antiquity)
An emporium refers to a trading post, factory, or market of classical antiquity, derived from ἐμπόριον empórion, which becomes emporium in Latin. The plural is emporia in both languages, although in Greek the plural undergoes a semantic shift towards 'merchandise'. Emporium is a term that has also been used to describe the centres of heightened trade during the Early Middle Ages.

Emporia varied greatly in their level of activity. Some seem to have functioned much like the permanent European trading colonies in China, India and Japan in the early modern period or those of the mediaeval Italian maritime republics in the Levant. Others were probably annual events for a few days or weeks like the medieval Champagne fairs or modern trade fairs.

Emporium (early medieval)
An emporium (plural: emporia) was one of the trading settlements that emerged in Northwestern Europe in the 6th to the 7th centuries and persisted into the 9th century. Also known in English as wics, they were characterised by their peripheral locations, usually on the shore at the edge of a kingdom, their lack of infrastructure (containing no churches) and their short-lived nature. By 1000, the emporia had been replaced by the revival of European towns. Examples include Dorestad, Quentovic, Gipeswic, Hamwic, and Lundenwic (for which see Anglo-Saxon London) at the North Sea, as well as Haithabu, Jumne and Truso on the Baltic Sea. Their role in the economic history of Western Europe remains debated. Their most famous exponent has been the British archaeologist Richard Hodges.
Niyuguna Raja Maha Vihara
Niyuguna Raja Maha Vihara is an ancient Buddhist temple in Niyuguna, Sri Lanka. It is located on the wayside of Hingurana – Eragama road approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) from Hingurana. Presently, the temple has been formally recognised by the Government as an archaeological site in Sri Lanka through a Gazette notification published on 26 December 2014.

The temple complex was constructed on a rocky outcrop called Niyuguna Kanda. A large number of ancient monuments such as mounds of Stupas, rock inscriptions, ruined building structures, flight of steps, drip ledged caves, and Siripathul gal have been identified in the temple premises. The Brahmi inscriptions discovered from the site indicate that the temple has a history running back to the pre-Christian era.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Quorn Hunt
The Quorn Hunt, usually called the Quorn, established in 1696, is one of the world's oldest fox hunting packs and claims to be the United Kingdom's most famous hunt. Its country is mostly in Leicestershire, together with some smaller areas of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire.

After the abolition of traditional fox hunting implemented by the Hunting Act 2004, the Quorn continues to go out on four days of the week during the autumn and winter months, saying it operates within the constraints of the law.

Fox hunting
Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase and, if caught, the killing of a fox, normally a red fox, by trained foxhounds or other scent hounds. A group of unarmed followers, led by a "master of foxhounds" (or "master of hounds"), follow the hounds on foot or on horseback.

Fox hunting with hounds, as a formalised activity, originated in England in the sixteenth century, in a form very similar to that practised until February 2005, when a law banning the activity in England and Wales came into force. A ban on hunting in Scotland had been passed in 2002, but it continues to be within the law in Northern Ireland and several other jurisdictions, including Australia, Canada, France, Ireland and the United States.

The sport is controversial, particularly in the United Kingdom. Proponents of fox hunting view it as an important part of rural culture and useful for reasons of conservation and pest control, while opponents argue it is cruel and unnecessary.
Northern Society of the Decembrists
The Northern Secret Society (Russian: Северное тайное общество, romanized: Severnoye taynoye obshchestvo), also called the Northern Society of the Decembrists  or the Decembrists, was formed in St. Petersburg after the dissolution of the Union of Prosperity. Its members participated in the Decembrist revolt.

Kondraty Ryleyev
Kondraty Fyodorovich Ryleyev (Russian: Кондра́тий Фёдорович Рыле́ев, Russian pronunciation: [kɐnˈdratʲɪj ˈfʲɵdərəvʲɪtɕ rɨˈlʲejɪf], September 29 [O.S. September 18] 1795 – July 25 [O.S. July 13] 1826) was a Russian poet, publisher, and a leader of the Decembrist revolt, which attempted to overthrow the Russian monarchy in 1825.
Biedrzychowice, Opole Voivodeship
Biedrzychowice ([bjɛdʐɨxɔˈvit͡sɛ], additional name in German: Friedersdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głogówek, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, southern Poland. It is situated in the historical region of Prudnik Land in Upper Silesia.

As of 31 December 2021, the village's population numbered 714 inhabitants. A significant portion of them belongs to the German minority in Poland.

Gmina Głogówek
Gmina Głogówek (German: Gemeinde Oberglogau) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Czech border in Upper Silesia. Its seat is the town of Głogówek (Oberglogau), which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) east of Prudnik and 37 km (23 mi) south of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 170.06 square kilometres (65.7 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 13,258. Since 2009, in addition to the official Polish language, German has also been recognized as an additional secondary language.
Delta 4000
The Delta 4000 series was an American expendable launch system which was used to conduct two orbital launches in 1989 and 1990. It was a member of the Delta family of rockets. Although several variants were put forward, only the Delta 4925 was launched. The designations used a four digit numerical code to store information on the configuration of the rocket. It was built from a combination of spare parts left over from earlier Delta rockets, which were being retired, and parts from the Delta II 6000-series, which was just entering service.

Expendable launch system
An expendable launch system (or expendable launch vehicle/ELV) is a launch vehicle that can be launched only once, after which its components are destroyed during reentry or impact with Earth, or discarded in space. ELVs typically consist of several rocket stages that are discarded sequentially as their fuel is exhausted and the vehicle gains altitude and speed. As of 2024, fewer and fewer satellites and human spacecraft are launched on ELVs in favor of reusable launch vehicles. However, there are many instances where a ELV may still have a compelling use case over a reusable vehicle. ELVs are simpler in design than reusable launch systems and therefore may have a lower production cost. Furthermore, an ELV can use its entire fuel supply to accelerate its payload, offering greater payloads. ELVs are a proven technology in widespread use for many decades.
Kodikunnil Suresh
Kodikunnil Suresh (born 4 June 1962) is an Indian politician and Congress Working Committee Member (Special Invitee). He is the working-president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee (KPCC). He filed his nomination for Loksabha Speaker post as the candidate of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance and contested the 2024 Lok Sabha Speaker Election. He is the chief Whip of Congress Parliamentary Party in Loksabha. He was a former Union Minister of State for Labour and Employment. He is a member of the Eighteenth Lok Sabha representing Mavelikara in Kerala. He has been elected as a member of Lok Sabha eight times. He has also served as the Secretary of the All India Congress Committee (AICC).

Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) is a big tent multi-party political alliance of several political parties in India led by the country's largest opposition party, the Indian National Congress. The alliance is against the ideology and governance of the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the 2024 Indian general elections. In the 2024 general election, the alliance won 234 seats, gaining more than 100 seats in relation to its size before dissolution, and the majority of seats in states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Punjab.
Hope Floats (soundtrack)
Hope Floats: Music From the Motion Picture is the soundtrack of the 1998 film Hope Floats. It was released by Capitol Records on April 7, 1998, featuring 13 tracks by country and rock singers. It reached #4 on The Billboard 200 and #1 on Top Country Albums, and was certified double-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for U.S. shipments of two million copies.

Paul Davis (singer)
Paul Lavon Davis (April 21, 1948 – April 22, 2008) was an American singer and songwriter, best known for his radio hits and solo career that started worldwide in 1970. His career encompassed soul, country, and pop. His most successful songs are 1977's "I Go Crazy", a No. 7 pop hit that once held the record for the longest chart run on the Billboard Hot 100, and 1982's "'65 Love Affair", which at No. 6 is his highest-charting single. Another pop hit, "Cool Night", was released in 1981. In the mid-1980s, he also had two No. 1 country hits as a guest vocalist on songs by Marie Osmond and Tanya Tucker.
Blumenberg (surname)
Blumenberg is a German surname derived from the toponym Blumenberg ("flower hill" or "mountain"). Notable people with the surname include:

Bettina Blumenberg (born 1962), German field hockey player

Frida Blumenberg (born 1935), South African artist and sculptor

Hans Blumenberg (1920–1996), German philosopher

Bettina Blumenberg
Bettina Heinicke née Blumenberg (born 20 November 1962, in Braunschweig, Germany) is a German former field hockey player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics. In total, she represented West Germany in 79 matches.
Richard Frankel (producer)
Richard Frankel is an American theatrical producer and general manager who has been producing and managing on and off-Broadway since 1970.  He has been working in partnership with Tom Viertel, Steve Baruch, and Marc Routh since 1985.

The Producers (musical)
The Producers is a musical comedy with music and lyrics by Mel Brooks and a book by Brooks and Thomas Meehan. It is adapted from Brooks's 1967 film of the same name. The story concerns two theatrical producers who scheme to get rich by fraudulently overselling interests in a Broadway musical designed to fail. Complications arise when the show is a surprise hit. The humor of The Producers draws on exaggerated accents, caricatures of Jews, gay people and Nazis, and many show business in-jokes.

After 33 previews, the original Broadway production opened at the St. James Theatre on April 19, 2001, starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick, and ran for 2,502 performances, winning a record-breaking 12 Tony Awards. It spawned a successful West End production running for just over two years, national tours in the US and UK, many productions worldwide and a 2005 film version.
Splinter (The Walking Dead)
"Splinter" is the twentieth episode of the tenth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead. The 151st episode overall, the episode was directed by Laura Belsey, and written by Julia Ruchman and Vivian Tse. "Splinter" was released on the streaming platform AMC+ on March 19, 2021, and aired on television on AMC two days later, on March 21, 2021.

In the episode, Eugene (Josh McDermitt), Ezekiel (Khary Payton), Yumiko (Eleanor Matsuura), and Princess (Paola Lázaro) are captured and separated by the mysterious troopers that surrounded them at the rail yard in "A Certain Doom". Trapped inside a boxcar and claustrophobic with mounting anxiety, Princess struggles with memories of her traumatic past and attempts to escape.

The episode received generally mixed reviews from critics.

Claustrophobia
Claustrophobia is a fear or anxiety of confined spaces. It is triggered by many situations or stimuli, including elevators, especially when crowded to capacity, windowless rooms, and hotel rooms with closed doors and sealed windows. Even bedrooms with a lock on the outside, small cars, and tight-necked clothing can induce a response in those with claustrophobia. It is typically classified as an anxiety disorder, which often results in panic attacks. The onset of claustrophobia has been attributed to many factors, including a reduction in the size of the amygdala, classical conditioning, or a genetic predisposition to fear small spaces.

One study indicates that anywhere from five to ten percent of the world population is affected by severe claustrophobia, but only a small percentage of these people receive some kind of treatment for the disorder.

The term claustrophobia comes from Latin claustrum "a shut in place" and Greek φόβος, phóbos, "fear".
Osteocephalus planiceps
Osteocephalus planiceps is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and possibly Brazil. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Soviet destroyer Gordy (1937)
Gordy (Russian: Гордый, lit. 'Proud') was one of 29 Gnevny-class destroyers (officially known as Project 7) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Completed in 1938, she was assigned to the Baltic Fleet. The ship was covering a minelaying operation after the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) in June 1941 when she entered a German minefield. One of her sister ships had her bow blown off and Gordy rescued the survivors. The ship provided naval gunfire support for Soviet ground forces over the next several months, although she was badly damaged by a mine during the evacuation of Tallinn, Estonia, in August. After repairs, Gordy was assigned to evacuate Soviet troops from their enclave in Hanko, Finland, in November, but struck several mines en route and sank with heavy loss of life.

Hanko, Finland
Hanko (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhɑŋko]; Swedish: Hangö) is a town in Finland, located in the southern coast of the country. Hanko is situated in the western part of the Uusimaa region. The population of Hanko is approximately 8,000. It is the 121st most populous municipality in Finland.

Hanko is located 130 kilometres (80 mi) west of Helsinki and 35 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of Ekenäs.

The Port of Hanko is today the 4th largest port in Finland. The skyline of Hanko is dominated by the church and the water tower. Both of them received their current appearance after World War II, as their predecessors were either damaged or destroyed by the Soviet Armed Forces.

Hanko is a bilingual municipality with Finnish and Swedish as its official languages. The population consists of 52% Finnish speakers, 41% Swedish speakers, and 6% speakers of other languages.
Dame Phyllis Frost Centre
The Dame Phyllis Frost Centre, formerly the Deer Park Metropolitan Women's Correctional Centre (MWCC) is a maximum security women's prison located at Deer Park, Victoria, Australia. Built in 1996, it was the first privately-owned prison in Victoria. It was transferred to public ownership in 2000 and is run by Corrections Victoria. It also houses medium security and all protection prisoners.

Supermax prison
A super-maximum security (supermax) or administrative maximum (ADX) prison is a "control-unit" prison, or a unit within prisons, which represents the most secure level of custody in the prison systems of certain countries.

The objective is to provide long-term, segregated housing for inmates classified as the highest security risks in the prison system and those who pose an extremely serious threat to both national and global security.
Cryin' Again
"Cryin' Again" is a song written by Rafe Van Hoy and Don Cook, and recorded by The Oak Ridge Boys.  It was released in September 1978 as the second single from Room Service.  The song reached number 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Don Cook
Don Kirby Cook (born May 25, 1949) is an American record producer and songwriter whose work is mainly in the field of country music. Artists who recorded Cook's material include Barbara Mandrell, John Conlee, Mark Collie, Wade Hayes and Brooks & Dunn. Cook's production work began in the early 1990s when he worked with Brooks & Dunn.
1904 United States presidential election in South Carolina
The 1904 United States presidential election in South Carolina took place on November 8, 1904, as part of the 1904 United States presidential election. Voters chose nine representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

South Carolina voted for the Democratic nominee, former Chief Judge of New York Court of Appeals Alton B. Parker, over the Republican nominee, President Theodore Roosevelt. Parker won South Carolina by a landslide margin of 90.74 percentage points. Parker indeed won Hampton, Fairfield and Georgetown Counties unanimously due to the nearly complete disfranchisement of the black majority that was the Republican Party's sole support in the state.

With 95.36% of the popular vote, South Carolina would be Parker's strongest victory in terms of percentage of the popular vote.

Parker became the first presidential candidate to sweep every county in South Carolina.

Georgetown County, South Carolina
Georgetown County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 63,404. Its county seat is Georgetown. The county was founded in 1769. It is named for George III of the United Kingdom. Georgetown County comprises the Murrells Inlet, SC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Myrtle Beach-Conway, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Repetition (Unwound album)
Repetition is the fifth studio album by American post-hardcore band Unwound, released on April 9, 1996 by Kill Rock Stars. The album has been hailed as a masterpiece among those in the punk rock scene.

Kill Rock Stars
Kill Rock Stars is an independent record label founded in February 1991 by Slim Moon and Tinuviel Sampson, and based in both Olympia, Washington, and Portland, Oregon. The label has released a variety of work in different genres, but it was originally known for its commitment to underground punk rock bands and the Olympia area music scene.
University of Münster School of Business and Economics
The School of Business and Economics (German: Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät) at the University of Münster (WWU) is one of the leading educational establishments for economics and business in Germany with 6,000 students.

European Research Center for Information Systems
The ERCIS – European Research Center for Information Systems is an international research network of universities and research institutions that deals with issues related to digital transformation, information systems, and organizational design. It promotes interdisciplinary research with high societal and economic relevance in collaboration with partners from academia, industry, and the public sector.
New York State Route 228
New York State Route 228 (NY 228) is a state highway in Schuyler County, New York, in the United States. It runs for 12.47 miles (20.07 km) in a northeast to southwest direction from an intersection with NY 224 in the village of Odessa to a junction with NY 227 in the hamlet of Perry City within the town of Hector. NY 228 has a short overlap with NY 79 in the Hector community of Mecklenburg. The route was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York; however, it initially ended at NY 79 in Mecklenburg, from where NY 79 went north to Perry City. NY 79 was realigned to head west from Mecklenburg in the early 1960s, at which time the NY 228 designation was extended northward over NY 79's former routing.

Cayuta Lake
Cayuta Lake is a small lake located in Schuyler County, New York, United States. It is within the Town of Catharine, about three miles (4.8 km) north of Odessa. The lake is also referred to locally as Little Lake.
Umma (2022 film)
Umma (Korean: 엄마; RR: Eomma) is a 2022 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Iris K. Shim. The film stars Sandra Oh, Fivel Stewart, MeeWha Alana Lee, Tom Yi, Odeya Rush, and Dermot Mulroney. Sam Raimi serves as a producer on the film. The film follows Amanda (Oh), a single mother who lives with her daughter in an isolated farm being haunted by her mother's ghost.

Umma was released in the United States on March 18, 2022, by Sony Pictures Releasing. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Oh's performance and the film's themes, but criticized its clichéd formulas, its screenplay, its over-reliance on jump scares, and its lack of tension.

Jump scare
A jump scare (also written jump-scare and jumpscare) is a scaring technique used in media, particularly in horror fiction such as horror films and horror games, intended to scare the viewer by surprising them with a creepy face or object, usually accompanied by a loud sound. The jump scare has been described as "one of the most basic building blocks of horror movies". Jump scares can startle the viewer by appearing at a point in the film where the soundtrack is quiet and the viewer is not expecting anything alarming to happen, or can be the sudden payoff to a long period of suspense.

Some critics have described jump scares as a lazy way to frighten viewers, and believe that the horror genre has undergone a decline in recent years following an over-reliance on the jump scare trope, establishing it as a cliché of modern horror films.
William Krupke
William Krupke was a physicist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2016 for his research in laser science and technology.

Laser science
Laser science or laser physics is a branch of optics that describes the theory and practice of lasers.

Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal evolution of the light field in the laser. It is also concerned with the physics of laser beam propagation, particularly the physics of Gaussian beams, with laser applications, and with associated fields such as nonlinear optics and quantum optics.