hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Detern
The Battle of Detern (German: Schlacht von Detern) on 27 September 1426 marked the prelude to the  East Frisian rebellion against the rule of the tom Brok family over East Frisia.

In the course of the battle an East Frisian peasant army under Focko Ukena and Sibet of Rüstringen defeated the Oldenburg troops called by Chieftain Ocko II tom Brok to assist him, the Archbishop of Bremen and the counts of Hoya, Diepholz and Tecklenburg, who had besieged Detern. Focko Ukena - a former henchman of Ocko - thrashed the combined Bremen-Oldenburg cavalry force, after Count Dietrich of Oldenburg deserted his allies during the battle. Count Johann von Rietberg, the second son of Otto II of Rietberg and Conrad X of Diepholz fell in battle. and Archbishop Nicholas of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst was captured, but released after negotiations with the Bremen town council.

County of Hoya
The County of Hoya (German: Grafschaft Hoya) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Lower Saxony. It was centred on the town of Hoya on the middle Weser river, between Bremen and Nienburg; the area now belongs to the districts of Nienburg and Diepholz. The largest city in the county was Nienburg.
Christa Luft
Christa Luft (née Hecht; born 22 February 1938) is a German economist and politician of the SED/PDS. 
Luft joined the SED in 1958. From 18 November 1989 to 18 March 1990, she was the Minister of Economics in the Modrow government. From 1994 to 2002 she was member of the Bundestag for the PDS.

From 1963 to 1971 Luft was registered as a Stasi informant under the code name IM Gisela.

Karlshorst
Karlshorst (/kɑːrlshɔːrst/, German: [ˈkaʁlsˌhɔst] ⓘ; locally pronounced [ka:ltshɔst]; literally meaning Karl's nest) is a locality in the borough of Lichtenberg in Berlin. It is home to a harness racing track, the Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin (HTW), the largest University of Applied Sciences in Berlin, and the Museum Berlin-Karlshorst.
The Toronto World
The Toronto World was a Canadian newspaper based in Toronto, Ontario. It existed between 1880 and 1921, and a Sunday edition operated from 1891 to 1924. Founded by William Findlay "Billy" Maclean, it was popular among Toronto's working class and similar in style to The New York Herald. It was said to be the "editorially boldest" of the Toronto press, and was notable for its irreverence, noisy exposés of civic corruption, skilful skirting of the libel laws, and opposition to the religious establishment. Journalists such as Hector Charlesworth, Joseph E. Atkinson and John Bayne Maclean first worked there, before moving on to senior positions at other publications.

It once declared, "A newspaper editorially has no inherent personality of its own nor apart from that of the individuals who direct and control its policy. That is the basic element in journalism, though it is often forgotten or ignored by the public to whom it is of vital interest."

Dictionary of Canadian Biography
The Dictionary of Canadian Biography (DCB; French: Dictionnaire biographique du Canada) is a dictionary of biographical entries for individuals who have contributed to the history of Canada. The DCB, which was initiated in 1959, is a collaboration between the University of Toronto and Laval University. Fifteen volumes have so far been published with more than 8,400 biographies of individuals who died or whose last known activity fell between the years 1000 and 1930. The entire print edition is online, along with some additional biographies to the year 2000.
Rammell
Rammell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amanda Rammell (born 1985), beauty queen from Rexburg, Idaho

Andy Rammell (born 1967), former professional footballer

Bill Rammell (born 1959), British Labour Party politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces at the Ministry of Defence

Rex Rammell, conservative politician from Idaho

Thomas Webster Rammell (died 1879), British engineer

Thomas Webster Rammell
Thomas Webster Rammell was born in 1814 on the Isle of Thanet, Kent, United Kingdom.  He became an engineer, working for the Metropolitan Board of Works. He was a close friend of Henry Austin, son-in-law of Charles Dickens.

In 1849 he visited the North Devon town of Barnstaple to open an inquiry into the "sewage, drainage and supply of water and the sanitary conditions of the inhabitants".

He died in 1879 as a result of developing diabetes.  Shortly before his death his wife wrote to Richard Temple-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, an old friend, asking whether he had any knowledge of insulin which had recently been developed. Rammell is buried in an unmarked grave in Watford. Contrary to popular belief, he did not die in poverty.
Monthly Shōnen Magazine
Monthly Shōnen Magazine (月刊少年マガジン, Gekkan Shōnen Magajin) is a monthly shōnen manga magazine published in Japan by Kodansha. It was launched in 1964 under the name Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine (別冊少年マガジン). In 1969 it was retitled as Monthly Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine (月刊別冊少年マガジン) and its publication frequency increased from quarterly to monthly. After suspension in 1974 it started publishing again, in 1975 it was renamed as current magazine title.

It had a supplement magazine called Shōnen Magazine R, which launched in 2015. The magazine originally published a new issue once every two months, until it became a digital-only magazine in October 2019 with a monthly schedule. In January 2023, Shōnen Magazine R ceased publication. In February 2023, a new web publication called Getsu Maga Kichi (Monthly Magazine Base) replaced Shōnen Magazine R.

Masatoshi Kawahara
Masatoshi Kawahara (川原 正敏, Kawahara Masatoshi, born 17 August 1960 in Mihara, Hiroshima) is a Japanese manga artist. He is best known as the author of the long-running series Shura no Mon and its prequel Shura no Toki, for which he won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen in 1989.
2022 Illinois House of Representatives election
The 2022 elections for the Illinois House of Representatives were held on Tuesday, November 8, 2022, to elect representatives from all 118 Representative districts in the Illinois House of Representatives. The primary election occurred on Tuesday, June 28, 2022. The winners of this election would serve in the 103rd General Assembly, with seats apportioned among the state based on the 2020 United States census. The Democratic Party had held a House majority since 1997. 92 Democratic candidates; 104 Republican candidates and one independent candidate ran for a house seat. The inauguration of the 103rd General Assembly occurred on Wednesday, January 11, 2023.

Democrats flipped seven seats and Republicans flipped two seats, which resulted in the Democrats' net gain of five seats, increasing their supermajority to 78 out of 118 seats.

Deanne Mazzochi
Deanne Marie Mazzochi is a politician who served as a Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives from the 47th district from 2018 to 2023. The 47th district included all or parts of Elmhurst, Oak Brook, Oakbrook Terrace, Western Springs, Clarendon Hills, Hinsdale, Westmont, and Downers Grove. She was the Chair of the College of DuPage Board of Trustees prior to her appointment to the Illinois House of Representatives.

Mazzochi was sworn in to succeed Patti Bellock on July 15, 2018. She was re-elected in 2020. She lost re-election in 2022 to Democrat Jenn Ladisch Douglass and has not publicly acknowledged or conceded her loss since then.
Sara Santoro
Sara Santoro Bianchi (1950–2016) was an Italian archaeologist, classical scholar and educator. She is remembered for her collaboration in projects focusing on the Insula del Centenario in Pompeii, Castelraimondo del Fiuli, Bliesbruck on the French-German border, and the excavation of the Amphitheatre of Durrës in Albania. She has served as director of the Archaeological Museum of Bazzano, Province of Bologna, and as a professor of archaeology and Greek and Roman art at the University of Parma and at the D'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara.

European Archaeological Park of Bliesbruck-Reinheim
The European Archaeological Park at Bliesbruck-Reinheim, in the German municipality of Gersheim (Saarland) and the French municipality of Bliesbruck (Département Moselle), is a cross-border project which combines excavations and reconstructions of Celtic and Roman finds with exhibition and educational facilities.  It was created in 1989 as a result of the archaeological work being done on both sides of the Franco-German border.  Together with archaeological  evidence from the Mesolithic Period, the Bronze Age, and the period of the Germanic migrations, the Celtic and Roman finds from the Iron Age bear witness to a history of continuous settlement in the Blies Valley that spans a period of 10,000 years.
Microplas
Microplas Limited was formed in 1954 in Uxbridge by group of 750 Motor Club members. They were Mike Eyre, Roger Everett, Bill Ashton, Sandy Wemyss, Tony Wemyss, and one other who was associated with the Hunting family. The Huntings were among the first to make reinforced plastics for the British military during World War Two. Microplas had access to this technology. The Mircroplas also traded as Microbond.

In the mid 1950s Microplas relocated its factory to Mitcham, Surrey. The company diversified into boats and hardtops. The boats were built under Microplas and Microplus names.

Microplus
Microplus were a range of GRP boats (glass reinforced plastic - or fibreglass) produced in the UK in the 1960s and 1970s.

Originally trading as Microplas, the company has its origins in the 1950s producing bodyshells for a small number of fibreglass sports cars. However, by 1958 the company had started producing Microplas boats.

In the mid-1970s the company split into two manufacturing groups, Microplas and Chrisidon Marine Limited. Microplas continued to produce body shells and later plastic pipes, while Chrisidon Marine manufactured the boats, by now renamed Microplus.
Lindisfarne, Montana
Lindisfarne is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 284 at the 2010 census.

The community is in north-central Lake County, on the south shore of the Big Arm of Flathead Lake. It is bordered to the west by the community of Big Arm, and it extends to the east past White Swan Bay, White Swan Point, and Indian Bay to the west side of Matterhorn Point. Lindisfarne is 10 miles (16 km) north of Polson, the Lake county seat.

Polson, Montana
Polson (Montana Salish: nčmqnétkʷ, Kutenai: kwataqnuk) (/ˈpoʊlsən/, POHL-sən) is a city in Lake County, Montana, United States, on the southern shore of Flathead Lake and within the Flathead Indian Reservation. The population was 5,148 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Lake County. In 1898 the city was named after pioneer rancher David Polson. It was incorporated in 1910.
Zimny
Zimny is a surname which means "cold" in Polish. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandra Zimny (born 1996), Polish handball player

Arthur L. Zimny (1900–1973), American politician

Bob Zimny (1921–2011), American football player

Kazimierz Zimny (1935–2022), Polish athlete

Simon Zimny (1927–2007), French footballer

Tymoteusz Zimny (born 1998), Polish sprinter

Bob Zimny
Robert John Zimny (December 11, 1921 – August 11, 2011) was an American professional football tackle who played two seasons with the Chicago Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Brooklyn Tigers in the 28th round of the 1944 NFL draft after playing college football at Indiana University Bloomington. He was a member of the Cardinals team that won the 1947 NFL Championship.
Uppland Runic Inscription 1144
Uppland Runic Inscription 1144 or U 1144 is the Rundata catalog designation of a Viking Age memorial runestone in a churchyard that is located five kilometers southwest of Tierp, Uppsala County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Uppland.

Runestone
A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic inscription, but the term can also be applied to inscriptions on boulders and on bedrock. The tradition of erecting runestones as a memorial to dead men began in the 4th century and lasted into the 12th century, but the majority of the extant runestones date from the late Viking Age. While most of these are located in Scandinavia, particularly Sweden, there are also scattered runestones in locations that were visited by Norsemen. Runestones were usually brightly coloured when erected, though this is no longer evident as the colour has worn off.
Antlia II
Antlia II (Ant II) is a low-surface-brightness dwarf satellite galaxy of the Milky Way at a galactic latitude of 11.2°. It spans 1.26° in the sky just southeast of Epsilon Antliae. The galaxy is similar in size to the Large Magellanic Cloud, despite being 1/10,000 as bright. Antlia II has the lowest surface brightness of any galaxy discovered and is ~ 100 times more diffuse than any known ultra diffuse galaxy. The large size of the galaxy suggests that it is currently being tidally disrupted, and is in the process of becoming a stellar stream. The southeast side of Antlia II is farther away than the northwest side, likely due to the tidal disruption. It was discovered using data from the European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft in November 2018.

Galactic coordinate system
The galactic coordinate system (GCS) is a celestial coordinate system in spherical coordinates, with the Sun as its center, the primary direction aligned with the approximate center of the Milky Way Galaxy, and the fundamental plane parallel to an approximation of the galactic plane but offset to its north. It uses the right-handed convention, meaning that coordinates are positive toward the north and toward the east in the fundamental plane.
Vanishing point
A vanishing point is a point on the image plane of a perspective rendering where the two-dimensional perspective projections of parallel lines in three-dimensional space appear to converge.  When the set of parallel lines is perpendicular to a picture plane, the construction is known as one-point perspective, and their vanishing point corresponds to the oculus, or "eye point", from which the image should be viewed for correct perspective geometry. Traditional linear drawings use objects with one to three sets of parallels, defining one to three vanishing points.

Italian humanist polymath and architect Leon Battista Alberti first introduced the concept in his treatise on perspective in art, De pictura, written in 1435. Straight railroad tracks are a familiar modern example.

Track geometry
Track geometry is concerned with the properties and relations of points, lines, curves, and surfaces in the three-dimensional positioning of railroad track. The term is also applied to measurements used in design, construction and maintenance of track. Track geometry involves standards, speed limits and other regulations in the areas of track gauge, alignment, elevation, curvature and track surface. Standards are usually separately expressed for horizontal and vertical layouts although track geometry is three-dimensional. Modern maintenance regimes increasingly use 3D laser scanning (LiDAR) to capture these geometric parameters and assess structure gauge compliance without physical contact.
Turnford, Hertfordshire
Turnford is a village in the Borough of Broxbourne, in Hertfordshire, England, in an area generally known as the Lee Valley. It is bounded by Wormley to the north, Cheshunt to the south and west, and its eastern boundary is formed largely by the Lee Navigation. Central London at Charing Cross is approximately 18 miles (29 km) south. At the 2001 census, together with Wormley, the village had a population of 8,146 in 3,399 households.

Census in the United Kingdom
Coincident full censuses have taken place in the different jurisdictions of the United Kingdom every ten years since 1801, with the exceptions of 1941 (during the Second World War), Ireland in 1921/Northern Ireland in 1931, and Scotland in 2021. In addition to providing detailed information about national demographics, the results of the census play an important part in the calculation of resource allocation to regional and local service providers by the UK government.

The most recent UK census took place in England, Wales and Northern Ireland on 21 March 2021. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the census in Scotland was delayed to 20 March 2022.
Dominating decision rule
In decision theory, a decision rule is said to dominate another if the performance of the former is sometimes better, and never worse, than that of the latter.

Formally, let  and  be two decision rules, and let  be the risk of rule  for parameter . The decision rule  is said to dominate the rule  if  for all , and the inequality is strict for some .

This defines a partial order on decision rules; the maximal elements with respect to this order are called admissible decision rules.

Partially ordered set
In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other. The word partial is used to indicate that not every pair of elements needs to be comparable; that is, there may be pairs for which neither element precedes the other. Partial orders thus generalize total orders, in which every pair is comparable.

Formally, a partial order is a homogeneous binary relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. A partially ordered set (poset for short) is an ordered pair  consisting of a set  (called the ground set of ) and a partial order  on . When the meaning is clear from context and there is no ambiguity about the partial order, the set  itself is sometimes called a poset.
2014 Connecticut Open – Doubles
Sania Mirza and Zheng Jie were the defending champions, but they decided not to compete together. Mirza partnered up with Cara Black, but lost in the quarterfinals to Caroline Garcia and Monica Niculescu. Zheng played alongside Chan Hao-ching, but lost in the first round to Darija Jurak and Megan Moulton-Levy. This is about a Tennis match in 2014.
Andreja Klepač and Sílvia Soler Espinosa won the title, defeating Marina Erakovic and Arantxa Parra Santonja in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–7].

Andreja Klepač
Andreja Klepač (born 13 March 1986) is a Slovenian tennis player. On 14 July 2008, she reached her career-high singles rankings of world No. 99. On 11 April 2022, she peaked at No. 11 in the WTA doubles rankings. She qualified also with Darija Jurak for the 2021 WTA Finals, after nearly 20 years on the professional tour.
Otto Matieson
Otto Matieson, born Otto Matiesen, (27 March 1893 – 19 February 1932) was a Danish actor of the silent era. He appeared in 45 films between 1920 and 1931. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, and died in a car accident in Safford, Arizona.

Safford, Arizona
Safford (Western Apache: Ichʼįʼ Nahiłtį́į́) is a city in Graham County, Arizona, United States. According to the 2020 Census, the population of the city is 10,129. The city is the county seat of Graham County.

Safford is the principal city of the Safford Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Graham County.
Ardeer, North Ayrshire
Ardeer was a small town now officially incorporated into Stevenston on the Ardeer peninsula, in the parish of Stevenston, North Ayrshire, originally an island and later its extensive sand dune system became the site of Nobel Explosives, a dominant global supplier of explosives to the mining and quarrying industries and a major player in the design and development of products for the chemical and defence industries during the 20th century, the company was also a subsidiary of Nobel Enterprises. The peninsula is now part of North Ayrshire's most important area for Biodiversity.

Earl of Eglinton
Earl of Eglinton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created by James IV of Scotland in 1507 for Hugh Montgomerie, 3rd Lord Montgomerie.

In 1859, the thirteenth Earl of Eglinton, Archibald Montgomerie, was also created Earl of Winton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, which gave him an automatic seat in the House of Lords, and both earldoms have been united since. Further titles held with the earldoms are: Lord Montgomerie (created 1449), Baron Ardrossan (1806) and Baron Seton and Tranent (1859). The first is in the Peerage of Scotland, while the latter two are in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

William Dunbar mentions a Sir Hugh of Eglinton in his Lament for the Makaris, citing him as a fellow poet. He has sometimes been tentatively identified as Huchown, but this is not certain.

The Earl of Eglinton is the hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Montgomery. The ancestral seat was Eglinton Castle in Kilwinning, North Ayrshire.
Peribona
Peribona is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen in 1895. It contains only one species, Peribona venosa, described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1889, which is found in the Himalayas and on Java.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.
Zhenlong station
Zhenlong station (Chinese: 镇龙站) is an interchange station between Line 14 and Line 21 of the Guangzhou Metro. The Line 14 station started operations on 28 December 2017  and the Line 21 station started operations on 28 December 2018. The station also serves as the southeastern terminus of the Knowledge City branch of Line 14.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Semyon Valuysky
Semyon Valuysky (born February 10, 1991) is a Russian professional ice hockey forward who currently plays for HC Yugra of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL). He has formerly played for Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod, Metallurg Novokuznetsk, Lada Togliatti and Admiral Vladivostok.

Metallurg Novokuznetsk
Metallurg Novokuznetsk (Russian: Металлург Новокузнецк Shor: Металлург Аба-тура) is a professional ice hockey team from Siberia based in Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. They are currently members of the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).