hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Viktor Nemkov
Viktor Alexandrovich Nemkov (Russian: Виктор Александрович Немков; born January 26, 1987) is a Russian sambist, judoka competitor and mixed martial artist. Nemkov won the 2011 World Sambo Championships in Combat Sambo. He is the older brother of Vadim Nemkov.

Sambo (martial art)
Sambo is a combat sport, and is essentially a mixed martial art, as it utilizes techniques from other classical martial arts such as boxing, judo, jujutsu,  Greco-Roman wrestling, and freestyle wrestling. Sambo is a recognized style of amateur wrestling governed by the UWW in the World Wrestling Championships along with Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.  Practiced worldwide, sambo is a martial art with Soviet and Russian origins.
Peter Thorstensen
Peter Thorstensen (1752–1792) was a Danish physician and chemist who settled in Norway living during the time of Denmark-Norway.

He was born in Denmark to immigrants from Iceland, and studied medicine in Copenhagen. His doctoral thesis in 1775 examined medical use of quassin from the plant quassia amara. He was appointed as physician (Norwegian: bergmedicus) in Kongsberg, at the Kongsberg Silver Mines. From 1784 he lectured at the Kongsberg School of Mines, in chemistry, physics and mineralogy.

Quassin
Quassin is a white, bitter, crystalline substance that is the prototypical example of the family of quassinoids. It can be extracted from the quassia tree, from which it gets its name.  It was first isolated in 1937, and its chemical structure was elucidated in 1961.

It is one of the most bitter substances found in nature, with a bitter threshold of 0.08 ppm and it is 50 times more bitter than quinine.

Extracts of the bitterwood tree (Quassia amara) containing quassin are used as additives in soft drinks.

Although its skeleton possesses 20 carbon atoms, quassin is not a diterpene but rather a triterpene lactone, which derives from euphol by loss of 10 carbon atoms including C4.
TLC (Latin American TV channel)
TLC is a television channel broadcasting to several countries in Latin America. It was originally known as Discovery Travel & Adventure Channel and featured more adventure-related programs. On February 1, 2005, the channel changed its name to Discovery Travel & Living and changed to lifestyle programming about travel, food, design, architecture and luxury. On November 1, 2011, it was relaunched as "TLC: Travel & Living Channel" as part of the international roll-out of the American counterpart, brand and the premiere of additional programming. In late 2012, "Travel & Living Channel" was dropped from the channel's name and replaced with the Discovery logo on the channel's logo.

Kitchen Boss
Kitchen Boss is an American television series on TLC, hosted by Buddy Valastro, the star of Cake Boss. The weekday series premiered on January 25, 2011, and the second season launched on January 31, 2012.

Unlike the documentary series Cake Boss and the reality series Next Great Baker, Kitchen Boss is a studio-based cooking show where Valastro prepares Italian-American dishes using his family's recipes. Valastro is typically joined in the kitchen by family members and special guests.
A Touch of Fever
A Touch of Fever (二十才の微熱, Hatachi no Binetsu; lit. Slight Fever of a 20-Year-Old) is a Japanese film directed by Ryosuke Hashiguchi, starring Yoshihiko Hakamada and Masashi Endō. It was released in 1993.

It was shot on 16 millimeter film with a small budget and no payment for the actors or the director. It was awarded a PFF Scholarship (which supports the production of one film for theatrical release each year). It was then screened in Berlin Film Festival.

Ryōsuke Hashiguchi
Ryōsuke Hashiguchi (橋口亮輔, Hashiguchi Ryōsuke; born 13 July 1962) is a Japanese film director particularly known for projects concerning LGBT community issues. He won the award for Best Director at the 24th Yokohama Film Festival for Hush! and at the 33rd Hochi Film Award for All Around Us.
Asko Concerto
The Asko Concerto is a concerto for chamber orchestra by the American composer Elliott Carter.  The work was commissioned by the Dutch chamber group Asko|Schönberg, for which the piece is titled.  It was composed in January 2000 and was first performed in Concertgebouw, Amsterdam on April 26, 2000, by the Asko ensemble under the conductor Oliver Knussen.  The piece is dedicated to Asko|Schönberg.

Oliver Knussen
Stuart Oliver Knussen CBE (12 June 1952 – 8 July 2018) was a British composer of contemporary classical music and conductor. Among the most influential British composers of his generation, his relatively few compositions are "rooted in 20th-century modernism, [but] beholden to no school but his own"
Château du Hamel
Château du Hamel is a château in the commune of Castets-en-Dorthe in the Gironde département of France.

The present building was constructed in the mid-16th century on the remains of a 14th-century castle. All that remains of this earlier structure is the base of the keep on the eastern side, seen in the interior as a heptagonal vaulted room.

The château is privately owned. It has been listed since 1963 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
The English (TV series)
The English is a revisionist Western television miniseries written and directed by Hugo Blick, and produced by Drama Republic and Eight Rooks for the BBC and Amazon Prime. Starring Emily Blunt and Chaske Spencer, it follows an Englishwoman who travels to the American West in 1890 to seek revenge on the man she blames for the death of her son. It premiered in the United Kingdom on BBC Two and BBC iPlayer on 10 November 2022, and in the United States on Amazon Prime Video on 11 November 2022. The series received positive reviews from critics, particularly for Blunt's and Spencer's performances.

Malcolm Storry
Malcolm Storry (born 13 January 1948) is an English actor with extensive experience on stage, television, and film. Amongst many roles, he is perhaps best known for "Yellin" in The Princess Bride,  HM Customs Chief Bill Adams on The Knock, and Clive Tishell in Doc Martin.

Storry was born in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire. He has had an extensive career in theatre, TV, and film, including such roles as Sir Francis Drake in Elizabeth: The Golden Age, Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream for the National Theatre, and many roles for the Royal Shakespeare Company including Prospero and Caliban in The Tempest and Macduff and Banquo in Macbeth.
April 2025 Russian attack on Kyiv
On the night of April 24, 2025, Russia launched an attack on Kyiv
using cruise and ballistic missiles (Kh-101, Iskander-M/Iskander-K, KN-23, Kalibr, and Kh-59/Kh-69), as well as attack drones. As a result of the Russian strike, the cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Zaporizhzhia, as well as the Kyiv, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr, Khmelnytskyi, Poltava, and Sumy regions were affected. The attack resulted in the deaths of 13 Ukrainians, and injuries to over 90 others, making it one of the deadliest attacks on Kyiv in the Russian invasion of Ukraine since 2022.

Kh-101
The Kh-101 (Russian: Х-101; NATO reporting name: AS-23 "Kodiak") is a Russian air-launched cruise missile which operates at a maximum of Mach 0.8. Designed in the 1990s, it underwent testing in the 2000s and entered service in the 2010s, seeing use in the Syrian Civil War and the Russo-Ukrainian war.

The Kh-102 is a strategic version of the Kh-101, armed with a nuclear warhead; it has not been used.
Bouvrage
Bouvrage was a soft drink produced by Ella Drinks Limited near Brechin, Angus, Scotland. The original Bouvrage was made with raspberry juice (as well as lightly carbonated water, sugar, citric acid and flavourings).
The company  introduced two other drinks, one made with blaeberries and the other with strawberries.

The drink was generally sampled at food fairs in Scotland and is sold at delicatessens and independent food stores.

Ella drinks suspended production and closed in 2024.

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus   is a holarctic species of shrub with edible fruit of blue color, known by the common names bilberry, blaeberry, wimberry, and whortleberry. It is more precisely called common bilberry or blue whortleberry to distinguish it from other Vaccinium relatives.
Organ of Tömösváry
Tömösváry organs, also known as temporal organs or postantennal organs are specialized paired sensory organs found in certain groups of myriapods (e.g. centipedes and millipedes) and hexapods (e.g. springtails), located on the head near the base of the antennae. They are notably absent among Polydesmid (flat-backed millipedes), the largest order of Diplopoda. Various functions for the Tömösváry organs have been proposed, including sensing vibration, humidity, or light, although evidence for their true function is conflicting, and in groups such as millipedes its true function is unknown. The organs were first described by Hungarian biologist Ödön Tömösváry in 1883.

Myriapoda
Myriapods (from Ancient Greek  μυρίος (muríos) 'countless' and  πούς (poús) 'foot') are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them terrestrial.

Although molecular evidence and similar fossils suggests a diversification in the Cambrian Period, the oldest known fossil record of myriapods dates between the Late Silurian and Early Devonian, with Pneumodesmus preserving the earliest known evidence of air-breathing on land. Other early myriapod fossil species around the similar time period include Kampecaris obanensis and Archidesmus sp. The phylogenetic classification of myriapods is still debated.

The scientific study of myriapods is myriapodology, and those who study myriapods are myriapodologists.
Baia Imperiale
Baia Imperiale is a nightclub in Gabicce Mare, in the region of the Marche, Italy, popular among tourists to the cities of Rimini and Riccione.

Past disc jockeys at the club include Snoop Dogg, Steve Aoki, Martin Solveig, and Bob Sinclar. The club has hosted live performances by artists including Fedez, Guè Pequeno, Ensiferum, and J-ax.

J-Ax
Alessandro Aleotti (Italian: [alesˈsandro aleˈɔtti]; born 5 August 1972), known professionally as J-Ax (Italian: [dʒeˈjaks]), is an Italian rapper and singer-songwriter, part of the rap group Articolo 31 with his DJ Vito Luca Perrini (DJ Jad). He is the brother of Grido (formerly part of Gemelli DiVersi). During 2010, he authored one album with Neffa forming a temporary band called Due di Picche ('Two of Spades').
Puiseaux (river)
The Puiseaux is a small river in the Loiret department, central France, left tributary of the Loing. It is 37.1 km (23.1 mi) long. Its source is in the commune of Les Choux. It flows north to Montargis, where it empties into the Loing. It is unrelated to the commune of Puiseaux.

Loiret
Loiret (/lwɑːˈreɪ/; French: [lwaʁɛ]) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of north-central France. It takes its name from the river Loiret, which is contained wholly within the department. In 2019, Loiret had a population of 680,434.

Its prefecture is Orléans, which is about 110 km (68 mi) southwest of Paris. As well as being the regional prefecture, it is a historic city on the banks of the Loire. It has a large central area with many historic buildings and mansions. Orléans Cathedral, dating back to the 13th century, was rebuilt after Protestant forces destroyed it in 1568. Loiret has two subprefectures, in Montargis and Pithiviers. It is famous for its several châteaux.
Dominic Kinnear
Dominic Kinnear (born July 26, 1967) is an American soccer coach and former player. On January 18, 2022, he was named an assistant coach by FC Cincinnati, his first coaching role since serving as the interim head coach of the LA Galaxy.

As a player, he began his professional career with Scottish club St Johnstone, and went on to play for several teams in the United States and Mexico, including the San Jose Hawks, San Jose Clash, Tampa Bay Mutiny and Necaxa. He also earned 54 caps with the United States national team.

Kinnear has been involved in coaching MLS teams since 2001. His most notable stint was from 2006 to 2014 with the Houston Dynamo, a club he led to MLS Cup in 2006 and again in 2007.

Supporters' Shield
The Supporters' Shield is an annual award given to the Major League Soccer team with the best regular season record, as determined by the MLS points system. The Supporters' Shield has been annually awarded at the MLS Supporters' Summit since 1999 (with the winners between 1996 and 1998 awarded retroactively), and has been recognized as a major trophy by the league. It echoes the practice of the top European leagues in which the team with the best record is the champion. Since 2006, the Supporters' Shield winner has earned a berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup.

D.C. United and LA Galaxy, with four Supporters' Shields each, have won the most shields of any MLS team. Philadelphia Union are the 2025 holders of the Supporters' Shield, clinching their second shield in the penultimate regular season match. Inter Miami CF currently holds the record for the most points in a regular season, with 74 in the 2024 campaign.
Shire of Ashburton (1887–1972)
The original Shire of Ashburton was a local government area in Western Australia from 1887 to 1972. It was based in the town of Onslow.

It was established on 1 January 1887 as the Ashburton Road District.

It was declared a shire and named the Shire of Ashburton with effect from 1 July 1961 following the passage of the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires.

The shire absorbed Barrow Island, Double Island and Pasco Island from the Shire of Roebourne on 21 January 1966.

It was amalgamated with the Shire of Tableland to form the Shire of West Pilbara (later renamed Ashburton) on 27 May 1972.

Barrow Island (Western Australia)
Barrow Island is a 202-square-kilometre (78 sq mi) island 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest off the Pilbara coast of Western Australia. The island is the second largest in Western Australia after Dirk Hartog Island.
Flag of Honolulu
The flag of Honolulu, Hawaii consists of the city seal on a yellow field. The flag was adopted in 1960.

The flag contains symbolism coming from both inside and outside of the city. The shield depicted in the flag has been used since 1895 when a republic was established after the overthrow of the kingdom. The yellow color present in both the shield and the flag represent the island of O‘ahu (yellow being the color yellow ‘ilima).

Pūloʻuloʻu: used to mark kapu for the commoners during the times of monarchy

Red, blue and white stripes: from the state flag

Rising sun: new era

Star in the middle: Hawaii itself

Kapu (Hawaiian culture)
Kapu is the ancient Hawaiian code of conduct of laws and regulations. The kapu system was universal in lifestyle, gender roles, politics and religion. An offense that was kapu was often a capital offense, but also often denoted a threat to spiritual power, or theft of mana. Kapus were strictly enforced. Breaking one, even unintentionally, often meant immediate death, Koʻo kapu. It is related to the concept of tapu or tabu found in other Polynesian cultures, from whence came the English word "taboo." The Hawaiian word kapu is usually translated to English as "forbidden", though it also carries the meanings of "keep out", "no trespassing", "sacred", "consecrated", or "holy".

The opposite of kapu is noa, meaning "common" or "free".
1998 Calgary municipal election
The 1998 Calgary municipal election was held on October 19, 1998, to elect a Mayor and 14 Aldermen to Calgary City Council.

In addition to the city council election, trustees to the Calgary Board of Education, Calgary Catholic School District, two plebiscites and the Alberta Senate nominee election.

Incumbent Mayor Al Duerr was re-elected defeating Alderman Ray Clark, and each incumbent Alderman was re-elected.

Calgary City Council
The Calgary City Council is the legislative governing body that represents the citizens of Calgary. The council consists of 15 members: the chief elected official, titled the mayor, and 14 councillors. Jeromy Farkas was elected mayor in October 2025 as the city's 38th. The mayor represents the interests of the city as a whole. Each of the 14 councillors represents one of the city's 14 wards.
Minister for Integration (Sweden)
The Minister for Integration (Swedish: Integrationsminister) is a cabinet minister within the Swedish Government since 2021, having previously been so between 1996 and 2014. The cabinet minister was appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.

The minister was responsible for issues regarding integration, discrimination, human rights at the national level, Swedish citizenship and minorities. The last Minister for Integration was Erik Ullenhag, who served from 2010 to 2014.

When the Andersson Cabinet took office in November 2021, the minister post was re-established. It was placed at the Ministry of Justice, and combined with Minister of Migration. Since June 2025, the position is placed at the Ministry for Education and the current minister is Simona Mohamsson of the Liberals.

Racial integration
Racial integration, or simply integration, includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation), leveling barriers to association, creating equal opportunity regardless of race, and the development of a culture that draws on diverse traditions, rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority culture. Desegregation is largely a legal matter, integration largely a social one.
Chishui City
Chishui (Chinese: 赤水; pinyin: Chìshǔi) is a county-level city of Guizhou Province, China, bordering Sichuan to the north and west.  It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zunyi.

The city has a total area of 1,801 km2, and in 2020, it had a population of 247,287.

Chishui is famous for its bamboo forestry, the city has around 87,000 hectares (340 sq mi) of bamboo forest coverage. The bamboo is used for paper production and bamboo weaving among others.

In 1935 the Battle of Chishui River took place in the city.

Battle of Chishui River
The Battle of Chishui River (simplified Chinese: 赤水战役; traditional Chinese: 赤水戰役), popularly known in mainland China as the Four Crossings of the Chishui River or "Crossing the Chishui River Four Times"  (四渡赤水), was a major battle between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) in 1935. It was the first major battle commanded by Mao Zedong during the Long March, and it is regarded as one of the most representative battles under Mao's command. This battle was a turning point in the first phase of Chinese Civil War. The Chinese Red Army jumped out of the encirclement of Kuomintang by unexpectedly crossing the Chishui River four times, and eventually survived the anti-communist military campaign of Chiang Kai-shek.
Jimmy Murphy (cartoonist)
James Edward Murphy Jr. (November 20, 1891 – March 9, 1965) was a self-taught American cartoonist who is best known for his long-run family comic strip, Toots and Casper. His earliest strips, signed J.E. Murphy, had a crude awkward look, but as his cartooning improved, his full signature of Jimmy Murphy appeared.

Born in Chicago, Murphy grew up in Omaha, Nebraska. When he was 15 he began selling political cartoons to the local newspapers, including the Omaha Examiner. He briefly attended Creighton University in Omaha, but he left home in 1910, spending the next eight years drawing political cartoons for the Inland Herald (Spokane, Washington), the Oregon Journal (Portland, Oregon) and the San Francisco Call & Post.

Creighton University
Creighton University (/ˈkreɪtən/) is a private research university in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Founded by the Society of Jesus in 1878, the university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. In 2015 the university enrolled 8,393 graduate and undergraduate students on a 140-acre (57 ha) campus just outside of downtown Omaha. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The university operates the Creighton University Medical Center. It has a second campus focused on health sciences located in Phoenix, Arizona.
Waveney-class lifeboat
The Waveney-class lifeboat was the first class of lifeboats operated by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) capable of operating at speeds in excess of 10 knots (12 mph).  Based on an American design, 22 saw operational service between 1964 and 1999 at the RNLI's stations around the coast of the United Kingdom and Ireland. After being superseded by faster boats in the 1990s, many were sold for further use with lifeboat services abroad, notably in Australia and New Zealand.

The class name comes from the River Waveney, which discharges into the North Sea at Great Yarmouth.

River Waveney
The River Waveney is a river which forms the boundary between Suffolk and Norfolk, England, for much of its length within The Broads. The earliest attestation of the name is from 1275, Wahenhe, from *wagen + ea, meaning the river by a quagmire.
Sheriff of Huntingdon and Peterborough
Below is a list of Sheriffs of Huntingdon and Peterborough since the creation of that county in 1965 until its abolition in 1974:

1965–1966: Oscar Ernest Johnson, of Rippington Manor, Great Gransden, near Sandy, Bedfordshire.

1966–1967: Lieut-Colonel Peter Esmé Brassey, of The Close House, Barnack, Stamford, Lincs.

1967–1968: Commander Charles Francis Alington, RN, of Hemingford Park, Hemingford Abbots, Huntingdon.

1968–1969: Allan Ivor Baker,, of 29 Westwood Park Road, Peterborough.

1969–1970: John Jenkins Goodliff, of The Cedars, Houghton, Huntingdon.

1970–1971: Lieut-Colonel Darrell John Robert Moore, of Wennington Lodge, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon.

1971–1972: Richard Maynard Maris, of The Old Rectory, Alwalton, Peterborough.

1972–1973: John Patteson Strong, of The Croft, Tilbrook, Huntingdonshire.

1973–1974: Geoffrey Walford Wilks,  of Walnut House, Ufford, Stamford, Lincs.

Great Gransden
Great Gransden is a civil parish and village in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. In 2001, the parish population was 969, which rose to 1,023 at the 2011 Census. It lies 16 miles (25 km) west of Cambridge and 13 miles (21 km) south of Huntingdon. It contains the oldest post mill in England.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 80
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 80 (P. Oxy. 80) is a police report, written in Greek. The manuscript was written between A.D. 238 and 234 on a sheet of papyrus, 168 by 70 mm. It was discovered at the site of ancient Oxyrhynchus by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897, and published the following year.  The manuscript is housed in the library of Winchester College.

The report is addressed to the chiefs of the police at Oxyrhynchus. Probably it was written by a local inspector (ἀρχέφοδος), whose name is unknown.

Bernard Pyne Grenfell
Bernard Pyne Grenfell FBA (16 December 1869 – 18 May 1926) was an English scientist and egyptologist. Excavations he did with Arthur Surridge Hunt uncovered manuscripts including the oldest Oxyrhynchus Papyri.