hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holkerian
The Holkerian is a sub-stage of the Viséan stage of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geological timescale. It is one of five sub-stages commonly used in the Viséan stage within stratigraphy by British, Irish and other geologists outside the US and Asia.

As part of the Viséan, Holkerian rocks were formed about 339 to 335 million years ago, in the Early Carboniferous subperiod. Rock formations laid down in this time were frequently different types of fossiliferous limestone. The material for all these rocks was laid down in warm, sub-tropical marine conditions of the time when north-western Europe was close to the equator.

Fossiliferous limestone
Fossiliferous limestone is a type of limestone that contains noticeable quantities of fossils or fossil traces. If a particular type of fossil dominates, a more specialized term can be used as in "Crinoidal", "Coralline", "Conchoidal" limestone. If seashells, shell fragments, and shell sand form a significant part of the rock, a term "shell limestone" is used.

The fossils in these rocks may be of macroscopic or microscopic size. The sort of macroscopic fossils often include crinoid stems, brachiopods, gastropods, and other hard shelled mollusk remains.

In some cases, microfossils such as siliceous diatom shells in deposition may convert over time to opal and chert, providing the only inferred evidence of bioactivity preserved in limestone.

Fossiliferous limestone is termed biosparite under the Folk classification of sedimentary rocks.

Lagerstätte are a class of fossil bearing rocks that includes fossiliferous limestone.
Pierre-sur-Haute
Pierre-sur-Haute (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ syʁ ot]; Occitan: Pèira sèrra auta) is the highest point of the Forez mountains (1,631 m) in the Massif Central, at the boundary of the Loire (Sauvain) and Puy-de-Dôme (Job) departments. It is also the highest point in the Loire department.

Loire (department)
Loire (/lwɑːr/; French pronunciation: [lwaʁ]; Arpitan: Lêre; Occitan: Léger or Leir) is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France occupying the river Loire's upper reaches. Its prefecture is Saint-Étienne. It had a population of 765,634 in 2019.
Penelope Heyns
Penelope ("Penny") Heyns OIS (born 8 November 1974) is a South African former swimmer, who is best known for being the only woman in the history of the Olympic Games to have won both the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke events – at the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games – making her South Africa's first post-apartheid Olympic gold medallist following South Africa's re-admission to the Games in 1992. Along with Australian champion Leisel Jones, Heyns is regarded as one of the greatest breaststroke swimmers.

Order of Ikhamanga
The Order of Ikhamanga is a South African civilian honour that recognises achievements in arts, culture, literature, music, journalism, and sports. Before the order was established on 30 November 2003, such achievements were recognised by the Order of the Baobab. The Order of Ikhamanga is granted by the President of South Africa to South African citizens. Ikhamanga is the Xhosa name for Strelitzia reginae, a flower.
Adam Matthew Digital
Adam Matthew Digital is an academic publisher based in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has been an independent subsidiary of SAGE Publications since 2012.

The company specializes in online primary source databases and curated collections for the humanities and social sciences. Its corporate offices are in Marlborough, Wiltshire.

Marlborough, Wiltshire
Marlborough (/ˈmɔːlbərə/ ⓘ MAWL-bər-ə, is a market town and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire on the Old Bath Road, the old main road from London to Bath. The town is on the River Kennet, 24 miles (39 km) north of Salisbury and 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Swindon. In 2021 it had a population of 9129.
Peter Fenton (venture capitalist)
Peter Fenton (born July 1972) is an American venture capitalist based in Silicon Valley. He is a general partner at Benchmark, a venture capital firm. Fenton has been a perennial member on the Forbes Midas List since 2007, earning the number 2 spot in 2015.

New Relic
New Relic, Inc. is an American web tracking and analytics company based in San Francisco. The company's cloud-based software allows websites and mobile apps to track user interactions and service operators' software and hardware performance.

In November 2023, private equity firms Francisco Partners and TPG Inc. acquired New Relic for approximately $6.5 billion.
Alfred Dewdney
Christianity portal

The Right Reverend Alfred Daniel Alexander Dewdney (31 March 1863 – 21 April 1945) was a Canadian Anglican priest who served as Bishop of Keewatin from 1921 to 1938.

Dewdney was born on 31 March 1863. He was educated at the University of Toronto and ordained in 1887. In his early ministry he held positions at Port Burwell, Durham and Mitchell. He was later Rector of St Alban's Cathedral, Prince Albert and then a lecturer at Emmanuel College, University of Toronto until 1921 when he became Bishop of Keewatin.

Dewdney retired in 1938 and died on 21 April 1945.

Emmanuel College, Toronto
Emmanuel College is the theological college of Victoria University in the University of Toronto, located on its St. George campus in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Affiliated with the United Church of Canada, it is also a member institution of the Toronto School of Theology. The college's principal is HyeRan Kim-Cragg.

Emmanuel College is a member of the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada.
1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle
33°51′2.2″S 151°4′1″E﻿ / ﻿33.850611°S 151.06694°E﻿ / -33.850611; 151.06694

The women's 50 metre freestyle competition at the 1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 28–29 at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was Le Jingyi of China.

This race consisted of one length of the pool in freestyle.

Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre
The Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre (SOPAC), formerly Sydney International Aquatic Centre (SIAC), is a swimming venue located in the Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Built in 1994, the SOPAC was a major venue for the 2000 Summer Olympics as it hosted the swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, the medal events for water polo, and the swimming portion of the modern pentathlon competitions. The SOPAC has since been a host venue for numerous schools and swimming associations around New South Wales. Currently, it has most notably been the venue for the annual CAS Swimming Championships. It is also scheduled to be the site of the 2022 Duel in the Pool. The SOPAC also includes a swim shop at the entry of the arena, a play area, a health club and operates swimming classes for all ages.

The arena currently holds 10,000 people. Capacity was boosted to 17,000 during the 2000 Summer Olympics.
BulgariaSat-1
BulgariaSat-1 is a geostationary communications satellite operated by Bulgaria Sat and manufactured by SSL. The satellite will provide high definition and ultra-high-definition television, very-small-aperture terminal (VSAT) communications, satellite news gathering relays, and other communications services, primarily to the Balkan Peninsula and Central/Western Europe.

Electronic news gathering
Electronic news gathering (ENG) or electronic journalism (EJ) is usage of  electronic video and audio technologies by reporters to gather and present news instead of using film cameras. The term was coined during the rise of videotape technology in the 1970s. ENG can involve anything from a single reporter with a single professional video camera, to an entire television crew  taking a truck on location.
1901 Kentucky University football team
The 1901 Kentucky University Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented Kentucky University, now known as Transylvania University, during the 1901 college football season. Hogan Yancey was on the team.

1901 college football season
The 1901 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with NCAA-designated "major selectors" retroactively selecting Michigan and Harvard as national champions. The NCAA records book erroneously lists Yale as Parke H. Davis's selection. Harvard beat Yale 22–0 the last game of the year.
Stanley Mission
Stanley Mission (Woods Cree: ᐋᒪᒋᐑᐢᐱᒧᐏᓂᕽ, romanized: âmaciwîspimowinihk, lit. 'at the place for shooting arrows up a cliff') is a First Nations settlement in the boreal forest northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Its location is on the banks of the Churchill River, 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of the town of La Ronge, 305 kilometres (190 mi) north of Prince Albert. Access is provided by Highway 915.

The community consists of the northern settlement of Stanley Mission with a population of 124 and Stanley 157, an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band band government with a population of 1,634.

Woods Cree
Woods Cree is an indigenous language spoken in Northern Manitoba, Northern Saskatchewan and Northern Alberta, Canada. It is part of the Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi dialect continuum. The dialect continuum has around 116,000 speakers; the exact population of Woods Cree speakers is unknown, estimated between 2,600 and 35,000.
Revue des études byzantines
The Revue des études byzantines is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal covering the study of Greek Christianity and especially Byzantine civilization. It was established in 1897 as Échos d'Orient, renamed Études byzantines in (with volume numbering restarting at 1), and obtaining its current title in 1946. The journal is published by Peeters on behalf of the Institut français d'études byzantines (Paris) and the editor-in-chief is Olivier Delouis.

Peeters Publishers
Peeters Publishers is an international academic publisher founded in Leuven in 1857, joining a tradition of book printing in Leuven dating back to the 15th century. Peeters publishes 200 new titles and 75 journals a year. Humanities and social sciences are the main fields of the publishing house, with series focusing on Biblical studies, Religious studies, Patristics, Classical and Oriental studies, Egyptology, Philosophy, Ethics, Medieval studies, and the Arts.
2006 Arizona's 8th congressional district election
The 2006 Arizona 8th congressional district election was an election for the United States House of Representatives for the open seat of incumbent Republican Jim Kolbe, who was not running for re-election. The primary was held on September 12, 2006, and the two major party winners were Republican Randy Graf, a former state Representative who challenged Kolbe for the GOP nomination in 2004, and former State Senator Gabby Giffords. Libertarian Dave Nolan, who was uncontested in the primary, was also in the November 7, 2006, general election.

Graf was considered too conservative for the district. Kolbe withheld his endorsement, and towards the end of the election, the National GOP pulled their support. By election time, most non-partisan analyses considered this race the most likely district to switch hands, which it did, as Giffords won a decisive victory, 54% to 42%.

Steve Huffman (Arizona politician)
Steve Huffman is an American politician who is a former member of the Arizona House of Representatives, serving from January 1999 until January 2007. He was first elected to the House in November 1998, representing District 12,: viii–ix  and won re-election to that district in 2000.: viii–ix  After redistricting in 2002, Huffman was reelected in both 2002, now representing District 26, and 2004.: viii–ix : viii–ix
Linda Bartoshuk
Linda May Bartoshuk (born 1938) is an American psychologist. She was born in rural South Dakota in 1938. She is a Presidential Endowed Professor of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science at the University of Florida.  She is an internationally known researcher specializing in the chemical senses of taste and smell, having discovered that some people are supertasters.

Sense of smell
The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived. The sense of smell has many functions, including detecting desirable foods, hazards, and pheromones, and plays a role in taste.

In humans, it occurs when an odor binds to a receptor within the nasal cavity, transmitting a signal through the olfactory system. Glomeruli aggregate signals from these receptors and transmit them to the olfactory bulb, where the sensory input will start to interact with parts of the brain responsible for smell identification, memory, and emotion.

There are many different things which can interfere with a normal sense of smell, including damage to the nose or smell receptors, anosmia, upper respiratory infections, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative disease.
Värmdö Municipality
Värmdö Municipality (Swedish: Värmdö kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is in the town of Gustavsberg, with a population of 9,682 (2005), on the main island at an elevation of 37 metres (121 ft).

The municipality is named after the main island Värmdön, 180 km2 (69 sq mi) in size.

The municipality in its present form was created in 1974, when "old" Värmdö was amalgamated with Gustavsberg (which had been detached from it in 1902) and Djurö.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
Dreamkeeper
Dreamkeeper is a 2003 film written by John Fusco and directed by Steve Barron. The main plot of the film is the conflict between a Lakota elder and storyteller named Pete Chasing Horse (August Schellenberg) and his Lakota grandson, Shane Chasing Horse (Eddie Spears).

The plot unwinds as the two travel from Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota to the All Nations powwow in Albuquerque, New Mexico, a trip the grandson takes only under duress. Along the way, the grandfather tells his grandson various Indian stories and legends to help him understand and choose the "good red road," i.e. to embrace an Indian identity.

Gathering of Nations
The Gathering of Nations is the largest pow-wow in the United States and North America. It is held annually on the fourth weekend in April, on the Powwow Grounds at Expo NM, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Over 565 tribes from around the United States and 220 from Canada travel to Albuquerque to participate. Tens of thousands of spectators attend each year. The event has a significant economic impact, generating approximately $24 million for Albuquerque in 2019. The Gathering of Nations employs nearly 300 people during the event. The parent company, Gathering of Nations, Ltd. produces the annual powwow. The pow-wow in 2026 will be the final year that the event is held, according to Gathering of Nations Ltd.
Pater Noster (film)
Pater Noster (also known as Our Father...; Finnish: Isä meidän) is a 1993 Finnish black-and-white drama film written and directed by Veikko Aaltonen. It tells the story of a young man returning to his childhood home, who decides to face painful memories related to his formerly abusive but today demented father. The film stars Hannu Kivioja, Martti Katajisto and Elina Hurme.

In 1994, the film received three Jussi Awards: Hannu Kivioja for best actor, Veikko Aaltonen for best director and Olavi Tuomi for best cinematography. In the same year, Aaltonen won the FIPRESCI Prize at the Stockholm International Film Festival and the Young Audience Awards at the Rouen Nordic Film Festival with his film. The film has also been shown at the Berlin International Film Festival.

Jussi Award for Best Actor
The Jussi Award for Best Actor was an award presented annually at the Jussi Awards, the premier film industry event in Finland, between 1944 and 2022. In the spring of 2022, Filmiaura's board introduced the gender-neutral Jussi Award for Best Leading Performance, which started from the 76th Jussi Awards in 2023. The 1st Jussi Awards ceremony was held in 1944, with Joel Rinne winning the first Jussi Award for Best Actor for his performance in Kirkastettu sydän, and Petri Poikolainen was the last winner in The Blind Man Who Did Not Want to See Titanic at the 75th Jussi Awards in 2022.
Saka, Latvia
Saka (Latvian: Saka, until 1918 German: Sackenhausen) is a village in South Kurzeme Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia, the administrative center of Saka Parish. Located at the confluence of the rivers Durba and Tebra, forming the river Saka. The regional highway P111 (Ventspils — Grobiņa) passes nearby. The distance to the city Liepāja is about 52 km.

According to the data for 2017, 33 people lived in the settlement.

There is a Parish administration, a library, a guest house, Lutheran and Baptist churches.

Courland
Courland is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. Courland's largest city is Liepāja, which is the third largest city in Latvia.

The literal meaning of the name is "Land of Curonians".
1797 State of the Union Address
The 1797 State of the Union Address was delivered by John Adams, second president of the United States, on Wednesday, November 22, 1797, in the Congress Hall of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At the time of the address, sickness was spreading through Philadelphia and Adams notes in his introduction that he was tempted to relocate the assembly of the national legislature but avoided this due to inevitable expense and general inconvenience.

Congress Hall
Congress Hall, located in Philadelphia at the intersection of Chestnut and 6th Streets, served as the seat of the United States Congress from December 6, 1790, to May 14, 1800. During Congress Hall's duration as the capitol of the United States, the country admitted three new states, Vermont, Kentucky, and Tennessee; ratified the Bill of Rights of the United States Constitution; and oversaw the presidential inaugurations of both George Washington (his second) and John Adams.

Congress Hall was restored in the 20th century to its original appearance of 1796. The building is now managed by the National Park Service within the Independence National Historical Park and is open for public tours. Congress Hall is conjoined with Independence Hall, which is adjacent to the east.
A Journey (film)
A Journey is a 2024 Philippine drama film directed by RC Delos Reyes from a story and screenplay written by Rona Lean Sales, with Erwin Blanco co-wrote the former. It stars Paolo Contis, Kaye Abad and Patrick Garcia in their comeback movie. The film features one of the Philippines' iconic rivers, located in Pagsanjan, Laguna, where Paolo, Kaye, Patrick and Desiree shoot their television teen drama series Tabing Ilog.

Jimmy Santos (actor)
Jaime Santos (born October 8, 1951), professionally known as Jimmy Santos, is a Filipino actor, comedian, television host, former professional basketball player and vlogger. He is one of the hosts from Eat Bulaga! from 1983 until 2022.
Time Lock
Time Lock is a 1957 British thriller film directed by Gerald Thomas and starring Vincent Winter, Lee Patterson and Betty McDowall. It was written by Peter Rogers based on the CBC Television General Motors Theatre play of the same title by Arthur Hailey. It features a young, pre-James Bond Sean Connery. The film follows the attempt to rescue a six-year-old boy who is accidentally locked in a bank vault. The film was released in 1957 on a double bill with Ed Wood's Plan 9 From Outer Space (1957).

Betty McDowall
Betty McDowall (14 August 1924 – 31 December 1993) was an Australian stage, film and television actress. She was born in Sydney, New South Wales in 1924.

McDowall began her career as an actress on stage and radio in Sydney. Her first film, made in Australia, was the 1948 war drama Always Another Dawn, in which she played the female romantic lead.

Her television appearances include episodes of Z-Cars, The Saint and The Prisoner. On stage, she appeared in the West End premiere of Tennessee Williams' play Period of Adjustment at Wyndham's Theatre in 1962.

On the radio, she played Laura Archer in BBC Radio 4's long running soap The Archers.
Petite Etoile
Petite Etoile (1956 – after 1975) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. In a career which lasted from June 1958 until September 1961, she won fourteen of her nineteen races and finished second in the other five. After showing promising, but unexceptional form in 1958, she improved to be the British Horse of the Year in 1959, winning all six of her races, including the Classic 1000 Guineas and Epsom Oaks. She remained in training for two further seasons, winning major races including consecutive runnings of the Coronation Cup.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Francisco Avitia
Francisco Avitia Tapia (13 May 1915 – 29 June 1995), commonly known as "El Charro Avitia", was a Mexican singer, primarily of ranchera and corrido genres. His best known songs include "Maquina 501," "Caballo alazán lucero," and "El Muchacho Alegre". He also acted in films such as Primero soy mexicano (1950) and El zurdo (1965). 
Avitia was born in Pilar de Conchos (Valle de Zaragoza), Chihuahua, and at the age of six his family moved to Ciudad Juárez. He died from cardiac arrest in a Mexico City hospital at the age of 80.

Ranchera
Ranchera (pronounced [ranˈtʃeɾa]) or canción ranchera is a genre of traditional music of Mexico. It dates to before the years of the Mexican Revolution. Rancheras today are played in the vast majority of regional Mexican music styles. Drawing on rural traditional folk music, the ranchera developed as a symbol of a new national consciousness in reaction to the aristocratic tastes of the period.
The Burning Room
The Burning Room is the 27th novel by American crime author Michael Connelly, and the 17th novel featuring Los Angeles Police Department detective Harry Bosch. The book was published by Little, Brown and Company on November 3, 2014.

The novel and The Concrete Blonde formed the basis for the 2021 seventh season of Bosch, starring Titus Welliver as Bosch.

Little, Brown and Company
Little, Brown and Company is an American publishing company founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and James Brown in Boston. It publishes works by American authors. Early lists featured Emily Dickinson's poetry and Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. Since 2006, Little, Brown and Company is a division of the Hachette Book Group.