hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Powell (Irish politician)
Thomas P. Powell (16 April 1892 – 20 June 1971) was an Irish politician. A national schoolteacher, he was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway constituency at the June 1927 general election. He was re-elected at the September 1927 and 1932 general elections. He lost his seat at the 1933 general election. He stood unsuccessfully as an independent candidate at the 1961 general election for the Galway West constituency.

September 1927 Irish general election
The September 1927 Irish general election to the 6th Dáil was held on Thursday, 15 September, following the dissolution of the 5th Dáil on 25 August by Governor-General Tim Healy on the request of President of the Executive Council W. T. Cosgrave.

The 6th Dáil met on 11 October 1927 to nominate the president and Executive Council of the Irish Free State for appointment by the Governor-General. Cosgrave was re-appointed leading a new minority government of Cumann na nGaedheal with the support of the Farmers' Party.
Ashok Kushwaha
Ashok Kumar better known as Ashok Kushwaha is a former Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from the Sasaram Assembly constituency. He was a member of Rashtriya Janata Dal, and was elected in the 2000 Bihar assembly elections as well as the 2015 Bihar assembly elections. Kumar shifted his allegiance to Janata Dal (United) (JDU) prior to 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election and was made a candidate of JDU from Sasaram constituency against Rajesh Kumar Gupta of Rashtriya Janata Dal. However, he was defeated in the 2020 elections. In 2015 assembly elections, Kumar had defeated Jawahar Prasad of Bhartiya Janata Party.

Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD, lit. 'National People's Party') is an Indian political party, mainly based in the state of Bihar. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.

The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of the lower castes. In 2008, RJD received the status of recognized national level party following its performance in north-eastern states. RJD was derecognised as a national party on 30 July 2010. Leading the Mahagathbandhan alliance with 35 MLAs, it is currently the official opposition in Bihar. RJD is part of Ruling Government in Jharkhand and Kerala with its allies in Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) and LDF respectively.
Eliza T. Dresang
Eliza Timberlake Dresang (October 21, 1941 – April 21, 2014) was an American professor of Library Science who studied fundamental changes in children's literature because of digital format. Dresang was the Beverly Cleary Professor in Children and Youth Services at the University of Washington Information School. She died on April 21, 2014, in Seattle.

University of Washington Information School
The Information School (abbreviated as iSchool) is the information school of the University of Washington, a public research university in Seattle, Washington. Formerly the Graduate School of Library and Information Sciences since 1984, the Information School changed its focus and name in 2001.

The school offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including a BS in Informatics, a Master of Library Science MLIS degree, a Master of Science in Information Management, a Museology MA, and a PhD in Information Science.
Cristina Buarque
Maria Christina Buarque de Holanda (December 23, 1950 – April 20, 2025) was a Brazilian singer and composer. She was the daughter of historian Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and sister of Chico Buarque, Miúcha and Ana de Hollanda.

Buarque died of complications arising from the cancer for which she was being treated at her residence on Paquetá Island, on April 20, 2025. She was 74. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva mourned the loss of Cristina, whom he called: “a talented singer and songwriter, who played an extraordinary role in Brazilian music by interpreting the songs of some of the most important composers of Rio's samba, helping the poetry and rhythm of Rio's hills to conquer the hearts of Brazilians.”

Paquetá Island
Paquetá Island (Portuguese: Ilha de Paquetá) is an island in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. The name of the island is a Tupi word meaning "many pacas". The island is an auto-free zone, so travel is limited to bicycles and horse-drawn carriages. Paquetá has twenty baobabs (a type of African tree).
Pustoshkinsky District
Pustoshkinsky District (Russian: Пусто́шкинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Bezhanitsky District in the north, Novosokolnichesky District in the east, Nevelsky District in the south, Sebezhsky District in the west, and with Opochetsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,870 square kilometers (720 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pustoshka. Population: 9,379 (2010 Census); 12,071 (2002 Census); 14,063 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pustoshka accounts for 49.2% of the district's total population.

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Best U.S. Olympian ESPY Award
The Best U.S. Olympian ESPY Award was presented in 2002 and 2006 to the sportsperson or team, irrespective of gender, affiliated with the United States Olympic Committee and contesting sport internationally adjudged to be the best.  The award serves in practice to replace the gender-specific Best Male and Best Female Olympic Performance ESPY Awards, which were presented in 2005.  The Best U.S. Male Olympian ESPY Award and Best U.S. Female Olympian ESPY Award superseded this award.

Balloting for the award is undertaken by fans over the Internet from amongst between three and five choices selected by the ESPN Select Nominating Committee, and the award is conferred in June to reflect performance and achievement over the twelve months previous.

Team sport
A team sport is a type of sport where the fundamental nature of the game or sport requires the participation of multiple individuals working together as a team, and it is inherently impossible or highly impractical to execute the sport as a single-player endeavour. In team sports, the cooperative effort of team members is essential for the sport to function and achieve its objectives. The objective often involves teammates facilitating the movement of a ball or similar bob in accordance with a set of rules in order to score points. Examples are basketball, volleyball, rugby league, rugby union, water polo, handball, lacrosse, cricket, baseball, and the various forms of football and hockey. These sports emphasize teamwork, strategy, and coordination among team members while competing against opposing teams to achieve a common goal. Team sports do not include individual or individual-to-team events within a sport.
The Canterbury Guests
The Canterbury Guests; or, A Bargain Broken is a 1694 comedy play by the English writer Edward Ravenscroft. It was the only new work performed by the United Company that autumn, amidst tensions that eventually led to a split.

The original cast included Cave Underhill as Sir Barnaby Buffler, William Bowen as Justice Greedy, John Verbruggen as Lovell, George Powell as Carless, Thomas Dogget as Dash, William Pinkethman as Jack Sawce, Thomas Kent as Toby, George Bright as Durzo, Jane Rogers as Jacinta, Susanna Verbruggen as Hillaria, Abigail Lawson as Mrs Dazie, Frances Maria Knight as Arabella and Mary Kent as Mrs Breeder. The incidental music was composed by Henry Purcell.

William Pinkethman
William Pinkethman (also Penkethman, Pinkeman, Pinkerman, etc.; nicknamed Pinkey, c.1660–1725) was an English comic actor, a low comedian with a droll style, and theatre manager. He was considered an imitator of Anthony Leigh.

Starting in the 1690s Penkethman performed with the United Company at Drury Lane. He largely played small roles, then became known for his delivery of prologues and epilogues in plays. He was known for performing riding a donkey. He later opened a theatre at Richmond.
Coat of arms of Sogn og Fjordane
The coat of arms of Sogn og Fjordane is an official symbol of Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.

The coat of arms features the geographical layout of the county. The three blue peaks on  a silver background symbolize the three fjords of the county: Nordfjord, Sunnfjord, and Sognefjord.  The name of the county is derived from these fjords. Nearly all villages, towns and population centers are situated on one of these fjords.

The coat of arms was introduced on 23 September 1983. It is almost exclusively used by the County Administration and use by others must be approved by them in advance.  A banner of the coat of arms is used as the county flag.

Sognefjord
The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ], English: Sogn Fjord), nicknamed the King of the Fjords (Norwegian: Fjordenes konge), is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway. Located in Vestland county in Western Norway, it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to the small village of Skjolden in Luster Municipality.

The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn. The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck",  presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord.
Spiritual naturalism
Spiritual naturalism, or naturalistic spirituality combines a naturalist philosophy with spirituality. Spiritual naturalism may have first been proposed by Joris-Karl Huysmans in 1895 in his book En Route.

Coming into prominence as a writer during the 1870s, Huysmans quickly established himself among a rising group of writers, the so-called Naturalist school, of whom Émile Zola was the acknowledged head...With Là-bas (1891), a novel which reflected the aesthetics of the spiritualist revival and the contemporary interest in the occult, Huysmans formulated for the first time an aesthetic theory which sought to synthesize the mundane and the transcendent: "spiritual Naturalism".

Long before the term spiritual naturalism was coined by Huysmans, there is evidence of the value system of spiritual naturalism in Stoicism: "Virtue consists in a will that is in agreement with Nature".

Naturalism (literature)
Naturalism is a literary movement beginning in the late nineteenth century, similar to literary realism in its rejection of Romanticism, but distinct in its embrace of determinism, detachment, scientific objectivism, and social commentary. Literary naturalism emphasizes observation and the scientific method in the fictional portrayal of reality. Naturalism includes detachment, in which the narrator maintains an impersonal tone and disinterested point of view; determinism, which is defined as the opposite of free will, in which a character's fate has been decided, even predetermined, by impersonal forces of nature beyond human control; and a sense that the universe itself is indifferent to human life. The novel would be an experiment where the author could discover and analyze the forces, or scientific laws, that influenced behavior, and these included emotion, heredity, and environment. The movement largely traces to the theories of French author Émile Zola.
Phnoum
Phnoum was a cenobitic monastery established by Pachomius the Great during the 4th century A.D. Located near Latopolis in Upper Egypt, it was the southernmost of the nine Pachomian monasteries.

According to the Bohairic Life of Pachomius (58),: 78  the construction of the monastery created tensions between the local Egyptian pagans and the Christian monks.

Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt (Arabic: صعيد مصر Ṣaʿīd Miṣr, shortened to الصعيد, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [es.sˤe.ˈʕiːd], locally: [es.sˤɑ.ˈʕiːd]) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel North. It thus starts at Beni Suef and stretches down to Lake Nasser (formed by the Aswan High Dam).
Allentown branch
The Allentown branch, also known as the Kutztown branch or the Kutztown industrial track, is a railway line in Pennsylvania. It runs 4 miles (6.4 km) from a junction with the Reading Line at Topton to Kutztown. The line was built in 1870 by the Allentown Railroad and was part of the Reading Company system until 1976. The Kutztown Transportation Authority has owned the line since 2000. The Allentown and Auburn Railroad is the current operator.

United States Railway Association
The United States Railway Association (USRA) was a government-owned corporation created by United States federal law that oversaw the creation of Conrail, a railroad corporation that would acquire and operate bankrupt and other failing freight railroads. USRA operated from 1974 to 1986.
Highway 1, USA (Still)
Highway 1, USA is an American opera in one act with music by William Grant Still and libretto by Verna Arvey.  Originally composed during the 1940s with the title A Southern Interlude, the opera received its premiere under its revised and definitive title in 1963.

Verna Arvey
Verna Arvey (February 16, 1910 – November 22, 1987) was an American librettist, pianist and writer who is best known for her musical collaborations with her husband William Grant Still, a musician and composer.
Singapore at the 1982 Asian Games
Singapore participated in the 1982 Asian Games held in New Delhi, India from 19 November to 4 December 1982. Singapore ranked 16th with 1 gold and 2 bronze medals with a total of 3 over-all medals.

Singapore sent 64 athletes to compete in New Delhi. National water polo team coach, Tan Eng Bock, was assigned as chef de mission for the contingent. On the eve of the games, Tan revealed the target of meeting the same number of medals at the 1978 Asian Games, two golds, one bronze and four silver medals.

Singapore men's national water polo team
The Singapore men's national water polo team is the representative for Singapore in international men's water polo.

Singapore won the gold medal in the 1954 Asian Games, beating favourite Japan, 4–2 in the finals. In the 1986 Asian Games, Singapore won the bronze medal on better goal difference comparing to the 4th placed team Iran.

At the Southeast Asian Games, Singapore has traditionally been the dominant team as they won 27 consecutive gold medals. The streak finally ended at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games when they ceded the title to Indonesia.

2019 head coach was Dejan Milakovic whereas team captain was Koh Jian Ying. 2023, Singapore regain the top spot at the games winning the gold medal again. Head coach is Kan Aoyagi.
Luigi Luzzatti
Luigi Luzzatti (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi lutˈtsatti]; 11 March 1841 – 29 March 1927) was an Italian financier, political economist, social philosopher, and jurist. He served as the 20th prime minister of Italy between 1910 and 1911.

Luzzatti came from a wealthy and cultured Jewish family and built a reputation as a social reformer dedicated to raise the working classes from ignorance and poverty. He is remembered being the founder of the Italian credit union movement and for his book Dio nella libertà (God in Freedom), in which he advocates religious tolerance.  This provoked an exchange of correspondence between him and Benedetto Croce.

Religious tolerance
Religious tolerance or religious toleration may signify "no more than forbearance and the permission given by the adherents of a dominant religion for other religions to exist, even though the latter are looked on with disapproval as inferior, mistaken, or harmful". Historically, most incidents and writings pertaining to toleration involve the status of minority and dissenting viewpoints in relation to a dominant state religion.  However, religion is also sociological, and the practice of toleration has always had a political aspect as well.: xiii

An overview of the history of toleration and different cultures in which toleration has been practiced, and the ways in which such a paradoxical concept has developed into a guiding one, illuminates its contemporary use as political, social, religious, and ethnic, applying to LGBT individuals and other minorities, and other connected concepts such as human rights.
Mriganka Sur
Mriganka Sur (born 1953 in Fatehgarh, India) is an Indian neuroscientist. He is the Newton Professor of Neuroscience and Director of the Simons Center for the Social Brain at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is also a visiting faculty member in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras and N.R. Narayana Murthy Distinguished Chair in Computational Brain Research at the Centre for Computational Brain Research, IIT Madras. He was on the Life Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2010 and has been serving as jury chair from 2018.

Infosys Prize
The Infosys Prize is an annual award granted to scientists, researchers, engineers and social scientists of Indian origin (not necessarily born in India) by the Infosys Science Foundation and ranks among the highest monetary awards for research in India. The prize for each category includes a gold medallion, a citation certificate, and prize money of US$100,000 (or equivalent in Indian Rupees). The prize purse is tax free for winners living in India. The winners are selected by the jury of their respective categories, headed by the jury chairs.

In 2008, the prize was jointly awarded by the Infosys Science Foundation and National Institute of Advanced Studies for mathematics. The following year, three additional categories were added: Life Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences and Social Sciences. In 2010, Engineering and Computer Science was added as a category. In 2012, a sixth category, Humanities, was added.
Arvo Jantunen
Arvo Johannes Jantunen (April 29, 1929 – July 20, 2018) was a Finnish basketball player and coach who also played handball, football and pesäpallo at the national top-tier level. In basketball, Jantunen represented Tampereen Pyrintö that has retired his jersey. He also played for Finnish national team in three EuroBasket editions.

EuroBasket 1959
The 1959 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1959, was the eleventh FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship, held by FIBA Europe. The tournament, which was hosted by Turkey, began on 21 May 1959 and concluded with the final on 31 May 1959. Seventeen national teams affiliated with the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) entered the competition. Mithat Paşa Stadium, Istanbul was the location of the event.

The Soviet Union claimed their fifth EuroBasket title, while Czechoslovakia captured the silver, and France the bronze.
Fumika Sasano
Fumika Sasano (笹野 文香, Sasano Fumika, born 26 June 1997) is a Japanese ice hockey player and member of the Japanese national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) with AIK Hockey.

AIK Hockey (women)
AIK Hockey or AIK IF is a semi-professional ice hockey team in the Nationella Damhockeyligan (NDHL). They play in the Solna Municipality of Stockholm, Sweden at Ritorps Ishall (also known as the ishall of Ulriksdals idrottsplats, lit. 'Ulriksdal sports ground(s)').

AIK Hockey are two time champions of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), the top flight of Swedish's women's ice hockey, which the team played in from 2008 until being relegated in the post-season of the 2023–24 SDHL season.
World Cleanup Day
World Cleanup Day is a global social action program aimed at combating the global solid waste problem, including the problem of marine debris. It is held annually on 20 September, and is coordinated by the global organization Let's Do It! World, whose headquarters are located in Tallinn, Estonia.

World Cleanup Day includes litter cleanup and waste mapping activities spanning every time zone. Environmental cleanup events are held in nearly every country until concluding near the international date line in Hawaii and American Samoa. From 2024, World Cleanup Day has been declared an official UN holiday, and added to the official UN calendar of days and weeks.

Social action
In sociology, social action, also known as Weberian social action, is an act which takes into account the actions and reactions of individuals (or 'agents'). According to Max Weber, "Action is 'social' insofar as its subjective meaning takes account of the behavior of others and is thereby oriented in its course."
German submarine U-2538
German submarine U-2538 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 24 October 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, as yard number 2538. She was launched on 6 January 1945, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See  Heinrich Klapdor on 16 February 1945.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Penclawdd A.F.C.
Penclawdd A.F.C. is a Welsh football club based in Penclawdd, Swansea. The team currently plays in the Swansea Senior League Premier Division.

The club has competed in the Welsh Cup, most recently in 2023–24, where they lost to Penrhiwceiber Rangers in the second qualifying round.

The club also has a women's team, which has faced Cardiff City in the FAW Women's Cup.

Cardiff City F.C. (women)
Cardiff City Football Club Women (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Merched Dinas Caerdydd) is a women's football club based in Cardiff, Wales. Affiliated with Cardiff City, the club competes in the Adran Premier, the top tier of Welsh women's football.

Cardiff have won four league titles, five Welsh Cups and one Adran Trophy.
Bunny de Grandhomme
Hilary Laurence "Bunny" de Grandhomme (5 August 1926 – 21 June 2002) was a Rhodesian first-class cricketer who played four first-class matches for Rhodesia in the 1940s.

De Grandhomme was part of the Rhodesia team that played a tour game against the touring Australian team in Bulawayo in November 1949. His nephew Laurence de Grandhomme also played first-class cricket matches in Zimbabwe and his great-nephew Colin de Grandhomme went on to play for New Zealand in international cricket.

Laurence de Grandhomme
Laurence de Grandhomme (22 November 1956 – 13 December 2017) was a Zimbabwean cricketer. He played sixteen first-class and eight List A matches for Zimbabwe between 1979 and 1989. His son, Colin, played international cricket for New Zealand.