hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isethionic acid
Isethionic acid is an organosulfur compound containing an alkylsulfonic acid located beta to a hydroxy group. Its discovery is generally attributed to Heinrich Gustav Magnus, who prepared it by the action of solid sulfur trioxide on ethanol in 1833.
It is a white water-soluble solid used in the manufacture of certain surfactants and in the industrial production of taurine. It is most commonly available in the form of its sodium salt (sodium isethionate).

Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups. Both the negatively charged anion HO−, called hydroxide, and the neutral radical HO·, known as the hydroxyl radical, consist of an unbonded hydroxy group.

According to IUPAC definitions, the term hydroxyl refers to the hydroxyl radical (·OH) only, while the functional group −OH is called a hydroxy group.
Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (1975 film)
Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid (アンデルセン童話 にんぎょ姫, Anderusen Dōwa: Ningyo-hime; lit. 'Andersen's Fairy Tales: Princess Mermaid') is a Japanese anime film based on Hans Christian Andersen's 1837 fairy tale, released in 1975 by Toei Animation. This film is close to Andersen's story, notably in its preservation of the original and tragic ending. The two main protagonists are the youngest daughter of the royal family, Marina, and her best friend Fritz, an Atlantic dolphin calf. In Japan, this film was shown in the Toei Manga Matsuri (Toei Cartoon Festival) in 1975.

The film was later released in the United States, dubbed into English by G. G. Communications, Inc. and Prima Film, Inc., in January of 1979, under the title: Hans Christian Anderson's The Little Mermaid (Andersen's name would be correctly spelled in subsequent releases).

Comedy podcast RiffTrax (Michael J. Nelson, Bill Corbett and Kevin Murphy) recorded and released a riff in 2024.

The Little Mermaid
"The Little Mermaid" (Danish: Den lille havfrue), sometimes translated in English as "The Little Sea Maid", is a literary fairy tale written by Danish author Hans Christian Andersen. Originally published in 1837 as part of a collection of fairy tales for children, the story follows the journey of a young mermaid princess who is willing to give up her life in the sea as a mermaid to gain a human soul.

The original story has been the subject of multiple analyses by scholars such as Jacob Bøggild and Pernille Heegaard, as well as the folklorist Maria Tatar. These analyses cover various aspects of the story, from interpreting the themes to discussing why Andersen chose to write a tragic story with a happy ending. It has been adapted to various media, including musical theatre, anime, ballet, opera, and film. There is also a statue portraying the mermaid in Copenhagen, Denmark, where the story was written and first published.
Antonio Nafarrete
Antonio Gustilo Nafarrete (born February 22, 1969) is a Philippine Army general who has served as the 67th and incumbent Commanding General of the Philippine Army. Prior to his assumption to the position, Nafarrete previously served as commander of the AFP Western Mindanao Command, and also led two divisions, namely the 6th Infantry Division and the 1st Infantry Division.

Military Merit Medal (Philippines)
The Military Merit Medal is a military decoration of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.  The medal is awarded for heroic achievement or meritorious service during, or in support of military action against an enemy.
Server-sent events
Server-Sent Events (SSE) is a server push technology enabling a client to receive automatic updates from a server via an HTTP connection, and describes how servers can initiate data transmission towards clients once an initial client connection has been established. They are commonly used to send message updates or continuous data streams to a browser client and designed to enhance native, cross-browser streaming through a JavaScript API called EventSource, through which a client requests a particular URL in order to receive an event stream. The EventSource API is standardized as part of HTML Living Standard by the WHATWG. The media type for SSE is text/event-stream.

All modern browsers support server-sent events: Firefox 6+, Google Chrome 6+, Opera 11.5+, Safari 5+, Microsoft Edge 79+.
Since SSE does not use either persistent connections nor chunked transfer encoding, HTTP/1.1 is not a technical requirement.

Safari (web browser)
Safari is a web browser developed by Apple. It is built into several of Apple's operating systems, including macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and visionOS, and uses Apple's open-source browser engine WebKit, which was derived from KHTML.

Safari was introduced in an update to Mac OS X Jaguar in January 2003, and made the default web browser with the release of Mac OS X Panther that same year. It has been included with the iPhone since the first-generation iPhone in 2007. At that time, Safari was the fastest browser on the Mac. Between 2007 and 2012, Apple maintained a Windows version, but abandoned it due to low market share. In 2010, Safari 5 introduced a reader mode, extensions, and developer tools. Safari 11, released in 2017, added Intelligent Tracking Prevention, which uses artificial intelligence to block web tracking. Safari 13 added support for Apple Pay, and authentication with FIDO2 security keys. Its user interface was redesigned in Safari 15, Safari 18, and Safari 26.
1937 Pacific Southwest Championships
The 1937 Pacific Southwest Championships was a combined men's and women's amateur tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Los Angeles Tennis Club in Los Angeles, California in the United States. It was the 12th edition of the tournament and took place from September 19 through September 26, 1937. Don Budge and Alice Marble won the singles titles.

Gottfried von Cramm
Gottfried Alexander Maximilian Walter Kurt Freiherr[A] von Cramm (German: [ˈɡɔtfʁiːt fɔn ˈkʁam] ⓘ; 7 July 1909 – 8 November 1976) was a German tennis player who won the French Championships twice and reached the final of a Grand Slam singles tournament on five other occasions. He was ranked number 2 in the world in 1934 and 1936, and number 1 in the world in 1937. He was the first German to win a singles title at a Grand Slam tournament. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1977, which states that he is "most remembered for a gallant effort in defeat against Don Budge in the 1937 Interzone Final at Wimbledon".

Von Cramm had difficulties with the Nazi regime, which attempted to exploit his appearance and skill as a symbol of Aryan supremacy, but he refused to identify with Nazism. He was jailed briefly in 1938 for a homosexual affair.

Von Cramm figured briefly in the gossip columns as the sixth husband of Barbara Hutton, the Woolworth heiress.
Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil
Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil (also spelled Halit and Uşakizâde) (Turkish pronunciation: [haːˈlit ziˈjaː uˌʃaklɯˈɟil]; 1866 – 27 March 1945) was a Turkish author, poet, and playwright. A part of the Edebiyat-ı Cedide ("New Literature") movement of the late Ottoman Empire, he was the founder of and contributor to many literary movements and institutions, including his flagship Servet-i Fünun ("The Wealth of Knowledge") journal. He was a strong critic of the Sultan Abdul Hamid II, which led to the censorship of much of his work by the Ottoman government. His many novels, plays, short stories, and essays include his 1899 romance novel Aşk-ı Memnu ("Forbidden Love"), which has been adapted into an internationally successful television series of the same name.

Theatre of Turkey
Turkish theatre  refers to theater activities in Turkey. Turkey has four "major theatrical traditions": "folk theatre, popular theatre, court theater, and Western theater." Turkish folk theatre goes back thousands of years and has survived among rural communities. Popular theatre includes plays by live actors, puppet and shadow plays, and storytelling performances. An example for shadow play is Karagöz and Hacivat. Court theatre was the refined version of popular theatre. Beginning in the 19th century, Western theatre tradition started appearing in Turkey with the foundation of the Arevelian Tatron. Following the establishment of Turkish Republic, a state conservatory and the State Theatre Company were formed.
Shippensburg Raiders
The Shippensburg Raiders are the athletic teams that represent Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, located in Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports.

The Raiders are members of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) for all varsity sports. Shippensburg have been members of the PSAC since its foundation in 1951.

Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference
The Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level. The conference was originally formed in 1951 as the State Teachers Conference, and was temporarily named the Pennsylvania State Teachers College Conference in 1956 before assuming its current name in 1964.

The conference's 17 full-time members include 16 based in Pennsylvania and one in West Virginia. The conference's headquarters are in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, and staffed by a commissioner, two assistant commissioners, and a director of media relations.
Van Lamoen circle
In Euclidean plane geometry, the van Lamoen circle is a special circle associated with any given triangle .  It contains the circumcenters of the six triangles that are defined inside  by its three medians.

Specifically, let , ,  be the vertices of , and let  be its centroid (the intersection of its three medians).  Let , , and  be the midpoints of the sidelines , , and , respectively. It turns out that the circumcenters of the six triangles , , , , , and  lie on a common circle, which is the van Lamoen circle of .

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
A feather in your cap
The term a feather in your cap is an English idiomatic phrase believed to have derived from the general custom in some cultures of a warrior adding a new feather to their headgear for every enemy slain. Or in other cases from the custom of establishing the success of a hunter as being the first to bag a game bird by plucking off the feathers of that prey and placing them in the hat band.
The phrase today has altered to a more peaceful allusion, where it is used to refer to any laudable success or achievement by an individual that may help that person in the future.

Game (hunting)
Game or quarry are wild animals which are hunted for animal products (primarily meat), for recreation ("sporting"), or for trophies. The species of animals hunted as game varies in different parts of the world and by different local jurisdictions, though most are terrestrial mammals and birds. Fish caught non-commercially (recreational fishing) are also referred to as game fish.
New Mexico State Road 76
State Road 76 (NM 76) is a state highway in the US state of New Mexico. Its total length is approximately 29.8 miles (48.0 km). NM 76's western terminus is at NM 68 in Santa Cruz  and the eastern terminus is in Picuris Pueblo at NM 75.

Santa Cruz, New Mexico
Santa Cruz, historically known as Santa Cruz de la Cañada, is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 423 at the 2000 census.
Ninoy Aquino International Airport bullet-planting scandal
The Ninoy Aquino International Airport bullet-planting scandal, colloquially known as tanim-bala ("bullet planting") or laglag-bala ("bullet dropping"), was a scandal in the Philippines that began in September 2015 and lasted until early 2016, involving allegations that airport security personnel at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) in Metro Manila planted bullets in the luggage of passengers to extort money from them. Victims of the alleged plot were generally Overseas Filipino Workers, but also included non-Filipinos such as foreign tourists.

According to the Philippine National Police Aviation Security Group (PNP-AVSEGROUP), at least thirty cases of the scheme were recorded in 2015, while the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA) recorded only five such incidents. The government denied it was responsible for the scheme.

Department of Justice (Philippines)
The Department of Justice (Filipino: Kagawaran ng Katarungan, abbreviated as DOJ) is under the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for upholding the rule of law in the Philippines. It is the government's principal law agency, serving as its legal counsel and prosecution arm. It has its headquarters at the DOJ Building in Padre Faura Street, Ermita, Manila.

The department is led by the Secretary of Justice, nominated by the president of the Philippines and confirmed by the Commission on Appointments. The secretary is a member of the Cabinet. The agency is currently held by its Acting Secretary Usec. Fredderick A. Vida.
Penobscot Valley High School
Penobscot Valley High School (PVHS) is a 9–12 school serving approximately 140 students in Howland, Maine, United States. PVHS also employs approximately 28 teachers. PVHS is the only 9-12 school in School Administrative Unit 31.

School Administrative Unit 31
School Administrative Unit 31, or SAU 31 is a school district that serves the Maine towns of Lowell, Burlington, Edinburg, Enfield, Howland, Maxfield, and Passadumkeag. A total of 3 schools are managed in the school district, and there is a total number of 652 students between the 3 schools. The districts total revenue is $7,708,000. The districts total revenue per student is $11,823. Currently, the three schools are in two separate buildings. ESS, the elementary school, is located in West Enfield, while the other two schools are located in Howland.
2021 Rock Cup
The 2021 Gibtelecom Rock Cup was a single-leg knockout tournament contested by clubs from Gibraltar, with twelve clubs participating. The winner of the competition qualified to compete in the 2021–22 UEFA Europa Conference League.

Europa were the defending champions after defeating Gibraltar United by a score of 3–0 in the 2019 final. There was no 2020 winner, as the tournament was abandoned after 2 rounds due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Europa F.C.
Europa FC is a professional football club from Gibraltar that competes in the Gibraltar National League. As other clubs in the territory, Europa FC currently shares the Victoria Stadium on Winston Churchill Avenue. The club also operates a women's team which competes in the Gibraltar Women's Football League.
Gerhard Mertins
Gerhard Georg Mertins (30 December 1919 – 19 March 1993) was a German paratrooper, post-war arms dealer and German Intelligence operative. In 1943, he participated in the Gran Sasso raid rescuing Benito Mussolini from prison. According to Manuel Contreras, he allegedly supplied the Pinochet regime with arms and helicopters. In 1976, he and Manuel Contreras traveled to Tehran to offer the Shah regime help in killing Carlos the Jackal.

Gran Sasso raid
The Gran Sasso raid on 12 September 1943 freed Benito Mussolini from imprisonment in a hotel on the Gran Sasso d'Italia massif. The World War II operation was codenamed "Operation Oak" (Unternehmen Eiche) by the German military. The raid by German paratroopers and Waffen-SS commandos  was personally ordered by Adolf Hitler, approved by General Kurt Student, and planned and executed by Major Harald Mors.

Operation Oak was marketed as a stunning military feat by Nazi propagandists, aiming to provide a morale boost at a low point in the war for Germany. In fact, the Germans controlled the territory around the hotel and were never in great danger.
Ingvild Snildal
Ingvild Snildal (born 25 August 1988 in Asker, Norway) is a Norwegian swimmer. She won gold in 100 m butterfly at the 2012 European Aquatics Championships. This was her 5th international medal. Her club team is Asker svømmeklubb.  She holds Norwegian medals in long and short course.

2012 European Aquatics Championships
The 2012 European Aquatics Championships were held from 14 to 27 May 2012 in Debrecen, Hungary and Eindhoven, Netherlands. The 2012 European Swimming Championships were to take place in Antwerp, Belgium, but were reallocated to the City of Debrecen and were held on the same dates as previously planned, from 21 to 27 May. The Diving Championships were held in Eindhoven from 15 to 20 May. The Synchronised Swimming discipline, originally intended to take place in Antwerp, have also been reallocated, with its continental titles having been contested in Eindhoven.
Originally, the Championships had been awarded to Vienna, but later they backed out due to the Great Recession.

The 2012 European Water Polo Championships were held separately a few months earlier, from 16 to 29 January, also in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
Szenicsite
Szenicsite is a copper hydroxy molybdate mineral, named after husband and wife Terry and Marissa Szenics, American mineral collectors who found the first specimens. When it was first discovered in Atacama, Chile, it was thought to be lindgrenite.  The occurrence appeared in an isolated area, which was about one cubic meter in size. The mineral occurred in cavities of copper bearing powellite and matrix rich molybdenite. These cavities were filled with a material resembling clay. Outside of the zone the szenicsite crystals grew, copper levels seemed to decrease, and the mineralization changed to lindgrenite. Moving further from the zone, the minerals growing seemed to be lacking copper, and consisted of powellite blebs in the ore. Szenicsite was approved by the IMA in 1993.

Molybdenite
Molybdenite is a mineral of molybdenum disulfide, MoS2. Similar in appearance and feel to graphite, molybdenite has a lubricating effect that is a consequence of its layered structure.  The atomic structure consists of a sheet of molybdenum atoms sandwiched between sheets of sulfur atoms.  The Mo-S bonds are strong, but the interaction between the sulfur atoms at the top and bottom of separate sandwich-like tri-layers is weak, resulting in easy slippage as well as  cleavage planes.
Molybdenite crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system as the common polytype 2H and also in the trigonal system as the 3R polytype.
Storr Island
Storr Island, also known as Yudawala or Yeewadan Ganjal, is an uninhabited island located in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.

It is situated between Doubtful Bay and George Water, near the intersection of the Sale and Glenelg rivers. Storr Island is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north west of Bardi. The island encompasses an area of 1,896 hectares (4,685 acres).

Fauna found on the island include the golden bandicoot and many types of birds, including the pied imperial pigeon, sulphur-crested cockatoo, brown honeyeater, white-gaped honeyeater, white-lined honeyeater, silver-crowned friarbird, mangrove golden whistler, leaden flycatcher, northern fantail, black-faced cuckoo-shrike, varied triller and the great bowerbird.

The traditional owners of the area are the Dambimangari people of the Worrorra language group. Their name for the island is Yudawala or Yeewadan Ganjal.

Northern fantail
The northern fantail (Rhipidura rufiventris) is a species of bird in the family Rhipiduridae. It is found in New Guinea, Timor, and northern Australia (from Broome in Western Australia to the Shire of Burdekin in Queensland). Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.
Drosera venusta
Drosera venusta is a subtropical sundew endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It was described as a new species by Paul Debbert in 1987. Some have questioned its specific rank, noting its affinity to D. natalensis, while others have reduced it to a synonym of D. natalensis.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Peter Beter
Peter David Beter (June 21, 1921 – March 14, 1987) was an American attorney and financier. He ran for governor of West Virginia in 1968 in the Republican Party primary (although he was formerly a Democrat), but lost in the primaries to Arch A. Moore Jr.. Politically, he was a staunch admirer of ex-Alabama governor George Wallace; Beter also drafted Wallace as the American Party candidate in 1973, but numerous Republicans opposed such efforts. Nonetheless, he later became a member of his Draft-Wallace committee.

American Independent Party
The American Independent Party (AIP) is an American political party that was established in 1967. The American Independent Party is best known for its nomination of Democratic then-former Governor George Wallace of Alabama, who carried five states in the 1968 presidential election running against Richard Nixon and Hubert Humphrey on a populist, hard-line anti-communist, pro-"law and order" platform, appealing to working-class white voters. Wallace was best known for his staunch segregationist stances. In 1976, the party split into the modern American Independent Party and the American Party. From 1992 until 2008, the party was the California affiliate of the national Constitution Party. Its exit from the Constitution Party led to a leadership dispute during the 2008 election.
2006–07 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup
The 2006/07 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the twenty eight World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 9 December 2006 and ended on 3 March 2007. This season included five disciplines: aerials, moguls, dual moguls, ski cross and halfpipe.

Dual mogul events returned on world cup calendar as a separate title from moguls for last time.

Ski cross
Ski cross is a skiing competition which incorporates terrain features traditionally found in freestyle skiing with courses which include big-air jumps and high-banked turns. In spite of the fact that it is a timed racing event, it is often considered a type of freestyle skiing. What sets ski cross apart from other alpine skiing disciplines is that it involves more than one skier racing down the course. Any intentional contact with other competitors like grabbing or any other forms of contact meant to give the competitor an advantage leads to disqualification.

Ski cross is a part of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. First organized in 1986, the world championship is now held every odd year. In 2010 the sport debuted as a part of the Winter Olympic Games and has been contested ever since. It was a part of the Winter X Games until 2012.