hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geopolitics of the Roman Empire
The Geopolitics of the Roman Empire deals with the "inalienable relationship between geography and politics of the Roman Empire". Once the Roman Empire had reached its natural borders, the location of potential threats to the empire and Roman troop locations played a major role in the elevation of Roman Emperors. Access to the troops, their location were crucial to the empire's internal politics, civil wars, and the eventual Fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Great Conspiracy
The Great Conspiracy was a year-long state of war and disorder that occurred near the end of Roman rule in Britain. Fourth-century Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus describes it as a barbarica conspiratio ('barbarian conspiracy') which took advantage of a depleted military force in the province; many soldiers had marched away with General Magnentius in his unsuccessful bid to become emperor. Few returned, and supply, pay, and discipline in the following years may have been deficient.

The precise chronology of events remains unclear. Ammianus, although being the author of the most comprehensive and widely-cited surviving sources on the Conspiracy, was living in Antioch during the time that it took place. His account is thus likely to be derived from other sources and exhibits inconsistencies with other known documentation.
Hoyt-Burwell-Morse House
The Hoyt-Burwell-Morse House is a historic house located at 8 Ferris Hill Road in New Canaan, Connecticut. Built before 1740, the home is one of the 15 oldest extant buildings in the town of New Canaan. The home is an example of traditional New England 18th-century Saltbox architecture. In the 19th century, the house was home to an African-American man named Onesimus Brown, who is thought to be the last living person born into slavery in Connecticut. In 2016, the home was slated for demolition, but was purchased by local preservationists and eventually listed on the National Register of Historic Places that same year.

New Canaan, Connecticut
New Canaan (/ˈkeɪnən/) is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The population was 20,622 according to the 2020 census. The town is part of the Western Connecticut Planning Region.

The town is considered part of Connecticut's Gold Coast. The town is bounded on the south by Darien, to the west by Stamford, on the east by Wilton, on the southeast by Norwalk, and on the north by Lewisboro and Pound Ridge in Westchester County, New York.

New Canaan is known for its architecture and public parks such as Waveny Park, and a town center with boutiques. Residents sing carols on God's Acre every Christmas Eve, a town tradition since 1916.
Peder Pedersen
Peder Pedersen is the name of:

Peder Pedersen (director) (born 1971)

Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874–1941), Danish engineer and physicist

Peder Ree Pedersen (1913–1976), Norwegian politician

Peder Pedersen (musician), full name Peder Thomas Pedersen, Danish musician, see Danish Music Awards

Peder Dorf Pedersen (1897–1967), Danish gymnast

Peder Larsen Pedersen (1880–1966), Danish gymnast

Peder Pedersen (cyclist) (1945–2015), represented Denmark at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Peder Ree Pedersen
Peder Ree Pedersen (1 April 1913 – 19 June 1976) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Rogaland during the term 1954–1957. Halfway through the term, in 1956, he moved up as a regular representative to replace Endre Kristian Vestvik who had died.

Pedersen was born in Stavanger and a member of the executive committee of Stavanger city council during the term 1947–1951.
Des Carrick
Desmond Joseph Carrick (2 September 1919 – 30 May 1999) was an Australian international rugby union player.

Carrick was born in Sydney and educated at St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill, where he captained the first XV.

A Gordon player, Carrick had a quick rise to representative rugby, making his New South Wales debut at the age of 19, then earning a place on the Wallabies squad for the 1939–40 tour of Britain and Ireland, with the young centre preferred over veteran Cyril Towers. The tour was cancelled due to World War II, soon after the team arrived in England, but he did get the opportunity to represent Australia against the Gymkhana XV during a stopover in Bombay on the trip home.

Carrick served in the army during the war and reached the rank of Lance Sergeant. He considered signing with rugby league club Newtown, but continued as a rugby union player after the war, before retiring in 1946.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
Nanshui 701-class water tanker
Nanshui 701 class water tanker is a class of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).  The name of this class is after the first unit commissioned, with the exact type still remains unknown, and only a single unit of this class have been confirmed in active service as of mid-2010s.

Nanshui 701 class series ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Shui (水), meaning water, because these ships are classified as water tankers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention.

North Sea Fleet
The North Sea Fleet (NSF; 北海舰队), concurrently the Northern Theater Command Navy (北部战区海军), is one of the three fleets of China's People's Liberation Army Navy. Headquartered in Qingdao, Shandong, the fleet provides naval forces to the Northern Theater Command.

In September 1950, the Qingdao Army Base was redesignated as a naval base. Following the departure of the Soviet Navy from Lüshunkou (Port Arthur), the North Sea Fleet was established in 1960 with naval bases in Qingdao and Lüshunkou.

The fleet currently includes China's first aircraft carrier, Liaoning, as well as nuclear-powered attack and missile submarines.

The North Sea Fleet was historically the most capable of the Navy's three fleets, being the first in China to operate destroyers, shore-based missiles and nuclear submarines. In recent years however, the shift in strengthening of importance and strategic capabilities of the East and South Sea Fleets are more prioritised.
Svargarohana Parva
The Svargarohana Parva (Sanskrit: स्वर्गारोहण पर्व "Book of the Ascent to Heaven") is the final of eighteen parvas (books) of the Indian epic Mahabharata. It traditionally has 6 chapters, while the critical edition has 5 chapters. It is one of the shortest books in the Mahabharata.

The Svargarohana Parva describes the arrival of Yudhishthira to heaven, his visit to hell, and what he finds in both places. Yudhishthira is upset when he finds evil people in heaven and the good in hell. He demands that he be sent to hell where those who love him are present. The gods then reveal that their loved ones are indeed in heaven. The Parva ends with Yudhishthira happy.

Svarga
Svarga (Sanskrit: स्वर्गः, lit. 'abode of light', IAST: Svargaḥ), also known as Swarga, Indraloka and Svargaloka, is the celestial abode of the devas in Hinduism. Svarga is one of the seven higher lokas (esoteric planes) in Hindu cosmology. Svarga is often translated as heaven, though it is regarded to be dissimilar to the concept of the Abrahamic Heaven.
Extra Ordinary (film)
Extra Ordinary is a 2019 horror comedy film written and directed by Mike Ahern and Enda Loughman. The film stars Maeve Higgins, Barry Ward, Will Forte, Claudia O'Doherty, Jamie Beamish, Terri Chandler, Risteárd Cooper and Emma Coleman. The film was released in Ireland and the United Kingdom on 13 September 2019 by Wildcard Distribution. The film was released in the United States on 6 March 2020 by Cranked Up Films. The film was well-received by critics, having almost universal approval.

Claudia O'Doherty
Claudia O'Doherty (born 29 November 1983) is an Australian actress, writer, and comedian. She won the 2009 Melbourne Fringe Best Comedy Award and the Brisbane Comedy Festival Award for her debut show Monsters of the Deep 3D. She has appeared in several films and TV series, including starring roles in Love and Killing It.
IBM HandShaker
IBM HandShaker (also known as Connect Commander or simply CN) is a file manager for the DOS operating system, developed in 1991. It supported both Russian and English user interfaces, featured a built-in screensaver, and was widely used by professional programmers as a replacement for DOS Shell, due to its numerous extended capabilities.

Terminal emulator
A terminal emulator, or terminal application, is a computer program that emulates a video terminal within another display architecture. Though typically synonymous with a shell or text terminal, the term terminal covers all remote terminals, including graphical interfaces. A terminal emulator inside a graphical user interface is often called a terminal window.

A terminal window allows the user access to a text terminal and all its applications such as command-line interfaces (CLI) and text user interface (TUI) applications. These may be running either on the same machine or on a different one via telnet, ssh, dial-up, or over a direct serial connection. On Unix-like operating systems, it is common to have one or more terminal windows connected to the local machine.

Terminals usually support a set of escape sequences for controlling color, cursor position, etc. Examples include the family of terminal control sequence standards that includes ECMA-48, ANSI X3.64, and ISO/IEC 6429.
PULAPOL F.C.
Pusat Latihan Polis (PDRM) Football Club, also known as PULAPOL FC, is a Malaysian football club based in PULAPOL Jalan Semarak, Kuala Lumpur. They most recently played in the Malaysia A3 Community League.

Malaysia A3 Community League
The Malaysia A3 Community League (Malay: Liga A3 Community, previously known as the Malaysia M5 League) makes up level 4 of 9 community-based leagues under the Malaysian football league system. It was created in 2018 as a part of the Malaysian Football League's plan to reform the domestic football structure. It consists of various state FA's, community and social leagues.
Bukit Ho Swee (TV series)
Bukit Ho Swee (河水山) is a Singaporean Chinese language TV series aired in 2002 on Channel 8. With the "kampungs" of Bukit Ho Swee, a prominent Chinese village estate notorious for its cramped squatters and gangsters at that time, as a backdrop, the series is set during the 1950s prior to the infamous fire of 1961.

Bukit Ho Swee
Bukit Ho Swee (Chinese: 河水山; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hô-súi-soaⁿ; Jyutping: Ho4 Seoi2 Saan1) is a subzone within the planning area of Bukit Merah, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA). Its boundary is made up of the Alexandra Canal in the north; Kim Seng Road and Outram Road in the east; Zion Road and Jalan Bukit Ho Swee in the south; Delta Road and Lower Delta Road in the west.
Bruno China
Bruno Manuel Rodrigues Silva (born 5 August 1982), known as Bruno China, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a defensive midfielder, currently a manager.

He spent most of his career with Leixões, representing the club in all three major levels of Portuguese football. He appeared in 150 Primeira Liga matches over eight seasons, and also competed professionally in Spain.

Portuguese football league system
The Portuguese football league system consists of several leagues bound together hierarchically by promotion and relegation. Reserve teams are allowed to compete in the main league system, as is the case with most of Europe. However, they are not allowed to compete in the same tier as their senior team, thus no reserve team has ever competed in Portugal's top flight, the Primeira Liga.
Samantha Randle
Samantha Randle (born 24 November 1998) is a South African swimmer. She competed in the women's 1500 metre freestyle event at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships. In 2019, she represented South Africa at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco.

South Africa at the 2019 African Games
South Africa competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. In total, 153 athletes represented South Africa in 11 sports. Athletes representing South Africa won 36 gold medals, 26 silver medals and 25 bronze medals and the country finished in 3rd place in the medal table.
1914 Oregon gubernatorial election
The 1914 Oregon gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1914, to elect the governor of the U.S. state of Oregon. The election matched Republican James Withycombe against Democratic candidate C. J. Smith.

Governor of Oregon
The governor of Oregon is the head of government of Oregon and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.

The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek, who took office on January 9, 2023. The governor's salary as of 2018 is $98,600.
Cumilla Government College
Cumilla Government College (Bengali: কুমিল্লা  সরকারি কলেজ, romanized: Cumilla Shorkari College), is a college in Comilla, Bangladesh. It is one of the oldest colleges in Comilla as well as in Chittagong Division. The college is located on three acres of land including its intermediate and honors section.

Comilla
Comilla (Bengali: কুমিল্লা), officially spelled Cumilla, is a metropolis on the banks of the Gumti River in eastern Bangladesh. Comilla was one of the cities of ancient Bengal. It was once the capital of Tripura kingdom. Comilla Airport is located in the Dulipara area of Comilla city Although it is currently replaced with Comilla Export Processing Zone (EPZ). Comilla City is a division centered city district with surrounding districts coming to Comilla in more diverse areas of work. Bibir Bazar land port is located 5 km away from Comilla city. The area of Comilla City Corporation is 53.04 square kilometers, so the surrounding areas of the main city fall under the jurisdiction of the City Corporation. The urban areas falling outside the Comilla City Corporation are considered suburbs, forming part of the metro area, which was estimated at 691,000 in 2025- a 2.98% increase from 2024.
Aahuthi
Aahuthi is a 1987 Indian Telugu-language action drama film directed by Kodi Ramakrishna. The film stars Rajasekhar and Jeevitha in the lead roles. It was produced by Shyam Prasad Reddy on M. S. Art Movies banner. The music for the film was composed by Satyam. The film was a commercial success. It is a remake of Malayalam film Rajavinte Makan (1986), which itself was based on the 1980 novel Rage of Angels by Sidney Sheldon.

Satyam (composer)
Chellapilla Satyanarayana Sastry (1933 – 12 January 1989), known mononymously as Satyam, was an Indian music composer. He was popular in the Telugu and Kannada film industries in the 1960s to 1980s. Sathyam is best remembered as "Andhra R. D. Burman". He also composed a handful of Bengali, Bhojpuri, and Hindi films.
1953 Coronation Honours
The 1953 Coronation Honours were appointments by Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours on the occasion of her coronation on 2 June 1953. The honours were published in The London Gazette on 1 June 1953.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour. They are arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
Joe Carrick-Varty
Joe Carrick-Varty is a British-Irish poet from Oxford, England. His debut collection More Sky (2023) was shortlisted for the 2023 T. S. Eliot Prize. His pamphlet Somewhere Far (2019) won The Poetry Business's New Poets Prize.

In 2022, Carrick-Varty received an Eric Gregory Award from the Society of Authors, and in 2023 he was named Anthony Burgess Fellow in Creative Writing at the University of Manchester. His collection Before Violence (2026) was selected as a Poetry Book Society spring recommendation.

Society of Authors
The Society of Authors (SoA) is a United Kingdom trade union for professional writers, illustrators and literary translators, founded in 1884 to protect the rights and further the interests of authors. Membership of the society is open to "anyone who creates work for publication, broadcast or performance" and the society both gives individual advice and 'voices concerns' about 'authors’ rights, the publishing and creative industries and wider cultural matters.' In 2024 membership stood at 12,500. The SoA is a company on the special register body and an affiliated trade union.

Members of SoA have included Tennyson (first president), George Bernard Shaw, John Galsworthy, Alasdair Gray, John Edward Masefield, Thomas Hardy, H. G. Wells, J. M. Barrie and E. M. Forster. Contemporary members include Malorie Blackman,  Philip Gross, and Lemn Sissay.
Komatii Formation
The Komati Formation, also named as Komatii Formation, is a 3.475 billion year old Paleoarchean rock formation, named after the nearby Komati River in South Africa. It is the type locality for komatiite, a high temperature, magnesium-rich volcanic rock occurring in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, Mpumalanga.

Volcanic rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks.

Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface.
Trevor Fitzroy
Trevor Fitzroy is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as an enemy of the X-Men, in particular Bishop. Created by Jim Lee and Whilce Portacio, he first appeared in The Uncanny X-Men #281 (October 1991).

Fitzroy hails from the same dystopian future as Bishop. A mutant criminal, he possesses the ability to absorb energy from human beings and use that energy to open time portals, which is how Bishop traveled to the present. He has since been featured as the main adversary in the series featuring Bishop.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Chronicle of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ruthenia and Samogitia
The Chronicle of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ruthenia and Samogitia (see #Name) is an early modern chronicle of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It is considered the second redaction of the Belarusian–Lithuanian Chronicles. It was written in the Ruthenian language in the 1520s among the aristocracy of Vilnius.

Vilnius County
Vilnius County (Lithuanian: Vilniaus apskritis) is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius and is also known as Capital Region or Sostinės regionas by the Lithuanian statistics department and Eurostat. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as a territorial and statistical unit.
Vallikunnu Assembly constituency
Vallikunnu State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is P. Abdul Hameed of IUML.

2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held in Kerala on 6 April 2021 to elect 140 members to the 15th Kerala Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 2 May.

The election saw the incumbent Left Democratic Front (LDF) in a historic win retaining power with 99 seats, 8 more than in the previous election, marking the first time that an alliance won consecutive terms in the state since 1977. The United Democratic Front (UDF) won the remaining 41 seats, 6 less than in the previous election. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) received a dip in vote share and lost their lone seat. Pinarayi Vijayan became the first Chief Minister of Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full, five-year term in office.
Sledmere
Sledmere is a village in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, about 7 miles (11 km) north-west of Driffield on the B1253 road.

The village lies in a civil parish which is also officially called "Sledmere" by the Office for National Statistics, although the county council and parish council refer to it as Sledmere and Croome, as the parish also includes the nearby hamlet of Croome.  According to the 2011 UK census, the parish had a population of 377, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 197; the parish covers an area of 2,849 hectares (7,040 acres).

The name Sledmere derives from the Old English slædmere meaning 'valley mere'.

Office for National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; Welsh: Swyddfa Ystadegau Gwladol) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.