hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flood arch
A flood arch is a small supplemental arch bridge provided alongside a main bridge. It provides extra capacity for floodwater.

The space beneath a flood arch is normally dry and often carries a towpath or similar. In some cases it borders on the shallow edge of a river, but this does not carry substantial flow in normal conditions. A bridge with multiple arches across a flowing river would instead be termed a viaduct.

For some bridges, flood arches were added after the first bridge had been constructed, often after initial flooding.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
2018 California lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 2018 California lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 2018, to elect the lieutenant governor of California. Incumbent Democratic lieutenant governor Gavin Newsom was ineligible to run for reelection due to term limits and ran for governor of California instead. Democrats Eleni Kounalakis and Ed Hernandez faced each other in the general election, as no Republican finished in the top two positions of the nonpartisan blanket primary that was held on June 5, 2018.

Darrell Steinberg
Darrell Steven Steinberg (born October 15, 1959) is an American politician and attorney who was the 56th mayor of Sacramento, California from 2016 to 2024. He was elected to be mayor on June 7, 2016 (avoiding a runoff). Previously, he was California Senate President pro Tempore and the leader of the majority party in the California State Senate from 2008 to 2014.

Steinberg was a Democratic member of the California State Senate representing the  6th District. He had also previously served as a member of the California State Assembly (1998–2004) and as a member of the Sacramento City Council (1992–1998).
Iyoite
Iyoite is a very rare manganese copper chloride hydroxide mineral with the formula MnCuCl(OH)3. Iyoite is a new member of the atacamite group, and it an analogue of botallackite characterized in manganese and copper ordering. Iyoite is monoclinic (space group P21/m). It is chemically similar to misakiite. Both minerals come from the Ohku mine in the Ehime prefecture, Japan.

Space group
In mathematics, physics and chemistry, a space group is the symmetry group of a repeating pattern in space, usually in three dimensions. The elements of a space group (its symmetry operations) are the rigid transformations of the pattern that leave it unchanged. In three dimensions, space groups are classified into 219 distinct types, or 230 types if chiral copies are considered distinct. Space groups are discrete cocompact groups of isometries of an oriented Euclidean space in any number of dimensions. In dimensions other than 3, they are sometimes called Bieberbach groups.

In crystallography, space groups are also called the crystallographic or Fedorov groups, and represent a description of the symmetry of the crystal. A definitive source regarding 3-dimensional space groups is the International Tables for Crystallography Hahn (2002).
Medusa (Jhayco, Anuel AA and J Balvin song)
"Medusa"  is a song by Puerto Rican rappers Jhayco and Anuel AA and Colombian singer J Balvin. It was released on February 5, 2020, through Universal Music Latin. The song is inspired by the logo of the Italian luxury fashion company Versace.

Universal Music Latin Entertainment
Universal Music Latin Entertainment (UMLE), also known as Universal Música, is the Latin music division of Universal Music Group (UMG), founded in 2008. Headquartered in Los Angeles, with offices in Miami, it oversees the marketing and distribution of Latin music in the US (including Puerto Rico) and Mexico.

UMLE includes labels such as Universal Music Latino, Fonovisa Records, Universal Music México, Capitol Latin, Machete Music, and Disa Records. The division was formed after UMG acquired Univision Music Group and merged it with its roster of Latin artists and catalog.
Sailing at the Friendship Games
Sailing at the Friendship Games was contested in seven events. 470 and Finn classes took place at Lake Balaton, Hungary between 20 and 25 August 1984, while Flying Dutchman, Soling, Star, Tornado and Windglider classes were contested at Pirita Yachting Centre in Tallinn, Soviet Union between 19 and 26 August 1984.

Lake Balaton
Lake Balaton (Hungarian: [ˈbɒlɒton]) is a freshwater rift lake in the Transdanubian region of Hungary. It is the largest lake in Central Europe, and one of the region's foremost tourist destinations. The Zala River provides the largest inflow of water to the lake, and the canalized Sió is the only outflow.

The mountainous region of the northern shore is known both for its historic character and as a major wine region, while the flat southern shore is known for its resort towns. Balatonfüred and Hévíz developed early as resorts for the wealthy, but it was not until the late 19th century when landowners, ruined by Phylloxera attacking their grape vines, began building summer homes to rent out to the burgeoning middle class.
Lost in the Sun (song)
"Lost in the Sun" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy. It was released as the third and final single from their sixth studio album, All Hours (2011). It was issued in the United States on April 10, 2012 as a digital download by Nettwerk and Unfiltered Records. The single was written and produced by Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase.

Adam Schlesinger
Adam Lyons Schlesinger (October 31, 1967 – April 1, 2020) was an American musician, songwriter, composer, and record producer. He was a founding member of the bands Fountains of Wayne, Ivy, and Tinted Windows, and was also a member of the band Fever High. He also wrote songs for television and film, for which he won three Emmy Awards, a Grammy Award, and the ASCAP Pop Music Award, and was nominated for Academy, Tony, and Golden Globe Award. He died of complications from COVID-19 at age 52.
El Bañuelo
The Bañuelo or El Bañuelo (a diminutive of Spanish baño "bath"), also known as the Baño del Nogal ("Bath of the Walnut") or Hammam al-Yawza (Arabic: حمام الجوزة), is a preserved historic hammam (Islamic bathhouse) in Granada, Spain, dating from the 11th or 12th century. It is located in the Albaicin quarter of the city, on the banks of the Darro River. It was used as a bathhouse until the 16th century, before becoming defunct and converted to other uses. In the 20th century it underwent restorations and is now a tourist attraction.

Public bathing
Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities. Though termed "public", they have often been restricted according to gender, religious affiliation, personal membership, and other criteria.

In addition to their hygienic function, public baths have also been social meeting places. They have included hot-air bathing facilities such as hammams, Victorian Turkish baths, and saunas. Some have also provided complementary services such as shampooing, massages, and other relaxation therapies, often also found in contemporary day spas.

As the percentage of dwellings containing private bathrooms has increased in some societies, the need for public baths has diminished, and they are now almost exclusively used recreationally.
Hunt (surname)
Hunt is an occupational surname related with hunting, originating in England and Ireland. In Estonia, the surname Hunt is also very common, meaning wolf in the Estonian language.

The Irish family surname is derived from Ó Fiachna and the significance is fiach means "the chase"; the clan itself was part of the Connachta's Síol Muireadaigh (kindred to the Ó Conchubhair and Mac Diarmada), located in County Roscommon and County Sligo.

O'Conor dynasty
The O'Conor dynasty (Middle Irish: Ó Conchobhair; Modern Irish: Ó Conchúir) are an Irish noble dynasty and formerly one of the most influential and distinguished royal dynasties in Ireland. The O'Conor family held the throne of the Kingdom of Connacht up until 1475. Having ruled it on and off since 967, they ruled continuously from 1102 to 1475. Moreover, the O'Conor parent house the Uí Briúin and Síol Muireadaigh ruled Connacht on many occasions – but not continuously – between 482 and 956. The house of O'Conor also produced two High Kings of Ireland, Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair and his son Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, the last High King of Ireland. The family seat is Clonalis House outside Castlerea in County Roscommon.

The current O'Conor Don is Desmond O'Conor (b. 22 September 1938) who lives in Rotherfield, East Sussex in England.
Lachnoptera ayresii
Lachnoptera ayresii, the eastern blotched leopard, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Afromontane and riverine forest from Port St. Johns in the Eastern Cape and then along the escarpment to the midlands of KwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini, Mpumalanga and the Wolkberg in Limpopo, north to Zimbabwe and Mozambique.

The wingspan is 45–52 mm for males and 50–56 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round with a peak in late summer and autumn, from January to June.

The larvae feed on Rawsonia lucida and Vismia species.

Afromontane
The Afromontane regions are subregions of the Afrotropical realm, one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms, covering the plant and animal species found in the mountains of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. The Afromontane regions of Africa are discontinuous, separated from each other by lower-lying areas, and are sometimes referred to as the Afromontane archipelago, as their distribution is analogous to a series of sky islands.
Synduality
Synduality (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese mixed-media project created by the Bandai Namco Group. An anime television series produced by Eight Bit, titled Synduality: Noir, aired from July 2023 to March 2024.

Bandai Namco Holdings
Bandai Namco Holdings Inc. (commonly known as Bandai Namco and formerly Namco Bandai until 2015, also known as Bandai Namco Group,) is a Japanese mass media and entertainment conglomerate founded in 2005 by the merger of Namco and Bandai. The company specializes in toys, video games, arcades, anime, restaurants, and amusement parks. They are unofficially nicknamed "Bamco" by some. The conglomerate is made up of:

Bandai, toy company; includes Bandai Spirits

Bandai Namco Entertainment, video game publisher; includes Bandai Namco Studios

Bandai Namco Experience, amusement machine developer and operator; includes Bandai Namco Amusement

Bandai Namco Filmworks, film/anime production; includes Sunrise and Bandai Namco Pictures

Bandai Namco Music Live, film/anime and music production
History of Lagos, Portugal
Lagos is a city in the District of Faro, in Portugal. According to tradition, the city was founded about 2,000 years before the Birth of Christ, having been under rule by the Carthaginians, Romans and Muslims. After the Christian reconquest, it played a leading role in the Portuguese Discoveries, becoming the main city in the Algarve, a position it lost to Faro after the devastating earthquake of 1755. Recovery was hampered by the French invasions and the Portuguese Civil War, only regaining some importance in the mid-19th century, with the development of industries, mainly canning. After World War II, a phase of replacement of industrial activities by tourism is witnessed, whose economic importance marks the transition to the Third Millennium.

Liberal Wars
The Liberal Wars (Portuguese: Guerras Liberais), also known as the Portuguese Civil War (Guerra Civil Portuguesa) and the War of the Two Brothers (Guerra dos Dois Irmãos) was a civil war in Portugal that lasted from May 1828 to May 1834, fought between liberal progressive constitutionalists (led by former King Pedro IV) and conservative traditionalists (led by King Miguel I) over the country's system of government and royal succession. Embroiled parties included the Kingdom of Portugal, Portuguese rebels, the United Kingdom, France, the Catholic Church, Spain and Russia.
DEFA4
Defensin, alpha  4 (DEFA4), also known as neutrophil defensin 4 or HNP4, is a human defensin peptide that is encoded by the DEFA4 gene. HNP4 is expressed in the granules of the neutrophil where it defends the host against bacteria and viruses.

Granule (cell biology)
In cell biology, a granule is a small particle barely visible by light microscopy. The term is most often used to describe a secretory vesicle containing important components of cell physiology. Examples of granules include granulocytes, platelet granules, insulin granules, germane granules, starch granules, and stress granules. It is considered as a cell organelle.
Peillon
Peillon (French pronunciation: [pɛjɔ̃]; Occitan: Pelhon; Italian: Peglione, formerly) is a rural commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the southeastern Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in France.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
Auditor-General of Ghana
The auditor-general of Ghana is the head of the Ghana Audit Service, a legislative branch agency re-established by the government of Ghana in 1992 through the 1992 Constitution of Ghana. It was established as part of the Audit Service through Article 188 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana as part of the Public Services of Ghana. The auditor-general through the Audit service undertakes audits of the public accounts of Ghana and all public offices as mandated by Article 187 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana.

In other jurisdictions, the auditor-general is referred to as Comptroller General, as referred to in US as Comptroller General of the United States and UK as Comptroller and Auditor General (United Kingdom).

Constitution of Ghana
The Constitution of Ghana  is the supreme law of the Republic of Ghana. It was approved on 28 April 1992 through a national referendum after 92% support. It defines the fundamental political principles, establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government, structure of the judiciary and legislature, and spells out the fundamental rights and duties of citizens. It is made up of 26 chapters, not including the preamble.

In part, the constitution was designed to decentralize the government in Ghana.
Alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics – Women's giant slalom
The Women's giant slalom competition of the Calgary 1988 Olympics was held at Nakiska.

The defending world champion was Vreni Schneider of Switzerland, who shared the 1987 World Cup giant slalom title with countrywoman Maria Walliser, and  was leader of the 1988 World Cup.

Nakiska
Nakiska is a ski resort in western Canada, in the Kananaskis Country region of the province of Alberta. It is located 83 km (52 mi) from Calgary, west on Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) and south on Highway 40 (Kananaskis Trail). "Nakiska" is a Cree word meaning "to meet" or "meeting place."

Set on the east face of the southern end of Mount Allan, Nakiska has 64 trails with four chairlifts (3 high-speed quads and 1 double), 1 Reg Magic Carpet and 1 Monster Carpet) set up over an area of 3 km2 (1.2 sq mi). The longest run has 3.3 km (2.1 mi), from a top lift-served elevation of 2,258 m (7,408 ft) to the base at 1,479 m (4,852 ft).

Nakiska is owned by Resorts of the Canadian Rockies, which also owns the Fernie, Kimberley, Kicking Horse Mountain Resort, Mont Sainte Anne, and Stoneham ski resorts.
Eric N'Gapeth
Éric N'Gapeth (born 17 July 1959 in Douala, Cameroon) is a French former volleyball player and coach who competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He is the father of volleyball player Earvin N'Gapeth, who currently plays for the French national volleyball team.

Douala
Douala is the largest city in Cameroon and its economic capital. It is also the capital of Cameroon's Littoral Region. It was home to Central Africa's largest port, now being replaced by Kribi port. It has the country's major international airport, Douala International Airport (DLA). It is the commercial and economic capital of Cameroon and the entire CEMAC region comprising Gabon, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Cameroon. Consequently, it handles most of the country's major exports, such as oil, cocoa and coffee, timber, metals and fruits. As of 2025, the city and its surrounding area had an estimated population of 4,346,000, while the city proper had an estimated population of 3,816,500. The city sits on the estuary of Wouri River and its climate is tropical.
Gawain Guy
Gawain Guy is a Jamaican Olympic middle-distance runner. He represented his country in the men's 1500 meters at the 1984 Summer Olympics. His time was a 3:52.05 in the first heat.

Guy was the first sub-four-minute miler for the Rice Owls track and field team.

Jamaicans
Jamaicans are the citizens of Jamaica and their descendants in the Jamaican diaspora. The vast majority of Jamaicans are of Sub-Saharan African descent, with minorities of Europeans, Indians, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and others of mixed ancestry. The bulk of the Jamaican diaspora resides in other Anglophone countries, namely Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Jamaican populations are also prominent in other Caribbean countries, territories and Commonwealth realms, where in the Cayman Islands, born Jamaicans, as well as Caymanians of Jamaican origin, make up 26.8% of the population.
Outside of Anglophone countries, the largest Jamaican diaspora community lives in Central America, where Jamaicans make up a significant percentage of the population.
Rabâ-ša-Marduk
Rabâ-ša-Marduk, “great are (the deeds) of Marduk”, was a prominent physician, or asû, from the city of Nippur who was posted to the Hittite court of Muwatalli II (c. 1295–1272 BC short chronology) in Anatolia in the thirteenth century BC, apparently as part of a diplomatic mission of Kassite king Kadašman-Turgu (1281–1264 BC short chronology).

Nippur
Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as 𒂗𒆤𒆠, EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;" Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god Enlil, the "Lord Wind", ruler of the  cosmos, subject to An alone. Nippur was located in modern Nuffar 8 kilometers north of modern Afak, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is roughly 200 km south of modern Baghdad and about 100 km southeast of the ancient city of Babylon. Occupation at the site extended back to the Ubaid period (Ubaid 2 – Hajji Muhammed), the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period. The origin of the ancient name is unknown but different proposals have been made.
Augustus Schutz
Baron Augustus Schutz (born 1689) was an English courtier.

He was born in England the son of Louis-Justus Sinoldt dit Schutz, a minister-plenipotentiary of the Duke of Hanover at the Court of St James.

At the age of 16 he went to live in Hanover but returned in 1714 with George I when the latter acceded to the throne of England. He subsequently served George II from 1727 to 1757 as his Master of the Robes and Keeper of the Privy Purse.

He married Penelope Madan and lived at Shotover House in Oxfordshire, which he took over from Lt-Gen. James Tyrell. The Schutzes had 5 sons and 3 daughters; their eldest son George Frederick became a Groom of the Bedchamber to George III.

Groom of the Chamber
Groom of the Chamber was a position in the Household of the monarch in early modern England. Other Ancien Régime royal establishments in Europe had comparable officers, often with similar titles. In France, the Duchy of Burgundy, and in England while French was still the language of the court, the title was varlet or valet de chambre.  In German,  Danish and Russian the term was "Kammerjunker" and in Swedish the similar "Kammarjunkare".

In England after the Restoration, appointments in the King's Household included Groom of the Great Chamber, Groom of the Privy Chamber and Groom of the Bedchamber. The first two positions were appointed by Lord Chamberlain's warrant; the third, of greater importance, was a Crown appointment.
1914 Texas Mines Miners football team
The 1914 Texas Mines Miners football team was the first intercollegiate American football team to represent Texas School of Mines (now known as the University of Texas at El Paso). During the 1914 college football season, the team was coached by Tommy Dwyer, compiled a 2–3 record, and was outscored by a total of 64 to 34.

The first intercollegiate game was a 19–0 loss to New Mexico A&M. The series with New Mexico A&M evolved into a rivalry (now known as the Battle of I-10) that has been played almost 100 times.

1914 college football season
The 1914 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Army, Illinois, and Texas as having been selected national champions, all retroactively. Army and Illinois claim a national championship for the 1914 season.
Homoerotic themes in Greek and Roman mythology
Homoeroticism is a prominent theme in Greco-Roman mythology, with many myths depicting intimate and romantic relationships between men. These are accompanied by related motifs such as cross-dressing, androgyny, and fluid expressions of gender and identity.

These myths have been described as being crucially influential on Western LGBTQ+ literature, with the original myths being constantly re-published and re-written, and the relationships and characters serving as icons. In comparison, lesbian relationships are rarely found in classical myths.

Leucippus of Crete
In Greek mythology, Leucippus (Ancient Greek: Λεύκιππος, romanized: Leúkippos, lit. 'white horse') was a young man of Phaistos, Crete. Leucippus was born to Lamprus, the son of Pandion, and Galatea, daughter of Eurytius the son of Sparton. He is notable for having undergone a magical gender transformation by the will of the goddess Leto. Due to his transition from female to male, Leucippus can be considered a transgender male figure in Greek mythology.

His story was included in the Metamorphoses by Antoninus Liberalis. It shares several elements with the myth of Iphis, another female Cretan child raised as and transformed into a male from Ovid's poem the Metamorphoses.
Zack Hudgins
Zachary Lucas Hudgins (born December 12, 1968) is an American politician who served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives for the 11th Legislative District from 2003 to 2021. His District included Renton, Tukwila and South Seattle.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Carl Klingborg
Carl Klingborg (born April 8, 1986) is a Swedish bandy player who currently plays for IK Sirius as a forward. Carl began his career at Vetlanda BK.

His list of clubs is as follows-

Vetlanda BK (2003–2004)

Hammarby IF Bandy (2004–2006)

Sköndals IK (2004–2005)

GT-76 (2005–2006)

IK Sirius (2006–)

Hammarby IF Bandy
Hammarby IF Bandyförening is a Swedish bandy club from Södermalm, Stockholm, a section of the sports club Hammarby IF.

Hammarby IF was founded under its present name in 1897 and has been playing bandy since 1905. The club currently play in Elitserien, which is the highest division in Sweden, and has won it twice.