hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cryptosporidium hominis
Cryptosporidium hominis, along with Cryptosporidium parvum, is among the medically important Cryptosporidium species. It is an obligate parasite of humans that can colonize the gastrointestinal tract resulting in the gastroenteritis and diarrhea characteristic of cryptosporidiosis.   Unlike C. parvum, which has a rather broad host range, C. hominis is almost exclusively a parasite of humans.   As a result, C. hominis has a low zoonotic potential compared to C. parvum.   It is spread through the fecal-oral route usually by drinking water contaminated with oocyst laden feces. There are many exposure risks that people can encounter in affected areas of the world. Cryptosporidium infections are large contributors of child death and illness in heavily affected areas, yet low importance has been placed on both identifying the species and finding more treatment options outside of nitazoxanide for children and AIDS patients.

Gametocyte
A gametocyte is a eukaryotic germ cell that divides by mitosis into other gametocytes or by meiosis into gametids during gametogenesis. Male gametocytes are called spermatocytes, and female gametocytes are called oocytes.
National Parks Conservation Association
The National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA) is the only independent, nonpartisan membership organization devoted exclusively to advocacy on behalf of the National Parks System. Its mission is "to protect and enhance America's National Park System for present and future generations."

Advocacy
Advocacy is the set of activities by individuals or groups intended to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. It encompasses tactics ranging from grassroots organizing and media campaigns to lobbying, strategic litigation, and coalition-building, and aims to change laws, budgets, institutional practices, and public opinion. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes, including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on a specific issue or specific piece of legislation. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
Rotrou
Rotrou is a medieval French name, derived from a Germanic name Rothrod.

Rotrou I, Count of Perche

Rotrou II, Count of Perche

Rotrou III, Count of Perche (bef. 1080 – 1144)

Rotrou IV, Count of Perche

Rotrou (Archbishop of Rouen) (1109 – 1183/84)

Jean Rotrou (1609 - 1650), French poet and playwright

Nogent-le-Rotrou, a subprefecture and commune in Eure-et-Loir, France

Nogent-le-Rotrou
Nogent-le-Rotrou (French pronunciation: [nɔʒɑ̃ lə ʁɔtʁu]) is a commune in the department of Eure-et-Loir, northern France.

It is a sub-prefecture and is located on the river Huisne, 56 kilometres west of Chartres on the RN23 and 150 kilometres south west of Paris, to which it is linked by both rail and motorway.
Landesarchiv Speyer
The Landesarchiv Speyer is a German state archive responsible for the supervision of public authorities, public institutions and municipalities in Rheinhessen-Pfalz.

Its archives includes approximately 25,000 documents and 33,000 maps. One of its oldest archives includes a copy of the monastery of Weissenburg from the 9th century, as well as holdings from the era of the Holy Roman Empire. The archives are accessible to the general public.

Rheinhessen-Pfalz
Rheinhessen-Pfalz (rarely anglicized as "Rhine-Hesse-Palatinate") was one of the three Regierungsbezirke of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, located in the south of the state.  It was created in 1968 out of Regierungsbezirke Rheinhessen and Pfalz, which had themselves been created out of the left-bank territories of Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt before World War II.

Since 2000, the employees and assets of the Bezirksregierungen form the Aufsichts- und Dienstleistungsdirektion Trier (Supervisory and Service Directorate Trier) and the Struktur- und Genehmigungsdirektionen (Structural and Approval Directorates) Nord in Koblenz and Süd in Neustadt (Weinstraße). These administrations execute their authority over the whole state, e.g. the ADD Trier oversees all schools.
Tiébélé Department
Tiébélé (Mossi: Tible) is a department or commune of Nahouri Province in southeastern Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Tiébélé; the chief, the royal court and the nobility of the Kassena people, who first settled the region in the 15th century, reside there.
Located at the foot of a hill in a lowland landscape, the Royal Court of Tiébélé forms an irregular circular space of approximately 1.2 hectares. Several characteristic elements can be distinguished: a sacred hill, an altar of the ancestor and the red fig tree. The courtyard is characterized by a rich traditional architecture of a defensive character. It is surrounded by high perimeter walls connected by residential walls.

Mooré
Mooré is a Gur language of the Oti–Volta branch and one of four official languages of Burkina Faso. It is the language of the Mossi people, spoken by approximately 6.46 million people in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Cote d’Ivoire, Benin, Niger, Mali, Togo, and Senegal as a native language, but with many more L2 speakers. Mooré is spoken as a first or second language by over 50% of the Burkinabé population and is the main language in the capital city of Ouagadougou.

It is closely related to Frafra, and less related to Dagbani.
Brazil at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games
Brazil competed in the 2025 Junior Pan American Games in Asunción, Paraguay from 9 to 23 August 2025.

The flag bearers at the opening ceremony were skateboarder Filipe Mota and badminton player Juliana Viana. Meanwhile, weightlifter Matheus Pessanha and canoeist Lorrane Santos were the country's flagbearers during the closing ceremony.

With a record number of medals at the end of the Junior Pan American Games, Brazil led the overall table with 175 medals, surpassing the Cali-Valle 2021 record with 70 gold medals, 50 silver medals and 55 bronze medals, also surpassing the record for gold medals, the number of direct spots per athlete and spots per sport for the 2027 Pan American Games.

Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol
The Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul-americana de Voleibol) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in South America. Its headquarters is located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Våge, Tysnes
Våge is the largest village in Tysnes Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the island of Tysnesøya, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the village of Uggdalseidet. The village is the site of Tysnes Church. The village has a ferry quay that has regular connections to Haljem on the mainland in Bjørnafjorden Municipality on the other side of the Bjørnafjorden.

The 1.05-square-kilometre (260-acre) village has a population (2025) of 893 and a population density of 850 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,200/sq mi).

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Suzana Tratnik
Suzana Tratnik is a Slovenian writer, translator, activist, and sociologist. She has published seven short-story collections, four novels, a play, a children’s picture book, two works of nonfiction, and an essay collection. Her books and short stories have been translated into more than twenty languages while Tratnik herself has translated several English books into Slovene, including works from authors such as Jackie Kay, Leslie Feinberg, Judith Butler, Adrienne Rich, Ian McEwan, and Truman Capote.

In 2007 Tratnik was awarded the Prešeren Foundation Prize, one of Slovenia’s most prestigious literary awards. Her most recent work, Games with Greta and Other Stories, is forthcoming in translation from Dalkey Archive Press.

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
Symphony No. 51 (Haydn)
The Symphony No. 51 in B♭ major, Hoboken I/51, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn, written in either 1773 or 1774, although the exact dating remains ambiguous.

Scored for two oboes, two horns (B♭ alto, E♭), bassoon, and strings, the symphony is in four movements:

Sometimes described as "a concertante piece featuring the two horns, which are given parts of staggering difficulty."  The second, slow, movement contains high notes for the first horn (including a written F6 for horn in E♭) and very low notes for the second horn. The third movement contains an even higher note for horn, a written C6 for horn in B♭ alto (sounding as B♭5), one of the highest notes ever written for horn. Heartz has noted the character of the fourth movement as reminiscent of the French rondeau. The first contrasting section is an oboe solo in E♭ major and the second contrasting section is fortissimo and in G minor.

Natural horn
The natural horn is a musical instrument that is the predecessor to the modern-day (French) horn (differentiated by its lack of valves). Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the natural horn evolved as a separation from the trumpet by widening of the bell and lengthening of the tubes. It consists of a mouthpiece, long coiled tubing, and a large flared bell. This instrument was used extensively until the emergence of the valved horn in the early 19th century.
Jeanne-Marie Chavoin
Jeanne-Marie Chavoin (29 August 1786 – 30 June 1858) and Jean-Claude Colin together founded the Marist Sisters, a Catholic religious institute of women.

Jeanne-Marie was born in the village of Coutouvre, France. She met Fr Pierre Colin when he was parish priest at Coutouvre.  She later joined Jean Claude Colin at Cerdon where they were both serving as priests. Together  they worked on the beginning of the Marist Sisters. The Marist Organization was purely based on women and their relationship to God. The Marist legacy has successfully opened many schools across the globe.

Monasticism
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek  μοναχός (monakhós) 'solitary, monastic'; from  μόνος (mónos) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual activities. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism; or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism.

Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries, or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders.
Ancient Greek present progressive markers
Ancient Greek verbs often alter the stem in the present (progressive) system with a variety of markers. These markers are best understood as markers of the continuous and progressive aspects, rather than of the present tense.

For verbs with progressive markers, the present progressive system is not the best guide to the true stem, which is often more clearly manifested in the aorist or future tense forms. Note that none of these markers was productive in the Classical period, although many verbs had alternate forms with and without the markers even into the Hellenistic period and later. Many of these markers date back to Proto-Indo-European and have clear parallels in other Indo-European languages. However, some Ancient Greek grammars and textbooks list and discuss these markers to help students grappling with the confusing morphology of Ancient Greek verbs.

Future tense
In grammar, a future tense (abbreviated FUT) is a verb form that generally marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future. An example of a future tense form is the French achètera, meaning "will buy", derived from the verb acheter ("to buy"). The "future" expressed by the future tense usually means the future relative to the moment of speaking, although in contexts where relative tense is used it may mean the future relative to some other point in time under consideration.

English does not have an inflectional future tense, though it has a variety of grammatical and lexical means for expressing future-related meanings. These include modal auxiliaries such as will and shall as well as the futurate present tense.
Rural Municipality of Val Marie No. 17
The Rural Municipality of Val Marie No. 17 (2021 population: 425) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 4 and SARM Division No. 3. Located in the southwest portion of the province, it is adjacent to the Canada–United States border, neighbouring Phillips County in Montana.

Frenchman River
The Frenchman River, (Gros Ventre: níhʔɔɔtóóúníícááh, lit. 'white person river'), also known locally as the Whitemud River, is a river in Saskatchewan, Canada and Montana, United States. It is a tributary of the Milk River, itself a tributary of the Missouri and, in turn, part of the Mississippi River watershed, which flows to the Gulf of Mexico.

The river is approximately 341 kilometers (212 mi) long.

The name's origin is uncertain although both Métis and francophone settlers inhabited its banks at the turn of the 20th century. The Frenchman Formation, a stratigraphical unit of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, was named for the river.
Smyrna Elementary School
Smyrna Elementary School is a historic elementary school building located at Smyrna in Chenango County, New York. The original 86,000-square-foot (8,000 m2), L-shaped school was constructed in 1941.  In 1956, a 4,650-square-foot (432 m2) addition was completed in two sections; a classroom section to the east and small kitchen addition to the south.  It is a single-story building with basement and mezzanine work space.  The building is in the Art Moderne style.  The school closed in the late 1970s after consolidation in the Sherburne-Earlville Central School.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Sherburne-Earlville Central School
Sherburne-Earlville Central School is a public school located in Sherburne, New York, United States.

The campus consists of two buildings. One building is an elementary school, consisting of levels from pre-kindergarten to fifth grade. The second building is a combination middle school and high school. The middle school is located on the second floor of the building, and includes sixth through eighth grade. The high school, which teaches students from freshman year on, is on the first floor.
Aulaxinella
Aulaxinella is a genus of fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. It comprises three species that primarily grow on living leaves (foliicolous), though rarely some species can be found on tree bark (corticolous).

Foliicolous lichen
A foliicolous lichen  is a lichen which grows on the surfaces of living leaves of vascular plants, usually inhabiting the upper surface (epiphyllous) but sometimes also the lower surface (hypophyllous). Foliicolous lichens largely occur in tropical environments and of the over 800 foliicolous lichens accepted (as of 2008) over 600 of these are known from the tropics. Unlike most lichens which are common in humid but cool and temperate climates, these tropical lichens are more suited to the higher temperatures and lower light levels present beneath the rainforest canopy, where they are involved in the nutrient cycle and water retention. Chlorophyta are common photosynthetic partner phycobionts of epiphyllous lichens.
Loretta Minghella
Loretta Caroline Rose Minghella OBE (born 4 March 1962) is a British academic administrator and former charity executive. Since 2021, she has served as Master of Clare College, Cambridge, her alma mater. Previously, she was the Chief Executive Officer of Christian Aid (April 2010 to 2017), and served as the First Church Estates Commissioner (November 2017 to October 2021), one of the most senior lay people in the Church of England.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
2007 ATP Tour
The 2007 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2007 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Košťál
Košťál (Czech feminine: Košťálová) is a Czech surname which means 'stalk' in Czech. Notable people with the surname include:

Irwin Kostal (1911–1994), American musician

Jan Košťál (born 1980), Czech ice hockey player

Jindra Košťálová, Czech gymnast

Pavel Košťál (born 1980), Czech footballer

Růžena Košťálová (1924–2024), Czech sprint canoer

Zdeněk Košťál (1931–2015), Czech slalom canoer

Zdeněk Košťál
Zdeněk Košťál (1931 – 7 April 2015) was a slalom canoeist who competed for Czechoslovakia from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s. He won two silver medals in the folding K-1 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, earning them in 1959 and 1961. He died on 7 April 2015, at the age of 83.
Hyllus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Hyllus (/ˈhɪləs/; Ancient Greek: Ὕλλος) was the name of the following characters:

Hyllus, a Lydian son of Gaia after whom a river was named. After this stream, Heracles named his son, Hyllus.

Hyllus, son of Heracles and Deianira.

Deianira
Deianira, Deïanira, or Deianeira (/ˌdiːəˈnaɪrə/ DEE-ə-NY-rə; Ancient Greek: Δηϊάνειρα, romanized: Dēiáneira, or Δῃάνειρα, Dēáneira, IPA: [dɛːiáneːra]), also known as Dejanira, is a Calydonian princess in Greek mythology whose name translates as "man-destroyer" or "destroyer of her husband". She was the wife of Heracles and, in late Classical accounts, his unwitting murderer, killing him with the poisoned Shirt of Nessus. She is the main character in Sophocles' play Women of Trachis.
Northern Lights (TV series)
Northern Lights is a 2006 comedy-drama broadcast on ITV starring Mark Benton and Robson Green. It is a spin-off of the 2004 Christmas special Christmas Lights.

A sequel, City Lights, was broadcast in 2007. Furthermore, a Christmas special, Clash of the Santas, was broadcast in December 2008. It features Colin and Howie taking a trip to Lithuania to represent the United Kingdom in a Santa convention. The problem is that miserable Howie is picked as Santa, while true Christmas believer Colin is relegated to the role of cheerleading elf.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Meteoritics
Meteoritics is the science that deals with meteors, meteorites, and meteoroids. It is closely connected to cosmochemistry, mineralogy and geochemistry. A specialist who studies meteoritics is known as a meteoriticist.

Scientific research in meteoritics includes the collection, identification, and classification of meteorites and the analysis of samples taken from them in a laboratory. Typical analyses include investigation of the minerals that make up the meteorite, their relative locations, orientations, and chemical compositions; analysis of isotope ratios; and radiometric dating. These techniques are used to determine the age, formation process, and subsequent history of the material forming the meteorite. This provides information on the history of the Solar System, how it formed and evolved, and the process of planet formation.

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.
Aeoliscus punctulatus
Aeoliscus punctulatus, also known as the speckled shrimpfish or jointed razorfish, is a member of the family Centriscidae of the order Syngnathiformes (the pipefishes and seahorses). This fish adopts a head-down, tail-up position as an adaptation for hiding among sea urchin spines. This fish is found in coastal waters in the Indo-West Pacific. Its natural habitat includes beds of seagrass and coral reefs, where sea urchins are found.

Seahorse
A seahorse (also written sea-horse and sea horse) is any of 46 species of small marine bony fish in the genus Hippocampus. The genus name comes from the Ancient Greek hippókampos (ἱππόκαμπος), itself from híppos (ἵππος) meaning "horse" and kámpos (κάμπος) meaning "sea monster" or "sea animal". Having a head and neck suggestive of a horse, seahorses also feature segmented bony armour, an upright posture and a curled prehensile tail. Along with the pipefishes and seadragons (Phycodurus and Phyllopteryx) they form the family Syngnathidae.