hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hales Gallery
51°31′27″N 0°4′26″W﻿ / ﻿51.52417°N 0.07389°W﻿ / 51.52417; -0.07389

Hales Gallery is a contemporary London art gallery located on Bethnal Green Road in Shoreditch owned by Paul Hedge and Paul Maslin. Hales Gallery opened in 1992 in Deptford, South London, before moving to the Tea Building, in Shoreditch, London's East End in 2004 and later opening a second space in Chelsea, New York City in 2018.

Virginia Jaramillo (artist)
Virginia Jaramillo is an American artist of Mexican heritage. Born in 1939 in El Paso, Texas, she was raised and educated in Los Angeles before moving to New York City. She has exhibited in exhibitions internationally since 1959.
Rusticucci
Rusticucci is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Girolamo Rusticucci (1537–1603), Italian cardinal

Iacopo Rusticucci (c. 1200 – after 1266), Florentine politician

Ricardo Rusticucci (1946–2014), Argentine sport shooter

Ricardo Rusticucci
Ricardo Antonio Rusticucci Fernández (16 May 1946 – 8 November 2014) was an Argentine sport shooter who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics, in the 1976 Summer Olympics, in the 1984 Summer Olympics, in the 1992 Summer Olympics, and in the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Radiator
A radiator is a heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in cars, buildings, and electronics.

A radiator is always a source of heat to its environment, although this may be for either the purpose of heating an environment, or for cooling the fluid or coolant supplied to it, as for automotive engine cooling and HVAC dry cooling towers. Despite the name, most radiators transfer the bulk of their heat via convection instead of thermal radiation.

Thermal energy
The term "thermal energy" is often used ambiguously in physics and engineering. It can denote several different physical concepts, including:

Internal energy: The energy contained within a body of matter or radiation, excluding the potential energy of the whole system.

Heat: Energy in transfer between a system and its surroundings by mechanisms other than thermodynamic work and transfer of matter.

The characteristic energy kBT, where T denotes temperature and kB denotes the Boltzmann constant; it is twice that associated with each degree of freedom.

Mark Zemansky (1970) has argued that the term "thermal energy" is best avoided due to its ambiguity. He suggests using more precise terms such as "internal energy" and "heat" to avoid confusion. The term is, however, used in some textbooks.
Lunda people
The Lunda (Balunda, Luunda, Ruund) are a Bantu ethnic group that originated in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo along the Kalanyi River and formed the Kingdom of Lunda in the 17th century under their ruler, Mwata Yamvo or Mwaant Yav, with their capital at Musumba. From there they spread widely through Katanga and into eastern Angola, north-western Zambia (the Kanongesha-Lunda and the Ishindi-Lunda), Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and the Luapula Valley of Zambia (the Eastern or Kazembe-Lunda).

Katanga Province
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
It was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba, and Haut-Katanga provinces. Between 1971 and 1997 (during the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko when Congo was known as Zaire), its official name was Shaba Province.

Katanga's area encompassed 497,000 square kilometres (192,000 sq mi). Farming and ranching are carried out on the Katanga Plateau. The eastern part of the province is a rich mining region which supplies cobalt, copper, tin, radium, uranium, and diamonds. The region's former capital, Lubumbashi, is the second-largest city in the Congo.
Chong Jargylchak
The Chong Jargylchak (Kyrgyz: Чоң Жаргылчак, Russian: Чон Джаргылчак) is a river in Jeti-Ögüz District of Issyk-Kul Region of Kyrgyzstan. It rises on north slopes of Teskey Ala-Too Range and flows into lake Issyk-Kul. The length of the river is 25 km (16 mi) and the basin area 137 square kilometres (53 sq mi). Average annual discharge is 2.32 m3/s (82 cu ft/s). The maximum flow is 25.3 m3/s (890 cu ft/s) and the minimum - 0.22 m3/s (7.8 cu ft/s). According to recent study conducted by Central-Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences the average annual discharge of the river increased to 3.32 m3/s (117 cu ft/s) (at gauging station Chong Jargylchak) over the period of 1994–2016, which is 153% higher than during monitoring period from 1940 to 1993, i.e. 2.16 m3/s (76 cu ft/s) due to climate change factors.

Issyk-Kul Region
Issyk-Kul is one of the regions of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Karakol. It is surrounded by Almaty Region, Kazakhstan to the north, Chüy Region to the west, Naryn Region to the southwest, and Xinjiang, China to the southeast. It takes its name from Lake Issyk-Kul, the world's second-largest high altitude lake. Its total area is 43,735 km2 (16,886 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 501,933 as of January 2021. The region has a sizeable Russian (8.0% in 2009) minority.
Walter Burnett Jr.
Walter Burnett Jr. (born August 16, 1963) is an American politician who served as the alderman for Chicago's 27th ward from 1995 to 2025. The 27th ward includes the West Loop, Greektown, East Garfield Park, Near North Side, Old Town, West Humboldt Park, West Town, Goose Island and the Illinois Medical District. From 2023 to 2025, he also served as vice mayor of Chicago.

East Garfield Park, Chicago
East Garfield Park is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States, located on the west of the Loop.

Taking its name from the large urban park, Garfield Park, the neighborhood is bordered by the Union Pacific railroad tracks on the north, Arthington and Taylor Streets on the south, Hamlin Avenue and Independence Boulevard to the west, and Rockwell Street to the east.
Lorraine Bowen
Lorraine Bowen (born 31 October 1961 in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire) is an English singer, songwriter, comedian and musician. Bowen has released eleven studio and compilation albums, and multiple singles as both a solo and contributing artist. She is known for appearing as a contestant on the ninth series of Britain's Got Talent.

Glasgay! Festival
Glasgay! Festival was a gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender arts festival in Glasgow, Scotland. From 1993 to 2014, it was part of the diversity of Glasgow's cultural scene, an annual Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Arts Festival held usually in October/November, formerly organised by GALA Scotland Ltd.
Michigan's 24th Senate district
Michigan's 24th Senate district is one of 38 districts in the Michigan Senate. The 24th district was created by the 1850 Michigan Constitution, as the 1835 constitution only permitted a maximum of eight senate districts. It has been represented by Republican Ruth Johnson since 2023, succeeding fellow Republican Tom Barrett.

Tom Barrett (Michigan politician)
Thomas More Barrett (born April 30, 1981) is an American politician, financial analyst, and former U.S. Army officer serving as the U.S. representative for Michigan's 7th congressional district since 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served in the Michigan Senate from 2019 to 2023 and in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2015 to 2019. His congressional district covers a seven-county area that includes Lansing.

Barrett was the Republican nominee for the district in the 2022 election, which he lost to Democratic incumbent Elissa Slotkin. He ran for the same seat again in 2024, defeating Democratic nominee Curtis Hertel Jr.
Enfant terrible (folklore)
The enfant terrible (pl.: enfants terribles) is a character appearing in the tales and myths of many cultures of West and Central Africa, mainly among the traditions of the Bambara and Madinka. Recognizable by unusual birth circumstances and precocious abilities, enfants terribles are known for transgressive behavior—often destructive or suicidal—that leave societies from which they spawned helpless to stop them. Depending on circumstances, they may ultimately return to the divine world or change into benevolent powers.

Bambara people
The Bambara (Bambara: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲, romanized: Bamana or ߓߊ߲ߡߊߣߊ߲ Banmana) are a Mandé ethnic group native to much of West Africa, primarily southern Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Burkina Faso and Senegal. They have been associated with the historic Bambara Empire. Today, they make up the largest Mandé ethnic group in Mali, with 80% of the population speaking the Bambara language, regardless of ethnicity.
Hans Dragehjelm
Hans Dragehjelm (Nykøbing, 17 February 1875 - Copenhagen, 2 April 1948) was a Danish teacher and child educator.

Dragehjelm is known for introducing the sandpit to Denmark in 1908, specifically on a plot of land in Christianshavn in Copenhagen. He also wrote several books and treatises on children's play in sandboxes, and was an advisor to the Ministry of the Interior on the design of playgrounds.

Dragehjelm worked together with landscape architect Carl Theodor Sørensen, and in 1943 they created the first construction playground, Emdrup Junk Playground.

Treatise
A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subjects concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions. A monograph is a treatise on a specialized topic.
Torsionless module
In abstract algebra, a module M over a ring R is called torsionless if it can be embedded into some direct product RI. Equivalently, M is torsionless if each non-zero element of M has non-zero image under some R-linear functional f:

This notion was introduced by Hyman Bass.

Hyman Bass
Hyman Bass (/ˈhaɪmən bæs/; born October 5, 1932) is an American mathematician, known for work in algebra and in mathematics education. From 1959 to 1998 he was Professor in the Mathematics Department at Columbia University. He is currently the Samuel Eilenberg Distinguished University Professor of Mathematics and Professor of Mathematics Education at the University of Michigan.
British Aerospace 125
The British Aerospace 125 is a twinjet mid-size business jet.  Originally developed by de Havilland and initially designated as the DH.125 Jet Dragon, it entered production as the Hawker Siddeley HS.125, which was the designation used until 1977 when Hawker Siddeley was merged into British Aerospace.  Later variants of the type were marketed as the Hawker 800 and Hawker 1000.

More than 60% of the total sales of the aircraft were to North American customers. It was also used by the Royal Air Force as a navigation trainer, as the Hawker Siddeley Dominie T1, and was operated by the United States Air Force as a calibration aircraft, under the designation C-29.

Quett Masire
Ketumile Quett Joni Masire, GCMG (23 July 1925 – 22 June 2017), was the second and longest-serving president of Botswana, in office from 1980 to 1998. He was given an honorary knighthood of the Grand Cross of Saint Michael and Saint George by Queen Elizabeth II (GCMG) in 1991.

He was a leading figure in the independence movement and then the new government, and played a crucial role in facilitating and protecting Botswana's steady financial growth and development. He stepped down in 1998 and was succeeded by Vice-President Festus Mogae, who became the third president of Botswana.
2012 The Jewish Home leadership election
The 2012 The Jewish Home leadership election was held on 5 November 2012 to elect the leader of The Jewish Home party. The election took place in advance of the 2013 Israeli legislative election. Naftali Bennett was elected as leader, defeating Zevulun Orlev.

A month before the leadership election, incumbent leader Daniel Hershkowitz announced that he would not contend.

National Union (Israel)
The National Union (Hebrew: האיחוד הלאומי, HaIhud HaLeumi) was an alliance of right-wing and nationalist political parties in Israel. In its final full form, the alliance consisted of four parties: Moledet, Hatikva, Eretz Yisrael Shelanu, and Tkuma. Leading up to the 2013 Knesset elections, only Tkuma remained, and joined The Jewish Home. During its existence, it had also included Ahi, Herut – The National Movement, the Jewish National Front, and Yisrael Beiteinu.
Barca, Soria
Barca is a municipality located in the province of Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain.

Included in the Natura 2000 network is a Site of Community Importance known as Riberas del Río Duero y afluentes (Riberas del Río Duero and tributaries), which occupies 43 hectares (110 acres).

Province of Soria
The Province of Soria (Spanish: Provincia de Soria) is a province of central Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. Most of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. It is bordered by the provinces of La Rioja, Zaragoza, Guadalajara, Segovia, and Burgos.

With a population of 90,183, it is the least populous province of Spain, as well as the least densely populated with a density of less than 9 inhabitants/km2, one of the lowest in the European Union.
Mike Beddow
Alan Michael Beddow (born 12 October 1941, St Helens) is a former English cricketer who was active from 1962 to 1966. He made his first-class debut in 1962 and appeared in 33 matches as a right-handed batsman who bowled right arm medium pace, playing for Lancashire. He scored 775 runs with a highest score of 112* and took fifteen wickets with a best performance of three for 10.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Velikite Balgari
Velikite Balgari (Bulgarian: „Великите българи“, The Great Bulgarians) is a Bulgarian spin-off of the 2002 BBC television program 100 Greatest Britons. Aired on the Bulgarian National Television's Kanal 1, its first stage began on 9 June 2006 and finished on 10 December, with a show on 23 December announcing the names of the Top 100 as chosen by popular vote. The Top 10 were announced in alphabetical order. In the second stage, which lasted until 17 February 2007, the viewers determined the order in the Top 10. Documentaries dedicated to every Top 10 personality were aired during the second stage.

BNT 1
BNT 1 (Bulgarian: БНТ 1, romanized: Be ne te edno) is a Bulgarian-language public television station founded in 1959. The headquarters are located in Sofia, Bulgaria. BNT 1 is run by Bulgarian National Television.
Google Video
Google Video was a free video hosting service, operated by Google from 2005 to 2012.

It was launched on January 25, 2005, and initially focused on searching TV program transcripts. It soon evolved to allow hosting video clips on Google servers and embedding onto other websites, akin to YouTube.

After Google's acquisition of YouTube, new video uploads ceased in 2009, and the service was ultimately shut down on August 20, 2012.

As of 2025, video.google.com now redirects to the Google Videos search engine.

Ffdshow
ffdshow is an open-source unmaintained codec library that is mainly used for decoding of video in the MPEG-4 ASP (e.g. encoded with DivX or Xvid) and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video formats, but it supports numerous other video and audio formats as well. It is free software released under GNU General Public License 2.0, runs on Windows, and is implemented as a Video for Windows (VFW) codec and a DirectShow filter.
Radin Umar Radin Sohadi
Radin Umar bin Radin Sohadi is a Malaysian academic administrator. He was the first Director-General of Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) when the agency established in 2007. From 2008 to 2010, he was appointed as the second Director-General of Higher Education, succeed Hassan Said. Then, he served as the 6th Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Putra Malaysia from 1 January 2011 until 31 December 2012. He resigned from the office due to health issue.

University of Putra Malaysia
University of Putra Malaysia (Malay: Universiti Putra Malaysia), abbreviated as UPM, is a Malaysian public research university located in Serdang, Selangor. Formerly it was named Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (Agricultural University of Malaysia), focusing on agricultural sciences and related fields. Since the 1990s, the fields of study have expanded to include human ecology, languages, architecture, medicine, computer science and biotechnology. Currently there are 15 faculties, 11 institutes and 2 schools covering these as well as agriculture, forestry, veterinary medicine, economics, engineering, sciences, and education.

UPM has been recognised as a research university since 2006, one of five present in Malaysia. In 2010, self-accreditation status was awarded by Malaysian Qualifications Agency to simplify the procedure of accrediting academic programs, strengthening its own Internal Quality Assurance (IQA) system to compete among local universities.
Skoronski
Skoronski is a surname of Polish descent. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Skoronski (1920–1992), American thoroughbred jockey

Bob Skoronski (1934–2018), American football player

Ed Skoronski (1910–1996), American football player

Peter Skoronski (born 2001), American football player

Anthony Skoronski
Anthony S. Skoronski (May 23, 1920 – September 5, 1992) was an American jockey in Thoroughbred horse racing. For more than a quarter of a century until retiring in 1969, he rode primarily at racetracks in the Chicago, Illinois area and at Oaklawn Park Race Track in Hot Springs, Arkansas. During his career he won the riding title eight times at Chicago's Sportsman's Park and two at Oaklawn Park.

Skoronski's most important Graded stakes race wins came aboard Challenge Me, a colt he rode to victory in the 1944 Arkansas Derby and the 1945 Hollywood Gold Cup.

In 1992 Tony Skoronski was living in Cicero, Illinois when he suffered a heart attack while at the local racetrack and was  pronounced dead on arrival at hospital. His career was honored with induction in the Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame.
Dansk Retursystem
Dansk Retursystem A/S is a Danish not-for-profit organization that handles the Danish Container deposit system. The company has a monopoly until at least 2020. The company is headquartered in Hedehusene and in 2008 it had a turnover of 842.3 million kroner.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Ron Kim (politician)
Ronald Tae Sok Kim (born May 2, 1979) is an American politician from New York City. He serves in the New York State Assembly representing the 40th District, which includes portions of Whitestone, Flushing, College Point, and Murray Hill in Queens. First elected in November 2012, Kim became the first Korean American elected in New York State. Speaker Carl Heastie appointed him as Vice-Chair of the Majority Conference of the New York State Assembly in January 2017 and Chair of Committee on Aging in January 2021.

Reason (magazine)
Reason is an American libertarian monthly magazine published by the Reason Foundation. As of 2024, the magazine has a circulation of about 50,000 (print and online), reaching nearly two million social media followers.
2013 BRD Arad Challenger
The 2013 BRD Arad Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Arad, Romania between 3 and 9 June 2013.

Franko Škugor
Franko Škugor (Croatian pronunciation: [frâŋko ʃkûɡor]; born 20 September 1987) is a Croatian inactive professional tennis player who mainly competes on the ATP Challenger Tour and specialized in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 17 achieved on 22 April 2019. He is best known for his very powerful serve up to 230 km/h (140 mph) along with very strong groundstrokes. Along with doubles partner and fellow Croatian Nikola Mektić, he reached the doubles semifinals at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships and with Brit Dominic Inglot the semifinals of the 2018 Wimbledon Championships. He also won the 2019 Monte-Carlo Masters with Mektic.

Škugor is a member of HTK Zagreb, his staff is Alan Marić (coach), Jurica Stančić (fitness coach) and Velibor Viboh (physiotherapist).

In November 2019, following the departure of Željko Krajan, Škugor captained the Croatia Davis Cup team at the 2019 Davis Cup.
Montreuil-Bonnin
Montreuil-Bonnin (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tʁœj bɔnɛ̃]) is a former commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Boivre-la-Vallée.

Vienne (department)
Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ vyen; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.
Éric Mbangossoum
Éric Mbangossoum (born 26 May 2000) is a Chadian footballer who plays as a midfielder for SuperSport United in the Premier Soccer League.

In his early career, Mbangossoum had spells with Racing Bafoussam of Cameroon, Elect-Sport of his homeland and Futuro Kings of Equatorial Guinea. He was called up and made his international debut for Chad on 5 September 2019 against Sudan.

Mbangossoum then moved to Moroccan club Union Touarga Sport. He helped win promotion to the Botola 2 in 2020 and then from the Botola 2 in 2022, making his Botola debut in October 2022.

In the 2023–24 season, it was among others reported that Mbangossoum was wanted by Tanzanian club Simba SC. In the summer window of 2024, he went to South Africa and signed for SuperSport United—a move to TS Galaxy having also been on the books. His goal in SuperSport United was to play in African continental club competitions.

TS Galaxy F.C.
TS Galaxy F.C. is a South African football club based in Kameelrivier (Nkangala District Municipality) near Siyabuswa (Mpumalanga) that plays in the Premiership.

The club is named after its owner, Tim Sukazi.