hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stelzer engine
The Stelzer engine is a two-stroke opposing-piston free-piston engine design proposed by Frank Stelzer. It uses conjoined pistons in a push-pull arrangement which allows for fewer moving parts and simplified manufacturing. An engine of the same design appeared on the cover of the February 1969 issue of Mechanix Illustrated magazine.

Piston
A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston for the purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder.
Mederville Bridge
The Mederville Bridge is a historic structure located in the unincorporated community of Mederville, Iowa, United States. It spans the Volga River for 156 feet (48 m). This is one of only a few open spandrel arch bridges constructed in Iowa. Designed by the Marsh Engineering Company of Des Moines, it replaced a covered timber Howe truss bridge. Clayton County rejected all of the original bids to build the structure when they all came in too high. Six companies bid a second time on the project, and F. E. Marsh and Company of Des Moines won. They completed in the bridge in 1918 for $17,454.32. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Volga River (Iowa)
The Volga River is an 80.7-mile-long (129.9 km) river in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is the major tributary of the Turkey River in the northeastern part of the state. The river runs through Fayette and Clayton counties before joining the Turkey River near Elkport.  The Turkey River then runs into the Mississippi River near the town of Cassville, Wisconsin. The Volga River State Recreation Area is a state park along the river near Fayette.
Rafael Melgoza Radillo
Rafael Melgoza Radillo (born 14 July 1946) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD).

He served in the Congress of Michoacán from 1984 to 1986. In the 1988 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the Michoacán's 13th district for the Popular Socialist Party (PPS).

In 2001–2006 he sat in the Senate for Michoacán as the alternate of Lázaro Cárdenas Batel, who had resigned his seat to contend for the governorship of Michoacán.

13th federal electoral district of Michoacán
The 13th federal electoral district of Michoacán (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 13 de Michoacán) is a defunct federal electoral district of the Mexican state of Michoacán.

During its existence, the 13th district returned one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. From 1979 onwards, votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.

Suspended in 1930,
it was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. 
The restored 13th district was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election and it elected its final deputy in the 2003 mid-terms. It was dissolved by the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in its 2004/05 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted 13 districts.
Nile Valley Civilizations
The term Nile Valley Civilizations is sometimes used in Afrocentrism or Pan-Africanism to group a number of interrelated and interlocking, regionally distinct cultures that formed along the length of the Nile Valley from its headwaters in Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan to its mouth in the Mediterranean Sea.

Introduced around 1970, it was popularized by Ivan Van Sertima in the 1980s and saw wide use in Afrocentric publications during the 1990s, e.g. 
Festus Ugboaja Ohaegbulam, Towards an understanding of the African experience from historical and contemporary perspectives, University Press of America (1990);  Runoko Rashidi, Introduction to the study of African clasical [sic] civilizations (1992), Walter Arthur McCray, The Black Presence in the Bible: Discovering the Black and African Identity of Biblical Persons and Nations, Urban Ministries Inc, (1995), etc.

Ivan Van Sertima
Ivan Gladstone Van Sertima (26 January 1935 – 25 May 2009) was a Guyanese-born British associate professor of Africana Studies at Rutgers University in the United States.

He was best known for his Olmec alternative origin speculations, a brand of pre-Columbian contact theory, which he proposed in his book They Came Before Columbus (1976). While his Olmec theory has "spread widely in African American community, both lay and scholarly", it was mostly ignored in Mesoamericanist scholarship, and has been called Afrocentric pseudoarchaeology and pseudohistory to the effect of "robbing native American cultures".
The Come Back, All is Forgiven Tour: Live
The Come Back, All is Forgiven Tour: Live is a live concert video by the British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, which was filmed during their 1989 tour. The concert video has also been released in a variety of guises as a live album.

Stuart Elliott (drummer)
Stuart Alexander Elliott (born 22 May 1953) is an English drummer. He was the original drummer for Steve Harley and Cockney Rebel and during his time with this band he became a session drummer playing for top artists such as Kate Bush, Al Stewart, The Alan Parsons Project, David Byron, Roger Daltrey, Paul McCartney, Claudio Baglioni, Lucio Battisti, among others.
Alf Pugh
Allen "Alf" Pugh (27 October 1869 – 7 February 1942) was a Welsh amateur football goalkeeper who made one appearance for Wales in 1889. He was the first player to be replaced by a substitute in international football.

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.
Security Forces Headquarters – Central
Security Forces Headquarters – Central (SFHQ-C) is a regional command of the Sri Lanka Army, that is responsible for the operational deployment and command all army units stationed in the Central and Southern parts of the island, this includes two divisions. The current Commander SFHQ-C is Major General M K S Silva RWP RSP ndu . The SFHQ-C is based at the Diyatalawa Garrison.

Although it is primary a command of the Sri Lanka Army it coordinates operations and deployments of ground units of the Navy, Air Force and police with that of the army in that area. Security Forces Headquarters – Central was formed splitting the Security Forces Headquarters – South which existed briefly.

Area of responsibility includes Kandy District, Matale District, Nuwara Eliya District, Badulla District, Monaragala District and Hambantota District.

Monaragala District
Monaragala (Sinhala: මොණරාගල දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Tamil: மொணராகலை மாவட்டம்) is a district in Uva Province of Sri Lanka. It is the second largest of the 25 districts in Sri Lanka, with an area of 5,636 km2 (2,176 sq mi).
Perpetuus
Perpetuus is Latin for "continuous, entire or universal", and can refer to:

People

Saint Perpetuus, sixth bishop of Tours

L. Marius Maximus Perpetuus Aurelianus II, a Roman consul (see List of late imperial Roman consuls)

Titles

dictator perpetuo, Latin for "dictator in perpetuity"

A parish priest of a particular type was called a perpetual curate (curatus perpetuus)

Other

Perpetuum mobile

Dictator perpetuo
Dictator perpetuo (English: "dictator in perpetuity"), also called dictator in perpetuum, was the office Julius Caesar held at the end of his life. He was granted the title between 26 January and 15 February during the year 44 BC. By abandoning the time restrictions of the regular Roman dictatorship, it elevated Caesar to a rank more akin to the ancient Roman kings. This change, among other monarchical tendencies, motivated his assassination a few weeks later on 15 March 44 BC.
Sam Weaver (baseball)
Samuel H. Weaver (July 20, 1855 – February 1, 1914) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played from 1875 to 1886. He played for the Philadelphia White Stockings, Milwaukee Grays, Philadelphia Athletics, Louisville Eclipse, and Philadelphia Keystones.

Louisville Colonels
The Louisville Colonels were a Major League Baseball team that played in the American Association (AA) throughout that league's ten-year existence from 1882 until 1891. They were known as the Louisville Eclipse from 1882 to 1884, and as the Louisville Colonels from 1885 to 1891; the latter name derived from the historic title of the Kentucky Colonel. After the AA folded in 1891, the Colonels joined the National League and played through the 1899 season.

"Colonels" was also the name of several minor league baseball teams that played in Louisville, Kentucky, in the 20th century.
Superman: The Feral Man of Steel
Superman: The Feral Man of Steel (Superman Annual #6) is a DC Comics Elseworlds special published in 1994, written by Darren Vincenzo, pencilled by Frank Fosco and inked by Stan Woch.

In 19th century India, Kal-El is raised by wolves. The story is loosely based on Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli stories, with added elements of Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan novels.

Feral child
A feral child (also called wild child) is a young individual who has lived isolated from human contact from a very young age, with little or no experience of human care, social behavior, or language. Such children lack the basics of primary and secondary socialization. The term is used to refer to children who have suffered severe abuse or trauma before being abandoned or running away. They are sometimes the subjects of folklore and legends, often portrayed as having been raised by animals. While there are many cases of children being found in proximity to wild animals, there are no eyewitness accounts of animals feeding human children.
Srbulja
A srbulјa (Serbian Cyrillic: србуља; in plural: srbulje) is a liturgical book written or printed in the Serbian recension of Church Slavonic, which was the literary and liturgical language of Serbs from the 12th century to the 18th century. The term was used for the first time by Vuk Karadžić in 1816 to differentiate liturgical books written in the Serbian recension from those written in the Russian recension, which gradually replaced srbulje during the 19th century.

Until the end of the 15th century, srbulje were only written books. Since 1494 (Cetinje Octoechos) until the middle of the 17th century, several printing houses printed srbulje.

Literary language
Literary language is the register of a language used when writing in a formal, academic, or particularly polite tone; when speaking or writing in such a tone, it can also be known as formal language. It may be the standardized variety of a language. It can sometimes differ noticeably from the various spoken lects, but the difference between literary and non-literary forms is greater in some languages than in others. If there is a strong divergence between a written form and the spoken vernacular, the language is said to exhibit diglossia.

The understanding of the term differs from one linguistic tradition to another and is dependent on the terminological conventions adopted.
Tanaka Isson
Tanaka Takashi (田中 孝, 22 July 1908 – 11 September 1977), known by his art name Tanaka Isson (田中 一村), was a Japanese Nihonga painter from the Shōwa period noted for his flower-and-bird paintings of the Amami Islands.

Amami Islands
The Amami Islands (Japanese: 奄美群島, Hepburn: Amami-guntō) are a Japanese archipelago in the Satsunan Islands, which is part of the Ryukyu Islands, and is southwest of Kyushu. Administratively, the group belongs to Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan and the Japan Coast Guard agreed on February 15, 2010, to use the name of Amami-guntō (奄美群島) for the Amami Islands. Prior to that, Amami-shotō (奄美諸島) was also used. The name of Amami is probably cognate with Amamikyu (阿摩美久), the goddess of creation in the Ryukyuan creation myth.
Zephyrarchaea austini
Zephyrarchaea austini or the Kangaroo Island assassin spider is a species of Australian assassin spiders that is endemic to the north west of Kangaroo Island, South Australia. It was discovered in 2010, and described 2012 by Michael G. Rix and Mark Harvey, and named for Andy Austin.

Mark Harvey (arachnologist)
Mark Stephen Harvey (born 17 September 1958) is a museum scientist and biologist specializing in Australian arachnids. Since 1989 he has been based at the Western Australian Museum as Curator of Arachnids and Myriapods. He has described over 1,000 species, being one of the few biologists to do so.
Charles-Ignace Gill
Charles-Ignace Gill (March 12, 1844 – September 16, 1901) was a Quebec lawyer and political figure. He represented Yamaska in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1871 to 1874 and in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1874 to 1879.

He was born in Saint-François-du-Lac, Canada East in 1844, the son of Ignace Gill and studied at the Collège de Nicolet and the Université Laval. He articled in law with Ulric-Joseph Tessier, was admitted to the bar in 1867 and set up practice at Sorel. In 1870, he married Marie-Rosalie-Delphine, the daughter of Louis-Adélard Senécal. In 1871, he was elected to the provincial assembly. He resigned in 1874 to run for a seat in the House of Commons. He resigned in 1879 when he was named as a judge to the Quebec Superior Court in Richelieu district; in 1886, he was named to Montreal district. He was also a director of the Montreal, Portland and Boston Railway.

He died in Montreal in 1901.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Globočica, Moravče
Globočica (Slovene pronunciation: [ɡlɔbɔˈtʃiːtsa], sometimes Globočice) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Moravče in central Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Limbarska Gora. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Moravče
The Municipality of Moravče (pronounced [mɔˈɾaːu̯tʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Moravče) is a municipality in the traditional region of Upper Carniola in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Moravče. Moravče became a municipality in 1994.
Penny Johnes
Penny Johnes is a British environmental scientist who is a professor of biogeochemistry at the University of Bristol. Her work focuses on the biogeochemistry of aquatic systems and the effects of food production and environmental change on inland and coastal water quality. She has advised the UK Government and intergovernmental organisations on nutrient enrichment in aquatic environments and its ecological consequences. She served as Chair of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Water Expert Advisory Group.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) is a ministerial department of the government of the United Kingdom. The department is responsible for environmental protection, food production and standards, agriculture, fisheries and rural communities in England. Concordats set out agreed frameworks for cooperation, between it and the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, which have devolved responsibilities for these matters in their respective nations.

Defra also leads for the United Kingdom on agricultural, fisheries and environmental matters in international negotiations on sustainable development and climate change, although a new Department of Energy and Climate Change was created on 3 October 2008 to take over the last responsibility; later transferred to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy following Theresa May's appointment as Prime Minister in July 2016.
The Jewish World
The Jewish World  is a Jewish weekly newspaper founded by Sam S. Clevenson on September 23, 1965, covering the Capital District of New York. It was also published under the names Schenectady Jewish World and Albany Jewish world. In 2008, after Clevenson died, his two children Laurie and James continued to publish the newspaper.

Capital District (New York)
The Capital District, also known as the Capital Region, is the metropolitan area surrounding Albany, the capital of the U.S. state of New York. With an estimated 1.3 million residents, the Capital District is one of the largest metropolitan areas and the fastest-growing region in Upstate New York.

The Capital District was first settled by the Dutch in the early 17th century and came under English control in 1664. Albany was the first city to be established in New York State, and has been the permanent capital of the state of New York since 1797. The Capital District is notable for many historical events that predate the independence of the United States, including the Albany Plan of Union and the Battles of Saratoga. Since 2020, the economy of Albany and the surrounding Capital District has been directed toward artificial intelligence, computer hardware, nanotechnology, and digital electronics.
Wright, Arkansas
Wright is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. Wright is located on Arkansas Highway 256, 7.5 miles (12.1 km) west-northwest of Sherrill. Wright has a post office with ZIP code 72182.

Sherrill, Arkansas
Sherrill is a town in Plum Bayou Township, Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Sherrill had a population of 53. It is included in the Pine Bluff, Arkansas Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Lyman limit
In physics and chemistry, the Lyman limit is the short-wavelength end of the Lyman series of hydrogen emission lines at 91.13 nm (911.3 Å). It indicates the energy emitted by an electron which is transferred from n=∞ to n=1. The associated photon energy, 13.6 eV, corresponds to the energy required for an electron in the hydrogen ground state to escape from the electric potential barrier that originally confined it, known as the ionization energy of Hydrogen, thus creating a hydrogen ion. This energy is equivalent to the Rydberg constant.

Photon energy
Photon energy is the energy carried by a single photon. The amount of energy is directly proportional to the photon's electromagnetic frequency and thus, equivalently, is inversely proportional to the wavelength. The higher the photon's frequency, the higher its energy. Equivalently, the longer the photon's wavelength, the lower its energy.

Photon energy can be expressed using any energy unit. Among the units commonly used to denote photon energy are the electronvolt (eV) and the joule (as well as its multiples, such as the microjoule). As one joule equals 6.24×1018 eV, the larger units may be more useful in denoting the energy of photons with higher frequency and higher energy, such as gamma rays, as opposed to lower energy photons as in the optical and radio frequency regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Ferrari 12Cilindri
The Ferrari 12Cilindri (Type F167; "dodici cilindri", Italian pronunciation: [ˈdoːditʃi tʃiˈlindri]; named for its engine) is a two-seater front-engine, rear-wheel-drive grand tourer produced by the Italian sports car manufacturer Ferrari. It was unveiled at Miami Beach on May 3, 2024, to coincide with the 70th anniversary of Ferrari in the American market.

The 12Cilindri was awarded the Compasso d’Oro industrial design award in 2025.

Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout
A front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FR), also called Système Panhard is a powertrain layout with an engine in front and rear-wheel-drive, connected via a drive shaft. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the pre-1950s automotive mechanical projects. It is also used in trucks, pickups, and high-floor buses and school buses.
Israel at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Israel competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.

The Israeli delegation included 3 figure skaters. Michael Shmerkin competed in the men's event, Galit Chait and Sergei Sakhnovski competed in ice dancing.

Sergei Sakhnovski
Sergei Sakhnovski (Hebrew: סרגיי סחנובסקי, Russian: Серге́й Сахно́вский; born May 15, 1975) is an Israeli ice dancer. With partner Galit Chait, he is the 2002 World bronze medalist for Israel. With previous partner Ekaterina Svirina, he is the 1993 World Junior champion for Russia.
Limbo of the Lost
Limbo of the Lost is a 2008 point-and-click adventure game developed by Majestic Studios for the PC. The game follows Benjamin Briggs, the real-life captain of the Mary Celeste, as he explores Limbo. Players act as an omnipresent guide for Briggs during his adventure.

Development on Limbo of the Lost began in the early 1990s as a graphical text adventure for the Atari ST and Amiga 500. Due to lessening demand of these platforms, the game was initially shelved, but later redeveloped for the PC during the 2000s. A few days after its North American release in 2008, Limbo of the Lost was withdrawn from sale when it was discovered the game plagiarized content from other titles.

Destiny
Destiny, sometimes also called fate (from Latin  fatum 'decree, prediction, destiny, fate'), is a predetermined course of events. It may be conceived as a predetermined future, whether in general or of an individual.
Taylor West
Taylor Louise West (born December 13, 1993) is a women's field hockey player from the United States. West was raised to the United States national team in 2016, from the development squad.

West's most notable performance with the team was at the 2016-17 Hockey World League Semifinals in Johannesburg, South Africa. West scored an equalising goal against Germany with two minutes remaining in the final, sending the game to a penalty shoot-out which the United States eventually won.

West was also a member of the national team at the 2017 Pan American Cup where the team won a bronze medal.

2016–17 Women's FIH Hockey World League Semifinals
The 2016–17 Women's FIH Hockey World League Semifinals took place in June and July 2017. A total of 20 teams competed in 2 events in this round of the tournament playing for 7 berths in the Final, to be played between 18–26 November 2017 in Auckland, New Zealand.

This round also served as a qualifier for the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup as the 10/11 highest placed teams apart from the host nation and the five continental champions qualified.