hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ray Pavlak
Raymond L. Pavlak (March 6, 1926 – April 1, 1994) was an American judge and politician.

From South St. Paul, Minnesota, Pavlak graduated from South St. Paul High School. He served in the United States Navy during World War II. Pavlak graduated from the University of St. Thomas and received his law degree from William Mitchell College of Law. He then practiced law. From 1965 until 1974, Pavlak served in the Minnesota House of Representatives and was a Democrat. In 1974, Pavlak was appointed Minnesota District Court judge and served until his retirement in 1994. Pavlak died at his home in South St. Paul. Minnesota.

South St. Paul, Minnesota
South St. Paul is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States, immediately south and southeast of St. Paul and east of West St. Paul. The population was 20,759 at the 2020 census. The town was a major meat-packing location, and many residents are descended from immigrants of Southern European and Eastern European heritage, who came to work in the meat-packing plants in the early twentieth century.

A post office called "South St. Paul" has been in operation since 1888. The city was named based on its location, south of St. Paul.

There is a high school and middle school called "South St. Paul Secondary", who is home to the South St. Paul Packers.
Pinball London
Pinball London is a film production company based in London, England. 
The company works with auteur filmmakers including Emir Kusturica, Sally Potter, Guillermo Arriaga and Jim Jarmusch. Pinball was founded by producer Paula Vaccaro in 2009 and is often involved in international co-production. In 2011 the company released The Silver Goat directed by Aaron Brookner, the first film produced for iPad exhibition.

Guillermo Arriaga
Guillermo Arriaga Jordán (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʎeɾmo aˈrjaɣa]; born 13 March 1958) is a Mexican novelist, screenwriter, director and producer. Self-defined as "a hunter who works as a writer," he is best known for his Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay nominations for Babel and his screenplay for The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada, which received the 2005 Cannes Best Screenplay Award.
Fernand Dorais
Fernand Dorais (March 8, 1928 – January 16, 2003) was a Canadian writer, Jesuit priest and academic. A professor of French literature and translation at Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario from 1969 to 1993, he was noted for his work as a key builder of Franco-Ontarian cultural identity, through both his academic research and his role in the development of many of the Franco-Ontarian community's contemporary cultural institutions.

Born in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Dorais was educated at the Université de Montréal, Columbia University and the Sorbonne. He taught at Collège Sainte-Marie de Montréal and Collège Lionel-Groulx in Saint-Jérôme in the 1950s and 1960s before moving to Sudbury to join the faculty at Laurentian University.

Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ syʁ ʁiʃ(ə)ljø], lit. 'Saint-Jean on Richelieu') is a city in eastern Montérégie in the Canadian province of Quebec, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Montreal, roughly halfway between Montreal and the Canada–United States border with the state of Vermont. It straddles the west and east banks of the Richelieu River (which is accompanied by a canal) at the northernmost navigable point of Lake Champlain. As of December 2019, the population was 98,036. The city has experienced steady growth, up from the official 2021 Census count of 97,873 residents. It hosts the annual International Balloon Festival of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, a hot air balloon festival which attracts thousands of tourists
Jennie Litvack
Jennie Ilene Litvack (1963–2019) was a Canadian  economist who worked at the World Bank.  From an early age, she was an enthusiastic trumpet player and was taught by Dizzy Gillespie, who considered her his god-daughter.  She became proficient at blowing the ceremonial Jewish horn – the shofar – and became its Mistress (ba’alat tekiya) for Adas Israel in Washington.

Shofar
A shofar (/ʃoʊˈfɑːr/ shoh-FAR; from שׁוֹפָר‎, pronounced [ʃoˈfar] ⓘ) is an ancient musical horn, typically a ram's horn, used for Jewish ritual purposes. Like the modern bugle, the shofar lacks pitch-altering devices, with all pitch control done by the player's varying their embouchure. The shofar is blown in synagogue services on Rosh Hashanah and at the end of Yom Kippur; it is also blown every weekday morning in the month of Elul running up to Rosh Hashanah. Shofars come in a variety of sizes and shapes, depending on the choice of animal and level of finish.
17th Primetime Emmy Awards
The 17th Emmy Awards, later known as the 17th Primetime Emmy Awards, were handed out on September 12, 1965.  The ceremony was hosted by Sammy Davis Jr. and Danny Thomas.  Winners are listed in bold and series' networks are in parentheses.

The structure of the ceremony was a complete departure from previous years. Categories were streamlined so that there were only four major categories (the previous year had 20 major categories). As a result of this, only five shows won an award. NBC's Hallmark Hall of Fame was the top show of the night, winning three major awards. The new format would be scrapped for the traditional one the following year and all subsequent Primetime Emmy Awards ceremonies.

Danny Thomas
Amos Muzyad Yaqoob Kairouz (January 6, 1912 – February 6, 1991), known professionally as Danny Thomas, was an American entertainer, producer, and philanthropist. After launching his career in the 1940s in radio and cinema, he created and starred in the 1953–1964 television sitcom Make Room for Daddy / The Danny Thomas Show, and went on to produce a number of successful television programs. In 1962, he leveraged his celebrity status to establish St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, a leading center in pediatrics research and treatment, with a focus on pediatric cancer. He was the father of Marlo Thomas, Terre Thomas, and Tony Thomas.
Afar–Somali clashes
The Afar–Somali clashes were territorial conflicts between the Afar and Somali Regions of Ethiopia. The current conflict which began in 2014, is centered around three special Kebeles inhabited by ethnic Somalis from the Issa Clan. These three special Kebeles include the Adaytu (Afar: Qadaytu, Somali: Cadayto) in Mille woreda, Undufo (Afar: Qundafaqo, Somali: Cundhufo) in Gewane woreda, and Gedamaytu (Afar: Gadamaytu, Somali: Garba-Ciise) in Amibara Woreda.

Amibara (woreda)
Amibara is a woreda in Afar Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 3, Amibara is bordered on the south by Awash Fentale, on the  west by the Awash River which separates it from Dulecha, on the northwest by the Administrative Zone 5, on the north by Gewane, on the east by the Somali Region, and on the southeast by Oromia Region. Towns in Amibara include Awash Arba, Awash Sheleko, Melka Sedi and Melka Were.

The notable landmarks in this woreda include the fissure vent Hertali (900 meters).
AJ Whalley
Adam "AJ" Whalley (born 20 May 1982) is an Australian former professional rugby union player.

Whalley grew up in the New South Wales city of Grafton and was an Australian under-21 representative as a loose forward. He played rugby for Warringah and after switching to the front row had two months with English club Bristol Shogun in late 2004, a stint organised by Bob Dwyer and funded by the Waratahs to give him experience.

Signed by the Western Force, Whalley relocated to Perth in 2005 and the following year undertook a tour of South Africa with the team. He didn't feature for the Force in their inaugural Super 14 season in 2006, spending a long period sidelined by a thumb injury, before breaking into the lineup in 2007 with seven appearances. Over the next two years, Whalley was a regular for the Force, then spent a season in France with US Dax before leaving professional rugby.

US Dax
Union Sportive Dax Rugby Landes, also known as US Dax, is a French rugby union club currently playing in Pro D2, the second level of the French league system.

They were founded in 1904. They play at Stade Maurice Boyau (capacity 7,262). They wear red and white. They are based in Dax in the Landes department  of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
Tryzub (organization)
The Tryzub (Ukrainian: Тризуб, lit. 'Trident') is a Ukrainian paramilitary organization founded in 1993 by the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists. Its full name is the Stepan Bandera All-Ukrainian Organization "Tryzub" (Всеукраїнська організація «Тризуб» імені Степана Бандери). Its main goal is to create the Ukrainian United Independent State (Українська Соборна Самостійна Держава, УССД). According to Tryzub, its enemies are "imperialism and chauvinism, fascism and communism, cosmopolitanism and pseudo-nationalism, totalitarianism and anarchism".

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
Jeannine Oppewall
Jeannine Claudia Oppewall (born November 28, 1946) is an American film art director. She has worked on more than 30 movies in such roles as production designer, set decorator and set designer, and has four Academy Award nominations for Best Art Direction for L.A. Confidential, Pleasantville, Seabiscuit and The Good Shepherd. Many of her film sets represented different time periods within the 20th century, including the 1930s (Seabiscuit), the 1950s (L.A. Confidential and Pleasantville), and from the 1960s (The Big Easy, The Bridges of Madison County and Catch Me If You Can).

The Big Easy (film)
The Big Easy is a 1986 American neo-noir romantic thriller film directed by Jim McBride and written by Daniel Petrie Jr. The film stars Dennis Quaid, Ellen Barkin, John Goodman, and Ned Beatty. The film was both set and shot on location in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The film was later adapted for a television series for two seasons on the USA Network (1996–1997).
Clark Mathis
Clark Mathis (sometimes credited as J. Clark Mathis) is an American cinematographer and television director.

As a cinematographer, he photographed a number of notable films. His credits include the Disney Channel original film Gotta Kick It Up! (2002), In the Mix (2005), Rocky Balboa (2006) and Brian Robbins-directed films The Perfect Score (2004), Norbit (2007), Meet Dave (2008) and A Thousand Words (2012), the latter three films starring Eddie Murphy. He also photographed for the television series Cousin Skeeter, The Fugitive, Birds of Prey and Love Bites.

He made his directorial debut with the film Bereft (2004), co-directing with actor Tim Daly. Since then he has primarily directed television, directing episodes of The Comeback, One Tree Hill, Blue Mountain State, Supah Ninjas and Grimm.

A Thousand Words (film)
A Thousand Words is a 2012 American fantasy comedy-drama film directed and produced by Brian Robbins, written by Steve Koren, produced by Nicolas Cage, and starring Eddie Murphy. It was produced by DreamWorks Pictures, Saturn Films, Varsity Pictures and Work After Midnight Films released in theaters by Paramount Pictures on March 9, 2012, four years after it was filmed.

Critics panned the film as formulaic and outdated, and for miscasting Murphy in a mostly silent role. It is currently one of a small number of films with a 0% rating on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes. It was also a box office bomb, grossing just $22 million worldwide on a $40 million budget. As of 2025, it is the last film directed by Robbins, who would move on into a career as a media executive, and was Murphy's last film appearance for four years until Mr. Church (2016).
Patterns (EP)
Patterns is a 3-song EP by Long Beach, California band, Repeater.  This EP was produced and mixed by Ross Robinson (At The Drive-In, Korn, The Cure) and mastered by Alan Douches.  It has been well-received by reviewers.

Ross Robinson
Ross Montgomery Robinson (born February 13, 1967) is an American record producer, best known for his discovery and work with rock/metal acts such as Korn, Glassjaw, The Blood Brothers, Slipknot, and Limp Bizkit, with his work with many of the acts giving him the moniker, The Godfather of Nu Metal. He has also produced and worked with other artists, including Tech N9ne, The Cure, Sepultura, and many others.
Let's Take the Long Way Around the World
"Let's Take the Long Way Around the World" is a song written by Archie Jordan and Naomi Martin, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie Milsap.  It was released in September 1978 as the second single from the album Only One Love in My Life.  The song was Milsap's eleventh number one on the country charts.  The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent ten weeks on the chart.

Only One Love in My Life
Only One Love in My Life is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Ronnie Milsap. The album produced two #1 hits for Milsap in the US, including the title track, which also peaked at #63 on the Billboard Hot 100. "Let's Take the Long Way Around the World," was the other #1 single. "Back on My Mind Again" also was released as a single, reaching #2 on country charts.

Only One Love in My Life reached #3 on Country album charts and reached the Billboard 200, peaking at #109. It was ultimately certified as Gold.
Thomas Skinner (British Army officer, died 1843)
Thomas Skinner (1800? – 1843), was a British soldier and author. He commanded the 31st Foot in the First Anglo-Afghan War in 1842 and 1843. While there he was made a C.B. and brevet lieutenant-colonel. In 1832 he had published Excursions in India and four years later Adventures during a Journey Overland to India.

First Anglo-Afghan War
The First Anglo-Afghan War was fought between the British Empire and the Emirate of Kabul from 1838 to 1842. The British initially successfully invaded the country taking sides in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad Khan (Barakzai) and former King Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they reinstalled upon occupying Kabul in August 1839. The main British Indian force occupied Kabul and endured harsh winters. The force and its camp followers were almost completely massacred during its 1842 retreat from Kabul.

The British then sent what was widely termed an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of the previous forces. After recovering prisoners, they left Afghanistan by the end of the year. Dost Mohammed returned from exile in India to resume his rule.

It was one of the first major conflicts during the Great Game, the 19th century competition for power and influence in Central Asia between Britain and Russia.
Halat, Iran
Halat (Persian: هلت; also known as Halat-e Chālāb Zard) is a village in Bijnavand Rural District, in the Zagros District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 33 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Peter Timmis
Peter John Timmis (30 July 1942 – 30 May 1988) was an English cricketer.  Timmis was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.  He was born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.

Timmis made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1963 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI.  Timmis played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1963 to 1979, which included 100 Minor Counties Championship matches.  In 1971, he made his List A debut against Glamorgan in the Gillette Cup.  He played 2 further List A matches for Staffordshire, against Dorset and Lancashire in the 1973 Gillette Cup.  In his 3 matches, he took 3 wickets at an average of 25.33, with best figures of 2/9.  Timmis made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties cricket team against the touring Indians in 1971.  He didn't bat in this match, but did bowl 12 wicket-less overs.

He died in Northampton, Northamptonshire on 30 May 1988.

1973 Gillette Cup
The 1973 Gillette Cup was the eleventh Gillette Cup, an English limited overs county cricket tournament. It was held between 30 June and 1 September 1973. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire County Cricket Club who defeated Sussex County Cricket Club by 40 runs in the final at Lord's.
Sucharit Bhakdi
Sucharit Bhakdi is a retired Thai-German microbiologist. In 2020 and 2021 Bhakdi became a prominent source of misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic, claiming that the pandemic was "fake" and that COVID-19 vaccines were going to decimate the world's population.

He was a professor at the University of Mainz, where he was head of the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene. The university has disassociated itself from Bhakdi's views on the coronavirus pandemic. In 2021 Bhakdi's publisher broke off relations following the appearance of an online video in which Bhakdi made antisemitic comments.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Lee Chien-lung
Lee Chien-lung (Chinese: 李乾龍) is a Taiwanese politician from New Taipei City and a member of the Kuomintang (KMT). He is the current Secretary-General of Kuomintang serving under Chairman Cheng Li-wun. Lee previously served as the Chairman of the KMT New Taipei City Chapter, Commissioner of the New Taipei City Department of Civil Affairs, and Mayor of Sanchong City, Taipei County. Lee ran unsuccessfully for a New Taipei City seat in the Legislative Yuan during both the 2012 and 2016 Taiwanese legislative election.

New Taipei City Government
The New Taipei City Government (NTPC; Chinese: 新北市政府; pinyin: Xīnběi Shìzhèngfǔ) is the municipal government of New Taipei City, a special municipality in Taiwan. The New Taipei City Hall is located in Banqiao District.
Purple-shot copper
The purple-shot copper (Lycaena alciphron) is a butterfly in the family of the Lycaenidae or copper butterflies and in the genus of the Lycaena.

The coloring of the males and the females is very different, i.e. the sexual dimorphism is very strong. The top sides of the wings are red-gold with black spots. The males fluoresce purple, while the females' top side is brown, also with black spots. The rear wings have submarginal spots.

The caterpillar is nocturnal and eats sorrel. The fully-grown butterfly feeds from wild thyme, ground-elder, and blackberry flowers.

The purple-shot copper can be found in Europe, Morocco, and Turkey at heights between 500 and 900 meters.

This butterfly migrates from June to July.

Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus Rubus, and hybrids between the subgenera Rubus and Idaeobatus. The taxonomy of blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.

Blackberry fruit production is abundant with annual volumes of 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) per 1 acre (0.40 ha) possible, making this plant commercially attractive.

Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan or Armenian blackberry) is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in many regions of the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, where it grows out of control in urban and suburban parks and woodlands.
Yield elasticity of bond value
The yield elasticity of bond value is the elasticity of the market value of a bond with respect to its yield—the percentage change in bond value divided by its causative percent change in the yield to maturity of the bond. Equivalently, it is the derivative of value with respect to yield times the (interest rate/value). This is equal to the Macaulay duration times the discount rate, or the modified duration times the interest rate.

If the elasticity is below -1, or above 1 if the absolute value is used, the product of the two measures, value times yield or the interest income for the period will go down when the yield goes up.

Discount window
The discount window is an instrument of monetary policy (usually controlled by central banks) that allows eligible institutions to borrow money from the central bank, usually on a short-term basis, to meet temporary shortages of liquidity caused by internal or external disruptions.

The interest rate charged on such loans by a central bank is called the bank rate, discount rate, policy rate, base rate, or repo rate, and is separate and distinct from the prime rate. It is also not the same thing as the federal funds rate or its equivalents in other currencies, which determine the rate at which banks lend money to each other.  In recent years, the discount rate has been approximately a percentage point above the federal funds rate (see Lombard credit).  Because of this, it is a relatively unimportant factor in the control of the money supply and is only taken advantage of at large volume during emergencies.
Joakim Nordström
Joakim Nordström (born 25 February 1992) is a Swedish professional ice hockey centre who is currently playing with HC Davos of the National League (NL). He won the World Championships in 2017 with Sweden and the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Blackhawks in 2015. He was selected by the Chicago Blackhawks in the third round, 90th overall in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. He is the brother of Dennis Nordström.

2017 IIHF World Championship
The 2017 IIHF World Championship, the 2017 edition of the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, was held from 5 to 21 May 2017 in Cologne, Germany and Paris, France. The official tournament mascots were Asterix and Obelix, the main characters from  popular French comic book series The Adventures of Asterix. The logo incorporates the silhouette of deceased German national team goaltender Robert Müller, who succumbed to a brain tumor at just 28 years of age. German tennis player Angelique Kerber, 1. FC Köln and German Olympic soccer team goalkeeper Timo Horn and Paris Saint-Germain F.C.'s Brazilian winger Lucas Moura were named celebrity ambassadors for the event.

Sweden won the tournament by defeating Canada 2–1 after a penalty shoot-out. Russia won the bronze medal game, defeating Finland 5–3.