hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Statutes (Definition of Time) Act 1880
The Statutes (Definition of Time) Act 1880 (43 & 44 Vict. c. 9) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that legally adopted Greenwich Mean Time throughout the island of Great Britain and Dublin Mean Time throughout Ireland.

Committee of the Whole House (United Kingdom)
In the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Committee of the whole House is a committee of the whole of one of the two Houses.

In the House of Commons, the Committee of the whole House is used instead of a public bill committee for the committee stage (clause-by-clause debate) of constitutional or ethical importance, or for contentious bills. The Finance Bill is always sent to a Committee of the whole House in the Commons. The sitting is presided over by the Chairman of Ways and Means, rather than the Speaker of the House, sitting in the clerk's chair (at the Table of the House) rather than the Speaker's chair normally occupied by the presiding officer, and is addressed as "Chair" instead of "Deputy speaker".

In the House of Lords, the Committee of the whole House examines the majority of bills.
Breault
Breault is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ann Breault (1938–2021), Canadian teacher, nurse, journalist and politician

Frank Breault (born 1967), Canadian ice hockey player

Henri Breault (1909–1983), Canadian doctor and medical researcher

Henry Breault (1900–1941), United States Navy submarine sailor

Kevin D. Breault, American sociologist

Michael Breault (born 1958), American game designer, editor, and author

Nicole Breault, American sailor

Robert Breault (born 1963), American operatic tenor

Henry Breault
Henry Breault (14 October 1900 – 5 December 1941) was a United States Navy submarine sailor who received the Medal of Honor for his actions while serving aboard the submarine USS O-5 (SS-66). He was the first submariner and he remains the only enlisted submariner to be awarded the Medal of Honor for actions aboard a United States submarine.
Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MUDH) is a government ministry in Afghanistan responsible for national urban policy, urban planning, housing-related programs, and coordination with municipalities and relevant agencies on city development and master planning.

In June 2025, Mawlavi Najibullah (Hayat) Haqqani was appointed as the minister of urban development and housing, succeeding Hamdullah Nomani (who was moved to another post), according to Afghan media reports.

Sadat Mansoor Naderi
Sayed Sadat Mansoor Naderi (Dari: سید سعادت منصور نادری) (born 3 March 1977) is an Afghan entrepreneur and politician. He was Afghanistan's State Minister for Peace from 2020 to 2021 and Minister of Urban Development and Housing from 2015 - 2018.
Euxoa aurulenta
Euxoa aurulenta, commonly known as the dune cutworm, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Smith in 1888. It is found in North America from Ontario west to Alberta and Washington, south to Illinois, Nebraska, Colorado and Arizona.

The wingspan is 35–39 mm. Adults are on wing in May to July. There is one generation per year.

The larvae probably feed on species of dune grass. In Michigan specimens have been collected in close proximity to the beach grasses Ammophila breviligulata and Calmovilfa longifolia.

Ammophila breviligulata
Ammophila breviligulata (American beachgrass or American marram grass) is a species of grass native to eastern North America, where it grows on sand dunes along the Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes coasts. Beachgrass thrives under conditions of shifting sand, sand burial, and high winds; it is a dune-building grass that builds the first line of sand dunes along the coast. Beachgrass is less vigorous in stabilized sand, and is only infrequently found further inland than the coastal foredunes. On the Atlantic coastline of North America, Ammophila breviligulata has been observed as far south as North Carolina, and is often planted in dune restoration projects. Ammophila breviligulata was introduced to the Pacific coast of North America in the 1930s. It is proving to be invasive, and is increasingly important to coastal ecology and development in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.
St. Gallen–Winterthur railway line
The St. Gallen–Winterthur railway line is a standard gauge railway line between St. Gallen and Winterthur, connecting the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen, Thurgau and Zürich. The 57.1 km (35.5 mi) long line was opened between 1855 and 1856 in four stages by the former St. Gallen-Appenzell Railway (St. Gallisch-Appenzellische Eisenbahn, SGAE) and belongs to the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB). It is part of the West-East main line in Switzerland.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Baddeley
Baddeley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aaron Baddeley, Australian-American golfer

Alan Baddeley, English professor of psychology
Baddeley's model of working memory

Angela Baddeley, English actress

Gavin Baddeley, English reverend and journalist

Herbert Baddeley, English tennis player

Hermione Baddeley, British actress

Frederick Henry Baddeley, geologist

Jack Baddeley, Australian politician

John Baddeley (disambiguation)

John F. Baddeley, British scholar and journalist

Jon Baddeley, English auctioneer

Lee Baddeley, Welsh footballer

M. J. B. Baddeley, English guidebook writer

Rex Baddeley (born 1941), New Zealand cricketer

Robert Baddeley (actor), English actor

Sophia Baddeley, English actress

Steve Baddeley, English badminton player

Thomas Baddeley (priest)

Tom Baddeley, English footballer

Wilfred Baddeley, English tennis player

Thomas Baddeley (priest)
Thomas Baddeley (1786 or 1787–1823), was an English Roman Catholic priest in Manchester.

Baddeley was the author of the Sure Way to find out the True Religion, a colloquial defence of Roman Catholic principles, largely mingled with invective against Protestantism. The author was stated to be dead in 1825. The tract reached a seventh edition in 1847, and provoked several replies.
Zalathiel Vargas
Zalathiel Vargas (born 1941) is a Mexican artist best known for his work in underground comix and illustrations. His work follows a number of the characteristics of comix including explicit sexuality and psychedelic imagery, but is distinguished by influence from Mexican “photo-novels” and strong social and political messages. His work has been exhibited in Mexico and abroad in venues such as the Palacio de Bellas Artes and the Museo de Arte Moderno as well as a retrospective at the Museo Universitario del Chopo of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

Museo de Arte Moderno
The Museo de Arte Moderno (MAM) is a museum dedicated to modern Mexican art located in Chapultepec Park in Mexico City.

The museum is part of the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura and provides exhibitions of national and international contemporary artists.  The museum also hosts a permanent collection of art from Remedios Varo, Gelsen Gas, Frida Kahlo, Olga Costa, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, Manuel Álvarez Bravo, Leonora Carrington, Rufino Tamayo, Juan Soriano, and Vicente Rojo Almazán.
Ahvaz National Resistance
The Ahvaz National Resistance (Persian: مقاومت ملی اهواز) is an ethnic Arab opposition movement in Iran that seeks an independent state in Khuzestan Province.

Described by Israeli newspaper Haaretz as "an umbrella organization of all armed movements", the Ahvaz National Resistance claimed responsibility for the 2018 Ahvaz military parade attack. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant later also claimed responsibility. Speaking to Iran International TV in London, Yaqoub al-Tostari, spokesman for one of the two groups that identify themselves as the Arab Struggle Movement for the Liberation of Ahvaz, said the Ahvaz National Resistance was behind the attack, which killed 25 people excluding the five assailants, but did not specify which group.

On 23 September 2018, Danish broadcaster DR stated that al-Tostari lives in Denmark and had an interview with him, explaining a day later that the name "Yaqoub al-Tostari" is a cover, and that his real name is known to the broadcaster.

Iranian Arabs
Iranian Arabs (Arabic: عرب إيران ʿArab-e Īrān; Persian: عرب‌های ايران Arabhā-ye Irān) are the citizens of Iran who are ethnically Arab. In 2008, their population stood at about 1.6 million people. They are primarily concentrated in the Khuzestan province.
Tasso, Benin
Tasso is a town and arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 9,234.

Borgou Department
Borgou [bɔʁ.ɡu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria and the departments of Alibori, Atakora, Collines and Donga. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The department of Borgou was bifurcated in 1999, with its northern territory transferred to the newly created Alibori Department.

According to the 2013 census, the total population of the department was 1,214,249, with 607,013 males and 607,236 females. The proportion of women was 50.00%. The total rural population was 56.40%, while the urban population was 43.60%. The total labour force in the department was 271,652, of which 25.20% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 64.30%.
Jan Broda
Jan Broda (24 April 1940 in Český Těšín – 17 May 2022) was a Czech long and triple jumper.

Representing Czechoslovakia, he finished tenth at the 1970 European Indoor Championships and fourteenth at the 1971 European Indoor Championships.

He became Czechoslovak champion triple jump champion in 1970, and long jump champion in 1965, 1968 and 1969. He became Czechoslovak indoor champion in 1969, 1970, 1971 and 1973 and long jump champion in 1970.

1970 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 1970 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held in 1970 at Wiener Stadthalle, Vienna, the capital of Austria, between 14–15 March 1970. It replaced the European Indoor Games, an indoor athletics competition which had been held since 1966.
1983 Fischer-Grand Prix – Doubles
Henri Leconte and Pavel Složil were the defending champions but only Složil competed that year with Tomáš Šmíd.

Složil and Šmíd lost in the first round to Eric Fromm and Eric Korita.

Mel Purcell and Stan Smith won in the final 6–3, 6–4 against Marcos Hocevar and Cássio Motta.

Mel Purcell
Mel Purcell (born July 18, 1959) is a former professional tennis player and coach from the U.S. His career-high singles ranking was world No. 21, achieved in November 1980. Purcell's finest moment was when he reached the quarterfinals of Wimbledon in 1983. He was head coach of the Murray State University men's tennis team from 1996 to 2016.
Lahiru Mudalige
Mudalige Don Buddika Lahiru (born 5 April 1983, Sinhala: ළහිරු මුදලිගේ), popularly as Lahiru Mudalige, is a television journalist as well as a media manager, producer, social media personality, music video director, and an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, and television. Started as a child artist, Mudalige became one of the popular television presenters in Sri Lanka by hosting the musical programs Hithata Wadina Eka, Handa Radi Peya and chat program Coffee with Lahiru and Muditha in a career spanning more than two decades.

Apart from that, he is also the founder of popular YouTube channel Hari TV and Hari Global. He pioneered in establishing talk-show based subscribe community in Sri Lanka on social media, mainly on YouTube and bringing the concept of "Good Journalism on Social Media". Apart from that, he introduced legacy media models within social media platforms.

Broadcast journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
Woodmansterne School
Woodmansterne School is a co-educational all-through school and sixth form located in the Streatham area of the London Borough of Lambeth, England.

It is a community school administered by Lambeth London Borough Council. Originally a primary school, in 2016 Lambeth London Borough Council launched a consultation on plans to construct a secondary school department on the existing school site. The school then admitted its first cohort of secondary-age pupils in September 2017.

Woodmansterne School offers GCSEs, BTECs and Cambridge Nationals as programmes of study for pupils, while students in the sixth form have the option to study from a range of  A-Levels and further BTECs.

Cambridge Nationals
Cambridge Nationals are a vocational qualification in the United Kingdom introduced by the OCR Examinations Board to replace the OCR Nationals. These are Level 1 and Level 2 qualifications for students aged 14 to 16  and are usually awarded after a two-year course. Students can progress to A Levels, apprenticeships or other Level 3 vocational qualifications within the national qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom.

OCR is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment.
Paleocadmus
Paleocadmus is a genus of radula known only from the Mazon Creek biota.  It is only known from isolated fossils around a centimetre in length, and a few mm wide (in one instance associated with a possible beak), but its morphology aligns it with the nautiloids, or perhaps the bactritoids or belemnoids.

Bactritida
The Bactritida are a small order of more or less straight-shelled (orthoconic) cephalopods that first appeared during the Emsian stage of the Devonian period (407 million years ago) with questionable origins in the Pragian stage before 409 million years ago, and persisted until the Carnian pluvial event in the upper middle Carnian stage of the Triassic period (231 million years ago). They are considered ancestors of the ammonoids, as well as of the coleoids (octopus, squid, cuttlefish, and the extinct belemnites).

Bactritids are distinguished from the more primitive nautiloids by the small size and globular shape of the protoconch, the so-called embryonic shell. Nautiloids have relatively large embryonic shells, and living species lay a few large eggs. In contrast, bactritids and ammonoids  produced large numbers of small eggs, each housing a small embryonic shell.
The Delmore Brothers
Alton Delmore (December 25, 1908 – June 9, 1964) and Rabon Delmore (December 3, 1916 – December 4, 1952), billed as The Delmore Brothers, were country music pioneer singer-songwriters and musicians who were stars of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1930s.  The Delmore Brothers, together with other brother duos such as the Louvin Brothers, the Blue Sky Boys, the Monroe Brothers (Birch Monroe, Charlie Monroe and Bill Monroe), the McGee Brothers, and The Stanley Brothers, had a profound impact on the history of country music and American popular music. The duo performed extensively with old time fiddler Arthur Smith as the Arthur Smith Trio throughout the 1930s.

Birch Monroe
Birch Monroe (May 16, 1901 – May 15, 1982) was an American old time and early bluegrass fiddler, bassist, dancer, founding member of the Monroe brothers, and older brother to Charlie and Bill Monroe. He grew up on a farm with five brothers and sisters before leaving it in the late twenties. Unlike brothers Charlie and Bill he chose to not pursue a career in music.
Trolleybuses in Ashton-under-Lyne
The Ashton-under-Lyne trolleybus system once served the market town of Ashton-under-Lyne, now in the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, Greater Manchester, north west England.

Opened on 26 February 1925 (1925-02-26), the Ashton system gradually replaced the Ashton-under-Lyne tramway network.  By the standards of the various now-defunct trolleybus systems in the United Kingdom, it was a small one, with a total of only five routes, and a maximum fleet of 19 trolleybuses.  It was closed on 31 December 1966 (1966-12-31).

The Ashton trolleybus system also served the city of Manchester.

Two of the former Ashton system trolleybuses are now preserved.  One of them is at the Greater Manchester Transport Museum in Cheetham, Manchester, and the other one is based at the East Anglia Transport Museum, Carlton Colville, Suffolk.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
Letterenhuis
The Letterenhuis ("House of Literature") is a Belgian non-profit organization located in Antwerp. The Letterenhuis collects and archives information of Flemish artists, musicians, and writers, as well as portraits concerning Flemish culture as from 1750. The Letterenhuis fulfills two tasks: on the one hand it is an archiving and documentation centre and on the other hand it is a museum. The most interesting part of its collection are the manuscripts of famous Belgian authors like Hendrik Conscience, Willem Elsschot and the contemporary writer Tom Lanoye. In 2012 the Letterenhuis featured a theme exhibition about Louis Paul Boon to honor his one hundredth birth year.

Hendrik Conscience
Henri (Hendrik) Conscience (3 December 1812 – 10 September 1883) was a Belgian author. He is considered the pioneer of Dutch-language literature in Flanders, writing at a time when Belgium was dominated by the French language among the upper classes, in literature and government. Conscience fought as a Belgian revolutionary in 1830 and was a notable writer in the Romanticist style popular in the early 19th century. He is best known for his romantic nationalist novel, The Lion of Flanders (1838), inspired by the victory of a Flemish peasant militia over French knights at the 1302 Battle of the Golden Spurs during the Franco-Flemish War.

Over the course of his career, he published over 100 novels and novellas and achieved considerable popularity. After his death, with the decline of romanticism, his works became less fashionable but are still considered as classics of Flemish literature.
Vincenzo Miserendino
Vincenzo "Vincent" Miserendino (January 29, 1875 – December 26, 1943) was an Italian-American artist and sculptor born in Sicily and active in New York City during the first half of the 20th century. He studied art first in Palermo at the age of 13 and then in Rome at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma (Academy of Fine Arts at Rome). He immigrated to the United States in 1894 at the age of nineteen, and settled on the lower east side of Manhattan, working in many odd jobs while trying to establish himself as an artist.

Currently his sculptures can be found throughout the United States and many are catalogued in the Smithsonian Institution's Research Information Service.

Richard E. Byrd
Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

Byrd claimed to be the first to reach both the North and South Poles by air. However, there is some controversy as to whether he was actually the first person to reach the North Pole. It is generally believed that the distance he claimed to have flown was longer than the possible fuel range of his airplane.

He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration, and the Navy Cross, the second highest honor for valor given by the U.S. Navy.
Neighbors' Alternative
Neighbors' Alternative (Galician: Alternativa dos Veciños; AV) is a left-wing political party initially active in the Comarca of A Coruña, Galicia that has since expanded to the broader province of A Coruña, as well as to Pontevedra.

Oleiros, Galicia
Oleiros (Spanish and Galician: [oˈlejɾos] ⓘ) is a municipality of northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. The whole municipality is basically a residential area and the vast majority of its residents commute on a daily basis to the neighbor city of A Coruña. Oleiros is the wealthiest municipality in Galicia, it enjoys very high living standards and is notably famous for its public gardens and for a very careful urban planning. The population is more dense in the four major urban areas of Oleiros: Santa Cristina-Perillo, Santa Cruz, Oleiros and Mera. The wealthiest inhabitants of Oleiros usually live in suburbs outside these urban areas. Many of these suburbs are composed of terraced or semidetached houses. Some rural areas still exist all across the municipality.
Grange Park railway station
Grange Park railway station is situated just off The Grangeway, Grange Park in the London Borough of Enfield, north London, in London fare zone 5. It is 8 miles 35 chains (8.44 miles, 13.58 km) down the line from London King's Cross on the Hertford Loop Line. The station and all trains serving it are operated by Great Northern. Although located on the original 1871 route between Wood Green (now known as Alexandra Palace) and Enfield, this station opened in 1910 at the same time as the line was extended northwards from Enfield to Cuffley.

London Borough of Enfield
The London Borough of Enfield (pronunciationⓘ) is a London borough in Greater London, England. The main communities in the borough are Edmonton, Enfield, Southgate and Palmers Green. Enfield is an Outer London borough and forms part of North London, being the northernmost borough and bordering Hertfordshire to the north and Essex to the northeast. The local authority is Enfield London Borough Council, based at Enfield Civic Centre. The borough's population is estimated to be 333,794.

It borders the London boroughs of Barnet to the west, Haringey to the south, and Waltham Forest to the southeast. To the north are the districts of Hertsmere, Welwyn Hatfield and Broxbourne (in Hertfordshire), and to the east is Epping Forest District in Essex.