hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Strickland
Thomas Lee Strickland (born May 16, 1952) is an American lawyer who was formerly chief of staff to Interior Secretary Ken Salazar and Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks in the Interior Department. Strickland served as United States Attorney for Colorado and was the Democratic nominee for U.S. Senate for Colorado in 1996 and 2002. He joined WilmerHale as a partner in September, 2011.

The Denver Post
The Denver Post is a daily newspaper and website published in the Denver metropolitan area. In 2016, its website received roughly six million monthly unique visitors generating more than 13 million page views, according to comScore.
Fricis Kaņeps
Fricis Kaņeps (10 August 1916, in Ventspils – 30 November 1981, in Staicele) was a Latvian footballer. He was one of the most powerful Latvian forwards of the 1930s who didn't have a very good technique but compensated it mostly by his physical strength. In earlier years when still playing in Ventspils Kaņeps also played in defence.

Latvian Higher League
Latvian Higher League or Virslīga, also known as TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Latvia and the highest level of the Latvian football league system. Organised by the Latvian Football Federation, the league is contested by ten clubs.
Zirconium granuloma
Zirconium granulomas are a skin condition characterized by a papular eruption involving the axillae, and are sometimes considered an allergic reaction to deodorant containing zirconium lactate.: 46  They are the result of a delayed granulomatous hypersensitivity reaction, and can also occur from exposure to aluminum zirconium complexes. Commonly, zirconium containing products are used to relieve toxicodendron irritation. The lesions are similar to those from sarcoidosis, and commonly manifest four to six weeks after contact. They appear as erythematous, firm, raised, shiny papules. Corticosteroids are used to ease the inflammation, but curative treatment is currently unavailable.

Papule
A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a dip. It can appear with a stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm and its surface may be rough or smooth. Some have crusts or scales. A papule can be flesh colored, yellow, white, brown, red, blue or purplish. There may be just one or many, and they may occur irregularly in different parts of the body or appear in clusters. It does not contain fluid but may progress to a pustule or vesicle. A papule is smaller than a nodule; it can be as tiny as a pinhead and is typically less than 1 cm in width, according to some sources, and 0.5 cm according to others. When merged together, it appears as a plaque.

A papule's colour might indicate its cause, such as white in milia, red in eczema, yellowish in xanthoma and black in melanoma. They may open when scratched and become infected and crusty.
Maiden's Prayer
"[A] Maiden's Prayer" (original Polish title: "Modlitwa dziewicy" Op. 4, French: "La prière d'une vierge") is a composition of Polish composer Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska (1834–1861). It was published in 1856 in Warsaw, and then as a supplement to the Revue et gazette musicale de Paris in 1859. It is a short piano variations piece of medium difficulty for intermediate pianists. Some have liked it for its charming and romantic melody; others have described it as "sentimental salon tosh."

Revue et gazette musicale de Paris
The Revue musicale (French pronunciation: [ʁəvy myzikal]) was a weekly musical review founded in 1827 by the Belgian musicologist, teacher and composer François-Joseph Fétis, then working as professor of counterpoint and fugue at the Conservatoire de Paris. It was the first French-language journal dedicated entirely to classical music. In November 1835 it merged with Maurice Schlesinger's Gazette musicale de Paris ([ɡazɛt myzikal də paʁi]; first published in January 1834) to form Revue et gazette musicale de Paris ([ʁəvy e ɡazɛt myzikal də paʁi]), first published on 1 November 1835. It ceased publication in 1880.
Benjamin Franklin Smith
Benjamin Franklin Smith (May 8, 1865 – May 20, 1944) was a produce dealer and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Carleton County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1903 to 1908, from 1915 to 1920 and from 1925 to 1930 as a Conservative member. Smith represented Victoria-Carleton in the House of Commons of Canada from 1930 to 1935 as a Conservative member and served in the Senate of Canada from 1935 to 1944.

He was born in Jacksonville, New Brunswick. Smith ran unsuccessfully for a federal seat in 1908, 1911 and 1921. He served in the province's Executive Council as Minister of Public Works from 1916 to 1917. Smith died in office at the age of 79 in Ottawa.

Department of Transportation and Infrastructure (New Brunswick)
The Department of Transportation and Infrastructure is a part of the Government of New Brunswick. It is charged with maintenance of government facilities and the province's highway network. From 1855 to 1912, it was known as the Board of Public Works. From 1912 to 1967, it was known as Department of Public Works and Highways. In 1967, its functions were divided between the Department of Public Works and the Department of Transportation. In 2012, the Department of Transportation and the infrastructure management components of the Department of Supply and Services (the successor to the Department of Public Works) were merged back together.

To see the ministers : Minister of the Department of Transportation and Infrastructure (New Brunswick)
Ohio State Route 51
State Route 51 (SR 51) is a northwest-southeast highway (signed north-south) in northwest Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 20 just south of Elmore, Ohio, and its northern terminus is at its interchange, along with State Route 184, at U.S. Route 23 in Sylvania, Ohio. Before an ODOT signage project in 2010, the northern (western) portion of the route, from its northern (western) terminus to the Maumee River was signed as an east-west route.  The portion from the Maumee to its southern (eastern) terminus was signed north-south.  ODOT has now signed all portions as north-south.

Elmore, Ohio
Elmore is a village in Ottawa and Sandusky counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 1,370 at the 2020 census.

The Ottawa County portion of Elmore is part of the Toledo Metropolitan Area, while the Sandusky County portion is part of the Fremont, Ohio micropolitan area.
Baikonur (Ulytau Region)
Baikonur or Baiqoñyr is a small mining town in central Kazakhstan near Jezkazgan. Coal mining began in 1914.

In 1961, the name was appropriated for the Baikonur Cosmodrome about 320 kilometres southwest of the older mining town; some sources state this was done in order to keep the actual location of the cosmodrome secret. Leninsk, the town built to support the cosmodrome, was renamed Baikonur in 1995 after the fall of the Soviet Union.

Jezkazgan
Jezkazgan (also spelled Zhezkazgan) is a city and the administrative centre of Ulytau Region, Kazakhstan. Its urban area includes the neighbouring mining town of Satpayev, for a total city population of 148,700. Jezkazgan's population was 86,227 (2009 census results); 90,001 (1999 census results).

55% of Zhezqazghan's population are Kazakhs and 30% Russians, with smaller minorities of Ukrainians, Germans, Chechens and Koreans.
Aymaumakhi
Aymaumakhi (Russian: Аймаумахи; Dargwa: ГӀяймаумахьи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Aymaumakhinskoye Rural Settlement, Sergokalinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  256 (2010 Census); 337 (2002 Census); 272 (1989 Soviet census). There is 1 street.

Dargwa language
Dargwa (дарган мез, dargan mez) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Dargin people in the Russian republic Dagestan. This article discusses the literary dialect of the dialect continuum constituting the Dargin languages. It is based on the Aqusha and Urakhi dialects of Northern Dargin.
MLS Cup 2010
MLS Cup 2010 was the 15th edition of the MLS Cup, the championship match of Major League Soccer (MLS), the top-flight soccer league in the United States and Canada. The match took place on November 21, 2010, at BMO Field in Toronto, Ontario, the first Canadian city to host the league's championship. It was contested by the Colorado Rapids and FC Dallas, both from the Western Conference, to determine the champion of the 2010 season. The 2010 edition was the fourth MLS Cup to feature finalists from the same conference.

Colorado won 2–1 over Dallas on an own goal in extra time, as a shot by Rapids forward Macoumba Kandji was deflected on goal by Dallas defender George John. The match kicked off at 8:30 pm EST, and was televised by ESPN and Galavisión in the United States, and by TSN2 in Canada.

As a result of their victory, the Colorado Rapids earned direct Group Stage berth in the 2011–12 CONCACAF Champions League. FC Dallas earned a preliminary round spot in the Champions League.

Galavisión
Galavisión is an American Spanish-language pay television network owned by TelevisaUnivision. The network is unrelated to the earlier Mexican channel of the same name, though both broadcast Televisa-produced programming.

As of February 2015, approximately 68,355,000 American households (58.7% of households with television) received Galavisión.
KISD (FM)
KISD (98.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an oldies format. The station serves the Pipestone and Worthington areas, with rimshot coverage in the Marshall and Sioux Falls areas. The station is currently owned by Collin Christensen and Carmen Christensen, through licensee Christensen Broadcasting, LLC. KISD derives a portion of its programming from Scott Shannon's The True Oldies Channel from ABC Radio.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Bugei jūhappan
The Bugei jūhappan (武芸十八般 "Eighteen Kinds Of Martial Arts") is a selection of combat techniques and martial arts used by the samurai of Tokugawa-era Japan.  Established by Hirayama Gyozo, the concept is based on earlier Chinese traditions, such as Eighteen Arms of Wushu.

Kusarigamajutsu
Kusarigamajutsu (鎖鎌術:くさりがまじゅつ) is the art of using the Japanese weapon kusarigama.

Kusarigamajutsu is featured in several separate martial arts such as Tendō-ryū, Suiō-ryū and Shintō Musō-ryū. The kusarigama is made up of three parts: the kama (a wooden handle with a curved blade (traditionally straight) protruding at a right-angle on one end, and a small loop at the other), and the kusari (a chain attached to the kama) and a weight at the end of the chain. In a confrontation the kusari is swung in wide sweeping arcs to distract and entangle the opponent and the kama is used to deliver a fatal strike.
Trehalase
Trehalase enzymes are hydrolytic glycosidases, produced by most forms of life (except mammals), which catalyze the reduction of trehalose (α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,1-α-D-glucopyranoside) - a non-reducing sugar and important storage carbohydrate - into glucose.

These enzymes are commonly found within brush border cells on the surface of the small intestine, and are present in most animals.

Two different trehalase enzymes have been isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and are classified according to the optimum working pH; where neutral trehalase (NT) has an optimum pH of 7.0, while that of acid trehalase (AT) is pH 4.5.

Recent studies of trehalase in S.cerevisiae have reported over 90% of AT activity is dedicated to extracellular cleavage of trehalose to glucose within the periplasmic space.

Periplasm
The periplasm is a concentrated gel-like matrix in the space between the inner cytoplasmic membrane and the bacterial outer membrane called the periplasmic space in Gram-negative (more accurately "diderm") bacteria. Using cryo-electron microscopy it has been found that a much smaller periplasmic space is also present in Gram-positive bacteria (more accurately "monoderm"), between cell wall and the plasma membrane. The periplasm may constitute up to 40% of the total cell volume of gram-negative bacteria, but is a much smaller percentage in gram-positive bacteria.
Katja Hölttä-Otto
Katja Hölttä-Otto is a Finnish mechanical engineer and an expert in modular product design. She has worked as an engineering processor in Finland, Singapore, the US, and Australia; she is Professor of Engineering Design at the University of Melbourne.

Modular design
Modular design, or modularity in design, is a design principle that subdivides a system into smaller parts called modules (such as modular process skids), which can be independently created, modified, replaced, or exchanged with other modules or between different systems.
Smith v Croft (No 2)
Smith v Croft (No 2) [1988] Ch 114 is a UK company law case concerning derivative claims. Its principle that in allowing a derivative claim to continue the court will have regard to the majority of the minority's views has been codified in Companies Act 2006, section 263(4).

Derivative suit
A shareholder derivative suit is a lawsuit brought by a shareholder on behalf of a corporation against a third party. Often, the third party is an insider of the corporation, such as an executive officer or director. Shareholder derivative suits are unique because under traditional corporate law, management is responsible for bringing and defending the corporation against suit. Shareholder derivative suits permit a shareholder to initiate a suit when management has failed to do so. To enable a diversity of management approaches to risks and reinforce the most common forms of corporate rules with a high degree of permissible management power, many jurisdictions have implemented minimum thresholds and grounds (procedural and substantive) to such suits.
Ferny Creek Trail
The Ferny Creek Trail is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians, which follows Ferny and Corhanwarrabul Creeks through the suburbs of Knoxfield and Ferntree Gully in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Bicycle Victoria is campaigning for a connection between the Dandenong Creek Trail and the western end of the Ferny Creek Trail at Stud Road. The path would have to be extended along Corhanwarrabul Creek beside the Caribbean Gardens. The connection is also as proposed by Parks Victoria and support for the project is ALP policy. An underpass would have to be built as part of the EastLink project.

Ferny and Monbulk creeks combine to become the Corhanwarrabul Creek, 1.2 km east of Stud Road.

History of the City of Monash
The City of Monash was created on 15 December 1994 when the Kennett Liberal government amalgamated local councils all over Victoria, merging a substantial portion of the former City of Oakleigh with the whole of the former City of Waverley.
Neil Bluhm
Neil Gary Bluhm (born 1938) is an American billionaire real estate and casino magnate. He is a partner of Midwest Gaming & Entertainment, which owns several casinos. He had an estimated net worth of US$8.6 billion in September 2025.

Magnate
A magnate was a man from the higher nobility, a man who belonged to the high office-holders, or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities in Western Christian countries since the medieval period. It also includes the members of the higher clergy, such as bishops, archbishops and cardinals. In reference to the medieval, the term is often used to distinguish higher territorial landowners and warlords, such as counts, earls, dukes, and territorial-princes from the baronage. In Poland the szlachta (nobles) constituted one of the largest proportions of the population (around 10–12%) and 'magnat' refers to the richest nobles, or nobles of the nobility - even though they had equal voting rights in Poland's electoral monarchy.
Lycée Jean-Zay
Lycée Jean-Zay (trans. Jean Zay High School) is a public high school located in Thiers, Puy-de-Dôme, France, founded in 1933. It is a general and technical school, specialising in industrial and technical training and offering Brevet de téchnicien supérieur (BTS) qualifications and preparatory classes for the grandes écoles (prépa) in addition to the standard baccalauréat.

Secondary education in France
In France, secondary education is in two stages:

Collèges (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ]) cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 14.

Lycées (French pronunciation: [lise]) provide a three-year course of further secondary education for students between the ages of 15 and 19 (although some lycées host higher education courses like CPGE or BTS). Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat (French pronunciation: [bakaloʁea]; baccalaureate, colloquially known as bac, previously bachot), which can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life. There are three main types of baccalauréat: the baccalauréat général, baccalauréat technologique and baccalauréat professionnel.
Cyclorama of Jerusalem
The Cyclorama of Jerusalem is located in Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, Quebec, near the Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré. It is a cyclorama, a circular painting, of the Crucifixion of Jesus, showing what the city of Jerusalem might have looked like at the time of his death.

Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré
The Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré (French: Basilique Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré) is a basilica set along the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada, 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Quebec City, and one of the six national shrines of Canada. It has been credited by the Catholic Church with many miracles of curing the sick and disabled. It is an important Catholic sanctuary, which receives about a half-million pilgrims each year. Since 1933 they have included members of the Anna Fusco Pilgrimage from Connecticut. The peak period of pilgrimage is around July 26, the feast of Saint Anne, the patron saint of sailors.
Talakag
Talakag, officially the Municipality of Talakag (Bukid and Higaonon: Banuwa ta Talakag; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Talakag; Tagalog: Bayan ng Talakag), is a  municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 77,027 people.

It is located on the border to major cities of Cagayan de Oro and Iligan, and between Marawi and Malaybalay, the provincial capital.

Higaonon language
Higaonon is a Manobo language spoken by the Higaonon people on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. It is partially (80%) intelligible with Binukid.

Higaonon is spoken in the Butuan River basin of north-central Mindanao, comprising the entire Misamis Oriental, northern parts of Bukidnon, northwestern Agusan del Sur Province and the area of Agusan del Norte Province south of Butuan. According to Ethnologue, it is closely related to Binukid, with 77%–81% mutual intelligibility.
Rui Semedo
Rui Mendes Semedo (born 7 October 1956) is a professor and politician from Cape Verde. He is the current president of the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV) since December 2021.

Semedo served as Minister of Parliamentary Affairs from 2011 to 2014, and Minister of National Defense from 2014 to 2016.

African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde
The African Party for Independence of Cape Verde (Portuguese: Partido Africano da Independência de Cabo Verde, PAICV) is a democratic socialist political party in Cape Verde. It was the sole legal party in the country from 1981 to 1990. Its members are nicknamed "os tambarinas" (the tamarinds) in Portuguese, and they identify themselves with the color yellow. Their rivals are the centrist Movement for Democracy, or the wind fans, and the conservative Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union.
New Rochelle Art Association
The New Rochelle Art Association (NRAA) was founded in 1912 by artists and residents of the city of New Rochelle in Westchester County, New York. By 1912 the community had transformed into a true artists colony, home to many notable artists of the time including  Frederic Remington,  Alta West Salisbury, Edward Kemble,  Rufus Fairchild Zogbaurn, Orson Lowell, F. Wellingon Ruckstuhl, Ernest Albert, Homer Emons, Frederick Dana Marsh, Remington Schuyler, Lucius Wolcott Hitchcock, George T. Tobin,  Leon Shafer,  Charles Ayer, Herman Lambden and Armand Both.

New Rochelle, New York
New Rochelle (/rəˈʃɛl/ rə-SHEL) is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) from Midtown Manhattan. In 2020, the city had a population of 79,726, making it the 7th-largest city and 22nd-most populous municipality in New York.
Reginald Caton
Reginald Ashley Caton (1897–1971) was an English publisher. He appears as a literary character, especially in novels by Kingsley Amis.

In 1924, he founded the Fortune Press in London, specialising in gay erotica. Repeated legal difficulties saw his prosecution for obscene libel in 1934.

Caton is celebrated for obtaining the rights to Dylan Thomas's 18 Poems, which he published in 1934, with repercussions for the poet. During the war years, he first rejected Philip Larkin's first novel Jill (for obscenity), but finally published it in 1946, as he did his poetry collection, The North Ship. No manuscript version of Jill has survived.

Caton also published, for example, Nicholas Moore and Wrenne Jarman. Experts have concluded that there was no literary, rather than business, consistency. In 1951, he published Bryan Magee's first book, an anthology of poems entitled Crucifixion and Other Poems.

The Fortune Press was sold to Leonard Holdsworth of the Charles Skilton Publishing Group.

Nicholas Moore
Nicholas Moore (16 November 1918 – 26 January 1986) was an English poet, associated with the New Apocalyptics in the 1940s, whose reputation stood as high as Dylan Thomas’s. He later dropped out of the literary world.
Mira Markström
Mira Markström (born January 30, 2005) is a Swedish ice hockey defenceman and member of the Swedish national under-18 ice hockey team, currently playing on a junior contract with HV71 Dam of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). She also plays floorball with Jönköpings IK.

On 21 April 2023, Mira Markström announced her retirement from ice hockey while continuing playing floorball.

HV71 (women)
HV71 (abbreviated from Husqvarna Vätterstad 1971) are a semi-professional ice hockey team in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). They play in Jönköping, in the southern Swedish province of Småland, at Husqvarna Garden.
Leading Counsel
Leading Counsel (12 March 1982 – after 2006) was an American-bred Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He showed great promise when winning the Leopardstown Stakes on his only start as a two-year-old in 1984 and was regarded as a leading contender for the following year's Epsom Derby. In 1985 he won the Minstrel Stakes and started favourite for the Irish 2,000 Guineas but recorded his biggest success on his final run of the year when he won the Irish St. Leger. He won one of his three races as a four-year-old before being retired from racing. As a breeding stallion he had considerable success as a sire of National Hunt horses.

Phoenix Park Racecourse
Phoenix Park Racecourse was a horse racing venue in Ireland. It was located in the townlands of Ashtown and Castleknock in the civil parish of Castleknock on the northern edge of the Phoenix Park in Dublin. The course was founded by JHH Peard, and racing began there in 1902.