hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isanthcogna, California
Isanthcogna is a former  Tongva-Gabrieleño Native American settlement in Los Angeles County, California.

It was located at Mission Vieja, near Rancho San Pascual and Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, in Whittier Narrows area of the San Gabriel Valley.

Mission Vieja
The Mission Vieja or Misión Vieja or the Old Mission was the first Spanish mission in the San Gabriel Valley. Mission Vieja was built in 1771 by what would become the fathers of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. The Mission Vieja site was designated a California Historic Landmark (No.161) on Jan. 11, 1935.  The location of Mission Vieja is at what is now the South West corner North San Gabriel Blvd and North Lincoln Ave in Montebello, California. The site has a plaque marker and an El Camino Real Bell. Mission Vieja was the first building in the San Gabriel Valley and Los Angeles County.
Yurii Nesterov
Yurii Nesterov is a Russian mathematician, an internationally recognized expert in convex optimization, especially in the development of efficient algorithms and numerical optimization analysis. He is currently a professor at the University of Louvain (UCLouvain).

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Possilpark & Parkhouse railway station
Possilpark & Parkhouse railway station serves the Possilpark and Parkhouse areas of Glasgow, Scotland. It is located on the Maryhill Line, 3 miles (5 km) north of Glasgow Queen Street. Services are provided by ScotRail on behalf of Strathclyde Partnership for Transport.

ScotRail
ScotRail Trains Limited, trading as ScotRail (Scottish Gaelic: Rèile na h-Alba), is a Scottish train operating company that is publicly owned by Scottish Rail Holdings on behalf of the Scottish Government. It has been operating the ScotRail franchise as an operator of last resort since 1 April 2022.
Hugh Allan (politician)
Hugh Allan (27 August 1865 – 5 April 1949) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Blenheim Township, Canada West and became a clerk, conveyancer and notary.

Allan attended Richwood School in Oxford County. He became a municipal clerk and treasurer.

He was elected to Parliament at the Oxford North riding in the 1926 general election when he defeated Conservative incumbent Donald Sutherland. After serving his only term, the 16th Canadian Parliament, Allan was defeated by Sutherland in the 1930 federal election.

16th Canadian Parliament
The 16th Canadian Parliament was in session from 9 December 1926, until 30 May 1930. The membership was set by the 1926 federal election on 14 September 1926, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1930 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 14th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Conservative Party, led briefly by Hugh Guthrie, and then by Richard Bedford Bennett.

The Speaker was Rodolphe Lemieux.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1924-1933 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 16th Parliament:
Cifax, Virginia
Cifax is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Cifax is located at the junction of State Routes 643 and 644, 8.3 miles (13.4 km) northeast of Bedford.

The Cifax Rural Historic District, which includes Cifax and the surrounding area, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Bedford, Virginia
Bedford is an incorporated town and former independent city located within Bedford County in the U.S. state of Virginia. It serves as the county seat of Bedford County. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,657. It is part of the Lynchburg metropolitan area.

Bedford County surrounds the town and has the Blue Ridge Mountains to the north, Smith Mountain Lake to the south, Lynchburg to the east, and Roanoke to the west.
Akbarpur, Mathura
Akbarpur is a village situated in Mant Tehsil of Mathura district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The census code of the village is 123939. Akbarpur is administered by a gram panchayat.

Mat is the nearest town. Hernol (3 km), Surirkalan Bagar (4 km), Iroli Gujar Bangar (4 km), Pabbipur (4 km), and Sirrela (5 km) are the nearby villages to Akbarpur. Akbarpur is surrounded by Nohjhil Tehsil towards north, Vrindavan Tehsil towards south, Gonda Tehsil towards east, Chaumuha Tehsil towards west.

Mant tehsil
Mant, also Mat, is a town and Tehsil in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Mant is situated 23 kilometers (14.3 miles) from the city of Mathura and 45 kilometers (28 miles) from Khair City. It belongs to the Agra Division.
Brønnøysund Register Centre
Brønnøysund Register Centre (Norwegian Bokmål: Brønnøysundregistrene; formal name Registerenheten i Brønnøysund, Norwegian Nynorsk: Brønnøysundregistra) is a Norwegian government agency that is responsible for the management of numerous public registers for Norway, and governmental systems for digital exchange of information. The agency maintains the Norwegian metadata repository SERES and ELMER, a standard for the design of web forms. The register gets its name from the town Brønnøysund in Nordland where it is located.

Most of the registers are related to commerce, but also personal registers are conducted by Brønnøysund. The register is part of the European Business Register and is led by Lars Peder Brekk. The registry is a subsidiary of the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry.

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.
Ministry of Defence (Tunisia)
The Ministry of National Defence (Arabic: وزارة الدفاع الوطني) is  a government ministry office of the Republic of Tunisia, responsible for coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the Tunisian Armed Forces. Since 2021, the Minister of National Defence has been Imed Memmich.

Bahi Ladgham
Bahi Ladgham (Arabic: الباهي الأدغم; 10 January 1913 – 13 April 1998) was a Tunisian politician who served as the Secretary of Presidency from 1957 to 1969 (de facto prime minister) and the prime minister of Tunisia from 7 November 1969 to 2 November 1970.
CT-005404
CT-005404, or CT-5404, is an atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) that was derived from modafinil. It shows pro-motivational effects in animals and reverses motivational deficits induced by tetrabenazine and interleukin-1β. CT-005404 is described as being orally active in animals and having a long duration of action. It is under development by Chronos Therapeutics for treatment of motivational disorders. The drug was first described by 2018.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
The Red Awn
The Red Awn (simplified Chinese: 红色康拜因; traditional Chinese: 紅色康拜因; pinyin: Hóngsè kāngbàiyīn; lit. 'The Red Combine') is a 2007 Chinese film directed Cai Shangjun. It premiered at the 2007 Pusan International Film Festival where it won the FIPRESCI Prize. The film tells the story of a father and son in China's interior Gansu province. It won the Golden Alexander, the top award at the International Thessaloniki Film Festival.

International Federation of Film Critics
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium. It has members in more than 50 countries worldwide.
Theory of Constraints in streamline manufacturing
Theory of constraints (TOC) is an engineering management technique used to evaluate a manageable procedure, identifying the largest constraint (bottleneck) and strategizing to reduce task time and maximise profit. It assists in determining what to change, when to change it, and how to cause the change. The theory was established by Dr. Eliyahu Goldratt through his 1984 bestselling novel The Goal. Since this time, TOC has continued to develop and evolve and is a primary management tool in the engineering industry. When Applying TOC, powerful tools are used to determine the constraint and reduce its effect on the procedure, including:

The Five Focusing Steps

The Thinking Process

Throughput Accounting

Although still limited by varying factors, time factors and human identification, TOC is the ideal engineering solution to increasing profit and reducing idle time in a production through its elimination of 'the weak link.'

Theory of constraints
The theory of constraints (TOC) is a management paradigm that views any manageable system as being limited in achieving more of its goals by a very small number of constraints. There is always at least one constraint, and TOC uses a focusing process to identify the constraint and restructure the rest of the organization around it. TOC adopts the common idiom "a chain is no stronger than its weakest link". That means that organizations and processes are vulnerable because the weakest person or part can always damage or break them, or at least adversely affect the outcome.
Ferdinand Marani
Lieutenant Colonel Ferdinand Herbert Marani OBE VD FRAIC RCA (8 August 1893 – 18 July 1971) was a Canadian architect, army officer, and air force officer. Marani began his studies in architecture at the University of Toronto in 1911, but left in 1914 to join the Canadian Army. After serving overseas in World War I, he returned to Toronto and in 1919 began practising architecture. Marani was a partner in several firms throughout his career. His firms excelled in corporate offices for banks and insurance companies, and designed primarily in Neoclassical and Georgian idioms.

Marani was wounded seriously in combat in 1916 and that year returned to Canada. He remained in the army after the war, and from 1932 to 1936 served as the commanding officer of the Toronto Regiment. In 1940 he was transferred to the Royal Canadian Air Force. During World War II he served in Canada as a staff officer and designed special buildings for the air force.

Toronto Regiment
The Toronto Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). The regiment was formed in 1920 when the war-raised 3rd Battalion (Toronto Regiment) of the Canadian Expeditionary Force was incorporated after the First World War into the post-war Canadian Militia. In 1936, the regiment was amalgamated with The Royal Grenadiers to form The Royal Regiment of Toronto Grenadiers (now The Royal Regiment of Canada).
Suhre
The river Suhre is a 34 kilometer long tributary of the river Aare in the Swiss cantons of Lucerne and Aargau. The river rises in Sempachersee (or Lake Sempach) at an elevation of 504 meters above sea level, and joins the Aare east of the town Aarau at an elevation of 362 meters. The most important side valley is the Ruedertal, which joins the Suhretal (or Suhre Valley) at Schöftland.

In the medieval age, the river had several names: Suron (1036), Suranum flumen (1210), Sure (1241). Today, the name is written without "h" in the canton of Lucerne, and with "h" in the canton of Aargau. The most important tributaries are the Ruederchen joining at Schöftland, the Ürke joining at Unterentfelden and the Wyna joining at Suhr.

Aarau
Aarau (Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːraʊ], Alemannic German pronunciation: [ˈɑːræu̯]) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the northern Swiss canton of Aargau. The town is also the capital of the district of Aarau. It is German-speaking and predominantly Protestant. Aarau is situated on the Swiss plateau, in the valley of the Aare, on the river's right bank, and at the southern foot of the Jura Mountains, and is west of Zurich, 58 kilometres (36 miles) south of Basel and 65 kilometres (40 miles) northeast of Bern. The municipality borders directly on the canton of Solothurn to the west. It is the largest town in Aargau. At the beginning of 2010 Rohr became a district of Aarau.

The official language of Aarau is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Bickerton Edwards
Bickerton Cross Edwards was a Welsh Anglican priest: the Archdeacon of St Davids from 1942 until his death in 1949.

Edwards was born in 1874 and educated at  St Catherine's Society, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1897, and priest in 1898.  After curacies in Gresford and Rhyl he was Chaplain at Madeira. He held incumbencies in Sharnbrook and Tenby. He was Treasurer of St Davids Cathedral from 1940 to 1942.

Tenby
Tenby (Welsh: Dinbych-y-pysgod, lit. 'fortlet of the fish') is a seaside town and community in the county of Pembrokeshire, Wales. It lies within Carmarthen Bay. In 2011 it had a population of 4696.

Notable features include three miles (five kilometres) of sandy beaches and the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, the 13th-century medieval town walls, including the Five Arches barbican gatehouse, Tenby Museum and Art Gallery, the 15th-century St. Mary's Church, and the National Trust's Tudor Merchant's House.

Boats sail from Tenby's harbour to the offshore monastic Caldey Island. St Catherine's Island is tidal and has a 19th-century Palmerston Fort.

The town has an operating railway station. The A478 road from Cardigan, Ceredigion, connects Tenby with the M4 via the A477, the A40 and the A48 in approximately 40 miles (60 kilometres).
Un Ratito
"Un Ratito" (English: "A Little While") is a song by Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny from his fifth studio album Un Verano Sin Ti (2022). The song was written by Benito Martínez and its production was handled by Tainy, La Paciencia and De La Cruz.

Tainy
Marco Efraín Masís Fernández (Latin American Spanish: [ˈmaɾko efraˈim maˈsis feɾˈnandes]; born August 9, 1989), known professionally as Tainy, is a Puerto Rican record producer, songwriter and recording engineer. Born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he entered the world of reggaeton with his work on Mas Flow 2 by Luny Tunes. A repeated Grammy and BMI Award winner, Tainy has produced for artists including Wisin & Yandel, Janet Jackson, and Jennifer Lopez. His debut EP, Neon16 Tape: The Kids That Grew Up on Reggaeton (2020), consists of tracks with several other artists.
Denis Barrett
Denis Barrett,  MBE was an Anglican priest in New Zealand in the 20th century.

Barrett was  ordained a deacon  in 1959 and a priest in 1960. He was Chaplain to the  Bishop of Nelson then Vicar of Waimea from 1960 to 1966; and of Wairau from 1966 to 1970. He was  Archdeacon of Māwhera from 1970 until 1976.

Waimea River (Tasman)
The Waimea River is located in the north of the South Island of New Zealand. It is formed from the confluence of the Wairoa River and the Wai-iti River, which meet near Brightwater. The combined waters flow into Tasman Bay / Te Tai-o-Aorere near Appleby, opposite Rabbit Island.
Turbomeca Piméné
The Turbomeca Piméné was a small French turbojet engine produced by Turbomeca in the early 1950s.

First shown at the 1949 Paris Air Show this engine passed official type tests in 1950. A similar, but not directly related, smaller turboshaft, known as the Turbomeca Orédon, drove an alternator and was used as an aircraft auxiliary power unit,

Auxiliary power unit
An auxiliary power unit (APU) is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion. They are commonly found on large aircraft, naval ships and some large land vehicles. Aircraft APUs generally produce 115 V AC at 400 Hz (rather than the 50 or 60 Hz common in mains supplies), to run the electrical systems of the aircraft; others can produce 28 V DC. APUs can provide power through single- or three-phase systems. A jet fuel starter (JFS) is a device similar to an APU but directly linked to a main engine and started by an onboard compressed air bottle.
Eugeniusz Grodziński
Eugeniusz Grodziński (January 10, 1912, Pskov, Russian Empire – October 11, 1994,
Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish philosopher, whose principal interests
were philosophy of natural language, philosophical foundations of logic, and philosophical problems of psychology.

He was born as Yefim Grodzinski in Pskov, Russian Empire, studied law, 
and in 1957 (during the Repatriation of Poles (1955–1959)) emigrated from Vilnius,
the Soviet Union to Warsaw, Poland.
Until his retirement, he was a professor at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology (IFiS) of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Repatriation of Poles (1955–1959)
The second wave of forced repatriation (or deportation) of Poles living in the territories annexed by the Soviet Union (known as Kresy Wschodnie) took place in 1955–1959. The widely used term repatriation, promoted by decades of Polish communist propaganda, is a euphemism for acts of expatriation. It is sometimes known as the "second repatriation", to distinguish it from the repatriation in 1944–1946.
Karahisar
Karahisar (formerly: Karaasar) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Tavas, Denizli Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,579 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).

It is situated along the Akçay creek, a tributary of Büyükmenderes River (historical Maeander). The distance to Tavas is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). The settlement was founded in 1530s by nomadic Turkomans. The earlier name of the settlement Karaasar probably refers to Kara Fatma, the wife of the tribe. Gülfem one of the concubines of Suleyman I, the Ottoman sultan (also called the Magnificent) commissioned a mosque and a fountain in the settlement.  In 1954 the settlement was declared a seat of township.

2013 Turkish local government reorganisation
Municipalities (Turkish: belediyeler)  are the basic units of local government in Turkey.  According to the Turkish Statistical Institute the population of Turkey was 76,667,864 as of 31 December 2013. The majority of the population live in settlements with municipalities.  The number of municipalities in Turkey was 2,947 in 2009.  But in 2013, most of the small town (Turkish: belde) municipalities were merged to district (Turkish: ilçe) municipalities by the Act 6360 which came into effect at the 2014 local elections sharply decreased the number of municipalities to 1,394.
Ringim Emirate
Ringim emirate is the emirate council in Jigawa State Nigeria, its headquarter is in the Ringim town. Ringim emirate was created in November 1991 as a result of the creation of Jigawa State on 27 August 1991. The Emir of Ringim is Sayyadi Abubakar Mahmoud Usman since the establishment of the emirate until now. The local governments under the emirate include Ringim, Taura, Garki and Babura.

Garki, Jigawa
Garki is a Local Government Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Garki. It is also called Garkin Dirani, the name of the head of the district.

It has an area of 1,408 km2 and had a population of 152,233 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 733.

Garki was the site of the Garki Project, a multidisciplinary study performed by the World Health Organization from 1969 to 1976 into the effectiveness of malaria intervention techniques.
I Will Wait for You
"I Will Wait for You" is the English version of "Je ne pourrai jamais vivre sans toi", which literally translates to: "I could never live without you". "Je ne pourrai jamais vivre sans toi", is a song from the French musical The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (Les Parapluies de Cherbourg, 1964).

Its music was composed by Michel Legrand and the original lyrics were written by Jacques Demy. It was performed in the film by Catherine Deneuve, whose voice was dubbed by Danielle Licari. The English lyrics of the song were written by Norman Gimbel. This version was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song at the 38th Academy Awards held in 1966.

In July 1966, Connie Francis released an English-language cover of the song on her album Movie Greats of the 60s. This was prominently featured in a 2002 episode of the American television series Futurama titled "Jurassic Bark". In 1967, Cher also released a cover of this song on her album With Love, Chér.

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Apadana hoard
The Apadana hoard is a hoard of coins that were discovered under the stone boxes containing the foundation tablets of the Apadana Palace in Persepolis. The coins were discovered in excavations in 1933 by Erich Schmidt, in two deposits, each deposit under the two deposition boxes that were found. The deposition of this hoard, which was visibly part of the foundation ritual of the Apadana, is dated to circa 515 BCE.

Erich Schmidt (archaeologist)
Erich Friedrich Schmidt (September 13, 1897 – October 3, 1964) was a German and American-naturalized archaeologist, born in Baden-Baden. He specialized in Ancient Near East Archaeology, and became professor emeritus at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. He was also a pioneer in using aerial photography in archaeological research.