hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Córdova Rebellion
The Córdova Rebellion, in 1838, was an uprising instigated in and around Nacogdoches, Texas. Alcalde Vicente Córdova and other leaders supported the Texas Revolution as long as it espoused a return to the Constitution of 1824.

It erupted in Texas in 1839 and was rooted in the tensions between Tejanos, who had lived in Texas for generations, and Anglo Americans, who were taking control of the land and political institutions. The government responded with military expeditions, the trial and execution of several leaders, and the imprisonment and exile of many others. The rebellion deepened existing tensions and mistrust between Tejanos and Anglo Americans and marked a turning point in the history of Tejano resistance to Anglo American domination in Texas.

1824 Constitution of Mexico
The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1824 (Spanish: Constitución Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos de 1824) was the first constitution of Mexico, enacted on October 4 of 1824, inaugurating the First Mexican Republic.
Frederick Koon-Shing Leung
Frederick Koon-Shing Leung is the Emeritus Professor and Kintoy Professor in Mathematics Education at the Faculty of Education of the University of Hong Kong. He is the President of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (ICMI).

International Commission on Mathematical Instruction
The International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (ICMI) is a commission of the International Mathematical Union and is an internationally acting organization focusing on mathematics education. ICMI was founded in 1908 at the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in Rome and aims to improve teaching standards around the world, through programs, workshops and initiatives and publications. It aims to work a great deal with developing countries, to increase teaching standards and education which can improve life quality and aid the country.
Highway 71 (Israel)
Highway 71 is an east-west highway that passes through the eastern Jezreel Valley and the Beit She'an Valley, below the north slopes of the Gilboa mountains, in northern Israel. The road follows a path parallel to the Harod Creek in the Harod Valley and to the Jezreel Valley railway. It is 35 kilometres (22 mi) long and leads from Afula in the west, via Beit She'an, to the Jordan River Border Crossing in the east. The Navot interchange located approximately 10 km southeast of Afula provides a shortcut via Route 675 through the Ta'anakh region from Highway 71 and Beit She'an to Highway 65 and central Israel.

Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (Biblical Hebrew: עמק יזרעאל, romanized: ʿĒmeq Yizrəʿēl, LXX Koine Ιεζραελ), or Marj ibn Amir (Arabic: مرج ابن عامر, romanized: Marj ibn ʿĀmir, lit. 'Meadow of ibn Amir') is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee, to the south by the highlands of Samaria, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center.
Matthew Flowers
Matthew Flowers (born 1956) is a British contemporary art dealer based in London and New York. He is the managing director of Flowers Gallery. Throughout his career he has been on boards and committees of international art fairs and arts institutions and since 2008 he has been a non-executive Director of DACS (visual artists’ rights management organisation). Flowers is also a keyboard player and vocalist.

Design and Artists Copyright Society
The Design and Artists Copyright Society (DACS) is a British company limited by guarantee.  It is a not-for-profit collective management organisation established in 1983 and in operation since 1984.

It collects and distributes royalties to visual artists and their beneficiaries, and negotiates licensing agreements between them and third parties, including Tate, Penguin, Warner Music Group and Alexander McQueen. By 2024 DACS had distributed £200 million in royalties. DACS retains a percentage of royalties collected for operating costs, including advocating for visual artists' rights through campaigning work and Parliamentary representation, plus sharing visual arts copyright information.
Masjid Al-Falah
Masjid Al-Falah or Al-Falah Mosque may relate to:

Masjid al-Falah, Belize City, in Belize

Masjid Al-Falah, Singapore, in Singapore

Al-Falah Mosque, Selangor, in Malaysia

Al-Falah Great Mosque, Jambi, in Indonesia

Masjid Al-Falah, Singapore
The Al-Falah Mosque (Malay: Masjid Al-Falah) is a mosque in Orchard Road Planning Area, Singapore. It is located at the base of a commercial building. The mosque was officially opened by Ahmad Mattar on 25 January 1987. Like most mosques in Singapore, it is administered by the Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura.
Welland Canal Bridge 11
Bridge 11, also known as the Allanburg Bridge, is a vertical-lift bridge over the Welland Canal within the City of Thorold and community of Allanburg, Ontario, Canada. The location was used for the groundbreaking ceremony for the canal. It was constructed and completed in 1930. The bridge carries Hwy 20 connecting Niagara Falls to Fonthill.

The bridge has a 60.9-metre (200 ft) main span. It was designed by Harrington, Howard & Ash, the predecessor of HNTB. It was rehabilitated in 2001 and is a through-truss vertical-lift bridge with 36.5 m (119.8 ft) clearance for shipping.

On August 11, 2001, the bridge was struck by the MS Windoc (1959) when the lift span was lowered before the ship cleared the structure. The ship caught fire. After minor repairs to the bridge, it reopened to vehicular traffic on November 16, 2001.

Niagara Falls, Ontario
Niagara Falls is a city in Ontario, Canada, adjacent to, and named after, Niagara Falls. As of the 2021 census, the city had a population of 94,415. The city is located on the Niagara Peninsula along the western bank of the Niagara River, which forms part of the Canada–United States border, with the other side being the twin city of Niagara Falls, New York. Niagara Falls is  within the Regional Municipality of Niagara and a part of the St. Catharines - Niagara Census Metropolitan Area (CMA).

Tourism is a major part of the city's economy: its skyline consists of multiple high-rise hotels and observation towers that overlook the waterfalls and adjacent parkland. Souvenir shops, arcades, museums, amusement rides, indoor water parks, casinos, theatres and a convention centre are located nearby in the city's large tourist area. Other parts of the city include historic sites from the War of 1812, parks, golf courses, commercial spaces, and residential neighbourhoods.
Cheating
Cheating generally describes various actions designed to subvert or disobey rules in order to obtain unfair advantages without being noticed. This includes acts of bribery, cronyism and nepotism in any situation where individuals are given preference using inappropriate criteria. The rules infringed may be explicit, or they may be from an unwritten code of conduct based on morality, ethics or custom, making the identification of cheating conduct a potentially subjective process. Cheating can refer specifically to infidelity, where arranged or consensual relationships, that often come with a social contract, are violated. Someone who is known for cheating is referred to as a cheat in British English, and a cheater in American English.

Collusion
Collusion is a deceitful agreement or secret cooperation between two or more parties to limit open competition by deceiving, misleading or defrauding others of their legal right. Collusion is not always considered illegal. It can be used to attain objectives forbidden by law; for example, by defrauding or gaining an unfair market advantage. It is an agreement among firms or individuals to divide a market, set prices, limit production or limit opportunities.
It can involve "price or wage fixing, kickbacks, or misrepresenting the independence of the relationship between the colluding parties". In legal terms, all acts effected by collusion are considered void.
Ursicinus
Ursicinus, a Latin name derived from Ursus 'bear', can refer to:

Antipope Ursicinus (or Ursinus)

Saint Ursicinus (disambiguation) (several saints in Italy and elsewhere)

Ursicinus (magister equitum), a Roman general of the fourth century

Ursicinus (king) (4th century), an Alemannic petty king

Ursicinus (Bishop of Ravenna) (6th century), who ordered the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe built.

Ursicinus (magister equitum)
Ursicinus was a Roman senior military officer, holding the rank of Magister Equitum per Orientem (Master of Horse of the East)  and even Magister Peditum Praesentalis in the later Roman Empire c. 349–359. He was a citizen of Antioch and was well connected in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
Interstate Conference
The Interstate Conference  was a junior college athletic conference with member schools located in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska. It was formed on March 14, 1938 at a meeting held in Chillicothe, Missouri, by officials from five charter members: Chillicothe Business College of Chillicothe, Missouri, Graceland College (now known as Graceland University) of Lamoni, Iowa, Kemper Military School of Boonville, Missouri, Moberly Junior College (now known as Moberly Area Community College) of Moberly, Missouri, and Wentworth Military Academy of Lexington, Missouri. In 1939, Kansas City Kansas Junior College—now known as Kansas City Kansas Community College—joined as the conference's sixth member. Moberly withdrew from the conference in the 1940s. Burlington Junior College—now known as Southeastern Community College—of Burlington, Iowa joined the Interstate Conference in 1951.

Lamoni, Iowa
Lamoni is a city in Decatur County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,969 at the time of the 2020 Census. Lamoni is the home of Graceland University, affiliated with the Community of Christ, a denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement. The city was the church's headquarters from 1880 to 1920, after which it moved to Independence, Missouri.

The town is host to KNSL, a public radio station which rebroadcasts programming from Iowa Public Radio, National Public Radio, and adult album alternative music to South Central Iowa and North Central Missouri.
Sebastián Liste
Sebastián Liste (born 1985) is a documentary photographer and sociologist whose work is focused in documenting the profound cultural changes and contemporary issues in Latin America and the Mediterranean area. He is a member of NOOR photo agency, a cooperative photojournalist agency located in the Netherlands.

Pictures of the Year International
Pictures of the Year International (POYi) is a professional development program for visual journalists run on a non-profit basis by the Missouri School of Journalism's Donald W. Reynolds Journalism Institute. POYi began as an annual competition for photojournalism in 1944. POYi promotes the work of documentary photographers and magazine, newspaper, and freelance photojournalists.

POYi's projects have included the Pictures of the Year International Competition, an annual contest for documentary photographers and photojournalists; career-development symposiums and visual workshops for professionals and college students; Visions of Excellence, a series of exhibitions of award-winning photography; and the POYi Archive, comprising over 38,000 historic photographs.
Amy Cohn
Amy Ellen Mainville Cohn is an American operations researcher who applies multi-objective combinatorial optimization methods to healthcare and aviation. She works in the Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering and Department of Health Management and Policy of the University of Michigan, where she is an Alfred F. Thurnau Professor. She directs the Center for Healthcare Engineering and Patient Safety in the university's College of Engineering, and is the chief transformation officer for University of Michigan Medicine.

Combinatorial optimization
Combinatorial optimization is a subfield of mathematical optimization  that consists of finding an optimal object from a finite set of objects, where the set of feasible solutions is discrete or can be reduced to a discrete set. Typical combinatorial optimization problems are the travelling salesman problem ("TSP"), the minimum spanning tree problem ("MST"), and the knapsack problem. In many such problems, such as the ones previously mentioned, exhaustive search is not tractable, and so specialized algorithms that quickly rule out large parts of the search space or approximation algorithms must be resorted to instead.

Combinatorial optimization is related to operations research, algorithm theory, and computational complexity theory. It has important applications in several fields, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, auction theory, software engineering, VLSI, applied mathematics and theoretical computer science.
St Anne's Church, Birmingham
St Anne's Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church on Alcester Street in Digbeth, part of the city centre of Birmingham. It was founded by Saint John Henry Newman in 1849. It was moved to a new building in 1884 designed by London architects Albert Vicars and John O'Neill, who also designed St Hugh's Church in Lincoln, and helped design St Peter's Cathedral in Belfast.

The building is Grade II listed.

Archdiocese of Birmingham
The Archdiocese of Birmingham is one of the principal Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in England and Wales. The archdiocese covers an area of 3,373 square miles (8,740 km2), encompassing Staffordshire, the West Midlands, Warwickshire, Worcestershire and much of Oxfordshire as well as Caversham in Berkshire. The metropolitan see is in the City of Birmingham at the Metropolitan Cathedral Church of Saint Chad. The metropolitan province includes the suffragan dioceses of Clifton and Shrewsbury.

The archbishop is Bernard Longley, who was named the ninth Archbishop of Birmingham on 1 October 2009. He succeeds the Archbishop of Westminster, Cardinal Vincent Nichols (2000–09). Longley was installed as Archbishop of Birmingham at the Metropolitan Cathedral and Basilica of Saint Chad on 8 December 2009, the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception and one of the patronal feasts of the archdiocese, St Chad being the other.
Regional state
A regional state, or a regionalised unitary state, is a term used to denote a type of state that is formally unitary but where a high degree of political power has been highly decentralised to regional governments. This contrasts with a state organized on principles of federalism (either a federal republic such as the United States, Brazil, or India or a federal monarchy such as Belgium or Malaysia) where the powers of the regions are enshrined in constitutional law. In many cases, the regions are based on long standing cultural or regional divisions.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.
Christina Fellner
Christina Fellner, née Oswald, (born 26 July 1973) is a German retired ice hockey player and record holder for most games played with the German women's national ice hockey team.

With the West German national team, she won a bronze medal at the 1989 IIHF European Women Championship and participated in the inaugural IIHF Women's World Championship in 1990. Fellner went on to represent Germany at seven World Championships, in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2009; four European Championships, in 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1996; and in the women's ice hockey tournaments at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City and the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.

In 2008, Fellner was inducted into the German Ice Hockey Hall of Fame.

German Ice Hockey Hall of Fame
The German Ice Hockey Hall of Fame German: Eishockeymuseum was founded in 1988, and is located in Augsburg. The hall honors individuals who have contributed to ice hockey in Germany, and displays memorabilia depicting contributions of players, coaches, referees, and other important figures in the sport.
Antonio Piedra
Antonio Piedra Pérez (born 10 October 1985) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2007 and 2017 for the Fuerteventura–Canarias, Andalucía–Caja Granada, Caja Rural–Seguros RGA, Funvic Soul Cycles–Carrefour and Team Manzana Postobón squads.

Team Manzana Postobón
Team Manzana Postobón  (UCI team code: MZN) was a UCI Professional Continental cycling team based in Colombia. The team was founded in 2006, becoming a Continental team in 2007. In 2015, the team competed as a club, before returning to Continental status the following year. From 2017 until its disbanding in 2019 the team held Professional Continental status.

In 2016 the team had quality to finally jump up to the Pro Continental level for 2017, the first Colombian professional team in that level since Team Colombia cycling team in 2015.

On May 25, 2019, the team announced that it would fold with immediate effect after two doping cases had been announced.
Autographa precationis
Autographa precationis (common looper moth) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in eastern and central North America.

The wingspan is 30–38 mm. Adults are on wing from April to October depending on the location. There are three or more generations per year.

The larvae feed on various forbs, including Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Plantaginaceae  and Verbenaceae species.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Windmill Hill culture
The Windmill Hill culture was a name given to a people inhabiting southern Britain, in particular in the Salisbury Plain area close to Stonehenge, c. 3000 BC. They were an agrarian Neolithic people; their name comes from Windmill Hill, a causewayed enclosure near Avebury. Together with another Neolithic tribe from East Anglia, a tribe whose worship involved stone circles, it is thought that they were responsible for the earliest work on the Stonehenge site.

The material record left by these people includes large circular hill-top enclosures, causewayed enclosures, long barrows, leaf-shaped arrowheads, and polished stone axes. They raised cattle, sheep, pigs, and dogs, and grew wheat and mined flints.

Since the term was first coined by archaeologists, further excavation and analysis has indicated that it consisted of several discrete cultures such as the Hembury and Abingdon cultures; and that "Windmill Hill culture" is too general a term.

Hembury
Hembury is a Neolithic causewayed enclosure and Iron Age hillfort near Honiton in Devon. Its history stretches from the late fifth and early fourth millennia BC to the Roman invasion. The fort is situated on a south facing promontory at the end of a 240m high ridge in the Blackdown Hills. It lies to the north of and overlooking the River Otter valley and this location was probably chosen to give good views of the surrounding countryside as well as for defensive reasons. The Devon Archaeological Society bought the hillfort in 2022.
Michal Grinstein-Weiss
Michal Grinstein-Weiss, PhD, MSW, MA (Hebrew: מיכל גרינשטיין-וייס) is the Shanti K. Khinduka Distinguished Professor at the George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis where she is also serves as the Associate Dean for Policy Initiatives, the director of the university-wide Social Policy Institute, and the founding director of the Centene Center for Health Transformation. She serves as a nonresident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. She previously held positions as a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where she established the Asset-Building Research Group.

Centene Corporation
Centene Corporation is an American for-profit healthcare company that serves as an intermediary for government-sponsored and privately insured healthcare programs. Based in Clayton, Missouri, Centene ranked No. 23 on the 2025 Fortune 500.
Minister for Digitising Government
The Minister for Digitising Government is a minister in the New Zealand Government with responsibilities including the delivery of the government's digital strategy, digital services delivery, and digital modernisation. The portfolio is supported by the Department of Internal Affairs and the Public Service Commission.

The present minister is Judith Collins.

Ministers in the New Zealand Government
Ministers (Māori: nga minita) in the New Zealand Government are members of Parliament (MPs) who hold ministerial warrants from the Crown to perform certain functions of government. This includes formulating and implementing policies and advising the governor-general. Ministers collectively make up the executive branch of the New Zealand state. The governor-general is obliged to follow the advice of the prime minister on the appointment and dismissal of ministers.

Most ministers are members of Cabinet, and all ministers, including those outside Cabinet, serve concurrently as councillors of the Executive Council of New Zealand. These executives are also formally titled "ministers of the Crown", as in other Commonwealth realms.
Saindon
Saindon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eric Saindon, American visual effects supervisor

Pat Saindon (born 1961), American football player

Pierre Saindon, Canadian make-up artist and educator

Zoël Saindon (1919–1998), Canadian politician

Pierre Saindon
Pierre Saindon is a Canadian make-up artist and educator. He is a two-time winner of the Genie Award for Best Makeup, at the 11th Genie Awards in 1990 for Cruising Bar and at the 18th Genie Awards in 1997 for Karmina.

He later retired from the film industry to teach makeup art at the secondary school level.
Hayavadana
Hayavadana (meaning: Horse face) is a 1971 Indian Kannada language two-act play written by Girish Karnad. The plot is based on Br̥hatkathā and Thomas Mann's retelling of Transposed Heads. Its twin play is Nagamandala (1988). Hayavadana presents the story of two friends Devdutta and Kapila; and their love interest Padmini.

Act (drama)
An act is a major division of a theatrical work, including a play, film, opera, ballet, or musical theatre, consisting of one or more scenes. The term can either refer to a conscious division placed within a work by a playwright (usually itself made up of multiple scenes) or a unit of analysis for dividing a dramatic work into sequences. The word act can also be used for major sections of other entertainment, such as variety shows, television programs, music hall performances, cabaret, and literature.