hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivan Kaye
Ivan Blakeley Kaye (born 1 July 1961) is an English actor and producer. His international fame came with roles in historical drama shows like the Duke of Milan in all three seasons of The Borgias, and King Aelle in the first four Seasons of History channel's series Vikings. More recent projects include action thriller Gunpowder Milkshake, the series pilot for Amazon's adaptation of Stephen King's The Dark Tower, the first British original Disney+ series Wedding Season and a leading role in the Irish comedy feature film Apocalypse Clown. In the UK, he is also widely known for many TV roles, including stints on Bad Girls and Bugs, and his role as Bryan in the comedy series The Green Green Grass.

Bugs (TV series)
Bugs is a British television sci-fi drama that ran for four series from 1 April 1995 to 28 August 1999. The programme, a mixture of action/adventure and science fiction, involved a team of independent crime-fighting technology experts, who faced a variety of threats involving computers and other modern technology. It was originally broadcast on Saturday evenings on BBC One, and was produced for the BBC by the independent production company Carnival Films. In July 2014, London Live, a local digital terrestrial station in London, began airing a complete rerun from Series 1.
All four series (40 episodes) were available to stream in the UK on Britbox until Britbox UK ceased operations in April 2024 with its content migrating to ITVX; however, Bugs was not a part of that migration.
An allem ist Hütchen schuld!
An allem ist Hütchen schuld! ('Hattie is to blame for everything!'), Op. 11, is an opera in German in three acts composed by Siegfried Wagner in 1914/15 to his own libretto. It is described as a Märchenspiel or fairy-tale play. It premiered on 6 December 1917 at the Ccourt Theatre Stuttgart.

Siegfried Wagner
Siegfried Helferich Richard Wagner (6 June 1869 – 4 August 1930) was a German composer and conductor, the son of Richard Wagner. He was an opera composer and the artistic director of the Bayreuth Festival from 1908 to 1930.
Maximilian Friedrich von Königsegg-Rothenfels
Maximilian Friedrich von Königsegg-Rothenfels (13 May 1708 – 15 April 1784) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and the Bishop of Münster from 1761 to 1784.

He was born in Cologne, son of Count Albert-Eusebius-Franz von Königsegg-Rothenfels and his wife Countess Maria von Manderscheid-Blankenheim. He was the first Elector of Cologne to come from outside the Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty since 1583.

He was the first employer and patron of the young Ludwig van Beethoven, who at age twelve composed Three Early Piano Sonatas, WoO 47 in his honor. These works, known as the "Kurfürstensonaten" ("Prince-Elector sonatas") in German, were not assigned an opus number by Beethoven and are not included in the "canonical" count of 32 piano sonatas, which begins with Op. 2 No. 1 in F minor and ends with Op. 111 in C minor.

County of Manderscheid
The House of Manderscheid was the most powerful noble family in the Eifel region of Germany for a considerable period of time in the 15th century. In 1457, Dietrich III von Manderscheid was made a Reichsgraf (Imperial count) by the Emperor (probably Frederick III). When Dietrich died on 20 February 1498, he had appointed his sons Johann, Konrad and Wilhelm as new rulers – the family property had been distributed in 1488. Each of the sons founded a powerful lineage: Johann started the Manderscheid-Blankenheim-Gerolstein line, William the Manderscheid-Kail line, and Konrad (Cuno) the Manderscheid-Schleiden line. Augusta von Manderscheid-Blankenheim was the last countess. She was married to a member of the Bohemian nobility, Count Philipp Christian von Sternberg (1732–1811), whose issue became Counts of Sternberg-Manderscheid.
Economy of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe has a $44 billion dollar informal economy in PPP terms which translates to 64.1% of the total economy. Agriculture and mining largely contribute to exports. The economy is estimated to be at $73 billion at the end of 2023.

The country has reserves of metallurgical-grade chromite. Other commercial mineral deposits include coal, diamonds, lithium, asbestos, copper, nickel, gold, platinum and iron ore.

Since the end of the civil war in 1980, Zimbabwe has had a tumultuous economy, going from Africa's breadbasket to a country where, as of March 2025, over one-third of its population is facing food insecurity.

South African rand
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents.

The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies (the dollar, the loti, and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976, when the pula replaced the rand at par.

The rand is legal tender in Zimbabwe as part of its multiple currency system, which also includes other currencies such as the euro, the pound sterling, the US dollar, and the Zimbabwean ZiG.
2-Oleoylglycerol
2-Oleoylglycerol (2OG) is a monoacylglycerol that is found in biologic tissues. Its synthesis is derived from diacylglycerol precursors. It is metabolized to oleic acid and glycerol primarily by the enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). In 2011, 2OG was found to be an endogenous ligand to GPR119.  2OG has been shown to increase glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) levels following administration to the small intestine. 2OG has also been discovered to potentiate G protein and not β-arrestin signaling via allosteric binding of the 5-HT2A receptor.

Oleic acid
Oleic acid is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colorless oil, although commercial samples may be yellowish due to the presence of impurities. In chemical terms, oleic acid is classified as a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, abbreviated with a lipid number of 18:1 cis-9, and a main product of Δ9-desaturase. It has the formula CH3−(CH2)7−CH=CH−(CH2)7−COOH. The name derives from the Latin word oleum, which means oil. It is the most common fatty acid in nature. The salts and esters of oleic acid are called oleates. It is a common component of oils, and thus occurs in many types of food, as well as in soap.
Gabriela Marcinková
Gabriela Mihalčínová Marcinková (born 2 April 1988) is a Slovak theatre, film and television actress.

Gabriela Marcinková was born on 2 April 1988 in Prešov. She studied acting at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava. Following graduation, she starred in several plays at the Arena Theatre, Slovak National Theatre and the Andrej Bagar Theatre. In 2020 she was the face of the "Year of the Theatre" campaign in Slovakia.

On the big screen, Marcinková starred in Fernando Meirelles movie 360 (2013) and Austrian comedy horror film Attack of the Lederhosen Zombies (2016).

Marcinková starred in several TV Series, including Doktor Martin (2015) and Vědma(2023).

Marcinková was nominated as for the OTO Award in the Best New Actress category. In 2023, she competed and finished as the runner up in the Let's Dance show.

Doktor Martin (Czech TV series)
Doktor Martin is a comedy television series produced by Czech Television and RTVS. It is based on the British series Doc Martin.

On 24 September 2015, RTVS announced that a second sixteen-part season was prepared, which Donutil announced that it was the series' last season on 23 August 2016.
Turin-Aeritalia Airport
Turin-Aeritalia Airport (Italian: Aeroporto di Torino-Aeritalia, ICAO:  LIMA) also known as Edoardo Agnelli Airport, built in 1916, is the historical airport of Turin in the Piedmont region of northern Italy. It is located off Corso Marche, some 5 km (3 mi) to the west of the city centre.

Commercial flights moved to Turin Caselle Airport in 1953 and today Turin-Aeritalia is used for tourist flights and as a flying school, both for gliding and powered flight. There is also a helipad for the use of air ambulances.

One of the airport's buildings was redesigned in 1958 by the Turinese architect Carlo Mollino.

Carlo Mollino
Carlo Mollino (6 May 1905 – 27 August 1973) was an Italian architect, designer, and photographer based in Turin. He worked across architecture, interior design, furniture, photography, and writing, and also designed a racing car and competed in aerobatic flying.

Mollino's architecture combined Alpine vernacular traditions with modernist engineering and surrealist ideas. His buildings include the Slittovia del Lago Nero (1946–47), the Camera di Commercio di Torino (1965–73), and the Teatro Regio di Torino (1965–73). He also wrote prose fiction, criticism, and a volume on photography history, Il Messaggio dalla Camera Oscura (1949).

His furniture, designed as components of complete interiors rather than standalone objects, has commanded high prices on the international art and design market. After his death, hundreds of nude photographs were discovered, taken between 1956 and 1973 in private studios on the Turin hillside.
Jules Toutain
Jules François Toutain (20 November 1865, Vincennes – 18 January 1961, Paris) was a French archeologist.

The son of the professor Henri Toutain, he studied at the Lycée Charlemagne before entering the École Normale Supérieure in 1885.

A professor at the École Normale Supérieure, Toutain was president of the Academy of Sciences in Semur and director of excavations in Alésia until 1958. In addition to the excavations at Alésia, his research was on the history of Roman Africa, in particular on the area of modern-day Tunisia, and on the history of religions in the Roman Empire, in which he opposed the theories of Franz Cumont.

Toutain died at the age of 95, in his apartment on the Rue du Four in the 6th arrondissement of Paris.

Lycée Charlemagne
The Lycée Charlemagne (French pronunciation: [lise ʃaʁləmaɲ]) is located in the Marais quarter of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, the capital city of France.

Constructed many centuries before it became a lycée, the building originally served as the home of the Order of the Jesuits. The lycée itself was founded by Napoléon Bonaparte and celebrated its bicentennial in 2004.

The lycée is directly connected to the Collège Charlemagne (formerly known as le petit lycée) which is located directly across from it, on the Rue Charlemagne.

Also the lycée offers two-year courses preparing students for entry to the Grandes écoles, divided into seven classes:

three first-year classes: 
two of mathematics, physics, and engineering science
one of physics, chemistry, and engineering science

four second-year classes: 
two of mathematics and physics
two of physics and chemistry.
Abdourahmane
Abdourahmane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdourahmane Barry (born 2000), French footballer

Abdourahmane Cissé (born 1981), Ivorian politician

Abdourahmane Mamane (born 1997), Nigerien footballer

Abdourahmane N'Diaye (basketball) (born 1953), Senegalese basketball player

Abdourahmane Ndiaye (footballer) (born 1996), Senegalese footballer

Abdourahmane Ndour (born 1986), Senegalese sprinter

Abdourahmane Sarr (born 1968), Senegalese economist

Abdourahmane Sow (1942–2023), Senegalese politician

Thierno Abdourahmane Bah (1916–2013), Guinean writer

Abdourahmane Barry
Abdourahmane Barry (born 21 February 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for  Championnat National club Paris 13 Atletico. Born in France, he represents the Guinea national team.
Blackwater, Cornwall
Blackwater (Cornish: Dowrdu) is a village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated in the parish of St Agnes between Truro and Redruth. The village lies on the old course of the A30 north of the current course which bypasses it. The village has a primary school (built in 1877) which serves the village and surrounding settlements.

Truro
Truro (/ˈtrʊəroʊ/ ⓘ; Cornish: Truru) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Cornwall, England. It is the southernmost city in the United Kingdom, and lies 232 miles (373 km) west-south-west of London. It is Cornwall's county town, only city, and a centre for administration, leisure and shopping. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 21,046 and the population of the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which included the Gloweth and Treliske areas in the neighbouring parish of Kenwyn) was 23,060.

Truro grew as a trade centre through its port and as a stannary town for tin mining. It was awarded city status in 1877 following the creation of the Diocese of Truro the previous year. Truro Cathedral was built between 1880 and 1910. Truro is home to Cornwall Council, the Royal Cornwall Museum, the Hall for Cornwall and Cornwall's Courts of Justice. People from Truro are called Truronians.
Slime & B
Slime & B is a collaborative commercial mixtape by American singer Chris Brown and American rapper Young Thug. It was released on May 5, 2020, by Chris Brown Entertainment, LLC, under exclusive license to RCA. The mixtape includes production from Murda Beatz, Turbo, Wheezy, A1, OG Parker and more, along with guest appearances from Gunna, Future, Too $hort, E-40 and Lil Duke, among others.

"Go Crazy" was released as the mixtape's lead single, and became Brown's seventh top-five song as a lead artist, as well Young Thug's highest lead artist charting song in the US, peaking at number 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and spending more than one full year on the chart.

Lil Duke
Arnold Martinez (born March 29, 1985), known professionally as Lil Duke, is an American rapper and singer from Atlanta, Georgia. Duke is a member of Young Thug's "Young Stoner Life Records". He started out as Yung Duke in the late 2000's before joining PeeWee Longway's music group label MPA BandCamp. In 2015 after MPA disbanded, after that he stuck with YSL as Lil Duke, which is the moniker under which he has released all of his music. However he is often credited on his features simply as Duke, his official stage name goes back and forth.

Duke has made appearances on songs for artists such as Trippie Redd, Chris Brown, Machine Gun Kelly, and NAV along with the projects of his label mates such as Lil Keed and Gunna. Duke is most known for the verses he’s contributed to on Young Thug’s projects including Barter 6, I’m Up, Slime Season 3, Slime Language, and most notably So Much Fun.

Duke has released 19 singles, 10 mixtapes, and one studio album.
2018 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships
The 2018 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships were the 44th annual Junior World Championships for track cycling, held at the World Cycling Centre in Aigle, Switzerland from 15 to 19 August.

The Championships had ten events each for men and women (sprint, points race, individual pursuit, team pursuit, time trial, team sprint, keirin, madison, scratch race, omnium).

Omnium
An omnium (from Latin omnium: of all, belonging to all) is a multiple race event in track cycling. Historically, the omnium has had a variety of formats.
Starting in 2017, the omnium has consisted of four events: scratch race, tempo race, elimination race and points race. In the case of the para omnium in para-track cycling, introduced in 2020, the four events are Flying 200m, Time trial (1 km or 500 m), Individual pursuit and Scratch race.
In recent years, road racing has also adopted the term to describe multi-day races that feature the three primary road race events (time trial, mass start and criterium).
South Dakota Highway 115
South Dakota Highway 115 (SD 115) is a 40-mile (64 km) state highway in Lincoln and Minnehaha counties in South Dakota, United States, that was created from the routing of US 77, "Old 77", when its alignment was moved west to become Interstate 29 around 1980 and SD 15's route from US 18 to Sioux Falls. SD 115 routes from its intersection with US 18 about 13 miles (21 km) south of Sioux Falls to Interstate 29 three miles west of Dell Rapids. It is about 40.5 miles (65.2 km) in length.

SD 115 was designated a POW/MIA Memorial Highway in 2000. The segment south of Sioux Falls to US 18 was originally designated part of the Custer Battlefield Highway when it was designated SD 15.

Missing in action
Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire. They may have been killed, wounded, captured, executed, or deserted. If deceased, neither their remains nor their grave have been positively identified. Becoming MIA has been an occupational risk for as long as there has been warfare.
Colaspis brunnea
Colaspis brunnea, the grape colaspis, is a species of leaf beetle from North America. It mainly occurs in the eastern United States. It is a pest of crop such as corn and soybeans, but damage by it has not been documented as economically significant. It is univoltine, and overwinters in the soil as larvae.

The adults are brown-colored (brunnea is Latin for brown) and are around 5 mm in length. The elytra have a series of parallel rows of "puncture" marks. The larvae are scarabaeiform grub with white-grey bodies and orange head capsules, and are between 5 and 6.5 mm long at the 10th instar.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Gulistan-e-Zafar
Gulistan-e-Zafar (Urdu: گلستانِ ظفر) is one of the neighbourhoods of Jamshed Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

There are several ethnic groups including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras Ismailis and Christians.

Musta'li Ismailism
Musta'li Isma'ilism (Arabic: المستعلية, romanized: al-Mustaʿliyya) is a branch of Isma'ilism named for their acceptance of al-Musta'li as the legitimate ninth Fatimid caliph and legitimate successor to his father, al-Mustansir Billah (r. 1036–1094/1095). The Nizari the other living branch of Ismailism, led by Aga Khan V believe the ninth caliph was al-Musta'li's elder brother, Nizar.

The Musta'li originated in Fatimid-ruled Egypt, later moved its religious center to Yemen, and gained a foothold in 11th-century Western India through missionaries.
Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo
The Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo (or the Engineering School of the University of São Paulo, Portuguese: Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo) (usually called Poli, Poli-USP or EPUSP) is an engineering school at the University of São Paulo (USP) in São Paulo, Brazil.

It was founded in 1893 - before the creation of USP itself - and was the first engineering school in the state of São Paulo. Its original name was "Escola Politécnica de São Paulo". It was incorporated by USP in 1934. Its students are known as "politécnicos".

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Imam Al-Khoei Benevolent Foundation
The Imam Al-Khoei Benevolent Foundation (Persian: مؤسسه خیریه امام خویی, romanized: Mo'assese Xeyriyye Emâm Khoei) is an organization created by Abul-Qassim Khoei, a Grand Ayatollah who was considered by much of the Shia world as his time's premier leader of Shias across the world. It is an international religious charitable institution.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Achuar dialect
The Achuar dialect, known as Achuar Chicham and Achual, is an indigenous language and dialect of Shiwiar spoken by the Achuar community. This ethnic group resides in the regions of the Pastaza, Bobonaza, Morona, Macusari, Tigre, Huasaga, and Corrientes rivers, located in Peru and Ecuador.

Approximately 50% of Achuar language speakers are literate. Only 1% of those who speak Achuar as a second language are literate, as the majority prefer to use Spanish.

Tigre River
The Tigre River (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtiɣɾe]) is a Peruvian tributary of the Marañón River west of the Nanay River. It is navigable for 125 mi (201 km) from its confluence with the Marañón.  It forms from the confluence of the Ecuadorian rivers Conambo and Pintoyacu at the Peruvian border. Like the Nanay, it flows entirely in the plains.  Its mouth is 42 mi (68 km) west of the junction of the Ucayali River with the Marañón.  Continuing west from the Tigre along the Marañón River are the Parinari, Chambira, and Nucuray, all short lowland streams, resembling the Nanay in character. Tigre is Spanish for "tiger", the vernacular name in the region for the Jaguar .
Planta de Beneficio
Planta de Beneficio is a rural inactive settlement 1 kilometer southwest of the town of San Jerónimo, Jalisco, Mexico. The area is adjacent to the Presa San Jerónimo, probably where its name comes from, "plant of benefit".

The river valley approximately west of the area is usually called La Joya, or "the jewel". Although the INEGI census of 2010 recorded the settlement with 0 inhabitants, the area has two houses and one agave field.

San Jerónimo Dam
The San Jerónimo Dam (Spanish: Presa San Jerónimo) is a dam located near the hill of La Tecolota in the town of San Jerónimo, Jalisco, Mexico. The dam was built at a cost of 8,461,000; it was inaugurated on February 10, 2009 by the state governor Emilio González Márquez.