hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tit for Tat (play)
Tit for Tat is a 1786 comedy play by the British writer George Colman the Elder. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket in London on 29 August 1786. The original Haymarket cast included John Palmer as Villamour, Cockran Joseph Booth as Old Meanwell, William Davies as Young Meanwell, Robert Palmer as Skipwell, Elizabeth Farren as Florinda and Mary Bulkley as Letty. The Irish premiere took place at the Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin on 26 February 1787  It also subsequently appeared at both the Covent Garden and Theatre Royal, Drury Lane theatres.

John Palmer (actor)
John Palmer (c. 1742–1798) was an actor on the English stage in the eighteenth century. There was also another John Palmer (1728–1768) who was known as Gentleman Palmer. Richard Brinsley Sheridan nicknamed him Plausible Jack.
Itakayt (Senusret I)
Itakayt (fl. c. 1950 BC) was an ancient Egyptian princess of the 12th Dynasty. She is mainly known from her small pyramid next to the one of Senusret I at Lisht. On the few relief fragments found there, she bears several titles, including beloved king's daughter, Iry-pat and Haty-a.

Lisht
Lisht or el-Lisht (Arabic: اللشت, romanized: Al-Lišt) is an Egyptian village located south of Cairo. It is the site of Middle Kingdom royal and elite burials, including two pyramids built by Amenemhat I and Senusret I. The two main pyramids were surrounded by smaller pyramids of members of the royal family, and many mastaba tombs of high officials and their family members. They were constructed throughout the Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties. The site is also known for the tomb of Senebtisi, found undisturbed and from which a set of jewelry has been recovered. The pyramid complex of Senusret I is the best preserved from this period. The coffins in the tomb of Sesenebnef present the earliest versions of the Book of the Dead.
2008 vote of confidence in the Manmohan Singh ministry
The United Progressive Alliance (UPA), the governing alliance in India elected in 2004, faced its first confidence vote in the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament) on 22 July 2008 after the Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Front withdrew support over India approaching the IAEA for the Indo-US nuclear deal. The vote was so crucial that the UPA and the opposition parties summoned MPs from their sick beds and even from prison cells to take part in the vote, which was eventually won by the Government.

Somnath Chatterjee
Somnath Chatterjee (25 July 1929 – 13 August 2018) was an Indian politician who was associated with the Communist Party of India (Marxist) for most of his life, though he had been a non affiliated independent during his last decade. He was the Speaker of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) from 2004 to 2009.
Tympanocryptis pinguicolla
Tympanocryptis pinguicolla, also known as Victorian grassland earless dragon, is a critically endangered species of lizard in the family Agamidae. It is one of a documented species of a relatively small dragon belonging to the genus Tympanocryptis.

Agamidae
Agamidae is a family containing 582 species in 64 genera of iguanian lizards indigenous to Africa, Asia, Australia, and a few locations in Southern Europe. Many species are commonly called dragons or dragon lizards.
Kenneth Berns
Kenneth Ira Berns (June 14, 1938 – January 26, 2024) was an American virologist who was a distinguished professor emeritus at the department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology at the University of Florida College of Medicine. He is primarily known for his work on adeno-associated viruses (AAV), and his group was one of the first which showed the specificity of the integration of the AAV genomes into the cellular genome. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences from 1995-2024.

He was the president of the American Society for Virology (ASV) for the academic year 1988–1989 and the president of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) for the academic year 1996–1997. He was elected in 2000 a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Berns died on January 26, 2024, at the age of 85.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Anil Kumar Sinha
Anil Kumar Sinha (Nepali: अनिल कुमार सिन्हा) is a Nepalese politician serving as the Minister of Industry, Commerce and Supply; Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs; Land Management, Cooperative and Poverty Alleviation since 22 September 2025 on the Karki interim cabinet. He is also former Justice of the Supreme Court of Nepal who served from 1 August 2016 to 31 October 2023. He was appointed as Justice by the President of Nepal on the recommendation of the Judicial Council of Nepal on 1 August 2016.

President of Nepal
The president of Nepal, officially the president of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is the head of state of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. The president is the nominal head of the executive, the first citizen of the country, and the supreme commander of the Nepalese Armed Forces. Ram Chandra Poudel is the 3rd and current president since 13 March 2023.

The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Federal Parliament of Nepal and the provincial assemblies of each of Nepal's seven provinces, who themselves are all directly elected.

The office was created in May 2008 after the country was declared a republic.
Listed buildings in Moreton cum Alcumlow
Moreton cum Alcumlow is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England, United Kingdom. It contains 13 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II. The major building in the parish is Great Moreton Hall; this and a number of structures associated with it are listed. The Macclesfield Canal runs through the parish, and four bridges crossing it are listed. Apart from the estate of Great Moreton Hall, the parish is rural, and two farmhouses are also listed.

Cheshire East
Cheshire East is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. The local authority is Cheshire East Council. Towns within the area include Crewe, Macclesfield, Congleton, Wilmslow, Nantwich, Poynton, Knutsford, Alsager, Bollington, Handforth and Sandbach.
Mel Chionglo
Carmelo Chionglo  (July 16, 1946 – September 21, 2019), better known as Mel Chionglo, was a Filipino film director and production designer. He has directed more than 40 films since 1981.

From 1966 to 1976, he worked and studied acting and directing at the New York Academy of Theatrical Arts. Returning to Manila, he worked as production designer. His directorial debut was Regal Films' Playgirl (1981).

He was one of the founding members of the Directors’ Guild of the Philippines Inc. He also served as board member on the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board.

Regal Entertainment
Regal Entertainment Inc. (formerly and more commonly known as Regal Films) is a Philippine film, television production and distribution headquartered in New Manila, Quezon City. It was founded by Lily Monteverde on August 19, 1962. Regal Entertainment is one of the largest film studios in the Philippines, along with Star Cinema, GMA Pictures, and Viva Films.
Aleksey Goganov
Aleksey Goganov (Russian: Алексей Гоганов; born 26 July 1991) is a Russian chess player. He was awarded the title Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 2013. Goganov competed in the FIDE World Cup in 2015 and 2017.

Chess World Cup 2017
The Chess World Cup 2017 was a 128-player single-elimination chess tournament, held in Tbilisi, Georgia, from 2 to 27 September 2017. It was won by Armenian grandmaster Levon Aronian. This was the second time he had won the Chess World Cup, 12 years after his first win in 2005. It was the 7th edition of the Chess World Cup.

The top two finishers in the tournament, Aronian and Ding Liren, qualified for the Candidates Tournament 2018 for the World Chess Championship 2018.
Wittgenstein: Opening Investigations
Wittgenstein: Opening Investigations is a book by British philosopher Michael Luntley, published in 2015 by Wiley-Blackwell. The book provides a reading and reframing of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations. The book received reviews from journals including Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews, Philosophy, and The Philosophical Quarterly, along with being widely cited in its field.

Philosophy (journal)
Philosophy is the scholarly journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy. It is designed to be intelligible to the non-specialist reader and has been in continuous publication since 1926. The journal is triple-blind reviewed and published by Cambridge University Press, and is currently edited by Maria Alvarez and Bill Brewer.
The journal was established in 1926 "to build bridges between specialist philosophers and a wider educated public".
Each issue contains a "New Books" section and an editorial on a topic of philosophical or public interest.
Butiama
Butiama is a town and capital of Butiama District, located in Mara Region in northern Tanzania. The town of Butiama is the birthplace of Julius Nyerere, the founding father and the first president of Tanzania. Butiama is also the homeland of the Zanaki people, of which the founding father was a member. The Mwalimu Nyerere Museum Centre is located in the town and is the town's biggest attraction.

Several things have been named Butiama because of its significance to Tanzanian history, including the ferry MV Butiama that operates between Mwanza and Ukerewe.

According to the 2002 Tanzania National Census, the population of Butiama was 15,383.

Mwanza
Mwanza City, also known as Rock City to the residents, is a port city and capital of Mwanza Region on the southern shore of Lake Victoria in north-western Tanzania. With an urban population of 1,104,521 and a population of 3,699,872 in the region (2022 census), it is Tanzania's second largest city, after Dar es Salaam. It is also the second largest city in the Lake Victoria basin after Kampala, Uganda and ahead of Kisumu, Kenya at least in population size. Within the East African community, Mwanza city is the fifth largest city after Dar es Salaam, Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kampala. It is slightly ahead of Kigali, Kisumu, and Bujumbura in the population of city proper limits.  Mwanza city is also the capital city of Mwanza Region, and is administratively divided into two municipal districts within that Region - Ilemela and Nyamagana.
2006 Peruvian Segunda División
The 2006 Peruvian Segunda División (Peruvian Second Division) season was the 54th edition of the second tier of Association football governed by the Federación Peruana de Futbol. For the first time ever, the Peruvian second tier became a nationwide league, 40 years after the first tier had expanded to the entire nation. There were 12 teams in play on a home-and-away round-robin cycle. Deportivo Municipal, won the tournament and was promoted to the 2007 Torneo Descentralizado. Deportivo Curibamba and Defensor Villa del Mar were in last places of the tournament and were relegated to the 2007 Copa Perú.

Liga 2 (Peru)
The Liga 2, known as Liga 2 Caja Cusco for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Peruvian football league system. Founded in 1943 as the Segunda División, it is a professional and promotional division organized by the Peruvian Football Federation. Since 2026, it has been contested by 18 teams, with promotion to the Liga 1, and relegation to the Liga 3.
Siege of Musashi-Matsuyama (1537)
The 1537 siege of Musashi-Matsuyama was the first of several sieges of Matsuyama castle in Japan's Musashi province over the course of the Sengoku period (1467-1603). The Uesugi clan controlled the castle in 1537, but lost it to the Hōjō clan in this siege; they would regain it, and lose it once more in 1563.

The Uesugi sent for help during this siege by hiding a message inside a dog's collar; the tactic was ultimately unsuccessful.

Later Hōjō clan
The Later Hōjō clan (Japanese: 後北条氏, Hepburn: Go-Hōjō-shi) was one of the most powerful samurai families in Japan in the Sengoku period and held domains primarily in the Kantō region. Their last name was simply Hōjō (北条), but were called "Later Hōjō" to differentiate between the earlier Hōjō clan who had the same name and mon, even though it was not their official family name.
Apis mellifera macedonica
The Macedonian bee (Apis mellifera macedonica) is a subspecies of the western honey bee. It is found mainly in Albania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Northern Greece and other places in the Balkans as well. Originally this subspecies was described based on morphological characteristics by Friedrich Ruttner, as were the adami, cecropia and cypria subspecies.

The bee populations of Thrace, Macedonia, Central Greece and the Peloponnese are completely distinguishable from those on the island of Crete. Studies of bee populations in 2005 from various areas of Greece (Ikaria, Kasos, Kythira, Phthiotis, Macedonia) and Cyprus analyzing mitochondrial DNA segments and finding differences in enzymatic restrictions, resulting in Apis mellifera adami, Apis mellifera cecropia and Apis mellifera cypria having a haplotype which differs from the Macedonian Apis mellifera haplotype, this subspecies being the most distant of all.

Central Greece (geographic region)
Continental Greece (Greek: Στερεά Ελλάδα, romanized: Stereá Elláda; formerly Χέρσος Ἑλλάς, Chérsos Ellás), colloquially known as Roumeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central Greece, but the equivalent Greek term (Κεντρική Ελλάδα, Kentrikí Elláda) is more rarely used.

It includes the southern part of the Greek mainland (sans the Peloponnese), as well as the offshore island of Euboea. Since 1987, its territory has been divided among the administrative regions of Central Greece and Attica, and the regional unit (former prefecture) of Aetolia-Acarnania in the administrative region of Western Greece.
Kelly Amonte Hiller
Kelly Amonte Hiller is an American lacrosse coach and former player who is the women's lacrosse head-coach at Northwestern University. She has coached Northwestern to eight NCAA Women's Lacrosse Championships.  Amonte Hiller played for the University of Maryland Terrapins, and won two national championships as a player.  She was named the ACC Female Athlete of the Year in 1996. In 2012, Amonte Hiller was inducted into the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame.

Amonte Hiller is the sister of former National Hockey League player Tony Amonte.  She attended high school at Thayer Academy.

Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse
The Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse team represents the University of Maryland in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women's college lacrosse. The Maryland program has won 15 national championships, the most of any women's lacrosse program. The Terrapins have also made the most NCAA tournament appearances, won the most tournament games, and made the most NCAA championship game appearances. Before the NCAA sanctioned women's lacrosse, Maryland also won the AIAW national championship in 1981.

Starting with the 2014–15 season, the Terrapins joined the Big Ten women's lacrosse league.
Women Exploited By Abortion
Women Exploited By Abortion (WEBA) was a United States anti-abortion organization founded by Nancy Jo Mann in 1982 for women who regretted having an abortion. In 1985, David Reardon surveyed 250 women from this organization and wrongly concluded that abortion caused mental health issues.

David Reardon
David C. Reardon is an American electrical engineer and anti-abortion activist. He is the founder of the Elliot Institute, an anti-abortion advocacy group, and the author of a number of articles and books on abortion and mental health. Reardon was described in The New York Times Magazine as the "Moses" of the "post-abortion movement".
Global Network for Advanced Management
The Global Network for Advanced Management is a collaboration of graduate schools of business that seeks to foster intellectual ties among business schools, students and deans from both economically strong regions and those on the horizon of economic development. It was founded by a consortium of 21 schools and launched on April 27, 2012. The Global Network has since expanded to include 32 member schools.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
BAW BJ212
The Chinese Beijing Automobile Works, formerly Beijing Jeep, BJ212 (Chinese: 北京212) and BAW BJ2020 is a  four-wheel drive, originally a 2.4 L (2445 cc) four-cylinder gas-engine powered (four-cylinder diesel engines were added in the 2000s) light-duty offroad utility vehicle in the half tonne class. The original design, depending in large part on Russian off-roaders from UAZ and possibly developed in conjunction with the UAZ-469, debuted in 1965 as the Beijing BJ212. It has been known as the BJ2020 series since the Chinese car classification system was changed in 1989.

The BJ212 succeeded the BJ210 model 4x4, whose manufacturing continued and was transferred to Tianjin's First Auto Works which took over manufacturing under the name of TJ210 C. Tianjin's First Auto Works also produce variants with two metal half-doors and an extended wheelbase version with four metal doors.

UAZ
UAZ or Ulyanovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (Russian: Ульяновский автомобильный завод, УАЗ, lit. 'Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant') is an automobile manufacturer based in Ulyanovsk, Russia, which manufactures off-road vehicles, buses and trucks. It has been part of the Sollers automotive group since 2000.

UAZ is best known for the UAZ-469 utility vehicle, which has seen wide use as a military vehicle in the Eastern bloc and around the world. The UAZ factory started production in 1941 as part of the Soviet war effort. 51,706 UAZ vehicles were produced in 2016.
Yongren County
Yongren County (Chinese: 永仁县; pinyin: Yǒngrén Xiàn; Chuxiong Yi script: , [zô kʰû bū]) is a county under the administration of the Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, in the north of Yunnan province, China. It borders Huili, Sichuan across the Jinsha River to the east, Yuanmou County to the southeast, Dayao County to the southwest, Renhe District of Panzhihua, Sichuan to the northeast, and Huaping County across the Jinsha River to the northwest.

Panzhihua
Panzhihua (Chinese: 攀枝花; pinyin: Pānzhīhuā), formerly Dukou (渡口), is a prefecture-level city located in the far south of Sichuan province, China, at the confluence of the Jinsha and Yalong Rivers. It has an administrative area of 7,423.42 square kilometres (2,866.20 sq mi), and a population at the 2020 census of 1,212,203. 806,395 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 3 urban districts.

Its economy relies almost entirely on its giant mine, one of the country's largest. The economy in Panzhihua is mainly centered on natural resource development and heavy-industry. The city grew into a major city for steel production during the Third Front construction.: 184  The urban center was built on top of mountainous terrains. In 2005, Panzhihua won the "China Excellent Tourist City" title, in 2008 it won the "National Health City" and the "China Vanadium, Titanium" titles.
House-Museum of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh (Nakhchivan)
The House-Museum of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh (Azerbaijani: Cəlil Məmmədquluzadənin ev-muzeyi) is a memorial museum of the famous Azerbaijani journalist, enlightener, writer-satirist, Jalil Mammadguluzadeh. The museum is located on Idris Mammadov Street in the city of Nakhchivan, the capital of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.

Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
Jalil Huseyngulu oghlu Mammadguluzadeh (Azerbaijani: جلیل مَمَغُلوزاده, Cəlil Məmmədquluzadə; 22 February 1869 – 4 January 1932), was an Azerbaijani satirist and writer. He was the founder of Molla Nasraddin, a satirical magazine that would greatly influence the genre in the Middle East and Central Asia.

Mammadguluzadeh is considered to be one of the first women's rights activists in Azerbaijan and Middle East and had a big role in founding the first women's magazine in Azerbaijan.
Bechamp reaction
In organic synthesis the Béchamp reaction is used for producing arsonic acids from activated aromatic substrates. The reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution, using arsenic acid as the electrophile.  The reaction proceeds according to this idealized stoichiometry for the preparation of arsanilic acid:

C6H5NH2  +  H3AsO4   →   H2O3AsC6H4NH2  +  H2O

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Trinity Church, Enfield
Trinity Church, Enfield is located at Church Street, Enfield, London. The church was formed in 1983 by the union of Enfield Methodist Church (formed 1890) and St Paul's United Reformed Church (formed 1902).

The Methodist church was built in 1889 to the design of Frederick Boreham on a promimemt position at the corner of Church Street and Gentlemen's Row. The building is faced with Kentish ragstone and features a tall spire. It was badly damaged by a fire in 1919, but was restored by the original builders and reopened in the following year. During the Second World War, the basement rooms were used as an Air Raid Precautions control centre. It lies within the Enfield Town Conservation Area, and is a locally listed building.

United Reformed Church
The United Reformed Church (URC) is a Protestant Christian church in the United Kingdom. As of 2024 it had approximately 44,000 members in around 1,250 congregations with 334 stipendiary ministers.

The URC is a Trinitarian church whose theological roots are distinctly Reformed and whose historical and organisational roots are in the Presbyterian traditions and Congregational traditions. Its Basis of Union contains a statement concerning the nature, faith and order of the United Reformed Church which sets out its beliefs in a condensed form.
Aston railway station
Aston railway station serves the districts of Aston and Nechells in Birmingham, West Midlands, England. It is a stop on both the Cross-City and Chase lines. It is one of two local stations for Aston Villa Football Club (the other being Witton) and is near to both the Aston Expressway and the Gravelly Hill Interchange (Spaghetti Junction).

Aston
Aston is an area of inner Birmingham, in the metropolitan West Midlands of England, and historically within Warwickshire. Located immediately to the north-west of Central Birmingham, Aston constitutes a ward within the metropolitan authority. Prior to 1911, it was an independent parish, separate to Birmingham, known as Aston-juxta-Birmingham. It is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from Birmingham City Centre.