hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Theatre of Western Springs
The Theatre of Western Springs is a community theatre located in Western Springs, Illinois, United States. It has been in existence since 1929, making it one of the oldest on-going community theatres in the country. It features main stage productions, children’s theatre and high school repertory productions with summer camp opportunities, educational workshops and a performance series showcasing well known entertainers. It offers a 359 seat auditorium, a 117 seat black-box space and outdoor performance areas.

The Theatre of Western Springs is a member of Arts Midwest and American Association of Community Theatres.

Arts Midwest
Arts Midwest  is one of six not-for-profit regional arts organizations created to “encourage development of the arts and to support arts programs on a regional basis.”  Arts Midwest's mission is to "build unprecedented opportunity across the Midwest by advancing creativity.” Its vision is that Midwestern creativity powers thriving, entrepreneurial, and welcoming communities. Arts Midwest is primarily funded by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), and is charged with supporting artists and arts organizations, and providing assistance to its nine member states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.
Apostolic Dataria
The Apostolic Datary (Latin: Dataria Apostolica) was one of the five Ufficii di Curia ("Offices of the Curia") in the Roman Curia of the Roman Catholic Church. It was instituted no later than the 14th century AD. Pope Paul VI abolished it in 1967.

Indult
In Catholic canon law, an indult is a permission or privilege, granted by the competent church authority – the Holy See or the diocesan bishop, as the case may be – for an exception from a particular norm of church law in an individual case.

For example, according to the canons 692 and 693 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, an indult is needed when members of the consecrated life want to be dispensed from their religious vows, or when priests and deacons voluntarily seek to return to the lay state (usually to marry).

A recent indult was the one granted in 1984 by Pope John Paul II, Quattuor abhinc annos, which authorised the world's Catholic bishops to permit celebrations of the Tridentine Mass liturgy in their dioceses. This indult was superseded in 2007 by new legislation introduced by Pope Benedict XVI in the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum, and superseded again in 2021 by Traditionis custodes.
Justin Morrow
Justin Morrow (born October 4, 1987) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a defender. Morrow is the executive director of Black Players for Change, which in 2020 won the MLS Humanitarian of the Year Award.

Supporters' Shield
The Supporters' Shield is an annual award given to the Major League Soccer team with the best regular season record, as determined by the MLS points system. The Supporters' Shield has been annually awarded at the MLS Supporters' Summit since 1999 (with the winners between 1996 and 1998 awarded retroactively), and has been recognized as a major trophy by the league. It echoes the practice of the top European leagues in which the team with the best record is the champion. Since 2006, the Supporters' Shield winner has earned a berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup.

D.C. United and LA Galaxy, with four Supporters' Shields each, have won the most shields of any MLS team. Philadelphia Union are the 2025 holders of the Supporters' Shield, clinching their second shield in the penultimate regular season match. Inter Miami CF currently holds the record for the most points in a regular season, with 74 in the 2024 campaign.
Closer (Goapele album)
Closer is the debut studio album of R&B singer-songwriter Goapele Mohlabane. It was self-released in a strictly limited run, only available at select brick-and-mortar outlets and Web sites throughout the United States. After 5,000 copies sold independently, she released a longer album through Hieroglyphics Imperium that was noticed by Columbia Records, which picked up that album for worldwide distribution, added several tracks, and signed her to a contract through Skyblaze Recordings, her family-owned imprint. The catalog number is an in-joke reference to her birthday and initials of her name.

Several songs on this album were rerecorded for their inclusion on the follow-up album, and it is the only album on which the song "You" (a different composition from the song of the same name on Change it All) is available. It is now considered to be a valuable collector's item.

Hieroglyphics Imperium Recordings
Hieroglyphics Imperium Recordings is an Oakland, California-based, independent hip hop record label founded and owned by underground hip hop collective, the Hieroglyphics.  The label was created by the collective in 1995 to publish and market the collective's, and individual member, releases, as well as releases from other, affiliated artist's that major labels would deem not commercial enough for mass distribution.
Ralph Bunche House (Washington, D.C.)
Ralph Bunche House was the home Ralph Bunche commissioned from Hilyard Robinson in 1941. It is located at 1510 Jackson Street, Northeast, Washington, D.C., United States, in the Brookland neighborhood.

He lived there while he was a professor at Howard University, and worked at the Office of Strategic Services (1941-1943) and the State Department (1943-1947).

It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.
It was named as an endangered place by the D.C. Preservation League in 2001.

Hilyard Robinson
Hilyard Robert Robinson (December 3, 1899 – July 2, 1986) was an American architect, teacher, and engineer. He was a prominent early Black architect in the United States, and influenced a generation of students.

Born and raised in Washington, D.C., Robinson graduated from M Street High School in 1916, part of its last class. He enlisted in the 167th Brigade of the Army's Field Artillery Branch, where he toured Europe during World War One. Returning home, Robinson graduated from Columbia University in 1924 with a degree in architecture, later obtaining a master's from the same university. He went on to design several pieces, including the Langston Terrace Dwellings from 1935 to 1938. According to one historian, Robinson's "enduring contribution is a significant body of architecture that conveys his distinctly rational and human interpretation of Modernism". He died at Howard University Medical Center in 1986.
2003 NCAA women's gymnastics championships
The 2003 NCAA women's gymnastics championships were contested at the 22nd annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the individual and team national champions of women's gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.

The competition took place from April 24–26 in Lincoln, Nebraska, hosted by the University of Nebraska–Lincoln at the Bob Devaney Sports Center.

UCLA won the team championship, the Bruins' fourth NCAA national title and first since 2001.

Richelle Simpson, from Nebraska, won the individual all-around championship.

Nebraska Cornhuskers women's gymnastics
The Nebraska Cornhuskers women's gymnastics team competes as part of NCAA Division I, representing the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the Big Ten Conference. Nebraska has hosted meets at the Bob Devaney Sports Center since 1976.

Since being established in 1975, the program has won twenty-five conference championships and qualified for the NCAA tournament twenty-nine times. Most of the program's success came under head coach Dan Kendig, who led NU for twenty-five years and made twelve Super Six appearances. Michelle Bryant, Heather Brink, and Richelle Simpson combined to win five individual NCAA championships and are among eighty-three Cornhuskers All-Americans. The team has been coached by Heather Brink since Kendig's retirement in 2019.
Beyond the Calm of the Corridor
Beyond the Calm of the Corridor was the only album The Blank Theory released on New Line Records. It featured 13 tracks in total and was produced by Adam Schlesinger of Fountains of Wayne and Ivy fame. Co-Producer James Iha (Smashing Pumpkins), contributed his guitar works on "Killing Me". The album also features a cover of Portishead's "Sour Times". Some resources online include The Beatles' "Hey, Bulldog" listed as a 14th track as well.

The lead single, "Middle Of Nowhere", reached #36 on the US Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart. It was featured in the New Line Cinema film Final Destination 2 as well as appearing on the New Line Cinema film Freddy vs. Jason: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, both in 2003.

Hedera
Hedera, commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan and Taiwan. Several species are cultivated as climbing ornamentals, and the name ivy especially denotes common ivy (Hedera helix), known in North America as "English ivy", which is frequently planted to clothe brick walls.
Tennis at the 2022 South American Games
Tennis competitions at the 2022 South American Games in Asunción, Paraguay were held from 11 to 15 October 2022 at the Rakiura Resort cluster in Luque, a sub-venue outside Asunción.

Five medal events were scheduled to be contested; singles and doubles for both men and women and mixed doubles. A total of 54 athletes (26 men and 28 women) competed in the events. Participating players had to be at least 14 years old at the start of the competition.

Players who got the gold and silver medals in the singles events will qualified for the 2023 Pan American Games, with the qualification quotas going to the players and not their NOCs.

Chile were the South American Games tennis competitions defending champions having won them in the previous edition in Cochabamba 2018. Colombia won the tennis competitions with two gold medals and one bronze.

2018 South American Games
The 2018 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia. It was the 11th edition of the ODESUR South American Games.

A total of 373 sporting events are scheduled to be contested across a variety of sports.
Kjos
Kjos or Kjøs is a Norwegian surname.

Notable people with the surname include:

Alv Kjøs (1894–1990), Norwegian politician.

Bjørn Kjos (born 1946), Norwegian aviator, lawyer, and businessman.

Caroline Hagen Kjos (born 1984), Norwegian businesswoman.

Kari Kjønaas Kjos (born 1962), Norwegian politician.

Kjeld Kjos (1905–1983), Norwegian footballer.

Neil A. Kjos, American founder of the Neil A. Kjos Music Company

Caroline Hagen Kjos
Caroline Marie Hagen Kjos (born 1984) is a Norwegian businesswoman, heiress and billionaire based in Switzerland. In early 2018, she was the richest woman in Norway. In 2014, she was elected chairman of the board of the family holding company Canica. In 2014–2015, a clear majority of the company's share capital was also transferred to her. As of August 2023, Forbes estimated Hagen Kjos' assets at $2.1 billion.
SonarQube
SonarQube is an open-source platform developed by Sonar to integrate into software development workflows, ensuring continuous code quality and code security. It provides continuous inspection of code quality to perform automatic reviews with static analysis of code to detect bugs, vulnerabilities, security hotspots, and code smells on over 35 programming languages as well as frameworks and infrastructure technologies, with over 6,500 rules, including industry-leading taint analysis for security. SonarQube offers reports on duplicated code, coding standards, unit tests, code coverage, technical debt, code complexity, comments, bugs, software bill of materials (SBOMs), and security recommendations.

Duplicate code
In computer programming, duplicate code is multiple occurrences of equivalent source code in a codebase. A duplicate code fragment is also known as a code clone, and the process of finding clones in source code is called clone detection. Duplicate code has multiple undesirable aspects.

Whether fragments are classified as duplicate can be subjective. Fragments that are very small – such as a single statement – are probably not classified as duplicate. Additionally, fragments that is not exactly the same text might be considered duplicate code if they match except for less important aspects such as whitespace, comments and variable names. Even fragments that are only functionally equivalent may be classified as duplicate.
Seven Arts (literary journal)
The Seven Arts, an early example of the little magazine, was edited by James Oppenheim, Waldo Frank, and Van Wyck Brooks; it appeared monthly from November 1916 through October 1917. Jointly envisaged by Oppenheim and Frank, The Seven Arts was an attempt to anticipate and influence the United States' emerging “renascent period;” in the first issue the editors explain: “In short, The Seven Arts is not a magazine for artists, but an expression of artists for the community.” Of the many contributors to the magazine, Sherwood Anderson, J. D. Beresford, Randolph Bourne, Theodore Dreiser, Robert Frost, Kahlil Gibran, D. H. Lawrence, Amy Lowell, Paul Rosenfeld, and Louis Untermeyer were among the most prolific.

Sherwood Anderson
Sherwood Anderson (September 13, 1876 – March 8, 1941) was an American novelist and short story writer, known for subjective and self-revealing works. Self-educated, he rose to become a successful copywriter and business owner in Cleveland and Elyria, Ohio. In 1912, Anderson had a nervous breakdown that led him to abandon his business and family to become a writer.

At the time, he moved to Chicago and was eventually married three additional times. His most enduring work is the short-story sequence Winesburg, Ohio, which launched his career. Throughout the 1920s, Anderson published several short story collections, novels, memoirs, books of essays, and a book of poetry. Though his books sold reasonably well, his only bestseller was Dark Laughter (1925), a novel inspired by Anderson's time in New Orleans during the 1920s.
Triple Crown of Polo
'Triple Crown of Polo', started in 2006, is an ESPN2 television series exhibiting the top-level league of American polo. Started by David McLane, known for Women of Wrestling, Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling, and Pro Beach Hockey, the show features three of the top tournaments in the country to appeal to the affluent polo fan.

The tournament's stops included the Sarasota Polo Club in Sarasota, Florida, the Las Colinas Polo Club in Dallas, Texas, and the Santa Barbara Polo Club in Santa Barbara, California the first year in 2006, and Sarasota, Santa Barbara and the New Bridge Polo and Country Club in Aiken, South Carolina since 2007.

The program was sponsored by luxury car manufacturer Lexus. It offered a Tiffany trophy delivered in a Brinks security truck that was followed to the venue by helicopter. Through ESPN's various international networks, the show was seen in 129 countries.

LeRoy Neiman was the official artist of Triple Crown of Polo, creating ten portraits of the action.

Brink's
The Brink's Company is an American cash handling company, headquartered in Richmond, Virginia. Its operations include cash-in-transit, ATM replenishment & maintenance, and cash management & payment services, such as vault outsourcing, money processing, intelligent safe services, and international transportation of valuables.
Clive Phillipps-Wolley
Sir Clive Phillipps-Wolley (born Edward Clive Oldnall Long Phillipps, 3 April 1853 – 8 July 1918) was a British-Canadian official, author and big game hunter. His two most famous poems are perhaps The Sea Queen Wakes (1896) and Coronation Hymn composed in honour of the coronation of George V.

Oak Bay, British Columbia
Oak Bay is a municipality incorporated in 1906 that is located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is one of thirteen member municipalities of the Capital Regional District, and is bordered to the west by the city of Victoria and to the north by the district of Saanich. It is a residential suburb of Victoria.
Indus River Delta–Arabian Sea mangroves
The Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves are a large mangrove ecoregion on the Arabian Sea coast of Sindh Province, Pakistan, and the Gulfs of Kutch and Khambhat in Gujarat, India. The mangroves are the seventh largest mangrove forest in the world.

The Indus River Delta forms a vast alluvial fan composed of mud flats interspersed with channels and fringed with mangrove forests. The delta has gotten significantly smaller in the 20th century as development and coastal management practices reduce the resilience of the delta. The delta had 16% cover by mangroves in 1990, and has decreased by 10% by 2017.

Much of the forested area has been destroyed and the remaining parts are threatened, in part because practices like dykes make the land no longer suitable for mangroves, and encroachment by communities harvesting mangrove wood. Other threats include pollution and oil spills from the city of Karachi.

Gulf of Khambhat
The Gulf of Khambhat (Gujarati: [kʰəmbʱat̪]), also known as the Gulf of Cambay, is a bay on the Arabian Sea coast of India, bordering the state of Gujarat, just north of Mumbai and the Diu Island. The Gulf of Khambhat is about 200 km (120 mi) long, about 20 km (12 mi) wide in the north and up to 70 km (43 mi) wide in the south. Major rivers draining Gujarat are the Narmada, Tapti, Mahi and the Sabarmati, that form estuaries in the gulf.

It divides the Kathiawar Peninsula from the south-eastern part of Gujarat.

There are plans to construct a 30-kilometre (19 mi) dam, kaamam Project, across the gulf.
The Glorification of Sadness
The Glorification of Sadness is the sixth studio album by British singer Paloma Faith. It was released on 16 February 2024, through Sony Music UK and RCA Records. Serving as executive producer, Faith worked with collaborators including Chase & Status, Kojey Radical, and Amy Wadge. Four singles were released from the album: lead single "How You Leave a Man", "Bad Woman", "Pressure" and "Sweatpants".

The Glorification of Sadness is a chronologically structured album in which Faith narrates the emotional journey of leaving a long-term relationship. Critics praised the album's honest storytelling, vocal delivery, and diverse musical approach, highlighting its balance between raw emotion and uplifting moments. The Glorification of Sadness debuted and peaked at number two in both the UK Albums Chart and the Scottish Albums Chart.

Scottish Singles and Albums Charts
The Scottish Albums Chart is a chart compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC) which is based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Albums Chart fare in Scotland. The official singles chart for Scotland, the Scottish Singles Chart, which was based on how physical and digital sales towards the UK Singles Chart were faring in Scotland has not been published since 20 November 2020.

Since 20 November 2020, only the Scottish Albums Chart has been published by the OCC, and it has been based on physical sales only, with the OCC only publishing the albums chart on their website since 11 December 2020.
Draculoides eremius
Draculoides eremius is a species of schizomid arachnids (commonly known as short-tailed whip-scorpions) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2015 by Australian arachnologists Kym Abrams and Mark Harvey. The specific epithet eremius, from the Greek for ‘solitude’ or ‘desert’, refers to its solitary underground existence.

Schizomida
Schizomida, also known as sprickets or short-tailed whip-scorpions, is an order of arachnids, generally less than 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in length. The order is not yet widely studied. E. O. Wilson has identified schizomids as among the "groups of organisms that desperately need experts to work on them."
Europelta
Europelta (meaning "Europe's shield") is a monospecific genus of nodosaurid dinosaur from Spain that lived during the Early Cretaceous (early Albian stage, ~113.0 Ma) in what is now the lower Escucha Formation of the Teruel Province. The type and only species, Europelta carbonensis, is known from two associated partial skeletons, and represents the most complete ankylosaur known from Europe. Europelta was named in 2013 by James I. Kirkland and colleagues. Europelta has an estimated length of 5 metres (16 feet) and weight of 1.3 tonnes (2,866 lbs), making it the largest member of the clade Struthiosaurini.

2013 in archosaur paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

The year 2013 in archosaur paleontology was eventful.  Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs,  extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 10,000 years ago.  The year 2013 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.

This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2013, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2013.
Íslendingadrápa
Íslendingadrápa (The drápa of the Icelanders) is a skaldic poem composed in Iceland in the 12th or 13th century. It is preserved only in AM 748 Ib 4to, one of the manuscripts of the Prose Edda. The manuscript identifies the author as one Haukr Valdísarson, a man otherwise unknown. The poem consists of 26 dróttkvætt stanzas and the first two lines of the 27th. At that point, the preserved part of the manuscript terminates and the end of the poem is lost.

The poem relates the deeds of a number of Icelandic heroes and skalds from the 10th and 11th centuries,  including Egill Skallagrímsson, Grettir Ásmundarson, Kormákr Ögmundarson and Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld. Carol J. Clover has called the poem "a kind of native de viris illustribus and de casibus virorum illustrium combined".

Grettis saga
Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar (modern Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkrɛhtɪs ˈsaːɣa ˈauːsˌmʏntarˌsɔːnar̥] ⓘ, reconstructed Old Norse pronunciation: [ˈɡrɛtːɪs ˈsaɣa ˈɒːsˌmʊndarˌsɔnar]), also known as Grettla, Grettir's Saga or The Saga of Grettir the Strong, is one of the Icelanders' sagas. It details the life of Grettir Ásmundarson, a bellicose Icelandic outlaw, and is set in the eleventh century.
Eye of the Needle (novel)
Eye of the Needle is a spy thriller novel written by Welsh author Ken Follett. It was originally published in 1978 by the Penguin Group under the title Storm Island. This novel was Follett's first successful, best-selling effort as a novelist, and it earned him the 1979 Edgar Award for Best Novel from the Mystery Writers of America. The revised title is an allusion to the "eye of a needle" aphorism.

The book was made into a motion picture of the same title in 1981, starring Donald Sutherland, with a screenplay adapted by Stanley Mann and directed by Richard Marquand.

Richard Marquand
Richard Alfred Marquand (22 September 1937 – 4 September 1987) was a Welsh film and television director active in both American and British film productions, best known for directing the 1983 space opera Return of the Jedi, the final film in the original Star Wars trilogy. He also directed the 1981 drama film Eye of the Needle, the critically panned romance film Until September, and the 1985 thriller Jagged Edge.