hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Šaulys
Šaulys is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Its meaning is "shooter," "rifleman". Its feminine forms are: Šaulienė (married woman or widow) and Šaulytė (unmarried woman). Notable people with the surname include:

Irena Šiaulienė (born 1955), Lithuanian politician

Jurgis Šaulys, Lithuanian economist, diplomat, and politician

Kazimieras Steponas Šaulys, Lithuanian Roman Catholic priest, theologian

Gabriele Šaulytė (born 1990), Lithuanian chess player

Evelina Šaulytė (born 1991), Lithuanian chess player

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Michael Kuiper
Michael Jan Hugo Kuiper (born June 7, 1989) is a Dutch mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Light Heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 2009, he has competed for the UFC and Titan FC.

Light heavyweight (MMA)
The light heavyweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes.

The UFC's light heavyweight ranges from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg).

The ONE Championship's light heavyweight division (also known as cruiserweight) has an upper limit of 102.1 kg (225.1 lb).

The Road FC's light heavyweight division places the upper limit at 205 lb (93 kg).

The Misfits MMA's light heavyweight division uses the boxing light heavyweight format. (175 Ib limit).

Light heavyweight is a weight class in mixed martial arts, which generally refers to competitors weighing from 186 to 205 lb (84 to 93 kg). It sits between the lighter middleweight division, and the heavyweight division. The light heavyweight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 206 lb (93 kg).
Solanum pseudoquina
Solanum pseudoquina is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Brazil. A rare plant, it is dependent on conservation of its habitat to prevent it from becoming a threatened species.

S. inaequale as described by da Conceição Vellozo is an invalid name for this plant that is sometimes still seen. Altogether, the following synonyms are assigned to this species:

Cyphomandra flagrans (Ten.) Walp.

Pionandra flagrans (Ten.) Miers

Solanum flagrans Ten.

Solanum inaequale Vell. (nonHornem.: preoccupied)

S. inaequale Hornem. is S. lanceolatum Cav.. S. inaequale C.Presl is S. lanceifolium Jacq..

Solanum leiophyllum Dunal (non Benth.: preoccupied)

Solanum pseudochina Spreng.

Solanum ramosissimum Dunal

Solanum undatifolium Dunal

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Whitehaven (house)
Whitehaven is a Clinton family-owned mansion in Washington, D.C. used by Hillary Clinton when she is in residence in the capital. (The primary Clinton home is in Chappaqua, New York.) Built in 1951, the Georgian-style house is located near Washington's Embassy Row. Past residents have included Sir David Muirhead, Henry Brandon, and Muffie Cabot.

Chappaqua, New York
Chappaqua (/ˈtʃæpəkwɑː/ CHAP-ə-kwah) is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of New Castle, in northern Westchester County, New York, United States. It is approximately 30 miles (50 km) north of New York City. The hamlet is served by the Chappaqua station of the Metro-North Railroad's Harlem Line.

Chappaqua was founded by a group of Quakers in the 1730s and was the home of Horace Greeley, New-York Tribune editor and U.S. congressman. Chappaqua's high school is named after him.

Since the late 1990s, the 42nd president of the United States, Bill Clinton, and the 67th secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, have lived there.
Ford BC-series transmission
The BC-series manual transmissions are a range of manual transaxles produced by Ford in Europe for its front-wheel-drive automobiles from 1972 onwards.  Originally debuting in the Mk.1 Ford Fiesta, the unit was later used in Ford's other front-wheel-drive vehicles, most notably the Ford Escort and Orion.

The unit features a 20mm x 17 spline input shaft, uses a rod-based shift linkage and was originally only available in 4-speed format, designated as BC4, and designed to mate either with the Valencia version of the OHV Ford Kent engine, or the CVH unit.  The 5-speed BC5 version appeared in 1982 on the Escort as a standard fitment on 1.6 litre cars, and as an option on 1.3 models, and became available on the Fiesta Mk2 in 1983.

Ford Fiesta (second generation)
The Ford Fiesta Mk2 was the second generation of the Ford Fiesta supermini built by Ford Europe. Originally introduced in 1983, it was a mild facelift of the original car, with some re-engineering to accept an expanded range of engines and it was available in 3-door hatchback and panel van styles. It was replaced by the heavily updated Fiesta Mk3 for 1989.
Ichneutica omoplaca
Ichneutica omoplaca is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is widespread from the Bay of Plenty in the North Island down to Southland in the South Island. Specimens have also been collected from the Auckland Islands. It lives in a variety of habitats including beech forest clearings and tussock grasslands. This species has been recorded that some of the larval hosts of this species include Poa cita, Dactylis glomerata and it has been reared on Plantago lanceolata. The larva is undescribed but pupae have been found in a pine plantation in soil under weeds.  Adults of this species are on the wing from October to March. The adult moths are variable in appearance but the diagnostic feature is the pale ochreous to white colouring between the basal streak and the costa which contrasts with the ground colour of the forewing.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Amanda Coogan
Amanda Coogan (born 1971) is an Irish performance artist, living and working in Dublin. She studied under the performance artist Marina Abramović at the HBK Hochschule für Bildende Kunste, Braunschweig, Germany. In her performance art, she produces videos and photographs from live performances. Her work often begins with her own body and often challenges the expectations born of context.

Limerick City Gallery of Art
Limerick City Gallery of Art (LCGA; Irish: Gailearaí Ealaíon Chathair Luimní) is an art museum in the city of Limerick, Ireland. It is run by Limerick City Council and is located in Pery Square, in the Newtown Pery area of the city.

The gallery is housed in a Romanesque Revival building which was constructed in 1906 as a Carnegie library and museum.  The Limerick City Collection of Art was established in 1936; it has since taken over the Carnegie building and expanded into a purpose-built extension.

The permanent collection includes 18th, 19th, and 20th century Irish artworks. The gallery also holds regular temporary exhibitions of contemporary works, and has been one of the primary venues for EVA International, the Irish biennial of contemporary art.
Unmanned ground vehicle
An unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) also known colloquially as armored robot (ARB) is a vehicle that operates while in contact with the ground without an onboard human presence. UGVs can be used for many applications where it is inconvenient, dangerous, expensive, or impossible to use an onboard human operator. Typically, the vehicle has sensors to observe the environment, and autonomously controls its behavior or uses a remote human operator to control the vehicle via teleoperation.

The UGV is the land-based counterpart to unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned underwater vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles. Unmanned robots are used in war and by civilians.

Unmanned surface vehicle
An unmanned surface vehicle, unmanned surface vessel or uncrewed surface vessel (USV), colloquially called a drone boat, drone ship or sea drone, is a boat or ship that operates on the surface of the water without a crew. USVs operate with various levels of autonomy, from remote control to fully autonomous surface vehicles (ASV).
Frank Chikane
Frank Chikane (born 3 January 1951 in Bushbuckridge, Transvaal) is a South African civil servant, writer and cleric. He is a member of the African National Congress and moderator of the Commission of the Churches on International Affairs for the World Council of Churches (WCC).

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
2026 Women's European Volleyball Championship Pool D
Pool D is one of four pools of the preliminary round of the 2026 Women's European Volleyball Championship. The pool consists of the Croatia, France, Italy, Montenegro, Slovakia, and co-hosts Sweden. All games were played at the Scandinavium in Gothenburg from 21 to 27 August 2026. The top four teams will advance to the final round.

Italy women's national volleyball team
The Italy women's national volleyball team represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches. As of 2025, they hold three major trophies: they are the current Olympics champions, 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League title holders and world champions. The national team is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Pallavolo (FIPAV), the governing body for volleyball in Italy. The team's biggest victories were the gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics, the 2002 and 2025 World Championships, and the 2007 and 2011 World Cups. In 28 September 2025, with Italy equaled a record previously held by the USSR by becoming world volleyball champions in both men’s and women’s competitions — a feat the Soviet Union had achieved in 1952 and 1960.
Cabela's Ultimate Deer Hunt
Cabela's Ultimate Deer Hunt is the first to be released in the Ultimate Deer Hunt series. It was developed by nFusion Interactive and released September 3, 2001.

The game was published by Activision, in conjunction with hunting supply company Cabela's.

Cabela's
Cabela's Inc. is an American retailer that specializes in hunting, fishing, boating, camping, and other outdoor recreation merchandise. The chain was founded by Richard N. Cabela and Jim Cabela in 1961. Cabela's was acquired by Springfield, Missouri-based Bass Pro Shops in 2017 and has been a subsidiary since then. The brand’s retail locations feature wildlife exhibits and outdoor designs, and are viewed as tourist attractions.
2023 KP Oli Cup (cricket)
The 2023 KP Oli Cup was  the inaugural edition of the KP Oli Cup, the domestic T20 tournament in Nepal. The tournament was contested by teams representing the seven Provinces of Nepal, three departmental teams as well as two organizer teams. It began on 23 November 2023 and ended on 1 December 2023.

Tribhuwan Army Club secured a place in the final after defeating Bagmati Province in the 1st semi-final and Madhesh Province secured their place in final after defeating heavy weight APF Club in the 2nd semi-final.

Madhesh Province became the champion after defeating undefeated tournament favorites Tribhuwam Army Club in the final.

Provinces of Nepal
The Provinces of Nepal, officially the Autonomous Nepalese Provinces (Nepali: स्वायत्त नेपाली प्रदेशहरू, romanized: Nepālkā Swayatta Pradeśharū), were formed on 20 September 2015 in accordance with Schedule 4 of the Constitution of Nepal. The seven provinces were formed by grouping the existing districts. The current system of seven provinces replaced an earlier system where Nepal was divided into 14 administrative zones which were grouped into five development regions.
Malha Arena
The Malha Arena (officially called Lea and Maurice Goldberg Sports Hall) is a multi-purpose indoor arena that is located in Jerusalem's Malha neighborhood, across from Ramat Denya and Ramat Sharett. The arena is primarily used to host basketball, futsal, and handball games, and gymnastics.

Despite its small size, the arena traps in noise, and distracts the opposing team. This gives a boost to players towards the end of the game, when they need it most, according to the former head coach of Hapoel Jerusalem, Guy Goodes.

Ramat Sharett
Ramat Sharett (Hebrew: רמת שרת) (lit. "Sharett Heights") is a neighbourhood in southwest Jerusalem,  located between Ramat Denya and Beit VeGan. The neighborhood was established in 1974 and named for Moshe Sharett, Prime Minister of Israel in 1953–1955.

Ramat Sharett sits 860 meters above sea level.
Pescennia gens
The gens Pescennia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned in the time of Cicero, but it was not until imperial times that they came to prominence.  The Pescennii were of equestrian rank.  The most illustrious of the family was Gaius Pescennius Niger, an able general, who was proclaimed emperor in AD 193, only to be defeated and put to death by Septimius Severus the following year.

Limisa
Limisa (today Aïn-Lemsa) is a town and archaeological site in Kairouan Governorate, Tunisia. It is located 50 kilometers west of kairouan. The town was a Roman Catholic diocese.

The street pattern of the village is fairly regular in its layout and terrace fields move down the hill from the town to the nearby wadi Oued Maarouf. The Parc National Djebel Serj is to the north of the town, but the town is best known for the ruins of  a Byzantine fort known as Ksar Lemsa.  The Cave Mine is nearby.
Series-parallel partial order
In order-theoretic mathematics, a series-parallel partial order is a partially ordered set built up from smaller series-parallel partial orders by two simple composition operations.

The series-parallel partial orders may be characterized as the N-free finite partial orders; they have order dimension at most two. They include weak orders and the reachability relationship in directed trees and directed series–parallel graphs. The comparability graphs of series-parallel partial orders are cographs.

Series-parallel partial orders have been applied in job shop scheduling, machine learning of event sequencing in time series data, transmission sequencing of multimedia data, and throughput maximization in dataflow programming.

Series-parallel partial orders have also been called multitrees; however, that name is ambiguous: multitrees also refer to partial orders with no four-element diamond suborder and to other structures formed from multiple trees.

Dataflow programming
In computer programming, dataflow programming is a programming paradigm that models a program as a directed graph of the data flowing between operations, thus implementing dataflow principles and architecture. Dataflow programming languages share some features of functional languages, and were generally developed in order to bring some functional concepts to a language more suitable for numeric processing. Some authors use the term datastream instead of dataflow to avoid confusion with dataflow computing or dataflow architecture, based on an indeterministic machine paradigm. Dataflow programming was pioneered by Jack Dennis and his graduate students at MIT in the 1960s.
2011 Formula Renault 3.5 Series
The 2011 Formula Renault 3.5 Series was the seventh season of the Renault–supported single–seater category. It was the final season for the current Dallara chassis with Renault Sport Technologies having confirmed a new car for the 2012 season.

After featuring 12 teams during the 2010 season, following the late withdrawal of SG Formula, the grid expanded to 13 teams in 2011 with the addition of leading Formula Abarth and Italian Formula Three outfit BVM–Target.

Renault Sport
Renault Sport  (French pronunciation: [ʁəno spɔʁ]) or Renaultsport, was a motorsport, performance and special vehicles division for Renault-badged cars and later a sub-badge of Renault cars managed by Alpine. The first Renault Sport was officially established as a company in 1976 as a merger between the Alpine and Gordini competition departments. It was made a division and reorganised in 2002 and 2016. In December 2021, all Renault Sport operations were merged into an Alpine-led business unit. The Renault Sport car range under Alpine was completely phased out by the end of 2023.
Kingsland, Herefordshire
Kingsland is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Herefordshire, 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Leominster. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 986.

The village church was built during the reign of Edward I (1239–1307) by Edward, Lord Mortimer and is dedicated to St Michael. To the west of the church are the earthwork remains of a motte-and-bailey castle, known to locals as 'The Mound'. Mortimer Park, located just outside the village, is home to Luctonians Rugby Club who currently play in the fourth tier rugby union league, National League 2 West.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Kajeri
Kajeri   is market center in Sharada Municipality in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. The place formerly existing as Village Development Committee was annexed to form a new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3998 people living in 669 individual households.

Rapti Zone
Rapti Zone (Nepali: राप्ती अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones, located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal.  It was named after the West Rapti River which drains Rolpa, Pyuthan and part of Dang districts. The remainder of Dang and part of Salyan district are drained by the Babai.  The remainder of Salyan and all of Rukum districts are drained by the Bheri.

The headquarters of Rapti were Tulsipur and the largest city was Tribhuvannagar (Ghorahi). Other main cities and towns of Rapti zone were Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijuwar, Liwang, Lamahi, Musikot, Rukumkot (Shova), and Chaurjahari.
Battle of Seven Oaks
The Battle of Seven Oaks—also known as the Seven Oaks Massacre and the Seven Oaks Incident—was a violent confrontation of the Pemmican War between the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC) which occurred on 19 June 1816 near modern-day Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Resulting in a decisive victory for the NWC over their rivals in the North American fur trade, the confrontation was the climax in a long series of dispute in the Canadas.

The battle is also known as the Victory of the Frog Plain (French: la Victoire de la Grenouillère) among Métis People, whose members fought for the NWC during the battle. The event would mark one of the first times the Métis asserted themselves as la Nouvelle Nation ('the New Nation') and fly the flag of the Métis Nation.

Brandon House
Brandon House was the first fur-trading post or posts of the Hudson's Bay Company on the southern prairies, operating from 1793 to 1824 during the Assiniboine River fur trade.

It was located at several places on the north bank of the Assiniboine River between Brandon, Manitoba, and the mouth of the Souris River, about 21 miles southeast of Brandon in what is now the Municipality of Glenboro-South Cypress. Because of its location near the Souris River, it was a center for trade with the Mandans in North Dakota.

It was moved four times and there were related forts nearby. The first post was abandoned by 1811 in favour of other nearby sites, including the Brandon House No. 4 site several miles to the northwest.
Single-lip embouchure
The single-lip embouchure is a type of embouchure used to play clarinet and saxophone. It is characterized by the placement of teeth and lips: the bottom lip covers the bottom teeth, while the top teeth are placed directly on the instrument's mouthpiece. It contrasts with the double-lip embouchure, which was historically more common but is now a less popular approach.

Embouchure
Embouchure (English: /ˈɒmbuˌʃʊər/ ⓘ) or lipping is the use of the lips, facial muscles, tongue, and teeth in playing a wind instrument. This includes shaping the lips to the mouthpiece of a woodwind or brass instrument. The word is of French origin and is related to the root bouche, 'mouth'. Proper embouchure allows an instrumentalist to play an instrument at its full range with a full, clear tone and without strain or damage to their muscles.
The V-Roys
The V-Roys were a Knoxville, Tennessee-based alternative country band signed to E-Squared Records.  The band was described as "walking the fine line between rootsy country and cutting-edge alternative rock". Scott Miller, John Paul Keith, and Mic Harrison were the primary songwriters for the band.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.