hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Venkatesan Sundaresan
Venkatesan Sundaresan (born 1952) is an Indian-American biologist and professor in the Departments of Plant Biology and Plant Sciences at the University of California, Davis. His research focuses on plant reproduction, including using synthetic apomixis to clone hybrid strains of commercial crops like rice and maize. Sundaresan was inducted into the National Academy of Sciences in 2023 and received the 2024 Wolf Prize in Agriculture "for key discoveries on plant developmental biology of relevance to crop improvement". In 2025, he received an award in VinFuture Prize along with others for the development of clonal hybrid crops.

Plant reproduction
Plants may reproduce sexually or asexually. Sexual reproduction produces offspring by the fusion of gametes, resulting in offspring genetically different from either parent. Vegetative reproduction produces new individuals without the fusion of gametes, resulting in clonal plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant and each other, unless mutations occur. In asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved.
Lowson
Lowson is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edmund Lowson, English footballer

Thomas Lowson (c.1764–1856), the traditional founder of the town of Carnoustie, Angus, Scotland

Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch (1828–1878), biologist, specifically a malacologist

Sir Denys Lowson, 1st Baronet (1906–1975), Lord Mayor of London and first of the Lowson baronets

Frank Lowson (1925–1984), English cricketer who played in seven Tests from 1951 to 1955

Jasmine Lowson (born 1972), British newsreader

Frank Lowson
Frank Anderson Lowson (1 July 1925 – 8 September 1984) was an English cricketer, who played in seven Tests for England from 1951 to 1955. In first-class cricket, Lowson amassed 15,321 runs at an average of over 37, but had drifted away from the county game by his early thirties.
Gazimuro-Zavodsky District
Gazimuro-Zavodsky District  (Russian: Газимуро-Заводский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the east and southeast of the krai, and borders with Mogochinsky District in the north, Nerchinsko-Zavodsky District in the east, Aleksandrovo-Zavodsky District in the south, and with Sretensky District in the west.  The area of the district is 14,400 square kilometers (5,600 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Gazimursky Zavod. Population: 9,407 (2010 census); 9,578 (2002 Census); 11,153 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gazimursky Zavod accounts for 28.2% of the district's total population.

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.
Bahnhof
Bahnhof (German for "railway station") is a Swedish Internet service provider (ISP) founded in 1994 by Oscar Swartz in Uppsala, Sweden, and is the country's first independent ISP. Today the company is represented in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Uppsala, Borlänge, Malmö and Umeå. The company is listed on Nasdaq First North.

WikiLeaks used to be hosted in a Bahnhof data center inside the ultra-secure bunker Pionen, which is buried inside the White Mountains in Stockholm.

Borlänge
Borlänge ([ˈbôːˌɭɛŋːɛ]) is a locality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 44,898 inhabitants as of 2020. It is the seat of the Borlänge Municipality which as of 2017 had a total population of 51,604 inhabitants.
Ličenca
Ličenca (pronounced [ˈliːtʃəntsa]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills north of Loče on the road to Levič and Žabljek. The area is part of the traditional Styria region and is included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Levič
Levič (pronounced [ˈleːʋitʃ]) is a small village in the hills southwest of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is included with the rest of the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in the Drava Statistical Region.
27th PMPC Star Awards for Television
The 27th PMPC Star Awards for Television ceremony was held at the AFP Theater in Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon City on November 24, 2013, and broadcast over ABS-CBN Channel 2 on December 1, 2013 (on Sunday's Best). The ceremony was hosted by Alex and Toni Gonzaga, Raymond and Richard Gutierrez and directed by Al Quinn. The theme is in coincidence with the Philippine Television's 60th anniversary.

Karen Davila
Kristin Karen Lising Davila–Sta. Ana (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˌdaː.bɪˈla]; born November 21, 1970), is a Filipino broadcast journalist. She has been the anchor or host of multiple programs under ABS-CBN's News and Current Affairs division, including Bandila, My Puhunan: Kaya Mo!, and TV Patrol.
Mangalagiri Assembly constituency
Mangalagiri is a constituency in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Guntur Lok Sabha constituency.

Nara Lokesh is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 2,92,568 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 13 May 2024 for constituting the sixteenth Andhra Pradesh Assembly. They were held alongside the 2024 Indian general election. The election results were declared on 4 June 2024.

The political alliance Kutami, led by the Telugu Desam Party, won the election in a landslide, winning 164 of the 175 seats. The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) won 135 out of 144 contested seats. In comparison, the Janasena Party (JSP) won all the 21 seats it contested and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 8 out of 10 contested seats. The incumbent YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) only won 11 seats. The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) comprising Indian National Congress (INC), Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) failed to win any seats, for the third time continuously in a row.
The Final Tour: The Bootleg Series, Vol. 6
The Final Tour: The Bootleg Series, Vol. 6 is a four-CD live box set credited to Miles Davis and John Coltrane compiling five sets from three performances by the Miles Davis Quintet in Europe during late March 1960. The anthology was released by Columbia/Legacy in 2018 and topped the Billboard Jazz Albums chart.

Miles Davis Quintet
The Miles Davis Quintet was an American jazz band from 1955 to early 1969 led by Miles Davis. The quintet underwent frequent personnel changes toward its metamorphosis into a different ensemble in 1969. Most references pertain to two distinct and relatively stable bands: the First Great Quintet from 1955 to 1958, and the Second Great Quintet from late 1964 to early 1969, Davis being the only constant throughout.
Camel cavalry
Camel cavalry, or camelry (French: méharistes, pronounced [meaʁist]), is a generic designation for armed forces using camels as a means of transportation. Sometimes warriors or soldiers of this type also fought from camel-back with spears, bows, or firearms.

Camel cavalry was a common element in desert warfare throughout history in the Middle East, due in part to the animals' high level of adaptability. They were better suited to working and surviving in arid environments than the horses of conventional cavalry. The smell of the camel, according to Herodotus, alarmed and disoriented horses, making camels an effective anti-cavalry weapon of the Achaemenid Persians in the Battle of Thymbra.

Mode of transport
A mode of transport is a method or way of travelling, or of transporting people or cargo. The different modes of transport include air, water, and land transport, which includes rails or railways, road and off-road transport. Other modes of transport also exist, including pipelines, cable transport, and space transport. Human-powered transport and animal-powered transport are sometimes regarded as distinct modes, but they may lie in other categories such as land or water transport.

In general, transportation refers to the moving of people, animals, and other goods from one place to another, and means of transport refers to the transport facilities used to carry people or cargo according to the chosen mode. Examples of the means of transport include automobile, airplane, ship, truck, and train. Each mode of transport has a fundamentally different set of technological solutions. Each mode has its own infrastructure, vehicles, transport operators and operations.
DIOP
DIOP (2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane) is an organophosphorus compound that is used as a chiral ligand in asymmetric catalysis.  It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents.

DIOP is prepared from the acetonide of d,l-tartaric acid, which is reduced prior to attachment of the PPh2 substituents.

Tartaric acid
Tartaric acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados,  and citrus. Its salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of fermentation. Potassium bitartrate is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as baking powder used as a leavening agent in food preparation. The acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant E334 and to impart its distinctive sour taste. Naturally occurring tartaric acid is a useful raw material in organic synthesis. Tartaric acid, an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.
A Libyan Myth
A Libyan Myth (Ancient Greek: Λιβυκὸς Μῦθος, romanized: Libykos Mythos, Oration 5 in modern corpora) is a short speech or speech-fragment by Dio Chrysostom, telling the story of a mythical creature from Libya, perhaps Lamia, as an allegory for human passions, especially lust. The work is also important for an understanding of Dio's ideas about myth as allegory.
It is debated whether the work is a stand-alone speech or an alternative ending to On Kingship IV.

Siwa Oasis
The Siwa Oasis (Arabic: واحة سيوة Wāḥat Sīwah [ˈwæːħet ˈsiːwæ]) is an urban oasis in Egypt. It is situated between the Qattara Depression and the Great Sand Sea in the Western Desert, 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of the Egypt–Libya border and 560 kilometres (350 mi) from the Egyptian capital city of Cairo. It is famed from its role in ancient Egypt as the home to an oracle of Amun, the ruins of which are a popular tourist attraction, giving it the ancient name Oasis of Amun-Ra, after the major Egyptian deity.
Rame Taharpur
Rame Taharpur is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Shahkot, 29 kilometres (18 mi) from Nakodar, 52 kilometres (32 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 170 kilometres (110 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
Sailing at the 2013 Pacific Mini Games
Sailing, for the 2013 Pacific Mini Games, took place from Tekaviki Island, in front of the Vakala sailing HQ. The island is located in the northeast from Mata-Utu. Races took place from 3 to 12 September 2013. The Laser and the Hobie 16 classes (individual and team events) were held at these Games.

Mata Utu
Mata Utu (French pronunciation: [mata utu]; Wallisian: Matāʻutu, [mataːʔutu]) is the capital city of Wallis and Futuna, an overseas collectivity of France. It is located on the island of Uvéa (ʻUvea), in the district of Hahake, of which it is also the capital. It is one of two ports in Wallis and Futuna, the other being at Leava on Futuna. Hihifo Airport, the main airport serving the island and city, is 5.6 kilometres (3.5 mi) to the northwest. Its population was 1,029 in 2018, up from 815 in 1998.

The most prominent landmarks in the town are the Matâ'Utu Cathedral, the palace next to it and backdrop of the Mt. Lulu Fakahega where there is an old chapel.
Daila Dameno
Daila Dameno (born 18 June 1968) is an Italian para-archer, para-alpine skier and para-swimmer. She represented Italy in para-swimming at the 2004 Summer Paralympics and in para-alpine skiing at the 2006 and 2010 Winter Paralympics, the former in which she won two medals, a silver in the slalom and a bronze in the giant slalom.

Alpine skiing at the 2006 Winter Paralympics – Women's slalom
Women's slalom events at the 2006 Winter Paralympics were contested at Sestriere on 18 and 19 March.

There were 3 events. Each was contested by skiers from a range of disability classes, and the standings were decided by applying a disability factor to the actual times achieved. All times shown below are calculated times, except for the final "Real time" column.
Big Mechanism
Big Mechanism is a $45 million DARPA research program, begun in 2014, aimed at developing software that will read cancer research papers, integrate them into a cancer model and frame new hypotheses by the end of 2017 through the automated collection of big data and integrating across various disciplines such as knowledge-based NLP, curation and ontology, systems and mathematical biology by reading research abstracts and papers to extract pieces of causal mechanisms.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Difluorodioxirane
Difluorodioxirane (CF2O2) is a rare, stable member of the dioxirane family, known for a single oxygen-oxygen bond (O-O). Unlike most dioxiranes that decompose quickly, difluorodioxirane is surprisingly stable at room temperature, making it potentially useful for further research and applications.

Epoxide
In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen.  This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers.  They are produced on a large scale for many applications.  In general, low molecular weight epoxides are colourless and nonpolar, and often volatile.
2019 Guangzhou International Women's Open
The 2019 Guangzhou International Women's Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 16th edition of the Guangzhou International Women's Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2019 WTA Tour. It took place at the Guangzhou Tianhe Sports Center in Guangzhou, China, from September 16 through September 21, 2019. Third-seeded Sofia Kenin won the singles title.

Xun Fangying
Xun Fangying (Chinese: 荀芳颖; pinyin: Xún Fāngyǐng; Mandarin pronunciation: [ɕy̌n fáŋ ìŋ]; born 14 January 1995) is a Chinese tennis player.

On 24 February 2020, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 167. On 8 April 2019, she peaked at No. 176 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Xun made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2015 Guangzhou International Open in the doubles competition, partnering Liu Fangzhou.
Gamut2
The gamut2 is an indoor rowing machine (or "erg") designed to duplicate the motion and feel of sweep rowing in a racing scull.  It enables the coach to evaluate the stroke of individual rowers, including the power applied during the different phases of the stroke.

Sculling
Sculling is the use of oars to propel a boat by moving them through the water on both sides of the craft, or moving one oar over the stern. A long, narrow boat with sliding seats, rigged with two oars per rower may be referred to as a scull, its oars may be referred to as sculls and a person rowing it referred to as sculler.

Sculling is distinguished from sweep rowing, whereby each boat crew member employs an oar, complemented by another crew member on the opposite side with an oar, usually with each pulling it with two hands and from stern sculling, which uses an oar to propel a vessel with side-to-side movements from the stern.
Lake Marion Creek Wildlife Management Area
Lake Marion Creek Wildlife Management Area is a 8,000-acre (32 km2) preserve in Polk County, Florida. It is five miles east of Haines City off SR 580.

Lake Marion is in the area and there is a trail network. Wildlife in the area include White-tailed deer, wild hogs (an invasive species), wading birds, Florida scrub-jays, gopher tortoises, and sand skinks. A brochure and pdf map are online. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) website states it is a good area for squirrel hunting.

Habitats in the area include white scrub sands, hilly scrub, pine flatwoods, and riverine swamp forest. The endangered blushing scrub balm wildflower grows in the area. As of 2025, a proposed route for a new tollroad would go through the plant's limited habitat.

Snell Creek passes through the area. Bellini Preserve in Poinciana, Florida and Sherwool L. Stokes Preserve in Haines City are nearby on Lake Marion.

Polk County, Florida
Polk County (/poʊk/) is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. The county population was 725,046 in the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 818,330 in July 2023. Its county seat is Bartow, and its largest city is Lakeland. Polk County comprises the Lakeland–Winter Haven metropolitan statistical area (MSA). This MSA is the 77th-most populous one and the 89th-most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.

The center of Florida's population is located in Polk County, near the city of Lake Wales. Polk County is home to one public university, one state college, and four private universities.
Pętkowice, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Pętkowice [pɛntkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bałtów, within Ostrowiec County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Bałtów, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, and 71 km (44 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Ostrowiec County
Ostrowiec County (Polish: powiat ostrowiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Ćmielów, lying 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, and Kunów, 9 km (6 mi) west of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski.

The county covers an area of 616.33 square kilometres (238.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 109,512, out of which the population of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski is 68,641, that of Ćmielów is 3,012, that of Kunów is 2,967, and the rural population is 34,892.
George Williamson Smith
George Williamson Smith (November 21, 1836, in Catskill, New York – ?) was an American Episcopal priest, Navy chaplain and educator. He succeeded T. R. Pynchon as president of Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut from 1883 until his resignation on June 30, 1904.

Trinity College (Connecticut)
Trinity College is a private liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut, United States. Founded as Washington College in 1823, it is the second-oldest college in the state of Connecticut. Coeducational since 1969, the college enrolls 2,235 students.  Trinity offers 41 majors and 28 interdisciplinary minors. The college is a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC).
1946 International Court of Justice judges election
The 1946 International Court of Justice election took place on 6 February 1946 in Westminster Central Hall, London. This was the first ever election of Judges of the Court, one the six "principal organs" of the newly created United Nations. All 15 seats were to be filled.

Methodist Central Hall, Westminster
The Methodist Central Hall (also known as Central Hall Westminster) is a multi-purpose venue in the City of Westminster, serving primarily as a Methodist church and a conference centre. The building also houses an art gallery, a restaurant, and office spaces (used formerly as the headquarters of the Methodist Church of Great Britain until 2000). It contains 22 conference, meeting and seminar rooms, the largest being the Great Hall, which seats 2,300. Central Hall also acts as an important spiritual and sacred place for Methodists.

Methodist Central Hall occupies the corner of Tothill Street and Storeys Gate just off Victoria Street in Westminster, near the junction with The Sanctuary next to the Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre and facing Westminster Abbey.
Deb Kennedy
Deb Kennedy (born August 12, 1954) is the former Democratic State Representative in the Michigan House of Representatives, representing the 23rd District, which covers parts of Wayne County. The 23rd District includes Brownstown, Flat Rock, Gibraltar, Grosse Ile, Huron Township, Rockwood, Sumpter Township, and Woodhaven. She served as the Vice-Chair of the House Committee on Labor, and as a member of the House Committees on Great Lakes and Environment, Intergovernmental & Regional Affairs, and Education.

Gibraltar, Michigan
Gibraltar is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,997 at the 2020 census.

Gibraltar is a southern city of Metro Detroit and is about 12 miles (19.3 km) south of the city of Detroit.  The city is bordered by the Detroit River to the east, the city of Trenton to the north, and the township of Brownstown to the south and west.
Malatestiana Library
The Malatestiana Library (Italian: Biblioteca Malatestiana), also known as the Malatesta Novello Library, is a public library in the city of Cesena in northern Italy. Purpose-built from 1447 to 1452 and opened in 1454, and named after the local aristocrat Malatesta Novello, it is significant for being the first civic library in Europe, i.e. belonging to the commune rather than the church or a noble family, and open to the general public. The library was inscribed in UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2005.

Fano
Fano (Italian: [ˈfaːno]) is a coastal city and comune of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of Italy located 12 kilometres (7 miles) southeast of Pesaro at the point where the Via Flaminia reaches the Adriatic Sea. As of 2021, it has a population of approximately 59,000, smaller than Ancona and Pesaro.