hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chetnik sabotage of Axis communication lines
The Chetnik sabotage of Axis communication lines was a campaign  of the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland (commonly known as the Chetniks) in which it sabotaged Axis communication lines, mostly along the rivers Morava, Vardar and Danube, to obstruct the transport of German war material through Serbia to Thessaloniki and further to Libya during the Western Desert campaign. The Chetnik sabotages were organized from 31 April, or according to some sources, since July or early August 1942.

After initial support to Mihailovićs Chetniks tactics used against Axis forces in Serbia, since the closing of Summer 1942 the British started to believe that such actions were not enough. On the other hand, the German command decided that such actions were enough for them to make a adecision to annihilate the Chetniks.

During the period, in which these events took place, the Chetnik command was embedded with a members of the British mission, Edgar Hargreeves and Jasper Rootem.

Vardar
The Vardar (/ˈvɑːrdɑːr/; Macedonian: Вардарⓘ, Albanian: Vardar/-i, Turkish: Vardar) or Axios (Greek: Αξιός, romanized: Aksiós, Albanian: Asi (historically)) is the longest river in North Macedonia and a major river in Greece, where it reaches the Aegean Sea at Thessaloniki. It is 388 km (241 mi) long, out of which 76 km (47 mi) are in Greece, and drains an area of around 25,000 km2 (9,653 sq mi). The maximum depth of the river is 4 m (13 ft).
Wildlife Protection Areas in Japan
Wildlife Protection Areas (鳥獣保護区, chōjū hogoku) in Japan are established by the Ministry of the Environment and, for areas of more local importance, by the Prefectural Governments in order "to protect and promote the reproduction of birds and mammals" in accordance with the 2002 Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law (鳥獣の保護及び狩猟の適正化に関する法律) (superseding the amended 1918 Law). The areas established have a maximum duration of twenty years (subject to renewal) and hunting is prohibited within them. Special Protection Areas (特別保護地区) are designated within the Wildlife Protection Areas in order to protect habitats and ecosystems.

Wildlife of Japan
The wildlife of Japan includes its flora, fauna, and natural habitats. The islands of Japan stretch a long distance from north to south and cover a wide range of climatic zones. This results in a high diversity of wildlife despite Japan's isolation from the mainland of Asia. In the north of the country, north of Blakiston's Line, there are many subarctic species which have colonized Japan from the north. In the south there are south-east Asian species, typical of tropical regions. Between these areas lies the temperate zone which shares many species with China and Korea. Japan also has many endemic species that are found nowhere else in the world, making it home to many endangered/rare species.
Dudley Do-Right
Dudley Do-Right is a fictional character created by Alex Anderson, Chris Hayward, Allan Burns,  Jay Ward, and Bill Scott, who appears as the main protagonist of "Dudley Do-Right of the Mounties", a segment on The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends.

The segment parodies early 20th-century melodrama and silent film (the "Northern"), using only a piano as a musical background.

Dudley Do-Right's first appearance specifically incorporates silent film tropes such as intertitles and iris shots, as well as incorporating a similar plot to 1921 silent film O'Malley of the Mounted, starring William S. Hart.

William S. Hart
William Surrey Hart (December 6, 1864 – June 23, 1946) was an American silent film actor, screenwriter, director and producer. He is remembered as a foremost Western star of the silent era who "imbued all of his characters with honor and integrity." During the late 1910s and early 1920s, he was one of the most consistently popular movie stars, frequently ranking high among male actors in popularity contests held by movie fan magazines.
Northern Division (AFL)
The Northern Division of the Arena Football League was formed for the 1992 season and was disbanded after the end of the season. It consisted of the Albany Firebirds, Cincinnati Rockers, Cleveland Thunderbolts, and Detroit Drive. The Drive won the division in its only year of existence. The Firebirds were a 1990 expansion team, the Rockers were a 1992 expansion team, The ThunderBolts relocated from Columbus, Ohio following the 1991 season (their first in the league), and the Drive were a 1988 expansion team. A spiritual successor of the Northern Division was the Central Division.

Indiana Firebirds
The Indiana Firebirds were a team in the Arena Football League. The team was based in Indianapolis, Indiana. Home games were played at the Conseco Fieldhouse, also the home of the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association and Indiana Fever of the Women's National Basketball Association.
Taylor Hawkins and the Coattail Riders (album)
Taylor Hawkins & The Coattail Riders is the debut album by the band Taylor Hawkins & The Coattail Riders. It was released in 2006 through Thrive Records. It features 11 songs which were recorded by the band during 2004, before Foo Fighters started recording In Your Honor.

The album art is a homage to James Gang Rides Again, the second album by James Gang, of whom Taylor Hawkins is a big fan (he also wrote a song about the band on the Coattail Riders' second album).

James Gang Rides Again
James Gang Rides Again (alternatively known as simply Rides Again) is the second studio album by American rock band James Gang. The album was released on the label ABC Records. It is the James Gang's first album to feature bassist Dale Peters.
Villafuerte
Villafuerte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amílcar Augusto Villafuerte Trujillo (born 1964), Mexican politician affiliated with the PVEM

Brandon Villafuerte, American baseball player

Edwin Villafuerte, Ecuadoran footballer

Jaime Villafuerte (born 1920), Filipino former sports shooter

José Voltaire Villafuerte Tenorio (born 1956), Ecuadorian retired footballer

Juan Villafuerte, Ecuadorian painter

Juan Rodríguez de Villafuerte, a Spanish conquistador

Luis Raymund "LRay" Favis Villafuerte Jr. (born 1968), Filipino politician

Luis Robredo Villafuerte, Sr. (1935-2021), Filipino politician

Miguel Luis Villafuerte (born 1989), Filipino politician and model

Noel Nieva Villafuerte, International Visual artist

Luis Raymund Villafuerte
Luis Raymund "L-Ray" Favis Villafuerte Jr. (born June 3, 1968) is a Filipino politician who is the governor of Camarines Sur since 2025; he also served in the same position from 2004 to 2013. He previously served as the Representative of Camarines Sur's 2nd district from 2016 to 2025. He was a House Deputy Speaker from 2019 until October 14, 2020.

He belongs to a family of politicians. His father is former governor Luis Villafuerte Sr., while two of his sons also served as governors of Camarines Sur: Miguel Luis Villafuerte and Luigi Villafuerte. He was born with a mixture of Bicolano and Ilocano roots, as his father Luis Villafuerte Sr., is a Bicolano, while his mother, Nelly Favis-Villafuerte, a lawyer, columnist, and a former official of Department and Trade Industry and a member of the Monetary Board of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, came from the Favis family of Vigan, Ilocos Sur.
International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields
International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published bimonthly by Wiley-Blackwell. It covers research on the applications of numerical and computational methods on electrical engineering problems, with a focus on electronic circuits and electromagnetic fields. It was established in 1988 and its editor-in-chief is Giovanni Crupi.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Osella PA30
The Osella PA30 is a ground effect sports prototype race car, designed, developed and built by Italian manufacturer Osella, made specifically for timed hillcimb racing. It is powered by a naturally-aspirated 3.0 L (180 cu in) Zytek (Judd KV) ex-Formula 3000 V8 engine, producing in excess of 450 hp (340 kW).

Hillclimbing
Hillclimbing, also known as hill climbing, speed hillclimbing, or speed hill climbing, is a branch of motorsport in which drivers compete against the clock to complete an uphill course. It is one of the oldest forms of motorsport, since the first known hillclimb at La Turbie near Nice, France, took place as long ago as 31 January 1897. The hillclimb held at Shelsley Walsh, in Worcestershire, England, is the world's oldest continuously staged motorsport event still staged on its original course, having been first run in 1905.
Let Somebody Else Drive
"Let Somebody Else Drive" is a song written by Merle Kilgore and Mack Vickery, and recorded by American country music artist John Anderson.  It was released in January 1984 as the second single from the album All the People Are Talkin'.  The song reached number 10 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles nd Tracks chart.

Mack Vickery
Mack Vickery (June 8, 1938 – December 21, 2004), also known as Atlanta James and Vick Vickers, was an American musician, songwriter, and inductee in the Hillbilly Hall of Fame and Alabama Music Hall of Fame. His songs have been recorded by artists such as Jerry Lee Lewis, Waylon Jennings, George Thorogood, Johnny Cash, George Strait, Hank Williams Jr., and George Jones.
Wairoa College
Wairoa College is a co-educational secondary school located in Wairoa, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. It was expanded to include students from years 7 and 8 in 2005. A building project to accommodate the increased roll was complete by 2008. Wairoa College offers a curriculum designed around NCEA and WAI (Wairoa Achievement Initiative) assessments.

National Certificate of Educational Achievement
The National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) is the official secondary-school qualification in New Zealand. Phased in between 2002 and 2004, it replaced three older secondary-school qualifications. The New Zealand Qualifications Authority administers NCEA.

In early August 2025, the Sixth National Government confirmed plans to scrap NCEA and replace it with new  school certificates.
Arribes (geography)
Arribes (also named arribas or arribanzos) are the banks of the rivers in the southeast of the province of Zamora and the northeast of the province of Salamanca, Castile and León, Spain.

There are Águeda Arribes, Douro Arribes, Esla Arribes, Huebra Arribes, Tormes Arribes and Uces Arribes.

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
Pyrenula luteopruinosa
Pyrenula luteopruinosa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. It has a neotropical distribution, occurring in Panama, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii.

Pruinescence
Pruinescence /ˌpruːɪˈnɛsəns/, or pruinosity, is a "frosted" or dusty-looking coating on top of a surface. It may also be called a pruina (plural: pruinae), from the Latin word for hoarfrost. The adjectival form is pruinose /ˈpruːɪnoʊs, -z/.
Mariahilfplatz
The Mariahilfplatz is a town square on the right bank of the River Isar in the district of Au in Munich, Germany.

Centrally located in the suburb of Au, the Mariahilfplatz is a well visited and active place. One of the largest fairs in Munich, the Auer Dult, occurs here three times per year.

The square is dominated by the neo-gothic Mariahilfkirche (Mariahilf Church) which is situated right in the centre. East of the square behind the monastery of the School Sisters of Notre Dame is the Auer Mühlbach (Millstream of Au), one of the remaining brooks in Munich. Also at the Mariahilfplatz are the Landratsamt München (Administrative office of the Landkreis München) with the public health office, the Maria-Hilf School, Police Department 21, REFUGIO Munich (a consultation and treatment centre for refugees and torture victims) and Neudeck, a prison for women and young people.

Deutsches Museum
The Deutsches Museum (German Museum, officially Deutsches Museum von Meisterwerken der Naturwissenschaft und Technik (English: German Museum of Masterpieces of Science and Technology)) in Munich, Germany, is the world's largest museum of science and technology, with about 125,000 exhibited objects from 50 fields of science and technology. It receives about 1.5 million visitors per year.

The museum was founded on 28 June 1903, at a meeting of the Association of German Engineers (VDI) as an initiative of Oskar von Miller. It is the largest museum in Munich. For a period of time the museum was also used to host pop and rock concerts including The Who, Jimi Hendrix and Elton John.
1999 Patriot League men's basketball tournament
The 1999 Patriot League men's basketball tournament was played at Christl Arena in West Point, New York and Cotterell Court in Hamilton, New York after the conclusion of the 1998–99 regular season. Lafayette defeated #3 seed Bucknell, 67–63 in the championship game, to win its first Patriot League Tournament title. The Leopards earned an automatic bid to the 1999 NCAA tournament as #15 seed in the East region.

Hamilton, New York
Hamilton is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,379 at the 2020 census. The town is named after American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton and is a college town, with Colgate University dominating the town's employment, culture and population.

The town of Hamilton contains a village also named Hamilton.
Ansel Wong
Ansel Keith David Wong CBE (born 4 October 1945) is a Trinidadian-British cultural and political activist, who has been influential in many organisations particularly in the black community in the United Kingdom, where he has been based since the 1960s. He is the former Chair of the Notting Hill Carnival Board and founder of Elimu Mas Band. He is also an educationist and academic, and in a wide-ranging career has worked at senior levels in various organisations in the public and charitable sectors, including with the Windrush Foundation established in 1996 by Arthur Torrington.

Trinidadians and Tobagonians
Trinidadians and Tobagonians, colloquially known as Trinis or Trinbagonians, are the people who are identified with the country of Trinidad and Tobago. The population of Trinidad is notably diverse, with approximately 35% Indo-Trinidadian, 34% Afro-Trinidadian, and close to 30% Mixed (Particularly Dougla). The country is home to people of many different national, ethnic and religious origins. As a result, Trinidadians do not equate their nationality with race and  ethnicity, but with citizenship, identification with the islands as whole, or either Trinidad or Tobago specifically. Although citizens make up the majority of Trinidadians, there is a substantial number of Trinidadian expatriates, dual citizens and descendants living worldwide, chiefly elsewhere in the Anglosphere.
Bechtolsheim
Bechtolsheim (Literally Bechtol's Home) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Alzey-Land, whose seat is in Alzey.

Bundesautobahn 63
Bundesautobahn 63 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 63, short form Autobahn 63, abbreviated as BAB 63 or A 63) is an autobahn in southwestern Germany. It connects the Mainz area to Kaiserslautern and the A 6 and is therefore an important connection between the Rhine/Main and the Saar areas.  It was constructed during the 1980/90s and finished in 2004 (2004): last section Sembach to Kaiserslautern.

Historically an uninterrupted Autobahn, one final 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) section was added between Sembach and Kaiserslautern at the current site of the Dreieck Kaiserslautern/KL-Zentrum Ausfahrt. This relieved the heavy traffic on the two lane Bundesstraße 40.
Autoethnography
Autoethnography is a form of ethnographic research in which a researcher connects personal experiences to wider cultural, political, and social meanings and understandings. It is considered a form of qualitative and arts-based research.

Autoethnography has been used across various disciplines, including anthropology, arts education, communication studies, education, educational administration, English literature, ethnic studies, gender studies, history, human resource development, marketing, music therapy, nursing, organizational behavior, paramedicine, performance studies, physiotherapy, psychology, social work, sociology, and theology and religious studies.

Leon Anderson (sociologist)
Leon Anderson is an American sociologist, academic and researcher. He is a professor emeritus of Sociology at Ohio University and Utah State University.

Anderson's primary scholarly contributions fall in social inequality and qualitative social science research methods. Among these, he has focused on sociology of deviance, qualitative research methods, homelessness, and auto-ethnographic methods. Anderson has authored or coauthored several books including, Down on Their Luck: A Study of Homeless Street People, Analyzing Social Settings: A Guide to Qualitative Observation and Analysis 4th Edition and Deviance: Social Constructions and Blurred Boundaries. Down on Their Luck has been translated into Portuguese and Analyzing Social Settings has been translated into Polish.

In 2012 he co-edited an issue of the journal American Behavioral Scientist on mental health courts.
Thor Equities
Thor Equities is a real estate development, leasing and management firm, with headquarters in New York City, London and Mexico City. Thor Equities owns property in the United States, Canada, Europe, Russia, India and Latin America, including London's historic Burlington Arcade and the Palmer House Hilton. In New York City, Thor owns retail, office and residential properties on Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue as well as in SoHo, Flatiron, the Meatpacking District, and Brooklyn including Coney Island.  Thor also has investments in major U.S. cities including San Francisco's Union Square; Georgetown in Washington, D.C.; Robertson Boulevard in West Hollywood; Collins Avenue; Lincoln Road; Wynwood and the Design District in Miami.  Thor offers investment vehicles for institutional investors through its Thor Urban Property Funds. Thor Equities also has several subsidiary companies including retail advisory and tenant representation firm Thor Retail Advisors.

Meatpacking District, Manhattan
The Meatpacking District is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan that runs from West 14th Street south to Gansevoort Street, and from the Hudson River east to Hudson Street. The Meatpacking Business Improvement District along with signage in the area, extend these borders farther north to West 17th Street, east to Eighth Avenue, and south to Horatio Street.
Veronica Roberts
Veronica Roberts is a British actress, best known for playing Dorothy Bennett in the BBC drama Tenko and Laura Elliott in the ITV series Peak Practice. In 1975 she also had a regular role playing Deborah Wilson in the Granada series Sam (1973 TV series) Play Miss Robinson in the "Mr Ellis versus the people" in the Granada TV series Village Hall 1974.

She has also made short-term appearances in EastEnders, Casualty, The Bill, Holby City, Heartbeat, Little Britain, New Tricks and Emma (BBC TV Adaptation 2009).

Sam (1973 TV series)
Sam is a television drama series written by John Finch and produced by Granada Television between 1973 and 1975 for broadcast on ITV. Finch also created and wrote A Family at War for Granada.

The series is based on fact, with Sam as a boy growing up in Featherstone. It was initially set in the coalfields of Yorkshire in the inter-war period but eventually progressed to the modern (then) era. Interior scenes were recorded at Granada's studios in Manchester, while many of the exterior scenes were filmed in Lancashire. For example, the railway station used for filming was Garswood, near Wigan. Local dialect is used, e.g. top-at-knob referring to North Featherstone. The series was made in a video/film hybrid format, which was common at the time.
Ojakkala
60°22′13″N 24°23′56″E﻿ / ﻿60.37022°N 24.39896°E﻿ / 60.37022; 24.39896

Ojakkala is a village in the Vihti municipality, 45 kilometers from Helsinki, Finland. The administrative center of Vihti municipality, Nummela, is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of Ojakkala. Next to village is Enäjärvi. The population of Ojakkala is about 2,500. Ojakkala's services include, among other things, a primary school (Ojakkalan koulu) and the K-Market grocery store. There is also a historic sports hall (Ojakkalan urheilutalo) in the village, which currently serves as a venue for meetings and celebrations.

In Ojakkala, there is a ski resort Vihti Ski Center, a golf resort Vihti Golf Center and an amusement park PuuhaPark.

Resort hotel
A resort hotel is a hotel which often contains full-sized resort facilities with full-service accommodations and luxury amenities. These hotels may attract both business conferences and vacationing tourists and offer more than a convenient place to stay. These hotels may be referred to as major conference center hotels, flagship hotels, destination hotels, and destination resorts. The market for conference and resort hotels is a subject for market analysis.

These hotels as destinations may be characterized by distinctive architecture, upscale lodgings, ballrooms, large conference facilities, restaurants, and recreation activities such as golf or skiing. They may be located in a variety of settings from major cities to remote locations.
Satellite television in the United States
In 2017, there were two primary satellite television providers of subscription based service available to United States consumers: DirecTV and Dish Network, which have 21 and 10 million subscribers respectively. A 2021 Pew Research Center survey found that the percentage of American adults that reported having a cable or satellite television subscription fell from 76% in 2015 to 56% in 2021, while a 2025 Pew Research Center survey found that only 36% of American adults reported having a cable or satellite television subscription.

Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world. It also conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, random sample survey research, and panel based surveys,  media content analysis, and other empirical social science research.

The Pew Research Center states it does not take policy stances. It is a subsidiary of the Pew Charitable Trusts and a charter member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.