hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Microbalance
A microbalance is an instrument capable of making precise measurements of weight of objects of relatively small mass: of the order of a million parts of a gram. In comparison, a standard analytical balance is 100 times less sensitive; i.e. it is limited in precision to 0.1 milligrams. Microbalances are generally used in a laboratory as standalone instruments but are also incorporated into other instruments, such as thermogravimetry, sorption/desorption systems, and surface property instruments. It is the precision of the microbalance that distinguishes it from other weighing devices.

Dynamic vapor sorption
Dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) is a gravimetric technique that measures how quickly and how much of a solvent is absorbed by a sample such as a dry powder absorbing water. It does this by varying the vapor concentration surrounding the sample and measuring the change in mass which this produces. The technique is mostly used for water vapor, but is suitable for a wide range of organic solvents.
Daryl Williams, founder of Surface Measurement Systems Ltd, developed Dynamic Vapor Sorption in 1991; the first instrument was delivered to Pfizer UK in 1992. DVS was originally developed to replace the time and labor-intensive desiccators and saturated salt solutions used to measure water vapor sorption isotherms.
Glutaric aciduria type 1
Glutaric acidemia type 1 (GA1) is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to completely break down the amino acids lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan. Excessive levels of their intermediate breakdown products (glutaric acid, glutaryl-CoA, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, glutaconic acid) can accumulate and cause damage to the brain (and also other organs), but particularly the basal ganglia, which are regions that help regulate movement. GA1 causes secondary carnitine deficiency, as glutaric acid, like other organic acids, is detoxified by carnitine. Intellectual disability may occur.

GA1 is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), encoded by the GCDH gene.

Hydroxylysine
Hydroxylysine (Hyl) is an amino acid with the molecular formula C6H14N2O3. It was first discovered in 1921 by Donald Van Slyke as the 5-hydroxylysine form. It arises from a post-translational hydroxy modification of lysine.  It is most widely known as a component of collagen.

It is biosynthesized from lysine via oxidation by lysyl hydroxylase enzymes.  The most common form is the (5R) stereoisomer found in collagen. However, the enzyme JMJD6 has recently been shown to be a lysyl hydroxylase which modifies an RNA splicing factor producing the (5S) stereoisomer.  Additionally, in E. coli, there has been at least one lysine N-hydroxylase enzyme identified, named IucD.
2011 FIA WTCC Race of the Czech Republic
The 2011 FIA WTCC Race of the Czech Republic (formally the 2011 FIA WTCC Monroe Race of the Czech Republic) was the fifth round of the 2011 World Touring Car Championship season and the sixth running of the FIA WTCC Race of the Czech Republic. It was held on 19 June 2011 at the Masaryk Circuit in Brno, Czech Republic.

Both races were won by Chevrolet RML with Robert Huff winning race one and Yvan Muller winning race two.

Yvan Muller
Yvan Charles Muller (born 16 August 1969) is a French auto racing driver most noted for success in touring car racing. He is a four-time World Touring Car Champion, winning the title in 2008 with SEAT, in 2010 and 2011 with Chevrolet and in 2013 with RML. He was British Touring Car Champion in 2003 with Vauxhall.
Memories of You: Remembering Joe Williams
Memories of You: Remembering Joe Williams is a 2003 studio album by Mark Murphy.

Memories of You is the 41st recorded album by American jazz vocalist Mark Murphy. It was recorded when Murphy was about to turn 71 years old and released by HighNote Records in the United States in 2003. The release is a collection of blues in tribute to Joe Williams, and includes many of his hits and the standards associated with him. Norman Simmons, who worked closely with Williams, was the producer, arranger and pianist for the album. Murphy recorded the tunes in The Studio, NYC.

Joe Williams (jazz singer)
Joe Williams (born Joseph Goreed; December 12, 1918 – March 29, 1999) was an American jazz singer. He sang with big bands, such as the Count Basie Orchestra and the Lionel Hampton Orchestra, and with small combos. He sang in two films with the Basie orchestra and sometimes worked as an actor.
Georg Schewe
Georg Schewe (24 November 1909 – 16 September 1989) was a German officer with the Kriegsmarine during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Schewe sailed with U-60 and U-105, sinking sixteen ships on ten patrols, for a total of 85.779 tons of Allied shipping of which 71,450 tons on one patrol alone. It was the second most successful patrol of World War II, second only to Günter Hessler's patrol on U-107.

German submarine U-60 (1939)
German submarine U-60 was a Type IIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that served in the Second World War. She was built by Deutsche Werke AG, Kiel. Ordered on 21 July 1937, she was laid down on 1 October that year as yard number 259. She was launched on 1 June 1939 and commissioned on 22 July under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Georg Schewe.

U-60 was initially sent to the 5th U-boat Flotilla for training, until 1 October 1939, when she was reassigned to the 1st flotilla for a front-line combat role. U-60 carried out nine war patrols, sinking three ships for a total of 7,561 gross register tons (GRT) and damaging one other of 15,434 GRT. She then became a 'school' or training boat with the 21st flotilla for the rest of her career.

She was scuttled on 5 May 1945 at Wilhelmshaven.
Joyos de Tolosa
Joyos de Tolosa (probably late 13th century), whose first named is also spelled Joios, was a troubadour from Toulouse (also Toloza or Tholosa). He has left behind only one pastorela, "L'autr' ier el dous tems de Pascor", in which he names himself as the author. It is three coblas in length and mirrors the poem "Lantelm, qui·us onra ni·us acuoill" by Lanfranc Cigala in structure. Joyos' knight compains to the shepherdess (pastorela) of the mistreatment he receives at the hands of his lady (dompna).

Pastorela
The pastorela (Old Occitan: [pastuˈɾɛla], "little/young shepherdess") was an Occitan lyric genre used by the troubadours. It gave rise to the Old French pastourelle. The central topic was always the meeting of a knight with a shepherdess, which could lead to any of a number of possible conclusions. They were usually humorous pieces. The genre was allegedly invented by Cercamon, whose examples do not survive, and was most famously taken up by his (alleged) pupil Marcabru.
Jews and Israelis as animals in Palestinian discourse
Palestinian narratives about Jews and Israelis sometimes zoomorphically portray them as members of non-human species that are considered lowly or loathsome. This kind of dehumanization is commonplace on both sides of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

The dehumanization of Jews and Israelis in Muslim and Arab discourse, and specifically in Palestinian discourse, takes place (among other ways) by portraying them as various animals (or other biological phenomena) that are considered lowly, repugnant, impure and sometimes also harmful or dangerous, such as pigs, monkeys, snakes, vampires, octopuses, rats, spiders, cancer and more.

Felesteen (newspaper)
Felesteen (Arabic: فلسطين; sometimes Felestin) is a Palestinian Arabic language daily newspaper based in Gaza and founded in 2006. It is published in broadsheet format. It is the largest daily newspaper in the Gaza Strip by circulation. Israeli sources have referred to the paper as a "Hamas daily", an assessment shared by Fateh; it was banned in areas under the control of the Palestinian Authority from 2007 to 2014, when the ban was lifted after reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas.
Bolivia at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Bolivia competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 25 February 2018. The country returned to the Winter Olympics after last competing in 1992 in Albertville, France, a span of 26 years.

The official Bolivian team of two athletes competing in two sports was unveiled on January 18, 2018 at the South Korean embassy in La Paz. During this event it was also announced that alpine skier Simon Breitfuss Kammerlander would be the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Just William (book series)
The Just William series is a sequence of thirty-eight books written by English author Richmal Crompton. The books chronicle the adventures of the unruly schoolboy William Brown.

The books were published over a period of almost fifty years, between 1922 and 1970. Throughout the series, the protagonist remains at the same eleven years of age, despite each book being set in the era in which it was written. The first book was Just William, and often the entire series is named after this book. Each book, with the exception of the novel Just William's Luck, is a collection of short stories.

The series has spawned various television, film, theatre and radio adaptations. It also has a large fan following, with such groups as the Just William Society.

John Clark (English actor)
Ivan John Clark (1 November 1932 – 6 July 2023) was an English actor, director and producer. Clark is probably best known for his role as Just William in theatre and radio in the late 1940s and as the former husband of actress Lynn Redgrave, to whom he was married for 33 years. However, he established himself as a stage actor and director after moving to the United States in 1960, and became noted for directing plays featuring his wife in the 1970s beginning with A Better Place at Dublin's Gate Theatre (1973), then in America The Two of Us (1975), Saint Joan (1977–78), and a tour of California Suite (1976). In 1981, he directed an episode of the CBS television series  House Calls, in which Redgrave starred.

During 1993–1994 Clark produced and directed the one-woman play, Shakespeare for My Father  written and performed by Lynn Redgrave, which played on Broadway and then the Haymarket Theatre in London, followed by a tour of Australia and Canada.
Findlay Oilers
The Findlay Oilers are the athletic teams that represent the University of Findlay, located in Findlay, Ohio, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sporting competitions. The Oilers currently compete as members of the  Great Midwest Athletic Conference. The Oilers were a member of the GLIAC since 1997, when they switched from the NAIA to the NCAA. Findlay sponsors 20 NCAA-sanctioned intercollegiate sports. Findlay formerly sponsored varsity men's ice hockey, with the 1999–2004 seasons at the NCAA Division I level.

Findlay, Ohio
Findlay (/ˈfɪnli/ FIN-lee) is a city in Hancock County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The second-largest city in Northwest Ohio, Findlay lies about 40 miles (64 km) south of Toledo. The population was 40,313 at the 2020 census. The principal city of the Findlay micropolitan area, it is home to the University of Findlay and the headquarters of Marathon Petroleum.
Princess Svanevit
Princess Svanevit is a Swedish 12 metre class yacht, at 21.95 m (72.0 ft) the longest ever built. It was by designed by Gustaf Estlander & Tore Holm and built at August Plym's wharf Neglingevarvet by his sons Carl Plym and Bengt Plym.

Gustaf Estlander
Gustaf Axel Estlander (18 September 1876 – 1 December 1930) was a Finnish architect and one of the most successful Scandinavian yacht designers of the early 20th century. He was born and educated in Finland, later set up a yacht yard in Germany, and spent his final years in Sweden. As a sporty youth, Estlander in 1894 sailed from Finland to Sweden in a canoe. He was an accomplished skater, winning the 1898 European Speed Skating Championships for Men in Helsinki, Finland. He also competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
Louis Bétournay
Louis Bétournay (November 13, 1825 – October 30, 1879), educated at the Collège de Montréal, was a lawyer and judge who was born in Saint-Lambert, Quebec, and died at Saint-Boniface, Manitoba.

In 1872, Bétournay became a judge in what was the newly-proclaimed province of Manitoba. The appointment was to the Court of Queen's Bench, making him the first French Canadian to be appointed to a superior court in the west. The posting was to Fort Garry, where he was soon involved in the legal aftermath of the Red River Rebellion. His court ordered the trial of Louis Riel’s lieutenant, Ambroise-Dydime Lépine, for the death of Thomas Scott.

Court of King's Bench of Manitoba
The Court of King's Bench of Manitoba (French: Cour du Banc du Roi du Manitoba)—or the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba, depending on the monarch—is the superior court of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

The court is divided into two divisions. The Family Division deals with family law cases including divorces, guardianships, adoptions and child welfare. The General Division deals with civil and criminal matters, including civil trials, probate law, indictable offences and applications for the review of decisions from certain administrative tribunals.

The current Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench as of 2021 is Judge Glenn Joyal, who was appointed on 3 February 2011.
Sopwith Dolphin
The Sopwith 5F.1 Dolphin was a British fighter aircraft manufactured by the Sopwith Aviation Company. It was used by the Royal Flying Corps and its successor, the Royal Air Force, during the First World War. The Dolphin entered service on the Western Front in early 1918 and proved to be a formidable fighter. The aircraft was not retained in the postwar inventory and was retired shortly after the war.

Royal Air Force Museum Midlands
The Royal Air Force Museum Midlands, located at RAF Cosford in Shropshire, is a free museum dedicated to the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force in particular. The museum is part of the Royal Air Force Museum, a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Ministry of Defence and also a registered charity. The museum is spread over two sites in England; the other site is at the Royal Air Force Museum London at Colindale (near Hendon) in north London.
Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya Hill
Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya Hill (or Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya)  is a hill in the Australian state of South Australia located in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara lands about 110 kilometres (68 mi) west of the town of Marla and about 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-west of the settlement of Mimili.

The name means "where the devil urinates" in the regional Pitjantjatjara language and was recorded during a field trip organised by an unspecified state government agency in May 1989.  It was gazetted on 4 November 2010 by the Government of South Australia  as "Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya" without the word "hill".  The name is the longest official place name in Australia.

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Satikran
Satikran is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Aniassué, Abengourou Department, Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District. The village sits on the east bank of the Comoé River, which forms the border between Comoé and Lacs Districts.

Satikran was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Lacs District
Lacs District (French: District des Lacs; pronounced [lak], "Lakes") is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the central part of the country. The capital of the district is Dimbokro.
James Waddington
James Seymour Waddington (November 12, 1831 – 1917) was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate.

He was born in Chautauqua County, New York. He moved to Wiota, Wisconsin in 1841 before moving to Belvidere, Illinois in 1844 and to Argyle, Wisconsin in 1848.

Chautauqua County, New York
Chautauqua County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 127,657. Its county seat is Mayville, and its largest city is Jamestown. Its name is believed to be the lone surviving remnant of the Erie language, a tongue lost in the 17th century Beaver Wars; its meaning is unknown and a subject of speculation. The county was created in 1808 and organized in 1811. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Chautauqua County comprises the Jamestown–Dunkirk–Fredonia, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located south east of Lake Erie and includes a small portion of the Cattaraugus Reservation of the Seneca.
University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning
The University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning (DAAP) is an arts and architecture college of the University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, Ohio. It was initially established as the School of Applied Art in 1926.

John Hejduk
John Quentin Hejduk (July 19, 1929 – July 8, 2000) was an American architect, artist and educator from New York City. Hejduk studied at the Cooper Union School of Art and Architecture, the University of Cincinnati, and the Harvard Graduate School of Design. He worked in several offices in New York including that of I. M. Pei and the office of A.M. Kinney. He established his own practice in New York City in 1965.
Pirghebuli Monastery
Pirghebuli monastery (Georgian: პირღებულის მონასტერი, romanized: p'irghebulis monast'eri) is a medieval Georgian Orthodox monastery in the Khrami river valley in Georgia's Kvemo Kartli region. Dated to the late 12th or early 13th century, the monastery consists of several structures in various states of preservation. The main church is a large hall church with rich external decorative stone carvings. The monastery is inscribed on the list of Georgia's Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance.

Kvemo Kartli
Kvemo Kartli (Georgian: ქვემო ქართლი, IPA: [kʰʷemo kʰaɾtʰli]; lit. 'Lower Kartli') is a historic province and current administrative region (mkhare) in southeastern Georgia. The city of Rustavi is the regional capital.
What You Gonna Do When the Grid Goes Down?
What You Gonna Do When the Grid Goes Down? is the fifteenth studio album by American political hip hop group Public Enemy. It was released on September 25, 2020, on Def Jam Recordings, making it the group's first album for the label since 1998's He Got Game. Production was handled by C-Doc, The LBX, DJ Infinite, DJ Pain 1, DJ Premier, Easy Mo Bee, Flavor Flav, Johnny "Juice" Rasado, Racer X and Threepeeoh. It features guest appearances from George Clinton, Jahi, Ad-Rock, Black Thought, Cypress Hill, Daddy-O, Ice-T, James Bomb, Mark Jenkins, Mike D, Ms. Ariel, Nas, PMD, Pop Diesel, Questlove, Rapsody, Run-DMC, The Impossebulls and YG. It was supported by two singles: "State of the Union (STFU)" and "Fight the Power: Remix 2020".

Daddy-O (rapper)
Glenn K. Bolton,  (born February 20, 1961) widely known as Daddy-O, is an American rapper and record producer. He began his career by founding the hip-hop group Stetsasonic. He is known as an early advocate of sampling in music.
Yesterday & Today (Do As Infinity song)
"Yesterday & Today" is Do As Infinity's fourth single, released on February 23, 2000. Both "Yesterday & Today" and "Raven" were used as the theme song for Fuji TV drama Nisennen no Koi and movie Uzumaki respectively.

This song was included in the band's compilation albums Do the Best and Do the A-side.

Do the Best (Do As Infinity album)
Do the Best is a greatest hits album by the musical group Do As Infinity, released in 2002. In 2004, a combined compilation Do the Best + DVD was released. Some of the tracks in the album have minor changes, such as "Oasis" having an actual, definite ending unlike the original single where it previously had faded out instead. "Nice & Easy" was a brand new song that was included, it was also used as the theme song for a Lavenus commercial song featuring lead singer and musician, Tomiko Van. The CD+DVD version of the album is a re-release which was released in 2004 and included a DVD with numerous (either live or promotional) videos of the first thirteen tracks of the CD album.
North Augusta, Ontario
North Augusta is a settlement located in the township of Augusta, United Counties of Leeds and Grenville, in Eastern Ontario, Canada. An unincorporated place and police village, it had a population of approximately 550 at its height in the late 1800s. The community was originally called Bellamy's Mills after the Bellamy family who purchased a mill here around 1812. North Augusta is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city of Brockville and 19 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Prescott. Kemptville Creek begins near the community.

Police village
A police village was a form of municipal government that was used in the province of Ontario, Canada in the early 19th century if the finances or the population of an area did not permit the creation of a village.
The Emperor's New Clothes (2001 film)
The Emperor's New Clothes is a 2001 historical drama film directed by Alan Taylor and based on the 1992 novel The Death of Napoleon by Simon Leys. The film stars Ian Holm as Napoleon Bonaparte (his third performance as the military and political leader, after 1974's Napoleon and Love and 1981's Time Bandits), Iben Hjejle, and Tim McInnerny. The plot imagines an alternate history in which Napoleon escapes his exile on Saint Helena. Although set in Paris, the film was mostly shot in Turin, Italy.

Tim McInnerny
Timothy L. McInnerny (/ˌmækɪˈnɜːrni/ MAK-in-UR-nee; born 18 September 1956) is a British actor. He is known for his many roles on stage and television, including as Lord Percy Percy and Captain Kevin Darling in the 1980s British sitcom Blackadder.