hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Babiker Bedri Scientific Association for Women's Studies
The Babiker Bedri Scientific Association for Women's Studies (BBSAWS, also written as "Babiker Badri") was formed in Sudan in 1979 after a symposium in February that year, "The Changing Status of Women in Sudan", at Ahfad University for Women in Omdurman. Open to educated women from Sudan, the association's early aims were to set up welfare and education programmes for women in the White Nile and Red Sea states, and to end female genital mutilation, which has a high prevalence in Sudan. Asma El Dareer was one of the association's presidents.

The association was named after Sheikh Babiker Bedri, who in 1907 opened the first girls' school in Rufaa, Sudan. This was regarded as the beginning of the women's liberation movement in that country.

Rufaa (city)
Rufaa is a city in the Al Jazirah state in east-central Sudan.

The twin city of Al-Hasaheisa (Arabic: الحَصَاحِيصَا) lies on the eastern bank of the Blue Nile.

On 18 December 2023, the city was seized by the Rapid Support Forces during the War in Sudan. By 14 January 2025, the SAF recaptured the village.
Patriotic Union (Chile)
Patriotic Union (Spanish: Unión Patriótica, UPA) was a far-left Chilean political party. It was founded in September 2015 and was led by Eduardo Artés, general secretary of the Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action).

Legally registered in 2016, it first appeared in the municipal elections of that year. The party obtained 0.32% of the total votes but no candidates were elected to any council.

It was declared as an anti-imperialist, progressive, patriotic and populist party. Its leader has expressed sympathy with the government of North Korea and the government of President Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela.

For the 2017 elections, the party proclaimed Artés as its presidential candidate, where he finished in seventh place in the first round. The party was dissolved in 2018 for failing to get a minimum percentage of the vote. It was reregistered in 2019, but dissolved again in February 2022 after failing to obtain at least 5% of the vote in the 2021 parliamentary elections.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
6th National Geographic Bee
The 6th National Geographic Bee was held in Washington, D.C., on May 25, 1994, sponsored by the National Geographic Society. The final competition was moderated by Jeopardy! host Alex Trebek. The winner was Anders Knospe of Bozeman, Montana, who won a $25,000 college scholarship. The 2nd-place winner, Michael Bebow of Metairie, Louisiana, won a $15,000 scholarship. The 3rd-place winner, Jeorse Lund of Henderson, Nevada, won a $10,000 scholarship.

Alex Trebek
George Alexander Trebek (/trəˈbɛk/; July 22, 1940 – November 8, 2020) was a Canadian and American game show host and television personality. Regarded as a pop culture icon, he was best known for hosting the syndicated quiz show Jeopardy! for 37 seasons from its revival in 1984 until his death in 2020. Trebek also hosted a number of other game shows, including The Wizard of Odds, Double Dare, High Rollers, Battlestars, Classic Concentration, and To Tell the Truth. He made appearances, usually as himself, in numerous films and television series.

A native of Canada, Trebek became a naturalized American citizen in 1998. For his work on Jeopardy!, Trebek received the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host eight times. He died in November 2020, at age 80, after 20 months with stage IV pancreatic cancer. At the time of his death, Trebek had been contracted to host Jeopardy! until 2022.
Ben Weyts
Ben Weyts (born 12 November 1970) is a Belgian politician of the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA). He has been a Vice Minister-President of Flanders in the Flemish Government since 2019, and serves as the Flemish Minister for Budget and Finance, Brussels Periphery, Real Estate Heritage, and Animal Welfare in the current Diependaele Government, which took office in 2024.

As Vice-President in the Jambon Government from 2019 to 2024, he also served as the Flemish Minister for Animal Welfare, the Brussels Periphery, Education, and Sport. He previously served in the Homans and Bourgeois governments from 2014 to 2019. He was a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 2008 to 2014.

Minister-President of Flanders
The minister-president of Flanders (Dutch: Minister-president van Vlaanderen) is the head of the Flemish Government, which is the executive branch of the Flemish Region and Flemish Community.

The incumbent officeholder is Matthias Diependaele, who took over from Jan Jambon, following the 2024 Belgian regional elections. The current government is made up of three parties, the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA), Vooruit, and Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V). The ministers were sworn in on 30 September 2024. The government consists of nine ministers, five for the N-VA, two for Vooruit and two for CD&V.
Francesco Cesareo
Francesco C. Cesareo (often called "Prez Chez" by his students) is an American academic administrator and historian who served as the president of Assumption University in Worcester, Massachusetts from October 12, 2007 to June 30, 2022. Cesareo is also the chairman of the National Review Board since 2013.

John Carroll University
John Carroll University (JCU) is a private Jesuit university in University Heights, Ohio, United States, a suburb of Cleveland. It was founded in 1886 as St. Ignatius College and renamed in 1923 for John Carroll, the first Catholic bishop in the United States. For the 2025–2026 academic year, the university enrolled approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students.

The university is primarily an undergraduate, liberal arts institution composed of three colleges—the College of Arts and Sciences, the Boler College of Business, and the College of Health. As a Jesuit institution, the university follows an educational approach shaped by Jesuit traditions.
Mongol invasion of India (1303)
In 1303, a Mongol army from the Chagatai Khanate launched an invasion of the Delhi Sultanate, when two major units of the Delhi army were away from the city. The Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji, who was away at Chittor when the Mongols started their march, returned to Delhi in a hurry. However, he was unable to make adequate war preparations, and decided to take shelter in a well-guarded camp at the under-construction Siri Fort. The Mongols, led by Taraghai, besieged Delhi for over two months, and ransacked its suburbs. Ultimately, they decided to retreat, having been unable to breach Alauddin's camp.

The invasion was one of the most serious Mongol invasions of India, and prompted Alauddin to take several measures to prevent a recurrence. He strengthened military presence along the Mongol routes to India, and implemented economic reforms to ensure adequate revenue streams for maintaining a strong army.

Ziauddin Barani
Ziauddin Barani (Urdu: ضیاء الدین برنی‎; 1285–1357) was an Indian political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate located in present-day Northern India during Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah's reign. He was best known for composing the Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi (also called Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi), a work on medieval India, which covers the period from the reign of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq to the first six years of the reign of Firoz Shah Tughluq; and the Fatwa-i-Jahandari which promoted a hierarchy among Muslim communities in the Indian subcontinent, although according to M. Athar Ali it was not based on race or even like the caste system, but taking as a model of Sassanid Iran, which promoted an idea of aristocracy through birth and which was claimed by Persians to be "fully in accordance with the main thrust of Islamic thought as it had developed by that time", including in the works of his near-contemporary Ibn Khaldun.
Eti Maden
Eti Maden is a Turkish state-owned mining and chemicals company focusing on boron products. It holds a government monopoly on the mining of borate minerals in Turkey, which possesses 73% of the world's known deposits. In 2012, it held a 47% share of global production of borate minerals, ahead of its main competitor, Rio Tinto Group, which held 23%. It is owned by the Turkey Wealth Fund.

In 2012, it was the forty-first largest industrial company in Turkey, with an annual revenue of $850 million.

It was founded in 1935 as Etibank, a bank created to finance Turkish natural resource extraction; in 1993, the company's banking activities were privatized, and its mining activities separated under the name Eti Holding A.Ş. In 2004, the company was restructured again and named Eti Mine Works.

Borate mineral
The Borate Minerals are minerals which contain a borate anion group. The borate (BO3) units may be polymerised similar to the SiO4 unit of the silicate mineral class. This results in B2O5, B3O6, B2O4 anions as well as more complex structures which include hydroxide or halogen anions. The [B(O,OH)4]− anion exists as well.

Many borate minerals, such as borax, colemanite, and ulexite, are salts: soft, readily soluble, and found in evaporite contexts. However, some, such as boracite, are hard and resistant to weathering, more similar to the silicates.

There are over 100 different borate minerals. Borate minerals include:

Kernite Na2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O

Borax Na2B4O5(OH)4·8H2O

Ulexite NaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O

Colemanite CaB3O4(OH)3·H2O

Boracite Mg3B7O13Cl

Painite CaZrAl9O15(BO3)
Lekhgaun, Surkhet
Lekhgaun, Bheri  is a village development committee in Surkhet District in the Bheri Zone of mid-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3999 people living in 651 individual households.

Bheri Zone
Bheri Zone (Nepali: भेरी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal. Nepalgunj were the administrative headquarters.

Cities and towns were Narayan, Jajarkot and Chhinchu in the "hills"; Nepalgunj, Gularia and Kohalpur in Terai; and Birendranagar in Surkhet Valley in the Inner Terai.
Dubois County Railroad
The Dubois County Railroad (reporting mark DCRR) is a Class III short-line railroad serving Dubois County in southern Indiana, United States, and is a for-profit subsidiary of the Indiana Railway Museum, now better known as the French Lick Scenic Railway.

The railroad branches off a Norfolk Southern line in Huntingburg and heads north to the county seat of Jasper. Beyond Jasper, the tracks are owned and operated by the Indiana Railway Museum as a heritage railroad. The total length of the Dubois County Railroad is approximately 7 miles (11 km).

Freight hauled on the line consists mainly of petroleum products.  The Railroad also operates tourist service for the Spirit of Jasper

Jasper, Indiana
Jasper is a city in and the county seat of Dubois County, Indiana, United States, located along the Patoka River. The population was 16,703 at the 2020 census making it the 48th most populous city in Indiana. On November 4, 2007, Dubois County returned to the Eastern Time Zone, after having moved to the Central Time Zone the previous year. Land use in the area is primarily agricultural. The Indiana Baseball Hall of Fame, which honors players and others associated with the national pastime who were born or lived in Indiana, is located in Jasper.
Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Goa Campus
Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Goa Campus is one of the five constituent campuses of the BITS Pilani located in Goa, India. It was established in the year 2004.

In April 2011, following the August 2008 death of the Chancellor, Krishna Kumar Birla, the campus was renamed as Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani K. K. Birla Goa Campus in his memory. In August 2011, the campus held its first ever convocation ceremony, during which 580 graduates were awarded their degrees.

Convocation
A convocation (from Latin convocare 'to call/come together', a rough calque of Greek ἐκκλησία ekklēsia) is a group of people formally assembled for a specific purpose, typically ecclesiastical or academic.

In academic use, it can be a ceremonial assembly of the university for graduation or commencement, or of the institution's alumni. Some institutions hold a convocation at the start of the academic year to welcome incoming students.
Pseudoleucania diana
Pseudoleucania diana is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Santiago, O'Higgins, Maule, Biobío and Magallanes and Antartica Chilena Regions of Chile and Tierra del Fuego, Chubut, San Martín de los Andes and Río Negro in Argentina.

The wingspan is about 32 mm. Adults are on wing from September to April.

Maule Region
The Maule Region (Spanish: Región del Maule, pronounced [ˈmawle]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire.
Wairangi
Wairangi was a Māori rangatira (chieftain) of the Ngāti Takihiku hapū of the Ngāti Raukawa iwi in the Tainui tribal confederation from the Waikato region, New Zealand and the ancestor of the Ngāti Wairangi hapū. He probably lived in the mid-seventeenth century.

Ngāti Tūwharetoa
Ngāti Tūwharetoa is an iwi descended from Ngātoro-i-rangi, the priest who navigated the Arawa canoe to New Zealand. The Tūwharetoa region extends from Te Awa o te Atua (Tarawera River) at Matatā across the central plateau of the North Island to the lands around Mount Tongariro and Lake Taupō.

Tūwharetoa is the sixth largest iwi in New Zealand, with a population of 35,877 of the 2013 New Zealand census, and 40% of its people under the age of 15. The tribe consists of a number of hapū (subtribes) represented by 33 marae (meeting places). The collective is bound together by the legacy of Ngātoro-i-rangi as epitomised in the ariki (paramount chief), currently Sir Tumu te Heuheu Tūkino VIII.

In the 2013 New Zealand census 35,877 people identified as Ngāti Tūwharetoa. By the 2018 New Zealand census, there were at least 47,103 people identifying with the iwi, including 44,448 identifying with the Taupō branch, and 2,655 identifying with the Kawerau branch.
Thomas Henry Goode
Thomas Henry Goode (25 November 1933 – 28 May 1994) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Burnaby, British Columbia and became a builder, developer and teacher by career.

Goode attended the University of British Columbia and the Vancouver Teacher Training College. His father, Tom Goode, previously represented the same electoral district from 1949 to 1957.

He was first elected at the Burnaby—Richmond riding in the 1968 general election. After serving his only term, the 28th Canadian Parliament, Goode was defeated in the 1972 election by John Reynolds of the Progressive Conservative party.

Goode then became Mayor of Delta, British Columbia from 1973 to 1979. He died on 28 May 1994 due to cancer.

1968 Canadian federal election
The 1968 Canadian federal election was held on June 25, 1968, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 28th Parliament of Canada.

In April 1968, Prime Minister Lester Pearson of the Liberal Party resigned as party leader as a result of declining health and failing to win a majority government in two attempts. He was succeeded by his Minister of Justice and Attorney General Pierre Trudeau, who called an election immediately after becoming prime minister. Trudeau's charisma appealed to Canadian voters; his popularity became known as "Trudeaumania" and helped him win a comfortable majority. Robert Stanfield's Progressive Conservatives lost seats whereas the New Democratic Party's support stayed the same.
Irina Klimovschi
Irina Klimovschi (née Nagy; Hungarian: Nagy Ilona; 1936 – 2 May 2001) was a Romanian handballer who played for the Romanian national team. At club level, she played for SMTCF Târgu Mureș, Progresul Târgu Mureș, Știința București or Rapid București. Together with Luminița Dinu-Huțupan, she is regarded by Constantin Popescu–Pilică as the greatest Romanian goalkeeper of all time.

Constantin Popescu (handball coach)
Constantin Popescu (3 September 1928 – 2 November 2018), nicknamed Pilică, was a Romanian professional handball manager and author of books on handball. He is the most successful coach in the history of Romanian female handball. He had pioneered handball in Romania. He graduated from the I.E.F.S., being the disciple of Professor Victor Cojocaru.
Dzhubga
Dzhubga (Russian: Джу́бга; Adyghe: Жьыбгъэ, Ẑəbġă which means "Wind") is a seaside resort situated 57 km west of Tuapse in Krasnodar Krai, Russia.

Dzhubga is the starting point of the M27 highway. It is connected to the region's capital, Krasnodar, by a 108-kilometre-long (67 mi) highway that runs northward, passing through Adygeysk and Goryachy Klyuch.

In June 2007, Eni and Gazprom disclosed the South Stream project whereby a 900-kilometre-long (560 mi) offshore natural gas pipeline with annual capacity of 31 cubic kilometers is planned to cross the Black Sea from Dzhubga to Varna, en route to Italy and Austria.

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.
Micah Shrewsberry
Micah William Shrewsberry (born July 31, 1976) is an American basketball coach and former college basketball player who is the head coach of the Notre Dame Fighting Irish of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). He previously served as head coach of the Penn State Nittany Lions.

Penn State Nittany Lions basketball
The Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team is an NCAA Division I college basketball team representing the Pennsylvania State University. They play home games at the 15,261-seat Bryce Jordan Center, moving there from Rec Hall during the 1995–96 season. Their student cheering section is known as the Legion of Blue.

The team played its first season of basketball in 1897, finishing with a 1–1 record after playing Bucknell twice.  They lost the first game 4–24, and won the second 10–7.  The team went without a formal head coach until Burke Hermann in 1916.

The program has ten NCAA tournament appearances with its best finish coming in 1954, reaching the Final Four.  Its most recent appearance was in 2023, when the team beat Texas A&M in the first round. The program also has 11 appearances in the National Invitation Tournament, with the most recent being in 2018, when they beat Utah to win the NIT championship. They also won the NIT championship in 2009.
21 Persei
21 Persei is a single, variable star in the northern constellation of Perseus, located about 331 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.10 km/s. The object is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +8.5 km/s. It has the variable star designation LT Persei; 21 Persei is the Flamsteed designation.

This is an Ap star with a stellar classification of A2VspSiEu, where the A2V indicates it is an A-type main-sequence star, 's' means narrow "sharp" absorption, and SiEu shows abundance anomalies of the elements silicon and europium. The star is an Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable, meaning that the star has a strong magnetic field chromium, silicon, and strontium spectral lines. 21 Persei's period of variability is approximately 2.88 days.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.
Alesha F.C.
Alesha Football Club is an Indonesian football club from Makassar, South Sulawesi. They currently play in Liga 3. Alesha FC is a club owned by a company PT Alesha Group Perkasa. they have just registered as official members of the Asprov PSSI South Sulawesi in Liga 3 and will debut to compete in 2021 Liga 3 South Sulawesi zone. In addition to having a main squad team, they also have a young squad that competed in the Soeratin Cup, namely Alesha FC U13, Alesha FC U15 and Alesha FC U17.

Soeratin Cup
Soeratin Cup is an Indonesian football competition for players under the age of eighteen. Previously the competition was sponsored by Indofood and was called Liga Indofood.

Soeratin name used as the name for the dedicated this championship trophy as a tribute to one of the main founder and the chairman of the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI).

The participants of this competition comes from all junior clubs from all board members to thirty-four local football associations throughout Indonesia.
Dhapa, India
Dhapa is a locality on the fringes of East Kolkata, India. The area consists of landfill sites where the solid wastes of the city of Kolkata are dumped. "Garbage farming" is encouraged in the landfill sites. More than 40 per cent of the green vegetables in the Kolkata markets come from these lands. There are four sectors in Dhapa for dumping garbage that are filled with 2,500 tonnes of waste per day.

Waste
Waste are unwanted or unusable materials. Waste is any substance discarded after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use. A by-product, by contrast is a joint product of relatively minor economic value. A waste product may become a by-product, joint product or resource through an invention that raises a waste product's value above zero.

Examples include municipal solid waste (household garbage), hazardous waste, wastewater (such as sewage, which contains bodily wastes (feces and urine) and surface runoff), radioactive waste, and others.
National Youth Movement
National Youth Movement was established in 1971, by Reverend Al Sharpton at the age of 16 years.  After Jesse Jackson left the Southern Christian Leadership Conference over his administrative suspension, and Sharpton—who was mentored by Jackson—left the SCLC in protest and formed the National Youth Movement.

The mission of the organization was fighting drugs and raising money for impoverished children in the inner cities.

Inner city
The term inner city (also called the hood) has been used, especially in the United States, as a euphemism for majority-minority lower-income residential districts that often refer to rundown neighborhoods, in a downtown or city centre area. Sociologists sometimes turn the euphemism into a formal designation by applying the term inner city to such residential areas, rather than to more geographically central commercial districts, often referred to by terms such as downtown, city centre, or central business district.