hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sudesh Rai
Sudesh Rai is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a three time elected Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2013, 2018, and 2023, representing Sehore Assembly constituency as a Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. His family owns multiple Bars , Hotels , and Wine shops.

2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
A Legislative Assembly election was held on 25 November 2013 in Madhya Pradesh, India, with the result announced on 8 December. Along with four other state assembly elections, these were the first elections in which the Election Commission of India (ECI) implemented a "None of the above" (NOTA) voting option, allowing the electorate to register a neutral vote but not to outright reject candidates. In a first, the Election Commission of India also appointed Central Awareness Observers, whose main task was to oversee voter awareness and facilitation.
Karnataka Sakala Services Act
The Karnataka Sakala Services Act was passed in 2011 to provide guarantee of services to citizens in the Indian state of Karnataka with a stipulated time limiting to citizen related services. The act came to be known as the Sakala act since November 2012. Karnataka is the tenth state to incorporate an act under Right to Public Services legislation. The Sakala program is backed by a comprehensive information technology network, developed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) to provide solutions and services and to monitor the services.

The sakala team is currently headed by D Roopa IPS and the project overall reports to Principal Secretary, Department of Personnel and Administrative reforms (Services) after the recent reorganisation.

Right to Public Services legislation
Right to Public Services legislation in India comprises statutory laws which guarantee time bound delivery of services for various public services rendered by the Government to citizen and provides mechanism for punishing the errant public servant who is deficient in providing the service stipulated under the statute. Right to Service legislation are meant to reduce corruption among the government officials and to increase transparency and public accountability. Madhya Pradesh became the first state in India to enact Right to Service Act on 18 August 2010 and Bihar was the second to enact this bill on 25 July 2011. Several other states like Bihar, Delhi, Punjab, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand Maharashtra, West Bengal and Mizoram have introduced similar legislation for effectuating the right to service to the citizen.

As of 2025, 22 States and Union Territories have enacted Right to Service legislations.
2007 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women Division C
The 2007 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women Division C was the sixth edition of the Division C of the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship, the third tier of the European women's under-18 basketball championship. It was played in Valletta, Malta, from 28 August to 1 September 2007. The host team, Malta, won the tournament.

FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket is the new name for the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship, originally known as the FIBA European Championship for Junior Women. It's a women's youth basketball competition that was inaugurated with the 1965 edition. The current champions are Spain, having beaten Finland in the 2025 final.
Tricholoma fulvum
Tricholoma fulvum is a mushroom of the agaric genus Tricholoma. One guide reports that the species is inedible, while another says the fruit bodies are edible.

It is a pale brown to reddish-brown mushroom with crimped hat edges. Gills are yellowy-white and get brown spots. The spore powder is white. The stem brown externally, and hollow and yellow internally. It grows mycorrhizally with birch-trees.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Siebold Memorial Museum
Siebold Memorial Museum (シーボルト記念館, Shīboruto Kinenkan) was opened in Nagasaki city  on October 1, 1989 in honour of Philipp Franz von Siebold and his contributions to the development of modern science in Japan. The building is modeled on his former house in Leiden, and the entrance is modeled after the former home of Siebold's grandfather, Karl Caspar. The museum displays 206 items classified into six categories describing Von Siebold's six-year stay in Nagasaki, the so-called "Siebold incident", and his life work on Japan. It also exhibits his family tree and items about his common law wife Kusumoto Taki and their daughter Kusumoto Ine, who eventually became Japan's first female doctor.

Family tree
A family tree, also called a genealogical tree or a pedigree chart, is a chart representing family relationships in a conventional tree structure. More detailed family trees, used in medicine and social work, are known as genograms.
Edward Bruce
Edward Bruce, Earl of Carrick (Norman French: Edward de Brus; Middle Irish: Edubard a Briuis; Modern Scottish Gaelic: Scottish Gaelic: Eideard or Iomhair Bruis; c. 1280 – 14 October 1318), was a younger brother of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots. He supported his brother in the 1306–1314 struggle for the Scottish crown, then pursued his own claims in Ireland. Proclaimed High King of Ireland in 1315 and crowned in 1316, he was eventually defeated and killed by Anglo-Irish forces of the Lordship of Ireland at the Battle of Faughart in County Louth in 1318.

Middle Irish
Middle Irish, also called Middle Gaelic (Irish: An Mheán-Ghaeilge, Scottish Gaelic: Meadhan-Ghàidhlig, Manx: Mean Ghaelg), is the Goidelic language which was spoken in Ireland, most of Scotland and the Isle of Man from c. 900–1200 AD; it is therefore a contemporary of Late Old English and Early Middle English. The modern Goidelic languages—Modern Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx Gaelic—are all descendants of Middle Irish.
Horwood (surname)
Horwood is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alec Horwood (1914–1944), British Army officer and Victoria Cross recipient

Bonnie Horwood (born 1987), English women's footballer

Charles Horwood (1839–1870), English cricketer

Edgar Lewis Horwood (1868–1957), Canadian architect

Evan Horwood (born 1986), English footballer

Harold Horwood (1923–2006), Canadian writer and politician

Joel Horwood, English playwright

John Horwood (1803–1821)

Martin Horwood (born 1962), British politician

Neil Horwood (born 1964), Scottish footballer

Owen Horwood (1916–1998), South African politician

Ray Horwood (1927–2009), Australian rules footballer

Richard Horwood (1757/8–1803), English surveyor and cartographer

Stanley Horwood (1877–1959), South African cricketer

William Horwood (disambiguation), multiple people

Martin Horwood
Martin Charles Horwood  (born 12 October 1962) is a British Liberal Democrat politician who represented South West England in the European Parliament from 2019 to 2020. He previously served as the Member of Parliament for Cheltenham from 2005 to 2015.

During his tenure, he founded the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Tribal Peoples. Horwood is now director of engagement and impact at Development Initiatives.
Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship
The Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship of Australia (AEF) is an Indigenous Australian Christian organisation that was formed in January 1970, in Port Augusta, South Australia.

There are a number of churches, in New South Wales and Western Australia, with two bible colleges: AEF Bimbadeen College on the site of the Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls at Cootamundra, New South Wales and Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship Bible College of WA at Forrestdale, Western Australia.

The current President of the Aboriginal Evangelical Fellowship is the Rev. Neville Naden.

Bible college
A Bible college, sometimes referred to as a Bible institute or theological institute or  theological seminary, is an evangelical Christian or Restoration Movement Christian institution of higher education which prepares students for Christian ministry with theological education, Biblical studies and practical ministry training.

Bible colleges primarily offer undergraduate degrees, but may also offer graduate degrees, lower-level associate degrees, certificates or diplomas in specialized areas of Christian training where a full degree is not required.
Joseph Hoare (bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise)
Joseph Hoare (born Ballymahon, 15 March 1842 - died Longford, 14 April 1927) was an Irish Roman Catholic bishop.

Hoare was educated at St Patrick's College, Maynooth and ordained priest on 11 June 1867. He was a curate at Templemichael, County Longford then head teacher at St Mel's College, Longford. He was parish priest of Street, County Westmeath from 1881 to 1887; and then of Carrick on Shannon until his appointment as Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise in 1895. He died in post.

Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
Catholicism portal

The Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise, one of the suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Armagh. The episcopal title takes its name after the town of Ardagh in County Longford and the monastery of Clonmacnoise in County Offaly, Ireland.

The union of the sees of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise, which had been proposed in 1709, was carried into effect following the death of Stephen MacEgan, Bishop of Meath on 30 May 1756, who had been administering the see of Clonmacnoise. Augustine Cheevers, Bishop of Ardagh, was translated to the see of Meath on 7 August 1756, and Anthony Blake was appointed as the first bishop of the united see of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise on 11 August 1756.
Al Hajri (surname)
Al Hajri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al-Anoud bint Mana Al Hajri, Qatari royal

Ali Al-Hajri (born 1962), former Kuwaiti politician

Ali Bin Fahad Al-Hajri (born 1960), Qatari diplomat

Khalid Al-Hajri (born 1994), Omani footballer

Mohamed Ahmed Al-Hajri (1889–1960), Yemeni historian, genealogist and judge

Nasser Al Hajri (born 1981), retired Kuwaiti footballer

Rashed Al Hajri (born 1995), Emirati footballer

Saeed Al-Hajri (bowler), Qatari ten-pin bowler

Saeed Al-Hajri (rally driver) (born 1950), Qatari rally driver

Salem Al-Hajri (born 1996), Qatari footballer

Shujoun Al-Hajri (born 1988), Kuwaiti actress and broadcaster

Mohamed Ahmed Al-Hajri
Mohamed bin Ahmed Al-Hajri, sometimes spelled Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Hajrī, (Arabic: محمد بن أحمد الحجري; 1889 –1960) was a Yemeni historian, genealogist and judge. He wrote books on Yemeni history and tribes.
Postgasse
The Postgasse (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈpɔstˌɡasɛ]) is one of the streets in the Old City of Bern, the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland.  It is part of the Zähringerstadt which was built during the foundation of the city in 1191. It runs from Nydeggstalden near the Aare river in the east to the transverse Kreuzgasse, where the name changes to Rathausgasse.  It is part of the UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Site that encompasses the Old City.

Aare
The Aare (Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɛ] ⓘ) or Aar (Swiss Standard German: [aːr] ⓘ) is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.

Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about 295 kilometres (183 mi), during which distance it descends 1,565 m (5,135 ft), draining an area of 17,779 km2 (6,865 sq mi), almost entirely within Switzerland, and accounting for close to half the area of the country, including all of Central Switzerland.

There are more than 40 hydroelectric plants along the course of the Aare.

The river's name dates to at least the La Tène period, and it is attested as Nantaror "Aare valley" in the Berne zinc tablet.

The name was Latinized as Arula/Arola/Araris.
Bat (goddess)
Bat is a cow goddess in Egyptian mythology who was depicted as a human face with cow ears and horns or as a woman. Evidence of the worship of Bat exists from the earliest records of the religious practices in ancient Egypt. By the time of the Middle Kingdom, after the unification of Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, her identity and attributes were subsumed within that of the goddess Hathor, a similar goddess worshipped in another nome. The imagery of Bat persisted throughout the history of ancient Egypt on the sistrum, a sacred instrument that remained associated with religious practices.

Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt (Arabic: مصر السفلى Miṣr as-Suflā) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile River split into seven branches of the delta in Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt was divided into nomes and began to advance as a civilization after 3600 BC. Today, it contains two major channels that flow through the delta of the Nile River – Mahmoudiyah Canal (ancient Agathos Daimon) and Muways Canal (Arabic: بحر موَيس, "waterway of Moses").
Hasha language
Hasha, also known as Yashi, is a Plateau language of Nasarawa State Nigeria. It has an idiosyncratic system of reduplicating the first syllable of noun stems, apparently under the influence of the Chadic language Sha.

Hasha is spoken by about 3,000 people in Kwààn (Yàshì Sarki; Bwora), which is the main settlement, and also in the two nearby villages of Hàshàsu (Yàshì Pá) and Hùsù (Yàshì Madaki; Kusu).

Chadic languages
The Chadic languages form a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. They are spoken in parts of the Sahel. They include 196 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, and northern Cameroon. By far the most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland Eastern West Africa, particularly Niger and the northern half of Nigeria. Hausa is the only Chadic language with more than 1 million speakers.
An Cléireach
An Cléireach (Gaelic: The Clerk) is a novel by the Irish writer Darach Ó Scolaí, published in 2007 and winner of the 2007 Oireachtas Prize for Literature. It also won Gradam Uí Shúilleabháin (Irish Language Book of the Year) in 2008.

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
How Green House
How Green House is an architecturally important Arts and Crafts movement style country house near Hever in the Sevenoaks District of Kent. It was designed by Scottish architect Robert Weir Schultz and drawn by his assistant Cecil Wood.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Murders of Lee Rotatori and Thomas Freeman
On June 25, 1982, Lee Gunsalus Rotatori, a 32-year-old American woman, was sexually assaulted and murdered in her hotel room by Thomas Oscar Freeman in Council Bluffs, Iowa. The murder went unsolved for nearly 40 years, until it was announced by authorities in 2022 that the perpetrator had been identified as Freeman using investigative genetic genealogy.

Around July 1982, Freeman himself was murdered by an unidentified perpetrator in Cobden, Illinois. His decomposing body was found in a shallow grave around three months after his murder. As of 2025, the murder of Freeman remains unsolved and the case remains open, and investigators believe the two murders were connected.

Corpse decomposition
Decomposition is the process in which the organs and complex molecules of animal and human bodies break down into simple organic matter over time. In vertebrates, five stages of decomposition are typically recognized: fresh, bloat, active decay, advanced decay, and dry/skeletonized. Knowing the different stages of decomposition can help investigators in determining the post-mortem interval (PMI). The rate of decomposition of human remains can vary due to environmental factors and other factors. Environmental factors include temperature, burning, humidity, and the availability of oxygen. Other factors include body size, clothing, and the cause of death.
Eueana niveociliaria
Eueana niveociliaria is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1870. It is found in the US state of Florida, as well as on the Bahamas, Cuba and Jamaica.

The wingspan is about 20 mm.

The larvae feed on Krugiodendron ferreum.

Krugiodendron
Krugiodendron ferreum, commonly known as the black ironwood or leadwood, is a species of tree in the family Rhamnaceae. It is found in southern Florida, throughout the Caribbean and from southern Mexico to Honduras.  Originally described by Martin Vahl, its specific epithet is the Latin adjective ferreus ("iron-like").
Irving Kirsch
Irving Kirsch (born March 7, 1943) is an American psychologist and academic. He is the Associate Director of the Program in Placebo Studies and a lecturer in medicine at the Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.  He is also professor emeritus of psychology at the Universities of Hull and Plymouth in the United Kingdom, and the University of Connecticut in the United States. Kirsch is a leading researcher within the field of placebo studies who is noted for his work on placebo effects, antidepressants, expectancy, and hypnosis.  He is the originator of response expectancy theory, and his analyses of clinical trials of antidepressants have influenced official treatment guidelines in the United Kingdom. He is the author of the 2009 book The Emperor's New Drugs, which argued most antidepressant medication is effective primarily due to placebo effects.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) in Boston, Massachusetts is a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and one of the founding members of Beth Israel Lahey Health. It was formed out of the 1996 merger of Beth Israel Hospital (founded in 1916 by the Jewish community) and New England Deaconess Hospital (founded in 1896 by Methodist deaconesses). Among independent teaching hospitals, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has ranked in the top three recipients of biomedical research funding from the National Institutes of Health. Research funding totals nearly $200 million annually. BIDMC researchers run more than 850 active sponsored projects and 200 clinical trials. The Harvard-Thorndike General Clinical Research Center, the oldest clinical research laboratory in the United States, has been located on this site since 1973.
Correa reflexa var. nummulariifolia
Correa reflexa var. nummulariifolia, also known as roundleaf correa,  is a variety of Correa reflexa endemic to Tasmania in Australia.  It is a small shrub with leaves that are up to 12–26 mm long and 6–15 mm wide. The pendent flowers are tubular and yellow-green. The variety's distribution is restricted to islands of the Furneaux Group in Bass Strait.

The subspecies was first formally described in 1855 by botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker who gave it the name Correa speciosa var. nummulariifolia. It was reassigned to the species Correa reflexa by Paul G. Wilson in 1961.

Plants with this name commonly available in the nursery industry in Australia are not true Correa reflexa var. nummulariifolia, but rather are a closely related form that grows near both the Victorian and northern Tasmanian coastline.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
Quta Willk'i
Quta Willk'i (Aymara quta lake, willk'i gap, "lake gap", also spelled Kkota Willkki) is a  4,595-metre-high (15,075 ft) mountain in the Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It lies in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province, Guaqui Municipality. Quta Willk'i is situated north-west of the mountain Wanq'uni, north-east of Tanqa Tanqani and south-east of Qala Waxrani.

Ingavi Province
Ingavi is a province in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. This is where the Battle of Ingavi occurred on November 18, 1841, and where the World Heritage Site of Tiwanaku is situated.

During the presidency of Eliodoro Villazón the province was founded on December 16, 1909, with Viacha as its capital.
Kim Muryŏk
Kim Muryŏk (518 – 16 October 579) was a Silla general under King Jinheung in the mid-6th century. The events of his life are known solely through a brief account in the 12th-century chronicle Samguk sagi. He was the second son of King Guhae, the last ruler of Geumgwan Gaya, who had joined his family with the true-bone elites of Silla. After his father's surrender in 532, Kim joined the Silla military at the high rank of gakgan. In 553, he led his army to seize the northeastern frontier of Paekche. After taking the area, Kim was made the military governor (군주; 軍主; gunju) of Sinju (신주; 新州). In 554, he met the Paekche armies at Gwansanseong Fortress (present-day Okcheon, South Korea), killing King Seong and four of his ministers, and taking some 29,000 prisoners.

Kim was also the grandfather of famed Silla general Kim Yu-sin.

Geumgwan Gaya
Geumgwan Gaya (Korean: 금관가야; Hanja: 金官伽倻), also known as Bongaya (본가야; 本伽倻; lit. original Gaya) or Garakguk (가락국), was the ruling city-state of the Gaya confederacy that existed from 43 to 532 CE, during the Three Kingdoms period, in Korea. It is believed to have been located around the modern-day city of Gimhae, Southern Gyeongsang province, near the mouth of the Nakdong River. Due to its geographic location, this kingdom played a dominant role in the regional affairs from the Byeonhan period onward to the end of the Gaya confederacy.