hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Human trafficking in Germany
Germany is a European source, point of transit, organization and destination country for women, children, and men subjected to trafficking in persons, specifically forced prostitution and forced labor.

The Government of Germany complies with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking, but has not implemented European Union recommendations to reduce sexual slavery. Available statistics indicate the majority of convicted labor and sex trafficking offenders were not required to serve time in prison, raising concerns that punishments were inadequate to deter traffickers. According to Eurostat, during 2022 Germany reported the highest number of victims of all EU countries.

U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2" in 2021, down from Tier 1 in 2017.

Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons
The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (J/TIP) is an agency within the United States Department of State charged with investigating and creating programs to prevent human trafficking both within the United States and internationally. The office also presents the Trafficking in Persons Report annually to Congress, concerning human trafficking in the U.S. and other nations.  This report aims to raise awareness about human exploitation and trafficking, and to prevent it. The office's goals are to make the public aware, protect victims, take legal action against violators, establish necessary and just sentences for criminals, and train law enforcement individuals. The office is led by the United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons.
Polish–Ottoman Wars
Polish–Ottoman Wars can refer to one of the several conflicts between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire:

Crusade of Varna (1443–1444)

Polish–Ottoman War (1485–1503)
Jan Olbracht's Moldavian expedition of 1497 and Ottoman's retribution raid a year later

Moldavian Magnate Wars, a period of near constant warfare at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century.
Jan Zamoyski's expedition to Moldavia

Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21)

Polish–Ottoman War (1633–34)

Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–71)

Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76)

As part of the Great Turkish War:
Polish–Ottoman War (1683–99)

Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676)
The Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676 was fought by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire. It ended with the Treaty of Żurawno, by which the Commonwealth ceded control of most of its territories in Central Ukraine to the Ottomans. It was a prelude to the Great Turkish War.
Mladen Kovačevič
Mladen Kovačevič (born (1980-05-03)3 May 1980) is a Slovenian retired football player, who played as a striker. He played 10 seasons with Gorica. He scored 36 goals in 150 appearances in the Slovenian first division.

ND Gorica
Nogometno društvo Gorica, commonly referred to as ND Gorica or simply Gorica, is a Slovenian football club based in Nova Gorica that competes in the Slovenian Second League, the second tier of Slovenian football. They are one of the most successful Slovenian clubs with four Slovenian PrvaLiga and three Slovenian Cup titles. The club plays its home matches at the Nova Gorica Sports Park, which has a capacity of 3,100 seats.
Giovanni Gallo (politician)
Giovanni Gallo (born 6 February 1955) is an Italian politician from Veneto.

A long-time member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI), he served as a councillor of the municipality of Montegrotto, and later of the municipality of Anguillara Veneta from 1985 to 1990. After the dissolution of the PCI, Gallo joined the Democratic Party of the Left, which later became the Democrats of the Left, and was elected to the Provincial Council of Padua.

In 2000, Gallo was elected to the Regional Council of Veneto, and re-elected in 2005. During his term as regional councillor, he served as Vice President of the Special Commission for Community Relations and member of the 1st and 7th Committees. Between 2005 and 2010 he also served as provincial secretary and floor leader of the Democrats of the Left and, later, of the Democratic Party.

Montegrotto Terme
Montegrotto Terme (Venetian: Montegròto) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Padua in the Italian region Veneto, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) west of Venice and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Padua.

Montegrotto Terme is a  spa resort, part of the Terme Euganee spas.  The Euganean Hills (Colli Euganei) are located nearby.

Montegrotto Terme borders the following municipalities: Abano Terme, Battaglia Terme, Due Carrare, Galzignano Terme, Torreglia.

The Hotel Terme Millepini, which is a Guinness World Record holder for containing the world's deepest pool is located in Montegrotto Terme.
Japanese transport Hirokawa Maru
Hirokawa Maru was a Japanese transport laid down in 1939 for Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha and later requisitioned by the Imperial Japanese Army as an armed anti-aircraft transport. She supported several early-war operations before being beached and destroyed off Guadalcanal on 15 November 1942 during the Solomon Islands campaign. The wreck, known locally as "Bonegi 1", is a popular dive site accessible from the shore near Honiara.

K Line
Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha, Ltd. (川崎汽船株式会社, Kawasaki Kisen Kabushiki gaisha; branded as "K" Line) is a Japanese transportation company. It owns a fleet that includes dry cargo ships (bulk carriers), container ships, liquefied natural gas carriers, Ro-Ro ships, tankers, and container terminals. It used to be the fourteenth largest container transportation and shipping company in the world, before becoming part of Ocean Network Express in 2017.
Passiflora miniata
Passiflora miniata, commonly known as the flaming red passionflower, is a flowering plant of the passion flower family (Passifloraceae).
It is native to the northern areas of South America.

More specifically, it is a vine with tendrils up to 33 cm (13 in) long, and brilliant red flowers with a purple corona; these flowers, up to 13 cm (5.1 in) wide, are among the largest in the genus.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
2016 Mountain West Conference football season
The 2016 Mountain West Conference football season was the 18th season of college football for the Mountain West Conference (MW). In the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the MW had 12 football members: Air Force, Boise State, Colorado State, Fresno State, Hawaii, Nevada, New Mexico, San Diego State, San Jose State, UNLV, Utah State, and Wyoming.

2016 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 2016 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented California State University, Fresno in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs were led by fifth-year head coach Tim DeRuyter, but he was fired on October 23 after the team opened the season 1–7; offensive coordinator Eric Kiesau was named interim head coach for the remainder of the season. The team played its home games at Bulldog Stadium and were members of the Mountain West Conference, in the West Division. They finished the season 1–11, 0–8 in Mountain West play to finish in last place in the West Division.
P-y method
In geotechnical civil engineering, the p–y is a method of analyzing the ability of deep foundations to resist loads applied in the lateral direction. This method uses the finite difference method and p-y graphs to find a solution. P–y graphs are graphs which relate the force applied to soil to the lateral deflection of the soil. In essence, non-linear springs are attached to the foundation in place of the soil. The springs can be represented by the following equation:

where  is the non-linear spring stiffness defined by the p–y curve,  is the deflection of the spring, and  is the force applied to the spring.

The p–y curves vary depending on soil type.

The available geotechnical engineering software programs for the p–y method include FB-MultiPier by the Bridge Software Institute, DeepFND by Deep Excavation LLC, PileLAT by Innovative Geotechnics, LPile by Ensoft, and PyPile by Yong Technology.

Bridge Software Institute
The Bridge Software Institute is headquartered at the University of Florida (UF) in Gainesville, Florida. It was established in January 2000 to oversee the development of bridge related software products at UF. Today, Bridge Software Institute products are used by engineers nationwide, both in state Departments of Transportation and leading private consulting firms. Bridge Software Institute software is also used for the analysis of bridges in various countries by engineers around the world.
2023 American Rivers Conference football season
The 2023 American Rivers Conference football season was the season of college football played by the nine member schools of the American Rivers Conference (ARC) as part of the 2023 NCAA Division III football season. The 2023 Wartburg Knights football team compiled a 13–1 record (8–0 in conference games), won the ARC championship, and made it to the NCAA Division III semifinal where they lost to North Central (IL) 34–27.

2023 Wartburg Knights football team
The 2023 Wartburg Knights football team represented Wartburg College as a member of the American Rivers Conference (ARC) during the 2023 NCAA Division III football season. The Knights, led by third-year head coach Chris Winter, played home games at Walston-Hoover Stadium in Waverly, Iowa.  The Knights clinched their 19th conference championship on October 28, 2023, with a win over Central College and then capped of the regular season 10–0 following a win at Nebraska Wesleyan. Wartburg ended the season in the national semifinals for the second straight year, losing to North Central 34–27.

Senior linebacker Owen Grover was named the Cliff Harris Award winner, awarded to the defensive player of the year in division III.  He was also named ARC Defensive player of the year and 1st team all-American along with 3 other teammates, including running back Hunter Clasen, who was also named ARC Offensive player of the year.
Durmus A. Demir
Durmuş Ali Demir (March 10, 1967 – February 24, 2024) was a Turkish theoretical physicist. He worked at Sabancı University between 2019-2024. He was a dean of the Graduate School of Engineering and Sciences at the Izmir Institute of Technology where he was the ex-chair of the Physics Department. His research areas include supersymmetric standard model, extra dimensions and general relativity.

İzmir Institute of Technology
İzmir Institute of Technology (Turkish: İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, commonly referred to as IZTECH) is a public research university in İzmir, Turkey. The university places a strong emphasis on the natural sciences and engineering, and it is the only institution of its kind in Turkey with a specific focus on scientific research. İzmir Institute of Technology is frequently recognized among Turkey's leading universities. The medium of instruction in all departments is English.
Second Cooper ministry
The Cooper Ministry[1] was a ministry of the Government of Queensland and was led by National Party Premier Russell Cooper and Deputy Premier Bill Gunn. It succeeded the Ahern Ministry on 25 September 1989 following a party-room ballot, and was in turn succeeded by the Goss Ministry on 7 December 1989 following the National government's defeat at the 1989 state election by the Labor Party, led by Wayne Goss. Seven of the outgoing ministry lost their seats at the election.

On 25 September 1989, the Governor designated 18 principal executive offices of the Government and appointed the following Members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland to the Ministry as follows. As the National Party was not in coalition at the time, all listed members are from that party.

1  An earlier Cooper Ministry was headed by Labor Premier Frank Cooper from 1942 until 1946. Both ministries were officially styled "The Cooper Ministry".

Premier of Queensland
The premier of Queensland is the head of government in the Australian state of Queensland.

By convention, the premier is the leader of the party with a parliamentary majority in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The premier is appointed by the governor of Queensland.

The incumbent premier is David Crisafulli.
No. 140 Expeditionary Air Wing
No. 140 Expeditionary Air Wing is a deployable Expeditionary Air Wing of the Royal Air Force based at RAF Lossiemouth, Moray, Scotland, UK.

The current wing was established on 1 April 2006 the wing has history dating back to May 1944:

Moray
Moray (/ˈmʌri/ listenⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Moireibh or Moireabh) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. It lies in the north-east of the country, with a coastline on the Moray Firth, and borders the council areas of Aberdeenshire and Highland. Its council is based in Elgin, the area's largest town. The main towns are generally in the north of the area on the coastal plain. The south of the area is more sparsely populated and mountainous, including part of the Cairngorms National Park.

The council area is named after the historic county of Moray (called Elginshire prior to 1919), which was in turn named after the medieval Province of Moray, each of which covered different areas to the modern council area. The modern area of Moray was created in 1975 as a lower-tier district within the Grampian Region. The Moray district became a single-tier council area in 1996.
Rob Harley
Robert John Harley (born 26 May 1990) is a Scotland international rugby union player for Colomiers in the Pro D2. He previously played for Glasgow Warriors and is their most capped player. He also played for US Carcassonne. He plays as a flanker but can also cover lock.

Scottish Premiership (rugby union)
The Scottish Premiership (known as the Arnold Clark Men's Premiership for sponsorship reasons) is the highest level of league competition for men's amateur rugby union clubs in Scotland. First held in 1973, it is the top division of the Scottish League Championship. The most recent champions are Ayr, while the most successful club is Hawick who have won the competition thirteen times.

Ten clubs contest the league, with the bottom club relegated to the Scottish National League Division One.

The top level of club rugby in Scotland are the two professional teams – Edinburgh Rugby and Glasgow Warriors – that play in the United Rugby Championship. They assign their players to the clubs below in a pro draft so that they can still play when not used by the professional sides.
USS Wave (1836)
USS Wave was a schooner in commission in the United States Navy from 1836 until probably 1846.

Wave was a schooner-rigged yacht designed along pilot boat lines by John C. Stevens and built for him in 1832 at New York City by Brown and Bell. The U.S. Navy purchased her in 1836 for use in the Second Seminole War. In that campaign, she cruised the Florida coast in support of United States Army operations until 1840. After 1840, Wave served as a surveying vessel along the United States East Coast under the command of Lieutenant John R. Goldsborough.

In his History of the American Sailing Navy, Howard I. Chapelle suggests that she was sold in 1846. However, no evidence has been found to corroborate or refute that assertion. Chapelle also states that as of the time of his book's publication in 1949, a model of Wave resided in the New York Yacht Club's model room.

Howard I. Chapelle
Howard Irving Chapelle (February 1, 1901 – June 30, 1975) was an American naval architect, and curator of maritime history at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. In addition, he authored many books and articles on maritime history and marine architecture.
Ring of Curse
Ring of Curse, released in Japan as Gomen Nasai (ゴメンナサイ; lit. "I'm Sorry"), is a 2011 Japanese horror film directed by Mari Asato. It is based on the 2011 cell phone novel Gomen Nasai by Yuka Hidaka. The film stars the Japanese idol girl group Buono! The film was released in theaters nationwide in Japan on October 29, 2011.

Momoko Tsugunaga
Momoko Tsugunaga (嗣永 桃子, Tsugunaga Momoko; born March 6, 1992) is a Japanese former singer, actress, and radio personality. Tsugunaga joined Hello! Project as a member of Hello! Project Kids at the age of 10 and later became part of the girl groups Berryz Kobo and Buono! Following Berryz Kobo's hiatus, she became the playing manager of Country Girls. In 2017, Tsugunaga retired from entertainment to become a kindergarten teacher.
Linn Haug
Linn Haug (born 6 March 1990) is a Norwegian snowboarder from Trondheim, Norway. She has been riding a snowboard for most of her life, but she only started competing at the age of 15. She married on December 31, 2013.

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.
Mona Ozouf
Mona Ozouf (born Mona Annig Sohier 24 February 1931) is a French historian and philosopher. Born into a family of schoolteachers keen on preserving the language and the culture of Brittany, she graduated as a teacher of philosophy from the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles.

After teaching philosophy, she joined the CNRS as a historian. Her research and writings centre on the French Revolution and the French secular education system. Notable publications include L'École, l'Église et la République, 1871–1914 (1963) and La fête révolutionnaire, 1789–1799 (1976), the latter of which was published in English as Festivals and the French Revolution (1988).

École normale supérieure de jeunes filles
The École normale supérieure de jeunes filles (also, École normale supérieure de Sèvres) was a French institute of higher education, in Sèvres, now a commune in the suburbs of Paris. The school educated girls only, especially as teachers for the secondary education system. It was founded on 29 July 1881 on the initiative of Camille Sée, following the Sée-inspired act of the legislature which established lycées for girls. In 1985, it merged with the École normale supérieure of the rue d'Ulm.
Karlyn Bowman
Karlyn H. Bowman, formerly known as Karlyn H. Keene, is a politically conservative American editor and public opinion analyst. She is currently a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. She was the managing editor of Public Opinion from 1979 to 1990 and the founding editor of The American Enterprise from 1990 to 1995. Bowman is the author of several AEI Studies in Public Opinion.

Public opinion
Public opinion, or popular opinion, is the collective opinion on a specific topic or voting intention relevant to society. It is the people's views on matters affecting them.

In the 21st century, public opinion is heavily influenced by the media; many studies have been undertaken which look at the different factors which influence public opinion. Politicians and other people concerned with public opinion often attempt to influence it using advertising or rhetoric. Opinion plays a vital role in uncovering some critical decisions. Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is a method used to mine the thoughts or feelings of the general population. One of the struggles of public opinion is how it can be influenced by misinformation.
USA Perpignan
Union Sportive Arlequins Perpignanais, also referred to as USA Perpignan or Perpignan, is a French professional rugby union club founded in 1933 and based in Perpignan, in the Pyrénées-Orientales department. They compete in the Top 14, France's elite division of rugby.

The club is a result of a merger between US Perpignan and Arlequins Perpignanais in 1933. US Perpignan was also born from a 1919 union of merging clubs AS Perpignan (founded in 1902) and Stade Olympien Perpignanais.

Its home ground is the 14,593-capacity Stade Aimé Giral but important fixtures may occasionally be taken to Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys, in Barcelona. The club's colours are sky blue, scarlet and golden yellow, which derived from the Catalan Senyera and give Perpignan its nickname Les Sang et Or (French for "The Blood and Golds").

Sky blue
Sky blue refers to a collection of shades comparable to that of a clear daytime sky. Typically it is a shade of cyan or light teal, though some iterations are closer to light azure or light blue. The term (as "sky blew") is attested from 1681. A 1585 translation of Nicolas de Nicolay's 1576 Les navigations, peregrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie includes "the tulbant [turban] of the merchant must be skie coloured".

Displayed at right is the web colour sky blue.
Josh Wagner
Josh Wagner (born August 19, 1975) is an American novelist and playwright from Missoula, Montana. He also writes graphic novels, short stories, and screenplays. His style is heavily influenced by metafiction, folk tales, and magical realism. His work is best categorized as part of the Slipstream (genre).

Slipstream fiction
Slipstream is a literary genre or category of speculative fiction that blends together science fiction, fantasy, and literary fiction, or otherwise does not remain within conventional boundaries of genre and narrative. It directly extends from the experimentation of the New Wave science fiction movement while also borrowing from fantasy, psychological fiction, philosophical fiction and other genres or styles of literature.

Historical examples of the genre were partially codified in Feeling Very Strange: The Slipstream Anthology; contemporary examples include Peaces by Helen Oyeyemi, The Dangers of Smoking in Bed by Mariana Enríquez, and The Butterfly Lampshade by Aimee Bender.
1890 Mid Tipperary by-election
The 1890 Mid Tipperary by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of Mid Tipperary on 15 May 1890. The vacancy arose because of the resignation of the sitting member, Thomas Mayne of the Irish Parliamentary Party. Only one candidate was nominated, Henry Harrison of the Irish Parliamentary Party, who was elected unopposed.

Thomas Mayne (politician)
Thomas Mayne (1832–1915) was an Irish Parliamentary Party politician. He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Tipperary at a by-election in 1883, and held the seat until the constituency was divided at the 1885 general election. He was then elected for the new Mid division of Tipperary, and held that seat until he resigned in 1890 by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead.