hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Verdingkinder
Verdingkinder, Verdingsbuben, "contract children", or "indentured child laborers" were children in Switzerland who were removed from their families by the authorities due to poverty or moral reasons (e.g. the mother being unmarried, very poor, of Yenish origin, neglect, etc.), and placed in foster families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour. In the early 2000s, many of these children, by then adults, publicly stated that they had been severely mistreated by their foster families, suffering neglect, beatings and other physical and psychological abuse. The Verdingkinder scheme was common in Switzerland from the 1800's until the 1960's.

Yenish people
The Yenish (German: Jenische; French: Yéniche, Taïtch) are an itinerant group in Western and Central Europe who live mostly in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, and parts of France, roughly centered on the Rhineland. The origins of the Yenish are unknown, though a number of theories for the group's origins have been proposed, including that the Yenish descended from members of the marginalised and vagrant poor classes of society of the early modern period, before emerging as a distinct group by the early 19th century. Most of the Yenish became sedentary in the course of the mid-19th to 20th centuries.
Adriana tomentosa
Adriana tomentosa (common name - Mallee bitterbush) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae family and is endemic to mainland Australia.

It was first described by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré in 1825.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Pseudomonas tremae
Pseudomonas tremae is a white, Gram-negative, non-fluorescent, motile, flagellated, aerobic bacterium that infects Trema orientalis, from which it derives its name. It was formerly classified as a pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae, but following ribotypical analysis, it was instated as a species. The type strain is CFBP 3229.

Trema orientale
Trema orientale (sometimes Trema orientalis) is a species of flowering tree in the hemp family, Cannabaceae. It is known by many common names, including charcoal-tree, Indian charcoal-tree, pigeon wood, Oriental trema, and in Hawaii, where it has become naturalized, gunpowder tree, or nalita. It has a near universal distribution in tropical and warm temperate parts of the Old World, with a range extending from South Africa, through the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent and southern China  to Southeast Asia and Australia.
Metropolitan Toronto
The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was an upper-tier level of municipal government in Ontario, Canada, from 1953 to 1998. It was made up of the old city of Toronto and numerous townships, towns and villages that surrounded Toronto, which were starting to urbanize rapidly after World War II. It was commonly referred to as "Metro Toronto" or "Metro".

Passage of the 1997 City of Toronto Act caused the 1998 amalgamation of Metropolitan Toronto and its constituents into the current City of Toronto. The boundaries of present-day Toronto are the same as those of Metropolitan Toronto upon its dissolution: Lake Ontario to the south, Etobicoke Creek and Highway 427 to the west, Steeles Avenue to the north, and the Rouge River to the east.

Etobicoke Creek
Etobicoke Creek /ɛˈtoʊbɪkoʊ/ ⓘ is a river in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. It is a tributary of Lake Ontario and runs from Caledon to southern Etobicoke, part of the City of Toronto. The creek is within the jurisdiction of the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority.
Otello Toso
Otello Toso (22 February 1914 – 15 March 1966) was an Italian film and stage actor.

Born in Padua, Toso graduated from the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in 1939 and almost immediately started his film career. He was particularly prolific in the 1940s, in films in which he usually starred negative characters. After World War II Toso mostly starred in melodramas and genre films, except for Juan Antonio Bardem's Death of a Cyclist. He died at 52 in a car accident in Pieve di Curtarolo, near Padua.

Juan Antonio Bardem
Juan Antonio Bardem Muñoz (2 June 1922 – 30 October 2002) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter, born in Madrid. Bardem was best known for Muerte de un ciclista (1955) which won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, and El puente (1977) which won the Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1979 film Seven Days in January won the Golden Prize at the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

In 1953, he and Luis García Berlanga founded a film magazine, Objetivo, which existed until 1956. He was a member of the Communist Party.

During the Franco dictatorship, Bardem was imprisoned by the Spanish State due to the anti-fascist nature of his films.

In 1981, he was a member of the jury at the 12th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1993, he was a member of the jury at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival.  Bardem was the father of director Miguel Bardem and uncle of actor Javier Bardem. Bardem died in Madrid in 2002, at age 80.
Eastern Conference Records
Eastern Conference Records is an American independent record label based in New York City. It is owned and operated by DJ Mighty Mi, the DJ/producer for the High & Mighty.

During the label's brief heyday, it represented underground rappers such as Cage, Tame One (one-half of the duo The Artifacts), R.A. the Rugged Man, and The Weathermen, a supergroup created by Cage, MHz and Aesop Rock, Copywrite, Tame One, Breeze Brewin of the Juggaknots, El-P, Camu Tao, and Yak Ballz.

Artifacts (group)
The Artifacts was an underground hip-hop group consisting of El Da Sensei, Tame One and later, DJ Kaos. They hail from Newark, New Jersey. The Artifacts' most popular song is the single "Wrong Side of Da Tracks" Other Artifacts' songs include "Easter", "C'Mon wit da Git Down" and "The Ultimate (You Know The Time)".
Cobbora
Cobbora is an almost defunct village in New South Wales, Australia. The name of the locality was also spelled Cobborah.

Cobbora was established where the original track from Mudgee to Mendooran crossed the Talbragar River. In the late 1800s, it had a police station and was considered to be the main locality on the Talbragar.  Cobb & Co coaches travelled through Cobbora twice a week in 1876 to 1879. However, in 1910 the railway took a route via Dunedoo which bypassed Cobbora,  and the village went into a terminal decline.

Cobbora is located adjacent to the Golden Highway about 15 kilometres west of Dunedoo.

Cobbora Shire was a former local government council area, which covered rural areas around Cobbora and Geurie with no significant towns.  During a local government reorganisation,  Cobbora Shire was abolished and parts of its area were added to several of the surrounding council areas.

Golden Highway
Golden Highway (also known as Mitchells Line of Road at its eastern end) is a 313-kilometre (194 mi) highway, located in the Hunter and Orana regions of New South Wales, Australia. It runs eastwards from Dubbo towards Newcastle on the coast, allowing road transport to avoid travelling over the Blue Mountains to Sydney, and is designated route B84.
Suzette (song)
"Suzette" is a 1986 song recorded by French singer Dany Brillant. Written by Brillant initially for a film in which it starred, it was released only six years later as his debut single, and included on his first studio album C'est ça qui est bon, on which it appears as the sixth track. Released in the last days of 1991, it was a top three hit in France in 1992 and became Dany Brillant's signature song.

Dany Brillant
Dany Brillant (French: [da.ni bʁi.jɑ̃]; né Daniel Cohen-Biran; born 28 December 1965 in Tunis), is a French singer of a Jewish-Tunisian origin.

Born in Tunis, his parents immigrated to France while he was a newborn infant. They settled in Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois near Paris. His uncle Nathan, was a famous luth player and interpreter of oriental music. At age 12, Dany Brilliant's family moved to Paris and at 14 his grandfather gave him a guitar. He started performing at various events, including important debut at cabaret "Aux Trois Maillets" where he got his artistic name. His adopted  name Brillant comes after Jacques Boni, the owner of the cabaret invited him to stage by saying: "Dany! Sois brillant!" (Dany! be brilliant!).

In June 2005, Brillant appeared on Les stars chantent leurs idoles, on France 2, alongside stars such as Julio Iglesias and Il Divo.
Mezzo Soprano (horse)
Mezzo Soprano (1 March 2000 – 2013) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. After winning her only race as a juvenile in 2002 she developed into a top-class performer in the following year, winning the UAE 1000 Guineas, Galtres Stakes and Prix Vermeille. She was also placed in the Lupe Stakes, Ribblesdale Stakes and Prix de Psyché. She had some success as a broodmare.

Galtres Stakes
The Galtres Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 1 mile 3 furlongs  and 188 yards (2,385 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August. Since 2014 the race has carried the name of Sir Henry Cecil, a former British flat racing Champion Trainer who died in 2013. It is currently held on the second day of York's four-day Ebor Festival meeting.
Blackford, Somerset
Blackford is a village in the civil parish of Compton Pauncefoot, in the county of Somerset, England, beside the A303 road, 4 miles (6.4 km) south west of Wincanton. There are two other places called Blackford in Somerset: one is a village near Wedmore, the other a tiny hamlet  in Selworthy parish between Porlock and Minehead.

In 1931, the civil parish had a population of 80. On the 1 April 1933, the civil parish was merged with Compton Pauncefoot. Compton Pauncefoot holds a Parish Meeting twice a year and has no Parish Council. The combined parish has approximately 130 residents and around 35 houses in each village. The civil parish is in the Blackmore Vale ward of the Somerset Council area.

Blackford is designated as a Conservation Area.

Wedmore
Wedmore is a large village and civil parish in the county of Somerset, England. It is situated on raised ground, in the Somerset Levels between the River Axe and River Brue, often called the Isle of Wedmore. The parish consists of three main villages: Wedmore, Blackford and Theale, with the 17 hamlets of Bagley, Blakeway, Clewer, Crickham, Cocklake, Heath House, Latcham, Little Ireland, Middle Stoughton, Mudgley, Panborough, Sand, Stoughton Cross, Washbrook, West End, West Ham and West Stoughton. The parish of Wedmore has a population of 3,318 according to the 2011 census.

Its facilities include a medical and dental practice, pharmacy, butcher's, a village store with off licence, three pubs, restaurant, café and several other local shops. It is 4 miles (6 km) south of Cheddar, 7 miles (11 km) west of the city of Wells and 7 miles (11 km) north west of Glastonbury.
Girai wurrung
The Girai wurrung, also spelt Kirrae Wuurong and Kirrae Whurrung, are an Aboriginal Australian people who traditionally occupied the territory between Mount Emu Creek and the Hopkins River up to Mount Hamilton, and the Western Otways from the Gellibrand River to the Hopkins River, in what is now the state of Victoria. The historian Ian D. Clark has reclassified much of the material regarding them in Norman Tindale's compendium under the Djargurd Wurrung, a term reflecting the assumed pre-eminence of one of their clans, the Jacoort/Djargurd.

Norman Tindale
Norman Barnett Tindale AO (12 October 1900 – 19 November 1993) was an Australian anthropologist, archaeologist, entomologist and ethnologist. He is best remembered for his work mapping the various tribal groupings of Aboriginal Australians at the time of European settlement, shown in his map published in 1940. This map provided the basis of a map published by David Horton in 1996 and widely used in its online form today. Tindale's major work was Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits and Proper Names (1974).
Isothipendyl
Isothipendyl is a 1st generation H1 antagonist (antihistamine) and anticholinergic used as an antipruritic. In the 2020s, at least, it is rarely used in the first line relief of allergies due to the anticholinergic side effect of somnolence but does have some limited use through topical application in the relief of insect bites and related itching (pruritus).

Arthropod bites and stings
Many species of arthropods (insects, arachnids, millipedes and centipedes) can bite or sting human beings. These bites and stings generally occur as a defense mechanism or during normal arthropod feeding. While most cases cause self-limited irritation, medically relevant complications include envenomation, allergic reactions, and transmission of vector-borne diseases.
2017 Antalya Open
The 2017 Antalya Open was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts. It was the 1st edition of the Antalya Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2017 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Kaya Palazzo Resort in Belek, Antalya Province, Turkey, from June 25–July 1.

Belek
Belek is a neighbourhood in the Serik district in Turkey's Antalya Province. As of 2022, it had a population of 9,102. Before the 2013 Turkish local government reorganization, it was a town (Belde).

Belek is one of the centers of Turkey's tourism industry and is home to more than thirty four-star and five-star hotels and many other accommodation services and entertainment facilities.

The town and the surrounding area are famous for their spas and mineral waters received from seven springs.

Belek was awarded the Best Golf Region of the Year in Europe by the International Association of Golf Tour Operators (IAGTO) in 2008. In 2012 it hosted the Turkish Airlines World Golf Final and in 2013 it hosted the Turkish Airlines Open. Belek also hosts the Antalya Open, the only professional tennis tournament currently held in Turkey.
Mohammed Benchicou
Mohammed Boualem Benchicou (Arabic: محمد بنشيكو; born 1952 in Miliana, Aïn Defla Province) was the director and publisher of the Algerian newspaper Le Matin (English: the sunrise), closed in August 2006.

Aïn Defla Province
Aïn Defla (Arabic: ولاية عين الدفلى, is a wilaya (province) in northern Algeria, located to the southwest of Algiers, the capital. Localities in Ain Delfa include Aïn Defla, Miliana, El Attaf, Djelida and Djendel.
Madhuchandra Singh
Maharaja Madhuchandra Singh or Meidingu Tamlen Khomba (Meitei: ꯇꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯈꯣꯝꯕ) was a king of the Ningthouja dynasty of Medieval Manipur who ruled from 1801 to 1804. He was the third son of King Bhagyachandra. Accordingly, he ascended the throne in 1800, but was coronated in 1801.

History of Manipur
The history of the Indian state of Manipur is reflected by archaeological research, mythology and written history. Historically, Manipur was an independent sovereign kingdom ruled by Meitei dynasty but at different point of time it was invaded and rule over by other state and authority. The Kangleipak State developed under King Loiyumba with its first written constitution in the early 12th century. Manipur under the 18th-century king Pamheiba saw the legendary burning of sacred scripture.

Manipur became a princely state under British rule in 1891 after the Anglo-Manipur war, the last of the independent states to be incorporated into British Raj as a princely state. During the Second World War, Manipur was the scene of battles between Japanese and Allied forces. After the war, Maharaja Bodhachandra signed a Treaty of Accession merging the kingdom into India. It was made a union territory in 1956 and a full-fledged state in 21 January 1972.
Hermann Hagedorn (poet)
Hermann Hagedorn (20 August 1884 in Essen-Gerschede – 7 March 1951 near Fretter, Finnentrop,) was a German writer, lyric poet and teacher. He is the best known representative of Borbecksch, a German dialect.

Lyric poetry
Modern lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry that expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in a first-person narrative.
The term for both modern lyric poetry and modern song lyrics derives from a form of Ancient Greek literature, the Greek lyric, which was defined by its musical accompaniment, usually on an instrument known as a kithara, a seven-stringed lyre (hence "lyric"). These three are not equivalent, though song lyrics are often in the lyric mode and Ancient Greek lyric poetry was principally chanted verse.

The term owes its importance in literary theory to the division developed by Aristotle among three broad categories of poetry: lyrical, dramatic, and epic. Lyric poetry is one of the earliest forms of literature.
Bozhinov Glacier
Bozhinov Glacier (Bulgarian: Божинов ледник, romanized: Bozhinov lednik, IPA: [boˈʒinof ˈlɛdnik]) is the 5 km long and 2.5 km wide glacier on Danco Coast in Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula situated north of Krebs Glacier and south of Nobile Glacier.  Flowing westwards to enter Gerlache Strait at Kapisturia Cove in Charlotte Bay.

The glacier is named for the Bulgarian pioneer of aviation Georgi Bozhinov (1879-1955) whose innovative aircraft was patented in France in 1912.

Gerlache Strait
Gerlache Strait or de Gerlache Strait or Détroit de la Belgica is a channel/strait separating the Palmer Archipelago from the Antarctic Peninsula. The Belgian Antarctic Expedition, under Lt. Adrien de Gerlache, explored the strait in January and February 1898, naming it for the expedition ship Belgica. The name was later changed to honor the commander himself.

On the expedition in the Gerlache Strait, biologist Emil Racoviță made several discoveries, including a flightless midge fly that was later (1900) formally named Belgica antarctica by the Belgian entomologist Jean-Charles Jacobs.

The Gerlache Strait has spiky blue icebergs, and is frequented by whales. It can be viewed from Spigot Peak.
2022 WTA Lyon Open
The 2022 WTA Lyon Open (also known as the Open 6ème Sens — Métropole de Lyon for sponsorship reasons) was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the third edition of the Lyon Open (WTA) and an International tournament on the 2022 WTA Tour. It took place at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France, from February 28th to March 6th, 2022. During this tournament, the WTA and other international governing bodies of tennis including the ATP did not have players of Russia and Belarus compete under their country's flags as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Olivia Nicholls
Olivia Ann Nicholls (born 26 October 1994) is a British tennis player who specializes in doubles. On 23 June 2025, she peaked at world No. 23 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Nicholls has won three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour and 19 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Kinfauns Castle
Kinfauns Castle is a 19th-century castle in the Scottish village of Kinfauns, Perth and Kinross. It is in the Castellated Gothic style, with a slight asymmetry typical of Scottish Georgian. It stands on a raised terrace facing south over the River Tay. The house is protected as a category A listed building, and the grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
Narsinghrao Jabarsingh
Narsinghrao Jabarsingh Dixit was an Indian politician from the state of the Madhya Pradesh.
He represented Bhind Vidhan Sabha constituency in Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Indian National Congress by winning General election of 1957.

General election
A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. General elections typically occur at regular intervals as mandated by a country's constitution or electoral laws, and may include elections for a legislature and sometimes other positions such as a directly elected president. In many jurisdictions, general elections can coincide with other electoral events such as local, regional, or supranational elections. For example, on 25 May 2014, Belgian voters simultaneously elected their national parliament, 21 members of the European Parliament, and regional parliaments.

In the United States, "general election" has a slightly different, but related meaning: the ordinary electoral competition following the selection of candidates in the primary election.
Connected Limited Device Configuration
The Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) is a specification of a framework for Java ME applications describing the basic set of libraries and virtual-machine features that must be present in an implementation. The CLDC is combined with one or more profiles to give developers a platform for building applications on embedded devices with very limited resources such as pagers and mobile phones. The CLDC was developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 30 (CLDC 1.0) and JSR 139 (CLDC 1.1).

Kilobyte
The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

The International System of Units (SI) defines the prefix kilo as a multiplication factor of 1000 (103); therefore, one kilobyte is 1000 bytes. The internationally recommended unit symbol for the kilobyte is kB.

In some areas of information technology, particularly in reference to random-access memory capacity, kilobyte instead often refers to 1024 (210) bytes. This arises from the prevalence of sizes that are powers of two in modern digital memory architectures, coupled with the coincidence that 210 differs from 103 by less than 2.5%.

The kibibyte is defined as 1024 bytes, avoiding the ambiguity issues of the kilobyte.
Who'll Come A-Waltzing
Who'll Come A-Waltzing is a 1963 Australian comedy play by South African born Peggy Caine who had emigrated to Australia three years previously. The premise of the play was about British migrants in Australia.

It was staged by J. C Williamson's in the major cities of Australia, at a time when that company rarely put on Australian plays. It was adapted for radio in Australia, England and New Zealand.

It was first performed for radio in 1962.

The original production featured Campbell Copelin and Marion Johns.

Australian Plays
Australian Plays is a 1969-1970 Australian anthology TV drama series that aired on the ABC. It consisted of six original Australian dramas.

It was the first Australian drama play since Lucullus in Sydney and Cobwebs in Concrete in Melbourne.

It was the first Australian anthology series since Australian Playhouse and was described by the ABC as "representative of contemporary Australian writers and the development of Australian television drama today." It was produced by Eric Taylor. It was meant to be followed by a series Company of Eight which will have a regular repertory company of eight actors. Australian TV drama was relatively rare at the time.