hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Forest Vegetation Simulator
The Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) is a forest growth and yield model developed by the United States Forest Service and is used by natural resource managers and researchers. FVS is calibrated for specific geographic areas and uses a host of simulation models to forecast forest composition and structure.

FVS uses current forest inventory data to describe initial stand conditions and requires a description of the inventory design, stand attributes, and a list of individual tree information. Extensions to FVS are available to assess the effects of forest insects and diseases, fire, and forest carbon.

Growth and yield modelling
Growth and yield modelling is a branch of financial management. This method of modelling is also known as the Gordon constant growth model. In this method the cost of equity share capital is found by determining the sum of yield percentage and growth percentage.
Firefox version history
Firefox was created by Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross as an experimental branch of the Mozilla Application Suite, first released as Firefox 1.0 on November 9, 2004. Starting with version 5.0, a rapid release cycle was put into effect, resulting in a new major version release every six weeks. This was gradually accelerated further in late 2019, so that new major releases occur on four-week cycles starting in 2020.

WebRTC
WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is a free and open-source project providing web browsers and mobile applications with real-time communication (RTC) via application programming interfaces (APIs). It allows audio and video communication and streaming to work inside web pages by allowing direct peer-to-peer communication, eliminating the need to install plugins or download native apps.

Supported by Apple, Google, Microsoft, Mozilla, and Opera, WebRTC specifications have been published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

ICE, STUN and TURN are the NAT traversal techniques used to connect to remote peers.
Robert Hermansen
Robert Hermansen (born 1939 in Botne) is a Norwegian businessperson.

He is a former chief executive of Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani. He has been chairman of Troms Kraft since 2008. He has also chaired the board of the Regional Development Fund.

In 2011, B. Thorsen of Økokrim reported that Hermansen had confessed to formal charges of corruption. At his trial, he confessed to formal charges of corruption on 23 September 2011. He was sentenced to 2 years in prison, by Nord-Troms District Court on 3 October 2011.

His brother is Tormod Hermansen.

Troms Kraft
Troms Kraft is a power company that operates twelve hydroelectric power plants and the power grid in fifteen municipalities in Troms, Norway. The retail division has 100,000 customers and traded 5 TWh of electricity in 2006, in addition to 40 GWh of district heating. Upon demerger on 1 January 2009, parts of Troms Kraft Marked AS were merged with Ishavskraft AS; Troms Kraft AS owns 50% of Ishavskraft AS. The company operates a fiberoptic broadband service in Tromsø. The company is also planning to construct Fakken windfarm.

Semming Semmingsen has held the role of CEO since June 2012.
Judayda (Al-Jisser)
Judayda (Arabic: جديدة الجسر), also transliterated as Jdaydeh,  is a Christian village located in Al-Janudiyah Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Judayda had a population of 407 in the 2004 census. It is an Orthodox Christian village.

Jisr ash-Shughur District
Jisr ash-Shughur District (Arabic: منطقة جسر الشغور, romanized: manṭiqat Ǧisr aš-Šuġūr) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Jisr ash-Shugur. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 150,193.
Gerhard Stäbler
Gerhard Stäbler (born 1949) is a German composer born in Wilhelmsdorf near Ravensburg.   He studied with Klaus Huber and came to prominence with the chamber orchestra "acronym" Den Müllfahrern von San Francisco (The Garbage Truck Drivers of San Francisco) in 1990.   This was followed by lectures at the  Darmstädter Ferienkurse in 1992. He has resided extensively abroad, including Stanford University in the 1980s and Yonsei University in Seoul in 1988 and has visited Israel and Lebanon repeatedly, writing a chamber cantata Den Toten von Sabra und Chatila to poems  by the Palestinian poet Tawfiq Ziad (1982).   In Germany he has concentrated his activities around the Ruhr Area.

Darmstädter Ferienkurse
Darmstädter Ferienkurse (Darmstadt Summer Course) is a regular summer event of contemporary classical music in Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany. It was founded in 1946, under the name "Ferienkurse für Internationale Neue Musik Darmstadt" (Vacation Courses of International New Music in Darmstadt), as a gathering with lectures and concerts over several summer weeks. Composers, performers, theorists and philosophers of contemporary music met first annually until 1970, and then biennially. The event was organised by the Kranichsteiner Musikinstitut, which was renamed Internationales Musikinstitut Darmstadt (IMD). It is regarded as a leading international forum of contemporary and experimental music with a focus on composition. The festival awards the Kranichsteiner Musikpreis for performers and young composers.
1919 Hamburg state election
The 1919 Hamburg state election was held on 16 March 1919 to elect the 160 members of the Hamburg Parliament. Despite the SPD winning an absolute majority, they still formed a coalition with the former members of the senate as well as the DDP in parliament, the SPD even allowed the incumbent independent mayor, Werner von Melle, to stay in office. This election is regarded as the first fully democratic election in Hamburg since everyone, including women, were allowed to vote.

Hamburg Parliament
The Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft; literally “Hamburgish Citizenry” or, more poetically, “Hamburgish Burgessry”) is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Hamburg according to the constitution of Hamburg. As of 2025 there are 121 sitting members, representing 17 electoral districts. The parliament is situated in the city hall Hamburg Rathaus and is part of the Government of Hamburg.

The parliament is among other things responsible for the law, the election of the Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) for the election period and the control of the Senate (cabinet).

The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

Its members are elected in universal, direct, free, equal and secret elections every five years.
Peter Maturin
Peter Maturin was an Anglican priest in Ireland during the 18th century.

Maturin was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was appointed a prebendary of Rosserkbeg in Killala Cathedral in 1722; and was Dean of Killala from 1724 until 1741. He was also Vicar-general of the Diocese of Killala and Achonry.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
Clitopaxillus alexandri
Clitopaxillus alexandri is a species of fungus in the family Pseudoclitocybaceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Alexander's funnel. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid and resemble those of Clitocybe species. The species is saprotrophic and is mainly known from Europe.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Pimicikamak government
Pimicikamak is an indigenous people in Canada.  Pimicikamak is related to, but constitutionally, legally, historically and administratively distinct from, the Cross Lake First Nation which is a statutory creation that provides services on behalf of the Canadian Government.  Pimicikamak government is based on self-determination and has a unique form.

Codification (law)
In law, codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by subject, forming a legal code, i.e. a codex (book) of law.

Codification is one of the defining features for most civil law jurisdictions. In common law systems, such as that of English law, codification is the process of converting and consolidating judge-made law or uncodified statutes enacted by the legislature into codified statute law.
Eotitanosuchus
Eotitanosuchus ("dawn giant crocodile") is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids whose fossils were found in the town of Ochyor in Perm Krai, Russia. It lived about 267 million years ago. The only species is Eotitanosuchus olsoni.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Marcus A. Hitchcock
Marcus Aurelius Hitchcock (born 1963) is a retired United States Navy rear admiral who last served as the director for strategy, plans, and policy of the United States Space Command. A naval aviator, he has commanded the Navy Warfare Development Command and Carrier Strike Group 3.

Carrier Strike Group 3
Carrier Strike Group 3 (CSG-3 or CARSTRKGRU 3) is a U.S. Navy carrier strike group. Carrier strike groups gain and maintain sea control as well as project naval airpower ashore. The aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) is the group's current flagship. Other units assigned as of 2024 include Carrier Air Wing Nine, the Arleigh Burke-class destroyers USS O'Kane (DDG-77), USS Frank E. Petersen Jr. (DDG-121), and USS Spruance (DDG-111), which are part of Destroyer Squadron 21.

Between 2005 and 2013, the group made five deployments to the U.S. Fifth Fleet supporting U.S. ground forces in Iraq, and Afghanistan.  On 18 December 2011, strike group aircraft flew the final carrier-based air mission over Iraq, effectively ending U.S. naval support for Operation New Dawn.
Lake Pekulney
Lake Pekulney (Russian: Пекульнейское озеро) is a lake of Anadyr District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The lake has a basin area of 435 km2 (168 sq mi) which makes it the second largest lake in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug after Lake Krasnoye, and the 27th largest in area in Russia.

There are commercial fisheries of sockeye salmon in the lake.

The Kakanaut Formation is a geological formation named after the small river flowing into the lake at the head of its northeastern bay.

Sockeye salmon
The sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning.  They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5–15 lb). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (1,000 mi). Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives in fresh water.
Le Haut-Banc station
Le Haut-Banc is a railway station serving the towns Ferques and Rety, in the Pas-de-Calais department, northern France. It is on the Boulogne–Calais railway between Calais and Boulogne and served by regional TER trains.

Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.
Jim Triggs
Jim Triggs is an American luthier, described as the "P.T. Barnum of guitar makers." He grew up in Kansas, where he taught himself how to build mandolins and violins. He began building guitars in the early 1980s, influenced by such luthiers as John D'Angelico, Elmer Stromberg, and Lloyd Loar, and went to work for Gibson Guitar Corporation in 1986 as one of the master luthiers in Gibson's custom shop. He is known mainly for archtop guitars and mandolins.

Stromberg Guitars
Stromberg Guitars was an American company producing guitars, mainly for jazz musicians, between 1906 and 1955. They produced only around 640 guitars, and are noted for their craftsmanship, similar to the high standards of John D'Angelico. Stromberg's guitars are praised for their superb sound quality and for their contribution to the development of the jazz guitar.
Ropars
Ropars is a Breton-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Loeiz Ropars - Breton traditional singer

Anne-Marie Ropars - Breton poet

Erwan Ropars - Piper on l'Héritage des Celtes, penn-soner of the bagad Kemper for 25 years and founder of the bagad Kerne

Joseph Ropars - Commander of the SS France from September 1963 to July 1966

Marie-Claire Ropars-Wuilleumier - theorist of literature, cinema and aesthetics

Guy Ropartz - French composer and conductor

Marcel Ropars - Penn-soner of the bagad Kevrenn Brest Sant Mark from 1955 to 1958

Eugénie Ropars - Founder of the Celtic circle Poullaouen in the 1930s

Yves Ropartz (1903–1983), French racing cyclist

Bagad Kemper
Bagad Kemper (using the Breton name for the town of Quimper) is one of the oldest bagad, Breton pipe bands. Formed in 1949, its first president was none other than Loeïz Ropars, renovator of the Fest Noz (dance party) and kan ha diskan singer (Breton traditional vocal dancing). This ensemble holds the record for the most national Championship title wins.

Over time, this bagad has gradually reoriented itself toward collaborations with musicians from other traditions, like the Galician Susana Seivane and Carlos Núñez or South-African Johnny Clegg. Bagad Kemper were also a main feature of the very successful Heritage des Celtes (Heritage of the Celts) series of concerts, which brought together musicians from all horizons of the Celtic world. They celebrated their 60th anniversary with Breizh Balkanik, a show blending Balkan and Breton music worlds, with the Breton singer Érik Marchand. Except Dan Ar Braz, the bagad also accompanied on stage the band Red Cardell.
Cezanne (horse)
Cezanne (26 April 1989 – after 2001) was a British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse. Unraced as a two-year-old he showed modest form in 1992 and 1993, winning two minor races in England. After being transferred to race in Dubai he emerged as a top-class middle-distance performer as a five-year-old, taking the second and third rounds of the Al Maktoum Challenge before returning to Europe to win the Magnet Cup, Spreti-Rennen and Irish Champion Stakes. Following an unsuccessful campaign in 1996 he was retired to stud but proved to be infertile. After being gelded he competed in National Hunt races and won one minor race before being retired in 2001.

Gelding
A gelding (/ˈɡɛldɪŋ/) is a castrated male horse or other equine, such as a pony, donkey or a mule. The term is also used with certain other animals and livestock, such as domesticated camels. The equivalent terms for castrated male cattle are steer or bullock, and wether for sheep and goats.

Castration renders the male animal calmer, better-behaved, less sexually aggressive, and more responsive to training efforts. This makes the animal generally more suitable as an everyday working animal, or as a pet in the case of companion animals. The gerund and participle "gelding" and the infinitive "to geld" refer to the castration procedure itself.
Seven Seas to Calais
Seven Seas to Calais (Italian: Il dominatore dei sette mari) is a 1962 Italian adventure film in Eastmancolor and CinemaScope, produced by Paolo Moffa, directed by Rudolph Maté (his final film) and Primo Zeglio, that stars Rod Taylor, Keith Michell, and Edy Vessel. The film depicts the career of Britain's Sir Francis Drake.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
Tapanee Levitation 2
The Tapanee Levitation 2 is a Canadian STOL amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Tapanee Aviation of Mont-Saint-Michel, Quebec. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

The Levitation 2 was offered for sale in 2011, but as of 2012 the company no longer advertises that it is available.

Lycoming O-320
The Lycoming O-320 is a large family of naturally aspirated, 320 cu in (5.2 L) air-cooled, horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, direct-drive engines produced by Lycoming Engines. Introduced in 1953, it is commonly used on light aircraft such as the Cessna 172 and Piper Cherokee, and remains in production as of 2024.  Different variants are rated for 150 or 160 horsepower (112 or 119 kilowatts).
KESE-LD
KESE-LD (channel 35, cable channel 3) is a low-power television station licensed to Yuma, Arizona, United States, serving the Yuma, Arizona–El Centro, California market as an affiliate of the Spanish-language Telemundo network. It is owned by the News-Press & Gazette Company, alongside El Centro–licensed Fox/ABC/CW+ affiliate KECY-TV (channel 9); NPG also provides certain services to Yuma-licensed dual CBS/NBC affiliate KYMA-DT (channel 13) through a shared services agreement (SSA) with Rincon Broadcasting Group. The three stations share studios on South 4th Avenue in downtown Yuma, with an advertising sales office on West Main Street in El Centro; KESE-LD's transmitter is located southeast of Yuma.

Rincon Broadcasting Group
Rincon Broadcasting Group LLC is an American broadcasting company based in Atlanta, Georgia. Rincon Broadcasting was founded in late 2024 by Todd Parkin, who serves as the company's president.  Previously, Parkin was a sales executive for FanDuel Sports Network and the former CEO of PBC Broadcasting from 2009 to 2013.
Samokov Knoll
Samokov Knoll (Samokovska Mogila \'sa-mo-kov-ska mo-'gi-la\) is a peak of elevation 602 m in Yankov Gap area, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Surmounting Kaliakra Glacier to the northwest and Struma Glacier to the southeast.

The peak was first visited by the Bulgarians Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 28 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 survey, and is named after the town of Samokov in Southwestern Bulgaria.

Lyubomir Ivanov (explorer)
Lyubomir Ivanov (Bulgarian: Любомир Иванов, born 7 October 1952 in Sofia) is a Bulgarian scientist, non-governmental activist, and Antarctic explorer.  He is a graduate of the St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia with M.S. degree in mathematics in 1977. He earned his PhD from Sofia University in 1980, under the direction of Dimiter Skordev with a dissertation titled Iterative Operative Spaces, and was the 1987 winner of Acad. Nikola Obreshkov Prize, the highest Bulgarian award in mathematics.
Twice as Hard
"Twice as Hard" is a song by American southern rock band the Black Crowes, released as a single in 1990. It is from their first album Shake Your Money Maker. The song reached No. 11 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart.

A music video directed by Pete Angelus was shot in 1990 to promote the single. It features the band playing the song at night in a mansion. The band is also shown having a daytime lunch during the guitar solo.

In addition to being the first track on Shake Your Money Maker, "Twice as Hard" is also included on the Crowes' Greatest Hits 1990–1999: A Tribute to a Work in Progress compilation and the 2002 album Live. The song is in the key of G major.

Greatest Hits 1990–1999: A Tribute to a Work in Progress...
Greatest Hits 1990–1999: A Tribute to a Work in Progress... is a compilation album by American rock band The Black Crowes, released June 20, 2000, by American Recordings & Columbia Records. It features material from all of their studio albums up to that point, and reached #143 on the Billboard 200.
Hernández–Capron Trail
The Hernández–Capron Trail also known as the Hernández Trail is a historic trail in Eastern Florida (then Mosquito County) extending between New Smyrna in Volusia County and Fort Pierce in St. Lucie County. It was the first road from St. Augustine to the Fort Pierce area. It was originally cut through the Atlantic Coastal Ridge by Joseph Marion Hernández. The majority of the trail is in wilderness, although some portions traverse developed areas.

St. Lucie County, Florida
St. Lucie County (Spanish: Condado de Santa Lucía) is a county located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 329,226. The county's seat is Fort Pierce, while the largest city is Port St. Lucie, which makes up 62% of the county's population. St. Lucie County is the principal county of the Port St. Lucie, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
261 Prymno
261 Prymno is a somewhat large Main belt asteroid. It is classified as a B-type asteroid and probably has a primitive composition not unlike common C-type carbonaceous asteroids.

It was discovered by C. H. F. Peters on October 31, 1886, in Clinton, New York and was named after the Greek Oceanid Prymno.

B-type asteroid
B-type asteroids are a relatively uncommon type of carbonaceous asteroid, falling into the wider C-group; the 'B' indicates these objects are spectrally blue. In the asteroid population, B-class objects can be found in the outer asteroid belt, and also dominate the high-inclination Pallas family which includes the third-largest asteroid 2 Pallas. They are thought to be primitive, volatile-rich remnants from the early Solar System. There are 65 known B-type asteroids in the SMASS classification, and 9 in the Tholen classification as of March 2015.