hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Anders
Ernst Anders (26 March 1845 – 1911) was a German painter.

He was born in Magdeburg. He began his artistic education as a private student of Andreas Müller then, in 1863, enrolled at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, where he studied with  Rudolf Wiegmann, Heinrich Mücke, Karl Ferdinand Sohn and Julius Roeting. From 1868 to 1872, he was a private student of Wilhelm Sohn. Most of his paintings were genre scenes, but he made his living doing portraits, including  many of his fellow artists. He died in 1911 in Mölln.

Kunstakademie Düsseldorf
The Kunstakademie Düsseldorf is the academy of fine arts of the state of North Rhine Westphalia at the city of Düsseldorf, Germany. Notable artists who studied or taught at the academy include Joseph Beuys, Gerhard Richter, Blinky Palermo, Magdalena Jetelová, Gotthard Graubner, Nam June Paik, Nan Hoover, Katharina Fritsch, Tony Cragg, Ruth Rogers-Altmann, Sigmar Polke, Anselm Kiefer, Rosemarie Trockel, Thomas Schütte, Katharina Grosse, Michael Krebber and photographers Thomas Ruff, Thomas Demand, Christopher Williams, Thomas Struth, Andreas Gursky and Candida Höfer. In the stairway of its main entrance are engraved the Words: "Für unsere Studenten nur das Beste" ("For our Students only the Best").
Melody and Romance
Melody and Romance is a 1937 British musical comedy film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Hughie Green, Margaret Lockwood and Jane Carr. It was made at Beaconsfield Studios with sets designed by Norman G. Arnold, and features an uncredited appearance by Charles Hawtrey reciting Hamlet's "To be, or not to be."

Beaconsfield Film Studios
Beaconsfield Film Studios is a British television and film studio in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. The studios were operational as a production site for films in 1922, and continued producing films - and, later, TV shows - until the 1960s. Britain's first talking movie was recorded there, as were films starring British actors Gracie Fields, Peter Sellers and John Mills.

Since 1971 it has been the home of the National Film and Television School, an internationally recognized postgraduate school for film and TV production, famous as the birthplace of the animated characters Wallace and Gromit.
Leslie Ward (cricketer)
Leslie Maynard Ward (2 May 1908 – 13 January 1981) was an English cricketer who made one appearance in first-class cricket in 1930. He was a right-handed batsman, who bowled both right-arm medium and right-arm off break.

Ward made his only appearance in first-class cricket when he was selected to play for Warwickshire against Leicestershire at Hinckley. In a drawn match, Ward batted once, scoring 5 runs in Warwickshire's only innings, but was dismissed bowled by Norman Armstrong. He wasn't required to bowl in Leicestershire's first-innings, during which Joseph Mayer and Derek Foster shared nine of the ten wickets to fall as Leicestershire were bowled out for 53 in 23.2 overs. Made to follow-on in their second-innings, Leicestershire reached 294/8 at the close of the match, with Ward taking his only first-class wicket when he dismissed Ewart Astill, finishing with figures of 1/29 from 8 overs.

He died at Bideford, Devon on 13 January 1981.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Myrup, Western Australia
Myrup is a locality of the Shire of Esperance in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. The Coolgardie–Esperance Highway forms its western border. The eastern part of the townsite of Shark Lake is located in the west of Myrup, while the Woody Lake Nature Reserve is located in the south-west.

Myrup is on the traditional land of the Njunga people of the Noongar nation. The Njunga were previously part of the Wudjari Noongar, but separated from them for cultural reasons.

The Kalgoorlie to Esperance railway passes through the north-west of the locality. The former railway siding of Caitup was located on this section of railway line, operating from 1925 to 1960.

Goldfields–Esperance
31°S 123°E﻿ / ﻿31°S 123°E﻿ / -31; 123

The Goldfields–Esperance region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the south-eastern corner of Western Australia, and comprises the local government areas of Coolgardie, Dundas, Esperance, Kalgoorlie–Boulder, Laverton, Leonora, Menzies, Ngaanyatjarraku, Ravensthorpe and Wiluna.

It also incorporates the area along the Great Australian Bight to the South Australian border known as the Nullarbor Plain.
Charles Davy
Charles Vinicombe Butler Davy (24 October 1869 – 10 September 1931) was an Indian-born English amateur cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and a slow left-arm orthodox bowler. Davy was born in Mercara in British India in 1869 and died in Vancouver in Canada in 1931 aged 61.

Davy was educated at Cheltenham College and played in the school First XI in 1888 as well as for a Public Schools team. He made two appearances for the Gentlemen of Kent in 1892 before and after his only first-class cricket match against Middlesex in the 1892 County Championship at Rectory Field, Blackheath. He scored a total of 35 first-class runs and took one wicket. Davy played in one further known cricket match, for Bangkok against Singapore in 1909.

Madikeri
Madikeri (Kodava: [mɐɖikeːri]), earlier called as Mercara is city and  headquarters of Kodagu district in the Karnataka state of India. It is recognised as one of the world's eight "hottest hotspots" of biological diversity and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city is ranked 1st in India for clean air and air quality index in 2024.
San'yūtei Enchō
Sanyutei Encho I (初代 三遊亭 円朝, Shodai San'yūtei Enchō; Japanese pronunciation: [saɰ̃.jɯː.tei (|) eɲ.tɕoꜜː, -teː-], May 13, 1839 – August 11, 1900), born Jirokichi Izubuchi (出淵 次郎吉, Izubuchi Jirokichi),  was a Japanese author and rakugo performer of the late Edo and early Meiji eras. He was the founder and head of the Sanyuu school of rakugo, and is considered a pioneer of the rakugo revival.

Notable works of his include Japanese horror ("kaidan") classics: Kaidan botan dōrō (based on Botan Dōrō (牡丹灯籠, The Peony Lantern), and Shinkei Kasane ga fuchi (on which many Japanese horror films such as Kaidan Kasane-ga-fuchi are based).

Kaidan
Kaidan (怪談; sometimes transliterated kwaidan) is a Japanese word consisting of two kanji: 怪 (kai) meaning 'strange, mysterious, rare, or bewitching apparition' and 談 (dan) meaning 'talk' or 'recited narrative'.

In its broadest sense, kaidan refers to any ghost story or horror story, but it has an old-fashioned ring to it that carries the connotation of Edo period Japanese folktales. The term is no longer as widely used in Japanese as it once was: Japanese horror books and films such as Ju-on and Ring would more likely be labeled by the katakana horā (ホラー; 'horror'). Kaidan is only used if the author/director wishes to give an old-fashioned air to the story.
Kurt Landau
Kurt Landau (January 29, 1903 – on or shortly after September 23, 1937, Pseudonyms Agricola, Wolf Bertram, Spectator) was an Austrian communist, member of the International Left Opposition, author, and Trotskyist. He was murdered by agents of Stalin's NKVD during the Spanish Civil War.

International Left Opposition
The International Left Opposition (ILO) was an organisation founded by Leon Trotsky in 1930.

It was meant to be an opposition group within the Comintern, but members of the Comintern were immediately expelled as soon as they joined (or were suspected of joining) the ILO. The ILO, therefore, concluded that opposing Stalinism from within the Communist organizations controlled by Stalin's supporters had become impossible, so new organizations had to be formed. In 1933, the ILO was renamed the International Communist League (ICL), which was dissolved in 1936 but formed the basis of the Fourth International, founded in Paris in 1938.
So in Love
"So in Love" is a song by Cole Porter from his 1948 musical Kiss Me, Kate, which is based on Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew. The tune is sung by Lilli Vanessi after she receives flowers her ex-husband had intended for someone else, and as the song progresses, Lilli's initial sorrowful resignation develops into unrequited love.

It was first sung in the show by Patricia Morison, reprised by Alfred Drake, and further popularized by Patti Page in 1949. The Page recording was issued by Mercury Records as catalog number 5230, and first reached the Billboard chart on February 12, 1949, lasting two weeks and peaking at No. 13. Other versions popular that year were by Gordon MacRae and Dinah Shore. The song has been recorded by many other artists, including Peggy Lee and Ella Fitzgerald.

Kiss Me, Kate
Kiss Me, Kate is a musical with music and lyrics by Cole Porter and a book by Bella and Samuel Spewack. The story involves the production of a musical version of William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew and the conflict on and off-stage between Fred Graham, the show's director, producer, and star, and his leading lady, his ex-wife Lilli Vanessi. A secondary romance concerns Lois Lane, the actress playing Bianca, and her gambler boyfriend, Bill, who runs afoul of some gangsters. The original production starred Alfred Drake, Patricia Morison, Lisa Kirk and Harold Lang.

Kiss Me, Kate was Porter's response to Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! and other integrated musicals; it was the first show he wrote in which the music and lyrics were firmly connected to the script. The musical premiered in 1948 and proved to be Porter's only show to run for more than 1,000 performances on  Broadway. In 1949, it won the first Tony Award for Best Musical.
Ingólfur Þórarinsson
Ingólfur Þórarinsson (born 31 May 1986), commonly known as Ingó Veðurguð (Ingó the Weather God), is an Icelandic singer and songwriter and a former footballer. He plays with the band Ingó og Veðurguðirnir, best known for the 2008 hit song "Bahama" and the 2009 song "Gestalistinn".

UMF Selfoss
Ungmennafélag Selfoss (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈuŋkˌmɛnːaˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈsɛlˌfɔsː], lit. 'Selfoss Youth Club'), commonly known as Selfoss or UMF Selfoss, is an Icelandic multisport club, located in the town of Selfoss in the Southern Region. In May 2019, the Selfoss men's handball team won the national handball championship for the first time. In August 2019, the women's football team added the club's second major title in one year when it won the Icelandic Football Cup.
Ngườm Ngao Cave
Ngườm Ngao Cave (Vietnamese: Động Ngao) is a limestone cave situated in Bản Gun village, Đàm Thủy commune, Trùng Khánh district, Cao Bằng province, Vietnam. Positioned approximately 3-5 kilometers from the renowned Bản Giốc Waterfall, this cave represents a pivotal geological formation in northern Vietnam, characterized by intricate stalactite and stalagmite structures.

The cave extends 2,144 meters in length, featuring three primary entrances and a consistent internal temperature of 18-25°C. Discovered in 1921 and surveyed in 1995, Ngườm Ngao Cave opened to tourists in 1996, drawing visitors to its natural wonders.

Stalactite
A stalactite (UK: /ˈstæləkˌtaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from Ancient Greek  σταλακτός (stalaktós) 'dripping', from  σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats). A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.

The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite.
George Folsey
George Joseph Folsey, A.S.C., was an American cinematographer who worked on 162 films from 1914 to his retirement in 1976. He was one of the main cinematographers at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for 27 years and was nominated for 13 Academy Awards and was a pioneer in many cinematography techniques. He was the recipient of the first Lifetime Achievement Award presented by the American Society of Cinematographers in 1988, for whom he had served as president in 1956–1957. Film critic Todd McCarthy called him one of Hollywood's most distinguished cinematographers for 50 years.

Todd McCarthy
Todd McCarthy (born February 16, 1950) is an American film critic and author. He wrote for Variety for 31 years as its chief film critic until 2010. In October of that year, he joined The Hollywood Reporter, where he subsequently served as chief film critic until 2020. McCarthy subsequently began writing regularly for Deadline Hollywood in 2020.
H. B. Van Duzer Forest State Scenic Corridor
H. B. Van Duzer Forest State Scenic Corridor is a 12-mile (19 km) scenic driving route along Route 18 in Lincoln, Tillamook, and Polk counties in the U.S. state of Oregon that passes through a forested corridor. The Van Duzer Corridor stretches from northwestern Polk County to Lincoln City, passing through the Northern Oregon Coast Range.

The forest corridor was named for Henry B. Van Duzer, a member of the Oregon State Highway Commission and president of the Inman Poulson Logging Company, who was appointed by Governor I. L. Patterson as the first chairman of the Oregon State Parks Commission in 1929. The land, purchased by the State of Oregon between 1935 and 1942, is managed by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department, which also maintains a scenic rest stop on the route.

An old growth Douglas-fir forest is located along the Salmon River. Roosevelt elk can be seen along the route.

Lincoln City, Oregon
Lincoln City is a city in Lincoln County on the Oregon Coast of the United States, between Tillamook to the north and Newport to the south. It is named after the county, which was named in honor of former U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. The population was at 9,815 in the 2020 Census.
Electra Tower
The Electra Tower, previously Amkor Tower or Elco Tower, is an office skyscraper in Tel Aviv, Israel, located on Yigal Allon Street. At 165 meters, it is one of the tallest buildings in the city.

Originally it was planned to be 235 meters in height with 65 floors, which would have made it Tel Aviv's tallest tower and one of the country's tallest buildings upon completion, but the final plan lowered this to a 45-floor skyscraper. The building was completed in January 2011.

Twenty-five (initially five) of the tower's floors, totaling 8000 m2 are rented by Google Israel. This includes one floor of 1500 m2 for a business incubator campus launched in December 2012.

Additional notable residents are Waze, PayPal, Klarna, Broadcom and Golan Telecom.

Golan Telecom
Golan Telecom (Hebrew: גולן טלקום) is a telecommunication provider and mobile network operator in Israel. It was founded in 2010 and offers a range of mobile phone, telecommunications and internet services to residential and business customers. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.
2023 Women's T20I Inter-Insular Series
The 2023 Women's T20I Inter-Insular Series, consisting of three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches, took place in Guernsey in June 2022. The venue for the matches was the King George V Sports Ground in Castel. Jersey were the defending champions, having won the 2022 series in June 2022.

Jersey again won the series by a margin of 3–0, scoring their highest total in a T20I (196/3) and recording their biggest winning margin (157 runs) in the third match of the series.

King George V Sports Ground
The King George V Sports Ground is a cricket ground in Castel, Guernsey. The venue hosted matches in the 2009 ICC World Cricket League Division Seven tournament, and in the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Europe Qualifier tournament in June 2019. On 30 May 2020, the ground hosted the first match in the British Isles after lockdown restrictions were eased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Sniper (poem)
The Sniper is a World War I poem by Scottish poet W D Cocker, written in 1917 about the impact a sniper has had not only on the life of the young soldier, but also on that soldier's family back home. It is not revealed which side the sniper is on, as the deed is the same, whether the victim is German or British.

This poem shows Cocker's dissatisfaction with what was becoming almost anonymous cold-blooded killing from varying distances (200 yards within the poem) - a far cry from battles before the age of industrialisation, when soldiers and warriors fought face to face, with the stronger individual emerging the victor.

Warrior
A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.
Morgan Eckroth
Morgan Eckroth (born 18 September 1998), also known by their username MorganDrinksCoffee, is an American online content creator and barista. A resident of Portland, Oregon, Eckroth maintains a popular TikTok account and YouTube channel along with participating in barista competitions. After competing in nationals and qualifiers for the United States Barista Championship in 2019 and 2020 respectively, Eckroth became the United States Barista Champion in 2022, thereby qualifying to represent the US in the 2022 World Barista Championship (WBC). Eckroth placed second at the WBC, where they were sponsored by Onyx Coffee Lab, an Arkansas-based coffee roaster where Eckroth also serves as the content marketing specialist.

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Nate Glubish
Nathanael Glubish ECA MLA (/ˈɡluːbɪʃ/ GLOO-bish; born August 21, 1981) is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2019 Alberta general election to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta representing the electoral district of Strathcona-Sherwood Park.

Executive Council of Alberta
The Executive Council of Alberta (the Cabinet) is a body of ministers of the Crown in right of Alberta, who along with the lieutenant governor, exercises the powers of the Government of Alberta. Ministers are selected by the premier and typically (but not always) sit as a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). It is the provincial equivalent to the federal Cabinet of Canada.
Church rate
The church rate was a tax formerly levied in each parish in England and Ireland for the benefit of the parish church. The rates were used to meet the costs of carrying on divine service, repairing the fabric of the church and paying the salaries of the connected officials.

Except for a brief period during the Commonwealth of England in the 17th century, the raising of church rates has never been confirmed by statute. It was always a matter of common law.  The compulsory levying of the church rate was abolished by statute in 1868; however, it remains on a voluntary basis in many parishes. Chancel repair liability in England, however, remains enforceable by law.

Chancel repair liability
Chancel repair liability is a legal obligation on a small number of property owners in England and Wales to pay for certain repairs to a church, often the local parish church.

Where people purchase property within land that was once rectorial (part of a rectory or glebe), they may acquire a responsibility to fund repairs to the chancel of the medieval-founded Church of England parish church or Church in Wales church which that glebe land supported. This can still be invoked by the church council of some parishes.

It is common practice for purchasers of land to check whether the local parish includes a church where such a liability may apply, and if so to take out chancel liability insurance.
Fala Hydro Power Plant
The Fala Hydro Power Plant (also Fala Hydroelectric Power Plant or Fala HPP; Slovene: Hidroelektrarna Fala) is a Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity in Slovenia. The ROR is located in the Drava river in Selnica ob Dravi.

The Hidroelektrarna Fala started in 1918 and is the oldest ROR in the Drava river.

Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
Run-of-river hydroelectricity (ROR) or run-of-the-river hydroelectricity is a type of hydroelectric generation plant whereby little or no water storage is provided. Run-of-the-river power plants may have no water storage at all or a limited amount of storage, in which case the storage reservoir is referred to as pondage. A plant without pondage is subject to seasonal river flows, so the plant will operate as an intermittent energy source. Conventional hydro uses reservoirs, which regulate water for flood control, dispatchable electrical power, and the provision of fresh water for agriculture.
Loveria
Loveria is a 2013 Bengali action comedy romance film. It was directed by Raja Chanda and produced under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films and Surinder Films. It is a remake of the 2009 Telugu film Bumper Offer starring Sairam Shankar and Bindu Madhavi.

Surinder Films
Surinder Films is an Indian media and entertainment company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. It mainly produces and distributes Bengali films. The production house was created by Surinder Singh in 1970 as a film distribution company. In 1995, it was taken over by his son Nispal Singh. The company has produced more than 70 films, 20 television shows, 50 web series and short films.

Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films, Surinder Films is also in the business of Television content production. The other division of the company includes digital content production for OTT platforms. In 2023, Surinder Films acquired the first Bengali OTT platform of India, Addatimes.
Plumatyla humerosa
Plumatyla humerosa is a millipede species found in mines, as well as lava tube and limestone caves of northern California and south-central Oregon. It belongs to the family Conotylidae.  The millipede is likely a troglophile with a white carapace and observed in lava caves though it may inhabit crevices as well. P. humerosa is observed frequenting areas with mold or bat feces on the cave floors. Taracus marchingtoni has been observed feeding on P. humerosa within cave habitat.

Lava tube
A lava tube, more rarely called a pyroduct or lava tunnel, is a natural roofed conduit along which molten lava flows from a volcanic vent. If lava in the tube drains out, it will leave an empty cave. Lava tubes are common in low-viscosity volcanic systems. Lava tubes are important as they are able to transport molten lava much further away from the eruptive vent than lava channels. A tube-forming lava flow can emplace on longer distance due to the presence of a solid crust protecting the molten lava from atmospheric cooling. Lava tubes are often considered when preparing hazard maps or managing an eruptive crisis.