hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St. Thomas Observatory
The St. Thomas Observatory  is an astronomical observatory operated by the Department of Physics on the main campus of the University of St. Thomas in Minnesota. The observatory consists of an automated dome and a fully robotic 17-inch (0.43 m) corrected Dall-Kirkham reflecting telescope coupled with a 10.7-megapixel CCD camera.  The observatory is used for public observing events and facilitates student research projects.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Hotel de Paree
Hotel de Paree is a Western television series starring Earl Holliman that aired thirty-three episodes on the CBS Friday evening from October 2, 1959, until September 23, 1960, under the alternate sponsorship of the Liggett & Myers company (L&M cigarettes) and Kellogg's.

Westerns on television
Television Westerns are programs with settings in the later half of the 19th century in the American Old West, Western Canada and Mexico during the period from about 1860 to the end of the so-called "Indian Wars". More recent entries in the Western genre have used the neo-Western subgenre, placing events in the modern day, or the space Western subgenre, but still draw inspiration from the outlaw attitudes prevalent in traditional Western productions.

When television became popular in the late 1940s and 1950s, Westerns quickly became an audience favorite, with 30 such shows airing at prime time by 1959. Traditional Westerns faded in popularity in the late 1960s, while new shows fused Western elements with other types of shows, such as family drama, mystery thrillers, and crime drama. In the 1990s and 2000s, slickly packaged made-for-TV movie Westerns were introduced.
Laszlo Alexandru
Laszlo Alexandru (born 4 May 1966, Cluj) is a Romanian essayist, literary critic, literary historian, translator and journalist. He is an Italian teacher. He is editor of E-Leonardo cultural magazine and coordinator of the Italian collection at the "Ecou Transilvan" Publishing House. He is known for his Dante interpretation contributions in the university field in Romania and in Europe, in the Romanian culture and in the Italian culture. Also known in Israel for his cultural studies on the Holocaust. Since 2014, he is a member of the Romanian Writers' Union. His books have been published in Romania and in the Republic of Moldova. He won the Romanian Writers' 2020 Special Award for Lectura lui Dante. Infernul; Purgatoriul; Paradisul. Knight (Cavaliere) of the Order of the Star of Italy by decree of the President of the Republic, on the recommendation of the Minister of the Foreign Affairs.

Writers' Union of Romania
The Writers' Union of Romania (Romanian: Uniunea Scriitorilor din România), founded in March 1949, is a professional association of writers in Romania. It also has a subsidiary in Chișinău, Republic of Moldova. The Writers' Union of Romania was created by the communist regime by taking over the former Romanian Writers' Society (Societatea Scriitorilor Români), which had been established in 1908.

The Union organizes the annual Days and Nights of Literature Festival, and the awarding of the prestigious Ovid Prize for Literature.
Ascensor da Bica
The Bica Funicular (Portuguese: Ascensor da Bica), sometimes known as the Elevador da Bica (Bica Lift), is a funicular railway line in the civil parish of Misericórdia, in the municipality of Lisbon, Portugal. Operated by Carris, it connects the Rua de São Paulo with Calçada do Combro/Largo do Calhariz/Rua do Loreto. It has been in operation almost continuously for 133 years.

The line conforms to the funicular principle, with two cars permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track.  The cable links the two cars together so that they ascend and descend simultaneously, each car acting as a counterweight for the other one.: 109

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
The Music Factory
The Music Factory (TMF) was originally a Dutch brand of television and radio channels, which focused on pop music. It was similar to the American MTV which took over TMF in 2002.

TMF operated channels in the Netherlands (TMF Nederland) as well as in the UK with TMF UK and Australia with (TMF Australia). The brand is owned by MTV Networks International (part of the Viacom conglomerate). It shows only pop videos and locally produced live programming in Belgium. Likewise, with TMF Netherlands before its closure, the British TMF aired some of MTV's and VH1's programmes like Cribs, Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica, Hogan Knows Best and Run's House.

The channel operated until 26 October 2009 in the UK and Ireland, 1 September 2011 in the Netherlands and 1 November 2015 in Belgium. Viacom International Media Networks, the international arm of Viacom, owns the brand.

Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica
Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica is an American reality television series that aired on MTV. It followed the marriage of then husband and wife Nick Lachey and Jessica Simpson. It premiered on August 19, 2003 and ended on March 30, 2005, with a total of 40 episodes over the course of 3 seasons.
Lewis M. Allen
Lewis Maitland Allen (June 27, 1922 Berryville, Virginia – December 8, 2003 New York City) was an American film producer and Tony Award winning Broadway producer.  He was married to screenwriter Jay Presson Allen. Allen was nominated for seven Tony Awards and won three, for Annie (1977), I'm Not Rappaport (1986) and Master Class (1996).

On Broadway, he was renowned for producing Annie and Master Class and in film he produced versions of The Connection (1961), and Fahrenheit 451 (1966), Swimming to Cambodia (1987), plus both English language versions of Lord of the Flies released in 1963 and 1990.

Swimming to Cambodia
Swimming to Cambodia, also known as Spalding Gray's Swimming to Cambodia, is a 1987 American performance monologue written by and starring Spalding Gray, and directed by Jonathan Demme. The performance film is of Gray's play and monologue, which centered on such themes as his trip to Southeast Asia to create the role of the U.S. Ambassador's aide in the film The Killing Fields, the Cold War, Cambodia Year Zero, and his search for his "perfect moment."  It was nominated for Best Feature at the 1988 Independent Spirit Awards along with Best Director, Best Actor and Best Screenplay.
El Loco
El Loco is the seventh studio album by the American rock band ZZ Top, released in 1981. It foreshadowed the band's extensive usage of synthesizers on Eliminator, Afterburner, and to a lesser extent, Recycler, by way of employing a synthesizer on a couple tracks, played by an uncredited Linden Hudson.

Bill Ham
Billy Mack Ham (February 4, 1937 – June 20, 2016) was an American music impresario, best known as the manager, producer, and image-maker for the blues-rock band ZZ Top. Ham also gained prominence in the country music world by discovering and managing multi-platinum singer-songwriter Clint Black.
Trillium decumbens
Trillium decumbens, also known as the decumbent trillium or trailing wakerobin, is a species of flowering plant in the bunchflower family (Melanthiaceae). It is native to the southeastern United States, specifically Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama, where it grows in mature deciduous woodlands or on open rocky wooded slopes.

Melanthiaceae
Melanthiaceae, also called the bunchflower family, is a family of flowering herbaceous perennial plants native to the Northern Hemisphere. Along with many other lilioid monocots, early authors considered members of this family to belong to the family Liliaceae, in part because both their sepals and petals closely resemble each other and are often large and showy like those of lilies, while some more recent taxonomists have placed them in a family Trilliaceae. The most authoritative modern treatment, however, the APG III system of 2009 (unchanged from the 2003 APG II system and the 1998 APG system), places the family in the order Liliales, in the clade monocots. Circumscribed in this way, the family includes up to 17 genera.

Familiar members of the family include the genera Paris and Trillium.
Robert Smalls School
The Robert Smalls School is a historic school building at 316 Front Street in Cheraw, South Carolina. This single story brick Colonial Revival structure was designed by the Florence firm of Hopkins, Baker & Gill, and completed in 1953. It was part of a development effort by the city to modernize its schools while continuing to provide "separate but equal" education facilities for its African-American citizenry. It served as a public school until the 1990s, and was sold by the city to a nonprofit organization in 2012. It now houses a food pantry and services for at-risk youth. It was named for Robert Smalls.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Florence, South Carolina
Florence /ˈflɒrəns/ is a city in and the county seat of Florence County, South Carolina, United States. It lies at the intersection of Interstates 20 and 95 and is the eastern terminus of the former. It is the primary city within the Florence metropolitan area. The area forms the core of the historical Pee Dee region of South Carolina, which includes the eight counties of northeastern South Carolina, along with sections of southeastern North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 39,899, making it the 10th-most populous city in the state.

Florence is one of the major cities in South Carolina. In 1965, Florence was named an All-American City, presented by the National Civic League. The city was founded as a railroad hub and became the junction of three major railroad systems, including the Wilmington and Manchester, the Northeastern, and the Cheraw and Darlington.
Hammarström
Hammarström is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hanna Hammarström (1829–1909), Swedish inventor and businesswoman

Harald Hammarström (born 1977), Swedish linguist

Inge Hammarström (born 1948), Swedish ice hockey player

Klara Hammarström (born 2000), Swedish singer

Kristin Hammarström (born 1982), Swedish footballer

Louise Hammarström (1849–1917), Swedish chemist

Marie Hammarström (born 1982), Swedish footballer

Nanny Hammarström (1870–1953), Finnish author

Peter Hammarström (born 1969), Swedish ice hockey player

Rune Hammarström (1920–1999), Swedish speed skater

Torsten Hammarström (1896–1965), Swedish diplomat

Inge Hammarström
Hans Inge Hammarström (born 20 January 1948) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey left winger. He played six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Maple Leafs and St. Louis Blues between 1973 and 1979. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1964 to 1982, was spent in the Swedish Division 1 and Elitserien, the top leagues at the time. Internationally Hammarström played for the Swedish national team at several tournaments, including the 1972 Winter Olympics and five World Championships. After retiring Hammarström worked as a scout.
Southern Highland Group
The  Southern Highland Group is a sequence of metamorphosed Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks that outcrop across the Central Highlands of Scotland, east of the Great Glen. It forms the uppermost/youngest part of the Dalradian Supergroup and is divided into two formations. Volcanism is recorded by the Loch Avich Lavas Formation which divides the Loch Avich Grits Formation into lower and upper parts – the grits are turbidite and submarine fan deposits.  In Perthshire and on Deeside, the Leny Limestone, which has been dated to 514 Ma, is present. A tillite, the Macduff Boulder Bed is known from the upper part of the group in northeast Scotland.

Loch Avich
Loch of Avich is a large freshwater loch that lies approximately 1 mi (1.6 km) west of Loch Awe in Argyll and Bute in Scotland. It is the second biggest loch in the Etive basin after Loch Awe. It trends east-northeast, west-southwest and is narrowly triangular in shape. At the southwest end of the loch is the islet Innis Luana on which stands the ruins of an ancient castle named Caisteal na Nighinn Ruaidhe (Castle of the Red Haired Maiden). The castle may have been the original seat of Clan Campbell. Near the north shore on the islet of Eilean Fraoch is the remains of a crannog.
T. J. Connolly (hurler)
T. J. Connolly (born 1971) is an Irish retired hurler and former manager of the Tipperary under-21 hurling team.

Born in Cashel, County Tipperary, Connolly first arrived on the inter-county scene as a dual player at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Tipperary minor teams, before later joining the under-21 sides. Connolly never played at senior level with Tipperary.

At club level Connolly was a one-time Munster medallist with Cashel King Cormac's. He also won one championship medal.

In retirement from playing, Connolly became involved in team management and coaching. He served as a selector with the Tipperary under-21 team for a number of years, before being appointed manager in 2013. He left the position of under-21 manager in 2015.

Dual player
Dual player or dual star is a term used in Hiberno-English to describe someone who competes in multiple sports — for example, in Victorian Ireland, cricket and hurling. The term today in Gaelic games typically describes a male player who plays both Gaelic football and hurling or, if a female player, a player of ladies' Gaelic football and camogie. The player does not necessarily have to play at the same standard in both sports. The number of dual stars at county level has decreased recently due to the increasing demands placed upon the best players of both sports.
Daniel Málek
Daniel Málek (born 25 May 1973 in Gottwaldow) is a retired male breaststroke swimmer from the Czech Republic, who won two bronze medals in the men's breaststroke events at the 1997 European Championships in Seville, Spain. He represented his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in Atlanta, Georgia (1996).

1997 European Aquatics Championships
The 1997 LEN European Aquatics Championships were held in Seville, Spain from Tuesday 19 August to Sunday 24 August, in the 50 m pool of the Centro Deportivo San Pablo. The 23rd edition of the event was organised by the LEN. Besides swimming there were titles contested in open water swimming, diving, synchronized swimming (women) and – for the last time – water polo.

The swimming championships resulted in two European records: Ágnes Kovács on the women's 200 m breaststroke and Russia in the men's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay. Alexander Popov returned in competition after being stabbed down in Moscow, shortly after the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.
Masters of Albion
Masters of Albion is an upcoming video game in the God game genre currently in development by 22cans. It has been described by developer Peter Molyneux as "the culmination of my life's work".

It is expected to enter early access on April 22, 2026.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Oreopanax rosei
Oreopanax rosei is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Cylinder valve
Cylinder valve can refer to

an inlet or exhaust valve in a piston engine or compressor

a direct coupled valve to control the flow of gas into or out of a gas storage cylinder
a scuba cylinder valve to control the flow of gas into or out of the diving cylinders of a scuba set

a valve to control flow of the actuating fluid into or out of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder

Poppet valve
A poppet valve (also sometimes called mushroom valve) is a valve typically used to control the timing and quantity of petrol (gas) or vapour flow into or out of an engine, but with many other applications.

It consists of a hole or open-ended chamber, usually round or oval in cross-section, and a plug, usually a disk shape on the end of a shaft known as a valve stem. The working end of this plug, the valve face, is typically ground at a 45° bevel to seal against a corresponding valve seat ground into the rim of the chamber being sealed. The shaft travels through a valve guide to maintain its alignment.

A pressure differential on either side of the valve can assist or impair its performance. In exhaust applications higher pressure against the valve helps to seal it, and in intake applications lower pressure helps open it.
2022 Sofia Open – Doubles
Rafael Matos and David Vega Hernández defeated Fabian Fallert and Oscar Otte in the final, 3–6, 7–5, [10–8] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2022 Sofia Open.

Jonny O'Mara and Ken Skupski were the reigning champions, but did not participate this year.

Jonny O'Mara
Jonny O'Mara (born 2 March 1995) is a British tennis player. He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 44 achieved on 20 May 2019. He also has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 489 achieved on 10 April 2017. He is also a North of Scotland Tennis Legend often representing the county in the prestigious County Cup event while serving as a professional player. He joins the likes of Andy Murray, Jamie Murray and Jake Leyni as true Legends to play for the North of Scotland in a professional capacity.
Physicians' Desk Reference
The Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR), renamed Prescriber's Digital Reference after its physical publication was discontinued, is a compilation of manufacturers' prescribing information (package insert) on prescription drugs, updated regularly and published by ConnectiveRx.

Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription. In contrast, over-the-counter drugs can be obtained without a prescription. The reason for this difference in substance control is the potential scope of misuse, from drug abuse to practising medicine without a license and without sufficient education. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

In North America, ℞, usually printed as "Rx", is used as an abbreviation of the word "prescription". It is a contraction of the Latin word "recipe" (an imperative form of "recipere") meaning "take". Prescription drugs are often dispensed together with a monograph (in Europe, a Patient Information Leaflet or PIL) that gives detailed information about the drug.

The use of prescription drugs has been increasing since the 1960s.
Pokrovskoye, Rostov Oblast
Pokrovskoye (Russian: Покровское) is a village, it is an administrative center of the Neklinovsky District of Rostov Oblast in Russia. It is  also an administrative center of the rural population of Pokrovskoye. Its population is 12369 as of 2010.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Dundalk Democrat
The Dundalk Democrat is a regional newspaper printed in Dundalk, Ireland. Established in 1849, it primarily serves County Louth as well as County Monaghan and parts of County Armagh, County Down, County Cavan and County Meath. It comes out every Tuesday with three editions: The Town Edition, The County Edition and The Monaghan Democrat. The paper is owned by Iconic Newspapers, which acquired Johnston Press's titles in the Republic of Ireland in 2014. The Dundalk Democrat is one of two non-free newspapers in Dundalk, the other being The Argus.

The original offices of the Dundalk Democrat still stand at No. 3 Earl Street in the centre of Dundalk. It now operates from 16b Williamsons Mall, a short distance from its original location.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.