hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rav Ena
Rav Ena (Hebrew: רב עינא, read as Rav Ena) was a Jewish Savora sage of the second generation of the Savora era. He headed the Sura academy and was a counterpart of R. Simuna, head of the Yeshiva in Pumbedita. According to the Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon, R. Ena and R. Simuna added-on anonymous annotations to the Babylonian Talmud, during the process of the Savora arrangement of the Talmud, that included adding additional clarification and Halkhaic rulings. Some scholars identify him with Rav Giza  (רב גיזא). He died in year 540 AD (שנת ד'ש'; Hebrew calendar).

Hakha
Hakha (Burmese: ဟားခါးမြို့, MLCTS: ha: hka: mrui., pronounced [hákʰá mjo̰]; formerly rendered Haka, Hakha-Chin: Halkha) is the capital of Chin State in Myanmar.

Hakha is located in the northeast of Chin State, with a total area of about 12.50 square miles (32.4 km2). The city of Hakha is located on a plateau at more than 1,867 metres (6,125 ft) above sea level. Although relatively small in area, it is the largest city of Chin State, as well as its capital city. It is estimated that Hakha has enough land and full capacity to extend to as ten times its current township area.
Stephansplatz, Hamburg
Stephansplatz (Stephan Square) is a square in Neustadt quarter, Hamburg, Germany. It is located at the junction of the streets of Dammtordamm, Esplanade, Dammtorstraße, and Gorch-Fock-Wall, south of Dammtor area and Dammtor station. The square is named after German Empire post director Heinrich von Stephan, who is known for his role in the founding of the Universal Postal Union. The square and a small part of the streets of Dammtordamm and Dammtorstraße had been renamed in the course of the inauguration of the historical building of Alte Oberpostdirektion (Old Hamburg Post Office Administration) at the square.

Heinrich von Stephan
Ernst Heinrich Wilhelm von Stephan (born Heinrich Stephan, January 7, 1831 – April 8, 1897) was a general post director for the German Empire who reorganized the German postal service. He was integral in the founding of the Universal Postal Union in 1874, and in 1877 introduced the telephone to Germany.
Mohamed Bahari
Mohamed Bahari (born June 29, 1976, in Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria) is a boxer from Algeria.

Bahari won the bronze medal in the middleweight division (71–75 kg) at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He shared the podium with US boxer Rhoshii Wells.

African Amateur Boxing Championships
The African Amateur Boxing Championships is the premier pan-continental annual competition for amateur boxing in Africa.  The championships are organised by the continent's governing body, the African Boxing Union (ABU). The first edition of the tournament took place in 1962.
1999 Galtür avalanche
The Galtür avalanche occurred on 23 February 1999 in the Alpine village of Galtür, Austria. At 50 m (160 ft) high and traveling at 290 km/h (180 mph), the powder avalanche overturned cars, destroyed buildings and buried 57 people. By the time rescue crews managed to arrive, 31 people had died. It was considered the worst Alpine avalanche in 40 years. Three major weather systems originating from the Atlantic accounted for large snowfalls totaling around four meters in the area. Freeze-thaw conditions created a weak layer on top of an existing snow pack; further snow was then deposited on top. This, coupled with high wind speeds, created large snow drifts and caused roughly 170,000 tons of snow to be deposited.

Snowdrift
A snowdrift is a deposit of snow sculpted by wind into a mound during a snowstorm. Snowdrifts resemble sand dunes and are formed in a similar manner, namely, by wind moving light snow and depositing it when the wind has virtually stopped, usually against a stationary object. Snow normally crests and slopes off toward the surface on the windward side of a large object. On the leeward side, areas near the object are a bit lower than surrounding areas but are generally flatter.

The impact of snowdrifts on transportation can be more significant than the snowfall itself, such as in the US during the Great Blizzard of 1978. Snowdrifts are usually found at or on roads, as the crest of the roadbed or the furrows along the road create the disruption to the wind needed to shed its carried snow. Snow fences may be employed on the windward side of the road to intentionally create a drift before the snow-laden wind reaches the road.
Suman Mahato
Suman Mahato (born 4 December 1964) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. A member of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) political party, she represented the constituency of Jamshedpur in the eastern state of Jharkhand.

She became MP in the by-elections after her husband and sitting MP Sunil Kumar Mahato was assassinated by suspected Maoist rebels near Ghatsila in East Singhbhum district on 4 March 2007 while he was attending a local football match organised to mark the Hindu festival of Holi. She served in parliament from 2007 to 2009.

Singhbhum district
Singhbhum  was a district of India during the British Raj, part of the Chota Nagpur Division of the Bengal Presidency. It was located in the present-day Indian state of Jharkhand. Chaibasa was the district headquarters. Located in the southern limit of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, Singhbhum included the Kolhan estate located in its southeastern part. The district has been segmented into two smaller districts, East Singhbhum and West Singhbhum.
SS Empire Baffin
Empire Baffin was a 6,978 ton cargo ship which was built by Lithgows Ltd, Port Glasgow in 1941 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). She was commissioned in 1943 as HMS Sancroft, being converted into a cable laying ship for Operation Pluto. She was returned to the MoWT in 1946 and subsequently sold and renamed Clintonia. A final change of ownership in 1960 saw her renamed Aspis and she was scrapped in 1963.

Lithgows
Lithgows Limited is a family-owned Scottish company that had a long involvement in shipbuilding, based in Kingston, Port Glasgow, on the River Clyde in Scotland. It has a continued involvement in marine resources.
Gheorghe Păun
Gheorghe Păun (Romanian: [ˈɡe̯orɡe pəˈun]; born December 6, 1950, in Cicănești, Argeș County) is a computer scientist from Romania, prominent for work on membrane computing and the P system.

Păun studied mathematics at the University of Bucharest, obtaining an MSc. in 1974 and a PhD in 1977 under the direction of Solomon Marcus. He has been a researcher at the Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy since 1990. Păun was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2006, and a titular member of the Romanian Academy in 2012. He supervised the PhD thesis of 5 students. In 2016, he was awarded the title of Doctor Honoris Causa Scientiarum.

University of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) (Romanian: Universitatea din București) is a public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on 4 July 1864 (1864-07-04) by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the Universitaria Consortium (a group of elite Romanian universities).

The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an advanced research and education university by the Ministry of Education.
Five Million Money Drop
Five Million Money Drop is a Sri Lankan game show airing on Sirasa TV. It is based on the US series Million Dollar Money Drop and the original UK flagship series The Million Pound Drop. The show premiered on 13 August 2022 and concluded its first season on 5 February 2023. The second season premiered on 2 September 2023, followed by a third season on 4 January 2025. The fourth season, featuring updated gameplay mechanics, premiered on 24 January 2026.

Sirasa TV
Sirasa TV is a digital, terrestrial television network in Sri Lanka. It is the sister channel of 'TV 1' (Previously MTV Channel and MTV Sports) which was established in 1992 and Shakthi TV. Sirasa TV was started in 1998 as a sister to its radio network Sirasa FM. Sirasa TV is owned by the Sri Lankan business conglomerate, Capital Maharaja Group together with Gregson Holdings Ltd. Since then, another multi-national company - International Media Management - has also invested in MTV. It broadcasts its programs mainly in Sinhala.
Comedians (1954 film)
Comedians (Spanish: Cómicos) is a 1954 Spanish drama film directed by Juan Antonio Bardem. It was coproduced with Argentina in the context of its classical-industrial period, but it is a Spanish film about Spaniards actors on stage. Bardem confessed to being inspired by All About Eve. The film was entered into the 1954 Cannes Film Festival.

Bardem remade Cómicos as a musical in 1971, Variety starring Sara Montiel.

Juan Antonio Bardem
Juan Antonio Bardem Muñoz (2 June 1922 – 30 October 2002) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter, born in Madrid. Bardem was best known for Muerte de un ciclista (1955) which won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, and El puente (1977) which won the Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1979 film Seven Days in January won the Golden Prize at the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

In 1953, he and Luis García Berlanga founded a film magazine, Objetivo, which existed until 1956. He was a member of the Communist Party.

During the Franco dictatorship, Bardem was imprisoned by the Spanish State due to the anti-fascist nature of his films.

In 1981, he was a member of the jury at the 12th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1993, he was a member of the jury at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival.  Bardem was the father of director Miguel Bardem and uncle of actor Javier Bardem. Bardem died in Madrid in 2002, at age 80.
Scott Newhard
Scott D. Newhard (born August 23, 1951) is an American politician.

Newhard was born in Anamosa, Iowa and graduated from Anamosa Community High School in 1969. He served in the Iowa National Guard and went to Iowa Wesleyan University. Newhard served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was a Democrat.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Amos Msekandiana
Amos Msekandiana is a Malawian paediatrician, paediatric-endocrinologist and film actor. He currently serves as Hospital Director of Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe. He also holds a leadership role at Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation Malawi (Baylor Malawi), where he has acted as medical director. He earned a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery from the College of Medicine, University of Malawi, later obtaining a Master of Medicine in Paediatric Medicine and a Postgraduate Diploma in Tropical Medicine.

He is also a Fellow of the Pediatric Endocrinology Training Center for Africa (PECTA), reflecting advanced training in paediatric endocrinology.

University of Malawi
The University of Malawi (UNIMA; Chichewa: Yunivesite ya Malaŵi) is a public university established in 1965 and until 4 May 2021, when the university underwent a delinking, was composed of four constituent colleges located in Zomba, Blantyre, and Lilongwe. Of the four colleges, the largest is Chancellor College in Zomba (now the University of Malawi under Vice-Chancellor Professor Samson Sajidu). It is part of the Malawian government educational system. The last Vice-Chancellor was Professor John Kalenga Saka.
Pašalić
Pašalić (Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [paʃǎliːtɕ]) is a Bosnian and Croatian surname. It originated from the Ottoman Turkish title "Pasha," denoting a descendant or son of a high-ranking Ottoman official. The Slavic suffix "-ić" (son of), indicating a "son of a Pasha”. It is a relatively rare surname that originated in Western Bosnia, old documents mention this surname as one of the most notable branches of Badanjković-Badnjević aristocratic family from Western Bosnia.                          Notable people with the surname include:

Arif Pašalić (1943–1998), Bosnian military officer

Drago Pašalić (born 1984), Croatian basketball player

Ivić Pašalić (born 1960), Croatian politician

Marco Pašalić (born 2000), German-born Croatian footballer

Mario Pašalić (born 1995), Croatian footballer

Muhamed Pašalić (born 1987), Bosnian basketballer

Tatjana Pašalić (born 1984), Croatian presenter

Muhamed Pašalić
Muhamed Pašalić (born 27 August 1987) is a Bosnian professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach for Bosna of the Bosnian League and the ABA League. As a player, he represented the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team internationally.
Eli Balas
Eli Balas is an Israeli professional poker player, based in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Balas has won three bracelets at the World Series of Poker (WSOP). He has also finished 2nd in 5 WSOP preliminary events.

Balas finished on the television bubble, which was seventh place, for the inaugural World Poker Tour (WPT) event and made two final tables of the Ultimate Poker Challenge.

As of 2008, his total live tournament winnings exceed $1,300,000. His 24 cashes at the WSOP account for $1,148,041 of those winnings.

Ultimate Poker Challenge
The Ultimate Poker Challenge (UPC) was a series of weekly poker tournaments acting as super-satellites into the series semi-finals.

The first and second seasons are available on NTSC DVD. In the United States, it was a syndicated program.
Ross Newhan
Ross Newhan (born April 5, 1937) is an American former sports writer, best known as a columnist for the Long Beach Press-Telegram and baseball writer for the Los Angeles Times. He began his career in 1961 and retired in 2004.

Newhan garnered the 1997 Associated Press Sports Editors Award for his story on the sale of the Los Angeles Dodgers. In 1998, he was inducted into the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. Newhan was the 2000 recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award, given annually by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA). He co-authored the book  Coaching Baseball Successfully.

His son, David Newhan, is a former Major League Baseball player and coach.

Press-Telegram
The Press-Telegram is a paid daily newspaper published in Long Beach, California. Coverage area for the Press-Telegram includes Long Beach, Lakewood, Signal Hill, Artesia, Bellflower, Cerritos, Compton, Downey, Hawaiian Gardens, Lynwood, Norwalk and Paramount.
Sandra Sabatés
Sandra Sabatés (Granollers, 29 July 1979) is a Spanish journalist and TV presenter.

She studied Audiovisual Communication at Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona. She attended the private Escola Pia in Granollers as a child. She began to work as presenter on L'Hospitalet's local TV channel and later presented the news on TVE Catalunya, and, finally, she presented a sport program on LaSexta. Since January 2012, she has been co-presenting the TV series El Intermedio with Spanish comedian El Gran Wyoming.

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [luspitəˈlɛd də ʎuβɾəˈɣat; ˌlɔs-]; Spanish: Hospitalet de Llobregat), often shortened to L'Hospitalet or just L'H, is a city and municipality in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. It is part of the Barcelona metropolitan area, the Barcelona province, the Barcelonès comarca and of the Barcelona conurbation. With a population of 282,299 as of 2024, it is the 15th-largest city in Spain and the 2nd-largest city in Catalonia.

By population, it is the second largest municipality in Catalonia and the sixteenth in Spain. It is one of the most densely populated cities in the European Union.
Easington, Buckinghamshire
Easington is a hamlet in the civil parish of Chilton, Buckinghamshire, about 3 miles (5 km) north of the Oxfordshire market town of Thame. The hamlet is between the villages of Chilton and Long Crendon and consists of around 30 houses.

The toponym is derived from Old English and evolved through Hesintone, Essintone and Easyngdon before reaching its present form.

Long Crendon
Long Crendon is a village and civil parish in west Buckinghamshire, England, about 3 miles (5 km) west of Haddenham and 2 miles (3 km) north-west of Thame in neighbouring Oxfordshire.
The village has been called Long Crendon only since the English Civil War. The "Long" prefix refers to the length of the village at that time, and was added to differentiate it from nearby Grendon Underwood, which used to be known as "Crendon". This name is Old English and means 'Creoda's Hill' (in 1086 it was listed in the Domesday Book as Crededone).
Uebeschisee
Uebeschisee is a small lake at Uebeschi, in the Upper Gürbetal, near Thun, Switzerland. It is located adjacent to the municipalities of Höfen, Amsoldingen and Uebeschi. The lake has a surface area of 14.2 hectares (35 acres) and a maximum depth of 15 m. Rotmoos-Bach drains it into the larger Amsoldingersee.

Gürbetal
Gürbetal (Gürbe Valley) in Switzerland lies between the towns of Bern and Thun, west of the Aare. It contains the municipality of Seftigen and those that surround it. The valley is named after the river Gürbe, which flows through it. The largest town in the Gürbe Valley is Belp. The Gürbe valley and the Aare valley are separated by the Belpberg hill.

The Gürbe Valley is anywhere from 1 to 2 kilometers wide. The valley floor is flat and is used intensively for agriculture. Flooding in the valley has been controlled by canals to permit drainage of the surrounding area. This permits orchards and vegetable gardens to grow. Cabbage is the principal crop grown on the rich black valley floor. Sauerkraut from the cabbage is made at processing centers in Burgistein and Mühlethurnen. For this reason, the Gürbe valley is often called "Cabbage Land" (in Swiss-German: Chabisland).

46°50′10″N 7°30′23″E﻿ / ﻿46.83611°N 7.50639°E﻿ / 46.83611; 7.50639
Elizabeth Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland
Elizabeth Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland (née Sutherland; 24 May 1765 – 29 January 1839), also suo jure 19th Countess of Sutherland, was a Scottish noblewoman who married into the Leveson-Gower family, best remembered for her involvement in the Highland Clearances.

In 1803, her husband inherited the income from the highly profitable Bridgewater Canal. This greatly increased his wealth, being described by Charles Greville as "the leviathan of wealth", with the belief that he was "the richest man who ever died" (his exact wealth at the time of his death was unknown, though undeniably very large). It is this wealth that allowed Lady Sutherland to embark on the substantial changes to the Sutherland estate that were part of the Highland Clearances.

Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster
Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster KG PC (27 January 1795 – 31 October 1869), styled The Honourable Richard Grosvenor from 1795 to 1802, Viscount Belgrave from 1802 to 1831 and Earl Grosvenor from 1831 to 1845, was an English politician, landowner, property developer and benefactor.
Union Minerals and Alloys Corporation
Union Minerals and Alloys Corporation was a United States corporation that ran a shipbreaking operation.  In the 1960s and 1970s it purchased many surplus U.S. Navy and U.S. Merchant Marine ships from World War II from the United States Maritime Administration for scrapping.

The company scrapped USS Siboney, an escort carrier; the seaplane tender USS Kenneth Whiting; and the aircraft carriers USS Antietam and USS Wasp.

The company purchased the submarine USS Sablefish (SS-303) on 29 July 1971 for scrapping.

United States Maritime Administration
The United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation. MARAD administers financial programs to develop, promote, and operate the U.S. Maritime Service and the U.S. Merchant Marine. In addition, it conducts research and development activities in the maritime field; regulates the transfer of U.S. documented vessels to foreign registries; maintains equipment, shipyard facilities, and reserve fleets of Government-owned ships essential for national defense. MARAD also maintains the National Defense Reserve Fleet (NDRF) as a ready source of ships for use during national emergencies and logistically supporting the military when needed.  MARAD also manages the Ready Reserve Force (RFF) - Naval Reserve officers who can fill in shortages during emergencies and rapidly expand the Navy's capabilities.  And it operates the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point.
2013 (song)
"2013" is a song by the band Primal Scream. It was released as a single on 25 March 2013 as the first single from the band's tenth album, More Light. Produced by David Holmes, the title of the song is a nod towards The Stooges' habit of naming tracks after their year of composition ("1969" in The Stooges and "1970" from Fun House). The music video directed by Rei Nadal features scenes of taxidermy, sequin gimp masks, bondage, and psychiatric patients.

Fun House (The Stooges album)
Fun House is the second studio album by American rock band the Stooges. It was released on July 7, 1970, by Elektra Records. Though initially commercially unsuccessful, Fun House has since developed a strong cult following. Like its predecessor (1969's The Stooges) and successor (1973's Raw Power), it is considered an integral work in the development of punk rock.
Metals and Engineering Corporation
METEC (acronym for Metals and Engineering Corporation) is an Ethiopian arms and machinery industry founded in 2010. It is the state largest military industrial complex, responsible for the production of military equipment and civilian products. METEC works with foreign companies such as Alstom from France, and Spire Corporation from America.

Military–industrial complex
The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind the relationship between the military and the defense corporations is that both sides benefit—one side from obtaining weapons, and the other from being paid to supply them.

The term is most often used in reference to the system behind the armed forces of the United States, where the relationship is most prevalent due to close links among defense contractors, the Department of Defense, and politicians. The expression gained popularity after a warning of the relationship's harmful effects, in the farewell address of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1961. The term has also been used in relation to Russia, especially since its 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Mgban massacre
On April 7, 2023, unknown attackers suspected to be Fulani herdsmen attacked an IDP camp in Mgban, Guma LGA, Benue State, Nigeria, killing 43 people. The massacre occurred on the same day as the Umogidi massacre, where Fulani herdsmen attacked funeralgoers also in Benue.

Fulani herdsmen
Fulani herdsmen or Fulani pastoralists are nomadic or semi-nomadic Fula people whose primary occupation is raising livestock. The Fulani herdsmen are largely located in the Sahel and semi-arid parts of West Africa, but due to relatively recent changes in climate patterns, many herdsmen have moved further south into the savannah and tropical forest belt of West Africa. The herdsmen are found in countries such as Nigeria, Niger, Senegal, Guinea, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, and Cameroon. In Senegal, they inhabit northeastern Ferlo and the southeastern part of the country. In some of these countries the Fula constitute a minority group.