hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ASPIRA Association
The ASPIRA Association is an American nonprofit organization whose mission is to "empower the Latino community through advocacy and the education and leadership development of its youth". ASPIRA's national office is in Washington, D.C., and it has affiliates in Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Puerto Rico. It is one of the largest national Latino nonprofit organizations in the United States.

Former ASPIRA club members, or ASPIRANTES, as they are known, include ACLU's Anthony Romero, former Bronx Borough President and New York City democratic mayoral nominee Fernando Ferrer, Illinois politician Billy Ocasio and actor Jimmy Smits.

Fernando Ferrer
Fernando James Ferrer (born April 30, 1950) is an American politician who was the borough president of The Bronx from 1987 to 2001. Ferrer was a candidate for mayor of New York City in 1997 and 2001 and was the Democratic Party nominee for mayor in 2005, when he was defeated by Michael Bloomberg. Ferrer served on the New York City Council in the 1980s and has served as chairman and vice chairman of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
RnaG
RnaG is a small regulatory non-coding RNA encoded by the virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri, a Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that causes human bacillary dysentery. It is a first regulatory RNA characterised in S. flexneri. The RNA is 450 nucleotides long (which makes it one of the largest regulatory sRNAs) and it contains a region with specific secondary structure that interacts with icsA (virG) mRNA and forms a transcription terminator.  Acting as antisense, RnaG is transcribed from the complementary strand of its target, icsA mRNA.
The activity of the incA protein is crucial for spreading of the bacterial pathogen in the host cells.

Bacillary dysentery
Bacillary dysentery is a type of dysentery, and is a severe form of shigellosis. It is associated with species of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. The term is usually restricted to Shigella infections.

Shigellosis is caused by one of several types of Shigella bacteria. Three species are associated with bacillary dysentery: Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae. A study in China indicated that Shigella flexneri 2a  was the most common serotype.

Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella enterica (serovar Typhimurium) has also been described as a cause of bacillary dysentery, though this definition is less common. It is sometimes listed as an explicit differential diagnosis of bacillary dysentery, as opposed to a cause.

Bacillary dysentery should not be confused with diarrhea caused by other bacterial infections. One characteristic of bacillary dysentery is blood in stool, which is the result of invasion of the mucosa by the pathogen.
Kahite, Tennessee
Kahite is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monroe County, Tennessee, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. its population was 834.

It is in the northern part of the county and is bordered on three sides by Tellico Reservoir: Corntassel Branch to the south, Fourmile Creek to the north, and the main stem of the Tellico River to the east. To the north, across Fourmile Creek, is the town of Vonore.

Vonore, Tennessee
Vonore is a town in Monroe County and Blount County, Tennessee, in the southeastern portion of the state. The population was 1,574 as of the 2020 census. The city hall, library, community center, police department, and fire department are located on Church Street.
Pabradė forced labour camp
Pabradė forced labour camp (Lithuanian: Pabradės priverčiamojo darbo stovykla) was a forced labour camp established by the authoritarian regime of President Antanas Smetona in 1939 in the former Polish military barracks near Pabradė in the present-day Švenčionys District Municipality, Lithuania. The camp was closed after the Soviet occupation of Lithuania in June 1940.

Pabradė
Pabradė (pronunciationⓘ; Polish: Podbrodzie; Yiddish: פּאָדבראָדז, romanized: Podbrodz) is a city in eastern Lithuania, in Švenčionys district municipality, on the Žeimena river, 38 km south-west of Švenčionys.

Pabradė Training Area, a major military facility, is located approximately 4 km north of the city.
Protmušis
Protmušis (lit. 'Mindfight') is a team pub quiz-type game that takes place in Vilnius, Lithuania. The organisers and participants of Protmušis are mainly students from various universities in Vilnius. All major universities of Vilnius are represented in Protmušis (including all the faculties of Vilnius University, some faculties of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius Academy of Fine Arts, ISM University of Management and Economics and the Vilnius Pedagogical University) as well as the Kaunas University of Technology and Vytautas Magnus University of Kaunas and the Stockholm School of Economics in Riga; in addition, some people who had already graduated and those who are not yet studying in universities take or were taking part in the competition as well. Protmušis was organized for the first time in 1997. About 250 people (38 teams) have chosen to participate in the twelfth season of Protmušis, which started in March 2009.

Vytautas Magnus University Education Academy
Vytautas Magnus University Education Academy (Lithuanian: Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto Švietimo akademija or VDU ŠA) – an academical unit of Vytautas Magnus University, which specialized in preparing school teachers and other educators. Located in Vilnius and Kaunas, Lithuania.
Clare McIntyre
Lindsay Clare McIntyre (21 July 1952 – 27 November 2009) was a British playwright and actress. She was among the feminist playwrights who contributed to the deconstruction of traditional forms of female representation. She debuted on the British feminist theatre scene as an actress in the 1970s, and emerged as a writer with allegiance to feminist issues a decade later.

A Fish Called Wanda
A Fish Called Wanda is a 1988 heist comedy film directed by Charles Crichton and written by John Cleese from a story conceived by Cleese and Crichton. It stars Cleese, Jamie Lee Curtis, Kevin Kline, and Michael Palin. The film follows a gang of diamond thieves who double-cross one another to recover stolen diamonds hidden by their jailed leader. His barrister becomes a central figure – and jealousies rage – as femme fatale Wanda seduces him to locate the loot.

A Fish Called Wanda grossed over $188 million worldwide, becoming the seventh-highest-grossing film of 1988. At the 61st Academy Awards, it was nominated for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay and won for Best Supporting Actor for Kline. A spiritual sequel, Fierce Creatures, was released in 1997. The British Film Institute ranked A Fish Called Wanda the 39th-greatest British film of the 20th century.
David Griggs (American football)
David Wesley Griggs (February 5, 1967 – June 19, 1995) was an American professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for six seasons. He played college football for the Virginia Cavaliers. Griggs was selected by the New Orleans Saints in the seventh round of the 1989 NFL draft. He started in Super Bowl XXIX for the San Diego Chargers. He compiled 14.5 sacks, one interception, and four fumble recoveries in his NFL career.

Griggs grew up in Delair in Pennsauken Township, New Jersey, where he attended and played high school football for Pennsauken High School.

He is the younger brother of former NFL tight end, Billy Griggs.

Griggs died at the age of 28 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1995, when his speeding car slid off an expressway ramp from Florida's Turnpike and collided with a sign pole.

Florida's Turnpike
Florida's Turnpike, designated as unsigned State Road 91 (SR 91), is a controlled-access toll road in the U.S. state of Florida, maintained by Florida's Turnpike Enterprise (FTE). Spanning approximately 309 miles (497 km) along a northwest–southeast axis, the turnpike is in two sections. The SR 91 mainline runs roughly 265 miles (426 km) from its southern terminus at an interchange with Interstate 95 (I-95) in Miami Gardens to an interchange with I-75 in Wildwood at its northern terminus. The Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike (abbreviated HEFT and designated as unsigned SR 821) continues from the southern end of the mainline for another 48 miles (77 km) to US Highway 1 (US 1) in Florida City. The slogan for the road is "The Less Stressway". The mainline opened in stages between 1957 and 1964, while the extension was completed in 1974. The turnpike runs through Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach, where it parallels I-95, and through Orlando, where it crosses I-4.
Château Lafleur
Château Lafleur (French pronunciation: [ʃato laflœʁ]) is a Bordeaux wine from the appellation Pomerol. The winery is located on the Right Bank of the Bordeaux wine region, in the commune of Pomerol in the department Gironde. As with all wine produced in this appellation, Château Lafleur is unclassified, but the estate is estimated among the great growths of the region. The wine is widely cited as one of the world's finest, rarest, and most expensive ones.

Since 1984 the estate has also produced a second wine named Les Pensées de Lafleur, which has been termed an "insider's secret".

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Quinoxaline
A quinoxaline, also called a benzopyrazine, in organic chemistry, is a heterocyclic compound containing a ring complex made up of a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring. It is isomeric with other naphthyridines including quinazoline, phthalazine and cinnoline. It is a colorless oil that melts just above room temperature. Although quinoxaline itself is mainly of academic interest, quinoxaline derivatives are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals (such as varenicline), and antibiotics such as olaquindox, carbadox, echinomycin, levomycin and actinoleutin.

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Bmon
bmon is a free and open-source monitoring and debugging tool to monitor bandwidth and capture and display networking-related statistics. It features various output methods including an interactive curses user interface and programmable text output for scripting. bmon allows the user to see:

Network bandwidth real-time visualization

Total amount of transmitted data

CRC errors

Collisions

ICMPv6 traffic packets

Cyclic redundancy check
A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to digital data. Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents. On retrieval, the calculation is repeated and, in the event the check values do not match, corrective action can be taken against data corruption. CRCs can be used for error correction (see bitfilters).

CRCs are so called because the check (data verification) value is a redundancy (it expands the message without adding information) and the algorithm is based on cyclic codes. CRCs are popular because they are simple to implement in binary hardware, easy to analyze mathematically, and particularly good at detecting common errors caused by noise in transmission channels.  Because the check value has a fixed length, the function that generates it is occasionally used as a hash function.
Rakhi Bandhan
Rakhi Bandhan (Bengali: রাখি বন্ধন) is a Bengali television soap opera that premiered on 28 November 2016 and aired on Star Jalsha. Sayanta Modak, Sraboni Bhunia, and Subhrojit Saha play the lead roles. The show was dubbed in Tamil as Minmini Pookal, airing on Vijay Super. The show revolved round the unique bonding between the young actors Krittika and Soham, who played Rakhi and Bandhan respectively. Krittika was applauded for her comic timing, dialogue delivery and expressions. The show took a leap of 12 years in September 2018 and the young actors were replaced by Subhrajit and Srabani as Bandhan and Rakhi respectively. The show was produced by Blues Productions. The show went off air on 3 February after airing 787 episodes and was replaced by Mahapeeth Tarapeeth.

Blues Productions
Blues Productions is an Indian Bengali-language television serial and film production company based in Kolkata, incorporated on 2006. Blues Productions Pvt Ltd has 2 Creative Directors/Key Management Personnel - Snehasish Chakraborty and Debasish Chakraborty.
Si Kefa
Si Kefa (1296–1369; Chinese: 思可法; Tai Nüa: ᥔᥫᥴ ᥑᥣᥢᥱ ᥜᥣᥳ; Shan: သိူဝ်ၶၢၼ်ႇၾႃႉ), also known as Hsö Hkan Hpa or Thohanbwa, was the ruler of Möng Mao from 1335 to 1369. He sacked the Burmese kingdoms of Sagaing and Pinya in 1364.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
Nepal–United States relations
The United States established official relations with Nepal in 1947 and opened its Kathmandu embassy in 1959. Relations between the two countries have always been friendly. U.S. policy objectives toward Nepal center on helping Nepal build a "peaceful, prosperous, and democratic society."

According to the 2012 U.S. Global Leadership Report, 41% of Nepalese people approve of U.S. leadership, with 12% disapproving and 47% uncertain. As of 2012, Nepalese students form the 11th largest group of international students studying in the United States, representing 1.3% of all foreigners pursuing higher education in America.

Millennium Challenge Corporation
The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) is a bilateral United States foreign aid agency established by the U.S. Congress in 2004. It is an independent agency separate from the State Department and USAID. It provides grants to countries that have been determined to have good economic policies and potential for economic growth. The country qualification process is objective, involving scores provided by third parties in 20 different areas. An eligible country must apply for a grant with a specific project in mind.

According to the OECD, the United States’ total official development assistance (ODA) (USD 55.3 billion, preliminary data) increased in 2022, mainly due to support to Ukraine, as well as increased costs for in-donor refugees from Afghanistan. ODA represented 0.22% of gross national income (GNI).
Mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
The mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough is a combined authority mayor, first elected in May 2017. The mayor is leader of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority.

This office was created under the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016 which allowed for the creation of 'Metro mayors' to lead combined authorities in England.

The mayor is a member of the Mayoral Council for England and the Council of the Nations and Regions.

Council of the Nations and Regions
The Council of the Nations and Regions (Welsh: Cyngor y Cenhedloedd a’r Rhanbarthau) is a quasi-intergovernmental political body in the United Kingdom.

The council's members are the holders of the offices of prime minister of the United Kingdom, first minister of Scotland, first minister of Wales, first and deputy first minister of Northern Ireland, mayor of London, and the 13 English combined authority mayoralties.

The council is separate from the Prime Minister and Heads of Devolved Governments Council, which brings together only the heads of the UK's central and devolved governments, or from the British-Irish Council, which brings together the heads of the UK's central and devolved governments, the governments of the Crown dependencies, and the government of the Republic of Ireland.
Júnior Tércio
José Ivanildo de Moura Júnior (born 14 April 1986), better known as Júnior Tércio, is a Brazilian politician serving as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Pernambuco since 2023. He is married to Clarissa Tércio.

Legislative Assembly of Pernambuco
8°3′30″S 34°52′47″W﻿ / ﻿8.05833°S 34.87972°W﻿ / -8.05833; -34.87972

The Legislative Assembly of Pernambuco (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa de Pernambuco, Alepe) is the unicameral legislature of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. It has 49 state deputies elected by proportional representation. The most recent election was in 2018, with the Brazilian Socialist Party leading the coalition government.
Yogita Bali
Yogita Bali (born 8 May 1987) is an Indian female hockey player from Amritsar who played for India women's national field hockey team as a goal keeper. She represented India at 16th Asian Games and FIH Olympic and was the former coach for senior women's hockey team during 2017-2018. She competed in 2nd Asian Champions Trophy in Ordos, China, and the FIH Champions League in Dublin, Ireland. Bali is a three time holder of Best Player of the Tournament award in the All India Railway Women Hockey Championship.

India women's national field hockey team
The Indian women's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey, and is governed by Hockey India. They are ranked 10th in the world and the second best team in Asia. They have won the gold at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and the 1982 Asian Games. They have also won the Asia Cup twice, in 2004 and 2017, and the Asian Champions Trophy thrice, in 2016, 2023 and 2024.
Plug-in electric vehicles in the United Kingdom
The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the United Kingdom is actively supported by the British government through the plug-in car and van grants schemes and other incentives.

About 745,000 light-duty plug-in electric vehicles had been registered in the UK up until December 2021, consisting of 395,000 all-electric vehicles and 350,000 plug-in hybrids. Until 2019, the UK had the second largest European stock of light-duty plug-in vehicles in use after Norway. As of early 2025, roughly a quarter of overall sales were battery electric.

European emission standards
The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards that regulate pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and European Economic Area member states and the United Kingdom, and ships in European territorial waters. These standards target air pollution from exhaust gases, brake dust, and tyre rubber pollution, and are defined through a series of European Union directives that progressively introduce stricter limits to reduce environmental impact.

Euro 7, agreed in 2024 and due to come into force in 2026, includes non-exhaust emissions such as particulates from tyres and brakes. Until 2030 fossil fueled vehicles are allowed to have dirtier brakes than electric vehicles.: 5
2006 Vuelta a Asturias
The 2006 Vuelta a Asturias was the 50th edition of the Vuelta a Asturias road cycling stage race, which was held from 16 June to 20 June 2006. The race started and finished in Oviedo. The race was won by Óscar Sevilla of the T-Mobile Team team.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Mingchi National Forest Recreation Area
Mingchi National Forest Recreation Area (traditional Chinese: 明池國家森林遊樂區; simplified Chinese: 明池国家森林游乐区; pinyin: Míngchí Guójiā Sēnlín Yóulè Qū) is a forest located in Datong Township, Yilan County, Taiwan. It is also named as the Pearl of the North Cross-Island Highway.

Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.
Persecution of Jews
The persecution of Jews is a major component of Jewish history, and has prompted shifting waves of refugees and the formation of diaspora communities around the world. The earliest major event was in 597 BCE, when the Neo-Babylonian Empire conquered the Kingdom of Judah and then persecuted and exiled its Jewish subjects. Antisemitism has been widespread across many regions of the world and practiced by many different empires, governments, and adherents of other religions.

Jews have been commonly used as scapegoats for tragedies and disasters such as in the Black Death persecutions, the 1066 Granada massacre, the Massacre of 1391 in Spain, the many pogroms in the Russian Empire, and the ideology of Nazism, which led to the Holocaust, the systematic murder of six million Jews during World War II.

Scapegoating
Scapegoating, sometimes called playing the blame game, is the practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment. Scapegoating may be conducted by individuals against individuals (e.g., "he did it, not me!"), individuals against groups (e.g., "I couldn't see anything because of all the tall people"), groups against individuals (e.g., "He was the reason our team didn't win"), and groups against groups.

A scapegoat may be an adult, child, sibling, employee, or peer, or it may be an ethnic, political or religious group, or a country. A whipping boy, identified patient, or fall guy are forms of scapegoat.

Scapegoating is distinct from buck passing. While scapegoating mainly centers around blame, buck passing revolves around passing responsibility between individuals. Instead of being a negatively cornered target, an individual involved in buck passing actively partakes in the act of shifting responsibility and may be able to deflect blame.