hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1978 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Polish-born American Jewish writer Isaac Bashevis Singer (1902–1991) "for his impassioned narrative art which, with roots in a Polish-Jewish cultural tradition, brings universal human conditions to life." He wrote prolifically in Yiddish and later translated his own works into English with the help of editors and collaborators.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Hybrid electric aircraft
A hybrid electric aircraft is an aircraft with a hybrid electric powertrain. As the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is much lower than aviation fuel, a hybrid electric powertrain may effectively increase flight range compared to pure electric aircraft.
By May 2018, there were over 30 hybrid electric aircraft projects, and short-haul hybrid-electric airliners were envisioned from 2032. Sometimes flight is all electric with fuel for backup.

Aviation fuel
Aviation fuels are either derived from petroleum or are blends of petroleum and synthetic fuels, and are used to power aircraft. These fuels have more stringent requirements than those used for ground-based applications, such as heating or road transportation. They also contain additives designed to enhance or preserve specific properties that are important for performance and handling. Most aviation fuels are kerosene-based—such as JP-8 and Jet A-1—and are used in gas turbine-powered aircraft. Piston-engined aircraft typically use leaded gasoline, while those equipped with diesel engines may use jet fuel (kerosene). As of 2012, all U.S. Air Force aircraft had been certified to operate on a 50-50 blend of kerosene and synthetic fuel derived from coal or natural gas, as part of an initiative to stabilize fuel costs.
Nestane
Nestane (Ancient Greek: Νεστάνη) was a town of ancient Arcadia. Nestane was the place where Philip II of Macedonia camped on an expedition, in the year 338 BCE, when he tried to attract the alliance of the Arcadians to separate them from the other Greeks. It was located on the side of a hill in a plain called "Argon Pedion" (untilled plain), and in the time of Pausanias (2nd century) the ruins of the town as well as those of Philip's tent were shown. Near the town there was a sanctuary of Demeter, where the inhabitants of Mantineia celebrated an annual feast.

Its site is associated with the modern village of Nestani. In this village there is a fountain called “Philip's Fountain” (Greek:  Φιλίππειος Κρήνη).

Arcadia (region)
Arcadia (/ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/; Greek: Ἀρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía) is a region in the central Peloponnese, Greece. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas, and in Greek mythology it was the home of the gods Hermes and Pan. In European Renaissance arts, Arcadia was celebrated as an unspoiled, harmonious wilderness; as such, it was referenced in popular culture.

The modern regional unit of the same name more or less overlaps with the historical region, but is slightly larger.
Ascension Convent
Ascension Convent, known as the Starodevichy Convent or Old Maidens' Convent until 1817 (Russian: Вознесенский монастырь, romanized: Voznesensky monastyr), was a  Russian Orthodox nunnery in the Moscow Kremlin which contained the burials of grand princesses, tsarinas, and other noble ladies from the Muscovite royal court. It was destroyed in 1929 on the orders of Joseph Stalin.

Tsarina
Tsarina or tsaritsa (also spelled csarina or csaricsa, tzarina or tzaritza, or czarina or czaricza; Cyrillic: царица) is the title of a female autocratic ruler (monarch) of Bulgaria, Serbia, and Russia, or the title of a tsar's wife.  The English spelling is derived from the German czarin or zarin, in the same way as the French tsarine / czarine, and the Spanish and Italian czarina / zarina. 
(A tsar's daughter is a tsarevna.)

"Tsarina" or "tsaritsa" was the title of the female supreme ruler in the following states:

Bulgaria: in 913–1018, in 1185–1422 and in 1908–1946

Serbia: in 1346–1371

Russia: officially from about 1547 until 1721, unofficially in 1721–1917 (officially "Empresses").
Leonardus
Leonardus is an extinct mammal genus from the Late Cretaceous (Late Santonian to Maastrichtian) of South America. It is a meridiolestidan, closely related to the also Late Cretaceous Cronopio and the Miocene Necrolestes.

Santonian
The Santonian is an age in the geologic timescale or a chronostratigraphic stage. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 85.7 ± 0.2 mya (million years ago) and 83.6 ± 0.2 mya. The Santonian is preceded by the Coniacian and is followed by the Campanian.
Western Christian High School (Hull, Iowa)
Western Christian High School (commonly Western Christian, WCHS, or Western) is a private, coeducational, Calvinist private secondary school in Hull, Iowa, United States, serving students in grades 9–12.  Western Christian High School  is a member of Christian Schools International (CSI). It is one of two private high schools in Hull, along with Trinity Christian High School.

Christian Schools International
Christian Schools International (CSI) is a nonprofit education organization and was established in 1920. Christian Schools International provides services to Christian schools in accreditation, curriculum and instruction, employee benefits (insurance and retirement plans), and leadership development. They also have a published Bible curriculum for schools seeking Bible-based textbooks for their classrooms.

Christian Schools International's mission is to advance education and to support schools in their task of teaching students to know God and his world and to glorify him through obedient service.

The organization includes nearly 500 Christian schools in the United States, Canada, and other countries, which employ approximately 10,000 teachers and enroll 100,000 students.
Harriet Elliott
Harriet Wiseman Elliott was born in Carbondale, Illinois, on July 10, 1884. She attended Park College in Parkville, Missouri, received a bachelor's degree from Hanover College in Indiana, and a master's degree from Columbia University in New York. Elliott joined the faculty of the North Carolina State Normal and Industrial College (now The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) in 1913, as a teacher of political science. In 1935 she became Dean of Women at the school.

Hanover College
Hanover College is a private college in Hanover, Indiana, United States, affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA). Founded in 1827 by Reverend John Finley Crowe, it is Indiana's oldest private college. The Hanover athletic teams participate in the NCAA Division III as a member of the Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference. Alumni are known as Hanoverians.
Velvet (given name)
Velvet is an English primarily feminine given name derived from the name for the fabric.

A young Elizabeth Taylor played the horse-crazy 12-year-old Velvet Brown in the 1944 film National Velvet based on the 1935 book by Enid Bagnold. An American television series based on the book and movie aired between 1960 and 1962.

National Velvet (film)
National Velvet is a 1944 American Technicolor sports film directed by Clarence Brown and based on the 1935 novel of the same name by Enid Bagnold, about a young English girl who rides a racehorse. It stars  Mickey Rooney,  Donald Crisp, Angela Lansbury, Anne Revere, Reginald Owen, and an adolescent Elizabeth Taylor.

In 2003, National Velvet was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant." In 2006, the film was ranked 24th on the American Film Institute's list of most inspirational movies.
Quinahue
Quinahue is a village located in the Chilean commune of Santa Cruz, Colchagua province. It used to be an independent commune, until it was annexed to Santa Cruz in 1927, by the Decree given by President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo.

Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (Latin American Spanish: [ˈkaɾlos iˈβaɲes ðel ˈkampo]; 3 November 1877 – 28 April 1960) was a Chilean Army officer and political figure. He served as president twice, first between 1927 and 1931, and then from 1952 to 1958, serving for 10 years in office.
Dominican Republic–Haiti border
The Dominican Republic–Haiti border is an international border between the Dominican Republic and the Republic of Haiti on the island of Hispaniola. Extending from the Caribbean Sea in the south to the Atlantic Ocean in the north, the 391-kilometre (243 mi) border was agreed upon in the 1929 Dominican–Haitian border treaty.

The island was first formally divided in 1697 as part of the Peace of Ryswick, under which Spain ceded to France the western portion it had seized by force earlier in the century. In 1621, England made an unsuccessful attempt to take over both sides of the island. In the early 20th century, the United States occupied both countries, and made numerous changes to the border. The Dominican Republic comprises approximately the eastern two-thirds of the island and the Republic of Haiti the western third.

Dajabón
Dajabón (Spanish pronunciation: [daxaˈβon]) is a municipality and capital of the Dajabón province in the Dominican Republic, which is located on the northwestern Dominican Republic frontier with Haiti. It is a market town with a population of about 26,000, north of the Cordillera Central mountain range.

Dajabón is located on the Dajabón River. This river is also known as the Massacre River due to an incident that took place in 1728 in which Spanish settlers killed 30 French Buccaneers. The name also became popular after being the site of the Parsley massacre in 1937, when thousands of Haitians were killed by the Dominican Army under the orders of Rafael Trujillo.
Sony E 18-200mm F3.5-6.3 OSS LE
The Sony E 18-200mm F3.5-6.3 OSS LE is a variable maximum aperture superzoom lens for the Sony E-mount, released by Sony on May 17, 2012. The lens was designed to better accommodate users of Sony's E-mount mirrorless cameras in weight and size.

Zoom creep
Zoom creep is a phenomenon in zoom lenses where the angle of view of the lens changes when gravity is allowed to freely act on it. If the lens has a zoom ring, holding it when the lens is held upwards or downwards will prevent this change. In lenses with push-pull zoom, creep is prevented by holding the extending part of the lens. Some lenses, such as the Tamron SP AF 17-50mm f/2.8 XR Di II LD Aspherical [IF] and Canon EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM, have a zoom lock to stop the effect.
Oparypsy
Oparypsy (In Ukrainian: Опарипси or Опаріпси, Polish: Oparypsy) is a village in the Dubno Raion, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine, but was formerly administered within Radyvyliv Raion. For the first time mentioned in connection with the construction of Lutsk Castle, 1545. It lies less than 1 kilometre (1 mi) east of Radyvyliv.

Located near the Slonovka river. One of only two Ukrainian Tesla Superchargers is planned to be opened in the village.

Tesla Supercharger
The Tesla Supercharger network is an electric vehicle fast charging network built and operated by American vehicle manufacturer Tesla, Inc.

The Supercharger network was introduced on September 24, 2012, as the Tesla Model S entered production, with six stations in California. As of November 2025, Tesla operates a network of about 7,900 Supercharger stations with over 75,000 connectors worldwide. The majority are located in three regions: Asia Pacific (3,000 stations), North America (3,000), and Europe (1,500). Superchargers can currently output as much as 500 kilowatts (kW).

Usage is typically billed by the energy consumed during charging. To discourage loitering, idle fees may be charged to customers who remain plugged in after charging has been completed and congestion fees may be charged to customers who remain plugged in after a charge level of 80% is reached.
County of Saint-Pol
The county of Saint-Pol (or Sint-Pols) was a county around the French city of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise (Sint-Pols-aan-de-Ternas) on the border of Artois and Picardy, formerly the county of Ternois.

For a long time the county belonged to Flanders, and then from the early 11th century until the end of the 12th century it remained in the hands of the Campdavaine family, before passing to the Châtillon family then the Luxembourg family.

The best-known count was Louis, the constable of Saint-Pol.  He was extradited to Louis XI of France by Charles the Bold, and in 1475 Louis beheaded him for high treason. In 1493, Saint-Pol was transferred to the Holy Roman Empire by the Treaty of Senlis; in 1537, Emperor Charles V destroyed the capital city. The county was annexed to Artois in 1787 then France in 1790.

House of Flanders

House of Campdavaine

House of Châtillon

House of Luxemburg

Treaty of Senlis
The Treaty of Senlis concerning the Burgundian succession was signed at the French city of Senlis on 23 May 1493, between King Charles VIII of France and Maximilian I, at the time King of the Romans and future Holy Roman Emperor, who acted on behalf of his young son Philip the Handsome, the Habsburg claimant to the Burgundian inheritance. The treaty contained 48 clauses, dealing with various political, dynastic and territorial questions that were previously addressed by the Treaty of Arras (1482).
Victor Popescu Military Hospital
Victor Popescu Military Emergency Clinical Hospital (Romanian: Spitalul Clinic Militar de Urgență „Victor Popescu”) is a public hospital with a military profile in Timișoara, Romania. On 5 February 1847, the first general anesthesia with ether in what is now Romania was carried out here, just 112 days after the first such procedure was performed globally.

It offers specialized medical care to active, reserve, or retired military personnel, war veterans, or veterans from conflict zones, along with their families, from the military units and formations assigned to the counties of Arad, Bihor, Caraș-Severin, and Timiș.

Ether
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group, a single oxygen atom bonded to two separate carbon atoms, each part of an organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl). They have the general formula R−O−R′, where R and R′ represent the organyl groups. Ethers can again be classified into two varieties: if the organyl groups are the same on both sides of the oxygen atom, then it is a simple or symmetrical ether, whereas if they are different, the ethers are called mixed or unsymmetrical ethers. A typical example of the first group is the solvent and anaesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether" (CH3−CH2−O−CH2−CH3). Ethers are common in organic chemistry and even more prevalent in biochemistry, as they are common linkages in carbohydrates and lignin.
26 St James's Place
26 St James's Place is a grade II* listed block of flats in St James's Place, St James's, London W1.

The block of eight flats was built in 1959–60, and designed by Denys Lasdun and Partners, with Alexander Redhouse as the partner in charge, and Graham Lane, Lyall Anderson and Maya Hambly as assistant architects, and Ove Arup and Partners as the engineers. It is built with reinforced concrete clad with Baveno grey granite and white vitreous mosaic on the soffits.

In 1960, it was awarded the RIBA London Architecture Bronze Medal.

It replaced a house built in about 1692, and destroyed by German bombing in World War II. Notable residents included Sir John Harpur, and Lieutenant-General Sir John Cope, who demolished it in 1745 and built a larger house, where he lived until his death in 1760. Later occupants included Richard Rigby, Richard Vernon, Robert Smith, 1st Baron Carrington, who extended the house, and the Dowager Lady Arden.

Arup Group
Arup, officially Arup Group Limited, is a British multinational professional services firm headquartered in London that provides design, engineering, architecture, planning, and advisory services across every aspect of the built environment. It employs about 17,000 people in over 90 offices across 35 countries, and has participated in projects in over 160 countries.

Arup was established in 1946 by Sir Ove Arup as Ove N. Arup Consulting Engineers. Through its involvement in high-profile projects such as the Sydney Opera House, it became well known for undertaking complex and challenging projects. In 1970, Arup stepped down from actively leading the company, setting out the principles which have continued to guide its operation.

Arup's ownership is structured as a trust whose beneficiaries are its employees, past and present, who receive a share of its operating profit each year.
Chittagong City Corporation Literary Award
Chattogram City Corporation Literary Award  is an annual literary award introduced by Chattogram City Corporation This award has been given in February every year since 2014 in recognition of outstanding contributions in various branches of Bengali literature at the national level.

Chattogram City Corporation
Chattogram City Corporation (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম সিটি কর্পোরেশন; abbreviated as CCC) is a local government authority responsible for administering all civic services in Chittagong, the second-largest city of Bangladesh. The CCC government is elected by popular vote every five years. The corporation is headed by a mayor, who oversees a council consisting of 55 councillors representing the city's wards. The functions and powers of the CCC are defined under the provisions of the City Corporation Act, 2009.
Mukkali railway station
Mukkali Railway Station  is a major railway station serving the town of Mukkali in the Kozhikode District of Kerala, India.It lies in the Shoranur–Mangalore section of the Southern Railways.  Trains halting at the station connect the town to prominent cities in India such as Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Chennai, Kollam, Bangalore, Kozhikode, Coimbatore, Mangalore, Mysore  and so forth.

Coimbatore Junction railway station
Coimbatore Junction railway station (station code: CBE) is a railway station located in Coimbatore in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the major rail-head in the city and comes under the jurisdiction of Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is one of the busiest and highest revenue generating stations in India. The station lies on the Jolarpettai–Shoranur main line and has six side platforms.
Caloptilia staintoni
Caloptilia staintoni is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the Canary Islands and Madeira.

The larvae feed on Apollonias barbujana, Laurus azorica, Persea americana and Persea indica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Persea barbujana
Persea barbujana, the Canary laurel or barbusano, is a species of tree in the laurel family, Lauraceae. It is endemic to the Macaronesian islands of Madeira (incl. Porto Santo) and the Canary Islands. It is often placed as the sole species in genus Apollonias. Molecular phylogenic analyses found that the species is nested within the genus Persea, which also includes the Macaronesian endemic Persea indica.

The La Gomera subspecies is distinct and endangered.
Russians in Kazakhstan
There has been a substantial population since the 19th century of Russian Kazakhstanis, or simply Russian Kazakhs, who are ethnic Russians living as citizens in Kazakhstan. Russians formed a plurality of the Kazakh SSR's population for several decades. Although their numbers have been reduced since the breakup of the Soviet Union, they remain prominent in Kazakh society today.

Elena Khrustaleva
Elena Vladimirovna Khrustaleva (Russian: Елена Владимировна Хрусталёва) (born 28 September 1980, in Krasnoyarsk) is a former Russian (until 2001, and since 2002 till 2006), Belarusian (since 2001 till 2002), and Kazakhstani (since 2006) biathlete. She won a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. This was Kazakhstan's 6th medal at the Winter Olympic Games and 45th overall Olympic medal. It is also both Kazakhstan's and Asia's only Olympic medal in biathlon.
Vern Handrahan
James Vernon Handrahan (November 27, 1936 – November 2, 2016) was a Canadian professional baseball pitcher who played for the Kansas City Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB) in 1964 and 1966. He is noted for being one of only three major-league players from Prince Edward Island, the others being 19th-century outfielder George Wood and catcher Henry Oxley.

Kansas City Athletics
The Kansas City Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1955 to 1967, having previously played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as the Philadelphia Athletics. After moving to Oakland, California in 1967, the team became the Oakland Athletics. In 2025, the team moved to West Sacramento, California as the Athletics, and plans ultimately to move to the Las Vegas metropolitan area.

The Kansas City franchise played at Municipal Stadium from 1955 to 1967.

The Kansas City Athletics had an overall win–loss record of 829–1,224–7 (.404) during their 13 years in Kansas City. Four Kansas City Athletics players were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame: Satchel Paige, Reggie Jackson, Enos Slaughter, and Catfish Hunter.
Pool and Tehidy (electoral division)
Pool and Tehidy (Cornish: Poll ha Tihydin) is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. The current councillor is Conservative Philip Desmonde.

The current division is distinct from the division of the same name created in 2013, which was abolished at the 2021 local elections.

Tehidy Country Park
50°14′31″N 5°18′18″W﻿ / ﻿50.242°N 5.305°W﻿ / 50.242; -5.305

Tehidy Country Park is a country park in Illogan in Cornwall, England which incorporates 250 acres (1.0 km2) of the parkland and estate around Tehidy House, a former manor house of the Tehidy manor. The park's facilities include an events field, barbecue hire facilities in a specially designated woodland, outdoor education facilities, a permanent orienteering course and a schools and youth campsite. The manor was a seat for many centuries of the junior branch of the Basset family which gained much wealth from local tin mining. The estate and house were purchased by Cornwall County Council in 1983 and the country park is one of four in Cornwall.
Crusade of the Poor
The Crusade of the Poor was an unauthorised military expedition—one of the so-called "popular crusades"—undertaken in the spring and summer of 1309 by members of the lower classes from England, Flanders, Brabant, northern France and the German Rhineland. Responding to an appeal for support for a crusade to the Holy Land, the men, overwhelmingly poor, marched to join a small professional army being assembled with Papal approval. Along the way, they engaged in looting, persecution of Jews and combat with local authorities. None of them reached the Holy Land and their expedition was ultimately dispersed.

Duchy of Brabant
The Duchy of Brabant, a state of the Holy Roman Empire, was established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant of 1085–1183, and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries. The Duchy comprised part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, until it was partitioned after the Dutch revolt of 1566–1648.

The 1648 Peace of Westphalia ceded present-day North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) to the Generality Lands of the Dutch Republic, while the reduced duchy remained part of the Habsburg Netherlands until French Revolutionary forces conquered it in 1794 — a change recognized by the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797.

Today all the duchy's former territories, apart from exclaves, are divided between Belgium and the Dutch province of North Brabant.