hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Organizational effectiveness
Organizational effectiveness is a concept used in management, economics, and organizational studies to assess how well an organization achieves its intended outcomes.

Definitions and ways of measuring organizational effectiveness vary by context, stakeholder priorities, and disciplinary perspective. As a result, no single, universally accepted model exists for assessing effectiveness across all organizations.

Multiple factors are considered when determining organizational effectiveness: these may include talent management, leadership development, organization design and structure, systems for measuring performance, change management strategies, and smart technology integration.

Outcome (probability)
In probability theory, an outcome is a possible result of an experiment or trial. Each possible outcome of a particular experiment is unique, and different outcomes are mutually exclusive (only one outcome will occur on each trial of the experiment). All of the possible outcomes of an experiment form the elements of a sample space.

For the experiment where we flip a coin twice, the four possible outcomes that make up our sample space are (H, T), (T, H), (T, T) and (H, H), where "H" represents a "heads", and "T" represents a "tails". Outcomes should not be confused with events, which are sets (or informally, "groups") of outcomes. For comparison, we could define an event to occur when "at least one 'heads'" is flipped in the experiment - that is, when the outcome contains at least one 'heads'. This event would contain all outcomes in the sample space except the element (T, T).
Thirteen at the Table
Thirteen at the Table (French: Treize à table) is a 1955 French comedy film directed by André Hunebelle and starring Micheline Presle, Fernand Gravey and Germaine Montero. It was shot at the Francoeur Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Lucien Carré. It is based on the 1953 play of the same name by Marc-Gilbert Sauvajon.

Micheline Presle
Micheline Presle (French pronunciation: [miʃlin pʁɛːl]; born Micheline Nicole Julia Émilienne Chassagne; 22 August 1922 – 21 February 2024) was a French actress. She was sometimes billed as Micheline Prelle. Starting her career in 1937, she starred or appeared in over 150 films appearing first in productions in her native France and also in Hollywood during the era of Classical Hollywood Cinema, before returning again to Europe, especially French films from the mid-1960s until 2014.
Michel Varisco
Michel Varisco (born New Orleans, Louisiana, July 13, 1967) is a contemporary American artist whose career spans more than twenty years. She works and lives in New Orleans, LA and is recognized as an environmental and social activist through her numerous fine art explorations. Michel Varisco's work spans multiple disciplines including  photography, installation, assemblage and sculpture. She exhibits and publishes internationally and her work is included in public, private and corporate collections in the U.S. and abroad.

Assemblage (art)
Assemblage is an artistic form or medium usually created on a defined substrate that consists of three-dimensional elements projecting out of or from the substrate. It is similar to collage, a two-dimensional medium. It is part of the visual arts and it typically uses found objects, but is not limited to these materials. The term also may be applied to free-standing works that have been assembled.
Etheria: Ang Ikalimang Kaharian ng Encantadia
Etheria: Ang Ikalimang Kaharian ng Encantadia (trans. / international title: Etheria: The Fifth Kingdom of Encantadia) is a Philippine television drama fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is the second installment of the Encantadia franchise. Directed by Mark A. Reyes and Gil Tejada Jr., it stars Sunshine Dizon, Iza Calzado, Karylle, Diana Zubiri and Dingdong Dantes. It premiered on December 12, 2005 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on February 17, 2006 with a total of 50 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube. A sequel, Encantadia: Pag-ibig Hanggang Wakas aired in 2006.

Sunshine Dizon
Margaret Sunshine Cansancio Dizon (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈdɪsɔn]; born July 3, 1983), formerly credited with the mononym Sunshine, is a Filipino actress, director and producer. She is known primarily for her dramatic roles in television and film. At age 3, she made her screen debut in the film God's Little Children (1986) and won her first acting award at the FAMAS Award for Best Child Actress in 1995. A prominent figure in television, she received wider recognition for her performances in the succeeding years such as Umulan Man O Umaraw (2000), Kung Mawawala Ka (2002), Encantadia (2005), Bakekang (2006), Impostora (2007) and Ika-6 na Utos (2016). Among her acclaimed films include Sabel (2004), Mulawin: The Movie (2005), Hustisya (2014) and Rainbow's Sunset (2018).
Ruby seadragon
The ruby seadragon (Phyllopteryx dewysea) is a marine fish in the family Syngnathidae, which includes seadragons, seahorses, and pipefishes. This is the third known species of seadragon, described in 2015, and the first to be discovered in 150 years. It has been sighted on the coast of Western Australia. As of 2025, there are significant knowledge gaps on this species, and only a few individuals have been observed in the wild.

The ruby seadragon is named to honor Mary 'Dewy' Lowe, a supporter of seadragon conservation and research.

Coastal regions of Western Australia
Western Australia has the longest coastline of any state or territory in Australia, at 10,194 km or 12,889 km (20,781 km including islands). It is a significant portion of the coastline of Australia, which is 35,877 km (59,736 km including islands).

The earliest full charting of the coastline occurred during exploration in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

The coastline has some features or organisms that are found on the entire length, while some others are specific to particular coastal regions.

Various government map posters have been created over time, which have examples of coastal form, or types of coast such as the 1984 map with photos.
Field hockey at the 2007 Pan American Games – Men's Qualifier
The Men's Field Hockey Qualifier for the 2007 Pan American Games was a field hockey series between the United States and Mexico to determine the last entry into the men's field hockey competition at the 2007 Pan American Games. All games were played in  Hamilton, Bermuda from 8 to 11 March 2007.

The United States won the series and qualified for the 2007 Pan American Games.

Hamilton, Bermuda
Hamilton is the capital city of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda, and the main settlement of Pembroke Parish. A port city, Hamilton is Bermuda's financial and commercial centre, and a popular tourist destination. Its population of 854 (2016) and its small land area make it one of the smallest capital cities in the world.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 2
The second season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from May 3, 2010 until September 6, 2010, and was primarily filmed in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. Its executive producers are Rebecca Toth Diefenbach, Valerie Haselton, Lucilla D'Agostino, Jim Fraenkel, Omid Kahangi, Caroline Self, Tess Gamboa Meyers and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New Jersey focuses on the lives of Dina Manzo, Teresa Giudice, Jacqueline Laurita, Caroline Manzo and Danielle Staub. It consisted of eighteen episodes.

This season marked the final regular appearance of Danielle Staub. It also marked the first departure of Dina Manzo. She eventually returned for the show’s 6th season.

Danielle Staub
Danielle Staub (born Beverly Ann Merrill; July 29, 1962) is an American reality television personality. In May 2009, she came to prominence after being cast in the reality television series The Real Housewives of New Jersey, as a main cast member for two seasons (2009–10), and afterward as a friend for three more seasons (2017–20).
Lady Douglas
The title Lady Douglas has been held by, or attributed to, several notable women, including:

Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis (c.1498-1537)

Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox, born Lady Margaret Douglas (1515-1578)

Lady Jane Douglas (1698-1753)

Frances Douglas, Lady Douglas (1750-1817)

See also Douglas-Home

Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox
Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (8 October 1515 – 7 March 1578), born Lady Margaret Douglas, was the daughter of the Scottish queen dowager Margaret Tudor and her second husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and thus the granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and the half-sister of King James V. She was the grandmother of King James VI and I.

In her youth she was high in the favour of her uncle, Henry VIII, but later incurred his anger for her unauthorised engagement to Lord Thomas Howard, who died imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1537. In 1544, she married Scottish nobleman Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox. Her son Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, married her niece Mary, Queen of Scots, and was the father of James VI and I.
Helen Herrman
Helen Edith Herrman AO is the President of the World Psychiatric Association. She is the second woman, and first Australian to be elected to the position.

Educated at Monash University, Herrman received an MD for her 1981 thesis, "An Epidemiological Study of Patients Diagnosed as Schizophrenic : Use of record-linkage to examine mortality and general hospital admission".

Herrman is Professor of Psychiatry at Orygen, the National Centre for Excellence in Youth Mental Health. She is also Director of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health in Melbourne.

Before moving to Orygen, Herrman was Professor and Director of Psychiatry at St Vincent's Hospital and the University of Melbourne.

World Psychiatric Association
The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) is a nongovernmental organization in official relations with the World Health Organization (WHO). It brings together 135 national psychiatric societies from 177 countries, representing more than 200,000 psychiatrists worldwide, and convenes the World Congress of Psychiatry.
Wincanton Racecourse
Wincanton Racecourse is a thoroughbred horse racing venue located in Wincanton, Somerset, England.

The steeplechase fences are large, making it a good test of a chaser. Three fences in quick succession in the second half of the home-straight make for exciting racing and often change the complexion of a finish dramatically; resulting in a great many close finishes.

The track stages several big races, including the Kingwell Hurdle in February. The CGA Chase (previously the Jim Ford Challenge Cup, last run in 2012) was run on the same day; these races were significant trials for the Champion Hurdle and Cheltenham Gold Cup respectively. Several of the races at the course were shown on Channel 4 and are now occasionally shown on ITV.

The track is located near to the yard of the trainer, Paul Nicholls and as such many of his young horses run here.

Cheltenham Gold Cup
51°55′13″N 2°3′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.92028°N 2.05778°W﻿ / 51.92028; -2.05778

The Cheltenham Gold Cup is a Grade 1 National Hunt horse race run on the New Course at Cheltenham Racecourse in England, over a distance of about 3 miles 2½ furlongs (3 miles 2 furlongs and 70 yards, or 5,294 m), and during its running there are 22 fences to be jumped. The race takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

The steeplechase, which is open to horses aged five years and over, is the most prestigious of all National Hunt events and it is sometimes referred to as the Blue Riband of jump-racing. Its roll of honour features the names of such chasers as Arkle, Best Mate, Golden Miller, Kauto Star, Denman and Mill House. The Gold Cup is the most valuable non-handicap chase in Britain, and in 2025 it offered a total prize fund of £625,000.
Colle Soglio
Colle Soglio is a frazione of the comune of Cerreto di Spoleto in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 663 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 23 inhabitants.

Italian National Institute of Statistics
The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the primary source of official statistics in Italy. The institute conducts a variety of activities, including the census of population, economic censuses, and numerous social, economic, and environmental surveys and analyses. Istat is the largest producer of statistical information in Italy and is actively involved in the European Statistical System, which is overseen by Eurostat.
Camp Columbia (Hanford)
Camp Columbia or Columbia Camp was a prison labor camp established on the north shore of the Yakima River opening on February 1, 1944, near Horn Rapids. The camp was operated between February 1944 and October 1947 by Federal Bureau of Prisons to provide labor supporting the Hanford Site.  The camp was used to house "minimum-custody-type improvable male offenders," who had no more than one year to serve. These were violators of national defense, wartime and military laws. Included were conscientious objectors, violators of rationing and price support laws, those convicted of espionage, sabotage and sedition and those convicted by military courts martial. Aliens who failed to register were also in this category but none of them were sent here because the camp was located on the southern edge of the 670 square miles (1,740 km2) Hanford Site.

Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, government, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, demoralization,  destabilization, division, disruption, or destruction. One who engages in sabotage is a saboteur. Saboteurs typically try to conceal their identities because of the consequences of their actions and to avoid invoking legal and organizational requirements for addressing sabotage.
De Rokade
De Rokade is a residential skyscraper in the Spijkenisse town of the Nissewaard municipality of Rotterdam. Built between 2008 and 2010, the tower stands at 113 m (371 ft) tall with 33 floors and is the 14th tallest building in the Rotterdam metropolitan area.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Organ Trail
Organ Trail is a "zombie survival game" that parodies the educational game series The Oregon Trail. It was initially released as a free Adobe Flash–based browser game, and later as a Facebook app. This version was developed by Ben Perez, Michael Block, and Ryan Wiemeyer. The game uses the Unity game engine.

An expanded version, The Organ Trail: Director's Cut, was released on mobile devices in August 2012. That same month the Director's Cut was also posted on Steam Greenlight; after receiving enough support, it was released on Steam for Windows, Mac, and Linux on March 19, 2013. The expanded version was developed by Michael Block and Ryan Wiemeyer, founders of the company The Men Who Wear Many Hats.

Director's Cut has sold 429,192 copies as of August 9, 2013. Most of the copies were sold on Humble Bundle, Steam and iOS. Most profits were made on the Steam and iOS platforms.

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Nagabashiri Wind Caves
The Nagabashiri Wind Caves (長走風穴, Nagabashiri fūketsu) are a system of talus caves about 15 km (9.3 mi) north of Ōdate along Japan National Route 7.

Even in midsummer, when the outside temperature is around 30 °C (86 °F), a cool wind of around 5–6 °C (41–42 °F) blows through the caves.

Japan National Route 7
National Route 7 (国道7号, Kokudō Nana-gō) is a major north-south national highway on the Sea of Japan side of the island of Honshū, Japan. It traverses four prefectures, with Niigata at its southern end, then Yamagata, Akita, and finally, Aomori at its northern end. The 471.8-kilometer (293.2 mi) long highway begins at an intersection with national routes 8, 17, 113, 116, 289, 350, and 402 in the capital of Niigata, Niigata. Travelling north, the highway links the prefectural capitals Akita and Aomori. In central Aomori the highway ends at the northern terminus of National Route 4 and National Route 45.
Huizar
Huizar or Huízar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Candelario Huízar (1882–1970), Mexican composer, musician, and music teacher

Guillermo Huízar (born 1961), Mexican politician

José Huizar (born 1968), Mexican-American politician

Laura Elena Zúñiga Huizar (born 1985), Mexican model and beauty queen

Makaio Huizar (born 2007), Mexican/Filipino/American Singer-Songwriter

Laura Zúñiga
Laura Elena Zúñiga Huizar (born 3 January 1985), is a Mexican model and former beauty queen, who in December 2008 became a central figure in an international drug trafficking scandal. The critically acclaimed 2011 film Miss Bala (Miss Bullet) is loosely based on Zúñiga and her involvement in the events of December 2008.
Charley Malone
Charles C. Malone (June 18, 1910 – May 23, 1992) was an American football end in the National Football League (NFL).

Charley (alternately spelled Charlie in some sources) played football for four years at Texas A&M, 1929–1932, and served in the U.S. Marine Corps. He played professional football for the Boston/Washington Redskins for 8 years (1934–42) as well as the pre-NFL, St. Louis Gunners.

In an era in which each NFL team's roster was capped at 33 players, Malone played offensive and defensive end for the Redskins. As a wide receiver, Malone caught most of his passes from fellow Texan Sammy Baugh. Malone led the NFL in receiving in 1935 and finished 5 NFL seasons among the top 10 in receptions. He was selected to play in the NFL Pro Bowl in 1942.

His teams twice won the NFL championship (1937 and 1942).

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Hillar Mets
Hillar Mets (born 15 August 1954) is an Estonian cartoonist, illustrator and animator. His illustrations have been published in the publications Eesti Päevaleht, Noorus, Täheke, Põhjanael, Pikker, City Paper, Eesti Naine and Toiduproff.

His work includes more than 30 jacket illustrations for Estonian versions of the Discworld series by Terry Pratchett, published by Varrak.

Eesti Päevaleht
Eesti Päevaleht (Estonia Daily) is a major daily Estonian newspaper, from the same publishers as the weekly Eesti Ekspress.

Another newspaper under the same name is published weekly in Stockholm, Sweden.
Hans Achterhuis
Herman Johan "Hans" Achterhuis (born September 1, 1942, Hengelo) is Professor Emeritus in Systematic Philosophy at the University of Twente, The Netherlands. For now his research concerns particularly social and political philosophy and philosophy of technology.

His list of publications shows a great scope (in fields of medical care, labour, third-world-philosophy). In 1967, he took his doctoral degree on Albert Camus.

His latest books handle the topics of utopianism (‘De erfenis van de utopie’, ‘The Legacy of Utopia’) and the tension between morality and politics in relation to the Kosovo War (“Politiek van Goede bedoelingen’, ‘Policy of good intentions’). He is co-author of the volume American Philosophy of Technology; The Empirical Turn. This work includes contributions on Albert Borgmann, Hubert Dreyfus, Andrew Feenberg, Donna Haraway, Don Ihde and Langdon Winner.

Don Ihde
Don Ihde (/ˈaɪdi/; January 14, 1934 – January 17, 2024) was an American philosopher of science and technology. In 1979 he wrote what is often identified as the first North American work on philosophy of technology, Technics and Praxis.

Before his retirement, Ihde was Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. In 2013 Ihde received the Golden Eurydice Award.

Ihde was the author of over twenty original books and the editor of many others. He gave numerous lectures and seminars internationally, and some of his books and articles have appeared in a dozen languages.

Ihde died on January 17, 2024, three days after his 90th birthday.
Sop language
Sop (also Sob, Usino) is a Rai Coast language spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea by approximately 2,500 people.

The Sob language has been labelled under several different names. Among the names are Usino, Usina, Sopu, and Igoi. Usino is the name of one of the villages and the name used for the government station. The speakers of this language do not recognize the name Usino as a name for their language, but use the endonym Sob.

Madang Province
Madang is a province of Papua New Guinea. The province is on the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea and has many of the country's highest peaks, active volcanoes and its biggest mix of languages.  The capital is the town of Madang.
Delias mysis
Delias mysis, the Union Jack or red-banded Jezebel, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is endemic to northern Australia, New Guinea and neighbouring islands. The common name is a reference to the flag of the British Empire. The butterfly was given this name, because the patterns and colours on the underside of the wings of the males resembles the flag.The species has a wide variety in colours and patterns, hence a number of subspecies have been named.

Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories
The historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories refers to the various flags that were used across the various Dominions, Crown colonies, protectorates, and territories which made up the British Empire and overseas territories. Early flags that were used across the Empire (including the then Thirteen Colonies which later became the United States of America) tended to be variations of the Red and Blue Ensigns of Great Britain with no colonial badges or coat of arms attached to them. In the first half of the 19th century, the first colonies started to acquire their own colony badges, but it was not until the UK Parliament passed the Colonial Naval Defence Act 1865 that the colonies were required to apply their own emblems.

The following list contains all former and current flags that have been used across the Empire and as well as British overseas territories.