hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Esther Schweins
Esther Schweins (born 18 April 1970 in Oberhausen) is a German actress and comedian who became famous through her appearances on the RTL Samstag Nacht show for which she won the Bayerischer Fernsehpreis in 1994.

Schweins survived the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake whilst on holiday with her mother in Sri Lanka.

She provided the German voice of Princess Fiona for the dubs of the Shrek franchise.

She has a daughter (born 2007) and a son (born 2008) with a farmer from Mallorca in Spain whom she hasn't married because she does not believe in marriage.

In 2018, she played British suffragette and political activist Emmeline Pankhurst in the German docudrama We are half the World (Die Hälfte der Welt gehört uns) about the women's suffrage movement in Germany, France and the United Kingdom.

RTL Samstag Nacht
RTL Samstag Nacht is a comedy television show which ran from 6 November 1993 to 23 May 1998 on German TV network RTL. It was a major comedy show on German television, created after the example of the long-running American show Saturday Night Live and broadcast late on Saturday night. It helped several new comedians in Germany to break through and was a model for several later comedy shows.

Karl Ranseier was a recurring character featured in fake news reports, mentioning his death at the end of each episode. The name Karl Ranseier has become a catchphrase in Germany that has led to its own joke category of Ranseiers which became popular outside of the comedy origin.

The show was relaunched in 2005 as the RTL Comedy Nacht.
Silvia Croatto
Silvia Croatto  (born (1973-05-06)6 May 1973) is a retired Italian female volleyball player. She was part of the Italy women's national volleyball team winning the silver medal at the 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
She also played at the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played with Teodora Ravenna.

2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2001 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 22nd edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Sofia and Varna, Bulgaria from 22 to 30 September 2001.
Arno Trail
The Arno Trail (German: Arnoweg) is an approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) long-distance trail through the Austrian Alps. The highest point is atop the Sonnblick (3,106 metres [10,190 ft]) near Bad Gastein, and in total the trail has over 57,000 metres (35 mi) of elevation gain. The highest elevations are in the western portion of the trail, in the Kalkberge, Pinzgauer Grasberge and Keesberge. The Arno Trail forms a loop which passes through such towns as Salzburg, Neukirchen, Bad Gastein and Nußdorf. It runs predominantly through Austria, although two stages pass through Germany's Berchtesgaden Alps and by the Königssee. The trail can be completed in just over 60 stages, many of which end at alpine huts run by the Austrian Alpine Club. It can be shortened by just under a week by crossing from Fuschl immediately to Salzburg in two stages and thus avoiding seven stages in the relatively low-lying foothills.

Berchtesgaden
Berchtesgaden (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁçtəsˌɡaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the border with Austria, 30 km (19 mi) south of Salzburg and 180 km (110 mi) southeast of Munich. It lies in the Berchtesgaden Alps. South of the town, the Berchtesgaden National Park stretches along three parallel valleys.

The Kehlstein mountain (1,835 m or 6,020 ft), with its Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), is located in the area.
Atiprimod
Atiprimod (INN, codenamed SK&F106615) is a substance being studied in the treatment of certain multiple myelomas and other advanced cancers. It may block the growth of tumors and the growth of blood vessels from surrounding tissue to the tumor.  This drug is also being researched as a potential treatment for various autoimmune diseases.

It was first developed by GlaxoSmithKline as a potential treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

This compound has also been shown to kill mantle cell lymphoma cells in vitro.

Mantle cell lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, comprising about 6% of cases.  It is named for the mantle zone of the lymph nodes where it develops. The term 'mantle cell lymphoma' was first adopted by Raffeld and Jaffe in 1991.

MCL is a subtype of B-cell lymphoma, due to CD5 positive antigen-naive pregerminal center B-cell within the mantle zone that surrounds normal germinal center follicles. MCL cells generally over-express cyclin D1 due to the t(11:14) translocation, a chromosomal translocation in the DNA.
Royal Air Maroc Express
Royal Air Maroc Express is a regional airline and wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Air Maroc based in Casablanca, Morocco. The carrier operates scheduled domestic services and scheduled regional flights to Spain and the Canary Islands, as well as charter services for tour operators and corporate clients. The airline is based in Mohammed V International Airport.

Regional airline
A regional airline is a general classification of airline which typically operates scheduled passenger air service, using regional aircraft, between communities lacking sufficient demand or infrastructure to attract mainline flights. In North America, most regional airlines are classified as "fee-for-departure" carriers, operating their revenue flights as codeshare services contracted by one or more major airline partners. A number of regional airlines, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s, were classified as commuter airlines in the Official Airline Guide (OAG).
Green woodpecker
There are four species of bird named green woodpecker:

European green woodpecker, Picus viridis

Iberian green woodpecker, Picus sharpei

Japanese green woodpecker, Picus awokera

Cuban green woodpecker, 	 Xiphidiopicus percussus

European green woodpecker
The European green woodpecker (Picus viridis), also known as the yaffle and sometimes called a nickle, is a large green woodpecker with a bright red crown and a black moustache. Males have a red centre to the moustache stripe which is absent in females. It is resident across much of Europe and the western Palearctic but in Spain and Portugal it is replaced by the similar Iberian green woodpecker (Picus sharpei).

The European green woodpecker spends much of its time feeding on ants on the ground and does not often 'drum' on trees like other woodpecker species. Though its vivid green and red plumage is particularly striking, it is a shy bird, and is more often heard than seen, drawing attention with its loud calls. A nest hole is excavated in a tree; four to six eggs are laid which hatch after 19–20 days.
Kaathil Oru Kinnaram
Kaathil Oru Kinnaaram is a 1996 Indian Malayalam comedy film, directed by Mohan Kupleri and produced by Sargams. The film stars Jagadish, Jagathy Sreekumar, Prem Kumar, Thilakan and Kalpana in the lead roles. The film has musical score by S. P. Venkatesh.

Thilakan
Palappurathu Keshavan Surendranatha Thilakan (15 July 1935 – 24 September 2012), known mononymously as Thilakan, was an Indian film and stage actor who appeared in over 200 Malayalam films. Spanning more than five decades, Thilakan’s acting career was marked by critical acclaim for his versatility and powerful screen presence. He won several major honours including the Padma Shri (2009) from the Government of India, multiple National Film Awards and numerous Kerala State Film Awards, becoming the most frequent winner of the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor.

Thilakan was known for his elaborate method acting and realistic, spontaneous performances and is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema, whose style influenced generations of Malayalam actors and audience.
Julian S. Garcia
Julian S. Garcia is an American writer. He has been involved in Chicano literature since the late 1970s when the San Antonio arts and politics journal Caracol had its offices on West Commerce Street in San Antonio, Texas. In 1985, Garcia became one of Caracol's associate editors. He was also an Associate editor of ViAztlan, an international journal of ideas and philosophy. A deconstructionist with a penchant for Aristotelian logic and a mentor to Tejano writers, Garcia has a written articles and editorials under a nom-de-plume.

Tejanos
Tejanos (/teɪˈhɑːnoʊz/ tay-HAH-nohz, Spanish: [teˈxanos]) are descendants of mostly Native Americans, but also Texas Creoles and Mestizos who settled in Texas before its admission as an American state. The term is also sometimes applied to Texans of Mexican descent.
James Whittall
James Whittall was a 19th-century taipan of Jardine Matheson & Co. and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

Whittall was appointed an unofficial member in Legislative Council in 1864. After John Dent resigned in 1867, he became the Senior Unofficial Member. He went on leave later that year, and William Keswick held the seat for him until 1872. Whittall remained an unofficial member in the Legislative Council until he resigned in 1875, and Keswick replaced him again.

Whittall was heavily involved with Jardine Matheson & Co.; the silk trade company in Japan during a time with strong foreign trade restriction.

Senior Unofficial Member
The Senior Unofficial Member, later Senior Member and, finally, Convenor of the Non-official Members, was the highest-ranking unofficial member of the Legislative Council (LegCo) and Executive Council (ExCo) of British Hong Kong, which was tasked with representing the opinions of all unofficial members of the council to the Governor.

Ethnic Chinese members of either council were frequently referred to as "Chinese representatives" of the council before the introduction of elected seats in the LegCo; the most senior ethnic Chinese member was dubbed the "Senior Chinese Unofficial Member" (Chinese: 首席華人非官守議員) or "Senior Chinese Representative".
Phyllostegia tahitensis
Phyllostegia tahitensis, commonly known as the Tahitian phyllostegia, is an extinct species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It was described by Jean Nadeaud in 1873. The species was endemic to the Society Islands, primarily Mount Marau, Tahiti, where the species was thought to have perished, but botanists do not exactly know when.

Jean Nadeaud
Jean Nadeaud (1834 – 20 November 1898) was a French naval surgeon, physician and botanist.

From February 1856 to August 1859, he lived in Tahiti, where he studied and collected plants native to the island. In 1864, he received his doctorate from the faculty of medicine at Montpellier with a thesis on medicinal plants used in Tahiti, "Plantes usuelles des tahitiens".

In 1873, he published an enumeration of the plants of Tahiti that included dozens of taxa new to science, "Enumération des plantes indigènes de l'île de Tahiti recueillies et classées". His herbarium was acquired by Emmanuel Drake del Castillo, who sent some of its moss specimens to bryologist Émile Bescherelle.

He spent the last two years of his life in Tahiti as a physician and plant collector. The moss genus Nadeaudia (family Calomniaceae) was named in his honor by Émile Bescherelle.
Vanity (Ai Otsuka song)
"Vanity" is a song by Japanese singer-songwriter Ai Otsuka, released as a digital single on July 14, 2023, through Avex Trax. The song was composed and produced by Shinichi Osawa, marking this as the first collaboration between these two artists.

Avex Trax
Avex Trax (Japanese: エイベックス トラックス, Hepburn: Eibekkusu Torakkusu) is a record label owned by Japanese entertainment conglomerate Avex Inc. The label was launched in September 1988, and was the first label by the Group.
Doerr
Doerr is a respelling of Dörr, a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Doerr (born 1973), American writer

Bobby Doerr (1918–2017), American baseball player and coach

Carola Doerr (born 1984), German computer scientist

Harriet Doerr (1910–2002), American writer

John Doerr (born 1951), American businessman

Robert Doerr (c. 1914 – 2013), American politician and educator

Steve Doerr (born 1959), American soccer player

Susan Doerr (born 1945), American swimmer

Thomas Doerr (born 1964), American architect and writer

Steve Doerr
Steve Doerr is an American retired soccer midfielder who played professionally for the Memphis Americans in the Major Indoor Soccer League.

Doerr attended Indiana University, playing on the men's soccer team from 1977 to 1980.  In 1978 and 1980, the Hoosiers finished runner-up to the San Francisco Dons in the NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.  In 1981, Doerr turned professional with the Memphis Americans of the Major Indoor Soccer League.  He played one hundred games for the Americans over three seasons before retiring in 1984.
Charles H. Cecil Studios
The Charles H. Cecil Studios is a private atelier in Florence, Italy. It is run by American painter and art historian Charles H. Cecil, who was trained by R. H. Ives Gammell. It offers training in classical techniques of drawing and oil painting. Charles H. Cecil Studios occupies the most historic Florentine atelier still in active use.

The curriculum stems directly from the leading ateliers of nineteenth-century Paris. Fundamental to the teaching is the practice of drawing and painting from life. Another important practice is the sight-size technique whereby subject and image are depicted to scale as seen from a given distance.

The studio accepts only a limited number of pupils each year. Cecil personally supervises the progress of their work and is assisted by advanced students and colleagues who return at regular intervals.

R. H. Ives Gammell
Robert Hale Ives Gammell (1893 – 1981) was an American artist best known for his sequence of paintings based on Francis Thompson's poem "The Hound of Heaven". Gammell painted symbolic images that reflected his study of literature, mythology, psychology, and religion.
Jakob Minor
Jakob Minor (15 April 1855, in Vienna – 7 October 1912, in Vienna) was an Austrian literary historian and Germanist.

He studied under Karl Tomaschek and Richard Heinzel at the University of Vienna, and later furthered his education in Berlin as a student of Karl Müllenhoff and Wilhelm Scherer. From 1882 he taught classes at the scientific-literary academy in Milan, and in 1884 became an associate professor at the University of Prague. In 1885 he succeeded Erich Schmidt at Vienna, where in 1888 he was appointed professor of German language and literature. In 1905 he became a member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences.

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
Michal Muller
Lieutenant General Antoine Michal Muller SSAS SD SM MMM was a South African military commander who held the post of Chief of the South African Air Force

He attended Monument High School and matriculated from Central High School. He joined the Union Defence Force in 1948, training as a Pilot. He served with 2 Squadron SAAF in the Korean War, flying a P-51 Mustang.
After his return to South Africa he served in various posts, including as Commanding Officer of 1 Squadron SAAF, 24 Squadron SAAF and Fighter Command.

He was appointed Chief of Air Staff Operations in July 1978 before becoming Chief of the Air Force in December 1979.: 164

He served as Ambassador to Chile. He retired from the SADF in 1988.

In 2016, he was awarded the Taegeuk Cordon Order of the Military Merit Medal in a ceremony.

1 Squadron SAAF
1 Squadron SAAF was an air force squadron of the South African Air Force and was formed at Air Force Station Swartkop in February 1920, equipped with De Havilland DH.9s part of the Imperial Gift donation to South Africa by Britain. On 31 August 1939 the squadron was re-designated as 1 Bomber/Fighter Squadron and this was then changed to 11 (Bomber) Squadron in December 1939. The squadron was resurrected in February 1940 by the renumbering of 6 Squadron, equipped with four Hurricane Mk 1s and six Furies.

1 Squadron saw active service in East Africa in 1940, the Western Desert, Malta, and Sicily, and ended their war service in Italy in 1945. In 1950 the squadron's Spitfires were replaced with Vampires, and these in turn were replaced by Sabre Mk6s in 1956. In 1976 the squadron received Mirage F1AZ attack aircraft and it was disbanded when the F1AZs were retired on 25 November 1997.
1991–92 Honduran Segunda División
The 1991–92 Honduran Segunda División was the 25th season of the Honduran Segunda División.  Under the management of Jorge Rivera, Real Maya won the tournament after finishing first in the final round (or Hexagonal) and obtained promotion to the 1992–93 Honduran Liga Nacional.

Honduran Liga Nacional de Ascenso
Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) is the second division of Honduran football; it was founded on 17 December 1979 as Segunda División (Second Division) and renamed Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) on 21 July 2002. The league is divided into 4 groups: Zona Norte y Atlántica (North and Atlantic Zone), Zona Norte y Occidente (North and West Zone), Zona Centro y Sur (Central and South Zone), Zona Sur y Oriente (South and East Zone). The top 2 teams of each group qualifies for the liguilla (play-offs). Each season is divided into two tournaments, Apertura (opening) and Clausura (closing). The champions of the opening and closing tournament compete for the promotion to  Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras in a two-legged match.

Two teams are relegated to Liga Mayor de Futbol de Honduras. The last team of each group face off in a playoff (North vs North and South vs South).
Total war
Total war is a type of warfare that mobilizes the totality of national resources to sustain war production, blurring the line between military and civilian activities and legitimate attacks on civilian targets as part of a war without restriction as to the combatants, territory or objectives involved.

The term has been defined as "A war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded."

In the mid-19th century, scholars identified  what  later became known as total war as a separate class of warfare. In a total war, the differentiation between combatants and non-combatants diminishes due to the capacity of opposing sides to consider nearly every human, including non-combatants, as resources that are used in the war effort.

Territory
A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, i.e. an area that is under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.

As a subdivision, a territory in most countries is an organized division of an area that is controlled by a country but is not formally developed into, or incorporated into, a political unit of that country, which political units are of equal status to one another and are often referred to by words such as "provinces", "regions", or "states". In its narrower sense, it is "a geographic region, such as a colonial possession, that is dependent on an external government."
Waley
Waley (/ˈweɪli/ WAY-lee) is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alison Waley (1901–2001), New Zealand poet, journalist, artist and writer

Arthur Waley (born Arthur David Schloss; 1889–1966), English orientalist and sinologist

Daniel Waley (1921–2017), British historian, manuscript specialist, and professor

Harmon Metz Waley (1910–1984), American criminal convicted for his role in the George Weyerhaeuser kidnapping

Jacob Waley (1818–1873), English legal writer, grandfather of Charles Waley Cohen, Dorothea Waley Singer, and Robert Waley Cohen

Jim Waley (born 1948), Australian television presenter

Paul Waley, British academic, great-nephew of Arthur Waley

Robert Waley (1889–1939), Australian coxswain

Samuel Waley (born 1983), Tasmanian-born Australian rower

Simon Waley (1827–1875), English composer, banker, and leading figure in the Jewish community, younger brother of Jacob Waley

Alison Waley
Alison Grant Robinson Waley (29 April 1901 – 10 May 2001) was a New Zealand poet, journalist, artist and writer, best known for her memoir A Half of Two Lives: A Personal Memoir, a book about her lifelong affair with writer and translator Arthur Waley.
Air Finland
Oy Air Finland was an airline with its head office and base at Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland, which operated charter and scheduled flights to holiday destinations, as well as aircraft lease services. The company was founded in 2002 and filed for bankruptcy in 2012.

Aircraft lease
Aircraft leases are leases used by airlines and other aircraft operators. Airlines lease aircraft from other airlines or leasing companies for two main reasons: to operate aircraft without the financial burden of buying them, as well as to provide temporary increase in capacity. The industry has two main leasing types: wet-leasing, which is normally used for short-term leasing, and dry-leasing which is more normal for longer-term leases. The industry also uses combinations of wet and dry. For example, when the aircraft is wet-leased to establish new services, then as the airline's flight or cabin crews become trained, they can be switched to a dry lease. In some markets, there may also be hybrid models, such as with crew provided by lessees.
José Pérez Allende
José Pérez Allende (born 19 March 1906, date of death unknown) was a Mexican equestrian. He competed in the individual eventing at the 1932 Summer Olympics. He won two gold medals and a silver at the Central American and Caribbean Games, and a gold medal at the 1955 Pan American Games.

1955 Pan American Games
The 1955 Pan American Games, officially known as II Pan American Games (Spanish: II Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1955 (Spanish: México 1955), opened on March 12, 1955, at University Stadium in Mexico City, Mexico, in front of a capacity crowd of 100,000 spectators.

A total of 2,583 athletes from 22 nations marched in review and formed ranks upon the infield. The nations paraded into the stadium in Spanish alphabetical order:  Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Mexico. The hot sun, combined with the high altitude, caused two members of the U.S. team to collapse. Both quickly recovered.