hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mini Akıllı Mühimmat
Mini Akıllı Mühimmat (MAM), meaning "smart micro munition" is a family of laser-guided and/or GPS/INS guided bombs produced by Turkish defence industry manufacturer Roketsan.

MAM has been developed for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), light attack aircraft, fighter aircraft and air–ground missions for low-payload-capacity air platforms. MAM can engage both stationary and moving targets with high precision.

Laser guidance
Laser guidance directs a robotics system to a target position by means of a laser beam. The laser guidance of a robot is accomplished by projecting a laser light, image processing and communication to improve the accuracy of guidance. The key idea is to show goal positions to the robot by laser light projection instead of communicating them numerically. This intuitive interface simplifies directing the robot while the visual feedback improves the positioning accuracy and allows for implicit localization. The guidance system may serve also as a mediator for cooperative multiple robots.
Examples of proof-of-concept experiments of directing a robot by a laser pointer are shown on video.
Laser guidance spans areas of robotics, computer vision, user interface, video games, communication and smart home technologies.
Joseph Fogerty
Joseph Fogerty, CE, FRIBA, (1831–1899) was an Irish civil engineer, architect, and novelist active in mid-to-late-nineteenth-century Limerick, London, and Vienna.

Born in Limerick, he studied under his father, engineer John Fogerty in Limerick before entering the University College London in 1856, later working in London for Sir John Fowler. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects on 9 February 1880 after being proposed by Henry Currey, Edwin Nash and Charles Barry. Three of his novels, Lauterdale, Caterina and Countess Irene, were published. He died at his house, Enderby, in Sydenham.

He was the brother and uncle of architects William Fogerty and John Frederick Fogerty, respectively. He married Hannah Cochrane (d. 1910), of Limerick and they had a daughter, Elsie Fogerty (born in Sydenham on 16 December 1865), who became a notable teacher of speech.

Sydenham, London
Sydenham (/ˈsɪdənəm/) is a district of south-east London, England, which is shared between the London boroughs of Lewisham, Bromley and Southwark. Prior to the creation of the County of London in 1889, Sydenham was located in Kent, bordering Surrey. Historically, the area was very affluent, with the Crystal Palace being relocated to Sydenham Hill in 1854. Today, Sydenham is a diverse area, with a population of 28,378 (2011 census) and borders Forest Hill, Dulwich, Crystal Palace, Penge, Beckenham, Catford and Bellingham.
Trevor Dark
Trevor Charles Dark (born 29 January 1961) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham City. He played as a winger.

As a schoolboy Dark was associated with Arsenal, but when he left school in 1977 he joined Birmingham City as an apprentice, turning professional two years later. He made his debut as an 18-year-old when he came on as substitute for Stewart Barrowclough in a 1–0 home defeat to Leeds United in the First Division on 10 February 1979. He started the next two games, and made a further two substitute appearances later on in the 1978–79 season, at the end of which Birmingham were relegated; his progress was not improved by an attempt to convert him from winger to full back. He left Birmingham in 1981 for non-league football in the London area, spending time with Hendon, Carshalton Athletic, whom he joined early in the 1981–82 season, Fisher Athletic and Tooting & Mitcham United.

Tooting & Mitcham United F.C.
Tooting & Mitcham United Football Club is an association football club based in the London Borough of Merton. They are currently members of the Combined Counties League Premier Division South and play at Imperial Fields in Morden. Their nickname is "the Terrors" or "the Stripes".
The Ghost of Cain
The Ghost of Cain is the third studio album by the English rock band New Model Army. Released in 1986, The Ghost of Cain propelled the band to the forefront of the alternative rock scene in the 1980s. Not least thanks to the widely acclaimed underground hit song, "51st State", which is the only song by the band to date to feature lyrics not written by the band themselves; the lyrics were written by Ashley Cartwright of The Shakes.

It was the first album to feature new bassist, Jason 'Moose' Harris. It also features former Nine Below Zero member Mark Feltham as a guest musician on harmonica on songs "Poison Street" and "Ballad".

Brazilian thrash metal band Sepultura covered the song "The Hunt" on their 1993 album, Chaos A.D. UK folk metal band Skyclad covered the song "Master Race" on their Oui Avant-Garde á Chance album in 1996.

Oui Avant-Garde á Chance
Oui Avant-garde á Chance is the seventh full-length album British folk metal band, Skyclad. It contains 8 original tracks, 2 remixes and 2 covers: "Come On Eileen" (originally by Dexys Midnight Runners) and "Master Race" (originally by New Model Army).

As on the previous album, the group remained a quartet, with Steve Ramsey overdubbing all guitars, and with the hiring of Paul Smith and Paul A.T. Kinson as session drummers. Moreover, Les Smith has been involved as an accordion player in three songs.

Eric Fish, Frau Schmitt and Bodenski from the German folk metal group Subway to Sally have a guest appearance on the track "Come On Eileen".

For the first time in band history, Kevin Ridley contributed vocals for a Skyclad record, before taking over lead vocal duties in 2001. He sings the second voice in "If I Die Laughing, It'll Be an Act of God".

The apparently nonsensical French album title is a homophonic translation of the English phrase 'We haven't got a chance'.
Moin-ul-Mulk's campaign against Sikhs
Moin-ul-Mulk's campaign against the Sikhs was a series of operations in the Punjab region (1748–1753) conducted under the provincial government at Lahore led by Moin-ul-Mulk (also known as Mir Mannu). The campaign aimed to curb Sikh armed activity that had expanded during a period of political instability in the province and repeated Afghan invasions. The offensive combined field expeditions, sieges, and measures directed at Sikh settlements and families, but it did not eliminate Sikh activity before Moin-ul-Mulk's death in 1753.

Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (3 May 1718 – 23 October 1783) was a Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy, being the supreme leader of the Dal Khalsa. He was also Misldar (leader or commander) of the Ahluwalia Misl. This period was an interlude, lasting roughly from the time of the death of Banda Bahadur in 1716 to the founding of the Sikh Empire in 1801. He founded the Kapurthala State in 1772.
Yaiza Canzani
Yaiza Canzani García is a Spanish and Uruguayan mathematician known for her work in mathematical analysis, and particularly in spectral geometry and microlocal analysis. She is an associate professor of mathematics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Conor Doherty
Conor Doherty (born 22 November 1990) is an Irish Gaelic footballer from Galway. Doherty played his club football with Tuam Stars and county football for the Galway senior football team from 2011 to 2013.

He was Right half back on the Galway Minor team that won the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship in 2007.

Doherty previously played with the Galway U21 team who won the All-Ireland defeating Cavan.

Galway county football team
The Galway county football team (/ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ GAWL-way) represents Galway in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Galway GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Connacht Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Galway's home ground is Pearse Stadium, Salthill. The team's manager is Pádraic Joyce.

Galway was the first Connacht county to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC). It has nine All-Ireland SFCs, the third highest total after Kerry and Dublin. It won three consecutive All-Ireland SFCs in the mid-1960s and, from 1998 onwards, two All-Ireland SFC titles in four years. The team last won the Connacht Senior Championship in 2025, the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship in 2001 and the National League in 1981.
Electoral district of Caboolture
Caboolture was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland. It existed from 1977 to 2001 and centred on the community of Caboolture between Brisbane and the Sunshine Coast.

Caboolture, Queensland
Caboolture (/kəˈbʊltʃər/) is a town and suburb in the City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is located on the northern side of the Caboolture River. In the 2021 census, the suburb of Caboolture had a population of 29,534 people.
Pilot Point Independent School District
Pilot Point Independent School District is a public school district based in Pilot Point, Texas (USA). Located in Denton County, portions of the district extend into Cooke and Grayson counties.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency. In 2016, the Middle school and High school each received a TEA gold star distinction for postsecondary academic readiness.

Cooke County, Texas
Cooke County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. At the 2020 census, its population was 41,668. The county seat is Gainesville. The county was founded in 1848 and organized the next year. It is named for William Gordon Cooke, a soldier during the Texas Revolution. It is a part of the Texoma region.

Cooke County comprises the Gainesville, TX micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Dallas–Fort Worth, TX-OK combined statistical area.
Tangcal
Tangcal, officially the Municipality of Tangcal (Maranao: Inged a Tangcal; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Tangcal; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tangcal), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 16,075 people.

It is also pronounced as Tangkal.

Lanao del Norte
Lanao del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Lanao; Filipino: Hilagang Lanao; Maranao: Pangotaraan Ranao), officially the Province of Lanao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is Tubod.

The province borders Lanao del Sur to the southeast, Zamboanga del Sur to the west, Illana Bay to the southwest, Iligan Bay to the north, Misamis Oriental to the northeast, and is separated from Misamis Occidental by Panguil Bay to the northwest. According to the 2024 census, the province has a total population of 761,725 people.

Situated within Lanao del Norte is the highly urbanized city of Iligan, which is governed independently from the province and also the largest city in both land area and population.
Merti
Merti is one of the Aanaas in the Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. Part of the Arsi Zone, Merti is bordered on the south by Sude, on the west by Jeju, on the northwest by the East Shewa Zone, on the north by the Afar Region, on the east by Aseko, and on the southeast by Chole. The administrative center of this woreda is Abomsa; other towns in Merti include Reye. Guna woreda was separated from Merti.

Afar Region
The Afar Region (/ˈɑːfɑːr/; Afar: Qafar Rakaakayak; Amharic: ዓፋር ክልል), formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and Djibouti to the northeast; it also shares regional borders with the Tigray, Amhara, Oromo and Somali regions.

The Afar Triangle, the northern part of which is the Danakil Depression, is part of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and is located in the north of the region. It has the lowest point in Ethiopia and one of the lowest in Africa. The southern part of the region consists of the valley of the Awash River, which empties into a string of lakes along the Djibouti–Ethiopia border. Other notable landmarks include the Awash National Park.

Afar Region is a developing region of Ethiopia with a high rate of fertility.
East Brother Island Light
East Brother Island Lighthouse is a lighthouse located on East Brother Island in San Rafael Bay, near the tip of Point San Pablo in Richmond, California. It marks the entrance to San Pablo Bay from San Francisco Bay.

Built in 1874 and automated in 1969, the lighthouse was designed in the American Stick style by Paul J. Pelz, who also designed East Brother Island's sister stations, Point Fermin Light in San Pedro CA, Mare Island Light, in Carquinez Strait, California (demolished in the 1930s), Point Hueneme Light in California (replaced in 1940), Hereford Inlet Light in North Wildwood, New Jersey, and Point Adams Light in Washington State (burned down by the Lighthouse Service in 1912), all in essentially the same style.  The former keeper's house began operating as a bed and breakfast in 1980.

Stick style
The Stick style was a late-19th-century American architectural style, transitional between the Carpenter Gothic style of the mid-19th century, and the Queen Anne style that it had evolved into by the 1890s. It is named after its use of linear "stickwork" (overlay board strips) on the outside walls to mimic an exposed half-timbered frame.
Cultural enrichment
Cultural enrichment can refer to:

The generally understood objective within Arts in education to expose children to the arts

Culture change, a term used in public policy making that regards the role of culture on individual and community behavior

Cultural pluralism, when a society has subset groups that maintain a unique cultural identity and values
Acculturation, a process of culture change that describes how members of a minority culture adapt to the prevailing societal culture
Multiculturalism, a term in sociology which is synonymous with ethnic pluralism

Cultural diffusion, a concept by Leo Frobenius where culture is shared between individuals

Cultural diplomacy, a type of diplomacy which is a cultural exchange among different nations

Cultural appropriation, the adoption of elements from one culture by members of another

Pluralism (political theory)
Pluralism is the political theory that politics and decision-making are located mostly in the framework of government but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence.

Under classical pluralist theory, groups of individuals try to maximize their interests through continuous bargaining processes and conflict. Because of the consequent distribution of resources throughout a population, inequalities may be reduced. At the same time, radical political change will be met with resistance due to the existence of competing interest groups, which collectively form the basis of a democratic equilibrium.

Theorists of pluralism include Robert A. Dahl, David Truman, and Seymour Martin Lipset.
Jade Eagleson (album)
Jade Eagleson is the self-titled, debut studio album by Canadian country music artist Jade Eagleson. It was released on July 24, 2020 through Universal Music Canada. The album includes the #1 Canada Country hit "Lucky", the Platinum-certified hits "Got Your Name on It" and "Count the Ways", as well as "Close". It was the most globally-streamed debut album for a Canadian country artist of all-time.

High Valley
High Valley is a Canadian country and bluegrass band originally from Blumenort, Alberta, a small community near the hamlet of La Crete. The group is composed of Brad Rempel (lead vocals) and his supporting band, Holt Stuart-Hitchcox (bass guitar), Raymond Klassen (Dobro), Clint Milburn (guitar), and Andrew Hemmerling (drums). Brad Rempel's brother Bryan Rempel was a member until March 2014, while younger brother Curtis Rempel was a member until June 2021. All three brothers grew up in a Mennonite community and graduated from La Crete Public School.

After a number of chart successes in Canada between 2010 and 2015, High Valley were signed to Atlantic Records Nashville in October 2015. They achieved some success with the singles "Make You Mine" and "She's with Me" at United States country radio. They have three No. 1 hits on the Billboard Canada Country chart with "I Be U Be", "Grew Up On That", and "River's Still Running".
John Tangeman House
The John Tangeman House is a historic house in the city of Wyoming, Ohio, United States.  The city's best house of its style, the residence was once home to a prosperous factory owner, and it has been named a historic site.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Inside/Out (1988 film)
Inside/Out is a Canadian drama short film, directed by Lori Spring and released in 1988. The film stars Emma Richler as Joanna, a woman who is suffering from clinical depression and has decided to stop leaving her home.

The cast also includes Jackie Burroughs, Larry Epp, Alan Zweig, Donna LaPointe, John Carr, Mark Fawcett and Rhonda Kristi.

The film received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 10th Genie Awards in 1989.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best Canadian live action short film. Formerly part of the Genie Awards, since 2012 it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the award was not always presented at every Genie Award ceremony. In years when the award was not presented, a single award was instead presented for Best Theatrical Short Film, inclusive of both animated and live-action shorts. Under current Academy regulations, the awards for live action and animated shorts can be collapsed into a single award if either category receives two or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass two submissions.
Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. v. Ward
Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. v. Ward, 470 U.S. 869 (1985), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a state cannot tax out-of-state insurance companies at a greater rate than domestic insurance companies under the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article Four of the United States Constitution.

Privileges and Immunities Clause
The Privileges and Immunities Clause (U.S. Constitution, Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1, also known as the Comity Clause) prevents a state of the United States from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner.  Additionally, a right of interstate travel is associated with the clause.
Lu AA41063
Lu AA41063 is a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist. Structurally, it is a non-xanthine.

The affinities (Ki) of the drug for the human adenosine receptors are 5.9 nM for the adenosine A2A receptor, 410 nM for the adenosine A1 receptor (69-fold lower than for the A2A receptor), 260 nM for the adenosine A2B receptor (44-fold lower than for the A2A receptor), and >10,000 nM for the adenosine A3 receptor (>1,695-fold lower than for the A2A receptor).

Lu AA41063 was first described in the scientific literature by 2014.

Lu AA47070, a water-soluble phosphate ester prodrug of Lu AA41063, is orally active and was under development for the treatment of Parkinson's disease but was discontinued. In addition to its antiparkinsonian-like effects, Lu AA47070 reverses motivational deficits in animals and hence shows pro-motivational effects.

Management of Parkinson's disease
In the management of Parkinson's disease, due to the chronic nature of Parkinson's disease (PD), a broad-based program is needed that includes patient and family education, support-group services, general wellness maintenance, exercise, and nutrition. At present, no cure for the disease is known, but medications or surgery can provide relief from the symptoms.

While many medications treat Parkinson's, none actually reverses the effects of the disease. Furthermore, the gold-standard treatment varies with the disease state. People with Parkinson's, therefore, often must take a variety of medications to manage the disease's symptoms. Several medications currently in development seek to better address motor fluctuations and nonmotor symptoms of PD. However, none is yet on the market with specific approval to treat Parkinson's.
Silapathar
Silapathar is a small city and municipal board in Dhemaji district in the Indian state of Assam. The name itself derived from Mising word "Sila" means Kite and "Pothar" means rice fields as the place used be a kiting ground for native Mising people during the winters. The city is on the northern bank of the Brahmaputra River and is 470 kilometres (290 mi) from the city of Guwahati and just six km (3.7 mi) from border of Arunachal Pradesh. The longest rail cum road bridge in India (Bogibeel bridge) connects Silapathar to Dibrugarh. Historical Malinithan Mandir is located around ten km (6.2 mi) from Silapathar.

Silapathar is the commercial hub of Dhemaji district and Arunachal Pradesh. The place has a heady mix of indigenous communities like Mising, Chutia, Ahom, Gorkhas and Deoris.

Silapathar Buddhist Monastery (Zangdok Palri Monastery) is the second largest Buddhist Monastery in India constructed by Khen Rinpoche Tsering Dorjee under the aegis of Pema Mani Charitable Trust.

Gurkha
The Gurkhas or Gorkhas (/ˈɡɜːrkə, ˈɡʊər-/), with the endonym Gorkhali (Nepali: गोर्खाली [ɡoɾkʰaːliː]), are soldiers native to South Asia, chiefly residing within Nepal and some parts of North India.

The Gurkha units consist of Nepali and (in India) Indian Gorkha, Nepali-speaking Indian people. They are recruited for the Nepali Army (96,000), the Indian Army (42,000), the British Army (4,010), the Gurkha Contingent of the Singapore Police Force, the Gurkha Reserve Unit of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces, and UN peacekeeping forces in war zones around the world. Ordinary citizens of the two demographic groups become a Gurkha by applying for, and passing, the selection and training process.

Gurkhas are closely associated with the khukuri, a forward-curving knife, and have a reputation for fearless military prowess. Former Indian Army Chief of Staff Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw once stated that:

"If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha."