hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Center for Railroad Photography & Art
The Center for Railroad Photography & Art is a non-profit arts and education organization in Madison, Wisconsin, founded in 1997 to inform “the public about railroad photography and art through education, research and public service programs".

The Center collects high-quality photographs and works of art related to railroading and railroad workers. It has no museum, but collaborates with archives and public museums in creating programs with a national outreach. These programs include exhibitions, publications, conferences, and a website.

Incorporated as a nonprofit corporation in Wisconsin on December 9, 1997, the Center was fostered by John Gruber (1936-2018), a writer with a lifelong interest in railroads and their history who'd had the hobby of photographing railroads since 1960. The Railway and Locomotive History Society honored Gruber in 1994 with a lifetime achievement award in railroad photography.

Nonprofit corporation
A nonprofit corporation is any legal entity which has been incorporated under the law of its jurisdiction for purposes other than making profits for its owners or shareholders. Depending on the laws of the jurisdiction, a nonprofit corporation may seek official recognition as such, and may be taxed differently from for-profit corporations, and treated differently in other ways.
Ajman Real Estate Regulatory Agency
The Ajman Real Estate Regulatory Agency (ARRA, ARERA or Ajman RERA) is an Ajman, United Arab Emirates based government regulatory authority responsible for the regulation and licensing of Ajman's real estate market, consumer protection and dispute resolution. However, ARRA does not resolve disputes concerning rent of property units.

Dispute resolution
Dispute resolution or dispute settlement is the process of resolving disputes between parties. The term dispute resolution is conflict resolution through legal means.

Prominent venues for dispute settlement in international law include the International Court of Justice (formerly the Permanent Court of International Justice); the United Nations Human Rights Committee (which operates under the ICCPR) and European Court of Human Rights; the Panels and Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization; and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Half of all international agreements include a dispute settlement mechanism.

States are also known to form their own arbitration tribunals to settle disputes. Prominent private international courts, which adjudicate disputes between commercial private entities, include the International Court of Arbitration (of the International Chamber of Commerce) and the London Court of International Arbitration.
Patinoire René Froger
The Patinoire René Froger is an indoor sporting arena located in the Parc des Sports in Briançon, France.  The capacity of the arena is 2,150 people and was built in 1968.  It is currently home to the Diables Rouges de Briançon ice hockey team.

The arena was used for the 2004 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships Division I Group B.

2004 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2004 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (2004 WJHC) was held between December 26, 2003, and January 5, 2004, in Helsinki and Hämeenlinna, Finland. The United States won their first ever gold medal, after defeating Canada 4–3 in the final.
Andrew Wenthe
Andrew J. Wenthe (born 1977) was the Iowa State Representative from the 18th District. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 2007 to 2013.  He received his BA from the University of Northern Iowa.

During his time in the House, Wenthe was a member of several of its committees: the Administration and Rules, Agriculture, Appropriations, State Government, and Transportation committees.  His prior political experience included serving as a legislative assistant for State Senator Jeff Danielson and as legislative staff for Senator Chuck Grassley.

In 2013, he was elected mayor of Fayette, Iowa, with his first term starting in 2014. As of January 2020, he remains mayor.

University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.
Bonfield (surname)
Bonfield is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dawn Bonfield, British materials engineer

George Robert Bonfield (1802–1898), English-born American sketcher and painter

James Bonfield (1825–1883), Canadian politician

John Bonfield (1915–1976), British trade unionist

Peter Bonfield (born 1944), British business executive

William Bonfield (born 1937), British material scientist

George Robert Bonfield
George Robert Bonfield (1802–1898) was an English-born American sketcher and marine painter. His work is in the collections of the National Museum of American History, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Nick Paul (politician)
Nicholas (Nick) Allan Paul is an American politician who was elected to serve as a member of the New Mexico Senate in the 2024 election. Paul was a Alamogordo City Commissioner. He resigned from the New Mexico Senate in October 2025 due to health concerns.

New Mexico Senate
The New Mexico State Senate (Spanish: Senado de Nuevo México) is the upper house of the New Mexico State Legislature, the lower house being the New Mexico House of Representatives.The Senate consists of 42 members, with each senator representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state. All senatorial districts are divided to contain a population on average of 43,300 state residents. Members of the Senate are elected to four-year terms without term limits.

The Senate convenes at the New Mexico State Capitol building in Santa Fe.
Jim Chaney
James Allen Chaney (born January 12, 1962) is an American football coach and former player. He is an offensive analyst for the University of Tennessee, a position he has held since 2025. He previously served as an offensive analyst for the Texas A&M Aggies and Georgia State University.  Chaney previously served as the offensive coordinator for the University of Georgia from 2016 to 2018. Chaney also served as the offensive coordinator at University of Arkansas from 2013 to 2014 and University of Tennessee from 2009 to 2012, assuming the role of interim head coach for the final game of the 2012 season after Derek Dooley was fired. He was also the offensive coordinator at the University of Tennessee from 2019 to 2020, under Head Coach Jeremy Pruitt

Arkansas Razorbacks football
The Arkansas Razorbacks football program represents the University of Arkansas in the sport of American football. The Razorbacks compete in the 
Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Home games are played at stadiums on or near the two largest campuses of the University of Arkansas System: Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium in Fayetteville and War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock.

The program began in 1894 and has compiled an all-time record of 740–539–40, for a .576 winning percentage. The Razorbacks have won 13 conference championships and have had 58 players honored as All-Americans. Arkansas claims one national championship (1964) awarded by the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA).
Heroes' Acre (Namibia)
Heroes' Acre is an official war memorial of the Republic of Namibia. Built into the uninhabited hills 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of the city centre of Windhoek, Heroes' Acre opened on 26 August 2002. It was created to "foster a spirit of patriotism and nationalism, and to pass [this] to the future generations of Namibia".

National Assembly (Namibia)
The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. Its laws must be approved by the National Council, the upper house. Since 2014, it has a total of 104 members. 96 members are directly elected through a system of closed list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Eight additional members are appointed by the President. Since March 2025, SWAPO member Saara Kuugongelwa has been the Speaker of the National Assembly.

Namibia's National Assembly emerged on Independence Day on 21 March 1990 from the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, following the elections of November 1989. That election, under guidelines established by the United Nations, included foreign observers in an effort to ensure a free and fair election process. The current National Assembly was formed following elections on 27 November 2024.
The Shoes of the Fisherman's Wife Are Some Jiveass Slippers
"The Shoes of the Fisherman's Wife Are Some Jive Ass Slippers" is a composition by Charles Mingus released on his 1972 album Let My Children Hear Music.  "The Shoes of the Fisherman's Wife", as it is sometimes referred to, is a rearrangement of the song "Once Upon a Time, There Was a Holding Corporation Called Old America," recorded on Mingus' 1965 live album Music Written For Monterey 1965. Not Heard... Played In Its Entirety At UCLA.

The main melody of "Shoes" follows an ascending chromatic chord pattern, presented in multiple separate tempos. Sy Johnson is credited with the orchestration, transcription and arrangement, as well conducting for the recording on Let My Children Hear Music.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
Nik Cochran
Nikolas Max Valdez Cochran (born May 6, 1988) is a Canadian basketball player who also owns a British passport. He played four years for the Davidson Wildcats, and then turned professional. During his first professional season, he played for FIATC Joventut of the Spanish ACB. For the 2014–15 season, Cochran signed with the Dutch champion Donar, though he was cut before the start of the season. He played for UPEA Capo d'Orlando of the Lega Basket Serie A after signing a one-week tryout contract. His contract wasn't renewed.

Cochran has among the all-time NCAA top 25 career free throw percentages (Minimum 300 free throws made and 2.5 free throws made per game) with a 358–401=89.3% (17th according to the 2022–23 NCAA Record book).

Donar (basketball)
Donar, also known as Donar Groningen, is a professional basketball club based in Groningen, Netherlands. The club competes in the BNXT League and its home arena is MartiniPlaza, which has a seating capacity of 4,350 people.

Founded in 1951, Donar is one of the traditional first division clubs along with Den Bosch, as it entered the league 56 years ago. The club won the Dutch national championship seven times, seven Dutch Cups and three Dutch Supercups. They have also been a regular in European competition, with their best result reaching the FIBA Europe Cup semi-finals in 2018.

The club has the most basketball fans in the Netherlands, with approximately 1,700 season ticket holders and sells the MartiniPlaza out on a regular basis in the playoffs. The MartiniPlaza is also the largest in-use basketball arena in the country. The traditional club colours of Donar are blue and white.
Grant Hattingh
Grant Neil Hattingh (born 3 October 1990 in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a rugby union player who plays as a lock, flanker or eighthman for Japanese sides the Sunwolves in Super Rugby and Kobelco Steelers in the Top League.

Sunwolves
The Sunwolves (Japanese: サンウルブズ) – previously known as the HITO-Communications Sunwolves for sponsorship reasons – were a professional rugby union team and Japan's representative team in SANZAAR's international Super Rugby competition. The team was based in Tokyo, Japan, but also played some home matches in Singapore. They made their debut in Super Rugby in 2016. In March 2019, it was announced that 2020 would be the final season for the Sunwolves, after failing to negotiate a contract due to financial considerations.

With the suspension of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Sunwolves being declined entry into the replacement Super Rugby AU competition in Australia due to various factors, the team officially dissolved on 1 June 2020.
Johnny Jolly
Johnny Ray Jolly Jr. (born February 21, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) in two separate stints: the first, from 2006 to 2009, and the second, in 2013. He was selected in the sixth round (183rd overall) of the 2006 NFL draft, and played college football at Texas A&M.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Robert Mawer
Robert Mawer (Nidderdale 1807 - Leeds 10 November 1854) was an architectural sculptor, based in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. He specialised in the Gothic Revival and Neoclassical styles. He created the Neoclassical keystone heads on St George's Hall, Bradford and on Moorland's House, Leeds, and was working on the keystone heads at Leeds Town Hall when he died. He was a founding member of the Mawer Group of Leeds architectural sculptors, which included his wife, Catherine Mawer, his son Charles Mawer, and his apprentices William Ingle, Matthew Taylor and Benjamin Payler, who all became sculptors with their own careers. Many of the buildings enhanced with sculpture by Robert Mawer are now listed by Historic England.

John Dobson (architect)
John Dobson (9 November 1787 – 8 January 1865) was a 19th-century English neoclassical architect. During his life, he was the most noted architect in Northern England. He designed more than 50 churches and 100 private houses, but he is best known for designing Newcastle railway station and his work with Richard Grainger developing the neoclassical centre of Newcastle. Other notable structures include Nunnykirk Hall, Meldon Park, Mitford Hall, Lilburn Tower, St John the Baptist Church in Otterburn, Northumberland, and Beaufront Castle.
Korenmarkt, Ghent
The Korenmarkt (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkoːrəmɑr(ə)kt]; "Wheat Market") is a city square in the historic centre of Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium. Located between the Leie river and St. Nicholas' Church, it is one of the city's most important and famous tourist locations. The square is surrounded with several historic buildings, which today house bars, restaurants and terraces. It is a pivotal location of the annual Gentse Feesten cultural festival.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
2011 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 2011 Olivier Awards were held on 13 March 2011 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London.  The 2011 awards were intended to re-launch the Oliviers as a major awards event, and so they were sponsored by MasterCard, with live coverage by the BBC.

The Theatre show was presented by Michael Ball and Imelda Staunton, with BBC Radio 2 coverage from Paul Gambaccini.

Special guests included Stephen Sondheim, Angela Lansbury, Cameron Mackintosh, Barry Manilow as well as performances by Ramin Karimloo, Alfie Boe, Kerry Ellis, Adrian Lester as well as the London casts of Legally Blonde and Into the Woods to name a few.

The show was accompanied by the BBC Concert Orchestra, conducted by David Charles Abell, and the finale was accompanied by a choir from the CDS (Conference Drama Schools).

After the Dance (play)
After the Dance is a play by Terence Rattigan which premièred at the St James's Theatre, London, on 21 June 1939. It was not one of Rattigan's more successful plays, closing after only sixty performances, a failure that led to its exclusion from his first volume of Collected Plays. Critics have tended to attribute this relative contemporary failure to the play's darkness which may have reminded audiences of the approaching European war.

However, the 2010 revival of the play was a commercial and critical success with The Guardian's theatre critic Michael Billington stating that Thea Sharrock's production starring Benedict Cumberbatch confirmed that Rattigan is one of the "supreme dramatists of the 20th century".
Eilenberg–Ganea theorem
In mathematics, particularly in homological algebra and algebraic topology, the Eilenberg–Ganea theorem states for every finitely generated group G with certain conditions on its cohomological dimension (namely ), one can construct an aspherical CW complex X of dimension n whose fundamental group is G. The theorem is named after Polish mathematician Samuel Eilenberg and Romanian mathematician Tudor Ganea. The theorem was first published in a short paper in 1957 in the Annals of Mathematics.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Victor Cullen School Power House
The Victor Cullen School Power House is a historic power house building located at Sabillasville, Frederick County, Maryland. It is a 2+1⁄2-story, Renaissance Revival stone erection, with a hip roof and a fully exposed basement. The building was built originally as part of the Maryland Tuberculosis Sanitorium, the first state sponsored institution of its type in Maryland. It was designed by architects Wyatt & Nolting.

The Victor Cullen School Power House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Frederick County, Maryland
Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717. The county seat is Frederick. The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s. It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.
Newag 6Dg
Newag 6Dg is a diesel powered shunter locomotive, modernised by Newag from the locomotive SM42 series by Fablok. The locomotive has a Caterpillar C27 diesel engine, which reduces emissions in accordance with the standards required since 2009. It is equipped with a microprocessor control system and remote control. Compared to the SM42 series, the locomotive appears completely different.

Caterpillar C27
The Caterpillar C27 is a V12 diesel internal combustion engine made by Caterpillar. The engine is 27 litres (1,648 cu in) in displacement. Each cylinder has a bore of 137 mm (5.4 in) and a stroke of 154 mm (6.1 in). The engine can produce 370–750 kW (500–1,000 hp) at 2100 RPM. The peak torque occurs at an engine speed of 1400 RPM. This engine began production as Caterpillar 3412. As emissions controls were tightened, engine management and combustion chamber were redesigned such that two different engines emerged: the mechanically controlled Caterpillar C27 and the electronically controlled Caterpillar C30. The C30 block was later scaled up and the Caterpillar C32 emerged. The C27 also began to be produced with electronic engine control and management after 2007.
Federal Correctional Institution, Ray Brook
The Federal Correctional Institution, Ray Brook (FCI Ray Brook), unofficially called the Olympic Prison, is a medium-security United States federal prison for male inmates that is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice.

FCI Ray Brook is located in Essex County, New York, midway between the villages of Lake Placid and Saranac Lake. Although constructed as a prison, it initially served as the Olympic Village for the 1980 Winter Olympics, which were held in Lake Placid.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.

Ethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound (a vicinal diol) with the formula (CH2OH)2. It is mainly used for two purposes: as a raw material in the manufacture of polyester fibers and for antifreeze formulations. It is an odorless, colorless, flammable, viscous liquid. It has a sweet taste but is toxic in high concentrations. This molecule has been observed in outer space.
Sparisoma choati
Sparisoma choati, the West-African parrotfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the family Scaridae. It occurs at depths between 2 and 30m, along west African coastline and islands from Cape Verde and Senegal south to the offshore islands of the Gulf of Guinea and northern Angola. Like other parrotfish of the genus Sparisoma, it lives on rocky reefs and grazes on algae growing over hard substrate. It was named in honor of J. Howard Choat, in recognition of his extensive scientific work on parrotfishes.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.