hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia, formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd until 22 September 1932. The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd had been separate countries until the mid-1920s.

Saudi Arabia is the largest Arab country of the Middle East. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 28 million, and its size is approximately 2,149,690 square kilometres (830,000 sq mi).

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Boonesboro, Missouri
Boonesboro is a community in Howard County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 87 midway between Boonville and Glasgow in the historical Boone's Lick country.

The community was laid out in 1840 on the Boone's Lick Road and is named for frontiersman Daniel Boone. Boone's Lick State Historic Site is approximately two miles to the west on Missouri Route 187.  The approximate population of the town is 150 citizens.

Boone's Lick State Historic Site
Boone's Lick State Historic Site is located in Missouri, United States, four miles east of Arrow Rock. The park was established in 1960 around one of the saltwater springs that was used in the early 19th century. It was named after Nathan and Daniel Morgan Boone, sons of famous American frontiersman Daniel Boone, who produced salt from the springs. The springs lent their name to the Boone's Lick Country, the first major American settlement in Missouri, and the Boone's Lick Road, which traversed wilderness from St. Charles, Missouri to the boomtown of Franklin, Missouri, in the early 1800s.
José Dupuis
Joseph-Lambert Dupuis (known as José Dupuis) (18 March 1833, Liège – 9 May 1900, Nogent-sur-Marne)  was a Belgian singer and actor. He was principally active in opéra-bouffe in Paris, in particular at the Théâtre des Variétés.

Opéra bouffe
Opéra bouffe (French pronunciation: [ɔpeʁa buf], plural: opéras bouffes) is a genre of mid- to late 19th-century French operetta, closely associated with Jacques Offenbach, who produced many of them at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, inspiring the genre's name.

It differs from the opéra comique of the same period for elements of comedy, satire, parody and farce. The most famous examples are La belle Hélène, Barbe-bleue (Bluebeard), La Vie parisienne, La Périchole and La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein.
Triouzoune
The Triouzoune (French pronunciation: [tʁijuzun]; Occitan: Triusona) is a 50.9 km (31.6 mi) long river in the Corrèze département, south-central France. Its source is on the Plateau de Millevaches, 1 km (0.62 mi) north of la Rigaudie, a hamlet in Saint-Sulpice-les-Bois. It flows generally south-southeast. It is a right tributary of the Dordogne into which it flows between Neuvic and Sérandon.

Plateau de Millevaches
The Plateau de Millevaches (French pronunciation: [plato də milvaʃ]; Occitan: Replanat de Miuvachas) is an upland area in Limousin a former administrative region of France. It covers approximately 3,500 km2 and crosses the boundaries of three French departments: Corrèze, Creuse, and Haute-Vienne.

The majority of the area is at an altitude of between 600 m and 1000 m.
Long Đại River
The Long Đại River (Vietnamese: Sông Long Đại) is a river in Quảng Ninh District of Quảng Bình Province, North Central Coast region of Vietnam. The river originates in the Annamite Range and flows generally northeastwards. Its total length is 77 km (48 mi). The Long Đại River creates a narrow fertile plain by its banks. Then it meets the Kiến Giang River, and together they form the Nhật Lệ River. The Nhật Lệ River flows generally northeastwards before emptying into South China Sea at Đồng Hới. The Long Đại River used to cause flooding in the rainy season (from September to December). However, the severe flooding has been prevented thanks to the dam at its headstreams.

Đồng Hới
Đồng Hới (listenⓘ) is the former capital city of Quảng Bình Province in the north central coast of Vietnam. The city's area is 155.71 km2 (60.12 sq mi). Population as per the 2019 census was 133,672. It is served by National Highway 1A, the Đồng Hới Railway Station, and airport. By road, Đồng Hới is 486 kilometres (302 mi) south of Hanoi, 195 kilometres (121 mi) south of Vinh, 160 kilometres (99 mi) north of Huế and 1,204 kilometres (748 mi) north of Hồ Chí Minh City. It borders Quảng Ninh District on the west and south, the South China Sea on the east, Bố Trạch District on the north.

Đồng Hới has a 12-km-long coastline with white sand beaches. It is the closest city to Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park, UNESCO's World Natural Heritage Site, 50 km north.
D.I.C.E. Award for Mobile Game of the Year
The D.I.C.E. Award for Mobile Game of the Year is an award presented annually by the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences during the D.I.C.E. Awards. The award recognizes a game "for a mobile device platform such as a mobile phone or tablet. These games demonstrate a skilled usage of the device's software and hardware features to offer a unique and addictive play experience. All game genres are eligible. Mobile platforms include, but are not limited to iOS or Android". All active creative/technical, business, and affiliate members of the Academy are qualified to vote for this category.

The most recent winner is Persona 5: The Phantom X, developed by Black Wings Game Studio and published by Sega.

Mobile device
A mobile device or handheld device is a computer small enough to hold and operate in hand. Mobile devices are typically battery-powered and possess a flat-panel display and one or more built-in input devices, such as a touchscreen or keypad. Modern mobile devices often emphasize wireless networking, to both the Internet and to other devices in their vicinity, such as headsets or in-car entertainment systems, via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks, or near-field communication.
Switch (card game)
Switch (also called Two Four Jacks or Black Jack, or Last Card in New Zealand) is a shedding-type card game for two or more players that is popular in the United Kingdom, Ireland and as alternative incarnations in other regions. The sole aim of Switch is to discard all of the cards in one's hand; the first player to play their final card, and ergo have no cards left, wins the game. Switch is very similar to the games Crazy Eights, UNO, Flaps, Mau Mau or Whot! belonging to the Shedding family of card games.

Flaps (card game)
Flaps is a commercial card game released in 1994, and is a shedding-type card game for two or more players. It is based on the game Crazy Eights, and uses a custom deck of playing cards with additional rules written in both English and Czech. The game has seven levels, each level adding new functionality.

The aim of the game is to discard all of the cards in one's hand; the first player to do so wins the game.
Spoon Carter
Ernest C. Carter Jr. (December 8, 1902 – January 23, 1974), nicknamed "Spoon", was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1930s and 1940s.

A native of Harpersville, Alabama, Carter made his Negro leagues debut in 1932 at age 29 with the Memphis Red Sox and Birmingham Black Barons. From 1942 to 1945, he played for the Homestead Grays, where he won Negro World Series championships in 1943 and 1944. Carter went on to play into his late 40s, finishing his Negro league career with a return stint in Memphis from 1946 to 1948, where he was selected to play in the 1947 East–West All-Star Game. He later played for the Winnipeg Buffaloes and Elmwood Giants of the Mandak League in 1950. Carter died in Birmingham, Alabama in 1974 at age 71.

Memphis Red Sox
The Memphis Red Sox were an American Negro league baseball team that was active from 1920 to 1959. Originally named the Barber College Baseball Club, the team was initially owned and operated by Arthur P. Martin, a local Memphis barber. In the late 1920s the Martin brothers, all three Memphis doctors and businessmen, purchased the Red Sox. J. B. Martin, W. S. Martin, and B. B. Martin, would retain control of the club till its dissolution in 1959. The Red Sox played as members, at various times, of the Negro Southern League, Negro National League, and Negro American League. The team was never a titan of the Negro leagues like wealthier teams in northern cities of the United States, but sound management led to a continuous thirty-nine years of operation, a span that was exceeded by very few other teams. Following integration the team had five players that would eventually make the rosters of Major League Baseball teams and two players that were inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Assmus
Assmus or Aßmus is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernhardt Assmus (c. 1855–u?), German stamp forger

Eric Assmus (died 1937–1939), Russian ambassador

Gerhard Aßmus (born 1928), German sports shooter

Eric Assmus
Eric Assmus (Russian: Эрих А. Асмус died 1937/1939, literally Erih Asmus) was a Soviet diplomat of German descent.

Preceded by Boris Shtein, Assmus was Ambassador to Finland from 1935 to 1937. He contacted Finnish Prime Minister Toivo Kivimäki on 15 June 1935 that "in case of a military conflict in the Mainland Europe, the Soviet Union could be forced to occupy some parts of Finland". On 10 February 1936, Kivimäki reported his private conversation with Assmus to Juho Kusti Paasikivi:

"in case Germany starts a war to any direction, Russia is forced to annihilate Finland to defuse it. It is possible that the enemy great power could use Finland to attack Russia, and to prevent this Russia have to occupy Finland. According to Russian military experts this would happen in days".

After Assmus left Helsinki, he was arrested and executed by the NKVD during the Great Purge. In 1938, the NKVD agent Boris Yartsev started unsuccessful negotiations between Finland and the Soviet Union.
Nomzamo
Lwandle/Nomzamo is a small township in the Helderberg basin just outside Strand in the Western Cape of South Africa. Both names are sometimes used interchangeably referring to both places. This may be attributed to the fact that Nomzamo was born as a result of overpopulation in Lwandle area which initially designed as a cheap accommodation for "single male workers" during the apartheid years.

Strand, Western Cape
Strand (Afrikaans: [strant], lit. 'beach') is a seaside resort town in the Western Cape, South Africa. It forms part of the Eastern sub-region of the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality, situated on the north-eastern edge of False Bay and near the foot of the Helderberg Mountains. Its geographical position is between Somerset West and Gordon's Bay, and is about 50 kilometres (31.06 mi) south-east of Cape Town. Strand has a population of approximately 50,000.  Strand's main attraction is the beach; 5 km of white sandy beach off False Bay.

Strand is often referred to as The Strand (Afrikaans: Die Strand), which is the old name of the town.

The vehicle registration code for Strand is CEY and the postal code for street addresses is 7140.
Oskélanéo
Oskélanéo is a community in northern Quebec, Canada, within the boundaries of the City of La Tuque. It is located along the Canadian National Railway between Clova and Parent, on the shores of Lake Oskélanéo. The community is named after the eponymous lake and stream, meaning "bones" in the Algonquin language.

The little hamlet is home to a few hunting and fishing outfitters. The Via Rail train to the Abitibi will stop at the Oskelaneo River Station on request.

Outfitter
An outfitter is a shop or person that sells specialized clothes (an outfit is a set of clothing). More specifically, it is a company or individual who provides or deals in equipment and supplies for the pursuit of certain activities.

In North America, the term is most closely associated with outdoor activities such as hunting, fishing, canoeing, hiking, rafting and trail riding using pack stations. In this context, outfitters include those that offer services for outdoor tourism including accommodations and guide services. Many retail stores and chains that sell outdoor sports gear call themselves "outfitters", such as: Bass Pro Shops, Cabela's, Mountain Equipment Co-op, and REI (Recreational Equipment Inc.).
Vanguard Youth (Turkey)
Vanguard Youth, (Turkish: Öncü Gençlik), Vatan Youth, or Patriotic Youth is the youth organization of the Patriotic Party in Turkey. It was launched on 17 April 1994, during the Workers' Party period. Vanguard Youth is a legal left-wing nationalist organization.

Left-wing nationalism
Left-wing nationalism or leftist nationalism (in certain contexts also called popular nationalism by those who do not adhere to the left-right plane, or in contrast to conservative nationalism) is a form of nationalism  which is based upon national self-determination, popular sovereignty, and left-wing political positions such as social equality. Left-wing nationalism can also include anti-imperialism and national liberation movements. Left-wing nationalism often stands in contrast to right-wing politics and right-wing nationalism.
After the Ball (1932 film)
After the Ball is a 1932 British-American comedy film directed by Milton Rosmer and starring Esther Ralston, Basil Rathbone and Marie Burke.

It was filmed at Lime Grove Studios in West London. The film's sets were designed by Alfred Junge.

Lime Grove Studios
Lime Grove Studios was a film, and later television, studio complex in Shepherd's Bush, west London, England.

The complex was built by the Gaumont Film Company in 1915. It was situated in Lime Grove, a residential street in Shepherd's Bush, and when it first opened was described by Gaumont as "the finest studio in Great Britain and the first building ever put up in this country solely for the production of films". Many Gainsborough Pictures films were made here from the early 1930s. Its sister studio was Islington Studios, also used by Gainsborough; films were often shot partly at Islington and partly at Lime Grove.

In 1949, the complex was purchased by the BBC, who used it for television broadcasts until 1991. It was demolished in 1993.
ESL Pro League Season 2
ESL Pro League Season 2 (officially known as ESL ESEA Pro League Season 2; shortened as EPL Season 2) was an Electronic Sports League (ESL) Counter-Strike: Global Offensive tournament. It was the second season of the ESL Pro League. The Finals took place in Burbank, California, United States from December 10 to December 13, 2015. The regular season for Europe began on September 9, 2015, with Ninjas in Pyjamas beating Team EnVyUs and ended with Team EnVyUs defeating mousesports. North America's season began on the same date and kicked off with compLexity Gaming defeating Enemy and concluded with Team Liquid defeating Enemy. The season ended with Fnatic defeating Natus Vincere in a close best of five finals, 3–2. Teams from two continents, North America and Europe, competed in twelve team leagues and play against each other twice to determine the top four teams from each continent would play in the Finals.

Mouz
Mouz (stylized as MOUZ), formerly mousesports, is a professional esports organisation based in Germany. It fields teams in several games but is particularly known for its CS2 team. MOUZ was one of the founding members of the G7 Teams.
Ama District
Ama (海部郡, Ama-gun) is a district located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 74,009 with a density of 1,846 persons per km2. The total area is 40.09 km2.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Harry McCaffery
Harry Charles McCaffery (November 25, 1858 in St. Louis, Missouri – April 19, 1928 in St. Louis) was a 19th-century American professional baseball player.  He primarily played outfield for the St. Louis Browns of the American Association. However, his major league debut was with the Louisville Eclipse, for whom he played one game before joining the Browns.

Outfield
The outfield, in cricket, baseball and softball is the area of the field of play further from the batsman or batter than the infield. In association football (sin. soccer), the outfield players are positioned outside the goal area.
Ayako Hosomi
Ayako Hosomi (Japanese: 細見綾子; March 31, 1907 – September 6, 1997) was a Japanese haiku poet and publisher. Her haiku collections during her lifetime amounted to ten volumes.

Hosomi was born in Aogaki, Hyōgo. Her father was mayor of the town. In 1923, she enrolled in the Department of Japanese Literature at Japan Women's University.

Hosomi married the poet Kin'ichi Sawaki in 1947. She gave birth to her first child in 1951 at the age of 44.

Hosomi was a member of the Modern Haiku Association. She was awarded the Dakotsu Prize in 1979 and the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 4th class, in 1981.

Aogaki, Hyōgo
Aogaki (青垣町, Aogaki-chō) was a town located in Hikami District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,161 and a density of 71.71 persons per km2. The total area was 99.86 km2.

On November 1, 2004, Aogaki, along with the towns of Hikami, Ichijima, Kaibara, Kasuga and Sannan (all from Hikami District), was merged to create the city of Tamba and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Denis Calvaert
Denis Calvaert (Dutch: [ˈdɛnɪs ˈkɑlvaːrt]; around 1540 – 16 April 1619) was an Antwerp-born Flemish painter who spent most of his life in Italy, where he was known as Dionisio Fiammingo (Italian: [di.oˈniːzjo fjamˈmiŋɡo, djoˈ-]) or simply Il Fiammingo ("the Fleming"). Calvaert was a profound student of architecture, anatomy, and history. His works are characterized by their advanced composition and colouring.

Calvaert is well known for his drawings and small copper paintings.

Some of his best known works include his rendition of The Resurrection of Christ and Saint John the Baptist in the Wilderness.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
Theile
Theile is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Thiele (1920-2006), Australian author

David Theile (born 1938), Australian swimmer

Friedrich Wilhelm Theile (1801–1879), German physician and anatomist

Johann Theile (1646–1724), German composer of the Baroque era

Marie-Louise Theile (born 1966), Australian news presenter

Friedrich Wilhelm Theile
Friedrich Wilhelm Theile (11 November 1801, in Buttstädt – 20 October 1879, in Weimar) was a German physician and anatomist.

In 1825 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Jena with the dissertation-thesis De Musculis nervisque laryngeis. From 1828, with Heinrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Wackenroder, he was in charge of the pharmaceutical institute at Jena. In 1831 he became an associate professor, and three years later relocated to the University of Bern as a full professor of anatomy. From 1853 he practiced medicine in Weimar, during which time, he largely concerned himself with literary activities.
Op zoek naar Zorro
Op zoek naar Zorro (Looking for Zorro) is a Dutch television talent series broadcast on AVRO from late 2010 until early 2011. It documented the search for a new, undiscovered musical theatre performer to play the role of Zorro in the then-forthcoming stage production of Zorro, the musical with book written by Stephen Clark and Helen Edmundson and music by the Gipsy Kings and John Cameron. Produced by Eyeworks for the AVRO, the series was hosted by Frits Sissing and judged by Willem Nijholt.

The series follows previous collaborations between the AVRO, Willem Nijholt and others to find new musical theatre performers: Op zoek naar Evita which was won by Brigitte Heitzer, Op zoek naar Joseph which was won by Freek Bartels and Op zoek naar Mary Poppins which was won by Noortje Herlaar. 10 years later, it was followed by Op zoek naar Maria which was won by Nandi Van Beurden and Op zoek naar Danny & Sandy which was won by Tristan van der Lingen and Danique Graanoogst.

John Cameron (musician)
John Cameron (born 20 March 1944) is a British composer, arranger, conductor and musician. He is well known for his many film, TV and stage credits, and for his contributions to pop recordings, notably those by Donovan, Cilla Black and the group Hot Chocolate. Cameron's instrumental version of Led Zeppelin's "Whole Lotta Love", became a hit for his group CCS and, for many years, a version of Cameron's arrangement was used as the theme music for the BBC TV show Top of the Pops.
English Lowlands beech forests
The English Lowlands beech forests is a terrestrial ecoregion in the United Kingdom, as defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the European Environment Agency (EEA). It covers 45,600 km2 (17,600 sq mi) of Southern England, approximately as far as the border with Devon and South Wales in the west, into the Severn valley in the north-west, into the East Midlands in the north, and up to the border of Norfolk in the north-east. The WWF code for this ecoregion is PA0421.

European Environment Agency
The European Environment Agency (EEA) is the agency of the European Union (EU) which provides independent information on the environment in climate policy, biodiversity conservation and other environmental goals set by the country.