hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treaty of Stensby
The Treaty of Stensby was an agreement between king Valdemar II of Denmark and the Teutonic Order, signed on 7 June 1238 in Stensby on the island of Zealand in Denmark, and confirmed by Innocent IV in September 1243. The arrangement transferred northern maritime Estonia to the Kingdom of Denmark in exchange for military support.

The treaty concerned the following four ancient counties of Estonia:

Revala (Latin: Revalia; Danish: Reval; English: Reval), the area around Reval, modern-day Tallinn

Järva (Latin: Gerwia; Danish: Gervien; English: Jerwia)

Harju (Latin: Harria; Danish: Harrien; English: Harria)

Virumaa (Latin: Wironia; Danish: Virland; English: Vironia)

Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Latin: Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.

Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bologna. He was considered in his own day and by posterity as a fine canonist. On the strength of this reputation, he was called to the Roman Curia by Pope Honorius III. Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal and appointed him governor of the Ancona in 1235. Fieschi was elected pope in 1243 and took the name Innocent IV. He inherited an ongoing dispute over lands seized by the Holy Roman Emperor, and the following year he traveled to France to escape imperial plots against him in Rome. He returned to Rome in 1250 after the death of the Emperor Frederick II.

On 15 May 1252 he promulgated the bull  Ad extirpanda  authorizing torture against heretics, equated with ordinary criminals.
Collaborative International Dictionary of English
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (CIDE) was derived from the 1913 Webster's Dictionary and has been supplemented with some of the definitions from WordNet. It is being proof-read and supplemented by volunteers from around the world.

This electronic dictionary is also made available as a potential starting point for development of a modern comprehensive encyclopedic dictionary, to be accessible freely on the Internet, and developed by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a large and freely available knowledge base.

There are several derivative versions of this dictionary on the Internet, in some cases reformatted or provided with an interface:

Project Gutenberg, in the etext96 directory

The DICT development group

The GNU project's GCIDE

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Kurdology
Kurdology or Kurdish studies is an academic discipline centered on the study of Kurds and consists of several disciplines such as culture, history and linguistics. Kurdish studies traces its institutional history to 1916, when in St. Petersburg in the late Russian Empire, during World War I, Kurdology was first taught as a university course by Joseph Orbeli.

Joseph Orbeli
Joseph Orbeli (Armenian: Հովսեփ Աբգարի Օրբելի, Hovsep Abgari Orbeli; Russian: Иосиф Абгарович Орбели, romanized: Iosif Abgarovich Orbeli; 20 March (O.S. 8 March) 1887 – 2 February 1961) was a Soviet-Armenian orientalist, public figure and academician who specialized in medieval history of Transcaucasia and administered the Hermitage Museum in Leningrad from 1934 to 1951. He was the founder and first president of the Armenian National Academy of Sciences (1943–47).
2023–24 Azerbaijan Cup
The 2023–24 Azerbaijan Cup was the 32nd season of the annual cup competition in Azerbaijan. The winners qualified for the 2024–25 UEFA Europa League first qualifying round.

Qarabağ won the cup (their eighth Azerbaijan Cup win) on 2 June 2024, defeating Zira 2 – 1 in the final. Since they qualified based on league position, the Europa League spot was passed to the second-placed team of the 2023–24 Azerbaijan Premier League.

Azerbaijan Cup
The Azerbaijan Cup (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Milli Futbol Kuboku)
is a major association football competition in Azerbaijan. In its original form, it started in 1936, when Azerbaijan was a republic of the Soviet Union and it was not contested by Azerbaijani teams in the Soviet league pyramid.

Compared to major football competitions in many other countries, the tournament in Azerbaijan attracts considerably less public interest and even the cup final is rarely sold out. Consequently, the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan has experimented with the format in order to raise the profile of the competition.
L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève–Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue
L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève–Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue (French pronunciation: [lil bizaʁ sɛ̃t ʒənvjɛv sɛ̃t an də bɛlvy]) is a former borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, in the West Island area.

The borough was created following the municipal mergers of 2002 and consisted of the former municipalities of L'Île-Bizard, Sainte-Geneviève, and Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue. The latter two are widely separated portions of the Island of Montreal, and the first is a separate island, the largest of the City of Montreal besides the Island of Montreal itself.

Upon the demerger in 2006, the town of Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue voted to separate from the city of Montreal. The remainder of the borough remained in Montreal and became the borough of L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève.

Island of Montreal
The Island of Montreal (French: Île de Montréal, [il d(ə) mɔ̃ʁeal]) is an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, which is the site of a number of municipalities, including most of the city of Montreal, and is the most populous island in Canada as well as the world's most populous freshwater island. It is the main island of the Hochelaga Archipelago at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers.
1969–70 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup
The 1969–70 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup was the eleventh edition of FIBA's competition for women's basketball national champion clubs, running from November 1969 to April 1970. Daugava Riga defeated Wisła Kraków, which became the first Polish team to reach the final, to win its seventh title in a row. Albania withdrew from the competition.

TTT Riga
TTT Rīga is a professional women's basketball club based in Riga, Latvia. The abbreviation "TTT" stands for 'Tram and Trolley Trust'. The team held its first official game on 5 November 1958. The next 25 years are known as the First Golden Age of the club. Internationally, the club was also known as Daugava Riga, because Daugava was the predecessor of TTT Riga in the 1950s.
Medea (Seneca)
Medea is a fabula crepidata (Roman tragedy with Greek subject) of about 1027 lines of verse written by Seneca the Younger. It is generally considered to be the strongest of his earlier plays. It was written around 50 CE. The play is about the vengeance of Medea against her betraying husband Jason and King Creon. The leading role, Medea, delivers over half of the play's lines. Medea addresses many themes, one being that the title character represents "payment" for humans' transgression of natural laws. She was sent by the gods to punish Jason for his sins. Another theme is her powerful voice that cannot be silenced, not even by King Creon.

Fabula crepidata
A fabula crepidata or fabula cothurnata ('story/play in Greek boots', referring to the crepida and cothurnus) is a Latin tragedy with Greek subjects. The genre originated in adaptations of Greek tragedy beginning in  the early third century BC. Only nine have survived intact, all by Seneca. Of the plays written by Lucius Livius Andronicus, Gnaeus Naevius, Quintus Ennius, Marcus Pacuvius, Lucius Accius, and others, only titles, small fragments, and occasionally brief summaries are left. Ovid's Medea also did not survive.
Waterval (album)
Waterval is the twentieth studio album by the Belgian-Dutch group K3 and the first one with Hanne Verbruggen, Marthe De Pillecyn and Julia Boschman performing together. The album was released on 17 December 2021, produced by Studio 100. The first single from the album, called Waterval, was released on 27 November 2021, after Boschman joined the group having won the final of K2 zoekt K3 (K2 searches for K3). Tjikke boem was released as the second single on 20 April 2022.

In Belgium, the album immediately reached the first place in the Ultratop Albums Top 200 on 25 December 2021. This was the fifteenth time that a K3 album was in the first place. In the Netherlands, the album debuted at number two in the Album Top 100 at the same date. In February 2022, the album received a gold record.

The single Waterval became part of Just Dance 2022, a rhythm game developed and published by Ubisoft.

Studio 100
Studio 100 N.V. is a Belgian production and distribution company that specializes in kids & family entertainment content and operated their in-house animation studios such as their Australian animation company Flying Bark Productions and theme parks worldwide including their own international distribution division Studio 100 International alongside their main television channels such as Studio 100 TV. The headquarters of the company is in Schelle, along with offices in Breda, Munich, Paris, New York City, Sydney and Los Angeles.
New London Academy (Pennsylvania)
The New London Academy was the first public school established in Pennsylvania. It was formed in 1743, by Presbyterian minister Francis Alison, as a "Free School" in his home in New London, Pennsylvania. Among its alumni were George Read, Thomas McKean and John Dickinson.

During its early years, the school was run under the auspices of the Philadelphia Synod of the Presbyterian Church. The school changed its name and location several times, moving to Newark, Delaware, by 1765.

The original building in New London later housed the New London High School. Students from New London now attend the Avon Grove High School.

New London Township, Pennsylvania
New London Township is a township that is located in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States.  It was the birthplace of U.S. Founding Father Thomas McKean.

The population was 5,810 at the time of the 2020 census.
STRA8
Stimulated by retinoic acid 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STRA8 gene.

STRA8 is activated only upon stimulation by retinoic acid and expresses a cytoplasmic protein in the gonads of male and female vertebrates. It plays a key role in gametogenesis by inducing meiosis.

Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into various gametes, or by mitosis. For example, plants produce gametes through mitosis in gametophytes. The gametophytes grow from haploid spores after sporic meiosis. The existence of a multicellular, haploid phase in the life cycle between meiosis and gametogenesis is also referred to as alternation of generations.

It is the biological process of gametogenesis during which cells that are haploid or diploid divide to create other cells. It can take place either through mitotic or meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into different cells depending on an organism's biological life cycle. For instance, gametophytes in plants undergo mitosis to produce gametes. Both male and female have different forms.
Kaliopi
Kaliopi Bukle (Macedonian: Калиопи Букле, pronounced [kaliˈɔpi ˈbuklɛ] ⓘ; born 28 December 1966 as Kaliopi Bukleska (Macedonian: Калиопи Буклеска)), known professionally as Kaliopi, is a Macedonian singer-songwriter. In her career, Kaliopi has progressed from singing lead vocal with her eponymous band in 1980s Yugoslavia to being an established vocalist and composer working in North Macedonia and across former Yugoslavia. She represented Macedonia twice in the Eurovision Song Contest, first in 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan with "Crno i belo" and a second time in 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden with the song "Dona".

Split Festival
The Split Festival (officially Festival zabavne glazbe Split or Splitski Festival) is a pop music festival held annually, in July, in Split, Croatia. It has been held since 1960. It is one of the premier Croatian music festivals.

Since its inception, the festival has had over 800 compositions by the country's most famous composers (Zdenko Runjić, Arsen Dedić, Milica Milisavljević Dugalić, Đelo Jusić, Nikica Kalogjera, Rajko Dujmić, Zrinko Tutić, Đorđe Novković, Alfi Kabiljo), performed by some of the nation's best singers (Oliver Dragojević, Tereza Kesovija, Kemal Monteno, Radojka Šverko, Ibrica Jusić, Miki Jevremović, Meri Cetinić, Tedi Spalato, Zorica Kondža, Matko Jelavić) and groups (Dubrovački trubaduri, Pro arte, Indexi, Teška industrija, Novi fosili, Magazin, 777), Đorđi Peruzović, and others.
Víctor Sánchez (footballer, born 1976)
Víctor Sánchez del Amo (born 23 February 1976) is a Spanish football manager and former player who played as a right midfielder. He is the manager of Croatian Football League club Rijeka.

His crossing ability was among the qualities that brought him international recognition with Spain, and especially Deportivo. He started his career with Real Madrid and went on to win a total of seven major titles between the two clubs; over 11 seasons in La Liga, where he also represented Racing de Santander, he amassed totals of 310 matches and 49 goals.

After five years as an assistant, Sánchez began working as a manager in 2015. He notably won the 2024–25 Slovenian PrvaLiga with Olimpija Ljubljana.

1996–97 La Liga
The 1996–97 La Liga season was the 66th since its establishment. It began on 31 August 1996, and concluded on 23 June 1997. Five clubs were relegated to the Segunda División at the end of the season, as the number of La Liga clubs was reduced to 20 starting from the following season. This was thus the last La Liga season played with 22 teams.
Duck Patrol
Duck Patrol is a British television comedy series that originally aired between 19 July and 30 August 1998. Produced by LWT for the ITV network, it centred on a river police station by the River Thames. The series consisted of seven episodes: Flying Colours, Out to Grass, Occurrences, The Spirit of the Deep, Duck Turpin, River Rage, The Siege of Mallory Wharf.

The script for the pilot episode "Of Ducks and Men" was re-filmed with some changes to supporting cast and main cast uniforms, and retitled as "Flying Colours" which then became the first episode of the following series.

Water police
Water police, also called bay constables, coastal police, harbor patrols, marine/maritime police/patrol, nautical patrols, port police, or river police are a specialty law enforcement portion of a larger police organization, who patrol in water craft. Their patrol areas may include coastal tidal waters, rivers, estuaries, harbors, lakes, canals or a combination of these.
Algis Budrys
Algirdas Jonas "Algis" Budrys (January 9, 1931 – June 9, 2008) was a Lithuanian-American science fiction author, editor and critic. He was also known under the pen names Frank Mason, Alger Rome in collaboration with Jerome Bixby, John A. Sentry, William Scarff and Paul Janvier.  In the 1990s he was the publisher and editor of the science fiction magazine Tomorrow Speculative Fiction.

Lithuanian Americans
Lithuanian Americans refer to American citizens and residents of Lithuanian descent or were born in Lithuania.

New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has the largest percentage of Lithuanian Americans (20.8%) in its population in the United States. Chicago has historically had the largest number of Lithuanian Americans and the largest Lithuanian diaspora in the world. Lithuanian Americans form by far the largest group within the Lithuanian diaspora.
Antonio Goss
Antonio Derrell Goss (born August 11, 1966) is an American college football coach and former player.  He is the special teams coordinator and cornerbacks coach for Carson–Newman University, positions he has held since 2018.  Goss played professionally as a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons with the San Francisco 49ers and St. Louis Rams. He was selected 319th overall by the 49ers in the 12th round of the 1989 NFL draft. He won two Super Bowl rings with the 49ers and captain alongside Jerry Rice and Tim McDonald in Super Bowl XXIX.

Goss was a standout in high school sports, lettering in football, basketball, track, and baseball. His athleticism earned him All-American honors in football during his senior year.  Goss was  key member of Randleman's 2A state championship teams in 1981, 1982, and 1983 and was named captain of his football team his senior year.  He was inducted into the Randleman High School Sports Hall Fame in 2013.

Special teams coordinator
A special teams coordinator (STC) is a coach responsible for a gridiron football team's special teams unit. Generally, the special teams coordinator, offensive coordinator, and defensive coordinator represent the second level of a team's coaching structure, with the head coach being the first level. The primary role of the special teams coordinator is managing the roster of special teams players, overseeing the assistant coaches, developing the special teams game plan, and calling plays for the special teams during the game.

Unlike offensive or defensive coordinators, special teams do not usually employ individual position coaches, so special teams coordinators are directly responsible for the management and development of a team's kickers, kickoff specialists, punters, holders, long snappers, return specialists, upbacks, gunners, and jammers.
Deghele Community
Deghele Community is an indigenous Itsekiri rural community in Warri Kingdom. Princess Iye Akengbuwa founded Deghele Community for her son, Governor Chanomi. Princess Iye acted as the regent after the death of her father Olu Akengbuwa who was the last Olu of Warri before the interregnum in Warri Kingdom between 1888 and 1936. It is located in Warri South-West local government area of present-day Delta State, Nigeria.

Akengbuwa
Olu Akengbuwa was the 16th Olu of Warri who ruled over the Kingdom of Warri. He succeeded his father Olu Erejuwa I as the 16th Olu of Warri. He took the title, Ogiame Akengbuwa. He was also called Eyeolusan Joao. When he went to be with his fathers, there was a period of crisis following the death to the potential successors which was followed by a period of political Interregnum. His son Prince Oritsemone left Ode-Itsekiri during the period of the crisis to form Usele Community.
Nigeria women's national rugby league team
The Nigeria women's national rugby league team (nicknamed the Green Falcons) represents Nigeria in international rugby league football competitions.
They made their debut in 2023 with a 40–4 victory over Ghana.

In 2024 they beat Kenya in the first Women's Rugby League World Cup qualifying series to be played in Africa. Victory in the series made the team the first team to qualify for the World Series - the final qualifying competition for the 2026 Women's Rugby League World Cup. In the first game of the World Series, the Green Falcons won the first fixture played outside Africa beating Ireland 10–0 to earn a place in the World Series final against Fiji.

Since August 2024 the team's head coach has been Bolu Fagborun.

Bolu Fagborun
Bolu Fagborun Listenⓘ(born 28 March 1986) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who has played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at representative level for Nigeria, and at club level for the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League, the Rochdale Hornets, the Batley Bulldogs, and the Sheffield Eagles, as a wing. He is the current head coach of the Nigeria Women.
Matt Kelsh
Matthew Leroy Kelsh (October 4, 1904 – August 8, 1991) was an American football player.

Kelsh was born in 1904 in Dougherty, Iowa, and Dougherty High School. He played college football as a halfback for the University of Iowa from 1927 to 1929. He was declared ineligible in October 1929 for having participated in a professional game.

Kelsh then played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as an end  for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1930. He appeared in two NFL games.

Kelsh died in 1991 in Owatonna, Minnesota.

Owatonna, Minnesota
Owatonna (/ˌoʊwəˈtɒnə/) is a city in and the county seat of Steele County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 26,420 at the 2020 census. Owatonna is home to the Steele County Fairgrounds, which hosts the Steele County Free Fair in August. Interstate 35 and U.S. Highways 14 and 218 are three of the main routes in the city.
Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism
Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism. And Other Arguments for Economic Independence is a 2018 book by American anthropologist Kristen Ghodsee and published by Vintage Books.

In the book, Ghodsee argues that social safety nets create a fairer and better society for women. She argues that under unregulated free markets, the primary burden of parenting, elder-care and care for the sick falls on women who end up providing the labor for free. She uses case studies drawn from Eastern Europe to illustrate her argument. She rejects a return to 20th-century state socialism, arguing instead that some of the social safety nets found in Eastern Europe, as well as Scandinavia and Western Europe, would improve the lives of women.

Elderly care
Elderly care, or simply eldercare (also known in parts of the English-speaking world as aged care), serves the needs of old adults. It encompasses assisted living, adult daycare, long-term care, nursing homes (often called residential care), hospice care, and home care.

Elderly care emphasizes the social and personal requirements of senior citizens who wish to age with dignity while needing assistance with daily activities and with healthcare. Much elderly care is unpaid.

Elderly care includes a broad range of practices and institutions, as there is a wide variety of elderly care needs and cultural perspectives on the elderly throughout the world.
Wings of Fire (autobiography)
Wings of Fire is the 1999 autobiography of Indian aerospace scientist and former President of India, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. It was written by Kalam and Arun Tiwari.

In Wings of Fire, Kalam examines his early life, effort, hardship, fortitude, luck and chance that eventually led him to lead Indian space research, nuclear and missile programs. Kalam started his career, after graduating from Aerospace engineering at Madras Institute of Technology, at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and was assigned to build a hovercraft prototype. Later
he moved to ISRO and helped establish the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and pioneered the first space launch-vehicle program. During the 1990s and early 2000, Kalam moved to the DRDO to lead the Indian nuclear weapons program, with particular successes in thermonuclear weapons development culminating in the operation Smiling Buddha and an ICBM Agni.

Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is a major space research centre of ISRO, focusing on rocket and space vehicles for India's satellite programme. It is located in Thiruvananthapuram, in the Indian state of Kerala.

The centre had its beginnings as the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station in 1962. It was renamed in honour of Vikram Sarabhai, often regarded as the father of the Indian space program.  H.G.S. Murthy was appointed as the first director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.

The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre is one of the main and largest research and development establishments within ISRO. VSSC is an entirely indigenous facility working on the development of sounding rockets, the Rohini and Menaka launchers, and SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV and LVM3 families of launch vehicles.