hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Herd (1998 film)
The Herd is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Peter Lynch and released in 1998. The film documents the history of the Canadian government's failed Reindeer Station project of 1929, when it attempted to transport a herd of reindeer from Alaska to the Mackenzie River delta in the Northwest Territories.

The film blends archival footage with docudrama reenactments acted by a cast including Colm Feore, James Allodi, Graham Greene, David Hemblen, Doug Lennox, Don McKellar and Mark McKinney.

The film premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival. It received a television broadcast on CBC Television in 2001.

The film received a Genie Award nomination for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 19th Genie Awards.

Mark McKinney
Mark Douglas Brown McKinney (born June 26, 1959) is a Canadian actor and comedian. He is best known as a member of the sketch comedy troupe The Kids in the Hall, which includes starring in the 1989 to 1995 TV series The Kids in the Hall and 1996 feature film Brain Candy. He was a writer on Saturday Night Live from 1985 to 1986, and returned as a cast member from 1995 to 1997; and from 2003 to 2006, he co-created, wrote and starred in the series Slings & Arrows. He also appeared as Tom in FXX's Man Seeking Woman. From 2015 to 2021, he appeared as store manager Glenn Sturgis on NBC's Superstore.
Sărmașu massacre
Sărmașu massacre refers to the torture and massacre of 165 people, primarily Jews, committed by Hungarian paramilitaries in Sărmașu, Cluj-Turda County.

After Romania left the Axis powers and joined the Allies during World War II, between 5 September and 10 October 1944, Sărmașu came under the occupation of the Nazi-aligned Hungarian troops. During this period, Hungarian gendarmes and members of the Hungarian National Guard, led by captain of gendarmes Lánczos László, killed 126 local Jews (out of 142 who were living in the city at the time), as well as 39 Romanians, the latter primarily prisoners of war captured in the battles on the alignment of Oarba de Mureș–Luduș–Gheja–Chețani, during the Battle of Turda.

Chețani
Chețani (Hungarian: Maroskece, Hungarian pronunciation: [mɒroʃkɛtsɛ]) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. Its population was 2,857 in 2002. It is composed of seven villages: Chețani, Coasta Grindului (Berekszéle), Cordoș (Kardos), Giurgiș (Györgyed), Grindeni (Gerendkeresztúr), Hădăreni (Hadrév), and Linț (Lincitanyák).
10th Lux Style Awards
The 10th Lux Style Awards ceremony was held in Expo Center in Karachi, Pakistan. The show was hosted by Mahira Khan, Faizan Haque and from the members of BNN. The show had the performances by HSY and Reema Khan, Aaminah Haq, Ammar Bilal, Meera, Mahira and Ahsan Khan etc. Special tribute was paid to late Moin Akhtar. Some of the film and music categories were removed from the award.

Aaminah Haq
Aaminah Haq (Urdu: آمنہ حق, also variously spelled as Aamina Haq and Amna Haq) is a Pakistani model and actress. Haq has modelled for magazines including She, Libas, Visage, Woman's Own, Fashion Collection and Newsline. She also hosted three seasons of Lux Style ki Duniya, and hosted a chat show for Aag TV, called the Aaminah Haq Show. Haq has acted in a number of Urdu TV dramas such as Chaandni Raatain and Ghulam Gardish. She also appeared in the TV drama Mehndi: The Color of Emotions.
KK Millenium Strumica
KK Millenium Strumica (Macedonian: Струмица 2005; also known previously as KK Strumica 2005) was a Macedonian basketball club based in Strumica. It was founded in 1991 under the name Makedonija '91, and was later also known as Polo Trejd. After a change in leadership in 2005, the club became known as Strumica 2005 and new president, Pajanotis Karapiperis, formed a strong culture by bringing in significant players to the team. They become champions of the Macedonian First League in the 2006–07 season and were Macedonian Cup finalists in 2007 and 2008. However, following the 2007–08 season, the club canceled its participation in the First League and the newly formed Balkan League due to financial concerns. They continued to play in the Second League until 2012, where after winning the 2011–12 championship, they folded completely and merged with ABA Strumica.

Strumica
Strumica (Macedonian: Струмица, pronounced [ˈstrumit͡sa] ⓘ) is the largest city in southeastern North Macedonia and the country's ninth most populous overall, situated near the Novo Selo-Petrich border crossing with Bulgaria. About 54,676 people live in the city and its surrounding region. The city, which is the eponymous seat of the Strumica Municipality, is named after the Strumica River, a tributary of the Struma which runs through it.
Responsive predicate
In formal semantics a responsive predicate is an embedding predicate which can take either a declarative or an interrogative complement. For instance, the English verb know is responsive as shown by the following examples.

Bill knows whether Mary left.

Bill knows that Mary left.

Responsives are contrasted with rogatives such as wonder which can only take an interrogative complement and anti-rogatives such as believe which can only take a declarative complement.

Bill wonders whether Mary left.

*Bill wonders that Mary left.

*Bill believes whether Mary left.

Bill believes that Mary left.

Some analyses have derived these distinctions from type compatibility while others explain them in terms of particular properties of the embedding verbs and their complements.

Type theory
In mathematics and theoretical computer science, a type theory is the formal presentation of a specific type system. Type theory is the academic study of type systems.

Some type theories serve as alternatives to set theory as a foundation of mathematics. Two influential type theories that have been proposed as foundations are:

Typed λ-calculus of Alonzo Church

Intuitionistic type theory of Per Martin-Löf

Most computerized proof-writing systems use a type theory for their foundation. A common one is Thierry Coquand's calculus of inductive constructions.
Rodderberg
The Rodderberg is an extinct volcano in the east of the municipality of Wachtberg near Bonn, Germany. The last eruption was 250,000 years ago.

It is situated just above the  Rhine valley. Together with the Drachenfels directly opposite, the Rodderberg narrows the Rhine valley. This gorge portion is the southern limit of the lowland-bay of Cologne.

The Rodderberg offers views to the Siebengebirge, the Rhine valley and up to the Cologne Cathedral, about 50 km away.

Drachenfels (Siebengebirge)
The Drachenfels ("Dragon's Rock", German pronunciation: [ˈdʁaxənˌfɛls]) is a hill (321 metres (1,053 ft)) in the Siebengebirge uplands between Königswinter and Bad Honnef in Germany. The hill was formed by rising magma that could not break through to the surface, and then cooled and became solid underneath. It is the subject of much tourism and romanticism in the North Rhine-Westphalia area.
Mohammed Helmy
Mohammed ″Mod″ Helmy (Arabic: محمد حلمي; 25 July 1901 – 10 January 1982) was an Egyptian-German physician who was recognized by Israel as one of the Righteous Among the Nations in 2013, with his name being listed at Yad Vashem in the city of Jerusalem. Born in Sudan, he moved to Berlin to study medicine and was later involved in saving many Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. After World War II he was finally allowed to marry his love Emmi. In 2013 Helmy was the first Arab to be recognized as a Righteous Among the Nations; his nephews were summoned by Yad Vashem to receive the honour on his behalf, but were reluctant to do so because of the Arab–Israeli conflict, though they eventually attended the ceremony at the German foreign ministry.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Marie Maxime Cornu
Marie Maxime Cornu (July 16, 1843, in Orléans – April 3, 1901 in Paris) was a French botanist and mycologist. He was a younger brother of physicist Alfred Cornu (1841–1902).

He studied at the École normale supérieure, and in 1872 received his doctorate in natural sciences. He served as aide-naturaliste at Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, where from 1876 he worked as a lecturer of botany. From 1883 to 1901 he was chair of horticulture at the museum. In 1897 he was named president of the Société botanique de France.

He is remembered for his research of cryptogams, as well as his investigations involving agents of plant diseases, in particular Phylloxera vastatrix, a pest that caused extensive damage to French vineyards and negatively affected wine production. In 1896 he circumscribed the botanical genus Schoenlandia (family Tecophilaeaceae).

He is buried in the Pere Lachaise cemetery (Division 20), in Paris.

National Museum of Natural History, France
In France, the National Museum of Natural History (French: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [myzeɔm nɑsjɔnal distwaʁ natyʁɛl]; MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries,  is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the River Seine. It was formally founded in 1793, during the French Revolution, but was begun even earlier in 1635 as the royal garden of medicinal plants. The museum now has 14 sites throughout France.

Since the 2014 reform, it has been headed by a chairman, assisted by deputy managing directors. The Museum has a staff of approximately 2,350 members, including six hundred researchers. It is a member of the national network of naturalist collections (RECOLNAT).
Mesh Computers
PC Peripherals Ltd, trading as MESH Computers, is a private computer hardware company based in London, England. It manufactures personal computers and sells peripherals and other components. From 1987 until 2011 it operated as MESH Computers Ltd, and the day after the company entered administration the brand name was sold and continued to operate using the same logo and website under PC Peripherals Ltd.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
2022 Durand Cup group stage
The 2022 IndianOil Durand Cup group stage was played from 16 August to 5 September 2022. A total of 20 teams, consisting 11 ISL clubs, 5 I-League clubs and 4 Indian Armed Forces teams, competed in the group stage to decide the 8 places in the knockout stage.

Salt Lake Stadium
The Salt Lake Stadium, officially known as Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan (VYBK), is a multi-purpose stadium, used mostly for football matches, located in Salt Lake City, Greater Kolkata, with a capacity of 85,000 spectators. Named after Swami Vivekananda, the stadium is one of the home grounds of East Bengal FC and Mohun Bagan SG. The stadium hosted the final match of the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup, alongside other matches of the tournament.

The stadium switched back to natural grass from artificial turf, unveiled in a Kolkata Derby match between East Bengal and Mohun Bagan during the 2016 Calcutta Premier Division match.
Reignwood LPGA Classic
The Reignwood LPGA Classic was a women's professional golf tournament in China on the LPGA Tour. It debuted in October 2013 at Pine Valley Golf Club in the Changping District, a suburban area  northwest of central Beijing.

Shanshan Feng won the inaugural event with an eagle on the final hole to win by a stroke over runner-up Stacy Lewis.

In 2017, the tournament name changed to Alisports LPGA before being canceled.

Stacy Lewis
Stacy Lewis (born February 16, 1985) is an American professional golfer on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She has won two major championships: the Kraft Nabisco Championship in 2011 and the Women's British Open in 2013. She was ranked number one in the Women's World Golf Rankings for four weeks in 2013, and reclaimed the position in June 2014 with a victory at the ShopRite LPGA Classic for another 21 weeks.
Randall Dodd
Randall Dodd is the founder and director for Financial Policy Forum in Washington, DC, United States, a non-profit organization that deals with regulation of financial markets.

He received a Ph.D. in Economics from the Columbia University, where he specialized in international trade and finance. He has taught at both Columbia and Johns Hopkins Universities. He was also legislative director for congressman Joe Kennedy.

Joseph P. Kennedy II
Joseph Patrick Kennedy II (born September 24, 1952) is an American businessman, Democratic politician, and a member of the Kennedy family. He is the eldest son of former U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy, and he is a nephew of former U.S. President John F. Kennedy and former U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy. He is also the older brother of U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.

Kennedy served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from the 8th congressional district of Massachusetts from 1987 to 1999. In 1979 he founded and, until he was elected to the U.S. House, led Citizens Energy Corporation, a non-profit energy company which provides heating oil to low-income and elderly families in Massachusetts.
Stand Up (Right Said Fred album)
Stand Up is the fifth studio album by British pop group Right Said Fred. It was released by Kingsize Records on 	26 August 2002. Produced by Alex Christensen, the album  debuted at number nine on the German Albums Chart, following the success of their previous album Fredhead in the country. Stand Up'ss lone single "Stand Up (For the Champions)" went on to become a heavily used track at sports events all over the world.

Alex Christensen
Alex Christensen (born 7 April 1967), also known by his stage names Jasper Forks or Alex C., is a German dance music producer, songwriter, and DJ generally known as the face and one of the founding members of U96. Since 2002, he has been collaborating with Yasmin K.
Eesti otsib superstaari season 2
The second season of Eesti otsib superstaari started on February 3, 2008 and lasted until June 2008. The hosts of first season were replaced by two male comedians/actors, Ott Sepp and Märt Avandi. Heidy Purga, Mihkel Raud and Rein Rannap continued as judges.

Mihkel Raud
Mihkel Raud (born 18 January 1969) is an Estonian writer, music artist, actor, and a former member of the Estonian parliament. He is best known for his book  Musta pori näkku and as a former host of an Estonian talk show on TV3.
Pomatocalpa marsupiale
Pomatocalpa marsupiale, commonly known as branched bladder orchid, is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid that forms large clumps. It has many thick roots, branched stems, many strap-like, leathery leaves and up to many upward-facing green flowers with a cream-coloured or yellowish labellum. It usually grows on high on rainforest trees and is found between Sulawesi and tropical North Queensland, Australia.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Iaroslav Denysenko
Iaroslav Denysenko (Yaroslav Yuriyovych Denysenko, Ukrainian: Ярослав Юрійович
Денисенко; born 23 September 1991) is a swimmer from Ukraine who competes in Paralympic S13, SB13 and SM13 (individual medley) events. 
A five time European champion, in 2013 Denysenko won the World Championship in 50 metres freestyle S13, and has appeared in two Paralympic Games

S13 (classification)
S13, SB13, SM13 are para-swimming classifications used for categorising swimmers based on their level of disability. Jane Buckley, writing for the Sporting Wheelies, describes the swimmers in this classification as having: "Swimmers who are the most sighted but are considered to be blind according to the IBSA B3."
Vashegy
Vashegy is a Hungarian name of the following places, which were all formerly within the Hungarian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire:

Dealu Ferului, a village in the commune of Vințu de Jos in Alba County, Romania

Železník (village), in the Svidník District of the Prešov Region of Slovakia

Železna Gora, a village in the municipality of Štrigova in Međimurje County, Croatia

Vas-hegy, a mountain in the Alpokalja mountain range on the border between Vas County, Hungary, and Burgenland, Austria

Vințu de Jos
Vințu de Jos, also known as Vinț (German: Unter-Wintz, Winzendorf, Alvinz, Weinsdorf; Hungarian: Alvinc; Latin: Binstum; Turkish: Aşağı Vinçazvar), is a commune located in the centre of Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of eighteen villages: Câmpu Goblii (Unter-Eisenberg; Telekvinc), Ciocașu (Zoggesch; Csókás), Crișeni (Krieschen), Dealu Ferului (Eisenberg; Vashegy), Gura Cuțului (Gurrenkutz), Hațegana (Hetzingen), Inuri (Lilienfeld; Borsómező), Laz (Slawendorf), Mătăcina (Mattatschin), Mereteu (Merethof; Merítő), Pârău lui Mihai (Michelsdorf), Poienița (Pojenitz), Stăuini (Stabing), Valea Goblii (Goblsdorf; Goblipatak), Valea lui Mihai (Michaelsdorf), Valea Vințului (Wintzbach; Valye Vinci), Vințu de Jos, and Vurpăr (Burgberg-Walbersdorf; Borberek).
Aneuretopsychidae
Aneuretopsychidae is an extinct family of scorpionflies known from the Mesozoic. Fossils are known from the Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian) to the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian). It is part of Mesopsychoidea, a group of scorpionflies with siphonate proboscis. They are suggested to have been nectarivores, feeding off the liquid pollination drops of and acting as pollinators for now extinct insect pollinated gymnosperms such as Bennettitales.

Oxfordian age
The Oxfordian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the earliest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch, or the lowest stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 161.5 ± 1.0 Ma and 154.8 ± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). The Oxfordian is preceded by the Callovian and is followed by the Kimmeridgian.
Tracey Forbes
Tracey Forbes is a Canadian television writer and producer. She has worked on numerous Canadian and American television shows including Flashpoint, The Bridge, Spider-Man: The New Animated Series and Buffy the Vampire Slayer.  In 2012/2013, she co-created, wrote and executive produced the TV drama series Cracked on CBC in Canada.

Forbes also wrote the made-for-TV movie Booky's Crush in 2009, based on the Booky novels by Bernice Thurman Hunter, and Girlfriend in a Coma based on Douglas Coupland's novel.

Spider-Man: The New Animated Series
Spider-Man: The New Animated Series, or simply Spider-Man, is an animated superhero television series based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man and produced by Mainframe Entertainment, Marvel Enterprises, Adelaide Productions and Sony Pictures Television. Initially intended to serve as a continuation of Sam Raimi's film Spider-Man (2002), as well as a loose adaptation of the Ultimate Spider-Man comic books by Brian Michael Bendis, the show was made using computer-generated imagery (CGI) rendered in cel shading. It ran for only one season of 13 episodes, airing from July 11 to September 12, 2003, and was broadcast on cable channels MTV in the United States and YTV in Canada.

Initially connected to the Spider-Man film series, the series' events were contradicted by Spider-Man 2, rendering it a separate universe.
William Lewis (chemist, born 1869)
William Henry Lewis (1869 – 25 May 1963) was Professor of Chemistry at the University of Exeter for more than 30 years.

Lewis was educated at University College of Wales, Aberystwyth (as it was then known) and Jesus College, Oxford.  After graduating, he was a science teacher at Exeter School for seven years, before being appointed Professor of Chemistry at University College, Exeter (as it was then known) in 1901.  From 1925 until his retirement in 1935, he combined his position as Professor with that of Vice-Principal of the College, helping to publicise the institution throughout Devon. In his role as Professor, he was regarded as having built up the Chemistry department from nothing into a "strong and vital unit." He served on the council of the Royal Institute of Chemistry from 1924 to 1927.  He was awarded an honorary doctorate by Exeter University in 1957.

Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth University (Welsh: Prifysgol Aberystwyth) is a public research university in Aberystwyth, Wales. Aberystwyth was a founding member institution of the former federal University of Wales. The university has over 8,000 students studying across three academic faculties and 17 departments.

Founded in 1872 as University College Wales, Aberystwyth, it became a founder member of the University of Wales in 1894, and changed its name to the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. In the mid-1990s, the university again changed its name to become the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. On 1 September 2007, the University of Wales ceased to be a federal university and Aberystwyth University became independent again. The annual income of the institution for 2024–2025 was £124.8 million of which £19.2 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £130.3 million.
Nobre
Nobre is a Portuguese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfredo Nobre da Costa (1923–1996), Portuguese engineer and politician

Ana Luiza Nobre (born 1964), Brazilian historian and author

Anna Christina Nobre (born 1963), Brazilian neuroscientist known as Kia Nobre

António Nobre (1867–1900), Portuguese poet

Camila Nobre (born 1988), Brazilian footballer and futsal player

Carlos Nobre (rugby union) (1940–2014), Portuguese rugby union player

Dudu Nobre (born 1974), Brazilian singer and composer

Édson de Jesus Nobre (born 1980), Angolan footballer known simply as Edson

Fernando Nobre (born 1951), Portuguese doctor

Pacheco Nobre (1925–2018), Portuguese footballer

Márcio Nobre (born 1980), Brazilian-Turkish footballer

Marlos Nobre (1939–2024), Brazilian composer

Paulo Nobre (born 1968), Brazilian lawyer and rally driver

Fernando Nobre
Fernando José de La Vieter Ribeiro Nobre (born 16 December 1951) is a Portuguese doctor who is the founder and president of the Portuguese NGO AMI (Global Humanitarian Action). In 2007 he was voted as the 25th greatest Portuguese ever in the contest Os Grandes Portugueses, being the 5th most voted among Portuguese living people at that date. He was a candidate to the 2011 Portuguese presidential election.