hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Terra nullius
Terra nullius (/ˈtɛrə ˈnʌliəs/, plural terrae nullius) is a Latin expression meaning "nobody's land". Since the nineteenth century, it has occasionally been used in international law as a principle to justify claims that territory may be acquired by a state's occupation of it. There are currently three territories sometimes claimed to be terra nullius: Bir Tawil (a strip of land between Egypt and Sudan), four pockets of land near the Danube due to the Croatia–Serbia border dispute, and parts of Antarctica, principally Marie Byrd Land.

No man's land
No man's land is wasted, unowned land, an uninhabited or desolate area that may be under dispute between parties who leave it unoccupied out of fear or uncertainty. The term was originally used to define a contested territory or a dumping ground for refuse between fiefdoms. It is commonly associated with World War I to describe the area of land between two enemy trench systems, not controlled by either side. The term is also used metaphorically, to refer to an ambiguous, anomalous, or indefinite area, regarding an application, situation, or jurisdiction. It has sometimes been used to name a specific place.
Luge at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Women's singles
The women's luge at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada took place on 15–16 February at the Whistler Sliding Centre in Whistler, British Columbia. Germany's Sylke Otto was the two-time defending Olympic champion. Otto retired midway through the 2006-07 season in January 2007 to pregnancy and after suffering a crash at the track in Königssee, Germany. Erin Hamlin of the United States was the defending world champion. The test event that took place at the venue was won by Germany's Natalie Geisenberger. The last World Cup event prior to the 2010 games took place in Cesana, Italy on 31 January 2010 and was won by Geisenberger. Geisenberger's teammate Tatjana Hüfner, the defending Olympic bronze medalist, won the overall World Cup for 2009-10 season in women's singles.

Cesana Pariol
Cesana Pariol was the venue for bobsleigh, luge and skeleton during the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. The track, built for the Games, is located in Cesana Torinese. The €110 million venue had a capacity of 7,130 spectators, of whom 3,624 were seated. The track was closed in 2011 and has been abandoned since then. The track is scheduled to be demolished in summer 2026.

The track was considered for renovation for the 2026 Winter Olympics to host the sliding events, but the plans were turned down and a new track was built in Cortina d'Ampezzo for €119 million euros.
Akeneo
Akeneo is a technology company that develops product information management (PIM) and product data intelligence software to improve customer experience. The company was founded in 2013 by Frédéric de Gombert, Benoit Jacquemont, Nicolas Dupont and Yoav Kutner. Akeneo is headquartered in Nantes, France and has offices in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Italy, Israel and Australia with more than 400 employees. It has worked with customers including Shop.com, Fossil, Midland Scientific, Air Liquide, Rexel, Babolat, LVMH and Auchan.

Rexel
Rexel S.A. is a French company specializing in the distribution of electrical, heating, lighting and plumbing equipment, but also in renewable energies and energy efficiency products and services.

The group has 1,950 points of sale in 19 countries and employs more than 27,000 people. Rexel is listed on the Paris Stock Exchange.
Ibrahim Hesar
Ibrahim Fares Hesar (Arabic: إِبْرَاهِيم فَارِس حِصَار; born 15 November 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Iraqi club Zakho. Born in Argentina, he plays for the Syria national team.

Zakho SC
Zakho Sport Club, (Arabic: نادي زاخو الرياضي) also spelled as Zaxo Sport Club (Kurdish: یانا زاخو یا وه‌رزشی, Yana Zaxo ya Werzişî), is an Iraqi professional sports club based in Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Matsuda Norihide
Matsuda Norihide (松田 憲秀; ? – 1590) was a Japanese samurai and commander of the Sengoku period. He was one of the most important vassals of the Go-Hōjō clan and the salary he got was the highest among Go-Hōjō clan's vassals.

On the occasion of the Siege of Odawara (1590), he insisted on keeping Odawara Castle but later he secretly betrayed  Go-Hōjō clan and tried to join Toyotomi Hideyoshi. After the fall of the Go-Hōjō clan, he was ordered to seppuku by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. On the other hand, his second son Matsuda Hideharu became a vassal of Maeda Toshiie.

His cousin Matsuda Yasunaga died in the siege of Yamanaka Castle in 1590.

Yamanaka Castle
Yamanaka Castle (山中城, Yamanaka-jō) was a Sengoku period yamajiro-style Japanese castle, built by the Odawara Hōjō clan in Tagata District, Izu Province, in what is now eastern Mishima, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The ruins have been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 1988.
Trevor Clarke (politician)
Trevor Clarke MLA (born 28 July 1967) is a Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician, serving as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for South Antrim since June 2017, having previously served from 2007 to March 2017. Clarke is the DUP's Spokesperson for Policing.

Police Service of Northern Ireland
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI; Irish: Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann; Ulster Scots: Polis Service o Norlin Airlan), is the police service responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within Northern Ireland.

It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the Patten Report.

The PSNI is the third-largest police service in the United Kingdom in terms of officer numbers (after the Metropolitan Police and Police Scotland) and the second-largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of Garda Síochána in terms of officer numbers.
Touchard
Touchard is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Touchard (1876–between 1935 and 1945), French author

Gustave F. Touchard (1888–1918), American tennis player

Jacques Touchard (1885–1968), French mathematician
Touchard polynomials

Jacques Touchard
Jacques André Charles Touchard (1885–1968) was a French mathematician. In 1953, he proved that an odd perfect number must be of the form  or . In combinatorics and probability theory, he introduced the Touchard polynomials. He is also known for his solution to the ménage problem of counting seating arrangements in which men and women alternate and are not seated next to their spouses.
V. V. Lakshminarayana
Vasagiri Venkata Lakshminarayana is an Indian politician and retired Indian Police Service officer from Andhra Pradesh. He served as the Additional Director General of Police in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He is known for leading the investigations like OMC Scandal, Emaar Properties, Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy Case, Satyam Scandal and Disproportionate Assets. He had previously held the post of Joint Commissioner of Police of Thane, Maharashtra and before that as Inspector general of police Rank under Y-category security for dealing with high-profile corruption cases. He contested from Visakhapatnam constituency in the 2019 Indian general election from Jana Sena Party. He has resigned from the Jana Sena Party in 2020.

Inspector-general of police
An inspector-general of police is a senior police officer in the police force or police service of several nations. The rank usually refers to the head of a large regional command within a police service, and in many countries refers to the most senior officer of the entire national police.
Wang Zhongcai
Wang Zhongcai (Chinese: 王仲才; pinyin: Wáng Zhòngcái; born November 1963) is a vice admiral in the People's Liberation Army of China who is the current deputy commander of the Eastern Theater Command and commander of the Eastern Theater Command Navy.

Type 052 destroyer
The Type 052 (NATO/OSD Luhu-class destroyer) is a class of destroyers developed in the People's Republic of China (PRC) for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The Type 052 was an intermediate between the obsolescent Type 051 and the modern Type 052B destroyers. They were the first PLAN destroyers powered by gas turbines, and the first PLAN ships with modern combat direction systems (CDS). They were also part of the first generation of PLAN warships armed with surface-to-air missiles in the form of the short-range Crotale (called HQ-7 in Chinese service.)

The Type 052 used subsystems imported from the United States and the European Union. The embargo after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre ended the supply of and support for those subsystems, limiting production to two ships and likely affecting their operating efficiency due to system integration issues. Afterward, China turned to Russia and Ukraine for technology.
Big Fish & Begonia
Big Fish & Begonia (simplified Chinese: 大鱼海棠; traditional Chinese: 大魚海棠; pinyin: Dàyú Hǎitáng; Wade–Giles: Ta4yü2 Hai3tʻang2; lit. 'The big fish and the Chinese flowering crabapple') is a 2016 Chinese animated epic fantasy film written, produced and directed by Liang Xuan and Zhang Chun. The first animated feature film of B&T Studio collaborating with Studio Mir, it is a joint investment by B&T and Enlight Media. It was released in both 2D and 3D formats in China by Enlight Media on 8 July 2016.

Shout! Studios acquired the North American distribution rights, with a wide release on 6 April 2018 in co-distribution with Funimation Films. Manga Entertainment released the film in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 18 April 2018.

Chinese animation
Chinese animation or Chinese anime refers to animation made in China. In Chinese, donghua (simplified Chinese: 动画; traditional Chinese: 動畫; pinyin: dònghuà; lit. 'moving picture') describes all animated works, regardless of style or origin. However, outside of China and in English, donghua is colloquial for Chinese animation and refers specifically to animation produced in China.
Benjamin Lawrance
Benjamin N. Lawrance (born 1973) is a legal historian who works on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Africa, with a particular focus on West Africa. Until 2017, he was the Hon. Barber B. Conable, Jr. Endowed Professor of International Studies in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Rochester Institute of Technology. He works on comparative and contemporary slavery and trafficking, citizenship, human rights, and the law of asylum and refugees. He is currently Professor of African History at the University of Arizona.

Benjamin Lawrance currently serves as the Editor-in-Chief of the African Studies Review, the flagship journal of the African Studies Association.

Rochester Institute of Technology
The Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private research university in Henrietta, New York, United States, a suburb of Rochester. It was founded in 1829. It is one of only two institutes of technology in New York state, the other being the New York Institute of Technology.

RIT enrolls about 21,000 students, of whom 18,000 are undergraduate and 3,000 are graduate students. These students come from all 50 states in the United States and more than 100 countries. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff. It also has branches abroad in Croatia, Kosovo,  and the United Arab Emirates. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Athletics at the 2015 Parapan American Games – Women's 100 metres T36
The women's T36 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Parapan American Games was held on August 14 at the CIBC Athletics Stadium. The defending Parapan American Games champion was Nadía Schaus of Argentina.

York Lions Stadium
43°46′30″N 79°30′25″W﻿ / ﻿43.775°N 79.507°W﻿ / 43.775; -79.507

York Lions Stadium is an outdoor sports stadium on the Keele Campus of Toronto's York University in the former city of North York. It is home to the York Lions, the varsity teams of York University, the Toronto Arrows of Major League Rugby and Inter Toronto of the Canadian Premier League. The facility was primarily built for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, where it hosted track and field events and the opening ceremony. In 2021, the stadium's running track was removed to expand the playing surface used for football and soccer.
William Duell
Darwin William Duell (born George William Duell; August 30, 1923 – December 22, 2011) was an American actor and singer. He was known for his roles as Andrew McNair in the musical 1776, Jim Sefelt in the 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, and Johnny the Shoe Shine Guy in the 1982 crime comedy series Police Squad!. Described as a short, odd-looking character actor with a Shakespearean background, he had many minor roles in plays, films and TV series. His last work was a cameo in the 2003 film How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days.

How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days
How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days is a 2003 romantic comedy film directed by Donald Petrie, from a script by Kristen Buckley, Brian Regan, and Burr Steers, and starring Kate Hudson and Matthew McConaughey. Loosely based on the picture book of the same name by Michele Alexander and Jeannie Long, the plot concerns a women's magazine writer and an advertising executive who both begin a relationship with ulterior motives. While the story and characters in the film are original, the dating "don'ts" of the picture book are included in the film.

How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days was released theatrically by Paramount Pictures in the United States on February 7, 2003, and in Germany on April 17, 2003, and was a box office success, grossing $177.5 million against a production budget of $50 million. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Hudson and McConaughey's acting and chemistry, but criticized the script and predictable plot.
Signe Søes
Signe Søes (born 1983) is a Danish orienteering competitor. She won a silver medal in the short distance at the 2003 Junior World Orienteering Championships in Põlva. She placed fourth in the sprint, 10th in the middle and 12th in the long distance at the 2009 World Orienteering Championships in Miskolc. At the 2008 and 2010 World Cups, she placed 2nd. At the European Championships 2014 at Palmela, Portugal, Søes became European Champion in the middle distance winning a gold medal.

Palmela
Palmela (Portuguese pronunciation: [palˈmɛlɐ] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in Portugal. As of 2011, the population was 62,831, covering an area of 465.12 km².

The municipality is located in the Lisboa Region and Setúbal District, about 25 km (16 mi) south of Lisbon. The municipal holiday is celebrated on 1 June.
Mark Workman
Mark Cecil Workman (born March 10, 1930 – December 21, 1983) was an American professional basketball player from Charleston, West Virginia.  He played collegiately at West Virginia University. Workman was the first overall pick in the 1952 NBA draft, by the Milwaukee Hawks.

Charleston High School (West Virginia)
Charleston High School is a former high school that was located on the east end of Charleston, West Virginia. The school was consolidated with Stonewall Jackson High School on the west side of Charleston in 1989 to form Capital High School. Located on multiple parts throughout Charleston during its existence, the final site was on a parcel bordered by Washington Street East, Brooks Street and Lee Street, adjacent from CAMC General Hospital.
Steve Winn
Steve Winn (born 6 November 1981) is a Welsh rugby union player. A centre, he has represented Wales A and currently plays his club rugby for the Cornish Pirates having joined from the Welsh regional team Newport Gwent Dragons where he made 29 appearances.

Winn previously played for Bridgend RFC, Swansea RFC and Newport RFC.

Cornish Pirates
The Cornish Pirates (Cornish: An Vorladron Gernewek) are a professional rugby union team who play in the Champ Rugby, the second level of the English rugby union pyramid, and are the premier Cornish rugby club. The Cornish Pirates team are the 'First XV' of the Penzance & Newlyn Rugby Football Club, and play and train at their home ground, the Mennaye Field in Penzance.
Berane Municipality
Berane Municipality (Montenegrin: Opština Berane, Општина Беране) is one of the municipalities in Northern Montenegro. Its center is the town of Berane and until 2013, it covered an area of 544 km2. In 2013, however, the Petnjica Municipality was formed out of the eastern part of the Berane Municipality. In 2023, the population of the Berane Municipality was 24,645.

Lim (river)
The Lim (Serbian Cyrillic: Лим, pronounced [lîm]) or Vermosh River (Albanian: Lumi i Vermoshit) is a river that flows through Albania, Montenegro, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina and is 219 km (136 mi) long. It is also the right and the longest tributary of the Drina.
1999–2000 Harty Cup
The 1999–2000 Harty Cup was the 80th staging of the Harty Cup since its establishment by the Munster Council of Gaelic Athletic Association in 1918. The competition ran from 13 October 1999 to 12 March 2000.

St Flannan's College were the defending champions.

The final was played on 12 March 2000 at MacDonagh Park in Nenagh, between St Flannan's College and Our Lady's Secondary School, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Flannan's College won the match by 3–14 to 3–08 to claim their 19th championship title overall and a third title in succession.

Nenagh CBS's Niall McGrath was the top scorer with 3-28.

MacDonagh Park
MacDonagh Park is a GAA stadium in Nenagh, County Tipperary, Ireland.  It is the home ground of the Nenagh Éire Óg club and has often been used for inter-county matches, including some of Tipperary's National Hurling League fixtures.
Blast from the Past (Veronica Mars)
"Blast from the Past" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars, and the twenty-seventh episode overall. Written by Phil Klemmer and Cathy Belben and directed by Harry Winer, the episode premiered on UPN on October 26, 2005.

The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Veronica helps Jackie Cook (Tessa Thompson) deal with her purported credit card fraud. Meanwhile, the Sheriff's race heats up, and Wallace (Percy Daggs III) faces the complicated aftermath of learning that Nathan Woods (Cress Williams) is actually his father.

Private investigator
A private investigator (often abbreviated to PI; also known as a private detective, an inquiry agent or informally a private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigatory law services. Private investigators often work for attorneys to problem solve in civil and criminal cases.
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (video game)
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation is a video game based on the CSI: Crime Scene Investigation television series. The game was developed by Radical Entertainment (under the 369 Interactive label), published by Ubi Soft, and was released for the PC in 2003. It was also ported by EPCConnect, and published by Aspyr on the Macintosh.

This game, like CSI: Miami and CSI: 3 Dimensions of Murder follows a distinct pattern of five cases, with the fifth case tying together the previous four. The Xbox version of the game however, also contains the cases from its successor: CSI: Dark Motives.

CSI was a commercial success, with global sales above 500,000 units by early 2004. It received mixed reviews from critics.

Radical Entertainment
Radical Entertainment Inc. is a Canadian video game developer based in Vancouver. The studio is best known for developing The Simpsons: Hit & Run (2003), Scarface: The World Is Yours (2006), Prototype (2009) and Prototype 2 (2012), as well as entries in the Crash Bandicoot franchise. Radical Entertainment was founded in September 1991 by Rory Armes, Dave Davis, and Ian Wilkinson. It was acquired by Vivendi Games in 2005 and transferred to Activision in 2008. The studio faced significant layoffs in 2010 and 2012, with the latter causing it to cease development of original games and only support other Activision studios, until February, 24 2026 when the CEO Ian Wilkinson and COO Tim Bennison decided rebrand the studio's name to New Radical Games.
Cape Bojeador
Cape Bojeador (Filipino: Cabo Bojeador) is the northwestern tip of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is a headland on the South China Sea coast of the municipality of Burgos, Ilocos Norte, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Laoag. The cape is best known for its Spanish lighthouse, the most visited lighthouse in the country and a favorite shooting venue for local movies and television series.

Laoag
Laoag ([laʊˈag]), officially the City of Laoag (Ilocano: Siudad ti Laoag; Filipino: Lungsod ng Laoag), is a  component city and capital of the province of Ilocos Norte, Philippines.  According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 112,117 people.

It is the province's most populous settlement, as well as its political, commercial, and industrial hub. The Ilocos Region's busiest commercial airport is also built in Laoag. It is also the northernmost city in the Philippines.

The municipalities of San Nicolas, Paoay, Sarrat, Piddig, Vintar, and Bacarra form its boundaries. The foothills of the Cordillera Central mountain range to the east, and the South China Sea to the west are its physical boundaries.

Laoag experiences a prevailing monsoon climate of Northern Luzon, characterized by a dry season from November to April and a wet season from May to October. Despite being battered by powerful typhoons occasionally, Laoag can still be referred to as the "Sunshine City".
United States v. Gagnon
United States v. Gagnon, 470 U.S. 522 (1985), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a criminal defendant's rights under the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause were not violated by the in camera discussion between the judge and a juror. A defendant has the right to be present at any stage of the trial where the fairness of the proceeding would be impeded by their absence.

Due Process Clause
A Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets these clauses to guarantee a variety of protections: procedural due process (in civil and criminal proceedings); substantive due process (a guarantee of some fundamental rights); a prohibition against vague laws; incorporation of the Bill of Rights to state governments; and equal protection under the laws of the federal government.
1968–69 Yugoslav First League
The 1968–69 Yugoslav First League season was the 23rd season of the First Federal League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna liga), the top level association football league of SFR Yugoslavia, since its establishment in 1946. Eighteen teams contested the competition, with Red Star winning their ninth national title.

Yugoslav First League
The Yugoslav First League (Bosnian: Prva savezna liga u fudbalu, Serbian: Прва савезна лига у фудбалу, Prva savezna liga u fudbalu, Croatian: Prva savezna nogometna liga, Slovene: Prva zvezna nogometna liga, Macedonian: Прва сојузна фудбалска лига, romanized: Prva sojuzna fudbalska liga, Albanian: Liga e parë federale e futbollit, Hungarian: Első szövetségi labdarúgó-bajnokság) was the premier football league in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992).

The First League Championship was one of two national competitions held annually in Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav Cup being the other.

The league became fully professional in 1967.