hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1886 Galway Borough by-election
The 1886 Galway Borough by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of Galway Borough on 11 February 1886. The seat had been won by T. P. O'Connor of the Irish Parliamentary Party in the 1885 general election, but having been elected also in Liverpool Scotland, he chose to sit for the latter. The Galway seat thus became vacant, requiring a by-election.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Chang Fu-mei
Chang Fu-mei (Chinese: 張富美; pinyin: Zhāng Fùměi, born 10 October 1938) is a Taiwanese lawyer, historian, and politician. She served as the Minister of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission, subsequently Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission of the Executive Yuan in 2000–2008.

Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China, known commonly as Taiwan, which formerly ruled mainland China until 1949.

The Executive Yuan was founded in 1928. Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
The Nice Device
The Nice Device were a four-piece, female-fronted band formed in 2000. The band's music bridged the exploding garage rock revival scene and the Detroit power pop scene with a polished, yet slightly trashy sound filled with hooks akin to The Buzzcocks, The Pixies, and Blondie.

Michigan Building
The Michigan Building is an office building and the former Michigan Theater in downtown Detroit, Michigan. It was constructed in 1925 and stands at 13 floors in height. The building contains a bar, restaurant, retail space, office space, a parking garage, and the shared coworking space Cowork at The Michigan.

The current owner, Bagley Acquisitions Corp., offered the structure for auction in 2014 with a minimum requested bid of $1 million, but received no offers.

The high-rise was constructed in the Renaissance Revival.  The exterior of the building is faced with brick with terra cotta and granite accents.  The ground level contains retail space with large windows still framed by the original decorative metal work.
Lord-Lieutenant's Cadet
The Lord-Lieutenant's Cadet is seen as the aide and representative of the cadet forces to the British royal family and the Lord-lieutenant in an administrative county of England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland. Typically, one is chosen from each of the main cadet forces, the Army Cadet Force, Air Training Corps and Sea Cadets (United Kingdom). Occasionally, one may also be chosen from the Combined Cadet Force, Police cadets or the St John Ambulance Cadets. They are selected each year at the Lord-Lieutenant's awards in each county.

They provide an essential link between the armed forces and the local community, assist with recruiting within the cadet forces and assist the county's Reserve Forces and Cadets Association. The cadet from each arm of the cadet forces is selected and appointed based on their outreach and participation within their squadron, detachment or unit, and is seen as one of the highest achievements in the Cadet Forces.

St John Ambulance Cadets (England)
St John Ambulance Cadets is a youth organisation of St John Ambulance founded in England in 1922 for people aged between 10 and 17 to train them in first aid, social actions, wellbeing, communication and other essential skills.
As of December 2019, there were 8,071 Cadets in England.
Cadets take part in a variety of activities that consist of providing first aid at community events, learning leadership and training skills.

In 2020, the Cadet program was reviewed in which a new program was launched to reflect a more modern approach for young people. This includes the Grand Prior's Award, leadership courses and the development of the first aid courses provided. The program had been under design since 2017 and was an inclusive process including youth leaders from all four regions of the priory in England, St John Ambulance Wales, cadets from across the four regions and other stakeholders.
Methylaspartate ammonia-lyase
The enzyme methylaspartate ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.2) catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-threo-3-methylaspartate  mesaconate + NH3

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically ammonia lyases, which cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-threo-3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase (mesaconate-forming). Other names in common use include β-methylaspartase, 3-methylaspartase, and L-threo-3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase.  This enzyme participates in c5-branched dibasic acid metabolism and nitrogen metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, cobamide.

Cobamide
Cobamide is a naturally occurring chemical compound containing cobalt in the corrinoid family of macrocyclic complexes. Cobamide works as a coenzyme with some enzymes in bacteria. The cobalt atom may have a transferable methyl group attached. It is used for example in 5-methyltetrahydrosarcinapterin:corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein Co-methyltransferase.
Miles Jackson
Miles Jackson  was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  in 1654 and 1656.

Jackson was an alderman of Bristol and served as Sheriff of Bristol in 1631 and as Mayor in 1649. In April 1654, Jackson was elected Member of Parliament for Bristol in the First Protectorate Parliament. Some of the free burgesses petitioned against his return alleging he took the King's protestation and raised money for the king, but the sheriff and others dismissed these parliamentary nominees as "horse-stealers". Jackson was appointed Military Commissioner for Bristol in 1655. Jackson was returned for Bristol again in 1656 as replacement for John Dodderidge who chose to sit instead for Devon. He was military commissioner for Bristol again in 1659.

Jackson left a garden for charitable uses to pay for bread for the poor.

Bristol (UK Parliament constituency)
Bristol was a two-member constituency, used to elect members to the House of Commons in the Parliaments of England (to 1707), Great Britain (1707–1800), and the United Kingdom (from 1801). The constituency existed until Bristol was divided into single member constituencies in 1885.
Cervione Cathedral
Cervione Cathedral (French: Pro-cathédrale Saint-Erasme de Cervione) is a former Roman Catholic cathedral in Cervione on the island of Corsica, and a national monument of France. It was the seat of the Bishop of Aleria until 1801, when all Corsican sees were merged into the Bishopric of Ajaccio.

Diocese of Ajaccio
The Diocese of Ajaccio (Latin: Dioecesis Adiacensis; French: Diocèse d'Ajaccio) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the whole of the island of Corsica.

Erected in the 3rd century, the diocese was formerly a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Pisa. After the French Concordat of 1801, the diocese became a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Aix-en-Provence and Arles, until 2002 when it was attached to the archdiocesan province of Marseille. In 2012, in the diocese of Ajaccio, there was one priest for every 3,636 Catholics.
Echium sabulicola
Echium sabulicola (syn. Echium confusum Coincy,  Echium maritimum Willd.) is a plant in the genus Echium. It is a herbaceous biennial plant and grows up to 70 centimetres (28 in) in height. It is native to the sandy areas of the coasts of the western Mediterranean region from Spain east to southern France and Italy, including the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. The plant requires dry air and exposure to the sun.

The flowers have five sepals. Zygomorphous corolla of 12–22 millimetres (0.47–0.87 in) in width and has five petals. The plant blooms in the end of April and can bloom again in the autumn months with favourable weather.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Tornado outbreak of May 24–25, 1957
On May 24–25, 1957, a tornado outbreak primarily affected the Western High Plains, Central Great Plains, and Central Oklahoma/Texas Plains of the United States. 45 tornadoes touched down over the area, most of which took place across northern and western Texas, in addition to southern Oklahoma. Overall activity initiated over eastern New Mexico and spread northeastward as far as southwestern Wisconsin. The strongest tornado, which occurred in southern Oklahoma on May 24, was assigned a rating of F4 near Lawton. Anomalously, some tornadoes touched down during the early morning hours, rather than late afternoon or early evening, when daytime heating typically peaks.

Central Great Plains (ecoregion)
The Central Great Plains are a prairie ecoregion of the central United States, part of North American Great Plains.  The region runs from west-central Texas through west-central Oklahoma, central Kansas, and south-central Nebraska.

It is designated as the Central and Southern Mixed Grasslands ecoregion by the World Wide Fund for Nature.
Joseph Schooling
Joseph Isaac Schooling PJG (born 16 June 1995) is a Singaporean former professional swimmer who specialised in butterfly, freestyle, and medley events. He was the gold medalist in the 100m butterfly at the 2016 Olympics, achieving Singapore's first ever Olympic gold medal. His winning time of 50.39s broke multiple records at the National, Southeast Asian, Asian, and Olympic levels.

An alumnus of the Anglo-Chinese School, he subsequently graduated from the University of Texas at Austin, where he was a member of the Texas Longhorns swimming team, one of the top collegiate swim programmes under two-time United States Olympic men's head coach Eddie Reese. He first qualified for the Olympics in 2012 after winning the 200m butterfly at the 2011 SEA Games.

On 2 April 2024, he announced his retirement from competitive swimming to focus on his swim school and other business ventures.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Dolsko
Dolsko (pronounced [ˈdɔːu̯skɔ] or [ˈdɔːlskɔ]; in older sources also Dolško, German: Douschko) is a settlement northeast of Ljubljana in the Municipality of Dol pri Ljubljani in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Municipality of Dol pri Ljubljani
The Municipality of Dol pri Ljubljani (pronounced [ˈdoːl pɾi ljuˈbljaːni]; Slovene: Občina Dol pri Ljubljani) is a municipality in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the settlement of Dol pri Ljubljani. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Yellow Claw (DJs)
Yellow Claw is a Dutch DJ and record production duo from Amsterdam consisting of Jim Taihuttu, based in Bali, and Nils Rondhuis, based in Amsterdam. The duo's music is a mix of a wide range of genres and often incorporates elements from trap, hip hop, dubstep, hardstyle and moombahton.

Moombahton
Moombahton (/ˈmuːmbətɒn/, MOOM-bə-ton) is an electronic dance music genre, derived from house music and reggaeton, that was created by American DJ and producer Dave Nada in Washington, D.C., in 2009. Nada coined the name as a portmanteau of "Moombah" (a track by Surinamese house DJ Chuckie and Dutch producer/DJ Silvio Ecomo) and reggaeton (itself a neologism combining reggae with the Spanish suffix -ton, signifying big).
Cáceres Co-cathedral
The Co-cathedral of Saint Mary is a Catholic co-cathedral in Cáceres, Spain. It was elevated to the status of co-cathedral on 9 April 1957, sharing the seat of the Diocese of Coria-Cáceres with the Cathedral of the Assumption of Our Lady, in nearby Coria.

The co-cathedral was erected in the 15th century in a Gothic style, with the main portal following the Romanesque architectural tradition. Since 1986, it is an UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the rest of the city's Old Town.

The main 16th-century retablo, dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin, was carved by Roque Balduque and Diego Guillen Ferrant.

Coria, Cáceres
Coria (Spanish: [ˈkoɾja] ⓘ) is a municipality of Spain belonging to the province of Cáceres, Extremadura. In addition to the town of the same name, the municipality also comprises the settlements of Puebla de Argeme and Rincón del Obispo. With a population of 12,531 inhabitants, Coria is the fourth most-populated municipality in the province.

It is located on the Alagón river bank.

Coria preserves several monuments and holds an annual national tourist interest festival in honor of San Juan.
2004–05 UEFA Champions League qualifying rounds
The qualifying rounds for the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League began on 13 July 2004. In total, there were three qualifying rounds which provided 16 clubs to join the group stage.

Times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA.

Nyon
Nyon (French pronunciation: [njɔ̃] ⓘ; historically German: Neuis or Neuss and Italian: Nione, [ˈnjoːne]) is a municipality in Nyon District in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is located some 25 kilometers north east of Geneva's city centre, and since the 1970s it has become part of the Geneva metropolitan area. It lies on the shores of Lake Geneva and is the seat of Nyon District. The town has (as of December 2020) a population of 21,718 and is famous in the sporting world for being the headquarters of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and the European Club Association (ECA). It is connected to the rest of Switzerland by way of the Route Suisse, the A1 Motorway and the railways of the Arc Lémanique.
Gentzel
Gentzel is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Heiko Gentzel (born Erfurt in 1960), German politician

Inga Gentzel (1908–1991), Swedish runner

Ludde Gentzel (1885–1963), Swedish film actor, uncle of Inga

Peter Gentzel (born 1968), Swedish handball player

Ludde Gentzel
Ludde Gentzel (17 January 1885 – 5 March 1963) was a Swedish film actor and singer. He appeared in more than 30 films between 1916 and 1955.  As an actor, Gentzel often worked with fellow comedian Eric Abrahamsson.
James Simpkins
James Nathaniel Simpkins (November 26, 1910 – February 1, 2004) was a Winnipeg-born cartoonist and artist. He was one of the original artists at the National Film Board of Canada where he worked for many years before launching a successful freelancing career. His cartoon character Jasper the Bear was famous throughout Canada from 1948 to 1972 and remains as the mascot of Jasper National Park.

Ryerson Press
Ryerson Press was a Canadian book publishing company, active from 1919 to 1970. First established by the Methodist Book Room, a division of the Methodist Church of Canada, and operated by the United Church Publishing House after the Methodist Church's merger into the United Church of Canada in 1925, the imprint specialized in historical, educational and literary titles.

In 1970, the United Church Publishing House sold its trade publishing arm to McGraw-Hill, whose Canadian division was renamed McGraw-Hill Ryerson. All outstanding shares of McGraw-Hill Ryerson were acquired by McGraw-Hill Education in 2014. The UCPH still publishes religious titles under its own name, but no longer operates as a general market publisher of non-religious titles.
Mokvi (river)
Mokvi (Georgian: მოქვი; Abkhaz: Мықу) is a river in the Ochamchire Municipality of Abkhazia, Georgia. The river's length is about 47 km and watershed — 336 km2. It forms on southern slopes of Kodori Range, at 2560 meters above sea level. The river mouth with the Black Sea is near the village Jukmuri. Mokvi river feeds by snow, rain and groundwater.

Kodori Range
Kodori range (Georgian: კოდორის ქედი, romanized: k'odoris kedi Abkhaz: Кәыдрытәи ахықә, romanized: Kəydrytəi ahykə) is a mountain range in the west Greater Caucasus, in the eastern border part of Abkhazia, Georgia.
Grégoire M'Bida
Grégoire M'Bida Abéga (born 27 January 1955), nicknamed Arantes, is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He competed for the Cameroon national team at the 1982 FIFA World Cup.

Cameroon national football team
The Cameroon national football team (French: Équipe du Cameroun de football), also known as the Indomitable Lions (French: les lions indomptables), represents Cameroon in men's international football. It is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football, a member of FIFA and its African confederation CAF.

The team has qualified for the FIFA World Cup eight times, more than any other African team, and four times in a row between 1990 and 2002. However, the team has only made it out of the group stage once. They were the first African team to reach the quarter-final of the World Cup in 1990, losing to England in extra time. They have also won five Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon is the first and, as of 2022, only African country to win against Brazil in tournament play, defeating them in the 2003 Confederations Cup and 2022 FIFA World Cup by identical 1–0 scores.
2023 University of Brighton protests
The 2023 University of Brighton protests was a series of staff and student protests at the University of Brighton in England. The protests began on 15 May 2023 and concluded on 9 November 2023 after they failed to prevent 104 redundancies.

Student protest
Student protest or campus protest is a form of student activism that takes the form of protest at university campuses. Such protests encompass a wide range of activities that indicate student dissatisfaction with a given political or academics issue and mobilization to communicate this dissatisfaction to the authorities (university or civil or both) and society in general and hopefully remedy the problem. Protest forms include but are not limited to: sit-ins, occupations of university offices or buildings, strikes etc. More extreme forms include suicide such as the case of Jan Palach's, and Jan Zajíc's protests against the end of the Prague Spring and Kostas Georgakis' protest against the Greek junta of 1967–1974.
Postville Herald
The Postville Herald is the official newspaper of Postville, Iowa. It is also one of two official newspapers of Allamakee
. Seated at the hub of the four counties of Allamakee, Clayton, Winneshiek and Fayette, the Herald covers news and events in the four-county region.

Clayton, Iowa
Clayton is a city in Clayton County, Iowa, United States. The population was 45 at the 2020 census, down from 55 in 2000. Clayton is located adjacent to the Mississippi River and is only accessible via a steep road.
Iago Januario
Iago Ferreira Januario (born November 1, 1985) is a Brazilian former professional baseball first baseman. He represented Brazil at the 2013 World Baseball Classic.

He spent the 2010–2011 seasons as a pitcher for the Boston Red Sox Dominican Summer League team and was switched to first base when he signed with the Tampa Bay Rays in 2012 and played in the Venezuelan Summer League.

Brazil national baseball team
The Brazil national baseball team (Portuguese: Seleção Brasileira de Beisebol) is the national baseball team of Brazil. The team represents Brazil in international competitions. It is currently ranked 22nd in the world.

The Brazilian team was once nicknamed both as "Araras Azuis" (Blue Parrots) and "Os Carteiros" (The Correios Mailmans) due the main blue and yellow uniforms, but as 2025, there is not an official nickname or a widely known nickname.

Team Brazil will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.
HD 50499 b
HD 50499 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 154 light-years away in the constellation of Puppis.  The planet is suspected to be a gas giant with mass of 1.7 times Jupiter. It is a long period, taking 351 weeks to orbit the star. The planet's eccentric orbit passes through the average distance of 574 million km.

The planet was discovered by four team members including Steve Vogt in 2005 using their radial velocity method, which used to measure changes in red- and blue-shifting of the star that indicate the presence of planets caused by gravitational tug. He also indicated the existence of two additional outer planets.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.
Mervyn Sandri
Mervyn Francis Sandri (20 January 1932 – 16 January 2016) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played one first-class match for Otago during the 1956–57 season.

Sandri was born at Roxburgh in Central Otago in 1932. He played club cricket for Albion in Oamaru for many years and was regarded as a "very effective" bowler. He took nine wickets in an innings for the club as late as the 1963–64, bolding his medium-pace deliveries "accurately" and taking the catch to dismiss the other batsman during the innings, and was described as a "long standing" member of the North Otago team, playing Hawke Cup cricket for it between 1958–59 and 1972–73.

After playing for North Otago and age-group cricket for Otago, Sandri played his only first-class match for Otago against the touring Australian Test side in February 1957. Opening the bowling he did not take a wicket, although he made scores of 25 and two in Otago's innings defeat.

Sandri died at Oamaru in 2016. He was aged 83.

Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 1956–57
An Australian national cricket team captained by Ian Craig toured New Zealand between February and April 1957. They played 12 matches, seven of which were first-class, including three matches against New Zealand, but these were not granted Test status. The Australians won one and drew two of the international matches, and won the other four first-class matches.