hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eklavya Technology Channel
Eklavya Technology Channel is a distant learning joint initiative between the IIT and IGNOU. It was inaugurated by Prof. Murli Manohar Joshi, Honourable Minister, HRD, S&T and Ocean Development on 26 January 2003.

The objective of this initiative is to bring to the audience the actual IIT classrooms virtually at their door steps. It is a channel dedicated to technical education and shall run programs generated at different IITs. The channel is designed to carry video courses in different disciplines generated at various IITs on weekdays and special interest programs on Sundays. Currently, eight complete courses are being run in parallel, contributed by IIT Delhi, IIT Kharagpur and IIT Madras and are repeated in the same sequence without a break.

IIT Madras
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras or IITM) is a public institute of technology located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Along with being recognized as an Institute of Eminence, IIT Madras is widely regarded as one of India’s most prestigious higher education institutions, consistently ranking first nationally in engineering and overall categories by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) for many years.

As an Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Madras is also recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. Founded in 1959 with technical, academic and financial assistance from the government of West Germany, IITM was the third Indian Institute of Technology to be established.
Beekeeping in Ireland
Beekeeping is first recorded in Ireland in the seventh century. It has seen a surge in popularity in modern times, with the membership of beekeeping associations exceeding 4,500. The median average number of hives per beekeeper is three hives, while the average honey output per hive is 11.4 kg (25 lb). The growth in the practice has occurred despite increased pressures on bees and beekeepers due to habitat loss, parasites and diseases, which has contributed to deaths approaching half of all honeybees in Ireland.

Apimondia
Apimondia or International Federation of Beekeepers' Associations promotes scientific, ecological, social and economic apicultural development in all countries and the cooperation of beekeepers` associations, scientific bodies and of individuals involved in apiculture worldwide. The name Apimondia is a compound word made from two words; api, referring to honey bees, and mondia, referring to the world.

The federation issues a journal, Apiacta. The 2003 and 2004 issues are available online free of charge.

Since 1897, every other year Apimondia organizes beekeepers' congresses, hosted by different countries.

Apimondia maintains seven scientific commissions and five regional commissions for the purposes of furthering scientific understanding of apiculture and to facilitate exchange of information.

The scientific commissions include:

Beekeeping Economy

Bee Health

Bee Biology

Pollination and Bee Flora

Beekeeping Technology and Quality

Apitherapy

Beekeeping for Rural Development
Aar Dam
The Aar Dam and its reservoir, the Aartalsee, lie in the upper Aar valley in the German state of Hesse. Both are in the municipalities of Bischoffen and Hohenahr in the county of Lahn-Dill-Kreis and about 15 km northwest of the town of Gießen in Hesse. On the lakeshores lie the villages of Ahrdt and Mudersbach, both part of the parish of Hohenahr. Since 1991 the dam has impounded the River Aar, a left-hand tributary of the Dill in the Gladenbach Uplands. The reservoir is also fed by the Stadterbach, Wilsbach (into the forebay), Weidbach and Meerbach (into the main reservoir).

Giessen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German (German pronunciation: [ˈɡiːsn̩] ⓘ), is a town in the German state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen. The population is approximately 90,000, with roughly 37,000 university students.

The name comes from Giezzen, as it was first referred to in 1197, which refers to the position of the town between several rivers, lakes and streams. The largest river in Giessen is the Lahn, which divides the town in two parts (west and east), roughly 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Frankfurt am Main. Giessen is also home to the University of Giessen.

In 1969, the town hosted the ninth Hessentag state festival.
Driving Miss Daisy (2014 film)
Driving Miss Daisy is a filmed performance of the 2013 Australian theatrical production of the Pulitzer Prize-winning 1987 play of the same name by Alfred Uhry starring Angela Lansbury, James Earl Jones and Boyd Gaines. It was produced as a 2014 film by Broadway Near You (United States) in association with Umbrella Entertainment (Australia).

Alfred Uhry
Alfred Fox Uhry (born December 3, 1936) is an American playwright and screenwriter. He is the recipient of two Tony Awards and the  Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Driving Miss Daisy, as well as the Academy Award for the 1989 film adaptation of the play. He is a member of the Fellowship of Southern Writers.
John Chalmers (moderator)
John Chalmers, KHC is a minister of the Church of Scotland. From 2010 to 2017, he served as the Principal Clerk to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. In 2014, following the withdrawal of Angus Morrison on health grounds, he was nominated to be Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland for 2014–15; he was duly formally elected as Moderator on the first day of the General Assembly's week-long annual session. He succeeded Lorna Hood as Moderator. After serving his one-year term, he was succeeded by Angus Morrison. He is a Chaplain in Ordinary to the King - a member of the Ecclesiastical Household in Scotland.

Honorary Chaplain to the King
An Honorary Chaplain to the King is a member of the clergy within the United Kingdom who, through long and distinguished service, is appointed to minister to the monarch of the United Kingdom. When the reigning monarch is female, Honorary Chaplains are known as Honorary Chaplains to the Queen. As of 2008 there are 33 appointees.  They are also known as Honorary Chaplains to the Sovereign.

Honorary Chaplains wear a scarlet cassock and a special bronze badge consisting of the royal cypher and crown within an oval wreath. The badge is worn below medal ribbons or miniature medals during the conduct of religious services on the left side of the scarf by chaplains who wear the scarf and on academic or ordinary clerical dress by other chaplains.

Ten ministers of the Church of Scotland are appointed as Chaplains to the King in Scotland.

The monarch may also, as circumstances dictate, appoint extra chaplains.
2024 Gabonese constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held and approved in Gabon on 16 November 2024. The vote was on a new constitution; it proposed, among other things, a 7-year presidential term, renewable once consecutively. The referendum led to the return to a civilian regime which the military junta promised after the coup d'état in 2023.

Constitutional Court of Gabon
The Constitutional Court of Gabon (French: Cour Constitutionnelle de la république gabonaise or Cour constitutionnelle du Gabon) is a specialised court in Gabon with jurisdiction over constitutional issues. A constitutional court of this nature is more common among countries using the civil law. It has nine members and was established by the National Assembly in July 1991.

The current president of the court is Dieudonné Aba'A Oyono. Marie-Madeleine Mborantsuo, the court's first president, was considered close to former presidents of Gabon, Omar Bongo and Ali Bongo.  She served in the role for 32 years, from the creation of the court until 2023.
Psi2 Piscium
Psi2 Piscium (ψ2 Piscium) is a white-hued star in the zodiac constellation of Pisces. It is faintly visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +5.56. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 8.66 mas as seen from Earth, it is located about 380 light years from the Sun. It has a peculiar velocity of 14.6±2.9 km/s, indicating it is a runaway star.

This is a suspected binary star system, with a companion star at an angular separation of 0.357±0.002 arc seconds along a position angle of 174.99°±0.30° from the primary, as of 2008. This corresponds to a projected separation of 16.88±0.62 AU. The brighter component is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A3 V. The system is a source of X-ray emission with a luminosity of 143.9×1020 W, which is most likely originating from the cooler companion since A-type main sequence stars are not expected to be magnetically active.

Angular distance
Angular distance or angular separation is the measure of the angle between the orientation of two straight lines, rays, or vectors in three-dimensional space, or the central angle subtended by the radii through two points on a sphere. When the rays are lines of sight from an observer to two points in space, it is known as the apparent distance or apparent separation.

Angular distance appears in mathematics (in particular geometry and trigonometry) and all natural sciences (e.g., kinematics, astronomy, and geophysics). In the classical mechanics of rotating objects, it appears alongside angular velocity, angular acceleration, angular momentum, moment of inertia and torque.
Klaas van der Horst
Klaas van der Horst (Amsterdam, 15 September 1731 - Haarlem, 1 May 1825) was a Dutch Mennonite teacher and minister.

Klaas was trained at the Mennonite seminary in Amsterdam, and served in Goes 1752-1757, Zwolle 1757, and Leiden 1757-1761 before moving to the Doopsgezinde kerk, Haarlem where he served 1761-1825. During his service the congregations of the Haarlem Mennonite community were united (the largest were Vlaamse Blok and Waterlanders) in 1784 and the sermon he gave on this occasion based on John 15:14 was published by his friend Adriaan Loosjes.

He had been friends with Pieter Teyler van der Hulst and was named in his will as member of the Teylers First Society, a position which he filled from 1778 until his death in 1825. He lived to a great age.

Songbook published in 1804 with 74 lyrics by Aagje Deken and forward signed by van der Horst

Teylers Eerste Genootschap
Teylers Eerste Genootschap (English: Teyler's First Society), also known as the Godgeleerd Genootschap (Theological Society) is one of the two societies founded within the Teylers Stichting as a result of the will of the Dutch 18th-century merchant Pieter Teyler van der Hulst. The First Society is focused on theology, while the Second Society is focused on art and science.
Kill the Umpire
Kill the Umpire is a 1950 baseball comedy film starring William Bendix and Una Merkel, directed by Lloyd Bacon and written by Frank Tashlin.

Bendix had portrayed baseball legend Babe Ruth two years earlier in the biographical film The Babe Ruth Story.

Lloyd Bacon
Lloyd Francis Bacon (December 4, 1889 – November 15, 1955) was an American screen, stage, and vaudeville actor and film director. As a director, he made films in numerous genres, including westerns, musicals, comedies, gangster films, and crime dramas. He was one of the directors at Warner Bros. in the 1930s who helped give that studio its reputation for gritty, fast-paced "torn from the headlines" action films. And, in directing Warner Bros.' 42nd Street, he joined the movie's song-and-dance-number director, Busby Berkeley, in contributing to "an instant and enduring classic [that] transformed the musical genre".
1891 Wimbledon Championships
The 1891 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 29 June until 9 July. It was the 15th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1891. There were 22 competitors for the men's singles. Wilfred Baddeley was 19 years, 5 months and 23 days old when he won the men's singles final on 4 July.  The ladies' singles and men's doubles were held after the men's singles had been completed.

Joshua Pim
Dr Joshua Pim FRCSI (20 May 1869 – 15 April 1942) was a medical doctor and Irish amateur tennis player. He won the Wimbledon men's singles title two years in a row, in 1893 and 1894, and was ranked British number one in both those years. He won the Wimbledon men's doubles in 1890 and 1893.
HMS Nassau
Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Nassau, after King William III who was of the House of Orange-Nassau, with the County of Nassau being a subsidiary holding of that family:

HMS Nassau (1672) was a 4-gun fluyt captured from the Dutch in 1672 and given away later that year.

HMS Nassau (1699) was an 80-gun third-rate ship of the line launched in 1699 and wrecked in 1706.

HMS Nassau (1706) was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line launched in 1706, rebuilt in 1740 and sold in 1770.

HMS Nassau (1785) was a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line launched in 1785. She was converted into a 36-gun troopship in 1799 and was wrecked later that year.

HMS Nassau was a 64-gun third rate originally named HMS Holstein, which the British captured at the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801. She was renamed HMS Nassau in 1805 and was sold in 1814.

HMS Nassau (1866) was a wooden screw gunvessel launched in 1866, having been completed as a survey ship. She was broken up in 1880.

HMS Nassau (1706)
HMS Nassau was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Portsmouth Dockyard and launched on 9 January 1706.

Orders were issued on 25 May 1736 directing Nassau to be taken to pieces and rebuilt according to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment at Chatham, from where she was relaunched on 25 September 1740.

In February 1747 Nassau was listed as under the command of Captain Holcombe. In May of that year, Nassau captured on passage from Corsica to Genoa two troop transports carrying 210 Spanish and French soldiers and officers.

In 1758 she participated in the British Capture of Senegal, captained by Captain James Sayer.

Nassau was sold out of the navy in 1770.
Chợ Lớn province
Chợ Lớn (listenⓘ) was former province of South Vietnam. It was established in December 1899 when Gia Định province was split to four smaller provinces. In 1901 its population was 184,151, 1916 census was 212,536, and February 15, 1920, census was 205,657.

In 1940 it had 4 districts: Đức Hòa, Cần Giuộc, Cần Đước and Trung Quận.
On June 27, 1951, it was merged with Bà Rịa province to form Chợ Lớn-Bà Rịa province.

Later Cần Giuộc, Bến Lức and Đức Hòa districts were merged to Long An province. Bình Chánh District (formerly known as Trung Quận) was merged to Gia Định province and lately was belong to Saigon.

Long An province
Long An was a province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam. The provincial capital is Tân An city, and other major districts and town include Kiến Tường, Bến Lức, Cần Giuộc and Đức Hòa. There are 15 districts within the province (included 1 provincial capital city and 1 district-level town).

The region is between Ho Chi Minh City and Southeast region in the north and the Mekong Delta. Because of its low lying geography, it is susceptible to sea level rise caused by climate change.

On 12 June 2025, Long An was incorporated into Tây Ninh province.
Guy Loando Mboyo
Guy Loando Mboyo (born February 5, 1983) is a lawyer, Congolese politician and a member of the Senate of Democratic Republic of the Congo since 2019 who was appointed Minister of State in charge of Regional Planning since April 2021. He is the founder of the Widal Foundation in September 2018.

L'Harmattan
Éditions L'Harmattan, usually known simply as L'Harmattan (French: [laʁmatɑ̃]), is one of the largest French book publishers, founded by Denis Pryen and Robert Ageneau in 1975. It specialises in non-fiction books with a particular focus on Sub-Saharan Africa. It is named after the Harmattan, a trade wind in West Africa.

Éditions L'Harmattan, which initially specialized in publishing French-language works in the humanities and social sciences, has four publishing houses in Europe, eleven in Africa, and two bookstores in Paris.
Diapleuridae
Diapleuridae is a family of glass sponges (class Hexactinellida) in the order Lychniscosida. The only living species, Scleroplegma lanterna, is endemic to the waters around Cuba and St. Croix in the Caribbean Sea.

Saint Croix
Saint Croix (/krɔɪ/ KROY; Spanish: Santa Cruz; Dutch: Sint-Kruis; French: Sainte-Croix; Danish and Norwegian: Sankt Croix; Taino: Ay Ay) is an island in the Caribbean, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States.

St. Croix is the largest of the territory's islands. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 41,004. The island's highest point is Mount Eagle, at 355 meters (1,165 ft). St. Croix's nickname is "Twin City", for its two towns, Frederiksted on the western end and Christiansted on the northeast part of the island.
Comiston
Comiston (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Chaluim, IPA:[ˈpaleˈxaɫ̪ɯim]) is a suburb of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is south of Morningside and west of the Braid Hills, linking the suburbs of Oxgangs and Fairmilehead.

The main road through the area, Comiston Road, is a continuation of Morningside Road, and further south becomes Biggar Road. It is classified as the A702 which runs eventually to Biggar. A part of Comiston Road has signage as Pentland Terrace, the name of a terrace of Victorian houses set back from, and above Comiston Road, with a roadway of its own immediately in front of the houses.

Comiston House was owned by the Forrest baronets. Sir James Forrest, 1st Baronet, Lord Provost of Edinburgh, occupied it from  1837 to 1843. Its grounds now form Fairmilehead Public Park.

Lord Provost of Edinburgh
The Right Honourable Lord Provost of Edinburgh is elected by and is the convener of the City of Edinburgh Council and serves not only as the chair of that body, but as a figurehead for the entire city, ex officio the Lord-Lieutenant of Edinburgh and honorarily the Admiral of the Firth of Forth. It is the equivalent in many ways to the institution of  Mayor that exists in many other countries.

While some of Scotland's local authorities elect a Provost, only the four main cities (Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Dundee) have a Lord Provost. In Edinburgh this position dates from 1667, when Charles II elevated the Provost to the status of Lord Provost, with the same rank and precedence as the Lord Mayor of London. The title of Lord Provost is enshrined in the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994.
Shakopee Creek
Shakopee Creek is a 48.6-mile-long (78.2 km) tributary of the Chippewa River of Minnesota, United States.  It is part of the Minnesota River drainage basin, flowing to the Mississippi River. It rises in Kandiyohi County at the outlet of Andrew Lake, with its major headwaters being an outlet from Games Lake about 7 miles (11 km) west northwest of New London. From Andrew it flows westerly into Swift County, where it passes near Kerkhoven. The creek briefly dips southward into Chippewa County, then reenters Swift County and continues to its mouth at the Chippewa River, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Benson.

Shakopee is derived from the Sioux-language word meaning "six".

Kandiyohi County, Minnesota
Kandiyohi County (/ˌkændiˈjoʊhaɪ/ KAN-dee-YOH-hy) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, its population is 43,732. As of November 20, 1871, its county seat is Willmar.

Kandiyohi County comprises the US Census Bureau's "Willmar, MN Micropolitan Statistical Area".
2018–19 Second Professional Football League (Bulgaria)
The 2018–19 Second League was the 63rd season of the Second League, the second tier of the Bulgarian football league system, and the 3rd season under this name and current league structure. In June 2018, the Executive Committee of the Bulgarian Football Union decided to increase the participating teams to 18 for the 2019–20 season; as a result, only two teams will be relegated to Third League. The fixture list was released on 8 June 2018. The participating teams were confirmed on the same day. FC Tsarsko Selo Sofia became champions of the second league and were promoted directly to the first division. FC Dobrudzha Dobrich and PFC Nesebar were relegated.

Second Professional Football League (Bulgaria)
The Bulgarian Second Professional Football League (Bulgarian: Втора професионална футболна лига, romanized: Vtora Profesionalna Futbolna Liga), also known as Second League (Bulgarian: Втора Лига) or Vtora liga (currently known as Mr. Bit Second League for sponsorship reasons), is the second level of the Bulgarian football league system, below First League and above the Third League. Twenty teams take part in the league, each playing twice against all the other, once home and once away. Most matches are played on Saturdays and Sundays. The league is administered by the Bulgarian Professional Football League.

In 2016, the B Group's name was rebranded to Second Professional Football League.
David Salter
David Salter is an English actor and theatre director. His productions include Life of Galileo (Studio Theatre, Washington, D.C., and Battersea Arts Centre), The Comedy of Errors (Cambridge Shakespeare Festival), Playing Sinatra (New End Theatre) and Ghetto (Pleasance Theatre).

He worked as an associate director to Peter Stein on the West End production of David Harrower's Blackbird (Albery Theatre). He has also worked as an associate at the Almeida Theatre.

In 2006, he wrote and directed Broadway in the Shadows, a play based on the works of O. Henry, at the Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg and the Arcola Theatre in London.

He is a regular director at various drama schools including RADA and the Drama Centre in London, as well as Head of Manchester Metropolitan University's School of Theatre.

Manchester Metropolitan University
Manchester Metropolitan University is a public university in Manchester, England. The university's predecessor, Manchester Polytechnic, gained university status in 1992. The university has 44,000 students and over 5,100 members of staff. It is home to four faculties (Arts and Humanities, Business and Law, Health and Education and Science and Engineering). It is the fifth-largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment.
Bitch (magazine)
Bitch was an independent, quarterly alternative magazine published in Portland, Oregon. Its tagline described it as a "feminist response to pop culture", and it was described in 2008 by the Columbia Journalism Review as "a respected journal of cultural discourse". As a feminist publication, it took an intersectional approach.

Bitch was published by the nonprofit feminist media organization Bitch Media. The magazine included analysis of current political events, social, and cultural trends, television shows, movies, books, music, advertising, and artwork. Its print magazine had about 80,000 readers. The magazine's publisher, Kate Lesniak, estimated that it had an online readership of 4.5 million. On April 12, 2022, it was announced that Bitch Media would cease operations in June 2022.

Columbia Journalism Review
The Columbia Journalism Review (CJR) is a biannual magazine for professional journalists that has been published by the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism since 1961. Its original purpose was "to assess the performance of journalism in all its forms, to call attention to its shortcomings and strengths, and to help define—or redefine—standards of honest, responsible service." The CJR's contents include news and media industry trends, analysis, professional ethics, and stories behind news.

In 2015, the CJR announced that the publishing frequency of the print magazine was being reduced from six to two issues per year in order to focus on its digital operations.