hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lake Luzerne (CDP), New York
Lake Luzerne is the primary hamlet and a census-designated place (CDP) within the town of Lake Luzerne, Warren County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,227, out of 3,347 residents in the entire town of Lake Luzerne. Before that, the community was part of the Lake Luzerne-Hadley census-designated place.

Lake Luzerne CDP is in southern Warren County, in the western part of its town. It is named for Lake Luzerne, a water body on the east side of the hamlet. The community is bordered to the west by the Hudson River, across which is the town of Hadley in Saratoga County. The Luzerne Music Center is on the east side of the lake.

New York State Route 9N passes through Lake Luzerne, leading northeast 11 miles (18 km) to Lake George and south 19 miles (31 km) to Saratoga Springs. Glens Falls is 12 miles (19 km) to the east by county roads.

Luzerne Music Center
Luzerne Music Center (LMC) is a summer music camp and performing arts center, founded in 1980, located on Lake Luzerne, in the Adirondack Park region of New York, United States.

LMC is located approximately four hours north of New York City and one hour north of Albany. Pre-college students who play strings, piano, brass, woodwinds or percussion live in residence at the camp, study music with members of the Philadelphia Orchestra and perform concerts for eights weeks of the summer. LMC hosts a summer chamber music festival with performances by faculty members and guest artists.
Beurre d'Ardenne
Beurre d’Ardenne (French pronunciation: [bœʁ daʁdɛn]; lit. 'Butter of Ardenne') is a type of butter made in the Ardenne of Belgium from cow's milk.

As a traditional product of the area, it received Belgian appellation d'origine by royal decree in 1984, and received European protected designation of origin status in 1996.

Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle (also called dairy cows) are cattle bred with the ability to produce large quantities of milk, from which dairy products are made.  Dairy cattle generally are of the species Bos taurus.

Historically, little distinction was made between dairy cattle and beef cattle, with the same stock often being used for both meat and milk production.  Today, the bovine industry is more specialized and most dairy cattle have been bred to produce large volumes of milk.
Mason equation
The Mason equation is an approximate analytical expression for the growth (due to condensation) or evaporation of a water droplet—it is due to the meteorologist B. J. Mason. The expression is found by recognising that mass diffusion towards the water drop in a supersaturated environment transports energy as latent heat, and this has to be balanced by the diffusion of sensible heat back across the boundary layer, (and the energy of heatup of the drop, but for a cloud-sized drop this last term is usually small).

Condensation
Condensation is    the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within the atmosphere. When the transition happens from the gaseous phase into the solid phase directly, the change is called deposition. Condensation is usually associated with water.
Juraj Kukura
Juraj Kukura (born 15 March 1947, in Prešov) is a Slovak actor.

Kukura studied acting at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava (VŠMU). In 1985, when he emigrated to West Germany, his films were banned in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic until Communist rule ended during the Velvet Revolution of 1989. Thanks to his charismatic personality he usually portrayed strong, leading characters. In 2004, he received DOSKY Award for performing Martin in The Goat, or Who is Sylvia? by Edward Albee. In 2003 he became managing director of Arena Theatre.

Charisma
Charisma (/kə.ˈrɪz.mə/) is a personal quality of magnetic charm, persuasion, or appeal.

In the fields of sociology and political science, psychology, and management, the term charismatic describes a type of leadership.

In Christian theology, the term charisma appears as the Spiritual gift (charism) which is an endowment with an extraordinary power given by the Holy Spirit.
Marcus Fredrik Bang
Marcus Fredrik Bang (14 August 1711 – 15 June 1789) was a Danish-Norwegian priest. He was the bishop of the Diocese of Trondhjem from 1773 until 1787. He was born in Næstved, Denmark in 1711 and died in 1789 in Trondheim, Norway.

He had his theological training in Copenhagen, Denmark.  Starting in 1739 he was the hospital priest in Trondheim, Norway.  Then in 1769 he was appointed to the post of parish priest for the Trondheim Cathedral, but didn't assume the position until 1771. Then he was appointed the bishop of Nidaros Diocese from 1773 until 1787.

Marcus Fredrik Bang was married three times:

1740 Anna Lisbeth Schønning from Ribe, 3 children

1747 Ellen Susanna Hagerup, daughter of Bishop Eiler Hagerup d.e. Their daughter, Christiane married bishop of the Diocese of Bjorgvin Ole Irgens.

1752 Mette Margarethe Volqvartz, 3 children

Ribe
Ribe (Danish pronunciation: [ˈʁiːpə]) is a town in south-west Jutland, Denmark, with a population of 8,367 (2025). It is the seat of the Diocese of Ribe. Until 1 January 2007, Ribe was the seat of both a surrounding municipality and county. It is now part of the enlarged Esbjerg Municipality in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the oldest town in Denmark.
Lungotevere Ripa
Lungotevere Ripa is the stretch of Lungotevere that links Ponte Palatino to the Port of Ripa Grande in Rome (Italy), in the Rione Trastevere.

The Lungotevere takes its name from the Latin word ripa, meaning "bank" (the toponym also applies to the neighboring Rione, that nevertheless lies on the other side of the Tiber and whose Lungotevere is called Lungotevere Aventino); it has been established as per deliberation dated July 20, 1887.

The stretch of Lungotevere between Via del Porto and Piazza di Porta Portese corresponds to the Port of Ripa Grande, formerly the greatest river port of Rome, that was destroyed during the building of the muraglioni (massive walls). It houses the Ospizio di San Michele a Ripa Grande.

Ripa (rione of Rome)
Ripa is the 12th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. XII, and it is located in the Municipio I.

The coat of arms of the rione depicts a white rudder on a red background, to remind the port of Ripa Grande, that was placed in Trastevere, but faced the rione.
Accountable Capitalism Act
The Accountable Capitalism Act, 115th Congress (2017–18) S. 3348 is a proposed federal bill introduced by Senator Elizabeth Warren in August 2018. It would require any company with revenue over $1 billion to obtain a federal corporate charter.  For these companies, employees would elect 40% of the board of directors and a 75% vote of shareholders and directors would be required to approve any political spending. The Act contains a "constituency statute" that would give directors a duty of "creating a general public benefit" with regard to a corporation's stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, and the environment, and the interests of the enterprise in the long-term.

Articles of association
In corporate governance, a company's articles of association (AoA, called articles of incorporation in some jurisdictions) is a document that, along with the memorandum of association (where applicable), forms the company's constitution. The articles define the responsibilities of the directors, the nature of business, and the mechanisms by which shareholders exert control over the board of directors.

Articles of association are essential to corporate operations, as they may regulate both internal and external affairs.

Articles of incorporation, also referred to as the certificate of incorporation or the corporate charter, is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada. They generally are filed with the Secretary of State in the U.S. State where the company is incorporated, or other company registrar. An equivalent term for limited liability companies (LLCs) in the United States is articles of organization.
Niemczyk
Niemczyk is a Polish surname, a diminutive of "niemiec", "German person". It can be transliterated as Nemchik. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldona Niemczyk (born 1969), German politician

Andrzej Niemczyk (1944–2016), Polish volleyball coach

Barbara Niemczyk (born 1942), Polish volleyball player

Carolin Niemczyk (born 1990), German singer

Jakub Niemczyk (born 2004), Polish footballer

Julian Niemczyk (1920–2009), American diplomat

Leon Niemczyk (1923–2006), Polish actor

George Nemchik (1915–1988), American soccer player

Barbara Niemczyk
Barbara Wiesława Hermel-Niemczyk (born 13 November 1942) is a former Polish volleyball player, a member of Poland women's national volleyball team in 1964–1976, a bronze medalist of the Olympic Games (Tokyo 1964, Mexico 1968), medalist of the European Championship (silver in 1967, bronze in 1971, five-time Polish Champion (1968, 1971,1972, 1973, 1976), Italian Champion (1977).
LA-39 Jammu and Others-VI
LA-39 Jammu and Others-VI is a constituency of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly which is currently represented by Raja Muhammad Siddique of the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML(N)). It covers the area of Rawalpindi Division, Islamabad Capital Territory, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Only refugees from Jammu and Ladakh settled in Pakistan are eligible to vote in this constituency.

Islamabad Capital Territory
The Islamabad Capital Territory is a federal territory of Pakistan, centred around Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. It is located on the northern edge of the Pothohar Plateau, at the foot of the Margalla Hills, in the northwestern Punjab region. The Territory shares borders with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the west and the province of Punjab in the remaining directions. It covers an area of 906.5 square kilometres (350.0 mi2) and, according to 2023 census, has a population of over 2.3 million.

The area was separated from Rawalpindi District in 1967 to form a separate territory administered by the federal government. The territory is represented in the National Assembly by NA-52, NA-53, and NA-54 constituencies and by four seats in the Senate.
Vertfee Yaita
Vertfee Yaita (ヴェルフェ矢板, Verufe Yaita) is a Japanese football club from Yaita, Tochigi Prefecture. They set to play in the second division of Kantō Soccer League, part of Japanese Regional Leagues from 2025 after relegation from Division 1.

Tochigi Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture (栃木県, Tochigi-ken) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Tochigi Prefecture has a population of 1,897,649 (1 June 2023) and has a geographic area of 6,408 km2 (2,474 sq mi). Tochigi Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the west, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the southeast.

Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture, with other major cities including Oyama, Tochigi, and Ashikaga. Tochigi Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures and its mountainous northern region is a popular tourist region in Japan. The Nasu area is known for its onsens, local sake, and ski resorts, the villa of the Imperial Family, and the Nasushiobara station of the Shinkansen railway line. The city of Nikkō, with its ancient Shintō shrines and Buddhist temples, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Truth (CNBLUE song)
"Truth" is a song by South Korean pop-rock idol band CNBLUE. It was released on April 23, 2014, as their seventh single under Warner Music Japan and 10th single overall in Japan. The song was written by Jung Yong-hwa and miwa, along with Ryo and Lee Sang-ho.

The single was released in four editions: Regular Edition, Limited Editions A and B, and a fan club-only Boice Limited Edition. "Truth" debuted on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart at number four and has sold nearly 40,000 copies since its release. The band embarked on the CNBLUE Spring Live 2014 "Truth" arena tour, where they held three concerts in Yokohama and Osaka.

Korean idol
An idol (Korean: 아이돌; RR: aidol) is a type of entertainer who works in the field of Korean popular music (K-pop), either as a member of a group or as a solo act. They typically work for an entertainment agency that operates a highly managed star system that idols are produced by and debut under. Idols undergo extensive training in dance, vocal performance, and foreign language, and tend to represent a hybridized convergence of visuals, music, and fashion. Idols maintain a carefully curated public image and social media presence, and dedicate significant time and resources to building relationships with fans through concerts and meetups.
Vladimir Malakhov
Vladimir Malakhov is the name of:

Vladimir Malakhov (ice hockey) (born 1968), ice hockey player

Vladimir Malakhov (dancer) (born 1968), ballet dancer

Vladimir Malakhov (chess player) (born 1980), chess player and physicist

Vladimir Malakhov (footballer) (born 1955), football (soccer) player

Vladimir Malakhov (chess player)
Vladimir Nailievich Malakhov (Russian: Владимир Малахов; born 27 November 1980) is a Russian chess grandmaster. He was a member of the Russian team that won gold at the 2009 World Team Chess Championship.
79th United States Congress
The 79th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1945, to January 3, 1947, during the last months of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency, and the first two years of Harry Truman's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority (including increasing their edge in the House). With the reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a record fourth term, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt
For the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the United States presidential administration from 1933 to 1945, see:

Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1941), first and second terms

Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941–1945), third and fourth terms
Siege of Otate
The 1578 siege of Otate (御館の乱, Otate no ran) took place following the sudden death of Uesugi Kenshin. Kenshin had requested that the inheritance be split between his nephew, Uesugi Kagekatsu, and his adopted son Uesugi Kagetora. This conflict happened because of neither heirs being born with the Uesugi name. Kagekatsu was the biological son of Nagao Masakage and Kagetora was biological son of Hojo Ujiyasu.

Before the situation could escalate into an armed conflict, Takeda Katsuyori acted as the mediator between those two. Therefore, eventually the Uesugi was divided for a military conflict. The Takeda supported Kagekatsu and the Hojo supported Kagetora.

Thus, on April 23, 1578— the 17th day of the 3rd month of Tensho 6 on the Japanese lunar calendar— Uesugi Kagekatsu led a force from his castle at Kasugayama to besiege Otate castle . Kagetora tried to return to Odawara but committed seppuku in Samegao Castle, and Kagekatsu claimed the full inheritance.

Hōjō Ujiyasu
Hōjō Ujiyasu (北条 氏康; 1515 – October 21, 1571) was a daimyō (warlord) and third head of the Odawara Hōjō clan. Known as the "Lion of Sagami", he was revered as a fearsome samurai and a cunning man. He is famous for his strategies of breaking the siege from Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin. A son of Hōjō Ujitsuna (北条 氏綱), his only known wife was Imagawa Yoshimoto's sister, Zuikei-in. Among his sons are Hōjō Ujimasa and Uesugi Kagetora.
Love and Rockets (comics)
Love and Rockets (often abbreviated L&R) is a comic book series by the Hernandez brothers: Gilbert, Jaime, and Mario. It was one of the first comic books in the alternative comics movement of the 1980s.

The Hernandez brothers produce stories in the series independently of each other.  Gilbert and Jaime produce the majority of the material, and tend to focus on particular casts of characters and settings. Those of Gilbert usually focus on a cast of characters in the fictional Central American village of Palomar; the stories often feature magic realist elements. The Locas stories of Jaime center on a social group in Los Angeles, particularly the Latina friends and sometime-lovers Maggie and Hopey.

Gary Groth
Gary Groth (born September 18, 1954) is an American comic book editor, publisher and critic.  He is editor-in-chief of The Comics Journal, a co-founder of Fantagraphics Books, and founder of the Harvey Awards.
Rebecca Williams (actress)
Rebecca Jane Williams (born July 28, 1988) is a Canadian corporate manager and former actress. A native of Liverpool, England, she immigrated to Canada at age four, attended Toronto's Malvern Collegiate Institute, and trained at Armstrong Acting Studios. In 2011, Williams was nominated for a Gemini Award (Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series) for Reviving Ophelia. Since 2013, she has been employed as an office manager for an energy service company in Calgary, Alberta.

Office management
Office management is a profession involving the design, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of the process of work within an office or other organization, in order to sustain and improve efficiency and productivity.

Office management is thus a part of the overall administration of business and since the elements of management are forecasting and planning, organizing, command, control and coordination, the office is a part of the total management function.

Office management can be defined as “a distinct process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and controlling office in order to facilitate achievement of objectives of any business enterprise’ the definition shows managerial functions of an administrative manager. Following diagram indicates various elements or functions in the process of office management.
Pat Morrissey (Australian footballer)
Patrick Joseph Morrissey (6 October 1891 – 25 January 1938) was an Australian pastoralist and Australian rules footballer who played with University.

The son of Victorian politician, schoolteacher, storekeeper and pastoralist John Morrissey, Morrissey was born in Merrigum, Victoria but moved with his family to New South Wales. He operated pastoral properties in Singleton, Muswellbrook, Blandford and Willow Tree, New South Wales.

John Morrissey (Australian politician)
John Morrissey (1861-1926) was born in Thurles, Ireland and moved to Australia and became a teacher in Tatura during the 1870s. He later worked as a storekeeper and then a pastoralist until he joined the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Rodney from 1 October 1897 to 1 May 1904 and then the member for Waranga from 1 June 1904 and 1 February 1907.

Morrissey served as Minister of Agriculture under Alexander Peacock and George Turner between 19 November 1900 and 10 June 1902.

Morrissey was married Elizabeth Took with whom he had four sons and five daughters with.

Morrissey died on 6 July 1926 in Blandford, New South Wales.
Jullienula
Jullienula is a genus of bryozoans belonging to the family Cribrilinidae.

The species of this genus are found in North America.

Species:

Jullienula erinae Yang, Seo, Min, Grischenko & Gordon, 2018

Jullienula hippocrepis (Hincks, 1882)

Jullienula kaigarabashiensis Hayami, 1975

Cribrilinidae
The Cribrilinidae family is a part of the suborder Flustrina within the bryozoans. They are characterized by numerous spinose ribs (costae) overarching the frontal membrane of each zooid.

The family was first described by Thomas Hincks in 1879.
Mary Ann Wolcott Goodrich
Mary Ann Wolcott Goodrich (1765–1805) was an American socialite in New York, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C., moving with her husband Chauncey Goodrich as he served as a Representative and a Senator between 1795 and 1813. Her viewpoints were influential in the affairs of state, business and education.

Oliver Wolcott Jr.
Oliver Wolcott Jr. (January 11, 1760 – June 1, 1833) was an American politician and judge. He was the second United States Secretary of the Treasury, a judge of the United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit, and the 24th Governor of Connecticut. His adult life began with working in Connecticut, followed by participating in the U.S. federal government in the Department of Treasury, before returning to Connecticut, where he spent his life before his death. Throughout his time in politics, Wolcott's political views shifted from Federalist, to Toleration, and finally Jacksonian. Oliver Wolcott Jr. is the son to Oliver Wolcott Sr., part of the Griswold-Wolcott family.
Hôpital Pierre Boucher
Pierre Boucher Hospital (French: Hôpital Pierre-Boucher, pronounced [opital pjɛʁ buʃe]) is a Canadian hospital located on Jacques Cartier Boulevard in Longueuil, Quebec. Inaugurated in 1982, the hospital is the regional health centre for 245,000 people located in the borough of Le Vieux-Longueuil, as well as the cities and towns of Boucherville, Varennes, Verchères, Sainte-Julie, Saint-Amable, Calixa-Lavallée and Contrecœur.

The hospital provides general, specialized and ultraspecialized health care, and is also the location of 3,400 births per year. The hospital is home to 329 beds, and its emergency department is overcrowded at 55,000 visits per year. In 2003, the Government of Quebec invested $60 million into the hospital, which was expanded and renovated. The hospital also transfers patients to the nearby, larger, Hôpital Charles-LeMoyne.

Calixa-Lavallée
Calixa-Lavallée (French pronunciation: [kaliksa lavale]), named for the composer of the same name, is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada, east of Montreal in the Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 509.

On December 6, 2014, Calixa-Lavallée changed from parish municipality to a (regular) municipality.
Symphony in One Movement (Barber)
Samuel Barber's First Symphony (in One Movement), as the printed score has its title, Opus 9, was completed on 24 February 1936 and first performed by the Philharmonic Augusteo Orchestra in Rome under the baton of Bernardino Molinari on 13 December the same year. It lasts around twenty minutes.

Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
The Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia (Orchestra of the National Academy of Santa Cecilia) is an Italian symphony orchestra based in Rome. Resident at the Parco della Musica, the orchestra primarily performs its Rome concerts in the Sala Santa Cecilia.
Xanthoparmelia monadnockensis
Xanthoparmelia monadnockensis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae, described by John Elix in 2003. It is native to Western Australia, particularly found in the Monadnocks Nature Reserve near Jarrahdale.

John Alan Elix
John Alan (Jack) Elix (born 1941) emeritus professor in chemistry at the Australian National University, is an organic chemist who has contributed in many fields: lichenology, lichen chemotaxonomy, plant physiology and biodiversity and natural product chemistry. He has authored 2282 species names, and 67 genera in the field of mycology. Elix edited the exsiccata series Lichenes Australasici exsiccati.

The standard author abbreviation Elix is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.