hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bill Epstein
Arnold Leonard Epstein, known as Bill Epstein (13 September 1924 in Liverpool – 9 November 1999 in Hove), was a British social anthropologist. A member of the "Manchester School", he was known for his research on ethnicity and identity, particularly his book Ethos and Identity (1978), and for his ethnographic work in Central Africa and New Britain. In 1951 he joined the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute in Lusaka. He was a professor at the Australian National University (1958–1972) and Sussex University (1972–1982), as well as the vice president of the Royal Anthropological Institute (1982–1984). He was married to T. Scarlett Epstein and had two daughters.

Hove
Hove (/hoʊv/ HOHV) is a seaside town in East Sussex, England. Alongside Brighton, it is one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove.

Originally a fishing village surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th century in response to the development of its eastern neighbour Brighton; by the Victorian era it was a fully developed town with borough status. Neighbouring parishes such as Aldrington and Hangleton were annexed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The neighbouring urban district of Portslade was merged with Hove in 1974. In 1997, as part of local government reform, the borough merged with Brighton to form the Borough of Brighton and Hove; this unitary authority was granted city status in 2000.
Yale Lake
Yale Lake is a 3,780 acre reservoir on the Lewis River in the U.S. state of Washington. It lies on the border between Clark County and Cowlitz County. It was created in 1953 with the construction of Yale Dam.

Clark County, Washington
Clark County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 503,311, making it Washington's fifth-most populous county. Its county seat and largest city is Vancouver. It was the first county in Washington, originally named Vancouver County in 1845 before being renamed for William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1849. It was created by the Provisional Government of Oregon in Oregon Country on August 20, 1845, and at that time covered the entire present-day state. Clark County is the third-most-populous county in the Portland metropolitan area, and is across the Columbia River from Portland, Oregon.
Cửa Việt Base
Cửa Việt Base (also known as Cửa Việt Combat Base, Cửa Việt Naval Support Activity, Camp Kistler or simply Cửa Việt) is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base north of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam.

Quảng Trị
Quảng Trị (listenⓘ) is a ward in Quảng Trị Province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It is second of two municipalities in the province after the provincial capital Đông Hà.

Prior to July 1, 2025, Quảng Trị Ward was formerly Quảng Trị Town, which had five subordinate administrative units, including Wards 1, 2, 3, An Đôn Ward, and Hải Lệ Commune. During the administrative reorganization and restructuring in 2025, all five subordinate administrative units of Quảng Trị Town were dissolved, and Quảng Trị Town was converted into Quảng Trị Ward.
Projected area
Projected area is the area measurement of a three-dimensional object by projecting its silhouette on to an arbitrary plane. This is often used in mechanical engineering and architectural engineering related fields, especially for hardness testing, axial stress, wind pressures, and terminal velocity.

The geometrical definition of a projected area is the rectilinear parallel projection of a surface of any shape onto a plane:

where A is the original area, and  is the angle between the normal to the local plane and the line of sight to the surface A. For basic shapes the results are listed in the table below.

Hardness
In materials science, hardness (antonym: softness) is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation, such as an indentation (over an area) or a scratch (linear), induced mechanically either by pressing or abrasion. In general, different materials differ in their hardness; for example hard metals such as titanium and beryllium are harder than soft metals such as sodium and metallic tin, or wood and common plastics. Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore, hardness can be measured in different ways, such as scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness. Hardness is dependent on ductility, elastic stiffness, plasticity, strain, strength, toughness, viscoelasticity, and viscosity. Common examples of hard matter are ceramics, concrete, certain metals, and superhard materials, which can be contrasted with soft matter.
Codex Curiensis
The Codex Curiensis known also as Fragmenta Curiensia, designated by a2 or 16 (in Beuron system), is a 5th-century AD Latin manuscript of the New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin. The manuscript contains the fragments of the Gospel of Luke, on exactly two parchment leaves.

It contains a fragments of the Gospel of Luke 11:11-29; 13:16-34. Pierre Batiffol was the first to suggest that these fragments belong to the same manuscript. They were first discovered by Hidber, professor of Berne, then described by E. Ranke.

The Latin text of the codex is a representative of the Western text-type in itala recension.

Currently it is housed at the Rhätisches Museum (Clm 6436) in Chur.

Chur
Chur is the capital and largest town of the Swiss canton of the Grisons and lies in the Grisonian Rhine Valley, where the Rhine turns towards the north, in the northern part of the canton. The city, on the right bank of the Rhine, is reputedly the oldest town in Switzerland.

The official language of Chur is German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic, known as Grisonian German. Romansh and Italian are significantly spoken in the city as a result of the trilingual identity of the canton.

On 1 January 2020 the former municipality of Maladers merged into Chur and on 1 January 2021 Haldenstein also merged. On 1 January 2025 the former municipality of Tschiertschen-Praden merged into Chur.
Tachyon (software)
Tachyon is a parallel/multiprocessor ray tracing software. It is a parallel ray tracing library for use on distributed memory parallel computers, shared memory computers, and clusters of workstations.  Tachyon implements rendering features such as ambient occlusion lighting, depth-of-field focal blur, shadows, reflections, and others. It was originally developed for the Intel iPSC/860 by John Stone for his M.S. thesis at University of Missouri-Rolla.   Tachyon subsequently became a more functional and complete ray tracing engine, and it is now incorporated into a number of other open source software packages such as VMD, and SageMath.  Tachyon is released under a permissive license (included in the tarball).

SageMath
SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation") is a computer algebra system (CAS) with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, graph theory, group theory, differentiable manifolds,  numerical analysis, number theory, calculus, and statistics.

The first version of SageMath was released on 24 February 2005 as free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, with the initial goals of creating an "open source alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB". The originator and leader of the SageMath project, William Stein, was a mathematician at the University of Washington.

SageMath uses a syntax resembling Python's, supporting procedural, functional, and object-oriented constructs.
Broad River Greenway
The Broad River Greenway was established in 1994 as a regional park for Cleveland County, NC.This site has been associated with recreation, long before the land was permanently protected. Duke Energy established the Palmer Shoals Canoe Access Area on the Broad River, as part of a FERC licence issued for the Cliffside Steam Station., just upstream. The "Old College Farm Trail" was a popular hiking venue on the adjoining tract of land owned by Gardner Webb University

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency of the United States government that regulates the interstate transmission and wholesale sale of electricity and natural gas and regulates the prices of interstate transport of petroleum by pipeline. FERC also reviews proposals to build interstate natural gas pipelines, natural gas storage projects, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals, in addition to licensing non-federal hydropower projects.

FERC was created in 1977 by the U.S. Congress in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. FERC is an independent agency, even though it is part of the U.S. Department of Energy. It is headed by five commissioners who are nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. There may be no more than three commissioners of one political party serving on the commission at any given time.
Mid-Air Thief
Mid-Air Thief (Korean: 공중도둑; RR: Gongjungdoduk) is a pseudonymous South Korean folktronica musician. He has released four studio albums: Gongjoong Doduk (2015), Crumbling (2018), Flood Format (2022), and Flash (2025), all released under different aliases. Crumbling won Best Dance & Electronic Album at the 2019 Korean Music Awards and garnered an online cult following for the artist.

Mid-Air Thief has stated that he refuses to disclose his age, birth name or place of residence. Additionally he has never shown his face, only letting himself be photographed while masked. As of 2025 he has never performed live under any of his known aliases.

Folktronica
Folktronica is a genre of indie electronic music comprising various elements of folk music and electronica, often featuring uses of acoustic instruments—especially stringed instruments—deploying hip hop, electronic or dance rhythms, and incorporating delicate, textural sound design, although it varies based on influences and choice of sounds. The Ashgate Research Companion to Popular Musicology describes folktronica as "a catch-all [term] for all manner of artists who have combined mechanical dance beats with elements of acoustic rock or folk".
Ricker
Ricker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Ricker (1908–2001), one of the founders of fisheries science.

Bob Ricker (contemporary), executive director of the American Hunters and Shooters Association

Debbie Ricker (born 1965), American reproductive biologist and academic administrator

Ezekiel Ricker (1819–1854), Wisconsin pioneer.

Maëlle Ricker (born 1978), Canadian athlete, 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympics contestant

Nathan Clifford Ricker (1843–1924), American professor and architect

Shaun Ricker (born 1982), American professional wrestler better known as LA Knight

Nickname for Ricky Stratton, a fictional character on Silver Spoons

Nathan Clifford Ricker
Nathan Clifford Ricker, D.Arch (June 24, 1843 – March 19, 1924) was a professor and architect known for his work at the University of Illinois. He was born on a farm near Acton, Maine June 24, 1843. In 1875, he was married to Mary Carter Steele of Galesburg, Illinois. Mary Steele graduated with honors from the University of Illinois in 1875. His only child, Ethel, was born in 1883. He died on March 19, 1924.
2014 European Individual Chess Championship
The 2014 European Individual Chess Championship took place from 2 to 15 March in Yerevan.

263 players took part. Although sometimes described as the men's championship, several women took part, including Judit Polgár and Antoaneta Stefanova. The top 23 players qualified for the Chess World Cup 2015, which took place in Baku, Azerbaijan from 10 September to 5 October 2015 and was won by Sergey Karjakin.

It was won by Alexander Motylev.

The equivalent women's event took place from 6 to 17 July 2014 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria and was won by Valentina Gunina.

Antoaneta Stefanova
Antoaneta Stefanova (Bulgarian: Антоанета Стефанова; born 19 April 1979) is a Bulgarian chess grandmaster and Women's World Champion from 2004 to 2006. She has represented Bulgaria in the Chess Olympiad in 2000 and the Women's Chess Olympiad since 1992.
Ken Fambro
Kenneth "K-Fam" Fambro  is an American songwriter, producer, and multi-instrumentalist best known for producing and co-writing for Boyz II Men, Destiny's Child, and Robyn, among others. Fambro, a pianist and drummer by ear, was an early protégé of Antonio "L.A." Reid, who brought him to LaFace Records / Arista Records where he worked alongside production outfit Organized Noize. This opportunity resulted in placements on Boyz II Men's Full Circle, Sam Salter single "Once My Sh..", "Now That She's Gone" from Destiny's Child album The Writing's on the Wall, and single "Ya Di Ya" from Gina Thompson and rapper Missy Elliott, as well as contributions on various 112 projects. Fambro recently contributed to country/trap artist Blanco Brown's 2019 debut album Honeysuckle & Lightning Bugs.

Ya Di Ya
"Ya Di Ya" is a song by American R&B singer Gina Thompson. It features guest vocals by Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott and was released as the lead single from Thompson's unreleased album, If You Only Knew (1999).

The song became a minor hit, where it peaked at #38 on Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and scored Thompson her second top 40 R&B hit and Elliott's fifteenth overall top 40 R&B hit. Because of its strong radio airplay and charting outside the United States, a "Rufftime" remix was issued via international pressings of "Ya Di Ya".

To date, "Ya Di Ya" is Thompson's only single as a leading artist to chart outside the United States.
Potuliniec
Potuliniec [pɔtuˈliɲɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płoty, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Płoty, 17 km (11 mi) south of Gryfice, and 57 km (35 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Gryfice County
Gryfice County (Polish: powiat gryficki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Gryfice, which lies 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Trzebiatów, lying 17 km (11 mi) north of Gryfice, and Płoty, 13 km (8 mi) south of Gryfice.

The county covers an area of 1,018.19 square kilometres (393.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 60,773, out of which the population of Gryfice is 16,702, that of Trzebiatów is 10,113, that of Płoty is 4,142, and the rural population is 29,816.
After Lately
After Lately is an American television comedy. The series depicts, in mockumentary style, the behind the scenes goings-on at the office of the late-night talk show Chelsea Lately. The cast is made up of the actual writers and performers of Chelsea Lately, who play themselves as they suffer the indignities and relish the perks of show business, bicker and argue over trivial and petty matters, compete for show air time and personal approval from Chelsea, and produce a nightly late-night cable comedy show. Celebrity guest stars regularly appear, playing parody versions of themselves, interacting with Chelsea and the cast. The series began airing on E! on March 6, 2011.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Heatly
Heatly is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kenny Heatly (born 1982), American football player and player of Canadian football

Peter Heatly (1924–2015), Scottish diver

Suetonius Grant Heatly (1751–1793), British judge

William S. Heatly (1912–1984), American politician

Basil Heatley (1933–2019), British athlete.

Bill Heatley (1920–1971), Australian politician.

Bob Heatley (1895–1973), Australian footballer.

Craig Heatley (born 1956), New Zealand businessman.

David Heatley (born 1974), American cartoonist.

Craig Heatley
Craig Leonard Heatley CNZM (born 29 May 1956) is a New Zealand businessman, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is one of the wealthiest men in New Zealand according to the New Zealand National Business Review.
Young Conservatives of Texas
Young Conservatives of Texas (YCT) is a conservative youth organization based in Texas. Founded in 1980, it has chapters at 20 universities—including Baylor University, the University of North Texas, Texas A&M University, Texas State University, the University of Texas at Austin, Trinity University, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Texas Wesleyan University, St. Edwards University, and Texas Tech University.

University of Mary Hardin–Baylor
The University of Mary Hardin–Baylor (UMHB) is a private Baptist university in Belton, Texas. UMHB was chartered by the Republic of Texas in 1845 as Baylor Female College, the female department of what is now Baylor University. It has since become its own institution and grown to 3,914 students and awards degrees at the baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral levels. It is affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas and accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.
Chorós Chordón
Chorós Chordón is an orchestral composition written in 2017 (revised in 2020) by the South Korean composer Unsuk Chin. The work was commissioned by the Berlin Philharmonic for the orchestra's tour of the Far East as part of Simon Rattle's final season as their principal conductor. Its world premiere was given by the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by Rattle at the Berliner Philharmonie on 3 November 2017, though the composition was shortly thereafter performed in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Seoul, Kawasaki, and Tokyo.

Simon Rattle
Sir Simon Denis Rattle (born 19 January 1955) is a British conductor. He rose to international prominence during the 1980s and 1990s, while music director of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra (1980–1998). Rattle was principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic from 2002 to 2018, and music director of the London Symphony Orchestra from 2017 to 2023. He has been chief conductor of Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra since September 2023. Among the world's leading conductors, in a 2015 Bachtrack poll, he was ranked by music critics as one of the world's best living conductors.

Rattle is also the patron of Birmingham Schools' Symphony Orchestra, arranged during his tenure with CBSO in the mid-1990s. The Youth Orchestra is now under the auspices of charitable business Services for Education. He received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music in 2001 at the Classic Brit Awards.
Albert E. Douglas
Albert Edward Douglas (December 9, 1860 – May 6, 1908) was a physician and political figure in Prince Edward Island, Canada.

He represented 2nd Queens in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1900 to 1908 as a Liberal member.

He was born at Head of Hillsborough as the son of William Henry Douglas, a Scottish immigrant. He was educated at Prince of Wales College, McGill College and New York University. In 1891, Douglas married Barbara Anderson. He was elected in a by-election held in 1900 after Joseph Wise resigned his seat and reelected in the general elections of 1900 and 1904. Douglas was elected speaker for the provincial assembly in 1905.

He lived in Breadalbane, Charlottetown and later in Hunter River. Douglas died in office of pneumonia in Hunter River at the age of 47.

Hunter River, Prince Edward Island
Hunter River is a municipality that holds community status in Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located in Queens County southwest of North Rustico. It is situated on the Hunter River.

It has been suggested that Hunter River is represented in the works of Lucy Maud Montgomery as Bright River in the fictional region of Avonlea.

James Charles McGuigan, who became Archbishop of Toronto and a Cardinal, was born in Hunter River.
Vocational qualification transfer system
The Professional Qualification Transfer System (PQTS) model is a proposal for a structured description of work-related competences. The core elements are the Competence Matrix and the Competence Profiles. A Competence Matrix displays competences structurally in a table according to core work tasks in a specific occupational field (“competence area”) and the progress of competence development (“step of competence development”). Competence Profiles are formed from individual parts of this Competence Matrix.   
In the context of ECVET the VQTS project sought to support the transnational mobility of learners. A Competence Matrix can be used for the development of qualifications, training programmes, and job profiles, as well as for human resource planning, the allocation of qualifications to the Qualifications Framework, and for developing higher permeability between professional education and higher education.

Competence (human resources)
Competence is the set of demonstrable personal characteristics at a high level with consistency and minimal difficulty. Competency in human resources is  a series of knowledge, abilities, skills, experiences and behaviors, which leads to effective performance in an individual's activities. Competency is measurable and can be developed through training. It can also be broken down into smaller criteria.
Some scholars see "competence" as an aspect that can be developed through training because it is a combination of practical & theoretical knowledge which involves cognitive skills, behavior, and values used to improve performance. Competency is the state or quality of being adequately or well qualified, possessing the ability to perform a specific, measurable job. For instance, competency needed for management, depending on the sector, might include system thinking and emotional intelligence, as well as skills in influence and negotiation.
Daneliuska huset
The Daneliuska huset ("Danelius Building") is a structure in the Landbyska verket neighborhood of Stockholm, Sweden. It is sometimes called the Strykjärnshuset (Flatiron Building) because it sits on a wedge-shaped plot between Birger Jarlsgatan, Biblioteksgatan, and Stureplan, in the Östermalm district in the city center. The building is recognizable by its steeply pitched conical tower and its richly decorated limestone facade in an early French Renaissance style. The building is blue-marked by the City Museum of Stockholm, which means that it represents "extremely high cultural-historical values."

Birger Jarlsgatan
Birger Jarlsgatan is one of the longest streets in central Stockholm, Sweden. The street forms the border between Östermalm and the two neighbouring districts Norrmalm and Vasastaden.

It is named after Birger Jarl since 1885, then "Birger Jarls gata" (gata meaning "street"). The contemporary spelling has been used since 1932.

Stureplan and Balettakademien are situated on Birger Jarlsgatan. The street has many well-known restaurants, bars and clubs, some of which are popular among celebrities, as well as stores selling tourist-oriented gewgaws.