hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sailing in Anguilla
Sailing in Anguilla has a long and deep history, and is one of the defining characteristics of the island. The history of Anguillian sailing is often indistinguishable from the history of the island itself. Sailing craft date back to the Taino and Arawak peoples who inhabited Anguilla before the British Colonisation. However these craft have had little influence on the unique sailing practiced in Anguilla. Instead, it originated from the fishing vessels constructed and built locally after colonization and the subsequent collapse of the local plantation system to provide food and modest income to the inhabitants.

Plantation economy
A plantation economy is an economy based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few commodity crops, grown on large farms worked by laborers or slaves. The properties are called plantations. Plantation economies rely on the export of cash crops as a source of income. Prominent crops included cotton, rubber, sugar cane, tobacco, figs, rice, kapok, sisal, Red Sandalwood, and species in the genus Indigofera, used to produce indigo dye.

The longer a crop's harvest period, the more efficient plantations become. Economies of scale are also achieved when the distance to market is long. Plantation crops usually need processing immediately after harvesting. Sugarcane, tea, sisal, and palm oil are most suited to plantations, while coconuts, rubber, and cotton are suitable to a lesser extent.
Field theory (psychology)
In Gestalt psychology and social psychology, field theory is a theory that examines patterns of interaction between the individual and the total field, or environment. The concept first made its appearance in psychology with roots in the holistic perspective of Gestalt theories. It was developed by Kurt Lewin, a Gestalt psychologist, in the 1940s.

This field theory can be expressed by a Lewin's equation: , meaning that behavior B is a function of the person p and their cultural environment e.

History of physics
Physics is a branch of science in which the primary objects of study are matter and energy. These topics were discussed across many cultures in ancient times by philosophers, but they had no means to distinguish causes of natural phenomena from superstitions.

The Scientific Revolution of the 17th century, especially the discovery of the law of gravity, began a process of knowledge accumulation and specialization that gave rise to the field of physics.

Mathematical advances of the 18th century gave rise to classical mechanics, and the increased used of the experimental method led to new understanding of thermodynamics.

In the 19th century, the basic laws of electromagnetism and statistical mechanics were discovered.

At the beginning of the 20th century, physics was transformed by the discoveries of quantum mechanics, relativity, and atomic theory.

Physics today may be divided loosely into classical physics and modern physics.
Iain Rogerson
Iain Rogerson (October 1960 – 13 October 2017) was a British actor, best known for his portrayal of Harry Flagg on ITV's Coronation Street between 2002 and 2004. His other television appearances included Emmerdale, Doctors, Casualty, The Bill, Heartbeat, Peak Practice, As Time Goes By, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates, Drop the Dead Donkey, Bloomin' Marvellous, and People Like Us.

Rogerson's film credits included Mack the Knife (1989), Up 'n' Under (1998),  Whatever Happened to Harold Smith? (1999), Bedazzled (2000), Mike Bassett: England Manager (2001), To Kill A King (2003), and Kill Keith (2011). On stage, he worked extensively with John Godber and Hull Truck Theatre.

Rogerson died on 13 October 2017 in Wrexham Maelor Hospital from "complications" relating to diabetes. Later, a possible self-administered insulin overdose was suspected.

Bedazzled (2000 film)
Bedazzled is a 2000 fantasy romantic comedy film directed by Harold Ramis and starring Brendan Fraser and Elizabeth Hurley. It is a remake of the 1967 British film of the same name, written by Peter Cook and Dudley Moore, itself a comic retelling of the Faust legend. It follows a computer company worker who makes a deal with the Devil to receive seven wishes in exchange for his soul so he can pursue the woman he loves, though the Devil twists the spirit of each wish to frustrate him.
Metropolitan Cathedral of Our Lady of the Abbey and St. Anthony, Campo Grande
The Metropolitan Cathedral of Our Lady of the Abbey and St. Anthony (Portuguese: Catedral Metropolitana Nossa Senhora da Abadia e Santo Antônio) Also Campo Grande Cathedral It is a Catholic cathedral that functions as the headquarters of the Archdiocese of Campo Grande in the South American country of Brazil. It is also the Parish Church of San Antonio, created on April 7, 1912.

San Antonio is the pattern of the city of Campo Grande. It is said that the founder of the city, Jose Antonio Pereira, was a devotee of the saint and during his trip from Minas Gerais to the camp, passed by Santana de Parnaíba, who was molested by a "malignant fever." As a practicing José Antonio took care of the population in the city and made a promise that if there were no mortal victims, would raise a church in honor of the saint. It became a cathedral in 1991.

Archdiocese of Campo Grande
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campo Grande (Latin: Archidioecesis Campi Grandis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Campo Grande, Brazil.
Associated Argentine Artists
Associated Argentine Artists (Spanish: Artistas Argentinos Asociados, AAA) was a leading Argentine film distribution company. It emerged during the Golden Age of Argentine Cinema and was modeled on the Hollywood company United Artists. One of the first films released by the company following its creation was The Gaucho War (1942).

Film distribution
Film distribution, also called film exhibition or film distribution and exhibition, is the process of making a film available for viewing to an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater, physical media (DVD, Blu-ray), digital download/transactional video on demand (VOD) (sale or rental), subscription VOD (e.g. Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, Disney+, Netflix) or television programs through broadcast syndication. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
Kriva Ćuprija
Kriva Ćuprija (or the transl. Crooked Bridge) is a small stone bridge across the Radobolja river in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The bridge is oldest one arch bridge in Mostar, built in 1558 during the Ottoman rule. Its builder was the Ottoman architect Ćejvan Ketoda.

It is located about thirty meters west of the Stari Most and represents its miniature version. It connects the banks of Radobolje with the one semicircular arch of 8.56 m in diameter. The bridge is 4.15 m high, and it is approached by stone steps.

Kriva Ćuprija belongs to the architectural complex of the Old Town of Mostar, and has been declared a National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina by KONS and a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Stefan Karol Kozłowski
Stefan Karol Kozłowski (4 November 1938 – 2 September 2022) was a Polish archaeologist known for his contributions to the study of the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods in Poland and the Near East. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was awarded with the Order of Polonia Restituta Knight's Cross.

Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences or Polish Academy of Learning (Polish: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, PAU), headquartered in Kraków and founded in 1872, is one of two institutions in contemporary Poland having the nature of an academy of sciences (the other being the Polish Academy of Sciences, headquartered in Warsaw).

The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences is co-owner of the Polish Library in Paris.
Fedir Aaronsky
Fedir Ivanovych Aaronsky (Фе́дір Іва́нович Ааро́нський) (around 1742, Hittsi Synetski, Hetmanate (now Hittsi, Lubny Raion, Poltava Oblast) — August 24, 1825, Kyiv) — Ukrainian painter, finift enamel artist, icon painter. In monastic life (from 1802) — Feodosiy.

Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast (Ukrainian: Полтавська область, romanized: Poltavska oblast), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Ukrainian: Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava. Most of its territory was part of the southern regions of the Cossack Hetmanate. Population: 1,352,283 (2022 estimate).

Three other important cities in the oblast are Horishni Plavni, Kremenchuk, and Lubny.
À tout prendre
À tout prendre (released as All Things Considered in English Canada and as Take It All in the United States) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Claude Jutra and released in 1963. The film stars Jutra and Johanne Harrelle. The film is widely recognized as one of the inaugural films of a new wave of Quebecois cinema for a secular and progressive independent nation.

The film was made with the intention to blend documentary aesthetics with a fictional narrative. Jutra described it as a "re-happening" of events from his life, made "in the manner of Rouch." The film depicted taboo subjects of adultery, interracial sexuality, abortion, and homosexuality. It was his first film made outside the National Film Board.

The film's ending, in which Jutra's character walks off a pier into a river and presumably drowns, eerily foreshadowed his own death in 1986.

Jean Rouch
Jean Rouch (French: [ʁuʃ]; 31 May 1917 – 18 February 2004) was a French filmmaker and anthropologist.

He is considered one of the founders of cinéma vérité in France. Rouch's practice as a filmmaker, for over 60 years in Africa, was characterized by the idea of shared anthropology. 
Influenced by his discovery of surrealism in his early twenties, many of his films blur the line between fiction and documentary, creating a new style: ethnofiction. The French New Wave filmmakers hailed Rouch as one of their own.

Commenting on Rouch's work as someone "in charge of research for the Musée de l'Homme" in Paris, Godard said, “Is there a better definition for a filmmaker?".
Vincent Kennedy
Vincent Paul Kennedy (15 February 1876 – 18 November 1943) was an Irish nationalist politician. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for West Cavan from 1904 to 1918, taking his seat as an Irish Parliamentary Party member in the House of Commons of what was then the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Kennedy was elected unopposed at a by-election on 11 June 1904, following the death of West Cavan's MP Thomas McGovern. He was returned unopposed in 1906, and at both the January and December elections in 1910., but like most Irish Parliamentary Party MPs, he did not stand at the 1918 general election, leaving the Sinn Féin candidate to be elected unopposed.

West Cavan
West Cavan was a parliamentary constituency in Ireland, which from 1885 to 1922 returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Prior to 1885 the area was part of the County Cavan constituency. After 1922, on the establishment of the Irish Free State, the area was not represented in the UK Parliament.
Jeff Cohen (sports executive)
Jeffrey Cohen is an American sports executive who served as general manager of the Kansas City Kings from 1981 to 1982 and athletic director at Brandeis University from 1986 to 2004. Before joining the Kings, Cohen spent 16 years with the Boston Celtics, rising to the position of assistant general manager.

Boston Herald
The Boston Herald is an American conservative daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts, and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981.

In December 2017, the Herald filed for bankruptcy. On February 14, 2018, Digital First Media successfully bid $11.9 million to purchase the company in a bankruptcy auction; the acquisition was completed on March 19, 2018. As of August 2018, the paper had approximately 110 total employees, compared to about 225 before the sale.
David Rakoff
David Benjamin Rakoff (November 27, 1964 – August 9, 2012) was a Canadian‑American essayist and humorist, born in Montreal and raised in Toronto, who spent his professional career in New York City. Rakoff was an essayist, journalist, and actor, and a regular contributor to WBEZ's This American Life. He described himself as a "New York writer" who also happened to be a "Canadian writer", a "mega Jewish writer", a "gay writer", and an "East Asian Studies major who has forgotten most of his Japanese" writer.

Sarah Vowell
Sarah Jane Vowell (born December 27, 1969) is an American historian, writer, journalist, radio personality, social commentator, and actress. She has written seven nonfiction books on American history and culture. Vowell was a contributing editor for the radio program This American Life on Public Radio International from 1996 to 2008, where she produced commentaries and documentaries. She was the voice of Violet Parr in the 2004 animated film The Incredibles and its 2018 sequel.
Acadia Cliffs State Nature Preserve
Acadia Cliffs State Nature Preserve is a state nature preserve in Washington County, Ohio, United States, with a small neck extending into Athens County, Ohio. Covering an area of 112 acres (0.45 km2), it was founded in 1994. It is known for its sandstone cliffs.  For a time, it was administered by the Ohio State Division of Wildlife, but is now administered by the Ohio Division of Nature Preserves. The nature preserve is close to the Washington-Athens County border.

The preserve centers on Beebe Road, which may be reached from Ohio State Route 144 east of Stewart, Ohio. The name derives from the fact that the land was formerly owned by the Acadia Coal Company.  The property includes an old millstone quarry, and many old millstones can still be seen on the site, now back in the forest.

This nature preserve was established in part to protect the Bradley's spleenwort, Asplenium bradleyi.  The spleenwort is a state-listed plant species.

Stewart, Ohio
Stewart is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in central Rome Township, Athens County, Ohio, United States. The population was 221 at the 2020 census. It has a post office with the ZIP code 45778.
Richard Wadge
Richard Henry Wadge (1864–1923) was an English football director of Burnley. Following the death of Burnley manager Spen Whittaker in 1910, Wadge temporarily assumed the club's secretarial duties. Born in Liskeard, Cornwall, in 1864, Wadge died in London in 1923, at the age of 59.

Liskeard
Liskeard (/lɪˈskɑːrd/ ⓘ lih-SKARD; Cornish: Lyskerrys) is an ancient stannary and market town and civil parish in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth, 14 miles (23 km) west of the Devon border, and 12 miles (20 km) east of Bodmin. The Bodmin Moor lies to the north-west of the town. At the 2021 census the population of the parish of 10,902.
Aldwyn of Coln
Aldwyn is an Anglo-Saxon saint. The village of Coln St Aldwyn in Gloucestershire is generally supposed to be named after him.

In Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, an Aldwyn is mentioned who was abbot of Partney. According to Bede he was the brother of Saint Æthelwine, who became bishop of Lindsey from around 680, and of Æthelhild, abbess of a monastery nearby.  There is no indication that this is the saint of Coln, but it is possible.

Ecclesiastical History of the English People
The Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Latin: Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum), written by Bede in about AD 731, is a history of the Christian Churches in England, and of England generally; its main focus is on the growth of Christianity. It was composed in Latin, and is believed to have been completed in 731 when Bede was approximately 59 years old. It is considered one of the most important original references on Anglo-Saxon history, and according to some scholars has played a key role in the development of an English national identity.
Boffalora sopra Ticino
Boffalora sopra Ticino (Milanese: Boffalòra [bufaˈlɔra]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Milan.

Boffalora sopra Ticino borders the following municipalities: Marcallo con Casone, Bernate Ticino, Magenta, Trecate, Cerano.

Magenta, Lombardy
Magenta (Italian pronunciation: [maˈdʒɛnta], Lombard pronunciation: [maˈdʒẽːta]) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Milan in Lombardy, northern Italy. It became notable as the site of the Battle of Magenta in 1859.  The color magenta takes its name from the battle.

Magenta is the birthplace of Saint Gianna Beretta Molla (1922–1962) and film producer Carlo Ponti (1912–2007).
The municipality of Magenta is part of the Parco naturale lombardo della Valle del Ticino, a Nature reserve included by UNESCO in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.
Avraham Shapira
Avraham Shapira (Hebrew: אברהם אלקנה כהנא שפירא; c. 1910, Jerusalem – 27 September 2007) was a prominent rabbi in the Religious Zionist world. Shapira had been the head of the Rabbinical court of Jerusalem, and both a member and the head of the Supreme Rabbinic Court. He served as the Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel from 1983 to 1993. Shapira was the rosh yeshiva of Mercaz haRav in Jerusalem, a position he held since Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook died in 1982.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.
Tagaung
Tagaung is a town in Thabeikkyin Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It is situated on the east bank of the Ayeyarwady River, 127 miles north of Mandalay.

Colloquially, Tagaung is thought to be the origin of the Burmese people, remembered by the adage Myanmar asa Tagaung ga (Myanmar starts from Tagaung). It holds an important place in Burmese mythology through the founding myth of Burmese prehistory, written in the Tagaung Yazawin, as well as the capital of the historical Tagaung Kingdom during the first millennium CE

Today Tagaung is a major market for salt produced at Halin, which is used to preserve fish.

The town was captured by the People's Defense Force on 12 August 2024.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
2010 FedEx Cup Playoffs
The 2010 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, began on August 26 and ended on September 26. It included the following four events:

The Barclays — Ridgewood Country Club, Paramus, New Jersey

Deutsche Bank Championship — TPC Boston, Norton, Massachusetts

BMW Championship — Cog Hill Golf & Country Club, Lemont, Illinois

The Tour Championship — East Lake Golf Club, Atlanta, Georgia

These were the fourth FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007.

The point distributions can be seen here.

Ridgewood Country Club
The Ridgewood Country Club (RCC) is a country club located in Paramus, New Jersey, a suburb northwest of New York City in Bergen County. It was founded in 1890 in neighboring Ho-Ho-Kus, but has been at its current location since 1926.  Its facilities were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
Fire Down Under
Fire Down Under is the third studio album by American heavy metal band Riot, released in 1981, it's the last album to feature original vocalist Guy Speranza. The song "Flashbacks" is dedicated to Neal Kay, a British DJ who supported heavy metal in the UK during the new wave of British heavy metal.

The album was re-issued on CD in 1997 by the German-based High Vaultage label, utilizing a new, controversial remix by former Riot producer Steve Loeb, and in 1999 by Metal Blade Records in the U.S., this time featuring the original Elektra mix. The album was reissued in 2014 courtesy of Varèse Sarabande. All three versions contain various bonus tracks recorded for the original Capitol Records version of Fire Down Under which the band were unhappy with. Capitol dropped the band for being "too heavy" after hearing the final version subsequently released by Elektra Records.. In 2018 the album was reissued, remastered and with six bonus tracks, by Rock Candy Records.

Neal Kay
Neal Kay (born 10 February 1950) is a former London-based disc jockey, who was an important factor in the rise of the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM), along with Tommy Vance, in the late 1970s and early 1980s.