hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Thornton (Irish republican)
Frank Thornton  (1891–1965)
was an Irish republican active in the Irish revolutionary period.

He was born in Drogheda the eldest of eight children. The family emigrated to Liverpool where he joined the Gaelic League, the Irish Republican Brotherhood and the Irish Volunteers. During the Easter Rising, he initially commanded at Liberty Hall before taking charge of the Imperial Hotel on O’Connell Street. He sustained two wounds.

After the surrender, he was sentenced to death under the mistaken name of "Frank Drennan". The sentence was later commuted to ten years. He was imprisoned in Dartmoor and Portland and was released under the 1917 general amnesty. Frank Thornton died on holiday in Sitges, Spain on 22 September 1965.

Irish revolutionary period
The revolutionary period in Irish history was the period in the 1910s and early 1920s when Irish nationalist opinion shifted from the Home Rule-supporting Irish Parliamentary Party to the republican Sinn Féin movement. There were several waves of civil unrest linked to Ulster loyalism, trade unionism, and physical force republicanism, leading to the Irish War of Independence, the Partition of Ireland, the creation of the Irish Free State, and the Irish Civil War.

Some modern historians define the revolutionary period as the period from the introduction of the Third Home Rule Bill to the end of the Civil War (1912/1913 to 1923), or sometimes more narrowly as the period from the Easter Rising to the end of the War of Independence or the Civil War (1916 to 1921/1923).

The early years of the Free State, when it was governed by the pro-Treaty party Cumann na nGaedheal, have been described by at least one historian as a counter-revolution.
Functional gastrointestinal disorder
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), also known as disorders of gut–brain interaction, include a number of separate idiopathic disorders which affect different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and involve visceral hypersensitivity and motility disturbances.

Idiopathic disease
An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin.

For some medical conditions, one or more causes are somewhat understood, but in a certain percentage of instances, the cause may not be readily apparent or characterized. In these cases, the origin of the condition is said to be idiopathic. With some other medical conditions, the root cause for a large percentage of all cases has not been established—for example, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or ankylosing spondylitis; the majority of these cases are deemed idiopathic. Certain medical conditions, when idiopathic, notably some forms of epilepsy and stroke, are preferentially described by the synonymous term of cryptogenic.
2021 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed doubles
Neal Skupski and Desirae Krawczyk defeated Joe Salisbury and Harriet Dart in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–1), to win the mixed doubles tennis title at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships. It was Krawczyk's second consecutive major title in mixed doubles, following her success at the French Open.

Ivan Dodig and Latisha Chan were the defending champions from when the tournament was last held in 2019, but lost in the third round to John Peers and Zhang Shuai.

2021 French Open – Mixed doubles
Desirae Krawczyk and Joe Salisbury defeated Elena Vesnina and Aslan Karatsev in the final, 2–6, 6–4, [10–5] to win the mixed doubles title at the 2021 French Open. It was Krawczyk's first major title, and was Salisbury's first major title in mixed doubles. Additionally, this was Vesnina's first major final since returning from pregnancy, and Karatsev's first major final in any discipline. Vesnina and Karatsev were the first Russian team to reach the French Open mixed doubles final.

Latisha Chan and Ivan Dodig were the two-time defending champions, but lost in the first round to Demi Schuurs and Wesley Koolhof.

This was the first edition of this event since 2019, as the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament featured only 16 teams, instead of the usual 32 teams.
Misrepresentation in Indian law
A concept of English law that has been adopted in India, a misrepresentation  is an untrue or misleading  statement of fact made during negotiations by one party to another, which then induces that other party into the contract. The misled party may normally rescind the contract, and sometimes may be awarded damages as well (or instead of rescission).

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
B.D. College, Patna
B.D. College, Patna, also known by as Bhuwaneshwari Dayal College, established in 1970, is a Professional Degree colleges in Patna, Bihar. It is a constituent unit of Patliputra University. College offers undergraduate courses in Science, Commerce and Arts. This college runs as per UGC and is controlled by Bihar State Education Department Act.

Patliputra University
Patliputra University (PPU) is a collegiate public state university located in Patna, Bihar, India. It was established in 2018 by the Government of Bihar. The university has jurisdiction over colleges in the Patna and Nalanda districts, except those affiliated with Patna University. As a collegiate university, its functions are shared between the university departments and its affiliated institutions. The headquarters is situated at Kankarbagh, Patna, while a permanent campus is under development near Bakhtiyarpur.
Harriseahead
Harriseahead is a village in the civil parish of Kidsgrove, in the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, in Staffordshire, England. It lies close to the county boundaries of Cheshire-Staffordshire.

It is close to the towns of Biddulph, Congleton and Kidsgrove. The village also forms a continuous urban area with the villages and hamlets of Brindley Ford, Brown Lees, Dales Green, Mow Cop, Newchapel, Packmoor and The Rookery. This also forms a huge part of the wider "Potteries" urban area with Kidsgrove and Stoke-on-Trent.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Parliamentary constituencies in Suffolk
The county of Suffolk is divided into 8 parliamentary constituencies: 1 borough constituency and 7 county constituencies. Seven constituencies lie wholly within Suffolk while Waveney Valley straddles the county border between Suffolk and Norfolk.

Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the boundary commissions are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions: one each for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The speaker of the House of Commons chairs each of the boundary commissions ex officio but does not play any part in the review, and a High Court judge is appointed to each boundary commission as deputy chair.
Dalkeith (Arcola, North Carolina)
Dalkeith is a historic plantation house located near Arcola, Warren County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1825, and is a two-story, late Federal style, temple-form frame dwelling.  It has a gable roof and brick basement. The front facade features a pedimented entrance porch, with four fluted Doric order columns.  The house is similar in style to Elgin. During the American Civil War Asa Biggs took refuge at Dalkeith, where he wrote his autobiography.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Angelo Tartaglia
Angelo Tartaglia, also known as Angelo Broglio da Lavello (1350 or 1370–1421), was an Italian condottiero and nobleman. Tartaglia served as a captain of the Papal Army beginning in 1415, and was lord of Lavello, Toscanella, Tarquinia, Canino, Acquapendente, Montalto di Castro, Marta, Civitella d’Agliano, Sipicciano, Gradoli, and Sutri.

Canino
Canino is a town and comune of Italy, in the province of Viterbo (northern Lazio) in the internal part of Maremma Laziale. It is 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Valentano and 44 kilometres (27 mi) northwest of Viterbo.

It is also near the ancient Etruscan town of Vulci, and  the destroyed city of Castro. Lucien Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon, was lord of Canino and is buried in the town's collegiate church. Canino was also a residence of the Farnese family; future pope Paul III was born here in 1468.

The hills that surround Canino reach the Selva del Lamone and are cultivated with grapes and olive, the famous olive oil extra vergine di oliva, from the "Canina" olive variety, has been given DOP with Reg. CE n. 1263/96.
Afrosciadium eylesii
Afrosciadium eylesii is a member of the carrot family, Apiaceae. It is a perennial tuberous herb native to southeastern Africa, from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania to Zimbabwe and Mozambique.

Afrosciadium eylesii was previously classified as Peucedanum eylesii before the genus Afrosciadium was established in 2008.

Afrosciadium eylesii is found between roughly 1,750 to 2,100 meters above sea level, in damp tropical grasslands in southeastern Africa. It grows to between 1 and 2 meters tall, with a purple-tinged woody stem. It boasts flowers with small, elliptical petals, roughly 1 millimeter long, of a yellow or yellow-green color. The tuberous root is stout and woody.

Peucedanum
Peucedanum is a genus of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae. Peucedanum boasts a global presence with diverse spread of morphological features. Peucedanum species are characterized by dorsally compressed mericarps, slightly prominent dorsal ribs, narrowly winged lateral ribs, and a broad commissure. However, the vast diversity of morphology, fruit forms, and phytochemical production makes classifying species in the Peucedanum challenging. Historically relevant in traditional medicine, Peucedanum's taxonomic complexity arises from its extensive diversity.

Peucedanum's taxonomy is being reshaped by novel genomic insights, prompting ongoing revisions with promising implications for ethnopharmacological research and the broader understanding of plant biodiversity. These efforts hold potential for advancements in therapeutic discoveries and contribute to the ecological significance of this globally diverse genus.
Just de Noailles
Antonin Claude Dominique Just de Noailles (22 August 1777 in Paris – 1 August 1846 in Paris), 7th Prince of Poix then (from 1834) 4th Spanish Duke of Mouchy, 3rd French Duke of Mouchy and Duke of Poix, was a French politician.

Lunéville
Lunéville (French pronunciation: [lynevil]; German: Lünstadt [ˈlʏnʃtat] ⓘ; Lorrain: Leneinvile) is a commune in the northeastern French  department of Meurthe-et-Moselle.

It is a subprefecture of the department and lies on the river Meurthe at its confluence with the Vezouze.
Kappa Centauri
Kappa Centauri is a triple star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from κ Centauri, and abbreviated Kappa Cen or κ Cen. With an apparent visual magnitude of +3.14, it can be viewed with the naked eye on a dark night. Parallax measurements place it at an estimated distance of 400 light-years (120 parsecs) from Earth.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
HD 34626
HD 34626, also known as MZ Aurigae, is an unusual variable star in the northern constellation of Auriga.  It has an apparent magnitude of 8.2 and is about 3,300 light years away.

The spectrum of HD 34626 had long been known to be unusual, with very broad lines indicating rapid rotation and emission lines marking it as a Be star.  In 1970, John R. Percy found that it varies in brightness by 0.1 magnitude over time scales of 8 to 12 hours, but these variations are not periodic. This indicates the variability is not caused by ellipsoidal effects, and the nature of the variability remains unknown.  It may be a type of SX Arietis variable. It was given its variable star designation in 1972.

HD 34626 has exhausted its core hydrogen and evolved away from the main sequence.  Its spectral type indicates that it is a subgiant, but evolutionary models suggest it may be in the giant stage.

SX Arietis variable
SX Arietis variables are a class of variable stars. They are generally B-type main sequence stars of spectral types B0p to B9p— high-temperature analogues of Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variables—and exhibit strong magnetic fields and intense He I and Si III spectral lines. They have brightness fluctuations of approximately 0.1 magnitudes with periods of about one day. The prototype of this class is 56 Arietis, which bears the variable star designation SX Arietis.
Catocala vidua
Catocala vidua, the widow underwing, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797. It is found in North America from southern Ontario, into Maine, New Hampshire and Connecticut, south at least to Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, west to Texas and Oklahoma, and north to Wisconsin.

The wingspan is 70–80 mm. Adults are on wing from August to October. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Carya illinoinensis, Carya ovata, Carya pallida, Juglans cinerea, Juglans nigra, Quercus, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Salix.

Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia, commonly known as black locust, is a medium-sized hardwood deciduous tree, belonging to the tribe Robinieae of the legume family. Another common name is false acacia, a literal translation of the specific name (pseudo [Greek ψευδο-] meaning fake or false and acacia referring to the genus of plants with the same name).

Although fossilized traces of the genus were found in Europe, the species itself is native to a few small areas of the United States, but has been widely planted and naturalized elsewhere, including temperate North America, Eurasia, and Africa. It is considered an invasive species in some regions.
Smygaren
Smygaren (The creeper) is an unidentified serial rapist, active in Gothenburg, Sweden during the 1990s. In June 2007, a man was arrested on suspicion of being the perpetrator, and was charged with five counts of rape and two counts of sexual assault. The suspected perpetrator was linked to at least one of the crime scenes via DNA evidence, with authorities also discovering that he had been convicted of rape in neighboring Norway.

In November 2008, the suspect was convicted by the Gothenburg District Court for four cases of serious rape and one sexual assault, and sent off to a closed psychiatric care clinic. A month later, the verdict was upheld, and the convicted refused to appeal it.

The nickname "the creeper" was because the man climbed through open windows to get to his victims. The rapist had the habit of lounging over his victims, who were asleep in their bed, and then holding a knife to the victim's neck.

Serial rapist
A serial rapist is someone who commits multiple rapes, whether with multiple victims or a single victim repeatedly over a period of time. Some serial rapists target children. The terms sexual predator, repeat rape and multiple offending can also be used to describe the activities of those who commit a number of consecutive rapes, but remain unprosecuted when self-reported in research. Others will commit their assaults in prisons.

In some instances, a group of serial rapists will work together.  These rapists can have a pattern of behavior that is sometimes used to predict their activities and aid in their arrest and conviction. Serial rapists also differ from one-time offenders because "serial rapists more often involved kidnapping, verbally and physically threatening the victims, and using or threatening the use of weapons."
Plack (horse)
Plack (1921–1940) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. As a juvenile in 1923 when she won three races and finished second to Diophon in the Middle Park Stakes. In the following year she recorded her biggest victory when taking a very strong renewal of the 1000 Guineas and then finished second in the Epsom Oaks. Later that year she added wins in the Newmarket Oaks and the Jockey Club Cup. She failed to win in 1925 but was placed in the Coronation Cup, Hardwicke Stakes, Doncaster Cup and Jockey Club Cup. Despite producing few foals she had some influence as a broodmare.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Saint Hubert Street
St. Hubert Street (officially in French: rue Saint-Hubert) is a north–south street that spans the island of Montreal. It is located east of Berri Street.

It traverses the boroughs of Ville-Marie, Le Plateau-Mont-Royal, Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie, Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension and Ahuntsic-Cartierville.

There is also a Rue Saint-Hubert in Laval's Pont-Viau district, running several blocks north from the Rivière des Prairies not far from the alignment of the Montreal street, although they are not connected.

Rivière des Prairies
The Rivière des Prairies (pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ de pʁɛʁi]; lit. 'River of the Prairies'), called the Back River in English, is a delta channel of the Ottawa River in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The Kanien'kehá:ka called it Skowanoti, meaning "River behind the island". The river separates the cities of Laval and Montreal.
Néondian
Néondian is a 1985 album by the German musician Klaus Dinger. Néondian was originally intended to be released as the fourth La Düsseldorf album (and titled Mon Amour), but the departure of Dinger's two bandmates in 1983 and the ensuing legal battle over the band's name forced Teldec to release the album under the obscure moniker "Klaus Dinger + Rheinita Bella Düsseldorf" (referencing La Düsseldorf's best selling single - "Rheinita").

Conny Plank
Konrad "Conny" Plank (3 May 1940 – 5 December 1987) was a German record producer and musician. He is known for his innovative work as a sound engineer and producer in Germany's krautrock and kosmische music scene in the 1970s. Plank was involved in releases by Neu!, Kraftwerk, Cluster, Harmonia, Ash Ra Tempel, Guru Guru, Kraan, and other German groups of the era. He later produced for new wave acts such as D.A.F., Eurythmics, Ultravox and Killing Joke and was influential to producer Martin Hannett.

As a billed performer, Plank also formed the group Moebius & Plank, releasing 5 albums between 1979 and 1986.
Aniche
Aniche (French pronunciation: [aniʃ]; Picard: In-niche) is a commune in the Nord département in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

The commune, located in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais mining area, long lived on the mining of coal with fourteen pits on its territory. Eleven pits were owned by the Aniche Mining Company and three by the Compagnie des mines d'Azincourt (Agincourt Mining Company).

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Mayoral elections in Evansville, Indiana
Elections are held in Evansville, Indiana to elect the city's mayor. Currently, such elections are regularly scheduled to be held every four years, in the year immediately preceding that of United States presidential elections.

Vanderburgh County, Indiana
Vanderburgh County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 180,136. The county seat is Evansville. While Vanderburgh County was the eighth-largest county in 2020 population in Indiana, it is also the eighth-smallest county in area and the smallest in southwestern Indiana, covering only 236 square miles (610 km2). Vanderburgh County forms the core of the Evansville metropolitan statistical area.
St Columb Minor and Colan (electoral division)
St Columb Minor and Colan is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. It was created at the 2021 local elections. At the 2025 election it was won by Christine Parsonage, a member of Reform UK, who subsequently left Reform UK before resigning as a councillor.

Cornwall Council
Cornwall Council (Cornish: Konsel Kernow [ˈkɔn.sɛl ˈkɛrnɔʊ]), known between 1889 and 2009 as Cornwall County Council (Cornish: Konteth Konsel Kernow), is the local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Cornwall in South West England. Since 2009 it has been a unitary authority, having taken over district-level functions when the county’s districts were abolished. The non-metropolitan county of Cornwall is slightly smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the Isles of Scilly. The council's headquarters is Lys Kernow (also known as New County Hall) in Truro.

The council has been under no overall control since July 2024. Following the May 2025 election an administration of the Liberal Democrats and independents formed to run the council.