hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernhard Minnigerode
Bernhard Minnigerode (10 August 1837 – 15 August 1896) was a German mathematician, mineralogist and Alpine climber. His name, together with Franz Ernst Neumann, is associated with Curie's principle which is also named the Neumann–Minnigerode–Curie principle.

Curie's principle
Curie's principle, or Curie's symmetry principle, is a maxim about cause and effect formulated by Pierre Curie in 1894:

the symmetries of the causes are to be found in the
effects.

The idea was based on the ideas of Franz Ernst Neumann and Bernhard Minnigerode. Thus, it is sometimes known as the Neumann–Minnigerode–Curie principle.

Later physicists have interpreted Curie's principle in the context of thermodynamics. Dynamics close to equilibrium are described by a set of transport coefficients whose symmetries must match the symmetries of the system, according to Curie's principle.
History of aerial warfare
The history of aerial warfare began in ancient times, with the use of kites in China. In the third century, it progressed to balloon warfare. Airplanes were put to use for war starting in 1911, initially for reconnaissance, and then for aerial combat to shoot down the recon planes. The use of planes for strategic bombing emerged during World War II. Also during World War II, Nazi Germany developed many missile and precision-guided munition systems, including the first cruise missile, the first short-range ballistic missile, the first guided surface-to-air missiles, and the first anti-ship missiles. Ballistic missiles became of key importance during the Cold War, were armed with nuclear warheads, and were stockpiled by the superpowers – the United States and the Soviet Union – to deter each other from using them.

Cruise missile
A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided missile that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large payload over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of traveling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory.
Ștefan Stoica (politician)
Ştefan Stoica (1976 – 4 February 2014) was a  Romanian politician. He was a member of the Senate from 2012 to 2014.

A physician by profession, he was a member of the Democratic Liberal Party before switching to the People's Party – Dan Diaconescu, and he was elected while belonging to that party, for a seat in Ialomița County. In October 2013, he defected to the Social Democratic Party.

Stoica died of cancer at the age of 37.

Senate of Romania
The Senate (Romanian: Senat) is the upper house in the bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 136 seats (before the 2016 parliamentary election the total number of elected representatives was 176), to which members are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation in 43 electoral districts (the 41 counties, the city of Bucharest plus 1 constituency for the Romanians living abroad), to serve four-year terms.
Lonaprisan
Lonaprisan (INN, USAN) (developmental code names ZK-230211, BAY 86-5044, ZK-PRA) is a synthetic, steroidal antiprogestogen which was under development by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, and breast cancer but was discontinued. It is a potent and highly selective silent antagonist of the progesterone receptor (PR). The drug reached phase II clinical trials prior to its discontinuation.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Gonionautilidae
Gonionautilidae is a family in the nautilid superfamily Clydonautiliaceae that contains only the genus Gonionautilus, known from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of Europe and North America. (Alps, state of Nevada)

Gonionautilus has a smooth, compressed involute shell with a narrow flattened venter and angular ventral shoulders. The suture resembles that of Clydonautilus, from which it must have been derived, except for the more highly developed median saddle and bifurcated dorsal lobe.

Gonionautilus (Gonionautilidae) is one of a number of advanced nautiloid cephalopods that developed sutures resembling those of some goniatites in the Ammonoidea.

Goniatite
Goniatids, informally goniatites, are ammonoid cephalopods that form the order Goniatitida, derived from the more primitive Agoniatitida during the Middle Devonian some 390 million years ago (around Eifelian stage). Goniatites (goniatitids) survived the Late Devonian extinction to flourish during the Carboniferous and Permian only to become extinct at the end of the Permian some 139 million years later.
Ch'iqlla
Ch'iqlla (Quechua for tadpole, also spelled Chijlla) is a 5,709-metre-high (18,730 ft) mountain in Bolivia. It is located in the Potosí Department, Sud Lípez Province, San Pablo de Lípez Municipality. Ch'iqlla lies between the Ch'iqu volcano in the north and Laguna Colorada in the south.

Potosí Department
Potosí (Spanish pronunciation: [potoˈsi]; Quechua: P'utuqsi; Aymara: Putusi) is a department in southwestern Bolivia. Its area is 118,218 km2 and its population is 856,419 (2024 census). The capital is the city of Potosí. 
It is a mostly barren, mountainous region with one large plateau to the west, where the largest salt flat in the world, Salar de Uyuni, is located.

Cerro Potosí was the richest province in the Spanish Empire, providing a great percentage of the silver that was shipped to Europe.

Potosi is also the location of the San Cristóbal silver, zinc and lead mines, developed by the US company Apex Silver Mines Limited of Colorado and sold in November 2008 to the Japanese Sumitomo Corporation.
Záluží (Litoměřice District)
Záluží (German: Salusch) is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Záluží lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Litoměřice, 31 km (19 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Labem, and 42 km (26 mi) north of Prague.

Ústí nad Labem
Ústí nad Labem (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː nad ˈlabɛm] ⓘ; German: Aussig) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction.
Chronicle: The Complete Prestige Recordings
Chronicle: The Complete Prestige Recordings is a 12×LP box set by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis, compiling his sessions between 1951 and 1956 for Prestige Records. It was issued in 1980, and reissued in 1988 on 8×CD as Chronicle: The Complete Prestige Recordings 1951–1956. The box set contains a 64-page illustrated booklet that includes rare photographs, full discographical details, and an analysis of each session by Dan Morgenstern, Director of the Institute of Jazz Studies at Rutgers University.

Prestige Records
Prestige Records is a jazz record company and label founded in 1949 by Bob Weinstock in New York City which issued recordings in the mainstream, bop, and cool jazz idioms. The company recorded hundreds of albums by many of the leading jazz musicians of the day, sometimes issuing them on subsidiary labels. The company's began releasing jazz records in 78 and 45 RPM formats in 1950.  The Prestige label includes the 13000 and 25000 cat# series. Prestige International was a sub-label of Prestige, active from 1960 to 1969, that mostly released folk music. In 1971, the company was sold to Fantasy, which was later absorbed by Concord.
Battle of Praia da Vitória
The Battle of Praia Bay was fought by the coast of Terceira Island on August 11, 1829, between Portuguese liberals and a Miguelite fleet as part of the Portuguese civil war.

The Miguelites under command of José António Azevedo e Lemos attempted to disembark troops on Terceira island, but were defeated by the liberal troops under command of the Duke of Terceira who controlled a dozen small forts and artillery batteries along five kilometers of the coast. The defeat of the miguelites in this battle was decisive for the affirmation and posterior victory of the liberal ideas in Portugal.

After the war, the municipality of Praia was renamed as Praia da Vitória.

Liberal Wars
The Liberal Wars (Portuguese: Guerras Liberais), also known as the Portuguese Civil War (Guerra Civil Portuguesa) and the War of the Two Brothers (Guerra dos Dois Irmãos) was a civil war in Portugal that lasted from May 1828 to May 1834, fought between liberal progressive constitutionalists (led by former King Pedro IV) and conservative traditionalists (led by King Miguel I) over the country's system of government and royal succession. Embroiled parties included the Kingdom of Portugal, Portuguese rebels, the United Kingdom, France, the Catholic Church, Spain and Russia.
Clarence Fault
The Clarence Fault is an active dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault in the northeastern part of South Island, New Zealand. It forms part of the Marlborough fault system, which accommodates the transfer of displacement along the oblique convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and Pacific plate, from the transform Alpine Fault to the Hikurangi Trough subduction zone.

Active fault
An active fault is a fault that is likely to become the source of another earthquake sometime in the future. Geologists commonly consider faults to be active if there has been movement observed or evidence of seismic activity during the last 10,000 years.

Active faulting is considered to be a geologic hazard – one related to earthquakes as a cause. Effects of movement on an active fault include strong ground motion, surface faulting, tectonic deformation, landslides and rockfalls, liquefaction, tsunamis, and seiches.

Quaternary faults are those active faults that have been recognized at the surface and which have evidence of movement during the Quaternary Period.

Related geological disciplines for active-fault studies include geomorphology, seismology, reflection seismology, plate tectonics, geodetics and remote sensing, risk analysis, and others.
2001–02 EuroLeague Women
The 2001–02 Euroleague Women was the sixth edition of the Euroleague era of FIBA's premier international competition for European women's basketball clubs, running between 31 October 2001 and 28 April 2002. Last year's runner-up US Valenciennes Olympic defeated Lotos Gdynia in the final to become the second French club to win the competition.

Arka Gdynia (women's basketball)
Arka Gdynia, currently known as VBW Gdynia for sponsorship reasons, is a Polish professional women's basketball club based in Gdynia. With 14 Polish Championships and 10 Polish Cups won (as of 2025), it is one of the country's most accomplished women's basketball clubs. It plays in the Orlen Basket Liga Kobiet, the highest division in Poland.
2011–12 Nevada Wolf Pack men's basketball team
The 2011–12 Nevada Wolf Pack men's basketball team represented the University of Nevada, Reno during the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Wolf Pack, led by third year head coach David Carter, played their home games at the Lawlor Events Center and were members of the Western Athletic Conference. They finished the season 28–7, 13–1 in WAC play to be crowned regular season. They lost to Louisiana Tech in the semifinals of the WAC Basketball tournament. As regular season conference champions, they received an automatic bid into the 2012 National Invitation Tournament where they defeated Oral Roberts in the first round and Bucknell in the second round before falling in the quarterfinals to Stanford.

This was Nevada's final year as a member of the WAC as they will join the Mountain West Conference in July 2012.

2011–12 Oral Roberts Golden Eagles men's basketball team
The 2011–12 Oral Roberts Golden Eagles men's basketball team represented Oral Roberts University during the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Golden Eagles, led by 13th year head coach Scott Sutton, played their home games at the Mabee Center and are members of The Summit League. This was their last season as a member of The Summit League before joining the Southland Conference in 2012–13 (they rejoined the Summit League in 2014–15). They finished the season 27–7, 17–1 in Summit League play to be crowned regular season champions. They lost in the semifinals of The Summit League Basketball tournament to Western Illinois. As regular season conference champions, they received an automatic bid into the 2012 National Invitation Tournament where they lost in the first round to Nevada.
Susan Akland
Susan Akland (born March 7, 1949) is an American politician and former member of the Minnesota House of Representatives. A Republican, she was elected in 2020 and represented District 19A in south-central Minnesota, which encompasses the whole of Nicollet County, as well as small portions of Le Sueur and Blue Earth counties, and includes the city of St. Peter and North Mankato.

Geography of Minnesota
The U.S. State of Minnesota is the northernmost state outside Alaska; its isolated Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods is the only part of the 48 contiguous states lying north of the 49th parallel north. Minnesota is in the U.S. region known as the Upper Midwest in interior North America. The state shares a Lake Superior water border with Michigan and Wisconsin on the northeast; the remainder of the eastern border is with Wisconsin. Iowa is to the south, South Dakota and North Dakota are to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario are to the north. With 87,014 square miles (225,370 km2), or approximately 2.26% of the United States, Minnesota is the 12th largest state.
2022 National Counties Championship
The 2022 National Counties Championship is the 117th National Counties Cricket Championship season. It is contested in two divisions. Oxfordshire were the defending champions, but they finished second in the Western Division 1 this season. Berkshire won the title by defeating Lincolnshire in the final by virtue of their first innings lead in a drawn match. The final was played in West Bromwich, Staffordshire. This was the 9th title for Berkshire and their 5th in the last 7 years.

Oxfordshire County Cricket Club
Oxfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Oxfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Oxfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1967 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Hypothyroidism in dogs
Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrinopathies in dogs. It is either acquired or congenital.

Thyroxine
Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroxine and its active metabolites are essential for regulating metabolic rate, supporting heart and muscle function, promoting brain development, and maintaining bone health.
Kiyoji Ōtsuji
Kiyoji Ōtsuji (大辻 清司, Ōtsuji Kiyoji; 1923–2001) was a Japanese photographer, photography theorist, and educator. He was active in the avant-garde art world in Japan after World War II, both creating his own experimental photographs, and taking widely circulated documentary photographs of other artists and art projects. He became an authority in Japanese photography, extensively publishing commentaries and educating future generations of photographers.

Musashino Art University
Musashino Art University (武蔵野美術大学, Musashino Bijutsu Daigaku) or Musabi (武蔵美) is a private university in Kodaira, Western Tokyo, founded in 1962 with roots going back to 1929. It is known as one of the leading art universities in Japan.
Terres de l'Ebre
Terres de l'Ebre within Catalonia

Terres de l'Ebre (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈtɛrəz ðə ˈleβɾə], in English 'Ebre Lands') is the south-westernmost of the eight regions (vegueries) defined by the Regional Plan of Catalonia. It has a population of 182,231 as of 2022, placing it second to last in terms of population. The region includes the comarques of Baix Ebre, Montsià, Terra Alta and Ribera d'Ebre. It is located in the lower course of the Ebre river, and its northern coastal limit is marked by the Coll de Balaguer, a natural limit with the Camp de Tarragona region.

It is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 2013 being the second territory in Catalonia to be awarded with this recognition, the first one being the Montseny Massif.

Its capital, following the law of vegueries, is the city of Tortosa.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential School
Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential School was a residential school that operated from 1902 until 1976 near Shoal Lake, Ontario. The school was funded by the government of Canada and operated by the Presbyterian Church of Canada. Between 1925 and 1927, the school was operated by the United Church of Canada. In 1969, the government of Canada took over operations at the school.

Students who attended Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential School came from Shoal Lake 40, Northwest Angle 33, Marten Falls, Whitefish Bay, Lac des Mille Lacs, Islington 29, Fort Alexander, Rat Portage 38A, Deer Lake, Lac Seul, Osnaburgh 63A, Pic Mobert, Assabaska, Fort Hope 64, Fisher River, Long Plain, and Seine River First Nations.

Marten Falls First Nation
Marten Falls First Nation is an Anishinaabe First Nation reserve located in northern Ontario. The First Nation occupies communities on both sides of the Albany River in Northern Ontario, including Ogoki Post (Ojibwe: Ogookiing) in the Cochrane District and Marten Falls in the Kenora District. As of December 2013, the First Nation had a total registered population of 728 people, of which their on-reserve population was 328 people.
Fremington Edge
Fremington Edge is a 3-mile (5 km) long wall of crags and scree slopes that is situated to the north of the village of Reeth in Swaledale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park, England. Fremington Edge forms the south-eastern edge of Arkengarthdale, extending to the point where the dale meets Swaledale. Throughout its full length the Edge stays above the height of 1,300 feet (400 m) and reaches a highest point of 1,552 feet (473 m) at the northern end of the escarpment.

Swaledale
Swaledale is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines, and within the Yorkshire Dales National Park. It is named after the River Swale, which runs through it. Swaledale is the most northerly of the major dales.
Gay?
Gay? is an EP by 12 Rods. It was released on January 14, 1996, by V2 Records.

The EP is notable for being the first recording to receive a very rare 10 rating from Pitchfork upon its release, being one of the few albums to ever have done so.

V2 Records
V2 Records (or V2 Music and V2 Benelux; V2 being an abbreviation for Virgin 2) is a record label that was purchased by Universal Music Group in 2007, sold to PIAS in 2013 and partially acquired by Universal in 2022 (as part of larger PIAS 49% equity acquisition). In 2024, Universal acquired the remaining 51% of PIAS that it did not already own. In Benelux, V2 would operate separately from PIAS from 2013 to 2022, since the label was bought from Universal in 2007, henceforth Universal Music Group fully owns V2.
Guildford Road
Guildford Road is a major road in Perth, Western Australia, linking the inner-city suburb of Mount Lawley with Guildford in the north-east. The ten-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) road runs mostly parallel to the Swan River, on its northern side, and is part of State Route 51, which runs between Perth's CBD and Midvale. Guildford Road is maintained and controlled by Main Roads Western Australia, which uses the internal designation "H026 Guildford Road" for Guildford Road, as well as Bridge Street and James Street in Guildford. In the 1930s, the name Great Eastern Highway was coined to describe the road, but was actually used for the road on the other side of the Swan River.

Guildford, Western Australia
Guildford is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, 12 km northeast of the city centre within the City of Swan. Guildford was founded in 1829 as one of the earliest settlements of the Swan River Colony. It is one of only three towns in the metropolitan area listed on the Register of the National Trust.
Meladze
Meladze (Georgian: მელაძე) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Konstantin Meladze (born 1963), Ukrainian-Russian composer and producer

Mevlud Meladze (born 1972), Georgian racing driver

Sergey Meladze (born 1980), Turkmenistan Paralympic powerlifter

Valery Meladze (born 1965), Russian singer

Konstantin Meladze
Konstantin Shotayevich Meladze (Russian: Константин Шотаевич Меладзе; Georgian: კონსტანტინე მელაძე; born 11 May 1963) is a Georgian-born Ukrainian and Russian composer and producer. He is the older brother of singer Valery Meladze and co-founder and co-producer of the Ukrainian girl group Nu Virgos (ВИА Гра).
Namikawa
Namikawa is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Banri Namikawa (並河 萬里, 1931–2006), Japanese photographer

Daisuke Namikawa (浪川 大輔, born 1976), Japanese voice actor

Namikawa Sōsuke (1847–1910), Japanese cloisonné artist

Namikawa Yasuyuki (1845–1927), Japanese cloisonné artist

Namikawa Sōsuke
Namikawa Sōsuke (1847–1910) was a Japanese cloisonné artist, known for innovations that developed cloisonné enamel into an artistic medium sharing many features with paintings. He and Namikawa Yasuyuki (no relation) were the most famous cloisonné artists of the 1890 to 1910 period, known as the "golden age" of Japanese enamels. Around 1880 he set up and ran the Tokyo branch of the Nagoya Cloisonné Company. He exhibited his artworks at national and international expositions, where he took an organising role. He was recognised as an Imperial Household Artist and created art works for imperial residences. He sometimes signed his works with the character sakigake (pioneer).
Auguste de Laissardière
Auguste de Laissardière (15 April 1881 – 21 June 1964) was a French equestrian and cavalry officer. He competed in the team jumping event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

He fought during both World War I and World War II. Assigned to the Saumur Cavalry School in June 1940, he prevented the capture of the school's horses after the French defeat.

École de cavalerie, Saumur
The École de cavalerie (French pronunciation: [ekɔl də kavalʁi], Cavalry School) is a French military training establishment at Saumur in Western France. Originally set up to train the cavalry of the French Army, it now trains the troops of France's Arme blindée et cavalerie (Armoured Cavalry Arm) in reconnaissance and armoured warfare.