hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis D. Morley
Francis David Morley (born 1966) is a retired United States Navy vice admiral who served as the Principal Military Deputy to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research, Development and Acquisition) from 2021 to 2024. He most recently served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the United States Navy for International Programs from 2016 to 2021. Previously, he was the Vice Commander of the Naval Air Systems Command from 2015 to 2016.

Raised in Phoenix, Arizona, Morley earned a B.S. degree in physics from San Diego State University. Designated a naval aviator, he also graduated from the United States Naval Test Pilot School. Morley later received an M.S. degree in aviation systems from the University of Tennessee as well as National Security Studies and International Security from George Washington University and Harvard Kennedy School of Government respectively.

University of Tennessee Space Institute
The University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI) is a satellite campus of the University of Tennessee located near Tullahoma, Tennessee.

UTSI was founded to allow students to take advantage of the aerospace facilities located in the Arnold Engineering Development Center on Arnold Air Force Base, including wind tunnels and other laboratory equipment. Currently, the research activities conducted at UTSI are largely through the Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering department.
William Basset (divine)
William Basset (1644–1695) was an English divine.

Basset was the son of Thomas Basset, minister of Great Harborough in Warwickshire, was baptised there 22 October 1644, became a commoner of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, in 1660, and afterwards a demy of Magdalen College, also at the University of Oxford. He graduated M.A., and took orders, was beneficed first in Surrey, afterwards (1671) at Brinklow in his native county, and in July 1683 was presented by the Salters' Company to the rectory of St Swithin in London. His death occurred in the beginning of the year 1695–6, as he was succeeded on 25 March 1696 in his rectory of St Swithin by John Clark, M.A.

Worshipful Company of Salters
The Worshipful Company of Salters is one of the Great Twelve City Livery Companies, ranking 9th in order of precedence.

An ancient merchant guild associated with the salt trade, the Salters' Company originated in London as the Guild of Corpus Christi.
Leslie Frosch
Leslie Frosch is an American curler.

At the national level, she is a four-time United States women's champion curler (1979, 1981, 1983, 1988). She competed for the United States at four World Women's Championships.

United States Women's Curling Championship
The United States Women's Curling Championship is the annual women's national curling championship for the United States. It is run by the United States Curling Association (USCA) and typically held in conjunction with the Men's Curling Championship. The champions are eligible to represent the United States at the World Women's Curling Championships if they also rank in the top 75 teams over the last two seasons in the World Curling Tour Order of Merit or have earned 40 points in the Order of Merit year-to-date rankings.
Robert H. Kittleman
Robert H. Kittleman (January 31, 1926 – September 11, 2004) was a state senator in Maryland's District 9, which covers parts of Carroll County and Howard County for the two years prior to his death.  Prior to that he was a Maryland state delegate for nearly 19 years in District 14B, which covered parts of Howard and Montgomery County.  In the House he served as minority leader for a number of years. He was the father of Maryland former state senator and former Howard County executive Allan H. Kittleman.

Carroll County, Maryland
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 172,891. Its county seat is Westminster. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Carroll County is included in the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area. While predominantly rural, southern areas of the county have become increasingly suburban in recent years.
Noosa Junction bus station
Noosa Junction bus station was opened in August 2011. It is serviced by Kinetic Sunshine Coast bus routes to Sunshine Plaza, Nambour station, Sunrise Beach, Sunshine Beach and Tewantin. It is in Zone 8 of the Translink integrated public transport system.

It is also served by long-distance services to services to Agnes Water, Brisbane, Cairns, and Hervey Bay provided by Greyhound Australia and Premier Motor Service.

Translink (Queensland)
Translink is the public transport agency in the state of Queensland, Australia, and a division of the Department of Transport and Main Roads. Translink was first established by the Queensland Government in June 2003 to coordinate train, bus, ferry and tram services. Translink works with Brisbane Airtrain, Transport for Brisbane, RiverCity Ferries, Queensland Rail and other operators to provide services. Translink operates an integrated ticketing system across Queensland to allow the use of one ticket on multiple services.

In July 2008, Translink devolved from being a division of the former Queensland Transport to the more autonomous Translink Transit Authority, before returning to management under the Department of Transport and Main Roads in November 2012. Between 2022 and 2025, Translink absorbed the qconnect network, becoming responsible for public transport services across the majority of Queensland.
2017 Ginetta GT4 Supercup
The 2017 Michelin Ginetta GT4 Supercup is a multi-event, one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Ginetta G55s that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece. It is the seventh Ginetta GT4 Supercup, having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup, which ran between 2008 and 2010. The season commenced on 2 April at Brands Hatch – on the circuit's Indy configuration – and concludes on 2 October at the same venue, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after twenty-two races held at eight meetings, all in support of the 2017 British Touring Car Championship season.

Brands Hatch
Brands Hatch is a motor racing circuit in West Kingsdown, Kent, England. Originally used as a grasstrack motorcycle circuit on farmland, it hosted 12 runnings of the British Grand Prix between 1964 and 1986 and currently hosts many British and International racing events. The venue is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.
Shar (file format)
In the Unix operating system, shar (from "shell archive") is an archive format created with the Unix shar utility. A shar file is a type of self-extracting archive, because it is a valid shell script, and executing it will recreate the files. To extract the files, only the standard Unix Bourne shell sh is usually required.

shar files are also sometimes called "sharchives" (from "/bin/sh archive").

Note that the shar command is not specified by the Single Unix Specification, so it is not formally a component of Unix, but a legacy utility.

Bourne shell
The Bourne shell (sh) is a shell command-line interpreter for computer operating systems. It first appeared on Version 7 Unix, as its default shell. Unix-like systems continue to have /bin/sh—which will be the Bourne shell, or a symbolic link or hard link to a compatible shell—even when other shells are used by most users.

The Bourne shell was once standard on all branded Unix systems, although historically BSD-based systems had many scripts written in csh. As the basis of POSIX sh syntax, Bourne shell scripts can typically be run with Bash or dash on Linux or other Unix-like systems; Bash itself is a free clone of Bourne.
Heins
Heins is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christopher Heins (died 1689), lieutenant and interim Governor-General of The Danish West Indies

Donald Heins (1878–1949), Canadian violinist, violist, conductor, organist, composer, and music educator

Henry Hardy Heins (1923–2003), American Lutheran minister, historian and bibliographer

Julie Heins (1822–1902), Danish writer

Marjorie Heins, activist and writer

Maurice Heins (1915–2015), American mathematician

Ryan Heins (born 1985), American soccer player

Shawn Heins (born 1973), ice hockey player

Thorsten Heins (born 1957), German telecommunications executive

Thorsten Heins
Thorsten Heins (born 29 December 1957) is a German-Canadian businessman and the former chief executive officer (CEO) of BlackBerry. He stepped down as CEO of BlackBerry and was replaced by John Chen on November 4, 2013. Heins later was the CEO of Powermat Technologies.
Banphikot Rural Municipality
Banphikot (Nepali: बाँफिकोट गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality located in Western Rukum District of Karnali Province of Nepal.
According to 2011 Census conducted by Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Banphikot Rural Municipality had total population of 18,696. Banphikot Rural Municipality was established in 2015 through the merging five the former Village development committees of Aathbiskot, Pipal, Duli (ward no. 4, 5 &6) and Magma (ward no. 1-6 & 9).  This Municipality shares boarder with Sisne Rural Municipality (East Rukum district) in the East, Sani Bheri Rural Municipality in the West, Aathbiskot Municipality in the North, and Musikot Municipality in the South.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
Steve Martin and Martin Short: An Evening You Will Forget for the Rest of Your Life
An Evening You Will Forget for the Rest of Your Life is a 2018 American stand-up comedy show written and performed by comedians Steve Martin and Martin Short and directed by Marcus Raboy. The special received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations and a Directors Guild of America Award nomination.

Directors Guild of America Awards
The Directors Guild of America Awards are issued annually by the Directors Guild of America. The first DGA Award was an "Honorary Life Member" award issued in 1938 to D. W. Griffith. The statues are made by New York firm, Society Awards.
Dil Ko Tumse Pyaar Hua
Dil Ko Tumse Pyaar Hua is an Indian Hindi-language drama television series that premiered on 15 July 2024 to 17 February 2025 on StarPlus. Produced under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films, it stars Aditi Tripathi as Deepika and Akshit Sukhija as Chirag. It is the third official Hindi remake of the Malayalam TV series Karuthamuthu.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Welkait question
The Welkait question involves a controversial territorial dispute surrounding the Ethiopian area Welkait, which is situated in the present-day Tigray Region. Welkait had been an independent area but was incorporated within Begmeder province. After the Derg regime collapsed in 1991, the area was given by the TPLF government to Tigray's Western Zone.

On 19 April 2018, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed convened the Tigray and Welkait Committee counterparts in Gondar. Abiy pleaded the matter would resolved peacefully.

Ethiopian National Defense Force
The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) (Amharic: የኢፌዴሪ መከላከያ ሰራዊት, romanized: Ye'īfēdērī mekelakeya šerawīt, lit. 'FDRE Defense Force') is the combined military force of Ethiopia. ENDF is consisted of 8 command forces which is controlled by Defense Commanders council chaired by Chief of General Staff.
Giovanni Nuvoli
Giovanni Nuvoli (Alghero, 15 December 1953 – Alghero, 23 July 2007) was an Italian football referee who suffered of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis since 2001. With the help of Associazione Luca Coscioni, he fought for his right to die but his attempted euthanasia was blocked by the authorities on 13 February 2007. He started a hunger strike on 16 July 2007 and subsequently died on 23 July. The case sparked controversy in Italy, also because of its similarity to that of Piergiorgio Welby.

Hunger strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance where participants fast as an act of political protest, usually with the objective of achieving a specific goal, such as a policy change. Hunger strikers that do not take fluids are named dry hunger strikers.

In cases where an entity (usually the state) has or is able to obtain custody of the hunger striker (such as a prisoner), the hunger strike is often terminated by the custodial entity through the use of force-feeding.
Scientific community metaphor
In computer science, the scientific community metaphor is a metaphor used to aid understanding scientific communities.  The first publications on the scientific community metaphor in 1981 and 1982 involved the development of a programming language named Ether that invoked procedural plans to process goals and assertions concurrently by dynamically creating new rules during program execution.  Ether also addressed issues of conflict and contradiction with multiple sources of knowledge and multiple viewpoints.

Susan Leigh Star
Susan Leigh Star (1954–2010) was an American sociologist. She specialized in the study of information in modern society; information worlds; information infrastructure; classification and standardization; sociology of science; sociology of work; and the history of science, medicine, technology, and  communication/information systems. She commonly used the qualitative methods methodology and feminist theory approach. She was also known for developing the concept of boundary objects and for contributions to computer-supported cooperative work.
Southeastern College
Southeastern College is a private institution of higher learning with campuses in Miami Lakes, Boynton Beach, Florida, Charlotte, North Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, North Charleston, South Carolina.

Southeastern College is institutionally accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC) and licensed by the Commission for Independent Education (CIE), Florida Department of Education.

North Charleston, South Carolina
North Charleston is a city in Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, North Charleston had a population of 114,852, making it the third-most populous city in the state, and the 248th-most populous city in the United States. North Charleston is a principal city within the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 849,417 in 2023.
LG K10
The LG K10 (also sold as the LG Premier on TracFone) is a mid-range Android smartphone developed by LG Electronics and released in 2016. It is considered one of the top 10 budget phones of 2016 by Consumer Electronics Show. A successor to the phone of the same name, with a fingerprint sensor and a built-in panic alarm for South Asian regions, was released the following year.

Several variants of the phone were released, with different processors, RAM capacity, cameras, dual SIM, NFC and 4G LTE support depending on the country. North American and certain Eurasian variants of the K10 (K420DS, K420N, K425, K428SG, L61AL, L62VL and MS428) run on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 410, while the K430DS, K430DSF, K430DSY and the Brazilian-market K430TV models use a MediaTek MT6753.

LG Electronics
LG Electronics Inc. (Korean: 엘지 전자; RR: Elji Jeonja) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG Corporation, the fourth largest chaebol in South Korea, and often considered as the pinnacle of LG Corp with the group's chemical and battery division LG Chem. It comprises four business units: home entertainment, mobility, home appliances & air solutions, and business solutions. LG Electronics acquired Zenith in 1995 and is the largest shareholder of LG Display, the world's largest display company by revenue in 2020. LG Electronics is also the world's second largest television manufacturer behind Samsung Electronics. The company has 128 operations worldwide, employing 83,000 people.
Cape Pole, Alaska
Cape Pole is a former census-designated place (CDP) and populated place on the eastern shore of Fishermans Harbor, on the southwest coast of Kosciusko Island in Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska. It was a thriving logging camp from 1954 until it was shut down by a federal court ruling in 1978. A post office was established in 1949 and discontinued in 1953. As of 2019, some buildings still remain at the townsite, but has not reported a separate population since 1980.

Kosciusko Island
Kosciusko Island is an island in the Alexander Archipelago of southeastern Alaska, United States. It lies near the northwest corner of Prince of Wales Island, just across the El Capitan Passage from the larger island.

The island is home to Mount Francis, Holbrook Mountain, and Tokeen Peak. Kosciusko Island has a land area of 171.585 square miles (444.40 km2), making it the 38th largest island in the United States.  It had a population of 52 persons as of the 2000 census, all in Edna Bay, its only populated town.

Kosciusko Island was named in 1879 by William H. Dall of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey for Tadeusz Kościuszko.

The location of the long deserted village named Shakan is on the northwest coast of Kosciusko Island, not on nearby Shakan Island.

Village of Shakan, northwest coast of Kosciusko Island, ca. 1912

Fish drying on outside wall of house, Shakan, Alaska, July 16, 1911

Cakes of seaweed being dried, July 1911

Seaweed drying on roof of a house in Shakan
2009–10 FA Women's Premier League Cup
The 2009–10 FA Women's Premier League Cup was the 19th edition of the FA Women's Premier League Cup, a cup tournament for teams at both levels of the FA Women's Premier League (level 1, the National Division, and level 2, the Northern and Southern Divisions). The 2010 cup final was won by Leeds United, who defeated Everton 3–1.

This was the last season of the Women's Premier League Cup as a top-level competition, before the formation of the FA Women's Super League in 2011 as the new top flight. Subsequently, three of the four semi-finalist teams in 2009–10 (Arsenal, Chelsea and runners-up Everton) moved to the Super League and did not compete in the next season's FA WPL. The WPL Cup in 2010–11 was contested by clubs at women's levels 2 and 3.

Everton F.C. Women
Everton Football Club (/ˈɛvərtən/) is an English women's association football team based in Liverpool, England, that competes in the FA Women's Super League, the top division of English women's football. Formed in 1983 as Hoylake W.F.C., it is now part of Everton and has played home games at Walton Hall Park in Walton since February 2020. As of 2025, they play at Goodison Park, the former home of the Men's Team. The team has won the Premier League National Division once, the Premier League Cup once, and the Women's FA Cup twice.
Philippine Senate elections
Elections to the Senate of the Philippines are done via plurality-at-large voting; a voter can vote for up to twelve candidates, with the twelve candidates with the highest number of votes being elected. The 24-member Senate uses staggered elections, with only one-half of its members up for election at any given time, except for special elections, which are always held concurrently with regularly scheduled elections.

Staggered elections
Staggered elections are elections where only some of the places in an elected body are up for election at the same time. For example, United States senators have a six-year term, but they are not all elected at the same time. Rather, elections are held every two years for one-third of Senate seats.

Staggered elections have the effect of limiting control of a representative body by the body being represented, but can also minimize the impact of cumulative voting. Many companies use staggered elections as a tool to prevent takeover attempts. Some legislative bodies (most commonly upper houses) use staggered elections, as do some public bodies, such as the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
New Eastern Outlook
New Eastern Outlook (NEO) is an internet journal published by the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. According to its website, this journal looks at world events "as they relate to the Orient." According to a 2020 report from the US State Department, NEO is "a pseudo-academic publication ... that promotes disinformation and propaganda focused primarily on the Middle East, Asia, and Africa." According to the United States Department of the Treasury, NEO is run by SVR, Russia's foreign intelligence agency. NEO is included in the EUvsDisinfo project, which tracks online disinformation.

Pseudo-scholarship
Pseudo-scholarship (from pseudo- and scholarship) is a term used to describe work (e.g., a publication or lecture) or a body of work that is presented as, but is not, the product of rigorous and objective study or research; the act of producing such work; or the pretended learning upon which it is based.

Examples of pseudo-scholarship include:
Madouri
Madouri (Greek: Μαδουρή) is a small uninhabited island in the Ionian Sea, near Lefkada, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit Ellomenos. Madouri lies 700 m from the east coast of the island Lefkada, opposite the town Nydri. The island is heavily forested. It is about 400 metres (1,312 feet) in diameter.

This privately owned island is in the possession of the Valaoritis family. It was the place where Aristotelis Valaoritis, a 19th-century poet, grew up. The last owner was the writer Nanos Valaoritis.  The villa was the principal location in Billy Wilder's 1978 film, Fedora.

Nanos Valaoritis
Ioannis (Nanos) Valaoritis  (Greek: Ιωάννης (Νάνος) Βαλαωρίτης; 5 July 1921 – 12 September 2019) was a Greek writer, widely published as a poet, novelist and playwright since 1939; his correspondence with George Seferis (Allilographia 1945-1968, Ypsilon, Athens 2004) was a bestseller. The quality, the international appeal, and the influence of his work led Valaoritis to be described as the most important poet of the Hellenic diaspora since Constantine Cavafy.
Hornsea Mere
Hornsea Mere is the largest freshwater lake in Yorkshire,
England, and lies to the west of Hornsea in the East Riding of Yorkshire. The mere was used as a base for the Royal Naval Air Service and then latterly, the Royal Air Force during the First World War.

Royal Naval Air Service
The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy, under the direction of the Admiralty's Air Department, and existed formally from 1 July 1914 to 1 April 1918, when it was merged with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force (RAF), the world's first independent air force.

It was replaced by the Fleet Air Arm, initially consisting of those RAF units that normally operated from ships, but emerging as a separate unit similar to the original RNAS by the time of the Second World War.