hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mihkel Hansen
Mihkel Hansen (29 December 1904 Lelle Parish (now Kehtna Parish), Kreis Pernau – 20 November 2004 Toronto) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the V Riigikogu, of the Estonian National Assembly and of the  I Riigivolikogu. From 1937 until 1940, he served as Governor of Valga County, until he was dismissed by the Vares Government, which had come about as a result of the Soviet occupation of Estonia in June 1940. From 1941 until 1943, during the German occupation of Estonia, he again served as Governor of Valga County, this time within the framework of the Estonian Self-Administration of Generalbezirk Estland. In 1944, he served as Governor of Võru County for a short period. As the Red Army was approaching, he went into exile.

Generalbezirk Estland
Generalbezirk Estland (German for "General District Estonia"; Estonian: Eesti kindralkomissariaat) was an administrative subdivision of the Reichskommissariat Ostland of Nazi Germany that covered Estonia from 1941 to 1944. It served as the Nazi civilian administration for the German occupation of Estonia during World War II, and supervised the collaborationist Estonian Self-Administration of Hjalmar Mäe.

Karl-Siegmund Litzmann was the only Generalkommissar of Generalbezirk Estland during its existence.
Warm inflation
In physical cosmology, warm inflation is one of two dynamical realizations of cosmological inflation.  The other is the standard scenario, sometimes called cold inflation.

In warm inflation radiation production occurs concurrently with inflationary expansion.  This is consistent with the conditions necessary for inflation as given by the Friedmann equations of general relativity, which simply require that the vacuum energy density dominates the energy content of the universe at time of inflation, and so does not prohibit some radiation to be present. As such the most general picture of inflation would include a radiation energy density component. The presence of radiation during inflation implies the inflationary phase could smoothly end into a radiation-dominated era without a distinctively separate reheating phase,  thus providing a solution to the graceful exit problem of inflation.

Friedmann equations
The Friedmann equations, also known as the Friedmann–Lemaître (FL) equations, are a set of equations in physical cosmology that govern cosmic expansion in homogeneous and isotropic models of the universe within the context of general relativity. They were first derived by Alexander Friedmann in 1922 from Einstein's field equations of gravitation for the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric and a perfect fluid with a given mass density ρ and pressure p. The equations for negative spatial curvature were given by Friedmann in 1924.
The physical models built on the Friedmann equations are called FRW or FLRW models and form the Standard Model of modern cosmology, although such a description is also associated with the further developed Lambda-CDM model. The FLRW model was developed independently by the named authors in the 1920s and 1930s.
Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Program
This is the list of winners of the Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Program, which honors live action series, animated series, and TV specials aimed at viewers from infancy to age 15 that average a runtime of less than or equal to eight minutes. The category was established at the 1st Children's and Family Emmy Awards in 2022, and was split into two awards honoring live action and animated programs at the 3rd Children's and Family Emmy Awards in 2024.

The inaugural winner of the award was We the People. The most recent recipients are Once Upon a Studio and Elmo and Jesse Remember Uncle Jack.

Once Upon a Studio
Once Upon a Studio is a 2023 American live-action animated fantasy comedy short film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios in celebration of the Walt Disney Company's centennial.

In the film, Disney characters come to life from pictures and animation frames hanging on the walls of the Roy E. Disney Animation Building following the end of a usual work day. Combining computer graphics and traditional animation on live-action backgrounds, the short features characters from the majority of the studio's works made up to that point. The film was dedicated to the memory of Burny Mattinson, the company's longest-serving employee, who made a cameo in the short and died eight months before its release.

Once Upon a Studio premiered at the Annecy International Animation Film Festival on June 11, 2023, and had its first public screening in the United States on ABC's The Wonderful World of Disney on October 15, along with the world television premiere of Encanto.
2016 New Zealand budget
The New Zealand budget for fiscal year 2016/17 was presented to the New Zealand House of Representatives by Finance Minister Bill English on 26 May 2016. It was the eighth budget English has presented as Minister of Finance, and the eighth budget of the Fifth National Government.

Minister of Finance (New Zealand)
The minister of Finance (Māori: Minita mo nga Moni) is the minister and the head of the New Zealand Treasury, responsible for producing an annual New Zealand Budget outlining the government's proposed expenditure. The position is often considered to be the most important cabinet post after that of the prime minister.

The current Minister of Finance is Nicola Willis. There are currently three associate minister roles held by Chris Bishop, David Seymour, and Shane Jones.
Independiente de Tandil
Club Independiente, more known as Independiente de Tandil, is an Argentine Football club, from the city of Tandil, in the Province of Buenos Aires. The team is currently playing in Zone F of the regionalised 4th level of Argentinian football Torneo Argentino B.

Torneo Argentino B
Torneo Argentino B was one of two leagues that form the fourth level of the Argentine football league system, made up of 100+ teams playing within eight regional zones across Argentina.

The other league at level four was – and still is – the Primera C Metropolitana, which is a competition for the numerous clubs in the city of Buenos Aires and the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area.

The Torneo Argentino B season would end with the top teams from each zone playing in cross-over playoffs, culminating with overall champions and a number of teams (varied by season) eligible for promotion to the following season's Torneo Argentino A competition.

The Torneo Argentino B was replaced with the similar Torneo Federal B for the 2014–15 season (itself reorganized as the nine zone Torneo Regional Federal Amateur for the 2018–19 season ), while the Primera C continued on as its tier four companion for the Buenos Aires area.
Cyfaill Deoniaeth Llanbadarn Fawr
Cyfaill Deoniaeth Llanbadarn Fawr was a 19th-century monthly Welsh language magazine, published in Carmarthen by W. Spurrell and Son printers for the established Church in the Deanery of Llanbadarn Fawr.

It contained mainly local news from the deanery's parishes, with 'Cyfaill Egwlysig' included as an insert. The magazine's editors included John Thomas Griffiths, Daniel Arthur Thomas, and Hywel Meredith Williams.

Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
Llanbadarn Fawr (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˌbadarn ˈvau̯r]) is a village and community in Ceredigion, Wales. It is on the outskirts of Aberystwyth next to Penparcau and Southgate. It forms the eastern part of the continually built-up area of Aberystwyth. It holds two electoral wards, Padarn and Sulien which elect a Ceredigion County Councillor each and several Llanbadarn Fawr Community Councillors. At the 2001 census its population as a community was recorded at 2,899, increasing to 3,380 at the 2011 census.
Charles John Barnett
Charles John Barnett (13 February 1790 – 4 August 1856) was an officer in the British Army who also served as a diplomat.

Barnett was born in London on 13 February 1790 to Benjamin and Alice Barnett. He was baptised 12 March.

He served in the 3rd Regiment of Foot. He reached the rank of captain in 1812 and lieutenant colonel in 1821. He took part in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and retired from the military in 1830.

He was appointed Consul in Warsaw, Poland on 31 May 1833. He was later appointed Consul-General in Egypt on 11 May 1841, which post he held till 17 August 1846, when he retired. He died on 4 August 1856 in Englefield Green, Surrey.

Englefield Green
Englefield Green is a large village in the Borough of Runnymede, Surrey, England, approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of central London. It is home to Runnymede Meadow, The Commonwealth Air Forces Memorial, The Savill Garden, and Royal Holloway, University of London.

The village grew from a hamlet in the 19th century, when much of Egham (1 mile (1.6 km) to the east) was sold by the Crown Estate.
Sparisjóðabanki
SPB (former Sparisjóðabanki Íslands [ˈspaːrɪˌsjouːðaˌpauŋcɪ ˈistlan(t)s], transl. Iceland Savings Bank) was a commercial bank in Reykjavík, Iceland, focusing on wholesale and investment banking services to savings banks, Icelandic and foreign financial institutions and other customers. It operated in the areas of trade finance and foreign exchange, payment services, treasury services and funding.

SPB shared offices with the Icelandic Savings Banks' Association and The Savings Banks' Guarantee Fund. There were about 90 employees in the Bank. It held a substantial stake in Teris, having been one of the original seven founders in 1989.

At the end of 2006 Icebank served as banking institution for most of Iceland's 23 savings banks. In 2009, the bank was liquidated by the District Court of Reykjavik.

Teris
Teris was an Icelandic software company that focused on servicing the financial sector. It was founded as Tölvumiðstöð Sparisjóðanna (Savings Banks Computer Centre), and changed its name on March 23, 2007, to reflect changes in clientele and ownership. In 2012, Teris merged with Reiknistofa Bankanna
Sušje, Črnomelj
Sušje (pronounced [ˈsuːʃjɛ]; also Draga or Deroh; German: Suchen, Gottscheerish: Därroch) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Rožič Vrh.

Gottscheerish
Gottscheerish (Göttscheabarisch, German: Gottscheerisch, Slovene: kočevarščina) is an Upper German dialect which was the main language of communication among the Gottscheers in the enclave of Gottschee, Slovenia, before 1941. It is occasionally referred to as Granish or Granisch in the United States (< German Krainisch 'Carniolan'), a term also used for Slovene.
Patterns of Force
"Patterns of Force" is the twenty-first episode of the second season of the American science-fiction television series Star Trek. Written by John Meredyth Lucas and directed by Vincent McEveety, it was first broadcast on NBC on February 16, 1968.

In the episode, the crew of the Enterprise tracks down a Federation observer on a planet dominated by a "Naziesque" regime.

This episode was banned on German television until 1995 due to the depiction of Nazi uniforms and presence of several different Nazi insignia.

Star Trek: The Original Series season 2
The second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek, premiered on NBC on September 15, 1967, and concluded on March 29, 1968. It consisted of twenty-six episodes. It features William Shatner as Captain James T. Kirk, Leonard Nimoy as Spock and DeForest Kelley as Leonard McCoy.
Wisconsin's 18th Assembly district
The 18th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly.  Located in southeast Wisconsin, the district is contained within central Milwaukee County, including parts of near-west Milwaukee and southeast Wauwatosa.  It contains the Milwaukee neighborhoods Washington Heights and Sherman Park and includes landmarks such as the Miller Brewing Company and Washington Park.  The district is represented by Democrat Margaret Arney, since January 2025.

The 18th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 6th Senate district, along with the 16th and 17th Assembly districts.

Miller Brewing Company

Sherman Park

Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
Wauwatosa (/ˌwɔːwəˈtoʊsə/ ⓘ WAW-wə-TOH-sə; colloquially Tosa) is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 48,387 at the 2020 census. Wauwatosa is a suburb located immediately west of Milwaukee and is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. It is named after the Potawatomi Chief Wauwataesie and the Potawatomi word for firefly.
Mouse-eared bat
The mouse-eared bats or myotises are a diverse and widespread genus (Myotis) of bats within the family Vespertilionidae. The noun "myotis" itself is a Neo-Latin construction, from the Greek "muós (meaning "mouse") and "oûs" (meaning ear), literally translating to "mouse-eared".

Integrated Taxonomic Information System
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is an American partnership of federal agencies designed to provide consistent and reliable information on the taxonomy of biological species. ITIS was originally formed in 1996 as an interagency group within the US federal government, involving several US federal agencies, and has now become an international body, with Canadian and Mexican government agencies participating. The database draws from a large community of taxonomic experts. Primary content staff are housed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and IT services are provided by a US Geological Survey facility in Denver. The primary focus of ITIS is North American species, but many biological groups exist worldwide and ITIS collaborates with other agencies to increase its global coverage.
Ludwig Byström
Ludwig Byström (born 20 July 1994) is a Swedish professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing for Fischtown Pinguins of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He was drafted 43rd overall by the Dallas Stars in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft.

Fischtown Pinguins
The Fischtown Pinguins, also known as REV Bremerhaven, are a professional ice hockey team based in Bremerhaven, Germany. From 2004 to 2016 the team played at the second tier of ice hockey in Germany, known as the 2nd Bundesliga until the 2012–13 season and, from the 2013–14 season onward, as the DEL2. On 1 July 2016 the team was granted a DEL licence for the 2016–17 season to replace the Hamburg Freezers which had withdrawn from the league.

The team plays in the Eisarena Bremerhaven.
Director of the Federal Security Service
The Director of Russia's Federal Security Service (Директор Федеральной Службы Безопасности) is the head and chief executive officer of the Federal Security Service, which is one of several Russian intelligence agencies. The Director of FSB reports directly to the president of Russia. The Director is assisted by the Deputy Director of the FSB.

The Director is a civilian or a general of the armed forces nominated by the president, with the concurring or nonconcurring recommendation from the Secretary of the Security Council of Russia and must be confirmed by a majority vote of the Federation Council.

Security Council of Russia
The Security Council of the Russian Federation (SCRF or Sovbez; Russian: Совбез, Совет безопасности Российской Федерации, СБРФ, romanized: Sovet bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii, SBRF) is a constitutional consultative body of the Russian president that supports the president's decision-making on national security affairs and matters of strategic interest. Composed of Russia's top state officials and heads of defence and security agencies and chaired by the president of Russia, the SCRF acts as a forum for coordinating and integrating national security policy.
2012 Blossom Cup – Singles
Lu Jingjing was the defending champion, but lost to the 3rd seeded Tetiana Luzhanska in the first round.

Japanese veteran Kimiko Date-Krumm won the title beating sixth seeded Tímea Babos 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Lu Jingjing
Lu Jingjing (Chinese: 鲁晶晶; pinyin: Lú Jīngjīng; Mandarin pronunciation: [lù tɕíŋ tɕíŋ]; born 5 May 1989) is a Chinese tennis player.
On 15 January 2018, she reached her best singles ranking of No. 159 by the WTA. On 21 September 2009, she peaked at No. 105 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Jingjing has won one doubles title on the WTA Tour, and one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour, with four singles and 14 doubles titles on the ITF Tour.
Parnell Rose Gardens
Dove-Myer Robinson Park, more commonly known as the Parnell Rose Garden, is a park in Parnell, Auckland, New Zealand. The park is named after Dove-Myer Robinson, the longest-serving mayor of Auckland, who served for 18 years. There are over 5,000 roses in the garden. Some of the plants in the garden have been bred by internationally celebrated rose breeders.

The 'white garden' is a popular venue for weddings. As of 2010, the park was home to the oldest mānuka and the largest pōhutukawa tree in Auckland. Parnell Festival of Roses, takes place each November, with stalls and entertainment during the day.

Wedding
A wedding is a ceremony in which two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnicities, races, religions, denominations, countries, social classes, and sexual orientations. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by a couple; a presentation of a gift (e.g., an offering, rings, a symbolic item, flowers, money, or a dress); and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or celebrant. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers, or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony, as well as superstitious customs.
Penwhirn Reservoir
Penwhirn Reservoir, is a reservoir in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, approximately 3.5 miles (6 km) east of Cairnryan.  The reservoir was built in the 1950s to provide water to the Stranraer area.   The reservoir has an associated treatment works located to the east of the dam providing drinking water for a population of around 27,000 people. The dam height was raised in 2015 at cost of £8m to increase the capacity of the reservoir by around 40%.

Stranraer
Stranraer (Scottish Gaelic: An t-Sròn Reamhar [ən̪ˠˌt̪ʰɾɔːn ˈɾãũ.əɾ]), also known as The Toon or The Cleyhole, is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, on Loch Ryan and the northern side of the isthmus joining the Rhins of Galloway to the mainland. Stranraer is Dumfries and Galloway's second-largest town, with a population of 10,593.

Stranraer is the administrative centre for the Wigtownshire area of Dumfries and Galloway. It was formerly a ferry port, connecting Scotland with Belfast and Larne in Northern Ireland; the service was transferred to nearby Cairnryan in 2011. It lies 87 miles (140 km) south-west of Glasgow, 52 miles (84 km) south-west of Ayr and 72 miles (116 km) west of Dumfries.

The town's English name comes from its Scottish Gaelic counterpart An t-Sròn Reamhar, meaning "the broad headland" or "the fat nose".
Lillian Colton
Lillian Colton (Sept. 8, 1911 – March 20, 2007) was a crop artist whose work, usually portraits of public figures made from agricultural products such as wild rice, hay, and timothy seeds glued to cardboard, has been prominently displayed at the Minnesota State Fair for many years. She was "considered the Andy Warhol of seeds" according to the Minneapolis Star Tribune.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
Nash Metropolitan
The Nash Metropolitan was an American automobile marketed from 1953 until 1962, manufactured in England. While designed and marketed in the USA by Nash and its successor companies, it was built entirely in BMC factories using many existing BMC parts.

It conforms to two classes of vehicle: economy car and subcompact car. The Metropolitan is considered a "subcompact", but this category was not yet in use when the car was made. At that time, it was categorized as a "small automobile" as well as an "economy car".

The Metropolitan was also marketed as a Hudson model when Nash and Hudson merged in 1954 to form the American Motors Corporation (AMC). The Nash and Hudson lines were phased out in favor of the Rambler line, and in 1957, the Metropolitan became a standalone brand and was badged with a stylized 'M' on hubcaps and grille. The cars were also sold in the United Kingdom and other markets.

Floyd Clymer
Floyd Clymer (26 October 1895 in Indianapolis – 22 January 1970 in Los Angeles), a pioneer in the sport of motorcycling, was a racer, a motorcycle dealer and distributor, a magazine publisher, a racing promoter, an author, and a motorcycle manufacturer. He was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1998 and into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America on March 17, 2020.
RNLB Abdy Beauclerk
RNLB Abdy Beauclerk (ON 751) was a 41ft 'Aldeburgh' Type Beach Motor which was stationed in the town of Aldeburgh in the English county of Suffolk. She was on the No: 1 station at Aldeburgh from 1931 until she was sold out of the RNLI fleet in 1959, a total of 28 years service.

Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station
Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station is located on Crag Path in Aldeburgh, a town on the East coast of Suffolk.

A lifeboat station was first established at Aldeburgh by the Royal National Institute for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) in 1851. The RNIPLS became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1854.

The station currently operates the B-class (Atlantic 85) Inshore lifeboat Ralph (B-949), on service from 2025, and the smaller D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat Susan Scott (D-808), on station since 2017. The station covers the coast between Harwich to the south, and Southwold to the North.