hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carrollton Covered Bridge
The Carrollton Covered Bridge, in Barbour County, West Virginia, U.S., is the second longest and third oldest surviving covered bridge in the state. The wooden bridge spans the Buckhannon River near Carrollton and was built in 1856 by Emmet J. O'Brien and Daniel O'Brien. It carried the Middle Fork Turnpike, an important connecting road between the Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike and a road to Clarksburg. The bridge carries West Virginia Route 36.

Clarksburg, West Virginia
Clarksburg is a city in Harrison County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 16,039 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in West Virginia. It is the principal city of the Clarksburg micropolitan area in North Central West Virginia, which had a population of 90,434 in 2020.
German submarine U-548
German submarine U-548 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down at the Deutsche Werft (yard) in Hamburg as yard number 369 on 4 September 1942, launched on 14 April 1943 and commissioned on 30 June with Kapitänleutnant Eberhard Zimmermann in command.

U-548 began her service career with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla from 30 June 1943. She was reassigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 April 1944, then the 33rd flotilla on 1 October.

She carried out four patrols and sank one ship.

She was sunk on 19 April 1945 by depth charges from American warships southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
Shock factor
Shock factor is a commonly used figure of merit for estimating the amount of shock experienced by a naval target from an underwater explosion as a function of  explosive charge weight, slant range, and depression angle (between vessel and charge).

Shock (mechanics)
In mechanics and physics, shock is a sudden acceleration caused, for example, by impact, drop, kick, earthquake, or explosion.  Shock is a transient physical excitation. A mechanical shock typically consists of a short-duration, high-magnitude acceleration event that can cause structural deformation or failure in components.

Shock describes matter subject to extreme rates of force with respect to time. Shock is a vector that has units of an acceleration (rate of change of velocity).  The unit g (or g) represents multiples of the standard acceleration of gravity and is conventionally used.

A shock pulse can be characterised by its peak acceleration, the duration, and the shape of the shock pulse (half sine, triangular, trapezoidal, etc.).  The shock response spectrum is a method for further evaluating a mechanical shock.
Monochamus thomsoni
Monochamus thomsoni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1855, originally under the genus Monohammus. It has a wide distribution throughout Africa. It contains the subspecies Monochamus thomsoni marshalli.

Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat
Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat (French pronunciation: [lwi alɛksɑ̃dʁ oɡyst ʃəvʁɔla]; 29 March 1799, Paris – 16 December 1884, Paris) was a French entomologist. He specialized mainly on the beetles and was a founder of the Societe entomologique de France in 1832.

Chevrolat worked as a toll administrator in government service in Paris. He was an amateur entomologist who studied mainly beetles and birds. He published nearly 250 notes and papers and was the author of more than 2,000 species. He was one of the founders of the Société entomologique de France in 1832. On his death, his collection was dispersed. Part of his collection is now in the Natural History Museum in London along with some manuscripts.
Phylogenesis (album)
Phylogenesis is the fifth album by American death metal band Abysmal Dawn. It was released on April 17, 2020 by Season of Mist. Being released six years after Obsolescence, Abysmal Dawn added new members while working on Phylogenesis.

Season of Mist
Season of Mist is an independent record label and record distributor with subsidiaries in France and the United States. The record label was founded in 1996 by Michael S. Berberian in Marseille, France. From the start releasing black metal, pagan metal, and death metal records, the label moved on to releasing albums of avant-garde metal, gothic metal and punk bands as well. The label has two offices, one in Marseille, France and one in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Season of Mist's name originates from The Sandman: Season of Mists, which in turn comes from the opening phrase of John Keats' "To Autumn".
Manette Street
Manette Street is a small street in the Soho area of London, linking the Charing Cross Road to Greek Street. Dating from the 1690s, and formerly named Rose Street, it is now named after the fictional character of Dr Manette in Charles Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities, who is described in the book as living on a quiet street corner "not far from Soho Square".

Buildings on the street include the Pillars of Hercules pub. The House of St Barnabas has a chapel and garden facing onto Manette Street, and an entrance to The Borderline nightclub is accessed from Manette Street. The street was home to the now-demolished Foyles Building and also Goldbeater's House, which had an arm-and-hammer sign outside it, a replica of the original described by Dickens in A Tale of Two Cities.

The street was associated with anarchism in the 19th century, in particular in association with the Rose Street Club, known for its popularity with radicals of all nationalities.

Charing Cross Road
Charing Cross Road is a street in Central London, running immediately north of St Martin-in-the-Fields to St Giles Circus (the intersection with Oxford Street), which then merges into Tottenham Court Road. It leads from the north in the direction of Charing Cross at the south side of Trafalgar Square. It connects via St Martin's Place and the motorised east side of the square.
Carnage (2011 film)
Carnage is a 2011 black comedy film directed by Roman Polanski, based on the Tony Award-winning 2006 play Le Dieu du carnage by French playwright Yasmina Reza. The screenplay is by Reza and Polanski. The film is an international co-production of France, Germany, Poland, and Spain. It stars Jodie Foster, Kate Winslet, Christoph Waltz, and John C. Reilly.
In this comedy of errors, two sets of parents try to resolve a situation in a civilised manner as their idiosyncrasies rise to the surface.

Carnage premiered at the 2011 Venice International Film Festival on 1 September 2011, where it competed for the Golden Lion. It was theatrically released on 18 November 2011. The film received positive reviews, with critics praising the performances of the cast and Polanski's direction.
At the 69th Golden Globe Awards, Foster and Winslet received nominations for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. It was Polanski's last film to be shot in English until The Palace in 2023.

69th Golden Globes
The 69th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television of 2011, were broadcast live from the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California on January 15, 2012, by NBC. The host was Ricky Gervais, for the third consecutive year. The musical theme for the year was composed by Yoshiki, leader of the Japanese band X Japan. The nominations were announced by Woody Harrelson, Sofía Vergara, Gerard Butler and Rashida Jones on December 15, 2011. Multiple winners for the night included the silent film The Artist which won three awards and The Descendants winning two awards. Freshman television series Homeland also won two awards.
Kootapuli
Kootapuli is a small coastal village in Radhapuram taluk, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India. Kootapuli is close to the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant.

Kootapuli is 21 km (13 mi) east of Nagercoil, 98 km (61 mi) east of Trivandrum, 8 km (5.0 mi) east of Kanyakumari, 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Valliyoor, 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Kudankulam, 4 km (2.5 mi) east of Anjugramam and 90 km (56 mi) southeast of Tirunelveli.

In 2013, some residents of Kootapuli were involved in protests against the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. In 2018, some residents were involved in the Thoothukudi violence, a series of protests that ended with police firing on civilians.

Valliyur
Vadakku valliyur or Valliyur is a Special Grade Town Panchayat in Radhapuram taluk in Tirunelveli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.Valliyur is one of the fastest-growing towns in Tirunelveli district. This town is located along  NH 7. It gets its name from the goddess Valli, consort of Murugan, the Hindu god of war. The place connects the big city of Tirunelveli to the city of Nagercoil and the town of Kanyakumari on NH 7.
Jimmy Sebring
James Dennison Sebring  (March 22, 1882 – December 22, 1909) was an American professional baseball player who played outfield from 1902 to 1909. He attended college at Bucknell University. He played in the 1903 World Series with the Pittsburgh Pirates and was the first player in World Series history to hit a home run. He died of Bright's disease in 1909.

In 363 games over 5 seasons, Sebring compiled a .261 batting average (368-for-1411) with 178 runs, 6 home runs and 168 RBIs. In the 1903 World Series, he batted .333 (10-for-30) with 3 runs, 1 home run and 4 RBI. The home run was the first one in World Series history.

Bucknell University
Bucknell University is a private liberal-arts college in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1846 as the University at Lewisburg, it now consists of the College of Arts and Sciences, the Freeman College of Management, and the College of Engineering. It offers 65 majors and 70 minors in the sciences and humanities. Located just south of Lewisburg, the 445-acre (1.80 km2) campus rises above the West Branch of the Susquehanna River.

Approximately 3,900 undergraduate students and 50 graduate students attend Bucknell. It is a member of the Patriot League in NCAA Division I athletics. Its athletic teams are the Bucknell Bison and its mascot is Bucky the Bison.
Shikarpur railway station
Shikarpur railway station (Urdu: شکارپور ریلوے اسٹیشن, Sindhi: شڪارپور ریلوي اسٽیشن) is a railway station located in Shikarpur city, Shikarpur district of Sindh province of the Pakistan. It was founded in 1901 in British India.

Shikarpur District
Shikarpur district (Sindhi: شڪارپور ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع شكارپور), is a district in Larkana Division of Sindh province in Pakistan.

The city of Shikarpur is the district headquarters. There are 4 talukas: Lakhi, Garhi Yasin, Khanpur Tehsil and Shikarpur Tehsil itself. It is spread over an area of 2,512 km2.
James Douglas (British Army officer)
General Sir James Dawes Douglas GCB (14 January 1785 – 6 March 1862) was a British Army officer, who had a long and illustrious military career, which included commanding Portuguese troops in the Peninsular War.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Domestica
Domestica (also styled as Cursive's Domestica) is the third studio album by the American indie rock band Cursive, released on June 20, 2000. This album was the 31st release by Saddle Creek Records, released on CD as well as both red and black vinyl.

Saddle Creek Records
Saddle Creek Records is an American record label based in Omaha, Nebraska and named after Saddle Creek Road, a major street in midtown Omaha. Started as a college class project on entrepreneurship, the label was founded in 1993 by Mike Mogis and Justin Oberst. Mogis soon turned over his role in the company to Robb Nansel. It was initially called Lumberjack Records; Saddle Creek first appeared in print on a show flyer, offering to "Spend an evening with Saddle Creek" (later to be the title of the label's DVD). Distribution is handled by Redeye Distribution. SCR continues to be the flagship label of a style of music called "The Omaha Sound", characterized by a slight country twang. A "sister label" of sorts to Saddle Creek is Team Love, which was begun by Justin Oberst's brother Conor Oberst in 2004.
J. J. McKelvey
J. J. McKelvey (born March 15, 1980) is an American former football wide receiver. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 2003. He played college football at Clemson.

McKelvey also played for the Philadelphia Soul, Utah Blaze, Arizona Rattlers and Chicago Rush.

On October 13, 2005, the Philadelphia Soul announced the signing of McKelvey.

Chicago Rush
The Chicago Rush were a professional arena football team based in Rosemont, Illinois. The team was founded in 2001 and played in the Arena Football League's Central Division. The Rush qualified for the playoffs in 11 of 12 AFL seasons, during which they won ArenaBowl XX in 2006 and captured five division titles. The Rush played home games at Allstate Arena from 2001 to 2012. The team struggled to find a permanent owner and later relocated to Rockford, Illinois in 2013 to play their final season. The AFL itself ceased operations in 2019. In 2023, Chicago-based music producer Ernest Clark acquired the Rush and announced plans to join a revived AFL in 2025. However, the AFL folded again in 2024.
Miloš Simonović (politician)
Miloš Simonović (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Симоновић; born 31 May 1973) is a politician and academic in Serbia. He was a member of the National Assembly of Serbia from 2007 to 2008 and served as mayor of Niš from 2008 to 2012. Simonović was a member of the Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS) for most of his political career, although he left the party in 2014. He is now an associate professor at the University of Niš.

G17 Plus
G17 Plus was a centre-right political party in Serbia. Founded as a non-governmental organization dealing with economic issues, in 2002 it transformed into a political party that became part of several ruling coalition governments in Serbia throughout the 2000s and early 2010s. In 2013, it merged into United Regions of Serbia.
Sulaymaniyah Governorate
Sulaymaniyah Governorate (Sorani Kurdish: پارێزگای سلێمانی; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Silêmaniyê; Arabic: محافظة السليمانية) or Sulaymaniyah Province is a governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Its capital and largest city is Sulaymaniyah. Halabja Governorate was formerly the Halabja District of Sulaymaniyah, until it became a separate governorate in 2014.

Kurmanji
Kurmanji (Kurdish: کورمانجی, romanized: Kurmancî, lit. 'Kurdish', pronunciationⓘ), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish.

Kurmanji is also the common and ceremonial language of Yazidis. Their sacred book Mishefa Reş and all prayers are written and spoken in Kurmanji.

Ethnologue reports that the use of Kurmanji is declining in Turkey even when the language is used as a language of wider communication (LWC) by immigrants to Turkey, and that the language is threatened because it is losing speakers.
Waseda Law School
Waseda Law School (Japanese: 早稲田大学大学院法務研究科 わせだだいがく だいがくいんほうむけんきゅうか）is the law school of Waseda University. It is among the top seven law schools that constituted the Leading Law School (Japanese: 先導的法科大学院, LL7) along with the law schools of University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, Hitotsubashi University, Keio University, Chuo University, and Kobe University.

Keio University
Keio University (Japanese: 慶應義塾大学, Hepburn: Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It was originally established as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.

Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11 and APRU, and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.
Baltimore Presstman Cardinals
The Baltimore Presstman Cardinals is an independent developmental baseball organization based in Baltimore City. The P.C. will once again field teams 10u, 12u, 14u, 16u, 18u, and collegiate level. The teams will compete local, regional, national and international. The Cardinals is owned and operated by the non-profit, The Presstman Cardinals Baseball Club, Inc. is funded through donations, sponsorship, and fundraising. pcard3307.wixsite.com/theforce

Sponsor (commercial)
Sponsoring something (or someone) is the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. The individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor, is known as the sponsor.
U.S. Route 45 in Illinois
U.S. Route 45 (US 45) in the state of Illinois is a major north–south U.S. Highway that runs from the Brookport Bridge over the Ohio River at Brookport north through rural sections of eastern Illinois and then through the suburbs of Chicago to the Wisconsin state line east of Antioch. This is a distance of 428.99 miles (690.39 km). US 45 is the longest numbered route in Illinois.

Antioch, Illinois
Antioch is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,622. The village is nestled into the Chain O'Lakes waterway system and borders the state of Wisconsin. Part of the Chicago metropolitan area, Antioch is located approximately halfway between the major cities of Chicago (60 miles south) and Milwaukee (50 miles north).
Dunvegan Formation
The Dunvegan Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Cenomanian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the settlement of Dunvegan, Alberta, and was first described in an outcrop on Peace River near Dunvegan by George Mercer Dawson in 1881.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
QSound Labs
QSound Labs is an audio technology company based in Calgary, Canada.  It is primarily a developer and provider of audio enhancement technologies for entertainment and communications devices and software. The company is best known as a pioneer of 3D audio effects, beginning with speaker-targeted positional 3D technology applied to arcade video games and professional music and film soundtrack production. QSound was founded by Larry Ryckman (CEO), Danny Lowe, and John Lees. Jimmy Iovine served as SVP of Music and Shelly Yakus as VP of Audio Engineering in its formative years.

3D audio effect
3D audio effects are a group of sound effects that manipulate the sound produced by stereo speakers, surround-sound speakers, speaker-arrays, or headphones. This frequently involves the virtual placement of sound sources anywhere in three-dimensional space, including behind, above or below the listener.

3-D audio (processing) is the spatial domain convolution of sound waves using head-related transfer functions. It is the phenomenon of transforming sound waves (using head-related transfer function or HRTF filters and cross talk cancellation techniques) to mimic natural sounds waves, which emanate from a point in a 3-D space. It allows trickery of the brain using the ears and auditory nerves, pretending to place different sounds in different 3-D locations upon hearing the sounds, even though the sounds may just be produced from only two speakers (dissimilar to surround sound).
George O'Brien (baseball)
George Joseph O'Brien (November 4, 1889 – March 24, 1966) was an American professional baseball player and college sports coach and administrator.  He played Major League Baseball as a catcher for the St. Louis Browns in 1915. O'Brien later coached and served as athletic director at Mount Union College—now known as the University of Mount Union—in Alliance, Ohio.

University of Mount Union
The University of Mount Union is a private liberal arts university in Alliance, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1846, the university was affiliated with the Methodist Church until 2019. It had an enrollment of 2,100 students as of 2023.
Crotty Schism
The Crotty Schism took place in the early 19th century, when Father Michael Crotty and his cousin, Father William Crotty, broke away from the Catholic Church to form their own church in Birr, County Offaly, Ireland.

The two fathers began preaching under a divergent doctrine after Michael Crotty was forced from the church where he had been a temporary curate. Michael was able to convince some parishioners who had followed him to construct a new church, which is now used as a store. The schism created was mostly exhausted by 1842. William Crotty eventually joined the Presbyterian Church.

The old church still stands in Castle Street. Known infamously as the site of a 20th-century beerhouse, the prestige of the church has decreased significantly over the years. While certain faithful still attend services occasionally held, most Catholics tend to avoid the historical site.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.