hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nancy Hayfield
Nancy Hayfield is an author, editor, and publisher. In 1979, she graduated summa cum laude from Princeton University. Nancy Hayfield's first novel Cleaning House was published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in 1980. In 1985, writing under her married name of Nancy Birnes, Hayfield published Cheaper and Better at Harper & Row (now HarperCollins) and was the host of a PBS show called Living Cheaper and Better. In 1990, she published Zap Crafts at Ten Speed Press, described in the Chicago Tribune as a "book of recreational fun"--"one of those oddities that is fun to thumb through." She was the editor of the McGraw-Hill Personal Computer Programming Encyclopedia in 1986 and 1989, the UFO Magazine UFO Encyclopedia in 2002. She was also the last editor-in-chief of UFO Magazine when that publication ceased publication. She is currently the editor-in-chief of Filament Books.

She is married to William J. Birnes. Together they ran a computer science business in the 1980s.

Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG) is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger Williams Straus Jr. and John C. Farrar. FSG is known for publishing literary books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards, and Nobel Prizes. Since 1993, the publisher has been a division of Macmillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.
Numan Satimov
Numan Yunusovich Satimov (Russian: Нуман Юнусович Сатимов) (15 December 1939 – 22 September 2006) was a Soviet and Uzbek mathematician, Doktor Nauk in Physical and Mathematical Sciences, academician of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan (2000), and corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of UzSSR from 1979 to 2006, and a laureate of the Biruni State Prize (1985). He was a specialist in the theory of differential equations, control theory and their applications.

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Canadian Screen Award for Best Supporting Actor
The Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television presents an annual award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role to the best performance by a supporting actor in a Canadian film. The award was first presented in 1970 by the Canadian Film Awards, and was presented annually until 1978 with the exception of 1974 due to the cancellation of the awards that year.

From 1980 until 2012, the award was presented as part of the Genie Awards ceremony; since 2013, it has been presented as part of the new Canadian Screen Awards.

In August 2022, the Academy announced that it will discontinue its past practice of presenting gendered awards for film and television actors and actresses; beginning with the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023, gender-neutral awards for Best Performance will be presented, with eight nominees per category instead of five. Supporting performances are now honoured with the Canadian Screen Award for Best Supporting Performance in a Film.

11th Canadian Screen Awards
The 11th Canadian Screen Awards, presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television, honoured achievements in Canadian film, television and digital media production in 2022. The ceremonies were held at Meridian Hall in Toronto from April 11–14, 2023, as part of Canadian Screen Week, returning to an in-person ceremony for the first time since being suspended in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Highlights of the ceremonies aired in a CBC Television special on April 16, 2023, hosted by Samantha Bee.

Nominees for all awards were announced on February 22, 2023. Brother led the film nominations, with 14 nods, while the CBC/BET+ drama The Porter led in television with 19 nods. Brother and The Porter would each win 12 awards, including the awards for best motion picture and dramatic series respectively.
Agni Natchathiram (soundtrack)
Agni Natchathiram is the soundtrack to the 1988 Tamil-language film of the same name directed by Mani Ratnam and produced by G. Venkateswaran, starring Prabhu, Karthik, Amala and Nirosha. The film featured Ratnam's norm collaborators—composer Ilaiyaraaja and lyricist Vaalee—whose soundtrack album featured six tracks. It was released through the Echo label as a double LP record, with three tracks on each side. The soundtrack consisted of electronic and synth-pop music, with most of the Carnatic melodies in the songs fused with modern instrumentation. For the Telugu dubbed version titled Gharsana, all the lyrics are written by Rajasri.

Nirosha
Nirosha is an Indian actress. She is known for her works predominantly in Tamil film industry. She has also starred in a  few Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and was popular in the 1990s. She has a elder sister Radhika Sarathkumar, who is also an actress and two brothers, Raju and Mohan. She also has two half-brothers Radha Ravi and M.R.R Vasu.
Llandyrnog
Llandyrnog is a large village and community in Denbighshire, Wales lying in the valley of the River Clwyd, about 3 miles (4.8 km) from Denbigh and 5 miles (8.0 km) from Ruthin. The village has good road links to Denbigh and the main A541 road at Bodfari, and is served by buses number 76 and 53.
The village contains the Church of St. Tyrnog's is a Grade II* listed building, and has a notable creamery on the outskirts and former hospital. The community includes the settlements of Waen, Ffordd-las and Llangwyfan.

Bodfari
Bodfari is a village and community in Denbighshire, Wales. Until the local government reorganisation of 1974, Bodfari was in the historic county of Flintshire.

The ancient parish of Bodfari comprised the townships of Bodfari and Aberwheeler which was historically in Denbighshire.
Stefaan Deprez
Stefaan Deprez (born 22 June 1972) is a Belgian professional darts player who plays in the World Darts Federation (WDF) events. His best achievement so far has been an advance to the BDO World Trophy quarter-finals and the Dutch Open semi-finals. He has represented Belgium twice during the WDF World Cup and WDF Europe Cup tournaments.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Barchas
Barchas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizabeth Prelogar (born 1980; née Elizabeth Margaret Barchas), American lawyer

Jack Barchas (born 1935), American psychiatrist

Patricia Barchas (1934–1993), American behavioral neuroscientist

Elizabeth Prelogar
Elizabeth Barchas Prelogar (born March 7, 1980; née Elizabeth Margaret Barchas) is an American lawyer who served as solicitor general of the United States from 2021 to 2025. Before that, she served as acting solicitor general from January 20, 2021, at the start of the Biden administration, until President Joe Biden sent her nomination to the U.S. Senate on August 11, 2021.
Shaoshi Wenjian Lu
The Wenjian Lu (聞見錄; "Records of Hearsay") is an 1132 Chinese biji book by Shao Bowen (邵伯溫) during the Song dynasty. The book is usually called Shaoshi Wenjian Lu (邵氏聞見錄; "Shao's Records of Hearsay") to distinguish from a contemporary book of the same title and genre (generally called Sichao Wenjian Lu). In the Qing dynasty, the book was included in the collection Siku Quanshu.

The book contains 20 chapters (scrolls) with a supplement by Shao Bowen's son Shao Bo (邵博). Included in the book are historical, political, and intellectual stories from the Song dynasty, especially from Wang Anshi's reforms during Emperor Shenzong of Song's reign. The last part of the book is dedicated to Shao Bowen's father Shao Yong.

Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi ([wǎŋ ánʂɨ̌]; Chinese: 王安石; December 8, 1021 – May 21, 1086), courtesy name Jiefu (Chinese: 介甫), was a Chinese economist, philosopher, poet, and politician during the Song dynasty. He served as chancellor and attempted major and controversial socioeconomic reforms known as the New Policies. These reforms constituted the core concepts of the Song-dynasty Reformists, in contrast to their rivals, the Conservatives, led by the Chancellor Sima Guang.

Wang Anshi's ideas are usually analyzed in terms of the influence the Rites of Zhou or Legalism had on him. His economic reforms included increased currency circulation, breaking up of private monopolies, and early forms of government regulation and social welfare. His military reforms expanded the use of local militias, and his government reforms expanded the education system and attempted to suppress nepotism in government. Although successful for a while, he eventually fell out of favor with the emperor.
Porzecze, Myślibórz County
Porzecze [pɔˈʐɛt͡ʂɛ] (German: Hälse) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Boleszkowice, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Boleszkowice, 38 km (24 mi) south-west of Myślibórz, and 82 km (51 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

Myślibórz County
Myślibórz County (Polish: powiat myśliborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (a voivodeship, or province that is found in northwestern Poland along the German border). It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Myślibórz, which lies 57 kilometres (35 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Barlinek, lying 24 km (15 mi) east of Myślibórz, and Dębno, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Myślibórz.

The county covers an area of 1,181.95 square kilometres (456.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,412, out of which the population of Barlinek is 14,156, that of Dębno is 13,903, that of Myślibórz is 11,867, and the rural population is 27,486.
Olivia Arthur
Olivia Arthur (born 1980) is a British documentary photographer, based in London. She is a member of the Magnum Photos agency and has produced the books Jeddah Diary (2012), Stranger (2015), and Murmurings of the Skin (2024).

International Center of Photography
The International Center of Photography (ICP) is a photography museum and school at 84 Ludlow Street on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. ICP's photographic collection, reading room, and archives are at Mana Contemporary in Jersey City, New Jersey. The organization was founded by Cornell Capa in 1974. It is located at 84 Ludlow Street, within the Lower East Side.

ICP is the host of the Infinity Awards, inaugurated in 1985 "to bring public attention to outstanding achievements in photography by honoring individuals with distinguished careers in the field and by identifying future luminaries."
Ottaviano Raggi
Ottaviano Raggi (1592-1643) was a 17th-century Catholic cardinal. Before his appointment as Cardinal he rose in the ranks of civil and juridical administration of the Papal States and after he was one of the proponent of the Republic of Genoa into the College of Cardinals.

College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals (Latin: Collegium Cardinalium), also called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. As of 19 February 2026, there are 244 cardinals, of whom 121 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Appointed by the pope, cardinals serve for life, but become ineligible to participate in a papal conclave if they turn 80 before a papal vacancy occurs.

Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900, nearly half of whom were created after 1655. This number excludes possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty.
Fresh Airs
Fresh Airs was a revue produced by Laurier Lister that opened in Brighton in 1955. It was the last in his series of "Airs" revues before Flanders & Swann started performing for themselves in At the Drop of a Hat.

Flanders and Swann
Flanders and Swann were a British comedy duo and musicians. Michael Flanders (1922–1975) was a lyricist, actor and singer. He collaborated with Donald Swann (1923–1994), a composer and pianist, in writing and performing comic songs. They first worked together in a school revue in 1939 and eventually wrote more than 100 comic songs together.

Flanders and Swann performed their songs, interspersed with comic monologues, in their long-running two-man revues At the Drop of a Hat (1956–1959) and At the Drop of Another Hat (1963–1967), which they toured in Britain and abroad. Both revues were recorded in concert (by George Martin). The duo also made several studio recordings.
9th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2017
9th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2017 (BIFFES 2017) was inaugurated by former Chief Minister of Karnataka, Siddaramaiah  on 2 February 2017 in Bengaluru. A total of 240 films from 60 countries including Oscar nominees of the year such as The Salesman by Iranian director Asghar Farhadi and A Man Called Ove by Swedish director Hannes Holm were screened from 2 February to 9  February 2017.

A Man Called Ove (film)
A Man Called Ove (Swedish: En man som heter Ove, pronounced [ɛn ˈmanː sɔm ˈhěːtɛr ˈǔːvɛ]) is a 2015 Swedish comedy-drama film written and directed by Hannes Holm and based on the 2012 novel of the same name by Fredrik Backman. It stars Rolf Lassgård in the title role.

The film was released theatrically in Sweden on 25 December 2015. It was nominated for six awards, winning two, at the 51st Guldbagge Awards in 2016.

At the 89th Academy Awards, it was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film and Best Makeup and Hairstyling.
Tubby protein
The tubby protein is encoded by the TUB gene.  It is an upstream cell signaling protein common to multicellular eukaryotes. The first tubby gene was identified in mice, and proteins that are homologous to tubby are known as "tubby-like proteins" (TULPs).  They share a common and characteristic tertiary structure that consists of a beta barrel packed around an alpha helix in the central pore. The gene derives its name from its role in metabolism; mice with a mutated tubby gene develop delayed-onset obesity, sensorineural hearing loss, and retinal degeneration.

Retinopathy
Retinopathy is any damage to the retina of the eyes, which may cause vision impairment. Retinopathy often refers to retinal vascular disease, or damage to the retina caused by abnormal blood flow. Age-related macular degeneration is technically included under the umbrella term retinopathy but is often discussed as a separate entity. Retinopathy, or retinal vascular disease, can be broadly categorized into proliferative and non-proliferative types. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension. Diabetes is the most common cause of retinopathy in the U.S. as of 2008. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people. It accounts for about 5% of blindness worldwide and is designated a priority eye disease by the World Health Organization.
Syrt
A syrt is a kind of an elevated landform in Russia and Central Asia.

The word means "highland", "ridge" or "backbone" in Turkic languages (sırt) and is present in Turkic toponymy in the mentioned areas: in Tien Shan, Pamirs, South Urals, such as Obshchiy Syrt by Urals, Uzun-Syrt ("Long back") plateau by Koktebel in Crimea.

It is a denudational upland or elevated flatland, a kind of dissected plateau. Syrts may be separated from each other by higher ridges. At the same time, syrts may serve as water divides between drainage basins for larger rivers.

The term should not be confused with the Latin term syrtis and the derived term "syrt" for sandy shores or quicksand.

Pamir Mountains
The Pamir Mountains are a range of mountains between Central Asia and South Asia. They are located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, the Karakoram, the Kunlun, the Hindu Kush, and the Himalayas. They are among the world's highest mountains.

Much of the range lies in the Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan. Spanning the border parts of four countries, to the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in Badakhshan Province, Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Pakistan. To the north, they join the Tian Shan mountains along the Alay Valley of Kyrgyzstan. To the east, they extend to the range that includes China's Kongur Tagh, in the "Eastern Pamirs", separated by the Yarkand valley from the Kunlun Mountains.

Since the Victorian era, they have been known as the "Roof of the World", presumably a translation from Persian.
1953 Italian general election in Veneto
The Italian general election of 1953 took place on 7 June 1953.

Christian Democracy (DC) lost some ground, but still gained a convincing 53.4% of the vote (62.2% in Vicenza, 59.9% in Treviso and 59.6% in Padua). The Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and the Italian Communist Party (PCI) ran separate lists, gaining 14.6 and 14.2% of the vote. Veneto was thus one of the few regions of Italy where the Socialists were stronger than the PCI, even without counting the PSDI (5.6%). The PSI got its best results in the provinces of Venice (21.6%), Rovigo (19.8%) and Verona (18.2%), but not in the traditional Socialist stronghold of Belluno, where it was passed by the PSDI (12.3 against 11.0%). The PCI was stronger in Rovigo (28.2%) and Venice (19.7%).

Province of Treviso
The province of Treviso (Italian: provincia di Treviso) is a province in the Veneto region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Treviso. The province is surrounded by Belluno in the north, Vicenza in the west, Padua in southwest, Venice in the south-east and Friuli-Venezia Giulia in the east. The current President of Treviso province is Stefano Marcon, elected in December 2021 for second term. He is also the current mayor of Castelfranco Veneto.
Buddhism in Turkey
Buddhism is practiced by a small community, the majority of whom are foreign nationals, and it does not have official recognition by the Turkish state. According to 2010 estimates by the Pew Research Center, approximately 40,000 Buddhists live in Turkey, representing less than 0.1% of the country’s population.

Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world. It also conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, random sample survey research, and panel based surveys,  media content analysis, and other empirical social science research.

The Pew Research Center states it does not take policy stances. It is a subsidiary of the Pew Charitable Trusts and a charter member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.
William Taylor (New South Wales politician)
William Taylor (1862 – 15 February 1922) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Bay of Biscay in Victoria to merchant James Taylor and Elizabeth Park. Educated at Ballarat, he left school at fourteen and entered the product merchandise trade. He married Elizabeth Laverick at Ballarat around 1884; they had two daughters. He moved to Sydney in 1884, where he opened a branch of the firm he worked for, John Gray and Sons. He was a Rockdale alderman from 1890 to 1922, serving as mayor from 1892 to 1894 and from 1904 to 1909. In 1908 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for St George, serving until his retirement in 1913. Taylor died in Sydney in 1922.

Electoral district of St George
St George was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, named after the St George district. It was originally created in 1894, when multi-member districts were abolished, and the four member Canterbury was largely divided between Ashfield, Burwood, Canterbury, Petersham and St George. In 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation, St George was expanded to a five-member district, absorbing the electoral districts of Canterbury and Hurstville. Proportional representation was abolished in 1927, and St George was divided into the single member electorates of St George, Canterbury, Hurstville, Oatley and Rockdale. St George was abolished in 1930, being partly replaced by Arncliffe.
Sumatra toad
The Sumatra toad (Duttaphrynus sumatranus) is a species of toad endemic to Sumatra, Indonesia, and only known from Lubuk Selasi. It has been found along a small, clear stream in secondary forest. It is locally common but listed as a critically endangered species due to a restricted range and continuing habitat loss (conversion of habitat into rice paddies, causing siltation of streams).

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Siege of Shiroishi
The siege of Shiroishi, in 1600, was one of several feudal Japanese battles leading up to the decisive battle of Sekigahara which ended the period of over 100 years of war, and was immediately followed by the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Shiroishi was a castle just south of the city of Sendai, controlled by a retainer of Uesugi Kagekatsu, who in turn was one of the chief supporters of Ishida Mitsunari.

Date Masamune and Mogami Yoshiaki, daimyō of large nearby domains, laid siege to this castle, beginning the conflict in the north between the representatives of Ishida and Tokugawa. Its capture would also mark the first contribution of Date Masamune to the Sekigahara campaign.

This would be followed by two counter-sieges on the part of Uesugi Kagekatsu and Naoe Kanetsugu against the castles of Hataya and Kaminoyama.

Naoe Kanetsugu
Naoe Kanetsugu (直江 兼続; 1559 – January 23, 1620) was a Japanese samurai of the 16th–17th centuries. The eldest son of Higuchi Kanetoyo, Kanetsugu was famed for his service to two generations of the Uesugi daimyōs. He was also known by his court title, Yamashiro no Kami (山城守) or his childhood name, Higuchi Kanetsugu (樋口 兼続).

Kanetsugu served first as a koshō (小姓) to Uesugi Kenshin. After Kenshin had died, he served as Karō to Kagekatsu, the adopted son of Kenshin. Kanetsugu's brother, Ōkuni Sanehiro, was also a famous Uesugi retainer.