hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Groves (artist)
Robert Groves (born 1935), sometimes known as Bob, was a British artist, and a co-founder of the Ikon Gallery in Birmingham, England, whose name he coined, inspired by his interest in icons

He is an Associate of the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists.

His 2007 exhibition and book, First Light, were inspired by the gardens at Packwood House.

His painting Abstract in Blue (1968) is in the permanent collection of the University of Birmingham.

Recalling the creation of the Ikon Gallery, Groves said:

There was a paucity of places for artists to exhibit in Birmingham. We thought there must be scope to do something in the second city. But we wanted to do something with a bit more spice and there was definitely a real need for something a bit more contemporary in Birmingham at the time.

Royal Birmingham Society of Artists
The Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) is an art society, based in the Jewellery Quarter in Birmingham, England, where it owns and operates an art gallery, the RBSA Gallery, on Brook Street, just off St Paul's Square. It is both a registered charity, and a registered company (no. 122616).
When Jones' Ale was New
"When Jones' Ale Was New" (Roud 139) is an English folk song about men of various trades drinking at an ale-house or tavern. Other titles include "Joan's Ale is New" and "When Johnson's Ale Was New". Originating in the 16th century CE it has been collected frequently from traditional singers in England, and has been found occasionally in Scotland and the USA. It has evolved over the years, and is popular as a chorus song in folk clubs in England.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Crescent Moon (The Avengers)
"Crescent Moon" is the fifth episode of the first series of the 1960s British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Ian Hendry, Patrick Macnee and Ingrid Hafner, and guest starring Patience Collier, Roger Delgado, Harold Kasket, and Bandana Das Gupta. It was performed and aired live on ABC on 4 February 1961, and is one of many Season 1 episodes that as of 2025 is considered lost.  The episode was directed by John Knight, and written by Geoffrey Bellman and John Whitney.

Spy-fi (subgenre)
Spy-fi is a subgenre of spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction, and is often associated with the Cold War. Features of spy-fi include the effects of technology on the espionage trade and the technological gadgets used by the characters, even though the technologies and gadgets portrayed are well beyond contemporary scientific reality.
Alfie MacLeod
Alfred Wallace MacLeod (March 10, 1956 – September 28, 2025) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Sydney River-Mira-Louisbourg in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. MacLeod was a member of the Progressive Conservatives.

Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election. He called a snap election in 2024, increasing his party's majority mandate. The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.
Cape Dovers
Cape Dovers (66°29′S 97°8′E﻿ / ﻿66.483°S 97.133°E﻿ / -66.483; 97.133) is a cape fronting on the Shackleton Ice Shelf, 5 nautical miles (9 km) south of Henderson Island. It was discovered by the Western Base party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–1914, under Mawson, and named for G. Dovers, cartographer with the expedition.

Shackleton Ice Shelf
Shackleton Ice Shelf is an extensive ice shelf fronting the coast of East Antarctica from 95° E to 105° E. It extends for an along-shore distance of about 384 kilometres (239 mi), projecting seaward about 145 kilometres (90 mi) in the western portion and 64 kilometres (40 mi) in the east. It occupies an area of 33,820 square kilometres (13,058 sq mi). It is part of Mawson Sea and separates the Queen Mary Coast to the west from the Knox Coast of Wilkes Land to the east.
World on Fire (For King & Country and Taylor Hill song)
"World on Fire" is a song by the Australian Christian pop duo For King & Country featuring multi-genre musician Taylor Hill. The song was released on Curb Records, and impacted Christian radio in the United Kingdom, United States, and Australia, as the lead single to the band's upcoming fifth studio album. It was first released to Christian radio in the United States on 2 October 2025, and to digital download and streaming formats on 3 October 2025.

The song was both written and produced by For King & Country members Joel and Luke Smallbone, in addition to Taylor Hill and Tedd Tjornhom. In Australia, "World on Fire" led the TCM Christian Songs chart; in the United Kingdom, it led the Cross Rhythms Christian Songs chart; in the United States it reached number 16 on the Billboard Hot Christian Songs chart. At the 2025 New Release Today (NRT) We Love Awards, the song received nominations in three categories, including Song of the Year, Pop Song of the Year, and Music Video of the Year.

Curb Records
Curb Records (also known as Asylum-Curb and formerly known as MCG Curb) is an American record label started by Mike Curb, originally as Sidewalk Records in 1963. From 1969 to 1973, Curb merged with MGM Records where Curb served as President of MGM and Verve Records.
Blackface in contemporary art
Blackface in contemporary art covers issues from stage make-up used to make non-black performers appear black (the traditional meaning of blackface), to non-black creators using black personas. Blackface is generally considered an anachronistically racist performance practice, despite or because of which it has been widely used in contemporary art. Contemporary art in this context is understood as art produced from the second half of the 20th century until today. In recent years some black artists and artists of color have engaged in blackface as a form of deconstruction and critique.

Critique
Critique is a method of disciplined, systematic study of a written or oral discourse. Although critique is frequently understood as fault finding and negative judgment, it can also involve merit recognition, and in the philosophical tradition it also means a methodical practice of doubt. The contemporary sense of critique has been largely influenced by the Enlightenment critique of prejudice and authority, which championed the emancipation and autonomy from religious and political authorities.

The term critique derives, via French, from the Greek word κριτική (kritikē), meaning "the faculty of judging", that is, discerning the value of persons or things. Critique is also known as major logic, as opposed to minor logic or dialectics.
Professional baseball in Japan
Professional baseball in Japan first started in the 1920s, but it was not until the Greater Japan Tokyo Baseball Club (大日本東京野球倶楽部, Dai-nippon Tōkyō Yakyū Kurabu) was established in 1934 that the modern professional game had continued success.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Furthur (bus)
Furthur is a 1939 International Harvester school bus purchased by author Ken Kesey in 1964 to carry his "Merry Band of Pranksters" cross-country, filming their counterculture adventures as they went. The bus featured prominently in Tom Wolfe's 1968 book The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test but, due to the chaos of the trip and editing difficulties, footage of the journey was not released as a film until the 2011 documentary Magic Trip.

San Juan Capistrano, California
San Juan Capistrano (san hwaan cap-ih-STRAH-noh; also known colloquially as San Juan or SJC) is a city in southern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 35,253 at the 2020 Census.

Named for Saint John of Capistrano, San Juan Capistrano was founded by the Spanish in 1776, when Father Junípero Serra established Mission San Juan Capistrano. Extensive damage caused by an earthquake in 1812 caused the community to decline. Following the Mexican secularization act of 1833, the mission village officially became a town and was briefly renamed as San Juan de Argüello. After the American conquest of California, San Juan remained a small, rural town until the 20th century; the restoration of the mission in the 1910s–20s transformed the town into a tourist destination and a backdrop for Hollywood films.
Grand Turk (Colorado)
Grand Turk is a 13,167-foot-elevation (4,013-meter) mountain summit in San Juan County, Colorado, United States. It is located three miles (4.8 km) southwest of the community of Silverton, on land managed by San Juan National Forest. Grand Turk is eight miles (13 km) west of the Continental Divide in the San Juan Mountains which are a subrange of the Rocky Mountains. Grand Turk is visible from viewpoints along Highway 550. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Animas River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises nearly 4,000 feet (1,200 meters) above the river in 1.75 mile (2.82 km). Neighbors include Bear Mountain, 2.25 miles (3.62 km) to the northwest, and line parent Sultan Mountain, 0.67 mile (1.08 km) to the north-northwest. The mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names, and has been recorded in publications since at least 1901.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Quaesitor
The quaesitor (Greek: κοιαισίτωρ, κυαισίτωρ) was a Late Roman/Byzantine police official of Constantinople, specifically a magistrate, responsible for controlling the flow of legal and illegal immigration into the capital city of Byzantium. The office of the quaesitor was first established in 539 through the Novella 80 of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565), designed to deal with the arrival of unemployed people to Constantinople living as criminals or beggars. One of his functions was to investigate people passing through Constantinople by determining their names, origins, and reasons for being in the city. Furthermore, the quaesitor had the authority to deal with unemployed persons by forcing the physically fit among the unemployed to work in a public industry such as a bakery (if an unemployed person refused to work, he would be expelled from Constantinople). The quaesitor was also granted judicial functions whereby his court dealt with certain types of crimes such as forgery.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Anthocephalum papefayei
Anthocephalum papefayei is a species of flatworms. It can be differentiated by its overall size, the number of proglottids and marginal loculi, the number and arrangement of its testes, the size of its apical sucker, the arrangement and distribution of vitelline follicles, and the "muscularity" of its genital pore.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
Soft hair (black holes)
In black hole physics, soft hair is a theorized method of information storage on the event horizon of a black hole and is a potential resolution to the black hole information paradox. Soft hair is made up of zero-energy photons and/or gravitons on the event horizon generated by diffeomorphisms such as supertranslations and superrotations.

Malcolm Perry (physicist)
Malcolm John Perry (born 13 November 1951) is a British theoretical physicist and emeritus professor of theoretical physics at University of Cambridge and professor of theoretical physics at Queen Mary University of London. His research mainly concerns quantum gravity, black holes, general relativity, and supergravity.
Yamaguchi 2nd district
Yamaguchi 2nd district (山口県第2区 Yamaguchi-ken dai-ni-ku) is a single-member electoral district for the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located in Eastern Yamaguchi and consists of the cities of Kudamatsu, Iwakuni, Hikari, Yanai, and Shūnan as well as the districts of Kuga, Kumage and Ōshima.

While Yamaguchi is generally a stronghold for the Liberal Democratic Party, the 2nd district has historically been regarded as a swing seat with closer margins of victory.

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
Hutchinson, Pennsylvania
Hutchinson is a village located in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States, and is part of Sewickley Township.  As of the 2000 census, Hutchinson had 99 single family homes, and a total population of 322.  Although only about the size of a small subdivision, Hutchinson has its own post office and zip code: 15640.  Hutchinson was built as a coal mining town in 1924, and is geographically located above the Hutchinson Mine.

The community was named for S. P. Hutchinson, president of Westmoreland Coal Company at the time the town was built. Because it was built much later than nearby "coal patch" towns, Hutchinson was distinguished by an unusually spacious layout, in which houses had larger yards than one would find in older coal mining communities.

Subdivision (land)
Subdivisions are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop, usually via a plat. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.  If it is used for housing it is typically known as a housing subdivision or housing development, although some developers tend to call these areas communities.

Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail shopping malls with independently owned out parcels to industrial parks.
Zurab Sakandelidze
Zurab Aleksandrovich Sakandelidze (Georgian: ზურაბ საკანდელიძე; Russian: Зураб Александрович Саканделидзе; 9 August 1945 – 25 January 2004) was a Georgian basketball player who won gold with the Soviet basketball team at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kutaisi, and played for Dinamo Tbilisi. He died in Tbilisi.

Basketball at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1972 Summer Olympics was the eighth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle in Munich, Germany from August 27 to September 9. The Soviet Union controversially won the gold medal game against the United States. This was the first time that the United States did not win a gold medal since the sport's introduction into the Olympics at the 1936 Berlin Summer Games. The bronze was won by Cuba, the only Olympic medal they have won in basketball. Another controversy was suspension of Mickey Coll after a positive drug test.
SS Runa
Runa was a 1,942 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1944 as Eichberg by Van der Giessen, Krimpen aan den IJssel, Netherlands for German owners. She was seized by the Allies in April 1945, passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Consent. In 1949, Empire Consent was sold into merchant service and renamed Runa. In 1964, she was sold to Greek owners and renamed Karyatis, serving until 1968 when she was scrapped.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
1979 in Japanese music
Japanese music accounted for sixty percent of record sales in the Japanese music market in 1979 (Shōwa 54), the rest being sales of foreign music. During that year, Japan continued to have the second largest music market in the world.

Music of Japan
In Japan, music includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern. The word for "music" in Japanese is 音楽 (ongaku), combining the kanji 音 on (sound) with the kanji 楽 gaku (music, comfort). Japan is the world's largest market for music on physical media and the second-largest overall music market, with a retail value of US$2.7 billion in 2017.
Papua New Guinea Accident Investigation Commission
The Papua New Guinea Accident Investigation Commission (PNGAIC) is an agency of the Government of Papua New Guinea (GoPNG) investigating aviation accidents and serious incidents. The office is located in Level 1, NAQIA Building, Morea-Tobo Road, 6 Mile, National Capital District.

National Capital District (Papua New Guinea)
The National Capital District of Papua New Guinea is the incorporated area around Port Moresby, which is the capital of Papua New Guinea.  Although it is surrounded by Central Province, where Port Moresby is also the capital, it is technically not a part of that province. It covers an area of 240 km2 (93 sq mi) and has a population of 756,754 (2024 census). It is represented by three open MPs and an NCD-wide representative in the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea who acts as Governor of the National Capital District; however, these MPs do not have the same powers as elsewhere in the country due to the role of the National Capital District Commission.
Daniel Pearl Foundation
The Daniel Pearl Foundation is a foundation based in the United States.  The foundation was formed by his parents Ruth and Judea Pearl after musician and Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and murdered by terrorists in Karachi, Pakistan in 2002. The foundation was founded in the same year. The organization's mission is to promote cross-cultural understanding through journalism, music, and innovative communications. The foundation has also made charitable donations to the Daniel Pearl Magnet High School.

The honorary board of the Daniel Pearl Foundation includes Christiane Amanpour; former President Bill Clinton; Abdul Sattar Edhi; Danny Gill; John L. Hennessy; Ted Koppel; Queen Noor of Jordan; Sari Nusseibeh; Mariane Pearl; Itzhak Perlman; Harold M. Schulweis; Craig Sherman; Paul Steiger; and Elie Wiesel.

Queen Noor of Jordan
Noor Al Hussein (Arabic: نور الحسين; born Lisa Najeeb Halaby; August 23, 1951) is an American-born Jordanian philanthropist and activist who was the fourth wife and widow of King Hussein of Jordan. She was Queen of Jordan from their marriage on June 15, 1978, until Hussein's death on February 7, 1999.

Noor is the longest-standing member of the Board of Commissioners of the International Commission on Missing Persons. As of 2023, she is president of the United World Colleges movement and an advocate of the anti-nuclear weapons proliferation campaign Global Zero. In 2015, Queen Noor received Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson Award for her public service.