hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Horizon scanning
Horizon scanning (HS) or horizon scan is a method from futures studies, sometimes regarded as a part of foresight. It is the early detection and assessment of emerging technologies or threats for mainly policy makers in a domain of choice. Such domains include agriculture, environmental studies, health care, biosecurity, and food safety.

Some sources mention HS as an alternative name for environmental scanning (ES), or view HS as a subset of ES, or at least suggest ES to have a similar goal to HS. In summary, ES has key differences to HS. ES is rather concerned to provide industry specific information for short-term decision making in a competitive environment.

Biosecurity
Biosecurity refers to measures aimed at preventing the introduction or spread of harmful organisms (e.g. viruses, bacteria, plants, animals etc.) intentionally or unintentionally outside their native range or within new environments. In agriculture, these measures are aimed at protecting food crops and livestock from pests, invasive species, and other organisms not conducive to the welfare of the human population. The term includes biological threats to people, including those from pandemic diseases and bioterrorism. The definition has sometimes been broadened to embrace other concepts, and it is used for different purposes in different contexts.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a recent example of a threat for which biosecurity measures have been needed in all countries of the world.
Rod Ferrell
Roderick Justin "Rod" Ferrell (born March 28, 1980) is an American murderer and cult leader. He was a member of a loose-knit gang of teenagers from Murray, Kentucky, known as the "Vampire Clan". Ferrell claimed to be a 500-year-old vampire named Vesago, a character he created for himself after becoming obsessed with the role playing game Vampire: The Masquerade. It was his mother, Sondra Gibson, who first introduced this game to Rod. In 1998, Ferrell pleaded guilty to the double slaying of a couple from Eustis, Florida, becoming the youngest person on death row in Florida at that time. Originally sentenced to death, Ferrell's penalty has since been reduced to life imprisonment. In 2023, he married Stephanie Ferrell.

Eustis, Florida
Eustis is a city in Lake County, Florida, United States. It lies about 35 miles northwest of Orlando, Florida and is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population in the city proper was 23,189 at the 2020 census.

Eustis is often referred to by its motto "America's Hometown" and is known for its small-town charm. The City of Eustis holds a festival every year which begins on the last Friday of February and runs through Sunday and has been held since 1902. This annual festival, referred to as GeorgeFest, is recognized as the longest consecutive running event held in honor of George Washington, first President of the United States.
Baba Haneef Ud Din Reshi
Baba Haneef Ud Din Reshi (کٲشُر:با با حنیٖفُ الدیٖن ریٖشی) popularly known as "Babii Seab", was a Sufi of Rishi order, who lived in the area of the Kohi Darwa usually known as Daresh or Darej in Rathsun-Manchama, Budgam Jammu and Kashmir (Earlier known as Pargana Manchama) His shrine is located at the Top of Kohi Darwa or Darej . He was the disciple of Zain Ud Din Wali of Aishmuquam (who was the disciple of Sheikh Noor ud Din Noorani). Zain Ud Din Wali ordered him to go on the hillock of Rathsun-Manchama village, where he gets busy in the Religious practices to gain Spirituality.

Budgam
Budgam (Urdu pronunciation: [bəɖɡɑːm]), known as Badgom (Kashmiri pronunciation: [baɖɡoːm]; lit. 'big village') in Kashmiri, is a town in Budgam district in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. In the 2001 census, it was recorded as having a notified area committee, but by the 2011 census it had a municipal committee.
Church of the Holy Spirit, Warsaw
The Church of the Holy Spirit (Polish: Kościół Św. Ducha) is a church at 3 Długa Street, in Warsaw's New Town.

The church was originally built in the Gothic style alongside a hospital in the 14th century. It was probably the first hospital of this type in the Mazovian region and was located just outside the walls of the Warsaw Old Town.

It was founded by Janusz the Elder, Duke of Warsaw, and handed over to the city in 1388.

Old Town, Warsaw
Warsaw Old Town, also known as Old Town, and historically known as Old Warsaw, is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Śródmieście. It is the oldest portion of the city, and contains numerous historic buildings, mostly from 17th and 18th centuries, such as the Royal Castle, city walls, St. John's Cathedral, and the Barbican, the Old Town Market Square and the Warsaw Mermaid Statue. The settlement itself dates back to between the 13th and 14th centuries, and was granted town privileges c. 1300.

During World War II, the Old Town was nearly totally destroyed, and subsequently reconstructed. The project was the world's first attempt to resurrect an entire historic city core and was included on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1980. The reconstruction efforts were again recognized in 2011 when all its documents and records were added by UNESCO to its Memory of the World international register.
Out West (album)
Out West (Live at the Fillmore) is a live double album released by Gomez in June 2005 and the first album the band released for ATO Records.  It features material mostly from their first two albums, Bring It On and Liquid Skin, with a few tracks each from In Our Gun and Split the Difference, and one from the Machismo E.P.. There are also a few cover songs, such as "Going Out West" by Tom Waits and "Black Eyed Dog" by Nick Drake (which is combined with "Free to Run" in an extended song).

The front album cover is a psychedelic manipulation of a photograph of a traditional Mexican band, possibly inspired by the Fillmore's tradition of using psychedelic posters to promote events. The back album cover shows a photo of the actual band Gomez using similar coloration to the front.

The Fillmore
The Fillmore is a historic music venue in San Francisco, California.

Built in 1912 and originally named the Majestic Hall, it became the Fillmore Auditorium in 1954. It is in Western Addition, on the edge of the Fillmore District and Upper Fillmore neighborhood.

Since 2007, it has been operated by Live Nation, which has since named new clubs and renamed existing ones after the Fillmore.
Neti
Neti can refer to:

Neti (mythology), an underworld god in Mesopotamian mythology

Neti (Hatha Yoga) a Hatha Yoga technique for cleansing air passageways in the head
Neti pot, or Jala neti, a device used for nasal irrigation

Neti neti, a chant or mantra in Hinduism, and in particular Jnana Yoga and Advaita Vedanta

Neti, an alien race in Star Wars

NETI, a native name of Novosibirsk State Technical University

Neti (Hatha Yoga)
Neti (Sanskrit:  नेती netī) is an important part of Shatkarma (sometimes known as Shatkriya), the Hindu yogic system of body cleansing techniques. It can have universal application, irrespective of their religion. It is intended mainly to clean the air passageways in the head. Both the Hatha Yoga Pradipika and other sources usually attribute to Neti many beneficial effects that range from profound physiological ones on the body, mind and personality to even clairvoyance. The two main variants are jala neti (जलनेति) using water and the more advanced sutra neti (सूत्रनेति) using string.
Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro
The Federal Center for Technological Education "Celso Suckow da Fonseca", also known as Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca or Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio de Janeiro, CEFET/RJ), is one of the most traditional Brazilian federal educational institution subordinated to the Brazilian Ministry of Education. It offers undergraduate and post-graduate level courses in addition to its sought-after technical high school courses. The school's education is focused in the engineering fields of mechanics, information technology, electronics, telecommunication, metallurgy, petrochemical and electrical. Its multicampus headquarters is in Maracanã with an additional campus in the Rio de Janeiro suburb of Maria da Graça, and several other campuses in different cities of the state of Rio de Janeiro, such as Petrópolis, Nova Friburgo and Nova Iguaçu.

Valença, Rio de Janeiro
Valença (Portuguese pronunciation: [vaˈlẽsɐ]) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population was estimated at 76,869 in 2020 and its area is 1,305 square kilometres (504 sq mi).  The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Valença.

Valença has five districts: Conservatória ("City of Serenades"), Barão de Juparanã ("City of the Barons), Parapeúna, Santa Isabel do Rio Preto and Pentagna.
Today its economy is geared especially for agriculture and the existing university center in the municipal headquarters.

The municipality contains part of the 5,952-hectare (14,710-acre) Serra da Concórdia State Park, created in 2002.
Tony Sacca
Anthony John Sacca (born April 17, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for the Phoenix Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions from 1988 to 1991 and was selected 46th overall in the second round of the 1992 NFL draft. He also played two seasons for the Barcelona Dragons in Spain.

Sacca grew up in Delran Township, New Jersey, and played high school football at Delran High School.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
Kevin Collins (ice hockey)
Kevin Collins (born December 15, 1950, in Springfield, Massachusetts) is a retired National Hockey League linesman. His career started in 1971 and ended in 2005.  During his career (in which he never wore a helmet due to a grandfather clause), he officiated 2,438 regular season games, 296 playoff games, twelve Stanley Cup Finals (including Game 7 in 1994 and 2001) and two All-Star games. He also worked the 1996 World Cup of Hockey, four Canada Cups and the 1998 Nagano Olympics. From the 1994-95 season until his retirement, he wore uniform number 50.

Grandfather clause
A grandfather clause, also known as grandfather policy, grandfathering, or being grandfathered in, is a provision in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases. Those exempt from the new rule are said to have grandfather rights or acquired rights, or to have been grandfathered in. Frequently, the exemption is limited, as it may extend for a set time, or it may be lost under certain circumstances; for example, a grandfathered power plant might be exempt from new, more restrictive pollution laws, but the exception may be revoked and the new rules would apply if the plant were expanded. Often, such a provision is used as a compromise or out of practicality, to allow new rules to be enacted without upsetting a well-established logistical or political situation. This extends the idea of a rule not being retroactively applied.

A gender-neutral version of the term would be a legacy clause or legacied.
John Wood (died 1458)
John Wood (died 1458) was an English politician.

Wood was evidently a close relative of John Atte Wode MP, perhaps his son (perhaps illegitimate). Upon Atte Wode's death in 1391, his properties were inherited by Sir John Beauchamp MP, but after Beauchamp's death in 1420, they were conveyed to Wood.

Wood was elected MP for Worcester in May 1413, knight of the shire for Worcestershire in November 1414, Worcester again in 1415 and March 1416, and Worcestershire again in May 1421, 1423, 1429, 1433 and 1435.

He also served as Alnager for Worcestershire from Michaelmas 1405 to 1432, Bailiff for Worcester 1416–17, Escheator for Worcestershire 1416–17, 1424–26 and 1431–32, a JP in Worcestershire 1417–1458, and Deputy Sheriff of Worcestershire 1425–1426.

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
Philip H. Gordon
Philip H. Gordon (born 1962) is an American diplomat and international relations scholar. From March 21, 2022 to January 20, 2025 he served as Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor to the Vice President of the United States, Kamala Harris. Earlier in his career, he was Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs (2009–2011) and Special Assistant to the President and White House Coordinator for the Middle East, North Africa, and the Persian Gulf Region (2013–2015) during the Obama administration.

Office of the Vice President of the United States
The Office of the Vice President includes personnel who directly support or advise the vice president of the United States. The office is headed by the chief of staff to the vice president of the United States, currently. The office also provides staffing and support to the second lady of the United States. It is primarily housed in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building (containing the vice president's ceremonial office), with offices for the vice president also in the West Wing, the United States Capitol, and in the vice president's official residence.
CBC News: The Scene
CBC News: The Scene is a Canadian entertainment news program on CBC Television and CBC Newsworld. It airs a two-minute weekday wrap on CBC News Network and local CBC newscasts, with a half-hour Weekend Scene edition airs on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays on CBC News Network.

The show is hosted by journalist Jelena Adzic.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
IL Tyrving
Idrettslaget Tyrving is a Norwegian sports club from Bærum, founded in 1922. It has sections for athletics and orienteering. It is named after Tyrfing in Norse mythology.

IL Tyrving uses the stadium Nadderud stadion, and hosts the annual Tyrvinglekene, the largest athletics meet in Norway. The club has hosted one international event, the European Cup B Final in 2000.

Among its most prominent members are Berit Berthelsen, winner of two European Indoor Championships and national record holder in the long jump, and Christina Vukicevic, silver medalist in 100 m hurdles at the 2006 World Junior Championships in Athletics. Romanian Olympic high jumper Adrian Proteasa has also represented Tyrving, although well past his active career.

Bærum
Bærum (Norwegian: [ˈbæ̂ːrʉm] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a population of 128,760 (2021). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Sandvika. Bærum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. Bærum, particularly its eastern neighbourhoods bordering West End Oslo, is one of Norway's priciest and most fashionable residential areas. The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens.
Kiprop
Kiprop is a name used by the Kalenjin people. People with this name include:

Asbel Kiprop (born 1989), Kenyan middle distance runner

Boniface Kiprop Toroitich (born 1985), Ugandan long-distance runner

Fred Kiprop (born 1975), Kenyan long-distance runner

Robert Kiprop (born 1997), Kenyan long-distance runner

Wilson Kiprop (born 1987), Kenyan long-distance runner

Asbel Kiprop
Asbel Kipruto Kiprop (born 30 June 1989) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner, who specialises in the 1500 metres. He was awarded the 1500 m gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics after the original winner, Rashid Ramzi, tested positive for doping. Kiprop has won three World Championship titles in the event, in 2011, 2013 and 2015. Kiprop failed his own doping test in November 2017 and received a four-year doping ban.

He won his first major title at the 2007 All-Africa Games, taking the 1500 m gold medal, and also won the event at the 2010 African Championships in Athletics, improving upon a bronze medal performance from 2008. His personal best for the distance is 3:26.69.
Ja A. Jahannes
Ja Arthur Jahannes (August 25, 1942 – July 5, 2015) was a professor at Savannah State University in Savannah, Georgia and the pastor of the Abyssinia Missionary Baptist Church in Savannah. He was a prolific playwright, music composer, essayist, and poet, a frequent theatre director and international lecturer, and a pioneer of Black psychology.

Jahannes was raised in Baltimore. He earned a bachelor's degree from Lincoln University, a historically black university in Pennsylvania, in 1964. He then earned two master's degrees from Hampton University in Virginia in 1966 and a doctorate in 1972 from the University of Delaware. He joined the Savannah State faculty in 1981 as dean of the School of Humanities there.

His wife, artist Clara Agüero Ortiz, also an educator, worked as a professor of Fine Arts at Savannah State.

Savannah State University
Savannah State University (SSU) is a public historically black university in Savannah, Georgia, United States. It is the oldest historically black public university in the state. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Savannah State operates four colleges: College of Business Administration, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, College of Sciences and Technology and the Savannah State University College of Education.
Tomeju Uruma
Tomeju Uruma (潤間留十, Uruma Tomeju; 9 December 1902 – 26 January 1999) was a Japanese speed skater who competed in the 1932 Winter Olympics. He was eliminated in the heats of the 500 m, 1500 m, 5000 m, and 10000 m events.

Speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres
The 500 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Thursday, February 4, 1932. Sixteen speed skaters from four nations competed.

Like all other speed skating events at this Olympics the competition was held for the only time in pack-style format, having all competitors skate at the same time.
Putney, Kentucky
Putney is an unincorporated community and coal town in  Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. It is one of the trail heads for the Black Mountain Off-Road Adventure area. It's also the home to the Harlan Co. Campgrounds & Cabins, which offers several luxury cabins to rent, including a full-size replica of the Bate's Motel House.

Coal town
A coal town, also known as a coal camp or patch, is a type of company town or mining community established by the employer, a mining company, which imports workers to the site to work the mineral find. The company develops it and provides residences for a population of miners and related workers to reside near the coal mine. The 'town founding' process is not limited to mining, but this type of development typically takes place where mineral wealth is located in a remote or undeveloped area. The company opens the site for exploitation by first, constructing transportation infrastructure to serve it, and later to establish residences for workers. Mineral resources were sometimes found as the result of logging operations that established clear-cut area. Geologists and cartographers could then chart and plot the lands for exploitation.
The Topeka School
The Topeka School is a 2019 novel by the American novelist and poet Ben Lerner about a high school debate champion from Topeka, Kansas in the 1990s. The book is considered both a bildungsroman and a work of autofiction, as the narrative incorporates many details from Lerner's own life. The novel was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.

2020 Pulitzer Prize
The 2020 Pulitzer Prizes were awarded by the Pulitzer Prize Board for work during the 2019 calendar year. Prize winners and nominated finalists were initially scheduled to be announced by Pulitzer administrator Dana Canedy on April 20, 2020, but were delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and instead announced by Canedy in a video presentation on May 4, 2020.
Carlos Delgado Chalbaud
Carlos Román Delgado Chalbaud (20 January 1909 – 13 November 1950) was a Venezuelan military officer who served as president of Venezuela from 1948 to 1950 as leader of a military junta. In 1945, he was one of the high-ranking officers who brought to power the Democratic Action party through a coup d'état. In 1948, as a Minister of Defense, he led another military coup and ruled as President until his assassination in Caracas.

Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship where supreme power is held and exercised by the armed forces. Military dictatorships are usually led by the commander-in-chief of the military or the leading figure in military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary.

Modern military dictatorship developed in Latin America during the 19th century, and it expanded in Europe during the early-20th century. It saw a resurgence during the Cold War, and new military dictatorships were established in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in the 1960s. Some scholars have asserted that the number of military dictatorships has declined since the end of the Cold War.
Ninho da Serpente
Ninho da Serpente is a Brazilian telenovela produced and aired by Band between April 5 and August 27, 1982, in 120 chapters. It was written by Jorge Andrade, supervised by Antonio Abujamra, under the direction of Henrique Martins.

It features Cleyde Yáconis, Kito Junqueira, Eliane Giardini, Laura Cardoso, Beatriz Segall, Juca de Oliveira, Selma Egrei and Othon Bastos in the main roles.

Laura Cardoso
Laura Cardoso, artistic name of Laurinda de Jesus Cardoso Balleroni OMC (born 13 September 1927) is a Brazilian actress. She is celebrated as one of the best and most well known Brazilian actresses of cinema, theater and television.