hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean-Joseph Sourbader de Gimat
Jean-Joseph Sourbader de Gimat was a volunteer French officer who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Born into a military family, he entered the French royal army in 1761. By 1776 he was a first lieutenant but went to America with Gilbert Motier, marquis de La Fayette with the promise of becoming a major. After serving as La Fayette's aide at Brandywine, Gloucester, Barren Hill, and Monmouth, he went back to France for one year. Returning to America in 1780, he was appointed to command a light infantry unit which fought at Green Spring in 1781. He led his men in a successful assault at Yorktown that same year. He returned to France in 1782 and was named colonel in command of a colonial regiment in Martinique.

He later was governor of Saint Lucia from 1789 to 1792.

Battle of Gloucester (1777)
The Battle of Gloucester was a skirmish fought between November 25, 1777 and the early morning of November 26, 1777, during the Philadelphia campaign of the American Revolutionary War. It was the first battlefield command for the Marquis de Lafayette.
Paul Gipe
Paul Gipe (born 1950) is an American renewable energy advocate, author, and expert in wind power technology and policy. He is known for his contributions to developing community-based renewable energy systems.

In 1998, the World Renewable Energy Congress awarded him for his work in Renewable Energy. Additionally, in 1988, the American Wind Energy Association named him Person of the Year in the industry.

He has written about wind and solar energy, feed-in tariffs, and electric vehicles. He is also an analyst for World Future Council.

He contributed to the seven-year struggle for passage of the National Surface Mining Act, which regulates coal strip mining in the United States. He co-authored Surface Mining, Energy, and the Environment.

World Future Council
The World Future Council (WFC) is a German non-profit foundation with its headquarters in Hamburg. It works to pass on a healthy and sustainable planet with just and peaceful societies to future generations.
Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act
The Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act is a proposed United States law that would require  every firearm in the US to be licensed, insured, and accounted for at all times. The law would also impose a ban on any ammunition that is larger than .50 caliber (AE, BMG) The law expands US Code Title 18, Chapter 44.

The act is named in honor of Sabika Sheikh, a 17-year exchange student from Pakistan who was killed in the Santa Fe High School shooting.

Santa Fe High School shooting
On May 18, 2018, a school shooting occurred at Santa Fe High School in Santa Fe, Texas, United States, in the Houston metropolitan area. Ten people – eight students and two teachers – were fatally shot, and thirteen others were wounded. Dimitrios Pagourtzis, a 17-year-old student at the school, was taken into custody. The shooting is the eighth-deadliest school shooting in the United States.

Pagourtzis was charged with murder and assault, and with eleven federal crimes that cannot be disclosed as he was a minor at the time of the shooting. He was declared incompetent to stand trial shortly after being charged, and as of February 2026 is still considered incompetent.

Pagourtzis, his parents, and the manufacturer of the weapons that were used in the shooting were named in a civil lawsuit by some of the victims' families. A jury found Pagourtzis and the weapons manufacturer responsible for the killings, but his parents not responsible.
R. Glier Kyiv Institute of Music
The Glière Music College is the second oldest Ukrainian music conservatory established in the late 19th century in Kyiv, named for Reinhold Glière. In the early 20th century it was split into two music schools, Glière Music College and Kyiv Conservatory (now Kyiv Academy of Music). Over the past century, many world-famous musicians have graduated from this school, such as Vladimir Horowitz and Mélovin.

In 2008, the R. M. Glière Kyiv State Music University was reorganised into the R. M. Glière Kyiv Institute of Music.

In 2018, the institution celebrated its 150th anniversary at the state level, which became an occasion for another renaming. Since 2018 – Reinhold Glier Kyiv Municipal Academy of Music.

Vladimir Horowitz
Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz (October 1 [O.S. September 18] 1903 – November 5, 1989) was a Russian and American pianist. Considered one of the greatest pianists of all time, he was known for his virtuoso technique, timbre, and the public excitement engendered by his playing.
Kamachi Akimori
Kamachi Akimori (蒲池 鑑盛; 1520 - December 7, 1578) was a Japanese samurai lord and retainer of the Ōtomo clan during the Sengoku period. Akimori served under Ōtomo Sōrin. He was known as a skilled military commander and was also considered to be one of the "Great Pillars" along with Takahashi Shigetane for the Ōtomo clan, serving in all their major campaigns.

On 1578, Sōrin attacked the Takajo Castle of the Shimazu clan. The castle garrison led by Yamada Arinobu, gathered 500 troops to hold ground at Takajo Castle. Yamada managed to defend the castle and this led to a decline in the morale of the Otomo troops.  
Shimazu Iehisa and Yamada Arinobu sallied from Takajo castle and attacked the Otomo army from the rear. Later, the Shimazu army defeated Otomo's, who retreated under heavy losses at Battle of Mimigawa. Kamachi Akimori killed in the battle.

Shimazu clan
The Shimazu clan (島津氏, Shimazu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.ma.(d)zɯ, ɕi.ma.(d)zɯꜜ.ɕi]) were the daimyō of the Satsuma han, which spread over Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan.

The Shimazu were identified as one of the tozama or outsider daimyō families in contrast with the fudai or insider clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan.
Waipapa River (Waikato)
The southernmost and largest Waipapa River is a river of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally northeast from its origins to the south of the Pureora Forest Park, passing through the southeast corner of the park to reach Lake Waipapa on the Waikato River 10 kilometres northwest of Mangakino. The Waipapa flows into the Waikato River at Lake Waipapa, the hydro reservoir formed by the Waipapa Power Station.

Pureora Forest Park
Pureora Forest Park is a 760-square-kilometre (290 sq mi) protected area in the North Island of New Zealand. Within its rich rainforest are an abundance of 1,000-year-old podocarp trees. It is "recognised as one of the finest rain forests in the world". Established in 1978, after a series of protests and tree sittings, the park is one of the largest intact tracts of native forest in the North Island and has high conservation value due to the variety of plant life and animal habitats. New Zealand's largest tōtara tree is located nearby on private land.
Longwood Lancers men's basketball
The Longwood Lancers men's basketball team is the Division I basketball team that represents Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia. Since 2012, the team has competed in the Big South Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Their current head coach is Ronnie Thomas. The Lancers made their first appearance in the NCAA tournament in 2022, followed by another appearance in 2024.

Jerome Kersey
Jerome Kersey (June 26, 1962 – February 18, 2015) was an American professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the Portland Trail Blazers (1984–1995), Golden State Warriors (1995–96), Los Angeles Lakers (1996–97), Seattle SuperSonics (1997–98), San Antonio Spurs (1998–2000), and Milwaukee Bucks (2000–01).

The Trail Blazers selected Kersey in the second round of the 1984 NBA draft from Longwood University (then Longwood College) in Farmville, Virginia. He was a member of the Spurs during their 1999 NBA Finals victory over the New York Knicks. Following his playing career, Kersey worked with his former Portland teammate and then-head coach of the Milwaukee Bucks Terry Porter as an assistant in 2005. Kersey died from a pulmonary embolism caused by a blood clot at his home in Tualatin, Oregon, on February 18, 2015.
Michael Gallagher (journalist)
Michael Gallagher (born c. 1958) is an American newspaper editor. Gallagher was formerly an investigative journalist for Gannett News Service until he was convicted of voicemail hacking in an investigation into Chiquita's business practices. He began his career as a reporter at the Kalamazoo Gazette in Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Kalamazoo Gazette
The Kalamazoo Gazette is the daily newspaper in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and is part of MLive Media Group, Michigan's largest local media organization. The Gazette publishes seven days a week. Papers are available for home delivery on Thursday and Sunday.
IIG Capital
International Investment Group (IIG) is an American financial institution that specializes in short-term trade finance and commercial finance, with a focus on emerging markets. Through its affiliate IIG Capital, it provides financing to small and medium-sized merchants, traders and processors with a need for supply chain financing. The company is headquartered in New York City and offers services internationally.

In April 2022, its co-founder David Hu was sentenced to 12 years in prison for running a Ponzi scheme, defrauding and scamming customers of more than $120 million. Moreover, Hu fabricated documents to hide his financial losses. Hu's partner Martin Silver was also found guilty of running the Ponzi scheme.

Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (/ˈpɒnzi/, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian con artist Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business activities (whereas the business activities are non-existent), or by exaggerating the extent and profitability of the legitimate business activities, using new investments to fabricate or supplement these profits. A Ponzi scheme can maintain the illusion of a sustainable business as long as investors continue to contribute new funds, and as long as most of the investors do not demand full repayment or lose faith in the non-existent assets they are purported to own.
Valaichchenai railway station
Valaichchenai railway station Tamil: வாழைச்சேனை ரயில் நிலையம்), (Sinhala: වලයිචෙනෙයි දුම්රිය ස්ථානය) is a railway station in the town of Valaichchenai in eastern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Batticaloa Line which links Batticaloa District with the capital Colombo.

Batticaloa line
The Batticaloa line is a railway line in Sri Lanka. Branching off the Northern line at Maho Junction, the line heads east through North Central Province and south-easterly through Eastern Province before terminating at the eastern city of Batticaloa. The line is 212 kilometres (132 mi) long and has 31 stations. The line opened in 1928. There were no services on the Polonnaruwa-Batticaloa stretch of the line between 31 October 1996 and 12 April 2003 due to the civil war. The Udaya Devi service operates on the line.
Waldsassen Abbey
Waldsassen Abbey (German: Abtei Waldsassen) is a Cistercian nunnery, formerly a Cistercian monastery, located on the River Wondreb at Waldsassen near Tirschenreuth, Oberpfalz, in Bavaria, Germany, close to the border with the Czech Republic. In the Holy Roman Empire it was an Imperial Abbey.

Wondreb
The Wondreb (Czech: Odrava; called Nikolausbach upstream, Czech: Mikulášský potok) is a river in Germany and the Czech Republic, a right tributary of the Ohře River. It flows through Bavaria and Karlovy Vary Region. It is 66.1 km (41.1 mi) long.
Poison (Alice Cooper song)
"Poison" is a song by American musician Alice Cooper. Written by Cooper, producer Desmond Child and guitarist John McCurry, the song was released as a single in July 1989 from Cooper's 18th album, Trash. It became one of Cooper's biggest hit singles in the United States, peaking at number seven on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song performed better in the United Kingdom, peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart.

"Poison" was ranked by Billboard as the 91st-most-successful song of 1989, while Ultimate Classic Rock ranked it as the "7th best Alice Cooper song", commenting "Poison sounds like a typical '80s pop-metal number at times, but Cooper’s intensity brings it to a whole other level." The song's main riff was written by guitarist John McCurry, who two years earlier had used it for the John Waite track "Encircled".

John Waite
John Charles Waite (born 4 July 1952) is an English rock singer and musician. As a solo artist, he has released ten studio albums and is best known for the 1984 hit single "Missing You", which reached No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and the top ten on the UK singles chart. He was also the lead vocalist for the rock bands the Babys and Bad English.
Robert and Bertram (1961 film)
Robert and Bertram (German: Robert und Bertram) is a 1961 West German comedy film directed by Hans Deppe and starring Willy Millowitsch, Vico Torriani and Trude Herr. It was inspired by the characters in Gustav Raeder's 1856 play Robert and Bertram, updated to the modern era.

It was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin and on location in the Bavarian town of Eichstätt. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Paul Markwitz and Wilhelm Vorwerg.

Eichstätt
Eichstätt (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪçʃtɛt] ⓘ) is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.
Danny Magill
Danny Magill is a Gaelic footballer who plays for the Down county team.

He made his debut in 2023. A second-half substitute in the 2024 Tailteann Cup final, Magill was described in many reports as an important player in Down's victory. He also scored a late goal in the 2023 Tailteann Cup quarter-final victory over Cavan, as well as a goal against Longford in the same competition.

Magill is the son of Miceal, who also played for Down, and was part of the 1994 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final-winning team.

2023 Tailteann Cup
The 2023 Tailteann Cup was the second edition of the Tailteann Cup, a Gaelic football competition contested by the seventeen county teams that did not qualify for a provincial final, including New York (the other teams competed for the Sam Maguire Cup). These teams initially competed in their provincial championship and if they reached their provincial final, they continued in the 2023 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, progressing to the All-Ireland group stage.

The final was played on 15 July 2023 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Meath and Down. Meath won after defeating Down 2–13 to 0–14.
Nimo railway station
Nimo railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Halt station on the Howrah–Bardhaman main line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated at Nimo, Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Ob Plateau
The Ob Plateau (Russian: Приобское плато, Priobskoye Plato), is one of the great plateaus of Siberia. Administratively it falls within Altai Krai and Novosibirsk Oblast, Siberian Federal District, Russia. The plateau is named after the Ob River and is part of its basin.

Most of the territory of the plateau has been agriculturally developed, yielding grain crops as well as industrial crops. The Kulunda Main Canal, built at the time of the USSR, runs in a roughly southwest/northeast direction across the plateau.

Siberian Federal District
The Siberian Federal District (Russian: Сибирский федеральный округ, IPA: [sʲɪˈbʲirskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 17,178,298 according to the 2010 Census, living in an area of 4,361,800 square kilometers (1,684,100 sq mi). The entire federal district lies within the continent of Asia.

The district was created by presidential decree on 13 May 2000 and covers around 30% of the total land area of Russia. In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were removed from the Siberian Federal District and added to the Far Eastern Federal District in accordance with a decree issued by Russian President Vladimir Putin.
Preah Ko Preah Keo
Preah Ko Preah Keo (Khmer: ព្រះគោ ព្រះកែវ, Preăh Koŭ Preăh Kêv; "Sacred Ox and Sacred Gem") is a famous Cambodian legend about two brothers who were born in Cambodia. The older brother was an ox named Preah Ko and the younger was a man named Preah Keo. Preah Ko possessed divine power, and his belly contained precious and valuable objects. The brothers were believed to bring peace and prosperity to the place where they resided.

The story is very popular in Cambodian society. It exists in several versions, including oral, written, film and paintings. Some Khmers have placed statues of Preah Ko and Preah Keo in local shrines, where they keep watch over the land they left but never abandoned.

Longvek
Longvek or Lavek (Khmer: លង្វែក, pronounced [luŋˈʋɛːk] or ល្វែក, pronounced [lʋɛːk]; lit. 'Intersection or Crossroads') was a city in Cambodia. It was the second capital city during the Cambodia's Post-Angkor period which began after the Angkor era.  The city was known to early European traders as "Cambodia". The city used to serve as a center of the country's military.  It was

a gathering point for people of knowledge including scholars and martial artists.

Longvek was chosen by King Ang Chan I after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese as a new capital because of its more readily defensible terrain. As a result, there was a time when Cambodia was often referred to as Longvek by foreign travellers. It was considered one of the greatest cities in Cambodia. After Ang Chan I defeated Sdach Korn he moved the capital city from Chaktomuk to Longvek in 1529. This new city was the capital of the Kingdom of Cambodia from 1529 to 1594 until the fall of Longvek.
Zazafotsy
Zazafotsy (or Zaxafotsy) is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ihosy, which is a part of Ihorombe Region. The population of the commune was 14,062 in 2018.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 90% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice: other important products are peanuts and cassava.

Ihorombe
Ihorombe is a region in Madagascar. It borders the Haute Matsiatra region to the north, the Atsimo-Atsinanana region to the east, the Anosy region to the south, and the Atsimo-Andrefana region to the west. The capital is Ihosy and the population was 418,520 in 2018. The area of Ihorombe is 26,391 km2 (10,190 sq mi) and it has one of the lowest population densities of the Malagasy regions.
Austria–Mexico relations
The nations of Austria and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1842. Relations were strengthened in 1864 when Archduke Maximilian of Austria became Emperor of Mexico, however, after his execution, diplomatic relations were severed until 1901. Diplomatic relations were once again disrupted in 1938 during the Anschluss and relations were fully restored after World War II.

Both nations are members of the OECD and the United Nations.

Heinz Fischer
Heinz Fischer (German: [ˈhaɪnts ˈfɪʃɐ] ⓘ; born 9 October 1938) is an Austrian politician who served as the president of Austria from 2004 to 2016. Fischer previously served as minister for science from 1983 to 1987 and as president of the National Council of Austria from 1990 to 2002. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) until 2004, he suspended his party membership as he became president.
Fred Chance
Fred Chance is an American illustrator. He was active in the field of illustration for over fifty years in Philadelphia and New York. He created covers for Vogue magazine in the early 1930s and was still active in magazine cover work in the late 1980s. He was a good friend of George Withers, who  did illustrations for the Saturday Evening Post, Collier's, Redbook, Blue Book, Good Housekeeping and The New York Times.

Illustration
An illustration is a decoration, interpretation, or visual explanation of a text, concept, or process, designed for integration in print and digitally published media, such as posters, flyers, magazines, books, teaching materials, animations, video games and films. An illustration is typically created by an illustrator. Digital illustrations are often used to make websites and apps more user-friendly, such as the use of emojis to accompany digital type. Illustration also means providing an example; either in writing or in picture form.

The origin of the word "illustration" is late Middle English (in the sense ‘illumination; spiritual or intellectual enlightenment’): via Old French from Latin illustratio(n-), from the verb illustrare.
George Kerr McNaughton
George Kerr McNaughton (July 4, 1877 – September 15, 1951) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1928 until his retirement at the 1933 provincial election, from the electoral district of Comox, as a Conservative. He was a doctor.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.