hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FET amplifier
An FET amplifier is an amplifier that uses one or more field-effect transistors (FETs). The most common type of FET amplifier is the MOSFET amplifier, which uses metal–oxide–semiconductor FETs (MOSFETs). The main advantage of a FET used for amplification is that it has very high input impedance and low output impedance.

Input impedance
In electrical engineering, the input impedance of an electrical network is the measure of the opposition to current (impedance), both static (resistance) and dynamic (reactance), into a load network or circuit that is external to the electrical source network. The input admittance (the reciprocal of impedance) is a measure of the load network's propensity to draw current. The source network is the portion of the network that transmits power, and the load network is the portion of the network that consumes power.

For an electrical property measurement instrument like an oscilloscope, the instrument is a load circuit to an electrical circuit (source circuit) to be measured, so the input impedance is the impedance of the instrument seen by the circuit to be measured.
Louden Whirl-Around
The Louden Whirl-Around is a historic object located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States. It is a type of a playground merry-go-round manufactured by the Louden Machinery Company. It was built about 1930 on the grounds of the Fairfield Country Club. The octagon-shaped apparatus is composed of steel pipe, malleable iron couplings, and wood. It is located south of the swimming pool behind the clubhouse. Louden had to begin a line of playground equipment in order to acquire patent rights that it needed to develop its line of overhead material handling systems. They acquired the J.C. Porter Company of Ottawa, Illinois, which manufactured the playground equipment and held those rights. The playground apparatus exemplifies the company's growth in the 1920s. Most of the schools in Fairfield had playground equipment manufactured by Louden. The object was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Ottawa, Illinois
Ottawa is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. It is located at the confluence of the navigable Fox River and Illinois River, the latter being a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago to the Mississippi River. The population was 18,840 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Ottawa, Illinois, micropolitan area.
Vonk (surname)
Vonk is a Dutch metonymic occupational surname. Vonk means "spark" and refers to the work of a Smith. People with this surname include:

Alice Vonk (1908–1997), American floriculturist

Britt Vonk (born 1991), Dutch softball player

Corry Vonk (1901–1988), Dutch revue and cabaret performer

Erik Vonk (born 1953), Dutch banker and entrepreneur

Freek Vonk (born 1983), Dutch biologist

Hans Vonk (conductor) (1942–2004), Dutch conductor, champion of Dutch composers

Hans Vonk (cyclist) (born 1959), Dutch racing cyclist

Hans Vonk (footballer) (born 1970), South African football goalkeeper

Henk Vonk (1942–2019), Dutch football trainer and scout

Marcel Vonk (born 1974), Dutch poker player and physicist

Matt Vonk (born 1990), Canadian football offensive lineman

Michel Vonk (born 1968), Dutch football player and manager

Rob Vonk (born 1950), Dutch modern pentathlete

Roos Vonk (born 1960), Dutch psychologist

Theo Vonk (1947–2025), Dutch footballer and manager

Britt Vonk
Britt Vonk (born 11 April 1991) is a Dutch softball player for the Algodoneros de Unión Laguna of the Mexican Softball League. She has represented the Dutch national team in international competitions. She attended and played for the University of California, Berkeley.

Since 2005 Vonk has played for the Tex Town Tigers, her hometown club team. She is a shortstop, first baseman, and second baseman who bats left-handed and throws right-handed. She has competed for the Dutch national team since 2008. She was the best batter at the 2008 J.C.J. Mastenbroek Tournament. She was part of the Dutch team for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, the team's youngest player at 17 years old.

In 2010 she arrived at Cal as a freshman, immediately distinguishing herself by leading the team in both batting average and on-base percentage. She majored in Psychology.

She was signed by the Algodoneros de Unión Laguna of the Mexican Softball League for the 2025 season.
Bacterial circadian rhythm
Bacterial circadian rhythms, like other circadian rhythms, are endogenous "biological clocks" that have the following three characteristics:

(a) in constant conditions (i.e. constant temperature and either constant light {LL} or constant darkness {DD}) they oscillate with a period that is close to, but not exactly, 24 hours in duration,

(b) this "free-running" rhythm is temperature compensated, and

(c) the rhythm will entrain to an appropriate environmental cycle.

Until the mid-1980s, it was thought that only eukaryotic cells had circadian rhythms. It is now known that cyanobacteria (a phylum of photosynthetic eubacteria) have well-documented circadian rhythms that meet all the criteria of bona fide circadian rhythms. In these bacteria, three key proteins whose structures have been determined, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC can form a molecular clockwork that orchestrates global gene expression. This system enhances the fitness of cyanobacteria in rhythmic environments.

Luciferase
Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidative enzymes that produce bioluminescence, and is usually distinguished from a photoprotein. The name was first used by Raphaël Dubois who invented the words luciferin and luciferase, for the substrate and enzyme, respectively. Both words are derived from the Latin word lucifer, meaning "lightbearer", which in turn is derived from the Latin words for "light" (lux) and "to bring or carry" (ferre). Luciferases are widely used in biotechnology, for bioluminescence imaging microscopy and as reporter genes, for many of the same applications as fluorescent proteins. However, unlike fluorescent proteins, luciferases do not require an external light source, but do require addition of luciferin, the consumable substrate.
Linda Infante Lyons
Linda Anne Infante Lyons (born 1959) is a Native American visual media artist from Anchorage, Alaska. She is Alutiiq, with her mother's family descending from Kodiak Island, and Estonian. The island's natives experienced two waves of colonization, which plays a central role in Lyons' artwork.

Alaska State Museum
The Alaska State Museum is a museum in Juneau, Alaska, United States. It was established in 1900 to collect both the human and natural history of Alaska. The museum was moved to a new building after a $139 million refurbishment, reopening in 2016.
Clan Stewart of Appin
Clan Stewart of Appin is the West Highland branch of the Clan Stewart and have been a distinct clan since their establishment in the 15th century.  Their Chiefs are descended from Sir James Stewart of Perston, who was himself the grandson of Alexander Stewart, the fourth High Steward of Scotland.  His cousin Walter Stewart, the 6th High Steward, married Marjorie Bruce, the daughter of King Robert the Bruce, and their son Robert II was the first Stewart Monarch. The Stewarts of Appin are cousins to the Royal Stewart Monarchy.

Marjorie Bruce
Marjorie Bruce or Marjorie de Brus (c. 1296 – 1316 or 1317) was the eldest daughter of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, and the only child born of his first marriage with Isabella of Mar.

Marjorie's marriage to Walter, High Steward of Scotland, gave rise to the House of Stewart. Her son was the first Stewart monarch, King Robert II of Scotland.
Darrel Williams (cricketer)
Darrel Ryan Williams (born 21 September 1995) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Williams was born at Banbury in September 1995. He was educated at Chipping Campden School, before going up to Durham University. While studying at Durham, he played two first-class cricket matches for Durham MCCU against Somerset in 2015 and Essex in 2017. He scored 32 runs in his two matches, while with his leg break bowling he took 3 wickets, with best figures of 2 for 82.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Kontorovich–Lebedev transform
In mathematics, the Kontorovich–Lebedev transform is an integral transform which uses a Macdonald function (modified Bessel function of the second kind) with imaginary index as its kernel. Unlike other Bessel function transforms, such as the Hankel transform, this transform involves integrating over the index of the function rather than its argument.

The transform of a function  and its inverse (provided they exist) are given below:

Laguerre previously studied a similar transform regarding Laguerre function as:

Erdélyi et al., for instance, contains a short list of Kontorovich–Lebedev transforms as well references to the original work of Kontorovich and Lebedev in the late 1930s.  This transform is mostly used in solving the Laplace equation in cylindrical coordinates for wedge shaped domains by the method of separation of variables.

Separation of variables
In mathematics, separation of variables (also known as the Fourier method) is any of several methods for solving ordinary and partial differential equations, in which algebra allows one to rewrite an equation so that each of two variables occurs on a different side of the equation.
Podoceridae
Podoceridae is a family of amphipods. One species, Pocoderus cristatus, is known for mimicking the appearance of certain nudibranchs: Coryphella trilineata, Flabellinopsis iodinea, Flabellina bertschi, and Noumeaella rubrofasciata.

Nudibranch
Nudibranchs (/ˈnjuːdɪbræŋk/) are a group of soft-bodied marine gastropod molluscs, belonging to the order Nudibranchia, that shed their shells after their larval stage. They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have been given colourful nicknames to match, such as "clown", "marigold", "splendid", "dancer", "dragon" , and "sea rabbit". About 3,000 species of nudibranchs are known.

The word nudibranch comes from the Latin nudus 'naked' and the Ancient Greek βράγχια (bránkhia) 'gills'.

Nudibranchs are often casually called sea slugs, as they are a family of opisthobranchs (sea slugs), within the phylum Mollusca (molluscs), but many sea slugs belong to several taxonomic groups that are not closely related to nudibranchs. A number of these other sea slugs, such as the photosynthetic Sacoglossa and the colourful Aglajidae, are often confused with nudibranchs.
Hrvoje Fižuleto
Hrvoje Fižuleto (born 15 January 1963) is a retired Croatian high jumper.

He finished fifth at the 1984 European Indoor Championships, tenth at the 1987 European Indoor Championships and twelfth at the 1988 European Indoor Championships. He competed in the men's high jump at the 1984 Summer Olympics, representing Yugoslavia, without reaching the final.

Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump
The men's high jump event at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, was held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on 10–11 August 1984. Thirty athletes from 20 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Dietmar Mögenburg of West Germany, the nation's first victory in the men's high jump (mirroring East Germany's victory in 1980). Patrik Sjöberg's silver was Sweden's first medal in the event since 1920. Zhu Jianhua won bronze in the People's Republic of China's first appearance. The United States, which had made the podium in each of the 18 editions of the high jump before the 1980 boycott, now missed the podium for the first time in which the country competed, as Dwight Stones in fourth place fell just short of becoming the first man to earn three medals in the event.
Charming Sinners
Charming Sinners is a 1929 American pre-Code comedy film directed by Robert Milton and Dorothy Arzner (who was uncredited), with a screenplay by Doris Anderson adapted from the 1926 play The Constant Wife written by W. Somerset Maugham. The film stars Ruth Chatterton, Clive Brook, Mary Nolan, William Powell, Laura Hope Crews and Florence Eldridge. The film was released on August 17, 1929, by Paramount Pictures.

It has been described as a "splendid example of the early talkie period" with use of static camera and dialogue-heavy scenes.

Robert Milton (director)
Robert Milton (January 24, 1885 – January 13, 1956) was a Russian-born screenwriter and film director who worked and settled in the United States. He wrote and directed for the stage, and directed three British films.
Hell Gate Line
The Hell Gate Line is the portion of Amtrak's high-speed Northeast Corridor between Harold Interlocking in Sunnyside, Queens, and Shell Interlocking in New Rochelle, New York, within the New York metropolitan area.

The first portion of the line was built by the Harlem River and Port Chester Railroad, and opened in 1873 as the Harlem River Branch of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Commuter service ran along the line from the Harlem River Terminal up to main-line New Haven in New Rochelle until 1931. Electrified service on the line began in 1911, and the line was extended to Penn Station across the Hell Gate with the completion of the Hell Gate Bridge. Metro-North Railroad is currently planning to reinstitute local commuter service on the line as part of the first phase of Penn Station Access.

Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad
Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad was a railroad built in what is today the West Bronx and South Bronx in New York City, United States. It ran from the junction between the West Side Line and the Hudson River Railroad near Spuyten Duyvil Creek, then along the Harlem River to the northwestern shore of the East River in what is today the Port Morris section of the Bronx. Part of the line was incorporated into the Metro-North Railroad's  Hudson Line, while other parts were abandoned and removed.
SR-25 pattern magazine
An SR-25, AR-10 or LR-308 pattern magazine is a type of detachable firearm magazine based on the original Armalite AR-10 "waffle" magazine design introduced in the late 1950s, used for .308 Winchester and 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges.

The design has been used on many AR-10 derivatives, for instance in the Knight's Armament SR-25 and DPMS Panther LR-308, as well as bolt-action rifles such as the Mossberg MVP .308, Ruger Precision Rifle and Q FIX. Aftermarket magazines are produced by Magpul, Lancer Systems, and others. Not all AR-10 rifles use magazines compatible with the SR-25 pattern. For example, HK417/MR308/MR762 uses a proprietary design. Notably, Armalite switched from their original pattern magazines to modified M14 magazines in 1996 with their new AR-10B model, but reintroduced their original (SR-25 pattern) magazine design with the AR-10A model in 2012.

7.62×51mm NATO
The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire rifle cartridge. It is a standard for small arms among NATO countries.

First developed in the 1940s, the cartridge had first been introduced in U.S. service in 1954 for the M14 rifle and M60 machine gun.

The later adoption of the 5.56×45mm NATO intermediate cartridge and assault rifles as standard infantry weapon systems by NATO militaries started a trend to phase out the 7.62×51mm NATO in that role.
Many other firearms that use the 7.62×51mm NATO fully powered cartridge remain in service today, especially various designated marksman rifles/sniper rifles and medium machine guns/general-purpose machine guns (e.g. M24 Sniper Rifle and M240 Medium Machine Gun). The cartridge is also used on mounted and crew-served weapons that are mounted to vehicles, aircraft, and ships.
John Wick: Chapter 2 (soundtrack)
John Wick: Chapter 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film John Wick: Chapter 2. The second instalment in the John Wick franchise and a sequel to 2014 action film John Wick, the film stars Keanu Reeves in the title character, and is directed by Chad Stahelski. The album featured 23 tracks from the original score composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard, plus songs performed by Le Castle Vania and Ciscandra Nostalghia, all of them contributed to the first film's soundtrack. Jerry Cantrell, guitarist and co-lead vocalist of Alice in Chains performed an original song titled "A Job to Do", released on February 9, 2017. The album was released by Varèse Sarabande on the following day, along with the film.

Chad Stahelski
Charles F. Stahelski (born September 20, 1968) is an American stuntman and filmmaker. He is considered a highly-influential figure in the action film genre. He first achieved prominence as a stunt performer and coordinator, notably as the key stunt double for Keanu Reeves on The Matrix (1999), and as the martial arts stunt coordinator on its first two sequels. He subsequently directed the 2014 film John Wick, starring Reeves, and its three sequels.
Philly Roller Derby
Philly Roller Derby (PRD) is a women's flat-track roller derby league based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 2005, Philly Roller Derby is a founding member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Osadchy
Osadchy or Osadchyi (Ukrainian: Осадчий) is a Ukrainian surname derived from a historical administrative position related to the organization of peasant settlement on feudal lands. The feminine form is Osadcha (Ukrainian: Осадча) or Osadchaya (Russian: Осадчая). The Belarusian forms are Asadchy (Belarusian: Асадчы) and Asadchaya (Асадчая). Notable people with the surname include:

Dmytro Osadchyi (disambiguation), several Ukrainian individuals

Liliya Osadchaya (born 1953), Soviet-Ukrainian volleyball player

Kateryna Osadcha (born 1983), Ukrainian journalist

Maksim Osadchy (born 1965), Russian cinematographer

Mykhaylo Osadchy (1936–1994), Ukrainian writer and dissident

Natalya Osadcha-Yanata (1891–1982), Ukrainian botanist

Nikolay Osadchy (born 1957), Russian politician

Stanislav Osadchiy (born 1961), Russian ambassador

Yan Osadchyi (born 1994), Ukrainian footballer

Nikolay Osadchy
Nikolay Ivanovich Osadchy (Russian: Николай Иванович Осадчий; born 8 December 1957, Tuapse, Krasnodar Krai) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma. In 1984, he was granted a Candidate of Sciences degree in philosophy.

Osadchy began his career as a professor of philosophy at Kuban State University. In 1985, he started teaching history, sociology and philosophy at the Kuban State Medical University. In 1988, Osadchy joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In 1995, he became the first secretary of the Krasnodar Krai branch of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. From 1998 to 2015, he was the deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th convocations, respectively. In 2016, Osadchy was elected deputy of the 7th State Duma from the Krasnodar Krai convocation. He was re-elected in September 2021 for the 8th State Duma.
The Misfortunes of Mr. Teal
The Misfortunes of Mr. Teal is a collection of three mystery novellas by Leslie Charteris, first published in the United Kingdom in May 1934 by Hodder and Stoughton and the United States by The Crime Club. The book was republished under two additional titles: The Saint in England and, as of 1952, The Saint in London (not to be confused with The Saint in London, a 1939 RKO film based upon a story in an earlier Saint volume, The Holy Terror).

This was the 12th volume of stories featuring the Robin Hood-inspired character, Simon Templar, alias The Saint. The original title of the book, however, refers to the character of Claud Eustace Teal, an inspector with Scotland Yard and a recurring adversary of Templar's.

Leslie Charteris
Leslie Charteris (/ˈtʃɑːrtərɪs/; born Leslie Charles Bowyer-Yin; 12 May 1907 – 15 April 1993), was a British-Chinese author of adventure fiction, as well as a screenwriter. He was best known for his many books chronicling the adventures of his hero Simon Templar, alias "The Saint".
Portloe Lifeboat Station
Portloe Lifeboat Station was located in the small village of Portloe, which sits on the Roseland Peninsula, approximately 10 miles (16 km) south east of Truro, overlooking Veryan Bay, on the south east coast of Cornwall.

A lifeboat was first placed at Portloe in 1870, by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

After just 17 years of operation, Porthleven lifeboat station was closed in 1887.

Portloe
50°13′09″N 4°53′30″W﻿ / ﻿50.2191°N 4.8917°W﻿ / 50.2191; -4.8917

Portloe (Cornish: Porthlogh) is a small village in Cornwall, England, on the Roseland Peninsula, in the civil parish of Veryan. Portloe harbours two full-time working fishing vessels, the Jasmine and Katy Lil, which fish for crab and lobster in Veryan and Gerrans Bay, and a fleet of smaller leisure boats in summer. Visitors are attracted to Portloe by its fishing, scenery, and walks.

Portloe lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). Almost a third of Cornwall has AONB designation, with the same status and protection as a National Park. The South West Coast Path passes through the village.

The name Portloe comes from the Cornish language words porth, meaning 'cove' or 'harbour', and logh, meaning 'lake' or 'inlet'.
Glaucus (sculpture)
Glaucus is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, first conceived in 1886 as a representation of the mythological figure Glaucus, son of Poseidon. Originally made in plaster, bronze casts of it are now in the Brooklyn Museum and the Museo Soumaya.

Glaucus
In Greek mythology, Glaucus (/ˈɡlɔːkəs/; Ancient Greek: Γλαῦκος, romanized: Glaûkos, lit. 'glimmering') was a Greek prophetic sea-god, born mortal and turned immortal upon eating a magical herb. It was believed that he came to the rescue of sailors and fishermen in storms, having earlier earned a living from the sea himself.