hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Weak derivative
In mathematics, a weak derivative is a generalization of the concept of the derivative of a function (strong derivative) for functions not assumed differentiable, but only integrable, i.e., to lie in the Lp space .

The method of integration by parts holds that for smooth functions  and  we have

A function u' being the weak derivative of u is essentially defined by the requirement that this equation must hold for all smooth functions  vanishing at the boundary points ().

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.
Nondumiso Mzizana
Nondumiso Mzizana is a South African dentist and businesswoman. A member of the Leadership Board of the Gordon Institute of Business Science at the University of Pretoria, Mzizana is a board member at the Northern Cape Economic Development, Trade and Investment Promotion Agency and at ZADNA, the ZA Domain Name Authority that regulates, manages and administers South Africa's Internet top level domain. The CEO of Sikelela Medical and Dental Supplies, she was the recipient of Businesswomen's Association of South Africa's Businesswoman of the Year for 2011, and was nominated as the most influential woman business leader in South Africa by African Business News.

.za
.za is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for South Africa. The .za namespace is managed and regulated by the .za Domain Name Authority (ZADNA). Most domains are registered under the second-level domain .co.za.

ZA is an abbreviation of the Dutch name for the country of South Africa: Zuid-Afrika.
Apertura 2024 Liga MX final phase
The Apertura 2024 Liga MX final phase was played between 20 November and 15 December 2024. A total of ten teams will compete in the final phase to decide the champions of the Apertura 2024 Liga MX season.

For the third straight season, the number of clubs qualifying for the quarter-finals will be six while the teams qualifying for the reclassification is four. The four clubs qualified for the reclassification competed in the "play-in" round, a tournament modeled after the NBA play-in tournament.

América defeated Monterrey 3–2 on aggregate to win their third straight title and sixteenth overall. As winners, América will face the Clausura 2025 champion at the 2025 Campeón de Campeones.

2024–25 Liga MX season
The 2024–25 Liga MX season  (known as the Liga BBVA MX for sponsorship reasons) was the 78th professional season of the top-flight football league in Mexico. The season was divided into two championships—the Apertura 2024 and the Clausura 2025—each in an identical format and each contested by the same eighteen teams.
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2
A virus closely related to HTLV-I, human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-II or HTLV-2) shares approximately 70% genomic homology (structural similarity) with HTLV-I. It was discovered by Robert Gallo and colleagues.

HTLV-2 is prevalent in Africa and among Indigenous peoples in Central and South America, as well as among drug users in Europe and North America. It can be passed down from mother to child through breast milk, and through blood transfusions, sexual contact, and use of intravenous drug usage.

HTLV-II entry in target cells is mediated by the glucose transporter GLUT1.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis (pl.: diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in a lot of different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine "cause and effect". In systems engineering and computer science, it is typically used to determine the causes of symptoms, mitigations, and solutions.
Garfield merchandise
Garfield merchandise is the merchandise based on the "Garfield" comic strip by Jim Davis. Garfield is one of the world's most prominent and widely syndicated comic strips, and was specifically designed to be marketable. Before the sale of Paws, Inc. in August 2019, all the profits from merchandise went to Paws, Inc., of which Jim Davis is the CEO and founder. The following is a compiled list of selected merchandise based on the franchise.

Garfield's Feline Fantasies
Garfield's Feline Fantasies is a 1990 American animated television special based on the Garfield comic strip and is produced by Film Roman, United Media/Mendelson, and Paws, Inc. It once again featured Lorenzo Music as the voice of Garfield. The animated short was first broadcast on May 18, 1990, on CBS and September 10, 1991, on CITV and was nominated for Outstanding Animated Program at the 42nd Primetime Emmy Awards. The events of the special take place between the second and third seasons of Garfield and Friends. It has been released on both VHS and DVD home video.

This was the eleventh of twelve Garfield animated television shorts made between 1985 and 1992. This is the only Garfield animated television short  not to feature Lou Rawls.
Henry Boyle, 3rd Earl of Shannon
Henry Boyle, 3rd Earl of Shannon, KP, PC (Ire) (8 August 1771 – 22 April 1842), styled Viscount Boyle from 1764 until 1807, was an Anglo-Irish politician and peer who was one of the last surviving members of the Parliament of Ireland. He represented County Cork in the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1807. He then briefly served as Member of Parliament for Bandon in 1807, succeeding as Earl of Shannon later in the same year. He served as Custos rotulorum for County Cork from 1807 to his death. He was the first Lord Lieutenant of Cork from 1831 to his death.

Custos rotulorum
Custos rotulorum (/ˈkʌstɒs roʊtjʊˈlɔːrəm/; plural: custodes rotulorum; Latin for "keeper of the rolls", Neo-Latin: [ˈkus.tos roˈtuː.lo.rum]) is a civic post that is recognised in the United Kingdom (except Scotland) and in Jamaica.
Naseem Ahmed
Naseem Ahmed (born 10 January 1980) was a member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from the Indian National Lok Dal represented the Ferozepur Jhirka Vidhan sabha Constituency in Haryana from 2014 to 2019. He joined Bharatiya Janata Party just before 2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election.

Ferozepur Jhirka Assembly constituency
Ferozepur Jhirka is one of the 90 constituencies in the Haryana Legislative Assembly of Indian state of Haryana. Ferozepur Jhirka is also part of Gurgaon Lok Sabha constituency.

This constituency has been primarily been occupied by the Shakrulla-Naseem clan from the political families in the region.
Keiron Bigby
Keiron Bigby (born February 27, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL) in 1987. He played college football for the Brown Bears.

In 2018, Bigby was awarded a Super Bowl ring for playing for the Redskins in 1987, the year they won Super Bowl XXII.

Super Bowl ring
The Super Bowl ring is an award given by the National Football League to the members of the winning team of the league's annual championship game, the Super Bowl.

Other rings are awarded to the members of the Super Bowl runner-up team and of the teams that win the AFC or NFC championship. Teams that make the playoffs also receive bonus money that is distributed evenly among members who spent at least three games on the active or reserve list during the regular season.
Captain Nemo: The Fantastic History of a Dark Genius
Captain Nemo: The Fantastic History of a Dark Genius is a novel by Kevin J. Anderson, published in 2002 by Pocket Books. It is a secret history and crossover work, the central premise being that many of the things Jules Verne wrote about existed in real life as told to him by the real Captain Nemo.

In 2015, Anderson wrote a short story sequel, "20,000 Years Under the Sea," which incorporates elements from H. P. Lovecraft's "The Call of Cthulhu" and At the Mountains of Madness.

Crossover (fiction)
A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders (known as intercompany crossovers), common corporate ownership or unofficial efforts by fans.

This is different from a spoof, where one discrete character, setting, or universe, copies another character, setting, or universe, often in a comedic manner.
Philotheca nodiflora
Philotheca nodiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a weak shrub with more or less cylindrical leaves and blue to pink flowers arranged in compact heads.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Stradzew, Piotrków County
Stradzew [ˈstrad͡zɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wola Krzysztoporska, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Wola Krzysztoporska, 14 km (9 mi) west of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 43 km (27 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski ([ˈpʲɔtrkuf trɨbuˈnalskʲi] ⓘ; also known by alternative names), often simplified to Piotrków, is a city in central Poland with 71,252 inhabitants (2021). It is the capital of Piotrków County and the second-largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the late Middle Ages, Piotrków was once a royal city and holds an important place in Polish history; the first parliament sitting was held here in the 15th century. It then became the seat of a Crown Tribunal, the highest court of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The city also hosted one of Poland's oldest Jewish communities, which was entirely destroyed by the Holocaust. The old town in Piotrków features many historical and architectural monuments, including tenements, churches, synagogues and the medieval Royal Castle.
Szymon Starowolski
Szymon Starowolski (1588 – 1656; Simon Starovolscius) was a writer, scholar and historian in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was probably born near Pruzhany, and died near Kraków. He was a very prolific writer, and left behind over 70 works, mostly in Latin. Some of them survived until its translation into Polish.

Pruzhany
Pruzhany is a town in Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pruzhany District. The town is located at the confluence of the Mukha River and the Vets Canal, where the Mukhavets River rises. As of 2025, it has a population of 18,824.
Nada Milošević-Đorđević
Nada Milošević-Đorđević (Serbian Cyrillic: Нада Милошевић-Ђорђевић; 2 December 1934 – 27 July 2021) was a Serbian literary historian and professor in the Faculty of Philology at the University of Belgrade.

She was born in the then Kingdom of Yugoslavia. She was a corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, in which she was engaged as a member of the editorial board of the Serbian Encyclopedia, the president of the Board for Folk Literature, and a member of the Administrative Board of the Endowment of Branko Ćopić. She published many works in the field of folk literature.

Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Latin: Academia Scientiarum et Artium Serbica; Serbian: Српска академија наука и уметности, САНУ, romanized: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (Serbian: Друштво србске словесности, ДСС, romanized: Društvo srbske slovesnosti, DSS).

The Academy's membership has included Nobel laureates Ivo Andrić, Leopold Ružička, Vladimir Prelog, Glenn T. Seaborg, Mikhail Sholokhov, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and Peter Handke as well as, Josif Pančić, Jovan Cvijić, Branislav Petronijević, Vlaho Bukovac, Mihajlo Pupin, Nikola Tesla, Milutin Milanković, Mihailo Petrović-Alas, Mehmed Meša Selimović, Danilo Kiš, Paja Jovanović, Dmitri Mendeleev, Victor Hugo, Leo Tolstoy, Jacob Grimm, Antonín Dvořák, Henry Moore and many other scientists, scholars and artists of Serbian and foreign origin.
Isuzu 6H engine
The Isuzu 6H is a family of inline six-cylinder diesel engines installed in Isuzu medium-duty trucks, and also installed in GM medium-duty trucks as the Duramax LG4. It is mated to the Allison 2500, 3000, and 3500 series transmissions.

Truck classification
Truck classifications are typically based upon the maximum loaded weight of the truck, typically using the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and sometimes also the gross trailer weight rating (GTWR), and can vary among jurisdictions.
The Ring magazine Upset of the Year
The Ring magazine was established in 1922 and has since named an Upset of the Year since 1970. The award, based on the magazine's writers' criteria, is given to a fight that resulted in an outcome that was highly contrary to general expectations.

Teofimo Lopez
Teófimo Andrés López Rivera (born July 30, 1997) is an American professional boxer. He has held multiple world championships in two weight classes, having previously held the unified lightweight championship and the World Boxing Organization (WBO) junior welterweight title; He also held the Ring magazine lightweight and junior welterweight titles.

As an amateur, Lopez represented Honduras at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
6th municipality of Naples
The Sixth Municipality (In Italian: Sesta Municipalità or Municipalità 6) is one of the ten boroughs in which the Italian city of Naples is divided. It is the largest municipality in the city by surface area.

National Railway Museum of Pietrarsa
The National Railway Museum of Pietrarsa (Italian: Museo Nazionale Ferroviario di Pietrarsa) is close to the Naples–Portici railway.

The museum is housed in what was originally the 'Bourbon works' Officine di Pietrarsa, founded in 1840 on the orders of Ferdinand II of Bourbon to build steam engines for ships and boilers for locomotives. The factory was organized into pavilions which housed the different production steps.
2023–24 Loyola Ramblers women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Loyola Ramblers women's basketball team represented Loyola University Chicago during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Ramblers, led by second-year head coach Allison Guth, played their home games at the Joseph J. Gentile Arena in Chicago, Illinois as members of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10).

The Ramblers finished the season 15–16, 8–10 in A-10 play, to finish in a three-way tie for eighth place. They defeated Fordham, before falling to top-seeded and eventual tournament champions Richmond in the quarterfinals of the A-10 tournament.

2024 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament
The 2024 Atlantic 10 women's basketball tournament was the postseason women's basketball tournament for the 2023–24 season of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10). It was held from March 6-10, 2024, in Henrico, Virginia, at Henrico Sports & Events Center. It was the 48th annual edition of the tournament.
Mike Austin (rugby union)
Mike Austin (30 November 2000) is an English rugby union player who plays for Gloucester in the Premiership Rugby.

Austin represented Cornwall County under 18s and Falmouth RFC before stepping up to National League 1 with Cinderford. He had an impressive spell that earnt him a place in National One Team of the Season. He soon joined Hartpury University in the RFU Championship from the 2023–24 season.

Austin made a couple of appearances for Gloucester Rugby against both Exeter Chiefs and Newcastle Falcons during the 2024–25 Premiership Rugby Cup. After making impressive performances for Gloucester, it was confirmed that Austin signed a permanent deal with Gloucester for the 2025–26 season.

2024–25 Premiership Rugby Cup
The 2024–25 Premiership Rugby Cup is the 52nd season of England's national rugby union cup competition and the second under the new Premiership Rugby Cup format, including clubs from both the Premiership and Championship. Gloucester are the reigning champions.

Bath would finish as the Premiership Rugby Cup champions, defeating Exeter Chiefs 48–14 in the final at Sandy Park on 16 March 2025.
Leyb ben Oyzer
Leyb ben Oyzer or Yehuda Leib ben Ozer Rosencranz (Rosenkrantz), or Leib ben Rabbi Oizers (d. 1727) was an 18th-century shamash ha-kehilla (beadle or sexton of the congregation), trustee, and secretary or notary, of the Jewish community in Amsterdam. He is the author of the Bashraybung fun Shabsai Tsvi, a Yiddish chronicle written in 1718 about the messianic Sabbateanism movement.

Sexton (office)
A sexton is an officer of a church, congregation, or synagogue charged with the maintenance of its buildings and/or an associated cemetery. In smaller places of worship, this office is often combined with that of verger. Larger establishments, such as cathedrals, may employ a team of sextons.

Historically in North America and the United Kingdom the "sexton" was sometimes a minor municipal official responsible for overseeing the town cemetery. In the United Kingdom the position still exists today, related to management of the community's cemetery, with such sextons usually employed by the town/parish or community council.
Europe Lake
Europe Lake is a lake near Gills Rock in Door County, Wisconsin. It is the northeasternmost lake in Wisconsin. The lake is mainly a shallow lowland marsh, similar to nearby Kangaroo Lake. It has a maximum depth of 10 feet. Fish include Panfish, Smallmouth bass, Northern pike, Walleye and Perch.

The lake was once part of Lake Michigan until a drop in Lake Michigan's water levels closed off the bay and made it a lake.

Panfish
The word panfish, also spelled pan-fish or pan fish, is an American English term describing any edible freshwater fish that usually do not outgrow the size of an average frying pan. It is also commonly used by recreational anglers to refer to any small game fish that can fit wholly into a pan for cooking but are still large enough to be legal. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term was first recorded in 1796 in American Cookery, the first known cookbook written by an American author.
Ladies Edition, Woman's World
Ladies Edition, Woman's World is the third studio album by American R&B group H-Town. It was released October 28, 1997 on Relativity Records. Ladies Edition is the group first release signed to the label, after releasing their first two albums on Luther Campbell's label, Luke Records. Hip-hop-influenced ballads and slow jams like "Ways to Treat a Woman," "A Natural Woman," and the single "They Like It Slow" have a more respectful tone, and the group is more conscious toward women with this album.

This was the final album released in Dino's lifetime.

Luke Records
Luke Records is an American record label formed in 1985 by Luther Campbell, the former producer and hypeman of 2 Live Crew, and David Chackler, and based in Miami, Florida. It was one of the first recording labels devoted almost exclusively to Southern hip-hop.

The label was originally called Luke Skyywalker Records; however, because it was not found to be of fair use, Campbell shortened his pseudonym to Luke in 1990 (a result of George Lucas' successful lawsuit over Campbell appropriating the Skywalker name).

From 1990 to 1993, the label was distributed by Atlantic Records. The label's catalogue has been reclaimed by Luther Campbell and the estates of Fresh Kid Ice & Brother Marquis.
Moses Mudavadi
Moses Substone Budamba Mudavadi (1923–1989) was an influential politician from Sabatia, Kenya, in the early post-independence years  under former president Daniel Moi.

He was the first patron of the Maragoli Cultural Festival until his death in 1989.

His son, Musalia Mudavadi succeeded him as the Sabatia Constituency member of parliament. He was the husband to Hannah Mudavadi

Sabatia Constituency
Sabatia Constituency is an electoral constituency in Western Kenya. It is one of five constituencies in Vihiga County. It is the home of Kenya's Prime Cabinet Secretary, Musalia Mudavadi. The constituency was established for the 1988 elections. It had a population of 131,628 in the 2019 census.
WSJU-TV
WSJU-TV (channel 31) was a television station in San Juan, Puerto Rico, owned by Aerco Broadcasting Corporation. The station's studios were located at the IBC-AERCO building at 1554 Bori Street, Urb. Antonsanti in Rio Piedras. Its transmitter was located at Cerro la Marquesa in Aguas Buenas.

During most of the 2000s, the station's programming consisted mostly of music videos until it became an affiliate of Spanish Broadcasting System's Mega TV on August 25, 2008. It was carried by Dish Network and Liberty Puerto Rico.

Spanish Broadcasting System
Spanish Broadcasting System, Inc. (SBS) is an American media company specializing in Spanish-speaking audiences. It is one of the largest owners and operators of radio stations in the United States. SBS is also invested in television and internet properties, deriving the majority of its income from advertising through its media products.

SBS owns the internet portal LaMusica.com. It also acquired WSBS-TV in Miami, Florida, and WTCV in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the group of owned and operated TV stations for its Mega TV network.

SBS targets the U.S. Hispanic audience in nine geographic regions: Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, Miami, San Francisco, Puerto Rico, Orlando, Tampa, and Houston.
Hilde Grande
Hilde Grande (born 25 February 1975) is a Norwegian politician from the Progress Party (FrP). She was elected to the Storting in the 2025 Norwegian parliamentary election.

Grande was elected a municipal council representative in the 2023 Norwegian local elections for Vestvågøy.

Vestvågøy Municipality
Vestvågøy is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Leknes. Some of the villages in the municipality include Ballstad, Borg, Bøstad, Gravdal, Knutstad, Stamsund, Tangstad, and Valberg. With over 11,600 inhabitants, Vestvågøy is the most populous municipality in all of the Lofoten and Vesterålen regions in Nordland county.

The Lofotr museum in Borg shows a reconstructed Iron Age Viking chieftain's residence, with a house measuring 80 metres (262 ft), built of stone and turf.

The 424-square-kilometre (164 sq mi) municipality is the 231st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vestvågøy Municipality is the 99th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,619. The municipality's population density is 27.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (71/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.7% over the previous 10-year period.