hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shikharji
Shikharji (Śikharjī), also known as Sammet or Sammed Shikharji, is one of the holiest pilgrimage sites for Jains, in Giridih district, Jharkhand. It is located on Parasnath hill, the highest mountain in the state of Jharkhand. It is the most important Jain Tirtha (pilgrimage site), for it is the place where twenty of the twenty-four Jain tirthankaras (supreme preachers of Dharma) along with many other monks attained Moksha. It is one of the seven principal pilgrimage destinations along with Girnar, Pawapuri, Champapuri, Dilwara, Palitana and Ashtapad Kailash.

Champapuri
Champapuri, Champa Nagri or Champanagar is a neighbourhood in Bhagalpur in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the site of the ancient city of Champa, the capital of the Anga Mahajanapada. It is also the main centre of capital of cultural region of  Anga.

Champapuri is claimed to be the only place where all the five kalyanas- garbha, janma, diksha, kevalagnana and moksha kalyana of Bhagwan Vasupujya took place. It is said that Bhagawan Adinatha, Bhagwan Parshwanatha and Bhagawan Mahavira had their monsoon stay at this place. Bhagawan Mahavira had his third and twelfth monsoon stay at this place.  There is an idol of Bhagavan at the temple.

An ancient temple of Champanala is seen at this place.
Qeshlaq-e Damirchlu-ye Hajj Moharram Amanat
Qeshlaq-e Damirchlu-ye Hajj Moharram Amanat (Persian: قشلاق دميرچلو حاج محرم امانت) is a village in Qeshlaq-e Jonubi Rural District of Qeshlaq Dasht District in Bileh Savar County, Ardabil province, Iran.

Ardabil province
Ardabil province (Persian: استان اردبیل) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ardabil. The province is in the northwest of the country, in Region 3, bordering the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, and Gilan. Spanning an area of 18,011 km2, and established in 1993, Ardabil was carved out of the eastern part of East Azerbaijan province.
Ann Hibbins
Ann Hibbins (also spelled Hibbons or Hibbens) was a woman executed for witchcraft in Boston, Massachusetts Bay Colony, on June 19, 1656. Her death by hanging was the third for witchcraft in Boston and predated the Salem witch trials of 1692. Hibbins was later fictionalized in Nathaniel Hawthorne's famous novel The Scarlet Letter. A wealthy widow, Hibbins was the sister-in-law by marriage to Massachusetts governor Richard Bellingham. Her sentence was handed down by Governor John Endicott.

Sibling-in-law
A sibling-in-law is the spouse of one's sibling, the sibling of one's spouse, or the spouse of one's spouse's sibling. In Indian English the latter can be referred to as a co-sibling (specifically a co-sister, for the wife of one's sibling-in-law, or co-brother, for the husband of one's sibling-in-law).

More commonly, a sibling-in-law is referred to as a brother-in-law for a male sibling-in-law and a sister-in-law for a female sibling-in-law.
Nora Kaye
Nora Kaye-Ross (born Nora Kaye Koreff; January 17, 1920 – February 28, 1987) was an American prima-ballerina known for her ability to perform dramatic roles. Called the Duse of Dance after the acclaimed actress Eleonora Duse, she also worked in films as a choreographer and producer and performed on Broadway.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Ottawa (Ontario provincial electoral district)
Ottawa was the name of a provincial electoral district that elected one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, Canada from 1867 to 1894 and two members from 1894 to 1908.

The riding was created when Ontario became a province in 1867, initially consisting solely of the City of Ottawa. It was expanded in the 1894 redistribution to include the villages of Ottawa East and Hintonburg, the unincorporated community of Mechanicsville and that part of the Township of Nepean located in Lots 36, 37, 38 in Concession A of Ottawa Front (mostly the area around the Bayswater community, today the area east of Parkdale Avenue and north of Carling Avenue). The riding was abolished in the 1908 redistribution into Ottawa East and Ottawa West.

When the Ottawa district had two members, 1894–1908, each voter could cast up to two votes (Block Voting).

Parkdale Avenue (Ottawa)
Parkdale Avenue is an arterial road located west of downtown Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It runs in a north-south direction between the Kichi Zibi Mikan and Carling Avenue in the Hintonburg and Civic Hospital neighbourhoods. It is an extremely busy road providing access to Tunney's Pasture, the Parkdale Market, the Ottawa Civic Hospital (1053 Carling Avenue), and the Central Experimental Farm. Furthermore, it has direct connections to other major east-west arteries such as Scott Street, Wellington Street West, Gladstone Avenue, and Highway 417.

Parkdale Avenue is a 2-lane city road which widens briefly to 4 lanes near Highway 417 where it forms a diamond interchange. On-street parking is permitted near Tunney's Pasture and between Carling Avenue and Highway 417.  OC Transpo Route 14 runs along Parkdale Avenue from Carling Avenue to Gladstone Avenue where the route turns east, connecting to downtown Ottawa and Elgin Street to the centre-west part of the city.
John A. Cooper
John Allen Cooper is an American biochemist. He is a professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics and of cell biology and physiology at Washington University School of Medicine. He served as head of the university's Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics between 2015 and 2020 after leading the department as interim head.

Cooper earned his bachelor's degree in biochemistry magna cum laude from Brown University in 1977. He received medical and doctoral degrees from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Johns Hopkins University in 1982 and 1983, respectively. He joined Washington University in 1984 as a resident in anatomic pathology. In 2017, he became a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Molecular biophysics
Molecular biophysics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary area of research that combines concepts in physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and biology. It seeks to understand biomolecular systems and explain biological function in terms of molecular structure, structural organization, and dynamic behaviour at various levels of complexity (from single molecules to supramolecular structures, viruses and small living systems). This discipline covers topics such as the measurement of molecular forces, molecular associations, allosteric interactions, Brownian motion, and cable theory. Additional areas of study can be found in the Outline of Biophysics. The discipline has required development of novel experimental approaches.
Oculomucocutaneous syndrome
Oculomucocutaneous syndrome is characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes) and the resulting scarring, fibrosis, metaplasia, and shrinkage of the conjunctiva. It is a drug side effect observed in practolol and eperisone. It is speculated that antibodies against drug metabolites cause the syndrome.

Conjunctiva
In the anatomy of the eye, the conjunctiva (pl.: conjunctivae) is a thin mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye). It is composed of non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium with goblet cells, stratified columnar epithelium and stratified cuboidal epithelium (depending on the zone). The conjunctiva is highly vascularised, with many microvessels easily accessible for imaging studies.
Sure Love (Jarryd James song)
"Sure Love" is a single by Australian singer-songwriter Jarryd James. It was released on August 4, 2015 and is the fourth single taken from James' debut studio album, Thirty One.

The track was produced by Malay who's previously worked with Frank Ocean. Outside of Australia the song was promoted alongside the Jarryd James (EP).

Jarryd James
Jarryd James Klapper (born December 1984, in Brisbane) is an Australian singer, songwriter and record producer who performs as Jarryd James. He released his debut single "Do You Remember" on 30 January 2015, which peaked at No. 2 on the ARIA Singles Chart. His debut album, Thirty One, also reached No. 2 on the related ARIA Albums Chart. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2015, James won Best Pop Release for "Do You Remember".
Mangala Gowri Maduve
Mangala Gowri Maduve was an Indian Kannada language television drama series. It aired on Colors Kannada and is directed by K.S. Ramji. It is the sequel of Putta Gowri Maduve, premiered on 24 December 2012. This is the longest-running Kannada television series and one of the longest-running Indian TV serials. The series finale was aired on 9 October 2022 after eleven years on air.

Putta Gowri Maduve started off as a remake of Colors TV's Hindi drama Balika Vadhu, but later deviated from it entirely.

Originally Putta Gowri Maduve starred Ranjani Raghavan and Rakshith Gowda.

In 2018,  Kavya Shree and Gagan Chinappa became the main leads and the series was renamed to Mangala Gowri Maduve on 6 April 2019. In March 2019, Chandrakala Mohan playing Rajeshwari quit the series with the death of her character.

Balika Vadhu
Balika Vadhu (transl. The Child Bride) is an Indian soap opera that aired on Colors TV between 21 July 2008 to 31 July 2016 with 2,245 episodes. The story is set in rural Rajasthan and revolves around the life of a child bride from childhood to womanhood.
Nangō, Miyazaki (Minaminaka)
Nangō (南郷町, Nangō-chō) was a town located in Minaminaka District, Miyazaki, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,845 and the density of 187.51 persons per km2. The total area was 63.17 km2.

On March 30, 2009, Nangō, along with the town of Kitagō (also from Minaminaka District), was merged into the expanded city of Nichinan. Minaminaka District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

Nango literally means "south shire". The town is in the southern part of the former Obi Shire, Himuka.

Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture (宮崎県, Miyazaki-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.jaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ja.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.keɴ, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Miyazaki Prefecture has a population of 1,028,215 as of 1 January 2025 and has a geographic area of 7,735 km2 (2,986 sq mi). Miyazaki Prefecture borders Ōita Prefecture to the north, Kumamoto Prefecture to the northwest, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the southwest.

Miyazaki is the capital and largest city of Miyazaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Miyakonojō, Nobeoka, and Hyūga. Miyazaki Prefecture is located in southeastern Kyūshū on Japan's Pacific coast, with its coastline extending from Nobeoka near the entrance to the Bungo Channel to Shibushi Bay in Kushima.
Permutation polynomial
In mathematics, a permutation polynomial (for a given ring) is a polynomial that acts as a permutation of the elements of the ring, i.e. the map  is a bijection.  In case the ring is a finite field, the Dickson polynomials, which are closely related to the Chebyshev polynomials, provide examples.

Over a finite field, every function, so in particular every permutation of the elements of that field, can be written as a polynomial function.

In the case of finite rings Z/nZ, such polynomials have also been studied and applied in the interleaver component of error detection and correction algorithms.

Error detection and correction
In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunications, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many communication channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases.
Battle of Landshut (1809)
The Battle of Landshut took place on 21 April 1809 between the French, Württembergers (VIII Corps) and Bavarians (VII Corps) under Napoleon which numbered about 60,000 strong, and 40,000 Austrians under the General Johann von Hiller. The Austrians, though outnumbered, fought hard until Napoleon arrived, when the battle subsequently became a clear French victory. This battle was preceded by the first battle of Landshut (16 April 1809) between Archduke Louis's vanguard under Joseph Radetzky and Bernhard Deroy's Bavarian III Division, in which the Austrians forced the Bavarians to retreat, with little loss on both sides.

Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
Johann Josef Wenzel Anton Franz Karl, Graf Radetzky von Radetz (2 November 1766 – 5 January 1858) was a Czech nobleman and Austrian field marshal. He served as chief of the general staff in the Habsburg monarchy during the later period of the Napoleonic Wars and proved instrumental in the allied victory as one of the primary architects of the Trachenberg Plan and the Leipzig Campaign which led to the Battle of Leipzig. Afterwards, he embarked on military reforms of the Austrian army. His reputation was one of discipline and fairness; he was revered by his troops among whom he was known as Vater ('Father') Radetzky. He is best known for the victories at the Battles of Custoza (24–25 July 1848) and Novara (23 March 1849) during the First Italian War of Independence. Johann Strauss I's Radetzky March was commissioned to commemorate Radetzky's victory at the Battle of Custoza.
1994 World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships
The 1994 World Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships was the twentieth edition of the championships and was held in Ludwigshafen, Germany, from 15 to 22 May 1994.

Team competitions has been played in two independent groups. In men group A triumphed Slovenia, and among women, Germans. In group B, both among women and men, the Czechs won.
In the men pair competition won Romanians - Stelian Boariu and Vasia Donos. In single event triumphed Firedhelm Zänger and in combination Romanian Stelian Boariu.
In the women pair won Czechs - Vlastimila Cahová and Naděžda Dobešová. Naděžda Dobešová also won in single competition, while Hungarian Ágota Kovácsné Grampsch triumphed in combination.

Ludwigshafen
Ludwigshafen, officially Ludwigshafen am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌhaːfn̩ ʔam ˈʁaɪn] ⓘ; meaning "Ludwig's Port upon the Rhine"; Palatine German: Ludwichshafe or Lumpehafe), is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the river Rhine (Upper Rhine), opposite Mannheim. With Mannheim, Heidelberg, and the surrounding region, it forms the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region.

Known primarily as an industrial city, Ludwigshafen is home to BASF, the world's largest chemical producer, and other companies. Among its cultural facilities are the Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz.

It is the birthplace and death place of the former Chancellor of Germany, Helmut Kohl.

In 2012, Ludwigshafen was classified as a global city with 'Sufficiency' status by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC).
Yūshinron
"Yūshinron" (有心論; "Heart Theism") is a song by Japanese rock band Radwimps, released on July 26, 2006, as the second of three singles from the band's fourth album, Radwimps 4: Okazu no Gohan.

The song was popular enough to be certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan as a full-length cellphone download nine months after its release, one of four songs from Radwimps 4 to achieve this. The music video of the song was also awarded at the Space Shower Music Video Awards 2007, with the award for Best Art Direction.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
Acrocercops scandalota
Acrocercops scandalota is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from India (Karnataka).

The larvae feed on Mallotus philippinensis and Helicteres isora. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine has the form of  a blotch beneath the upper cuticle of the leaves. Several larvae are found in one mine.

Mallotus philippensis
Mallotus philippensis is a plant in the spurge family. It is known as the kamala tree or red kamala or kumkum tree, due to the fruit covering, which produces a red dye. However, it must be distinguished from kamala meaning "lotus" in many Indian languages, an unrelated plant, flower, and sometimes metonymic spiritual or artistic concept. Mallotus philippensis has many other local names. This kamala often appears in rainforest margins. Or in disturbed areas free from fire, in moderate to high rainfall areas.

It occurs in South Asia, Southeast Asia, as well as Afghanistan and Australia. The southernmost limit of natural distribution is Mount Keira, south of Sydney. The species name refers to the type specimen being collected in the Philippines, where it is known as banato.
Russian landing ship Ivan Rogov
Ivan Rogov (Russian: Иван Рогов) was a Ivan Rogov-class landing ship of the Russian Navy and part of the Pacific Fleet.

Named after the Soviet Navy officer Ivan Rogov, the ship was built in Kaliningrad and launched in 1977.  She was decommissioned in 1995 and subsequently scrapped.

Amphibious warfare ship
An amphibious warfare ship (or amphib) is an amphibious vehicle warship employed to land and support ground forces, such as marines, on enemy territory during an amphibious assault.

Specialized shipping can be divided into two types, most crudely described as ships and craft. In general, the ships carry the troops from the port of embarkation to the drop point for the assault and the craft carry the troops from the ship to the shore. Amphibious assaults taking place over short distances can also involve the shore-to-shore technique, where landing craft go directly from the port of embarkation to the assault point. Some tank landing ships may also be able to land troops and equipment directly onto shore after travelling long distances, such as the Ivan Rogov-class landing ship.
Ekaterina Sokirianskaia
Ekaterina Sokirianskaia (Russian: Екатерина Леонидовна Сокирянская; December 19, 1975) is a Russian human rights researcher, journalist, writer, professor of political science. Her researches dedicated mostly to the region of North Caucasus, where she worked at "Memorial", non-governmental  human rights center from 2003 to 2008 as researcher, and at the Grozny University, where she taught political science.

Chechen State University
Chechen State University (Chechen: Нохчийн пачхьалкхан университет, romanized: Noxçiyn paçẋalqan universitet; Russian: Чеченский государственный университет) is a university located in Grozny, Chechnya, Russia. The school is home to the North Caucasian Centre of Pedagogics. The university traces its roots back to 1938.
Malinauskas shadow ministry
The shadow ministry of Peter Malinauskas was the Labor Party opposition from April 2018 to March 2022, opposing the Marshall government of the Liberal Party in the Parliament of South Australia. It was led by Peter Malinauskas following his election as party leader and leader of the opposition on 9 April 2018 until the 2022 state election. The deputy leader of the shadow ministry during this period was Susan Close.

The shadow ministry transitioned to the Malinauskas ministry following Labor's victory at the 2022 state election.

Shadow cabinet of South Australia
The Opposition in the Australian state of South Australia comprises the largest non-Government party not in Parliament.  The Opposition's purpose is to hold the Government to account and constitute a "Government-in-waiting" should the existing Government fall. To that end, a Leader of the Opposition and Shadow Ministers for the various government departments question the Premier and Ministers on Government policy and administration, and formulate the policy the Opposition would pursue in Government. It is sometimes styled "His Majesty's Loyal Opposition" to demonstrate that although it opposes the Government, it remains loyal to the King.

The current Leader of the Opposition is South Australian Liberal Party Leader Ashton Hurn, and Josh Teague is the Deputy Leader.
Serua language
Serua is an extinct Austronesian language originally spoken on Serua Island in Maluku, Indonesia. Speakers were relocated to Seram due to volcanic activity on Serua. The language continues in communities in Waipia in Seram, where the islanders were resettled, along with those also from Nila and Teun. Here, the older generation retained the island language as a strong form of identity. It was found to be extinct in 2024.

At the end of World War II, many Seruans were relocated to the Netherlands. Having fought on the side of the Dutch during Indonesian independence, they became part of the KNIL resettlement. The TNS (Teun Nila Serua) groups maintain an island community in the Netherlands, but the language is not maintained.

Seram Island
Seram (formerly spelled Ceram; also Seran or Serang) is the largest and main island of Maluku province of Indonesia, despite Ambon Island's historical importance. It is located just north of the smaller Ambon Island and a few other adjacent islands, such as Saparua, Haruku, Nusa Laut and the Banda Islands.
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 17 (1955)
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 17 (1955) is the seventeenth volume of Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories, which is a series of short story collections, edited by Isaac Asimov and Martin H. Greenberg, which attempts to list the great science fiction stories from the Golden Age of Science Fiction. They date the Golden Age as beginning in 1939 and lasting until 1963. This volume was originally published by DAW books in January 1988.

Golden Age of Science Fiction
In the history of science fiction, the Golden Age is a period in which the genre is considered to have matured in American science fiction magazines, in particular Astounding Science Fiction—the period is usually referred to as the Golden Age of science fiction as a whole, though sometimes more specifically the Golden Age of Astounding. Its beginning is marked by John W. Campbell's assumption of the editorship of Astounding in the late 1930s. The end date is less agreed upon; it is often placed in the mid-1940s, though different definitions use dates ranging from 1941 to the early 1960s. Historiographically, the Golden Age follows the pulp era and precedes the New Wave.

Other eras have also been referred to as golden ages of science fiction in specific contexts. For instance, the 1950s are considered to be the golden age of science fiction cinema. A common humorous statement is that "The Golden Age of science fiction is twelve" years old, or thereabouts.