hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Consumer confidence
Consumer confidence is an economic indicator that measures the degree of optimism that consumers feel about the overall state of the economy and their personal financial situation. If the consumer has confidence in  the immediate and near future economy and his/her personal finance, then the consumer will spend more than save.

When consumer confidence is high, consumers make more purchases. When confidence is low, consumers tend to save more and spend less. A month-to-month trend in consumer confidence reflects the outlook of consumers with respect to their ability to find and retain good jobs according to their perception of the current state of the economy and their personal financial situation.

Consumer confidence typically increases when the economy expands, and decreases when the economy contracts. In the United States, there is evidence that the measure is a lagging indicator of stock market performance.

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
1891 women's tennis season
The 1891 Women's Tennis Season was a worldwide tennis circuit composed of 80 major, national, regional, provincial, state, county, metropolitan, city and regular tournaments.

The season began in January in Christchurch, New Zealand, and ended in December, in Napier, New Zealand.

New Zealand Championships
The New Zealand Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded in 1885 in Napier, New Zealand also known as the New Zealand National Lawn Tennis Championships or the  New Zealand Lawn Tennis Association Championships. The championships were organised by Tennis New Zealand, and played in various locations during its run that ended in 2020.
Bistrica, Novi Sad
Bistrica (Serbian Cyrillic: Бистрица), also known as Novo Naselje (Serbian Cyrillic: Ново Насеље), is an urban neighborhood of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. Bistrica (including Satelit) is one of the most populated urban areas of the city.

Veternik
Veternik (Serbian Cyrillic: Ветерник) is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia. Over the years, especially in the 1990s, it grew with size and inhabitants thus merging with Futog to the west and Novi Sad to the east.
Salix breviserrata
Salix breviserrata is a species of willow belonging to the family Salicaceae. It is found in southern Europe in the Alps, and in the Iberian Peninsula in the Cantabrian Mountains, especially in the Picos de Europa, Somiedo, and the Sierra and Valle del Híjar (Campoo Valley).

Picos de Europa
The Picos de Europa ("Peaks of Europe", also the Picos) are a mountain range extending for about 20 km (12 mi), forming part of the Cantabrian Mountains in northern Spain.
The range is situated in the Autonomous Communities of Asturias, Cantabria and Castile and León.
The highest peak is Torre de Cerredo, at an elevation of 2650 m (8,690 ft).
Winter Gardens, Blackpool
The Winter Gardens is a large entertainment complex in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, which includes a theatre, ballroom and conference facilities. Opened in 1878, it is a Grade II* listed building, operated by Blackpool Entertainment Company Limited on behalf of Blackpool Council, which purchased the property from Leisure Parcs Ltd as part of a £40 million deal in 2010.

The Winter Gardens has hosted the annual Trades Union Congress, the Conservative Party Conference, Labour Party Conference, and the twice-annual Liberal Democrat Conference. The venue's owners claim that every Prime Minister, since World War II has addressed an audience at the venue.

It has also hosted the Blackpool Dance Festival since its inception in 1920, and the World Matchplay darts tournament since 1994. The annual dance competitions Miss Dance of Great Britain and Dance Master UK are hosted there annually.

Trades Union Congress
The Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions that collectively represent most unionised workers in England and Wales. There are 48 affiliated unions with a total of about 5.5 million members. Paul Nowak is the TUC's current General Secretary, serving from January 2023.
Cleopatrodon
Cleopatrodon is an extinct genus of mammals in the order Ptolemaiida. Two species are known from the Lower Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation of modern-day Egypt: C. ayeshae, and the more powerfully built C. robusta. The genus is named for Cleopatra VII Philopator, the last Ptolemaic Queen of Egypt.

Rupelian
The Rupelian, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 33.9 and 27.3 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. The Rupelian is also known, informally, as the early Oligocene  and lower Oligocene.
Armijo
Armijo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Armijo (1926–2021), Costa Rican football player

Antonio Armijo (1804–1850), Mexican explorer and merchant

Christina Armijo (born 1951), American judge

Dolores Elizabeth “Lola” Chávez de Armijo (1858–1929), American librarian

José Gabriel de Armijo (1774–1830), Spanish-Mexican military commander

Manuel Armijo (c. 1793–1853), Governor of New Mexico prior to the American conquest in 1846–1848.

Perfecto Armijo (1845–1913), American frontier trader, store owner, probate judge, county sheriff, alderman, county treasurer and rancher

Perfecto Armijo
Perfecto Armijo (February 20, 1845 – September 23, 1913) was a native of New Mexico, where he became frontier trader, store owner, probate judge, county sheriff, alderman, county treasurer and rancher. He was also a Civil War colonel in the New Mexico militia. In Albuquerque, he befriended gunman Milton J. Yarberry, hired him as a county deputy, and helped him to gain an appointment as first town marshal. However, he was later forced to hang Yarberry for charges of murder, though he continued to plea his innocence, stating that "Yarberry should have been rewarded instead of punished" for the killings.
Francis Walsall
Francis Walsall was a priest in England during the 17th century.

Walsall was educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and was incorporated at Oxford in 1642. He held livings at Great Wigborough and Sandy. He was Archdeacon of Coventry from 1642  to 1661; and Prebendary of Westminster from 1660 to 1661.

Sandy, Bedfordshire
Sandy is a town and civil parish in Central Bedfordshire, England. It lies 8 miles (13 km) to the east of Bedford, 18 miles (29 km) to the south west of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of Central London. It had a population of 12,171 at the 2021 census.

The town takes its name from a low range of sandy hills on the eastern side of the town, which form part of the Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge. The main part of the built-up area lies between the hills to the east and the River Ivel to the west. The A1 road skirts the western edge of the town. Sandy railway station is on the Great Northern route between London and Peterborough, with the railway running along the eastern edge of the built-up area. The parish also includes the hamlet of Beeston, which straddles the A1 to the south-west of the town.

The headquarters of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is at The Lodge at Sandy Warren in the hills to the east of the town, where it has been based since 1961.
Albegna
The Albegna is a river in southern Tuscany, the sources of which are located in province of Grosseto on the southern side of Monte Buceto, the southwestern part of the volcanic cone of Mount Amiata, along with the northern side of Monte Aquilaia, and the Riserva Poggio all'Olmo.

The river goes downstream initially heading south, passing first from the town of Roccalbegna and moving later into the western part of the municipality of Semproniano, downstream to Rocchette di Fazio, and crossing the Bosco dei Rocconi Natural Reserve. Soon after, it enters the town of Manciano and, near the village of Saturnia, it turns right towards the south-west. Once it reaches the town of Marsiliana, it forms the dell'Albegna plain.

The river flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea near the town of Albinia, bordered on the north by the tombolo of Giannella which combines Monte Argentario to the mainland.

Albinia
Albinia is a town in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Orbetello, province of Grosseto, in the Tuscan Maremma. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 2,567 and it is the most populous hamlet in Orbetello municipality.

Albinia is easily reached from Via Aurelia - it's about 33 km from Grosseto and 10 km from Orbetello - and from the Pisa-Grosseto-Rome railway thanks to its own station.
Anna Milenina
Anna Alexandrovna Milenina (Russian: Анна Александровна Миленина, née Burmistrova; born 15 July 1986) is a Russian Paralympic biathlete and cross-country skier. She was born with Erb's palsy which resulted in her left arm being paralyzed.

She was named Honoured Master of Sport for her efforts at the 2010 Paralympic Games.

Unified Sports Classification System of Russia
Unified All-Russian Sports Classification (Russian: Единая всероссийская спортивная классификация) is a system which regulates the Russian physical education system requirements for both athletes and coaches.
BM-30 Smerch
The BM-30 Smerch (Russian: Смерч, lit. 'tornado', 'whirlwind'), 9K58 Smerch or 9A52-2 Smerch-M is a heavy self-propelled 300 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union to fire a full load of 12 solid-fuelled projectiles. The system is intended to defeat personnel, armored, and soft targets in concentration areas, artillery batteries, command posts and ammunition depots. It was designed in the early 1980s and entered service in the Soviet Army in 1989. When first observed by the West in 1983, it received the code MRL 280mm M1983. It continues in use by Russia; a program to replace it with the Tornado-S began in 2018.

Soft target
A "soft target" is a person, thing, or location that is easily accessible to the general public and relatively unprotected, making it vulnerable to military strikes, terrorism, car bombs, or crimes such as vehicle-ramming attacks or mass shootings. By contrast, a "hard target" is heavily defended or not accessible to the general public.
WBNV
WBNV (93.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to Barnesville, Ohio, United States, the station serves the Wheeling area. The station is currently owned by Joel Losego, through licensee AVC Communications, Inc.

Barnesville, Ohio
Barnesville is a village in Belmont County, Ohio, United States. It is located in the central portion of Warren Township. The population was 4,008 at the 2020 census. Barnesville is part of the Wheeling metropolitan area.
Marc Morris (historian)
Marc Morris  (born 1973) is a British historian, who has also presented a television series, Castle, on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom, and wrote the book that accompanied the series. His 2005 book on the earls of the Bigod family was praised for its "impeccable research and fluent sense of narration".

He was educated at Oakwood Park Grammar School, King's College London and the University of Oxford. At Oxford, he was a student of the Faculty of Modern History and Merton College, Oxford. His Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree was awarded in 2004 for a doctoral thesis title "The Bigod earls of Norfolk in the thirteenth century".

Faculty of History, University of Oxford
The Faculty of History is an academic department of the Humanities Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom. It focuses on the teaching and research of medieval and modern history.

Medieval and modern history has been taught at Oxford for longer than at virtually any other university, and the first Regius Professor of Modern History was appointed in 1724. The Faculty is part of the Humanities Division, and has been based at the Stephen A. Schwarzman Centre for the Humanities since 2025, while the department's library relocated from the former Indian Institute on Catte Street to the Bodleian Library's Radcliffe Camera in August 2012.
Harenaichthys
Harenaichthys is an extinct genus of osteoglossiform fish that lived in Mongolia during the Late Cretaceous and was found in the Nemegt Formation. The type species is H. lui and is based solely on the holotype, which consists of partial skull parts, isolated and articulated centra, and an articulated caudal fin preserved together within a single sandstone block. The monospecific assemblages of Harenaichthys were affected by the high altitude of their habitat and the fossils show signs of pathologies caused by diseases while the animals were still alive.

Kim et al. (2022) compared a fish centrum found with the holotype of the theropod dinosaur Raptorex kriegsteini with Harenaichthys lui and Xixiaichthys tongxinensis, and interpreted their findings as supporting the conclusion that the holotype of R. kriegsteini comes from the Nemegt Formation. They also tentatively assigned the centrum to Harenaichthys.

Nemegt Formation
The Nemegt Formation (also known as Nemegtskaya Svita) is a geological formation in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, dating to the Late Cretaceous. The formation consists of river channel sediments and contains fossils of fish, turtles, crocodilians, and a diverse fauna of dinosaurs, including birds.
Yoga Wii
Yoga Wii is a fitness video game for the Wii home console, developed by Indian studio Trine Games and published by JoWooD Entertainment. Using the Wii Balance Board, and featuring tips and videos from Polish model Anja Rubik, Yoga guides the subject through 30 yoga positions in a variety of virtual Asian settings using an interactive "Yoga Guru". Positions include the lotus position, tāḍāsana, śavāsana, and naṭarājāsana. Yoga was released November 2009.

Tadasana
Tadasana (Sanskrit: ताड़ासन, romanized: Tāḍāsana), Mountain pose or Samasthiti (Sanskrit: समस्थिति; IAST: samasthitiḥ) is a standing asana in modern yoga as exercise; it is not described in medieval hatha yoga texts. It is the basis for several other standing asanas.
Climate change in the Americas
For details on climate change in North America, please see:

Climate change in Canada

Climate change in the Caribbean

Climate change in Greenland

Climate change in Grenada

Climate change in Guatemala

Climate change in Honduras

Climate change in Mexico

Climate change in Nicaragua

Climate change in the United States

For details on climate change in South America, please see:

Climate change in Argentina

Climate change in Brazil

Climate of Chile

Climate change in Colombia

Climate change in Ecuador

Climate change in Guyana

Climate change in Paraguay

Climate change in Peru

Climate change in Suriname

Climate change in Uruguay

Climate change in Venezuela

Climate change in Guatemala
Climate change in Guatemala is a serious issue as Guatemala is considered one of 10 nations most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In 2010, Guatemala "ranked second in the world on the Global Climate Risk Index, which indicates the level of exposure and vulnerability to extreme events." Both commercial agricultural production and subsistence farming have declined, and thus subsistence farmers find it more difficult to find work as day laborers when their own harvests fail.  About 300,000 subsistence farmers reported crop loss due to drought in 2018. About half of Guatemala's workforce is in the agricultural sector. Poor crop yields due to climate change have been identified as a factor in migration to the United States.
Fuck You (film)
Fuck You is a Swedish short comedy film, directed by Anette Sidor and released in 2018. The film stars Yandeh Sallah as Alice, a young woman who turns the tables on her boyfriend Johannes (Martin Schaub) after he treats her in a sexist manner in public, with the help of a stolen dildo.

The cast also includes Astrid Plynning, Tj Miansangi, Jerry Lindh, Omeya Lundqvist-Simbizi, Richard Smidestam, Alex Hormigo and Jack Blossby.

The film premiered in January 2018 at the Gothenburg Film Festival. It was later screened at the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention for the Best International Short Film award.

Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best International Short Film
The Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best International Short Film is an annual film award, presented by the Toronto International Film Festival to a film judged to be the best short film by an international filmmaker at the festival. The award was presented for the first time in 2014.
Acrijos
Acrijos is a village of municipality San Pedro Manrique in the province of Soria, Spain. At the end of 1966 the population of the village fled away due to the pressure induced by ICONA, the National Institute for Forestal recovery that had bought the land surrounding the village.

At the same time other villages in the neighbouring area, like Sarnago, Vea, Villarijo, Valdemoro, Buvanco, Armejun and Fuentevella lost their inhabitants for the same reason.

The descendants of the original population meet over summer and keep a virtual village.

Province of Soria
The Province of Soria (Spanish: Provincia de Soria) is a province of central Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. Most of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. It is bordered by the provinces of La Rioja, Zaragoza, Guadalajara, Segovia, and Burgos.

With a population of 90,183, it is the least populous province of Spain, as well as the least densely populated with a density of less than 9 inhabitants/km2, one of the lowest in the European Union.
Yaşma
40°42′11″N 49°28′37″E﻿ / ﻿40.70306°N 49.47694°E﻿ / 40.70306; 49.47694

Yaşma (also, Iachma, Jaschma, and Yashma) is a village in the Khizi Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Şuraabad.

Khizi District
Khizi District (Azerbaijani: Xızı rayonu) is one of the 67 districts of Azerbaijan. Located in the east of the country, it belongs to the Absheron-Khizi Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Siyazan, Shabran, Quba, Shamakhi, Gobustan, and Absheron-Khizi. Its capital and largest city is Khizi. As of 2020, the district had a population of 17,100, making it the least populated district of Azerbaijan.
2021 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2021 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Mountain West Conference. It was held on March 10–13, 2021 at the Thomas & Mack Center on the campus of University of Nevada, Las Vegas, in Las Vegas, Nevada. The tournament champion, San Diego State, received the Mountain West's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.

Thomas & Mack Center
The Thomas & Mack Center is a multi-purpose arena  on the campus of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in Paradise, Nevada. It is home of the UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball team of the Mountain West Conference.
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Youth League
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Youth League (EPRYL) was a youth organization in Ethiopia. EPRYL was the youth wing of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP). After the 1974 revolution, a significant anti-Derg/pro-EPRP movement had emerged from the high school students in the student movement, out of which EPRP created EPRYL. EPRYL membership was open to youth aged 15 to 25 years. EPRYL was the most significant mass organization of EPRP. The organization was decimated in the Red Terror.

Red Terror (Ethiopia)
The Ethiopian Red Terror, also known as the Qey Shibir (Amharic: ቀይ ሽብር, romanized: ḳäy shəbbər), was a violent political repression campaign of the Derg against other competing Marxist-Leninist groups in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1976 to 1978. The Qey Shibir was an attempt to consolidate Derg rule during the political instability after their overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974 and the subsequent Ethiopian Civil War. The Qey Shibir was based on the Red Terror of the Russian Civil War, and most visibly took place after Mengistu Haile Mariam became chairman of the Derg on 3 February 1977. It is estimated that 10,000 to 980,000 people were killed over the course of the Qey Shibir.

In 2006, Mengistu was convicted of genocide in absentia by Ethiopia for his role in the Qey Shibir while leader of the Derg.
Battle of Kutná Hora
The Battle of Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg) was an early battle and subsequent campaign in the Hussite Wars, fought on 21 December 1421 between German and Hungarian troops of the Holy Roman Empire and the Hussites, an early ecclesiastical reformist group that was founded in what is now the Czech Republic.

In 1419, Pope Martin V declared a crusade against the Hussites. One branch of the Hussites, known as the Taborites, formed a religious-military community at Tábor. Under the leadership of the talented general Jan Žižka, the Taborites adopted the latest weaponry available, including handguns, long, thin cannons, nicknamed "snakes", and war wagons. Their adoption of the latter gave them the ability to fight a flexible and mobile style of warfare. Originally employed as a measure of last resort, its effectiveness against the royal cavalry turned field artillery into firm part of Hussite armies.

Pope Martin V
Pope Martin V (Latin: Martinus V; Italian: Martino V; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born Oddone Colonna, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431. His election effectively ended the Western Schism of 1378–1417. As of 2026, he remains the last pope to have taken the pontifical name "Martin".
Atlanta campaign order of battle
The order of battle for the Atlanta campaign includes:

for the period of May 7 – July 17, 1864:
Atlanta campaign order of battle: First phase, Confederate
Atlanta campaign order of battle: First phase, Union

for the period July 17 – September 8, 1864:
Atlanta campaign order of battle: Second phase, Confederate
Atlanta campaign order of battle: Second phase, Union

Atlanta campaign order of battle: First phase, Union
The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Atlanta campaign of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the campaign.

This order of battle covers the period of May 7 – July 17, 1864.  The period July 17 – September 8, 1864, is listed separately.
Kulajda
Kulajda is a Czech cuisine soup. One version is made with sour cream, potatoes, dill and quail egg. Mushrooms are also an important ingredient of the soup.

In some regions another sour mushroom based Czech soup kyselo is mistaken named as kulajda. The difference is that kyselo uses sourdough  and (most of the time) neither sour cream nor milk.

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.