hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methenamine/sodium salicylate
Methenamine/sodium salicylate, sold under the brand name Cystex among others, is a combination drug comprising methenamine and sodium salicylate. Methenamine serves as a urinary antiseptic and antibacterial agent, while sodium salicylate is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and analgesic. The combination is used for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Kelvin Moyo
Kelvin Njabulo Moyo (born 3 April 1993) is a Zimbabwean footballer who plays as a center-back for Bulawayo Chiefs and the Zimbabwe national football team.

In February 2022, Zimbabwean international central defender, Kelvin Moyo joined Bulawayo Chiefs from the most successful club in Zambia, giants Nkana FC where he spend six months with them.

Zimbabwe national football team
The Zimbabwe national football team (nicknamed The Warriors) represents Zimbabwe in men's international football and is controlled by the Zimbabwe Football Association (ZIFA), formerly known as the Football Association of Rhodesia. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations six times. Zimbabwe has also won the COSAFA Cup six times. The team represents both FIFA and the Confederation of African Football (CAF).
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol (IUPAC name: 4-methylpentan-2-ol) or methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) is an organic chemical compound used primarily as a frother in mineral flotation and in the production of lubricant oil additives such as zinc dithiophosphate. It is also used as a solvent, in organic synthesis, and in the manufacture of brake fluid and as a precursor to some plasticizers. It is an acetone derivative in liquid state, with limited solubility in water but generally miscible with most organic solvents.

Brake fluid
Brake fluid is a type of hydraulic fluid used in hydraulic brake and hydraulic clutch applications in automobiles, motorcycles, light trucks, and some bicycles. It is used to transfer force into pressure, and to amplify braking force. It works because liquids are not appreciably compressible.

Most brake fluids used today are glycol-ether based, but mineral oil (Citroën/Rolls-Royce liquide hydraulique minéral (LHM)) and silicone-based (DOT 5) fluids are also available.

The origins of modern braking systems date back to 1917, when Malcolm Lockheed patented a hydraulic actuated braking system. Initially, vegetable oil was used as a working fluid. But it did not meet the most basic requirements, and in the process of evolution, special brake fluids were created, which consist of a base and a package of additives (thickeners, anti-corrosion additives, colorants).
Western Odisha
20°35′N 84°28′E﻿ / ﻿20.58°N 84.47°E﻿ / 20.58; 84.47
Western Odisha is the western part of the state of Odisha in India, extending from the Kalahandi district in the south to the Sundargarh district in the north.

Somavamshi dynasty
The Somavamshi (IAST: Somavaṃśī, "Lunar dynasty") or Keshari (IAST: Keśarī) dynasty ruled parts of present-day Odisha in eastern India between the 9th and the 12th centuries. Their capitals included Yayatinagara (modern Binka) and Abhinava-Yayatinagara (modern Jajpur).

The Somavamshis may have been related to the Panduvamshis, who ruled the Dakshina Kosala region in central India. They were probably driven out from this region by the Kalachuris, following which they conquered the Kalinga and the Utkala regions in present-day Odisha, supplanting the Bhauma-Karas.

The Somavamshis introduced a new style of art and architecture in Odisha, and their rule saw a remarkable shift from Buddhism to Hinduism in the region. The Somavamshi rule ended in the early 12th century, when the Eastern Ganga ruler Anantavarman Chodaganga captured their territories.
Montana Skies
Montana Skies is cello-and-guitar musician duo from Georgia.

Their name is a metaphor for musical freedom, and they follow their creative instincts beyond traditional boundaries. In concert, they play music from Pink Floyd and Rush to Vivaldi and "The House of the Rising Sun, as well as original works that have been featured on NPR and Travel Channel. Montana Skies has toured across the United States as well as Canada, Asia, and Russia. Their music combines elements of classical technique, jazz improv, and rock n' roll. Member Jonathan plays the guitar, and member Jennifer plays the electric cello.

The House of the Rising Sun
"The House of the Rising Sun" is an American traditional folk song, sometimes called "Rising Sun Blues". It tells of a person's life gone wrong in the city of New Orleans.  Many versions also urge a sibling or parents and children to avoid the same fate. The most successful commercial version, recorded in 1964 by the English rock band The Animals, was a number one hit on the UK Singles Chart and in the U.S. and Canada. As a traditional folk song recorded by an electric rock band, it has been described as the "first folk rock hit".

The song was first collected in Appalachia in the 1930s, but probably has its roots in traditional English folk song. It is listed as number 6393 in the Roud Folk Song Index.
Mederer
Mederer GmbH is the fourth largest manufacturer of gummi candy in Germany behind Haribo, Storck and Katjes. Mederer´s most popular brand is Trolli, a brand launched in 1975. Mederer GmbH also owns several other brands, notably Efrutti, Sugarland and Gummi Bear Factory.

The company was founded in 1948.

Altogether, these brands produce gummi candy, licorice and marshmallows in well over one hundred shapes, sizes and flavors.

Mederer employs roughly 2500 people in factories and offices located in Germany, China, Spain, Czech Republic, United States.

Storck
August Storck KG (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊɡʊst ˈʃtoːɐ̯k]) is a German confectionery producer, headquartered in Berlin, owned by Axel Oberwelland. The main facility of Storck in Germany is in Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia, with another located in Skanderborg, Denmark, and one in Ohrdruf, Germany. In 2022, the company was the second largest confectionery producer in Germany in terms of sales, and number 13 in the world.
Mark Joseph (singer)
Mark Joseph (born Mark Joseph Muzsnyai, 1981)  is an English musician. He was educated at William Austin Junior School in Luton. He became known in 2003 with his single "Get Through", and has achieved four UK top 40 hit singles.

Joseph released his debut single "Get Through" in February 2003, which charted at No. 38 on the UK Singles Chart. His second single, "Fly" reached No. 28. Joseph's debut album, Scream, did not register on the UK Albums Chart, but a further two singles were released which charted, "Bringing Back Those Memories" (UK #34) and "Lady Lady" (UK #36).

He has appeared on T4 and Never Mind the Buzzcocks.

He also sang backing vocals on the recording of the Mod Aid 20 charity record "Whatcha Gonna Do About It", appearing on the recording with Ron Wood, PP Arnold, Ocean Colour Scene’s Steve Cradock, Reg Presley and Chris Farlowe.

Steve Cradock
Stephen Cradock (born 22 August 1969) is an English guitarist, most notable for playing in the rock group Ocean Colour Scene. Cradock also plays the guitar in Paul Weller's band, having appeared on all of Weller's solo records following his self-titled debut solo album. Cradock began playing lead guitar for British ska band The Specials in 2014.

Cradock's playing style has been described as having a "distinctive retro sound". Cradock's influences include The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. Cradock, also known as Fanny or Chopper, also plays keyboards, bass guitar and drums.
Nansen Ice Sheet
Nansen Ice Sheet (74°53′S 163°10′E﻿ / ﻿74.883°S 163.167°E﻿ / -74.883; 163.167) is a 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) long by 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) wide ice shelf. 
It is nourished by the Priestley and Reeves Glaciers and abuts the north side of the Drygalski Ice Tongue, along the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. This feature was explored by the South Magnetic Polar Party of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1907-09 and by the Northern Party of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. Frank Debenham, geologist with the latter expedition, applied the name Nansen Sheet as the feature is adjacent to Mount Nansen, the dominating summit in the area.

Frank Debenham
Frank Debenham, OBE (26 December 1883 – 23 November 1965) was Emeritus Professor of Geography at the Department of Geography, Cambridge University and first director of the Scott Polar Research Institute.
Harvey Elementary School
There are a number of Elementary schools named Harvey Elementary School:

Harvey Elementary School (Santa Ana, California)

Harvey Elementary School (Ronan, Montana)

Harvey Elementary School - (Harvey Station, New Brunswick)

Harvey Elementary School (Kenosha, Wisconsin)

Harvey, New Brunswick
Harvey is a community in York County, in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, formerly an incorporated village but now part of an incorporated rural community of the same name. It is often called Harvey Station.

Situated at the southeastern end of Harvey Lake, the village is approximately 35 km southwest of Fredericton.  The lake was originally known as Bear Lake, then for a time as Big Cranberry Lake, and finally after 1869, as Harvey Lake, when the community that eventually would become Harvey Station was established at the intersection of the "Great Road"  and the newly built railway line (see below).

The area south of the village includes the Parish of Manners Sutton, which was the original Harvey Settlement founded in 1837.

On 1 January 2023, Harvey annexed parts of five local service districts and devolved to an incorporated rural community; revised census figures have not been released.
DD Audio
DD Audio, formerly Digital Designs, is an American manufacturer of high-end consumer audio products. They produce home and mobile audio products including subwoofers and loudspeaker serving the sound quality and sound pressure categories of the mobile audio market. Nearly all of their products are handmade in the United States.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Nanorrhinum kuriense
Nanorrhinum kuriense is a species of plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is an annual native to the islands of Abd al Kuri and Samhah in Yemen's Socotra Archipelago. It grows on dry rocky slopes, and on open sandy plains often in the shade of boulders, from sea level to 500 metres elevation.

Abd al Kuri
Abd al Kuri (Arabic: عبد الكوري) is a rocky island in the Guardafui Channel. As a part of the Socotra Archipelago Governorate of Yemen, it lies about 65 miles (105 km) southwest of the main island of Socotra. Its terrain primarily consists of granite and diorite covered with limestone.
Joe Frogger
The Joe Frogger is a type of cookie that has been popular in New England since the late 18th century. It is flavored with molasses, rum, and spices (ginger, allspice, nutmeg, cloves) and has a soft, chewy center. Because the cookies kept well they could be taken on long sea voyages, and so became popular with fishermen and sailors. The original cookies were the size of pancakes and were cooked in an iron skillet; those made today are typically smaller, and baked in an oven.

Allspice
Allspice, also known as Jamaica pepper, myrtle pepper, pimenta, or pimento, is the dried unripe berry of Pimenta dioica, a midcanopy tree native to the Greater Antilles, southern Mexico, and Central America, now cultivated in many warm parts of the world. The name allspice was coined as early as 1621 by the English, who valued it as a spice that combined the flavours of cinnamon, nutmeg, and clove. Contrary to common misconception, it is not a mixture of spices.

Several unrelated fragrant shrubs are called "Carolina allspice" (Calycanthus floridus), "Japanese allspice" (Chimonanthus praecox), or "wild allspice" (Lindera benzoin).
Hanhee Paik
Hanhee Paik is a South Korean experimental quantum computing researcher who works for IBM Research at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center, where she helps develop superconducting devices for storing and operating on qubits.

IBM Research
IBM Research is the research and development division for IBM, an American multinational information technology company. IBM Research is headquartered at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, near IBM headquarters in Armonk, New York. It is the largest industrial research organization in the world with operations in over 170 countries and twelve laboratories on six continents.

IBM employees have garnered six Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, 20 inductees into the U.S. National Inventors Hall of Fame, 19 National Medals of Technology, five National Medals of Science and three Kavli Prizes. As of 2018, the company had generated more patents than any other business in each of 25 consecutive years.
2025 EFL League Two play-off final
The 2025 EFL League Two play-off final was an association football match which was played on 26 May 2025 at Wembley Stadium, London, to determine the fourth and final team to gain promotion from EFL League Two, the fourth tier of English football, to EFL League One. The top three teams of 2024–25 EFL League Two, Doncaster Rovers, Port Vale and Bradford City, gained automatic promotion to League One, while the clubs placed from fourth to seventh in the table – Walsall, Wimbledon, Notts County and Chesterfield – took part in the 2025 EFL play-offs. The winners of the play-off semi-finals, AFC Wimbledon and Walsall, competed for the final place for the 2025–26 season in League One.

Wimbledon won the game 1–0 and were promoted to play in League One for the 2025–26 League One season.

2024–25 EFL League Two
The 2024–25 EFL League Two (referred to as the Sky Bet League Two for sponsorship purposes) was the 21st season of the EFL League Two under its current title and the 33rd season under its current league division format. The season commenced on 9 August 2024.

The 2024–25 season consisted of 36 weekend rounds, six midweek rounds, and four bank holiday matchweeks.
Donkey Squads (Korean War)
The Donkeys were a partisan force during the Korean War that consisted of anti-communist North Korean defectors who engaged in guerrilla warfare, long-range penetration, and search and rescue POWs. The fighters were formed under the United Nations Partisan Infantry Forces. Guerrillas had a huge impact on the United States effort in North Korea. In the end, these partisan forces conducted 4,445 actions in North Korea that led to the capture of 950 prisoners, 5,000 weapons, 2,700 destroyed vehicles, 80 bridges demolished, 69,000 casualties (dead and wounded), 3,189 guerrilla deaths, and only four American advisers were KIA.  Furthermore, according to the 5th Air Force, of the 93 pilots who had been shot down and evaded capture between July 1950 and January 1952, guerrilla fighters rescued 29.

Partisan (military)
A partisan (or partizan) is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements. The most common use in present parlance in several languages refers to occupation resistance fighters during World War II, especially under the Yugoslav partisan leader Josip Broz Tito.
The Time Ships
The Time Ships is a 1995 hard science fiction novel by Stephen Baxter. A canonical sequel to the 1895 novella The Time Machine by H. G. Wells, it was officially authorized by the Wells estate to mark the centenary of the original's publication. The Time Ships won critical acclaim. It won the John W. Campbell Memorial Award and the Philip K. Dick Award in 1996, as well as the British Science Fiction Association Award in 1995. It was also nominated for the Hugo, Clarke and Locus Awards in 1996.

Philip K. Dick Award
The Philip K. Dick Award is an American science fiction award given annually at Norwescon and sponsored by the Philadelphia Science Fiction Society and (since 2005) the Philip K. Dick Trust.  Named after science fiction writer Philip K. Dick, it has been awarded since 1983, the year after his death.  It is awarded to the best original paperback published each year in the US.

The award was founded by Thomas Disch with assistance from David G. Hartwell, Paul S. Williams, and Charles N. Brown. As of 2025, it is administered by Pat LoBrutto, John Silbersack, and Gordon Van Gelder.  Past administrators include Algis Budrys and David G. Hartwell.
Mythologia Fennica
Mythologia Fennica (lit. 'Finnish Mythology') is a 1789 book on Finnish mythology written in Swedish by Kristfrid Ganander, a Finnish priest.

Mythologia Fennica contains 430 entries in alphabetical order from "AARNI" to "YRJÄNÄ". Entries cover Finnish mythology, folk poetry, spells, Sámi mythology, and the Norse gods.

The work influenced Elias Lönnrot, compiler of the epic Kalevala; as a result, Ganander has been later perceived as a kind of "Lönnrot before Lönnrot."

Sámi shamanism
Traditional Sámi spiritual practices and beliefs are based on a type of animism, polytheism, and what anthropologists may consider shamanism. The religious traditions can vary considerably from region to region within Sápmi.

Traditional Sámi religion is generally considered to be Animism. The Sámi belief that all significant natural objects (such as animals, plants, rocks, etc.) possess a soul, and from a polytheistic perspective, traditional Sámi beliefs include a multitude of spirits. Sámi traditional beliefs and practices commonly emphasizes veneration of the dead and of animal spirits. The relationship with the local animals that sustain the people, such as the reindeer, are very important to the kin-group.
Elías Piña Province
Elías Piña (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈli.as ˈpiɲa]) is one of the 32 provinces of the Dominican Republic, located in the westernmost part of the country, along the border with Haiti. It is divided into 6 municipalities and its capital city is Comendador. The Cordillera Central ("Central mountain chain") is found in the northern part of the province, and the Sierra de Neiba runs across the southern half. Between those two mountain ranges, there are several valleys formed by the Artibonite River and its tributaries.

It was created on 1942 with the name San Rafael. In 1965, its name was changed to Estrelleta and, finally, in 1972 it got its current name. It was a municipio of the San Juan province before being elevated to the category of province.

Cordillera Central, Dominican Republic
The Cordillera Central is the highest mountain range in the Dominican Republic and in all of the Caribbean, running through the center of the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles. It is connected to the Massif du Nord mountain range in neighboring Haiti.
Dichrorampha consortana
Dichrorampha consortana is a moth belonging to the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1852.

It is native to Europe and across the Palearctic.
The wingspan is 9–12 mm. The species of the genus Dichrorampha are often difficult to distinguish from each other on external appearance, genitalic preparations are needed to determine the species with certainty. This species is smaller and darker than the related species. The forewings seem a little "unclean" grey-brown and do not have silvery lines at the front edge, however, some small white spots. The species lacks small black spots along the outer edge of the forewing.

The larvae live not in the roots, as do most Dichrorampha but in the upper part of the stem and inside the flower heads. The adults fly in June–July.

James Francis Stephens
James Francis Stephens (16 September 1792 – 22 December 1852) was an English entomologist and naturalist. He is known for his 12 volume Illustrations of British Entomology (1846) and the Manual of British Beetles (1839).
USS Cimarron (AO-177)
USS Cimarron (AO-177) was the lead ship of the Cimarron-class of fleet oilers of the United States Navy. Cimarron was built at the Avondale Shipyards in New Orleans, Louisiana (USA) starting in 1978 and was commissioned in 1981 for service in the Pacific Fleet. Commissioned at the Naval Supply Center, 10 January 1981, in Oakland, California. The oiler was home ported in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The total cost for the ship was $136.7 million.

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
Harald Hammarström
Harald Hammarström (born 1977 in Västerås, Sweden) is a Swedish linguist. He is currently an Associate Senior Lecturer at Uppsala University. Hammarström is especially known for his extensive work on curating Glottolog, a bibliographic database of the world's languages.

Hammarström has previously been employed as a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena, Germany and at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, in Nijmegen, Netherlands.

His wide-ranging research interests include the historical linguistics and linguistic typology of South America, Africa, and Melanesia.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).