hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
V. Sivalingam
V. Sivalingam was a Sri Lankan academic and physician. He was the founder of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Peradeniya and the first Professor of Parasitology of the University of Ceylon.

Educated at the Royal College Colombo, he studied medicine at the Colombo Medical College. He specialized in parasitology at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine of the University of London. Sivalingam spent much of his career at the Colombo Medical College as lecturer and senior professor before moving to Peradeniya after his retirement to set up the 'Second Medical School' in Sri Lanka.

His son, Professor S. Mahalingam, was the former Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the University of Peradeniya.

University of Peradeniya
The University of Peradeniya (Sinhala: පේරාදෙණිය විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය, Tamil: பேராதனைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்) is a public university in Sri Lanka, funded by the University Grants Commission. It is the largest university in Sri Lanka, which was originally established as the University of Ceylon in 1942. The university was officially opened on 20 April 1954, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

The University of Peradeniya hosts nine faculties, four postgraduate institutes (including the newly added Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences), 20 centres and units, 73 departments, and teaches about 12,000 students in the fields of Medicine, Agriculture, Arts, Science, Engineering, Dental Sciences, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Management, and Allied Health Sciences. It claims to have the largest government endowment by a higher education institution in Sri Lanka, based on its large staff and faculties/departments.
Lotta (river)
The Lotta (Finnish: Luttojoki or Lutto, Northern Sami: Lotto or Lohttu, Skolt Sami: Lått, Russian: Лотта and Norwegian: Lotta) is a river that is part of the watercourse of the Tuloma. It flows through the eastern parts of the municipalities of Inari and Sodankylä in Finland and in the southern part of Pechenga in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Before the Pechenga area was ceded to the Russians, the entire river was within Finland's borders.

The Lutto starts from a small lake, Lake Lutto, in the northern part of the village of Saariselkä. From there, the river flows eastward, occasionally hugging the border between Inari and Sodankylä. Near Raja-Jooseppi, it enters Russia, turns northeast and empties into the western side of the Verkhnetulomskoye Reservoir, which is drained by the river Tuloma. The river's most significant tributary on the Finnish side of the border is the Suomu.

Лотта is also a nickname for Russian road 47А-059.

Saariselkä
Saariselkä (Inari Sami: Suáluiščielgi; Northern Sami: Suoločielgi; lit. 'island-ridge') is a fell area in Lapland, northern Finland. It is located in the Inari, Savukoski and Sodankylä municipalities. The highest point is 718 meters (2,356 ft) high Mt Sokosti. The range is mostly two-billion-year-old granulite. The last ice age ended 9500 years ago in Saariselkä.
Mampaey The Hawks
The Hawks is a Dutch baseball club based in Dordrecht. They play their home games at Sportpark Krommedijk. The club currently has roughly 170 members.

The club was founded in 1959 by Daam Hogendijk, a physical education teacher. The team moved to its current facility on the Krommedijk in 1977. The Hawks participated in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse, the top baseball league of the Netherlands, from 2013 to 2015.

Honkbal Hoofdklasse
The Honkbal Hoofdklasse (Dutch for Major League Baseball) is the highest level of professional baseball in the Netherlands. It is an eight-team league overseen by the Royal Netherlands Baseball and Softball Federation (KNBSB).

Games are played principally on weekends with one game during the week. The season runs from April to September and is followed by the playoffs among the four best teams, which culminates in the Holland Series. Both of the playoff rounds are best-of-five. The league followed a promotion and relegation system with the Honkbal Overgangsklasse until 2022. Many of the official team nicknames have contained the name of the club's sponsor.

The top two teams each year participated in the European Cup until that tournament restructured in 2024.
Matthew 2:9
Matthew 2:9 is the ninth verse of the second chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. King Herod has dispatched the magi to Bethlehem to find the infant Jesus. In this verse they follow the Star of Bethlehem to find the infant.

Glossa Ordinaria
The Glossa Ordinaria, which is Latin for "Ordinary [i.e. in a standard form] Gloss", is a collection of biblical commentaries in the form of glosses. The glosses are drawn mostly from the Church Fathers, but the text was arranged by scholars during the twelfth century. The Gloss is called "ordinary" to distinguish it from other gloss commentaries. In origin, it is not a single coherent work, but a collection of independent commentaries which were revised over time. The Glossa ordinaria was a standard reference work into the Early Modern period, although it was supplemented by the Postills attributed to Hugh of St Cher and the commentaries of Nicholas of Lyra.
Zolotnik
A zolotnik (Russian: золотни́к, abbr.: zol.) is an obsolete Russian unit of weight, equal to 0.1505 avoirdupois ounces, 0.13715 troy ounce, or 4.2658 grams (about 65.83 grains).  Used from the 10th to 20th centuries, its name is derived from the Russian word зо́лото /zóloto/, meaning gold. As a unit, the zolotnik was the standard for silver manufacture, much as the troy ounce is currently used for gold and other precious metals.

This unit was originally based on a coin of the same name. The zolotnik circulated in the Kievan Rus until the 11th century; it was equal in weight to the Byzantine Empire's solidus.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Waziristan campaign (1921–1924)
The Waziristan campaign was a road construction effort and military campaign conducted from 21 December 1921 to 31 March 1924 by British and Indian forces in Waziristan (in what is now Pakistan).  These operations were part of the new Forward Policy, which sought to reduce and eventually eliminate tribal uprisings and tribal raids into settled districts by stationing inside Waziristan regular troops, which would then be capable of swiftly responding to Waziri rebellions. The rebel tribes attempted to harass the British troops, but were unsuccessful in stopping the British road construction efforts. Hugh Beattie provided a detailed account of the conflict in chapter 7 of Empire and Tribe in the Afghan Frontier Region: Custom, Conflict and British Strategy in Waziristan until 1947.

Waziristan
Waziristan (Pashto, Ormuri, Urdu: وزیرستان, lit. 'land of the Wazir') is a mountainous region of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Waziristan region administratively splits among three districts: North Waziristan, Lower South Waziristan District, and Upper South Waziristan District. The entire Waziristan region covers around 11,585 square kilometres (4,500 sq mi) and is mainly populated by the Burki, Mehsud, The Wolves, & Wazir Pashtun tribe, who speak the Waziri dialect of the Pashto language.
Hammercloth
A hammercloth is a large decorative piece of heavy weatherproof fabric, often fringed and richly adorned with embroidery, gemstones, and cloth of gold, placed over and around the seat of the coachman of a carriage or coach. A hammercloth might display the arms or other emblems of the heritage of the owner of the coach.

Cloth of gold
Cloth of gold or gold cloth (Latin: Tela aurea)  is a fabric woven with a gold-wrapped or spun weft—referred to as "a spirally spun gold strip". In most cases, the core yarn is silk, wrapped (filé) with a band or strip of high content gold. In rarer instances, fine linen and wool have been used as the core.
Quintus Mucius Scaevola (consul 174 BC)
Quintus Mucius Scaevola (/ˈsiːvələ, ˈsɛv-/ SE(E)V-ə-lə; fl. early 2nd century BC) was a politician of the Roman Republic, believed to be the son of his namesake who was praetor in 215 BC. He was made praetor in 179 BC, and became governor of Sicily. In 174 BC, he was made consul, and in 171 BC, tribune. In this latter position, he accompanied his brother-in-law Publius Licinius Crassus on campaign against Perseus of Macedonia.

His son was Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur (c. 159 – 88 BC), much younger than his cousins.

Roman governor
A Roman governor was an official either elected or appointed to be the chief administrator of Roman law throughout one or more of the many provinces constituting the Roman Empire.

The generic term in Roman legal language was rector provinciae, regardless of the specific titles, which also reflects the province's intrinsic and strategic status, and corresponding differences in authority.

By the time of the early Empire, two types of provinces existed—senatorial and imperial—and several types of governor would emerge. Only proconsuls and propraetors fell under the classification of promagistrate.
Luca Petrozzi
Luca Petrozzi (born 12 March 1995, in Bromley) is an English born Italian rugby union player. His usual position is as a Scrum-half, and he currently plays for London Scottish.

For 2019–20 Pro14 season, he was named as Additional Player for Benetton. In 2020–21 Pro14 season he signed for Benetton until 2022.

In January 2015, Petrozzi was also named in the Italy Under 20 squad for the 2015 Six Nations Under 20s Championship and in 2018 in the Italy Sevens squad for the 2018 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series.

Bromley
Bromley is a large town in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It is 9+1⁄2 miles (15 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross, and had an estimated population of 88,000 as of 2023.

Originally part of Kent, Bromley became a market town, chartered in 1158. Its location on a coaching route and the opening of a railway station in 1858 were key to its development and the shift from an agrarian village to an urban town. As part of the growth of London's conurbation in the 20th century, Bromley Town significantly increased in population and was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1903 and became part of the London Borough of Bromley in 1965. Bromley today forms a major retail and commercial centre. It is identified in the London Plan as one of the 13 metropolitan centres of Greater London.
Taşkonak, Güçlükonak
Taşkonak (Kurdish: Şikeftya) is a village in the Güçlükonak District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Jilyan tribe and had a population of 13 in 2021.

The hamlet of Çanaklı is attached to Taşkonak.

Şırnak Province
Şırnak Province (Turkish: Şırnak ili, Kurdish: Parêzgeha Şirnex) is a province in Turkey in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Şırnak Province was created in 1990, with areas that were formerly part of the Siirt, Hakkâri and Mardin Provinces. It borders both Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Syria. The current Governor of the province is Cevdet Atay.

The province had a population of 570,745 in 2023. Its area is 7,078 km2. It encompasses 19 municipalities, 240 villages and 192 hamlets.

Considered part of Turkish Kurdistan, the province has a Kurdish majority.
Insurance in India
Insurance in India covers both public and private sector organisations. It is listed in the Seventh Schedule of India's Constitution as a Union List subject, meaning it can only be legislated by the Central government.

The insurance sector has gone through a number of phases by allowing private companies to solicit insurance and also allowing foreign direct investment. India allowed private companies in insurance sector in 2000, setting a limit on FDI to 26%, which was increased to 49% in 2014, and further increased to 74% in May 2021.

Foreign direct investment
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a controlling ownership of an asset in one country by an entity based in another country. The magnitude and extent of control, therefore, distinguishes it from a foreign portfolio investment or foreign indirect investment. Foreign direct investment includes expanding operations or purchasing a company in the target country.
Eraniel railway station
Eraniel Railway station (station code: ERL) is an NSG–5 category Indian railway station in Thiruvananthapuram railway division of Southern Railway zone. It in Eraniel is the most important railway station of Kallkkulam taluk of Kanyakumari district in the Tamil Nadu state of India. All daily trains passing through the station halts in Eraniel station.
The famous Mandaikadu Bagavathi Amman Temple, Colachel Port, I.R.E Industries in Manavalakurichi and Padmanabhapuram Palace are situated nearby the station. The station also is the nearest railhead for two municipalities – Padmanabapuram, Colachel and for 25 villages.

Colachel
Colachel (Malayalam: Kulachal, IPA: [kuɭɐt͡ʃːɐl]) is a Municipality in the far south of India, located in the Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu. It is a natural harbor on the Malabar Coast, located 20 km northwest of Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin), the southernmost tip of India. As of 2011, the municipality had a population of 23,227 and a metropolitan population of 47,007.
1999 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 63 kg
The Women's Middleweight Weightlifting Event (63 kg) is the fourth women's weight class event at the weightlifting competition, limited to competitors with a maximum of 63 kilograms of body mass. The competition at the 1999 World Weightlifting Championships took place in Athens, Greece on 23 November 1999.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
Takeshi Hasegawa
Takeshi Hasegawa (長谷川 武, Hasegawa Takeshi, born August 1, 1984) is a Japanese professional basketball player who plays for the Koshigaya Alphas of the B.League in Japan. He played for Japan national 3x3 team in 2013.

B.League
The B.League is a men's professional basketball league in Japan. The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014. The league began play in September 2016.
Callander (surname)
Callander is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlie Callander, property steward of Richmond Football Club in Australian Rules Football

Don Callander, American novelist

Donald Callander, British Army officer

Drew Callander, Canadian hockey player (played for Philadelphia and Vancouver)

Gary Callander, Scottish Rugby Union player

Jock Callander, Canadian hockey player and coach (played for Pittsburgh and Tampa Bay)

Peter Callander, British songwriter

Peter Callander
Peter Robin Callander (10 October 1939 – 25 February 2014) was an English songwriter and record producer. Active from the 1960s onwards, Callander wrote or co-wrote songs that have been performed by recording artists such as Cilla Black, Tom Jones, Cliff Richard, Shirley Bassey, and The Tremeloes, amongst many others. On some songs he was credited as Robin Conrad. Callander was also a founder member of the Society of Distinguished Songwriters (SODS), a director of PRS for Music, and formed a publishing company, Callander Family Music Ltd.
Pleiku-Bantour volcanic field
The Pleiku-Bantour volcanic field is an extensive volcanic field in southern Vietnam. It contains several volcanic edifices, most of which are not well-presevered. In 1973, the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior listed this volcanic area as Pleistocene in age. The southern extension of the Pleiku-Bantour volcanic field is the Darlac volcanic field which is also of Pleistocene age.

International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior
The International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) is a learned society that focuses on research in volcanology, efforts to mitigate volcanic disasters, and research into closely related disciplines, such as igneous geochemistry and petrology, geochronology, volcanogenic mineral deposits, and the physics of the generation and ascent of magmas in the upper mantle and crust. It is one of eight constituent associations of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG).

IAVCEI is run by an executive committee whose membership changes every four years. The Executive determines policies for the Association, enacting them through a series of commissions and task groups. Bulletin of Volcanology is the journal of IAVCEI.
Glen, New Hampshire
Glen is an unincorporated village in the town of Bartlett in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, United States.  The village is the home of Story Land, a popular amusement park in the Mount Washington Valley region, a resort area that also includes the communities of North Conway and Jackson.

Glen is found at the intersection of U.S. Route 302 and New Hampshire Route 16, 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the center of North Conway and 6 miles (9.7 km) east of the center of Bartlett.  Routes 302 and 16 travel north in a concurrency from North Conway and diverge in Glen.  Route 16 continues north through Pinkham Notch to the communities of Gorham and Berlin, while Route 302 travels west through Crawford Notch towards western New Hampshire and into Vermont.

The village has a separate ZIP code (03838) from the rest of the town of Bartlett.

Crawford Notch
Crawford Notch is a major pass through the White Mountains of New Hampshire, located in Hart's Location. Roughly half of that town is contained in Crawford Notch State Park. The high point of the notch, at approximately 1,900 feet (580 m) above sea level, is at the southern end of the town of Carroll, near the Crawford Depot train station and Saco Lake, the source of the Saco River, which flows southward through the steep-sided notch. North of the high point of the notch, Crawford Brook flows more gently northwest to the Ammonoosuc River, a tributary of the Connecticut River.

The notch is traversed by U.S. Route 302, which closely follows the Saco River southeast to North Conway and less closely follows the Ammonoosuc River northwest to Littleton.
Albert Bosomtwi-Sam
Albert Bosomtwi-Sam (25 May 1954 – 4 August 1998)  was a Ghanaian lawyer and politician. He belonged to the National Democratic Congress (NDC). Bosomtwi-Sam started the Bosumtwi - Sam & Associates Law Firm in Takoradi in the Western Region. He served as Member of Parliament for the Sekondi Constituency from 1992 to 1996. He served as Chief whip of the NDC in the first  parliament of the fourth republic of Ghana. Also he served as the deputy Minister of Interior.

Sekondi (Ghana parliament constituency)
Sekondi is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Sekondi is located in the  Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly of the Western Region of Ghana. The current Member of Parliament is Hon. Blay Nyameke Armah.
Sydney Writers' Festival
The Sydney Writers' Festival (SWF) is an annual literary festival held in Sydney in May, with the inaugural festival taking place in 1997. The 2020 event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Susan Orlean
Susan Orlean (born October 31, 1955) is an American journalist, television writer, and bestselling author of The Orchid Thief and The Library Book. She has been a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1992, and has contributed articles to many magazines including Vogue, Rolling Stone, Esquire, and Outside. In 2021, Orlean joined the writing team of HBO comedy series How To with John Wilson.

Orlean's 1998 non-fiction book The Orchid Thief was adapted into the film Adaptation (2002). Meryl Streep received an Academy Award nomination for her performance as Orlean.
Hilaria Mukapuli
Hilaria Ndiiwana Mukapuli (born 4 April 1969) is a Namibian politician and a legislator in the Parliament of Namibia, as Member of National Assembly serving the 2020–2025 term, representing SWAPO Party of Namibia. Mukapuli also served as a mayor of Lüderitz  from 2016 to 2019.

Parliament of Namibia
The Parliament of Namibia is the national legislature of Namibia. It is a bicameral legislature that consists of two houses: the National Council (upper house) and the National Assembly (lower house).

All cabinet members are also members of the lower house. This situation has been criticised by Namibia's civil society and the opposition as creating a significant overlap between executive and legislature, undermining the separation of powers. The seniority of cabinet members generally relegates ordinary MPs to the back benches.

From Namibian independence until 2014, the National Assembly consisted of 78 members, 72 members elected by proportional representation and 6 members appointed by the president. The National Council had 26 representatives of the Regional Councils, 2 from each of the then thirteen regions. Before the 2014 general elections the constitution was amended to increase both chambers to their current size.
Veljko Rogošić
Veljko Rogošić (21 July 1941 – 7 August 2012) was a Croatian long-distance swimmer who competed at the Olympics for SFR Yugoslavia and won numerous awards from the start of his swimming career in 1959. Rogošić also holds the world record for longest distance ever swum in open ocean without flippers. He swam a total of 225 km (139.8 miles) across the Adriatic Sea in a time of 50 hours and 10 minutes from Grado to Riccione in Italy on 29-31 August 2006, setting the Guinness World Record.

Riccione
Riccione (Italian: [ritˈtʃoːne]; Romagnol: Arciôn [arˈtsoːŋ]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.

Riccione is centred on the Rio Melo, a minor river that flows into the Adriatic Sea. In the decades following the construction of the Bologna–Ancona railway in 1861, Riccione grew substantially with the development of tourism and the construction of elegant villas in the Liberty Style. It became independent from the municipality of Rimini in 1922, and was further popularised after the Mussolini family bought a seaside villa for its summer holidays. As of 2023, Riccione had an estimated population of 34,514.

Riccione's economy is dependent on tourism, especially catering to young people and families.