hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint-Gotthard Massif
The Gotthard Massif or Saint-Gotthard Massif (German: Gotthardmassiv or Sankt-Gotthard-Massiv; Italian: Massiccio del San Gottardo; Romansh: Massiv dal Gottard) is a mountain range in the Alps in Switzerland, located at the border of four cantons: Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden. It is delimited by the Nufenen Pass on the west, by the Furka Pass and the Oberalp Pass on the north and by the Lukmanier Pass on the east. The eponymous Gotthard Pass, lying at the heart of the massif, is the main route from north to south (excluding tunnels).

The region of the Gotthard lies at the heart of the Swiss Alps, often referred to as the "water tower of Europe". Three major rivers take their source in the Gotthard Massif: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino. A fourth river, the Rhône, takes its source in very close proximity of the massif, just north of the Furka Pass. A trekking itinerary, the Vier-Quellen-Weg ("four springs trail"), crosses the Gotthard Massif.

Furka Pass
Furka Pass (German: Furkapass; French: Col de la Furka) is a 2,429 m (7,969 ft) high mountain pass in the southern Swiss Alps connecting Gletsch, Valais with Realp, Uri via the seasonal Furkapassroute. The Furka Oberalp Bahn bypasses the pass through the 1,390 m (4,560 ft) high Furka Base Tunnel, which opened in 1982 to replace the seasonal Furka Summit Tunnel at 2,160 metres (7,090 ft).

The Furka Pass was used as a location in the James Bond film Goldfinger, a curve of which is marked as "James Bond Strasse", complete with lookout point and small parking area. Near the western summit of the pass is the Hotel Belvédère; a short walk from it leads to the Rhône Glacier Ice Grotto. The glacier moves 30–40 metres a year, and the 100 metre long tunnel and ice chamber are due to climate disruption closed for ever.
Frisa Valtellinese
The Frisa Valtellinese is an Italian breed of domestic goat indigenous to the province of Sondrio, in Lombardy in northern Italy. It is raised throughout the Valtellina – from which its principal name derives – in the Val Malenco and the upper Val Masino in the Rhaetian Alps, and in the Valchiavenna. It may also be called the Frontalasca, for the village of Frontale, a frazione of the comune of Sondalo in the Val di Rezzalo, or the Rezzalasca for that valley. The name Frisa comes from its frisature, or Swiss markings.

Valtellina
Valtellina or the Valtelline (occasionally spelled as two words in English: Val Telline; Romansh: Vuclina ⓘ; Lombard: Valtelina or Valtulina; German: Veltlin; Italian: Valtellina) is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland. Today it is known for its ski centre, hot spring spas, bresaola, cheeses (in particular Bitto, named after the river Bitto) and wines.  It was a key Alpine pass between northern Italy and Germany. The control of the Valtellina was much sought after, particularly during the Thirty Years' War as it was an important part of the Spanish Road.
Algies Bay
Algies Bay is a northern coastal suburb of Auckland, in New Zealand. It is on the Mahurangi Peninsula about 68 kilometres (by road) north of the city centre.

Highfield Garden Reserve is a 10 acre reserve of public land along Mahurangi East Road. Until 1985, it was a privately owned flower-growing and orchard business, which also had donkeys. Alison and Ted Roberts donated the land to the Crown, and it now has gardens, walks, fruit trees, and donkeys. The Roberts' donkeys were allowed to stay at the park after they donated the land.

Scandrett Regional Park and Mahurangi Regional Park East are south of Algies Bay.

Hinduism in New Zealand
Hinduism is the second largest religion in New Zealand. It is also one of the fastest-growing religions in the country. According to the 2023 census, Hindus form 2.9% of the population of New Zealand. There are about 153,534 Hindus in New Zealand.

Hindus from all over India continue to immigrate today, with the largest Indian ethnic subgroup being Gujaratis, Haryanvi and Dravidians. A later wave of immigrants also includes Hindu immigrants who were of Indian descent from nations that were historically under European colonial rule, such as Fiji. Today there are Hindu temples in all major New Zealand cities.
Neary's
Neary's was an Irish pub on East 57th Street near First Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, from 1967 to 2024. It was founded in 1967 by Jimmy Neary (September 14, 1930 – October 1, 2021), an Irish emigrant who had worked in New York City establishments and served in the United States Army. Neary's was known for its traditional menu and its elite clientele, including political figures, prominent businesspeople, writers, and entertainers. Neary died in 2021 and his children continued to operate the pub until its closure in 2024.

First Avenue (Manhattan)
First Avenue is a north-south thoroughfare on the East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan, running from Houston Street northbound to 127th Street. At 125th Street, most traffic continues onto the Willis Avenue Bridge over the Harlem River, which continues into the Bronx. South of Houston Street, the roadway continues as Allen Street south to Division Street. Traffic on First Avenue runs northbound (uptown) only.
Serena Lo Bue
Serena Lo Bue (born 4 August 1995) is an Italian lightweight rower. She competes with her sister Giorgia in the lightweight pair event, and at the 2018 World Rowing Championships in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, they became world champions.

Lightweight rowing
Lightweight rowing (abbreviated Lwt or Lt) is a category of rowing where limits are placed on the maximum body weight of competitors. According to the International Rowing Federation (FISA), this weight category was introduced "to encourage more universality in the sport especially among nations with less statuesque people".

At the international level, for crew boats, the limits are:

Men: Crew average 70 kg (154.3 lb) – no rower over 72.5 kg (159.8 lb)

Women: Crew average 57 kg (125.7 lb) – no rower over 59 kg (130.1 lb)

For single sculls, the limits are 72.5 kg (159.8 lb) for men and 59 kg (130.1 lb) for women.
Charlie Taylor (rugby league)
Charles Taylor (third ¼ 1921 – November 2013) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, and coached in the 1950s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Heworth A.R.L.F.C. and York (captain), as a centre, or loose forward, and he coached at club level for York (Assistant Coach to player-coach W. "Bill" Riley (born c. 1927) signed from Swinton in 1949) from 1952 to 1960, including in York's 8–15 defeat by Huddersfield in the 1957–58 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1957–58 season at Headingley, Leeds on Saturday 19 October 1957, in front of a crowd of 22,531.

Headingley Rugby Stadium
Headingley Rugby Stadium (known as AMT Headingley Rugby Stadium due to sponsorship) is a rugby league stadium in Headingley, Leeds and shares the same site as Headingley Cricket Ground. It is the home ground of the Leeds Rhinos, and is the fifth largest rugby league stadium in England.
Jack Russell (Wexford hurler)
Jack Russell (born 1950) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a full-back for the Wexford senior team.

Born in New Ross, County Wexford, Russell first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Wexford minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1970 championship. Russell went on to play a bit part for the team for over a decade, and won two Leinster medals as a non-playing substitute. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions.

At club level Russell enjoyed a lengthy career with Geraldine O'Hanrahan's.

Throughout his inter-county career Russell made 7 championship appearances for Wexford. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1983 championship.

1983 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1983 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 97th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The draw for the 1980 fixtures took place in September 1979. The championship began on 29 May 1983 and ended on 4 September 1983.

Kilkenny were the defending champions.

On 4 September 1983, Kilkenny won the championship following a 2–14 to 2–12 defeat of Cork in the All-Ireland final. This was their 23rd All-Ireland title and their second in succession.

Kilkenny's Billy Fitzpatrick was the championship's top scorer with 1–24. Kilkenny's Frank Cummins was the choice for Texaco Hurler of the Year.
Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis
Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH) is a potentially fatal disorder where multiple benign (non-cancerous) blood vessel tumors (hemangiomas) are present in the skin and other organs. The mortality rate of diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis is 50-90%. This disease is normally found in female Caucasian infants. The most common site of internal organ damage, or lesions, is the liver, which can redirect blood away from the heart and cause arteriovenous shunting. This can cause high cardiac output, leading to further complications such as congestive heart failure. This condition affecting the liver is also known as infantile hepatic hemangioma (IHH). Other sites of internal organ damage can include the intestines, nervous system, lungs, and sometimes the skeletal system. Early detection and treatment with steroids results in most newborn babies with this disease remaining healthy, with serious problems developing for some individuals during the hemangioma's growth phase.

Hemangioma
A hemangioma or haemangioma is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from blood vessel cell types. The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantile hemangioma, known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting on the skin at birth or in the first weeks of life. A hemangioma can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly appears on the face, scalp, chest or back. They tend to grow for up to a year before gradually shrinking as the child gets older. A hemangioma may need to be treated if it interferes with vision or breathing or is likely to cause long-term disfigurement. In rare cases internal hemangiomas can cause or contribute to other medical problems. They usually disappear by 10 years of age.  The first line treatment option is beta blockers, which are highly effective in the majority of cases. Hemangiomas present at birth are called congenital hemangiomas, while those that form later in life are called infantile hemangiomas.
Austria women's national flag football team
The Austria women's national flag football team represents Austria in women's international flag football matches. The sport is governed by the American Football Federation Austria (AFBÖ). In 2024, the International Federation of American Football (IFAF) ranked the Austrian women's team 4th worldwide. In 2025 they dropped to 6th.

Robert Riedl became head coach in January 2024 when he replaced Walter Demel.

Flag football
Flag football is a variant of gridiron football (American football or Canadian football depending on location) where, instead of tackling players to the ground, the defensive team must remove a flag or flag belt from the ball carrier ("deflagging") to end a down. In flag football, contact is limited between players. The sport has a strong amateur following with several national and international competitions each year sponsored by various associations but is most popularly played in America where it was invented. The international governing body for the sport is the International Federation of American Football (IFAF) with the International Woman's Flag Football Association (IWFFA) governing the women's game.

Flag football will be a discretionary event for the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, the first time any gridiron football code has been a full part of an Olympic programme.
Delton Hall
Delton Dwayne Hall (born January 16, 1965) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Clemson Tigers. He played in the NFL for the Pittsburgh Steelers (1987–1991) and the San Diego Chargers (1992)

Hall was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second round (38th overall) of the 1987 NFL draft—following the Steelers' pick of Rod Woodson (CB) in the first round. In his rookie year, he became an instant starter at cornerback, intercepting three passes on the way to earning Steelers' "Rookie of the Year" honors and the nickname "Beltin' Delton" from fans of the team.

Hall also was a standout in track and field, setting the North Carolina state 400 meters record at the NCHSAA Track Championships held at North Rowan High School in 1983.

1987 NFL draft
The 1987 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 28–29, 1987, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

With the first overall pick of the draft, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers selected quarterback Vinny Testaverde.
Jacobson ring
In algebra, a Hilbert ring or a Jacobson ring is a ring such that every prime ideal is an intersection of primitive ideals.  For commutative rings primitive ideals are the same as maximal ideals so in this case a Jacobson ring is one in which every prime ideal is an intersection of maximal ideals.

Jacobson rings were introduced independently by Wolfgang Krull (1951, 1952), who named them after Nathan Jacobson because of their relation to Jacobson radicals, and by Oscar Goldman (1951), who named them Hilbert rings after David Hilbert because of their relation to Hilbert's Nullstellensatz.

Prime ideal
In algebra, a prime ideal is a subset of a ring that shares many important properties of a prime number in the ring of integers. The prime ideals for the integers are the sets that contain all the multiples of a given prime number, together with the zero ideal.

Primitive ideals are prime, and prime ideals are both primary and semiprime.
The Essential Alan Parsons Project
The Essential Alan Parsons Project is a compilation album released by English progressive rock musician Alan Parsons and the Alan Parsons Project on 6 February 2007. It was released through Sony BMG as part of The Essential album series. The album featured some of the band's best known songs as well as some rare tracks.

The album includes songs from all their studio albums, from Tales of Mystery and Imagination to Gaudi, with the exception of the band's final album, Freudiana.

The Alan Parsons Project
The Alan Parsons Project were a British rock duo formed in London in 1975. Its official membership consisted of producer, audio engineer, musician and composer Alan Parsons, and singer, songwriter and pianist Eric Woolfson. They shared writing credits on almost all of their songs, with Parsons producing or co-producing all of the recordings, while being accompanied by various session musicians, some relatively consistently to the point that they are considered as members by many fans.

The Alan Parsons Project released eleven studio albums over a 15-year career, the most successful ones being I Robot (1977), The Turn of a Friendly Card (1980) and Eye in the Sky (1982). Many of their albums are conceptual in nature and focus on science fiction, supernatural, literary and sociological themes. Among the group's most popular songs are "I Wouldn't Want to Be Like You", "Games People Play", "Time", "Sirius", "Eye in the Sky", and "Don't Answer Me".
Kurimoto
Kurimoto (written: 栗本) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kaoru Kurimoto (栗本 薫, 1953–2009), pen name of Sumiyo Imaoka, Japanese writer

Kurimoto Masayoshi (栗本 昌蔵, 1756–1834), Japanese naturalist, zoologist and entomologist

Shinichiro Kurimoto (栗本 慎一郎, born 1941), Japanese writer and politician

Kurimoto Masayoshi
Kurimoto Masayoshi (栗本 昌臧; August 22, 1756 – May 3, 1834) was a Japanese naturalist, zoologist and entomologist.

He was physician to the 11th Tokugawa shōgun Tokugawa Ienari Kurimoto Masayoshi lectured on Materia Medica. In 1811 he wrote Kurimoto’s Iconographia Insectorum which records 500 Japanese insects. In 1826 he met Philipp Franz von Siebold and they worked together. Kurimoto Masayoshi gave him drawings of Crustacea. One of these Squilla maculata a Mantis shrimp was used by Wilhem de Haan in Siebold's Fauna Japonica.
Devilling
Devilling is the custom of more senior self employed barristers/advocates making use of their junior’s services to complete briefs belonging to the more senior barrister/advocate, usually without the knowledge of the attorney. Not to be confused with the period of training called pupillage or junior work undertaken by a person wishing to become an advocate in one of the English-speaking common law systems of the United Kingdom, Ireland, Hong Kong, and Australia.

Devilling cannot be done by a pupil and has to be done by a junior barrister/advocate, as it is paid work usually at a rate lower than the normal fee of the junior.

Printer's devil
A printer's devil was a young apprentice in a printing establishment who performed a number of tasks, such as mixing tubs of ink and fetching type. Writers including Benjamin Franklin, Walt Whitman, Ambrose Bierce, Bret Harte, Sherwood Anderson, and Mark Twain served as printer's devils in their youth along with indentured servants.

There are religious, literary, and linguistic hypotheses for the etymology. Printers blamed the mischievous devil Titivillus or confused a name with the legend Faust. Other theories include racism, Gallicisms, or misspellings.
Akhisar railway station
Akhisar railway station is a station in Akhisar, Turkey. TCDD Taşımacılık operates four trains, both from İzmir, that stop at the station: the İzmir Blue Train to Ankara, the Aegean Express to Eskişehir as well as the 6th of September Express and the 17th of September Express to Bandırma. As of 26 March 2020, all passenger train service had been temporarily suspended, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but has since resumed.

The station was opened on 20 April 2018, as a replacement to the original station, located in the city center.

Bandırma
Bandırma (Turkish: [banˈdɯɾma]) is a city, municipality and district of Balıkesir Province, northwestern Turkey. Its area is 755 km2, and its population is 167,363 (2024). Bandırma is located in the south of the Marmara Sea, in the bay with the same name, and is an important port city. It is approximately two hours away from Istanbul, İzmir and Bursa.

Bandırma may be reached by land, sea, air and rail. Regular ship trips are made to Tekirdağ and Istanbul from Bandırma every day. The accelerated train services between İzmir and Bandırma, which are made every day in connection with the ferry, offer a different transportation alternative.

Bandırma is home to the fifth-largest port in Turkey, second in the Marmara sea to Istanbul. The annual average trade volume of Bandırma Port, which meets 90% of the exports from Balıkesir Province, is 800 million dollars.
History of Greek Sicily
The history of Greek Sicily (Ancient Greek: Σικελία) began with the foundation of the first Greek colonies around the mid 8th century BC. The Greeks of Sicily were known as Siceliotes.

Over the following centuries many conflicts between the city-states occurred until around 276 BC Pyrrhus of Epirus managed to conquer the whole island except Carthaginian Lilybaeum. After the First Punic War in 241 BC the island was conquered by the Romans.

Gela
Gela (Sicilian and Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒɛːla]; Ancient Greek: Γέλα) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Autonomous Region of Sicily, Italy; in terms of area and population, it is the largest  municipality on the southern coast of Sicily. Gela is part of the Province of Caltanissetta and is one of the few comuni in Italy with a population and area that exceed those of the provincial capital.

Gela was founded in 698 BC by Greek colonists from Rhodes and Crete; it was an influential polis of Magna Graecia in the 7th and 6th centuries BC and became one of the most powerful cities until the 5th c. BC. Aeschylus, the famous playwright, lived here and died in 456 BC. In 1943, during the Invasion of Sicily, the Allied forces made their first landing on the island at Gela.
Volodymyr Zinchenko
Volodymyr Zinchenko (Ukrainian: Володимир Іванович Зінченко; born 28 May 1959 in Zaporizhya) is a former discus thrower from Ukraine, who represented the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics and Ukraine in 1996 Summer Olympics. He is a three-time national champion for Ukraine and four-time champion of the Soviet Union in the men's discus throw event. His first name is also spelled in Ukrainian as Volodymyr.

His personal best is 68.88, which is also Ukraine's national record.

Unified Team at the Olympics
The Unified Team (Russian: Объединённая команда) was the name used for the sports team of the former Soviet Union 
(except the Baltic states) at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville and the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. The IOC country code was EUN, after the French name, Équipe unifiée (French: [ekip ynifje]). The Unified Team was sometimes informally called the CIS Team (Commonwealth of Independent States, as a counterpart of CIS national football team taking part in Euro 1992 of the same year), although Georgia did not join the CIS until 1993.

The team finished second in the medal table at the 1992 Winter Games, and first at the 1992 Summer Games, edging its old rival the US in the latter.
Ultimatum of July 23, 1914
The ultimatum of July 23, 1914, was a diplomatic note delivered by the Austro-Hungarian ambassador in Belgrade to the Serbian Minister of Finance. The issuance of the ultimatum is widely seen as an immediate precursor to the outbreak of World War I in August 1914. The note was Austria-Hungary's response to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbia-aligned perpetrators the previous month, following weeks of deliberation.

The text was meticulously constructed to be unacceptable to the Serbian government, thereby ensuring its rejection and thus adding to Austria-Hungary's casus belli. Serbia's response was dismissed by the Austro-Hungarian government.

An agreement between Austria-Hungary and its principal ally, the German Empire, had been reached as early as July 7 (see July crisis).

Casus belli
A casus belli (from Latin  casus belli 'occasion for war'; pl. casus belli) is an act or an event that either provokes or is used to justify a war. A casus belli involves direct offenses or threats against the nation declaring the war, whereas a casus foederis involves offenses or threats against its ally—usually one bound by a mutual defense pact. Either may be considered an act of war. A declaration of war usually contains a description of the casus belli that has led the party in question to declare war on another party.
Jødekager
Jødekager (lit. 'Jewish cookies') are popular cookies of Danish Jewish origin. They consist of a soft butter cookie base which is topped with cinnamon sugar and occasionally chopped almonds.

Early versions of the recipe originated in the Danish Jewish community starting in the 18th century, though the current version dates from the 19th century. They are commonly eaten during Christmas in Denmark.

Cinnamon sugar
Cinnamon sugar is a mixture of ground cinnamon and granulated sugar used as a spice to flavor foods such as Belgian waffles, Snickerdoodle cookies, tortillas, coffee cake, French toast, and churros. It is also used to flavor apples, cereals, and other fruits.