hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolfgang Händler
Wolfgang Händler (11 December 1920 in Potsdam – 19 February 1998) was a German mathematician, pioneering computer scientist and professor at Leibniz University Hannover (Lehrstuhl für elektronische Rechenanlagen) and University of Erlangen–Nuremberg (Institut für Mathematische Maschinen und Datenverarbeitung) known for his work on automata theory, parallel computing, artificial intelligence, man-machine interfaces and computer graphics.

Händler diagram (aka Mn graph, Händler'scher Kreisgraph, Kreisgraph nach Händler, Händler-Kreisgraph, Händler-Diagramm, Minimisierungsgraph) (1958)

Leibniz University Hannover
Leibniz University Hannover (German: Leibniz Universität Hannover), also known as the University of Hannover, is a public research university located in Hanover, Germany. Founded on 2 May 1831 as Higher Vocational School, the university has undergone six periods of renaming, its most recent in 2006.

Leibniz University Hannover is a member of TU9, an association of the nine leading Institutes of Technology in Germany. It is also a member of the Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research, a non-profit association of leading engineering universities in Europe. The university sponsors the German National Library of Science and Technology, the largest science and technology library in the world.
Countrified (John Anderson album)
Countrified is the eighth studio album by American country music artist John Anderson. It was released on October 6, 1986. It was his last studio album for Warner Bros. Records before leaving for MCA Nashville in 1987. The album featured "The Fightin' Side of Me", a song written and originally recorded by country singer Merle Haggard as well as a cover of the gospel standard "Peace in the Valley."

Peace in the Valley
"There'll Be Peace in the Valley for Me", also known informally as "Peace in the Valley" is a 1939 song written by Thomas A. Dorsey, originally for Mahalia Jackson. In 1951, a version of the song by Red Foley and the Sunshine Boys was a hit, and among the first gospel recordings to sell one million copies. Elvis Presley performed the song at the close of his third and final appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, which reached 54.6 million viewers. The song has become one of the ten best-known gospel standards of all time, and has been performed and recorded by numerous artists.
Heymans
Heymans is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adriaan Jozef Heymans, Belgian painter

Catherine Heymans, British astrophysicist and Astronomer Royal for Scotland

Cédric Heymans, French rugby player

Corneille Heymans (1892–1968), Belgian physiologist
Heymans (crater), a lunar impact crater, named after him

Émilie Heymans, Canadian diver (born in Belgium)

Gerardus Heymans (1857–1930), Dutch philosopher & psychologist

Jonas Heymans, Belgian footballer

Margriet Heymans, Dutch writer and illustrator of children's literature

Mau Heymans, Dutch artist and writer, known for his work on Disney comics

Mau Heymans
Mau Heymans (born 14 April 1961) is a Dutch Disney comics artist and writer. He started his career in 1987. He is primarily an illustrator and also wrote some stories with Kirsten de Graaf. Heyman does Scrooge McDuck universe comics for the publisher Oberon. His style is Barks-inspired, with long necks and beaks on the ducks. Mau Heyman's older brother, Bas Heymans, is also a Disney comics artist, and the brothers have styles very similar to each other.
Molar absorption coefficient
In chemistry, the molar absorption coefficient or molar attenuation coefficient (ε) is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species absorbs, and thereby attenuates, light at a given wavelength. It is an intrinsic property of the species. The SI unit of molar absorption coefficient is the square metre per mole (m2/mol), but in practice, quantities are usually expressed in terms of M−1⋅cm−1 or L⋅mol−1⋅cm−1 (the latter two units are both equal to 0.1 m2/mol). In older literature, the cm2/mol is sometimes used; 1 M−1⋅cm−1 equals 1000 cm2/mol. The molar absorption coefficient is also known as the molar extinction coefficient  and molar absorptivity, but the use of these alternative terms has been discouraged by the IUPAC.

Chemical species
Chemical species are a specific form of chemical substance or chemically identical molecular entities that have the same molecular energy level at a specified timescale. These entities are classified through bonding types and relative abundance of isotopes. Types of chemical species can be classified based on the type of molecular entity and can be either an atomic, molecular, ionic or radical species.
Secretary General of the Lok Sabha
The Secretary General of the Lok Sabha (ISO: Lōka Sabhā kē Mahāsaciva) is the administrative head of the Lok Sabha Secretariat. The secretary general is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. The post of secretary general is of the rank of the Cabinet Secretary in the Government of India, who is the senior most civil servant to the Indian government.

Cabinet Secretary (India)
The cabinet secretary (ISO:मंत्रिमंडळ सचिव) is the top-most executive official and senior-most civil servant of the Government of India. The cabinet secretary is the ex-officio head of the Civil Services Board, the Cabinet Secretariat, the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), and all Civil Services of India work under the rules of business of the government.

The cabinet secretary is the senior most cadre post of the Indian Administrative Service, ranking eleventh on the Indian order of precedence. The cabinet secretary is under the direct charge of the prime minister. Since 2010, the cabinet secretary's term length was extended to a maximum of four years. Thereafter, amended in 2019 for further extension up to 1 year. In, total up to 5 years.
Nectandra krugii
Nectandra krugii, Krug's sweetwood, is a species of plant in the family Lauraceae. It is found in Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Hispaniola, Martinique, Netherlands Antilles, and Puerto Rico.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Aberdare Town (electoral ward)
Aberdare Town  was, for much of the twentieth century, an electoral ward for the purposes of electing members to Glamorgan County Council and the Aberdare Urban District Council. It currently comprises two electoral wards, Aberdare East and Aberdare West/Llwydcoed, for the purposes of electing members to the Rhondda Cynon Taf County Borough Council. Aberdare East is composed mainly of a part of  Aberdare itself while Aberdare West includes the community of Llwydcoed which, for many years was itself as electoral ward.

Aberdare Town first became an electoral ward in the late nineteenth century with the formation of Glamorgan County Council. Aberdare Town was also one of the five electoral wards of the Aberdare Urban District Council from its formation in 1894. The other wards were Aberaman, Blaengwawr, Gadlys and Llwydcoed.

Rhondda Cynon Taf County Borough Council
Rhondda Cynon Taf County Borough Council (Welsh: Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol Rhondda Cynon Taf) is the governing body for Rhondda Cynon Taf, one of the principal areas of Wales. The council headquarters are at the Llys Cadwyn development in Pontypridd.
Procter and Gamble Chemicals
P&G Chemicals (PGC) is a division within Procter and Gamble that specializes in the production and distribution of oleochemicals throughout the world.

With a line of products including glycerine, methyl esters, alcohols, fatty alcohols, and sucrose polyesters such as Sefose and Olean, PGC produces raw materials essential for many commonly used consumer products, and is a global supplier for some of the world’s largest chemical companies.

Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic  al-kuḥl 'the kohl') is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly modifies the properties of hydrocarbons, conferring hydrophilic (water-attracted) properties.  The OH group provides a site at which many reactions can occur.
V. Krishnaswamy Iyer
Venkatarama Krishnaswamy Iyer CSI (15 June 1863 – 28 December 1911) was an Indian lawyer who served as a justice of the High Court of Madras and on the Executive Council of the Governor of Madras. He was also known as a leader in the second generation of the Mylapore clique.

He was involved in the prosecution of a partner of the British banking Company Arbuthnot & Co after the bank crashed on 22 October 1906. Following the crash, Iyer gathered together eight Indians who started a bank funded by Chettiar Capital which later became the Indian Bank. He is the first Indian to have a beach-fronted statue, when a statue of his was put up outside the Senate House, Madras University in 1912.

Thiruvidaimarudur
Thiruvidaimarudur (also spelt as Thiruvidaimaradur or Tiruvidaimarudur) is a panchayat town in Thanjavur district, in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.  The town is notable for its Mahalingeshwarar Temple, a Hindu shrine for Lord Shiva.
Mongolic peoples
The Mongolic peoples are a collection of East Asian-originated ethnic groups in East Asia, North Asia and Eastern Europe, who speak Mongolic languages. Their ancestors are referred to as Proto-Mongols. The largest contemporary Mongolic ethnic group is the Mongols. Mongolic-speaking people, although distributed in a wide geographical area, show a high genetic affinity to each other, and display continuity with ancient Northeast Asians.

Barlas
The Barlas (Mongolian: Barulās; Chagatai Turkic/Persian: برلاس Barlās; also Berlās) were a Mongol tribal confederation clan, which later became Turkified in Central Asia, forming a nomadic confederation. They were a sub-clan of the Borjigin, emerged within the Khamag Mongol confederation in present-day Mongolia in the early to mid-12th century, and traced their military roots to one of the elite regiments of the Mongol Empire’s Kheshig guard. The Barlas spawned as one imperial dynasties with two major empires in Asia: the Timurid Empire in Central Asia and Persia; and its later branch, the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent.
Pit Pony (film)
Pit Pony is a 1997 television film directed by Eric Till. It was Elliot Page's debut role; Page was scouted for it by John Dunsworth, who also had a small role in the film. The film was based on the novel Pit Pony by Joyce Barkhouse. It was nominated for numerous Gemini Awards in 1997.

Eric Till
Eric Till (born 24 November 1929) is an English film and television director working in Canada, the United States, and Europe since the 1960s. His 1977 film It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet was entered into the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. He also directed Hot Millions (1968), The Walking Stick (1970), and To Catch A Killer (1992), as well as some Jim Henson productions, including episodes of Fraggle Rock (1984-1987) and A Christmas Toy (1986).
NYU Local
NYU Local is an independent news blog run by New York University (NYU) students. It is the companion publication for NYU along with the Washington Square News, and the undergraduate equivalent of Washington Square Review.

Founded in 2008 to cover discussion and NYU news, NYULocal.com  receives, on average, 200,000 unique visitors each month. NYU Local publishes around 10 posts a day Monday through Friday. The blog is run by NYU undergraduates and is editorially independent from New York University.  In 2008 NYU Local was profiled by PBS.

Since 2008, alumni of the blog have gone on to work at various prestigious media and journalism companies such as NY1, CNN, The Atlantic, New York Magazine, BuzzFeed, ThinkProgress, MSNBC, Time, Newsweek, and The New York Times.

ThinkProgress
ThinkProgress was an American progressive news website that was active from 2005 to 2019. It was a project of the Center for American Progress Action Fund (CAP Action), a progressive public policy research and advocacy organization. Founded by Judd Legum in 2005, the site's reports were regularly discussed by mainstream news outlets and peer-reviewed academic journals. ThinkProgress also hosted a climate section called Climate Progress, which was founded by Joe Romm.

In 2019, after financial losses, CAP Action unsuccessfully sought a new publisher for the site. No new content has been added since September 2019, rendering ThinkProgress effectively defunct.
Netherlands in the Early Middle Ages
The Netherlands in the early Middle Ages was inhabited by various Germanic tribes, including the Frisians, who played a significant role in the development of the region and its Christianisation and eventual incorporation into the Frankish Empire.

The settlers in the northern Netherlands and northwest part of Germany established the Kingdom of the Frisians, adopting the name from the previous inhabitants, with the prosperous trading North Sea trading center of Dorestad playing a vital role. The Franks eventually conquered the area, although recently, doubt has been cast on how distinct they in fact were from other Germanic groups such as the Frisians and Saxons.

Old Dutch
In linguistics, Old Dutch (Modern Dutch: Oudnederlands) or Old Low Franconian (Modern Dutch: Oudnederfrankisch)  is the set of dialects that evolved from Frankish spoken in the Low Countries during the Early Middle Ages, from around the 6th to the 12th century. Old Dutch is mostly recorded on fragmentary relics, and words have been reconstructed from Middle Dutch and Old Dutch loanwords in French.

Old Dutch is regarded as the primary stage in the development of a separate Dutch language. It was spoken by the descendants of the Salian Franks who occupied what is now the southern Netherlands, northern Belgium, part of northern France, and parts of the Lower Rhine regions of Germany. It evolved into Middle Dutch around the 12th century. The inhabitants of northern Dutch provinces, including Groningen, Friesland, and the coast of North Holland, spoke Old Frisian, and some in the east (Achterhoek, Overijssel, and Drenthe) instead spoke Old Saxon.
Sebastian Zietz
Sebastian Zietz (born February 6, 1988) is a professional American surfer. Zietz was born in Fort Pierce, Florida, but grew up in Kauaʻi, Hawaii, after his parents moved there in 1988; he started surfing at 4 years old. In 2013, he qualified for the World Championship Tour for the first time, after winning the Reef Hawaiian Pro at Haleiwa, Hawaii.

In 2016, he won his first World Surf League event, the Drug Aware Margaret River Pro held in Margaret River, Western Australia.

Haleʻiwa, Hawaii
Haleʻiwa (Hawaiian pronunciation: [həleˈʔivə] ⓘ) is a North Shore community and census-designated place (CDP) in the Waialua District of the island of Oʻahu, City and County of Honolulu.
Haleʻiwa is located on Waialua Bay, the mouth of Anahulu Stream (also known as Anahulu River). A small boat harbor is located here, and the shore of the bay is surrounded by Haleʻiwa Beach Park (north side) and Haleʻiwa Aliʻi Beach Park (south side). Further west from the center of town is Kaiaka State Recreation Area on Kiaka Point beside Kaiaka Bay.

As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a population of 4,941. The 2018 estimate was 4,040. It is the largest commercial center on the North Shore of the island. Its old plantation town character is preserved in many of the buildings, making this a popular destination for tourists and residents alike, visiting surfing paddle boarding and diving sites along the north shore. The U.S. postal code for Haleʻiwa, including Kawailoa, is 96712.
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
Saccharopolyspora erythraea is a species of actinomycete bacteria within the genus Saccharopolyspora.

Saccharopolyspora erythraea produces the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. Cytochrome P450 eryF (CYP107A1) originally from the bacterium is responsible for the biosynthesis of the antibiotic by C6-hydroxylation of the macrolide 6-deoxyerythronolide B.

Small non-coding RNAs have been suggested to be involved in regulation of the secondary metabolite  biosynthesis.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Pope Pius XII and Russia
Pope Pius XII and Russia describes relations of the Vatican with the Soviet Union, Russia, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Eastern Catholic Churches resulting in the eradication of the Church in most parts of the Soviet Union during the Stalinist era. Most persecutions of the Church occurred during the pontificate of Pope Pius XII.

Orientales Ecclesias
Orientales ecclesias (December 15, 1952) is an encyclical of Pope Pius XII concerning the persecution of the Eastern Catholic Churches and describing the desperate situation of the faithful in Communist Bulgaria.
Ansumane Mané
Brigadier General Ansumane Mané (c. 1940 – 30 November 2000) was a Bissau-Guinean military officer who led a 1998 uprising against the government of President João Bernardo Vieira, which caused a brief but bloody civil war.

Mané participated in the independence war against Portugal where he was Vieira's bodyguard. A close ally of Vieira, he backed him in the 1980 coup against Guinea Bissau President Luís Cabral. Mané was head of the armed forces of Guinea Bissau during Vieira's presidency before Vieira sacked him in 1998, accusing him of smuggling arms to Casamance separatist rebels in Senegal. Mané subsequently mobilized the troops formerly under his command and led a rebellion against Vieira.

1999–2000 Guinea-Bissau general election
General elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 28 November 1999, with a second round for the presidential election on 16 January 2000. The presidential election resulted in a victory for opposition leader Kumba Ialá of the Party for Social Renewal (PRS), who defeated Malam Bacai Sanhá of the ruling African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde. The PRS were also victorious in the National People's Assembly election, winning 38 of the 102 seats.

These were the first elections held in Guinea Bissau since the 1998-99 Civil War that deposed the government of João Bernardo Vieira. This was the first time an opposition party won an election since the country's independence in the 1970s.

Voter turnout was 72% for the second round of the presidential election.
Gifted art
Gifted art (or free art) is any form or piece of art that is given freely, whether to a city, a group of people, a community or an individual. It refers to any art that is distributed at no direct cost. It is a form of conceptual art. It comes from a belief that art should be available for all people to enjoy, whether rich or poor, university graduate or junior high dropout. Since Gifted Art is an expressive form of art - an idea, it encompasses virtually all forms of art: movies, literature, music recordings, sculpture, painting, graffiti, digital art, street performances, performance art, sticker art, comics, coffeehouse poetry and Internet-distributed art etc.

Digital art
Digital art, or the digital arts, is artistic work that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentational process. It can also refer to computational art that uses and engages with digital media. Since the 1960s, various names have been used to describe digital art, including computer art, electronic art, multimedia art, and new media art. Digital art includes pieces stored on physical media, such as with digital painting, as well as digital galleries on websites. Digital art also extends to the field of visual computing.
Banu Jahir
The Banū Jahīr (lit. 'the sons of Jahir'), were a family that produced several high-ranking government officials who at various times served both the Abbasids and the Seljuks. Most notably, they dominated the Abbasid vizierate for almost 50 years during the second half of the 11th century and then in the early years of the 12th century. They were also known as the Āl Jahīr, or "the people of Jahir".

Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate)
The vizier (Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr) was the senior minister of the Abbasid Caliphate, and set a model that was widely emulated in the Muslim world. Many viziers came to enjoy considerable power, even at times eclipsing the Abbasid caliphs and using them as puppets. The majority of the viziers were of non-Arab origin, and several were also notable patrons of poets and scholars, sponsoring the Translation Movement as well as religious works.
2014–15 California Golden Bears men's basketball team
The 2014–15 California Golden Bears men's basketball team represented the University of California, Berkeley in the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. This was Cuonzo Martin's first year as head coach at California. The Golden Bears played their home games at Haas Pavilion as members of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 18–15, 7–11 in Pac-12 play to finish in a three-way tie for eighth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the Pac-12 tournament where they lost to Arizona.

2015 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2015 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Pac-12 during the 2014–15 season. It was played on March 11–14, at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada. The champion received an automatic bid to the 2015 NCAA tournament.