hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yalım, Artuklu
Yalım (Arabic: المنصورية; Kurdish: Mansuriye; Syriac: ܡܢܨܘܪܝܗ̇, romanized: Mansūriyya) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Artuklu, Mardin Province, Turkey. Its population is 25,803 (2024). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is populated by Kurds of the Daşî and Meşkinan tribes.

Kurdish tribes
Kurdish tribes are tribes of Kurdish people, an Iranian ethnic group from the geo-cultural region of Kurdistan in Western Asia.

The tribes are socio-political and generally also a territorial unit based on descent and kinship, real or putative, with a characteristic internal structure. They are naturally divided into a number of sub-tribes, and each of these sub-tribes again are divided into smaller units: clans, lineages and households.
Půta II of Častolovice
Půta II of Častolovice (also known as Půta the Elder; first name sometimes spelled as Puota or Puotha, last name sometimes spelled as Častolowitz or Czastolowitz; Czech: Půta II. z Častolovic; d. after 1402) was an east Bohemian nobleman.  He was a member of the noble Častolovice family .

Půta was mentioned for the first time in 1365, together with his father of the same name (Půta I of Častolovice). During the life of his father, he was called "Půta the Younger", later, to distinguish from his own son, "Půta the Elder".

He was married to Anna (d. between 1440 and 1454), a daughter of Duke Jan II of Oświęcim. They had a son and two daughters. Their son, Půta III or Půta the Younger (d. 1434) was Landeshauptmann and later pledge lord of the County of Kladsko and the Duchies of Ząbkowice Śląskie and Münsterberg.

Duchy of Münsterberg
The Duchy of Münsterberg (German: Herzogtum Münsterberg) or Duchy of Ziębice (Polish: Księstwo Ziębickie, Czech: Minstrberské knížectví) was one of the Duchies of Silesia, with a capital in Münsterberg (Ziębice). Existing from 1321/1322 to 1742, it was located in what came to be referred to as Lower Silesia. Its territory is similar to modern Ząbkowice Śląskie County in Poland.
Lengua Armada Discos
Lengua Armada Discos is an American punk and hardcore independent record label run by Limp Wrist/Los Crudos frontman and prominent figure in both the straight edge scene and the queercore scene, Martin Sorrondeguy. It features such bands as Look Back and Laugh, Charles Bronson, Severed Head of State and Sin Orden.

Queercore
Queercore (or homocore) is a cultural/social movement that began in the mid-1980s as an offshoot of the punk subculture and a music genre that comes from punk rock. It is distinguished by its discontent with society in general, and specifically society's disapproval of the LGBTQ community. Queercore expresses itself in a DIY style through magazines, music, writing and film.

As a music genre, it may be distinguished by lyrics exploring themes of prejudice and dealing with issues such as sexual identity, gender identity and the rights of the individual; more generally, queercore bands offer a critique of society endemic to their position within it, sometimes in a light-hearted way, sometimes seriously. Musically, many queercore bands originated in the punk scene but the industrial music culture has been influential as well. Queercore groups encompass many genres such as hardcore punk, electropunk, indie rock, power pop, no wave, noise, experimental, industrial and others.
San Simon River (Arizona)
San Simon River is an ephemeral river, or stream running through the San Simon Valley in Graham and Cochise County, Arizona and Hidalgo County, New Mexico.  Its mouth is at its confluence with the Gila River at Safford in Graham County.  Its source is located at 31°51′21″N 109°01′27″W﻿ / ﻿31.85583°N 109.02417°W﻿ / 31.85583; -109.02417.

Graham County, Arizona
Graham County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,533, making it the third-least populous county in Arizona. The county seat is Safford.

Graham County composes the Safford, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The county is home to several organizations including Eastern Arizona College and the Mount Graham International Observatory, which includes one of the world's largest and most powerful telescopes. Graham County is also home to the Arizona Salsa Trail and the annual Salsa Fest.

Graham County contains part of the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation.
Llansillin Rural District
Llansillin (anglicisation of the original Welsh Llansilin) was a rural district in the administrative county of Denbighshire from 1894 to 1935.

The rural district was formed from parts of Corwen, Llanfyllin and Oswestry Rural Sanitary Districts in Denbighshire.

The district contained six civil parishes:

Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog

Llanarmon Mynydd Mawr

Llangadwaladr

Llangedwyn

Llanrhaeadr ym Mochnant

Llansilin

Llansillin Rural District was abolished by a County Review Order in 1935, becoming part of the new Ceiriog Rural District.

Llangadwaladr, Powys
Llangadwaladr (Welsh pronunciationⓘ), formerly spelt Llancadwaladr in some sources, is an isolated mountain parish in Powys, Wales. It was formerly in the historic county of Denbighshire, and from 1974 to 1996 was in Clwyd. Some 7 miles west of the nearest town, Oswestry, it covers an area of sparsely settled hill farming country around the valley of the Afon Ysgwennant beneath Gyrn Moelfre.
Moore & Bryant v. The Globe-Miami, Arizona School Boards
Moore & Bryant v. The Globe-Miami, Arizona School Boards was an Arizona lawsuit in which two African American teachers were found to have been  wrongfully dismissed upon the racial integration of their districts' schools in 1951. This case, a precursor to Brown v. Board of Education, allowed educators of color to teach in Arizona's integrated schools.

Wrongful dismissal
In law, wrongful dismissal, also called wrongful termination or wrongful discharge, is a situation in which an employee's contract of employment has been terminated by the employer, where the termination breaches one or more terms of the contract of employment, or a statute provision or rule in employment law. Laws governing wrongful dismissal vary according to the terms of the employment contract, as well as under the laws and public policies of the jurisdiction.

A related concept is constructive dismissal in which an employee feels no choice but to resign from employment for reasons that result from the employer's violation of the employee's legal rights.
Abdul Karim Farhani
Abdul Karim Farhani (Persian: عبدالکریم فرحانی) is an Iranian principlist and former member of the Assembly of Experts, representing Khuzestan province. He was born in Ahwaz in 1964 (1343SH). Ayatollah Bahjat and Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani are among his famous teachers in high-level classes in Qom Seminary. He is a teacher of Arabic literature, logic, Fiqh, and philosophy.

Iranian principlists
The Principlists (Persian: اصول‌گرایان, romanized: Osul-Garāyān, lit. 'followers of principles or fundamentalists'), also interchangeably known as the Iranian Conservatives and formerly referred to as the Right or Right-wing, are one of two main political camps in post-revolutionary Iran; the Reformists are the other camp. The term hardliners that some Western sources use in the Iranian political context usually refers to the faction. The faction rejects the status quo internationally, but favors domestic preservation.
Joseph Rothschild
Joseph Arthur Rothschild (April 5, 1931, at Fulda, Germany – January 30, 2000, at New York City) was an American professor of history and political science at Columbia University, specializing in Central European and Eastern European history.

Rothschild was a member of the Academy of Political Science, the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America, Phi Beta Kappa and American Professors for Peace in the Middle East (of which he was the national vice chairman in the years 1975–1990). From 1985 he was also a member of the Commission on International Affairs for the American Jewish Congress.

He served on the editorial boards of the Middle East Review and the Political Science Quarterly. He received a Guggenheim Fellowship In 1967.

Rothschild graduated from Columbia University with a bachelor's and a master's degree. He received his doctorate from the University of Oxford.

Fulda
Fulda (German pronunciation: [ˈfʊlda] ⓘ; historically in English called Fuld) is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the river Fulda and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (Kreis). In 1990 the city hosted the 30th Hessentag state festival.
Nea Sparti, Kozani
Nea Sparti (Greek: Νέα Σπάρτη, before 1928: Βουδωρίνα – Voudorina), was a village in Kozani Regional Unit, Macedonia, Greece. It was part of the community of Tsotyli.

Voudorina was populated by Greek speaking Muslim Vallahades. The 1920 Greek census recorded 177 people in the village, and 150 inhabitants (30 families) were Muslim in 1923. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Voudorina were from Asia Minor (22) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 89 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 23 (86 people). The village was abolished on 7 April 1951.

Vallahades
The Vallahades (Greek: Βαλαχάδες) or Valaades (Greek: Βαλαάδες) are a Greek-speaking Muslim population who lived along the river Haliacmon in southwest Greek Macedonia, in and around Anaselitsa (modern Neapoli) and Grevena. They numbered about 17,000 in the early 20th century. They are a frequently referred-to community of late-Ottoman Empire converts to Islam, because, like the Cretan Muslims, and unlike most other communities of Greek Muslims, the Vallahades retained many aspects of their Greek culture and continued to speak Greek for both private and public purposes. Most other Greek converts to Islam from Macedonia, Thrace, and Epirus generally adopted the Ottoman Turkish language and culture and thereby assimilated into mainstream Ottoman society.
Saru Get You -On Air-
Ape Escape -On Air- (サルゲッチュ 〜オンエアー〜, Saru Getchu -On Eā-) is a CGI anime television series produced by Xebec based on Sony's Ape Escape video game franchise. The series and its sequel (Ape Escape -On Air- 2nd) aired on TV Tokyo between April 8, 2006 and September 29, 2007, and loosely adapt storylines from Million Monkeys, Ape Escape 3, and SaruSaru Big Mission.

Ape Escape 3
Ape Escape 3 is a 2005 platform game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2.

The game has been rated for release on PlayStation 4 but no announcement of its release has been made.
2010 Havering London Borough Council election
Elections for Havering London Borough Council were held on 6 May 2010. The 2010 General Election and other local elections took place on the same day.

In London council elections the entire council is elected every four years, opposed to some local elections where one councillor is elected every year for three of the four years.

Havering London Borough Council
Havering London Borough Council, also known as Havering Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Havering in Greater London, England. The council has been under no overall control since 2014; after the 2022 election, it was run by a coalition of the Havering Residents Association (HRA) and the Labour Party; since 2024, it has been run by a Havering Residents Association minority administration. The council is based at Havering Town Hall in Romford.
Peacock Productions
Peacock Productions was a long-form production unit of NBC News. The division, established on July 15, 2007, primarily produced one-off factual programs and specials, airing across both NBCUniversal and third-party networks. Peacock served as an incubator for new production technologies that have later been adopted by NBC News, such as tapeless recording.

The studio was shut down on March 2, 2020, with NBC News citing changes to its strategies on documentaries.

Television special
A television special (often TV special, or rarely television spectacular) is a standalone television show that may also temporarily interrupt episodic programming normally scheduled for a given time slot. Some specials provide a full range of entertainment and informational value available via the television medium (news, drama, comedy, variety, cultural), in various formats (live television, documentary, studio production, animation, film), and in any viewing lengths (short films, feature films, miniseries, telethons).
Squadron Airborne
Squadron Airborne (also titled "Squadron Airborn") is  a 1955 novel by Elleston Trevor. The plot revolves around the fighter pilots and auxiliary personnel of a fictional Spitfire squadron in September 1940. At the beginning of the story a newly trained 19-year-old pilot, Peter Stuyckes (pronounced "Stewks") arrives at Westhill (a fictitious Home Counties aerodrome near a fictitious town called Melbury), joining an established squadron already in the thick of the fighting. Less than a week later, after a number of aerial battles and many sub-plots concerning airmen and ground staff alike, the squadron is transferred to Lincolnshire for rest and refit, having suffered many casualties. This was the eighth novel to be released by Trevor under his own name although he had published many other titles under pseudonyms.

Home counties
The term home counties describes a number of English counties close to London. There is no precise definition, but the counties bordering London are most likely to be described as members, namely: Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent and Surrey.

Other counties farther from London – Bedfordshire, Hampshire, Oxfordshire, East Sussex and West Sussex – are sometimes also regarded as home counties, due to their proximity to London and connection to its regional economy.

The home counties come with a strong socio-economic stereotype, which characterises its inhabitants as comfortable, conformist middle class people.
Aline Bonami
Aline Bonami (née Nivat) is a French mathematician known for her expertise in mathematical analysis. She is a professor emeritus at the University of Orléans, and was president of the Société mathématique de France for 2012–2013.

Société mathématique de France
The Société Mathématique de France (SMF) is the main professional society of French mathematicians.

The society was founded in 1872 by Émile Lemoine and is one of the oldest mathematical societies in existence. It publishes several academic journals: Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure, Astérisque, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France, Gazette de la Société mathématique de France, Mémoires de la Société Mathématique de France, Panoramas et Synthèses, and Revue d'histoire des mathématiques.
Division of Berowra
The Division of Berowra (/bəˈraʊrə/) is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. The seat covers the northern parts of the Greater Sydney area in the local government areas of the Hornsby Shire and the Hills Shire.

Berowra
Berowra (/bəˈraʊrə/) is an outer suburb of Northern Sydney located in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 36 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Berowra is south-east of the suburbs of Berowra Heights and east of Berowra Waters. The name Berowra means place of many shells, referring to the many shell middens on Berowra Creek.
Matthew Pratt Guterl
Matthew Pratt Guterl is the L. Herbert Ballou University Professor of Africana Studies and American Studies at Brown University. Before his arrival at Brown University, Guterl was the James Rudy Professor of American Studies and History at Indiana University and chair of the department of American Studies. He is the author of five books and the co-author of another, and has written for The Guardian, The New Republic, The Chronicle of Higher Education, and Inside Higher Education. Guterl appeared in the documentary Race: the Power of an Illusion.

In March of 2025, Guterl was named the Vice President for Diversity and Inclusion at Brown University. "To be the vice president for diversity and inclusion at this moment," he wrote in the Brown Alumni Magazine, "is an impossible contradiction. At its core, this office represents the driving need for grace, decency, and kindness in any living and learning community. It also reflects the perverse, tragic absence of the same. "

Inside Higher Ed
Inside Higher Ed is an American online publication of news, opinion, resources, events and jobs in the higher education sphere. In 2022, Quad Partners, a private equity firm, sold it to Times Higher Education, itself owned by Inflexion Private Equity. It is based in Washington, D.C.
Jakob Friedrich Caflisch
Jakob Friedrich Caflisch (3 March 1817 – 9 May 1882) was a German botanist born near Memmingen.

He spent the years 1836–1838 at a teaching seminar in Altdorf, followed by teaching assignments in Leipheim, Neu-Ulm and Augsburg. He prematurely retired from teaching in 1861 due to problems with eyesight.

With Otto Sendtner (1813–1859), a professor of botany at the University of Munich, he participated in scientific excursions in the vicinity of Augsburg and throughout the mountains of Allgäu. Caflisch's botanical research included studies on the effects that climate, altitude and soil conditions had upon the geographical distribution of plants.

He was a founding member of the Naturhistorischen Vereins in Augsburg (Natural History Society in Augsburg) and until his death in 1882, was in charge of the botanical collections at the Museum of Natural Sciences in Augsburg.

Leipheim
Leipheim (German pronunciation: [ˈlaɪphaɪm] ⓘ; Swabian: Leiba) is a town in the district of Günzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the Danube, 5 kilometres (3 miles) west of Günzburg, and 17 kilometres (11 miles) northeast of Ulm. The village Riedheim and the hamlet Weissingen are districts of Leipheim. Since 1993, Leipheim has been twinned with the Hungarian town Fonyód.
Thomas D. Rogers
Thomas D. Rogers, Sr. (born August 1945) is a former sculptor-engraver with the United States Mint and designer of several U.S. coins, including the 2000–2008 reverse side of the United States Golden dollar coins, or Sacagawea dollars. Rogers holds an A.A.S. degree with a major in commercial art.

United States Mint
The United States Mint is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury responsible for producing coinage for the United States to conduct its trade and commerce, as well as controlling the movement of bullion. The U.S. Mint is one of two U.S. agencies that manufactures physical money. The other is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which prints paper currency. The first United States Mint was created in Philadelphia in 1792, and was soon joined by other centers, whose coins were identified by their own mint marks. There are currently four active coin-producing mints: Philadelphia, Denver, San Francisco, and West Point.
Lorena (name)
Lorena is a German, English, Croatian, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish feminine given name with different origins. It can be used as a version of Lorraine or, alternately, as a Latin version of Lauren. As a Croatian, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish name, it is derived from the Latin Laurentius. As a German and English name, it is a modern form of the Germanic Chlothar (which is a blended form of Hlūdaz and Harjaz). As used in the United States, it may have come from the song title of a popular 1856 song by Rev. Henry D.L. Webster and Joseph Philbrick Webster, who are said to have derived the name from an anagram of the name Lenore, a character in Edgar Allan Poe's 1845 poem The Raven. In Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel Gone with the Wind, Scarlett O'Hara's daughter with Frank Kennedy was named Ella Lorena in reference to the song Lorena. Frank G. Slaughter wrote a book called Lorena in which the character was also called Reeny hence the alternative pronunciation of Lor ee na.

Chlothar
Chlothar (Latin Chlotharius; Greek Khlōthários Χλωθάριος; French Clotaire) is a Germanic given name, attested in Old English as Hloþhere, in Old High German as Lothari (Lothair, Lothar), and reconstructed in Frankish as *Hlodhari. It means "famous warrior", as a combination of the Germanic root hlut- (lauded, famous) and the word heri (army, warrior).

It can refer to the following kings of the Franks:

Chlothar I (497–561)

Chlothar II (584–629)

Chlothar III (652–673)

Chlothar IV (died 719)
Palacio del Gobernador
The Palacio del Gobernador (transl. Governor's Palace) is a government building located in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. It is located southwest from Plaza de Roma and built in its current form in 1976. At present, the building houses the Intramuros Administration, the Commission on Elections and the Home Development Mutual Fund National Capital Region Office. It also previously housed the Bureau of the Treasury until it relocated across Plaza de Roma to the Ayuntamiento de Manila on July 2013.

Pag-IBIG Fund
The Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF), commonly known as the Pag-IBIG Fund (acronym of its Filipino name: Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at Gobyerno), is a government-owned and controlled corporation under the Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development of the Philippines responsible for the administration of the national savings program and affordable shelter financing for Filipinos.
Fingle Bridge
Fingle Bridge is a 17th-century stone arch bridge carrying an unclassified road over the River Teign near Drewsteignton, within Dartmoor National Park in Devon, England. This packhorse bridge has three arches and the two central piers are surrounded by triangular cutwaters extending upwards to form pedestrian refuges, and is a Grade II* listed building.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs de France
Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs de France (Guides and Scouts of France, EEdF) is an interreligious and coeducational Scouting and Guiding association in France. The first interreligious Scouting groups in France were founded in 1911, and interreligious Guiding started in 1914; both movements merged in 1964 forming the EEdF. The association serves today about 17,000 members of both sexes.

EEdF is a member of Scoutisme Français and through this federation also a member of both the World Organization of the Scout Movement and the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts.

World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS /wæɡz/) is a global association that supports female-oriented and female-only Guiding and Scouting organizations in 153 countries. It was established in the year 1928 in Parád, Hungary. The organization now has its headquarters located in London, United Kingdom. It is the counterpart of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). WAGGGS is organized into five regions and operates five international Guiding centers. It holds full member status in the European Youth Forum (YFJ), which operates within the Council of Europe and the European Union.