hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Taranov board
A Taranov board is a system to separate honey bees that will leave the hive with the queen bee from the bees that will stay behind in the parent hive during swarming, as well as the device used in this system.

Queen bee
A queen bee is typically an adult, mated female (gyne) that lives in a colony or hive of honey bees. With fully developed reproductive organs, the queen is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive. Queens are developed from larvae selected by worker bees and specially fed in order to become sexually mature. There is normally only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees will usually follow and fiercely protect her.

The term "queen bee" can be more generally applied to any dominant reproductive female in a colony of a eusocial bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee (Schwarziana quadripunctata), a single nest may have multiple queens or even dwarf queens, ready to replace a dominant queen in case of a sudden death.
Solnhofia
Solnhofia is a genus of extinct thalassochelydian turtle from the Late Jurassic of Germany. The type species is Solnhofia parsonsi, named by Gaffney in 1975 for a partial skull and jaw from the early Tithonian of the Solnhofen Formation in Bavaria. Additional material including a complete skeleton is known from the late Kimmeridgian of Switzerland and the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian of other deposits within Bavaria, and potentially also unprepared material from the Late Jurassic of France. The genus was referred to the family Eurysternidae by Anquetin and colleagues in 2017, which may represent an artificial grade of early thalassochelydians. In 2020 a new species Solnhofia brachyrhyncha was described from the Kimmeridigan aged Reuchenette Formation of Switzerland.

Solnhofen Limestone
The Solnhofen Limestone or Solnhofen Plattenkalk, formally known as the Altmühltal Formation, is a Jurassic Konservat-Lagerstätte that preserves a rare assemblage of fossilized organisms, including highly detailed imprints of soft bodied organisms such as sea jellies. The most familiar fossils of the Solnhofen Plattenkalk include the early feathered theropod dinosaur Archaeopteryx preserved in such detail that they are among the most famous and most beautiful fossils in the world. The Solnhofen beds lie in the German state of Bavaria (Bayern), halfway between Nuremberg (Nürnberg) and Munich (München) and were originally quarried as a source of lithographic limestone. The Jura Museum situated in Eichstätt, Germany  has an extensive exhibit of Jurassic fossils from the quarries of Solnhofen and surroundings, including marine reptiles, pterosaurs, and one specimen of the early bird Archaeopteryx.
Earl Schubert
Earl D. Schubert (November 8, 1916 – December 1, 1999) was an American academic scientist specialized in psychoacoustics.  He was a leading authority on hearing, especially musical and binaural psychoacoustics.

Schubert got his start on psychoacoustics in the US Army, working on speech communication in noise during World War II.  After receiving a Ph.D. at the University of Iowa in 1948, he started his career in academia at the University of Michigan, returning to Iowa in 1951.  In 1955 he became the director of the Cleveland Hearing and Speech Center where he continued to work on speech intelligibility.  He moved to Indiana University in 1960, and to Stanford University in 1964, where he remained for the rest of his life.  After retiring from the Medical School in 1987, as professor emeritus he devoted his time to helping students at CCRMA.

Psychoacoustics
Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of the perception of sound by the human auditory system. It is the branch of science studying the psychological responses associated with sound, including noise, speech, and music. Psychoacoustics is an interdisciplinary field including psychology, acoustics, electronic engineering, physics, biology, physiology, and computer science.
Gunroom
A gunroom is the junior officers' mess on a naval vessel. It was occupied by the officers below the rank of lieutenant.  In wooden sailing ships it was on a lower deck, and was originally the quarters of the gunner, but in its form as a mess, guns were not normally found in it. The senior officers' equivalent is the wardroom.

In large ships of war, the gunroom was a compartment originally occupied by the gunner and his mates, but now fitted up for the accommodation of the junior officers; in smaller vessels, that used as a mess-room by the lieutenants.

In an English country house, the gunroom is a secure walk-in vault in which sporting rifles, shotguns, ammunition and other shooting accessories are kept.   They are locked away partly for security, partly as some makes such as Holland & Holland or Purdey are highly valuable (costing as much as £60,000 for shotguns and £100,000 for rifles and with a 2- to 3-year waiting list from order to delivery).

Junior officer
Junior officer, company officer or company grade officer refers to  the lowest operational commissioned officer category of ranks in a military or paramilitary organization, ranking above non-commissioned officers and below senior officers.
Greben Cossacks
The Grebensky Cossacks or Grebentsy was a group of Cossacks formed in the 16th century from Don Cossacks who left the Don area and settled in the northern foothills of the Caucasus. The Greben Cossacks are part of the Terek Cossacks. They were influenced by Chechen and Nogai culture and most were bilingual in the Russian language and the Nogai language.

Nogai language
Nogai (/noʊˈɡaɪ/ noh-GHY; Ногай тили, Nogay tili, Ногайша, Nogayşa) also known as Noğay, Noghay, Nogay, or Nogai Tatar, is a Turkic language spoken in Southeastern European Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey. It is the ancestral language of the Nogais. As a member of the Kipchak branch, it is closely related to Kazakh, Karakalpak and Crimean Tatar. In 2014, the first Nogai novel (Akşa Nenem) was published, written in the Latin alphabet.
Stones Corner, Oklahoma
Stones Corner is an unincorporated community in Wagoner County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located at the junction of Oklahoma State highways 51B and 104, approximately 4 1/2 miles west of Porter, and seven miles south of Coweta. Primarily a farming community, it once was home to a farm equipment dealer and repair shop, and Stones Corner filling station and grocery, until the latter burned down in the late 1980s.

Oklahoma State Highway 51
State Highway 51, abbreviated to SH-51 or OK-51, is a major state highway in Oklahoma, United States. It runs for 332.8 miles (535.6 km) east–west across the state, running from the Texas state line to Arkansas. It is the third-longest state highway in the system.
Us (novel)
Us is a 2014 novel by English author David Nicholls for whom it won the Specsavers "UK Author of the Year" award. It was also long-listed for the 2014 Man Booker Prize. The BBC screened a four-part TV adaptation of the novel, by Nicholls, in 2020, starring Tom Hollander, Saskia Reeves and Tom Taylor. In Canada, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) broadcast it as a six-episode mini-series.

Saskia Reeves
Saskia Reeves (born 16 August 1961) is a British actress, known for her roles in films including Close My Eyes (1991), I.D. (1995), and Our Kind of Traitor (2016), in the 2000 miniseries Frank Herbert's Dune, and in TV series, including as a series regular in Luther (2010), Shetland (2016), and Slow Horses (2022–present).
1944 Swedish general election
General elections were held in Sweden on 17 September 1944. The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 115 of the 230 seats in the Andra kammaren of the Riksdag. Due to World War II, the four main parties continued to form a wartime coalition, only excluding the Communist Party.

Andra kammaren
The Andra kammaren (lit. "Second Chamber", often abbreviated 'AK'; referred to in some non-Swedish sources as the Chamber of Deputies) was the lower house of the bicameral Riksdag of Sweden between 1866 and 1970 that replaced the Riksdag of the Estates. The upper house was the Första kammaren.

At the time of its abolition the chamber had 233 members, who were elected for four-year terms of office by men and women over the age of twenty. Both chambers had the same powers. At the last general election in 1968, the Social Democrats received more than half the votes.
Channique Sterling-Brown
Channique Sterling-Brown (born 18 April 1997) is an English actress. She began her career appearing in various stage productions including Hedda Gabler, Summerfolk and Clybourne Park. In 2022, she began portraying the role of Dee Dee Bailey on the ITV1 soap opera Coronation Street, for which she was awarded the British Soap Award for Best Newcomer at the 2023 British Soap Awards.

Clybourne Park
Clybourne Park is a 2010 play by Bruce Norris inspired by Lorraine Hansberry's play A Raisin in the Sun (1959). It portrays fictional events set during and after the Hansberry play, and is loosely based on historical events that took place in the city of Chicago. It premiered in February 2010 at Playwrights Horizons in New York. The play received its UK premiere at the Royal Court Theatre in London in a production directed by Dominic Cooke. The play received its Chicago premiere at Steppenwolf Theatre Company in a production directed by Steppenwolf ensemble member Amy Morton. As described by The Washington Post, the play "applies a modern twist to the issues of race and housing and aspirations for a better life." Clybourne Park was awarded the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 2012 Tony Award for Best Play.
Melanoides nyassana
Melanoides nyassana is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Thiaridae.

It is endemic to Lake Malawi, where it is widespread.

Melania truncatelliformis Bourguignat, 1889 may be a synonym of Melanoides nyassana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species treats the species as a synonym of Melanoides polymorpha.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Plant Systematics and Evolution
Plant Systematics and Evolution is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal covering systematic botany and evolutionary biology. The editors-in-chief are Marcus A. Koch (Heidelberg University), Martin A. Lysak (Masaryk University), and Karol Marhold (Slovak Academy of Sciences).

Slovak Academy of Sciences
The Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovak: Slovenská akadémia vied, or SAV) is the main scientific and research institution in Slovakia fostering basic and strategic basic research. It was founded in 1942, closed after World War II, and then reestablished in 1953.

Its primary mission is to acquire new knowledge of nature, society and technology, specifically targeted at ensuring scientific basis for the advancement in Slovakia. It comprises 58 scientific institutes and 13 ancillary institutions. The SAV edits 44 scientific and scholarly journals and 100–120 monographs per annum. Moreover, 41 scientific and scholarly societies, which associate scientists and scholars from various disciplines, are affiliated with SAV.
Archbishop Blanch School
Archbishop Blanch School is a Church of England secondary school for girls located in Liverpool, England. The school is named after Baron Stuart Blanch who was Bishop of Liverpool from 1966 to 1975, and Archbishop of York from 1975 to 1983.

It is a voluntary aided school administered by Liverpool City Council and the Anglican Diocese of Liverpool.

Anglican Diocese of Liverpool
The diocese of Liverpool is a diocese of the Church of England in North West England. The diocese covers Merseyside north of the River Mersey, south-west Lancashire, western Greater Manchester, and part of northern Cheshire. Liverpool Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Liverpool, currently John Perumbalath, and the diocesan offices are also located in Liverpool. The bishop is assisted by one suffragan bishop, the bishop of Warrington.

What is now the diocese of Liverpool was historically part of the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield, and became part of the newly created diocese of Chester in 1541. The diocese of Liverpool was established on 9 April 1880.
Today I Sing the Blues
"Today I Sing the Blues" is a song written by Curtis Lewis and performed by Aretha Franklin.  The song reached number 10 on the U.S. R&B chart in 1960.  The song appeared on her 1961 album, Aretha. The song was produced by John Hammond. Franklin re-recorded the song in 1969 on the album Soul '69 and it reached number 101 on the U.S. pop chart.  It also charted on the Cash Box Top 100 chart.

"Today I Sing the Blues", originally written in 1948 and recorded the same year by Helen Humes and Buck Clayton's Orchestra, was included in the second album of Sam Cooke, Encore, recorded in 1958.

Buck Clayton
Wilbur Dorsey "Buck" Clayton (November 12, 1911 – December 8, 1991) was an American jazz trumpeter who was a member of Count Basie's orchestra. His principal influence was Louis Armstrong, first hearing the record "Confessin' that I Love You" as he passed by a shop window.
Leidse Rijn
The Leidse Rijn (Dutch for "Leiden's Rhine") is a canal in the province of Utrecht, Netherlands.

It was dug since the Middle Ages when the meandering old Rhine course silted up.

The Leidse Rijn has a length of 13 km. Towns along the Leidse Rijn are De Meern and Harmelen. While still in Utrecht city the Leidse Rijn crosses the Merwede Canal and the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal.

It is the continuation of the Kromme Rijn (Crooked Rhine) through the moat system of Utrecht. The canal ends in Harmelen. There it connects to the Oude Rijn, which eventually flows into the North Sea at Katwijk aan Zee.

The canal gives its name to the Utrecht neighborhood of Leidsche Rijn.

Utrecht (province)
Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈytrɛxt] ⓘ), officially the Province of Utrecht (Dutch: Provincie Utrecht), is a province of the Netherlands. It is located in the centre of the country, bordering the Eemmeer in the north-east, the province of Gelderland in the east and south-east, the province of South Holland in the west and south-west and the province of North Holland in the north-west and north. The province of Utrecht has a population of about 1,388,000 as of January 2023. With a land area of approximately 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi), it is the second smallest province in the country. Apart from its eponymous capital, major cities and towns in the province are Amersfoort, Houten, IJsselstein, Nieuwegein, Veenendaal and Zeist. The busiest railway station in the Netherlands, Utrecht Centraal, is located in the province of Utrecht.
Bansaha
Bansaha is a small village in Jhalari-Pipaladi Municipality  of Kanchanpur District, Sudurpashchim Province, Far Western Nepal. This village has a population of around 8000 people, and has one health post and two higher secondary schools. Bansaha is geographically in the lap of nature surrounded with forest and a river . There are two lakes as well as four temples. Basically the residents here are Tharu people (both Rana tharus and Chaudharys) and people who migrated from hills of Bajhang, Baitadi and Dadeldhura (Called Pahadis).There have been a large number of migrations in the past three years. There is one primary school and one lower secondary school in Bansaha. Kalagaudi is one of the village southern from Bansaha.

The land of Bansaha is considered to be fertile and most of the people depend upon farming. The main crops grown here are Rice, Wheat, Mustard and few Pulses like Vigna mungo and Pink Lentils as well as Peas.

Khalanga, Baitadi
Khalanga or Baitadi Khalanga is a town and seat of Baitadi District in the Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,352 and had 1011 houses in the town.
Skopje Jazz Festival
The Skopje Jazz Festival is a jazz festival held in Skopje, North Macedonia, since 1982.

Although the festival promotes a genre which seems distant from its own culture and traditions, it attracts large audiences and receives attention in the Balkans and the rest of Europe. Musicians who have performed at the festival include Marshall Allen, Art Ensemble of Chicago, Anthony Braxton, Brazilian Girls, Ray Charles, Zoran Madzirov, Stanley Clarke, Ornette Coleman, Chick Corea, Al Di Meola, Gotan Project, Charlie Haden, Herbie Hancock, Andrew Hill, Dave Holland, Maria Joao, D. D. Jackson, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Vlatko Stefanovski, Theodosii Spassov, Simon Kiselicki, John McLaughlin, Pat Metheny, Youssou N'Dour, Tito Puente, Gregory Porter, Toni Kitanovski, Sierra Maestra, Goce Stevkovski, McCoy Tyner, and Joe Zawinul.

The festival is part of the European jazz network and the European Forum of World Music festivals.

Marshall Allen
Marshall Belford Allen (born May 25, 1924) is an American free jazz and avant-garde jazz alto saxophone player. He also performs on flute, oboe, piccolo, and the EWI.

Allen is best known for his work with Sun Ra, having recorded and performed mostly in this context since the late 1950s, and having led The Sun Ra Arkestra since 1995, after Sun Ra's death in 1993 and John Gilmore's death two years later. Critic Jason Ankeny describes Marshall as "one of the most distinctive and original saxophonists of the postwar era."
Mika Yoshikawa
Mika Yoshikawa (吉川美香, Yoshikawa Mika; born 16 September 1984) is a Japanese middle- and long-distance runner. She is a five-time national champion over 1500 metres and won the 2012 Japanese title over 10,000 metres. She has represented Japan at the Olympics, World Championships in Athletics, the Asian Athletics Championships, and the Asian Games.

National Sports Festival of Japan
The National Sports Festival of Japan (国民体育大会, Kokumin Taiiku Taikai) is the national premier sports event of Japan. It consists of three stages. The skating and ice hockey stage takes place in January, the skiing stage takes place in February, and the main Autumn tournament takes place in September and October. Its name is often abbreviated to Kokutai (国体).
Real Data Transport
Real Data Transport (RDT) is a proprietary transport protocol for the actual audio-video data, developed by RealNetworks in the 1990s. It is commonly used in companion with a control protocol for streaming media like the IETF's Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP).

A non-proprietary alternative for RDT is IETF's Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), which is also implemented in RealNetworks players.

As reported in a 2002 book about firewalls, RDT used two unidirectional UDP connections, one for the data sent from the server to the client and another in the opposite direction for retransmission requests. The same book reported that RealNetworks' G2 server used RDT in this configuration by default. Another 2003 book reported that RDT was also seen carried over Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), as a fall-back mechanism.

RDT is now included as part of the Helix Community project.

Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet responsible for the technical standards of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The IETF was initially supported by the federal government of the United States but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the Internet Society, an American non-profit organization with local chapters around the world.
Lax–Friedrichs method
The Lax–Friedrichs method, named after Peter Lax and Kurt O. Friedrichs, is a numerical method for the solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations based on finite differences.  The method can be described as the FTCS (forward in time, centered in space) scheme with a numerical dissipation term of 1/2.  One can view the Lax–Friedrichs method as an alternative to Godunov's scheme, where one avoids solving a Riemann problem at each cell interface, at the expense of adding artificial viscosity.

Peter Lax
Peter David Lax (1 May 1926 – 16 May 2025) was a Hungarian-born American mathematician and Abel Prize laureate working in the areas of pure and applied mathematics.

Lax made important contributions to integrable systems, fluid dynamics and shock waves, solitonic physics, hyperbolic conservation laws, and mathematical and scientific computing, among other fields. In a 1958 paper Lax stated a conjecture about matrix representations for third order hyperbolic polynomials which remained unproven for over four decades. Interest in the "Lax conjecture" grew as mathematicians working in several different areas recognized the importance of its implications in their field, until it was finally proven to be true in 2003.
Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam Machap Recreational Park
The Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam Machap Recreational Park (Malay: Taman Rekreasi Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam Machap; Chinese: 拿督威拉傅润添休闲公园) is a park in Machap Baru, Alor Gajah District, Melaka, Malaysia. The park commemorates the late politician Poh Ah Tiam.

Machap Baru
Machap Baru, with an estimated population of 16,000, is a small town in Alor Gajah District, Malacca, Malaysia. Local restaurants, which serve exotic game, such as wild boar, deer, monitor lizards and snakes are often monitored by the Malaysian Wildlife and National Parks Department for involvement in illegal trading of endangered species.
The Point Men (2023 film)
The Point Men (Korean: 교섭; RR: Gyoseop; lit. Bargaining) is a 2023 South Korean action thriller film directed by Yim Soon-rye and starring Hwang Jung-min, Hyun Bin, and Kang Ki-young. The film is based on the 2007 South Korean hostage crisis in Afghanistan and the subsequent rescue mission.
 It was released on January 18, 2023, in South Korea and screened in Dolby Atmos.

Dolby Atmos
Dolby Atmos is a surround sound technology developed by Dolby Laboratories. It expands on existing surround sound systems by adding height channels as well as free-moving sound objects, interpreted as three-dimensional objects with neither horizontal nor vertical limitations. Following the release of Atmos for the cinema market, a variety of consumer technologies have been released under the Atmos brand. The initial cinema Atmos systems used in-ceiling speakers, then upward-firing speakers (e.g. for soundbars) were introduced as an alternative for consumer products. Atmos is also used on some devices that do not have a height channel, such as headphones, televisions, mobile phones, and tablets.