hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kaviraja Bankidas Ashiya
Kaviraja Bankidas Ashiya (1771–1833) was a Rajasthani poet, warrior and scholar. He was born in a Charan family of Ashiya lineage in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan.

He was born in 1771 (1828 Vikram Samvat). He has composed between 1803 and 1833. He wrote several religious poems, didactic poems and also on the then situation of the society.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Polygraph.info
Polygraph.info is a fact-checking website produced by Voice of America (VoA). Among many subjects, the website documents Russian disinformation and state-backed propaganda by the Chinese government.

The website launched on December 6, 2016. Radio Free Europe funded a three-person team at Polygraph.info until February 2017. The team was led by Daily Beast senior editor Michael Weiss.

According to a 2018 article in Government Executive, by providing fact-checks in both English and Russian, VOA "builds on the success of its year-old Russian-language television network Current Time TV."

As of April 2020, the project employed five people. VoA journalist Jim Fry was its managing editor from November 2017 to November 2019. Investigative journalist, researcher, and Russian expert Fatima Tlisova also works at Polygraph.info.: 76–77

Russian disinformation
Russian disinformation campaigns have occurred in many countries. For example, disinformation campaigns led by Yevgeny Prigozhin, a Russian oligarch, have been reported in several African countries. Russia denies that it uses disinformation to influence public opinion. Often Russian campaigns aim to disrupt domestic politics within Europe and the United States in an attempt to weaken the West due to its long-standing commitment to fight back against "Western imperialism" and shift the balance of world power to Russia and her allies (the Second World during the Cold War era). According to the Voice of America, Russia seeks to promote American isolationism, border security concerns and racial tensions within the United States through its disinformation campaigns.
Ktetor
Ktetor (Greek: κτήτωρ) or ktitor (Cyrillic: ктитор; Georgian: ქტიტორი kt’it’ori; Romanian: ctitor), meaning 'founder', is a title given in the Middle Ages in the Byzantine sphere to the provider of funds for construction or reconstruction of an Eastern Orthodox church or monastery, for the addition of icons, frescos, and other works of art. The Catholic equivalent of the term is donator. At the time of founding, the ktetor often issued typika, and was illustrated on frescoes ("ktetor portrait"). The female form is ktetorissa (Greek: κτητόρισσα) or ktitoritsa (Cyrillic: ктиторица).

The donator or renovator of churches are known as "second ktetor" or "new ktetor" (Serbian: Други ктитор, нови ктитор).

Typikon
A typikon (or typicon, pl. typica; Greek: Τυπικόν, "that of the prescribed form"; Church Slavonic: Тvпико́нъ, сіесть уста́въ Tipikon or Ustav) is a liturgical book which contains instructions about the order of the Byzantine Rite office and variable hymns of the Divine Liturgy.
1948 Penya Rhin Grand Prix
The IX Gran Premio de Penya Rhin was a motor race for Formula One cars held at Pedralbes Circuit, Barcelona on 31 October 1948. Luigi Villoresi won the race in a Maserati 4CLT/48. Villoresi also qualified on pole position and set fastest lap. Reg Parnell was second in another 4CLT/48 and Louis Chiron third in a Talbot-Lago T26C.

Pedralbes Circuit
The Pedralbes Circuit (Spanish: Circuito de Pedralbes) was a 6.333 km (3.935 mi) street racing course in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

First opened in 1946 in the western suburbs of the city, in the Pedralbes neighbourhood, the course featured wide streets and expansive, sweeping corners; both drivers and racing fans loved the course. The circuit hosted the Penya Rhin Grand Prix four times (1946, 1948, 1950 and 1954.). The circuit also hosted the Spanish Grand Prix in 1951 and 1954 Due to stricter safety rules following the 1955 Le Mans disaster, the Pedralbes Circuit was permanently retired as a racing venue.
Maciej Zieliński (basketball)
Maciej Zieliński (born 5 January 1971) is a Polish former professional basketball player. He is known as one of the all-time greats in Polish basketball. He studied in the United States at Providence College. With the national team he participated at EuroBasket 1991 and EuroBasket 1997, as the Polish national team finished seventh in both tournaments. He played vast majority of his professional career with Śląsk Wrocław, where he became a multiple Polish champion and the Polish Basketball League Most Valuable Player.

After retiring from basketball, Zieliński went into politics, serving as a member of the Sejm in 2011, and that same year was named president of the Śląsk Wrocław basketball team.

EuroBasket 1991
The 1991 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1991, was the 27th FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship, held by FIBA Europe. It was held in Italy between 24 and 29 June 1991. Eight national teams entered the event under the auspices of FIBA Europe, the sport's regional governing body. The Palazzo dello Sport in Rome was the hosting venue of the tournament. Yugoslavia won its fifth FIBA European title by defeating hosts Italy with an 88–73 score in the final. Yugoslavia's Toni Kukoč was voted the tournament's MVP.

This was the first EuroBasket tournament in which currently active NBA players, that had also already played in an official NBA regular season game were allowed to participate, with Vlade Divac being the only NBA player in the tournament.
Fiona O'Loughlin (comedian)
Fiona Taheny (born 16 July 1963), commonly known as Fiona O'Loughlin, is an Australian comedian. O'Loughlin has made television performances on ABC TV's Spicks and Specks, and Network Ten's Rove Live, Good News Week, All Star Family Feud, The Project, Studio 10, Show Me the Movie! and Hughesy, We Have a Problem and a series of advertisements for Heinz soups. She has performed as a headline act in the Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Edinburgh Fringe festival. In 2011 a book of her short stories, Me of the Never Never: The (Chaotic) Life and Times of Fiona O'Loughlin was published by Hachette Australia.

Good News Week
Good News Week is an Australian satirical panel game show hosted by Paul McDermott that aired from 19 April 1996 to 27 May 2000, and 11 February 2008 to 28 April 2012. The show's initial run aired on ABC until being bought by Network Ten in 1999. The show was revived for its second run when the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike caused many of Network Ten's imported US programs to cease production.

Good News Week drew its comedy and satire from recent news stories, political figures, media organisations, and often, aspects of the show itself. The show opened with a monologue by McDermott relating to recent headlines, after which two teams of three panellists competed in recurring segments to gain points.

The show has spawned three short-lived spin-off series, the ABC's Good News Weekend (1998), Ten's GNW Night Lite (1999) and Ten's skit-based Good News World (2011).
SceneKit
SceneKit, sometimes rendered Scene Kit, is a 3D graphics application programming interface (API) for Apple Inc. platforms written in Objective-C. It is a high-level framework designed to provide an easy-to-use layer over the lower level APIs like OpenGL and Metal. SceneKit maintains an object based scene graph, along with a physics engine, particle system, and links to Core Animation and other frameworks to easily animate that display. SceneKit views can be mixed with other views, for instance, allowing a SpriteKit 2D display to be mapped onto the surface of an object in SceneKit, or a UIBezierPath from Core Graphics to define the geometry of a SceneKit object. SceneKit also supports import and export of 3D scenes using the COLLADA format. SceneKit was first released for macOS in 2012, and iOS in 2014.

Physics engine
A physics engine is computer software that provides an approximate simulation of certain physical systems, typically classical dynamics, including rigid body dynamics (including collision detection), soft body dynamics, and fluid dynamics. It is of use in the domains of computer graphics, video games and film (CGI). Their main uses are in video games (typically as middleware), in which case the simulations are in real-time. The term is sometimes used more generally to describe any software system for simulating physical phenomena, such as high-performance scientific simulation.
Testimony (William Parker album)
Testimony is a live solo double bass album by William Parker, his first solo release. It was recorded on December 28, 1994, at the Knitting Factory in New York City, and was issued on CD in 1996 by the tiny Zero In label. The music was also included in the 2011 compilation Crumbling in the Shadows is Fraulein Miller's Stale Cake (Centering Records).

The track titled "Testimony" is dedicated to jazz double bassist Beb Guérin, while "Dedication" pays homage to Charles Clark and Albert Stinson.

Charles Clark (musician)
Charles E. Clark (March 11, 1945, in Chicago – April 15, 1969, in Chicago) was an American jazz double-bassist.

Before embarking on a professional career in 1963, Clark studied bass with Wilbur Ware. He played with Muhal Richard Abrams in the latter's Experimental Band between 1966 and 1968, recording with the ensemble on the album Levels and Degrees of Light. He was also one of the founders of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians. Clark played live with Joseph Jarman in the late 1960s, sometimes employing percussion, koto, and cello as well as bass, and performed on Jarman's Delmark Records releases, Song For (1966) and As If It Were the Seasons (1968). Jarman later noted that Clark's death, as well as the death of pianist Christopher Gaddy, played a role in his decision to disband his own ensemble and join the Art Ensemble of Chicago.
Delmar DeLong
Delmar E. DeLong (June 7, 1931 – June 30, 1999) was an American lawyer, Wisconsin State Representative and farmer.

Born in Beloit, Wisconsin, DeLong served in the United States Army from 1953 to 1955. He received his  bachelor's degree and law degrees from University of Wisconsin–Madison. He practiced law, was a farmer, and in the feed and grain business. He served as municipal court judge for the town of Turtle, Wisconsin, the Clinton, Wisconsin village board and Clinton Board of Education. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1973 to 1982 as a Republican. He also served on the Wisconsin Technical College Board. He died in Ocala, Florida.

Turtle, Wisconsin
The Town of Turtle is located in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,393 at the 2020 census. The city of Beloit borders the town. The unincorporated communities of Foxhollow, Porters, and Shopiere are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Tiffany is also located partially within the town.
Utricularia pusilla
Utricularia pusilla, the tiny bladderwort, is an annual, terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia (family Lentibulariaceae). Its distribution includes ranges in Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America: specifically in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.

Lentibulariaceae
Lentibulariaceae is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.

The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
S. H. Kress and Co. Building (St. Petersburg, Florida)
The S. H. Kress and Co. Building, a historic building located at 475 Central Avenue at the corner of 5th Street S. in downtown St. Petersburg, Florida. It was built in 1927 in the classical Commercial style influenced by the Beaux-Arts movement.  The building operated as a "five-and-dime" store from 1927 until the company closed it c.1981.

The building is located within the Downtown St. Petersburg Historic District, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 1, 2001.

Chicago school (architecture)
The Chicago School refers to two architectural styles derived from the architecture of Chicago. In the history of architecture, the first Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago in the late 19th, and at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial esthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. Much of its early work is also known as Commercial Style.

A "Second Chicago School" with a modernist esthetic emerged in the 1940s through 1970s, which pioneered new building technologies and structural systems, such as the tube-frame structure.
Crash Test Danny
Crash Test Danny was a series of 13 educational science sketch television shows for the Discovery Kids channel in the UK.

Danny, played by Ben Langley, is a crash test dummy who goes the extra mile to put the fizz into physics. He is both motivated and hindered by the Professor, played by Gary Carpenter (who also co-wrote the program).

The shows were directed by Justin Rhodes, narrated by Jon Holmes, and series produced by Mark Robson at Initial Television.

Discovery Kids
Discovery Kids is a children's educational brand owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. Starting as a television block within Discovery Channel, the brand expanded as a separate television channel in October 1996. In 2002, the channel began airing a Saturday morning children's programming block on NBC, which ran from October 5, 2002, to September 2, 2006.

Most of Discovery Kids' worldwide channels, as well as its website for children's activities and consumer products, have been either rebranded or shut down. Following the Warner Bros. Discovery merger in 2022, the brand was replaced by the standard Discovery brand for activities and consumer products. As of 2025, Discovery Kids-branded channels continue to broadcast in both India and Latin America. An unbranded morning programming block based on the Latin American channel (formerly branded as Discovery Kids) also airs in the United States on Discovery Familia.
1994 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race
The 1994 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, sponsored by Kodak Gold, was the 50th annual running of the "blue water classic" Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. As in past editions of the race, it was hosted by the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia based in Sydney, New South Wales.  As with previous Sydney to Hobart Yacht Races, the 1994 edition began on Sydney Harbour, at noon on Boxing Day (26 December 1994), before heading south for 630 nautical miles (1,170 km) through the Tasman Sea, past Bass Strait, into Storm Bay and up the River Derwent, to cross the finish line in Hobart, Tasmania.

The 1994 fleet comprised 371 starters of which 308 completed the race and 63 yachts retired.

Storm Bay
The Storm Bay is a large bay in the south-east region of Tasmania, Australia.

The bay is the river mouth to the Derwent River estuary and serves as the main port of Hobart, the capital city of Tasmania.

The bay is bordered by Bruny Island to the west, the South Arm Peninsula to the north, and the Tasman Peninsula to the east; with its outflow to the Tasman Sea, and thereafter to the South Pacific Ocean.

The first European to reach Storm Bay was Abel Tasman in 1642.
Middle Atlantic Athletic Association
The Middle Atlantic Athletic Association (MAAA or M3A) formation date is unknown (circa early 1930s). An article suggests the M3A was formed in 1931–32.  This association or what now are known as "conferences" was able to bring together several historically black colleges from middle eastern states to compete for titles in all sports.  The Baltimore Afro-American, an African American newspaper features several articles with the teams from the M3A.  It includes scores, championship and information pertaining to the schools. The schools that made up this conference were:

Bowie Normal School (Bulldogs)

Bordentown School

Downingtown Industrial and Agricultural School (Downies)

Princess Anne Academy (Trojans)

Delaware State College (Hornets)

Cheyney State Normal School (Wolves)

Storer College (Golden Tornadoes)

University of Maryland Eastern Shore
The University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) is a public historically black land-grant research university in Princess Anne, Maryland. It is part of the University System of Maryland. It is classified among "Research Colleges and Universities". It was established as Delaware Conference Academy. It has also been known as Princess Anne Academy and other names during its evolution.
Andrew Murray (trade unionist)
Andrew Philip Drummond-Murray, commonly known as Andrew Murray, is a British trade union and Labour Party official and activist. Murray was seconded from Unite the Union to Labour headquarters for the 2017 United Kingdom general election, subsequently becoming an adviser to Jeremy Corbyn from 2018 to 2020.

Born into an aristocratic Scottish family, Murray began his career as a journalist and later became a senior official for various trade unions. Murray was chair of the Stop the War Coalition from its formation in 2001 until June 2011 and again from September 2015 to 2016. After forty years in the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) and then the Communist Party of Britain (CPB), he joined Labour towards the end of 2016.

Murray is a contributor to the Morning Star and Tribune.

1999 London nail bombings
The 1999 London nail bombings were a series of bomb explosions in London, England. Over three successive weekends between 17 and 30 April 1999, homemade nail bombs were detonated in Brixton in south London; at Brick Lane, Spitalfields, in the East End; and at the Admiral Duncan pub in Soho in the West End. Each bomb contained up to 1,500 100 mm nails in duffel bags that were left in public spaces. The bombs killed three people and injured 140 people, four of whom lost limbs.

On 2 May 1999, the Metropolitan Police Anti-Terrorist Branch charged 22-year-old David Copeland with murder. Copeland, who became known as the "London nail bomber", was a neo-Nazi militant and a former member of two political groups, the British National Party and then the National Socialist Movement. The bombings were aimed at London's Black, Bengali, and LGBT communities. Copeland was convicted of murder in 2000 and given six life sentences.
Peter Collett (writer)
Peter Collett (1767 – 21 April 1823) was a Danish judge and writer.

He was born in Zealand as a brother of Johan and Jonas Collett. He was a rationalist and radical, and he published a long and favorable review of Michael Gottlieb Birckners 1797 book On the Freedom of the Press and its Law, where amongst other things he defended the freedom to call for sedition as well as the right for government officials to profess atheism. The same year he was fired from his position as an assessor in Copenhagen for this.

The editor of Lærde Efterretninger Rasmus Nyerup offered him his position as editor of this magazine, and later he accepted the position as co-editor of the popular journal Minerva. He wrote numerous articles for these journals, many of them overtly critical of the government, as well as translations of texts by the English philosopher Francis Bacon. In 1800 he emigrated to the Danish West Indies.

Michael Gottlieb Birckner
Michael Gottlieb Birckner (21 August 1756 – 1 December 1798) was a Danish priest and philosopher.

Birckner especially explored the subject of Freedom of Speech. The American historian H. Arnold Barton has characterised Birckner, along with Niels Ditlev Riegels, as being "one of the most original thinkers" of the radical group of authors in Denmark in this period. The Danish jurist Peter Germer in his book The Nature of Freedom of Speech (Ytringsfrihedens Væsen, 1973) shows that Birckners ideas was akin to ideas that Scottish-American philosopher Alexander Meiklejohn proposed in his Free Speech and Its Relation to Self-Government (1948).
Blue Fog Recordings
Blue Fog Recordings is a Canadian independent record label. Based in Toronto, Ontario, the label is owned and operated by musician Rick White and Brian Taylor of the Toronto record store Rotate This.

The label is distributed by Sonic Unyon, and has released material by White, One Hundred Dollars, Andre Ethier, Castlemusic, Eiyn Sof, Elevator, Frederick Squire, Ghost Story, Nordic Nomadic, Rammer, The Unintended and Wyrd Visions, as well as a compilation album of early hardcore punk bands from Toronto.

On May 14, 2010, all of the bands who were signed to Blue Fog at that time performed at Blue Fog Revue, a multiartist concert at Toronto's Lee's Palace.

Andre Ethier (musician)
André Ethier (born 1977) is a Canadian rock singer-songwriter and visual artist who was formerly associated with the indie rock band The Deadly Snakes. He has also released numerous solo albums.

He attended Etobicoke School of the Arts for Visual Arts and received a BFA from Concordia University in 2001.
HMS Concord (R63)
HMS Concord was a C-class destroyer of the Royal Navy.

She was initially ordered as Corso during the Second World War, and was built by John I. Thornycroft & Company, Southampton. She was launched on 14 May 1945, renamed Concord in June 1946 and commissioned on 20 December 1946.

John I. Thornycroft & Company
50°53′43.44″N 1°22′56.76″W﻿ / ﻿50.8954000°N 1.3824333°W﻿ / 50.8954000; -1.3824333

John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, usually known simply as Thornycroft, was a British shipbuilding firm founded by John Isaac Thornycroft in Chiswick in 1866. It moved to Woolston, Southampton, in 1908, merging in 1966 with Vosper & Company to form one organisation called Vosper Thornycroft. From 2002 to 2010 the company acquired several international and US-based defence and services companies, and changed name to the VT Group. In 2008 VT's UK shipbuilding and support operations were merged with those of BAE Systems to create BVT Surface Fleet.  In 2010 remaining parts of the company were absorbed by Babcock International who retained the UK and international operations, but sold the US based operations to the American Jordan Company, who took the name VT Group.