hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ma Tseuk Leng
Ma Tseuk Leng (Chinese: 麻雀嶺), sometimes transliterated as Ma Tseuk Ling, is an area in Sha Tau Kok, North District, Hong Kong.

The area contains the villages of Ma Tseuk Leng Sheung (麻雀嶺上; 'Upper Ma Tseuk Leng') and Ma Tseuk Leng Ha (麻雀嶺下; 'Lower Ma Tseuk Leng'). Ma Tseuk Leng San Uk Ha (麻雀嶺新屋下; 'New Lower Ma Tseuk Leng'), part of Ma Tseuk Leng Ha, is a historic Hakka walled village.

North District, Hong Kong
North District (Chinese: 北區) is the northernmost district of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern part of the New Territories. The new town of Fanling–Sheung Shui is within this district. It had a population of 298,657 in 2001. The district has the second lowest population density in Hong Kong.

It borders with Shenzhen city with the Sham Chun River. Most major access points to mainland China from Hong Kong lie in this district. The North District is about 168 km2 (65 sq mi) in area.
I3 (window manager)
i3 is a tiling window manager designed for X11, inspired by wmii and written in C. It supports tiling, stacking, and tabbing layouts, which are handled manually. Its configuration is achieved via a plain text file and extending i3 is possible using its Unix domain socket and JSON based IPC interface from many programming languages.

Like wmii, i3 uses a control system very similar to that of vi and Vim. By default, window focus is controlled by what the documentation refers to as the 'Mod1' key (Alt key/Windows key) in addition to the right-hand home row keys (Mod1+J,K,L,Semicolon), while window movement is controlled by the addition of the Shift key (Mod1+Shift+J,K,L,Semicolon).

Shift key
The Shift key ⇧ Shift is a modifier key on a keyboard, used to type capital letters and other alternate "upper" characters. There are typically two Shift keys, on the left and right sides of the row below the home row. The Shift key's name originated from the typewriter, where one had to press and hold the button to shift up the case stamp to change to capital letters;
the Shift key was first used in the Remington No. 2 Type-Writer of 1878; the No. 1 model was capital-only.
On the US layout and similar keyboard layouts, characters that typically require the use of the Shift key include the parentheses, the question mark, the exclamation point, and the colon.

When the Caps Lock key is engaged, the Shift key may be used to type lowercase letters on many operating systems, though not on macOS or on Windows keyboard layouts that have the SGCAPS feature.
John Pennebaker
John David Pennebaker (August 31, 1943 – March 9, 2016) was an American lawyer and politician.

Born in Biloxi, Mississippi, Pennebaker served in the Mississippi National Guard with the rank of staff sergeant. Pennebaker received his bachelor's degree in political science from Mississippi State University and his law degree from University of Mississippi School of Law. He practiced law in New Albany, Mississippi. Pennebaker served as mayor of New Albany from 1969 to 1975. From 1976 to 1992, Pennebaker served in the Mississippi House of Representatives and was a Democrat. Pennebaker helped expand the Mississippi highway system while serving in the Mississippi Legislature. He died at a hospital in Tupelo, Mississippi.

University of Mississippi School of Law
The University of Mississippi School of Law, also known as Ole Miss Law, is an ABA-accredited law school located on the campus of the University of Mississippi in Oxford, Mississippi, United States. Established in 1854, the School of Law offers the only dedicated aerospace law curriculum in the US from an ABA-accredited school. The University of Mississippi School of Law is also the only school in the US, and one of only a handful in the world, to offer a Master of Laws (LL.M.) in Air and Space Law.
Philodromus rufus vibrans
Philodromus rufus vibrans is a subspecies of spider that ambushes its prey and lives in United States and Canada. It is commonly seen in forests, aspen parkland, wetland, riparian zones, and grassland.

Aspen parkland
Aspen parkland refers to a very large area of transitional biome between prairie and boreal forest in two sections, namely the Peace River Country of northwestern Alberta crossing the border into British Columbia, and a much larger area stretching from central Alberta, all across central Saskatchewan to south central Manitoba and continuing into small parts of the US states of Minnesota and North Dakota. Aspen parkland consists of groves of aspen, poplar and spruce, interspersed with areas of prairie grasslands, also intersected by large stream and river valleys lined with aspen-spruce forests and dense shrubbery. This is the largest boreal-grassland transition zone in the world and is a zone of constant competition and tension as prairie and woodlands struggle to overtake each other within the parkland.

This article focuses on this biome in North America. Similar biomes also exist in Russia north of the steppes (forest steppe).
Grand Council of Neuchâtel
The Grand Council of Neuchâtel (French: Grand Conseil du canton de Neuchâtel) is the legislature of the canton of Neuchâtel, in Switzerland. Neuchâtel, styled as a Republic and Canton (République et Canton), has a unicameral legislature. The Grand Council has 100 seats, with members elected every four years.

Solidarity (Switzerland)
Solidarity (French: solidaritéS) is a socialist and Trotskyist political party, present in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, in the cantons of Geneva, Vaud, Neuchâtel and Fribourg. It was the furthest left party represented in the National Council until losing their only seat in 2023.
Yttrium borides
Yttrium boride refers to a crystalline material composed of different proportions of yttrium and boron, such as YB2, YB4, YB6, YB12, YB25, YB50 and YB66. They are all gray-colored, hard solids having high melting temperatures. The most common form is the yttrium hexaboride YB6. It exhibits superconductivity at relatively high temperature of 8.4 K and, similar to LaB6, is an electron cathode. Another remarkable yttrium boride is YB66. It has a large lattice constant (2.344 nm), high thermal and mechanical stability, and therefore is used as a diffraction grating for low-energy synchrotron radiation (1–2 keV).

Pearson symbol
The Pearson symbol, or Pearson notation, is used in crystallography as a means of describing a crystal structure. It was originated by William Burton Pearson and is used extensively in Pearson's handbook of crystallographic data for intermetallic phases. The symbol is made up of two letters followed by a number. For example:

Diamond structure, cF8

Rutile structure, tP6
Nirmala Bhuria
Nirmala Bhuria is minister of state for health in Government of Madhya Pradesh in India. She was elected to Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly  from Petlawad in Jhabua district as a candidate of Bharatiya Janata Party for five times. Nirmala is daughter of veteran tribal leader Dilip Singh Bhuria.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Jutra (film)
Jutra is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Marie-Josée Saint-Pierre and released in 2014. Blending live action with animation, the film is a portrait of influential Quebec filmmaker Claude Jutra, structured as an interview in which Jutra is both the questioner and the interview guest.

The film premiered at the Saguenay International Short Film Festival in March 2014. It was subsequently screened at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival in the Director's Fortnight stream.

The film won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Short Documentary Film at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards, and the Prix Jutra for Best Animated Short Film at the 17th Jutra Awards.

Directors' Fortnight
The Directors' Fortnight (French: Quinzaine des cinéastes, formerly Quinzaine des réalisateurs) is an independent section held in parallel to the Cannes Film Festival. It was started in 1969 by the French Directors Guild after the events of May 1968 resulted in cancellation of the Cannes festival as an act of solidarity with striking workers.

The Directors' Fortnight showcases a programme of shorts and feature films and documentaries worldwide.
Robert A. Siegel
Robert A. Siegel (January 1, 1913 – December 3, 1993), of New York City, was an auctioneer of philatelic material, particularly rare postage stamps and covers. The company he founded still exists and still bears his name.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Jorge Teme
Jorge da Conceição Teme (born 24 May 1964) is an East Timorese politician and diplomat. Initially, he was a member of the Fretilin political party, but he left that party in 2011 to join the Frenti-Mudança party. He has been Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, East Timorese Ambassador to Australia, Secretary of State for the Region of Oecusse and Minister of State Administration.

Frenti-Mudança
The Front for National Reconstruction of Timor-Leste – Change (Portuguese: Frente de Reconstrução Nacional de Timor-Leste – Mudança, Frenti–Mudança) is a political party in East Timor led by Vice-Prime minister José Luís Guterres.
Velipojë
Velipojë (Albanian definite form: Velipoja) is a village and a former municipality in Shkodër County, northwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform, it became a subdivision of the municipality of Shkodër. The population at the 2011 census was 5,031.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Protestantism in Mongolia
Protestant Christian churches in Mongolia include Lutherans, Presbyterians, Seventh-day Adventists and various evangelical Protestant groups.

In 2020, Protestants made up 1.10% of the country's population.

Protestant Christian teaching did not reach Mongolia until the mid-19th century, brought by missionaries such as James Gilmour. The rise of a communist government in the 1920s meant an end to Protestant Christian missions. However, since the end of communism in 1990, Protestant missionaries have become active again.

Mongolia has a local Christian television station, Eagle TV, and a pro-Christian radio station called Family Radio.

The first Seventh-day Adventist Church was established through the efforts of American missionaries starting in 1991. According to the 2015 yearbook, the Mongolia Mission had five churches, 2107 members and a language school in Ulaanbaatar.

Language school
A language school is a school where one studies a foreign language. Classes at a language school are usually geared towards, for example, communicative competence in a foreign language. Language learning in such schools typically supplements formal education or existing knowledge of a foreign language.

Students vary widely by age, educational background, work experience. They usually have the possibility of selecting a specific course according to their language proficiency. According to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), there are six language levels that define student language proficiency based on their speaking, writing and reading skills.
Air Transport Wing 63
Air Transport Wing 63 (German: Lufttransportgeschwader 63) was a wing of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe). The wing was created in 1957 and was last based at Hohn Air Base in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, operating the last German Transall C-160 fixed-wing aircraft.

In December 2021, the wing was disbanded with the phaseout of its Transall aircraft in favour of the Airbus A400M, which are all stationed in Wunstorf. A contingent of 60 will maintain Hohn Air Base as a reserve airfield for Tactical Wing 51 from Jagel.

Schleswig Air Base
Schleswig Air Base is an airbase of the German Air Force, home to Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 51 (Tactical Air Force Wing 51) "Immelmann" (AKG 51) flying reconnaissance variants of the Panavia Tornado. It was formerly known from c.1945-1958 as RAF Schleswigland in Royal Air Force (RAF) use.
Enjambre
Enjambre is a Mexican indie rock band. It is composed of brothers Luis Humberto (lead vocals), Rafael (bass), and Julián Navejas (keyboards, guitar), their cousin Isaac Navejas (guitar), and Ángel Sánchez (drums). Enjambre started in Fresnillo, Zacatecas, consolidated as a group in Santa Ana, California, and later continued developing in Fresnillo, Zacatecas, starting professional recordings in 2005.

Fresnillo
Fresnillo (Spanish pronunciation: [fres'nijo]) is a city in north central Mexico, founded in 1554 by Francisco de Ibarra. It is the second largest city in  the state of Zacatecas and the seat of Fresnillo municipality. As a rail and highway junction, Fresnillo is the center of a rich mining area known especially for silver, and the location of one of the world's richest silver mines, the Mina Proaño or Fresnillo Mine, which belongs to the Peñoles mining company. Other important economic activities include agriculture (cereals, beans), cattle raising, and a mining school. Fresnillo is also the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name which surrounds it. The municipality had a population of 196,538 and an areal extent of 4,947 square kilometres (1,910 sq mi).

It is the location of religious pilgrimages to see the famous Santo Niño de Atocha ("Holy Child of Atocha"), a Roman Catholic devotional statue brought to Mexico from Spain.
Flame retardant
Flame retardants are a diverse group of chemicals that are added to manufactured materials, such as plastics and textiles, and surface finishes and coatings. Flame retardants are activated by the presence of an ignition source and prevent or slow the further development of flames by a variety of different physical and chemical mechanisms. They may be added as a copolymer during the polymerisation process, or later added to the polymer at a moulding or extrusion process or (particularly for textiles) applied as a topical finish. Mineral flame retardants are typically additive, while organohalogen and organophosphorus compounds can be either reactive or additive.

Intumescent
An intumescent substance is one that swells as a result of heat exposure, leading to an increase in volume and decrease in density. Intumescence refers to the process of swelling. Intumescent materials are typically used in passive fire protection and require listing, approval, and compliance in their installed configurations in order to comply with the national building codes and laws.

The details for individual building parts are specified in technical standards which are compiled and published by national or international standardization bodies like the British Standards Institute (BSI), the German Institute for Standardization (DIN), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Intumescent coatings for steel constructions must be approved in standardized fire tests.
Château de Richelieu
The Château de Richelieu was an enormous 17th-century château (manor house) built by the French clergyman, nobleman, and statesman Cardinal Richelieu (1585–1642) in Touraine. It was demolished for building materials in 1805 and almost nothing of it remains today. It lay south of Chinon and west of Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine, just south of what is now Richelieu, Indre-et-Loire, surrounded by mostly agricultural land.

Built between 1631 and 1642 on the site of the former du Plessis family mansion, the château was at the heart of a several-hectare park located south of the current city. The site was designated a historical monument in September 1930.

Exedra
An exedra (pl.: exedras or exedrae) is a semicircular architectural recess or platform, sometimes crowned by a semi-dome, and either set into a building's façade or free-standing. The original Greek word ἐξέδρα ('a seat out of doors') was applied to a room that opened onto a stoa, ringed with curved high-backed stone benches, a suitable place for conversation. An exedra may also be expressed by a curved break in a colonnade, perhaps with a semicircular seat.

The exedra would typically have an apsidal podium that supported the stone bench. The free-standing (open air) exedra, often supporting bronze portrait sculpture, is a familiar Hellenistic structure, characteristically sited along sacred ways or in open places in sanctuaries, such as at Delos or Epidaurus. Some Hellenistic exedras were built in relation to a city's agora, as in Priene. Monument architects have also used this free-standing style in modern times.
Jeziorzany, Lublin Voivodeship
Jeziorzany (Polish: [jɛʑɔˈʐanɨ]), until 1965 called Łysobyki (Polish: [wɨsɔˈbɨki]), is a village in Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of its gmina, Gmina Jeziorzany. The village has a population of 761.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Onnanu Nammal
Onnanu Nammal (transl. We are one) is a 1984 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by P. G. Vishwambharan and written by John Paul. The film is inspired by a story of  Kaloor Dennis. The film stars Mammootty, Seema, Mohanlal and Adoor Bhasi. The film has music composed by Ilaiyaraaja and Guna Singh with the former composing the songs and latter, the film score.

P. G. Viswambharan
Plamthottathil Gangadharan Viswambharan  (1947 – 16 June 2010) was an Indian film director who worked in Malayalam cinema. Viswambharan directed  63 Malayalam films, in a career spanning close to four decades.
Hoffman Farm
Hoffman Farm is a historic farm complex located at Keedysville, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It consists of an 1840s Greek Revival style two-story brick dwelling, adjacent brick slave quarters, a Federal-style stone house built about 1810 over a spring, a frame wagon shed, a log hog barn, and a frame forebay bank barn. The farm buildings were used as a hospital during the American Civil War in Battle of Antietam from the day of the battle on September 17, 1862, and through the following month. Over 800 men were hospitalized in the barn, house, outbuildings, and grounds.

The Hoffman Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Washington County, Maryland
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. The population was 154,705 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and largest city is Hagerstown. The county is part of the Western Maryland region of the state.

Washington County was the first county in the United States to be named for the Revolutionary War general (and later President) George Washington. Washington County is one of three Maryland counties recognized by the Appalachian Regional Commission as being part of Appalachia. The county borders southern Pennsylvania to the north, Northern Virginia to the south, and the Martinsburg Panhandle of West Virginia to the south and west. Washington County is included in the Hagerstown metropolitan area, which is also included in the Washington metropolitan area.
Lukut
Lukut is a suburb located to the northeast of Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

It was once part of Selangor, serving as a thriving tin mining town in the early 19th-century before being ceded to Sungai Ujong domain in 1880 to which formed part of the modern borders of Negeri Sembilan.

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
Kazuyuki Ishihara
Kazuyuki Ishihara (石原和幸 Ishihara Kazuyuki) is a Japanese garden designer who has won many gold medals at the Chelsea Flower Show.  His design for 2019 is an artisan garden, "Green Switch", whose theme is switching from the urban environment to a natural one. It is planted with horsetail, iris, maple, moss, pine, watercress and features two waterfalls and a Japanese tea room.

Chelsea Flower Show
The RHS Chelsea Flower Show, formally known as the Great Spring Show, is a garden show held for five days in May by the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) in the grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in Chelsea, London. Held at Chelsea since 1912, the show is attended by members of the British royal family.

Highlights to the Chelsea Flower Show include the avant-garde show gardens designed by leading names with Floral Marquee at the centrepiece. The Show also features smaller gardens such as the Artisan and Urban Gardens.