hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Splunk
Splunk Inc. is an American software company based in San Francisco, California, that produces software for searching, monitoring, and analyzing machine-generated data via a web-style interface. A subsidiary of Cisco, its software helps capture, index and correlate real-time data in a searchable repository, from which it can generate graphs, reports, alerts, dashboards and visualizations.  Splunk describes its products as SIEM, SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response), and observability solutions.

The firm uses machine data for identifying data patterns, providing metrics, diagnosing problems and providing intelligence for business operations. It is a horizontal technology used for application management, security and compliance, as well as business and web analytics.

In September 2023, it was announced that Splunk would be acquired by Cisco for $28 billion in an all-cash deal.  The transaction was completed on March 18, 2024.

Observability (software)
In software engineering, more specifically in distributed computing, observability is the ability to collect data about programs' execution, modules' internal states, and the communication among components. To improve observability, software engineers use a wide range of logging and tracing techniques to gather telemetry information, and tools to analyze and use it. Observability is foundational to site reliability engineering, as it is the first step in triaging a service outage.
One of the goals of observability is to minimize the amount of prior knowledge needed to debug an issue.
Persakis
Persakis (Greek: Περσάκης) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ioannis Persakis (1877–1943), Greek athlete who competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics

Petros Persakis (1879–1952), Greek gymnast who competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics

Ioannis Persakis
Ioannis Persakis (Greek: Ιωάννης Περσάκης; 1877–1943) was a Greek athlete.  He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. He was born in Athens. Persakis competed in the triple jump, taking third place.  His best jump was 12.52 metres.
Seokjeok
Seokjeok-eup is a town (eup in Korean) in South Korea on the Nakdong River.  It is part of Chilgok and is situated roughly midway between the cities of Gumi and Waegwan.  Many residents work at the small, mostly owner-operated local shops.  However, the vast majority of the population works in either Gumi and Waegwan, and the village itself serves primarily as a bedroom community.

Nakdong River
The Nakdong River or Nakdonggang (Korean: 낙동강, pronounced [nak̚t͈oŋgaŋ]) is the longest river in South Korea, which passes through the major cities of Daegu and Busan. It takes its name from its role as the eastern border of the Gaya confederacy during Korea's Three Kingdoms Era.
Utagawa Toyokuni
Utagawa Toyokuni (歌川 豊国; 1769 – 24 February 1825), also often referred to as Toyokuni I, to distinguish him from the members of his school who took over his gō (art-name) after he died, was a great master of ukiyo-e, known in particular for his kabuki actor prints. He was the second head of the renowned Utagawa school of Japanese woodblock artists, and was the artist who elevated it to the position of great fame and power it occupied for the rest of the nineteenth century.

Woodblock printing in Japan
Woodblock printing in Japan (木版画, mokuhanga) is a technique best known for its use in the ukiyo-e artistic genre, but it was also used for printing books in the same period. Invented in China during the Tang dynasty, woodblock printing was widely adopted in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868). It is similar to woodcut in Western printmaking in some regards, but was widely used for text as well as images. The Japanese mokuhanga technique differs in that it uses water-based inks—as opposed to Western woodcut, which typically uses oil-based inks. Japanese water-based inks provide a wide range of vivid colors, glazes, and transparency.
Book of Steps
The Book of Steps (Syriac: ܟܬܒܐ ܕܡܣ̈ܩܬܐ, Kṯāḇâ ḏ-Masqāṯâ; also known by the Latin name Liber Graduum) is an anonymous Syriac treatise on spiritual direction, probably written in the late fourth century AD (or possibly early fifth century). The author appears to be living in the Sasanian Empire, perhaps somewhere near the Lesser Zab, as it is mentioned in Memra Thirty, and addresses the author's own Christian community.

Treatise
A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subjects concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions. A monograph is a treatise on a specialized topic.
Asbury Park Sea Urchins
The Asbury Park Sea Urchins were a minor league baseball team based in Asbury Park, New Jersey in 1914. The Asbury Park team previously played as members of the 1897 New Jersey State League before the Urchins played a partial season as members of the 1914 Atlantic League.

Red Shannon
Maurice Joseph "Red" Shannon (February 11, 1897 – April 12, 1970) born in Jersey City, New Jersey was an American infielder for the Boston Braves (1915), Philadelphia Athletics (1917–1919 and 1920–21), Boston Red Sox (1919), Washington Senators (1920) and Chicago Cubs (1926).

Over the course of seven seasons, he played in 310 games, drove in 91 runs, stole 21 bases, hit 0 home runs, and had a slash line of .259/.334/.336. His 22 career triples are the most for a player without a home run.

He was the twin brother of Joe Shannon, and the two played on the Braves during the 1915 season.  He died in his hometown at the age of 73.
Shriharsha
Shri-harsha (IAST: Śrīharṣa) was a 12th century CE Indian philosopher and poet. Śrīharṣa works discuss various themes in Indian Philosophy, such as pramana. He has been often interpreted as promoting Advaita Vedānta in his Sweets of Refutation (Khaṇḍanakhaṇḍanakhādya), however, this interpretation remains controversial among modern scholars. Śrīharṣa's thought was influential for both Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika thinkers and also for the Advaita Vedānta tradition.

Indian poetry
Indian poetry and Indian literature in general, has a long history dating back to Vedic times. They were written in various Indian languages such as Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit, Ancient Meitei, Modern Meitei, Telugu, Tamil, Odia, Maithili, Kannada, Bengali, Assamese, Hindi, Marathi and Urdu among other prominent languages. Poetry in foreign languages such as English also has a strong influence on Indian poetry. The poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India. In particular, many Indian poets have been inspired by mystical experiences. Poetry is the oldest form of literature and has a rich written and oral tradition.
Jennie Lee, Baroness Lee of Asheridge
Janet Lee, Baroness Lee of Asheridge, PC LLD HonFRA (3 November 1904 – 16 November 1988), known as Jennie Lee, was a Scottish politician. She was a Labour Member of Parliament from a by-election in 1929 until 1931 and then from 1945 to 1970.

As Minister for the Arts in Harold Wilson's government of 1964–1970, she played a leading role in the foundation of the Open University  working directly with Harold Wilson to establish the principle of open access: "Enrolment as a student of the University should be open to everyone … irrespective of educational qualifications, and no formal entrance requirement should be imposed."

She was married to the Welsh Labour politician Aneurin Bevan from 1934 until his death in 1960.

Cannock (UK Parliament constituency)
Cannock was a parliamentary constituency in Staffordshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until it was abolished for the 1983 general election. It was effectively recreated in 1997 as the seat of Cannock Chase.
Pádraic Monaghan
Pádraic Monaghan (3 April 1959 – 2 September 2024) was an Irish Gaelic footballer and manager. He played at club level with Garrymore and at inter-county level with the Mayo senior football team. Monaghan was also involved with the St Jude's club in Dublin.

Sigerson Cup
The Sigerson Cup /ˈsɪɡərsən/ is the trophy for the premier Gaelic football championship among Higher Education institutions (Universities, Colleges and Institutes of Technology) in Ireland. It traditionally begins in mid January and ends in late February. The Sigerson Cup competition is administered by Comhairle Ard Oideachais Cumann Lúthchleas Gael (CLG), the GAA's Higher Education Council.

The Trench Cup is the second tier football competition, Corn na Mac Léinn the third tier and Corn Comhairle Ardoideachais the fourth tier. The Fitzgibbon Cup is the hurling equivalent of the Sigerson Cup.
Xanthoconium affine
Xanthoconium affine is a species of bolete fungus of the genus Xanthoconium. First described as a species of Boletus by Charles Horton Peck in 1873, it was placed in its current genus by Rolf Singer in 1944.

The convex cap is 3.5–9 centimetres (1+1⁄2–3+1⁄2 in) wide and brownish. The pores are whitish, darkening with age. The stem is 3.5–9 cm tall and 1–2 cm thick. The flesh is white with a mild scent. The spore print is yellowish brown.

It may resemble X. purpureum, Boletus separans, and Tylopilus felleus.

It can be found under oak and beech trees in eastern North America from June to September.

The species is regarded as edible.

Charles Horton Peck
Charles Horton Peck (March 30, 1833 – July 11, 1917) was an American mycologist of the 19th and early 20th centuries. He was the New York State Botanist from 1867 to 1915, a period in which he described over 2,700 species of North American fungi.
EMD GT18LC-2
The GM-EMD GT18LC-2 diesel electric locomotive was introduced by Electro-Motive Diesel as an export model switcher in the 1970s. The prototype model spent its life at the General Motors plant in London, Ontario, and inspired sales to Egypt (which then canceled their order) and later Malaysia's Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM) in 1980 where it was designated KTM Class 25. KTM had been facing a shortage of shunters at that time. The prototype was eventually sold with another eleven more units to KTM in 1990 and after seeing the locomotives' reliability, placed a second order of five locomotives which arrived in 2002. Bangladesh Railway is the largest user of the class with 55 locomotives built by General Motors Diesel and Hyundai Rotem as Class 2600 and Class 2900, respectively.

During KTM's second order of the GT18LC-2, Ghana Railway also placed an order for 14 locomotives of the same model which arrived in 1996.

Hyundai Rotem
Hyundai Rotem Company, often referred to as Hyundai Rotem (Korean: 현대로템; RR: Hyeondae Rotem), is a South Korean manufacturer of railway rolling stock, railway signalling,  defense products and plant equipment. It is a member of Hyundai Motor Group and has presence in more than 50 countries worldwide. As of 2024, Hyundai Rotem has more than 4,100 employees.
Let Me Be the One (The Shadows song)
"Let Me Be the One" was the United Kingdom's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1975, written by Paul Curtis and performed in English by the band The Shadows.

The song was performed ninth that night. At the close of voting, it had received 138 points, placing it 2nd out of 19.

Brian Bennett
Brian Laurence Bennett (born 9 February 1940) is an English drummer, pianist, composer and producer of popular music. He is best known as the drummer of the UK rock and roll group the Shadows. He is the father of musician and Shadows band member Warren Bennett.
Proper orthogonal decomposition
The proper orthogonal decomposition is a numerical method that enables a reduction in the complexity of computer intensive simulations such as computational fluid dynamics and structural analysis (like crash simulations). Typically in fluid dynamics and turbulences analysis, it is used to replace the Navier–Stokes equations by simpler models to solve.

Proper orthogonal decomposition is associated with model order reduction. The orthogonally decomposed model can be characterized as a surrogate model; to this end, the method is also associated with the field of machine learning.

Turbulence modeling
In fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling is the construction and use of a mathematical model to predict the effects of turbulence. Turbulent flows are commonplace in most real-life scenarios. In spite of decades of research, there is no analytical theory to predict the evolution of these turbulent flows. The equations governing turbulent flows can only be solved directly for simple cases of flow. For most real-life turbulent flows, CFD simulations use turbulent models to predict the evolution of turbulence. These turbulence models are simplified constitutive equations that predict the statistical evolution of turbulent flows.
Raul Meireles
Raul José Trindade Meireles (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁɐˈul mɐjˈɾɛlɨʃ]; born 17 March 1983) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

After starting out at Boavista, he signed with Porto in 2004, going on to appear in 198 official games and win ten major trophies, including four Primeira Liga titles in a row. From 2010 to 2012 he competed in the Premier League, with Liverpool and Chelsea, winning the 2012 Champions League with the latter; he also spent several seasons in Turkey with Fenerbahçe.

A Portugal international since 2006, Meireles represented the country in two World Cups and two European Championships, earning a total of 73 caps and scoring ten goals. He also played Olympic football in 2004.

2013–14 Süper Lig
The 2013–14 Süper Lig (known as the Spor Toto Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons) was the 56th season of the Süper Lig, the highest tier football league of Turkey. The season began on 17 August 2013. Galatasaray were the defending champions, but Fenerbahçe matched their league title record of 19 after drawing 0–0 with Çaykur Rizespor on 27 April.
X PixMap
X PixMap (XPM) is an image file format used by the X Window System, created in 1989 by Daniel Dardailler and Colas Nahaboo working at Bull Research Center at Sophia Antipolis, France, and later enhanced by Arnaud Le Hors.

It is intended primarily for creating icon pixmaps, and supports transparent pixels. Derived from the earlier XBM syntax, it is a plain text file in the XPM2 format or of a C programming language syntax, which can be included in a C program file.

Icon (computing)
In computing, an icon is a graphic symbol displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a computer system. It may also be a hardware icon. It can serve as an electronic hyperlink or file shortcut to access the program or data. The user can activate an icon using a mouse, pointer, finger, or voice commands. Their placement on the screen, also in relation to other icons, may provide further information to the user about their usage. In activating an icon, the user can move directly into and out of the identified function without knowing anything further about the location or requirements of the file or code.

Icons as parts of the graphical user interface of a computer system, in conjunction with windows, menus and a pointing device (mouse), belong to the much larger topic of the history of the graphical user interface that has largely supplanted the text-based interface for casual use.
Tina Rättyä
Tina Maria Rättyä (born 12 November 1968 in Jakobstad, Ostrobothnia) is a retired Finnish heptathlete, who was nicknamed Tinuli. She is the cousin of Susann Sundqvist.

She finished thirteenth at the 1991 World Championships and the 1993 World Championships, tenth at the 1994 European Indoor Championships, eighth at the 1994 European Championships and sixteenth at the 1995 World Championships.

1993 World Championships in Athletics – Women's heptathlon
These are the official results of the Women's Heptathlon competition at the 1993 World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany. There were a total number of 34 participating athletes, including ten non-finishers. The competition started on Monday August 16, 1993, and ended on Tuesday August 17, 1993. The winning margin was 40 points.
Iisalmi
Iisalmi (Finnish: [ˈiːsɑlmi]; Swedish: Idensalmi) is a town and municipality in the region of North Savo in Finland. It is located 87 kilometres (54 mi) north of Kuopio and south of Kajaani. The municipality has a population of 20,330 (30 June 2025), which makes it the second largest of the five towns in North Savo in population, only Kuopio being larger. It covers an area of 872.20 square kilometres (336.76 sq mi)  of which 109.22 km2 (42.17 sq mi) is water. The population density is 26.65 inhabitants per square kilometre (69.0/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

In the 2010s, Iisalmi is known as an export industry town, as well as a significant study town in the region.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus is a genus which includes 36 species of small and medium-sized agamid lizards, commonly called toadhead agamas or toad-headed agamas, that inhabit open arid and semiarid environments of Asia and Eastern Europe. The systematics of this genus are very complicated with many controversial points of view about the unclear phylogeny of this group. All representatives of this genus have adopted the so-called "sit and wait" hunting strategy, and they actively use visual orientation when watching for food. In general, the ecological niche and role of Phrynocephalus species in lizard communities of arid environments of Asia are poorly studied but seem to be similar to those of Phrynosoma, Cophosaurus, Holbrookia, Uta, and Sceloporus in the New World, as well as Moloch in Australia.

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Nelly Ramassamy
Nelly Ramassamy (born (1983-12-04)4 December 1983) is a French female artistic gymnast, representing her nation at international competitions.

She participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics. 
She also competed at world championships, including the 1999 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, and 2003 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships.

2003 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 37th World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held in Anaheim, California, United States, from 16 to 24 August 2003.

Tie-breakers were not used at this competition. If two gymnasts received identical scores in the event finals, they were both awarded medals for their placement.
Identity–Liberties
The Identity–Liberties (French: Identité-Libertés, pronounced [idɑ̃tite libɛʁte], IDL) is a French far-right political party currently led by Marion Maréchal. The party was founded in 2013 and was initially known as Common Sense (French: Sens commun). In 2020, the party changed its name to the Conservative Movement (French: Mouvement conservateur, pronounced [muvmɑ̃ kɔ̃sɛʁvatœʁ]). Marion Maréchal took over the party in October 2024, and changed its name to IDL.

Guillaume Peltier
Guillaume Peltier (French pronunciation: [ɡijom pɛltje]; born 27 August 1976) is a French politician, former teacher and business leader, who was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2024. He represented the 2nd constituency of the Loir-et-Cher department in the National Assembly from 2017 to 2022. He has also served in the Departmental Council of Loir-et-Cher for the canton of Chambord since 2021. A former member of The Republicans, Peltier joined Reconquête to support Éric Zemmour's presidential candidacy in 2022.
Treaty of Bassein (1802)
The Treaty of Bassein was a pact between the English East India Company and Baji Rao II, the Maratha confederacy's Peshwa, it was signed on 31 December 1802 after the Battle of Poona, at the present day Bassein (Vasai). The treaty was a decisive step in the dissolution of the Maratha Empire, which led to the East India Company's annexation of the empire's territories in western India in 1818.

On 13 May 1803, Baji Rao II was restored as Peshwa under the protection of the East India Company and Peshwa had thus become a client ruler of the British. The treaty led to expansion of the Company rule over the Indian subcontinent. However, the treaty was not acceptable to all Marathas chieftains, and resulted in the Second Anglo-Maratha War.

Dissolution (politics)
Dissolution in politics is when a state, institution, nation, or administrative region dissolves or ceases to exist, usually separating into two or more entities, or being annexed. This can be carried out through armed conflict, legal means, diplomacy, or a combination of any or all of the three. It is similar to dissolution in the legal sense.

It is not to be confused with secession, where a state, institution, nation, or administrative region leaves; nor federalisation where the structure changes but is not dissolved. There have been several dissolutions in history, while others have been proposed or advanced as hypotheticals.
Xiao-Li Meng
Xiao-Li Meng (Chinese: 孟晓犁; born 1963) is a Chinese American statistician and the Whipple V. N. Jones Professor of Statistics at Harvard University. He has written numerous research papers about Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms and other statistical methodology.

Statistician
A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.

It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may work as employees or as statistical consultants.