hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swagap people
The Swagap are one of the indigenous peoples of Papua New Guinea. They are also known as the Insect Tribe. They speak the Nggala language (also called Swagap or Sogap), which is one of the Sepik languages belonging to the Ndu branch.

Ndu languages
The Ndu languages are the best known family of the Sepik languages of East Sepik Province in northern Papua New Guinea. Ndu is the word for 'man' in the languages that make up this group. The languages were first identified as a related family by Kirschbaum in 1922.

Along with the Arapesh languages, Ndu languages are among the best documented languages in the Sepik basin, with comprehensive grammars available for many languages.

A diagnostic innovative feature in the Ndu languages is the replacement of the proto-Sepik pronoun *wun ‘I’ with proto-Ndu *an ~ *na.
Calcar
The calcar, also known as the calcaneum, is the name given to a spur of cartilage arising from inner side of ankle and running along part of outer interfemoral membrane in bats, as well as to a similar spur on the legs of some arthropods.

The calcar serves to help spread the interfemoral membrane, which is part of the wing membrane between the tail and the hind legs.

Calcar (femorale) also refers to the dense, vertically oriented bone present in the posteromedial region of the femoral shaft inferior to the lesser trochanter.

Bulldog bat
The bat family Noctilionidae, commonly known as bulldog bats or fishing bats, is represented by two extant species, the greater and the lesser bulldog bats, as well as at least one fossil species, Noctilio lacrimaelunaris, from the Miocene of Argentina. The naked bulldog bat (Cheiromeles torquatus) does not belong to this family, but to the family Molossidae, the free-tailed bats. They are found near water in the Neotropics, from Mexico to Argentina and also in the Caribbean islands. In these areas they can be found roosting in groups within hollow trees, caves, manmade homes, or other openings with enough space. While the two species exhibit different social and foraging behaviors both tend to return to a main roosting spot while also visiting other alternative roosting spots.
Ben Thompson (lawman)
Ben Thompson (November 2, 1843 – March 11, 1884) was a gunman, gambler, and sometimes lawman of the Old West. He was a contemporary of "Buffalo" Bill Cody, Bat Masterson, John Wesley Hardin, and "Wild Bill" Hickok, some of whom considered him a friend, others an enemy.  Thompson fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War, and later for Emperor Maximilian in Mexico.  After he was hired in 1881 as marshal in Austin, Texas, the crime rate reportedly dropped sharply.  Thompson was murdered at the age of 40 in San Antonio, Texas, in the "Vaudeville Theater Ambush."

Marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement.

In most countries, the rank of Marshal is the highest Army rank (equivalent to a five-star General of the Army in the United States).
Fedor Tyutin
Fedor Anatolievich Tyutin (Russian: Фёдор Анатольевич Тютин, Fjodor Tjutin; born 19 July 1983) is a Russian former professional ice hockey defenceman. Tyutin was drafted in the second round, 40th overall by the New York Rangers in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.

Russian Superleague
The Russian Superleague (Russian: Чемпионат России Суперлига, Russian Championship Superleague), commonly abbreviated as RSL, was the highest division of the main professional ice hockey league in Russia. It was considered the second-best league in the world, after the National Hockey League (NHL) of North America. It was a part of the Russian Pro Hockey League which was composed of three divisions — the Superleague, Major League (Vysshaya Liga), and First League (Pervaya Liga).

The league was rebranded after the 2007–08 season as the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The KHL absorbed all 20 teams from the previous RSL season, for a total of 24 for its inaugural campaign.
Camden High School (New South Wales)
Camden High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in the town of Camden, in the Macarthur region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1956, the school catered for approximately 1,100 students, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom five percent identified as Indigenous Australians and ten percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
Pamlico Capital
Pamlico Capital, which was formerly called First Union Capital Partners and then Wachovia Capital Partners, is an independent private equity firm focused on growth capital and leveraged buyout investments in middle-market companies in the business services, technology services, telecommunications and healthcare industries.

The firm, which is based in Charlotte, North Carolina, was founded in 1988 as the private equity investment arm of First Union Corporation. The firm has invested approximately $3.8 billion in more than 200 companies since inception across two funds.

The firm is named for the Pamlico Sound, which is located in North Carolina.

Pamlico Sound
Pamlico Sound (/ˈpæmlɪkoʊ/ PAM-lik-oh) is a large estuarine lagoon in North Carolina.  The largest lagoon along the North American East Coast, it extends 80 mi (130 km) long and 15 to 20 miles (24 to 32 km) wide. It is part of a large, interconnected network of similar lagoons that includes Albemarle Sound, Currituck Sound, Croatan Sound, Roanoke Sound, Pamlico Sound, Bogue Sound, Back Sound, and Core Sound known collectively as the Albemarle-Pamlico sound system. With over 3,000 sq. mi. (7,800 km2) of open water the combined estuary is second only in size to 4,479 sq mi (11,600 km2) Chesapeake Bay in the United States.

The Pamlico Sound is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Outer Banks, a row of low, sandy barrier islands that include Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore, and Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge. The Albemarle-Pamlico Sound is one of nineteen great waters recognized by the America's Great Waters Coalition.
National Museum of the History of Ukraine
The National Museum of the History of Ukraine (stylized MIST, Ukrainian: Національний музей історії України, romanized: Natsionalnyi muzei istorii Ukrainy) illustrates Ukraine's history from ancient times to the present. It is one of the leading museums in Ukraine. It holds about 800,000 items in its collection, and usually has approximately 22,000 items on permanent display. The museum holds world-famous archaeological, numismatic, ethnographic and weapons collections, examples of decorative and applied arts, manuscripts, prints, paintings and drawings, as well as relics of the Ukrainian national liberation movement of the 20th century.

Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency,  including coins, tokens, paper money, medals, and related objects.

Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.

The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems.
Moses (bishop of the Arabs)
Moses or Saint Moses spent many years in the 4th century as a hermit on the fringes of the Roman empire between Egypt and Syria, before becoming the first Arab bishop of the Arab people. As he was well respected for his piety, faith, and alleged performance of miracles, Mavia, an Arab warrior-queen, made his consecration as bishop over her people a condition of any truce with Rome.

Moses had no fixed see after his consecration as bishop, journeying instead with his nomadic flock, converting many of them, and keeping peace between the different tribes and the Roman imperial authorities.

Piety
Piety is a virtue  which may include religious devotion or spirituality. A common element in most conceptions of piety is a duty of respect. In a religious context, piety may be expressed through pious activities or devotions, which may vary among countries and cultures.
Cowrie Point, Tasmania
Cowrie Point is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Circular Head in the North-west and west LGA region of the island state of Tasmania, Australia. The locality is about 26 kilometres (16 mi) east of the town of Smithton. The 2016 census recorded a population of 14 for the state suburb of Cowrie Point.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Bukovytsia
Bukovytsia is a ski resort in the Eastern Beskyd Carpathian forests of Ukraine. It is located in Boryslav. The first mentions about winter sports for this resort are from the times of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The official opening took place on January 5, 2016.

Divisions of the Carpathians
Divisions of the Carpathians are a categorization of the Carpathian Mountains system.

Below is a detailed overview of the major subdivisions and ranges of the Carpathian Mountains. The Carpathians are a "subsystem" of a bigger Alps-Himalaya System that stretches from western Europe all the way to southern Asia, and are further divided into "provinces" and "subprovinces". The last level of the division, i.e. the actual mountain ranges and basins, is usually classified as "units". The main divisions are shown in the map on the right.

To generalize, there are three major provinces (regions): Western Carpathians, Eastern Carpathians, and the Southern Carpathians.
Judo at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 60 kg
Men's 60 kg competition in judo at the 2000 Summer Olympics was held on 16 September at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre.

This event was the lightest of the men's judo weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of 60 kilograms of body mass. Like all other judo events, bouts lasted five minutes. If the bout was still tied at the end, it was extended for another five-minute, sudden-death period; if neither judoka scored during that period, the match is decided by the judges. The tournament bracket consisted of a single-elimination contest culminating in a gold medal match. There was also a repechage to determine the winners of the two bronze medals. Each judoka who had lost to a semifinalist competed in the repechage. The two judokas who lost in the semifinals faced the winner of the opposite half of the bracket's repechage in bronze medal bouts.

Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre
The Sydney Convention & Exhibition Centre was a convention, exhibition and entertainment complex in Darling Harbour, Sydney. The Exhibition Centre was designed by architect Philip Cox and the Convention Centre by John Andrews. The complex opened on 5 May 1988 as part of an urban renewal and redevelopment of the Darling Harbour area during the period. The complex was eventually demolished in 2013 to make way for the International Convention Centre.
Joseph Vivian Wilson
Joseph Vivian Wilson (1894–1977) was a New Zealand public servant and diplomat, and the New Zealand ambassador to France. He was born in Greendale, North Canterbury, New Zealand in 1894.

In 1953, Wilson was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal.

Greendale, New Zealand
Greendale is a lightly populated rural area, part of the Selwyn District, Canterbury, a region of New Zealand's South Island.

One of the first farmers was Thomas William Adams, a pioneer of forestry and education in the area.
Another one of the first farmers was Charles Early who moved to Greendale (Water ford) in 1876.

On 4 September 2010, Greendale became further notable as the location of the strongest earthquake ground-shaking ever recorded in New Zealand, registering an acceleration 1.25 times that of gravity.  This was later exceeded by the 2.2 g recordings during the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake at Heathcote Valley.
Bikwin–Jen languages
The Bikwin–Jen or simply the Jen languages form a branch of the Adamawa family. They are spoken in and around 	Karim Lamido LGA (to the north of Jalingo LGA) in Taraba State, and in other nearby states of eastern Nigeria.

Bikwin-Jen may not necessarily be a coherent group. Due to the internal diversity of Bikwin-Jen, Guldemann (2018) suggests that Bikwin and Jen could form separate groups.

Taraba State
TarabaListenⓘ  is a state in north-eastern Nigeria, named after the Taraba River, which traverses the southern part of the state. It is nicknamed "Nature's Gift to the Nation". The state capital is Jalingo. It is home to a diverse population including about 80 distinct ethnicities and their languages.
The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (TV series)
The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle is an American animated sitcom produced by DreamWorks Animation Television which is a reboot of the 1959–64 animated television series of the same name. It debuted on May 11, 2018, on Amazon Prime Video, being DreamWorks Animation Television's first series to air on a streaming service other than Netflix. Like its preceding spin-off The Mr. Peabody & Sherman Show, animation was outsourced by DHX Media's 2D animation studio in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The second and final "part" of the series was released on January 11, 2019.

Studio B Productions
Studio B Productions, Inc. (sometimes known as just Studio B and later known as DHX Media Vancouver) was a Canadian animation studio and production company founded by Blair Peters and Chris Bartleman in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1988. The studio was acquired by DHX Media (now WildBrain) on December 4, 2007, and became a subsidiary there since then.

The Studio B brand was discontinued in 2011, while the studio itself merged with fellow DHX subsidiary Nerd Corps Entertainment to form DHX Studios (now WildBrain Studios) in 2016. All Studio B series were branded under the DHX Media name until 2019, when the latter rebranded as WildBrain.
Ganda Singh Bhangi
Ganda Singh Bhangi (died 1775) was a Sikh warrior of the late 18th century. Moreover, he was the Sardar of Amritsar, Lahore, Multan, Chiniot, Jhang, Bhera, Rawalpindi, Hasan Abdal, Sialkot and Gujrat in present-day Pakistan. His father was Hari Singh, a known Sikh warrior. He also had a famous warrior brother Jhanda Singh. He was appointed commander in chief of the forces by his older brother Jhanda Singh and after his death he became leader and sardar of the misl. Ganda Singh and his brother Jhanda Singh conquered Multan and controlled it until 1780.

Jhang
Jhang (Punjabi / Urdu: جھنگ; Punjabi pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʃə̀ŋ.gᵊ]; Urdu pronunciation: [d͡ʒʱəŋɡ]) is the capital city of Jhang District in central Punjab, Pakistan. Situated on the east bank of the Chenab River, it is the 14th most populous city in Pakistan.
2020–21 Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague
The 2020–21 Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague was the 2020–21 edition of the Ukrainian top-tier basketball championship. Dnipro were the defending champions. The season started on 7 October 2020 and ended 14 June 2021.

This season marked the debut season of BC Ternopil. Prometey won its first-ever Ukrainian league title.

Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague
The Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague (USL) (Ukrainian: Українська баскетбольна суперліга, romanized: Ukrainska basketbolna superliha) is the first-tier level of professional basketball league in Ukraine. Established in 1992, the league is currently contested by 10 clubs. It is a tier above the Ukrainian Higher League and allows for one team from the Higher League each season to be promoted.

The league exists out of a regular season, in which team play for playoff-seeding, followed by playoffs to determine the Ukrainian champion. Budivelnyk is the most successful team in league history with 11 titles. The winners of the Superleague qualify for the qualifying rounds of the Basketball Champions League (BCL).
Frederick Cogman
Frederick Walter Cogman  AKC (4 March 1913 – 23 July 2005) was Dean of Guernsey from 1967 to 1978

He was born on 4 March 1913, educated at Rutlish Grammar School and King's College London, and ordained in 1938. After a curacy at Upton-cum-Chalvey he became  Chaplain and Housemaster of St George's School, Harpenden. He was Rector of St Martin, Guernsey from 1948  to  1976; and of St Peter Port  from then until 1978.

He died on 23 July 2005.

Christianity portal

Rutlish School
Rutlish School is a state comprehensive school for boys, formerly a grammar school with the same name originally located on Rutlish Road, Merton Park, and relocated in 1957 on nearby Watery Lane, Merton Park, in southwest London.
Bergen auf Rügen (Amt)
Bergen auf Rügen is an Amt in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The seat of the Amt is in Bergen auf Rügen. It was established on Jan 1, 2005 as a combination of the Amt Bergen/Land, the Amt Garz and the city of Bergen auf Rügen, which previously did not have its own Amt.

The Amt Bergen auf Rügen consists of the following municipalities:

Bergen auf Rügen

Buschvitz

Garz/Rügen

Gustow

Lietzow

Parchtitz

Patzig

Poseritz

Ralswiek

Rappin

Sehlen

Garz (Rügen)
Garz (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁts] ⓘ) is a town in the county of Vorpommern-Rügen in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The town is administered by the Amt of Bergen auf Rügen, in the town of the same name.
Mechel
Mechel (Russian: ПАО «Мечел») is one of Russia's mining and metals companies, comprising producers of coal, iron ore in concentrate, steel, rolled steel products.  Headquartered in Moscow, it sells its products in Russia and overseas, and is formally known as Public Joint Stock Company Mechel.

Udmurtia
Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk.

It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Votskaya) an autonomous region of the Udmurts, Udmurtia, within Russia on November 4, 1920.
Bophumpa Creek
Bophumpa Creek is a stream in Holmes County in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It is a tributary to Fannegusha Creek.

The stream headwaters arise at 33°12′18″N 89°56′56″W﻿ / ﻿33.20500°N 89.94889°W﻿ / 33.20500; -89.94889 at an elevation of approximately 420 feet. The stream flows generally westward for approximately six miles through a rural area passing under Mississippi Highway 17 one mile north of the community of Lebanon to its confluence with Fannegusha Creek at 33°12′33″N 90°04′09″W﻿ / ﻿33.20917°N 90.06917°W﻿ / 33.20917; -90.06917 at elevation of 197 feet.

Bophumpa Creek is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to mean either "rain creek" or "pawpaw creek". A variant name is "Sweet Water Creek".

Mississippi Highway 17
Mississippi Highway 17 (MS 17) is a state highway in central Mississippi. It runs from north to south for 70.4 miles (113.3 km), serving the counties of Madison, a small portion of Yazoo, Holmes, and Carroll.
Disappearances of Terrance Williams and Felipe Santos
Terrance Williams and Felipe Santos went missing in 2004 and 2003, respectively, under similar circumstances in Naples, Florida, U.S. Both men were last seen being arrested by Steve Calkins, then a deputy in the Collier County Sheriff's Department, for driving without a license. Calkins claims that he changed his mind about both arrests, and last saw the men after he dropped them at Circle K convenience stores.

On September 4, 2018, actor, director, and producer Tyler Perry offered a $200,000 reward for any information leading to the location of the men or an arrest in the case. Al Sharpton of the National Action Network and Ben Jealous of the NAACP also joined Perry in raising awareness of the case. The disappearances were covered by multiple television shows, such as the Investigation Discovery series Disappeared. and Never Seen Again.

Ben Jealous
Benjamin Todd Jealous (born January 18, 1973) is an American political activist. He served as the president and CEO of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 2008 to 2013.

Jealous was the Democratic nominee in the 2018 Maryland gubernatorial election, losing to the incumbent Republican governor Larry Hogan.

Jealous then served as president of People for the American Way from 2020 to 2022. In November 2022, he was named executive director of the Sierra Club. He led the Sierra Club from January 2023 until his termination in August 2025.
Voldemārs Matvejs
Voldemārs Matvejs (1877–1914) was a Latvian artist and art theorist. Despite dying in 1914, he was to have a significant impact on the development of Soviet art. Nikolay Punin remarked: "If he had not died so early he would have been the first among us: he knew what was necessary for art better than the others: he saw and understood better than the rest." He was one of the founders of the Union of Youth in 1908.

He had a particular interest in African art and his writing in this area has been compared with that of Carl Einstein.

Nikolay Punin
Nikolay Nikolayevich Punin (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Пу́нин; November 28 [O.S. December 11] 1888 – August 21, 1953) was a Russian art scholar and writer. He edited several magazines, such as Izobrazitelnoye Iskusstvo among others, and was also co-founder of the Department of Iconography in the State Russian Museum. Punin was a lifelong friend and common-law husband of poet Anna Akhmatova who is famous for writing the poem Requiem.
No Pain, No Gain (2005 film)
No Pain, No Gain is a 2005 American comedy-drama film starring Gus Malliarodakis, Joe Hursley, Julie Strain, Harry Knowles, Lauren Powers, Toni Ferrai, co-written by Samuel Turcotte and Jodi Lane Baum and directed by Samuel Turcotte.

Julie Strain
Julie Ann Strain (February 18, 1962 – January 10, 2021) was an American actress and model. She was chosen by Penthouse as Pet of the Month in June 1991 and Pet of the Year in 1993. Her biggest mainstream acting role was Julie, the protagonist in Heavy Metal 2000.
Gilttoyees Inlet
Gilttoyees Inlet is an inlet in the North Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It extends north from Douglas Channel. Its name derives from the Haisla term for the inlet, Giltu'yis (English: long inlet). It was first charted in 1793 by Joseph Whidbey and Robert Barrie, two of George Vancouver's officers during his 1791-95 expedition.

Robert Barrie
Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Barrie, KCB, KCH (5 May 1774 – 7 June 1841) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. He was helped early in his naval career by the patronage of his uncle, Sir Alan Gardner, who arranged for him to take part in the Vancouver Expedition. When the Pacific Coast was explored, he had served as a midshipman with Captain Vancouver in 1791. He attained the rank of Rear-Admiral in the Royal Navy.