hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
20th Regiment of Light Dragoons
Four cavalry regiments of the British Army have been called the 20th Regiment of Light Dragoons:

20th Light Dragoons (1760), Enniskilling Light Horse, an Irish corps of hussars raised in 1760, and disbanded in 1763

20th Light Dragoons (1779), raised in 1779 from the light troops of the 3rd Dragoon Guards, 1st Dragoons and 11th Dragoons, and disbanded in 1783

20th Light Dragoons, Jamaica Dragoons, raised in 1795, and seeing service in the Second Maroon War, the British invasions of the River Plate and the Peninsular War before being disbanded 1818

The former 2nd Bengal European Cavalry of the East India Company service, transferred to the British Army in 1862, and redesignated as the 20th Hussars in 1877. In 1890, they were recognized as the successor unit of the and awarded their battle honours; after several amalgamations, they are now represented by the King's Royal Hussars

Second Maroon War
The Second Maroon War of 1795–1796 was an eight-month conflict between the Maroons of Cudjoe's Town (Trelawny Town), a Maroon settlement later renamed after Governor Edward Trelawny at the end of First Maroon War, located near Trelawny Parish, Jamaica in the St James Parish, and the British colonials who controlled the island. The Windward communities of Jamaican Maroons remained neutral during this rebellion and their treaty with the British still remains in force. Accompong Town, however, sided with the colonial militias, and fought against Trelawny Town.
Leasehold valuation tribunal
A leasehold valuation tribunal (LVT) was a statutory tribunal in England which determined various types of landlord and tenant dispute involving residential property in the private sector. An LVT consisted of a panel of three; one with a background in property law (generally a solicitor); one with a background in property valuation generally a qualified surveyor; and a layman, although some decisions of an LVT were decided by a single member. LVTs were non-departmental public bodies.

The leasehold valuation tribunals were abolished under the Transfer of Tribunal Functions Order 2013 and their functions were transferred to the Property Chamber of the newly created First-tier Tribunal with effect from 1 July 2013.

Non-departmental public body
In the United Kingdom, non-departmental public body (NDPB) is a classification applied by the Cabinet Office, Treasury, the Scottish Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive to public sector organisations that have a role in the process of national government but are not part of a government department. NDPBs carry out their work largely independently from ministers and are accountable to the public through Parliament; however, ministers are responsible for the independence, effectiveness, and efficiency of non-departmental public bodies in their portfolio.

The term includes the four types of NDPB (executive, advisory, tribunal, and independent monitoring boards) but excludes public corporations and public broadcasters (BBC, Channel 4, and S4C).
Andringitra National Park
Andringitra National Park is a national park in the Haute Matsiatra region of Madagascar, 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of Ambalavao. The park was established in 1999 and is managed by the Madagascar National Parks Association. It was inscribed in the World Heritage Site in 2007 as part of the Rainforests of the Atsinanana.

Madagascar National Parks
Madagascar National Parks, formerly known as the Association Nationale pour la Gestion des Aires Protégées (ANGAP; lit. 'National Association for the Management of Protected Areas'), founded in 1990, manages 46 National Parks, Special Reserves and Integral Nature Reserves in Madagascar. Although a private association, since 4 December 1991, it is legally recognised to have a public function and operates under the supervision of the Ministry of the Environment and Forests (MEF).

The association's mission statetement is "To establish, conserve and sustainably manage a national network of parks and reserves representative of the biological diversity and the natural heritage of Madagascar."
Menkib
Menkib can refer to the following stars (the name derives from the Arabic منكب mankib, meaning "shoulder"):

Menkib, the proper name approved by the International Astronomical Union for the star Xi Persei, in the constellation of Perseus. (It was previously also spelt Menchib or Menkhib.)

Mankib, traditional name for the star Beta Pegasi in the constellation of Pegasus.

Menkab, traditional name for the star Alpha Orionis or Betelgeuse in the constellation of Orion

Markab, the proper name approved by the International Astronomical Union for the star (Alpha Pegasi), in the constellation of Pegasus.

Xi Persei
Xi Persei (ξ Persei, abbreviated Xi Per, ξ Per), known also as Menkib /ˈmɛŋkɪb/, is a star in the constellation of Perseus. Based upon parallax measurements taken during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 1,200 light-years from the Sun.
Xara
Xara is an international software company founded in 1981, with an HQ in Berlin and development office in Hemel Hempstead, UK. It has developed software for a variety of computer platforms, in chronological order: the Acorn Atom, BBC Micro, Z88, Atari ST, Acorn Archimedes, Microsoft Windows, Linux, and more recently web browser-based services.

Cambridge Z88
The Cambridge Z88 is a Z80-based notebook computer released in 1987 by Cambridge Computer, the company formed for this purpose by Clive Sinclair. It was approximately A4 paper sized and lightweight at 0.9 kg (2.0 lb), running on four AA batteries for 20 hours of use.

It was packaged with a built-in combined word processing/spreadsheet/database application called PipeDream (functionally equivalent to a 1987 BBC Micro ROM called Acornsoft View Professional), along with several other applications and utilities, such as a Z80-version of the BBC BASIC programming language.
Dexter Gymnasium
Dexter Gymnasium is a historic gymnasium located at Dexter, Stoddard County, Missouri.  It was built in 1939-1940 during the Great Depression on a block donated to the local school system, and shares the block with a school and library. It is a rectangular two-story, Art Deco-style, reinforced concrete and brick building. It measures 88 feet by 96 feet and has a gentle geodesic arch roof. "The 
fourteen "ziggurat"-styled support columns or buttresses, seven each along the north and south facades,
with their incised vertical lines, are an excellent example of this Art Deco style.": 5

The school district built a new gymnasium in 1960, and this building was adapted for community use. In 1996 the school district donated the building and property to the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Gym
A gym, short for gymnasium (pl.: gymnasiums or gymnasia), is an indoor venue for exercise and sports. The word is derived from the ancient Greek term "gymnasion". They are commonly found in athletic and fitness centres, and as activity and learning spaces in educational institutions. "Gym" is also the commonly used name for a "fitness centre" or health club, which is often an area for indoor recreation. A "gym" may include or describe adjacent open air areas as well. In Western countries, "gyms" often describe places with indoor or outdoor courts for basketball, hockey, tennis, boxing or wrestling, and with equipment and machines used for physical development training, or to do exercises. In many European countries, Gymnasium (and variations of the word) also can describe a secondary school that prepares students for higher education at a university, with or without the presence of athletic courts, fields, or equipment.
Squire (album)
Squire is the second solo album by Alan Hull. The album was recorded at Morgan Studios during December 1974 and January 1975, except "Waiting" which was recorded at Trident Studios with Roy Baker in March 1973. Squire was released on Warner Brothers, K56121, in 1975.

Morgan Studios
Morgan Studios (founded as Morgan Sound Studios) was an independent recording studio in Willesden in northwest London. Founded in 1967, the studio was the location for recordings by notable artists and bands such as The Cure, Jethro Tull, the Kinks, Paul McCartney, Yes, Black Sabbath, Pink Floyd, Donovan, Joan Armatrading, Cat Stevens, Rod Stewart, UFO and many more. Morgan sold its studios in the early 1980s, with some of its studios succeeded by Battery Studios.
Al Ashmur
Al Ashmur (Arabic: الأشمور, romanized: al-Ashmūr) is an 'uzlah in Amran District of 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. It is located in the highlands west of 'Amran and south of Jabal Iyal Yazid. The route from 'Amran to Kuhlan Affar and Hajjah passes through this area, and there is also a route branching off to the south, towards al-Zafin and Mudaʽ. This southern route was historically used by armies on occasion, as mentioned in sources such as the Ghayat al-amani of Yahya ibn al-Husyan. The first mention of al-Ashmur in that source is in the year 918 (306 AH). According to Hermann von Wissmann, al-Ashmur may take its name from the ruin site of Shamr.

Hajjah
Hajjah (Arabic: حَجَّة, romanized: Ḥajjah) is the capital city of Hajjah Governorate in north-western Yemen. It is located 127 kilometres northwest of Sanaa, at an elevation of about 1800 metres. As of 2003, the Hajjah City District had a population of 53,887 inhabitants.
Giovanni Narzisi
Giovanni Narzisi (born 2 February 1929) is an Italian cinematographer, director and screenwriter.

Born in Palermo, Narzisi started his career in the 1950s as cameraman and assistant cinematographer of Mario Bava and Massimo Dallamano. He debuted as cinematographer in 1962, with the war film Oggi a Berlino; after working to films such as 
The Grim Reaper (1962), Love Factory (1964) and The Subversives (1967), he wrote and directed two films, the Spaghetti Western Djurado (1966) and the commedia sexy all'italiana Maschio latino cercasi (1977), which were both panned by critics and unsuccessful at the box office.

Commedia sexy all'italiana
The commedia sexy all'italiana (Italian: [komˈmɛːdja ˈsɛksi allitaˈljaːna], lit. "sex comedy Italian style"), also known as commedia scollacciata ("low-cut comedy") or commedia erotica all'italiana, is a subgenre of the Italian commedia all'italiana film genre.
Euschelspass
The Euschelspass (1,567 m) is a high mountain pass of the Swiss Alps, connecting Schwarzsee with Jaun in the canton of Fribourg. The pass lies on the watershed between the Jogne and the Sense and is located between the Chörblispitz and the Schafberg.

The pass is traversed by a trail.

Schafberg (Boltigen)
The Schafberg is a mountain peak above Boltigen located on the border between the cantons of Fribourg and Bern, north of Jaun. With a height 2,239 metres above sea level, it is the highest summit on the range lying north of the Jaun Pass. It is also the most isolated mountain in the canton of Fribourg.
Aerospace architecture
Aerospace architecture is broadly defined to encompass architectural design of non-habitable and habitable structures and living and working environments in aerospace-related facilities, habitats, and vehicles. These environments include, but are not limited to: science platform aircraft and aircraft-deployable systems; space vehicles, space stations, habitats and lunar and planetary surface construction bases; and Earth-based control, experiment, launch, logistics, payload, simulation and test facilities. Earth analogs to space applications may include Antarctic, desert, high altitude, underground, undersea environments and closed ecological systems.

The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Design Engineering Technical Committee (DETC) meets several times a year to discuss policy, education, standards, and practice issues pertaining to aerospace architecture.

Space vehicle
A space vehicle is the combination of a spacecraft and its launch vehicle which carries it into space. The earliest space vehicles were expendable launch systems, using a single or multistage rocket to carry a relatively small spacecraft in proportion to the total vehicle size and mass. An early exception to this, the Space Shuttle, consisted of a reusable orbital vehicle carrying crew and payload, supported by an expendable external propellant tank and two reusable solid-fuel booster rockets.

Reusable launch systems are currently being developed by private industry.

Early spacecraft or space vehicles were sometimes known as "spaceships", a term which comes from science fiction to designate a hypothetical vehicle which travels beyond low Earth orbit and is 100% reusable, needing only to be refueled like an airplane.
Anthurium clarinervium
Anthurium clarinervium is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae native to Chiapas, Mexico. The Anthurium genus is known to contain approximately 1,000 species, resulting in one of the most diverse Central American tropical plant genera.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Parshin chain
In number theory, a Parshin chain is a higher-dimensional analogue of a place of an algebraic number field. They were introduced by Parshin (1978) in order to define an analogue of the idele class group for 2-dimensional schemes.

A Parshin chain of dimension s on a scheme is a finite sequence of points p0, p1, ..., ps such that pi has dimension i and each point is contained in the closure of the next one.

Glossary of algebraic geometry
This is a glossary of algebraic geometry.

See also glossary of commutative algebra, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, and glossary of ring theory. For the number-theoretic applications, see glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry.

For simplicity, a reference to the base scheme is often omitted; i.e., a scheme will be a scheme over some fixed base scheme S and a morphism an S-morphism.
Luca Bish
Luca Laurence Bish (born 14 May 1999) is an English television personality. In 2022, he appeared as a contestant on the eighth series of the ITV2 dating show Love Island. He subsequently went on to appear in Celebrity MasterChef in 2023 and the second series of Love Island: All Stars in 2025.

ITV2
ITV2 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned by ITV plc. It was launched on 7 December 1998. For a number of years, it had the largest audience share after the five analogue terrestrial stations, a claim now held by its sister service ITV3 both of which are freely available to a majority of households.

The channel is primarily aimed at the 16–34 age group, similar to BBC Three and E4, and is known for American programming such as adult animations Family Guy, American Dad! and Bob's Burgers; repeats of recently aired episodes of soap operas and other entertainment programming from ITV such as Coronation Street, Emmerdale and Catchphrase; original comedy such as Celebrity Juice and Plebs; and reality formats such as Big Brother and Love Island.
Dimitrie Gusti
Dimitrie Gusti (Romanian pronunciation: [diˈmitri.e ˈɡusti]; 13 February 1880 – 30 October 1955) was a Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and voluntarist philosopher; a professor at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest, he served as Romania's Minister of Education in 1932–1933. Gusti was elected a member of the Romanian Academy in 1919, and was its president between 1944 and 1946. He was the main contributor to the creation of a new Romanian school of sociology.

He was a prominent member of the Peasants' Party, and later of the National Peasants' Party into which the former had merged.

Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, ethnos meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology).
Nagarain
Nagarain is a municipality in Dhanusha District in Province No. 2 of south-eastern Nepal. As of 2011 Nepal census, it has a population of 36,336 living in 6,478 individual households. It was formed by joining Fulgama, Devdiha, old Nagrain, Lagmagadha Guthi and Ghodghans village development committees. The total area of Nagarain municipality is 38.71 km2.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Giorgi Tsulukidze
Prince Giorgi Tsulukidze (Georgian: გიორგი წულუკიძე, Russian: Георгий Давидович Цулукидзе) (April 23, 1860 – May 19, 1923) was a Georgian military officer and anti-Soviet resistance leader.

Born of a noble family, Tsulukidze was educated at Elisavetgrad military pro-gymnasium and Tiflis infantry junkers' school. From 1876, he served in the Imperial Russian army. During World War I, he was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1915 and commanded a brigade in the 5th rifle division, then, in the years 1916–1917, the 174th Infantry Division and finally the 67th Infantry Division. On January 7, 1916, Giorgi Tsulukidze was awarded the Order of St. George (Fourth Degree). He then served in the military of a newly independent Democratic Republic of Georgia after whose fall to the Soviets (1921) he was involved in an underground independence movement. Tsulukidze was arrested by Cheka along with his associates and shot at the outskirts of Tbilisi on May 19, 1923.

Anti-Sovietism
Anti-Sovietism or anti-Soviet sentiment are activities that were actually or allegedly aimed against the Soviet Union or government power within the Soviet Union.

Three common uses of the term include the following:

Anti-Soviet opponents of the Bolsheviks shortly after the Russian Revolution and during the Russian Civil War.

Anti-Sovietism in international politics, such as the Western opposition to the Soviet Union during the Cold War as part of broader anti-communism.

Soviet citizens (allegedly or actually) involved in anti-government activities.
Rosscoe Arnold McCarthy
Rosscoe Arnold McCarthy (January 8, 1891 – 1970) was a political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Cannington from 1949 to 1964 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Liberal.

He was born in Hagersville, Ontario, the son of John McCarthy, and was educated there and in Francis, Saskatchewan. In 1921, McCarthy married Annie Ruth McDonnell. He served on the council for the rural municipality of Golden West, also serving as reeve. McCarthy lived in Corning. He was first elected to the provincial assembly in a 1949 by-election held after William John Patterson was named to federal Board of Transport Commissioners.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
2014 BNP Paribas Katowice Open – Doubles
Lara Arruabarrena and Lourdes Domínguez Lino were the defending champions, but they decided not to participate this year.
Yuliya Beygelzimer and Olga Savchuk won the title, defeating first-seeded Klára Koukalová and Monica Niculescu in the final, 6–4, 5–7, [10–7].

Olga Savchuk
Olga Mykolayivna Savchuk (Ukrainian: Ольга Миколаївна Савчук; born 20 September 1987) is a retired tennis player from Ukraine. Savchuk grew up in the city of Makiyivka in Donetsk province. She resides in Nassau, Bahamas.

Her best accomplishment to date was reaching the third round of the 2006 Australian Open. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 79, which she achieved on 19 May 2008.

Since the beginning of 2020, Savchuk is one of the two coaches of top-ten player Karolína Plíšková, along with Daniel Vallverdú and since November 2020 along with Sascha Bajin.
Max Mallmann
Max Mallmann Souto Pereira (October 18, 1968 – November 4, 2016) was a Brazilian Prêmio Açorianos-winning novelist, short story writer and screenwriter specialized in historical fiction, urban fantasy and magic realism. In 2018 he was named one of the most important Brazilian fantasy writers of the 21st century, alongside André Vianco, Eduardo Spohr and Raphael Draccon.

Eduardo Spohr
Eduardo Spohr (born June 1976 in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian journalist, teacher, blogger, podcaster and fantasy and historical fiction writer. He is the author of A Batalha do Apocalipse (The Battle of the Apocalypse in free translation), one of the best selling fiction books of all time in Brazil. Spohr is also widely known as a regular contributor to the popular Brazilian podcast Nerdcast, created by the entertainment website Jovem Nerd.
Donaufestival
Donaufestival is an annual festival of music, performance, art, film and discourse that takes place each April/May in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. In the festival's early years, two cities were used as locations: Krems and Korneuburg. Since 2007, however, the festival has only been held in Krems.

The festival typically showcases avant-garde rock, performance art, noise and electronica artists.

Lower Austria
Lower Austria (German: Niederösterreich pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ, Bavarian: Niedaöstareich, abbreviated LA or NÖ) is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Major cities are Amstetten, Krems an der Donau, Wiener Neustadt and Sankt Pölten, which has been the capital of Lower Austria since 1986, replacing Vienna, which became a separate state in 1921. With a land area of 19,186 km2 (7,408 sq mi) and a population of 1.7 million people, Lower Austria is the largest and second-most-populous state in Austria (after Vienna).
Metzstein
Metzstein (Yiddish: מצשטיין or מעצשטיין) is a surname. People with the name include:

Isi Metzstein (1928–2012), German-born Scottish architect

Saul Metzstein (born 1970), Scottish film director, son of Isi

Saul Metzstein
Saul Metzstein (born 30 December 1970) is a Scottish film director. He won the British Academy Scotland New Talent Award for best director in 2002 for Late Night Shopping.

Metzstein is the son of Isi Metzstein, the renowned modernist architect, and Danielle Kahn. He was raised in Glasgow and studied architecture at Robinson College, Cambridge before taking minor production roles on Danny Boyle's Shallow Grave and Trainspotting and Gillies MacKinnon's Small Faces. He came to prominence with the 2001 feature Late Night Shopping. He subsequently directed documentaries on James Stewart and Gillespie, Kidd & Coia and an episode of Upstairs Downstairs, as well as five episodes of the seventh series of Doctor Who.