hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Wild Rose (1926 musical)
The Wild Rose is a musical in two acts with both book and lyrics co-authored by Otto Harbach and Oscar Hammerstein II, and music by Rudolf Friml. It should not be confused with the earlier 1902 musical, The Wild Rose, by Ludwig Engländer, Harry B. Smith and George V. Hobart.

Ludwig Engländer
Ludwig Engländer (October 20, 1853 Vienna, Austrian Empire – September 13, 1914) was an Austrian Empire-born American composer of more than 30 musicals.

He was born in Vienna, Austrian Empire.  According to his obituary in The New York Times, he had studied with Jacques Offenbach.  He immigrated to New York City on October 13, 1882, and became a naturalized American citizen on February 13, 1891.

By the 1890s Engländer was composing prolifically, either for the New York stage, or popular songs (many of which were interpolated into various other productions including A Trip to Chinatown. Already by 1903 he had come in for criticism of his Teutonic sound. Perhaps for that reason he occasionally returned to Vienna near the end of his life to write musicals for that audience. The year before he died he is listed as having residence in Vienna.

At the time of his death he was living in Far Rockaway, Queens, with his sister.
Synchiropus sechellensis
Synchiropus sechellensis, the Seychelles dragonet, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a dragonet from the family Callionymidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea south to the Seychelles and the Maldives and east  as far as New Caledonia. Following a likely introduction via the Suez Canal, it was first recorded in the Mediterranean Sea in 2014; where it is found on rare occasions from Alexandria (Egypt) to the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey).

This species was first formally described by Charles Tate Regan in 1908 with the type locality given as Seychelles.

Gulf of Antalya
The Gulf of Antalya (Turkish: Antalya Körfezi) is a large bay of the northern Levantine Sea, in the eastern Mediterranean Sea south of Antalya Province, Turkey. It includes some of the main seaside resorts of Turkey, also known as the "Turkish Riviera".
Emma's House
"Emma's House" is the debut single by the Field Mice.  It was released as a 7" vinyl record on Sarah Records in November 1988. It reached number 20 on the UK Independent Chart in December that year.

The title track was included in Pitchfork 500 : Our Guide to the Greatest Songs from Punk to the Present.

The Pitchfork 500
The Pitchfork 500: Our Guide to the Greatest Songs from Punk to the Present is a book compiling the greatest songs from 1977 to 2006, published in 2008 by Pitchfork Media. The book focuses on specific genres including indie rock, hip-hop, electronic, pop, metal, and experimental underground. The book is broken down into 9 chronological periods, each period beginning with a description of the music scene before the featured artists, and how those artists changed the music scene. Time described the book as having "42 critics to cover 30 years of music, from 1977 punk to 2006 crunk, and all the starry-eyed, acoustic acts in between."
Kierulf
Kierulf is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Kierulf, author of Smart Game Format

Anine Kierulf (born 1974),  Norwegian lawyer

Brian Kierulf, American songwriter and producer

Henrik Gottfries Kierulf (born 1981), Norwegian politician

Otto Richard Kierulf (1825–1897), Norwegian military officer, politician, and sports administrator

Severin Kierulf (1752–1834), Danish businessman in Danish India

Severin Kierulf
Severin Kierulf (17 December 1752 – 7–8 October 1834) was a Danish businessman in India. He was a partner in the firm Duntzfeldt & Kierulf and served as factor for the Danish Asiatic Company in Frederiksnagore (Serampore). He was the father-in-law of businessman Friedrich Gotschalk.
Isaac Marston
Isaac Marston (January 2, 1839 – October 31, 1891) was an American jurist and politician.

Born in Poyntzpass, County Armagh, Ireland, Marston emigrated to the United States and worked on a farm in Pontiac, Michigan with an uncle. In 1861, he graduated from University of Michigan Law School and practiced law in Ithaca, Michigan. In 1872, Marston won a special election as a Liberal Republican to serve the expired term of William R. Bates in the Michigan House of Representatives. He represented Bay County in the state House. Then, in 1874, Marston served as Michigan Attorney General. From 1875 to 1883, Marston served on the Michigan Supreme Court and was chief justice. He then practiced law in Detroit, Michigan. Marston died at his Riverside Farm near Bay City, Michigan.

Bay County, Michigan
Bay County is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 103,856. The county seat is Bay City. Bay County comprises the Bay City, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Saginaw-Midland-Bay City Combined Statistical Area in the Mid/Central Michigan region.
Ernst Eduard Taubert
Ernst Eduard Taubert (25 September 1838 in Regenwalde – 14 July 1934) was a Pomeranian composer, music critic, and music educator. He began his education in Bonn where he was first a student of theology and later a music pupil of Albert Dietrich. He then studied under Friedrich Kiel in Berlin. He remained in Berlin for the rest of his life where he worked as a music critic for local publications and taught at the Stern Conservatory, first as a lecturer and then as a full professor since 1898. In 1905 he was elected a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts where he taught until his death in Berlin in 1934. He is best remembered today for his Quintet for Piano and Winds, Op. 48 and his String Quartet, Op. 56.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.
Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement
Following the escalation of the Darfur conflict in the Sudan, Chad brokered negotiations in N'Djamena led to the Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement between the Sudanese government and the two rebel groups, the Sudanese Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) on 8 April 2004, other signatories were Chad and the African Union. The ceasefire came into effect on 11 April 2004.

The National Movement for Reform and Development — a group which splintered from the JEM in April did not participate in the cease-fire talks or the agreement. Despite the ceasefire Janjaweed and SLM/A attacks continued.

The African Union formed a Ceasefire Commission (CFC) to monitor observance of the ceasefire.

Janjaweed
The Janjaweed (Arabic: جنجويد, romanized: Janjawīd) are a Sudanese Arab Baggara nomad militia group operating in the Sahel region, specifically in Sudan, particularly in Darfur and eastern Chad. They have also been speculated to be active in Yemen. According to the United Nations definition, Janjaweed membership consists of Arab nomad tribes from the Sahel, the core of whom are Abbala Arabs, traditionally employed in camel herding, with significant recruitment from the Baggara.

Janjaweed nomads were initially at odds with Darfur's sedentary population due to competition over grazing grounds and farmland, a conflict exacerbated by drought. The Janjaweed were a major player in the Darfur conflict between 2003 and 2020, in opposition to the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and the Justice and Equality Movement rebels. In 2013, the Rapid Support Forces grew out of the Janjaweed.
Cain (novel)
Cain is the last novel by the Nobel Prize-winning Portuguese author José Saramago. The book was first published in 2009. In an earlier novel, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ, Saramago retold the main events of the life of Jesus Christ, as narrated in the New Testament, presenting God as the villain. In Cain, Saramago focuses on the Hebrew Bible (mainly the Pentateuch).

Cain
Cain is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within Abrahamic religions. He is the elder brother of Abel, and the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, the first couple within the Bible. He was a farmer who gave an offering of his crops to God. However, God was not pleased and favored Abel's offering over Cain's. Out of jealousy, Cain killed his brother, for which he was punished by God with the curse and mark of Cain. He had several descendants, starting with his son Enoch and including Lamech.

The narrative is notably unclear on God's reason for rejecting Cain's sacrifice. Some traditional interpretations within Abrahamic religions consider Cain to be the originator of evil, violence, or greed.
2022 Città di Forlì II – Doubles
Marco Bortolotti and Arjun Kadhe were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Kaichi Uchida and Wu Tung-lin.

Sadio Doumbia and Fabien Reboul won the title after defeating Nicolás Mejía and Alexander Ritschard 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Nicolás Mejía
Nicolás Mejía (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas meˈxi.a]; born 11 February 2000) is a Colombian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 168 achieved on 5 January 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 153 achieved on 7 November 2022. He is currently the No. 2 Colombian tennis player.

Mejía represents Colombia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 3–9.
Policy experimentation
Policy experimentation points to political-administrative procedures and initiatives that allow to discover or test novel instruments of problem-solving and thereby propel broader-based policy innovation or institutional adaptation in a given polity, economy or society.

As compared to centralized legislation or national regulation, one of the major advantages of decentralized policy experimentation is seen in allowing spatially, sectorally or temporally limited policy trials that reduce the risks and costs of introducing major reform schemes to the national polity, economy and society. A major deficit of policy experimentation is seen in promoting policy heterogeneity, legal fragmentation and jurisdictional disparities.

The term has come to renewed prominence in the discussion about the political processes behind China's economic rise since the beginning of Chinese economic reform policies in 1978.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Parties in the European Council during 2010
This article describes the party affiliations of leaders of each member-state represented in the European Council during the year 2010. The list below gives the political party that each head of government, or head of state, belongs to at the national level, as well as the European political alliance to which that national party belongs. The states are listed from most to least populous. More populous states have greater influence in the council, in accordance with the system of Qualified Majority Voting.

Voting in the Council of the European Union
The procedures for voting in the Council of the European Union are described in the treaties of the European Union. The Council of the European Union (or simply "Council" or "Council of Ministers") has had its voting procedure amended by subsequent treaties and currently operates on the system set forth in the Treaty of Lisbon. The system is known as qualified majority voting is a type of consociational democracy.
Spanish submarine Siroco
Siroco (S-72) was an Agosta-class submarine built for the Spanish Navy by Bazán at Cartagena, Spain. The submarine was launched on December 12, 1982, commissioned on December 7, 1983. Because of the economic crisis, the government didn't authorize the reparations of the submarine and was decommissioned on June 29, 2012.

Navantia
Navantia is a Spanish state-owned shipbuilding enterprise dedicated to civil and military naval construction, the design of deep-tech systems and the manufacture of structures for the renewable energy sector, such as offshore wind or hydrogen.

It was established in 2005 following the segregation of the military assets of the IZAR Group. The company designs, builds, and supports different types of surface vessels, submarines, and systems. It directly employs nearly 5,000 workers distributed among its operating centers in La Coruña, Cádiz, Cartagena and Madrid. Following the acquisition of Harland & Wolff, Navantia employs around 1,000 people in the United Kingdom and has shipyards in Belfast, Arnish, Appledore and Methil.

Navantia is the fifth-largest shipbuilder in Europe and the ninth-largest in the world. The company is also expanding into markets such as renewable energy, the offshore industry and naval services.
2010 FIA WTCC Race of Portugal
The 2010 FIA WTCC Race of Portugal was the fifth round of the 2010 World Touring Car Championship season. It was the fourth running of the Race of Portugal, and the first time the series had visited the circuit. The race was held at the Autódromo Internacional do Algarve near Portimão in Portugal on 4 July 2010. The two races were won by Tiago Monteiro and Gabriele Tarquini of SR-Sport.

Colin Turkington
Colin Henry Turkington (born 21 March 1982) is a British racing driver from Northern Ireland who competed in the British Touring Car Championship most recently for Team BMW. He is a 4 time BTCC champion, winning the title in 2009, 2014, 2018 and 2019, having made his debut in the series in 2002.
Brzánky
Brzánky is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 90 inhabitants.

Brzánky lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-east of Litoměřice, 29 km (18 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Labem, and 43 km (27 mi) north of Prague.

Ústí nad Labem
Ústí nad Labem (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː nad ˈlabɛm] ⓘ; German: Aussig) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction.
Post-Mauryan coinage
Post-Mauryan coinage refers to the period of coinage production in India following the breakup of the Maurya Empire (321–185 BCE).

The centralized Mauryan power ended during a Coup d'état in 185 BCE leading to the foundation of the Shunga Empire. The vast and centralized Maurya Empire was broken into numerous new polities. In the east, the newly formed Shunga Empire utilized the industries pre-established in Pataliputra.

Yona kings, which were once incorporated by or allied with the Mauryan Empire, settled in the Indus forming Indo-Greek Kingdoms bringing new coinage practices. These techniques were utilized by the Indo-Scythian Kingdoms and Kushan Empire.

In the south the Satavahana Empire appeared, all with their specific coinage. The unified coinage, made of punch-marked coins, also broke up. In the northwest, several small independent entities were formed, which started to strike their own coins.

Menander II
Menander II Dikaios (Greek: Μένανδρος Β΄ ὁ Δίκαιος, Ménandros ho Díkaios, meaning "Menander the Just") may have been an Indo-Greek King who ruled in the areas of Arachosia and Gandhara in the north of modern Pakistan. However, since he is entirely known through his coins, this may have just been a separate set of coins issued by Menander I with a different epithet.
Tsutsumi
Tsutsumi (堤, lit. "embankment"; alternatively written 筒美) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daisuke Tsutsumi (堤 大介, born 1974), Japanese animator

Hiroaki Tsutsumi (堤博明, born 1985), Japanese musician and composer

Tsutsumi Hōzan (堤 宝山), Japanese swordsman

Kengo Tsutsumi (堤 健吾, born 1978), Japanese footballer

Kyōhei Tsutsumi (筒美 京平, born 1940), Japanese composer and record producer

Shinichi Tsutsumi (堤 真一, born 1964), Japanese actor

Shunsuke Tsutsumi (堤 俊輔, born 1987), Japanese footballer

Tsuyoshi Tsutsumi (堤 剛, born 1942), Japanese cellist

Yasujirō Tsutsumi (堤 康次郎, 1889–1964), Japanese businessman and politician

Yoshiaki Tsutsumi (堤 義明, born 1934), Japanese businessman

Yukihiko Tsutsumi (堤 幸彦, born 1955), Japanese television and film director

Tsutsumi (written: 坊) is also a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

Tsutsumi Otomo (小友 坊, born 1975), Japanese ice hockey player

Yoshiaki Tsutsumi
Yoshiaki Tsutsumi (堤 義明, Tsutsumi Yoshiaki; born May 29, 1934) is a Japanese businessman. During the Japanese economic bubble, Forbes listed Tsutsumi as the wealthiest person in the world during 1987–94 due to his extensive real estate investments through the Seibu Corporation, which he controlled. In 1987, he had a net worth of $20 billion (approximately $47.2 billion in today's value). However, as a result of a series of scandals and his 2005 arrest, his wealth has fallen to such an extent that he was taken off the Forbes list of billionaires in 2007.
Carrack Gladden
50°11′53″N 5°27′18″W﻿ / ﻿50.198°N 5.455°W﻿ / 50.198; -5.455

Carrack Gladden (Cornish: Karrek Gladn, meaning rock on a bank) is a coastal headland in St Ives Bay at the eastern end of Carbis Bay beach between Hayle and St Ives in west Cornwall.

The cliffs between Carrack Gladden headland and Hawks Point to the east are of metamorphosed Devonian slates and rise to 60 metres (200 ft) high.

The acidic soils exhibit a range of vegetation types including maritime heathland, grassland and scrub. The heath and grassland habitats at the headland itself support the nationally scarce Soft-leaved Sedge Carex montana. On the steep, wet cliffs to the east, two other nationally scarce plant species Ivy Broomrape (Orobanche hederae) and Maidenhair Fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) are found.

The site has been included by English Nature within a Site of Special Scientific Interest called the Hayle Estuary and Carrack Gladden SSSI in recognition of its biodiversity conservation importance.

Adiantum capillus-veneris
Adiantum capillus-veneris, the maidenhair fern, southern maidenhair fern, black maidenhair fern and venus hair fern, is a species of ferns in the genus Adiantum and the family Pteridaceae with a subcosmopolitan worldwide distribution. It is cultivated as a popular garden fern and houseplant.
Hans Fitting
Hans Fitting (13 November 1906 in München-Gladbach (now Mönchengladbach) – 15 June 1938 in Königsberg (now Kaliningrad))
was a mathematician who worked in group theory. He proved Fitting's theorem and Fitting's lemma, and defined the Fitting subgroup
in finite group theory and the Fitting decomposition for Lie algebras and Fitting ideals in ring theory.

After finishing his undergraduate work in 1931, he wrote his dissertation with the help of Emmy Noether, who helped him secure a grant from the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaften (Emergency Society for German Sciences). He died at the age of 31 from a sudden bone disease.

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Aerospool
Aerospool, spol sro is a Slovak aircraft manufacturer based in Prievidza. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of ultralight and kit aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft. They also build major components for gliders as well as repairing and re-finishing gliders.

The company was founded at the end of 1990 by members of the Aero-club Prievidza.

The company is organized as a spoločnosť s ručením obmedzeným, a Slovak private limited company.

Prievidza
Prievidza (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈprɪeʋidza] ⓘ; Hungarian: Privigye, German: Priwitz) is a city in western Slovakia. With approximately 46,000 inhabitants it is the second biggest municipality in the Trenčín Region and 11th largest city in Slovakia generally.
Hong Kong Affair
Hong Kong Affair is a 1958 American noir crime film directed by Paul F. Heard and starring Jack Kelly, May Wynn and Richard Loo. It was distributed by Allied Artists. Kelly was at the time starring with James Garner in the hit Western television show Maverick and the film's advertising emphasized this. The picture was shot on location in Hong Kong.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Naaz Joshi
Naaz Joshi (born 31 December 1984 in New Delhi, India) is India's first transgender international beauty queen, a trans rights activist and a motivational speaker.

Joshi won the Miss World Diversity beauty pageant three times in a row. She is India's first transgender cover model. She is the world's first trans woman to win an international beauty pageant with cisgender women.

Miss World
Miss World is the oldest existing international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's widow, Julia Morley, has chaired the pageant. Along with Miss Universe, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The current Miss World is Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand who was crowned on 31 May 2025 in Hyderabad, India.
Surikov (crater)
Surikov is a crater on the planet Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1979. Surikov is named for the Russian painter Vasily Surikov.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Surkiov is an ancient crater - the outer rim is barely distinguishable, but the inner peak ring is apparent.  It is one of 110 peak ring basins on Mercury.

To the south of Surikov is Giambologna crater.

Peak ring
A peak ring crater is a type of complex crater, which is different from a multi-ringed basin or central-peak crater. A central peak is not seen; instead, a roughly circular ring or plateau, possibly discontinuous, surrounds the crater's center, with the crater rim still farther out from the center.