hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic amplification factor
Dynamic Amplification Factor (DAF) or Dynamic Increase Factor (DIF), is a dimensionless number which describes how many times the deflections or stresses should be multiplied to the deflections or stresses caused by the static loads when a dynamic load is applied on to a structure.

When lifting an object during a sub-sea operation, the DAF is calculated based on dynamic hydraulic forces or on snap-forces.

Where:

is the mass of the object in air (kg)

is the acceleration of gravity (9.81m/s2)

is the largest of  or  (N)

Structural load
A structural load or structural action is a mechanical load (more generally a force) applied to structural elements. A load causes stress, deformation, displacement or acceleration  in a structure. Structural analysis, a discipline in engineering, analyzes the effects of loads on structures and structural elements. Excess load may cause structural failure, so this should be considered and controlled during the design of a structure. Particular  mechanical structures—such as aircraft, satellites, rockets, space stations, ships, and submarines—are subject to their own particular structural loads and actions. Engineers often evaluate structural loads based upon published regulations, contracts, or specifications.  Accepted technical standards are used for acceptance testing and inspection.
Hijack (group)
Hijack were a British hip hop group, hailing from Brixton, London, featuring Kamanchi Sly, DJ Supreme, DJ Undercover, Ulysses, Agent Fritz and Agent Clueso. Their first single, "Style Wars" (Music of Life, 1988) caught the attention of the British hip hop community. Their next release, "Hold No Hostage"/"Doomsday of Rap" (Music of Life, 1989) became an underground hit across Europe, bringing them to the attention of West Coast rapper Ice-T.

Brixton
Brixton is an area of South London, part of the London Borough of Lambeth, England. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. Brixton experienced a rapid rise in population during the 19th century as communications with central London improved.

Brixton is mainly residential, though includes Brixton Market and a substantial retail sector. It is a multi-ethnic community, with a large percentage of its population of Afro-Caribbean descent. It lies within Inner London and is bordered by Stockwell, Clapham, Streatham, Camberwell, Tulse Hill, Balham and Herne Hill. The district houses the main offices of Lambeth London Borough Council.

Brixton is 2.7 mi (4.3 km) south-southeast from the geographical centre of London (measuring to a point near Brixton Underground station on the Victoria line).
Lincoln Oaklanders football
The Lincoln Oaklanders are the college football team representing Lincoln University of Oakland, California. The team is independent and plays as a traveling team. The school's first football team was fielded in 2021. Athletic director Desmond Gumbs has been the head football coach since the 2021 season.

Traveling team
In professional team sports, a traveling team (also called a road team) is a member of a professional league that never competes in a home arena or stadium. This differs from a barnstorming team as a barnstorming team competes in exhibition games and not within a league or association framework as a traveling team does. While leagues may designate a traveling team prior to the start of competition, some teams become road teams by simply not scheduling any home games.

While the use of traveling teams has been sparing on the upper levels of professional sports in recent times, the National Football League had such road teams (such as the Hammond Pros, Oorang Indians, and Columbus Panhandles) in the formative years of the league.  Recently, such teams have been almost invariably associated with minor leagues.
Green Mansion House (Kenton, Delaware)
Green Mansion House is a historic home located at Kenton, Kent County, Delaware.  The house dates to the first quarter of the 19th century, and consists of two sections.  The frame section is a two-story, three-bay, center hall plan structure.  Attached to it is a two-story, two-bay stuccoed brick wing.  The house was built as part of Philip Lewis' plan for the development of Kenton.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Kent County, Delaware
Kent County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851, making it the least populous county in Delaware, but the most populous county in the United States to be the least populous in its state. The county seat is Dover, the state capital of Delaware. It is named for Kent, an English county.

Kent County comprises the Dover metropolitan area, which is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area.
Basic Beat Recordings
Basic Beat Recordings is an independent dance record label from Rotterdam in the Netherlands.

The label was founded by Ron Hofland and his then business partner Ronald Molendijk and started releasing records in the early 1990s. Artists such as DJ Tiësto and Ferry Corsten released a number of early records on labels associated with this company before finding international fame, whilst Hugo Zentveld and Aldwin Oomen of Nightbreed and Angel City, have released a number of records by their production projects on sublabels such as Guardian Angel. The label operated a physical record store in the Netherlands until 2007.

Ferry Corsten
Ferry Corsten OON (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈfɛri ˈkɔrstə(n)]; born 4 December 1973) is a Dutch DJ, record producer and remixer. He is well known for producing many pioneering trance tracks during the 1990s–2000s under his numerous aliases, including System F, Moonman, Pulp Victim and Gouryella. In recent years, he has shifted to a broader electronic music style, playing everything from progressive house to uplifting trance; and hosts his own weekly radio show, Resonation Radio. Corsten routinely plays at events and festivals all over the world including Electric Daisy Carnival, Tomorrowland, and many others, and has been consistently ranked among DJ Mag's Top 100 DJs poll, having placed at rank 5 in 2004 and 2005, 6 in 2006 and 2008; and most recently at 80 for 2024.
Mark Dubois
Mark Dubois (born February 24, 1949) began as an environmental activist, initially focusing on saving rivers and has worked to mobilize and engage citizens globally for a vibrant future. In 1972 he co-founded Environmental Traveling Companions (E.T.C.) to offer environmental education and Outward Bound-type trips to disabled persons and disadvantaged youth. In 1973, he co-founded Friends of the River to fight the flooding of the Stanislaus River and canyon by the New Melones Dam. He reached national fame when he chained himself to a rock on the banks of the river to prevent the flooding of the river. He also co-founded International Rivers in 1984, and served as the International Coordinator of Earth Day 1990 and 2000. His personal papers from these organizations and other work from 1970–2002 are held by the Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley.

International Rivers
International Rivers is a nonprofit, nongovernmental, environmental, and human rights organization. Founded in 1985 by social and environmental activists, International Rivers works with policy and financial analysts, scientists, journalists, development specialists, and volunteers to combat the adverse effects of dams and their legacies that it has identified in over 60 countries.

The organization has staff in South Africa, Thailand, Brazil, China, India, and the United States, who have expertise in a range of issues and who use research, education, and advocacy to achieve the organization's mission.
Zeltweg
Zeltweg (German: [ˈt͡sɛltˌveːk]) is a town in Styria, Austria. It is located in the Aichfeld basin of the Mur River in Upper Styria. Larger municipalities in the vicinity are Judenburg, Knittelfeld and Fohnsdorf.

Judenburg
Judenburg (German: [juːdn̩.buɐ̯k, juːdn̩.buʁk]; Bavarian: Judnbuag) is a historic town in Styria, Austria.

It is the administrative centre of the Murtal district, which was created on 1 January 2012 from the former Judenburg District and former Knittelfeld District. Until 31 December 2011, it was the capital of the Judenburg District.

On 1 January 2015, the adjoining municipalities of Oberweg and Reifling were merged into Judenburg.
Nair (hair removal)
Nair is a hair-removal product manufactured by Church & Dwight.

Nair is a portmanteau of "No hair". The brand is mainly known for its depilatories that work by breaking the disulfide bonds of the keratin molecules in hair.

Nair's slogans include: "The Less That You Wear the less you have to fix your hair, the More You Need Nair!"; "Like Never Before"; and "We wear short shorts, Nair for short shorts". The initial ad for the "short shorts" commercial won a Clio. It was based on the 1958 song "Short Shorts".

The original Nair lotion was introduced in 1940.

Nair was purchased from Carter-Wallace in 2001 via a partnership with Kelso. Also in 2001, Nair introduced its line of men's products.

As of 2007, Nair had 25 products ranging from hair removal waxes to bleaches.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
No Middle Ground
No Middle Ground is a board game simulating operational level ground combat between Israel and Syria on the Golan Heights during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War.  The product is intended as a simple game suitable for novices.

Microgame Design Group (MDG) in 2003 issued No Middle Ground in a plastic sleeve with a paper map and unmounted counters.  MDG in 2004 posted online a downloadable expansion called Target Damascus.

Counter (board wargames)
A counter is usually a small cardboard square moved around on the map of a board wargame to represent relevant information or determine certain things. The first wargame based on cardboard counters was War Tactics or Can Great Britain Be Invaded? invented by Arthur Renals of Leicester in 1911. The first wargame bringing counters to a mass-market was Tactics, invented by Charles S. Roberts in 1952. Traditional wargames typically have hundreds of counters (The Russian Campaign, 225; GI: Anvil of Victory, 856; Terrible Swift Sword, 2,000). Squad Leader had counters of different sizes: 520 1⁄2-inch counters and 192 5⁄8-inch, with the different sizes used for different purposes.

Boardgame counters are often closely related to military map marking symbols, such as those seen in the NATO standard APP-6a, and often include a simplified APP-6a representation as part of the counter.
Harefield
Harefield is a village in the London Borough of Hillingdon, England, 17 miles (27 km) northwest of Charing Cross near Greater London's boundary with Buckinghamshire to the west and Hertfordshire to the north. The population at the 2011 Census was 7,399.

Harefield is near Denham, Ickenham, Northwood, Rickmansworth, Ruislip and Uxbridge. Pioneering heart surgery techniques were developed at Harefield Hospital.

Rickmansworth station
Rickmansworth (/ˈrɪkmənzwərθ/) is an interchange railway station in the town of Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, northwest of Central London. It is served by the Metropolitan line of the London Underground and by Chiltern Railways of the National Rail. It is one of the few London Underground stations beyond Greater London and as a consequence is in London fare zone 7. The station is a good location to alight from to explore the Chess Valley.
Turba
Turba is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ctibor Turba (1944–2025), Czech actor

David Turba (born 1982), German voice actor

Giovanni Turba (1905–1994), Italian sprinter

Wilfrid J. Turba (1928–2005), American politician

Ctibor Turba
Ctibor Turba (16 October 1944 – 30 June 2025) was a Czech actor of non-verbal theatre, mime, screenwriter, teacher and director. His work has been described as the first and pioneering Czech contribution to the global "Contemporary circus' movement.
Lala (surname)
Lala is an Albanian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Afzal Khan Lala (1926–2015), Pakistani politician and Pashtun nationalist

Altin Lala (born 1975), Albanian footballer

Fatos Lala (born 1995), Albanian footballer

Gëzim Lala (born 1956), Albanian footballer

Karim Lala (1911–2002), Afghani-born founder of the Indian mafia

Kenny Lala (born 1991), French footballer

Kevin Neville Lala (born 1962), English evolutionary biologist

Joe Lala (1947–2014), American actor and musician

Leonardo Lala (1906–2000), Italian writer, historian and folklorist

Mahran Lala (born 1982), Israeli-Druze footballer

Rauf Lala (born 1970), Pakistani comedian, actor, writer and producer

Rauf Lala
Rauf Lala (Urdu: رؤف لالہ; born 1970) is a Pakistani comedian, actor, writer, and producer. Working in Pakistani media for over three decades, he is known for his comedic talent and stage work. Lala has also worked in India, winning season two of The Great Indian Laughter Challenge. He participated in Pakistan's reality TV show Tamasha Season 1 and emerged as one of the 4 finalists in the show.
Over Worton
Over Worton is a hamlet in the civil parish of Worton, in the West Oxfordshire district, in the county of Oxfordshire, England, about 7 miles (11 km) south of Banbury and 7+1⁄2 miles (12 km) east of Chipping Norton. In 1931 the parish had a population of 72. On 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Nether Worton to form "Worton".

Banbury
Banbury is an historic market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in Oxfordshire, South East England. The parish had a population of 54,335 at the 2021 Census.

Banbury is a significant commercial and retail centre for the surrounding area of north Oxfordshire and southern parts of Warwickshire and Northamptonshire which are predominantly rural. Banbury's main industries are motorsport, car components, electrical goods, plastics, food processing and printing. Banbury is home to the Jacobs Douwe Egberts factory which was previously the world's largest coffee-producing facility, built in 1964. The town is famed for Banbury cakes, a spiced sweet pastry.

Banbury is located 64 miles (103 km) north-west of London, 37 miles (60 km) south-east of Birmingham, 27 miles (43 km) south-east of Coventry and 22 miles (35 km) north-northwest of Oxford.
Vladimir Shchuko
Vladimir Alekseyevich Shchuko (Russian: Влади́мир Алексе́евич Щуко́, IPA: [ɕːʉˈko]; October 17, 1878 – January 19, 1939) was a Russian architect, member of the Saint Petersburg school of Russian neoclassical revival notable for his giant order apartment buildings "rejecting all trace of the moderne". After the Russian Revolution of 1917 Shchuko gradually embraced modernist ideas, developing his own version of modernized neoclassicism together with his partner Vladimir Gelfreikh. Shchuko and Gelfreikh succeeded through the prewar period of Stalinist architecture with high-profile projects like the Lenin Library, Moscow Metro stations and co-authored the unrealized Palace of Soviets. Shchuko was also a prolific stage designer, author of 43 drama and opera stage sets.

Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy
Exhibition of Achievements of National Economy (Russian: Выставка достижений народного хозяйства, Vystavka dostizheniy narodnogo khozyaystva, abbreviated as VDNKh or VDNH, Russian: ВДНХ, pronounced [vɛ dɛ ɛn xa] ⓘ) is a permanent general purpose trade show and amusement park in Moscow, Russia.  Between 1991 and 2014, it was also called the All-Russia Exhibition Centre (Russian: Всероссийский выставочный центр, romanized: Vserossiyskiy vystavochnyy tsentr). It is a state joint-stock company.
Narendra Kumar Singh Gaur
Narendra Kumar Singh Gaur is an Indian politician from BJP Uttar Pradesh who had served as the Higher Education & Labour Minister under First Kalyan Singh ministry in 1991. He served as the member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Prayagraj North constituency from 1991 to 2007.

Allahabad North Assembly constituency
Allahabad North is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in the city of Prayagraj of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Allahabad North is one of five assembly constituencies in the Phulpur Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 262 amongst 403 constituencies.

Currently this seat belongs to Bharatiya Janta Party candidate Harshvardhan Bajpai who won in last Assembly election of 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections defeating Indian National Congress candidate Anugrah Narayan Singh by a margin of 35,025 votes.
Listed buildings in Shevington
Shevington is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. The parish contains eight listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish contains the villages of Shevington and Gathurst and the surrounding countryside. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through the parish, and the listed buildings associated with it are a bridge, locks, and a lock-keeper's cottage. The other listed buildings are a farmhouse, farm buildings, a public house with a mounting block, and a school and master's house.

Leeds and Liverpool Canal
The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a canal in Northern England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool.

Over a distance of 127 miles (204 km), crossing the Pennines, and including 91 locks on the main line. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal has several small branches, and in the early 21st century a new link was constructed into the Liverpool docks system.
Charles Emmanuel III
Charles Emmanuel III (27 April 1701 – 20 February 1773) was Duke of Savoy, King of Sardinia and ruler of the Savoyard states from his father's abdication on 3 September 1730 until his death in 1773. He was the paternal grandfather of the last three mainline kings of Sardinia. In the War of the Polish Succession, he initially gained Lombardy but later ceded it for smaller territorial gains. During the War of the Austrian Succession, he defended Piedmont against a Franco-Spanish army, winning the Battle of Assietta. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle restored lost lands and expanded his territory. He strengthened ties with Spain through marriage alliances. He chose not to get involved in the Seven Years War and instead focused on administrative reforms and maintaining a well-disciplined army.

Savoyard state
The Savoyard state comprised the states ruled by the counts and dukes of Savoy from the Middle Ages to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy. Although it was an example of composite monarchy, it is a term applied to the polity by historians and was not in contemporary use. At the end of the 17th century, its population was about 1.4 million. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire until 1797, with its territory being split between the constituent kingdoms of Burgundy (Savoy proper, Nice) and Italy (Piedmont and the rest). From 1720 it also included the island of Sardinia, an extra-Imperial possession.
Jimmy Crangle
James Patrick Crangle (born 4 April 1953) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a winger for Campsie Black Watch. York City, Selby Town, Osbaldwick, and Copmanthorpe. He later worked and played as a juniors coach at Osbaldwick, Copmanthorpe, and Dunnington, before coaching the under-14s Centre of Excellence team at York City.

Selby Town F.C.
Selby Town Football Club is an English football club based in Selby, North Yorkshire, founded in 1919. They play in the Northern Counties East League Division One. The club's traditional rivals are Goole (with whom they play an annual match, for the right to win the Eric Lawton Cup) and Tadcaster Albion.
Phil Savath
Phil Savath (December 28, 1946 - November 3, 2004) was an American-born Canadian film and television writer and producer. He was most noted as a two-time Genie Award nominee for Best Screenplay, with nominations for Original Screenplay at the 4th Genie Awards in 1983 for Big Meat Eater and Adapted Screenplay at the 10th Genie Awards in 1989 for The Outside Chance of Maximilian Glick.

His other film credits included Fast Company, Samuel Lount, and Terminal City Ricochet.

In television, he was a cocreator and star of the CBC Television children's comedy series Homemade TV and Range Ryder and the Calgary Kid in the 1970s. He later wrote several episodes of Beverly Hills, 90210, co-created the television series Max Glick with Stephen Foster and These Arms of Mine with his wife Susan Duligal, and cowrote the television films Net Worth and Little Criminals.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
7–1–2–1 defense
The 7–1–2–1, or seven-diamond defense, used seven "down linemen", or players on the line of scrimmage at the time of the snap, one linebacker, two safeties relatively close to the line and one safety further downfield. The formation was created by Minnesota Golden Gophers coach Henry L. Williams in 1903, reputedly to stop Michigan back Willie Heston. By some accounts in the mid-1930s, the 7–1–2–1 was considered "almost obsolete" due to its weakness against the forward pass, whereas the 7–2–2 defense was still considered viable. However, Bill Arnsparger notes the use of the seven-diamond from the 1940s into the 1960s, as a defensive adjustment to the common wide tackle 6 defenses of the time. Furthermore, the form of the 7 diamond as derived from a wide tackle 6, with a more compact line spacing than the 1930s era 7 man lines, shows a marked similarity to the 46 defense of Buddy Ryan.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.