hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Later Liang–Jin War
The Later Liang–Jin War, or simply the Liang–Jin War (Chinese: 梁晋争霸), was a prolonged war fought in northern and central China between 884 and 923 during the late Tang dynasty and the early Five Dynasties period. The initial belligerents were the warlords Li Keyong and Zhu Wen (then known as Zhu Quanzhong), who went on to found the Former Jin dynasty and Later Liang dynasty respectively.

After their deaths, their sons Li Cunxu and Zhu Youzhen continued the hostility, which also involved other quick-to-change-allegiance warlords mainly in modern Hebei. The war ended with the conquest of Zhu Youzhen's Later Liang dynasty by Li Cunxu's Later Tang dynasty in 923, after four decades of bloodshed that left much of the fertile Central Plain region destitute.

Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
Liang, known in historiography as the Later Liang (simplified Chinese: 后梁; traditional Chinese: 後梁; pinyin: Hòu Liáng) (1 June 907 – 19 November 923) or the Zhu Liang (Chinese: 朱梁), was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Zhu Wen (Emperor Taizu), after he forced the last emperor of the Tang dynasty to abdicate in his favour (and then murdered him). The Later Liang would last until 923 when it was destroyed by the Later Tang dynasty.
1965 Upper Voltan parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of Upper Volta on 7 November 1965. The country had been a one-party state since 1960, with the Voltaic Democratic Union–African Democratic Rally as the sole legal party. It therefore won all 75 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 97.4%.

Republic of Upper Volta
The Republic of Upper Volta (French: République de Haute-Volta) was a landlocked West African country established on 11 December 1958 as a self-governing state within the French Community. Before becoming autonomous, it had been part of the French Union as the French Upper Volta. On 5 August 1960, it gained full independence from France. On 4 August 1984, it changed its name to Burkina Faso.
Whitworth rifle
The Whitworth rifle was an English-made percussion cap rifled musket used in the latter half of the 19th century.  A single-shot muzzleloader with excellent long-range accuracy for its era, especially when used with a telescopic sight, the Whitworth rifle was widely regarded as the world's first sniper rifle.

The Whitworth rifle saw extensive use with the Confederate sharpshooters in the American Civil War, claiming the lives of several Union generals, including Major General John Sedgwick, one of the highest-ranking Union officers killed during the Civil War, shot on 9 May 1864, at Spotsylvania.  In October 2017, a surviving example of a Confederate Whitworth rifle was auctioned with a hammer price of $161,000.

The Whitworth rifle was considered to be the very best rifle of its time in terms of accuracy, when compared to other British, French, American rifles, or those produced elsewhere.

Rifled musket
A rifled musket, rifle musket, or rifle-musket is a type of firearm made in the mid-19th century. Originally the term referred only to muskets that had been produced as a smoothbore weapon and later had their barrels replaced with rifled barrels. The term later included rifles that directly replaced, and were of the same design overall as, a particular model of smoothbore musket.
The Freak Brothers
The Freak Brothers is an American adult animated sitcom based on the underground comic The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers by Gilbert Shelton. The first season aired from November 14 to December 26, 2021 on the streaming service Tubi, and featured the voices of Pete Davidson, Woody Harrelson, and John Goodman as the titular Freak Brothers, with Tiffany Haddish voicing the brothers' cat. In May 2022, the show was renewed for a second season, which aired from June 25 to September 24, 2023. Season 3's release date has been set to April 20th, 2026.

Underground comix
Underground comix are small press or self-published comic books that are often socially relevant or satirical in nature. They differ from mainstream comics in depicting content forbidden to mainstream publications by the Comics Code Authority, including explicit drug use, sexuality, and violence. They were most popular in the United States and in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and 1970s.

Robert Crumb, Gilbert Shelton, Barbara "Willy" Mendes, Trina Robbins and numerous other cartoonists created underground titles that were popular with readers within the counterculture scene. Punk had its own comic artists like Gary Panter. Long after their heyday, underground comix gained prominence with films and television shows influenced by the movement and with mainstream comic books, but their legacy is most obvious with alternative comics.
Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences was an encyclopedia edited by Temple Henry Croker. It is notable for being published in Coventry – the first English encyclopedia published outside London.

Publication began in April 1765 with the issuance of the first of what were eventually 150 three-page sheets that were eventually collected into a folio dated 1764–1766.

Other contributors included Thomas Williams, MD, who provided articles on medicine, anatomy and chemistry, and Samuel Clark who provided articles on mathematics. Nevertheless, the work was largely a plagiarization of Ephraim Chambers' Cyclopaedia, or a Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences.

Ephraim Chambers
Ephraim Chambers (c. 1680 – 15 May 1740) was an English writer and encyclopaedist, who is primarily known for producing the Cyclopaedia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Chambers' Cyclopædia is known as the original source material for the French Encyclopédie that started off as a translation of Cyclopædia.
Stradbally, County Kerry
Stradbally (Irish: An Sráidbhaile, meaning 'the village') is a small village and civil parish on the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland. The larger village of Castlegregory is nearby.

The townlands of Ardbeg, Barrack and Farrantooleen, within the civil parish, contain a number of holy well, standing stone, churchyard and ring fort sites. The churchyard at Ardbeg contains the ruins of a late 15th or early 16th century church.

Holy well
A holy well or sacred spring is a well, spring or small pool of water revered either in a Christian or pagan context, sometimes both. The water of holy wells is often thought to have healing qualities, through the numinous presence of its guardian spirit or Christian saint. They often have local legends associated with them; for example in Christian legends, the water is often said to have been made to flow by the action of a saint. Holy wells are often also places of ritual and pilgrimage, where people pray and leave votive offerings. In Celtic regions, strips of cloth are often tied to trees at holy wells, known as clootie wells.
1991 Dutch Open – Singles
Francisco Clavet was the defending champion of the singles event at the Dutch Open men's tennis tournament, but he lost to Magnus Gustafsson.

Gustafsson won in the final 5–7, 7–6(7–2), 2–6, 6–1, 6–0 against Jordi Arrese.

Dutch Open (tennis)
The Dutch Open is a professional tennis tournament currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour since 2019. It is played on outdoor clay courts in Amersfoort (until 2024) and later Bunschoten, Netherlands (since 2025).

Originally known as the International Championships of the Netherlands  and then known as the  Dutch Open Tennis, it was a Grand Prix circuit and subsequently an ATP Tour event held in three different locations in The Netherlands between 1957 and 2008. No tournament was organized in 1967. From 1957 to 1973 the tournament consisted of both men's and women's events (singles, doubles, mixed doubles) but from 1975 onward only men's singles and doubles events were held.
Favel Formation
The Favel Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian to middle Turonian) age. It is present in southern Manitoba and southeastern Saskatchewan, and consists primarily of calcareous shale. It was named for the Favel River near Minitonas, Manitoba, by R.T.D. Wickenden in 1945.

The Favel Formation is richly fossiliferous and had yielded remains of a wide variety of marine animals, including the marine crocodile Terminonaris. It is also rich in organic carbon and is therefore an oil shale.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
Nadezhda Alekhina
Nadezhda Alekhina, née Bazhenova (Russian: Надежда Алехина; born 22 September 1978) is a Russian triple jumper.

She finished fourth at the 2002 European Athletics Indoor Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2005 Summer Universiade. She also competed at the World Championships in 2003, 2005 and 2009 without reaching the finals. In the long jump she finished seventh at the 2001 Summer Universiade.

Her personal best jump is 15.14 metres, achieved in July 2009 in Cheboksary. The Russian record is currently held by Tatyana Lebedeva with 15.34 metres. Alekhina also has 6.56 metres in the long jump, achieved in June 2003 in Tula.

2009 World Championships in Athletics
The 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (German: Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaften 2009) were held in Berlin, Germany from 15 to 23 August 2009. The majority of events took place in the Olympiastadion, while the marathon and racewalking events started and finished at the Brandenburg Gate.
Ernavoor
Ernavoor, also spelled Ernavur, is a revenue village in Tiruvottiyur taluk of North Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It lies in the postal area of Ennore Thermal Station, with pincode 600057. It lies between Ennore and Manali. It is part of First Chennai Corporation Zone, and has many industries such as ITC, Wimco etc.

Ernavoor got its name from Erneeswaran (Shiva) temple in this area. Most of the people in this settlement belong to working class employed in adjacent factories like ITC, Wimco, Ashok Leyland and Ennore Thermal Power Station.

There is a famous Murugan Temple and Selva Vinayagar temple in this area.

Ennore
Ennore, also spelt Eṇṇūr, is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India. Ennore is situated on a peninsula and is bounded by the Korttalaiyar River, Ennore Creek and the Bay of Bengal. The creek separates south Ennore from the north Ennore which covers major portions of North Chennai Thermal Power Station and Ennore Port. The neighbourhood is served by Ennore railway station. Over the years Ennore has become the hub of a range of industrial projects, mainly thermal power stations, fertilizer factories, industrial ports and coal yards.
Hanakago
Hanakago (花籠) is a Japanese language term and means "flower basket". In Japanese bamboo weaving, a flower basket is used in ikebana and sometimes also used in Japanese tea ceremony.

Named after it are:

Hanakago stable (花籠部屋, Hanakago beya), a stable of sumo wrestlers

Hanakago stable (1992), a later incarnation of the stable

Hanakago (toshiyori), a sumo toshiyori held by Daijuyama Tadaaki as of 2020

Hanakago stable
Hanakago stable (花籠部屋, Hanakago beya), formerly known as Shibatayama stable from September 1952 to May 1953, was a stable of sumo wrestlers, one of the Nishonoseki ichimon or group of stables. Founded by former maegashira Ōnoumi Hisamitsu. It closed in 1985 with all wrestlers and personnel moving to Hanaregoma stable.
Amino radical
In chemistry, the amino radical, ·NH2, also known as the aminyl or azanyl, is the neutral form of the amide ion (NH−2). Aminyl radicals are highly reactive and consequently short-lived, like most radicals; however, they form an important part of nitrogen chemistry. In sufficiently high concentration, amino radicals dimerise to form hydrazine.  While NH2 as a functional group is common in nature, forming a part of many compounds (e.g. the phenethylamines), the radical cannot be isolated in its free form.

Azanide
Azanide is the IUPAC-sanctioned name for the anion NH−2. The term is obscure; derivatives of NH−2 are almost invariably referred to as amides, despite the fact that amide also refers to the organic functional group –C(=O)−NR2. The anion NH−2 is the conjugate base of ammonia, so it is formed by the self-ionization of ammonia. It is produced by deprotonation of ammonia, usually with strong bases or an alkali metal. Azanide has a H–N–H bond angle of 104.5°, nearly identical to the bond angle in the isoelectronic water molecule.
Japan Contents Review Center
The Japan Contents Review Center (JCRC) (日本コンテンツ審査センター, Nihon Kontentsu Shinsa Sentā) is a Japanese video and game rating organization. It is a voluntary organization to ensure adherence to Japanese obscenity laws, which prohibit any display of genitals. This is accomplished by a mosaic pixelation applied to videos and games being sold in Japan.

Pixelization
Pixelization (in British English pixelisation) or mosaic processing is any technique used in editing images or video, whereby an image is blurred by displaying part or all of it at a markedly lower resolution. It is primarily used for censorship. The effect is a standard graphics filter, available in all but the most basic bitmap graphics editors.
Argyrodes rostratus
Argyrodes rostratus is a species of tangle-web spider that is endemic to the Seychelles, and can be found on Mahé, Île Sèche, Cerf, Conception, Silhouette, Curieuse, Cousin, Aride, Praslin, La Digue, Grand Sœur, Felicite, Marianne, Denis islands and the Alphonse and St. François atolls. It is found in woodland, shrubby habitat and gardens, and is a kleptoparasite of red-legged golden orb-web spiders. It is threatened by habitat deterioration due to invasive plants, especially Cinnamomum verum.

Grande Soeur
Grande Soeur Island, also called Big Sister, East Sister, is an island in the Seychelles archipelago, Located north of La Digue.
It is part of Iles Soeurs with Petite Soeur. It is a granitic island covered with tropical forests. 
The island is privately owned.
Constance W. Hand
Constance W. Hand (September 11, 1895 – December 14, 1982) was an American Republican Party politician who served six terms in the New Jersey General Assembly.

Raised in East Orange, New Jersey, she attended East Orange High School and graduated from Vassar College. She later attended Drake Secretarial School, and worked as a substitute teacher and law clerk before marrying Clarence J. Hand in 1917. From 1926 to 1931, Hand served as Justice of the Peace in Orange, New Jersey.  She was elected to the New Jersey General Assembly in 1934, and was re-elected in 1935.  She lost her bid for re-election in 1936, but won her seat back in 1937.  She was again re-elected in 1938, 1939 and 1940. She died in 1982 in Dade County, Florida at the age of 97.

East Orange, New Jersey
East Orange is a city in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 69,612, an increase of 5,342 (+8.3%) from the 2010 census count of 64,270, which in turn reflected a decline of 5,554 (−8.0%) from the 69,824 counted in the 2000 census. The city was the state's 17th most populous municipality in 2020, after having been ranked 20th in 2010 and 14th statewide in 2000. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 69,556 for 2023, making it the 544th-most populous municipality in the nation.
Giovanni Bacordo
Vice Admiral Giovanni Carlo Jamero Bacordo is a Filipino admiral who was the Chief of the Philippine Navy. He is a graduate of the Philippine Military Academy "Hinirang" Class of 1987. Prior to his post, he served as the commander of the Philippine Fleet.

In September 2022, he was appointed by President Bongbong Marcos to the Department of Energy as an undersecretary in charge of securing the country's energy facilities.

Department of Energy (Philippines)
The Department of Energy (DOE; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Enerhiya) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for preparing, integrating, manipulating, organizing, coordinating, supervising, and controlling all plans, programs, projects and activities of the Government relative to energy exploration, development, utilization, distribution and conservation.
Latin American Idol season 1
The first season of Latin American Idol premiered on Sony Entertainment Television on July 12, 2006 and continued until October 27, 2006, when it was won by Venezuelan born Mayré Martínez. Auditions were held in Caracas, Bogotá, Mexico City, and Buenos Aires in the spring of 2006.  The concerts started on August 30 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the host country.

Sony Channel (Latin America)
Sony Channel (commonly referred to on-air as Sony) is a Latin American pay television channel that broadcasts TV series and movies. It is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment and distributed by Ole Distribution. It was the first pan-regional basic-tier channel that offered programming in English with Spanish subtitles.
Karel Beran
Karel Beran (born 22 June 1966) is a Czech diplomat and politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2025. He has served as ambassador to Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay since 2016.  From 2009 to 2014, he served as ambassador to Spain and as permanent delegate to UN Tourism.

Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic
The Chamber of Deputies, officially the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic (Czech: Poslanecká sněmovna Parlamentu České republiky, PS PČR), is the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The chamber has 200 seats and deputies are elected for four-year terms using the party-list proportional representation system with the Imperiali and Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas. Since 2002, there have been 14 constituencies, matching the Czech regions, with district size varying from 8 to 26 representatives. A Cabinet is answerable to the Chamber of Deputies and the Prime Minister stays in office only as long as they retain the support of a majority of its members. The quorum is set by law to one third (67) of elected deputies. Any changes to the constitutional laws must be approved by at least 60 percent of the Chamber of Deputies. The seat of the Chamber of Deputies is the Thun Palace in Malá Strana, Prague.
Al ajillo
Al ajillo is a typical condiment in the cuisines of the Spanish-speaking world. The likely origin, through colonization, is the Spanish dish gambas al ajillo, prawns cooked in a garlic and hot paprika oil. In Mexico, it combines guajillo chili peppers and ajo (garlic). In other Latin American countries the dish is similar, but using other chilies, for example the aji panca or aji mirasol in Peruvian cooking, dried forms of aji amarillo.

Capsicum baccatum
Capsicum baccatum, also simply referred to as ají (Spanish: [aˈxi]), is a member of the genus Capsicum, and is one of the five domesticated chili pepper species. The fruit tends to be very pungent and registers 30,000 to 50,000 on the Scoville heat unit scale.
Bus Éireann Route 101
Bus Éireann Route 101 is a bus route in Ireland, that runs from Talbot Street, in Dublin city centre, to the Bus Station in the town of Drogheda, via Swords, Balbriggan and Julianstown. It is operated by Bus Éireann and is the main bus route connecting Drogheda to Dublin. Routes 101X and 100X are peak time express services using the Dublin Port Tunnel and M1 motorway. In 2023 the 101 route was upgraded to a full 24-hour service from Sunday May 7, with 293 departures targeted per week. The new timetable is operated by Bus Eireann and includes a fleet of new, fully accessible double and single deck coaches on the route.

Dublin Port Tunnel
The Dublin Tunnel (Irish: Tollán Bhaile Átha Cliath), originally and still commonly known as the Port Tunnel, is a road traffic tunnel in Dublin, Ireland, that forms part of the M50 motorway.

The twin tunnels form a two-lane dual carriageway connecting Dublin Port, which lies to the east of central Dublin, and the M50 motorway at junction 2, close to Dublin Airport. The tunnels are 4.5 km (2.8 mi) in length and total project length of 5.6 km (3.5 mi). It had a final cost of approximately €752 million.

The tunnel was officially opened on 20 December 2006; it was initially only open to HGVs. It was opened to all traffic on 28 January 2007.
Chbika
Chbika is a small coastal town and rural commune in Tan-Tan Province of the Guelmim-Oued Noun region of Morocco. It is located just to the south of the Port of Tan-Tan, west of the city. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 541 people living in 108 households.

Guelmim-Oued Noun
Guelmim-Oued Noun (Arabic: ڭلميم-وادي نون, romanized: gulmīm wādī nūn) is one of the twelve administrative regions of Morocco. The southeastern part of the region is located in Western Sahara, a territory that Morocco has occupied since 1975, and a small strip of land in this area is administered by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The region as a whole covers an area of 46,108 km2 and had a population of 448,152 as of the 2024 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Guelmim.
Céline Burkart
Céline Burkart (born 25 April 1995) is a Swiss badminton player. She competed at the 2015 and 2019 European Games. Burkart was a runner-up at the 2014 Slovak Open in the mixed doubles event partnered with Oliver Schaller, and later won the Swiss International tournament after beat the French pair. They were taken to three games, a match that saw them drop their first set of the tournament. They were steadied to take the match and the title 21–19 in the deciding set.

Badminton at the 2019 European Games
Badminton at the 2019 European Games was held at Falcon Club, Minsk, Belarus from 24 to 30 June. The badminton programme in 2019 included men's and women's singles competitions; men's, women's and mixed doubles competitions.
Lagat
Lagat is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Lagat (born 1974), Kenyan-American middle- and long-distance runner

Cleophas Lagat, Kenyan politician and Governor of Nandi County

Elijah Lagat (1966–2025), Kenyan marathon runner and politician

Viola Cheptoo Lagat (born 1989), Kenyan middle-distance runner

Cleophas Lagat
Cleophas Lagat is a Kenyan politician and the former Governor of Nandi County, who served from 2013 to 2017. He joined politics after resigning as the Principal of Eldoret Polytechnic in 2012. He had previously held other positions in Kenyan tertiary colleges. He was succeeded by Stephen Sang.
Swedish Army Quartermaster Corps
The Swedish Army Quartermaster Corps (Swedish: Intendenturkåren) was an administrative corps for personnel within the Swedish Army created in 1880. From the corps, the Swedish Army was provided with staff for various commissary positions. The head of the corps was the Quartermaster-General of the Swedish Army. In 1966, the corps was amalgamated with the Swedish Naval Quartermaster Corps and the Swedish Air Force's quartermaster officers and formed the Quartermaster Corps of the Swedish Armed Forces. It was in turn amalgamated with the Swedish Army Ordnance Corps in 1973 and formed the Commissary Corps of the Swedish Armed Forces which was disbanded in 1990.

Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration
The Royal Swedish Army Material Administration (Swedish: Kungliga Arméförvaltningen, KAF) was a Swedish central government agency that replaced the War College in 1865. It was active between the years 1866 and 1954.