hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence microscope
A fluorescence microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence instead of, or in addition to, scattering, reflection, and attenuation or absorption, to study the properties of organic or inorganic substances.  A fluorescence microscope is any microscope that uses fluorescence to generate an image, whether it is a simple setup like an epifluorescence microscope or a more complicated design such as a confocal microscope, which uses optical sectioning to get better resolution of the fluorescence image.

Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
In physics, absorption of electromagnetic radiation is how matter (typically electrons bound in atoms) takes up a photon's energy—and so transforms electromagnetic energy into internal energy of the absorber (for example, thermal energy).

A notable effect of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is attenuation of the radiation; attenuation is the gradual reduction of the intensity of light waves as they propagate through a medium.

Although the absorption of waves does not usually depend on their intensity (linear absorption), in certain conditions (optics) the medium's transparency changes by a factor that varies as a function of wave intensity, and saturable absorption (or nonlinear absorption) occurs.
USS R-10
USS R-10 (SS-87), also known as "Submarine No. 87", was an R-1-class coastal and harbor defense submarines of the United States Navy commissioned after the end of World War I.

Due to space constraints, the boats built at the Fore River Shipbuilding Company yard, were laid down much later than the boats built at the Union Iron Works and the Lake Torpedo Boat Company yards. Because of this, none were commissioned before the end of WWI.

Coastal submarine
A coastal submarine or littoral submarine is a small, maneuverable submarine with a shallow draft well suited to navigating  coastal channels and harbors. Although size is not precisely defined, coastal submarines are larger than midget submarines, but smaller than sea-going submarines designed for longer patrols on the open ocean. Space limitations aboard coastal submarines restrict fuel availability for distant travel, food availability for extended patrol duration, and number of weapons carried. Within those limitations, however, coastal submarines may be able to reach areas inaccessible to larger submarines, and be more difficult to detect.
Eupithecia ornata
Eupithecia ornata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found from British Columbia and Alberta, south to California, Arizona and Nevada.

The wingspan is about 21 mm. Adults are on wing from June to July and again from August to December.

The larvae feed the needles of various Pinus species, including Pinus ponderosa, Pinus contorta var. contorta and  Pinus monticola. Full-grown larvae reach a length of 20 mm. The larvae can be found from July to September. The species overwinters in the pupal stage and pupation occurs from August to September.

Pinus contorta
Pinus contorta, with the common names lodgepole pine, shore pine, twisted pine, and contorta pine, is an evergreen species of conifer tree. It is a common pine in western North America, found near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpine, but is rare in lowland rain forests.
W. H. Over Museum
The W. H. Over Museum, in Vermillion, South Dakota is the oldest museum in the state of South Dakota. Established in 1883, its collection contains over 80,000 items relating to the natural and cultural history of South Dakota and the Northern Plains.

The museum is located on the campus of the University of South Dakota but is operated as a private 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, the Friends of the W. H. Over Museum.

Vermillion, South Dakota
Vermillion (Lakota: Waséoyuze; "The Place Where Vermilion is Obtained") is a city in and the county seat of Clay County. It is in the southeastern corner of South Dakota, United States, and is the state's 12th-most populous city. According to the 2020 census, the population was 11,695. The city lies atop a bluff near the Missouri River.

The area has been home to Native American tribes for centuries. French fur traders first visited in the late 18th century. Vermillion was founded in 1859 and incorporated in 1873. The name refers to the Lakota name: wa sa wak pa'la (red stream). Home to the University of South Dakota, Vermillion has a mixed academic and rural character: the university is a major academic institution for the state, with its only law and medical schools and its only AACSB-accredited business school. Major farm products include corn, soybeans, and alfalfa.
Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run
The Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run is a 100 mile ultramarathon that traverses the Wasatch and Bear River Ranges west of Bear Lake, from Logan, Utah to Fish Haven, Idaho.  With 21,986 ft (6,701 m) of climb and an average elevation of 7,700 ft (2,300 m), it is a difficult, mountainous race.

First held in 1999, the run is held on the Friday and Saturday before the last full weekend in September.  This normally augurs warm fall days and cool nights in spectacular fall color, hence the run's motto "36 Hours of Indian Summer."  In 2006, an unprecedented series of snow storms forced a change to an alternate course 36 hours before the start of the run.

Wasatch Range
The Wasatch Range (/ˈwɑːsætʃ/ WAH-satch) or Wasatch Mountains is a mountain range in the western United States that runs about 160 miles (260 km) from the Utah–Idaho border south to central Utah. It is the western edge of the greater Rocky Mountains, and the eastern edge of the Great Basin region. The northern extension of the Wasatch Range, the Bear River Mountains, extends just into Idaho, constituting all of the Wasatch Range in that state.

In the language of the native Ute people, wasatch means "mountain pass" or "low pass over high range." According to William Bright, the mountains were named for a Shoshoni leader who was named with the Shoshoni term wasattsi, meaning "blue heron". In 1926, Cecil Alter quoted Henry Gannett from 1902, who said that the word meant "land of many waters," then posited, "the word is a common one among the Shoshones, and is given to a berry basket" carried by women.
Retox (band)
Retox is an American hardcore punk band that formed in 2011. The four-piece was founded by Justin Pearson and Gabe Serbian, both of whom had previously performed together in The Locust, Holy Molar and Head Wound City. The two additional members are Thor Dickey and Michael Crain. Serbian was replaced by Brian Evans in 2013. Retox has since been signed to Ipecac Recordings and Epitaph Records and released three studio albums: Ugly Animals (2011), YPLL (2013) and Beneath California (2015).

Holy Molar
Holy Molar is a noise rock band from San Diego, composed of vocalist Mark McCoy (under the stage name "Mark McMolar"), guitarist Gabe Serbian, bassist Justin Pearson, drummer Maxamillion Avila and keyboardist Bobby Bray.
Hallandstrafiken
Hallandstrafiken AB is the local transit authority in Halland, Sweden (with the exception of Kungsbacka, where Västtrafik is responsible for public transportation). Their main office is located in Falkenberg.

Halland County
Halland County (Swedish: Hallands län, [ˈhǎlːan(d)s ˈlɛːn]) is a county (län) on the western coast of Sweden. It corresponds roughly to the cultural and historical province of Halland. The capital is Halmstad. Prince Julian, the son of Prince Carl Philip, is Duke of Halland.

It borders the counties of Västra Götaland, Jönköping, Kronoberg, Scania and the sea of the Kattegat.
Fulvous babbler
The fulvous babbler or fulvous chatterer (Argya fulva) is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is 25 cm long with a wingspan of 27–30.5 cm. It is warm brown above with very faint streaking on the crown and back. The throat is whitish and the rest of the underparts are pale brown.

It is found in northern Africa south to the Sahel region and occurs in Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan, and Tunisia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

The fulvous babbler was formerly placed in the genus Turdoides but following the publication of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, it was moved to the resurrected genus Argya.

Turdoides
Turdoides is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae. The species are distributed across Africa and southern Asia and are typically fairly large, long-tailed birds which forage in noisy groups. The majority of species have drab brown or grey-brown plumage. Several species that were included in Turdoides in the past have been reassigned to Argya following a 2018 study that found multiple clades.

The genus Turdoides was introduced in 1826 by the German physician Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar specifically for the white-headed babbler. The name combines the thrush genus Turdus with the Ancient Greek -oidēs meaning "resembling".
Fyfe River
The Fyfe River is a river in the Tasman District of New Zealand. It arises in the Marino Mountains near Mount Owen and flows north, then south-west, south and south-east to join the Owen River, a tributary of the Buller River, which eventually exits into the Tasman Sea.

A Department of Conservation-maintained tramping track follows the river, and can be used for access to Mount Owen.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery
Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery, 25 April 1621 to 16 October 1679, was an Anglo-Irish soldier and politician. A younger son of the Earl of Cork, the largest landowner in Munster, like many Irish Protestants he supported the Dublin Castle administration during the Irish Confederate Wars, a related conflict of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

Boyle was noted for his anti-Catholicism, and consistently opposed concessions to Irish Catholics. A skilled politician, he believed that maintaining the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland required support from the ruling government in London, whatever its composition. As a result, he held senior positions under the Commonwealth and Charles II, following the 1660 Stuart Restoration.

A noted writer on 17th-century warfare, Boyle helped design Charles Fort outside Kinsale. He also produced a number of plays and poems, which were well regarded by contemporaries but have since faded into obscurity.

Irish Catholics
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Americans, Canadians and Australians. In countries like the United States, Canada and Australia, many Catholics descend from Irish immigrants/migrants who passed down their faith.
Philip E. Cryer
Philip E. Cryer (1940 – 2024) was an American endocrinologist and physician-scientist known for his research on catecholamine physiology, glucose counter-regulation, and hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF), also known as Cryer Syndrome, in diabetes.  He spent his career at Washington University School of Medicine where he directed both the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research and the General Clinical Research Center.

Washington University School of Medicine
Washington University School of Medicine (WashU Medicine) is the medical school of Washington University in St. Louis, located in the Central West End neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1891, the School of Medicine shares a campus with Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis Children's Hospital, and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center.

The clinical service is provided by Washington University Physicians, a comprehensive medical and surgical practice providing treatment in more than 75 medical specialties. Washington University Physicians are the medical staff of the school's two teaching hospitals – Barnes-Jewish Hospital and St. Louis Children's Hospital. They also provide inpatient and outpatient care at the St. Louis Veteran's Administration Hospital, hospitals of the BJC HealthCare system, and 35 other office locations throughout the greater St. Louis region.
Chevrolet Corvette Z06
Chevrolet Corvette Z06 refers to different models of the Chevrolet Corvette:

Chevrolet Corvette C2 Z06 (1963)

Chevrolet Corvette C5 Z06 (2001-2004)

Chevrolet Corvette C6 Z06 (2006-2013)

Chevrolet Corvette C7 Z06 (2015-2019)

Chevrolet Corvette C8 Z06 (2023-)

Chevrolet Corvette (C7)
The Chevrolet Corvette (C7) is the seventh generation of the Corvette sports car manufactured by American automobile manufacturer Chevrolet from 2014 until 2019. The first C7 Corvettes were delivered in the third quarter of 2013. The racing variants include the C7.R, which won the GTLM 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Randy Fuller (American football)
Randy Fuller (born June 2, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for six seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Denver Broncos, Pittsburgh Steelers. Atlanta Falcons, and Seattle Seahawks. He played college football for the Tennessee State Tigers and was selected by the Broncos in the fourth round of the 1994 NFL draft. He is known for breaking up the "Hail Mary" pass from Jim Harbaugh intended for Aaron Bailey in the 1995 AFC Championship Game to secure the Steelers victory, sending them to their fifth Super Bowl (XXX), and their first in 16 years.

AFC Championship Game
The AFC Championship Game is the annual championship game of the American Football Conference (AFC) and one of the two semifinal playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the world. The game is played on the last Sunday in January by the two remaining playoff teams, following the AFC postseason's first two rounds. The AFC champion then advances to face the winner of the NFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl.

The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with the merged league realigning into two conferences. Since 1984, each winner of the AFC Championship Game has also received the Lamar Hunt Trophy, named after the founder of the AFL and founder and longtime owner of the Kansas City Chiefs, Lamar Hunt.
Sunday Times Rich List 2020
The Sunday Times Rich List 2020 is the 32nd annual survey of the wealthiest people resident in the United Kingdom, published by The Sunday Times on 17 May 2020.

The list was edited by Robert Watts who succeeded long-term compiler Philip Beresford in 2017.

The list was previewed in the previous week's Sunday Times and widely reported by other media.

Philip Beresford
Philip Beresford was the compiler of the Sunday Times Rich List, which is compiled in January every year featuring the richest 1,000 people in the United Kingdom. He retired in 2016. Beresford also does interviews and news stories with influential people. He is known as an expert on charitable giving by the wealthy.
Faubert
People commonly known by their family name Faubert include:

Frank Faubert, Canadian politician

Ida Faubert, Haitian writer

Jacques Faubert, Canadian composer and conductor

Jocelyn Faubert, Canadian psychophysicist

Julien Faubert, French football player

Mario Faubert, Canadian ice hockey player and politician

Pierre Faubert, Haitian poet/playwright

Ida Faubert
Ida Faubert (14 February 1882 – 23 July 1969) (Christian first name Gertrude Florentine Félicitée Ida) was a Haitian writer. She was a complex literary figure: bicultural, biracial, and privileged, she neither fitted easily into socially-prescribed categories for women of color in France or Haiti nor conformed to them. As a deft writer and socialite in both Port-au-Prince and Paris, she promoted and participated in the movements of Haitian writers and literature in Haiti and France.
Peoples Bus Service
Peoples Bus Service, formally known as the Sindh Intra-District Peoples Bus Service Project is a public bus service by the Government of Sindh operating in Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Mirpurkhas, and Nawabshah.

Larkana
Larkana (Sindhi: لاڙڪانو‎, romanized: lāṛkāṇō; Urdu: لاڑکانہ, romanized: lāṛkāna) is a city located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the 15th largest city of Pakistan by population. It is home to the Indus Valley civilization site Mohenjo-daro. The historic Indus River flows in east and south of the city.

The city is located within Larkana District. Formerly known as Chandka, Larkana is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal, about 40 miles (64 km) south of the town Shikarpur, and 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Mehar. With a population of 551,716 in the 2023 Census of Pakistan, it is the 4th most populated city of Sindh province (after Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur), and the 19th most populated city in PAKISTAN.
Amédée de Beauplan
Amédée de Beauplan (11 July 1790 – 24 December 1853) was a 19th-century French playwright, composer and painter.  Amédée de Beauplan was in fact used as a nom-de-plume by Amédée Rousseau.

Much of his family (including his father), close to queen Marie Antoinette's entourage, was executed during the French Revolution.

He composed hit songs, including Le Pardon and Dormez, mes chères amours, and the famous Leçon de valse du petit François (1834) sung in cabarets for over a century (in particular by George Chepfer), and two opéras comiques: L'Amazone, after Scribe, Delestre-Poirson and Mélesville (1830) and Le Mari au bal (1845). Dormez, mes chères amours was also utilized as the text for the aria of Monsieur Guillot in Tchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin. He also authored several vaudevilles, novels, fables and painted some pictures between 1833 and 1842.

He was Arthur de Beauplan's father (1823–1890), also a playwright.

Fable
Fable is a literary genre defined as a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, legendary creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are anthropomorphised, and that illustrates or leads to a particular moral lesson, which may at the end be added explicitly as a concise maxim or saying.

A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech or other powers of humankind. Conversely, an animal tale specifically includes talking animals as characters.

Usage has not always been so clearly distinguished. In the King James Version of the New Testament, "μῦθος" ("mythos") was rendered by the translators as "fable" in the First Epistle to Timothy, the Second Epistle to Timothy, the Epistle to Titus and the First Epistle of Peter.
Yukichi (singer)
Yukichi (諭吉) (born 18 August 1984 in Osaka) is a Japanese singer, actor and TV personality who works for the Yoshimoto Kogyo entertainment agency. He is Yoshimoto's first transgender male entertainer.

He was formerly a member of the all-female-to-male music group SECRET GUYZ, and a finalist for the auditions of the mixed-gender idol group Yoshimotozaka 46. His current aim with his work is to increase public awareness and acceptance of the LGBTQ community.

Yoshimotozaka46
Yoshimotozaka46 (吉本坂46; Yoshimotozaka Fōtīshikkusu) is a Japanese co-ed idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto. It was created on February 21, 2018. It is Nogizaka46's second sister group, after Keyakizaka46 (now split between Sakurazaka46 and Hinatazaka46). This was named after the Osaka-based entertainment company, Yoshimoto Kogyo Holdings.
Cajalco Canyon Creek
Cajalco Canyon Creek is an ephemeral stream that flows through Cajalco Canyon in the Temescal Mountains of Riverside County, California, United States. It is a tributary to Temescal Wash, itself a tributary to the Santa Ana River.  Cajalco is thought to be a Hispanic spelling of the word for "quail" in the languages of the Luiseño and Cahuilla who lived in the area. The word Cajalco is an acronym- California Jalisco Land Company of Los Angeles

Luiseño
The Luiseño or Payómkawichum are an Indigenous people of California who, at the time of the first contacts with the Spanish in the 16th century, inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging 50 miles (80 km) from the present-day southern part of Los Angeles County to the northern part of San Diego County, and inland 30 miles (48 km). In the Luiseño language, the people call themselves Payómkawichum (also spelled Payómkowishum), meaning "People of the West." After the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia (The Mission of Saint Louis King of France), "the Payómkawichum began to be called San Luiseños, and later, just Luiseños by Spanish missionaries due to their proximity to this San Luis Rey mission.

Today there are six federally recognized tribes of Luiseño bands based in southern California, all with reservations. Another organized band is not federally recognized.
Roberto Vacchi
Roberto Ivano Luca Vacchi (born 28 November 1965, Stockholm) is an Italian-Swedish retired racing cyclist and a sports commentator on Eurosport. He commentates cross-country skiing and a variety of other sports, but is most known for his cycling coverage together with Anders Adamson. Vacchi also works as an announcer at the Swedish national football team's home matches, Vasaloppet, Royal Palace Sprint and other events.

Vasaloppet
Vasaloppet (Swedish for 'the Vasa race') is an annual long distance cross-country ski race held on the first Sunday of March. The 90 km (56 mi) course starts in the village of Berga, just south of Sälen in western Dalarna, Sweden, and ends in the town of Mora in the central part of the province. It is the oldest cross-country ski race in the world, as well as the one with the highest number of participants.

The race was inspired by a notable journey King Gustav Vasa made from Mora to Sälen when he was fleeing from Christian II's soldiers during the winter of 1520–1521. According to legend, he fled on skis. The modern competition started in 1922 and it has been a part of the Worldloppet events since 1979.
Whitegate, County Cork
Whitegate (Irish: an Geata Bán) is a small village in East Cork on the eastern shore of Cork Harbour in County Cork, Ireland. It lies within the townlands of Ballincarroonig and Corkbeg. Whitegate is within the Cork East Dáil constituency.

The ruins of a 14th-century or 15th-century church lie in the grounds of Corkbeg churchyard close to Whitegate village. The current Church of Ireland parish church was built within the same churchyard in 1881.

Once a fishing port and known for lace-making, during the 20th-century Whitegate became the location for Ireland's only oil refinery. This facility, Whitegate refinery, was built on Corkbeg Island on one side of Whitegate Bay and has been owned by Irving Oil since 2016. Aghada Power Generating plant lies on the other side of the bay.

The writer William Wall grew up here, though his home, then vacant, was destroyed in a fire in 2008 in a suspected arson attack. Trabolgan Holiday Village is located nearby.

Cork East (Dáil constituency)
Cork East is a parliamentary constituency in County Cork represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects four deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).