hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cashville Records
Cashville Records (formerly G-Unit South) is an American independent record label based in Nashville, Tennessee, founded by rapper Young Buck. Initially founded as a southern branch of 50 Cent's G-Unit Records, the label became "Cashville Records" in late 2007 after a dispute between 50 Cent and Young Buck led to Buck being banned from using the G-Unit logo or name to distribute his music. The label has signed such acts as The Outlawz, C-Bo, Lil Scrappy, D4L and more.

Lil Scrappy
Darryl Raynard Richardson III (born January 19, 1984), professionally known as Lil Scrappy, is an American rapper.

Richardson was discovered by producer and performer Lil Jon while performing at a strip club in their respective hometown of Maryland. Along with labelmates Trillville, Lil Scrappy was one of the first signings to Lil Jon's BME Recordings. Richardson has built a strong reputation and eager following throughout the Atlanta hip hop scene and throughout the Southeastern United States through various mixtape releases.
National Democratic Alliance (Mauritania)
The National Democratic Alliance (Arabic: التحالف الوطني الديمقراطي, romanized: at-taḥāluf al-waṭani ad-dīmuqrāṭi, French: Alliance nationale démocratique, AND) is a centrist political party in Mauritania. It became the fifth largest political party of the country after the 2018 parliamentary elections. The AND backs the administration of Mohamed Ould Ghazouani and is part of the Coordination of Parties of the Majority.

As of 2023, the party has 6 seats in the National Assembly of Mauritania.

2018 Mauritanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Mauritania in September 2018; the first round took place on 1 September, with a second round held on 15 September. At the national level, elections were held in 157 constituencies, each electing one member to the National Assembly. Elections were also held in 13 regional councils and 219 municipalities.

As a result of the election, Union for Republic (UPR) remained the single largest party at the national level both in terms of popular vote and seats.
Wingly (company)
Wingly is an international company based in Paris, France. Running an online flightsharing platform, they connect passengers and local private pilots. Private pilots are able to offer seats on their flights departing from local aerodromes. The website is part of the sharing economy. When offering a flight, the pilot shares the operational expenses with their passengers.

This service is often compared to Uber, Airbnb or Blablacar. All flights are insured by Allianz.

Pilots are not allowed to make a profit, but they can split the direct costs of the flight equally with the passengers.

Sharing economy
The sharing economy is a socio-economic system whereby consumers share in the creation, production, distribution, trade and consumption of goods, and services. These systems take a variety of forms, often leveraging information technology and the Internet, particularly digital platforms, to facilitate the distribution, sharing and reuse of excess capacity in goods and services.

It can be facilitated by nonprofit organizations, usually based on the concept of book-lending libraries, in which goods and services are provided for free (or sometimes for a modest subscription) or by commercial entities, in which a company provides a service to customers for profit.

It relies on the will of the users to share and the overcoming of stranger danger.

It provides benefits, for example can lower the GHG emissions of products by 77%-85%.
Bacterial soft rot
Bacterial soft rots are caused by several types of bacteria, but most commonly by species of gram-negative bacteria, Erwinia, Pectobacterium, and Pseudomonas. It is a destructive disease of fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals found worldwide, and affects genera from nearly all the plant families. The bacteria mainly attack the fleshy storage organs of their hosts (tubers, corms, bulbs, and rhizomes), but they also affect succulent buds, stems, and petiole tissues. With the aid of special enzymes, the plant is turned into a liquid mush in order for the bacteria to consume the plant cell's nutrients. Disease spread can be caused by simple physical interaction between infected and healthy tissues during storage or transit. The disease can also be spread by insects. Control of the disease is not always very effective, but sanitary practices in production, storing, and processing are something that can be done in order to slow the spread of the disease and protect yields.

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
David C. Hilmers
David Carl Hilmers (born January 28, 1950) is a former NASA astronaut who flew four Space Shuttle missions. He was born in Clinton, Iowa, but considers DeWitt, Iowa, to be his hometown. He has two grown sons. His recreational interests include playing the piano, gardening, electronics, spending time with his family, and all types of sports. His parents are deceased. With five academic degrees, he is the second most formally educated U.S. astronaut, behind Story Musgrave and Lee Morin with six.

Naval Postgraduate School
Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is a Naval command with a graduate university mission, operated by the United States Navy and located in Monterey, California.

The NPS mission is to provide "defense-focused graduate education, including classified studies and interdisciplinary research, to advance the operational effectiveness, technological leadership and warfighting advantage of the Naval service."

It offers master's and doctoral degrees in more than 70 fields of study to the U.S. Armed Forces, Department of Defense civilians and international partners. Established in 1909, the school also offers research fellowship opportunities at the postdoctoral level through the National Academies' National Research Council research associateship program.
Legault
Legault is a surname of French-Canadian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Legault (1923–83), Canadian politician

Charles-Alexis Legault (born 2003), Canadian ice hockey player

Claude Legault (born 1963), Canadian actor

Diane Legault (born 1956), Canadian politician

Émile Legault (born 2000), Canadian soccer player

François Legault (born 1957), Canadian politician and 32nd premier of Quebec

Hugues Legault (born 1974), Canadian freestyle swimmer

Josée Legault (born 1966), Canadian journalist

Karine Legault (born 1978), Canadian freestyle swimmer

Kyle Legault (born 1985), Canadian speedway rider

Lance LeGault (1937–2012), American actor

Léonard Legault (1935–2017), Canadian diplomat

Paul Legault (born 1985), Canadian-American poet

Suzanne Legault, former Information Commissioner of Canada

Théodore Legault (1886–1935), Canadian politician

Thierry Legault (born 1962), French astrophotographer

Carl Legault
Carl Legault (January 2, 1923 – March 12, 1983) was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Nipissing in the House of Commons of Canada from 1964 to 1972. He represented the Liberal Party.

Before entering politics, Legault was a furniture retailer in Sturgeon Falls.

He was first elected in a 1964 byelection, following the death of the district's longtime MP Jack Garland. He was reelected in the 1965 and 1968 elections, and then retired from politics in 1972. He died in 1983 and was buried at Sturgeon Falls.

His dad, Théodore Legault, represented Sturgeon Falls in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1926 to 1929 as an Independent-Liberal and then Nipissing as a Liberal member from 1934 until his death in 1935.
Robert Smith (Ontario politician)
Robert Smith (April 11, 1819 – September 19, 1900) was a Canadian politician and farmer.

Born in County Armagh, Ireland, Smith immigrated to British North America with his family in 1828 and settled in the Home District of Canada West, which was to become the County of Peel in Ontario, where he became a farmer. In 1847, he married Eliza Jane McCandless. Smith served on the councils for Chinguacousy Township and Peel County. He was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1867. Smith was narrowly elected to the 2nd Canadian Parliament in the 1872 federal election defeating the Conservative incumbent, John Hillyard Cameron, by 16 votes. He sat as a Liberal representing the riding of Peel and was re-elected in the 1874 election that brought the Liberal Party to power but defeated in the 1878 election that returned a Conservative government. Smith died in Brampton at the age of 81.

1878 Canadian federal election
The 1878 Canadian federal election was held on September 17, 1878, to elect members of the House of Commons of the 4th Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the end of Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie's Liberal government after only one term in office. Canada suffered an economic depression during Mackenzie's term, and his party was punished by voters for it. The Liberals' policy of free trade also hurt their support with the business establishment in Toronto and Montreal.

Sir John A. Macdonald and his Conservative Party were returned to power after having been defeated four years before amidst scandals over the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
Roman Catholic Kshatriya
Roman Catholic  Kshatriyas or Christian Kshatriyas (simply Cxatrias in Romi Konkani, Indo-Portuguese & Indian English) are a modern Christianised caste among Goan, Bombay East Indian, Mangalorean, Kudali & Karwari Catholics. They are patrilineal descendants of Kshatriya and Vaishya Vani converts to the Latin Church, in parts of the Konkan region that were under Portuguese Goan rule. They are known as Chardo in Goan Konkani, Charodi (Kanarese Tsāroḍi) in Canarese Konkani  & as Sandori or Vadval in Damanese-Maharashtrian Konkani; while others also converted from the Khatri, Panchkalshi, Sonar & Pathare subcastes who speak the Bombay East Indian dialect. Some Chardos have maintained endogamy, while others have intermarried with Bamonns.

East Indian language
The East Indian language or East Indian dialect, also known as Mobai Marathi and East Indian Mahratti; is the form of Marathi-Konkani languages spoken in Bombay (Mumbai). It has a significant amount of Indo-Portuguese loanwords. It does not have a unique script of its own. Devanagari and the Roman script are used by its speakers, who are the native Christians of the Seven Islands of Bombay in the northern Konkan division. The dialect is losing popular usage due to immigration, depopulation & anglo-americanisation among the younger generation. However, it is still used to make songs and dramas, as well as in Christian worship since the Novus Ordo was approved in the 1960s.
Sokuluk (river)
The Sokuluk (Kyrgyz: Сокулук) is a river in Chüy District and Moskva District of Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan. The river is formed by confluence of Chong-Tör and Kichi-Tör. The Sokuluk flows into Ak-Suu near Tölök village. The river is 87 km (54 mi) long, and has a watershed area of 476 km2 (184 sq mi). The annual average flow rate is 5.14 m3/s (182 cu ft/s); the maximum flow is from May to September. The river rises from the northern slopes of Kyrgyz Ala-Too and enters Chüy Valley where it flows into Ak-Suu. Sokuluk is fed by melt-, glacier-, snow and spring water. The basin of the river contains 48 glaciers totaling 57.9 km2 (22.4 sq mi). The river is used for irrigation. Tösh-Bulak, Sokuluk are located at the river.

Sokuluk
Sokuluk (Dungan: Сохўлў, Sohwlw; Kyrgyz, Russian: Сокулук) is a large village in the Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan. Divided over two rural communities, its total population was 30,540 in 2021.

Sokuluk is the administrative center of Sokuluk District, and is located about 5km west from the town of Shopokov, the main economic center of the area.
Great Food Live
Great Food Live, formerly Good Food Live, was a British magazine programme hosted by Jeni Barnett and broadcast on UKTVFood part of the UKTV Network between 2001 and 2007. Jeni Barnett was joined every day by a chef co-host. The first co-hosts were Simon Rimmer, Paul Hollywood, Ed Baines and Paul Merrett, and later included Antony Worrall Thompson, Brian Turner, Sophie Grigson and Alan Coxon. Guest chefs demonstrated recipes, there were phone-ins, celebrity guests, and features on wine & spirits, new products and speciality foods. GFL was produced by independent production company, Prospect Pictures, its Editor was Elaine Bancroft, and Deputy Editor, Nikki Cooper.

The show was taken off the air on 6 April 2007 and a new show called Market Kitchen followed from 16 April 2007, featuring Tana Ramsay, Tom Parker Bowles, Rachel Allen, Matthew Fort and Matt Tebbutt.

Ed Baines
Edward "Ed" Baines is an English chef best known for being a judge on Britain's Best Dish and for being an alternate chef on Sunday Feast with Paul Merrett. He trained in The River Café in London and his flagship restaurant is Randall & Aubin.
2022 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship
The 2022 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship was the fifth staging of the Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 2018. The group stage placings were confirmed on 25 April 2022. The championship ran from 25 June to 18 September 2022.

The final was played on 18 September 2022 at Glenisk O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Tullamore and Clara, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Tullamore won the match by 3–09 to 0–09 to claim their first ever championship title.

Offaly Intermediate Hurling Championship
The Offaly Intermediate Hurling Championship is an annual hurling competition contested by mid-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1929.
Laguz
*Laguz or *Laukaz  is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the l-rune ᛚ, *laguz meaning "water" or "lake" and *laukaz meaning "leek". In the Anglo-Saxon rune poem, it is called lagu "ocean". In the Younger Futhark, the rune is called lögr "waterfall" in Icelandic and logr "water" in Norse.

The name of the corresponding Gothic letter (𐌻, l) is attested as laaz in the  Codex Vindobonensis 795; a normalized (Ulfilan) Gothic form *lagus is thought to underlie this unconventional spelling.

The rune is identical in shape to the letter l in the Raetic alphabet.

The "leek" hypothesis is based not on the rune poems, but rather on early inscriptions where the rune has been hypothesized to abbreviate *laukaz, a symbol of fertility, see the Bülach fibula.

Ulfilas
Ulfilas (Ancient Greek: Οὐλφίλας; c. 311 – 383), known also as Wulfila(s) or Urphilas, was a 4th-century Gothic preacher of Cappadocian Greek descent. He was the apostle to the Gothic people.

Ulfila served as a bishop and missionary, participated in the Arian controversy, and is credited with converting the Goths to Christianity as well as overseeing translation of the Bible into the Gothic language. For the purpose of the translation he developed the Gothic alphabet, largely based on the Greek alphabet, as well as Latin and Runic characters. Although the translation of the text into Gothic has traditionally been ascribed to Ulfila, analysis of the text of the Gothic Bible indicates the involvement of a team of translators, possibly under his supervision.
School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester
The School of Medical Sciences is the medical school of the University of Manchester, located in Manchester, England. It is the third oldest medical school in England and the largest medical school in the United Kingdom, with around 6,000 undergraduates, 3,000 postgraduates and 2,000 staff. The Faculty is a member of the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre and has four affiliated teaching hospitals at Manchester Royal Infirmary, Wythenshawe Hospital, Salford Royal Hospital and the Royal Preston Hospital.

Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
53°27′43″N 2°13′42″W﻿ / ﻿53.4619120°N 2.2283275°W﻿ / 53.4619120; -2.2283275

The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC; /ˈmæsk/) is an academic health science centre based in Manchester, United Kingdom. It is a partnership between the University of Manchester and four NHS organizations in Greater Manchester. It was originally established in June 2008, with re-designation most recently in April 2020 by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and NHS England/NHS Improvement. The most recent designation is from April 2020 to March 2025. It is now (2025) one of eight academic health science centres in England designated for excellence in health research, education, and patient care.
Lonnie Lee Van Zandt
Lonnie Lee Van Zandt (1937–1995) was a professor of physics at Purdue University in Indiana, USA.

Van Zandt participated in the formation of the molecular biological physics group at Purdue and studied the dynamics of dissolved DNA polymers. He also performed pioneering research on the effect of microwaves on DNA. His PhD thesis in Physics at Harvard University focused on the "Effects of Static Spin Density Waves on Electron Transport".

Journal of Applied Physics
The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931  under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics "in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession". The journal's current editor-in-chief is Julia R. Greer of the California Institute of Technology. The journal is part of AIP Publishing's Subscribe to Open pilot program.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 2.5.
Tumbiscatío
Tumbiscatío is a municipality in the southwest region of the Mexican state of Michoacán, being the least densely populated municipality in Michoacán. The municipality has an area of 2,069.48 square kilometres (3.51% of the surface of the state) and is bordered to the north by the municipalities of Apatzingán and La Huacana, to the east and south by Arteaga, to the southwest by Coalcomán de Vázquez Pallares, and to the west by Aguililla. The municipality had a population of 8,373 inhabitants according to the 2005 census.  Its

municipal seat is the city of Tumbiscatío de Ruiz.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
MISTY1
In cryptography, MISTY1 (or MISTY-1) is a block cipher designed in 1995 by Mitsuru Matsui and others for Mitsubishi Electric.

MISTY1 is one of the selected algorithms in the European NESSIE project, and has been among the cryptographic techniques recommended for Japanese government use by CRYPTREC in 2003; however, it was dropped to "candidate" by CRYPTREC revision in 2013. However, it was successfully broken in 2015 by Yosuke Todo using integral cryptanalysis; this attack was improved in the same year by Achiya Bar-On.

"MISTY" can stand for "Mitsubishi Improved Security Technology"; it is also the initials of the researchers involved in its development: Matsui Mitsuru, Ichikawa Tetsuya, Sorimachi Toru, Tokita Toshio, and Yamagishi Atsuhiro.

MISTY1 is covered by patents, although the algorithm is freely available for academic (non-profit) use in RFC 2994, and there's a GPLed implementation by Hironobu Suzuki (used by, e.g. Scramdisk).

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
1939–40 Belfast Charity Cup
The 1939–40 Belfast Charity Cup was the 57th and final edition of the Belfast Charity Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Belfast Celtic won the tournament for the 10th time after defeating Glentoran 3–0 in the final.

The following year, instead of the tournament being played, Belfast Celtic played a representative match against players with cross-channel experience. The representative team won 3–1.

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Heddle (surname)
Heddle is a surname of Scottish origin.

People with the surname include:

John Heddle (1941–1989), British Conservative Party politician

Charles Heddle (1812–1889), Scottish-Sierra Leonian businessman and shipowner

Kathleen Heddle (1965–2021), Canadian rower

Enid Moodie Heddle (1904–1991), Australian poet and writer for children

Matthew Forster Heddle (1828–1897), Scottish physician and amateur mineralogist

Ian Heddle (born 1963), Scottish footballer

Kathleen Heddle
Kathleen Joan Heddle, OBC (November 27, 1965 – January 11, 2021) was a Canadian Olympic rower. She and her long-time rowing partner Marnie McBean were the first Canadians to be awarded three Olympic gold medals at the Summer Games. They also won a silver in double sculls at the 1994 World Championships.
Black-yellow coalition
In Germany, a black-yellow coalition (German: schwarz-gelben Koalition) (short black-yellow; also called conservative-liberal, Christian-liberal, center-right or bourgeois coalition) is a coalition between the Union (CDU/ CSU, party colour black) and the FDP (party color yellow).

The term "black-yellow coalition" was unknown before 1972, as the FDP only adopted the color combination yellow/blue during the 1972 state election campaign in Baden-Württemberg.

Bernhard Vogel
Bernhard Vogel (German: [ˈbɛʁnhaʁt ˈfoːɡl̩]; 19 December 1932 – 2 March 2025) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was the 4th Minister President of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1976 to 1988 and the second Minister President of Thuringia from 1992 to 2003. He was the only person to have been head of two different German federal states and was the longest-governing Minister President of Germany. He served as the 28th and 40th President of the Bundesrat in 1976 to 1977 and 1987 to 1988.