hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colobanthus
Colobanthus is a large genus of small, cushion-like herbaceous plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, sometimes known as "pearlworts", a name they share with plants of the related genus Sagina. C. quitensis is the world's southernmost dicot, and one of only two native extant flowering plants of Antarctica.

Cushion plant
A cushion plant is a compact, low-growing, mat-forming plant that is found in alpine, subalpine, arctic, or subarctic environments around the world. The term "cushion" is usually applied to woody plants that grow as spreading mats, are limited in height above the ground (a few inches at most), have relatively large and deep tap roots, and have life histories adapted to slow growth in a nutrient-poor environment with delayed reproductivity and reproductive cycle adaptations. The plant form is an example of parallel or convergent evolution with species from many different plant families on different continents converging on the same evolutionary adaptations to endure the harsh environmental conditions.
Museum of World Cultures
The Museum of World Cultures is a museum under construction in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It will be situated within Royal Arts Complex of the King Salman Park. In 2024 Hartwig Fischer was appointed the director of the museum.

The museum and the surrounding Royal Arts Complex is being built to designs by Bofill Taller de Arquitectura. The museum is 110 meters in height. It is expected to open in 2026.

Bofill Taller de Arquitectura
Bofill Taller de Arquitectura is an architecture firm that was founded in 1963 by Ricardo Bofill, initially as Taller de Arquitectura (lit. 'Architecture Workshop'), then until 2023 as Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura. It is headquartered in Sant Just Desvern near Barcelona, in a former cement factory known as La Fábrica.
Spherical basis
In pure and applied mathematics, particularly quantum mechanics and computer graphics and their applications, a spherical basis is the basis used to express spherical tensors.  The spherical basis closely relates to the description of angular momentum in quantum mechanics and spherical harmonic functions.

While spherical polar coordinates are one orthogonal coordinate system for expressing vectors and tensors using polar and azimuthal angles and radial distance, the spherical basis are constructed from the standard basis and use complex numbers.

Orthogonal coordinates
In mathematics, orthogonal coordinates are defined as a set of d coordinates  in which the coordinate hypersurfaces all meet at right angles (note that superscripts are indices, not exponents). A coordinate surface for a particular coordinate qk is the curve, surface, or hypersurface on which qk is a constant. For example, the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) is an orthogonal coordinate system, since its coordinate surfaces x = constant, y = constant, and z = constant are planes that meet at right angles to one another, i.e., are perpendicular. Orthogonal coordinates are a special but extremely common case of curvilinear coordinates.
Fay McKenzie
Eunice Fay McKenzie (February 19, 1918 – April 16, 2019) was an American actress and singer. She starred in silent films as a child, and then sound films as an adult, but perhaps she is best known for her leading roles opposite Gene Autry in the early 1940s in five horse opera features. She was also known for her collaborations with director Blake Edwards on five occasions.

She also appeared on Broadway, radio, and television, having appeared on screen at ten weeks old in 1918. She was still appearing on screen at the time of her death, with her latest project opposite her son Tom Waldman Jr. in the comedy Kill a Better Mousetrap, based on a play by Scott K. Ratner, filmed in the summer of 2018 and not yet released at the time of her death, making her one of the few actors with a career spanning 100 years. She was briefly billed as Fay Shannon.

Horse opera
A horse opera, hoss opera, oat opera or oater is a Western film or television series that is clichéd or formulaic, in the manner of a (later) soap opera or space opera.

The term, which was originally coined by silent film-era Western star William S. Hart, is used variously to convey either disparagement or affection. The term "horse opera" is quite loosely defined; it does not specify a distinct sub-genre of the Western (as "space opera" does with regard to the science fiction genre). However, "horse operas" often incorporate aspects of both the soap opera and western genres. While used sparingly, in the 2010s the term "oat opera" has been used to describe films like Duel at Diablo, as well as series such as Yellowstone.
Arcana Studio
Arcana Studio is a Canadian animation studio in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. Founded as a comic book publisher by former Coquitlam, British Columbia school teacher; Sean O'Reilly in 2004, it opened an animation division in 2012.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Swahili Ajami
The Swahili Ajami script refers to the alphabet derived from the Arabic script that is used for the writing of the Swahili language.

Ajami is a name commonly given to alphabets derived from Arabic script for the use of various African languages, from Swahili to Hausa, Fula, and Wolof.

In the 2010s, there has been work on creating new Unicode characters, on keyboard mapping, and on coding script conversion programs, so that typing in Swahili Ajami Script can become as accessible as typing in Latin Script, so that texts from either script can easily and accurately be converted to the other, and to have a tool digitize and upload historic texts and manuscripts in Swahili for the sake of their preservation. Dr. Kevin Donnelly of SOAS has worked on that and on digitizing historic Swahili manuscripts.

Mem
Mem (also spelled Meem, Meme, or Mim) is the thirteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew mēm מ‎, Aramaic mem 𐡌, Syriac mīm ܡ, Arabic mīm م‎, and Phoenician mēm 𐤌. Its sound value is [m]. It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪃‎‎‎, South Arabian 𐩣, and Ge'ez መ. The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek mu (Μ), Etruscan , Latin M, and Cyrillic М.
Cecil A. Cushman
Cecil Alonzo Cushman (December 15, 1890 – November 3, 1959) was an American football, basketball and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at East Texas State Normal School—now known as East Texas A&M University—in 1920, Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa from 1921 to 1922, and the University of Redlands in Redlands, California from 1923 to 1925 and against from 1933 to 1952, compiling career college football coaching record of 90–99–15. Cushman was the head basketball coach at East Texas State in 1920–21, Simpson from 1921 to 1923, and Redlands from 1923 to 1926, amassing a career college basketball mark of 39–46. He was recognized as the inventor of the "kicking toe," a special shoe designed to aid "straight-toe" style placekickers in football.  Cushman played attended Texas A&M University and was a member of the 1912 Texas A&M Aggies football team.

University of Redlands
The University of Redlands is a private university in Redlands, California, United States. The university's main, residential campus is situated on 160 acres (65 ha) near downtown Redlands. An additional eight regional locations throughout California largely provide programs for working adults.
George H. Merryman
George Harris Merryman (28 June 1878 – 6 May 1948) was a country doctor, businessman, and politician from the U.S. state of Oregon. A Republican, he served two non-consecutive terms in the Oregon House of Representatives. In between those terms, he was elected to the Oregon State Senate for one term. In both the house and senate, the districts he represented were large and rural.  Merryman was also a pioneer doctor who made house calls by horse and buggy for many years. He later built the first modern hospital in Klamath Falls, Oregon.

Oregon House of Representatives
The Oregon House of Representatives is the lower house of the Oregon Legislative Assembly, the upper house being the Oregon State Senate. There are 60 members of the House, representing 60 districts across the state, each with a population of approximately 65,000. The House meets in the west wing of the Oregon State Capitol in Salem.

Members of the House serve two-year terms without term limits. In 2002, the Oregon Supreme Court struck down Oregon Ballot Measure 3 (1992), that had restricted State Representatives to three terms (six years) on procedural grounds.

In the current legislative session, Democrats have 37 seats, a slim 2 seat supermajority, while the Republicans have a minority of 23 seats.
A Hundred Miles or More: A Collection
A Hundred Miles or More: A Collection is a compilation album by country/bluegrass artist Alison Krauss. It was released on April 3, 2007, and is a collection of new and old songs that Krauss has recorded. It features duets with Sting, Brad Paisley, John Waite, and James Taylor. The album debuted and peaked at No. 10 on the U.S. Billboard 200, No. 3 on the U.S. Top Country Albums, and No. 38 on the UK Albums Chart.

Two singles were released from the album: a cover version of "Missing You" by John Waite, which reached No. 34 on the Hot Country Songs chart, and "Simple Love", which did not chart. One of the previously released tracks, How's The World Treating You, a duet with James Taylor, had won the Best Country Collaboration with Vocals at the 46th Grammy Awards.

Natalie MacMaster
Natalie MacMaster CM ONS (born June 13, 1972) is a Canadian fiddler from Troy, Inverness County, Nova Scotia, who plays Cape Breton fiddle music. She has toured with the Chieftains, Faith Hill, Carlos Santana and Alison Krauss, and has recorded with Yo-Yo Ma. She has appeared at the Celtic Colours festival in Cape Breton, Celtic Connections in Scotland and MerleFest in the United States.
Nordic combined at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Individual normal hill/10 km
The individual normal hill/10 km competition in Nordic combined at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held on 11 February, at the Predazzo Ski Jumping Stadium (ski jumping) and Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canal (cross-country skiing). Jens Lurås Oftebro of Norway won the event, his third Olympic medal and first individual gold, with Johannes Lamparter of Austria second, and Eero Hirvonen of Finland third. For Lamparter and Hirvonen, these were the first Olympic medals.

Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canal
The Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canàl (in italian: Centro del fondo e del biathlon Fabio Canal), until December 2018 named Lago di Tésero Cross Country Stadium (in italian: Stadio del fondo di Lago di Tesero) is a sport venue located in the village of Lago, in the municipality of Tésero (Fiemme Valley), in Trentino, northern Italy. It is currently hosting cross-country skiing and nordic combined for the 2026 Winter Olympics and Paralympics.
Pista Automóvel de Montalegre
Pista Automóvel de Montalegre is a motorsport race track situated in the municipality of Montalegre, in the Vila Real District of Portugal, close to the Spanish border. It primarily runs the Portuguese round of the European and World Rallycross championships, having hosted the latter from 2014 to 2018 and again since 2021. Before the 2022 World RX of Portugal, the layout was revised and lengthened.

Montalegre
Montalegre (Portuguese pronunciation: [mõtɐˈlɛɣɾɨ] ⓘ), officially the Town of Montalegre (Portuguese: Vila de Montalegre), is a municipality in northern Portugal, located in the district of Vila Real, along the border with Spain. The population in 2011 was 10,537, in an area of 805.46 km².
George Sumner Huntington
George Sumner Huntington (March 21, 1861 – January 5, 1927) was a medical doctor, a researcher into comparative anatomy, and a college professor.  For thirty-five years he was a professor of anatomy at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.

He had attended the college he taught at and graduated in 1897 with honors, winning 1st place in both the Harsen prize for Clinical Reports and for Proficiency in Examination.  He served as the fifth president of the Association of American Anatomists from 1899 to 1903. Among other degrees he received was an honorary Bachelor of Laws from Jefferson Medical College in 1907.

Comparative anatomy
Comparative anatomy is a study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny (the evolution of species).

The science began in the classical era, continuing in the early modern period with work by Pierre Belon who noted the similarities of the skeletons of birds and humans.

Comparative anatomy has provided evidence of common descent, and has assisted in the classification of animals.
Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024
Italy was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with the song "La noia", written by Angelina Mango, Dario Faini, and Francesca Calearo, and performed by Angelina Mango herself. The Italian participating broadcaster, Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI), selected its entry through the Sanremo Music Festival 2024.

As a member of the "Big Five", Italy automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest.

BigMama
Marianna Mammone (born 10 March 2000), known professionally as BigMama, is an Italian rapper, singer, and songwriter. She was a contestant on the Sanremo Music Festival 2024 and co-commentated the Italian broadcasts of the Eurovision Song Contest 2025.
Paul Winner
Paul Winner (1934–2019) was an artist, Liberal activist, magistrate and public relations manager.

His works included the textbook, Effective PR Management, and a caricature of Pope John Paul II.

His ashes are buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Friedrich-Wilhelm Otte
Friedrich-Wilhelm Otte (22 September 1898 – 8 May 1944) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Otte was killed on 8 May 1944 at Sevastopol during the Soviet Crimean Offensive.

Crimean offensive
The Crimean offensive (8 April – 12 May 1944), known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea, was a series of offensives by the Red Army directed at the German-held Crimea. The Red Army's 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group South Ukraine, which consisted of Wehrmacht and Romanian formations. The battles ended with the evacuation of the Crimea by the Germans. German and Romanian forces suffered considerable losses during the evacuation.
Megna
Megna is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jaycob Megna (born 1992), American ice hockey player with the Seattle Kraken

Jayson Megna (born 1990), American ice hockey player with the Anaheim Ducks

John Megna (1952–1995), American actor

Marc Megna (born 1976), American football player

Robert Megna (born 1958), American politician

Vince Megna (born 1944), American attorney

Marc Megna
Marc Megna (born July 30, 1976) is an American former professional football linebacker and defensive end in the National Football League (NFL),  NFL Europe League and Canadian Football League (CFL). In his seven-year pro career he played for the New England Patriots and Cincinnati Bengals of the NFL, the Barcelona Dragons and Berlin Thunder of NFL Europe, and the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL. Megna played college football at Richmond.
East–West Link Expressway
The East–West Link Expressway (Malay: Lebuhraya Hubungan Timur–Barat), also known as the Salak Expressway, is an extension of Malaysia's Federal Highway from Seputeh to Taman Connaught in Cheras.  It should not be confused with the East–West Highway route 4 that runs from Gerik in Perak to Jeli in Kelantan. This expressway is part of the Kuala Lumpur Southeast Dispersal Link Scheme.

Some maps label the section of the expressway from Seputeh Interchange to Salak South Expressway as a part of the Federal Highway Route 2, but the appellation is incorrect as the East–West Link Expressway was acquired by ANIH Berhad (formerly known as Metramac Corporation Sdn Bhd (MetaCorp)) and not by the PLUS Malaysia Berhad which maintains most parts of the Federal Highway. In 2007, the expressway was coded as E37 with the Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway.

The Kilometre Zero is located at Seputeh Interchange.

Seputeh (federal constituency)
Seputeh is a federal constituency in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1986.

The federal constituency was created in the 1984 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Georgianna Lincoln
Georgianna Lincoln (born February 22, 1943) is an American politician and businesswoman.

Born in Fairbanks, Alaska, Lincoln graduated from Lathrop High School in Fairbanks in 1960. She went to University of Alaska Fairbanks. She lived in Fairbanks and in the village of Rampart. Lincoln was involved with the commercial fishing industry and was on the board of directors of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Actregional corporation, Doyon, Limited. She was a member of the Alaska Commission on Judicial Conduct from 1984 to 1990. Lincoln was in the Alaska House of Representatives in 1991 and 1992. She was in the Alaska Senate from 1993 to 2005, and in 1996 was the Democratic nominee for the United States Congress.

Doyon, Limited
Doyon, Limited is one of thirteen Alaska Native Regional Corporations created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA) in settlement of aboriginal land claims. Doyon was incorporated in Alaska on June 26, 1972.  Headquartered in Fairbanks, Alaska, Doyon is a for-profit corporation with about 20,000 Alaska Native shareholders primarily of Alaskan Athabaskan (excl. Denaʼina and Ahtna) descent.
Agarfa
Agarfa is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, named for its administrative center, Agarfa. Located in the northwestern corner of the Bale Zone, Agarfa is bordered on the south by Sinanana Dinsho, on the west by west Arsi zone, on the north by the Shabelle River which separates it from the Arsi Zone, and on the east by Gaserana Gololcha. Other towns in Agarfa include Ali, Agarfa town, Ambentu.

Islam in Ethiopia
Islam is the second largest religion in Ethiopia behind Christianity. In 2024, 31.5% of the population was Muslim.

Islam in Ethiopia dates back to the time of Prophet Muhammad; in 615, when a group of Muslims were counseled by Muhammad to escape persecution in Mecca and migrate to the Kingdom of Aksum which was based in Ethiopia and which was ruled by Najashi, a pious Christian king. It is agreed by Islamic scholars that Najashi gave shelter to the Muslim refugees around 615–616 at Axum. Bilal ibn Ribah, the first Muezzin, the person chosen to call the faithful to prayer, and one of the foremost companions of Muhammad, was born in Mecca to an Abyssinian (Ethiopian) mother.
Rhyme Stew
Rhyme Stew is a 1989 collection of poems for children by Roald Dahl, illustrated by Quentin Blake. In a sense it is a more adult version of Revolting Rhymes (1982).

The poems either parody well known fairy tales (The Emperor's New Clothes, Ali Baba, Hansel and Gretel, Aladdin) nursery rhymes (As I was going to St Ives, Hey Diddle Diddle, Mary, Mary Quite Contrary) or are little stories thought up by Dahl himself.

Most of the stories contain slight sexual references. Due to slightly risqué material this book carries a warning that it is unsuitable for "small readers". In late 1990, the Library of Congress reclassified the collection as an adult book.

Nursery rhyme
A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for children in Britain and other European countries, but usage of the term dates only from the late 18th/early 19th century. The term Mother Goose rhymes is interchangeable with nursery rhymes.

From the mid-16th century nursery rhymes began to be recorded in English plays, and most popular rhymes date from the 17th and 18th centuries. The first English collections, Tommy Thumb's Song Book and a sequel, Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, were published by Mary Cooper in 1744. Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, Mother Goose's Melody, or Sonnets for the Cradle (London, 1780).
Parag Pathak
Parag A. Pathak (born June 8, 1980) is Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and is affiliated with the National Bureau of Economic Research where he co-founded and directs the working group on market design. He was elected a Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2025.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Romans 12
Romans 12 is the twelfth chapter of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle, while he was in Corinth in the mid-50s AD, with the help of an amanuensis (secretary), Tertius, who adds his own greeting in Romans 16:22.

According to Martin Luther,

In chapter 12, St. Paul teaches the true liturgy and makes all Christians priests, so that they may offer, not money or cattle, as priests do in the Law, but their own bodies, by putting their desires to death. Next he describes the outward conduct of Christians whose lives are governed by the Spirit; he tells how they teach, preach, rule, serve, give, suffer, love, live and act toward friend, foe and everyone. These are the works that a Christian does, for, as I have said, faith is not idle.

Amanuensis
An amanuensis (/əˌmænjuˈɛnsɪs/ ə-MAN-yoo-EN-sis) (pl. amanuenses /əˌmænjuˈɛnsiːz/ ə-MAN-yoo-EN-seez) or scribe is a person employed to write or type what another dictates or to copy what has been written by another. Eric Fenby acted as such in assisting the blind and paralysed composer Frederick Delius in writing down the notes he dictated.

In some academic contexts, an amanuensis can assist an injured or disabled person in taking written examinations. It may also be a person who signs a document on behalf of another under the latter's authority.