hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1861 California lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1861 California lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on September 4, 1861, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of California. Republican nominee John F. Chellis defeated Union Democratic nominee and incumbent President pro tempore of the California State Senate Richard Irwin and Southern Democratic nominee Jasper O'Farrell.

President pro tempore of the California State Senate
The president pro tempore of the California State Senate (President Pro Tem) is the chief executive and highest-ranking member the California State Senate and serves as chair of the Senate Rules Committee. The Pro Tem is chosen at the beginning of each two-year session, via election by all the other senators-elect.

The current President pro tempore is Monique Limón, a Democratic member from the 21st district, who was sworn in on November 17, 2025.
Y Garn (Rhinogydd)
Y Garn is a mountain in the southern Snowdonia, Wales, north of Dolgellau. It is an outlier of the Rhinogydd range, rising above the Coed-y-Brenin forest and the Rhaeadr Du waterfalls. An abandoned gold mine lies on its eastern slopes and Diffwys (750m) can be seen to the north from the summit.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
The High Life (song)
"The High Life" is a song recorded by American country rap singer Colt Ford and country music singer Chase Rice. It is the first single from Ford's fifth studio album, Thanks for Listening. The song was written by Ford, Rice, Jesse Rice, Zach Crowell and Chris Cline.

Chase Rice
Chase Rice (born September 19, 1985) is an American country music singer, songwriter and reality television personality. He first came to prominence in 2010 while he was a contestant on Survivor: Nicaragua, where he was the runner-up to Jud "Fabio" Birza. In the same year Rice began focusing on a career in country music; later he co-wrote the diamond-certified single "Cruise," performed by Florida Georgia Line.

Rice has released six studio albums, and his third album, Ignite the Night, debuted atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. He has also scored two number-one singles on the Country Airplay chart with "Eyes on You" and "Drinkin' Beer. Talkin' God. Amen." (featuring Florida Georgia Line). Prior to 2010, Rice was a former college football linebacker for the North Carolina Tar Heels and a former NASCAR pit crew member for Hendrick Motorsports.
Aethiopana
Aethiopana is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, endemic to the Afrotropical realm. The single species, Aethiopana honorius, the acraea blue, is found in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Uganda. The habitat consists of forests.

Larvae were found on Crematogaster-infested tree bark. The larvae are brown, very hairy and moth like.

Crematogaster
Crematogaster is an ecologically diverse genus of ants found worldwide, which are characterised by a distinctive heart-shaped gaster (abdomen), which gives them one of their common names, the Saint Valentine ant. Members of this genus are also known as cocktail ants because of their habit of raising their abdomens when alarmed. Most species are arboreal (tree-dwelling). These ants are also known as acrobat ants.

Cocktail ants acquire food largely through predation on other insects, such as wasps. They use venom to stun their prey and a complex trail-laying process to lead comrades to food sources. Like most ants, Crematogaster species reproduce by partaking in nuptial flights, where the queen acquires the sperm used to fertilize every egg throughout her life.
Oomancy
Oomancy (sometimes called ovomancy, ooscopy, oomancia, oomantia, ooscopia, or ovamancy) refers to divination by eggs. There are several methods to how this can be done, but an example would be the oracular reading (i.e., scrying) of the shapes that a separated egg white forms when dropped into hot water. This method greatly resembles molten lead divination, which ascribe meaning to the shapes and forms into which hot lead solidifies.

Egg white
Egg white is the clear liquid (also called the albumen or the glair/glaire) contained within an egg. In chickens, it is formed from the layers of secretions of the anterior section of the hen's oviduct during the passage of the egg. It forms around fertilized or unfertilized egg yolks. The primary natural purpose of egg white is to protect the yolk and provide additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo (when fertilized).
Egg white consists of about 90% water into which about 10% proteins (including albumins, mucoproteins, and globulins) are dissolved. Unlike the yolk, which is high in lipids (fats), egg white contains almost no fat, and carbohydrate content is less than 1%. Egg whites contain about 56% of the protein in the egg. Egg white has many uses in food (e.g. meringue, mousse) as well as many other uses (e.g. in the preparation of vaccines such as those for influenza).
Kafui
Kafui is a given name and a surname. Notable people include:

Israella Kafui Mansu (born 1985), Ghanaian entrepreneur

Kafui Adjamagbo-Johnson (born 1958), Togolese politician, lawyer and human rights activist

Kafui Bekui, Ghanaian civil servant

Kenneth Kafui (1951–2020), Ghanaian composer

Kafui Adjamagbo-Johnson
Brigitte Kafui Adjamagbo-Johnson (born 26 December 1958) is a Togolese politician, lawyer and human rights activist, and the first woman to stand as a candidate in a presidential election in her country.
Bacher Lay
The Bacher Lay is a nature reserve in Germany, which covers an area of 44.7 hectares in the county of Westerwaldkreis in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is a geotope of the Westerwald-Lahn-Taunus Geopark

Geotope
A geotope is the geological component of the abiotic matrix present in an ecotope. Example geotopes might be an exposed outcrop of rocks, an erratic boulder, a grotto or ravine, a cave, an old stone wall marking a property boundary, and so forth.

It is a loanword from German (Geotop) in the study of ecology and might be the model for many other similar words coined by analogy. As the prototype, it has enjoyed wider currency than many of the other words modelled on it, including physiotope, with which it is used synonymously. But the geotope is properly the rocks and not the whole lay of the land (which would be the physiotope).

For usage in the context of geoheritage, like e.g. in Friedrich Wiedenbein's contributions (see below) and in the German discussion on geoheritage, the more adequate term (and translation from the German) is geosite.
Matt Cohler
Matt Cohler (born March 27, 1977) is an American venture capitalist. He worked as Vice President of Product Management for Facebook until June 2008 and was formerly a general partner at Benchmark. Cohler has been named to the Forbes Midas List of top technology investors and in 2019 was named to the New York Times and CB Insights list of top 10 venture capital investors. Cohler made the Forbes 'America's 40 Richest Entrepreneurs Under 40' list in 2015.

Midas List
The Forbes Midas list is the annual ranking by Forbes magazine of the most influential and best-performing venture capital investors. Described by Kara Swisher as the "Oscars for venture capitalists in tech," the Midas List uses parameters that include the first-day market capitalization of IPOs and the opinions of a panel of experts.

The name alludes to the mythological King Midas, renowned for his ability to turn anything he touched into gold. Forbes partnered with venture capital fund TrueBridge Capital Partners to create the list from 2011 to 2016.
Danville Municipal Airport
Danville Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 32A) is a public use airport in Yell County, Arkansas, United States. The airport is owned by the City of Danville and located three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of its central business district. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Yell County, Arkansas
Yell County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 20,263. The county has two county seats, Dardanelle and Danville.  Yell County is Arkansas's 42nd county, formed on December 5, 1840, from portions of Scott and Pope Counties. It was named after Archibald Yell, who was the state's first member of the United States House of Representatives and the second governor of Arkansas. He died in combat at the Battle of Buena Vista during the Mexican–American War. Yell County is part of the Russellville micropolitan statistical area. Yell County is a dry county, as alcohol is prohibited.
Prince Constantin of Liechtenstein
Prince Constantin of Liechtenstein (Constantin Ferdinand Maria; 15 March 1972 – 5 December 2023), known professionally as Constantin Liechtenstein, was a businessman and a member of the Princely House of Liechtenstein. He was the third son of Prince Hans-Adam II and his wife, Countess Marie Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau. Constantin was the chief executive officer of the LGT Group from 2020 to 2023.

LGT Group
LGT Group is the largest royal family-owned private banking and asset management group in the world. LGT, originally known as The Liechtenstein Global Trust, is owned by the princely House of Liechtenstein through the Prince of Liechtenstein Foundation and led by its princely family members H.S.H. Prince Maximilian von und zu Liechtenstein (CEO) and H.S.H. Prince Philipp von und zu Liechtenstein (chairman).
1987–88 Cypriot Fourth Division
The 1987–88 Cypriot Fourth Division was the third season of the Cypriot fourth-level football league. The championship was split into three geographical groups, representing the Districts of Cyprus. The winners were:

Nicosia-Keryneia Group: Iraklis Gerolakkou

Larnaca-Famagusta Group: APEAN Ayia Napa

Limassol-Paphos Group: ATE PEK Parekklisias

The three winners gave playoff matches and the two first were promoted to the 1988–89 Cypriot Third Division. Seven teams were relegated to regional leagues.

Districts of Cyprus
Cyprus is divided into six districts (Greek: επαρχίες; Turkish: ilçe), whose capitals share the same name. The districts are subdivided into municipalities and communities. The districts of Cyprus are listed in the table below.

Note: Northern Cyprus-controlled lands are included in the area figures, but population was not enumerated there. The UN Buffer Zone is included in both population and area figures.  Akrotiri and Dhekelia are not included in the area figures, but non-military Cypriot citizens residing there were enumerated.
Angus Young
Angus McKinnon Young (born 31 March 1955) is an Australian musician, best known as the co-founder, lead guitarist, songwriter, and the only continuous member of the hard rock band AC/DC. He is known for his energetic performances, schoolboy-uniform stage outfits and his own version of Chuck Berry's duckwalk. Young was ranked 38th in the 2023 edition of Rolling Stone's 250 greatest guitarists of all time list. In 2003, Young and the other members of AC/DC were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond
"The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond" (or "Loch Lomond") is a traditional Scottish folk song (Roud No. 9598). Its origins are thought to date to the Jacobite rising of 1745.

Loch Lomond is the largest Scottish loch. In Scots, "bonnie" means "fair" or "beautiful".
Henry L. Marsh
Henry Leander Marsh III (December 10, 1933 – January 23, 2025) was an American civil rights lawyer and politician. A Democrat, Marsh was elected by the city council as the first African-American mayor of Richmond, Virginia in 1977. He was elected to the Senate of Virginia in 1991, and resigned from his seat in 2014. Marsh represented the 16th district, consisting of the city of Petersburg, Dinwiddie County, and parts of the city of Richmond, and Chesterfield and Prince George counties. Marsh was a commissioner on the Virginia Department of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Board, a position to which he received appointment from Governor Terry McAuliffe promptly after his departure from the Senate in 2014.

Dinwiddie County, Virginia
Dinwiddie County is a largely rural United States county located in the south-central part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Dinwiddie forms part of the Greater Richmond metropolitan statistical area, and as of the 2020 census, the county's population was 27,947. The county seat is the small town of Dinwiddie, which shares the county’s name.

The county was established in 1752 from part of Prince George County and was named in honor of Robert Dinwiddie, the de facto head of the Virginia colony at the time.  Agriculture has historically played an important role in the county's economy.  Dinwiddie's close proximity to the city of Petersburg and its railroad lines led to the county hosting six notable Civil War battles.
Paul van Imschoot
Paul van Imschoot (17 September 1889 – 25 May 1968; full name Paul Emile Armand Joseph van Imschoot) was a Catholic priest of the Diocese of Ghent and Professor of Exegesis at the seminary of Ghent from 1919–1948. His best-known work is Théologie de l’Ancien Testament (Tournai, 1954–1956), the last Catholic-authored Old Testament theology prior to the Second Vatican Council.

Old Testament theology
Old Testament theology is the branch of Biblical theology that seeks theological insight within the Old Testament or Hebrew Bible. It explores past and present theological concepts as they pertain to God and God's relationship with creation. While the field started out as a Christian endeavor written mostly by men and aimed to provide an objective knowledge of early revelation, in the twentieth century it became informed by other voices and views, including those of feminist and Jewish scholars, which provided new insights and showed ways that the early work was bound by the perspectives of their authors.
Mutual of America
Mutual of America Life Insurance Company is an American provider of retirement services and investments to employers, employees and individuals. Founded in 1945, the company provides products and services to help its customers build and preserve assets.

Mutual of America is a Fortune 1000 mutual company headquartered in Manhattan, New York City.

The company had $26.4 billion in total assets under administration and served more than 500,000 401(k) and 403(b) retirement plan participants from more than 5,000 clients nationwide, as of December 31, 2023.

Mutual of America is the majority owner of its corporate headquarters building at 320 Park Avenue, which it purchased in 1992. The company also has a corporate campus and training center in Boca Raton, FL, which it opened in 1988. It has nearly 60 Regional Offices and affiliate offices throughout the U.S., including in New York City, Boston, Atlanta, Chicago, Minneapolis, Denver, Dallas, Phoenix, Los Angeles and San Francisco.

Fortune 1000
The Fortune 1000 are the 1,000 largest American companies ranked by revenues, as compiled by the American business magazine Fortune. It only includes companies which are incorporated or authorized to do business in the United States, and for which revenues are publicly available (regardless of whether they are public companies listed on a stock market). The Fortune 500 is the subset of the list that is its 500 largest companies.

The list draws the attention of business readers seeking to learn the influential players in the American economy and prospective sales targets, as these companies tend to have large budgets and staff needs. Walmart was number one on the list for five of the seven years from 2007 to 2014, interrupted only by ExxonMobil in 2009 and 2012.

The following is a list of urban areas by the number of companies on the 2014 Fortune 1000 list that are located there:
Sharm El Sheikh Museum
The Sharm El Sheikh Museum (SSM) is a museum in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. Located in Airport road, the museum displays a collection of 7,000 artifacts, presenting the Egyptian civilization from prehistoric times to the Modern era. The SSM was officially inaugurated on 31 November 2020.

The museum is considered the first museum of Egyptian antiquities in the city of Sharm El-Sheikh, which is known with beach and leisure tourism. The SSM was established to be a center of cultural and civilizational radiation and a forum for human civilizations, and a tangible addition to the promising tourism in the city, in line with the Ministry’s plan to integrate recreational tourism and cultural tourism. The museum is home to artifacts, models, photographs, manuscripts, oil paintings, artistic artifacts, and antiquities.

Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities
The Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities (Arabic: وزارة السياحة والآثار, romanized: Wizārat al-Siyāḥah wa-al-Āthār) is the Egyptian government organization which serves to protect and preserve the heritage and ancient history of Egypt. In December 2019 it was merged into the Ministry of Tourism with Khaled al-Anani retaining his function. He was replaced by Ahmed Issa as Minister of Tourism and Antiquities in a cabinet reshuffle on 13 August 2022.
Geo (microformat)
Geo is a microformat used for marking up geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) in HTML (or XHTML). Coordinates are expected in angular units of degrees and geodetic datum WGS84. Although termed a "draft" specification, the format is a de facto standard, stable and in widespread use; not least as a sub-set of the published hCalendar and hCard microformat specifications, neither of which is still a draft.

Use of Geo allows parsing tools (for example other websites, or Firefox's Operator extension) to extract the locations, and display them using some other website or web mapping tool, or to load them into a GPS device, index or aggregate them, or convert them into an alternative format.

XHTML
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated.

While HTML, prior to HTML5, was defined as an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a flexible markup language framework, XHTML is an application of XML, a more restrictive subset of SGML. XHTML documents are well-formed and may therefore be parsed using standard XML parsers, unlike HTML, which requires a lenient, HTML-specific parser.

XHTML 1.0 became a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on 26 January 2000. XHTML 1.1 became a W3C recommendation on 31 May 2001. XHTML is now referred to as "the XML syntax for HTML" and being developed as an XML adaptation of the HTML living standard.
Klinga Church
Klinga Church (Norwegian: Klinga kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Klinga. It is the church for the Klinga parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1866 using plans drawn up by the architects Ernst Kulaas and Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 270 people.

Diocese of Nidaros
Nidaros is a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Norway. It covers Trøndelag county in Central Norway and its cathedral city is Trondheim, which houses the well-known Nidaros Cathedral.  Since 10 September 2017, the Bishop of Nidaros is Herborg Finnset.  The bishop preses, currently Olav Fykse Tveit is also based at the Nidaros Cathedral.  The diocese is divided into nine deaneries (prosti).  While the bishop preses holds episcopal responsibility within the Nidaros domprosti (deanery) in Trondheim, the bishop of Nidaros holds episcopal authority of the other eight deaneries as well as the language based parish of the Southern Sámi.
Rotating disk electrode
In analytical chemistry, a rotating disk electrode (RDE) is a working electrode used in three-electrode systems for hydrodynamic voltammetry.  The electrode rotates during experiments, inducing a flux of analyte to the electrode.  These working electrodes are used in electrochemical studies when investigating reaction mechanisms related to redox chemistry, among other chemical phenomena.  The more complex rotating ring-disk electrode can be used as a rotating disk electrode if the ring is left inactive during the experiment.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
Saba Hamedy
Saba Hamedy (Persian: صبا حامدی) is the Trending News Editor for NBC News Digital. She previously worked as a national news editor for CNN Digital and co-author of The Point newsletter and as a breaking news reporter for CNN Politics.

She also worked at HuffPost as a news assignment editor based out of Los Angeles, and at Mashable as an entertainment reporter. Her first job was at the Los Angeles Times, where she wrote about the Iranian community, national news, and the business of Hollywood and digital entertainment, including TV and the box office.  She is an avid TV and movie watcher.

She was editor-in-chief of “The Daily Free Press” while at Boston University. She had also been editorial intern for the Christian Science Monitor and The Arizona Republic.

The Daily Free Press
The Daily Free Press is the student newspaper of Boston University. It is a digital-first publication with daily online content and a monthly print edition on Thursday during the academic year. The Daily Free Press is staffed by about 200 volunteer editors, writers, reporters and photographers.  The editorial positions change on a semester-to-semester basis. The paper is governed by a board of former editors, who make up the Board of Directors of Back Bay Publishing Co., Inc., a Massachusetts non-profit.

Commonly called the FreeP, The Daily Free Press began publishing May 5, 1970 in response to violent student protests on campus in the wake of the Kent State shootings. In the early 21st century, it is the longest-running, continuous publication at BU.