hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolay Turgenev
Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev (Russian: Николай Иванович Тургенев), (23 October, 1789, Simbirsk–10 November 1871, Bougival near Paris) was an early Russian economist and political theoretician who gained renown for his Essay on the Theory of Taxation (1818) and Russia and the Russians (1847). A relative of the novelist Ivan Turgenev, Nikolay co-founded several reformist societies, notably the Northern Society of the Decembrists. Being abroad during the fateful Rebellion of 1825, he chose never to return to his homeland, where he was tried in absentia and sentenced to Siberian katorga for life.

Ulyanovsk
Ulyanovsk, known as Simbirsk until 1924, is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow. Ulyanovsk has been the only Russian UNESCO City of Literature since 2015.

The city was the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom it was renamed after his death in 1924; and of Alexander Kerensky, the leader of the Russian Provisional Government which Lenin overthrew during the October Revolution of 1917. It is also famous for its writers such as Ivan Goncharov, Nikolay Yazykov and Nikolay Karamzin, and for painters such as Arkady Plastov and Nikas Safronov.
Serge Krizman
Serge Krizman (July 8, 1914 – October 24, 2008) was an American actor, art director and production designer. He was nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards in the category Outstanding Art Direction for his work on the television program Schlitz Playhouse of Stars. Krizman died in October 2008 in Santa Fe, New Mexico, at the age of 94.

Schlitz Playhouse of Stars
Schlitz Playhouse of Stars is an American  anthology television series that was telecast from 1951 until 1959 on CBS. Offering both comedies and drama, the series was sponsored by the Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company. The title was shortened to Schlitz Playhouse beginning with the fall 1957 season.
Wanaku Kimray
Wanaku Kimray (Quechua wanaku guanaco, kimray slope, "guanaco slope", also spelled Huanaco Quimray) is a 4,084-metre-high (13,399 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, Azurduy Province, Tarvita Municipality. Wanaku Kimray lies southwest of Wallqayuq Urqu and north of Muyu Urqu.

Azurduy Province
Azurduy Province (full official name: Província de Juana Azurduy de Padilla) is a province in the Chuquisaca Department in Bolivia. Its seat is the town of Azurduy. It was named in honor of revolutionary guerrilla Juana Azurduy de Padilla.  In the 2024 census it had a population of 24,331.
Mauch Chunk Creek
Mauch Chunk Creek (Lenape for "at the bear mountain" ) is a 9.2-mile-long (14.8 km) tributary of the Lehigh River in Carbon County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

It is dammed to form Mauch Chunk Lake near the borough of Summit Hill. The upper reaches of the stream above are also known as White Bear Creek.

Mauch Chunk Creek winds between the valley of Mauch Chunk Mountain and Pisgah Mountain for a few miles and then entering a series of tunnels that winds under the town of Jim Thorpe before discharging into the Lehigh River.

Summit Hill, Pennsylvania
Summit Hill is a borough in Carbon County, Pennsylvania, United States.  It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, Summit Hill had a population of 3,120.

Summit Hill was the western terminus of the United States' second operational railway, the Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway. It was the site of some of the earliest coal mines developed in North America, where the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company began mining in 1792, establishing the town initially as little more than a mining camp with stables and paddocks.
They Marched into Sunlight
They Marched into Sunlight: War and Peace, Vietnam and America, October 1967 is a 2004 book written by David Maraniss. The book centers around the Battle of Ong Thanh and a protest at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

It was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for History in 2004 and won the J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize that same year.

J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize
The J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize is an annual $10,000 award given to a book that exemplifies, "literary grace, a commitment to serious research and social concern." The prize is given by the Nieman Foundation and by the Columbia University School of Journalism.

Established in 1998, the Lukas Prize Project consists of three awards:

The J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize ($10,000)

The Mark Lynton History Prize ($10,000)

The J. Anthony Lukas Work-in-Progress Award ($25,000 plus $5,000 for an annual finalist)

The project is named for Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist and author, J. Anthony Lukas; it has been underwritten since its inception by the family of Mark Lynton, a German Jew who had careers with the British military, Citroen and Hunter Douglas.
Yttermalung
Yttermalung is a village situated in Malung-Sälen Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden with 216 inhabitants in 2005.

The village has a church, Yttermalungs kapell. There has been a chapel or church in Yttermalung since the 16th century, and the current church building was built in the late 19th century.

In 1974, the largest collection of plate money in Sweden was found in Yttermalung. The collection consists of 240 plate coins, all in all weighing more than 234 kg. According to local tradition, the plate coins had been hidden in the mid-18th century by a powerful woman in the village who had become rich by selling timber to the copper mine in Falun, and who had died without telling anybody where she had hidden her riches.

The Swedish politician Marit Paulsen, who was a Member of the European Parliament, lived in Yttermalung.

Falun Mine
Falun Mine (Swedish: Falu Gruva) was a mine in Falun, Sweden, that operated for a millennium from the 10th century to 1992. It produced as much as two-thirds of Europe's copper needs and helped fund many of Sweden's wars in the 17th century. Technological developments at the mine had a profound influence on mining globally for two centuries. The mine is now a museum and in 2001 was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Waipara Greensand
The Waipara Greensand is a geological rock unit found in Canterbury, New Zealand. It dates from just after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, the Selandian and Thanetian, around 62–58 million years ago in the Palaeocene. It is well known for its fossils, particularly for containing the oldest penguins (Sphenisciformes) and also containing shark and fish fossils.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
Caupolicán Ovalles (writer)
Rafael Honorio Caupolican Ovalles Colmenares (April 24, 1936 Guarenas, Venezuela – February 23, 2001 Caracas, Venezuela) was a controversial Venezuelan writer. He belonged to the avant-garde period of the sixties and was influenced by French Surrealism and American Beatnik.

He actively participated in literary and artistic groups of the time such as The Roof of the Whale  and La República del Este, among the most known. His most famous poetry works are ¿Duerme usted, señor presidente? (1962)   and Elegía a la muerte de Guatimocín, mi padre, alias El Globo (1967). In 1973 he received the National Prize for Literature (Venezuela) for his collection of poems Copa de Huesos (1972).

Guarenas
Guarenas is a city in Miranda, Venezuela. It was established in 1621 as Nuestra Señora de Copacabana de los Guarenas. It is part of the Guarenas-Guatire conurbation.

On February 27, 1989, a morning protest in this city over the recent nationwide hike in bus fares spread to Caracas, the capital of Venezuela, which resulted in several days of rioting known today as the Caracazo.

Today, Guarenas has virtually merged with its neighbor, Guatire. As of 2006, its population has been estimated at 185,010.

The Curupao Power Plant, which was inaugurated in 1933, still provides electricity to Guarenas and Guatire. The state also owned movie production facilities, as the Villa del Cine is situated in the city.
Yu Yu Hakusho Trading Card Game
The Yu Yu Hakusho Trading Card Game was first published in 2003 by Score Entertainment, and is based on the anime and manga series YuYu Hakusho (the series is spelled Yu Yu Hakusho in FUNimation's anime version and spelled YuYu Hakusho in the Viz English manga). It is a two-player tournament-styled collectible card game; each player uses a deck of forty-four or more cards that is headed by a team of four character cards. The game was discontinued in 2005.

Viz Media
Viz Media, LLC is an American entertainment company, focused on publishing manga, and distributing and licensing Japanese anime, films, and television series.

The company was founded in 1986 as Viz, LLC. In 2005, Viz and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current Viz Media, which is owned by Japanese publishing conglomerates Shueisha and Shogakukan, as well as Japanese production company Shogakukan-Shueisha Productions (ShoPro). In 2017, Viz Media was the largest publisher of graphic novels in the United States in the bookstore market, with a 23% share of the market.
Sceloporus cozumelae
Sceloporus cozumelae, the Cozumel spiny lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Phrynosomatidae. It is endemic to Mexico.

The species is native to coastal areas of the Yucatán Peninsula, where it has been found in Yucatán, Quintana Roo, and northernmost Campeche, and on the islands of Cozumel, Isla Contoy, and Isla Mujeres, from sea level up to 50 meters elevation.

Cozumel
Cozumel (Spanish pronunciation: [kosuˈmel]; Yucatec Maya: Kùutsmil) is an island and municipality in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern coast of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, opposite Playa del Carmen. It is separated from the mainland by the Cozumel Channel and is close to the Yucatán Channel. The municipality is part of the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.

In 2023, Cozumel was designated a Pueblo Mágico by the Mexican government, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.
Pasikudah
Pasikudah or Pasikuda (Tamil: பாசிக்குடா; Sinhala: පාසිකුඩා; (Pronounced Paasikkudah - historic Tamil translation "Green-Algae-Bay") is a coastal resort town located 35 kilometers northwest of Batticaloa, Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. Historically a small Tamil hamlet alongside nearby Kalkudah, it used to be a popular tourist destination, however suffered huge devastation following  the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the Sri Lankan Civil War. Foreign travel to Pasikudah has recently increased due to growth in investment and development. It is home to the Pasikudah Mariamman temple. Pasikudah is easily accessible from the cities of Trincomalee and Batticaloa. The nearest airport to Pasikudah is Batticaloa Airport, which has scheduled flights operating from Colombo Bandaranaike International Airport.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Thomas Ridell
Sir Thomas Ridell (died 1652) was an English Royalist in the English Civil War.

Ridell was the son of Sir Thomas Ridel of Gateshead and his wife Elizabeth Conyers daughter of Sir John Conyers. He became recorder of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and was of Fenham.

In the Civil War, Ridell espoused the royal cause with great zeal.  He commanded a regiment of foot for the king and was governor of Tynemouth Castle. A reward of one thousand pounds was offered for his capture. He escaped from Berwick  in a small fishing smack. His lordship of Tunstal was sold to satisfy composition.

Ridell died in exile at Antwerp in 1652.

Ridell married in 1629 Barbara Calverley  widow of Ralph Calverley and daughter of Sir Alexander Davison of Blakiston.

Gateshead
Gateshead (/ˈɡeɪts(h)ɛd/) is a town in the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough of Tyne and Wear, England. It is on the River Tyne's southern bank. At the 2021 census, the population was 196,151.

Historically part of County Durham, under the Local Government Act 1888 the town was made a county borough, meaning it was administered independently of the county council.

The town's attractions include the twenty-metre-tall Angel of the North sculpture on the town's southern outskirts, The Glasshouse International Centre for Music and the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art. The town shares the Millennium Bridge, Tyne Bridge and multiple other bridges with Newcastle upon Tyne.
Julio Rotemberg
Julio Jacobo Rotemberg was an Argentine-American economist at Harvard Business School. He was known for his collaboration with Michael Woodford on the first New Keynesian DSGE model, especially on monopolistic competition. He was also known for an alternative model of sticky prices.

Rotemberg held a B.A. in economics (1975) from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in economics (1981) from Princeton University.

Argentine Americans
Argentine Americans (Spanish: argentino-estadounidenses) are Americans who have full or partial Argentinian ancestry. Argentine immigration increased after the 1976 Argentine coup d'état and the 2001 Argentine Great Depression, and many took up residence in states such as California, Florida, and New York.
Jyamire, Okhaldhunga
Jyamire, Okhaldhunga is a market in Siddhicharan Municipality in Okhaldhunga District in the Sagarmatha Zone of mid-eastern Nepal. This village center was merged to the Municipality in May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2344 residing in 422 individual households.

Sagarmatha Zone
Sagarmāthā Zone (Nepali: सगरमाथा अञ्चल, [sʌgʌrmatʰa ʌnt͡sʌl] ⓘ "Sagarmāthā Anchal") was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones into provinces. The headquarters of Sagarmatha is Rajbiraj. Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word which as per some sources, is derived from सगर ("sagar", sky) and माथा ("māthā", head).

It includes mountain districts of the Himalayas (including the world's highest peak Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Kosi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west.
Visit of Muhammad Oljaitu to Baku
The Ilkhanid ruler Muhammad Oljaitu (1304–1316) visited the city of Baku, which was part of his empire, in 1309. His decree, which was inscribed on the wall of the Juma Mosque in the Icherisheher, exempted the people of Baku from various taxes. Nasir Bakuvi wrote a poem in the Azerbaijani language in the form of a mukhammas, dated to 1306–1310, about Oljaitu's visit to Baku and the improvements he carried out there. Muhammad ibn Mahmud, in his work Nafais al-Funun, described the sultan's encounter with a dervish involved in the oil business.

Öljaitü
Öljaitü, also known as Mohammad-e Khodabandeh (24 March 1282 – 16 December 1316), was the eighth Ilkhanid dynasty ruler from 1304 to 1316 in Tabriz, Iran. His name 'Öjaitü' means 'blessed' in the Mongolian language and his last name 'Khodabandeh' means 'God's servant' in the Persian language.

He was the son of the Ilkhan ruler Arghun, brother and successor of Mahmud Ghazan (5th successor of Genghis Khan), and great-grandson of the Ilkhanate founder Hulegu Khan.
Skogerøya
Skogerøya (Norwegian) or Sállan (Northern Sami) is an uninhabited island in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The 129-square-kilometre (50 sq mi) partially forested island lies south of Varangerfjorden, west of Bøkfjorden, north of Korsfjorden, and east of Kjøfjorden. The highest point on the island is the 445-metre (1,460 ft) tall Skogerøytoppen. The island lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northwest of the town of Kirkenes. It is used as a summer and autumn grazing area for reindeer.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.
Morehouse (surname)
Morehouse is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert P. Morehouse (1835–1891), 26th Governor of Missouri

Daniel Walter Morehouse (1876–1941) Astronomer and president of Drake University

David Morehouse (born 1960), President and chief executive officer of Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League

Henry Lyman Morehouse (1834–1917), American Baptist minister and hymn author

Jim Morehouse (1864–1914), Australian rules footballer

Lyda Morehouse (born 1967), American science fiction and fantasy author

Oscar E. Morehouse (1857–1935), Canadian politician and doctor

Tim Morehouse (born 1978), American fencer

Ward Morehouse (1895–1966), American theater critic, newspaper columnist, playwright and author

Ward Morehouse (activist) (1929–2012), anti-corporate activist

Drake University
Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It offers over 140 undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, education, law, and pharmacy. Drake University Law School was founded in 1865, which makes it one of the 25 oldest law schools in the United States.
Quriqucha (Junín)
Quriqucha (Quechua quri gold, qucha lake, "gold lake",  Hispanicized spelling Curicocha) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Marcapomacocha District. It lies west of Anta Q'asa and Sillaqaqa and north of Qunchupata.

Department of Junín
Junín (Spanish pronunciation: [xuˈnin]; Quechua: Sunin) is a department of Peru. It is located in the central highlands and westernmost Peruvian Amazon. It is governed by a regional government. Its capital is Huancayo.
Myriopteris viscida
Myriopteris viscida, formerly known as Cheilanthes viscida, is a species of lip fern known by the common names viscid lip fern and viscid lace fern.

It is native to southern California, at elevations of 100–1,600 metres (330–5,250 ft). It is an uncommon member of the flora in rocky areas of the higher Mojave Desert mountains, and in the ecotone of the Peninsular Ranges and the Colorado Desert. Its distribution extends into northern Baja California.

Peninsular Ranges
The Peninsular Ranges (also called the Lower California province) are a group of mountain ranges that stretch 930 mi (1,500 km) from Southern California to the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula; they are part of the North American Pacific Coast Ranges, which run along the Pacific coast from Alaska to Mexico. Elevations range from 500 to 10,834 ft (150 to 3,300 m).
St. John Bosco High School
St. John Bosco High School (SJBHS) is a Salesian all-boys college preparatory high school located in Bellflower, California, and is operated by the San Francisco Province of the order.

The school is named after the order's founder, John Bosco, an Italian saint known for his dedication to educating and advocating for youth and for his "Home-School-Church-Playground" model of education. The school was founded as an elementary and intermediate boarding school in 1940. The first high school class graduated in 1956, and in 1979 the boarding school closed. The school has since then resumed its boarding program.

The Locust
The Locust was an American hardcore punk band from San Diego, California, known for their mix of grindcore aggression and new wave experimentation.

The band has been noted for their use of insect costumes when performing live.
Digna and Emerita
Saints Digna and Emerita (died 259 AD) are venerated as saints by the Catholic Church.  They were Roman maidens seized and put to the torture as Christians in the persecution of Valerian (A.D. 254-A.D. 259) at Rome.

In the catacombs of the Commodilla there was the grave of an Emerita. Around 757 it was discovered under Pope Paul I, who had the relics transferred to the church of San Marcello al Corso, in Rome. On the basis of a misunderstood inscription, the bones were considered for the two martyrs and around the middle of the 9th martyrs. a legend formed of two martyrs similar to the story of Saint Afra.

It is recorded that on April 5, 838, a monk named Felix appeared at Fulda with the remains of Saints Cornelius, Callistus, Agapitus, Georgius, Vincentius, Maximus, Cecilia, Eugenia, Digna, Emerita, and Columbana.

Their feast day is celebrated on September 22.

Cornelius the Centurion
Cornelius (Greek: Κορνήλιος, romanized: Kornḗlios; Latin: Cornēlius [kɔrˈneː.li.ʊs]; fl. 1st century AD) was a Roman centurion who is considered by some Christians to be the first Gentile to convert to the faith, as related in Acts of the Apostles (see Ethiopian eunuch for the competing tradition). The baptism of Cornelius is an important event in the history of the early Christian church. He may have belonged to the gens Cornelia, a prominent Roman family.
Uzynkol
Uzynkol (Kazakh: Ұзынкөл) is a lake in Astrakhan District, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies by the village of the same name, 24 km (15 mi) to the west of Astrakhanka, the district capital. Tavolzhanka village is located 15 km (9.3 mi) to the northeast.

Astrakhanka, Kazakhstan
Astrakhanka (Kazakh: Астраханка, Astrahanka) is a village in northern-central Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of Astrakhan District in Akmola Region. Population: 6,313 (2009 census results);6,566 (1999 census results).
William H. Stokes
William "Chip" Hallock Stokes (born February 18, 1957, in Manhasset, New York) is a retired American clergyman who served as the 12th Bishop of New Jersey, the 1079th individual consecrated to the episcopacy in succession in the Episcopal Church. He was succeeded as bishop by Sally French in 2023.

Manhasset, New York
Manhasset is an affluent hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered the anchor community of the Greater Manhasset area, and is partially located on the southwestern part of the Cow Neck Peninsula. The population was 8,176 at the time of the 2020 census.

As with other unincorporated communities in New York, the CDP's local affairs are administered by the town in which it is located, the Town of North Hempstead.

Additionally, the hamlet serves as the town seat of North Hempstead, and North Hempstead Town Hall – the town's governmental headquarters – is located within Manhasset's downtown, along Plandome Road.