hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Watercolor illusion
The watercolor illusion, also referred to as the water-color effect, is an optical illusion in which a white area takes on a pale tint of a thin, bright, intensely colored polygon surrounding it if the coloured polygon is itself surrounded by a thin, darker border. The inner and outer borders of watercolor illusion objects are often of complementary colours. The watercolor illusion is best when the inner and outer contours have chromaticities in opposite directions in color space. The most common complementary pair is orange and purple.  The watercolor illusion is dependent on the combination of luminance and color contrast of the contour lines in order to have the color spreading effect occur.

Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.
Saru Taqi
Mirza Mohammad Taqi (Persian: میرزا محمد تقی; c. 1579 – 11 October 1645), better known as Saru Taqi (سارو تقی, lit: 'Taqi the blond') was a eunuch[a] in Safavid Iran, who served as the Grand Vizier of the Safavid king (shah) Safi (r. 1629–1642) and the latter's son Abbas II (r. 1642–1666) until his assassination on 11 October 1645.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Coregonus baicalensis
Coregonus baicalensis is a species of freshwater whitefish in the family Salmonidae. It is endemic to the Russian Federation's Lake Baikal where it is found on the bottom demersal. The maximum length recorded for this species is 60 centimetres (24 in). The average length is a few centimetres above 50 centimetres (20 in). It is also known as the Baikal whitefish. It is frequently considered to be a subspecies of Coregonus lavaretus.

Demersal fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone). They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word demersal comes from the Latin demergere, which means to sink.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column.
Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 per cent.
Sabrina van der Sloot
Catharina Hendrica "Sabrina" van der Sloot (born 16 March 1991) is a Dutch water polo player for GZC Donk and the Dutch national team.

She participated at the 2009 World Aquatics Championships. After winning the 2018 Women's European Water Polo Championship Sabrina was elected most valuable player of the tournament. She participated at the 2020 Women's European Water Polo Championship.

2020 Women's European Water Polo Championship
The 2020 Women's European Water Polo Championship was the 18th edition of the major European water polo tournament for national teams. It was held at the Danube Arena in Budapest, Hungary, from 12 to 25 January 2020.

Spain defeated Russia 13–12 in the final to win their second title.
Martin E. Conlan
Martin E. Conlan (c. 1849 – September 20, 1923) was a Democratic state legislator in South Dakota. He lived in Alexandria, South Dakota, Hanson County, South Dakota for most of his life, but he was born in Raymond, Wisconsin, of Irish ancestry. He was educated in the public schools, and made his way to Dakota Territory in 1880 where he went into the flour and feed business. Martin was also a real estate dealer and the owner of a gravel pit and several farms. He served as postmaster, a member of the Alexandria city council and board of education. In 1888, Conlan was elected to serve in the first South Dakota State Senate for the term from 1889 to 1890 and was elected to serve again from 1893 to 1894. He and his wife Johanna had seven children, only the following names were known:  Mary, Fred, Nellie, Eileen and Bessie. Conlan died in Sioux Falls, South Dakota on  September 20, 1923.

Dakota Territory
The Territory of Dakota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until November 2, 1889, when the final extent of the reduced territory was split and admitted to the Union as the states of North and South Dakota.
Nostalgie de la boue
Nostalgie de la boue (English: "nostalgia for mud") is a French phrase meaning the attraction to low-life culture, experience, and degradation, found at times both in individuals and in cultural movements.

The phrase was coined in 1855 by Émile Augier. The art historian Rosalind E. Krauss would observe that, peculiarly, the phrase is not seen in the Francophone world but instead only in the Anglophone world.

Rosalind E. Krauss
Rosalind Krauss (née Epstein; born November 30, 1941) is an American art critic, art theorist and a professor at Columbia University in New York City. Krauss is known for her scholarship in 20th-century painting, sculpture and photography. As a critic and theorist she has published steadily since 1965 in Artforum, Art International and Art in America. She was associate editor of Artforum from 1971 to 1974 and has been editor of October, a journal of contemporary arts criticism and theory that she co-founded in 1976.

In 2025, she was awarded the Balzan Prize for her outstanding scholarly achievements and her foundational role in the establishment of contemporary art as a field of research.
Daniel v. Waters
Daniel v. Waters, 515 F.2d 485 (6th Cir. 1975) was a 1975 legal case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit struck down Tennessee's law regarding the teaching of "equal time" of evolution and creationism in public school science classes because it violated the Establishment Clause of the US Constitution.

The plaintiffs were school teachers supported by the National Association of Biology Teachers.

National Association of Biology Teachers
The National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT) is an incorporated association of biology educators in the United States. It was initially founded in response to the poor understanding of biology and the decline in the teaching of the subject in the 1930s. It has grown to become a national representative organisation which promotes the teaching of biology, supports the learning of biology based on scientific principles and advocates for biology within American society. The National Conference and the journal, The American Biology Teacher, are two mechanisms used to achieve those goals.
The NABT has also been an advocate for the teaching of evolution in the debate about creation and evolution in public education in the United States, playing a role in a number of court cases and hearings throughout the country.
Toni Brunner
Anton "Toni" Brunner (born 23 August 1974) is a Swiss farmer and politician who presided over the Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC) from 2008 to 2016. He was a member of the National Council from 1995 to 2018.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Chbanate
Chbanate is a small town and rural commune in Sidi Kacem Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 10,618 people living in 1709 households.

Sidi Kacem Province
Sidi Kacem (Arabic: سيدي قاسم) is a province in the Moroccan economic region of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. The capital is Sidi Kacem. The population of the province in 2004 was  489,422 and it recorded a population of 522,270 in the 2014 Moroccan census.

The major cities and towns are:

Ain Dorij

Dar Gueddari

Had Kourt

Jorf El Melha

Khenichet

Mechra Bel Ksiri

Sidi Kacem

Zirara
Pearceite
Pearceite is one of the four so-called "ruby silvers", pearceite Cu(Ag,Cu)6Ag9As2S11, pyrargyrite Ag3SbS3, proustite Ag3AsS3 and miargyrite AgSbS2.  It was discovered in 1896 and named after Dr Richard Pearce (1837–1927), a Cornish–American chemist and metallurgist from Denver, Colorado.

Monoclinic crystal system
In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems.  A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the monoclinic system, the crystal is described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in the orthorhombic system. They form a parallelogram prism. Hence two pairs of vectors are perpendicular (meet at right angles), while the third pair makes an angle other than 90°.
Meliz Redif
Meliz Redif (born March 26, 1989) is a Turkish former athlete who specliased in 400m.  Meliz Redif was a member of Fenerbahce Sport Club athletics team.

She won a gold medal in the 4 × 400 m relay event at the First League of 2011 European Team Championships held in İzmir, Turkey and a silver medal in the same event at the 2011 Summer Universiade held in Shenzhen, China.

2011 European Team Championships
The third European Team Championships took place on 18 and 19 June 2011. The Competition was divided between four divisions, with results determining promotion and relegation between them. The Super League event was held in Stockholm, at the Stockholm Olympic Stadium. The Super League was won by the German team ahead of Russia, initial winner before several doping disqualifications, and Ukraine.
The Shark Fishers
The Shark Fishers is a 1955 Australian radio play by Colin Thiele.

It aired on the ABC in 1955 under the direction of Leslie Rees and starring Denys Burrows.

It was very popular and was repeated it 1955, then recorded again in 1958 and 1962. It is probably Thiele's best known radio play.

Unlike Thiele's previous well known radio plays Burke and Wills and The Edge of Ice it was written in prose not verse.

Leslie Rees (writer)
George Leslie Clarke Rees AM (28 December 1905 – 17 August 2000) also known as Leslie Clarence Rees, was an Australian writer of children's literature, travel books and drama, as well as publishing numerous article and essays. His most critically acclaimed work was the "Making of Australian Drama" in two volumes, covering the history of the genre from the 1830s until 1985.

He was best known as the drama editor at the Australian Broadcasting Commission from 1936 and 1966.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, sometimes misspelled AILT, formerly known as "angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia": 747 ) is a mature T-cell lymphoma of blood or lymph vessel immunoblasts characterized by a polymorphous lymph node infiltrate showing a marked increase in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and high endothelial venules (HEVs) and systemic involvement.

Plasma cell
Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or effector B cells, are white blood cells that originate in the lymphoid organs as B cells and secrete large quantities of proteins called antibodies in response to being presented with specific substances called antigens. These antibodies are transported from the plasma cells by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system to the site of the target antigen (foreign substance), where they initiate its neutralization or destruction. B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibody molecules closely modeled after the receptors of the precursor B cell.
Garworlohn Township
The Garworlohn Township is a township of the Greater Monrovia District, Montserrado County, Liberia. It is located on Bushrod Island, and stretches from Vai Town in the south to Bong Mines Bridge in the north. Politically, Garworlohn Township is divided between the Montserrado-13, Montserrado-14 and Montserrado-15 electoral districts.

During the presidency of Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Willametta Gooding Carlos served as commissioner of Garworlohn Township. Beatrice Dolee Williams was named commissioner by President George Weah in 2018.

Greater Monrovia District
Greater Monrovia is one of four districts located in Montserrado County, Liberia. It contains the country's capital Monrovia. It recorded a population of 970,824 in the 2008 census.

Greater Monrovia has no official administrative status. Unlike other districts of Liberia which are divided into clans, Greater Monrovia is divided into zones. The Monrovia City Corporation (MCC) is responsible for the administration of the city of Monrovia. Greater Monrovia also contains several semi-autonomous townships (Congo Town, New  Georgia, Gardnersville, Dixville, Barnesville, Caldwell, Johnsonville and Garworlon) and the only borough in Liberia, New Kru Town. The MCC provides services to the townships and borough through a revenue-sharing arrangement, but has no zoning or enforcement jurisdiction in them.
Pujiang, Shanghai
Pujiang (Chinese: 浦江; pinyin: Pǔjiāng; Shanghainese: Phugaon) is a town in Minhang District, Shanghai, China. It contains Pujiang New Town, which is a new town with an Italian architectural theme,  sometimes referred to as Città di Pujiang. It also contains Zhaojialou (Chinese: 召稼楼; pinyin: Zhàojiàlóu; Shanghainese: Tsogalheu), an old water town which is undergoing restoration, Caohejing Pujiang Hi-Tech Park and Shanghai National Civil Aerospace Industrial Base.

Pujiang has an area of 102 square kilometres and had a registered population of 101,900 in 2008. It is on the east bank of the Huangpu River, about 17 kilometres (11 mi) from central Shanghai. It is served by Shanghai Metro Line 8, whose southern extension to Aerospace Museum Station in Pujiang was opened in 2009.

Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property
Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property describes the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of any immovable cultural property are prolonged through carefully planned interventions. The individual engaged in this pursuit is known as an architectural conservator-restorer. Decisions of when and how to engage in an intervention are critical to the ultimate conservation-restoration of cultural heritage. Ultimately, the decision is value based: a combination of artistic, contextual, and informational values is normally considered. In some cases, a decision to not intervene may be the most appropriate choice.
Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's road time trial C1
The Men's time trial C1 road cycling event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place on 4 September 2024, at Clichy-sous-Bois, Paris. Ten riders competed in the event.

The C1 classification is for the following cyclists:

C1: severe hemiplegic or diplegic spasticity; severe athetosis or ataxia; bilateral through knee amputation, etc.

Para-cycling classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types.  The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).
Liljana Kondakçi
Liljana Kondakçi (born 12 October 1950) is an Albanian singer and actress. Her career in the music scene and her delicate, melodious voice have made her one of the most recognized names in the Song Festival of Albania.

Music community
A music community is a group of people involved in a given type of music. Typically such a community has an informal, supportive structure.
In the past such groups have typically developed within a town or school, where the members can meet physically. The internet has made it possible for a more dispersed music community to use the web for communication, either via specialized websites or through broader social media. Ethnographic studies indicate that online music communities do not center around one website, but use a network of sites, including personal blogs, artist or publisher sites and social media.
Nebria fulgida
Nebria fulgida is a species of ground beetle in the Nebriinae subfamily that can be found in Russian autonomous republics such as Khamar-Daban, Buryat Republic, and East Sayan. Females have either reddish or greenish coloured elytron and are 11 millimetres (0.43 in) in length.

Sayan Mountains
The Sayan Mountains (Mongolian: Соёны нуруу, Soyonii nuruu; Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰏𐰢𐰤, romanized: Kögmen) are a mountain range in southern Siberia spanning southeastern Russia (Buryatia, Irkutsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tuva and Khakassia) and northern Mongolia. Before the rapid expansion of the Tsardom of Russia, the mountain range served as the border between Mongolian and Russian cultures and cultural influences.

The Sayan Mountains' towering peaks and cool lakes southwest of Tuva give rise to the tributaries that merge to become one of Siberia's major rivers, the Yenisei River, which flows north over 3,400 kilometres (2000 mi) to the Arctic Ocean. This is a protected and isolated area, having been kept closed by the Soviet Union since 1944.
De triumphis ecclesiae
De triumphis ecclesiae is a Latin epic in elegiac metre, written c. 1250 by Johannes de Garlandia, an English grammarian who taught at the universities of Toulouse and Paris. A desultory work, it mentions episodes of the Crusades (including the Albigensian Crusade) alongside events in Johannes' own life, illustrating the details of his affair with a young man from his University, with sketches of some acquaintances including John of London, his teacher at Oxford; bishop Foulques of Toulouse; Alan of Lille, a contemporary at Paris; and Roland of Cremona, a contemporary at Toulouse.

Alain de Lille
Alain de Lille (Alan of Lille; Latin: Alanus ab Insulis; c. 1128 – 1202/1203) was a French theologian and poet. He was born in Lille some time before 1128. His exact date of death remains unclear as well, with most research pointing toward it being between 14 April 1202 and 5 April 1203. He is known for writing a number of works based upon the teachings of the liberal arts, with one of his most renowned poems, De planctu Naturae ("The Complaint of Nature"), focusing on sexual conduct among humans. Although Alain was widely known during his lifetime, little is known about his personal life.

As a theologian, Alain de Lille opposed scholasticism in the second half of the 12th century. His philosophy is characterized by rationalism and mysticism. Alain claimed that reason, guided by prudence, could discover most truths about the physical order without help; but in order to understand religious truth and to know God, the wise must be believers.
2025 Louvre heist
On 19 October 2025, thieves disguised as construction workers stole eight pieces of the French Crown Jewels valued at approximately €88 million from the Galerie d'Apollon (lit. 'Apollo's Gallery') of the Louvre in Paris, France. The robbery took less than eight minutes, of which the thieves spent four in the museum itself, and occurred during regular opening hours. It was the first art theft from the Louvre since the painting Le chemin de Sèvres was stolen in 1998.

Within a week, two men in their 30s from Seine‑Saint‑Denis were arrested in connection with the robbery. Nine further suspects were detained throughout the course of the investigation, six of whom were released. Charges have been filed against five suspects and the location of the jewels is still unknown.

Laurent Nuñez
Laurent Marie Joseph Nuñez-Belda (French pronunciation: [lɔʁɑ̃ nuɲɛs bɛlda]; born 19 February 1964) is a French senior civil servant and politician who has served as Minister of the Interior in the second government of Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu since 12 October 2025.

He previously served as director-general of the General Directorate for Internal Security (DGSI) from 2017 to 2018, Secretary of State to the Minister of the Interior in the second government of Édouard Philippe from 2018 to 2020, head of the National Centre for Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism (CNRLT) from 2020 to 2022 and Prefect of Police of Paris from 2022 to 2025.
Pelo
Pelo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brad Pelo (born 1963), American businessman

Dimitri Pelo (born 1985), French rugby league player

Vincent Pelo (born 1988), French rugby union player

Vincent Pelo
Vincent Pelo (born 22 April 1988) is a French rugby union player. He is the cousin of Dimitri Pelo and Aliki Fakate. He currently plays for French club Bayonne as a Loosehead Prop. Pelo is a native of Wallis. He was part of the French national under-20 rugby union team at the 2008 IRB Junior World Championship.

He made his French international debut coming off the bench against Wales in the 2016 Six Nations Championship.
Act of Contrition
An Act of Contrition is a Christian prayer genre that expresses sorrow for sins. It may be used in a liturgical service or be used privately, especially in connection with an examination of conscience. Special formulae for acts of contrition are in use in the Anglican, Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist and Reformed Churches.

The Catholic Church does not restrict the term act of contrition to any one formula. Its Handbook on Indulgences mentions examples of approved formulas for an act of contrition the Confiteor, the Psalm De Profundis, the Psalm Miserere, the Gradual Psalms and the Penitential Psalms.

Psalm 51
Psalm 51, one of the penitential psalms, is the 51st psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Have mercy upon me, O God". In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Hebrew Bible, this psalm is Psalm 50. In Latin, it is known as Miserere, (Ancient Greek: ἐλέησόν με ὁ θεός, romanized: eléēsón me ho Theós) in Ancient Greek: Ἥ Ἐλεήμων, romanized: Hḗ Eleḗmōn), especially in musical settings. The introduction in the text says that it was composed by David as a confession to God after he sinned with Bathsheba.

The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Protestant liturgies.