hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thiol oxidoreductase
Thiol oxidoreductases are proteins that redox control by utilizing catalytic cysteine (Cys) residues for oxidation or reduction of their substrates. Examples of such proteins include thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, glutathione reductase, glutaredoxin, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxiredoxin.

They are involved in various processes, such as sulfur metabolism, DNA synthesis and repair, signaling, protein degradation, oxidative folding, protein modification, regulation of gene expression.

Some form functional complexes/modules, where one thiol oxidoreductase acts on another. For example, thioredoxin reductase provides reducing equivalents to thioredoxin, which in turn reduces peroxiredoxin.

Glutathione reductase
Glutathione reductase (GR) also known as glutathione-disulfide reductase (GSR) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSR gene. Glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7) catalyzes the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form glutathione (GSH), which is a critical molecule in resisting oxidative stress and maintaining the reducing environment of the cell.  Glutathione reductase functions as dimeric disulfide oxidoreductase and uses flavin adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to reduce one molar equivalent of GSSG to two molar equivalents of GSH:

The glutathione reductase is conserved between all kingdoms. In bacteria, yeasts, and animals, one glutathione reductase gene is found; however, in plant genomes, two GR genes are encoded. Drosophila and trypanosomes do not have any GR at all. In these organisms, glutathione reduction is performed by either the thioredoxin or the trypanothione system, respectively.
BN postcode area
The BN postcode area, also known as the Brighton postcode area, is a group of 30 postcode districts in South East England, within 18 post towns. These cover southwestern East Sussex (including Brighton, Hove, Eastbourne, Lewes, Hailsham, Newhaven, Peacehaven, Pevensey, Polegate and Seaford) and southeastern West Sussex (including Worthing, Littlehampton, Arundel, Hassocks, Henfield, Lancing, Shoreham-by-Sea and Steyning). The main sorting office is at the Gatwick Mail Centre in Crawley.

Pevensey
Pevensey (/ˈpɛvənzi/ PEV-ən-zee) is a village and civil parish in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. The main village is located five miles (8 km) north-east of Eastbourne, one mile (1.6 km) inland from Pevensey Bay. The settlement of Pevensey Bay forms part of the parish. It was here that William the Conqueror made the landing in his invasion of England in 1066 after crossing the English Channel from Normandy.
Boudy
Boudy is a municipality and village in Písek District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Boudy lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Písek, 62 km (39 mi) north-west of České Budějovice, and 77 km (48 mi) south of Prague.

Písek
Písek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpiːsɛk] ⓘ; German: Pisek) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 31,000 inhabitants. The town is located on the Otava River and is known for the oldest bridge in the country. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Písek is a centre of education with a number of important schools. Up to the last decades of 19th century, Písek was the centre of the large autonomous Prácheňsko region.
Dzieżgów
Dzieżgów [ˈd͡ʑɛʐɡuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Myślibórz, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Myślibórz and 56 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Myślibórz County
Myślibórz County (Polish: powiat myśliborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (a voivodeship, or province that is found in northwestern Poland along the German border). It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Myślibórz, which lies 57 kilometres (35 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Barlinek, lying 24 km (15 mi) east of Myślibórz, and Dębno, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Myślibórz.

The county covers an area of 1,181.95 square kilometres (456.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,412, out of which the population of Barlinek is 14,156, that of Dębno is 13,903, that of Myślibórz is 11,867, and the rural population is 27,486.
Lovrenco Franičević
Lovrenco Franičević (born January 8, 1978, in Split) is a former butterfly swimmer from Croatia, who competed for his native country at the Sydney Olympics in 2000. There he was eliminated in the heats of the Men's 200 m Butterfly, with a time of 02:04.35.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Leon De Lathouwer
Leon De Lathouwer (19 September 1929 – 7 August 2008) was a Belgian road cyclist. He won a gold medal in the team road race at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, together with Lode Wouters and Eugène Van Roosbroeck, and placed fourth in individual road race. The same year he won the Tour of Belgium as amateur. In the early 1950s, he turned professional and won several local races before retiring in 1959. He was the Flemish champion in 1948, 1949, 1953 and 1955.

Cycling at the 1948 Summer Olympics
The cycling competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London consisted of two road cycling events and four track cycling events, all for men only. The track cycling events were held at the Herne Hill Velodrome in south London. The road race events were held in Windsor Great Park, south of Windsor.
Cyclam
Cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) is an organic compound with the formula (NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2)2. Classified as an aza-crown ether, it is a white solid that is soluble in water. As a macrocyclic ligand, it binds strongly to many transition metal cations. The compound was first prepared by the reaction of 1,3-dibromopropane and ethylenediamine.

The compound features four secondary amines.  Its complexes therefore can exist as several diastereomers, depending on the relative orientation of the N–H centres. Its complexes feature alternating five- and six-membered chelate rings.  The closely related ligand cyclen ((CH2CH2NH)4) forms only five-membered C2N2M chelate rings and tends not to form square-planar complexes.

1,3-Dibromopropane
1,3-Dibromopropane is an organobromine compound with the formula (CH2)3Br2. It is a colorless liquid with sweet odor. It is used in organic synthesis to form C3-bridged compounds such as through C-N coupling reactions.

1,3-Dibromopropane was used in the first cyclopropane synthesis in 1881, known as the Freund reaction.
2021 Lisboa Belém Open – Men's doubles
Roberto Cid Subervi and Gonçalo Oliveira were the defending champions but only Oliveira chose to defend his title, partnering Andrej Martin. Oliveira withdrew before the start of the tournament due to an injury.

Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and Purav Raja won the title after defeating Nuno Borges and Francisco Cabral 7–6(7–5), 6–3 in the final.

Gonzalo Oliveira
Gonzalo Oliveira (born 17 February 1995 as Gonçalo Oliveira) is a former Portuguese-born Venezuelan tennis player who competed on the ATP Challenger Tour.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 194 achieved on 25 December 2017. He also has a career high doubles ranking of No. 77 achieved on 24 August 2020.
Honestly (Hot Chelle Rae song)
"Honestly" is a song by American rock band Hot Chelle Rae. It was released as the third single from their second album Whatever on March 22, 2012. The song premiered exclusively via Alternative Press on March 7, 2012. The song was written by Ryan Follese, Nash Overstreet, Ian Keaggy, C. Kelly, Sam Hollander, Dave Katz and produced by S*A*M and Sluggo, Chad Royce, and Scott Mann.

Alternative Press (magazine)
Alternative Press is an American entertainment magazine primarily focused on music and culture. It generally provides readers with band interviews, photos, and relevant news. It was founded in 1985 by Mike Shea in Cleveland, Ohio. The company is now managed by MDDN, and based in Los Angeles, California. Anna Zanes is the current Editor-in-Chief and Kelsey Barnes is the current Junior Editor. As of late 2025, Alternative Press was no longer offering a printed magazine.
Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the Qing dynasty
While the Qing dynasty of China tried to maintain the traditional tributary system of China, by the 19th century Qing China had become part of a European-style community of sovereign states and had established official diplomatic relations with over twenty countries around the world before its downfall in 1912. It also established legations and consulates known as the "Chinese Legation", "Imperial Consulate of China", "Imperial Chinese Consulate (General)" or similar names in seventeen countries since the 1870s.

Consulate
A consulate is the office of a consul. A type of mission, it is usually subordinate to the state's main representation in the capital of that foreign country (host state), usually an embassy (or, only between two Commonwealth countries, a high commission). The term "consulate" may refer not only to the office of a consul, but also to the building occupied by the consul and the consul's staff. The consulate primarily serves its visiting nationals to the region in which it is based, and prospective visitors, commercial entities, or regional governments, who wish access or connections to the consulate's home country. There is usually also consular services in the capital too, and in those cases, the consulate may share premises with the embassy itself.
Govind Pant Bundela
Govind Ballal Kher (1710 – 17 December 1760), historically known as Govind Pant Bundela, was a Military General of the Peshwas in Northern India during 1733 to 1760. Peshwa Bajirao appointed him his trustee for the 1/3rd of the kingdom rewarded to him by Maharaja Chhatrasal in Bundelkhand. He ruled the city of Kalpi and later it was given as a jagir to his descendant Nana Govinda Rao. After this Govind Rao ruled over Jalaun State.

Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade
Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade (24 July 1863 – 31 December 1926) was an Indian historian, known for his work on the history of the Maratha Empire. He pioneered research into the Empire by visiting hundreds of villages across India and gathering thousands of historical documents, especially family records. He also founded the Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal, a research institute, at Pune in 1910.

His students include historians like Datto Vaman Potdar, Vasudeo Sitaram Bendrey and G. H. Khare.

The historian, Ram Sharan Sharma says: "With his unadulterated passion for research, V.K. Rajwade went from village to village in Maharashtra in search of Sanskrit manuscripts and sources of Maratha history; which were published in twenty-two volumes."

The Indian History Congress created the Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade Award for lifelong service and contribution to Indian history.
St Mary's Church, Leyton
The Parish Church of St Mary with St Edward and St Luke, Leyton, also known as Leyton Parish Church and formerly, St Mary the Virgin, Leyton, is a Church of England parish church in Leyton, East London. Although records of the church go back to about 1200, it has been repeatedly rebuilt; the oldest surviving fabric dates to 1658, but a majority of it is from the early 19th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

The church is in the Evangelical tradition of the Church of England, with clergy appointed by the Simeon Trust.

East London
East London is the part of London, England, east of the ancient City of London and north of the River Thames as it begins to widen. East London developed as London's docklands and the primary industrial centre. The expansion of railways in the 19th century encouraged the eastward expansion of the East End of London and a proliferation of new suburbs. The industrial lands of East London are today an area of regeneration, which are well advanced in places such as Canary Wharf and ongoing elsewhere.
Ya Liu
Guangya Liu (born 1980-1981; Chinese: 刘广亚) is an American politician currently serving as a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, representing the 21st district (including portions of western Wake County) since 2023. A Democrat, Liu previously served on the Cary Town Council from 2019 to 2023.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
2023 Virginia's 7th Senate district special election
On January 10, 2023, voters in the 7th district of the Virginia Senate voted in a special election to fill the seat left vacant by Republican Jen Kiggans, the previous incumbent, who had resigned on January 3, 2023, after having been elected to Congress the preceding November. New state legislative maps took effect on January 11, 2023, at the start of 2023 legislative. However, this special election took place under previous district lines. As a result of the redistricting process, the 7th district became the 22nd district in November,. Final official vote tallies were not released until January 13 because mail-in ballots were accepted after election day if postmarked for January 10. Democrat Aaron Rouse, an at-large Virginia Beach City Council member and former professional football player defeated Republican Kevin Adams, a retired U.S. Navy lieutenant commander and small business owner.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the 11 U.S. representatives from the state of Virginia, one from each of the state's 11 congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives. Pursuant to state law, primaries organized through the Department of Elections were held on June 21, 2022 (the third Tuesday of June). However, some Republican firehouse primaries were held on dates as late as May 21, 2022.
Clomestrone
Clomestrone (brand names Arterolo, Atheran, Colesterel, Iposclerone, Liprotene, Persclerol, others; former developmental code name SC-8246), also known as 16α-chloroestrone 3-methyl ether, is a synthetic, steroidal, weak estrogen derived from estrone and used as an anticholesterolemic agent in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

It is said to have beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles while producing minimal feminization, though some estrogenic side effects, including breast tenderness, loss of libido, and fatigue or avolition, were observed in most patients in clinical studies. The drug is a close analogue of mytatrienediol, and the two estrogens have similar drug profiles. Clomestrone was described in the literature in 1958 and introduced for medical use shortly thereafter.

Lipid profile
A lipid profile or lipid panel is a panel of blood tests used to find abnormalities in blood lipid (such as cholesterol and triglycerides) concentrations. The results of this test can identify certain genetic diseases and can determine approximate risks for cardiovascular disease, certain forms of pancreatitis, and other diseases.

Lipid panels are usually ordered as part of a physical exam, along with other panels such as the complete blood count (CBC) and basic metabolic panel (BMP).
René Berra
René Berra (born February 13, 1942) is a retired Swiss professional ice hockey player who played in the National League A for HC Villars, HC La Chaux-de-Fonds and EHC Biel. He also represented the Swiss national team at the 1972 Winter Olympics.

HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
HC La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss professional ice hockey team who currently play in the Swiss League (SL). Founded in 1919, La Chaux-de-Fonds play at the Patinoire des Mélèzes in front of a capacity 5,225.
Lee Williams (rugby league)
Lee Williams (born 19 December 1988) is a Welsh international rugby league footballer who plays for the Mackay Cutters in the Queensland Cup. He previously played for the Crusaders in the Super League, and for the South Wales Scorpions in the Championship One. He plays as a centre or on the wing.

South Wales Scorpions
The South Wales Scorpions, known as the South Wales Ironmen in 2017, were a semi-professional rugby league club based in South Wales. They played in the third tier of the British rugby league system (currently known as League 1) between 2010 and 2017. The team initially played at The Gnoll in Neath, before spells at Caerphilly, Mountain Ash, Maesteg, and Merthyr Tydfil.

Under new ownership, the club relocated to Llanelli effective immediately in July 2017. The following season, they began competing as West Wales Raiders.
Octobass
The octobass is an extremely large and rare bowed string instrument first built around 1850 in Paris by the French luthier Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume (1798–1875). It has three strings and is essentially a larger version of the double bass – the specimen in the collection of the Musée de la Musique in Paris measures 3.48 metres (11 ft 5 in) in length, whereas a full-size double bass is generally approximately 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length.

Bow (music)
In music, a bow (/boʊ/) is a tensioned stick which has hair (usually horse-tail hair) coated in rosin (to facilitate friction) affixed to it. It is moved across some part (generally some type of strings) of a musical instrument to cause vibration, which the instrument emits as sound. The vast majority of bows are used with string instruments, such as the violin, viola, cello, and bass, although some bows are used with musical saws and other bowed idiophones.
Kevin Sheedy (Australian footballer)
Kevin John Sheedy AO (born 24 December 1947) is a former Australian rules football coach and player in the Australian Football League. He played and coached in a combined total of 929 games over 47 years from 1967 until 2013, which is a VFL/AFL record. Sheedy was inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2008 and on 29 May 2018 was elevated to Legend status.

On the field, Sheedy played for Richmond in the Victorian Football League during the 1960s and 1970s, captaining the side in 1978 and winning three premierships. He then coached Essendon in the VFL/AFL for nearly three decades from 1981 until 2007, winning four premierships and earning acclaim for his unusual and creative approaches to promoting the club and the game. Sheedy conceived the first Anzac Day game in 1995 involving Collingwood and the club he coached at the time, Essendon. In 2009, Sheedy joined the newly formed Greater Western Sydney as its inaugural AFL coach, and he coached there from 2012 until 2013.

2012 AFL season
The 2012 AFL season was the 116th season of the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest-level senior Australian rules football competition in Australia.

The season featured eighteen clubs, with addition of the newly established Greater Western Sydney Giants, which was based in Western Sydney and split its home games between Sydney and Canberra.

The season ran from 24 March until 29 September, and comprised a 22-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top eight clubs.

The premiership was won by the Sydney Swans for the fifth time, after it defeated Hawthorn by ten points in the 2012 AFL Grand Final.
Romain Pelletier
Romain Pelletier (sometimes spelled Peltier) (22 August 1875 – 24 November 1953) was a Canadian organist, choir conductor, composer, and music educator. His compositional output consists entirely of works for solo organ and motets. He was a founding member of the Société des artistes musiciens de Montréal and was a much admired teacher of counterpoint, fugue, and the organ.

Organist
An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music.
This Is Home (Peter Gabriel song)
"This Is Home" is a song by English musician Peter Gabriel and was the tenth single from his tenth studio album I/O. Tchad Blake was tasked with creating the song's "Dark-Side Mix", which was released on 29 September 2023. Two different mixes, the bright-side and in-side mixes, were released that same year in October.

Orphei Drängar
Sångsällskapet Orphei Drängar (OD) is a Swedish male voice choir and singing society based in Uppsala, Sweden. While best known for its high quality performances of the classical repertoire, OD sings music of all genres in many different languages and since the start in 1853 has been widely acknowledged for its ambition to continuously push the envelope of what a male-voice choir can and should do.

Since 2008, the choir has been conducted by Cecilia Rydinger, in close cooperation with deputy conductor Folke Alin.
A Modern Casanova
A Modern Casanova (German: Der moderne Casanova) is a 1928 German silent romantic comedy film directed by Max Obal and Rudolf Walther-Fein and starring Harry Liedtke, María Corda and Ernö Verebes. It was shot at the Staaken Studios in Berlin. The film's art direction was by Botho Hoefer and Hans Minzloff.

Rudolf Walther-Fein
Rudolf Walther-Fein (20 November 1875 – 1 May 1933) was an Austrian film director and producer of the silent and early sound era. He directed the first full sound film to be released in Germany It's You I Have Loved in 1929.
Iain Moffat-Pender
John MacAlister "Iain" Moffat-Pender (18 August 1894 — 13 October 1961) was a Scottish writer, poet, Gaelic revivalist and international rugby union player. He wrote Gaelic-language poems on Jacobite themes.

Goidelic languages
The Goidelic (/ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ goy-DEL-ik) or Gaelic languages (/ˈɡeɪlɪk/ GALE-ik; Irish: teangacha Gaelacha; Scottish Gaelic: cànanan Goidhealach; Manx: çhengaghyn Gaelgagh) form one of the two groups of Insular Celtic languages, the other being the Brittonic languages.

Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish (Gaeilge), Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig), and Manx (Gaelg). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree.