hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beethoven and his contemporaries
During the course of his lifetime, Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) established relationships with many of his musical contemporaries. Beethoven was notoriously temperamental, eccentric and difficult to get along with; the history of his many relationships is replete with arguments, misunderstandings, and reconciliations. Beethoven had well-known quarrels with his one-time teachers, Joseph Haydn and Antonio Salieri, with the piano virtuoso and composer Johann Nepomuk Hummel, and the German composer Carl Maria von Weber. Conversely, he regarded Franz Schubert positively, praising the latter's compositions.

Luigi Cherubini
Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini (/ˌkɛrʊˈbiːni/ KERR-uu-BEE-nee; Italian: [luˈiːdʒi keruˈbiːni]; 8 or 14 September 1760 – 15 March 1842) was an Italian Classical and Romantic composer. His most significant compositions are operas and sacred music. Beethoven regarded Cherubini as the greatest living composer of his era. Cherubini's operas were heavily praised and interpreted by Rossini.
Spanish frigate Villa de Madrid
Villa de Madrid (English: City of Madrid), also known by the devotional name Nuestra Señora de Atocha (English: Our Lady of Atocha), was a screw frigate of the Spanish Navy commissioned in 1863. She took part in several actions during the Chincha Islands War in 1866. She served on the rebel side during the Glorious Revolution of 1868, and her crew supported the cantonalist government of the Canton of Cartagena during the Cantonal rebellion of 1873–1874. She was decommissioned and scrapped in 1884.

Rigging
Rigging comprises the system of ropes, cables and chains, which support and control a sailing ship or sail boat's masts and sails.  Standing rigging is the fixed rigging that supports masts including shrouds and stays.  Running rigging is rigging which adjusts the position of the vessel's sails and spars including halyards, braces, sheets and vangs.
KAXT-CD
KAXT-CD (channel 1) is a low-power, Class A television station licensed to both San Francisco and San Jose, California, United States, broadcasting the digital multicast network Catchy Comedy to the San Francisco Bay Area. It is owned and operated by Weigel Broadcasting alongside Palo Alto–licensed Heroes & Icons outlet KTLN-TV (channel 68). The two stations share studios on Pelican Way in San Rafael, and transmitter facilities on Mount Allison.

Due to its low-power status, KAXT-CD's broadcasting radius does not reach all of the San Francisco Bay Area. Because of that, its market affiliation is shared with KICU-TV (channel 36) which broadcasts Catchy Comedy on its fourth digital subchannel.

San Rafael, California
San Rafael (/ˌsæn rəˈfɛl/ SAN rə-FEL; Spanish for "St. Raphael", Spanish pronunciation: [san rafaˈel]) is a city in and the county seat of Marin County, California, United States. The city is located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census, San Rafael had a population of 61,271.

San Rafael was founded by the Spanish in 1817, when Vicente Francisco de Sarría established Mission San Rafael Arcángel, initially as an asistencia (sub-mission). San Rafael Arcángel was upgraded to full mission status in 1822, a month before Alta California declared independence from Spain as part of Mexico. Following the American Conquest of California, the community of San Rafael incorporated as a city in 1874.
Karla Costa
Karla Cristina Martins da Costa (born September 25, 1978) is a Brazilian women's basketball player. She competed internationally for Brazil at the 2004, 2008 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Olympics. She is from Brasília.

Basketball at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 2012 Summer Olympics was the eighteenth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It was held from 28 July to 12 August 2012. The preliminary matches and the women's quarterfinal matches were played in the new Basketball Arena in Olympic Park, which seated up to 12,000 spectators. The men's knockout games and the women's games, from semifinals onward were played in the North Greenwich Arena.

The US men's and US women's teams both successfully defended their Olympic basketball championships of 2008.
1994 Derby City Council election
The 1994 Derby City Council election took place on 5 May 1994 to elect members of Derby City Council in England. Local elections were held in the United Kingdom in 1994. This was on the same day as other local elections. The Labour Party gained control of the council, which had previously been under no overall control.

Derby City Council
Derby City Council is the local authority for the city of Derby, in the ceremonial county of Derbyshire in the East Midlands region of England. Derby has had a council from medieval times, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1997 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. Since 2024 the council has been a member of the East Midlands Combined County Authority.

The council has been under no overall control since 2018. Following the 2023 election a minority Labour administration formed to run the council. The council is based at the Council House.
Letovirinae
Letovirinae is a subfamily of viruses within the family Coronaviridae, where it is the only subfamily besides the more diverse Orthocoronavirinae (coronaviruses). Letovirinae contains one genus, Alphaletovirus, which contains one subgenus, Milecovirus, which contains one species, Microhyla letovirus 1 (MLeV, Alphaletovirus microhylae). This species was discovered in 2018 and is hosted by the ornate chorus frog (Microhyla fissipes).

Other unaccepted species in the Letovirinae have been discovered in Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus), and in Murray River carp (Cyprinus).

Cyprinus carpio carpio
Cyprinus carpio carpio is a subspecies of the common carp that is commonly found in Europe. They are native to much of Europe (notably the Danube and Volga Rivers) and can also be found in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Mitochondrial DNA analysis shows a difference between C. carpio carpio and Cyprinus rubrofuscus. They are omnivorous in nature and feed on mollusks, insects, crustaceans and seeds. Though dark in color, there are some wild caught specimens which are colored orange (maybe domesticated ones that are only released into the rivers). This subspecies has also been domesticated in European ponds for hundreds of years. They are considered as a naturalized species in most US states.
The Clyfford Still Museum
The Clyfford Still Museum is an art museum in Denver, Colorado. The museum's collection includes 3,125 works by abstract expressionist Clyfford Still (1904–1980), which represents 93 percent of the artist's lifetime output and complete archives.

The 28,500-square-foot building opened in 2011 and includes nine galleries, an art studio, visible painting storage areas and conservation lab, two outdoor terraces, archive displays, and outdoor forecourt green space. Its current director is Joyce Tsai.

Brad Cloepfil
Brad Cloepfil (born 1956) is an American architect, educator and principal of Allied Works Architecture of Portland, Oregon and New York City. His first major project was an adaptive reuse of a Portland warehouse for the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy. Since 2000, Cloepfil and Allied Works have completed cultural, commercial and residential projects including the Contemporary Art Museum St. Louis, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the Dutchess County Residence Guest House and the Museum of Arts and Design. Recent works include the National Music Centre of Canada in Calgary, Alberta, which opened in July 2016;  the Providence Park expansion in Portland, Oregon, completed in 2019; and the Palmer Museum of Art in State College, Pennsylvania, completed in 2024.
Foreign relations of Portugal
Foreign relations of Portugal are linked with its historical role as a major player in the Age of Discovery and the holder of the now defunct Portuguese Empire. Portugal is a European Union member country and a founding member of NATO. It is a committed proponent of European integration and transatlantic relations. Paulo Rangel is the current Minister of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.

Paulo Rangel
Paulo Artur dos Santos Castro de Campos Rangel (born 18 February 1968) is a Portuguese jurist and politician of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) who has been Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2024, in the XXIV Constitutional Government, led by Luís Montenegro.

Previously, Rangel served as a Member of the European Parliament between 2009 and 2024. He also serves as treasurer of the European People's Party under the leadership of its president Manfred Weber.
Toby Johnson (American football)
Roderick L. "Toby" Johnson Jr. (born September 1, 1991) is an American former professional football defensive tackle. He played college football for the Georgia Bulldogs after two years at Hutchinson Community College and was signed by the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent after the 2015 NFL draft.

Hutchinson Blue Dragons
The Hutchinson Blue Dragons are the sports teams of Hutchinson Community College located in Hutchinson, Kansas, United States. They participate in the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) and in the Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference.
Jim Ned High School
Jim Ned High School is a public high school located in Tuscola, Texas, United States and is classified as a 3A school by the UIL.  It is part of the Jim Ned Consolidated Independent School District, which also includes Lawn Elementary, Buffalo Gap Elementary and Jim Ned Middle School. The high school serves around 400 students from roughly 380 square miles in southeastern Taylor County, including the towns of Tuscola, Buffalo Gap, and Lawn. A small portion of northeastern Runnels County lies within the district, also.  The district and the school are both named after the Jim Ned Creek, which runs through all three towns. The creek is named after Jim Ned, who was an Indian cavalry scout for the United States Army.  In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Extracurricular activities are offered in the form of performing arts, clubs, and a singular student made newsletter.

Taylor County, Texas
Taylor County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 143,208. Its county seat is Abilene. The county was created in 1858 and later organized in 1878. It is named for Edward Taylor, George Taylor, and James Taylor, three brothers who died at the Battle of the Alamo.

Taylor County is included in the Abilene, TX metropolitan statistical area, and is considered part of West Texas.
Bart van Nunen
Bart van Nunen (born 24 September 1995 in Utrecht) is a Dutch track and field athlete who specializes in the marathon.

On 6 December 2020 he set his current personal best in the marathon of 2:10:16 during the 2020 Valencia marathon in Valencia, Spain, which qualified him for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Valencia Marathon
The Valencia Marathon (Catalan: Marató de València; also known as Marathon Valencia Trinidad Alfonso EDP for sponsorship reasons) is an annual marathon road running event hosted by Valencia, Spain, since 1981. It is categorized as a Platinum Label Road Race by World Athletics. The race is organised by the Valencian sports club SD Correcaminos, which also organises the annual Valencia Half Marathon.
Gladiolus alatus
Gladiolus alatus  is a species of geophyte from South Africa. Common names include painted ladies, king kalkoentjie and kipkippie. Kalkoentjie means "little turkey" in Afrikaans and refers to the shape of the flower, which resembles a turkey's wattle. It is popular as a garden plant and an important part of the cut flower industry in parts of the world on account of its large and showy orange flowers.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
Yorgos Vrasivanopoulos
Yorgos Vrassivanopoulos (Greek: Γιώργος Βρασιβανόπουλος; 1924 – February 10, 1998) was a Greek actor.

He was born in Athens on New Year's Day, 1924 and made his first appearance in the theatrical play Egmont by Goethe in 1951, in the theatrical company of Dimitris Rontiris. He also worked as a translator in dialogs from foreign movies. He was also a member of the boards of the Greek Actors' Guild, the Actors' Mutual Assistance Fund and a vice-president of the Retired Actors Union. He died after a prolonged sickness on February 10, 1998, and was buried at the First Cemetery of Athens.

Egmont (play)
Egmont is a drama by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, which he completed in 1788. Its dramaturgical structure, like that of his earlier Sturm und Drang play Götz von Berlichingen (1773), is heavily influenced by Shakespearean tragedy. In contrast to the earlier work, the portrait in Egmont of the downfall of a man who trusts in the goodness of those around him appears to mark a shift away from Sturm und Drang themes. The play was set to music by  Beethoven in 1810.
PQS
PQS can refer to:

Personnel Qualification Standard, a set of tasks and examinations in the United States Navy

Passive Q-switching

Parallel Quantum Solutions, a computational chemistry computer program

The Protein Quaternary Structure Server, an important resource in structural biology

Potential Quadruplex-forming Sequence, in molecular biology a DNA or RNA sequence capable of forming a G-quadruplex

Q-switching
Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high (gigawatt) peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode. Compared to mode locking, another technique for pulse generation with lasers, Q-switching leads to much lower pulse repetition rates, much higher pulse energies, and much longer pulse durations. The two techniques are sometimes applied together.

Q-switching was first proposed in 1958 by Gordon Gould, and independently discovered and demonstrated in 1961 or 1962 by R.W. Hellwarth and F.J. McClung at Hughes Research Laboratories using electrically switched Kerr cell shutters in a ruby laser. Optical nonlinearities such as Q-switching were fully explained by Nicolaas Bloembergen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1981 for this work.
Chaplain of the United States Marine Corps
The chaplain of the United States Marine Corps (CHMC) is a position always filled by the officers serving as Deputy Chief of Chaplains of the United States Navy as a "dual hatted" billet since 2000. The CHMC oversees religious ministry in the Marine Corps which one commandant of the Marine Corps defined as "a vital function which enhances the personal, family, and community readiness of our Marines, sailors, and their families. Chaplaincy supports the foundational principle of free exercise of religion and helps to enrich the spiritual, moral and ethical fabric of the military."

Billet
In European militaries, a billet is a living-quarters to which a soldier is assigned to sleep. In American usage, it refers to a specific personnel position, assignment, or duty station to which a soldier can be assigned. Historically, a billet was a private dwelling that was required to accept a soldier.

Soldiers are generally billeted in barracks or garrisons when not on combat duty, although in some armies soldiers with families are permitted to maintain a home off-post. Used for a building, the term billet is more commonly used in British English; United States standard terms are quarters, barracks, Single (Soldier) Housing or Family Housing.
Durgashankar Kevalram Shastri
Durgashankar Kevalram Shastri (Durgāsaṁkara Kevaḷarāma Śāstrī) (January 24, 1882 – 29 November 1952) was a Gujarati historian and Ayurveda practitioner. Shastri was born in a Praśnorā Nāgara Brahmin family; his father was the teacher in the Sanskrit Pāṭhaśāḷā in Gondal, India. From his father he studied Sanskrit, and also studied Gujarati and English literature. In Bombay he was employed by Jhaṁḍu Pharmaceuticals, and his coworkers shared his interest in literature. He authored works on the political and religious history of Gujarat which were published by Gujarati literary institutions. Śukla considers Shastri to be the first Gujarati historian to use systematic historiography to evaluate the quality of sources and view events objectively. Shastri also served as the editor of Ayurveda Vijnana, a monthly journal on Ayurveda.

Gondal, India
Gondal is a city of about 115,000 residents and a municipality of about 175,000 in the Rajkot district of the Indian state of Gujarat. Gondal village was one of the eight first-class princely states of Kathiawar Agency, Bombay Presidency in British India.
Jakhongir Zokirov
Jakhongir Zokirov (uzb: Jahongir Zokirov; born May 17, 2003, in Jizzakh, Uzbekistan) is an Uzbekistani boxer, who competes in the super heavyweight category. He won the gold medal at the 2021 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships and in the 2022 U22 Asian Championship in Tashkent, Uzbekistan in the same weight category.

2021 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships
The 2021 AIBA Youth World Boxing Championships (21st) were held in Kielce, Poland, from 13 to 23 April 2021. The competition was held under the supervision of AIBA, the world's governing body for amateur boxing, and was open to boxers born in 2002 and 2003. It was the third time in the tournament's history that men and women have fought in the same championship. India topped the medal table with eight gold and three bronze medals.
Triple candlestick (Catholic Church)
A triple candlestick, also known as reed, tricereo, arundo, triangulum, or lumen Christi, was a liturgical object prescribed until 1955 in the Roman Rite Easter Vigil service, held on Holy Saturday morning.

In the Easter Vigil service, the deacon or priest lights each of its three candles in succession, chanting each time in ascending tones, "Lumen Christi" ("The light of Christ"), to which the choir answers "Deo gratias" ("Thanks be to God"). From one of the candles on the triple candlestick, the Paschal candle is afterwards lit during the chanting of the Exsultet.

In 1955 the triple candlestick was abolished in the liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII. Since then, the Paschal candle is lit directly from the Paschal fire at the beginning of the Easter Vigil mass.

Exsultet
The Exsultet (spelled in pre-1920 editions of the Roman Missal as Exultet), also known as the Easter Proclamation (Latin: Praeconium Paschale), is a lengthy sung proclamation delivered before the paschal candle, ideally by a deacon, during the Easter Vigil in the Roman Rite of Mass. In the absence of a deacon, it may be sung by a priest or by a cantor. It is sung after a procession with the paschal candle before the beginning of the Liturgy of the Word. It is also used in Anglican and various Lutheran churches, as well as other Western Christian denominations.
Deviant (Pitchshifter album)
Deviant is the fifth album by the British industrial metal band Pitchshifter, released in 2000. It was a follow-up to the commercially successful album www.pitchshifter.com, but was seen by the record label as a disappointment. Promotional videos by DOSE Productions were made for the tracks "Hidden Agenda" and "Dead Battery". The track "Everything's Fucked" was originally released as "Everything Sucks". Jello Biafra makes an appearance on the track "As Seen on TV". By March 2002, the album had sold 33,000 copies in the U.S., just over half the amount www.pitchshifter.com had sold at the same time.

Before Deviant was released, a promotional sampler CD was released under the name 'Deviant Sampler'.

Industrial metal
Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals. Prominent industrial metal acts include Ministry, Nine Inch Nails, Fear Factory, Rammstein, KMFDM, and Godflesh.

Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.  Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails, but its popularity began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s.
Chink in one's armor
The idiom "chink in one's armor" refers to an area of vulnerability. It has traditionally been used to refer to a weak spot in a figurative suit of armor. The standard meaning is similar to that of Achilles' heel.

Grammarist provides a sample usage by The Daily Telegraph that they find acceptable: "Such hype was anathema for the modest professional fighter, who has 22 victories under his belt, and not a perceptible chink in his armour."

Achilles' heel
An Achilles' heel (or  Achilles heel) is a weakness despite overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.
Hartman Rocks Recreation Area
Hartman Rocks Recreation Area lies three miles (4.8 km) south of Gunnison, Colorado. The area provides open space for a wide variety of outdoor sports, including mountain biking, rock climbing, and camping. The 45 miles (72 kilometers) of singletrack trails attract mountain bikers, dirt bikers, hikers, and trail runners. The 45 miles (72 kilometers) of roads are popular with operators of 4x4 trucks, ROVs (recreational off-highway vehicles), and ATVs. The numerous granite outcrops provide space for rock climbing and bouldering. The recreation area occupies over 14,000 acres (5,700 hectares) of public lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management, plus about 140 acres (57 hectares) owned by the City of Gunnison and Gunnison County at the base area, where the parking lot and restrooms are. There are also about 50 primitive campsites available on a no-fee, first-come-first-served basis.

Side-by-side (vehicle)
A side-by-side vehicle (SxS or SSV), is a utility vehicle with a minimum of two seats positioned side by side and enclosed within a roll cage structure. They have a minimum of four wheels (or continuous tracks) and are operated by foot controls and a steering wheel. Depending on use and application they can also be called a utility task vehicle, utility terrain vehicle (UTV), recreational off-highway vehicle (ROV), or multipurpose off-highway utility vehicle (MOHUV).

Side-by-sides may be included in the category of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), but do not include vehicles with saddle-seats that are operated using handlebar-type controls that are the conventional meaning of that term.
Dee Valley Way
The Dee Valley Way (Welsh: Llwybr Dyffryn Dyfrdwy) is a Hiking Trail that runs between Corwen and Llangollen in north Wales.
The Way is 21 km (13 miles) long. The guide splits it into five sections that are accessible by road.

Corwen
Corwen is a town and community in the county of Denbighshire in Wales. Historically, Corwen was part of the county of Merionethshire. Corwen stands on the banks of the River Dee beneath the Berwyn mountains. The town is situated 10 miles (16 km) west of Llangollen and 13 miles (21 km) south of Ruthin. At the 2011 Census, Corwen (community and ward) had a population of 2,325, decreasing slightly from the 2001 population of 2,398,  The community, with an area of 69.51 km2 (26.84 sq mi), 	 includes Corwen and the surrounding villages of Carrog, Clawdd Poncen and Glyndyfrdwy. The Office for National Statistics identifies Corwen Built-up area with a 2011 population of 477 and an area of 0.25 km2 (0.097 sq mi).