hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scaramanga Roped Race
The Scaramanga Roped Race is a ski race for pairs of skiers roped together.  It takes place annually in the Swiss village of Mürren when conditions permit.   Prior to 2018, it was run on New Years Day, but is now takes place on New Years Eve at the end of the skiing day.  It is organised by the Kandahar Ski Club.

Mürren
Mürren (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈmʏrən]) is a traditional Walser mountain village in the Bernese Highlands of Switzerland, at an elevation of 1638 m (5374 ft) above sea level. It cannot be reached by public road. It is also one of the popular tourist spots in Switzerland, and summer and winter are the seasons when Mürren becomes busy with tourists. The village features a view of the three towering mountains Eiger, Mönch, and Jungfrau. Mürren has a year-round population of 450, but has 2000 hotel beds.

Mürren has its own school and two churches, one Reformed and one Roman Catholic.
The Valiant (1962 film)
The Valiant (also known as Affondamento Della Valiant) is a 1962 British-Italian drama film directed by Roy Ward Baker and starring John Mills, Ettore Manni, Roberto Risso, Robert Shaw, and Liam Redmond. It is based on the Italian manned torpedo attack which seriously damaged the two British battleships Valiant and Queen Elizabeth and the oil tanker Sagona at the port of Alexandria in December 1941.

The film had a Royal Gala Premiere on 4 January 1962 at the Odeon Leicester Square in the presence of Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent.

Roy Ward Baker
Roy Ward Baker (born Roy Horace Baker; 19 December 1916 – 5 October 2010) was an English film director.

He was known professionally as Roy Baker until 1967, when he adopted Roy Ward Baker as his screen credit.
Hayreddin Tokadi
Hayreddin Tokadi or Tokadi Hayreddin (b. Konuralp – d. 1525/1530, Bolu), an Ottoman Islamic scholar (alim) and saint (wali) of the widespread Khalwati sufi order (tariqa) buried in Bolu.

Hayreddin Efendi was brought up next to Cemâl-i Halveti (Cemaleddin), known as Çelebi Khalifa, the leader of the Cemâliyye branch, one of the four main branches of the Khalwati tariqa. He joined him while he was in Tokat, continued his studies in Amasya, and went to Istanbul on the orders of his mentor (murshid). Sultan Bayezid II met Hayreddin-i Tokadi when he was governor of Amasya, and after he became sultan he met with him at the Sümbül Efendi (a successor of Çelebi Khalifa Cemaleddin) dergah in Istanbul where he entered seclusion. Hayreddin-i Tokadi continued his guidance (irshad) activities in Bolu and Düzce Pazar and was the mentor of Shaban Wali, the founder of Halvetiyye-Şâbâniyye order. In addition to him, he trained caliphs such as Muslihuddin-i Konrapavi and Mahmud-i Kürevi.

Bayezid II
Bayezid II (Ottoman Turkish: بايزيد ثانى, romanized: Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī; Turkish: II. Bayezid; 3 December 1447/1448 – 26 May 1512) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign, Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire, thwarted a pro-Safavid rebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son, Selim I. Bayezid evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain following the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands, especially in Salonica.
Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis, commonly known as dog's mercury, is a poisonous woodland plant found in much of Europe as well as in Algeria, Iran, Turkey, and the Caucasus, but almost absent from Ireland, Orkney and Shetland. A member of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), it is a herbaceous, downy perennial with erect stems bearing simple, serrate leaves. The dioecious inflorescences are green, bearing inconspicuous flowers from February to April.  It characteristically forms dense, extensive carpets on the floor of woodlands and beneath hedgerows.

Malar rash
A malar rash (from Latin  mala 'jaw, cheek-bone'), also called butterfly rash, is a medical sign consisting of a characteristic form of facial rash. It is often seen in lupus erythematosus. More rarely, it is also seen in other diseases, such as pellagra, dermatomyositis, and Bloom syndrome.

Many conditions can cause rashes with a similar appearance to a malar rash. A malar rash is present in approximately 46–65% of people with lupus.
Moton Hopkins
Moton Hopkins (born November 20, 1986) is an American former professional football defensive tackle. He was signed by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League (CFL) as a free agent in the spring of 2010. He played college football at the University of Tulsa. He also played for the Montreal Alouettes and Ottawa Redblacks.

Tulane Green Wave
The Tulane Green Wave are the athletic teams that represent Tulane University, located in New Orleans, Louisiana. Tulane competes in NCAA Division I as a member of the American Athletic Conference (The American). There are 14 Green Wave intercollegiate programs, two of which compete outside The American. Beach volleyball and bowling, women's sports that are not sponsored by The American, compete in Conference USA (CUSA).
Chevrier Lake (Obatogamau River)
The Chevrier Lake is a freshwater body integrated into a set of lakes designated "Obatogamau Lakes", in the Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality) area, in the area of Nord-du-Québec, in the province of Quebec, Canada. This lake extends into the townships of Queylus, La Dauversière, Fancamp and Haüy.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector. Recreational tourism activities come second.

The hydrographic slope of Chevrier Lake is accessible by a branch of a forest road connecting to the north at route 113 (linking Lebel-sur-Quévillon and Chibougamau) and the Canadian National Railway.

The surface of Lake Chevrier is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however safe ice circulation is generally mid-November to mid-April.

Chibougamau
Chibougamau (French pronunciation: [ʃibuɡamo]) is the largest town in Nord-du-Québec, central Quebec, Canada. Located on Lake Gilman, it has a population of 7,233 people (2021 Canadian census). Chibougamau is surrounded by, but not part of, the local municipality of Eeyou Istchee James Bay. Chibougamau means "gathering place" in the Cree language.

Its remoteness from Lac Saint-Jean (over 200 km (120 mi) south-east) and Abitibi-Témiscamingue (over 250 km (160 mi) south-west) areas causes Chibougamau to provide services for a few smaller communities surrounding it (Mistissini, Oujé-Bougoumou, and Chapais) and for the regional resource-based industries. Despite Chibougamau's remoteness, it is only about as far north as Winnipeg and is south of any part of the mainland of England.

Access to the town is by Route 167 from Lac Saint-Jean and by Route 113 from Lebel-sur-Quévillon. Chibougamau/Chapais Airport is along Route 113, about halfway to Chapais.
Raki, Iran
Raki (Persian: راكي, also Romanized as Rākī) is a village in Bazoft Rural District, Bazoft District, Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 39, in 7 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.
Orissaare Parish
Orissaare Parish was municipality in Saare County, Estonia. The municipality had a population of 2,116 (as of 1 January 2007) and covered an area of 163.02 km².

During the administrative-territorial reform in 2017, all 12 municipalities on the island Saaremaa were merged into a single municipality – Saaremaa Parish.

Saare County
Saare County (Estonian: Saare maakond or Saaremaa; Latin: Oesel; Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It consists of Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it, most notably Muhu, Ruhnu, Abruka, and Vilsandi. The county borders Lääne County to the east, Hiiu County to the north, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Saare County had a population of 31,292, which was 2.4% of the population of Estonia.
Amaryllideae
Amaryllideae are a tribe of subfamily Amaryllidoideae (family Amaryllidaceae). They are herbaceous monocot perennial flowering plants with a predominantly Southern African distribution, with the exception of the pantropical genus Crinum. They are generally treated as consisting of four subtribes. In addition to Crinum, other genera include Amaryllis, Boophone and Strumaria.

Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Examples include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera Acacia and Bacopa.

Neotropical is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean southwards (including cold regions in southernmost South America).

Palaeotropical refers to geographical occurrence. For a distribution to be palaeotropical a taxon must occur in tropical regions in the Old World.

According to Takhtajan (1978), the following families have a pantropical distribution: Annonaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Dilleniaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Malpighiaceae, Proteaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orchidaceae, and Arecaceae.
Highway Beautification Act
In the United States, highway beautification is the subject of the Highway Beautification Act (HBA), passed in the Senate on September 16, 1965 and in the U.S. House of Representatives on October 8, 1965, and signed by the President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 22, 1965. This created "23 USC 131" or Section 131 of Title 23, United States Code (1965), commonly referred to as "Title I of the Highway Beautification Act of 1965, as Amended", and nicknamed "Lady Bird's Bill." It was the pet project of the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, who believed that beauty, and generally clean streets, would make the U.S. a better place to live.

The act called for control of outdoor advertising, including removal of certain types of signs, along the nation's growing Interstate Highway System and the existing federal-aid primary highway system. It also required certain junkyards along Interstate or primary highways to be removed or screened and encouraged scenic enhancement and roadside development.

United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.
The Bride Wore Black (Defiance)
"The Bride Wore Black" is the tenth episode of the first season of the American science fiction series Defiance, and the series' tenth episode overall. It was aired on June 24, 2013. The episode was written by Todd Slavkin and Darren Swimmer and it was directed by Slavkin.

The names of the first season episodes have all been names of songs, albums or films. This title is also the name of a novel and movie, The Bride Wore Black.

Todd Slavkin and Darren Swimmer
Todd Slavkin and Darren Swimmer are an American screenwriting and producing duo. They have generally worked in the genres of science fiction and fantasy. They have served as showrunners for the TV shows Smallville, Melrose Place, Shadowhunters and The Mysterious Benedict Society, and have also been involved in the shows No Ordinary Family, Alphas, Defiance, Dominion and Guilt. Slavkin has occasionally directed episodes of the TV series in which they are involved.
Feudal barony of Cardinham
The Feudal barony of Cardinham (or Honour of Cardinham) is one of the three feudal baronies in Cornwall which existed during the medieval era. Its caput was at Cardinham Castle, Cornwall. The Barony was held in recent times by the Vivian family, the last being Nicholas Vivian, 6th Baron Vivian. Brigadier Nicholas Crespigny Laurence Vivian, 6th Baron Vivian (11 December 1935 - 28 February 2004), conveyed the title to John Anthony Vincent of Edifici Maxim's, Carrer General, Arsinal, Principat Andora, in 1995. Mr. Vincent was a member of the Manorial Society of Great Britain and died in Douglas, Isle of Man, on 31 March 2018. The Barony was then conveyed after the probate of his estate to an American citizen on 25 May 2019.

Hartland, Devon
The village of Hartland, whose parish incorporates the hamlet of Stoke to the west and the village of Meddon in the south, is the most north-westerly settlement in the county of Devon, England.

Now a large village which acts as a centre for a rural neighbourhood and has minor tourist traffic, until Tudor times Hartland was an important port. It lies close to the promontory of Hartland Point, where the coast of Devon turns from facing north into the Bristol Channel to face west into the Atlantic Ocean. There is an important lighthouse on the point. The town's harbour, Hartland Quay, is to the south of the point: the quay was originally built in the late 16th century but was swept away in 1887. The high tower of the Church of Saint Nectan in Stoke remains a significant landmark for ships in the Bristol Channel. The appropriate electoral ward is called Hartland and Bradworthy. Its population at the 2011 census was 3,019.
Grand Wayne Convention Center
The Grand Wayne Center is a convention center located in downtown Fort Wayne, Indiana, Allen County, United States. As a result of a $42 million renovation and expansion from 2003 to 2005, the Grand Wayne now encompasses 225,000 square feet (20,900 m2).

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Robert Maitland O'Reilly
Robert Maitland O'Reilly (January 14, 1845 – November 3, 1912) was the 20th Surgeon General of the United States Army, serving from September 7, 1902 to January 14, 1909.

O'Reilly was born in Philadelphia to John and Ellen (Maitland) O'Reilly. He was a descendant of General Alexander O'Reilly who was a captain general of Cuba and one of the Spanish governors of Louisiana. The American branch settled in Pennsylvania before the American Revolution. O'Reilly was educated in the public schools of his native city.

Alejandro O'Reilly
Alejandro O'Reilly, 1st Count of O'Reilly, KOA (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈxandɾo oˈrejli]; October 24, 1723 in Baltrasna, County Meath, Ireland – March 23, 1794 in Bonete, Spain), English: Alexander, Count of O'Reilly, Irish: Alastar Ó Raghallaigh, was an Irish-born military reformer and Inspector-General of Infantry for the Spanish Empire in the second half of the 18th century. O'Reilly served as the second Spanish governor of colonial Louisiana, and is the first Spanish official to exercise power in the Louisiana territory after France ceded it to Spain following defeat by Great Britain in the Seven Years' War. For his much appreciated services to the Crown of Spain, O'Reilly was ennobled as a conde de O'Reilly (Count of O'Reilly), and granted a coat of arms. He fell out of favour after his calamitous failed attempt at the Invasion of Algiers.
2011 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
The 2011 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament began on March 19, 2011, and concluded on April 5, 2011. The Texas A&M Aggies won the championship, defeating the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 76–70 in the final held at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis.

The tournament was also notable for a historic run by Gonzaga that ultimately ended in the final of the Spokane Region. With the help of two games on their home court and a regional held less than two miles away, the #11-seeded Bulldogs became the lowest seed ever to make a regional final in the history of the women's tournament.

Coincidentally, #11 seed VCU reached the men's Final Four, the third #11 to advance that far since the men's tournament expanded to 64 teams in 1985.

LSU, which reached five consecutive Final Fours from 2004 to 2008, did not qualify for the first time since 1998.

Gonzaga Bulldogs
The Gonzaga Bulldogs (/ɡənˈzæɡə/), also known unofficially as the Zags, are the intercollegiate athletic teams representing Gonzaga University, located in Spokane, Washington, United States. Gonzaga competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I as a member of the West Coast Conference.
Charles B. Letton
Charles B. Letton (c. 1854 – May 1, 1932) was a justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court from 1906 to 1925.

Letton's family emigrated from Scotland in 1869 and became homesteaders in Jefferson County, Nebraska. Letton attended the local schools and read law in the office of Slocumb & Hambel, gaining admission to the bar in Jefferson County in 1881. He served as a county prosecutor for four yearsm, from 1885 to 1889, and as a district judge for eight years, for a district covering six counties in southwestern Nebraska. He was elected as a Republican to the state supreme court in November 1905, defeating Democrat William G. Hastings by a substantial majority.

He was twice reelected to the supreme court, serving for 19 years, announcing his retirement at the end of 1924, effective January 8, 1925. From 1927 until his death, he served as state librarian and clerk of the supreme court.

Letton died of a heart attack in Lincoln, Nebraska, at the age of 78.

Admission to practice law
An admission to practice law is occupational licensing required to practice law. In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.

Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world. Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status. However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship. In English, admission is also called a law license. Basic requirements vary from country to country, as described below.

In some jurisdictions, after admission the lawyer needs to maintain a current practising certificate to be permitted to offer services to the public.
Cinco Chagas
Cinco Chagas (English: Five Wounds) was a Portuguese nau (carrack) that was sunk during the action of Faial on 22–23 June 1594 during the Anglo-Spanish War. When it was sunk, the carrack was reportedly having a burden tonnage of 2,000 tons.

Five Holy Wounds
In Catholic tradition, the Five Holy Wounds, also known as the Five Sacred Wounds or the Five Precious Wounds, are the five piercing wounds that Jesus Christ suffered during his crucifixion. The wounds have been the focus of particular devotions, especially in the late Middle Ages, and have often been reflected in church music and art.
Alexander Baumann (aeronautical engineer)
Alexander Baumann (15 May 1875  –  23 March 1928) was a German aeronautical engineer and aircraft designer. He is credited with being the first full professor of aeronautical engineering in aviation history as the Chair of Airship Aviation, Flight Technology, and Motor Vehicles at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stuttgart in 1911.

University of Stuttgart
The University of Stuttgart (German: Universität Stuttgart) is a public research university located in Stuttgart, Germany. It was founded in 1829 and is organized into 10 faculties. It is one of the oldest technical universities in Germany with programs in civil, mechanical, industrial and electrical engineering, among others. It is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the nine oldest German institutes of technology.
Milo Arts
Milo Arts is a community arts center and former public school building in the Milo-Grogan neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio. The arts center was founded in 1988, and was considered a radical concept at the time. It is the longest-lasting artist live-work space in Columbus.

It is, along with the former Columbus Railway, Power & Light office, one of the two most important historic structures in Milo-Grogan. It is a top priority for preservation for neighborhood leaders.

Milo-Grogan
Milo-Grogan is a neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio. The neighborhood was settled as the separate communities of Milo and Grogan in the late 1870s. Large-scale industrial development fueled the neighborhood's growth until the 1980s, when the last factories closed. The community has received urban renewal efforts in recent years fueled by the Columbus Department of Development and Milo-Grogan Area Commission.
Tseten Dolma
Tseten Dolma (Tibetan: ཚེ་བརྟན་སྒྲོལ་མ།, Wylie: tshe brtan sgrol ma, ZYPY: Cêdain Zhoima, Lhasa dialect: [t͡sʰe˥˥.tɛ̃.ɖ~ɖʐøː˩˨.ma]; Chinese: 才旦卓玛; pinyin: Cáidàn Zhuōmǎ) is a Tibetan soprano. She was born August 1, 1937, to a serf family in Shigatse, Tibet. Tseten was influenced by Tibetan folk music from a very young age, and first performed on stage in 1956. She is known for starring in the 1965 musical epic The East Is Red.

In 1958, she joined the Shanghai Conservatory of Music, learning from professor Wang Pinsu. She has served the Tibet branch of the Chinese Musicians' Association in various roles since the 1960s, including being chairman, director and vice-chairman of CMA, deputy secretary of Bureau of Cultural Affairs of Tibet Autonomous Region.

Shanghai Conservatory of Music
The Shanghai Conservatory of Music (SHCMusic) is a municipal public college in Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the City of Shanghai and is part of the Double First-Class Construction. The college was founded on November 27, 1927.
1897 World Figure Skating Championships
The  1897 World Figure Skating Championship was an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.

The competition took place from February 13th to 14th in Stockholm, Sweden. All judges came from the same country – Sweden.

Gustav Hügel won the competition despite a tendon strain. He got this injury when he was training in Hamburg, Germany.

Strain (injury)
A strain is an acute or chronic soft tissue injury that occurs to a muscle, tendon, or both. The equivalent injury to a ligament is a sprain. Generally, the muscle or tendon overstretches and partially tears, under more physical stress than it can withstand, often from a sudden increase in duration, intensity, or frequency of an activity. Strains most commonly occur in the foot, leg, or back. Initial treatment typically includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE).