hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Magens
Esq. Nicholas Magens or Nicolaus Paul Magens (1697 or 1704 – 1764) was an attorney, a merchant specializing in Spain and its colonies in the Americas, and an expert on ship insurance, general average and bottomry who gained a great reputation in commercial matters.

General average
The law of general average is a principle of maritime law whereby all stakeholders in a sea venture proportionately share any losses resulting from a voluntary sacrifice of part of the ship or cargo to save the whole in an emergency. For instance, should the crew jettison some cargo overboard to lighten the ship in a storm, the loss would be shared pro rata by both the carrier and the cargo-owners.

In the exigencies of hazards faced at sea, crew members may have little time in which to determine precisely whose cargo they are jettisoning. Thus, to avoid quarreling that could waste valuable time, there arose the equitable practice whereby all the merchants whose cargo landed safely would be called on to contribute a portion, based upon a share or percentage, to the merchant or merchants whose goods had been tossed overboard to avert imminent peril.  General average traces its origins in ancient maritime law, and the principle remains within the admiralty law of most countries.
Miracle (Chvrches song)
"Miracle" is a song recorded by Scottish synthpop band Chvrches. Written and produced by the band and Steve Mac, it was released by Glassnote Records on 10 April 2018, as the fourth single from the band's third studio album, Love Is Dead (2018).

Glassnote Records
Glassnote Records (also known as Glassnote Entertainment Group LLC) is a record label that was launched by American music executive Daniel Glass in 2007. The label primarily has a lineup of indie rock and alternative rock artists, most notably Mumford & Sons and Phoenix. The label has also released music from popular artists in other genres, such as Silvana Estrada, Chvrches, Childish Gambino and Secondhand Serenade.
Opera Boston
Opera Boston was an opera company in Boston, Massachusetts. It specialized in less-frequently heard repertoire as well as modern works or opera premieres, along with opera education and outreach programs designed to bring opera education to children both in schools and after-school programs throughout the Boston area.

After eight years, it was announced on 23 December 2011 that Opera Boston would cease operations on 1 January 2012. Board chairman Winifred Gray and president Gregory Bulger cited "an insurmountable budget deficit" as the reason.

Its home base was the Cutler Majestic Theatre, a 1903 Beaux-Arts opera house designed by architect John Galen Howard.

In addition to its regular season the company mounted an "Opera Unlimited Festival" which presented 20th and 21st century chamber opera in an outdoor setting, free of charge. The Festival also commissioned new works.

John Galen Howard
John Galen Howard (May 8, 1864 – July 18, 1931) was an American architect and educator who began his career in New York before moving to California. He was the principal architect at several firms in both states and employed Julia Morgan early in her architectural career.
Neal Lawson
Neal Derek Lawson (born March 1963) is a British political commentator, consultant, lobbyist and organiser. He is the co-founder and chair of the Labour Party-affiliated centre-left pressure group Compass.

OpenDemocracy
openDemocracy is an independent media platform and news website based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 2001, openDemocracy states that through reporting and analysis of social and political issues, they seek to "challenge power and encourage democratic debate" around the world. The founders of the website have been involved with established media and political activism. The platform has been funded by grants from organisations such as Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, the Open Society Foundations, the Ford Foundation, and Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, as well as by receiving direct donations from readers.
Health in Andorra
Life expectancy in Andorra was 79.8 for men and 85.2 years for women in 2010.

A new measure of expected human capital calculated for 195 countries from 1990 to 2016 and defined for each birth cohort as the expected years lived from age 20 to 64 years and adjusted for educational attainment, learning or education quality, and functional health status was published by The Lancet in September 2018. Andorra had the eighteenth highest level of expected human capital with 24 health, education, and learning-adjusted expected years lived between age 20 and 64 years.

Andorra became a member of the World Health Organization on January 14, 1997.

Human capital
Human capital or human assets is a concept used by economists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. Research indicates that investments in human capital generate high economic returns throughout childhood and young adulthood.

Companies can invest in human capital; for example, through education and training, improving levels of quality and production.
1994 Bexley London Borough Council election
The 1994 Bexley Council election took place on 5 May 1994 to elect members of Bexley London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the council went in no overall control.

Bexley London Borough Council
Bexley London Borough Council, also known as Bexley Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Bexley in Greater London, England. The council has been under Conservative majority control since 2006. It is based at Bexley Civic Offices in the Bexleyheath area of the borough.
Sulcoplasty
Sulcoplasty is an orthopedic surgical procedure performed on a groove (sulcus) or indentation present on particular bones. In veterinary surgery it is often employed to remedy a displaced kneecap (luxating patella) by deepening the trochlear sulcus, the groove at the end of the femur on which the patella normally sits.

Patella
The patella (pl.: patellae or patellas), also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in many tetrapods, such as mice, cats, birds, and dogs, but not in whales, or most reptiles.

In humans, the patella is the largest sesamoid bone (i.e., embedded within a tendon or a muscle) in the body. Babies are born with a patella of soft cartilage which begins to ossify into bone at about four years of age.
Lottie Brunn
Lottie Brunn (October 12, 1925 - August 5, 2008) was a German American acrobat. She is believed to be the fastest woman juggler.

She started juggling as a teenager in Aschaffenburg, Germany, together with her brother, Francis Brunn. She and her brother were brought to the United States after being discovered in Spain by John Ringling in 1947. She became a United States citizen in 1962.

She was the wife of circus ringmaster Ted Chirrick. Her son Michael Chirrick is also a juggler.

Brunn was a resident of Moonachie, New Jersey. She had moved to the area in 1959 when she came to the area for an appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show and perform at Radio City Music Hall and found other circus artists living there.

John Ringling
John Nicholas Ringling (May 31, 1866 – December 2, 1936) was an American entrepreneur who is the best known of the seven Ringling brothers, five of whom merged the Barnum & Bailey Circus with their own Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows to create a virtual monopoly of traveling circuses and helped shape the modern circus. In addition to owning and managing many of the largest circuses in the United States, he was also a rancher, a real estate developer and art collector.  He was inducted into the Florida Artists Hall of Fame in 1987.
Women's Match Racing World Championship
The Women's Match Racing World Championship is a sailing match race organized by the International Sailing Federation. With female match racing included in the 2012 Olympic Sailing Competition for the first time, this section of the sport is growing in popularity.

Yacht racing
Yacht racing is a sailing sport involving sailing yachts and larger sailboats, as distinguished from dinghy racing, which involves open boats. It is composed of multiple yachts, in direct competition, racing around a course marked by buoys or other fixed navigational devices or racing longer distances across open water from point-to-point. It can involve a series of races with buoy racing or multiple legs when point-to-point racing.
Nicola Shearn
Nicola Maria Shearn (born 14 October 1966) is a British former synchronised swimmer. She competed in both the women's solo and women's duet competitions at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She also competed for England in the 1986 Commonwealth Games where she won a silver medal in the duet event alongside Amanda Dodd.

Swimming at the 1986 Commonwealth Games
Swimming at the 1986 Commonwealth Games was the 13th appearance of Swimming at the Commonwealth Games.

Competition featured 30 swimming events and was held in Edinburgh, Scotland, from 24 July to 2 August 1986.

The events were held at the Royal Commonwealth Pool, which also hosted the events in 1970.

Australia topped the medal table with 11 gold medals.
Listed buildings in Middleton-by-Wirksworth
Middleton-by-Wirksworth is a civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England.  The parish contains six listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Middleton-by-Wirksworth and the surrounding area, and the listed buildings consist of houses, cottages and associated structures, a milestone and a church.

Derbyshire Dales
Derbyshire Dales (/ˈdɑːrbiʃɪər, -ʃər/ DAR-bee-sheer, -⁠shər) is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district was created in 1974 as West Derbyshire; the name was changed to Derbyshire Dales in 1987. The council is based in the town of Matlock, and the district also includes the towns of Ashbourne, Bakewell, Darley Dale and Wirksworth, as well as numerous villages and extensive rural areas. Much of the district is within the Peak District National Park.

The neighbouring districts are High Peak, Sheffield, North East Derbyshire, Amber Valley, South Derbyshire, East Staffordshire and Staffordshire Moorlands.
Raoul II, Lord of Coucy
Raoul II, Lord of Coucy (died 1250) was a son of Enguerrand III and his wife Marie de Montmirail.  In 1246 he succeeded his father as lord of Coucy.  Raoul died at the Battle of Mansurah in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade.

Raoul married Elisabeth, daughter of Walter III of Châtillon, and later remarried to Philippe of Dammartin, daughter of Simon of Dammartin.

Walter III of Châtillon
Walter III of Châtillon (French: Gaucher III de Châtillon ; Latin: Gualcherius de Castellione) was a French knight and Lord of Châtillon, Montjay, Troissy, Crécy et Pierrefonds until his death in 1219. With his marriage, he became Count of Saint-Pol. He was also the Butler of Champagne and the Seneschal of Burgundy.
1999 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' doubles
Roger Federer and Olivier Rochus were the defending champions, but they did not compete in the Junior's this year.

Guillermo Coria and David Nalbandian defeated Todor Enev and Jarkko Nieminen in the final, 7–5, 6–4 to win the boys' doubles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships.

Olivier Rochus
Olivier Rochus (French pronunciation: [ɔlivje ʁɔkys]; born 18 January 1981) is a former Belgian tennis player.
Rochus won two singles titles in his career and in 2004 won the French Open doubles title, partnering fellow Belgian Xavier Malisse. His career-high singles ranking is world No. 24.
HMS Falkland
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Falkland, probably after the former Royal burgh of Falkland, Fife:

HMS Falkland (1696) was a 54-gun fourth-rate ship of the line, purchased in 1696.  She was the first warship to be built in what would become the United States.  She was rebuilt several times and transferred out of the Royal Navy in 1768.

HMS Falkland (1853) was an 18-gun sloop launched in 1853 and sold in 1862.

There was also HMS Falkland Prize, formerly the 44-gun French fluyt Seine. She was captured by the first HMS Falkland and HMS Dreadnought in 1704 and renamed.  She was wrecked in 1705, salvaged and then sold in 1706.

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Vasant Vihar High School
Vihar High School and Jr College (VVHS) is a private, co-educational, day school in Vasant Vihar, Thane, Maharashtra, India. It was established in 1990 by Goenka and Associates Educational Trust. The school has 7,500 pupils from kindergarten to grade 12. The medium of instruction is English. It is affiliated to the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) and the junior college is affiliated to the Indian School Certificate.  The ICSE curriculum is followed from Grade I to Grade X and ISC curriculum from Grade XI to Grade XII

VVHS is affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations It has 150 teachers and provides facilities for special children with disabilities ranging from cerebral palsy to dyslexia and other learning disorders.

Vasant Vihar High School was started in 1990 with 35 students in the Amrapali Shopping Arcade with four staff.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) is a non-governmental privately held national-level board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. G. Immanuel is the current Chairman of CISCE.
Yakovlev Yak-1
The Yakovlev Yak-1 (Russian: Яковлев Як-1) was a Soviet fighter aircraft of World War II. The Yak-1 was a single-seat monoplane with a composite structure and wooden wings; production began in early 1940.

The Yak-1 was a maneuverable, fast and competitive fighter aircraft. The composite-wooden structure made it easy to maintain and the engine proved to be reliable. It formed the basis for subsequent developments from the Yakovlev bureau and was the founder of a family of aircraft, with some 43,000 being built. As a reward, designer Alexander Yakovlev was awarded the Order of Lenin (Russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina) (the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet Union), a 100,000 ruble prize, and a ZIS motor car.

ShKAS machine gun
The ShKAS (Shpitalny-Komaritski Aviatsionny Skorostrelny, Shpitalny-Komaritski rapid fire for aircraft; Russian: ШКАС - Шпитального-Комарицкого Авиационный Скорострельный) is a 7.62 mm calibre machine gun widely used by Soviet aircraft in the 1930s and during World War II. The ShKAS had the highest rate of fire of any aircraft machine gun in general service during WWII, around 1800 RPM. It was designed by Boris Shpitalniy and Irinarkh Komaritsky and entered production in 1934. ShKAS was used in the majority of Soviet fighters and bombers and served as the basis for the ShVAK cannon.
Town Creek, Dallas
Town Creek is a neighborhood in the Lake Highlands area of Dallas, Texas (USA).  It is generally bounded by Royal Lane on the south, Abrams Road on the west, Whitehurst Drive and Atherton Drive on the north, and a tributary of White Rock Creek on the east. However, it generally excludes the apartments and shopping center located within those boundaries.

The neighborhood is a predominantly middle class and upper class area. A creek trail which runs through the neighborhood along a tributary of White Rock Creek is popular for walkers, photographers, and nature-watchers. Wildlife is abundant in the neighborhood.

Lake Highlands
Lake Highlands is a neighborhood constituting most of Northeast Dallas. The neighborhood is a collection of dozens of subdivisions served by Richardson ISD and Dallas ISD public schools, as well as an array of private schools.
Lectionary 318
Lectionary 318 (Gregory-Aland), designated by siglum ℓ 318 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has survived in a fragmentary condition.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases
The Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases, created in 1986, was an advisory body for the review of studies into the greenhouse effect.  The group was created by the International Council of Scientific Unions, the United Nations Environment Programme, and the World Meteorological Organization to follow up on the recommendations of the International conference of the Assessment of the role of carbon dioxide and of other greenhouse gases in climate variations and associated impacts, held at Villach, Austria, in October 1985.

The seven-member panel included Swedish meteorologist Bert Bolin and Canadian climatologist Kenneth Hare.

The group held its last meeting in 1990.  It was gradually replaced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Kenneth Hare
Frederick Kenneth Hare, CC OOnt FRSC (February 5, 1919 – September 3, 2002) was a Canadian climatologist and academic, who researched atmospheric carbon dioxide, climate change, drought, and arid zone climates and was a strong advocate for preserving the natural environment.
Wayne Tartars football, 1940–1949
The Wayne Tartars football program, 1940–1949 represented Wayne University (now known as Wayne State University during the 1940s in college football.  The team was led by four head coaches during the decade: Joe Gembis (1932–1945); John P. Hackett (1946–1947); Herbert L. Smith (1948); and Louis F. Zarza (1949–1954).

Otterbein University
Otterbein University is a private university in Westerville, Ohio, United States. The university was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ and named for United Brethren founder, Philip William Otterbein. It has been associated since 1968 with the United Methodist Church.

It is primarily an undergraduate institution with approximately 2,100 undergraduate and 240 graduate students on campus.  The school's mascot is Cardy the Cardinal and the school is a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference in NCAA Division III athletics.
Cleveland Barons
The name Cleveland Barons has been used by three professional hockey teams and one junior team.

Cleveland Barons (NHL), the National Hockey League team that played between 1976 and 1978

Cleveland Barons (1937–1973), the original American Hockey League (AHL) team

Cleveland Barons (2001–2006), the former San Jose Sharks AHL affiliate

Cleveland Jr. Barons, a former Junior A team in the NAHL that still retains a number of youth teams in the Cleveland area

Cleveland Barons (1937–1973)
The Cleveland Barons were a minor league professional ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Cleveland, Ohio, at the Cleveland Arena. At the time they folded, they were the most successful team in AHL history, the original incarnation of the Barons played in the AHL from 1937 to 1973. In that time, they won ten division titles and nine Calder Cups, which, although the team had been defunct for over three decades, remained a record until 2009, when the Hershey Bears won their 10th Calder Cup. In 1973, they relocated to Jacksonville, Florida, where they were known as the Jacksonville Barons; they lasted only through the 1973–1974 season before folding.
Sławosze
Sławosze [swaˈvɔʂɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north of Barciany, 25 km (16 mi) north of Kętrzyn, and 82 km (51 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Kętrzyn
Kętrzyn ([ˈkɛntʂɨn] ⓘ, until 1946 Rastembork; German: Rastenburg [ˈʁastn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in northeastern Poland with 27,478 inhabitants (2019). It is the capital of Kętrzyn County in the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship.

The town is known for the surrounding Masurian Lakeland and numerous monuments of historical value such as the Wolf's Lair in nearby Gierłoż, which was Adolf Hitler's primary headquarters over the course of Nazi Germany's military campaign on the Eastern Front during World War II. The town is also known for its 14th century Teutonic Kętrzyn Castle.
Coonamble railway station
Coonamble railway station is a heritage-listed former railway station at Coonamble in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. It served as the terminus for passenger services on the Coonamble railway line and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Orana (New South Wales)
Orana is a vast region in north-central New South Wales, Australia. As of June 2015 it had an estimated population of 113,824 people. It has an area of 198,561 square kilometres (76,665 sq mi) and is the largest region in New South Wales, comprising approximately 25% of that  state. The major localities include Dubbo and Cobar. This region corresponds approximately with the Australian Bureau of Statistics' North Western Statistical Division.
Marthe de Florian
Marthe de Florian (born Mathilde Héloïse Beaugiron; 9 September 1864 – 29 August 1939) was a French demi-mondaine and socialite during the Belle Époque. She was known for having famous lovers including Georges Clemenceau, Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, Paul Deschanel, Gaston Doumergue, Robert de Montesquiou, and Giovanni Boldini. Initially forgotten from history, her story resurfaced in 2010 after her belongings were discovered in her Parisian apartment, located at 2 square La Bruyère in the 9th arrondissement, untouched for decades. The discovery of her apartment was the inspiration behind Michelle Gable's novel A Paris Apartment.

Robert de Montesquiou
Marie Joseph Robert Anatole, comte de Montesquiou-Fézensac  (19 March 1855, Paris – 11 December 1921, Menton) was a French aesthete, Symbolist poet, painter, art collector, art interpreter, and dandy. He is reputed to have been the inspiration both for Jean des Esseintes in Joris-Karl Huysmans' À rebours (1884) and, most famously, for the Baron de Charlus in Marcel Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu (1913–1927). In his play Chantecler, Edmond Rostand is said to have caricatured Montesquiou as the Peacock, 'Prince of the unexpected adjective.'" Some believe that he may have been an inspiration for the character Lord Henry in the 1890 novel The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde.