hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pilia gens
The gens Pilia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  None of the Pilii attained any of the higher magistracies of the Roman state, and members of this gens are known primarily through the writings of Cicero, who was acquainted with a family of this name; but many others are known from inscriptions.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Asahel Lathrop
Asahel Albert Lathrop (December 27, 1810 – January 23, 1891) was one of thousands of 19th-century American Mormon pioneers who is best known today for his involvement on August 6, 1838, in Gallatin Election Day Battle in Daviess County, Missouri; a voting incident involving Asahel's brother-in-law-, Samuel Brown, the husband of Lydia Marie Lathrop, which led to a full-scale war. A group of armed men forced Asahel A. Lathrop from his home, and held his wife and children prisoner; they later died.

Daviess County, Missouri
Daviess County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,430. Its county seat is Gallatin. The county was organized December 29, 1836, from Ray County and named for Major Joseph Hamilton Daveiss, a soldier from Kentucky who was killed in 1811 at the Battle of Tippecanoe.

The county includes the town of Jamesport, which has the largest Amish community in Missouri.
Munna Bhai (film series)
Munna Bhai is an Indian Hindi-language film series created, written and directed by Rajkumar Hirani and produced by Vidhu Vinod Chopra under the banner of Vinod Chopra Productions. It consists of Munna Bhai M.B.B.S., released in 2003, and Lage Raho Munna Bhai, released in 2006. The two films stars the same characters of Sanjay Dutt as Munna Bhai and Arshad Warsi as Circuit, with different plot elements and settings. Boman Irani and Jimmy Sheirgill feature in each film as different characters. Both of the films received widespread critical acclaim and became huge commercial successes.

Film series
A film series or movie series is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe, or are marketed as a series. It is a type of series fiction.

This article explains what film series are and gives brief examples of movie series. The body shows a list of the most popular film series and franchises in the United States and Canada.
Jacob M. Wise
Jacob M. Wise was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served in the Pennsylvania State Senate, representing the 18th district from 1811 to 1818. During his tenure the 18th district represented Westmoreland County in Western Pennsylvania.

Wise was a prominent supporter of Andrew Jackson and his family consisted of many important early Democrats in Western Pennsylvania. Frederick A. Wise, was the editor in chief of the pro-Jacksonian Westmoreland Republican, and John H. Wise was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Jacob, and his aforementioned family members, were part of the committee that first nominated Jackson for president on December 23, 1823, in front of Greensburg courthouse alongside David Marchand and James Clarke.

David Marchand
David Marchand was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. He was born near Irwin, Pennsylvania.  He studied medicine and practiced in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.  He was a major general of the Thirteenth Division of the State militia from 1812 to 1814. He had a son, Albert Gallatin Marchand.

Marchand was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fifteenth Congress and reelected to the Sixteenth Congress.  He was elected prothonotary of Westmoreland County in 1821.  He resumed the practice of medicine and died in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, in 1832.  Interment in Greensburg Cemetery.
Leptopilina
Leptopilina is a genus of parasitoid wasp in the family Figitidae. The genus is best known for the three Drosophila parasitoids Leptopilina boulardi, Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina clavipes, used to study host-parasite immune interactions. The venom released by L. heterotoma during oviposition contains virus-like particles that delay host larval development and suppress the host cellular immune response. There is no evidence that these virus-like particles are the products of viral DNA as described in other parasitoid taxa.

Leptopilina japonica is a parasitoid of Drosophila suzukii which is an important pest in fruit production. It was first captured in November 2020 as bycatch from a Vespa mandarinia trap in Washington State - the first find of this species in the United States. This may help to control D. suzukii in North America.

Asian giant hornet
The Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia), also known as the northern giant hornet, and the Japanese giant hornet, is the world's largest hornet. It is native to temperate and tropical East Asia, South Asia, mainland Southeast Asia, and parts of the Russian Far East. It was also briefly found in the Pacific Northwest of North America from late 2019 but was eradicated by December 2024.

Asian giant hornets prefer to live in low mountains and forests, while almost completely avoiding plains and high-altitude climates. V. mandarinia creates nests by digging, co-opting pre-existing tunnels dug by rodents, or occupying spaces near rotten pine roots. It feeds primarily on larger insects, colonies of other eusocial insects, tree sap, and honey from honeybee colonies. The hornet has a body length of 45 mm (1+3⁄4 in), a wingspan around 75 mm (3 in), and a stinger 6 mm (1⁄4 in) long, which injects a large amount of potent venom.
George Meldon (cricketer, born 1875)
George Edward (or Edgar) Pugin Meldon (12 September 1875 – 2 July 1950) was an Irish cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who played four first-class matches for Dublin University in 1895.

His father was physician Austin Meldon. He was appointed surgeon to the Westmoreland Lock Hospital, Dublin in 1904; anaesthetist, Royal City of Dublin Hospital, in 1909; and anaesthetist, Incorporated Dental Hospital of Ireland, in 1909. He died at his home, Dunluce, in Anglesea Road, Dublin on 2 July 1950 and was interred in Glasnevin Cemetery on 4 July 1950, after a Solemn Requiem Mass and funeral conducted by Father A. Camac in the Church of the Sacred Heart, Donnybrook, Dublin. He was survived by three daughters, two sons, and a daughter-in-law.

Anglesea Road
Anglesea Road (Irish: Bóthar Anglesea) is a road joining Donnybrook with Ballsbridge, in Dublin, Ireland. It forms part of the R815 regional route in Southeast Dublin. The River Dodder flows near Anglesea Road and on a similar route to the road.
1993 International Formula 3000 Championship
The 1993 FIA Formula 3000 International Championship was a motor racing series for Formula 3000 cars. Contested over nine races, it was the ninth FIA Formula 3000 International Championship.

French driver, Olivier Panis won the championship driving a Reynard 93D for the French DAMS team.

International Formula 3000
The Formula 3000 International Championship was a motor racing series created by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) in 1985 to become the final preparatory step for drivers hoping to enter Formula One. Formula Two had become too expensive, and was dominated by works-run cars with factory engines; the hope was that Formula 3000 would offer quicker, cheaper, more open racing. The series began as an open specification, then tyres were standardized from 1986 onwards, followed by engines and chassis in 1996. The series ran annually until 2004, and was replaced in 2005 by the GP2 Series.

The series was staged as the Formula 3000 European Championship in 1985, as the Formula 3000 Intercontinental Championship in 1986 and 1987 and then as the Formula 3000 International Championship from 1988 to 2004.
Moronga
Moronga (also called rellena, morcilla, or mbusia) is a kind of blood sausage. It is found in Uruguayan, Argentine, Cuban, Colombian, Puerto Rican, Central American (El Salvador, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and Costa Rica), Mexican, and Paraguayan cuisine.

Spices, herbs (such as ruta, oregano, and mint), onions, and chili peppers are added and then boiled for several hours in casing made of a pig's large intestines. It is served in a sauce, either chile rojo or chile verde. It is also served in central Mexico as a filling in gorditas and tacos after it has been pan-fried with fresh onions and jalapeño peppers. This sausage is called morcilla in the Yucatán Peninsula, and it is almost always served along with other sausages (buche) and a mix of pickled onion, cilantro, and spices.

Sausage casing
Sausage casing, also known as sausage skin or simply casing, is the material that encloses the filling of a sausage. Natural casings are made from animal intestines or skin; artificial casings, introduced in the early 20th century, are made of collagen and cellulose. The material is then shaped via a continuous extrusion process—producing a single sausage casing of indefinite length—which is then cut into desired lengths, usually while the extrusion process continues.
The Jayhawkers!
The Jayhawkers! is a 1959 American Technicolor VistaVision western film directed by Melvin Frank, starring Jeff Chandler as Luke Darcy and Fess Parker as Cam Bleeker. The film is set in pre-Civil War land of the Kansas Territory. Darcy leads a gang which seeks to take advantage of Bleeding Kansas (loosely based on abolitionist John Brown); Bleeker joins the gang. The supporting cast features Henry Silva and Leo Gordon.

Melvin Frank
Melvin Frank (13 August 1913 – 13 October 1988) was an American screenwriter, film producer and film director. He is known for his partnership with Norman Panama and their work on films such as Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948), White Christmas (1954), and The Court Jester (1956). He also directed films such as Buona Sera, Mrs. Campbell (1968) and A Touch of Class (1973).
Cree Nation of Wemindji
The Cree Nation of Wemindji is a Cree First Nation of Northern Quebec, Canada. It is headquartered at the Cree village of Wemindji and also has the terre réservée crie of the same name, both located in the Eeyou Istchee territory. In 2016, it has a registered population of 1,589 members. It is in negotiation with the government of Canada to obtain its self-governance.

Wemindji (Cree village municipality)
Wemindji (Cree: ᐐᒥᓂᒌ/Wîminicî) is a Cree village municipality in the territory of Eeyou Istchee in northern Quebec; it has a distinct legal status and classification from other kinds of village municipalities in Quebec: Naskapi village municipalities, northern villages (Inuit communities), and ordinary villages.

As with all other Cree village municipalities in Quebec, there is a counterpart Cree reserved land of the same name located nearby: Wemindji.

Despite the title of "village municipality" and the formalities that go along with it (for instance, having a mayor), Statistics Canada lists it (and all other Cree village municipalities in Quebec) as having no resident population or residential infrastructure (dwellings); it is the Cree reserved lands that are listed as having population and residential dwellings in the 2011 census, the 2006 census, and earlier censuses.
2021 Men's EuroHockey Championship II
The 2021 Men's EuroHockey Championship II was the ninth edition of the Men's EuroHockey Championship II, the second level of the men's European field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 15 to 21 August 2021 in Gniezno, Poland.

The top five teams qualified for the European qualifier for the 2023 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup.

Austria won their first EuroHockey Championship II title by defeating Scotland 7–6 in the penalty shoot-out following a 1–1 draw in regular time. Ireland won the bronze medal by defeating the hosts Poland 4–2.

2023 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup
The 2023 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup was the 15th edition of the Men's FIH Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the International Hockey Federation. It was held at the Kalinga Hockey Stadium in Bhubaneswar and at the 20,000 seat Birsa Munda International Hockey Stadium in Rourkela, India from 13 to 29 January 2023.

Germany won their third title after defeating the defending champions Belgium in the final 5–4 in a shoot-out after the match finished 3–3 in regular time. The Netherlands captured the bronze medal by winning 3–1 against Australia.
Ministry of Urban Development and Housing
The Ministry of Urban Development, Construction and Housing (Sinhala: නාගරික සංවර්ධන හා නිවාස අමාත්‍යාංශය; Tamil: நகர அபிவிருத்தி மற்றும் வீடமைப்பு அமைச்சு) is a cabinet ministry of the Government of Sri Lanka responsible for housing and construction. The ministry is responsible for formulating and implementing national policy on housing and construction and other subjects which come under its purview. The current Minister of Urban Development and Housing is Mr. Ranjith Ariyarathne The ministry's secretary is Mr. Ranjith Ariyaratne.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Concert Artists of Baltimore
Concert Artists of Baltimore is a combination chamber orchestra and vocal ensemble in Baltimore, Maryland. The group describes itself as being a 30-year-old institution entirely composed of paid professionals. This puts it on a tier above other non-BSO orchestras in Baltimore, such as the Soulful Symphony, Baltimore Choral Arts Society, Baltimore Philharmonia, Baltimore Chamber Orchestra, Peabody Institute ensembles and various academic orchestras. The unique nature of the group allows it to stage large orchestral/choral works at a level of quality only viable in-house for a few other institutions on the East Coast. It also puts the group in demand for collaborations, including a 2011 performance of Honegger's Joan of Arc which, with more than 600 participants, was so massive as to require three of the groups mentioned above.

Cathedral of Mary Our Queen, Baltimore
The Cathedral of Mary Our Queen is a Catholic cathedral in Baltimore, Maryland in the United States. Dedicated in 1959, the cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Baltimore. It replaced the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which now serves as co-cathedral for the archdiocese.

Mary Our Queen is located in the Homeland area of northern Baltimore, near Loyola University Maryland and St. Mary's Seminary and University. It is designed to seat 1,900 people.
Wesleyan Missionary Notices
Wesleyan Missionary Notices was a periodical published by the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society (WMMS) starting in the early 19th century. It served as the primary reporting tool for the society's global activities, originally established by leaders like John Wesley, Thomas Coke, and others.

It was published by the Secretaries of the Society, and sold at the Centenary Hall, Bishopsgate-street, and at 66, Paternoster Row, London.

Paternoster Row
Paternoster Row is a street in the City of London that was a centre of the London publishing trade, with booksellers operating from the street. Paternoster Row was described as "almost synonymous" with the book trade. It was part of an area called St Paul's Churchyard.  In time Paternoster Row itself was used inclusively of various alleys, courts and side streets.  Largely destroyed during aerial bombing in World War II, the street's area is now the site of much of the post-war Paternoster Square development.
Sean McInerney
Sean Mallan McInerney (born December 27, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He was a replacement player during the NFL strike in 1987. He played college football for the Frostburg State Bobcats.

Replacement player
In professional sports, a replacement player is an athlete who is not a member of the league's players association and plays during a labor dispute such as a strike or lockout, serving as a strikebreaker.

Replacements related to strikes are mostly a North American phenomenon, since players in many other countries do not have league-wide collective salary bargaining (instead bargaining only with the club they are contracted to, and most commonly on an individual basis). A strike did however happen in the 2011–12 La Liga season in Spain, but no replacement teams were set up.

Elsewhere, replacement teams can occasionally happen through, among other things, illness breakouts (especially COVID-19) and aviation accidents.
Buttons (pantomime)
Buttons is a traditional character in Cinderella pantomimes, and is commonly portrayed in Cinderella pantomimes throughout the UK and Australia. He is typically a male servant of the household who helps Cinderella and loves her, and who is liked and trusted but not loved by her.  The character has sometimes been called Pedro.

The character first appeared in 1860 at the Strand Theatre, London in a version of the story derived from the opera La Cenerentola by Rossini.  Rossini includes a character Dandini as assistant to the Prince, which was also included, and a complementary character for Cinderella, called Buttoni was added for the pantomime at this time.  'Buttons' was at that time a name for a young male servant or pageboy commonly having gilt buttons down the front of his jacket.

While the character introduces a note of pathos in his unrequited love for Cinderella, he is often portrayed in a comic tone.

Pathos
Pathos appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them. Pathos is a term most often used in rhetoric (in which it is considered one of the three modes of persuasion, alongside ethos and logos), as well as in literature, film and other narrative art.
Ruslan Vartanov
Ruslan Vartanov (born 18 August 1971; Lithuanian: Ruslanas Vartanovas) is a retired Lithuanian Greco-Roman wrestler and coach. He is a fifteen-time Lithuanian Champion in several weight classes and won the Baltic Sea Games in 1993. Vartanov competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He is currently one of the coaches of the Lithuanian national Greco-Roman wrestling team. In 2002, he graduated from the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences.

Vytautas Magnus University Education Academy
Vytautas Magnus University Education Academy (Lithuanian: Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto Švietimo akademija or VDU ŠA) – an academical unit of Vytautas Magnus University, which specialized in preparing school teachers and other educators. Located in Vilnius and Kaunas, Lithuania.
Timeline of women in warfare and the military in the United States, 2011–present
This article lists events involving Women in warfare and the military in the United States since 2011. For the previous decade, see Timeline of women in warfare and the military in the United States, 2000–2010.

Brenda Sue Fulton
Brenda Sue Fulton is a former American government official and former military officer who has served as the assistant secretary of veterans affairs for public and intergovernmental affairs in the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. She commissioned in the United States Army as a signal officer, serving as both a platoon leader and company commander in Germany before receiving an honorable discharge at the rank of captain.
Alexander Maranghides
Alexander Maranghides is an American fire protection engineer at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). He is best known for his research on wildland–urban interface (WUI) fires and large-scale fire testing.

Wildland–urban interface
The wildland–urban interface (WUI) is a zone of transition between wilderness (unoccupied land) and land developed by human activity – an area where a built environment meets or intermingles with a natural environment. Human settlements in the WUI are at a greater risk of catastrophic wildfire.
Jerry Katherman
Jerry Katherman (April 7, 1896 – February 1, 1972) was an American football and basketball player and coach.

Katherman was a 1921 graduate of Ohio Northern University. He served as the head men's basketball coach Capital University in Columbus, Ohio from 1923 to 1929.

Ohio Northern University
Ohio Northern University (Ohio Northern or ONU) is a private college in Ada, Ohio, United States. Founded by Henry Solomon Lehr in 1871, ONU offers over 60 programs across five undergraduate and graduate colleges and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. The college had an enrollment of about 3,000 students as of 2023.
Bernard C. Meyers
Bernard C. Meyers is an American abstract contemporary artist, photographer, and educator.  He is most known for his abstract art and for his focus on the art of printmaking – traditional printmaking, etching and lithography, mono-prints, montage and photography – as well as commercial photography specializing in architecture, environmental portraits and art reproduction. Meyer's work has been collected by the Portland Museum of Art and the High Museum of Art's Bunnen Collection, and was highlighted in Amy Jorgensen's A Survey of Contemporary Photography in Utah. He was on the faculty at the University of Southern Maine and the University of New England for 22 years, and has been teaching at Utah's Waterford School as of 2021.

Meyers was selected as an artist-in-residence at the Utah Museum of Contemporary Art for the 2021–2020 season, "explor[ing] the intersections of photographic realism and abstract expressionism."

Utah Museum of Contemporary Art
The Utah Museum of Contemporary Art (UMOCA), formerly known as the Salt Lake Art Center, is a contemporary art museum located in downtown Salt Lake City. The museum presents rotating exhibitions by local, national, and international contemporary artists throughout its six gallery spaces.
Linus Beach
Linus Beach (Bulgarian: бряг Лин, romanized: bryag Lin, IPA: [ˈbrʲak ˈlin]) is the ice-free 2 km long beach on the east side of Cape Timblón, Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is part of the south coast of Morton Strait. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The feature is named after the mythical musician and poet Linus of Thrace, brother of Orpheus.

Snow Island (South Shetland Islands)
Snow Island or Isla Nevada is a completely ice-covered island, 16 by 8 kilometres (9.9 by 5.0 mi) in size, lying 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Surface area is 120.4 square kilometres (46.5 sq mi).  This island was known to both American and British sealers as early as 1820, and the name has been well established in international usage for over 100 years.