hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Evolve Festival
Evolve Festival is an annual multi-genre music and cultural festival in New Brunswick. The festival is dedicated to the promotion of sustainable living and environmental awareness. It uses renewable energy sources, recycled, and biodegradable products and endeavours to limit solid waste.

The festival originally took place near Antigonish, Nova Scotia, until 2016, when the festival's permit was revoked due to issues related to rampant drug use among attendees.; it subsequently relocated to Beersville, New Brunswick. In 2010, Evolve Festival won the CBC Radio 3 contest vote for "Best Festival In Canada".

The festival presents a diverse lineup of rock, jazz, funk, world music, hip hop, bluegrass and electronica performers.

Sustainable living
Sustainable living describes a lifestyle that attempts to reduce the use of Earth's natural resources by an individual or society. Its practitioners often attempt to reduce their ecological footprint (including their carbon footprint) by altering their home designs and methods of transportation, energy consumption and diet. Its proponents aim to conduct their lives in ways that are consistent with sustainability, naturally balanced, and respectful of humanity's symbiotic relationship with the Earth's natural ecology. The practice and general philosophy of ecological living closely follows the overall principles of sustainable development.

One approach to sustainable living, exemplified by small-scale urban transition towns and rural ecovillages, seeks to create self-reliant communities based on principles of simple living, which maximize self-sufficiency, particularly in food production. These principles, on a broader scale, underpin the concept of a bioregional economy.
Backstage musical
A backstage musical is a genre of musical with a plot set in a theatrical context that revolves around the production of a play or musical revue. The film's narrative trajectory often comes to a halt one or more times to allow a performance. The songs performed in this context are considered diegetic numbers in that they occur literally in the plot, though they do not necessarily move the story forward.

The backstage musical was typified in the early films by director and choreographer Busby Berkeley, including 42nd Street (1933), Footlight Parade (1933), Dames (1934) and the Gold Diggers series (1933, 1935 and 1937), with examples  in later films including Burlesque (2010) and A Star Is Born (2018).

Stage musicals that themselves have elements of backstage musicals include Show Boat (1927), Kiss Me, Kate (1948), The Band Wagon (1953), Gypsy (1959), Cabaret (1966), Follies (1971), A Chorus Line (1975), The Phantom of the Opera (1986), and Curtains.

42nd Street (film)
42nd Street is a 1933 American pre-Code musical film directed by Lloyd Bacon, with songs by Harry Warren (music) and Al Dubin (lyrics). The film's numbers were staged and choreographed by Busby Berkeley. It starred an ensemble cast of Warner Baxter, Bebe Daniels, George Brent, Ruby Keeler, Dick Powell and Ginger Rogers.

Adapted from the 1932 novel of the same name by Bradford Ropes, the film's screenplay was written by Rian James and James Seymour, with uncredited contributions by Whitney Bolton. The story revolves around the cast and crew rehearsing for a Broadway show at the height of the Great Depression.

42nd Street was one of the most successful motion pictures released in 1933, earning almost $1.5 million at the box office. At the 6th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for Best Picture.

In 1998, 42nd Street was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Coulston Foundation
The Coulston Foundation (TCF) was a research facility established by the toxicologist Fred Coulston in 1993 at Alamogordo, New Mexico. At one point, the foundation may have had 650 chimpanzees and conducted research on AIDS and hepatitis C and other diseases.

Antivivisection groups investigated the facility over a number of years uncovering numerous cases of animal abuse and violations of the Animal Welfare Act. By 2001, the lab had lost its government contracts because of concerns over the welfare of the animals. In December of that year, the foundation was unable to pay its bills and the local bank began foreclosure proceedings.

In September 2002, the foundation was purchased by Save the Chimps, which ceased all research and retired the animals.

Vivisection
Vivisection (from Latin  vivus 'alive' and  sectio 'cutting') is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure. The word is, more broadly, used as a pejorative catch-all term for experimentation on live animals by organizations opposed to animal experimentation, but the term is rarely used by practicing scientists. Human vivisection, such as live organ harvesting, has been perpetrated as a form of torture.
Scotiabank Theatre
Scotiabank Theatre (French: Cinémas Banque Scotia) is a Canadian banner of multiplex cinemas owned by Cineplex Entertainment. The brand was established in 2007 as part of a wider partnership between Cineplex and Scotiabank on their new Scene loyalty program.

The brand is positioned as Cineplex's flagship banner, encompassing ten locations in major markets with a focus on offering premium amenities and formats. They include three locations that formerly operated under the Paramount Theatres brand prior to the acquisition of Famous Players by Cineplex (including the flagship Toronto location), as well as locations rebranded from other Cineplex banners.

4K resolution
4K resolution is a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. For digital cinematography, it is 3996 × 2160 (DCI 4K), typically with a 16.65:9 (1.85:1) aspect ratio; for digital television, it is 3840 × 2160 (4K UHD), typically with a 16:9 (1.78:1) aspect ratio.

The 4K television market share increased as prices fell dramatically throughout 2013 and 2014.
Adler Trumpf Junior
The Adler Trumpf Junior is a small family car introduced by the Frankfurt based auto-maker Adler, early in 1934. Trumpf Junior was conceived as a similar but smaller version of the Adler Trumpf, which had already been available for two years. It intended to broaden the range and claim a share of a growing market which DKW were creating with their F1 model, and its successors, for small inexpensive front wheel drive cars.

The Trumpf Junior's development  was a shared responsibility between Hans Gustav Röhr (1895 – 1937) and his colleague and friend, Adler chief engineer Josef Dauben .

Karmann
Wilhelm Karmann GmbH, commonly known as Karmann, was a German automobile manufacturer and contract manufacturer based in Osnabrück, Germany. Founded by Wilhelm Karmann in 1901, the company specialised in various automotive roles, including design, production and assembly of components for a wide variety of automobile manufacturers, including Chrysler, Porsche, Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen Group.

The company was broken up in 2010, after filing for bankruptcy the previous year. Its convertible roof components were purchased by Webasto, Magna Steyr and Valmet Automotive, while the Osnabrück assembly plant, vehicle development, tools and assembly systems were transferred to Volkswagen.
Battle of Hill Eerie
The Battle of Hill Eerie (Tagalog: Labanan sa Burol ng Eerie; Korean: 이리고지 전투, RR: Seomtteughan Eondeog Jeontu) refers to several Korean War engagements between the United Nations Command (UN) forces and the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) in 1952 at Hill Eerie, a military outpost about 10 miles (16 km) west of Ch'orwon. It was taken several times by both sides; each sabotaging the others' position.

People's Volunteer Army
The People's Volunteer Army (PVA), officially the Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV), was the armed expeditionary forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the PVA were actually transferred from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) under the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong, the PVA was separately constituted in order to prevent an official war with the United States. The PVA entered Korea on 19 October 1950 and completely withdrew by October 1958. The nominal commander and political commissar of the PVA was Peng Dehuai before the ceasefire agreement in 1953, although both Chen Geng and Deng Hua served as the acting commander and commissar after April 1952 following Peng's illness. The initial (25 October – 5 November 1950) units in the PVA included 38th, 39th, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 66th Corps; totalling 250,000 men. About 3 million Chinese civilian and military personnel had served in Korea throughout the war.
Babiana sambucina
Babiana sambucina is a species of geophyte of 8–30 cm (3.1–11.8 in) high that is assigned to the family Iridaceae. It has dense spikes of blue to violet-coloured, often fragrant flowers. There are two subspecies, B. sambucina subsp. longibracteata is restricted to a small area in the Northern Cape, B. sambucina subsp. sambucina grows in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. Flowers are present in August and September.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
High–low system
The high–low system (or high–low pressure system, high–low propulsion system, high–low projection system) is a design of cannon and anti-tank warfare launcher using a smaller high-pressure chamber to store propellant. It allows a much larger projectile to be launched without the heavy equipment usually needed for large caliber weapons. When the propellant is ignited, the higher pressure gases are bled out through vents (or ports) at reduced pressure to a much larger low pressure chamber to push a projectile forward. The high-low system allows the weight of the weapon and its ammunition to be reduced significantly. Production cost and time are drastically lower than for standard cannon or other small-arm weapon systems firing a projectile of the same size and weight. It has a far more efficient use of the propellant, unlike earlier recoilless weapons, where most of the propellant is expended to the rear of the weapon to counter the recoil of the projectile being fired.

Anti-tank warfare
Anti-tank warfare refers to the military strategies, tactics, and weapon systems designed to counter and destroy enemy armored vehicles, particularly tanks. It originated during World War I following the first deployment of tanks in 1916, and has since become a fundamental component of land warfare doctrine. Over time, anti-tank warfare has evolved to include a wide range of systems, from handheld infantry weapons and anti-tank guns to guided missiles and air-delivered munitions.

Anti-tank warfare evolved rapidly during World War II, leading to infantry-portable weapons.

Through the Cold War of 1947–1991, the United States, anti-tank weapons have also been upgraded in number and performance.

Since the end of the Cold War in 1992, new threats to tanks and other armored vehicles have included remotely detonated improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, drones and loitering munitions have attacked and destroyed tanks.
Sihasapa
The Sihásapa or Blackfoot Sioux are a division  of the Lakota people, Titonwan, or Teton.

Sihásapa is the Lakota word for "Blackfoot", whereas Siksiká has the same meaning in the Nitsitapi language, and, together with the Kainai and the Piikani forms the Nitsitapi Confederacy. As a result, the Sihásapa have the same English name as the Blackfoot Confederacy (correctly: Nitsitapi Confederacy),  and the nations are sometimes confused with one another.

The Sihásapa lived in the western Dakotas on the Great Plains, and consequently are among the Plains Indians. Their official residence today is the Standing Rock Reservation in North and South Dakota and the Cheyenne River Reservation in South Dakota, home also to the Itazipco (No Bows), the Minneconjou (People Who Live Near Water) and Oohenumpa (Two Kettle), all bands of the Lakota.

Siksika Nation
The Siksika Nation (Blackfoot: Siksiká; syllabics ᓱᖽᐧᖿ, Blackfoot pronunciation: [sɪksɪˈka]) is a First Nation in southern Alberta, Canada. The name Siksiká comes from the Blackfoot words sik (black) and iká (foot), with a connector s between the two words. The plural form of Siksiká is Siksikáwa. The Siksikáwa are the northernmost of the Niitsítapi (Original People), all of whom speak dialects of Blackfoot, an Algonquian language.

When European explorers travelled west, they most likely met the Siksiká first. The four Niitsítapi nations of the Blackfoot Confederacy are the Siksiká, Káínaa (Kainai or Blood), Aapátohsipikáni (Northern Peigan), and Aamsskáápipikani (South Peigan or Montana Blackfoot). The population of the Siksika Nation is approximately 7,800 people.
Kunov
Kunov or Cunow (Cyrillic: Кунов) is a Slavic masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Kunova or Cunowa. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Kunová (born 1992), Slovak figure skater

Elena Kunova (born 1975), Bulgarian volleyball player

Emiliya Kunova (born 1960), Bulgarian athlete

Heinrich Cunow (1862–1936), German politician and Marxist theorist
Lensch-Cunow-Haenisch group

Lensch-Cunow-Haenisch group
The Lensch-Cunow-Haenisch group was a political faction within the Social Democratic Party of Germany founded in 1915 by anti-revisionist Marxists who despite previously opposing participation in the First World War now supported it. Its name comes from the three principal protagonists: Paul Lensch, Heinrich Cunow and Konrad Haenisch. They followed the initiative of Parvus in advocating a German victory as a positive step for international social democracy. They mobilised Marxist arguments behind the war effort.

In 1907 Parvus had been a critic of German imperialism, publishing Colonial Policy and the Breakdown during the 1907 German federal election, often referred to as the Hottentot Election.
McChurch
McChurch is a McWord used to suggest that a particular church has a strong element of entertainment, consumerism or commercialism which obscures its religious aspects.  The term is sometimes used as a derogatory synonym for megachurch.

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
Yom Chol
In Judaism, Yom Chol (Hebrew: יוֹם חוֹל) is a day that is neither a Sabbath nor a Jewish holiday. The term "Chol" is derived from "Cholin" (חולין), indicating a day of lesser sacredness compared to the other significant days on the Jewish calendar.

The activities that are prohibited on the Sabbath are permitted on Yom Chol, thus these days are also known as the "six days of work" or "six days of action" (ששת ימי המעשה). During Yom Chol, there are three daily prayers: Maariv, Shacharit and Mincha. In Rosh Chodesh, an additional prayer, known as Mussaf, is included in the liturgy.

Another notable difference between Yom Chol and Sabbaths or holidays involves the recitation of Tachanun, a prayer said during Shacharit and Mincha.

Shacharit
Shacharit [ʃaχaˈʁit] (Hebrew: שַחֲרִית šaḥăriṯ), or Shacharis in Ashkenazi Hebrew, is the morning tefillah (prayer) of Judaism, one of the three daily prayers.

Different traditions identify different primary components of Shacharit. Essentially all agree that pesukei dezimra, the Shema Yisrael and its blessings, and the Amidah are major sections. Some identify the preliminary blessings and readings, as a first, distinct section. Others say that Tachanun is a separate section, as well as the concluding blessings. On certain days, there are additional prayers and services added to shacharit, including Mussaf and a Torah reading.
Alfred Ramirez
Alfred Ramirez (born January 25, 1932) is a former American politician who served one term in the Kansas Senate and spent 10 years in the Kansas House of Representatives. Born near rural Zarah, Ramirez worked as a production supervisor for AT&T. In 1982, he was elected to the Kansas House, where he served 5 terms. In 1992, he ran for State Senate from the 5th district, and served a single term before leaving the State Senate in 1996; he was succeeded by Mark Gilstrap. In the 1970s, he served as mayor of Bonner Springs, Kansas.

Bonner Springs, Kansas
Bonner Springs is a city in Wyandotte, Leavenworth, and Johnson counties, Kansas, United States.  It is part of the Kansas City, Missouri Metro Area.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 7,837.  Bonner Springs was incorporated as a city on November 10, 1898.: 321  Bonner Springs is home to the Azura Amphitheater (previously named the Sandstone Amphitheater), the National Agricultural Center and Hall of Fame, Wyandotte County Historical Museum, and the annual Kansas City Renaissance Festival.
Chrysotoxum
The genus Chrysotoxum  (Meigen, 1803)  consists of  large, wasp-mimicking species. The adults are distinguished by very long antennae, oval abdomen with yellow stripes, and yellow patterns on the thoracic pleurae (sides of the thorax).
The species of Chrysotoxum are chiefly Holarctic in distribution.
. The species in this genus, are mostly very uniform in structure and colour and are separated with  difficulty.
Larvae are specialized in preying upon root aphids associated with ant nests.

Thorax (arthropod anatomy)
The thorax is the midsection (tagma) of the hexapod body (insects and entognathans). It holds the head, legs, wings and abdomen. It is also called mesosoma or cephalothorax in other arthropods.

It is formed by the prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax and comprises the scutellum; the cervix, a membrane that separates the head from the thorax; and the pleuron, a lateral sclerite of the thorax.

In dragonflies and damselflies, the mesothorax and metathorax are fused together to form the synthorax.

In some insect pupae, like the mosquitoes', the head and thorax can be fused in a cephalothorax.

Members of suborder Apocrita (wasps, ants and bees) in the order Hymenoptera have the first segment of the abdomen fused with the thorax, which is called the propodeum. The head is connected to the thorax by the occipital foramen, enabling a wide range of motion for the head.

In most flying insects, the thorax allows for the use of asynchronous muscles.
Nakina
Nakina can refer to:

Places

Nakina, North Carolina, United States

Nakina, Ontario, Canada
Nakina Airport
Nakina station

Nakina River, British Columbia, Canada

People

Nakina Smith (1913–1982), Canadian ice hockey player

Nakina Smith
Joseph Dalton "Nakina" Smith (July 26, 1913 – March 19, 1982) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He was born in Cache Bay, Ontario, but grew up in Nakina, Ontario.

Smith played hockey between 1933 and 1950, including ten games in the National Hockey League with the Detroit Red Wings during the 1943–44 season.
Engels (inhabited locality)
Engels (Russian: Э́нгельс) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Engels, Saratov Oblast, a city in Saratov Oblast; administratively incorporated as a city of oblast significance
Engels-2 (air base), a nearby Russian Air Force base

Rural localities

Engels, Orenburg Oblast, a settlement in Marksovsky Selsoviet of Alexandrovsky District of Orenburg Oblast

Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast (also Orenburzhye) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), mainly located in Eastern Europe, with some land in the southern and eastern portions of the oblast falling within Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast had a population of 1,862,767, down from 2,033,072 in the 2010 Census.
Kamillions
Kamillions is a 1990 film directed by Mikel B. Anderson from a story by Robert Hsi and a screenplay Anderson wrote in collaboration with Harry S. Robins. The film was re-edited by producer Teresa Woo, who later admitted she did not really understand an English language science fiction comedy, and was expecting more of an action film. The film was shot primarily in the Dunsmuir House and Gardens in Oakland, California.

In the film, a mad scientist creates a portal to another dimension and accidentally transports two other-dimensional shapeshifters to Earth. Both aliens assume human form, but they demonstrate different personality traits. The female is friendly and amorous, and proceeds to find herself a boyfriend. The male is a trickster with sadistic tendencies, hurting people for his own amusement.

Boyfriend
A boyfriend is a man who is a friend or acquaintance to the speaker, often specifying a regular male companion with whom a person is platonically, romantically or sexually involved.

A boyfriend can also be called an admirer, beau, suitor and sweetheart. The analogous term for women is "girlfriend", and analogous terms that are gender-neutral include "partner" for sexual relationships, or "friend" for friendships.
The Music Shop (TV program)
The Music Shop was a music program on NBC which premiered in 1959 in a Sunday time slot. Hosted by and starring Buddy Bregman, the show attempted to capitalize on the popularity of the related series The Dick Clark Show.

Its first show featured Bobby Darin, Ritchie Valens, The Collins Kids, Gary Crosby, and Sam Butera.

The Collins Kids
The Collins Kids were an American rockabilly duo featuring Lawrencine "Lorrie" Collins (May 7, 1942 – August 4, 2018) and her younger brother Lawrence "Larry" Collins (October 4, 1944 – January 5, 2024). Their hits in the 1950s as youngsters, such as "Hop, Skip and Jump", "Beetle Bug Bop" and "Hoy Hoy", were geared towards children, but their infectious singing and playing crossed over generations. Larry, a lightning-fingered guitar whiz at age ten, was known for playing a double-neck Mosrite guitar like his mentor, Joe Maphis.