hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eric Liu
Eric P. Liu (Chinese: 劉柏川; born 1968) is an American lawyer and CEO and co-founder of Citizen University, a non-profit organization promoting civic empowerment. Liu served as Deputy Assistant to President Bill Clinton for Domestic Policy at the White House between 1999 and 2000. He served as Speechwriter and Director of Legislative Affairs for the National Security Council at the White House from 1993 to 1994.

President Barack Obama nominated him in January 2015 to serve on the board of directors of the federal Corporation for National and Community Service and he was confirmed by the U.S. Senate; his term expired in December 2017.

United States National Security Council
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the national security council used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House, it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and composed of senior national security advisors and presidential cabinet officials.

Since its inception in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman, the function of the council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies. It also serves as the president's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. The council has subsequently played a key role in most major events in U.S. foreign policy, from the Korean War to the war on terror.
Centroid
In mathematics and physics, the centroid, also known as geometric center or center of figure, of a plane figure or solid figure is the mean position of all the points in the figure. The same definition extends to any object in -dimensional Euclidean space.

In geometry, one often assumes uniform mass density, in which case the barycenter or center of mass coincides with the centroid. Informally, it can be understood as the point at which a cutout of the shape (with uniformly distributed mass) could be perfectly balanced on the tip of a pin.

In physics, if variations in gravity are considered, then a center of gravity can be defined as the weighted mean of all points weighted by their specific weight.

In geography, the centroid of a radial projection of a region of the Earth's surface to sea level is the region's geographical center.

Position (geometry)
In geometry, a position or position vector, also known as location vector or radius vector, is a Euclidean vector that represents a point P in space. Its length represents the distance in relation to an arbitrary reference origin O, and its direction represents the angular orientation with respect to given reference axes. Usually denoted x, r, or s, it corresponds to the straight line segment from O to P.
In other words, it is the displacement or translation that maps the origin to P:

The term position vector is used mostly in the fields of differential geometry, mechanics and occasionally vector calculus.
Frequently this is used in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space, but can be easily generalized to Euclidean spaces and affine spaces of any dimension.
Sainte-Marguerite Bay
The Sainte-Marguerite Bay is a body of water located on the Saguenay River, at the confluence of the Sainte-Marguerite, in the municipality of Sacré-Cœur, in the regional county municipality (RCM) of La Haute-Côte-Nord, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada.

Sainte-Marguerite River (Sept-Îles)
The Sainte-Marguerite River (French: Rivière Sainte-Marguerite, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ sɛ̃t maʁɡəʁit]; Saint Margaret River) is a 316 kilometres (196 mi) long river in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. 
It flows into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the west of Sept-Îles.
There are traces of human activity along the river from 4,000 years ago.
Pulp and paper exploitation in the river basin began in the early 20th century, followed by mining.
The river has a large hydroelectric power dam, the Denis-Perron dam, that contains a reservoir that is 140 kilometres (87 mi) long.
Moser's trick
In differential geometry, a branch of mathematics, Moser's trick (or Moser's argument) is a method to relate two differential forms  and  on a smooth manifold by a diffeomorphism  such that , provided that one can find a family of vector fields satisfying a certain ODE.

More generally, the argument holds for a family  and produce an entire isotopy  such that .

It was originally given by Jürgen Moser in 1965 to check when two volume forms are equivalent, but its main applications are in symplectic geometry. It is the standard argument for the modern proof of Darboux's theorem, as well as for the proof of Darboux-Weinstein theorem and other normal form results.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
Vincent Grade/Acton station
Vincent Grade/Acton station is a Metrolink rail station just north of the community of Acton, California. It is served by Metrolink's Antelope Valley Line from Los Angeles Union Station to Lancaster.

Vincent Grade/Acton station is served by 22 Metrolink Antelope Valley Line trains (11 in each direction) each weekday. Weekend service consists of 12 trains (6 in each direction) on both Saturday and Sunday. On all days, trains are evenly spaced throughout the day.

The station shelters are designed to resemble Wild West-era facades.

This station predominantly serves residents of southern and eastern Palmdale, due to the station's closer proximity to these areas than the Palmdale Transportation Center in northern Palmdale.

Palmdale, California
Palmdale is a city in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city lies in the Antelope Valley of Southern California. The San Gabriel Mountains separate Palmdale from the Los Angeles Basin to the south.

On August 24, 1962, Palmdale became the first city in Antelope Valley. Forty-seven years later, in November 2009, voters approved making it a charter city. Palmdale's population was 169,450 at the 2020 census, up from 152,750 at the 2010 census. Palmdale is the 33rd most populous city in California. Together with its immediate northern neighbor, the city of Lancaster, the Palmdale–Lancaster urban area had a population of 359,559 in 2020.
1989 Champion Spark Plug 400
The 1989 Champion Spark Plug 400 was the 19th stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 20th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, August 20, 1989, before an audience of 80,000 in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace would manage to dominate a majority of the race, leading 162 laps en route to his 15th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his fifth victory of the season. To fill out the top three, RahMoc Enterprises driver Morgan Shepherd and Jackson Bros. Motorsports driver Harry Gant would finish second and third, respectively.

Harry Gant
Harold Phil Gant (born January 10, 1940) is an American former stock car racing driver best known for driving the No. 33 Skoal Bandit car on the NASCAR Winston Cup Series circuit during the 1980s and 1990s. Gant won 39 NASCAR races combined between the Cup Series and Busch Series, and had a four-race win streak on the Cup circuit in 1991. Gant had a best result of second in the points championship in 1984.

Gant holds the record for the oldest driver to win a Cup Series race (52). He was known for his many nicknames such as "Handsome Harry", "The Bandit", "High Groove Harry", "Hard Luck Harry", and "Mr. September" for his 1991 win streak.
George McAvoy (baseball)
George Robert McAvoy (March 12, 1884 – August 19, 1952) was an American Major League Baseball player who played in 1914 with the Philadelphia Phillies.

McAvoy played in 1 game, going 0-1 as a pinch hitter.  Despite his brief appearance in the Majors, he played minor league baseball from 1908 through 1922, and was primarily a second baseman. He also had some time as a player/manager in the minors from 1910-1912 and 1914.

He was born in East Liverpool, Ohio and died in Miami, Florida.

East Liverpool, Ohio
East Liverpool is a city in Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 9,958 at the 2020 census. It lies along the Ohio River at the convergence of the Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia borders, about 30 miles (48 km) from both Pittsburgh and Youngstown. The city is most notable for its pottery industry, which was at one time the largest in the US.
Wislouchia
Wislouchia is a genus of chlorophyte green algae. The name was first published in 2021, as a replacement name for Raciborskiella. As of February 2022, it was the only genus in the family Wislouchiaceae.

The genus synonym name of Raciborskiella was in honour of Marjan (Mariyan) Raciborski (1863-1917), who was a Polish botanist (Mycology,
Algology and Bryology), plant collector and Palaeontologist, Professor of Botany at Lemberg University (Ukraine) in 1909. It was named by botanist Stanislav Michailovic Wislouch (1875-1927), who the new genus is named after.

Wislouchia contains two species found in fresh or brackish water.

University of Lviv
The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, Ukrainian: Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, romanized: Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko.

The university is the oldest institution of higher learning in continuous operation in present-day Ukraine, dating from 1661 when John II Casimir, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, granted it its first royal charter. Over the centuries, it has undergone various transformations, suspensions, and name changes that have reflected the geopolitical complexities of this part of Europe. The present institution can be dated to 1940.
Girl with a Racquet
Girl with a Racquet or Girl Playing with a Racquet is an oil-on-canvas painting of a young girl holding a racquet and shuttlecock by the French artist Jean Siméon Chardin. He exhibited it at the Paris Salon of 1737 as a pendant to The House of Cards (Washington) – he also exhibited Woman Playing in a Fountain and The Laundress (Stockholm) in the same Salon. It is now in the Uffizi in Florence, whose collections it entered in 1951.

Jean Siméon Chardin
Jean Siméon Chardin (French: [ʒɑ̃ simeɔ̃ ʃaʁdɛ̃]; November 2, 1699 – December 6, 1779) was an 18th-century French painter. He is considered a master of still life, and is also noted for his genre paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities.  Carefully balanced composition, soft diffusion of light, and granular impasto characterize his work.
Daylight (magazine)
Daylight is an English-language documentary photography magazine founded in 2003 by Taj Forer and Michael Itkoff and published by the Daylight Community Arts Foundation. Released quarterly, each issue features a series of selected photographs related to the issue's theme with explanatory essays written by the photographers. The magazine is progressive in outlook and portrays the effects of larger forces and trends on individuals, communities and landscapes. The magazine is headquartered in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Since 2010 Daylight has focused on its book publishing program as well as publishing long form features online.

Taj Forer
Taj Forer (born 1981) is an American entrepreneur and visual artist. He is co-founder of Fabl, the B2B visual storytelling platform (SaaS), and Daylight, an art media publisher.

Born in New Jersey, Forer studied at Sarah Lawrence College and the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 
He is the author of two books, Threefold Sun, (2007, Edizioni Charta; Milan, Italy) and "Stone by Stone," (2011, Kehrer; Heidelberg, Germany)
Jaspers
Jaspers is a Dutch patronymic surname (Jasper's). Notable people with the surname include:

Dick Jaspers (born 1965), Dutch carom billiards player

Eddy Jaspers (born 1956), Belgian football defender

Karl Jaspers (1883–1969), German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher

Jappe Jaspers (born 1998), Belgian cyclo-cross cyclist

Jason Jaspers (born 1981), Canadian ice hockey centre

John Baptist Jaspers (died 1691), Flemish painter and tapestry designer

Martijn Jaspers (born 1987), Dutch BMX rider

Michel Jaspers (born 1935), Belgian architect

Stijn Jaspers (1961–1984), Dutch middle and long-distance runner

Yvon Jaspers (born 1973), Dutch television presenter

Jappe Jaspers
Jappe Jaspers (born (1998-09-01)1 September 1998) is a Belgian former cyclo-cross cyclist. He competed in the men's junior event at the 2016 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships  in Heusden-Zolder.

When he was 18 years old, he broke his professional contract and retired from cycling due to lack of motivation. He started an education to become a gymnastics teacher. However, after completing it, he started working out of passion as an arborist.
Gil Boyne
Mark Thomas Gilboyne (October 28, 1924 – May 5, 2010), nom de guerre Gil Boyne, was an American pioneer in modern hypnotherapy.

In addition to his own practice, his main focus was on the training of "lay" hypnotherapists in Glendale, California; and, over some 55 years, he trained thousands of hypnotherapists globally with his Transforming Therapy methods. Many of his students wrote  books and created their own hypnotherapy training centers.

Mentored by Ormond McGill — with whom he collaborated for Professional Stage Hypnotism (1977) — he championed the accessibility of hypnotherapy and consistently fought against legislative efforts worldwide to restrict hypnosis to the purely medical professions, which had largely ignored the therapeutic value of hypnosis until Boyne, Milton Erickson, and Dave Elman.

Hypnotherapy
Hypnotherapy, also known as hypnotic medicine, is the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy. Hypnosis is a state of deep focus and openness to suggestion that usually begins with relaxation and guided instructions. Some people respond more strongly than others, and researchers explain that hypnosis is not a magical trance but a form of concentrated attention and expectation (Heap & Naish, 2012). Hypnotherapy is generally not considered to be based on scientific evidence, and is rarely recommended in clinical practice guidelines. However, several psychological reviews and meta-analyses suggest that hypnotherapy can be effective as an adjunctive treatment for a number of disorders, including chronic and acute pain, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), phobias, and some eating disorders.
Lazistan Khanate
The Lazistan Khanate was a proposed buffer state suggested by the United Kingdom during the Congress of Berlin in 1878. The proposal envisioned the establishment of an autonomous or even independent state in the historical region of Lazistan. It aimed to resolve disputes regarding the status of Batum and its surrounding areas, which had been ceded to the Russian Empire after the Russo-Turkish War. The proposed state, predominantly Muslim and under international supervision, was intended to limit Russian influence along the southeastern coast of the Black Sea.
The khanate was based on the recognition of the ethnic and religious distinctiveness of the Laz Muslims. It is considered one of the earliest diplomatic examples of using "national principles" as a basis for proposing a new state. The proposal was briefly discussed in diplomatic circles but was eventually dropped without implementation.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
Fazilnagar
Pawanagar (officially known as Pawanagar) is a town and a  community development block in the Kushinagar district of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is located along NH 28, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Kushinagar International Airport. It is 55 kilometres (34 mi) from Deoria and 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Gorakhpur Airport.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Minna Nikkanen
Minna Marianne Nikkanen (born 9 April 1988) is a Finnish pole vaulter. Her personal best vault is 4.60 metres, achieved in August 2015 in Kuortane.

Nikkanen won gold medal in 2007 European Junior Championships (4.35 metres) and silver medal in 2009 European U23 Championships (4.45 metres). She competed at the World Championships in 2007 and in 2009 without reaching the final. She placed 10th in the World Championships in August 2015 with a vault which set the Finnish National Record.

Kuortane
Kuortane is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the South Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of 3,328 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 484.88 square kilometres (187.21 sq mi) of which 22.72 km2 (8.77 sq mi) is water. The population density is 7.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (19/sq mi). The neighboring municipalities of Kuortane are Alajärvi, Alavus, Lapua and Seinäjoki. The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Kuortane has a notable history of pine tar production. It is currently well known for the Kuortaneen urheilulukio, a sports institute (Olympic Training centre) and training facility overseen by the Finnish Olympic Committee where many young Finnish athletes study and train. Both the women's national under-18 ice hockey team and Team Kuortane of the Naisten Liiga are based at the institute. It is also known as the birthplace of world-famous architect Alvar Aalto.
Holmes & Yoyo
Holmes & Yoyo is an American sitcom that aired on ABC for 13 episodes during the 1976–77 season. The series follows police detective Holmes and his new android partner, Yoyo, on their misadventures investigating crimes.

Android (robot)
An android is a humanoid robot or other artificial being, often made from a flesh-like material. Historically, androids existed only in the domain of science fiction and were frequently seen in film and television, but advances in robot technology have allowed the creation of similar robots in real life.
Hunter Saw & Machine Company
The Hunter Saw & Machine Company is an historic former industrial property that is located in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is situated on  Butler Street and 57th Street, just outside of the Lawrenceville Historic District.

Lawrenceville (Pittsburgh)
Lawrenceville is one of the largest neighborhood areas in Pittsburgh in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is located northeast of downtown, and like many of the city's riverfront neighborhoods, it has an industrial past.  The city officially divides Lawrenceville into three neighborhoods, Upper Lawrenceville, Central Lawrenceville, and Lower Lawrenceville, but these distinctions have little practical effect. Accordingly, Lawrenceville is almost universally treated as a single large neighborhood.

In 2019, the Lawrenceville Historic District, which encompasses the majority of the neighborhood, was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Magnus Svensson (ice hockey, born 1963)
Magnus Svensson (born 1 March 1963) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey player. He won a gold medal with Team Sweden at the 1994 Winter Olympics. He also played 46 games in the National Hockey League with the Florida Panthers.

Ice hockey at the 1994 Winter Olympics
The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, was the 18th Olympic Championship. Sweden won its first gold medal, becoming the sixth nation to ever win Olympic ice hockey gold. The tournament, held from 12 February to 27 February, was played at Fjellhallen in Gjøvik and the Håkons Hall in Lillehammer. This was the last Olympic ice hockey competition with no women's tournament as it debuted in 1998.
2010 McDonald's Burnie International – Men's doubles
Miles Armstrong and Sadik Kadir were the defending champions, but Armstrong chose to not participate this year. Kadir partnered up with Joseph Sirianni, but they lost 7–5, 5–7, [11–13] against Rameez Junaid and Daniel King-Turner in the first round.
Matthew Ebden and Samuel Groth won the title, defeating James Lemke and Dane Propoggia 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–4), [10–8] in the final.

James Lemke (tennis)
James Lemke (born 25 January 1988) is a former Australian professional tennis player. He competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 224 on 6 June 2011, and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 293, on 10 October 2011.
The Odyssey of Flight 33
"The Odyssey of Flight 33" is episode 54 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone, the 18th episode of the second season. An unlikely break of the time barrier finds a commercial airliner sent back into the age of dinosaurs and then to New York City of 1939. The tale is a modern telling of the Flying Dutchman myth, and was written by series creator Rod Serling. It originally aired on February 24, 1961 on CBS.

Flying Dutchman
The Flying Dutchman (Dutch: De Vliegende Hollander) is a legendary ghost ship, allegedly never able to make port and doomed to sail the sea forever. The myths and ghost stories are likely to have originated from the 17th-century Golden Age of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and of Dutch maritime power. The oldest known extant version of the legend dates from the late 18th century. According to the legend, if hailed by another ship, the crew of the Flying Dutchman might try to send messages to land, or to people long dead. Reported sightings in the 19th and 20th centuries claimed that the ship glowed with a ghostly light. In ocean lore, the sight of this phantom ship functions as a portent of doom. It was commonly believed that the Flying Dutchman was a 17th-century cargo vessel known as a fluyt.