hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gavin Shephard
Gavin Francis Shephard (born 20 August 1971) is an English cricketer.  Shephard is a right-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace.  He was born at Birmingham, Warwickshire.

Shephard made his debut for Herefordshire in the 1995 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cumberland.  He played a second and final Trophy match for the county in 1997 against Cornwall. He also played a single Minor Counties Championship match for the county against Oxfordshire in 1997.

Shephard later represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in 2 List A matches against the Leicestershire Cricket Board and Lancashire in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 2 List A matches, he scored 88, although with 2 not out innings, he is without a batting average.  His List A high score was 73*.  In the field he took 2 catches. His twin brother, Stuart, played first-class cricket

Leicestershire Cricket Board
The Leicestershire & Rutland Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic counties of Leicestershire and Rutland.

From 1999 to 2003, the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament under the name of the Leicestershire Cricket Board, matches which had List-A status.
Xenodevriesia
Xenodevriesia strelitziicola is a pathogenic ascomycete fungus in the class Dothideomycetes that infects the South African plant Strelitzia. It is the only species of the monotypic genus Xenodevriesia and family Xenodevriesiaceae.

Hilum (biology)
In botany, a hilum (pronounced /ˈhaɪləm/) is a scar or mark left on a seed coat by the former attachment to the ovary wall or to the funiculus (which in turn attaches to the ovary wall). It is commonly known as the "eye" in some bean and pea species.

For some species of fungus, the hilum is the microscopic indentation left on a spore when it separates from the sterigma of the basidium.

A hilum can also refer to the point around which layers of starch are deposited in a starch granule. This point may be located either at the center or to the side of the granule.

The adjectival form hilar denotes the presence of such a mark, and for some species it can be used as a distinguishing characteristic.
Fellhanera baeomycoides
Fellhanera baeomycoides is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling) lichen in the family Ectolechiaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by the lichenologists Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the authors along a trail near a field station in the Adolfo Ducke Forest Reserve (Manaus); here it was found growing on the ground in an open area of an old-growth rainforest. The lichen has a granular, grayish-green thallus that lacks a cortex and a prothallus. The species epithet refers to the way the stipitate apothecia resemble those in genus Baeomyces.

André Aptroot
André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. His primary research focus is on biodiversity, particularly tropical lichens, encompassing systematics, floristic surveys, and taxonomic reviews. A prolific researcher, he has published more than 500 scientific papers and described hundreds of new fungal and lichen species.
Triple step (music)
Triple step, in music, represents a rhythmic pattern covering three dance steps done on music.

1977, British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac's released single, "Don't Stop", penned by musician and keyboardist Christine McVie from their Rumours album integrated rhythms influenced by triple step dance rhythmic patterns incorporated into the song featuring both traditional acoustic and tack piano, the second of these instrumental sounds achieved by affixing nails to the hammers' striking points on the strings, resulting in a more percussive sound.

Don't Stop (Fleetwood Mac song)
"Don't Stop" is a song by the British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac, written by Christine McVie. The song was sung by Lindsey Buckingham and McVie, and was released as a single from the band's album Rumours (1977).

One of the band's most enduring hits, "Don't Stop" was released as the second single from Rumours in the United Kingdom in April 1977, peaking at No. 32, while in the US it followed "Dreams" as the third single from the album in June, eventually peaking at No. 3 at Billboard Hot 100 in September.
Turán number
In mathematics, the Turán number  for -uniform hypergraphs of order  is the smallest number of -edges such that every induced subgraph on  vertices contains an edge. This number was determined for  by Turán (1941), and the problem for general  was introduced in Turán (1961). The paper (Sidorenko 1995) gives a survey of Turán numbers.

Discrete Mathematics (journal)
Discrete Mathematics is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal in the broad area of discrete mathematics, combinatorics, graph theory, and their applications. It was established in 1971 and is published by North-Holland Publishing Company. It publishes both short notes, full length contributions, as well as survey articles. In addition, the journal publishes a number of special issues each year dedicated to a particular topic. Although originally it published articles in French and German, it now allows only English language articles. The editor-in-chief is Douglas West (University of Illinois, Urbana).
Charles Henry Mills
Charles Henry Mills (January 29, 1873 – July 23, 1937) was an English-American composer and director of the University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Music.

He was born in Nottingham, England and attended the Guildhall School of Music in London. Mills received a B.Mus. degree from the University of Edinburgh in 1904. He accepted a position as professor at Syracuse University in 1907. In 1908, he married Caroline Louise Bell Miller. In the same year, he became professor of music at the University of Illinois. In 1911, he received a D.Mus. in music from McGill University. From 1914 to 1937, Mills served as professor of music and director for the School of Music at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The Mills Music Library at the University was named in his honour.

He died in Madison.

Bachelor of Music
A Bachelor of Music (BMus; sometimes conferred as Bachelor of Musical Arts) is an academic degree awarded by a college, university, or conservatory upon completion of a program of study in music. The degree may be awarded for performance, music education, composition, music theory, musicology / music history (musicology degrees may be a Bachelor of Arts rather than a Bachelor of Music), music technology, music therapy, sacred music, music business/music industry, entertainment, music production, or jazz studies. Since the 2010s, some universities have begun offering degrees in music composition with technology, which include traditional theory and musicology courses and sound recording and composition courses using digital technologies.
Nižná Hutka
Nižná Hutka (Hungarian: Alsóhutka) is a village and municipality in Košice-okolie District in the Kosice Region of eastern Slovakia. One of the two consulates of the Seychelles in Slovakia is located in Nižná Hutka.

Košice-okolie District
Košice–okolie District (okres Košice–okolie; Hungarian: Kassa-vidéki járás, lit. 'Košice-Surroundings') is a district in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia. It surrounds the city of Košice, which serves as the district seat although it does not belong to the district.
Mario Tičinović
Mario Tičinović (born 20 August 1991) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a winger for HNL club Vukovar 1991.

He has amassed a total 44 youth caps for Croatia under six different age groups.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Ram Bahadur Bohara
Ram Bahadur Bohara (Nepali: रामबहादुर बोहोरा) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election he was elected from the Dolpa-1 constituency, winning 9723 votes.

2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), placed first in the election with 220 out of 575 elected seats, and became the largest party in the Constituent Assembly. It was followed by the Nepali Congress with 110 seats and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) with 103 seats. After months of power-sharing discussions and deliberations, CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected as Prime Minister in August 2008. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on 28 May 2012 after its original and extended total tenure of 4 years.
Warren Thompson (rugby league)
Warren Thompson (born October 24, 1990) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a prop or second row forward for the North Wales Crusaders in League 1. 
He was previously with St Helens and Rochdale Hornets.

He signed for the club from Thatto Heath Crusaders.

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
WBUT
WBUT (1050 AM) is a commercial radio station, licensed to Butler, Pennsylvania, in the northern suburbs of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. It is owned by St. Barnabas Broadcasting, a division of the Saint Barnabas Health System, along with its sister stations WJAS, WBVP, WMBA, WISR and WLER-FM.

WBUT carries a classic country radio format, along with local news, sports and weather. WBUT is a MRN and PRN affiliate carrying NASCAR, a Penn State Football Network affiliate, and also carries Butler Area Senior High School football and basketball games. The studios and offices are at 252 Pillow Street.

By day, WBUT transmits with 500 watts. As 1050 AM is a clear channel frequency, the station must reduce power at night to 62 watts to avoid interference. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator W247DF at 97.3 MHz. WBUT also streams via the TuneIn app.

WJAS
WJAS (1320 AM) is a commercial radio station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with a talk radio format. It is owned by St. Barnabas Broadcasting, a division of the Saint Barnabas Health System, with studios and offices on Fleet Street in Green Tree.

The station's transmitter site is off Highland Drive in the Lincoln–Lemington–Belmar neighborhood of Pittsburgh. WJAS broadcasts with 7,000 watts non-directional by day. At night, to avoid interfering with other stations on 1320 AM, it reduces power to 3,300 watts and uses a directional antenna.  Programming is also heard on 99-watt FM translator W236DE at 99.1 MHz.
Shang-a-Lang (TV series)
Shang-a-Lang was a children's pop music TV series starring the Scottish band, the Bay City Rollers. It was produced in Manchester by Granada Television for the ITV network and ran for one 20-week series in 1975.

It featured the band in comedy sketches and performing their songs to a live studio audience made up of their teenage fans. This resulted in chaotic scenes at times as some members of the audience attempted to run onto the studio floor to meet their heroes, resulting in security officers having to forcibly restrain or even eject them from the studio.

Guest stars performing their latest releases and hits included Cliff Richard, Marc Bolan, Lynsey de Paul, Lulu, David Cassidy, Linda Lewis, Gary Glitter, Olivia Newton-John, Slade, Sparks, Alvin Stardust, Showaddywaddy, The Rubettes, Alan Price and Gilbert O'Sullivan and The Marionettes.

The show's theme song "Shang-a-Lang", was a hit single for the group, peaking at number 2 in 1974 in the UK Singles Chart.

Linda Lewis
Linda Ann Fredericks (27 September 1950 – 3 May 2023), better known as Linda Lewis, was an English singer, songwriter and musician. She is best known for the singles "Rock-a-Doodle-Doo" (1973) and her version of Betty Everett's "The Shoop Shoop Song" (1975). Her discography includes solo albums, Lark (1972), Not a Little Girl Anymore (1975), Woman Overboard (1977), and the later Second Nature (1995), which became successful in countries such as Japan. Lewis also provided backing vocals for other artists, including David Bowie, Al Kooper, Cat Stevens, Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, Rick Wakeman, Rod Stewart, Stomu Yamashta, Peter Bardens, Hummingbird, Joan Armatrading and Jamiroquai.

She was the eldest of six children, three of whom also had singing careers. Lewis was a self-taught guitarist and keyboard player, influenced by Harry Nilsson, Billie Holiday and Smokey Robinson, also drawing inspiration from others such as Joni Mitchell. Her music blended folk, funk and soul.
Procedural texture
In computer graphics, a procedural texture is a texture created using a mathematical description (i.e. an algorithm) rather than directly stored data. The advantage of this approach is low storage cost, unlimited texture resolution and easy texture mapping. These kinds of textures are often used to model surface or volumetric representations of natural elements such as wood, marble, granite, metal, stone, and others.

Usually, the natural look of the rendered result is achieved by the usage of fractal noise and turbulence functions. These functions are used as a numerical representation of the "randomness" found in nature.

Pink noise
Pink noise, 1⁄f noise, fractional noise or fractal noise is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density (power per frequency interval) is inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal. In pink noise, each octave interval (halving or doubling in frequency) carries an equal amount of noise energy.

Pink noise sounds like a waterfall. It is often used to tune loudspeaker systems in professional audio. Pink noise is one of the most commonly observed signals in biological systems.

The name arises from the pink appearance of visible light with this power spectrum. This is in contrast with white noise which has equal intensity per frequency interval.
Nine (TV series)
Nine (Korean: 나인: 아홉 번의 시간여행; RR: Nain: ahop beonui siganyeohaeng; lit. 'Nine: Nine Time Travels') is a 2013 South Korean television series starring Lee Jin-wook and Jo Yoon-hee. It aired on tvN from March 11 to May 14, 2013, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 23:00 (KST) for 20 episodes.

According to a news article released by Deadline Hollywood on October 25, 2013, an American remake of this series was put into development by ABC; however, it was never produced.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Sidewalk Film Festival
The Sidewalk Film Festival is an annual film festival taking place during the last weekend in August in the Theatre District of Birmingham, Alabama, since 1999. The festival typically screens at seven venues located within downtown Birmingham, featuring the restored Alabama Theatre, a 2,200 seat movie palace built by Paramount in 1927, and multiple screening rooms in the Alabama School of Fine Arts.

In 2006, the Sidewalk Moving Picture Festival recognized writer/director John Sayles and producer Maggie Renzi for their more than two decades of collaboration in independent film, which includes such acclaimed indie classics as The Brother From Another Planet, Passion Fish, Lone Star, and the Sidewalk 2004 Opening Night Film, Silver City.

In 2005, Sidewalk honored actor John C. Reilly with the inaugural Spirit of Sidewalk award.

The Brother from Another Planet
The Brother from Another Planet is a 1984 low-budget American science fiction film, with a legacy as a cult classic, written and directed by John Sayles.

The film stars Joe Morton as an escaped extraterrestrial slave trying to find a new life on Earth. Due to an error in proper copyright protocols, the film became part of the public domain during its original release.

The film was a moderate financial success, and critical reviews were largely positive. Morton's performance as The Brother was acclaimed, as he had no lines of dialogue and had to communicate entirely through facial expressions and body language.
Keeper of the Queen's Swans
The Keeper of the King's/Queen's Swans was a late medieval-founded office in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of England, later Great Britain and ultimately the United Kingdom. He was earlier called the King's/Queen's Swanmaster. The office existed to perform Swan-Upping marking and health-checking carried out using Thames skiffs on many of the non-tidal reaches of the River Thames in latter years from Sunbury-on-Thames passing Windsor, Berkshire to Henley on Thames. In 1993 it was replaced by two separate offices: Warden of the Swans and Marker of the Swans.

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Third Battle of Oituz
The Third Battle of Oituz was a confrontation between Romanian and, to a lesser extent, Russian forces on one side and German and Austro-Hungarian forces on the other, during the Romanian Campaign of World War I. The battle took place primarily in the Oituz valley on the border between Hungary and Romania, from 8 to 22 August 1917.

Oituz (river)
The Oituz (Hungarian: Ojtoz) is a right tributary of the river Trotuș in Romania. It discharges into the Trotuș in Onești. The following towns and villages are situated along the river Oituz, from source to mouth: Oituz (CV), Poiana Sărată, Oituz (BC), Bogdănești and Onești. Its length is 62 km (39 mi) and its basin size is 337 km2 (130 sq mi).
Bronx Terminal Market
Bronx Terminal Market, also known as Gateway Center at Bronx Terminal Market, is a shopping mall along the Major Deegan Expressway in Concourse, Bronx, New York. The center encompasses just under one million square feet of retail space built on a 17-acre (69,000 m2) site that formerly held a wholesale fruit and vegetable market (also named the Bronx Terminal Market) as well as the former Bronx House of Detention for Men, south of Yankee Stadium.

The US$500 million shopping center, which was completed in 2009, saw the construction of new buildings and two smaller buildings, one new and the other a renovation of an existing building that was part of the original market. The two main buildings are linked by a six-level garage for 2,600 cars. The center's design has earned a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Silver award.

Bx6 bus
The Bx6 is a public transit line in New York City running along the 163rd Street Crosstown Line, within the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx.

In 1948, the streetcar route was converted into a bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority under the subsidiary Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA), and initially designated as the Bx34. During the late 20th century, the Bx34 and another bus route named the Bx15A would be both renumbered the Bx6. The bus line became the third bus rapid transit route to enter service in the Bronx in 2017, when the Bx6 Select Bus Service (SBS) was split from the Bx6 Local.
2024 Australian Individual Speedway Championship
The 2024 Australian Individual Speedway Championship was a motorcycle speedway competition organised by Motorcycling Australia (MA) for the Australian Individual Speedway Championship. The event was held over five rounds.

Rohan Tungate won his second Australian title.

Motorcycling Australia
Motorcycling Australia is the governing body for motorcycle racing in Australia, covering road racing, motocross, trials, supercross, dirt track, supermoto and speedway. Motorcycling Australia is affiliated with the international governing body, Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), based in Geneva, Switzerland.

The body oversees state governing bodies Motorcycling New South Wales, Motorcycling Victoria, Motorcycling Queensland, Motorcycling South Australia, Motorcycling Western Australia, Motorcycling Tasmania and Motorcycling Northern Territory.

Originally formed in 1928 as the Auto Cycle Council of Australia (ACCA), the name changed to Motorcycling Australia in 1992. Today, the organisation has in excess of 21,000 competitors, more than 350 affiliated clubs, and over 3000 registered officials.
Brigitte Young
Brigitte Young (born 26 May 1946 in Groß Sankt Florian, Austria), is Professor Emeritus of International political economy at the Institute of Political Science, University of Münster, Germany. Her research  areas include  economic  globalization,  global governance, feminist economics, international trade, global financial market governance and monetary policy. She has worked on EU-US financial regulatory frameworks, European economic and monetary integration and heterodox economic theories. She is the author of many journal articles and books in English and German on the 2008 financial crisis, the subprime mortgage crisis, the euro area crisis, including the role of Germany and France.

Heterodox economics
Heterodox economics is a broad, relative term referring to schools of economic thought which are not commonly perceived as belonging to mainstream economics. There is no absolute definition of what constitutes heterodox economic thought, as it is defined in contrast to the most prominent, influential or popular schools of thought in a given time and place.

Groups typically classed as heterodox in current discourse include the Austrian, ecological, Marxist-historical, post-Keynesian, and modern monetary approaches.

Four frames of analysis have been highlighted for their importance to heterodox thought: history, natural systems, uncertainty, and power.

Economist Frederic S. Lee, in 2007 believed 5 to 10 percent of the American economists were heterodox, from both left and right-wing schools.