hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Rankin (Australian politician)
Robert Chisholm Rankin (18 September 1896 – 28 May 1955) was an Australian politician.

Born in Malvern to Indian-born bootmaker William Rankin and Elizabeth Chisholm, he served in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, attaining the rank of captain. He married Ethel Josephine Bennetts around 1918. Returning from the war, he farmed at Harrow and then at Horsham; he was a life member of the Returned and Services League. In 1940 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Western Province, representing the Country Party. He left the Country Party in 1947 and in 1948 joined the Liberal Party. He was defeated in 1952. Rankin died in Toorak in 1955.

Victorian Liberal Party
The Victorian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division), and branded as Liberal Victoria, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Victoria. It was formed in 1949 as the Liberal and Country Party (LCP) and simplified its name to the Liberal Party in 1965. The party sits on the centre-right to right-wing of the Australian political spectrum, and is currently led by Jess Wilson.

There was a previous Victorian division of the Liberal Party formed in March 1945, but it ceased to exist when the LCP was established four years later.
Pete Spratt
Pete Spratt (born January 9, 1971) is an American former professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 1999, Spratt has formerly competed for the UFC, the MFC, Legacy FC, Strikeforce, HDNet Fights, and Shark Fights.

Strikeforce (mixed martial arts)
Strikeforce was an American mixed martial arts and kickboxing organization based in San Jose, California, that operated from 1985 to 2013. It was headed by CEO Scott Coker.

Its live events and competitions have been shown on CBS, debuting on November 7, 2009, and Showtime in the United States. Internationally, Strikeforce events have been broadcast Super Channel in Canada, Primetime in the United Kingdom, SKY PerfecTV! in Japan, HBO Plus in Brazil, Space in Latin America and the Caribbean, and on the American Forces Network.

In early 2011, Strikeforce was purchased by American Ultimate Fighting Championship owner Zuffa LLC, which eventually closed the promotion and brought the remaining fighter contracts into the UFC roster.
Transition (music)
A transition is a passage of music composed to link one section of music to another. Transitions often function as a moment of transformation and may, or may not in themselves, introduce new, musical material.

Often in music, the transition is the middle section or formal function, while the main theme is the beginning, and the subordinate theme is the ending. It may traditionally be a part of the sonata form's exposition in which the composer modulates from the key of the first subject to the key of the second, though many Classical era works move straight from first to second subject groups without any transition.

For example, transition may be defined as different from a subordinate theme (rondo form) or a developmental core.

In sonata form, a retransition (the transition to the recapitulation) is the last part of the development section which prepares for the return of the first subject group in the tonic, most often through a grand prolongation of the dominant seventh.

Exposition (music)
In musical form and analysis, exposition is the initial presentation of the thematic material of a musical composition, movement, or section. The use of the term generally implies that the material will be developed or varied.

In sonata form, the exposition is "the first major section, incorporating at least one important modulation to the dominant or other secondary key and presenting the principal thematic material."

In a fugue, the exposition is "the statement of the subject in imitation by the several voices; especially the first such statement, with which the fugue begins."
Stephen Lecce
Stephen Francis Lecce ECO MPP (Italian: [ˈlettʃe]; born November 26, 1986) is a Canadian politician and Ontario's current minister of Energy and Mines. Lecce served as the Ontario Minister of Education from 2019 to 2024. A member of the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party, Lecce is the member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) for King—Vaughan, representing the riding in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since his election in 2018. Before running for office, Lecce worked in the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) as the director of media relations during Stephen Harper's tenure.

2018 Ontario general election
General elections were held on June 7, 2018, to elect the 124 members of the 42nd Parliament of Ontario. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, won 76 of the 124 seats in the legislature and formed a majority government. The Ontario New Democratic Party, led by Andrea Horwath, formed the Official Opposition. The Ontario Liberal Party, led by incumbent Premier Kathleen Wynne, lost official party status in recording both the worst result in the party's 161-year history and the worst result for any incumbent governing party in Ontario. The Green Party of Ontario won a seat for the first time in their history, while the Trillium Party of Ontario lost its single seat gained by a floor-crossing during the 41st Parliament.
Quantum Markov semigroup
In quantum mechanics, a quantum Markov semigroup describes the dynamics in a Markovian open quantum system. The axiomatic definition of the prototype of quantum Markov semigroups was first introduced by A. M. Kossakowski in 1972, and then developed by V. Gorini, A. M. Kossakowski, E. C. G. Sudarshan and Göran Lindblad in 1976.

Markov property
In probability theory and statistics, the term Markov property refers to the memoryless property of a stochastic process, which means that its future evolution is independent of its history. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov. The term strong Markov property is similar to the Markov property, except that the meaning of "present" is defined in terms of a random variable known as a stopping time.

The term Markov assumption is used to describe a model where the Markov property is assumed to hold, such as a hidden Markov model.

A Markov random field extends this property to two or more dimensions or to random variables defined for an interconnected network of items. An example of a model for such a field is the Ising model.

A discrete-time stochastic process satisfying the Markov property is known as a Markov chain.
Paul Linger
Paul Linger (20 December 1974 – 1 October 2021) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League as a midfielder for Charlton Athletic, Leyton Orient and Brighton & Hove Albion. He went on to play non-League football for clubs including Welling United, Billericay Town,
Braintree Town, Purfleet/Thurrock,
East Thurrock United,
Wingate and Finchley,
Chelmsford City,
Redbridge, 
and Dover Athletic.

Linger represented the United Kingdom at the 2005 Maccabiah Games.

On 1 October 2021, Linger died of pancreatic cancer at the age of 46. He was diagnosed with the disease earlier in the year.

2005 Maccabiah Games
The 17th Maccabiah Games (Hebrew: המכביה ה-17 ישראל תשס"ה), held in Israel, were an incarnation of the 'Jewish Olympics.' They attracted the largest attendance of any Maccabiah Games, including more than 900 representatives from the United States, almost 500 from Australia, and more than 2,000 from Israel, bringing the total participants to more than 7,700 from 55 countries.

Israel ended the games at the top of the medal count with 228 gold medals.  The United States was second with 71 gold medals, while Russia came in third with 15.
Charissa obscurata
Charissa obscurata, the annulet or Scotch annulet, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.  It is found in most of Europe including the European part of Russia and in Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Armenia and Azerbaijan. In the mountains it rises up to 1800 meters.  The habitat is rocky dry grasslands, boulder corridors, quarries as well as rocky steppe heaths and wine-growing areas.

The wingspan is 27–32 mm. The circular O marks on all four wings are typical but may be vague. The forewings have strongly toothed lines, whose which continue on the hindwings. The margin of the large hindwing is very heavily ruffled and incised, which differ from other species of Charissa moths.
 The larva is smooth and grey-brown.

Adults are on wing from July to August.

The larvae feed on various herbaceous plants, including Calluna species, Viscaria vulgaris, Sedum telephium and Rubus species.

Calluna
Calluna vulgaris, common heather, ling, or simply heather, is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the flowering plant family Ericaceae. It is a low-growing evergreen shrub growing to 20 to 50 centimetres (8 to 20 in) tall, or rarely to 1 metre (40 in) and taller, and is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on acidic soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade.

It is the dominant plant in most heathland and moorland in Europe, and in some bog vegetation and acidic pine and oak woodland.  It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning, and is often managed in nature reserves and grouse moors by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning.
Color rendering
The color rendering of a light source refers to its ability to reveal the colors of various objects faithfully (i.e. to produce illuminant metamerism) in comparison with an ideal or natural light source. Light sources with good color rendering are desirable in color-critical applications such as neonatal care and art restoration. It is defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) as follows:

Effect of an illuminant on the color appearance of objects by conscious or subconscious comparison with their color appearance under a reference illuminant.

Neonatal nursing
Neonatal nursing is a sub-specialty of nursing care for newborn infants up to 28 days after birth. The term neonatal comes from neo "new" and "natal" pertaining to birth or origin. Neonatal nursing requires a high degree of skill dedication and emotional strength as they care for newborn infants with a range of problems. These problems vary between prematurity, birth defects, infection, cardiac malformations and surgical issues. Neonatal nurses are a vital part of the neonatal care team and are required to know basic newborn resuscitation, be able to control the newborn's temperature, and know how to initiate cardiopulmonary and pulse oximetry monitoring. Most neonatal nurses care for infants from the time of birth until they are discharged from the hospital.
Man Lok Leung
Hugo Leung Man Lok (Chinese: 梁文洛; born 29 March 1999) is a Hong Kong professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He made his PDC World Darts Championship debut at the 2024 event, where he reached the second round. He has represented Hong Kong at the PDC World Cup of Darts, reaching the quarter-finals of the tournament in 2025 with teammate Lok Yin Lee. He has won six PDC Asian Tour titles, including three in 2023. Leung also competes in soft-tip darts events in Asia. He was a semi-finalist at the 2025 edition of soft-tip tournament Super Darts.

Professional Darts Corporation
The Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) is a professional darts organisation in the United Kingdom, established in 1992 when a group of leading players split from the British Darts Organisation (BDO) to form what was initially called the World Darts Council (WDC). Sports promoter Eddie Hearn is the PDC chairman.

The PDC developed and holds several competitions, including the annual PDC World Darts Championship, the World Matchplay, World Grand Prix, UK Open, Premier League, and Grand Slam. It also runs its own world rankings based on players' performances.
Planigon
In geometry, a planigon is a convex polygon that can fill the plane with only copies of itself (isotopic to the fundamental units of monohedral tessellations). In the Euclidean plane there are 3 regular planigons; equilateral triangle, squares, and regular hexagons; and 8 semiregular planigons; and 4 demiregular planigons which can tile the plane only with other planigons.

All angles of a planigon are whole divisors of 360°. Tilings are made by edge-to-edge connections by perpendicular bisectors of the edges of the original uniform lattice, or centroids along common edges (they coincide).

Tilings made from planigons can be seen as dual tilings to the regular, semiregular, and demiregular tilings of the plane by regular polygons.

Hexagon
In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek ἕξ, hex, meaning "six", and γωνία, gonía, meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon. The total of the internal angles of any simple (non-self-intersecting) hexagon is 720°.
Peter Gano House
The Peter Gano House is a historic three-story house in Avalon, California. It was built in 1888-1890 by Peter Gano, a civil engineer, and designed in the Queen Anne style, with a cupola. It was purchased by Joshua Reed Giddings in 1921, followed by John Smith in 1961. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since September 15, 1983. It remains a private house.

Avalon, California
Avalon is the only incorporated city on Santa Catalina Island, in the California Channel Islands, and the southernmost city in Los Angeles County. The city is a resort community with the waterfront dominated by tourism-oriented businesses. The older parts of the city on the valley floor consist primarily of small houses and two and three-story buildings in various traditional architectural styles.

In 1919, William Wrigley Jr. gained control of Avalon and oversaw much of its development, including the construction of the landmark Catalina Casino. From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, several different developers tried to develop Avalon into a resort destination community, but most before Wrigley went bankrupt.

The population was 3,460 at the 2020 census. Avalon attracts about 1 million visitors a year and is frequently visited by cruise ships. Before European colonization, the island was inhabited by the Tongva people.
36th Annie Awards
The 36th Annual Annie Awards, honoring the best in animation for 2008, were held on January 30, 2009, at Royce Hall in Los Angeles, California. Below is a list of announced nominees. Kung Fu Panda received the most awards with 10, winning nearly all of its nominations, albeit amid controversy.

Ari Folman
Ari Folman (Hebrew: ארי פולמן; born December 17, 1962) is an Israeli film director, screenwriter,  and film-score composer. He directed the Oscar-nominated animated documentary film Waltz with Bashir (2008) and the live-action/animated film The Congress. He is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Transportation in Metro Cebu
Transportation within Cebu City is mainly land-based with most parts of the city accessible by road. There is no existing mass transit but construction is currently being undertaken on the Cebu Bus Rapid Transit System as well as an existing proposal for a Cebu Monorail, both of which will be crucial in solving the city's worsening traffic congestion, as existing transportation modes will soon become insufficient to move residents around the city if the local government fails to urgently implement infrastructure projects and measures to address the issue.

Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board
The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB; Filipino: Lupon sa Prangkisa at Pamamahala ng Transportasyong Panlupa) is an agency of the Republic of the Philippines under the Department of Transportation (DOTr). The LTFRB was established on June 19, 1987, during the former president Corazon Aquino’s administration.

The LTFRB is responsible for promulgating, administering, enforcing, and monitoring compliance of policies, laws, and regulations of public land transportation services. The agency is in charge of granting franchises or accreditations and regulating public vehicles such as Public Utility Buses (PUBs), Mini-buses, Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJs), Utility Vehicle (UV) Express Services, Filcab service, school services, taxies, Transportation Network Vehicle Services (TNVS), Tourist Transport Services, and For Hire Cargo vehicles except tricycles, pedicabs, and habal-habals.
Married by America
Married by America is an American reality television series broadcast by the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox). The series premiered on March 3, 2003, and its eighth and final episode aired on April 14, 2003. American DJ Sean Valentine hosted the series. It was produced by the production company Rocket Science Laboratories (Joe Millionaire, Temptation Island).

In 2005, Married by America was one of several television programs cited in a class-action lawsuit filed by the Writers Guild of America concerning labor law violations.

Rocket Science Laboratories
Rocket Science Laboratories was an American television production company, best known for creating reality television titles throughout the 2000s. The company was founded by Jean-Michel Michenaud and Chris Cowan, both former employees of ZMC Productions; the two acquired ownership of ZMC Productions in 1998 and renamed it Rocket Science Laboratories. The company initially produced television documentaries, before shifting its focus to reality television programming with 2000's Surprise Wedding for the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox). This special resulted in a close working relationship between the companies, in which Rocket Science Laboratories signed an exclusive deal to develop projects for Fox. Rocket Science Laboratories produced several successful titles, including Temptation Island, Joe Millionaire, and My Big Fat Obnoxious Fiance.
Polessky State University
Polessky State University (Belarusian: Палескі дзяржаўны універсітэт, ПалесДУ; Russian: Полесский государственный университет, ПолесГУ) is a public university located in Pinsk, Brest Voblast, Belarus. The university was established in 2006. The university offers both undergraduate and post-graduate degree courses.

Brest region
Brest region, also known as Brest oblast or Brest voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Brest. Other major cities in the region include Baranavichy, and Pinsk. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,308,569.
1948 Luxembourg general election
Partial general elections were held in Luxembourg on 6 June 1948, electing 26 of the 51 seats in the Chamber of Deputies in the centre and north of the country. The Christian Social People's Party won 9 of the 26 seats, reducing its total number of seats from 25 to 22.

Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)
The Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourgish: Chamber vun den Deputéierten or simply D'Chamber, French: Chambre des Députés, German: Abgeordnetenkammer), abbreviated to the Chamber, is the unicameral national legislature of Luxembourg. The metonym Krautmaart (French: Marché aux herbes, English: "Herb Market") is sometimes used for the Chamber, after the square on which the Hôtel de la Chambre is located.

The Chamber is made up of 60 seats. Deputies are elected to serve five-year terms by proportional representation in four multi-seat constituencies. Voters may vote for as many candidates as the constituency elects deputies.
Thermphos International
The Thermphos International B.V. was a venture of the chemical industry, which produced phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus compounds. In 2005, it earned about 550 Million Euros and employed about 1200 people. It was Europe's only producer of elemental phosphorus. The company was also involved in recycling phosphorus. It used to be a former affiliate of the German chemicals company Hoechst AG and was taken over in 2003 by a group of private investors, led by the Italian-Israeli businessman Nahum Galmor.

Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, the chemical industry converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into commodity chemicals for industrial and consumer products. It includes industries for petrochemicals such as polymers for plastics and synthetic fibers; inorganic chemicals such as acids and alkalis; agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides; and other categories such as industrial gases, speciality chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Various professionals are involved in the chemical industry including chemical engineers, chemists and lab technicians.
Jeevana Jyothi (1987 film)
Jeevana Jyothi (pronunciationⓘ transl. Light of life) is a 1987 Indian Kannada-language drama film, directed by P. Vasu and produced by Vijaya Shankar Bhat. The film stars Vishnuvardhan and Ambika in the lead roles. Srinivasa Murthy, Sridhar and Nalini appear in supporting roles. The film has musical score by Vijay Anand. The film was dubbed into Malayalam, with the title Samarppanam.

P. Vasu
Vasudevan Peethambaram (born 15 September 1954), known professionally as P. Vasu, is an Indian film director, screenwriter and actor who works predominantly in Tamil and Kannada films, apart from a few Telugu, Hindi, and Malayalam language films. In a career spanning three decades, Vasu has directed over 65 films to his credit.
Lateral movement (cybersecurity)
Lateral movement refers to the techniques that cyber attackers, or threat actors, use to move progressively through a network in search of key data and assets that are the ultimate targets of their campaigns. The development of more sophisticated attack sequences has enabled threat actors to refine their strategies and better evade detection than in the past; however, much like planning a heist, cyber defenders have also learned to use lateral movement to identify attackers' locations within a network and respond more effectively to ongoing threats.

Lateral movement is a part of the ATT&CK framework within the 14 categories of Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures.

ATT&CK
The Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK) is a guideline for classifying and describing cyberattacks and intrusions. It was created by the Mitre Corporation and released in 2013.

Rather than examining the results of an attack (also known as indicators of compromise (IoCs)), it identifies tactics that indicate an attack is in progress. Tactics are the “why” of an attack technique.

The framework consists of 14 tactic categories, which encompass the "technical objectives" of an adversary. Examples include privilege escalation and command and control. These categories are then broken down further into specific techniques and sub-techniques.

The framework is an alternative to the cyber kill chain developed by Lockheed Martin.