hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zinc gluconate
Zinc gluconate is the zinc salt of gluconic acid.  It is an ionic compound consisting of two anions of gluconate for each zinc(II) cation. Zinc gluconate is a popular form for the delivery of zinc as a dietary supplement providing 14.35% elemental zinc by weight.

Gluconic acid is found naturally, and is industrially made by the fermentation of glucose, typically by Aspergillus niger, but also by other fungi, e.g. Penicillium, or by bacteria, e.g. Acetobacter, Pseudomonas and Gluconobacter. In its pure form, it is a white to off-white powder. It can also be made by electrolytic oxidation, although this is a more expensive process. The advantages are a lower microbiological profile, and a more complete reaction, yielding a product with a longer shelf life.

Penicillium
Penicillium (/ˌpɛnɪˈsɪliəm/) is a genus of  ascomycetous fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production.

Some members of the genus produce penicillin, a molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria. Other species are used in cheesemaking. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the widespread genus contains over 300 species.
Bolków, Łódź Voivodeship
Bolków [ˈbɔlkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrówek, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south of Ostrówek, 12 km (7 mi) north of Wieluń, and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.
Gehyra pulingka
Gehyra pulingka (occasionally referred to as the rock-dwelling dtella, and more rarely the Umuwa spotted dtella) is a species of gecko endemic to Australia. It occurs in north-west South Australia, the mid Northern Territory, and Western Australia to the eastern Rawlinson Ranges. It is described as being generally dark-skinned with a pattern of light and dark markings over its body; however, light-skinned variants with similar patterns have been found.

Purli Yurliya
Purli Yurliya or Rawlinson Ranges is a mountain range in the far east of central Western Australia, to the west of the Petermann Ranges, with which it is commonly associated. Both features were given their European names by Ernest Giles, the first European explorer to visit the area.

The range runs roughly east from Lake Christopher for approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi). The Giles Weather Station is located a few kilometres further east.

The area has been considered a possible site of the fabled Lasseter's Reef.
Les Meade
Edward Leslie "Les" Meade (4 November 1904 – 9 November 1989) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne and Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Born in Terang, Les Meade was the third child of Edward Meade and Emily Elizabeth Ayres. He joined Melbourne from Yarraville at the start of the 1927 VFL season.

Les Meade married Vivienne Alexandra Johnson Maxwell in 1931 and they lived in Glen Iris for over forty years. He also served in the Royal Australian Naval Reserve in World War II. He died in 1989.

Terang
Terang /təˈræŋ/ is a town in the Shire of Corangamite, Victoria, Australia. The town is located on the Princes Highway and is 212 kilometres (132 mi) south west of the state's capital, Melbourne. At the 2021 census, Terang had a population of 2,254.
Julián Hernández Santillán
Julián Hernández Santillán (born 6 April 1963 in Nuevo León) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN).

In the 2000 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Nuevo León's 8th district during the 58th session of Congress.  
In the 2006 Nuevo León state election he was elected local deputy to serve in the Congress of Nuevo León from 2006 to 2009, where he served as the leader of the PAN faction in the Congress.

LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LVIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union of Mexico (58th Congress) met from 1 September 2000 to 31 August 2003. All 628 members of the two chambers of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Grand Falls, New Brunswick
Grand Falls (French: Grand-Sault) is a town in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada, on the Saint John River. Its name comes from a waterfall created by a series of rock ledges over which the river drops 23 metres (75 ft).

On 1 January 2023, Grand Falls expanded to include Drummond, the rural community of Saint-André, the local service district of the parish of Grand Falls, and part of the LSD of the parish of Drummond. Revised census figures have not been released.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Isoflavonoid synthase
2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase (EC 1.14.13.136, CYT93C, IFS, isoflavonoid synthase) is an enzyme with systematic name liquiritigenin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating, aryl migration). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reactions:

liquiritigenin + O2 + NADPH + H+  2,4',7-trihydroxyisoflavanone + H2O + NADP+

and

(2S)-naringenin + O2 + NADPH + H+  2,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyisoflavanone + H2O + NADP+

Isoflavonoid synthase requires cytochrome P450.

Naringenin
Naringenin is a flavanone from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is commonly found in citrus fruits, especially as the predominant flavonone in grapefruit.

The fate and biological functions of naringenin in vivo are unknown, remaining under preliminary research, as of 2024. High consumption of dietary naringenin is generally regarded as safe, mainly due to its low bioavailability. Taking dietary supplements or consuming grapefruit excessively may impair the action of anticoagulants and increase the toxicity of various prescription drugs.

Similar to furanocoumarins present in citrus fruits, naringenin may evoke CYP3A4 suppression in the liver and intestines, possibly resulting in adverse interactions with common medications.
Bill Coughlan
William M. Coughlan (1899 – July 5, 1952) was an American college football player and track athlete and coach. He played football and ran track at Sewanee: The University of the South and was inducted into the school's sports hall of fame in 2005. Coughlan was a halfback and quarterback on the Sewanee Tigers football team and captain of the 1920 squad. He returned an interception 70 yards for a touchdown against Alabama in 1922. He was second-team on the all-time Sewanee football team. Coughlan coached track at the University of Chattanooga in 1930, and later coached at Notre Dame prep.

Sewanee: The University of the South
The University of the South, familiarly known as Sewanee (/səˈwɑːni/), is a private Episcopal liberal arts college in Sewanee, Tennessee, United States. It is owned by 28 southern dioceses of the Episcopal Church, and its School of Theology is an official seminary of the church. The campus (officially called "The Domain" or, affectionately, "The Mountain") consists of 13,000 acres (53 km2) of scenic mountain property atop the Cumberland Plateau, with the developed portion occupying about 1,000 acres (4.0 km2).
Glyptopomus
Glyptopomus is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish, known from the Late Devonian of Europe and potentially eastern North America. It is considered an early tetrapodomorph in the Osteolepiformes.

The following species are known:

†G. bystrowi (Gross, 1941) - Famennian of Latvia (Ketleri Formation) and Oryol Oblast, Russia (=Panderichthys bystrowi Gross, 1941)

†G. elginensis Jarvik, 1950 - Famennian of Scotland (Rosebrae Beds of the Old Red Sandstone)

†G. kinnairdi (Huxley, 1859) - Famennian of Scotland (Old Red Sandstone)

†G. minor Agassiz, 1844 (type species) - Famennian of Scotland (Old Red Sandstone)

†G. sayrei Newberry, 1878 - Famennian of Pennsylvania, US (Catskill Formation)

Old Red Sandstone
Old Red Sandstone, abbreviated ORS, is an assemblage of rocks in the North Atlantic region largely of Devonian age. It extends in the east across Great Britain, Ireland and Norway, and in the west along the eastern seaboard of North America. It also extends northwards into Greenland and Svalbard. These areas were a part of the paleocontinent of Euramerica (Laurussia). In Britain it is a lithostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) to which stratigraphers accord supergroup status and which is of considerable importance to early paleontology. The presence of Old in the name is to distinguish the sequence from the younger New Red Sandstone which also occurs widely throughout Britain.
WNS
WNS, or wns, is an acronym for:

WADP Numbering System, a worldwide reference system for postal stamps

West Nairobi School, a school in Kenya

Westside Neighborhood School, Los Angeles

White nose syndrome, a poorly understood disease of bats

Windows Notification Service, a service developed by Microsoft for the Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Windows Mobile platforms

WNS Global Services, a business process outsourcing company

WNS, the IATA code for Nawabshah Airport, Sindh, Pakistan

WNS, the National Rail code for Winnersh railway station, Berkshire, UK

WNS, the station identifier for the US Storm Prediction Center

World Netball Series

Fast5 Netball World Series
The Fast5 Netball World Series is an international Fast5 netball tournament organised by World Netball. The series features the top six national netball teams, according to the World Netball Rankings. Between 2009 and 2011 it was known as the World Netball Series. New Zealand won the inaugural series and were initially the competition's dominant team. Between 2009 and 2018, they won seven of the nine tournaments played. During the 2020s, Australia won three successive titles. Since 2022, the series has also featured a men's netball tournament.
Jonas Fransson
Jonas Fransson (born February 20, 1980) is a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays for Rögle BK in the Swedish HockeyAllsvenskan.

He was the backup goaltender with Linköpings HC, behind former IIHF goalie Daniel Henriksson.

Tranås AIF
Tranås AIF (sometimes abbreviated "TAIF") is a Swedish sports club active in a number of sports including ice hockey.  The ice hockey club, Tranås AIF Ishockeyförening, better known as Tranås AIF Hockey (or Tranås AIF IF), played several season in Sweden's second-highest league, Allsvenskan, but since being relegated in 2003 has played in Division 1, the third tier of ice hockey in Sweden.

The club has also had a bandy section and used to play in the top-tier Swedish bandy league.
Laurent Casanova
Laurent Casanova (9 October 1906 — 20 March 1972) was a French politician and resistance fighter. He was a Communist deputy for Seine-et-Marne from 1945 to 1958 and Minister of Veterans and War Victims in 1946.

Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Seine and Marne') is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197. Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.
Shooter game
Shooter video games, or shooters, are a subgenre of action video games where the focus is on the defeat of the character's enemies using ranged weapons given to the player. Usually these weapons are firearms or some other long-range weapons, and can be used in combination with other tools such as grenades for indirect offense, armor for additional defense, or accessories such as telescopic sights to modify the behavior of the weapons. A common resource found in many shooter games is ammunition, armor or health, or upgrades which augment the player character's weapons.

Shooter games test the player's spatial awareness, reflexes, and speed in both isolated single player or networked multiplayer environments. Shooter games encompass many subgenres that have the commonality of focusing on the actions of the avatar engaging in combat with a weapon against both code-driven NPC enemies or other avatars controlled by other players.

Valorant
Valorant (stylized as VALORANT) is a 2020 first-person tactical hero shooter video game developed and published by Riot Games. A free-to-play game, Valorant takes inspiration from the Counter-Strike series, borrowing several mechanics such as the buy menu, spray patterns, and inaccuracy while moving. Development started in 2014 and was teased under the codename Project A in 2019; the game was released on June 2, 2020, for Windows. It was ported to the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S in June 2024, albeit without crossplay between PC and console clients. A mobile version, Valorant Mobile (Chinese: 《无畏契约：源能行动》), launched in China on August 19, 2025, with a global release set at a later date.
Graphium kirbyi
Graphium kirbyi, the Kirby's swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found along the coast of Kenya and from the coast of Tanzania, inland to Morogoro. The habitat consists of coastal forests.

Morogoro
Morogoro is a city located in the eastern part of Tanzania, approximately 196 kilometers (122 miles) west of Dar es Salaam. It serves as the capital of the Morogoro Region. Informally, it is referred to as Mji kasoro bahari, which translates to city short of an ocean/port.

In Morogoro, the non-profit organization APOPO trains Gambian pouched rats known as HeroRATS, for landmine detection as well as the detection of tuberculosis. Notably, the Sokoine University of Agriculture is based in Morogoro. The city is also home to various missions that provide educational and medical facilities, benefiting the local community.
SCO Interbank Consortium
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Interbank Consortium (abbreviated as SCO IBC) is a platform for joint financing of development projects by members and other participants of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO).

2025 Tianjin SCO summit
The SCO Tianjin Summit 2025 was the 25th Heads of State Council meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), which was held from 31 August to 1 September 2025, in Tianjin, China. It was the largest summit in SCO's history, and was the fifth time that China hosted the meeting.

The main venue for the Summit was the Tianjin Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center.
William Law (Canadian politician)
William Law (August 5, 1833 – November 21, 1901) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Yarmouth County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1886 to  1900 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Belfast, Ireland and came to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia in October 1847. Two years later, Law moved to Oxford, Massachusetts; he returned to Yarmouth in 1855. In 1854, he married Mary A. Brown. With Brown he had a son Bowman Brown Law. His firm, William Law and Company was involved in shipping and insurance. Law also served as a justice of the peace. He married Annie T. Gilman in 1900 after the death of his first wife. He was named to the province's Legislative Council in 1901 and served until his death later that year in Yarmouth.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
Giuseppe Fioravanzo
Giuseppe Fioravanzo (14 August 1891 – 18 March 1975) was an Italian admiral. He was considered one of the main "intellectuals" of the Regia Marina; together with admirals Bernotti and Di Giamberardino he was one of the main authors of the development of Italian naval doctrine between the two World Wars. After serving with distinction in the Italo-Turkish War and the First World War, from the 1920s he started his activity as a naval theorist and writer besides continuing his military career. During the Second World War, having been promoted to Divisional Admiral, he held important commitments, both operational and related to General Staff. After the war he directed the Historical Office of the Italian Navy for many years.

Italian Navy
The Italian Navy (Italian: Marina Militare, lit. 'Military Navy'; abbreviated as MM) is one of the four branches of Italian Armed Forces and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the Regia Marina (Royal Navy) after World War II. The Italian Navy has a strength of approximately 29,300 active personnel, with 184 vessels and 70 aircraft in service. It is considered a multiregional and a blue-water navy.
Grundig Team Trophy
The Grundig Team Trophy was a women's professional golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour played annually from 1989 until 1991. It was always held at Royal Drottningholm Golf Club in Stockholm, Sweden.

The 36-hole best ball tournament made its debut in 1989 and was immediately popular with the players.

Pia Nilsson and Hillewi Hagström successfully defended their title in 1990 in very wet conditions.

Amateurs Annika Sörenstam and Maria Bertilsköld were runner-ups at the final tournaments, one stroke behind winners Marie Wennersten-From and Viveca Hoff.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
Life with My Father
Life with My Father (French: La Vie avec mon père) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Sébastien Rose and released in 2005. The film stars Raymond Bouchard as François Agira, a successful novelist returning home to Quebec after spending several years living in France to announce that he is terminally ill, forcing his estranged sons Paul (Paul Ahmarani) and Patrick (David La Haye) to make peace with him and each other.

The cast also includes Hélène Florent, Julie du Page, Pierre-Antoine Lasnier, Nicolas Canuel, Benoît McGinnis and Christine Beaulieu.

The film premiered theatrically in March 2005.

The film won the Audience Award at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
The Karlovy Vary International Film Festival (Czech: Mezinárodní filmový festival Karlovy Vary, KVIFF) is an annual film festival held in Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic. The Karlovy Vary Festival is one of the oldest in the world and has become the leading film event in Central Europe.
Pedrazzini
Pedrazzini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Members of the Pedrazzini family from Campo (Vellemaggia), a wealthy family of Swiss merchants attested since the 17th century
Giovanni Battista Pedrazzini (1673–1749)
Maria Apollonia Pedrazzini (1693–1766)
Michele Pedrazzini (1712–1763)
Guglielmo Maria Pedrazzini (1733–1801)

Giuseppe Pedrazzini (1879–1957), Italian luthier

Luigi Pedrazzini (footballer) (1909–?), Italian footballer

Massimo Pedrazzini (born 1958), Italian footballer and manager

Mauro Pedrazzini (born 1965), Liechtenstein politician

Maria Apollonia Pedrazzini
Maria Apollonia Pedrazzini (née Franzoni; 1693 – 25 January 1766) was a prominent Catholic figure in the Pedrazzini family following the death of her husband.

In 1719, through a generous dowry provided by her father, Maria married Michele Pedrazzini, from a prestigious merchant family, formalizing an alliance between the Franzoni, part of the sedentary elite, and the merchant bourgeoisie.

In 1736, widowed without an heir, she obtained the usufruct of a rich patrimony. With the help of her family and active management of her assets, she distinguished herself through her generosity toward religious works, confirmed by her will, earning her admiration and influence until her death. These acts of generosity illustrate a rare strategy for widows and influential alpine women to access informal power.
Josefina Niggli
Josefina Niggli (1910–1983; birth name was Josephine) was a Mexican-born Anglo-American playwright and novelist. Writing about Mexican-American issues in the middle years of the century, before the rise of the Chicano movement, she was the first, and for a time, the only Mexican American writing in English on Mexican themes; her egalitarian views of gender, race, and ethnicity were progressive for their time and helped lay the groundwork for such later Chicana feminists as Gloria Anzaldúa, Ana Castillo, and Sandra Cisneros. Niggli is now recognized as "a literary voice from the middle ground between Mexican and Anglo heritage." Critic Elizabeth Coonrod Martinez has written that Niggli should be considered on a par with such widely praised Spanish-language contemporaries as Mariano Azuela, Martín Luis Guzmán, and Nellie Campobello. She is thought to be the only Mexican-American woman to have a theatre named after her, the Niggli Studio Theater at Western Carolina University.

Nellie Campobello
Nellie (or Nelly) Francisca Ernestina Campobello Luna  (November 7, 1900 – July 9, 1986) was a Mexican writer, notable for having written one of the few chronicles of the Mexican Revolution from a woman's perspective: Cartucho, which chronicles her experience as a young girl in Northern Mexico at the height of the struggle between forces loyal to Pancho Villa and those who followed Venustiano Carranza. She moved to Mexico City in 1923, where she spent the rest of her life and associated with many of the most famous Mexican intellectuals and artists of the epoch. Like her half-sister Gloria, a well-known ballet dancer, she was also known as a dancer and choreographer. She was the director of the Mexican National School of Dance.
Baddinsgill Reservoir
Baddinsgill Reservoir is a small reservoir in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland close to Carlops, West Linton, and the boundary with Midlothian. It is close to Baddinsgill House. The Lyne Water is dammed to form the reservoir, not the Baddinsgill Burn, which joins the Lyne Water further south, below the reservoir. The earth dam was faced with concrete blocks. In time these eroded and they were capped with 100 millimetres (3.9 in) of tarmac.

West Linton
West Linton (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Linne Ruairidh) is a village and civil parish in southern Scotland, on the A702. It is in the county of Peeblesshire (also known as Tweeddale) and the Scottish Borders council area. Many of its residents are commuters, owing to the village's proximity to Edinburgh, which is 16 miles (26 km) to the north-east. West Linton has a long history, and holds an annual traditional festival called The Whipman Play.