hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Saagpakk
Paul Friedrich Saagpakk (September 2, 1910, in Mustjala, Saaremaa, Governorate of Livonia – February 23, 1996, in Kuressaare, Saaremaa, Estonia) was an Estonian linguist who compiled a standard reference dictionary of Estonian with 500,000 Estonian expressions and their English equivalents.

Governorate of Livonia
The Governorate of Livonia, also known as the Livonia Governorate, was a province (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, Baltic Governorate-General until 1876. Governorate of Livonia bordered Governorate of Estonia to the north, Saint Petersburg and Pskov Governorates to the east, Courland Governorate to the south, and the Gulf of Riga to the west. In 1897, the population of the governorate was 1,299,365, and it had an area of 47,030.87 square kilometres (18,158.72 mi2). The administrative centre of the governorate was the Baltic Sea port of Riga. It roughly corresponded to most of the modern Vidzeme Region of Latvia and southern Estonia.
Ciara Ní É
Ciara Ní É is an Irish poet, playwright, screenwriter and broadcaster who often works through the Irish language. She is the founder of the bilingual spoken-word event REIC and co-founder with Eoin McEvoy of the LGBTQ+ arts collective AerachAiteachGaelach. Her work has been published in anthologies including Bone and Marrow/Cnámh agus Smior (Wake Forest University Press, 2022), Queering the Green (Lighthouse Press, 2021), and Washing Windows Too (Arlen House, 2022). She has performed widely in Ireland and internationally, with appearances at festivals and venues in New York, London, Berlin, Paris, and Stockholm. Ní É was named on the Irish Examiner’s list of "100 Women Changing Ireland" (2022). Her broadcasting work includes the TG4 documentary Ciara Ní É: Saol Trí Ghaeilge (2021), which was shortlisted for the Celtic Media Festival and Oireachtas Media Awards.

Celtic Media Festival
The Celtic Media Festival, formerly known as the Celtic Film and Television Festival, aims to promote the languages and cultures of the Celtic nations in film, on television, radio and new media. The festival is an annual three-day celebration of broadcasting and film from Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, Galicia, Cornwall and Brittany. The festival was founded in 1980.
Piédalu in Paris
Piédalu in Paris (French: Piédalu à Paris) is a 1951 French comedy film directed by Jean Loubignac and starring Félix Oudart, Nathalie Nattier and Armand Bernard. It was shot at the Photosonor Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Louis Le Barbenchon. It was one of a trilogy of films featuring the character Piédalu.

Jean Loubignac
Jean Alexandre Loubignac (23 November 1901 - 4 March 1991) was a French film director. A specialist of popular comedies, Jean Loubignac is well known for the film Ah! Les belles bacchantes which he directed in 1955, written and performed by Robert Dhéry and Francis Blanche.
Sayward Valley
Sayward Valley is a low-lying area in northeastern Vancouver Island. It is occupied by a floodplain of the Salmon River. The soils there have variable drainage and are mostly of loam texture. Upland soils in the valley have clay loam to gravelly loamy sand texture and show podzol profile development in most cases.

Forest vegetation is dominated by large Douglas fir, western hemlock and western red cedar. Other large trees include grand fir (at its northern limit), Sitka spruce, western white pine, black cottonwood, red alder and bigleaf maple.

Picea sitchensis
Picea sitchensis, the Sitka spruce, is a large, coniferous, evergreen tree growing to just over 100 meters (330 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter at breast height that can exceed 5 m (16 ft). It is by far the largest species of spruce and the fifth-largest conifer in the world (behind giant sequoia, coast redwood, kauri, and western redcedar), and the third-tallest tree species (after coast redwood and South Tibetan cypress). The Sitka spruce is one of only three species documented to exceed 100 m (330 ft) in height.  Its name is derived from the community of Sitka in southeast Alaska, where it is prevalent. Its range hugs the western coast of Canada and the US and continues south into northern California.
Andreas Buchner (historian)
Joseph Andreas Buchner (28 November 1776, in Altheim – 13 December 1854, in Munich) was a German historian. He was the author of a highly regarded multi-volume work on Bavarian history.

He studied theology at the Georgianum in Munich, and was ordained as a priest in 1799. From 1804, he taught philosophy at the lyceum in Dillingen, then in 1811 relocated as a professor of history to the lyceum in Regensburg. In 1825 he became a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, and during the following year, was named a professor of Bavarian history at the University of Munich.

Ducal Georgianum
The Ducal Georgianum (German: Herzogliches Georgianum) is a theological seminary of the Bavarian University (LMU Munich) in Germany. It was founded in 1494. Pope Benedict XVI studied at the Seminary until 1951.
Z-level programming language
Z-level Programming Language is an array programming language designed to replace C and C++ programming languages in engineering and scientific applications. Because its design goal was to obtain cross-platform high performance, ZPL programs run fast on both sequential and parallel computers. Highly-parallel ZPL programs are simple and easy to write because it exclusively uses implicit parallelism.

Originally called Orca C, ZPL was designed and implemented during 1993–1995 by the Orca Project of the Computer Science and Engineering Department at the University of Washington.

Cross-platform software
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.

For example, a cross-platform application may run on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. Cross-platform software may run on many platforms, or as few as two. Some frameworks for cross-platform development are Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt, GTK, Flutter, NativeScript, Xamarin, Apache Cordova, Ionic, and React Native.
Direct action
Direct action is a form of activism in which participants use economic power or political power to achieve their goals. The aim of direct action is to either obstruct a certain practice such as a government's laws or actions or to draw attention to and create a dialogue in order to solve perceived problems.

Direct action may include activities, that can be either violent or nonviolent, targeting people, groups, institutions, actions, or property that its participants deem objectionable. Violent direct action may include political violence, assault, arson, sabotage, and property destruction. Nonviolent direct action may include peaceful demonstrations, civil disobedience, sit-ins, strikes, and counter-economics.

Economic power
Economic power refers to the ability of countries, businesses or individuals to make decisions on their own that benefit them. Scholars of international relations also refer to the economic power of a country as a factor influencing its power in international relations.
KSLK (California)
KSLK (96.1 MHz) was a commercial FM radio station licensed to Visalia, California, and serving the Visalia-Tulare area. The station, owned by New Visalia Broadcasting, Inc., is currently off the air.

KSLK's license was cancelled by the FCC on October 25, 2013. In its last years on the air, KSLK broadcast a Spanish-language sports radio format, using programming from ESPN Deportes Radio.

Tulare, California
Tulare (/tʊˈlɛəri/ ⓘ tuu-LAIR-ee) is a city in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 68,875 per the 2020 census. It is located in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, 8 mi (13 km) south of Visalia and 60 mi (97 km) north of Bakersfield. The city is named after the Tulare Lake, once the largest freshwater lake west of the Great Lakes.
José María Muñagorri
José María Muñagorri Berraondo (3 October 1902 - 12 October 1968) was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward for Real Madrid. He was one of the many products of Colegio del Pilar, and a historic player of Real Madrid, with whom he played for a whole decade.

Real Unión
Real Unión Club, S.A.D. is a Spanish football club based in Irun, in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, in the province of Gipuzkoa, near the border with France. Founded on 15 May 1915 it currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 2, holding home matches at the 5,000-seater Stadium Gal. Real Unión was one of the founding members of La Liga in 1929. The club spent four seasons in the Spanish elite, suffering relegation in 1932. Real is yet to return to the top tier, spending the rest of its history bouncing between the second and fourth tiers of Spanish football.
Aziegbemi Anthony
Aziegbemi Anthony (born September 1958) is a Nigerian politician and public servant. He served as a two-term member of the House of Representatives, representing the Esan South East/North East Federal Constituency of  Edo State from 1999 to 2007 under the platform of the People's Democratic Party (PDP). He is also the current chairman of the Edo State chapter of the PDP.

Esan North-East
Esan North-East is a Local Government Area located in Edo State of Nigeria. It has an estimated population of 119,346. Its headquarters are in Uromi/Uzea.

It has an area of 338 km2 (131 sq mi) and a population density of 472.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,225/sq mi) (2016).
2022 Tennis in the Land
The 2022 Tennis in the Land event was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Jacobs Pavilion. It was the second edition of the tournament held in the city of Cleveland, Ohio and was a part of the WTA 250 category of the 2022 WTA Tour.

WTA 250 tournaments
WTA 250 is a category of tennis tournaments in the Women's Tennis Association tour, implemented since the reorganization of the schedule in 2021. Earlier these events were classified as WTA International Tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 250. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("Major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 1000 points for winning a WTA 1000 tournament, and 500 for winning a WTA 500 tournament.

At their introduction in 2021, WTA 250 tournaments' prize money was approximately $250,000. As of 2025 season, this has risen to $275,094. All tournaments have a 32 player main draw for singles and a 16 team main draw for doubles.
Lilac-tailed parrotlet
The lilac-tailed parrotlet (Touit batavicus) is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela.

Psittacidae
The family Psittacidae or holotropical parrots is one of three families of true parrots. It comprises the 12 species of subfamily Psittacinae (the Afrotropical parrots) and 167 of subfamily Arinae (the New World or Neotropical parrots) including several species that have gone extinct in recent centuries. Some of the most iconic birds in the world are represented here, such as the blue-and-yellow macaw among the New World parrots and the grey parrot among the Afrotropical parrots.
PotashCorp
The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, also known as PotashCorp, was a company based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The company merged with Calgary-based Agrium to form Nutrien, in a transaction that closed on January 1, 2018.

The company was the world's largest potash producer and the third largest producer of nitrogen and phosphate, three primary crop nutrients used to produce fertilizer. At the end of 2011, the company controlled twenty percent of the world's potash production capacity, two percent of nitrogen production capacity and five percent of phosphate supply. The company was part-owner of Canpotex, which manages all potash exporting from Saskatchewan.  It also had a joint-venture with Sinochem named Sinofert. In late 2013, it was 60%-owned by institutional shareholders.  In 2007, the CEO, William Doyle was by far the highest earning CEO in Canada, earning $320 million.

Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).
Valuev
Valuev or Valuyev (Russian: Валу́ев) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Grigory Valuyev (? - after 1623), Russian voyevoda

Nikolai Valuev (born 1973), Russian boxer and member of the State Duma

Pyotr Valuev (1815–1890), Russian statesman and writer

Vladimir Valuyev (born 1947), Russian naval officer

Nikolai Valuev
Nikolai Sergeyevich Valuev (Russian: Никола́й Серге́евич Валу́ев, IPA: [vɐˈlujɪf]; born 21 August 1973) is a Russian politician and former professional boxer. He competed in boxing from 1993 to 2009, and held the World Boxing Association (WBA) heavyweight title twice between 2005 and 2009. Standing at a height of 2.13 metres (7 feet) and a peak weight of 151 kilograms (333 pounds), Valuev is best known for being the tallest and heaviest world champion in boxing history.
Alan Aboud
Alan Aboud (born 13 May 1966) is an Irish graphic designer and creative director, from Dublin, Ireland. He was educated at Belvedere College, Dublin from 1974 to 1984 and the National College of Art & Design (NCAD), Dublin where he completed his foundation year and began his degree in graphic design before transferring to Saint Martin's School of Art in London in 1986. He graduated from there in 1989, with a first class honours degree.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Razarudin Husain
Razarudin bin Husain (Jawi: رضارالدين ابن حسين; born 15 March 1963) is a Malaysian police officer who served as the 14th Inspector-General of Police (IGP) from June 2023 to June 2025. Previously, he was the Deputy Inspector-General of Police (DIG) from December 2021 to his promotion to the IGP in June 2023.

Deputy Inspector-General of Police (Malaysia)
The Deputy Inspector-General of Police (abbreviation: DIG) is the second most senior police rank of a senior officer in the Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM) above the rank of Commissioner of Police (CP) and below that of the Inspector-General of Police (IGP).
Chiangmai F.C.
Chiang Mai Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอลจังหวัดเชียงใหม่), also known as Chiangmai was formerly known as Chiang Mai United, is a Thai professional football club based in Chiang Mai province, a province located in the northern part of Thailand. Their main home ground at Chiang Mai Municipality Stadium.

Thai script
The Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai, pronounced [ʔàksɔ̌ːn tʰāj]) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand. The Thai script itself (as used to write Thai) has 44 consonant symbols (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 16 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 32 vowel forms, four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut), and other diacritics.

Although commonly referred to as the Thai alphabet, the script is not a true alphabet but an abugida, a writing system in which the full characters represent consonants with diacritical marks for vowels; the absence of a vowel diacritic gives an implied 'a' or 'o'. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, and vowels following a consonant in speech are written above, below, to the left or to the right of it, or a combination of those.
Monogyny
Monogyny is a specialised mating system in which a male can only mate with one female throughout his lifetime, but the female may mate with more than one male. In this system, the males generally provide no paternal care.  In many spider species that are monogynous, the males have two copulatory organs, which allows them to mate a maximum of twice throughout their lifetime. As is commonly seen in honeybees, ants and certain spider species, a male may put all his energy into a single copulation, knowing that this will lower his overall fitness. During copulation, monogynous males have adapted to cause self genital damage or even death to increase their chances of paternity.

Copulation (zoology)
In zoology, copulation is animal sexual behavior in which a male introduces sperm into the female's body, especially directly into the female's reproductive tract. This is an aspect of mating. Many aquatic animals use external fertilization, whereas internal fertilization may have developed from a need to maintain gametes in a liquid medium in the Late Ordovician epoch. Internal fertilization with many vertebrates (such as all reptiles, some fish, and most birds) occurs via cloacal copulation, known as cloacal kiss (see also hemipenis), while most mammals copulate vaginally, and many basal vertebrates reproduce sexually with external fertilization.
EHHADH
EHHADH is a human gene that encodes for a bifunctional enzyme and is one of the four enzymes of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway. Mutations of the gene are a cause of peroxisomal disorders such as Zellweger syndrome.

Zellweger syndrome
Zellweger syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. It is one of a family of disorders called Zellweger spectrum disorders which are leukodystrophies. Zellweger syndrome is named after Hans Zellweger (1909–1990), a Swiss-American pediatrician, a professor of pediatrics and genetics at the University of Iowa who researched this disorder.
Almondell and Calderwood Country Park
Almondell and Calderwood Country Park is a 220-acre (0.89 km2) Country Park in Mid Calder and East Calder in West Lothian, Scotland.  It is a 4 star Visitor Attraction (Visitscotland). The Park is split into two main areas, Almondell Park which comprises the Almondell estate which originally belonged to the Erskine family of Broxburn and the Calderwood estate which once belonged to the Barons of Torphichen.

Broxburn
Broxburn (Scottish Gaelic: Srath Bhroc, pronounced [ˈs̪ɾa ˈvɾɔʰk]) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It is 12 miles (19 km) from the West End of Edinburgh, 5 miles (8.0 km) from Edinburgh Airport and 5 miles (8.0 km) to the north of Livingston. Originally a village known as Easter Strathbock in the medieval period, by 1600, the village had become known as Broxburn. The area developed rapidly during the Victorian era as a result of industrialisation related to shale oil extraction. While much of the industry in the area is now diminished, the town has continued to grow following new residential development, resulting in Broxburn forming a conurbation with neighbouring Uphall. It lies just to the south of Winchburgh.
Happy Sekanka
Happy Sekanka is a South African brewmaster. She is currently the brewmaster at the all-women brewery, Oakes Brew House, created by Thea Blom.

Sekanka is from the Limpopo province. She never imagined she would become a brewer, and at one time, hated the taste of beer. Sekanka was recruited to work at Oakes Brew House by Thea Blom, who had been her manager at a previous restaurant also owned by Blom. She was taught how to brew beer by Delia Bailey, a microbiologist and co-owner of Oakes Brew House.

Like many women in brewing, Sekanka has faced gender and racial stereotypes in the industry, where some men are surprised a black woman is making their beer.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Stevens Rock
Stevens Rock (67°37′S 64°42′E﻿ / ﻿67.617°S 64.700°E﻿ / -67.617; 64.700) is a small, lone bare rock 2.8 kilometres (1.5 nmi) east of Strahan Glacier and 2 kilometres (1 nmi) off the coast of Antarctica. Discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Mawson, who named it for Commander C.W. Stevens, Hydrographic Dept., Royal Australian Navy.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Stevens Rock". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition
The British Australian (and) New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) was a research expedition into Antarctica between 1929 and 1931, involving two voyages over consecutive Austral summers. The expedition was led by Australian geologist Sir Douglas Mawson.
Khalamdumbadumbane
Khalamdumbadumbane was a popular radio show in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) with the state-owned Swaziland Broadcasting and Information Services (SBIS) radio station in Mbabane. Hosted by the legendary Swazi traditionalist, Jim ‘Mbhokane’ Gama and the royalist Bongani 'Sgcokosiyancinca' Dlamini, the show gained widespread recognition for its educational content and cultural insights and humour both in Eswatini and South Africa, particularly amongst Siswati speakers. It was canned in 2011 following the death of Gama.

The show was beloved for its straightforward approach to explaining the complexities of the Swazi culture, making it an essential part of Eswatini's radio history.

Mbabane
Mbabane (/ˌʌmbɑːˈbɑːneɪ/) is the most populous city in Eswatini (previously called Swaziland), and is one of the two capitals (along with Lobamba), serving as the executive capital.

It has an estimated population of 94,874 (2010). It is located on the Mbabane River and its tributary the Polinjane River in the Mdzimba Mountains. It is located in the Hhohho Region, of which it is also the capital. The average elevation of the city is 1,243 meters. It lies on the MR3 road.