hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retinal migraine
Retinal migraine is a retinal disease often accompanied by migraine headache and typically affects only one eye. It is caused by ischaemia or vascular spasm in or behind the affected eye.

The terms "retinal migraine" and "ocular migraine" are often confused with "visual migraine", which is a far-more-common symptom of vision loss, resulting from the aura phase of migraine with aura. The aura phase of migraine can occur with or without a headache. Ocular or retinal migraines happen in the eye, so only affect the vision in that eye, while visual migraines occur in the brain, so affect the vision in both eyes together. Visual migraines result from cortical spreading depression and are also commonly termed scintillating scotoma.

Vasospasm
Vasospasm refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction. This can lead to tissue ischemia (insufficient blood flow) and tissue death (necrosis).

Along with physical resistance, vasospasm is a main cause of ischemia. Like physical resistance, vasospasms can occur due to atherosclerosis. Vasospasm is the major cause of Prinzmetal's angina.

Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage as symptomatic vasospasm (or delayed cerebral ischemia), where it is a major contributor to post-operative stroke and mortality. Vasospasm typically appears 4 to 10 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage, however the relationship between radiological arterial spasm (seen on angiography) and clinical neurological deterioration is nuanced and uncertain.
Kingston Western (Jamaica Parliament constituency)
Kingston Western is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Representatives of the Jamaican Parliament. It elects one Member of Parliament MP by the first past the post system of election. The constituency was one of the original 32 Parliamentary seats. West Kingston is dominated by the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) which has held the seat continuously since 1955. JLP Prime Ministers Alexander Bustamante, Hugh Shearer, Edward Seaga and Bruce Golding all represented the seat at one time or another, although Bustamante and Shearer did not represent the constituency during their premierships.

Hugh Shearer
Hugh Lawson Shearer ON OJ PC (18 May 1923 – 15 July 2004) was a Jamaican trade unionist and politician, who served as the 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica, from 1967 to 1972. He was also Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade from 1980 to 1989, under Edward Seaga.
Sweden at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Sweden competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, with the exception of the equestrian events, which could not be held in Australia due to quarantine regulations. Instead, those events were held five months earlier in Stockholm, Sweden.

97 competitors, 83 men and 14 women, took part in 74 events in 14 sports in Australia and 6 events in 1 sport in Sweden. Swedish athletes won a total of 19 medals at the games, including 3 golds in the equestrian events held in their own country.

Bertil Göransson
Bertil Edvard Göransson (9 February 1919 – 10 April 2004) was a Swedish rowing coxswain who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He won a silver medal in the coxed fours and finished fourth in the eights competition. He won two silver medals in these events at the 1955 European Championships.
After Eight (album)
After Eight is the debut studio album by Indonesian-born Dutch singer and songwriter Taco Ockerse, mononymously known as Taco.  The record, released in 1982 by RCA Records, contained his biggest hit, a synth-pop  driven take on the Irving Berlin standard "Puttin' on the Ritz". However, in addition to six covers of classic pop songs, he co-wrote five original songs.

The album peaked at No. 23 on the Billboard Top LPs chart.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Myers Field
Myers Field was a ballpark located off of Church Street in Norfolk, Virginia, United States. It served as the home of the Norfolk Tars, a New York Yankees minor league affiliate, from 1940 to 1955. Prior to using Myers Field, the Norfolk Tars used Bain Field, which was demolished in 1940.

Originally known as High Rock Park, it was renamed Myers Fields in honor of local dentist Eddie Myers.

Notable major leaguers like Yogi Berra, Lew Burdette, Whitey Ford, Bob Grim, Mickey Owen, Bob Porterfield, Vic Raschi, Bobby Richardson, Spec Shea, Moose Skowron, Snuffy Stirnweiss and Gus Triandos all played for the Tars and therefore called Myers Field home.

Spec Shea
Francis Joseph "Spec" Shea (October 2, 1920 – July 19, 2002) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball from 1947 to 1955. He played for the New York Yankees from 1947 to 1951 and the Washington Senators from 1952 to 1955. He was known as "The Naugatuck Nugget" as a result of being from Naugatuck, Connecticut, and was named as such by Yankees broadcaster Mel Allen, and was nicknamed "Spec" because of his freckles.
Effiduase-Asokore (Ghana parliament constituency)
Effiduase-Asokore is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Effiduase-Asokore is located in the Sekyere East District  of the Ashanti Region of Ghana.

The constituency is currently under the leadership of Dr. Nana Ayew Afriyie of the New Patriotic Party.

Sekyere East District
Sekyere East District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988, which was created from the former Sekyere District Council. Later, the eastern part of the district was split off to create the 1st Sekyere Afram Plains District on 1 November 2007 (effectively 29 February 2008), with Kumawu as its capital town. However, on 28 June 2012, the Afram Plains area of the district was split off to create the new Sekyere Afram Plains District, with Dobrosno as its capital town; while the remaining part has since then been officially renamed as Sekyere Kumawu District, with Kumawu as its capital town. The district assembly is located in the eastern part of Ashanti Region and has Effiduase as its capital town.
Cross-country skiing at the 1994 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre classical
The men's 50 kilometre classical cross-country skiing competition at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, was held on 27 February at Birkebeineren Ski Stadium in Lillehammer.

Each skier started at half a minute intervals, skiing the entire 50 kilometre course. The Swede Torgny Mogren was the 1993 World champion and Bjørn Dæhlie was the defending olympic champion from 1992 Olympics in Albertville, France.

Birkebeineren Ski Stadium
Birkebeineren Ski Stadium (Norwegian: Birkebeineren skistadion) is a cross-country skiing and biathlon venue located in Lillehammer, Norway. Situated 3 kilometers (2 mi) from the town center and at 485 meters (1,591 ft) above mean sea level, it has two stadium areas, one for cross-country and one for biathlon. The former can accommodate 31,000 spectators, and the latter 13,500. The venue was built for the 1994 Winter Olympics, costing 83.6 million Norwegian krone (NOK). It was subsequently used by the 1994 Winter Paralympics for Paralympic Nordic skiing and Paralympic biathlon. After the games, ownership was transferred to the municipal Lillehammer Olympiapark. The venue has since been used for one Biathlon World Cup, three FIS Cross-Country World Cup and nine FIS Nordic Combined World Cup tournaments, the latter with the ski jumping competition taking place at the nearby Lysgårdsbakkene Ski Jumping Arena. Birkebeineren also hosted the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics.
Wraysbury railway station
Wraysbury railway station serves the village of Wraysbury in Berkshire, England, as well as the larger villages of Stanwell Moor and Poyle. It is 21 miles 40 chains (34.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo. The first station opened in 1848 but was resited in 1861 when the present station was opened.

The station is on the line between Windsor and Eton Riverside and Waterloo. Services are operated by South Western Railway.

As part of the proposed AirTrack rail link, a new station, to be called Staines High Street railway station would be built between Wraysbury and Staines railway station. This proposal (involving rebuilding a former station) has been in doubt for some years.

Poyle
Poyle is a largely industrial and agricultural area in the unitary authority of Slough, in the ceremonial county of Berkshire, England (of which it is the easternmost settlement). It is located 18.5 miles (30 km) west of Charing Cross in London and immediately west of the M25 motorway, near Heathrow Airport; it also adjoins the Colne Valley regional park.

Historically in Middlesex, Poyle was transferred to Surrey in 1965 and to Berkshire in 1995. Together with the neighbouring village of Colnbrook to the west, it forms the Colnbrook with Poyle civil parish.
Ohio State University Airport
40°04′47″N 083°04′23″W﻿ / ﻿40.07972°N 83.07306°W﻿ / 40.07972; -83.07306

Ohio State University Airport (IATA: OSU, ICAO: KOSU, FAA LID: OSU) is a public airport six miles (10 km) northwest  of downtown Columbus, in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. It is owned and operated by Ohio State University in Columbus.  It is also known as the OSU Don Scott Airport, named after Donald E. Scott, an OSU alumnus who died during his training as a pilot in the United Kingdom during World War II. The airport's main entrance is located on Case Road, and is easily accessible from OH-315 and Interstate 270.

The Ohio State University Airport serves the university while offering general aviation services for the public. It is one of 30 airports owned by universities across the country, but it is one of only three owned by a Tier One research institution. The airport is largely exempt from paying property taxes.

Alumni
Alumni (sg.: alumnus (MASC) or alumna (FEM)) are former students or graduates of a school, college, or university. The feminine plural alumnae is sometimes used for groups of women, and alums (sg.: alum) or alumns (sg.: alumn) as gender-neutral alternatives. The word comes from Latin, meaning nurslings, pupils or foster children, derived from alere "to nourish".

Alumni may or may not have completed their degree. For example, Burt Reynolds was an alumnus of Florida State University but not a graduate.

Alumni can also be former inmates, former employees, former contributors, or former members of an organization.
Order of the Red Eagle
The Order of the Red Eagle (German: Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful service to the kingdom, or other achievements. As with most German and other European orders, the Order of the Red Eagle could be awarded only to commissioned officers or civilians of approximately equivalent status. However, there was a medal of the order, which could be awarded to non-commissioned officers and enlisted men, lower ranking civil servants and other civilians.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Hiram Slack (North of England cricketer)
Hiram Slack (23 July 1843 – 29 October 1918) was an English cricketer who made one first-class appearance for the North of England cricket team in 1866, while being a prolific club cricketer for Aston, Birmingham, Dudley, Edgbaston and Walsall between 1865 and 1875, as well as playing against county cricket teams as part of invitational XIs and the United All England. His uncle, also named Hiram Slack, played twice for Nottinghamshire.

Slack's only first-class match took place at Lord's Cricket Ground on 2 July 1866. He played a North v South match for the North of England against a South of England team featuring WG Grace and Farmer Bennet, where the latter took twelve wickets in the match, including a career best 8/25, which resulted in a heavy innings defeat for the North. Slack, batting in the tail but not featuring in the bowling attack, made four and three not out.

Edgbaston
Edgbaston (/ˈɛdʒbəstən/) is a suburb of Birmingham, West Midlands, England. It lies immediately south-west of Birmingham city centre, and was historically in Warwickshire. The wards of Edgbaston and North Edgbaston had a combined population of 42,295 at the 2021 census.

Edgbaston is the location of Edgbaston Cricket Ground, the University of Birmingham, Birmingham Botanical Gardens, the Midlands Arts Centre and the Edgbaston Archery and Lawn Tennis Society, the oldest lawn tennis club in the world.
Medial superior genicular artery
The medial superior genicular artery is a branch of the popliteal artery. It runs deep to the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and tendon of the adductor magnus, and superior to the medial head of the gastrocnemius.

It divides into two branches, one of which supplies the vastus medialis, anastomosing with the highest genicular and medial inferior genicular arteries; the other ramifies close to the surface of the femur, supplying it and the knee-joint, and anastomosing with the lateral superior genicular artery.

The medial superior genicular artery is frequently of small size, a condition which is associated with an increase in the size of the highest genicular.

Adductor magnus muscle
The adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle, situated on the medial side of the thigh.

It consists of two parts. The portion which arises from the ischiopubic ramus (a small part of the inferior ramus of the pubis, and the inferior ramus of the ischium) is called the pubofemoral portion, adductor portion, or adductor minimus, and the portion arising from the tuberosity of the ischium is called the ischiocondylar portion, extensor portion, or "hamstring portion". Due to its common embryonic origin, innervation, and action, the ischiocondylar portion (or hamstring portion) is often considered part of the hamstring group of muscles. The ischiocondylar portion of the adductor magnus is considered a muscle of the posterior compartment of the thigh while the pubofemoral portion of the adductor magnus is considered a muscle of the medial compartment.
Gerd Leuchs
Gerhard "Gerd" Leuchs (born June 14, 1950) is a German experimental physicist in optics. He is the Director Emeritus at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and an adjunct professor in the physics department at the University of Ottawa. From 1994-2019 he was a full professor of physics and since 2019 has been a senior professor at Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU).

Leuchs holds honorary degrees from the Technical University of Denmark and Saint Petersburg State University. He served as the President of Optica (formerly the Optical Society) in 2024.

Technical University of Denmark
The Technical University of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet), often simply referred to as DTU, is a polytechnic university and school of engineering. It was founded in 1829 at the initiative of Hans Christian Ørsted as Denmark's first polytechnic, and it is today ranked among Europe's leading engineering institutions. It is located in the town Kongens Lyngby, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

Along with École Polytechnique in Paris, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Eindhoven University of Technology, Technical University of Munich and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, DTU is a member of EuroTech Universities Alliance.
2008–09 Czech First League
The 2008–09 Czech First League, known as the Gambrinus liga for sponsorship reasons, was the sixteenth season of Czech Republic's top-tier of football. It began on 2 August 2008 and ended on 30 May 2009. Slavia Prague were the defending champions. Slavia secured their 17th title overall after a 3–1 win away against Viktoria Žižkov in 28th round. They were the first club to defend Czech title since the 2000–01 season.

FK Viktoria Žižkov
FK Viktoria Žižkov is a Czech professional football club from the district of Žižkov in Prague. The club competes in the Czech National Football League, the second tier of football in the country. It won the Czechoslovak First League title in the 1927–28 season, and has also won two editions of the Czech Cup.
Kucong
The Kucong (simplified Chinese: 苦聪人; traditional Chinese: 苦聰人; pinyin: Kǔcōngrén) are an ethnic group in China. They are considered one of the poorest minorities in the country. There are around 80,000 Kucong people, living primarily in the Mojiang, Xinping, and Mengla counties of China's Yunnan Province. Some live in Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, and the United States, where at least 600 are living as migrants.

Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County
Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County (Chinese: 新平彝族傣族自治县; pinyin: Xīnpíng Yízú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn) is an autonomous county located in the central part of Yunnan Province, China. It is the westernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Yuxi. It borders Eshan County and Shiping County to the east; Yuanjiang County and Mojiang County to the south; Zhenyuan County to the west; and Shuangbai County to the north.
1998 Big West Conference baseball tournament
The 1998 Big West Conference baseball tournament determined the conference champion for the Big West Conference at the end of the 1998 season. The six teams met at Cal State Fullerton's on campus venue, Titan Field from May 14 through 17. This would be the last Big West Conference postseason championship event, as the tournament was discontinued after the 1998 season. However, the tournament was reinstated for the 2025 season after a 27-year hiatus.

Goodwin Field
Goodwin Field is a 3,500-seat baseball park in the western United States, located in Fullerton, California. On the campus of California State University, Fullerton, it is primarily the home field of the four-time national champion CSUF Titans of the NCAA's Big West Conference. It is named for Jerry and Merilyn Goodwin, who gave $1 million toward a $3 million campaign for major renovations.

In 2013, the Titans ranked 29th among Division I baseball programs in attendance, averaging 2,356 per home game.
Sam Means (writer)
Sam Means is an American comedy writer.  He won three Emmy awards for his work on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, and wrote for both 30 Rock and Parks and Recreation on NBC as well as Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, Great News, Girls5eva, and for Tina Fey and Amy Poehler when they hosted The Golden Globes.  Together with Robert Carlock, he created the Netflix animated show, Mulligan and the NBC series The Fall and Rise of Reggie Dinkins.

Means received his A.B. from Dartmouth College, and an M.Phil. in philosophy from King's College, Cambridge. He began his career as a cartoonist for The New Yorker and as a contributing writer for The Onion.

Master of Philosophy
A Master of Philosophy (MPhil or PhM; Latin Magister Philosophiae or Philosophiae Magister) is a postgraduate degree. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated MPhil (or, at times, as PhM in other countries). With a few exceptions, MPhils are awarded to postgraduate students after completing at least two years of original research, normally in the form of a thesis or dissertation. In many fields, the completion of a MPhil is typically required for employment as experts, or researcher. MPhil may also serve as a provisional enrolment for a PhD programme.
Raorchestes chotta
Raorchestes chotta, also known as the small bushfrog or small bush frog, is a species of frog found only in Ponmudi in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. This frog lays eggs attached to the underside of a leaf. They hatch as tiny froglets, skipping the tadpole stage. The frog has been observed between 600 and 980 meters above sea level.

Scientists classify this frog as endangered because of its small, fragmented range, which is still subject to considerable degradation. Human beings convert the forest to tea and areca nut plantations, and scientists suspect infrastructure from tourism may also cause problems. Although the frog's range includes one park, Ponmudi Reserve Forest, the management in this forest is not the best.

Scientists believe the chytridiomycosis-inducing fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis could infect this frog because it has been observed on other frogs in Raorchestes, but it has not been formally confirmed.

Ponmudi
Ponmudi (the Golden Peak) is a hill station in the Peringamala gramapanchayath  of Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala in India. It is located 22km west of Vithura town, 53 km north-east of Thiruvananthapuram City, 78 km south-east of Varkala town and 69 km north-east of Kovalam Beach at an altitude of 1,100 m (3,600 ft).  Ponmudi (Varayadumotta) peak is a part of the Western Ghats mountain range that runs parallel to the Arabian Sea. Ponmudi is a popular honeymoon destination in South India. The normal temperature of Ponmudi is between 14 and 25 °C (57 and 77 °F). During the winter season, the temperature drops between 10 and 19 °C (50 and 66 °F) especially during the night time. The lowest temperature in Ponmudi ever recorded is  8°C.
2015 Ginetta GT4 Supercup
The 2015 Michelin Ginetta GT4 Supercup is a multi-event, one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Ginetta G55s that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece. It is the fifth Ginetta GT4 Supercup, having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup, which ran between 2008 and 2010. The season commenced on 4 April at Brands Hatch – on the circuit's Indy configuration – and concludes on 11 October at the same venue, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after twenty-seven races held at ten meetings, all in support of the 2015 British Touring Car Championship season.

Brands Hatch
Brands Hatch is a motor racing circuit in West Kingsdown, Kent, England. Originally used as a grasstrack motorcycle circuit on farmland, it hosted 12 runnings of the British Grand Prix between 1964 and 1986 and currently hosts many British and International racing events. The venue is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.