hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shelly Beach (Manly)
Shelly Beach (also known as Shelley Beach) is a beach located in Manly, a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is adjacent to North Head and Fairy Bower. Shelly Beach is a western facing beach on the eastern coast of Australia.

Shelly Beach is part of the no take Cabbage Tree Bay Aquatic Reserve.

Sydney Heads
The Sydney Heads (also simply known as the Heads) are a series of headlands that form the 2 km (1.2 mi) wide entrance to Sydney Harbour in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. North Head and Quarantine Head are to the north; South Head and Dunbar Head are to the south; and Middle Head, Georges Head, and Chowder Head are to the west and within the harbour. The Heads are contained within the Sydney Harbour National Park.

Some features located on the heads are heritage-listed on the Australian National Heritage List; such as the Hornby Lighthouse, located on South Head, Australia's third-oldest lighthouse; Macquarie Lighthouse, Australia's first lighthouse, located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south on Dunbar Head; and the former Quarantine Station on North Head.
Philip W. Jackson
Philip Wesley Jackson (December 2, 1928, in Vineland – July 21, 2015, in Chicago) was an American pedagogue who was professor emeritus at the University of Chicago. During his career, he also served as president of the American Educational Research Association and of the John Dewey Society. He coined the phrase "hidden curriculum" in his 1968 book entitled Life in Classrooms, in a section about the need for students to master the institutional expectations of school.

American Educational Research Association
The American Educational Research Association (AERA, /ˈɛərə/, AIR-ə) is a professional organization representing education researchers in the United States and around the world.

Founded in 1916, the organization represents a range of disciplines, including education, psychology, statistics, sociology, history, economics, philosophy, anthropology, and political science.

AERA has 25,000 members, including scientists, teachers, students, administrators, representatives of state and local agencies, counselors, and evaluators.

AERA's mission is to advance knowledge about education and promote the use of research in educational practices both nationally and abroad.
Allan McManus
Allan William McManus (born 17 November 1974 in Paisley, Renfrewshire) is a Scottish former professional football player and coach. He played for Hearts, Livingston, Alloa Athletic, Ayr United, Airdrie United, St Johnstone, Greenock Morton, Dumbarton, Arbroath and the now defunct Airdrie.

Arbroath F.C.
Arbroath Football Club is a semi-professional Scottish football club based in the town of Arbroath, Angus. They currently play in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded in 1878 and plays home matches at Gayfield Park. They play in maroon strips and are nicknamed "The Red Lichties" due to the red light that used to guide fishing boats back from the North Sea to the Burgh's harbour. The Red Lichties share a long-standing and fierce rivalry with local neighbours Montrose, as well as with fellow local sides Forfar Athletic and Brechin City.
Fly Films
FLY Films is a video production and film production company based in Shanghai, China. The company was started in 2004 by Eric Ransdell and Norman Wong.

Services range from pre-production, production, and post-production to crewing, directing, and producing. Their clients include many of the world's largest television networks and multinational corporations. FLY Films works with many foreign broadcasters, such as STAR World, BBC, MTV, ABC (USA), and ESPN, as well as Chinese networks, such as Shanghai Media Group and CCTV News, to coordinate and crew their entertainment productions in China.  FLY Films also specializes in corporate work that is produced to an international broadcast standard, clients include Alfred Dunhill,  Starbucks, Johnnie Walker, Nike, Intel, Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts, and General Motors.

Pre-production
Pre-production is the process of planning some of the elements involved in a film, television show, play, video game, or other performance, as distinct from production and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced.
Paap
Paap (transl. sin) is a 2003 Indian crime thriller film, directed by Pooja Bhatt in her directorial debut, and features John Abraham, Udita Goswami, Gulshan Grover and Mohan Agashe. The film received mixed reviews from critics, praising its cinematography, and direction, but criticism for the screenplay. The film is remembered for its soundtrack and also marked the Bollywood debut of singer Rahat Fateh Ali Khan with "Mann Ki Lagan".

The film was inspired by Witness (1985).

Witness (1985 film)
Witness is a 1985 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Peter Weir. Starring Harrison Ford, its plot focuses on a police detective protecting an Amish woman and her son, who becomes a target after he witnesses a brutal murder in a Philadelphia railroad station.

Filmed in 1984, Witness was released theatrically by Paramount Pictures in February 1985. The film received positive reviews upon release and became a sleeper hit, grossing over $117.37 million worldwide. At the 58th Academy Awards, it earned eight nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actor for Ford, winning Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing. It was also nominated for seven BAFTA Awards, winning one for Maurice Jarre's score, and six Golden Globe Awards. William Kelley and Earl W. Wallace won the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay and the 1986 Edgar Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay presented by the Mystery Writers of America.
Zar Points
Zar Points (ZP) is a statistically derived method for evaluating contract bridge hands developed by Zar Petkov. The statistical research Petkov conducted in the areas of hand evaluation and bidding is useful to bridge players, regardless of their bidding or hand evaluation system. The research showed that the Milton Work point count method, even when adjusted for distribution, is not sufficiently accurate in evaluating all hands. As a result, players often make incorrect or sub-optimal bids. Zar Points are designed to take many additional factors into consideration by assigning points to each factor based on statistical weight. While most of these factors are already implicitly taken into account by experienced players, Zar Points provides a quantitative method that allows them to be incorporated into bidding.

Precision Club
Precision Club is a bidding system in the game of contract bridge. It is a strong club system developed in 1969 for C. C. Wei by Alan Truscott, and used by Taiwan teams in 1969. Their success in placing second at the 1969 Bermuda Bowl (and Wei's multimillion-dollar publicity campaign) launched the system's popularity.

The central feature of the Precision system is that an opening bid of one club is used for any hand with 16 or more high card points (HCP), regardless of distribution. An opening bid of one of a major suit signifies a five-card suit and 11–15 HCP. A one notrump opening bid signifies a balanced hand (no five-card major suit) and 13–15 HCP.
Hot in Cleveland season 4
The fourth season of the TV Land original sitcom Hot in Cleveland premiered on November 28, 2012 and concluded September 4, 2013. It consisted of 24 episodes, split into 12-episode winter and summer segments. The series stars Valerie Bertinelli, Wendie Malick, Jane Leeves, and Betty White.

TV Land
TV Land is an American pay television channel owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation through its networks division's MTV Entertainment Group. It was originally launched as Nick at Nite's TV Land as a spin-off of the Nick at Nite programing block consisting exclusively of classic television shows. The channel now airs a combination of recent and classic television series (ranging from the 1960s to the 2020s), as well as  limited theatrically released movies. In the 2010s, the network aired original scripted series. The network is headquartered at One Astor Plaza in New York City. As of November 2023, TV Land is available to approximately 67,000,000 pay television households in the United States; this is down from its 2011 peak of 98,000,000 households.
Selangor Islamic University
The Selangor Islamic University (UIS; Malay: 'Universiti Islam Selangor') is a private university located in Bandar Seri Putra, Bangi, Selangor. The university was formerly a university college, before upgraded to a full-fledged university on 13 October 2022. The Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah, had presented the official instrument of the change to Higher Education Ministry secretary-general Abdul Razak Jaafar at Istana Bukit Kayangan. The university moved to its current location in 2000, when the new campus was officially opened by Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah.

Ministry of Higher Education (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE; Malay: Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi; Jawi: کمنترين ڤنديديقن تيڠݢي ‎) is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for higher education, polytechnic, community college, student loan, accreditation, student volunteer. Its main office is in Putrajaya. The ministry was formed on 27 March 2004, merged back into the Ministry of Education on 14 May 2013, but then reformed on 28 July 2015. After the 2018 general election, the ministry became a higher education division under the MOE. In the Muhyiddin cabinet, the higher education division was separated again from the Ministry of Education to form as a new ministry since 10 March 2020.
Wasps Netball
Wasps Netball were an English netball team based at the Coventry Building Society Arena in Coventry, Warwickshire. Wasps Netball was formed in 2016 as a partnership with the Premiership Rugby team, Wasps RFC. Since 2017 their senior team has played in the Netball Superleague. They were Superleague champions in 2017 and 2018. The holding company for the team were placed in insolvency on 17 October 2022 and a new company called "Wasps Netball Limited" was incorporated with Companies House on 26 October 2022.

British Fast5 Netball All-Stars Championship
The British Fast5 Netball All-Stars Championship is a Fast5 netball pre-season tournament featuring teams from the Netball Superleague. The rules of the tournament are similar, though not identical, to the Fast5 Netball World Series. In 2017 Loughborough Lightning won the inaugural championship.
Sultan Balkhi
Ibrahim Shah Sultan Balkhi (Bengali: শাহ সুলতান বলখী, Persian: شاه سلطان بلخی), also known by his sobriquet, Mahisawar (Bengali: মাহিসওয়ার, Persian: ماهی سوار, romanized: Mâhi-Savâr, lit. 'Fish-rider'), was a  14th-century Muslim saint. He is associated with the spread of Islam in Sandwip and Bogra.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Old Lodge
Old Lodge is a  103.1-hectare (255-acre) Local Nature Reserve west of Crowborough in East Sussex. It is privately owned.  It is managed by Sussex Wildlife Trust. It is part of Ashdown Forest, which is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a Special Area of Conservation, a Special Protection Area and a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

This highland site is mainly grassland and heather, with areas of gorse and scattered birch, oak, and Scots pine trees. Birds include common redstart and common crossbills and there are large nests of red wood ants.

Crowborough
Crowborough is a town and civil parish in East Sussex, England, in the Weald at the edge of Ashdown Forest and the highest town in the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

It is located 7 miles (11 km) south-west of Royal Tunbridge Wells and 33 miles (53 km)  south of London. It had a population of 21,688 at the 2021 Census, making it the second largest town in inland East Sussex after Hailsham.

The highest point in the town is 242 m (794 ft) above sea level, making it the second highest point in East Sussex after Ditchling Beacon.
Starye Bobovichi
Starye Bobovichi is a village in the Novozybkovsky District, Bryansk Oblast of Russia.

The AFP reported in 2016 that it still has high radioactivity (30 times the recommended level) due to the Chernobyl disaster, 180 kilometres (110 miles) southeast.

Bryansk Oblast
Bryansk Oblast (Russian: Бря́нская о́бласть, romanized: Bryanskaya oblastʹ), also known as Bryanshchina (Брянщина, IPA: [ˈbrʲænʲɕːɪnə]), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Bryansk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,169,161.
2013 Intersport Heilbronn Open – Doubles
Johan Brunström and Frederik Nielsen were the defending champions but Nielsen decided not to participate.
Brunström played alongside Raven Klaasen and successfully defended the title by defeating Jordan Kerr and Andreas Siljeström 6–3, 0–6, [12–10] in the final.

Jordan Kerr
Jordan Kerr (born 26 October 1979, in Adelaide) is a retired Australian professional tennis player.

Kerr reached a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 356, which he achieved on 7 August 2000. Additionally, he reached a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 23, achieved on 18 August 2008.

Kerr represented Australia in the men's doubles at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, losing in the opening round to the eventual silver medallists from Sweden.

Kerr was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.
Brandon Kavanagh
Brandon Kavanagh (born 21 September 2000) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for League of Ireland Premier Division club Drogheda United. His previous clubs are Shamrock Rovers, Bray Wanderers, Derry City and St Patrick's Athletic.

Leinster Senior Cup (association football)
The Leinster Senior Cup is an association football cup competition organized by the Leinster Football Association. It is currently contested by LFA affiliated League of Ireland clubs, Leinster Senior League Senior Division clubs and invited teams from the various LFA affiliated junior leagues. Before the introduction of the FAI Cup, it was considered the major cup competition for clubs in what is now the Republic of Ireland. It is also the oldest association football cup competition in the Republic of Ireland.
St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland
St. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932.

Parish (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a parish (Latin: parochia) is a stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a parish priest (Latin: parochus), under the authority of the diocesan bishop. It is the lowest ecclesiastical subdivision in the Catholic episcopal polity, and the primary constituent unit of a diocese or eparchy. Parishes are extant in both the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches. In the 1983 Code of Canon Law, parishes are constituted under cc. 515–552, entitled "Parishes, Pastors, and Parochial Vicars."
Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao
Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao (KIM) was a dedicated organization that sought to establish an independent state in Mindanao, Philippines. The group was led by an Afghan-trained cleric known as Humam Abdul Najid. It was sometimes described as an umbrella organization composed of the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), the Abu Sayyaf (ASG) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). According to the Philippine Institute for Peace, Violence and Terrorism Research, the KIM had five founders; Zulkifli Abdhir, who was killed on January 25, 2015 by Special Action Force officers during the raid that culminated in the Mamasapano clash, Amir M, Amir Abtol Rahman, Amir Kuptu and Amir Humam Abdul Najid. The group had reportedly adopted the flag of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.

Armed Forces of the Philippines chief, Emmanuel Bautista, confirmed the existence of the group in August 2013, although reports about the group were made as early as two years before.

Emmanuel Bautista
Emmanuel Trinidad Bautista (born July 20, 1958) is a Filipino general who served as the 44th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines as he succeeded Gen. Jessie Dellosa as AFP Chief. He served as the Executive Director of the Cabinet Cluster on Security, Justice, and Peace at the Office of the President, Malacañang. His appointment as Undersecretary at the Office of the President was from 1 September 2014 to 22 June 2020 shortly after retirement from the military service as Chief of Staff, Armed Forces of the Philippines. Concurrently, he headed the National Task Force on the Whole of Nation Initiative and was also the executive Director of the National Task Force on the West Philippine Sea. He was succeeded by Gregorio Pio Catapang as AFP chief.
Varteg railway station
Varteg railway station was a railway station which served the village of Varteg, in the county of Monmouthshire, on the Brynmawr and Blaenavon Railway. Built by the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) as an expansion to meet the Great Western Railway (GWR) at Abersychan and Talywain. It was sometimes referred to on old Ordnance Survey and British Railway Clearing House (RCH) as 'Varteg Halt', despite it having an extensive station building.

Railway Clearing House
The Railway Clearing House (RCH) was an organisation set up to manage the allocation of revenue collected by pre-grouping railway companies for the conveyance of passengers and goods over the lines (or using the rolling stock) of other companies. It went on to become the major regulatory body overseeing the day-to-day running of railways in Great Britain and setting common standards for railway companies, which ensured their safety and interoperability. The RCH also produced fare structures governing many aspects of rail transport at a national level and set limits on price increases for passenger travel.
Camará Dam
The Camará Dam was a dam located on the Mamanguape River in Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. It burst on June 17, 2004, flooding towns of Alagoa Grande and Mulungu. At least three people died by drowning.

Mamanguape River
The Mamanguape River is a river in the Paraíba state, Northeastern Brazil.

Part of the river basin is in the 4,052 hectares (10,010 acres) Guaribas Biological Reserve, a fully protected conservation unit created in 1990.
Stranda IL
Stranda Idrottslag is a Norwegian multi-sports club based in the village of Stranda which is located in Stranda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county. It has sections for association football, team handball, basketball, alpine skiing, Nordic skiing, table tennis and climbing.

The club was founded on 15 August 1914.

The men's football team plays in the Fifth Division, the sixth tier of Norwegian football. After playing on the third tier, Stranda was relegated from the Second Division in 1992 and had stints in the Third Division from 1993 to 1994 and 1996 to 1999. Winning promotion to the 2000 Norwegian Second Division, they faced relegation after the season. Several stints in the Third Division followed, with the longest—and final—taking place from 2010 to 2013

The women's football team plays in the Fifth Division.

Its most accomplished sportspeople are alpine skier Bjarne Solbakken and handballer Ragnhild Fausa.

2013 Norwegian Third Division
The 2013 season of the 3. divisjon, the fourth highest association football league for men in Norway.

Between 22 and 26 games (depending on group size) are played in 12 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Twelve group winners are promoted to the 2. divisjon.
Paulina of Rome
Saint Paulina (died c. 302) was a Roman martyr. Her feast day is celebrated on June 6.

Saint Paulina was the daughter of Saints Artemius and Candida of Rome. She was converted to Christianity by Saint Peter the Exorcist and baptized by Saint Marcellinus. According to tradition, she was martyred by being buried alive under a pile of stones.

In 1622 Pope Gregory XV donated remains attributed to her to Jesuit Mutio Vitelleschi. In 1623 his subordinate Mikołaj Łęczycki transported the remains to the town of Olomouc which was hit by Plague pandemic. Archbishop Franz von Dietrichstein named Paulina patron saint of the city and local archdiocese.

Pope Gregory XV
Pope Gregory XV (Latin: Gregorius XV; Italian: Gregorio XV; 9 January 1554 – 8 July 1623), born Alessandro Ludovisi, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 February 1621 until his death in 1623. He is notable for founding the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, an organization tasked with overseeing the spread of Catholicism and missionary work. Gregory XV was also responsible for the canonization of Saints Ignatius of Loyola, Francis Xavier, Teresa of Ávila, and Philip Neri, which solidified his commitment to the Counter-Reformation.
Blomosuchus
Blomosuchus is an extinct genus of archosauriform from the Early Triassic of Russia. The type species was named in 1992 as Blomia georgii. However, the name Blomia was preoccupied by a genus of mites in the family Glycyphagidae (Blomia), so the genus was renamed Blomosuchus in 1997. Fossils of Blomosuchus have been found along the Vetluga River besides fossils of another problematic archosauriform, Vonhuenia (both were named in a 1992 study of Triassic fossils from Russia).

The holotype material of Blomosuchus is based on a partially preserved braincase, and upon further examination, it was determined that these bones could not be used to diagnose the species. It is currently considered to be a nomen dubium.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.