hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical skin conductance
Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) is an objective, non-invasive and quantitative electrophysiological measure of skin conductance through the application of a pulsating direct current on the skin. It is based on reverse iontophoresis and steady chronoamperometry (more specifically chronovoltametry). ESC is intended to provide insight into and assess sudomotor (or sweat gland) function and small fiber peripheral neuropathy. The measure was principally developed by Impeto Medical to diagnose cystic fibrosis from historical research at the Mayo Clinic and then tested on other diseases with peripheral neuropathic alterations in general. It was later integrated into health connected scales by Withings. Withings's researchers, including now the inventors of the technology, released at the end of 2024 a scientific paper describing the whole technology, ranging from its origin, medical validation, and future applications.

Siemens (unit)
The siemens (symbol: S) is the unit of electric conductance, electric susceptance, and electric admittance in the International System of Units (SI). Conductance, susceptance, and admittance are the reciprocals of resistance, reactance, and impedance respectively; hence one siemens is equal to the reciprocal of one ohm (Ω−1) and is also referred to as the mho. The siemens was adopted by the IEC in 1935, and the 14th General Conference on Weights and Measures approved the addition of the siemens as a derived unit in 1971.

The unit is named after Ernst Werner von Siemens. In English, the same word siemens is used both for the singular and plural. Like other SI units named after people, the name of the unit (siemens) is not capitalized. Its symbol (S), however, is capitalized to distinguish it from the second, whose symbol (s) is lower case.

The related property, electrical conductivity, is measured in units of siemens per metre (S/m).
Gin and Juice
"Gin and Juice" is a song by American rapper Snoop Doggy Dogg. It was released on January 18, 1994, by Death Row and Interscope Records as the second single from his debut album, Doggystyle (1993). The song was produced by Dr. Dre and contains an interpolation from Slave's "Watching You" in its chorus and a sample from "I Get Lifted" by George McCrae. Tony Green created its bassline; additional vocalists on the song include Dat Nigga Daz, Jewell, Heney Loc, and Sean "Barney" Thomas. "Gin and Juice" peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. It earned a gold certification from the RIAA and sold 700,000 copies. The accompanying music video features a parody of the 1990 movie Home Alone.

"Gin and Juice" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance at the 37th Annual Grammy Awards. It was listed as number eight on VH1's "100 Greatest Hip-Hop Songs".

Interpolation (popular music)
In popular music, interpolation (also called a replayed sample) refers to using a melody—or portions of a melody (often with modified lyrics)—from a previously recorded song but re-recording the melody instead of directly sampling it. Interpolation is often cited as a legal defence to mask unlicensed sampling when the artist or label who owns the recording of the music declines to license the sample, or if licensing the piece of music is considered too costly.
Samuel J. Murray
Samuel J. Murray (March 7, 1851 – August 23, 1915) was a New York printer's apprentice, inventor, and businessman. At the time of his death at age sixty-five, Murray was vice president and treasurer of the United States Playing Card Company, and a director of the W. B. Oglesby Paper Company of Middletown, Ohio. His block of stock in the United States Playing Card Company was said to be worth $1,000,000.

Called "a mechanical genius, the marvel and admiration of the technical and inventive world", Murray made his mark on the United States Playing Card Company by creating and installing manufacturing equipment, such as an automatic punch machine which "increased the output of cards fourfold" and reduced labor costs by sixty-six percent. With the automatic punch machine, great sheets of paper were fed into the machine and came out as complete packs of playing cards, printed in four colors.

John F. Ahearn
John F. Ahearn (April 18, 1853 – December 19, 1920) was an American politician and publisher. A prominent New York City political figure and a member of the Tammany Hall political machine, he served in the New York State Assembly, the New York State Senate, and as Manhattan Borough President. He was owner of the T. J. Hayes Printing Company which published plays and other works related to the theatre.
HMHS China
HMHS China was a hospital ship that served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. She was launched in 1896 for P&O as RMS China from Harland and Wolff in Belfast.

Four crew from the ship died after hitting a mine in a whaler while China was moored at Scapa Flow.

Royal Navy during the First World War
The Royal Navy during the First World War entered the conflict as the world's most powerful fleet, maintaining British naval supremacy since the victory at Trafalgar in 1805. However, the war brought unprecedented challenges and setbacks for the Royal Navy. At the pivotal Battle of Jutland in 1916, the Navy suffered its first major fleet defeat since Trafalgar, shaking confidence in its unassailable dominance. The Royal Navy also faced serious difficulties countering the German U-boat threat, leading to heavy shipping losses and a critical failure to provide adequate convoys and escorts in the war’s early years. Strategic ambitions were further frustrated by the unsuccessful Dardanelles Campaign of 1915, an attempt to force open a sea route to Russia which ended in failure and heavy losses. Meanwhile, the conflict saw the advent of the airplane in naval warfare, introducing new reconnaissance and combat roles that began to reshape naval strategy and operations.
2nd Battalion, 23d Marines
2nd Battalion, 23rd Marines (2/23) is a reserve infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps located throughout the Western United States consisting of approximately 1000 Marines and Sailors.  They fall under the command of the 23rd Marine Regiment and the 4th Marine Division.

United States Marine Corps Reserve
The Marine Forces Reserve (MARFORRES or MFR), also known as the United States Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR) and the U.S. Marine Corps Forces Reserve, is the reserve force of the United States Marine Corps. The Marine Corps Reserve is an expeditionary, warfighting organization and primarily designed to augment and reinforce the active duty units of the Marine Corps in their expeditionary role. It is the largest command, by assigned personnel, in the U.S. Marine Corps.

Marines in the Reserve go through the same training and work in the same Military Occupational Specialties (MOS) as their active-duty counterparts. The United States Marine Corps Reserve was established when Congress passed the Naval Appropriations Act of 29 August 1916, and is responsible for providing trained units and qualified individuals to be mobilized for active duty in time of war, national emergency, or contingency operations.
Strategic Plans Division Force
The Strategic Plans Division Force (reporting name:SPD Force) is a paramilitary unit responsible for safeguarding Pakistan's nuclear arsenal, including both tactical and strategic nuclear weapons, as well as the security of nuclear facilities where these weapons and materials are produced and stored.

It is the security branch of the Strategic Plans Division (SPD) which in turn acts as the certification secretariat of National Command Authority.

Tactical nuclear weapon
A tactical nuclear weapon (TNW) or non-strategic nuclear weapon (NSNW) is a nuclear weapon that is designed to be used on a battlefield in military situations, mostly with friendly forces in proximity and perhaps even on contested friendly territory. Generally smaller in explosive power, they are defined in contrast to strategic nuclear weapons, which are designed mostly to be targeted at the enemy interior far away from the war front against military bases, cities, towns, arms industries, and other hardened or larger-area targets to damage the enemy's ability to wage war. No tactical nuclear weapons have ever been used in combat.
At War with the Mystics
At War with the Mystics is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Flaming Lips, released on April 3, 2006, by Warner Bros. Records. The album is more guitar-driven and features more politically themed lyrics than the band's previous two albums The Soft Bulletin (1999) and Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots (2002). It is the groups' first album featuring contributions from drummer Kliph Scurlock despite not being credited alongside the rest of the band until the following album, Embryonic.

At War with the Mystics won a 2006 Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, and was also nominated for Best Alternative Album. By 2009, the album had sold over 220,000 copies in United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.

Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album
The Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album is an award presented to recording artists for quality albums in the alternative genre at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards. Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position". In 2023, it was joined by a companion category, Best Alternative Music Performance.
Romanza (Sephardic music)
The romanza or romanca is a variant of the medieval Spanish musical romance or ballad which is one of the two main genres of Sephardic music. The text consists of 16-syllable verses, each one divided in the middle into a pair of isometric hemistiches of 8 syllables by a cesura.

Caesura
A caesura (/sɪˈzjʊərə/, pl. caesuras or caesurae; Latin for "cutting"), also written cæsura and cesura, is a metrical pause or break in a verse where one phrase ends and another phrase begins. It may be expressed by a comma (,), a tick (✓), or two lines, either slashed (//) or upright (||). In time value, this break may vary between the slightest perception of silence all the way up to a full pause.
Saaya (novel)
Saaya is a 2014 Nepali novel by Subin Bhattarai. It published by Fine Print in 2014 as sequel to Summer love.

Bhattarai's third book and second novel, the plot concerns how the misunderstanding in Summer love cleared and how they convince their family.  It was a best selling book in Nepal and it was reprinted in the same month August, and was one of the best-selling books in the country for the year. The book was launched by actresses Garima Panta and Keki Adhikari, and author Bhattarai himself at Nepal Academy, Kamaladi.

Keki Adhikari
Keki Adhikari (Nepali: केकी अधिकारी; born 17 December 1985) is a Nepalese film actress.  She has appeared in  music videos, television commercials, print ads and Nepali movies. She started off her career featuring in music videos before she made her acting debut with Swor opposite Raj Ballav Koirala. She subsequently earned wide recognition for her performances in I Am Sorry, Masan, Mayako Barima, Mahasus, Biteka Pal and Mero Best Friend. She recently made her debut in theater with historical play Chaarumati.
Washington Huskies baseball
The Washington Huskies baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball team of the University of Washington, located in Seattle, Washington, United States. The program has been a member of the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference since the start of the 2025 season, preceded by the Pac-12 Conference and the Pacific Coast Conference.

The team has played at Husky Ballpark since 1998; the on-campus venue was renovated extensively for the start of the 2014 season. Jason Kelly has been the program's head coach since the start of the 2023 season. The program has appeared in nine NCAA tournaments. It has won two Pac-10 North-South Division playoffs, six Pac-10 North Division Titles, eight PCC North Division Titles, and two PCC Regular season Championships. As of the start of the 2014 season, 18 former Huskies have appeared in the major leagues.

Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball
The Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball team represents the Georgia Institute of Technology in NCAA Division I college baseball.  Along with most other Georgia Tech athletic teams, the baseball team participates in the Atlantic Coast Conference.  The Yellow Jackets play their home games in Russ Chandler Stadium and they are currently coached by James Ramsey.
Amlodipine/benazepril
Amlodipine/benazepril, sold under the brand name Lotrel among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat high blood pressure. It is a combination of amlodipine, as the besilate, a calcium channel blocker, and benazepril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. It may be used if a single agent is not sufficient. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include cough, dizziness, and swelling. Serious side effects may include angioedema, myocardial infarction, high blood potassium, liver problems, and low blood pressure. Use in pregnancy is not recommended. Amlodipine works by increasing the size of arteries while benazepril works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 1995. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 186th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.

Benzenesulfonic acid
Benzenesulfonic acid (conjugate base benzenesulfonate) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C6H6O3S. It is the simplest aromatic sulfonic acid. It forms white deliquescent sheet crystals or a white waxy solid that is soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in benzene and insoluble in nonpolar solvents like diethyl ether. It is often stored in the form of alkali metal salts. Its aqueous solution is strongly acidic.
Ausmus
Ausmus is a surname found in the United States. Notable people with this surname include:

Brad Ausmus (born 1969), an American baseball player and coach

Emily Ausmus (born 2005), an American water polo player

J. C. Ausmus, an American politician from Kentucky

Jeremy Ausmus (born 1979), an American poker player

J. C. Ausmus
J. C. "Bo" Ausmus III (born 1954) is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1999 to 2001. Ausmus was elected in 1998 after incumbent representative Michael Bowling retired. He did not seek reelection in 2000.
Enactone
Enactone is a 2016 independent experimental feature film written and directed by American multimedia artist and DJ Sky Deep (Sky Dietrich). Taglined "A Queer Vampire Story," the film has been recognized as a significant work within the "female gaze" and feminist film movements. Major national and industry publications, including The Herald, Metro, and Beatportal, have cited the film for its intersectional approach to the horror and erotic genres.

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
Tina Zajc
Tina Zajc (born 1983 in Ljubljana) is a  Slovene model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Slovenia 2003 and participated the Miss World 2003 competition but did not place. At the time, she was a 19-year-old geology student, studying earthquakes and volcanoes. She also had a modelling and acting career, and had recorded a song. As the winner of Miss Slovenia 2003, she won a Peugeot 206 car, a ring, a set of Samsonite suitcases, and an all-expense trip to the Miss World competition held in China in December 2003. She liked crime novels, horror films and comedy, and spoke English and German, and Croat.

Miss World 2003
Miss World 2003 was the 53rd edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China, on December 6, 2003. It was the first time that the Miss World pageant held in China.

Azra Akın of Turkey crowned Rosanna Davison of Ireland as her successor at the end of the event. It is Ireland's first victory in the history of the pageant.

106 contestants competed in this year's pageant, surpassing the previous record of 95 contestants in 2000. The pageant was hosted by Phil Keoghan, Amanda Byram, and Angela Chow. Luis Fonsi and Bryan Ferry performed in this year's pageant.
Loncopan Airport
Loncopan Airport Spanish: Aeropuerto Loncopan, (ICAO: SCFU) is an airstrip 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west-northwest of Futrono, a lakeside town on Ranco Lake in the Los Ríos Region of Chile. The runway parallels the highway just south of the village of Nontuela.

Los Ríos Region
The Los Ríos Region  (Spanish: Región de Los Ríos, pronounced [los ˈri.os], lit. Region of the Rivers) is one of Chile's 16 regions, the country's first-order administrative divisions. Its capital is Valdivia. It began to operate as a region on October 2, 2007, having been created by subdividing the Los Lagos Region in southern Chile. It consists of two provinces: Valdivia and the newly created Ranco Province, which was formerly part of Valdivia Province.
Norway–Sudan relations
Norway–Sudan relations are the bilateral relations between Norway and Sudan. Sudan has an embassy in Oslo. Norway has an embassy in Khartoum.

Norway is a donor of humanitarian aid to Sudan. Norway played a key role in the negotiations for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between Northern Sudan and Southern Sudan to end the Second Sudanese Civil War.

Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army. It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile. It lasted for almost 22 years and is one of the longest civil wars on record. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan 6 years after the war ended.

Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous human rights violations, including slavery and mass killings.
Rana Abu Fraihah
Rana Abu Fraihah (Arabic: رنا أبو فريحة, Hebrew: רנא אבו פריחה; born October 8, 1990) is an Israeli documentary filmmaker and videographer. Her best-known work is the film In Her Footsteps, which documents her family's story.

Videography
Videography involves capturing moving images on electronic media (such as: videotape, direct to disk recording, or solid state storage), and can include streaming media. It encompasses both video production and post-production methods. Historically videography was considered the video counterpart to cinematography, which involved recording moving images on film stock. However, with the advent of digital video recording in the late 20th century, the distinction between the two has become less clear as  both use similar intermediary mechanisms. Today, any video work can be referred to as videography, while commercial motion picture production is typically termed cinematography.

A videographer works in the field of videography and video production. News broadcasting heavily relies on live television, where videographers are involved in electronic news gathering (ENG) of local news stories.
David Govrin
David Govrin (born 1963) is an Israeli writer and diplomat, served as an Israeli ambassador to Egypt and Morocco. Since 2025 he serves as a lecturer at the Reichman University on Diplomacy and Middle East.

Reichman University
Reichman University (Hebrew: אוניברסיטת רייכמן) is a private university located in Herzliya, a city in the northern Tel Aviv District of the central coast of Israel. It was founded in 1994 as the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya (IDC Herzliya, Hebrew: המרכז הבינתחומי הרצליה) private college, before being rebranded in 2021.

It receives no direct government funding, and in August 2021 became Israel's first private university.  There are only two private universities in Israel, Reichman and the College of Management Academic Studies.
Carpineti
Carpineti (Reggiano: Carpnèida [karpˈnɛi̯da], locally Carpnéda) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Bologna and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Reggio Emilia.

Carpineti borders the following municipalities: Baiso, Casina, Castelnovo ne' Monti, Toano, Viano, Villa Minozzo.

Emilian language
Emilian (Reggiano, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân; Bolognese: emigliàn; Piacentino: emigliän; Italian: emiliano) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia, which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna.

Emilian has a default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian (Tuscan) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics.
William Crowche
William Crowche (by 1503–1586), of Englishcombe and Wellow, Somerset, was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Calne in 1529, for Leominster in 1547, for Bath in April 1554 and November 1554 and for Melcombe Regis in 1555.

Englishcombe
Englishcombe is a village and civil parish in Bath and North East Somerset just south-west of Bath, England. The parish, which also includes the hamlets of Inglesbatch and Nailwell, had a population of 318 at the 2011 census.
Lesińce
Lesińce [lɛˈɕiɲt͡sɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Kartuzy
Gmina Kartuzy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kartuzy, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 205.28 square kilometres (79.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 31,100 (out of which the population of Kartuzy amounts to 15,263, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,837).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.
Lake Erie Watershed (Pennsylvania)
Lake Erie Watershed is a major drainage catchment in northwestern Pennsylvania, United States, consisting of lands with direct runoff and sub-watersheds with waterways that flow into Lake Erie and Presque Isle Bay from Crawford and Erie counties, as well as from New York. The watershed is part of the Lake Erie Basin.

Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Crawford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,938. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named for Colonel William Crawford. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.

Crawford County comprises the Meadville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Erie-Meadville combined statistical area.