hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feliks Góralczyk
Feliks Góralczyk (14 January 1950 – 16 June 1980) was a Polish ice hockey player. He played for Fortuna Wyry and Baildon Katowice during his career. He also played for the Polish national team at the 1972 Winter Olympics and 1970 World Championship, as well as the lower division tournaments in 1971 and 1972. During the last game of the 1972 Group B tournament, against Yugoslavia, Góralczyk fell on the ice and was hit in the eye by the back of a Yugoslav player's skate; the injury cost Góralczyk his eye, and he had to retire. Depressed from the injury, he died in 1980. His brother, Robert, played at the 1972 and 1976 Winter Olympics.

1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.
Swire Smith
Sir Swire Smith (4 March 1842 – 16 March 1918) was an English woollen manufacturer, educationalist and Liberal Party politician. In many ways he was typical of the public-spirited, self-made Victorian. Of nonconformist lineage, he believed in social and intellectual improvement, the virtues of hard work and thrift and the role of the Liberal Party in the encouragement and promotion of this ethic.

Woolen
Woolen (American English) or woollen (Commonwealth English) is a type of yarn made from carded wool.  Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator, and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn, in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather than carded, producing a hard, strong yarn.
United Tenants League
The United Tenants League of Greater New York (UTL), was a tenant association representing tenants across the New York Metro Area, consisting of a federation of tenant unions. It was most influential as its predecessor, the City Wide Tenants Council, lobbying for the passage of Housing Act of 1937, Minkoff Act of 1939, and the development of public housing projects within NYC.

During its UTL period it was less singularly influential on tenant issues but was joined by a broader coalition in the movement, which collectively successful pushed for the imposition of OPA rent controls within NYC. It then eventually waned in influence, and disintegrated sometime in 1945.

Office of Price Administration
The Office of Price Administration (OPA) was established within the Office for Emergency Management of the United States government by Executive Order 8875 on August 28, 1941. The functions of the OPA were originally to control money (price controls) and rents after the outbreak of World War II.
France Križanič
France Križanič (3 March 1928 – 17 January 2002) was a Slovene mathematician, author of numerous books and textbooks on mathematics. He was professor of mathematical analysis at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the University of Ljubljana.

Križanič won the Levstik Award twice, in 1951 for his book Kratkočasna matematika (Maths for Fun) and in 1960 for Križem po matematiki and Elektronski aritmetični računalniki (Criss Cross Across Maths and Electronic Calculators).

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Buffer gas
A buffer gas is an inert or nonflammable gas.  In the Earth's atmosphere, nitrogen acts as a buffer gas.  A buffer gas adds pressure to a system and controls the speed of combustion with any oxygen present.  Any inert gas such as helium, neon, or argon will serve as a buffer gas.

A buffer gas usually consists of atomically inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen. Krypton, neon, and xenon are also used, primarily for lighting. In most scenarios, buffer gases are used in conjunction with other molecules for the main purpose of causing collisions with the other co-existing molecules.

Buffer gases are commonly used in many applications from high pressure discharge lamps to reduce line width of microwave transitions in alkali atoms.

Krypton
Krypton (from Ancient Greek: κρυπτός, romanized: kryptos 'the hidden one') is a chemical element; it has symbol Kr and atomic number 36. It is a colorless, odorless noble gas that occurs in trace amounts in the atmosphere and is often used with other rare gases in fluorescent lamps. Krypton is chemically inert.

Krypton, like the other noble gases, is used in lighting and photography. Krypton light has many spectral lines, and krypton plasma is useful in bright, high-powered gas lasers (krypton ion and excimer lasers), each of which resonates and amplifies a single spectral line. Krypton fluoride also makes a useful laser medium. From 1960 to 1983, the official definition of the metre was based on the wavelength of one spectral line of krypton-86, because of the high power and relative ease of operation of krypton discharge tubes.
Soğansuyu, Çınar
Soğansuyu (Kurdish: Kuştiya) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çınar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Hasenan tribe and had a population of 426 in 2022.

Diyarbakır Province
Diyarbakır Province (Turkish: Diyarbakır ili; Zazaki: Suke Dîyarbekîr; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. Its area is 15,101 km2, and its population is 1,804,880 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Diyarbakır. The Kurdish majority province is part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Xe Champhone Wetlands
Xe Champhone Wetlands located in Savannakhet Province, in southern Laos and includes a large plain containing perennial and seasonal river channels, scattered lakes, ponds, permanent and seasonal freshwater marshes and rice paddy fields. Xe Champhone Wetlands was declared Ramsar Convention site in 2010.

Savannakhet province
Savannakhet (Lao: ສະຫວັນນະເຂດ, pronounced [sā.wǎn nā(ʔ).kʰȅːt]) is a province of Laos.  The name of Savannakhet Province derives from old Pali-Sanskrit language, meaning “a field of gold”. The name follows from the province's previous name Savanh Nakhone ('heavenly district' or 'land of fertility suitable for agriculture'). The province is in the southern part of the country and is the largest province in Laos. It borders Khammouane province to the north, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên–Huế provinces of Vietnam to the east, Salavan province to the south, and Nakhon Phanom and Mukdahan provinces of Thailand to the west.
Sport in Ethiopia
Sports in Ethiopia include many fields. Association football is the most popular sport in Ethiopia, followed by athletics. Ethiopia is best known internationally for its middle-distance and long-distance runners. Seifu Mekonnen was an Olympic contestant for Ethiopia in boxing. The Ethiopian national football team won the 1962 African Cup of Nations. There are also traditional sports events, such as stick fighting which is popular amongst the Surma and Nyangatom people.

Nyangatom people
The Nyangatom also known as Donyiro and pejoratively as Bumé are Nilotic agro-pastoralists inhabiting the border of southwestern Ethiopia, southeastern South Sudan, and the Ilemi Triangle. They speak the Nyangatom language.
Bookshout
BookShout was a software based eBook distributor that was founded in 2010.  Their main offices were based in Dallas, TX, Fort Wayne, IN and New York, NY. It was the largest provider of bulk eBook distribution in the world and worked with all of the major U.S. publishing houses including HarperCollins, Macmillan, McGraw Hill, Penguin Random House, Perseus, Simon & Schuster, Wiley, Chronicle Books, Hachette Publishing Group, and Workman.

McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill, Inc. is an American education science company that provides educational content, software, and services for students and educators across various levels—from K-12 to higher education and professional settings. They produce textbooks, digital learning tools, and adaptive technology to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. It is one of the "big three" educational publishers along with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Pearson Education. McGraw Hill also publishes reference and trade publications for the medical, business, and engineering professions. Formerly a division of The McGraw Hill Companies (later renamed McGraw Hill Financial, now S&P Global), McGraw Hill Education was divested and acquired by Apollo Global Management in March 2013 for $2.4 billion in cash. McGraw Hill was sold in 2021 to Platinum Equity for $4.5 billion. The company is based in Columbus, Ohio.
Three-island principle
The three-island principle was a technique used in the construction of steel-hulled ships whereby a ship was built with a forecastle, bridge deck, and poop. The technique allowed the economical and efficient construction of ships and was particularly common in tramp steamers and smaller vessels of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The Knight of Malta, for instance, a 1929 steam ferry of only 16 ft draught that operated between Malta and Sicily, was built on the principle.

Deck (bridge)
A deck is the surface of a bridge.  A structural element of its superstructure, it may be constructed of concrete, steel, open grating, or wood. Sometimes the deck is covered by a railroad bed and track, asphalt concrete, or other form of pavement for ease of vehicle crossing. A concrete deck may be an integral part of the bridge structure (T-beam or double tee structure) or it may be supported with I-beams or steel girders.

When a bridge deck is installed in a through truss, it is sometimes called a floor system. A suspended bridge deck will be suspended from the main structural elements on a suspension or arch bridge. On some bridges, such as a tied-arch or a cable-stayed, the deck is a primary structural element, carrying tension or compression to support the span.

A deck bridge is one in which the deck itself is the main structural element, itself carrying the roadway.  Contrast to a truss bridge which may carry a deck on the top chords or bottom chords of a structural truss.
Midnight DJ
Midnight DJ is a Philippine drama horror television series about a Radio DJ who works at night and at the same time, together with his team, they work to find solutions to the paranormal problems of his listeners. The series aired on TV5 from August 11, 2008 to May 14, 2011, replacing Impact: Stories of Survival. One of the original Midnight DJ played by Paolo Contis (Season 1), Oyo Boy replaced him after Paolo's character died on the last episode of Season 1. The show ended on Season 11 in a different format than the previous seasons.

Paolo Contis
Paolo Enrico Tusi Contis (born March 14, 1984) is a Filipino actor, host, singer, and comedian of Italian descent. Contis debuted as a child actor in the ABS-CBN show Ang TV during the 1990s. A GMA Network artist for 20 years, he has won several acting awards.
Kristy Hill
Kristy Hiria Hill (born 1 July 1979) is a New Zealand footballer player who played as a defender for Three Kings United.

Hill made her Football Ferns debut in a 1–0 win over Argentina on 16 June 2008 and was included in the New Zealand squad for the 2008 Summer Olympics, playing in one group game; a 0–4 loss to the United States. She was also part of the New Zealand squad at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's association football tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held in Beijing and four other cities in the People's Republic of China from 6 to 21 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to send their full women's national teams.

For these Games, the women competed in a 12-team tournament. Preliminary matches commenced on 6 August, two days before the Opening Ceremony of the Games. The teams were grouped into three pools of four teams each for a round-robin preliminary round. The top two teams in each pool, as well as the best two third-place finishing teams, advanced to an eight-team single-elimination bracket.

The tournament was won by the United States, which beat Brazil 1–0 in the gold medal game. Carli Lloyd scored the game-winning goal in the 96th minute for the United States, which collected their third Olympic gold medal.
Seong Sil Kim v. New York City Transit Authority
Seong Sil Kim v. New York City Transit Authority is a lawsuit in which a woman who laid down on subway tracks in 2000 in an apparent suicide attempt was first awarded over US$14,000,000 after a train hit her. The New York City Transit Authority appealed, and in 2006 the New York Supreme Court Appellate Division, First Department overturned the jury verdict and dismissed the case.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.
Corn snake
The corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus), sometimes called red rat snake is a species of North American rat snake in the family Colubridae. The species subdues its small prey by constriction. It is found throughout the southeastern and central United States.  Though superficially resembling the venomous copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) and often killed as a result of this mistaken identity, the corn snake lacks functional venom and is harmless. The corn snake is beneficial to humans because it helps control populations of wild rodent pests that damage crops and spread disease.

Ophidiomyces
Ophidiomyces ophidiicola (formerly Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola) is the cause of ophidiomycosis also known as snake fungal disease or SFD in some species of snakes. It is a keratinophilic fungus from the family Onygenaceae of the order Onygenales. O. ophidiicola is an emerging pathogen of captive and wild snakes in North America and Europe. Clinical signs include skin swelling, crusts, and nodules of the skin. The mode of transmission is unknown, but is speculated to occur with direct contact between snakes or with the contaminated environment. Currently no treatment for O. ophidiicola is available.  O. ophidiicola was identified by Sigler, Hambleton & Paré in 2013. O. ophidiicola is the only species in the genus Ophidiomyces. It was previously known as Chrysosporium ophiodiicola and is closely related to Chrysosporium anamorph Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV).
Bill Hardiman
William Clyde Hardiman III is an American Republican politician from Michigan. He was the mayor of Kentwood, Michigan from 1992 to 2002. He then ran for Michigan state senate in 2002 in the 29th district, defeating Steve Pestka, and served from 2003 to 2011, when he retired due to term limits. He ran unsuccessfully for Congress in Michigan's 3rd congressional district. In June 2011 he joined the Michigan Department of Human Services, where he focuses on services for veterans.

Hardiman is a veteran himself, having served in the United States Army in Vietnam during the Vietnam War as a medic in an artillery unit from 1967 to 1968. He also served with the Americal Division and became a Specialist 5.

He has an associate degree from Grand Rapids Community College, a bachelor's degree from Grand Valley State University, and a master's degree in public affairs from Western Michigan University.

Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University (GVSU, GV, or Grand Valley) is a public university in Allendale, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1960 as Grand Valley State College. Its main campus is situated on 1,322 acres (5.35 km2) approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Grand Rapids. The university also features campuses in Grand Rapids and Holland and regional centers in Battle Creek, Detroit, Muskegon, and Traverse City.

GVSU enrolled more than 22,000 students as of fall 2025 from 82 of 83 Michigan counties and dozens of other states and foreign countries. It employed nearly 4,000 people, with about 1,800 faculty and 2,000 staff. The university has alumni from 50 U.S. states, Canada, and 25 other countries.

GVSU's NCAA Division II sports teams are the Lakers and they compete in the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLIAC) in all 20 intercollegiate varsity sports. They have won 31 NCAA Division II National Championships.
2019–20 CONCACAF Nations League qualifying
The qualifying phase of the 2019–20 CONCACAF Nations League was a one-off tournament that took place from 6 September 2018 to 24 March 2019. The qualifying determined the seeding for the group phase of the inaugural tournament, as well as determining the remaining ten teams that qualified for the 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

UTC−05:00
UTC−05:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of −05:00. 
In North America, it is observed in the Eastern Time Zone during standard time, and in the Central Time Zone during the other eight months (see Daylight saving time). The western Caribbean uses it year round.
Mianhua Islet
Mianhua Islet (Chinese: 棉花嶼; pinyin: Miánhuā Yǔ; lit. 'cotton islet') is a 0.133 km2 (0.051 sq mi) volcanic island in Zhongzheng District, Keelung, Taiwan, located in the East China Sea. Pingfong Rock, just east of the islet, is the easternmost point under the actual control of Taiwan (ROC).

Volcanic island
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term high island can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed on sunken volcanoes).
Kyle Hayes
Kyle Hayes (born 15 July 1998) is an Irish hurler who plays for Limerick Senior Championship club Kildimo-Pallaskenry and at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a left wing-back. To date he has won 5 All Stars, 6 Munster titles, 3 Hurling League titles, 5 All Irelands and PWC GPA/GAA young hurler of the year in 2018. He has been convicted of violent disorder and also dangerous driving.

Waterford GAA
The Waterford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Phort Láirge) or Waterford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for all levels of Gaelic games in County Waterford. The County Board is also responsible for the Waterford county teams. The county board's offices are based at Walsh Park in the city of Waterford. The Waterford County Board was founded in 1886.

Hurling is the dominant sport, with the county having won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) on two occasions: in 1948 and 1959. While football is the secondary sport in the county, it is widely played nonetheless. Waterford's greatest footballing achievement was reaching the 1898 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, which the team lost to Dublin.
Baker Street Babes
Baker Street Babes is an-all female Sherlockian group who host the web's first all-female Sherlock Holmes podcast. There are eleven members of the group, including Edgar Award-nominated author Lyndsay Faye, a collective devoid of a president or a leader. They consider themselves "a bridge between older Sherlockians and young, tech-savvy enthusiasts", and they have been described as being "at the center of online Sherlock fandom".

The various members of the group are active in podcasting, blogging, and Tumblr.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Nephrostome
The nephrostome is the funnel-like component of a metanephridium. It is always oriented towards the coelom. The nephrostome is covered from the inside with cilia, which push the water, metabolic wastes, unnecessary hormones and other substances into the metanephridium.

Coelom
The coelom (or celom) is the main body cavity in many animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs. In some animals, it is lined with mesothelium. In other animals, such as molluscs, it remains undifferentiated. In the past, and for practical purposes, coelom characteristics have been used to classify bilaterian animal phyla into informal groups.
Chet Helms
Chester Leo "Chet" Helms (August 2, 1942 – June 25, 2005), often called the father of San Francisco's 1967 "Summer of Love," was a music promoter and a counterculture figure in San Francisco during its hippie period in the mid- to-late 1960s.

Helms was the founder and manager of Big Brother and the Holding Company and recruited Janis Joplin as its lead singer. He was a producer and organizer, helping to stage free concerts and other cultural events at Golden Gate Park, the backdrop of San Francisco's Summer of Love in 1967, as well as at other venues, including the Avalon Ballroom.

He was the first producer of psychedelic light-show concerts at the Fillmore and the Avalon Ballroom and was instrumental in helping to develop bands that had the distinctive San Francisco Sound. Helms died June 25, 2005, of complications of a stroke. He was 62.

The Electric Flag
The Electric Flag was an American blues/rock/soul band from Chicago, led by guitarist Mike Bloomfield, keyboardist Barry Goldberg, and drummer Buddy Miles, and featured various other musicians such as vocalist Nick Gravenites and bassist Harvey Brooks. Bloomfield formed the Electric Flag in 1967, following his stint with the Butterfield Blues Band. The band reached its peak with the 1968 release, A Long Time Comin', a fusion of rock, jazz, and R&B styles that charted well in the Billboard Pop Albums chart. Their initial recording was a soundtrack for The Trip, a movie about an LSD experience by Peter Fonda, written by Jack Nicholson and directed by Roger Corman.
Xindu Jinsha River Bridge
The Xindu Jinsha River Bridge (Chinese: 新渡金沙江大桥), previously called Xinshi Jinsha River Bridge (Chinese: 新市金沙江大桥), is a bridge between Pingshan County, Yibin City Sichuan and Suijiang County, Yunnan, China. It is one of the tallest bridge structure in the world with a sout tower 297.5 metres (976 ft) tall. It was opened to traffic on 1 January 2026.

Suijiang County
Suijiang County (simplified Chinese: 绥江县; traditional Chinese: 綏江縣; pinyin: Suíjiāng Xiàn) is a county in the northeast of Yunnan province, China, bordering Sichuan province across the Jinsha River to the north and west. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhaotong.