hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamed Gohar
Hamed Abdel Fattah Goher (15 November 1907 – 17 June 1992) (Arabic: حامد عبد الفتاح جوهر) was an Egyptian oceanographer, scientist and TV presenter. He appeared for over 18 years in his program The World of the Seas.

He was unmarried and dedicated his life to the sea. Gohar initiated the first full-scale research in ocean studies in Egypt and the Arab countries. In 1931, he began research on Xenia, or soft corals of the Red Sea, finalized in 1939. In 1934, he published a study in the British journal, Nature, on "The Partnership between Fish and Anemone".

Gohar's eight-year research on the soft corals in Hurghada earned him a D.Sc. from Cambridge - considered the highest recognition open to unsupervised research.

Xenia (coral)
Xenia is a genus of photosynthetic soft marine coral in the family Xeniidae. They resemble a mushroom, with "arms" coming out from the top that ends in many-fingered "hands". It is unique among corals because of its ability to use its "hands" to "pulse" or push water away from the colony in a constant, grabbing motion. Common names include fast-pulse Xenia. Species of Xenia are sometimes referred to as pulse corals.
Kompas
Kompas (lit. 'Compass') is an Indonesian national newspaper published in Jakarta, founded on 28 June 1965. It is published by PT Kompas Media Nusantara, which is part of Kompas Gramedia Group. The paper's head office is located at the Kompas Multimedia Towers, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta. It is considered Indonesia's newspaper of record.

The paper manages an online portal, kompas.id, which contains updated news and the digital subscription version of the paper, while Kompas Gramedia also manages another editorially separated portal, kompas.com. Kompas is one of two newspapers in Indonesia audited by the International Federation of Audit Bureau of Circulations.

Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Pusat, Betawi: Jakarté Bèlah Tengah), abbreviated as Jakpus, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) and de facto Capital City of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 1,056,896 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,103,357, comprising 553,471 males and 549,886 females. Central Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality.

Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five administrative cities of Jakarta. It is both the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia. Central Jakarta contains several large international hotels and major landmarks such as Hotel Indonesia.
Ole Martin Hansen
Ole Martin Hansen (born 13 January 1981) is a Norwegian strongman from Krokstadelva.

Hansen participated in his first Norway's Strongest Man competition in 2009 where he emerged fifth place, and became the champion by 2012. He went on to win 4 consecutive titles to break Svend Karlsen's record for the most titles.

In his first appearance at the 2012 World's Strongest Man held in Los Angeles, California, he participated in the fourth qualifier group where Vytautas Lalas and Ervin Katona made it to the finals. In his second appearance in the 2015 World's Strongest Man he participated in the fifth qualifier group where Mike Burke and Eddie Hall made it to the finals.

Hansen's career best performances came in 2013 Giants Live Norway where he won second place behind Johannes Årsjö. He also won third at 2015 Battle of the North and 2017 Burn Showdown.

Ervin Katona
Ervin Katona (Serbian Cyrillic: Ервин Катона; born 5 January 1977) is a Serbian-born Hungarian strongman competitor and regular entrant to the World's Strongest Man competition. He has competed in 100 International strongman competitions (fourth highest in history) and have won 18 of them, making him the seventh most decorated strongman in history.
Tanja Damaske
Tanja Damaske (born 16 November 1971 in East Berlin) is a retired German track and field athlete who competed in the javelin throw. She is best known for winning the gold medal at the 1998 European Championships. A year earlier she earned a bronze medal at the World Championships. A five-time German Champion in the women's javelin throw, she retired from competition in 2003.

1997 World Championships in Athletics
The 6th World Championships in Athletics (Greek: Παγκόσμιο Πρωτάθλημα Στίβου 1997), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletic Federations, were held at the Olympic Stadium, Athens, Greece between 1 and 10 August 1997. 1,882 athletes from 198 participant nations participated in this event.

It was the first edition to award wild cards to defending champions even if they did not qualify for their national team. This allowed four athletes from the same country to compete in an individual event in some cases.
Salad days
"Salad days" is a Shakespearean idiom referring to a period of carefree innocence, idealism, and pleasure associated with youth. The modern use describes a heyday, when a person is/was at the peak of their abilities, while not necessarily a youth.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
1955 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1955 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1955 college football season. In their sixth year under head coach Lloyd Jordan, the Crimson compiled a 3–4–1 record but outscored opponents 143 to 114. William M. Meigs was the team captain.

This would be Harvard's final year as a football independent, as the Ivy League, which Harvard had helped co-found in 1954, began football competition in 1956. Six of the eight opponents on the Crimson's 1955 schedule were Ivy League members (with Penn the only Ivy not scheduled); for decades, (future) Ivy members had comprised a large portion of Harvard's opponents.

Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.

1955 Penn Quakers football team
The 1955 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania during the 1955 college football season. Led by Steve Sebo in his second year as head coach, the Quakers finished the season with a 0–9 record, matching their 1954 campaign. Penn was outscored 270 to 34 on the season, shut out five times, and scored more than seven points only once, in a 46–14 loss to No. 6 Notre Dame. By the end of the season, Penn had lost 18 consecutive games and had not won in 22 straight contests, dating back to a loss to Michigan on Halloween 1953.
Idar-Oberstein station
Idar-Oberstein station serves the town of Idar-Oberstein in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is on the Nahe Valley Railway (German: Nahetalbahn) and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. It is regularly served by Regional-Express and Regionalbahn services and in the past it was served by freight traffic. The station is located in the centre of Idar-Oberstein.

Regionalbahn
The Regionalbahn (German: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌbaːn] ⓘ; lit. Regional train; abbreviated RB) is a type of local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany. It is similar to the Regionalzug (R) and Regio (R) train categories in neighboring Austria and Switzerland, respectively.
Charles Cameron Lees (colonial administrator)
Sir Charles Cameron Lees KCMG (11 March 1837 – 26 July 1898) was a British military officer and colonial administrator.

He was the son of John Campbell Lees, former Chief Justice of the Bahamas.

He was originally commissioned into the 1st West India Regiment, but transferred to the 76th Foot in 1854, was promoted lieutenant, and transferred to the 23rd Foot as adjutant in 1858. He resigned as adjutant in 1864 and retired in 1866, becoming adjutant of the 3rd Derbyshire Rifle Volunteers later that year.

Lees was acting governor of the Gold Coast in 1874, 1876 and 1878–79, Governor of Labuan 1879-1881, Governor of the Bahamas from 1881 to 1884, and Governor of the Leeward Islands from 1884 to 1885. He was 16th Governor of Mauritius from 21 December 1889 to 12 March 1892 and was Governor of British Guiana from 1893 to 1895.

In 1875, he married Maria Ledwell Nugent daughter of Sir Oliver Nugent of Antigua. Lees is buried in Brompton Cemetery, London.

76th Regiment of Foot
The 76th Regiment of Foot was a British Army regiment, raised in 1787. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 33rd (Duke of Wellington's) Regiment to form the Duke of Wellington's Regiment in 1881.
Wales national semi-professional football team
The Wales 'C' National Team is a football team that represents the Football Association of Wales governed Welsh football league system. The team is selected using players that play in the Cymru Premier, the highest level of Welsh football.

Home matches are played at various grounds around the country. The Wales Semi Pro team competed in both the Four Nations Tournament and the International Challenge Trophy.

International Challenge Trophy
The International Challenge Trophy, originally known as the European Challenge Trophy, was an international association football competition. It is open to national teams featuring semi-professional U-23 footballers who have not yet won senior international caps. While the competition rules allow squads to select foreign-based players, some teams, including the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Italy, have opted to restrict selection to footballers playing in their home national leagues. The European Challenge Trophy was contested in 
2005–06 and featured just four teams - England C, Netherlands Amateurs U-23, Belgium U-21 and Italy Lega Pro U-21. England C won the inaugural competition. The competition was then relaunched as the International Challenge Trophy for the 2007–09 edition. This time the number of participants doubled. The 2009–11 edition was contested by eleven teams.
FOCAL International
FOCAL International is the trade association representing stock footage companies, post-production facilities and individuals involved in the use of footage, still images and audio in all forms of media production. It represents more than 300 companies and individuals involved in media production, asset management, preservation of historical archives, film restoration and post-production.

Stock sound effect
A stock sound effect is a prerecorded sound effect intended to be reused with an entertainment product, as opposed to creating a new and unique sound effect. It is intended to work within a sound effect library.
Morning Gloryville
Morning Gloryville (originally named Morning Glory) is a sober, drug-free morning rave event in the United Kingdom.
Morning Gloryville was founded in 2013 by Nico Thoemmes and Samantha Moyo. It was designed to be "fun... without the alcohol", and an alternative to the morning gym. One of the aims is to "reengage people with a form of exercise" without the negative health impacts of drugs and alcohol.

The original event occurs once a month in Shoreditch, East London. Since then Morning Gloryville has expanded to 14 cities around the world. The event is not exclusively raving, but also includes yoga and massage. Because the event is drug and alcohol free it is also popular with families and children.

Notable DJs to have performed at the events include Basement Jaxx. Morning Gloryville was held at Bestival in September 2014.  They also support up and coming DJs and in August 2016, they had Evan Duthie perform.

East London
East London is the part of London, England, east of the ancient City of London and north of the River Thames as it begins to widen. East London developed as London's docklands and the primary industrial centre. The expansion of railways in the 19th century encouraged the eastward expansion of the East End of London and a proliferation of new suburbs. The industrial lands of East London are today an area of regeneration, which are well advanced in places such as Canary Wharf and ongoing elsewhere.
Swallowtail (album)
Swallowtail is a collaborative studio album by Australian drummer Jim White and American guitarist Marisa Anderson, released on May 10, 2024, by Thrill Jockey. It is Anderson and White's second collaborative album together, after The Quickening in 2020. The album was recorded in Australia with engineer Nick Huggins. It was preceded by two single.

KLOF Magazine
KLOF Magazine (formerly Folk Radio UK) is an independent online music and culture magazine founded in June 2004 by Alex Gallacher. Originally launched as an internet radio station and webzine focused on folk music, it has since evolved into a broad-ranging publication covering experimental music, ambient music, jazz, avant-garde, and folk music from around the world. The magazine is based in the United Kingdom.
St. Martin's Chapel, Furtwangen
St. Martin’s Chapel (German: Martinskapelle) stands at an elevation of 1,085 metres above sea level (NHN) at the upper end of the Katzensteig valley on the territory of Furtwangen just above the source of the Danube. It is also not far from the source of the River Elz and thus the main European watershed between the Rhine and the Danube. The West Way, a major hiking trail in the Black Forest runs past the chapel as does the long-distance ski trail from Schonach to Belchen.

Belchen
Belchen, 1,414 metres (4,639 ft), or Black Forest Belchen (German: Schwarzwälder Belchen) is the fourth-highest summit of the Black Forest, after Feldberg, Seebuck, and Herzogenhorn. The municipalities of Münstertal, Schönenberg and Kleines Wiesental meet on the summit dome of Belchen which is located in the southwest German state of Baden-Württemberg.
High in the City
High in the City is a song written and recorded by American rock musician Lou Reed, released on his thirteenth solo studio album, New Sensations (1984). Released as a 7" single exclusively in the Netherlands by RCA Records, it was the third and final single from the album, but like the single that preceded it, "My Red Joystick", it failed to chart. "High in the City" is the only single released from the album that didn't have a music video made for it.

A reggae-tinged track, it features a trombone solo by jazz musician Tom Malone towards the end of it, Malone had also arranged the horns on the track.

Tom Malone (musician)
Tom "Bones" Malone (born June 16, 1947) is an American jazz musician, arranger, and producer. As his nickname implies, he specializes on the trombone but he also plays saxophone, trumpet, tuba, flute, and bass guitar. He has been a member of the Blues Brothers, Saturday Night Live Band, Blood, Sweat & Tears, and the CBS Orchestra, the house band for the Late Show with David Letterman.
Brooke Stacey
Brooke Stacey (born June 26, 1996) is a Canadian ice hockey forward, currently on reserve with the Montreal Victoire of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She is Kanien’kehá:ka (commonly known by the exonym 'Mohawk') and grew up in Kahnawake, a First Nations reserve on the St. Lawrence River in southern Québec.

Montreal Victoire
The Montreal Victoire (French: Victoire de Montréal) are a professional ice hockey team based in the Greater Montreal area that competes in the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). They are one of the six charter franchises of the league. The team plays its home games at Place Bell in Laval, Quebec.
Xanthophyllum lanceatum
Xanthophyllum lanceatum is a tree in the Polygalaceae family. It grows across Southeast Asia from Sumatera to Bangladesh. The leaves are used as a hops-substitute in beer making and the wood as fuel. Fish in the Mekong regularly eat the fruit, flowers and leaves.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
1852 in birding and ornithology
Death of Charles Thorold Wood

Death of  William Thompson

Death of Louis François Auguste Souleyet

Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, describes the eastern moa in  Avium systema naturale

Paul Gervais describes the Eocene bird genus Ludiortyx

Sulawesi pygmy woodpecker described by  Alfred Malherbe

Death of Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff

August Carl Eduard Baldamus, Christian Ludwig Brehm, Johann Wilhelm von Müller  and Johann Friedrich Naumann  publish Verzeichnis der Vögel Europa's. als Tausch-Catalog eingerichtet in Stuttgart. In this year also Müller began work on the illustrated book Beiträge zur Ornithologie Afrikas (1853–1870),

Ongoing events

John Gould The birds of Australia; Supplement 1851–69. 1 vol. 81 plates; Artists: J. Gould and H. C. Richter; Lithographer: H. C. Richter

John Gould The birds of Asia; 1850-83 7 vols. 530 plates, Artists: J. Gould, H. C. Richter, W. Hart and J. Wolf; Lithographers:H. C. Richter and W. Hart

Ludwig Reichenbach
Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (8 January 1793 – 17 March 1879) was a German botanist, ornithologist and illustrator. It was he who first requested Leopold Blaschka to make a set of glass marine invertebrate models for scientific education and museum showcasing, the successful commission giving rise to the creation of the Blaschkas' Glass sea creatures and, subsequently and indirectly, the more famous Glass Flowers.
Tamayo (surname)
Tamayo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez (born 1942), Cuban cosmonaut

Francisco Tamayo (1902-1985), Venezuelan botanist

Franz Tamayo (1878–1956), Bolivian intellectual

Gustavo Tamayo, Colombian ophthalmologist

Jeff Tamayo, pioneer of Taekwondo and military officer in the Philippines

Jonathan Tamayo, American poker player

José Luis Tamayo (1858–1947), Ecuadorian president

Juan José Tamayo (born 1946), Spanish theologian

Manuel Tamayo y Baus (1829–1898), Spanish dramatist

María Fernanda Tamayo, Ecuadorian police official

Misael Tamayo Hernández (1952–2006), Mexican journalist

Rufino Tamayo (1899–1991), Mexican painter

Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez
Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez (born 29 January 1942) is a Cuban military officer, legislator, and former cosmonaut and the first person of African heritage in space. In 1980, as a member of the crew of Soyuz 38, he became the first Cuban citizen, the first Latin American, the first person of African descent, and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the United States to travel into Earth orbit.
Gérson Andreotti
Gérson Rodrigues Andreotti known as Gérson Andreotti (born 19 October 1953), is a Brazilian football coach and former defensive midfielder. He is one of the best known former players and current head-coaches/managers in Brazil, having as footballer, acted in clubs as Fluminense FC, Atlético Paranaense, Olaria and América (SP). 
He exercised the function of coach, initially at Lousano Paulista, then as an assistant-tech for Zagallo and Evaristo de Macedo in Flamengo. He hanged around various clubs in Brazil, but it was in Friburguense, where he won more emphasis for having almost brought the team to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C and the league Copa Rio. He was once contracted by Macaé in 2013, but eventually returned to the club of Friburguense.

Paulista Futebol Clube
Paulista Futebol Clube, also called as Paulista de Jundiaí or simply Paulista, is a Brazilian football team from Jundiaí, in São Paulo, founded on 17 May 1909. They currently play in the Campeonato Paulista Série A3, the third tier of the São Paulo state league.

Home stadium is the Jayme Cintra stadium, capacity 15,000. They play in black, white and red stripes, white shorts and socks.
2014 Oceania Sevens Championship
The 2014 Oceania Sevens Championship was the seventh Oceania Sevens in men's rugby sevens. It was held in Noosa, Australia.

Fiji won the Oceania Sevens Championship by defeating New Zealand 21-5. The two best-placed non-core Sevens World Series teams qualified through to the 2015 Wellington Sevens (Papua New Guinea) and the 2015 Hong Kong Sevens (Tonga).

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
Husvær Chapel
Husvær Chapel (Norwegian: Husvær bedehuskapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Herøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the Husvær island group. It is an annex chapel in the Herøy parish which is part of the Nord-Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1936 using plans drawn up by the architects Otto Edvardsen and Peder Andersen. The chapel seats about 80 people.

Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland
Sør-Hålogaland is a diocese in the Church of Norway. The Diocese covers the Lutheran Church of Norway churches located within Nordland county in Norway. The diocese is headquartered in the town of Bodø at Bodø Cathedral, the seat of bishop Svein Valle (since november 2023).  The diocese is divided into eight deaneries (prosti).
Football in South Australia
There are numerous codes of football in South Australia.

For Australian rules football, see Australian rules football in South Australia
For the governing body of Australian rules football in South Australia, see South Australian National Football League

For association football, see Soccer in South Australia
For the governing body of association football in South Australia, see Football South Australia

For rugby league football, see Rugby league in South Australia
For the governing body of rugby league football in South Australia, see NRL South Australia

Football South Australia
Football South Australia (FSA) is the governing body of soccer in the state of South Australia. It was established in 2006 under the name Football Federation South Australia (FFSA), which succeeded the former organisation, the South Australian Soccer Federation (SASF).

FSA oversees the highest levels of soccer in South Australia, as well as collaborating with regional competitions and amateur leagues, and organise the Football SA Federation Cup.