hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sydney Smith McDermand
Sydney Smith McDermand (August 17, 1868 – August 5, 1961) was a Canadian farmer and politician.

McDermand was born in Elgin County, Ontario where he lived his entire life. A farmer, he became active in local politics as a member of the township council from 1908 to 1912 and again in 1931.

McDermand was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada from Elgin East in a 1920 by-election as a United Farmers of Ontario MP but was defeated as a Progressive candidate in 1921 federal election by Conservative John Lawrence Stansell by less than 100 votes. After leaving politics, he became an insurance agent for South Dorchester Farm Mutual and went on to serve as the firm's president for 18 years.

United Farmers of Ontario
The United Farmers of Ontario (UFO) was an agrarian and populist provincial political party in Ontario, Canada. It was the Ontario provincial branch of the United Farmers movement of the early part of the 20th century.
Bryant Dunston
Bryant Kevin Dunston Jr. (Armenian: Բրայանտ Քեւին Դանստոն կրտսեր; born May 28, 1986) is an American-born naturalized Armenian professional basketball player who plays for Olimpia Milano of the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA) and the EuroLeague. He also represents the senior Armenian national team in international competition. Standing at a height of 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m), Dunston plays at the center position.

Dunston has won the EuroLeague Best Defender award twice, and also reached the EuroLeague Final in 2015, while playing for Olympiacos. In 2011–12, he was the top rebounder in the Israel Basketball Premier League. Dunston earned an All-EuroLeague Second Team selection in 2017.

King Mindaugas Cup
Karaliaus Mindaugo taurė (English: King Mindaugas Cup) is an annual national domestic basketball cup competition between Lithuanian professional teams. It is organised by the Lithuanian Basketball League (Lietuvos krepšinio lyga – LKL). The tournament is named in honor of Mindaugas, the first and only crowned King of Lithuania.

The Final four event includes an annual LKL Three-point Shootout contest, LKL Future Cup was introduced in 2018 with Žalgiris and Rytas youth teams competing for the cup. LKL Slam Dunk Contest was part of the Final four program until the event was removed in 2019.
Gujarat Beechcraft incident
The Gujarat Beechcraft incident was an event during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. On 19 September that year an American-made F-86 Sabre jet fighter of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) shot down an Indian-registered civilian Beechcraft Model 18 twin-engine light aircraft. Balwantrai Mehta, who at the time was the chief minister of the Indian state of Gujarat, was killed in the attack along with his wife, three members of his staff, a journalist and two crew members.

Qais Hussain, a PAF flying officer during the 1965 war, was the pilot who fired on the aircraft. In August 2011 he wrote to Farida Singh, the daughter of the deceased civilian pilot, via email, expressing his condolences.

Light aircraft
A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a maximum gross takeoff weight of 12,500 lb (5,670 kg) or less.

Light aircraft are used as utility aircraft commercially for small-scale passenger and freight transport; for sightseeing, photography, cropdusting, and other so-called aerial work roles of civil aviation; for the personal-use aspect of general aviation; and in certain aspects of military aviation.

Examples of aircraft that are at the maximum gross takeoff weight for this category include the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and Beechcraft B200 Super King Air.
Gary Boswell
Gary M. Boswell (born June 19, 1954) is an American politician from Kentucky. He is a Republican who has represented District 8 in the Kentucky Senate since January 1, 2023. He is also a farmer and real estate developer in Owensboro, Kentucky.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Mike Prineas
Michael Prineas is an American former professional tennis player.

Prineas, a Seattle-born player of Greek descent, attended Seattle University and competed in three seasons of varsity tennis during the early 1970s. He was the West Coast Athletic Conference singles champion in 1972 and following his freshman year was the top-ranked collegiate player in the Pacific Northwest.

After leaving university he played on the professional tour and featured in the main draw of the 1975 Australian Open.

Since the 1980s, Prineas has been the proprietor of restaurants and nightclubs in the Seattle area.

1975 Australian Open
The 1975 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club in Melbourne in Australia and was held from 21 December 1974 to 1 January 1975.  It was the 63rd edition of the Australian Open and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The singles titles were won by Australians John Newcombe and Evonne Goolagong.
Limonium duriusculum
Limonium duriusculum, the European sea lavender, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae, native to the western Mediterranean region of southwestern Europe. Introduced to California, it has become an invasive species in coastal salt marshes, where it threatens native vegetation and endangered species habitat.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Busseyville, Wisconsin
Busseyville is an unincorporated community in the town of Sumner, Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on Wisconsin Highway 106 near Luna Road, about ten miles west of Fort Atkinson. The Sumner town hall is located there, as well as Busseyville Community Church.

Wisconsin Highway 106
State Trunk Highway 106 (also called Highway 106, STH-106 or WIS 106) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs east–west in southeastern Wisconsin between Albion and Palmyra, Jefferson County.
Septal nasal cartilage
The septal nasal cartilage (cartilage of the septum or quadrangular cartilage) is composed of hyaline cartilage. It is somewhat quadrilateral in form, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities in front.

Its anterior margin, thickest above, is connected with the nasal bones, and is continuous with the anterior margins of the lateral cartilages; below, it is connected to the medial crura of the major alar cartilages by fibrous tissue.

Its posterior margin is connected with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid; its inferior margin with the vomer and the palatine processes of the maxillae.

Palatine process of maxilla
In human anatomy of the mouth, the palatine process of maxilla (palatal process), is a thick, horizontal process of the maxilla. It forms the anterior three quarters of the hard palate, the horizontal plate of the palatine bone making up the rest. It is the most important bone in the midface. It provides structural support for the viscerocranium.
Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
Chef d'escadre Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French: [lapeʁuz]; 23 August 1741 – c. 1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer. Having enlisted in the Navy at the age of 15, he had a successful career and in 1785 was appointed to lead a scientific expedition around the world. His ships stopped in Chile, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Macau, the Philippines, Korea, Russia, Japan, Samoa, Tonga, and Australia before wrecking on the reefs of Vanikoro in the Solomon Islands.

Chef d'escadre
Chef d'escadre (pronounced [ʃɛf dɛskadʁ]; literally "squadron commander") was a rank in the French Navy during the Ancien Régime and until the French Revolution. The rank was changed to contre-amiral by a law passed on 15 May 1791.
Tegea (Crete)
Tegea (Ancient Greek: Τεγέα) was an ancient town in Crete. Its location is not known, though the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World tentatively suggests that it was located near modern Deliana

Stephanus of Byzantium reports a mythic tradition that the city was founded by Agamemnon.

Agamemnon
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (/æɡəˈmɛmnɒn/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων Agamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son (or grandson) of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodike, Orestes and Chrysothemis. Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. Agamemnon was killed upon his return from Troy by Clytemnestra, or in an older version of the story, by Clytemnestra's lover Aegisthus.
Our Lady of the Rosary (Murillo, Paris)
Our Lady of the Rosary or 'Madonna and Child is a 1648-1650 oil on canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo. On 24 November 1784 it was bought from the Comte de Vaudreuil for 9,001 livres by Louis XVI and displayed at the Muséum central des arts from 1793 onwards. It remains owned by the Louvre Museum, though it has been on long-loan to the Goya Museum in Castres since 1949.

Joseph Hyacinthe François de Paule de Rigaud, Comte de Vaudreuil
Joseph Hyacinthe François de Paule de Rigaud, comte de Vaudreuil (born 2 March 1740–1817) was a Saint Dominican nobleman at the court of King Louis XVI. He was the alleged lover of Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac, the favourite of Marie Antoinette and over whom he exerted a powerful influence.

He was a connoisseur and collector of art, and a patron of artist Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun who painted two known portraits of him in 1784.
Matteo Panunzi
Matteo Panunzi (born 12 May 1997 in Rome) is an Italian rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Scrum-Half and he currently plays for Rangers Vicenza in Serie A Elite.

For 2015–16 Pro12 season, he named like Permit Player for Zebre.
He played with Petrarca Padova from 2020 to 2024.

In 2016 and 2017, Panunzi was named in the Italy Under 20 squad.

Zebre Parma
Zebre Parma (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdzɛbre], meaning "Zebras") are an Italian professional rugby union team competing in the United Rugby Championship and EPCR competitions from the 2012–13 season. They are based in Parma (Emilia-Romagna), Italy. They are operated by the Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) and replaced Aironi in the Pro12.

Zebre Parma, often referred to as "the XV of the North-West" (Italian: il XV del Nord-Ovest), represents the four committees of Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Lombardy and Piedmont, which includes tens of thousands of members and several clubs. Since 2018, it represents also teams from others committees like Abruzzo, Lazio, Marche, Tuscany and Sicily. The team was officially named Zebre Parma at the start of the 2021–22 United Rugby Championship season.
Daru labu
Daru labu is a woreda in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Located in the West Hararghe Zone, Daru labu is bordered on the south by the Shebelle River which separates it from the Bale Zone, on the west by the Arsi Zone, on the northwest by Guba Koricha, on the north by the Habro, and on the east by Boke. Towns in Darolebu include Mechara and Micheta.

Coffee is an important cash crop of this woreda. Over 50 square kilometers are planted with this crop.

Darolebu was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as an area for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas. Along with Boke and Kuni, Darolebu became the new home for 3308 families.

West Hararghe Zone
West Hararge (Oromo: Hararghe Dhiha) is a zone in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. West Hararghe takes its name from the former province of Hararghe. West Harerge is bordered on the south by the Shebelle River which separates it from Bale, on the southwest by Arsi, on the northwest by the Afar Region, on the north by the Somali Region and on the east by East Hararghe. Towns in West Hararghe include Chiro, Badessa, Gelemso, Mieso, and Asebot.

The highest point in this Zone is Mount Arba Gugu (3574 meters).

The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) reported that 8,364.00 tons of coffee were produced in West Hararghe in the year ending in 2005, based on inspection records from the Ethiopian Coffee and Tea authority. This represents 7.27% of the Region's output and 3.7% of Ethiopia's total output.
Hadeland Folkemuseum
Hadeland Folkemuseum is a regional museum for Hadeland (Gran Municipality, Lunner Municipality, and Jevnaker Municipality) in southeastern Norway. It was founded in 1913, and is located in Tingelstad in Gran Municipality. The museum is situated along Kongevegen (The King's Road), the road from Oslo to Bergen which passes through Hadeland. Hadeland Folkemuseum is a subsidiary of Randsfjordmuseene,  a regional institution which also manages Lands Museum and the Kittilbu Open-Air Museum in western Gausdal Municipality.

Halfdan the Black
Halfdan the Black (Old Norse: Halfdanr Svarti; fl. c. 9th century) was a king of Vestfold. He belonged to the House of Yngling and was the father of Harald Fairhair, the first king of a unified Norway.
CME Group
CME Group Inc. (formerly Chicago Mercantile Exchange Holdings Inc.) is an American financial services company based in Chicago, Illinois. It operates financial derivatives exchanges, including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), and the Commodity Exchange (COMEX). The company owns 27% of S&P Dow Jones Indices. It is the world's largest operator of financial derivatives exchanges. Its exchanges are platforms for trading in agricultural products, currencies, energy, interest rates, metals, futures contracts, options, stock indexes, and cryptocurrencies futures.

Headquartered in Chicago, the company maintains offices in New York, Houston, and Washington D.C., in the United States, as well as abroad in Bangalore, India, Beijing, China, Belfast, Ireland, Calgary, Canada, Hong Kong, London, England, Seoul, Korea, Singapore, and Tokyo, Japan.

Option (finance)
In finance, an option is a contract which conveys to its owner, the holder, the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date, depending on the style of the option.

Options are typically acquired by purchase, as a form of compensation, or as part of a complex financial transaction. Thus, they are also a form of asset (or contingent liability) and have a valuation that may depend on a complex relationship between underlying asset price, time until expiration, market volatility, the risk-free rate of interest, and the strike price of the option.

Options may be traded between private parties in over-the-counter (OTC) transactions, or they may be exchange-traded in live, public markets in the form of standardized contracts.
CSS Huntsville and CSS Tuscaloosa Historic and Archaeological District
The CSS Huntsville and CSS Tuscaloosa Historic and Archaeological District is a shipwreck site in the Mobile River near Mobile, Alabama, United States.  The Huntsville and the Tuscaloosa were ironclad warships built in 1863 at the Confederate Naval Works in Selma, Alabama.  They were fitted out in Mobile, but due to an unusual hull design, were relegated to being used as floating batteries.  The ships were scuttled by retreating Confederates after the capture of Mobile in April 1865 and used as blockships.

The wrecks were discovered in 1985, and in 2019 further surveys determined them as "the most intact examples of Confederate ironclad warships in the nation."  The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.

CSS Tuscaloosa (ironclad)
CSS Tuscaloosa was an ironclad warship that served in the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War.  Construction began in May 1862, under a contract with Henry D. Bassett.  Her engines were taken from the steamboat Chewala, and she was armored with 4 inches (10 cm) of iron and armed with four cannons.  In January 1863, she was launched, and traveled down to Mobile, Alabama for service on Mobile Bay. Both Tuscaloosa and her sister ship CSS Huntsville were found to be too slow for practical use, and were relegated to service as floating batteries.  Union forces captured Mobile in April 1865, and Tuscaloosa was scuttled on April 12, as she was unable to escape due to an inability to steam against the current on the Spanish River.  Her wreck was discovered in the 1980s.
Pertica
Pertica is a genus of extinct vascular plants of the Early to Middle Devonian (around 420 to 380 million years ago). It has been placed in the "trimerophytes", a strongly paraphyletic group of early members of the lineage leading to modern ferns and seed plants.

Trimerophytopsida
Trimerophytopsida (or Trimeropsida) is a class of early vascular plants from the Devonian, informally called trimerophytes. It contains genera such as Psilophyton. This group is probably paraphyletic, and is believed to be the ancestral group from which both the ferns and seed plants evolved. Different authors have treated the group at different taxonomic ranks using the names Trimerophyta, Trimerophytophyta, Trimerophytina, Trimerophytophytina and Trimerophytales.
Seagulls Die in the Harbour
Seagulls Die in the Harbour (Dutch: Meeuwen sterven in de haven) is a 1955 Belgian drama film directed by Rik Kuypers, Ivo Michiels and Roland Verhavert, for which Jack Sels wrote the soundtrack. The film was entered into the 1956 Cannes Film Festival.

1956 Cannes Film Festival
The 9th Cannes Film Festival took place from 23 April to 10 May 1956. French actor, director and producer Maurice Lehmann served as jury president for the main competition.

The Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, was awarded to The Silent World by Jacques-Yves Cousteau and Louis Malle.

In an effort to resolve some issues caused by the Cold War climate of the time, like special treatment towards Americans (who gave financial assistance to the festival) which displeased the Eastern Bloc, a rule to have films withdrawn under certain conditions was in effect until 1955, even though it had become a divisive issue within the festival directors, as it was seen as censorship. In 1956, it was officially decided to eliminate all such censorship from the selection.

The festival opened with Marie Antoinette Queen of France by Jean Delannoy and closed with The Roof by Vittorio De Sica.
Robert Dickinson (British Columbia politician)
Robert Dickinson (1835 – November 1, 1889) was an English-born businessman and political figure in British Columbia. He represented New Westminster City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1875 to 1878.

He was born in Liverpool and came to British Columbia in 1859 with his mother Eliza, his step-father Thomas Harris and his brothers Frank and Charles. Dickinson had been a timber merchant's apprentice in Liverpool. He worked in his step-father's butcher shops, eventually taking over the operation in New Westminster. He served as president of the municipal council for New Westminster from 1863 to 1865 and was mayor from 1874 to 1875, from 1880 to 1881 and from 1883 to 1888. Dickinson also served as president of the local Mechanics' Institute and of the Royal Columbian Hospital. He died in New Westminster at the age of 53.

Dickenson [sic] Street in New Westminster was named after him.

New Westminster
New Westminster (colloquially known as New West, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓: sӽəyəməɬ) is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

It was founded in 1858 by Richard Clement Moody as the capital of the Colony of British Columbia, and served as such until the mainland and Vancouver Island colonies were merged to form the new Colony of British Columbia in 1866. It was the British Columbia mainland's largest city from its foundation until the first decade of the 20th century, when it was surpassed in population by Vancouver.

It is located on the banks of the Fraser River as it turns southwest towards its estuary, on the southwest side of the Burrard Peninsula and roughly at the centre of the Greater Vancouver region.
Thalattosuchia
Thalattosuchia is a clade of mostly marine crocodylomorphs from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous that had a cosmopolitan distribution. They are colloquially referred to as marine crocodiles or sea crocodiles, though they are not members of Crocodilia and records from Thailand and China suggest that some members lived in freshwater. The clade contains two major subgroupings, the Teleosauroidea and Metriorhynchoidea. Teleosauroids are not greatly specialised for oceanic life, with back osteoderms similar to other crocodyliformes. Within Metriorhynchoidea, the Metriorhynchidae displayed extreme adaptions for life in the open ocean, including the transformation of limbs into flippers, the development of a tail fluke, and smooth, scaleless skin, and probably gave live birth, seemingly uniquely among archosaurs.

Viviparity
In animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the mother, with the maternal circulation providing for the metabolic needs of the embryo's development, until the mother gives birth to a fully or partially developed juvenile that is at least metabolically independent. This is opposed to oviparity, where the embryos develop independently outside the mother in eggs until they are developed enough to break out as hatchlings; and ovoviviparity, where the embryos are developed in eggs that remain carried inside the mother's body until the hatchlings emerge from the mother as juveniles, similar to a live birth.
Stokes parameters
The Stokes parameters are a set of values that describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation. They were defined by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851, as a mathematically convenient alternative to the more common description of incoherent or partially polarized radiation in terms of its total intensity (I), (fractional) degree of polarization (p), and the shape parameters of the polarization ellipse. The effect of an optical system on the polarization of light can be determined by constructing the Stokes vector for the input light and applying Mueller calculus, to obtain the Stokes vector of the light leaving the system. They can be determined from directly observable phenomena. The original Stokes paper was discovered independently by Francis Perrin in 1942 and by Subrahamanyan Chandrasekhar in 1947, who named it as the Stokes parameters.

Monochrome
A monochrome or monochromatic image, object or palette is composed of one color (or values of one color). Images using only shades of grey are called grayscale (typically digital) or black-and-white (typically analog). In physics, monochromatic light refers to electromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.