hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Network 23 (company)
Network 23 was a British video game developer founded by teenagers Chris Lloyd and Russell Hughes in 1990. Located on the Isle of Wight, they produced games exclusively for the Acorn Archimedes range of computers from 1990 to 1996.

The studio's name was derived from the dominant mega-corporation Network 23, featured in Channel 4's 1985 short film ’20 Minutes into the Future’ (aka Max Headroom).

Max Headroom (TV series)
Max Headroom is an American satirical cyberpunk science fiction television series by Chrysalis Visual Programming and Lakeside Productions for Lorimar-Telepictures that aired in the United States on ABC from March 31, 1987, to May 5, 1988. The series is set in a futuristic dystopia ruled by an oligarchy of television networks, and features the character and media personality Max Headroom. The story is based on the Channel 4 British TV film produced by Chrysalis, Max Headroom: 20 Minutes into the Future.
Lapp (surname)
Lapp is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernice Lapp (1917–2010), American Olympic swimmer

Daniel Lapp, Canadian folk musician

Henry Lapp (1862–1904), American carpenter-cabinetmaker

Jack Lapp (1884–1920), American professional baseball player

Katherine Lapp, administrator of Harvard University

Nancy Lapp (born 1930), American archaeologist and biblical scholar

Oskar Lapp (1921–1987), German inventor

Ralph Lapp (c. 1910–2004), American physicist

Ursula Ida Lapp (1930–2021), German entrepreneur

Jack Lapp
John Walker Lapp (September 10, 1884 – February 6, 1920) was an American professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1908 through 1916 for the Philadelphia Athletics and Chicago White Sox.
Nepenthes alzapan
Nepenthes alzapan is a tropical pitcher plant native to the Philippine island of Luzon. It is known from only a handful of herbarium specimens collected in 1925 from submontane mossy forest at an elevation of 1800 m above sea level. It is closely allied to N. bellii and has similarly diminutive pitchers.

The specific epithet alzapan refers to Mount Alzapan in the Sierra Madre mountains, from which the type material was collected.

Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are  carnivorous plants that have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—prey-trapping mechanisms featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown the prey with nectar.
Burmese shrike
The Burmese shrike (Lanius collurioides) is a species of bird in the family Laniidae.
It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, and Vietnam.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

Shrike
Shrikes (/ʃraɪk/) are passerine birds of the family Laniidae. The family is composed of 34 species in two genera.

The family name, and that of the larger genus, Lanius, is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also known as butcherbirds because of the habit, particularly of males, of impaling prey onto plant spines within their territories. These larders have multiple functions, attracting females and serving as food stores.

The common English name shrike is from Old English scrīc, alluding to the shrike's shriek-like call.
Warning (Green Day song)
"Warning" is a song by American rock band Green Day. It is the second single and title track from their sixth album of the same name. The song was a number-three modern-rock hit in the United States. The song also peaked at No. 27 on the UK Singles Chart, and No. 1 on the UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart.

Lists of UK Rock & Metal Singles and Albums Charts number ones
The UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart and UK Rock & Metal Albums Chart are record charts compiled in the United Kingdom by the Official Charts Company (OCC) to determine the 40 most popular singles and albums in the rock and heavy metal genres. The two charts are compiled by the OCC from digital downloads, physical record sales and audio streams in UK retail outlets. The charts have been published on the official OCC website since 1994. Previously, the UK Rock Singles chart, sometimes called the Metal Singles chart, that was compiled by CIN, which later became OCC, was published in Hit Music from September 1992 intermittently to February 1997 and interchangeably with the Rock and Metal Albums chart (which was sometimes under the title of Rock and Metal Singles chart) and also with the Indie Chart.
Tour of Belize
The Tour of Belize is a road cycling stage race, covering a majority of the Belize countryside. The 2008 edition included six stages in more than five days. The race was started in 2003 by race director Roque Matus and was won by Belizean Jose Choto of Team Cayo.

The 2008 edition was the first time the race has not been won by a native. The 2008 edition also marks the first time a race in Belize has been recognized by the UCI, the international governing body for cycling.

Belizeans
Belizeans are people associated with the country of Belize through citizenship or descent. Belize is a multiethnic country with residents of Amerindian, African, European, Asian and Middle-eastern descent or mixed-race with any combination of those groups.

Colonisation, slavery, and immigration have played major roles in affecting the ethnic composition of the population and as a result, Belize is a country with numerous cultures, languages, and ethnic groups.
I Dol I
I Dol I  (Korean: 아이돌아이) is a 2025-26 South Korean television series written by Kim Da-rin, directed by Lee Kwang-young, and starring Choi Soo-young and Kim Jae-young. The series follows Maeng Se-na, a renowned lawyer, as she defends her favorite idol, Do Ra-ik, against a murder charge. It aired on ENA on December 22, 2025, to January 27, 2026, every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST), and subsequently streaming on Genie TV.

Kim Hyun-jin
Kim Hyun-jin (Korean: 김현진; born August 24, 1996) is a South Korean actor and model. He is known for his roles in dramas such as Can You Deliver Time? (2020), Sugar Coating (2020), Peach of Time (2021), Peng (2021) and Cheer Up (2022)
Judith Carr (politician)
Judith Carr (born September 13, 1938) is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives. Carr was appointed to the Ohio House to complete the term of her late husband, Francis Carr. She represented Stark, Carroll, and Mahoning Counties.

Mahoning County, Ohio
Mahoning County is located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 228,614. Its county seat and largest city is Youngstown. The county is named after the Mahoning River and was formed on March 1, 1846; the 83rd county in Ohio.

Present-day Mahoning County was part of Trumbull and Columbiana counties until 1846, when the counties  were redefined and Mahoning County was established as a new county. Mahoning County is part of the Youngstown–Warren, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2013 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana
The 2013 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Champaign, United States between 11 and 17 November 2013.

Tennys Sandgren
Tennys Loren Sandgren II (/ˈtɛnɪs ˈsændɡrən/ TEN-iss SAND-grən; born July 22, 1991) is an American former professional tennis player. He has achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 41 on January 14, 2019. He played two years of college tennis at the University of Tennessee before launching his professional career.
My Father Confused Me... What Must I Do? What Must I Do?
My Father Confused Me... What Must I Do? What Must I Do? is the 16th comedy album by Bill Cosby, originally released on vinyl in 1977. It was re-released on CD as the first disc of The Bill Cosby Collection, the second disc being Cosby's follow up comedy record, 1978's Bill's Best Friend. Much of the material was recycled in the 1983 performance film Bill Cosby: Himself (and the accompanying soundtrack album).

Bill Cosby: Himself
Bill Cosby: Himself is a 1983 comedy film featuring American stand-up comedian Bill Cosby. Filmed before a live audience at Hamilton Place in Hamilton, Ontario in 1981, Cosby gives the audience his views ranging from marriage to parenthood. The film also showcases Cosby's conversational style of stand-up comedy. For most of the performance, Cosby is seated center-stage, only getting up to emphasize a joke.

Many of the comedic routines presented in the film were precursors to Cosby's most popular sitcom, The Cosby Show. An album of the same name was also released on Motown Records. The film was well regarded by comedians and critics, with some calling it "the greatest stand up concert movie ever."
Manfred Palmen
Manfred Palmen (11 March 1945 – 18 November 2022) was a German politician. A member of the Christian Democratic Union, he served in the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2000 to 2012.

Palmen died in Kleve on 18 November 2022, at the age of 77.

Kleve
Kleve (German pronunciation: [ˈkleːvə] ⓘ; traditional English: Cleves /kliːvz/ KLEEVZ; Dutch: Kleef [ˈkleːf] ⓘ; French: Clèves [klɛv]; Spanish: Cléveris; Latin: Clivia; Low Rhenish: Kleff) is a town in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern Germany near the Dutch border and the River Rhine. From the 11th century onwards, Cleves was capital of a county and later a duchy. Today, Cleves is the capital of the district of Kleve in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The city is home to one of the campuses of the Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences.
Aida Cuevas
Aída Cuevas (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈiða ˈkweβas]; born Aída Gabriela Cuevas Castillo, September 24, 1963) is a Mexican singer and actress. Affectionately known as "The Queen of Ranchera Music”, Cuevas has recorded 40 albums, selling over 12 million copies worldwide. Her work has earned her one Grammy Award and one Latin Grammy Award.

Ranchera
Ranchera (pronounced [ranˈtʃeɾa]) or canción ranchera is a genre of traditional music of Mexico. It dates to before the years of the Mexican Revolution. Rancheras today are played in the vast majority of regional Mexican music styles. Drawing on rural traditional folk music, the ranchera developed as a symbol of a new national consciousness in reaction to the aristocratic tastes of the period.
Somkiat Pongpaiboon
Somkiat Pongpaiboon (Thai script: สมเกียรติ พงษ์ไพบูลย์; 12 January 1950 – 14 November 2021) was a Thai Professor at Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. He became a member of the Thai House of Representatives in 2007 from Democrat Party and a leader of the People's Alliance for Democracy, and the co-founder of the Mass Party. Somkiat was an advocate for the poor and a major critic of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra.

Democrat Party (Thailand)
The Democrat Party (Thai: พรรคประชาธิปัตย์, RTGS: Phak Prachathipat [pʰák prà.t͡ɕʰāː.tʰí.pàt]) is a political party in Thailand. The party is the oldest active political party in Thailand, it was founded in 1946 as a royalist party; it now upholds a conservative-liberal and pro-market position.

The Democrat Party made its best showings in parliament in 1948, 1976, and 1996. It has never won an outright parliamentary majority. The party's electoral support bases are southern Thailand and Bangkok, although the party's strength in Bangkok has declined rapidly since the 2019 general election. Since 2004, Democrat candidates won three elections for the governorship of Bangkok. From 2005 to 2019 and since 2025, the Democrat Party has been led by Abhisit Vejjajiva, former prime minister.
Wind tomb
A wind tomb (Hán-Nôm: 墓逾; or seance grave, wind grave; Vietnamese "Mộ gió") is an empty tomb that does not contain a person's corpse. As with wind graves, which are "tumuli" or rounded mounds of earth, wind tombs are typically made by families or loved ones to commemorate a person whose body cannot be found, such as those lost at sea or who have died in combat.

Tomb
A tomb (from Ancient Greek: τύμβος tumbos, meaning "mound" or "burial monument") is a repository for the remains of the dead. It may be above or below ground and can vary greatly in form, size, and cultural significance. Tombs are one of the oldest forms of funerary monuments, serving both as a means of final disposition and as expressions of religious belief, commemoration, and social status.

Placing a body in a tomb can be called entombment, distinct from simpler burial practices. Tombs often involve architectural or artistic design and can become significant cultural or religious landmarks.
Buruji Kashamu
Buruji Kashamu (Listenⓘ; 19 May 1958 – 8 August 2020) was a Nigerian politician who served as a Senator representing Ogun East in the 8th National Assembly. Ogun East covers eleven local government areas: Ijebu North East, Ijebu North, Ijebu-Ode, Ijebu East, Ikenne, Odogbolu, Remo North, Sagamu, and Ogun Waterside. Senator Kashamu was the vice-chairman of the Senate Committee on States and Local Government.

He was a chieftain of the People's Democratic Party, PDP in Ogun State. He was appointed as the chairman, Organization and Mobilization Committee of the PDP in the South West zone of Nigeria. In 2018, he was expelled from the People's Democratic Party, a decision later voided by an Abuja High Court in October 2018. He was the 2019 Ogun State gubernatorial election candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party. He died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria on 8 August 2020.

Ogun
Ogun or Ogoun (Yoruba: Ògún, Portuguese: Ogum, Gu; also spelled Oggun; known as Ogou in Haiti and Louisiana and Ogún or Ogum in Latin America) is a Yoruba Orisha that is adopted in several African religions.  Ògún is a warrior and a powerful orisha of metal work, as well as of rum and rum-making. He is also known as the "god of iron and war" and is present in Yoruba religion, Santería, Haitian Vodou, West African Vodun, Candomblé, Umbanda and the folk religion of the Gbe people.
According to some legends, as a human, he attempted to seize the throne of Ife Empire after the demise of Ọbàtálá, who reigned twice, before and after Oduduwa, but was ousted by Obalufon Ogbogbodirin and sent on an exile — an event that serves as the core of the Ọlọ́jọ́ Festival.
Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019
The Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019, commonly abbreviated as POFMA, is a statute of the Parliament of Singapore that enables authorities to tackle the spread of fake news or false information.

The law is designed specifically to allow authorities to respond to fake news or false information through a graduated process of enforcing links to fact-checking statements, censorship of website or assets on social media platforms, and criminal charges. While the law has existed in similar capacities in various other countries, it received criticism by some opposition politicians, human rights groups, journalists and academics.

Fact-checking
Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the text or content is published or otherwise disseminated. Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher to prevent inaccurate content from being published; when the text is analyzed by a third party, the process is called external fact-checking.

Research suggests that fact-checking can indeed correct perceptions among citizens, as well as discourage politicians from spreading false or misleading claims. However, corrections may decay over time or be overwhelmed by cues from elites who promote less accurate claims. Political fact-checking is sometimes criticized as being opinion journalism.
NASA Astronaut Group 16
NASA Astronaut Group 16 ("The Sardines") was a group of 44 astronauts announced by NASA on May 1, 1996.  The class was nicknamed "The Sardines" for being such a large class, humorously implying that their training sessions would be as tightly packed as sardines in a can.  These 44 candidates compose the largest astronaut class to date.  NASA selected so many candidates in preparation for the anticipated need for ISS crew members, along with regular shuttle needs. Nine of the 44 astronauts selected were from other countries, including 1 each from 5 Europe nations and 2 each from Canada and Japan.

Three members of this group, William C. McCool, David M. Brown, and Laurel B. Clark, died in the 2003 Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, during STS-107. These three received the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.

The group includes identical twins Mark and Scott J. Kelly. The group also includes Lisa Nowak, who was expelled from the astronaut corps in 2007.

STS-111
STS-111 was a space shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour. STS-111 resupplied the station and replaced the Expedition 4 crew with the Expedition 5 crew. It was launched on 5 June 2002, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
Proselenos
Proselenos (Ancient Greek: Προσέληνος) is the concept referring to the belief that the ancient Arcadians were a group of people older than the Moon (Selene in Greek) itself. This aspect of the Arcadian identity was in opposition to the other groups inhabiting the Peloponnese, who claimed to be descended from the Dorians. There were some other exceptions, however, such as the Eleans (who were thought to descend from Aetolia), the Cynurians (who adapted Dorian elements into their local identity), and the  Achaeans (who were thought to have relocated to the northern Peloponnese following the Dorian invasion of the peninsula).

The antiquity of the Arcadians was also shown in their mythical ancestry, claiming that they descended from the hero Pelasgus, who sprung from the earth to become their ancestor and whose son was Lycaon, the grandfather of the region's eponymous hero, Arcas.

Arcadia (region)
Arcadia (/ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/; Greek: Ἀρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía) is a region in the central Peloponnese, Greece. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas, and in Greek mythology it was the home of the gods Hermes and Pan. In European Renaissance arts, Arcadia was celebrated as an unspoiled, harmonious wilderness; as such, it was referenced in popular culture.

The modern regional unit of the same name more or less overlaps with the historical region, but is slightly larger.
Elaine Christy
Elaine Christy is an American harpist. She has performed at high-profile concert halls including Steinway Hall, Carnegie's Weill Hall, and with the CBS Orchestra on the television show Late Show with David Letterman. In 2012, she is an instructor of harp at Princeton University.

Paul Shaffer and the World's Most Dangerous Band
Paul Shaffer and the World's Most Dangerous Band is an American musical ensemble led by Paul Shaffer. It was David Letterman's house band for 33 years.

The band formed in 1982 to serve as house band for NBC's Late Night with David Letterman. When Letterman moved to CBS and began hosting the Late Show with David Letterman in 1993, the band added a horn section and second guitarist, renaming itself (due to an intellectual property dispute with NBC) the CBS Orchestra, a name that lasted until Letterman left the Late Show in 2015. After a two-year hiatus, in 2017, the band was revived by Shaffer using its original name and released an album titled Paul Shaffer & The World's Most Dangerous Band, followed by a tour.
Devesh Kant Singh
Devesh Kant Singh (born 8 August 1968) is an Indian politician from Bihar. He is an MLA from Goriakothi Assembly constituency in Siwan District. He won the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election representing Bharatiya Janata Party.

Goriakothi Assembly constituency
Goreyakothi  is a Bihar Legislative Assembly Constituency in Siwan district in the Indian state of Bihar. This constituency was formed in 2010 after two blocks of Basantpur constituency were merged with Goreyakothi block and a new constituency was formed. Bhumendra Narayan Singh was the first MLA of this newly formed Goriakothi assembly seat in 2010. Satyadeo Prasad Singh was MLA from this constituency from 2015 to 2020 and Deveshkant Singh became MLA in 2020.
Shake That (Samantha Jade song)
"Shake That" is a song recorded by Australian singer Samantha Jade featuring American rapper Pitbull. "Shake That" was written by Antonio Dixon, Kenny "Babyface" Edmonds, Khristopher Riddick-Tynes, Carmen Reece, Leon Thomas III, Jonathan Percy Starker Saxe and Armando Pérez, and produced by Babyface, Antonio Dixon and The Rascals. It was released on 17 July 2015, as the lead single from Jade's second studio album, Nine, and debuted at number thirty-two on the Australian ARIA singles chart. The song's accompanying music video was released on the same day via YouTube and Vevo.

JP Saxe
Jonathan Percy Starker Saxe (born March 23, 1993) is a Canadian singer. The son of musician János Starker, he is best known for his 2019 single "If the World Was Ending" (featuring Julia Michaels), which peaked within the top 30 of both the Canadian Hot 100 and Billboard Hot 100.
Henry Gear
Henry Gear was a business and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Burin in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1894 to 1897 and from 1900 to 1913.

The son of George Gear, he was born in St. John's. In 1880, he took over control of his father's business, operating in partnership with W. J. Barnes as Gear and Company. The company manufactured and imported various items. A few years later, Gaar opened a second business, H. Gear and Company.

He was first elected to the Newfoundland assembly in an 1894 by-election. Gear was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1897 but was reelected in 1900, serving until his defeat in 1913. He served in the cabinet as a minister without portfolio from 1904 to 1909.

His son Ernest also served in the Newfoundland assembly and was the last person elected to the assembly from the Dominion of Newfoundland.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Obhur Creek
Obhur Creek, or Sharm Abḥur (شرم ابحر, between latitude
21°42'11" and 21°45'24" and longitude 39°05'12" and
39°08'48"E) is a tidal creek located on the eastern side of the Red Sea, near Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It is an old fluvial valley flooded by Red Sea water. 
The creek is a popular place for Red Sea marinas. The Jeddah Tower, a tower set to be the tallest building in the world at some point, will overlook the creek along with the Red Sea.

Tidal creek
A tidal creek or tidal channel is a narrow inlet or estuary that is affected by the ebb and flow of ocean tides. Thus, it has variable salinity and electrical conductivity over the tidal cycle, and flushes salts from inland soils. Tidal creeks are characterized by slow water velocity, resulting in buildup of fine, organic sediment in wetlands. Creeks may often be a dry to muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but with significant depth of water at high tide. Due to the temporal variability of water quality parameters within the tidally influenced zone, there are unique biota associated with tidal creeks which are often specialised to such zones. Nutrients and organic matter are delivered downstream to habitats normally lacking these, while the creeks also provide access to inland habitat for salt-water organisms.