hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Travel Air 1000
The Travel Air 1000 was an American single-engined biplane, the first product of the newly formed Travel Air Manufacturing Company of Wichita, Kansas. It led to a line of Travel Air biplanes produced until 1930 when the company was bought by Curtiss-Wright.

Curtiss-Wright
The Curtiss-Wright Corporation is an American manufacturer and services provider headquartered in Davidson, North Carolina, with factories and operations in and outside the United States. Created in 1929 from the consolidation of Curtiss, Wright, and various supplier companies, the company was immediately the country's largest aviation firm and built more than 142,000 aircraft engines for the U.S. military during World War II.

It no longer makes aircraft but still makes many related components, particularly actuators, aircraft controls, valves, and it provides surface-treatment services. It supplies equipment to the commercial, industrial, defense, and energy markets. It makes parts for commercial and naval nuclear power systems, industrial vehicles, and oil- and gas-related machinery.
Trade dollar
Trade dollars were silver coins minted as trade coins by various countries to facilitate trade with countries in East Asia, especially China and Japan. They all approximated in weight and fineness to the Spanish dollar, which had set the standard for a de facto common currency for trade in the Far East.

Fineness
The fineness of a precious metal object (coin, bar, jewelry, etc.) represents the weight of fine metal therein, in proportion to the total weight which includes alloying base metals and any impurities. Alloy metals are added to increase hardness and durability of coins and jewelry, alter colors, decrease the cost per weight, or avoid the cost of high-purity refinement. For example, copper is added to the precious metal silver to make a more durable alloy for use in coins, housewares and jewelry. Coin silver, which was used for making silver coins in the past, contains 90% silver and 10% copper, by mass. Sterling silver contains 92.5% silver and 7.5% of other metals, usually copper, by mass.

Various ways of expressing fineness have been used and two remain in common use: millesimal fineness expressed in units of parts per 1,000 and karats or carats used only for gold. Karats measure the parts per 24, so that 18 karat = 18⁄24 = 75% gold and 24 karat gold is considered 100% gold.
Il Seminario Musicale
Il Seminario Musicale is a baroque music ensemble founded in 1985 by the French countertenor Gérard Lesne, who is also its artistic director. Since 1990, the group has been resident of the Fondation de l'abbaye de Royaumont, thirty kilometres north of Paris. Their repertoire centers around 17th- and 18th-century Italian and French music, including that of Monteverdi, Cavalli, Vivaldi, Couperin and Charpentier.

Past and current members of the ensemble include Marc Minkowski, Fabio Biondi, Blandine Rannou, Bruno Cocset, Patrick Cohën-Akenine, Florence Malgoire, Benjamin Perrot, Anne-Marie Lasla and Violaine Cochard. Il Seminario Musicale has released almost 30 recordings with EMI-Virgin Classics and Naïve. Amongst the prizes they have received are the French "Diapason d'or" and the "Victoires de la Musique". The ensemble is supported by French Ministry of Culture and Communication, DRAC Ile-de-France, and the Conseil Général du Val d’Oise.

Bruno Cocset
Bruno Cocset (born in 1963 in France) is a baroque cello player. After studying in National Conservatory of Tours, he received classes from Anner Bylsma, Jaap Schröder and Christophe Coin. He has worked with many of the most important "historically informed" groups of Europe, having recording mainly with Jordi Savall's Le Concert des Nations before he created his own baroque ensemble: Les Basses Réunies. He is well known for the "rescue" of forgotten composers, such as Jean-Baptiste Barrière or Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, two examples of a vast corpus of recordings including innovative versions of Bach Cello Suites and Vivaldi Cello Concerti and Sonatas.
Lenoir Dow House
The Lenoir Dow House is a historic house at 215 Adams Street in Waltham, Massachusetts.  The 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house was built in 1888, during the building boom of the 1880s on Waltham's south side.  Built to house workers at the Waltham Watch Company, the house is a well-preserved Queen Anne Victorian, with an asymmetrical facade, hip roof topped by iron cresting, and a porch with ornate woodwork.  Lenoir Dow, the first owner, was a machinist.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Cresting (architecture)
Cresting, in architecture, is ornamentation attached to the ridge of a roof, cornice, coping or parapet, usually made of a metal such as iron or copper. Cresting is associated with Second Empire architecture, where such decoration stands out against the sharp lines of the mansard roof. It became popular in the late 19th century, with mass-produced sheet metal cresting patterns available by the 1890s.

Cresting is typically attached to the roof by bolts, and is often installed during construction of the roof, with sealants applied to the roof directly covering the bolts to prevent water penetration and corrosion in these areas.
Franz Wolfinger
Franz Josef Callistus Wolfinger (14 October 1820 – 20 March 1893) was a politician from Liechtenstein who served in the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1862 to 1882. He was also mayor of Balzers from 1867 to 1870.

Wolfinger worked as a postmaster in Balzers of the Thurn-und-Taxis Post from 1850, which he had taken over from his father. He was a judge in Balzers from 1860 to 1863. In the 1882 Liechtenstein general election, he refused his re-election to the Landtag.

He married Regina Getzner (13 November 1820 – 18 May 1864) on 11 May 1846 and they had eight children together. He then went on to marry Carolina Thoma (1837 – Unknown) on 8 January 1866 and they had another two children together. His son from his second marriage, Emil Wolfinger, also served in the Landtag.

Balzers
Balzers (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈbaltsərs] ⓘ) is a municipality and village located in southern Liechtenstein. In 2024, the village had a population of 4,806. The main part of the village is situated along the east bank of the Rhine.
Command master chief petty officer
Command master chief petty officer (CMDCM) is an enlisted rating in the United States Navy and U.S. Coast Guard, as well as a billet in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.

In the U.S. Navy, the command master chief petty officer is the senior enlisted advisor at a command and as such works as a liaison between the commanding officer and the enlisted ranks, serving as the senior enlisted leader. In this capacity, the CMDCM assists the commanding officer in issues of quality of life, discipline, training, and morale. Collectively, the CMDCM, commanding officer, and executive officer are referred to as the "big three".

Executive officer
An executive officer is a person who is principally responsible for leading all or part of an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

In many militaries and police forces, an executive officer (XO) is the second-in-command, reporting to the commanding officer (CO). The XO is typically responsible for the management of day-to-day activities, freeing the commander to concentrate on strategy and planning the unit's next move.
1260 (computer virus)
1260, or V2PX, was a polymorphic computer virus written in 1990 by Mark Washburn. Derived from Ralf Burger's publication of the disassembled Vienna Virus source code, the 1260 added a cipher and varied its signature by randomizing its decryption algorithm. Both the 1260 and Vienna infect .COM files in the current or PATH directories upon execution. Changing an authenticated executable file is detected by most modern computer operating systems.

COM file
A COM file is a type of simple executable file. On the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX operating systems of the 1970s, .COM was used as a filename extension for text files containing commands to be issued to the operating system (similar to a batch file). With the introduction of Digital Research's CP/M (a microcomputer operating system modeled after TOPS-10 for the PDP-10), the type of files commonly associated with COM extension changed to that of executable files. This convention was later carried over to DOS. Even when complemented by the more general EXE file format for executables, the compact COM files remained viable and frequently used under DOS.

The .COM file name extension has no relation to the .com (for "commercial") top-level Internet domain name. However, this similarity in name has been exploited by malware writers.
White-lined tanager
The white-lined tanager (Tachyphonus rufus) is a medium-sized passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is a resident breeder from Costa Rica south to northern Argentina and on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago.

Tobago
Tobago, officially the Ward of Tobago, is an island and ward in Trinidad and Tobago. It is 35 kilometres (20 nautical miles) northeast of the larger island of Trinidad and about 160 kilometres (85 nautical miles) off Venezuela's northeastern coast. It is southeast of Grenada and southwest of Barbados.
Despair (novel)
Despair (Russian: Отчаяние, or Otchayanie) is the seventh novel by Vladimir Nabokov, originally published in Russian, serially in the politicized literary journal Sovremennye zapiski during 1934. It was then published as a book in 1936, and translated to English by the author in 1937. Most copies of the 1937 English edition were destroyed by German bombs during World War II; only a few copies remain. Nabokov published a second English translation in 1965; this is now the only English translation in print.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Olumide Osoba
Olumide Babatunde OsobaListenⓘ is a Nigerian politician who is currently serving as a member representing the Abeokuta North/Obafemi Owode/Odeda Federal Constituency in the House of Representatives. Born on 15 April 1977, he hails from Ogun State and holds a Master’s degree. He was first elected into the House of Assembly in 2007. He was re-elected in 2011, 2019, and again in 2023 under the All Progressives Congress (APC). To celebrate the Eid-el-Kabir festival in 2025, he donated forty million naira to his constituents. This is in addition to his previous donations of cash and bags of rice in 2024.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Dale Beyerstein
Dale Beyerstein is a philosopher who has taught at Malaspina College, Douglas College, Kwantlen College, the University of British Columbia, and Langara College. Dale is a co-founder of the BC Skeptics, and director-at-large of the foundation.

Vancouver Island University
Vancouver Island University (abbreviated as VIU, formerly known as Malaspina University-College and Malaspina College) is a Canadian public research university serving Vancouver Island and coastal British Columbia. Malaspina College opened in 1969. The main campus is located in Nanaimo, with regional campuses in Duncan and Powell River.
Harbour Air
Harbour Air is a floatplane airline with scheduled, tour, and charter services based in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. Predominantly operating seaplanes the airline specializes in routes between Vancouver, Nanaimo, Victoria, Sechelt, Comox, Whistler and the Gulf Islands, primarily with de Havilland Canada floatplanes. Harbour Air operates de Havilland Beavers, Otters and Twin Otters.

Nanaimo
Nanaimo (/nəˈnaɪmoʊ/ nə-NY-moh) is a city on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo.

Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport. It is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor.
Sirkka Polkunen
Sirkka Tellervo "Telle" Polkunen (later Vilander, 6 November 1927 – 28 September 2014),  was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed at the 1952 and 1956 Olympics. She won a gold medal in the 3 × 5 km relay in 1956 and placed fifth and eighth in the individual 10 km event in 1952 and 1956, respectively. Polkunen also won a silver medal in the 3 × 5 km relay at the 1954 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships and finished sixth in the 10 km at those championships.

Polkunen never won a national title, placing second-third over 10 km in 1951, 1953–54 and 1956. She worked as a loader and packer at the Vihtavuori gunpowder factory, and retired from competitions in 1957.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1954
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1954 took place 13–21 February 1954 in Falun, Sweden. These were the first races where women competed with events in the 10 km and 3 × 5 km relay. It also saw the 18 km reduced to 15 km in men's cross-country along with the return of the 30 km which was last held in 1926. The Nordic combined saw the ski jump held first with the cross-country distance reduced to 15 km as well. The Soviet Union also debuted in these championships as well.
Vodafone Egypt
Vodafone (Egyptian Arabic: ڤودافون) is the largest mobile network operator in Egypt in terms of active subscribers. It was launched in 1998 under its former name, Click GSM (Egyptian: كليك چى اس ام). It covers various voice and data exchange services, as well as 5G, 4G, 3G, ADSL, and broadband Internet services.

Vodafone Egypt was initially headquartered in Maadi, Cairo since 1998 and until 2003; when Vodafone moved its headquarters to the Sixth of October City. Some of the key members of the core network launch team were Neil Marley, Ian Crawford, and Peter Karney. Currently, all of Vodafone's core operations are run from Vodafone's campus at the Smart Village Technology Park.

Maadi
Maadi (Egyptian Arabic: المعادى el-Maʿādi [elmæˈʕæːdi]) is a leafy and once suburban district in the Southern Area of Cairo, Egypt, on the east bank of the Nile about 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) upriver from downtown Cairo. The modern extensions north-east and east of Maadi, New Maadi and Zahraa al-Maadi are administratively part of the Basatin district.

The Nile in Maadi is paralleled by the Corniche, a waterfront promenade and the main road north into Cairo. There is no bridge across the Nile at Maadi; the nearest one is located at El Mounib along the Ring Road (Tarik El-Da'eri, English: The Round Road) on the way north to the downtown.

Maadi's population was estimated to be 85,000 according to the 2017 census. The district is popular with expatriates as well as Egyptians and is home to many embassies, as well as major international schools, sporting clubs, and cultural institutions such as the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt and the national Egyptian Geological Museum.
Mannequin (1926 film)
Mannequin is a 1926 American silent romantic drama film produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. James Cruze directed and Alice Joyce, Warner Baxter, and Dolores Costello were the stars. The film is still extant.

Alice Joyce
Alice Joyce Brown (née Joyce; October 1, 1890 – October 9, 1955) was an American actress who appeared in more than 200 films during the 1910s and 1920s. She is known for her roles in the 1923 film The Green Goddess and its 1930 remake of the same name.
Minnesota Valley State Recreation Area
Minnesota Valley State Recreation Area is a 5,490-acre (2,222 ha) unit of the Minnesota state park system in Scott County, Minnesota, the United States.  The park is not continuous but is composed of waysides, four of which are strung along the Minnesota River between Shakopee and Belle Plaine.  The various waysides are interspersed with units of the Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge, a part of the Mississippi National River and Recreation Area.  Although the state recreation area is managed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the national wildlife refuge by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, both agencies share a consistent signage to simplify visitation.

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, or Minnesota DNR, is the agency of the U.S. state of Minnesota charged with conserving and managing the state's natural resources. The agency maintains areas such as state parks, state forests, recreational trails, and recreation areas as well as managing minerals, wildlife, and forestry throughout the state. The agency is divided into six divisions - Ecological & Water Resources, Enforcement, Fish & Wildlife, Forestry, Lands & Minerals, and Parks & Trails.
Parabolic cylinder function
In mathematics, the parabolic cylinder functions are special functions defined as solutions to the differential equation

This equation is found when the technique of separation of variables is used on Laplace's equation when expressed in parabolic cylindrical coordinates.

The above equation may be brought into two distinct forms (A) and (B) by  completing the square and rescaling z, called H. F. Weber's equations:

and

If  is a solution, then so are

If  is a solution of equation (A), then  is a solution of (B), and, by symmetry,

are also solutions of (B).

Separation of variables
In mathematics, separation of variables (also known as the Fourier method) is any of several methods for solving ordinary and partial differential equations, in which algebra allows one to rewrite an equation so that each of two variables occurs on a different side of the equation.
Evolution of cognition
The evolution of cognition is the process by which life on Earth has gone from organisms with little to no cognitive function to a greatly varying display of cognitive function that we see in organisms today. Animal cognition is largely studied by observing behavior, which makes studying extinct species difficult. The definition of cognition varies by discipline; psychologists tend to define cognition by human behaviors, while ethologists have widely varying definitions. Ethological definitions of cognition range from only considering cognition in animals to be behaviors exhibited in humans, while others consider any action involving a nervous system to be cognitive.

Ethology
Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of the Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and the Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Cady Mountains
The Cady Mountains are a mountain range in the Mojave Desert and within Mojave Trails National Monument, in San Bernardino County, California.

They are located between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40, just east of Newberry Springs. The range lies to the west of the Bristol Mountains, and reach an elevation of 3,980 feet (1,210 m) above sea level at "Sleeping Beauty", at the southern end of the range.

The Pisgah Crater is found south of the Cady Mountains, on the south side of Interstate 40.

Newberry Springs, California
Newberry Springs is an unincorporated community in the western Mojave Desert of Southern California, located at the foot of the Newberry Mountains in San Bernardino County, California, United States.
Newberry Spring is a spring that in the 19th century supplied water to the local Santa Fe Railway and originally was a camping place.
The population at the 2000 census was 2,895.
David Cook (cyclist)
David Cook (born 12 January 1969) is a British former cyclist. Cook competed in the individual road race at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He also represented England in the road race, at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand.

1990 Commonwealth Games
The 1990 Commonwealth Games (Māori: 1990 Taumāhekeheke Commonwealth) were held in Auckland, New Zealand from, 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations.

Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. Judo (which had been a demonstration sport in 1986) and Gymnastics (last held in 1978) were added as events by the New Zealand organising committee, effectively replacing wrestling, which was dropped from the Games for the first time and rowing which had been held for the last time.

Netball and the Triathlon were demonstration events.
Volodymyr Kaplychnyi
Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Kaplychnyi (Ukrainian: Володимир Олександрович Капличний; 26 February 1944 – 19 April 2004) was a Ukrainian association football defender.

During his career he played for FC Dynamo Khmelnitsky (1962–1963), SKA Lviv (1964–1965) and PFC CSKA Moscow (1966–1975). He earned 62 caps for the USSR national football team, and participated in UEFA Euro 1968, the 1970 FIFA World Cup, and UEFA Euro 1972. He also earned a bronze medal at the 1972 Olympics.

FC Halychyna Drohobych
FC Halychyna Drohobych (Ukrainian: Галичина (Дрогобич)) is an amateur football club from Drohobych, Ukraine. The club was created in place of SKA Karpaty Lviv and amateur club Avanhard Drohobych on December 2, 1989 as SFC Drohobych.

Drohobych appeared in the Ukrainian Cup in 1999-2000, when they made the 1/16 round, and 2000-01. In 2003 the club lost its professional status   and competes in the Lviv Oblast Championship.
2019 Wiesbaden Tennis Open – Doubles
Hélène Scholsen and Chanel Simmonds were the defending champions, but Simmonds chose not to participate. Scholsen partnered alongside İpek Soylu, but lost to Ágnes Bukta and Julia Terziyska in the first round.

Anna Blinkova and Yanina Wickmayer won the title, defeating Jaimee Fourlis and Kathinka von Deichmann in the final, 6–3, 4–6, [10–3].

Ágnes Bukta
Ágnes Bukta (born 29 October 1993) is a Hungarian former professional tennis player.

In her career, she won eight singles and 20 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 16 October 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 294. On 1 May 2017, she peaked at No. 209 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for Hungary Fed Cup team, she has a win-loss record of 2–0.

Bukta was given a wildcard for the 2013 Budapest Grand Prix where she made her WTA Tour main-draw debut appearance in July 2013. She defeated Sandra Záhlavová in the first round in a third-set tiebreak only to be beaten in straight sets by eventual champion Simona Halep in round two.