hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rwanda Initiative for Sustainable Development
Rwanda Initiative for Sustainable Development (RISD) is a Rwandan non-governmental, non-profit Organization that mainly focuses on policy action oriented research and advocacy. In addition to the promotion of good land governance and the protection of land rights of the population especially for women and other vulnerable groups, RISD also plays an important role in the country and region in the promotion of the role of the civil society in sustainable development and policy engagement.

Civil society
Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere. By other authors, civil society is used in the sense of
(1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or
(2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.

Sometimes the term civil society is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc., that make up a democratic society" (Collins English Dictionary). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a normative concept of civic values.
Cabin John Parkway
The Cabin John Parkway is a controlled-access parkway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The parkway runs 1.50 miles (2.41 km) from the Clara Barton Parkway in Cabin John north to Interstate 495 (I-495) in Bethesda in southwestern Montgomery County. Cabin John Parkway is a four-lane freeway that serves as a connector between the Clara Barton Parkway in the direction of Washington, D.C., and I-495 in the direction of Rockville and Silver Spring. The parkway was constructed in the mid-1960s and passes under the historic Union Arch Bridge, the longest masonry arch span in America.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Crerar Hotels
Crerar Hotel Group Ltd is a hotel chain and private limited company, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded as North British Trust Hotels Ltd in December 1902 and changed its name to Crerar Hotel Group in January 2012.

Ballater
Ballater (/ˈbælətər/, Scottish Gaelic: Bealadair) is a village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on the River Dee, immediately east of the Cairngorm Mountains. Situated at an elevation of 213 metres (699 feet), Ballater is a centre for hikers and known for its spring water, once said to cure scrofula. It is home to more than 1400 inhabitants and has had a long connection with the British royal family.
William Owens (Canadian politician)
William Owens (May 15, 1840 – June 8, 1917) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Stonefield, County of Argenteuil, Canada East, the son of Owen Owens and Charlotte Lindley, Owens was a lieutenant in the Active Militia. He was also mayor, councillor and postmaster of the Township of Chatham. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in the 1881 Quebec general election as the Conservative candidate in the riding of  Argenteuil. He was acclaimed in 1886 and re-elected in 1890. He resigned in 1891. He was appointed to the Senate on the advice of Mackenzie Bowell representing the senatorial division of Inkerman, Quebec on January 2, 1896. A Conservative, he served 21 years until his death in 1917.

1881 Quebec general election
The 1881 Quebec general election was held on December 2, 1881, to elect members of the 5th Legislative Assembly for the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The Quebec Conservative Party, led by Premier Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau, defeated the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière.

The turnout was 44.53%.
Red and Black in Willisau
Red and Black in Willisau is a live album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman and drummer Ed Blackwell featuring performances recorded at the Willisau Jazz Festival in 1980 for the Italian Black Saint label.

Black Saint/Soul Note
Black Saint and Soul Note are two affiliated Italian independent record labels. Since their conception in the 1970s, they have released albums from a variety of influential jazz musicians, particularly in the genre of free jazz.
1988 Torneo Internazionale Città di Firenze – Doubles
Wolfgang Popp and Udo Riglewski were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Javier Frana and Christian Miniussi won the title by defeating Claudio Pistolesi and Horst Skoff 7–6, 6–4 in the final.

Udo Riglewski
Udo Riglewski (born 28 July 1966) is a former professional tennis player from Germany.  He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career he won 10 doubles titles and finished runner-up an additional 10 times. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 6 in 1991.
Gayle Pezzo
Gayle Pezzo is an American politician from Vermont. She has been a Democratic member of the Vermont House of Representatives for the Chittenden 20 District since 2025. Pezzo worked 30 years in the mental health field.

Vermont Democratic Party
The Vermont Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Vermont.

Since the founding of the Republican Party until the 1960s, Vermont was almost exclusively a Republican state, with Republicans dominating Vermont politics, especially the governorship, from 1854 to 1960. But Democrats have since staged a resurgence in state politics, perhaps inspired by the election of John F. Kennedy as president in 1960.

It is now the dominant party in the state, controlling Vermont's at-large U.S. House seat, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and majorities in both houses of the state legislature. Vermont's other U.S. Senate seat is held by Bernie Sanders, an independent who caucuses with the Democratic Party. The only statewide offices the party does not control is the governorship, held by Republican Phil Scott, and the lieutenant governorship, held by Republican John S. Rodgers.
Lowe Army Heliport
Lowe Army Heliport (IATA: LOR, ICAO: KLOR, FAA LID: LOR) is a military heliport serving Fort Rucker in Dale County, Alabama, United States. Owned by the United States Army, it is located 8 nautical miles (15 km) southwest of the city of Ozark.

Lowe AHP is an Army heliport with no active runways, but has several helipads A, B. C, E, G, L, M, N, R, S, V, W.

Ozark, Alabama
Ozark is a city in and the county seat of Dale County, Alabama. As of the 2020 census, Ozark had a population of 14,368.

Ozark is the principal city of the Ozark Micropolitan Statistical Area, as well as a part of the Dothan-Ozark Combined Statistical Area. Ozark was originally a part of Enterprise–Ozark micropolitan area before being split, and for a longer while was part of the Dothan-Enterprise-Ozark combined statistical area but Enterprise later became its own separate primary statistical area in later censuses. Fort Rucker, the primary flight training base for Army Aviation, abuts Ozark.
Fayetteville Ice and Manufacturing Company: Plant and Engineer's House
Fayetteville Ice and Manufacturing Company: Plant and Engineer's House is a historic ice factory and home located at Fayetteville, Cumberland County, North Carolina.  The ice plant was built in 1908, is constructed of brick and is composed of several sections including an ice storage room, a tank or freezing section, and an engine room. The engineer's house is a one-story center-hall plan frame dwelling with a rear ell and hip roof.  It features a one-story full-facade porch with Tuscan order columns.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Listed buildings in Charing
Charing is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Ashford of Kent, England. It contains six grade I, twelve grade II* and 99 grade II listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

Charing
Charing (listenⓘ) is a village and civil parish in the Ashford district of Kent, in south-east England. It includes the settlements of Charing Heath and Westwell Leacon. It is located at the foot of the North Downs and reaches up to the escarpment. In 2011 the parish had a population of 2,766.

The Pilgrims' Way, the M20 motorway and Charing railway station (between London Victoria and Ashford International via Maidstone) serve the parish.
Perry Trimper
Perry Trimper is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2015 provincial election, 2019 and 2021 provincial elections. He represented the electoral district of Lake Melville as a Liberal until 2025. Trimper worked for 30 years in northern resource development and wildlife ecology in Canada and Russia. As a principal scientist with Jacques Whitford and later Stantec, he was involved with numerous environmental research and assessment projects in Labrador.

Stantec
Stantec is an international professional services company in the design and consulting industry. The company was founded in 1954, as D. R. Stanley Associates in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Stantec provides professional consulting services in planning, engineering, architecture, interior design, landscape architecture, surveying, environmental sciences, project management, and project economics for infrastructure and facilities projects. The company provides services on projects around the world, with over 32,000 employees operating out of more than 450 locations in North America and across offices on six continents.
Valma Bass
Valma Bass (born 12 March 1974) is a former sprinter from the United States Virgin Islands who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres. She changed nationality from Saint Kitts and Nevis in May 2003.

For her old country she competed at the Olympic Games in 1996 and 2000 as well as the 2001 World Championships. She later competed at the 2003 World Championships and the 2004 World Indoor Championships. At none of these occasions she reached the final. She does have an eighth-place finish from the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games.

Her personal best times are 11.43 seconds in the 100 metres and 23.07 seconds in the 200 metres, both achieved in May 2000 in Baton Rouge. These times used to be the Saint Kitts and Nevis records, but they have been broken by Virgil Hodge. Bass still co-holds the Saint Kitts and Nevis record in 4 x 400 metres relay, which was achieved at the 1996 Olympic Games.

2001 World Championships in Athletics
The 8th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada between 3 and 12 August 2001 and was the first time the event had visited North America. The music for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies was composed by Canadian composers Jan Randall and Cassius Khan. The ceremonies also featured a thousand-strong voice choir, and the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra.

Edmonton defeated bids from Paris, France (which hosted the next edition) and the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States to host the event. Edmonton had previously hosted the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1983 Summer Universiade.
Adamowice, Łódź Voivodeship
Adamowice [adamɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kutno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Kutno and 52 km (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Kutno County
Kutno County (Polish: powiat kutnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kutno, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Żychlin, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kutno, and Krośniewice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Kutno.

The county covers an area of 886.29 square kilometres (342.2 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 104,124, out of which the population of Kutno was 47,557, that of Żychlin is 8,880, that of Krośniewice was 4,647, and the rural population was 43,040.
Norries Wilson
Norries Wilson (born June 24, 1965) is an American football coach and former player. Since 2017, he has been the director of player development at the University of Minnesota. He was the first African-American head football coach in the Ivy League when he began his tenure with the Columbia University football team in 2006.

He also has coached at Rutgers University, Bucknell University, Livingstone College, North Carolina Central University, was an offensive co-coordinator at Connecticut and was a graduate assistant at Minnesota.

A 1989 graduate of the University of Minnesota, Wilson was a captain, two-year starter and three-year letterwinner for the Gophers. He also earned two letters in wrestling, and qualified for the NCAA Championships as a heavyweight.

Rutgers University–New Brunswick
Rutgers University–New Brunswick is the flagship campus of Rutgers University, a public land-grant research university consisting of three major campuses in New Jersey. It is located primarily in New Brunswick and Piscataway. It is the oldest campus of the university, the others being in Camden and Newark. The New Brunswick campus is composed of several smaller campuses that are some distances away from each other: College Avenue, Busch, Livingston, Cook, and Douglass, the latter two sometimes referred to as "Cook/Douglass", as they are adjacent and intertwined. All of these campuses lie along State Route 18. Rutgers–New Brunswick also includes several buildings in downtown New Brunswick. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The New Brunswick campuses include 19 undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools.
Gladstone, British Columbia
Gladstone is a ghost town in the Boundary Country region of southern British Columbia. It is 18 km (11.2 mi) east of Christina Lake.

Initially honouring William Ewart Gladstone, the name changed to Coryell in 1900. Jack Arthur Coryell was a well-known surveyor in the region. However, Coryell was still often called Gladstone. At its peak in 1898, Gladstone had 3 hotels, 3 stores, and a livery stable, among other businesses. Gladstone was built on mining and the railway. Many prospectors came to mine in the Burnt Basin locality.

Christina Lake, British Columbia
Christina Lake is an unincorporated recreational area in the Boundary Country of the West Kootenay region of British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Crowsnest Highway (British Columbia Highway 3), 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Grand Forks and 73 kilometres (45 mi) southwest of Castlegar.
Tiffin River Wildlife Area
Tiffin River Wildlife Area is a non-contiguous 465-acre (188 ha) State Wildlife Management Area on Ohio State Route 66 in western Fulton County, Ohio between Fayette, Ohio and Archbold, Ohio. Hunting is allowed, and the Ohio DNR has released pheasants for hunting in the area.  There is a parking lot off County Road 23.

Archbold, Ohio
Archbold is a village in Fulton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 4,516 at the 2020 census. Located about 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Toledo, Archbold is home to Northwest State Community College.
Grishin, Kikvidzensky District, Volgograd Oblast
Grishin (Russian: Гришин) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Grishinskoye Rural Settlement, Kikvidzensky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 916 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

Kikvidzensky District
Kikvidzensky District (Russian: Кикви́дзенский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kikvidzensky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,120 square kilometers (820 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Preobrazhenskaya. Population: 17,669 (2010 census); 18,860 (2002 Census); 18,732 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Preobrazhenskaya accounts for 31.3% of the district's total population.
Johannes Kepler University Linz
The Johannes Kepler University Linz (German: Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, short: JKU) is a public university in Austria. It is located in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. It offers bachelor's, master's, diploma and doctoral degrees in business, engineering, law, science, social sciences and medicine.

Today, about 24,000 students study at the park campus in the northeast of Linz, with one out of nine students being from abroad. The university was the first in Austria to introduce an electronic student ID in 1998.

The university is the home of the Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Robur
Robur is Latin for "hard timber" or "oak", and, by metaphorical extension, "strength". It can refer to:

Robur the Conqueror, an 1886 novel by Jules Verne, also known as The Clipper of the Clouds
Master of the World (novel), Verne's sequel novel, starring the same character

Quercus robur, the pedunculate oak or English oak tree, a plant species

Robur (truck), an East German truck brand

Robur Carolinum (Latin for Charles' oak), a constellation named by the English astronomer Sir Edmond Halley in 1679

Robur (company), a wholesale coal merchant

Robur the Conqueror
Robur the Conqueror (French: Robur-le-Conquérant) is a science fiction novel by Jules Verne, published in 1886. It is also known as The Clipper of the Clouds. It has a sequel, Master of the World, which was published in 1904.
Golf ball
A golf ball is a ball designed to be used in golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 g), has a diameter not less than 1.680 inches (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by The R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in competitions (Rule 5–1).

Millimetre
The millimetre (SI symbol: mm; international spelling) or millimeter (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousandth of a metre, the SI base unit of length.

1 metre = 1000 millimetres

1 centimetre = 10 millimetres

One millimetre is also equal to:

1000 micrometres

1000000 nanometres

Since an inch is officially defined as exactly 25.4 millimetres, 1 millimetre is precisely 5⁄127 inches (≈ 0.03937 inches).
Vasil Kvachantiradze
Vasil Shalvas dze Kvachantiradze (Georgian: ვასილ შალვას ძე კვაჭანტირაძე; Russian: Василий Шалвович Квачантирадзе, romanized: Vasily Shalvovich Kvachantiradze; 15 January [O.S. 2 January] 1907 – 9 February 1950) was a Soviet sniper during World War II. He is credited with confirmed kills numbering at least 215 officers and soldiers of the German Wehrmacht during the Vitebsk–Orsha offensive and 517 confirmed kills total during the war, thus being considered as one of the deadliest snipers in history.

Order of the Red Star
The Order of the Red Star (Russian: Орден Красной Звезды, romanised: Orden Krasnoy Zvezdy) was a military decoration of the Soviet Union.  It was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 6 April 1930 but its statute was only defined in decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 5 May 1930. That statute was amended by decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 7 May 1936, of 19 June 1943, of 26 February 1946, of 15 October 1947, of 16 December 1947 and by decree No 1803-X of 28 March 1980.
Günther Uecker
Günther Uecker (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʏntɐ ˈʔʏkɐ]; 13 March 1930 – 10 June 2025) was a German painter, sculptor, op artist and installation artist. He became known primarily for his nail reliefs. In 1961, Uecker joined the ZERO group.

Honolulu Museum of Art
The Honolulu Museum of Art (formerly the Honolulu Academy of Arts) is an art museum in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi.  The museum is the largest of its kind in the state, and was founded in 1922 by Anna Rice Cooke. It has one of the largest single collections of Asian and Pan-Pacific art in the United States, and since its official opening on April 8, 1927, its collections have grown to more than 55,000 works of art.
In Your Area (album)
Hawkwind in Your Area is the twenty-second live/studio album by the English space rock group Hawkwind.

The live side was recorded during the group's 1997 tour to promote the Distant Horizons album. The studio tracks were recorded during 1998.

The group had ceased business dealings with former manager Douglas Smith who had been running the record label Emergency Broadcast System Records, and as a consequence found themselves without an outlet in Europe for their recordings. They had, however, a long-standing deal with Griffin Music in North America for licensing the EBS material, so this album received a North American release in January 1999, but no European equivalent. Later, in 2000, as Brock started to make archive material available for release in the UK through Voiceprint Records, it received a belated UK release.

Dave Brock
David Anthony Brock (born 20 August 1941) is an English musician and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the founder, the sole constant member and the musical focus of the space rock group Hawkwind. Brock was honoured with a lifetime achievement award at the annual Progressive Music Awards in 2013.
Boesky
Boesky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amy Boesky (fl. 1991), American author and professor

Ivan Boesky (1937–2024), American stock trader

Marianne Boesky (fl. 1996), founder of the Marianne Boesky Gallery in New York City

Marianne Boesky Gallery
Marianne Boesky Gallery is an art gallery located in the New York City neighborhood of Chelsea and Aspen, Colorado. Founded in 1996 in Soho by Marianne Boesky, it specializes in contemporary art. It represents established artists like Frank Stella and Jennifer Bartlett and a younger generation of artists like Sanford Biggers, The Haas Brothers, and Jammie Holmes. The gallery has two exhibition spaces in New York City and one in Aspen.