hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eurypon
Eurypon, otherwise called Eurytion (Ancient Greek: Εὐρυπῶν, Εὐρυτίων), son of Soos and grandson of Procles, was the third king of that house at Sparta, and thenceforward gave it the name of Eurypontidae.

Plutarch talks of his having relaxed the kingly power, and played the demagogue; and Polyaenus relates a war with the Arcadians of Mantineia under his command. He was succeeded by his son Prytanis, the father of Polydectes, in turn father of Eunomus (father of Charilaus) and Lycurgus.

Arcadia (region)
Arcadia (/ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/; Greek: Ἀρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía) is a region in the central Peloponnese, Greece. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas, and in Greek mythology it was the home of the gods Hermes and Pan. In European Renaissance arts, Arcadia was celebrated as an unspoiled, harmonious wilderness; as such, it was referenced in popular culture.

The modern regional unit of the same name more or less overlaps with the historical region, but is slightly larger.
Center-surround antagonism
Center-surround antagonism refers to antagonistic interactions between center and surround regions of the receptive fields of photoreceptor cells in the retina.  Center surround antagonism enables edge detection and contrast enhancement within the visual cortex.

Edge detection
Edge detection includes a variety of mathematical methods that aim at identifying edges, defined as curves in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or, more formally, has discontinuities. The same problem of finding discontinuities in one-dimensional signals is known as step detection and the problem of finding signal discontinuities over time is known as change detection. Edge detection is a fundamental tool in image processing, machine vision and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction.
Petrokimia Gresik
7°09′25″S 112°38′24″E﻿ / ﻿7.156935°S 112.640031°E﻿ / -7.156935; 112.640031

Petrokimia Gresik is a fertilizer company located in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia, which was initially established under the name 'Project of Petrokimia Surabaya'.

The construction agreement was mutually signed on August 10, 1964 with the effective date on December 8, 1964.  The project was officially inaugurated by the President of the Republic of Indonesia on July 10, 1972.  Hence the date is ultimately commemorated as the anniversary of PT Petrokimia Gresik.

President of Indonesia
The president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of ten years in office.

The current president is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.
ReliaQuest
ReliaQuest is an American cybersecurity technology company headquartered in Tampa, Florida, with offices in Salt Lake City, Las Vegas, London, Dublin and Pune, India. The company provides threat detection, investigation and response through its GreyMatter security platform, which employs artificial intelligence to automate many of those cybersecurity tasks.

As of 2022, they are the title sponsor of the ReliaQuest Bowl in the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

AI agent
In the context of generative artificial intelligence, AI agents (also referred to as compound AI systems or agentic AI) are a class of intelligent agents distinguished by their ability to operate autonomously in complex environments. Agentic AI tools prioritize decision-making over content creation and do not require continuous oversight.
Bucculatrix paroptila
Bucculatrix paroptila is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Maine, Massachusetts, Ontario and Nova Scotia. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1963.

The larvae feed on Comptonia peregrina and Myrica gale.

Annette Braun
Annette Frances Braun (August 24, 1884 – November 27, 1978) was an American entomologist and leading authority on microlepidoptera, a grouping of mostly small and nocturnal moths. Her special interest was leaf miners: moths whose larvae live and feed from within a leaf.
Bruno Leali
Bruno Leali (born 6 March 1958 in Roe Volciano) is an Italian former professional racing cyclist. He rode in 14 editions of the Giro d'Italia, six editions of the Tour de France and four editions of the Vuelta a España.

After retiring from cycling, Leali became the sports director for various teams, including an amateur cycling team he founded. In 2010, Leali was found to possess illicit drugs during the Girobio. The team, Lucchini-Unidelta, was therefore removed from the race. In 2011, the Italian Olympic Committee banned Leali from sport for life in May 2011 and sentenced him to a 20,000 euro fine. In September 2015, he was also included on the World Anti-Doping Agency's list of sporting staff who have been banned for life.

Italian National Olympic Committee
The Italian National Olympic Committee (Italian: Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, CONI; IOC Code: ITA), founded in 1914 and a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), is responsible for the development and management of sports activity in Italy. Within Italy, CONI recognizes 48 national sports federations, 15 associate sports disciplines, 14 promotional sports organizations, and 19 organizations for the betterment of sports.

In total 95,000 sports clubs with 11,000,000 members are recognized. Its 2016 annual budget is 412,900,000 euros which is primarily funded by the Italian government.
Iva Lulashi
Iva Lulashi (born 1988) is an Albanian painter who works in Milan.

Iva Lulashi was born on 1988 in Tirana, Albania. She graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice in 2016.

She paired with Guatemalan artist Regina José Galindo for shows that explored violence against women: Nearby Elsewhere at the Prometeo Gallery in Milan in 2020 and Mujer, Mujer, Mujer at the Alberta Pane Gallery in Paris in 2024.

Lulashi was selected to represent Albania at the 60th Venice Biennial.  Her exhibition, Love as a Glass of Water, invokes the glass of water theory of Russian feminist Alexandra Kollontai.

Glass of water theory
The glass of water theory is a doctrine asserting that in a communist society, satisfying sexual desires and love will be as simple and unimportant as drinking a glass of water. The theory is commonly associated with Alexandra Kollontai, although such characterization ignores the complexity of her theoretical work. Anatoly Lunacharsky criticized the theory in his article "On Everyday Life: Young People and the 'Glass of Water' Theory". The theory’s place in the Soviet ideological framework was later replaced by The Twelve Sexual Commandments of the Revolutionary Proletariat by Aron Zalkind.

1929 is considered the year of the end of the Bolshevik sexual revolution and the theory of the glass of water as its basis. However, several researchers in the history of the sexual revolution in the USSR argue that the sexual revolution formally ended in 1935 with the enactment of a law criminalizing pornography.
2013 Wales rugby union tour of Japan
In June 2013, Wales toured Japan as part of the 2013 mid-year rugby test series. They faced Japan in a two-test series on 8 and 15 June, playing in the oldest dedicated rugby union stadium in Japan, Kintetsu Hanazono Rugby Stadium in Osaka, and the home stadium of Japanese rugby, Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium in Tokyo. The test series was Wales' first test series against Japan since 2001, when Wales were victorious 2–0, and their first encounter since Wales' 72–18 victory in the 2007 Rugby World Cup Pool B match. Wales were also the first Tier 1 nation to play Japan in Japan since Italy in 2006.

At the start of the tour Japan were yet to earn a victory over the Welsh, with Wales winning all fixtures before this test series. However, the second match of the series saw Japan win their first test match against Wales. The test series ended in a 1–1 draw with Wales winning the first test and Japan winning the second.

Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium
Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium (秩父宮ラグビー場, Chichibunomiya Ragubī-jō) (also called Prince Chichibu Memorial Stadium) is a rugby union stadium located in the Aoyama district of central Tokyo, Japan. It is the spiritual home of Japanese rugby union and the headquarters of the Japan Rugby Football Union. Named for Prince Chichibu, the late brother of Emperor Hirohito, the venue is used mostly for rugby sevens and rugby union matches.

Redevelopment plans call for the stadium and the adjacent Meiji Jingu Stadium, used for baseball, to be demolished and replaced with new facilities.
Charrier
Charrier is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Charrier (born 1974), French actress

Cécile Charrier (born 1983), French neuroscientist researcher

Charly Charrier (born 1986), French footballer

Fernando Charrier (1931–2011), Italian Roman Catholic bishop

Jacques Charrier (1936–2025), French actor, film producer, painter and ceramist

René Charrier (born 1951), French footballer

Reynaldo Charrier (born 1945), Chilean geologist

Fernando Charrier
Fernando Charrier (12 September 1931 – 7 October 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Alessandria della Paglia, Italy.

Ordained to the priesthood in 1956, Charrier became a bishop in 1984 and retired in 2007.
Gampola
Gampola (Sinhala: ගම්පොල, Tamil: கம்பளை) is a town located in Kandy District, in Sri Lanka's Central Province. The town is governed by an Urban Council. Gampola was made the capital of the island by King Buwanekabahu IV, who ruled for four years in the mid-fourteenth century. The last king of Gampola was King Buwanekabahu V, who ruled the island for 29 years. A separate city was built in Kotte during this time by a noble known as Alagakkonara. The longest sleeping Buddha statue in South Asia is located in the Saliyalapura Temple, Gampola.

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
Alan Killigrew
Robert "Alan" Killigrew (27 January 1918 – 10 June 2001) was an Australian rules footballer who went on to a celebrated career as senior coach in the Victorian Football League (VFL), South Australian National Football League (SANFL) and West Australian National Football League (WANFL).

Norwood Football Club
The Norwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, is an Australian rules football club competing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Its home ground is Coopers Stadium (Norwood Oval), which is often referred to as "The Parade". It is one of the two traditional powerhouse clubs of the SANFL, the other being Port Adelaide, who together have won half of all SANFL premierships (see Port Adelaide–Norwood SANFL rivalry). The club has won 31 SANFL premierships and 1 SANFLW premiership.
Alan McIndoe
Alan McIndoe (born 14 May 1964) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. A Queensland State of Origin and Australian international representative wing, he played club football in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership for the Illawarra Steelers, with whom he topped the League's try-scoring list in 1991, and the Penrith Panthers. On 4 October 2006 McIndoe was named on the wing in a 40 Year Panthers Legends Team. The same year he was named on the wing in the Illawarra Steelers' "Team of Steel".

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
Second Battle of Novi (1799)
The Second Battle of Novi or Battle of Bosco (24 October 1799) saw a Republican French corps under General of Division Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr face a division of Habsburg Austrian soldiers led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant Andreas Karaczay. For several hours, the Austrians defended themselves valiantly, relying on their superior cavalry and artillery. By the end of the day, the French and allied Poles routed the Austrians from their positions in this War of the Second Coalition action. Novi Ligure is south of Alessandria, Italy.

A string of defeats, culminating with the Battle of Novi on 15 August 1799 left the French Army of Italy clinging to Genoa, Cuneo and the crests of the Ligurian Alps. An Austrian threat to Genoa was met with Saint-Cyr's strong thrust north through Novi against Karaczay's division at Bosco Marengo. Further west, Jean Étienne Championnet with the main body of the Army of Italy clashed with Michael von Melas's Austrians at Genola on 4 November.

Jean-Étienne Championnet
Jean-Étienne Vachier Championnet (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ etjɛn vaʃje ʃɑ̃pjɔnɛ]; 13 April 1762 – 9 January 1800) was a French Army officer who led a Republican French division in several important battles of the French Revolutionary Wars. He became commander-in-chief of the Army of Rome in 1798 and of the Army of Italy in 1799. He died in early 1800 of typhus. His name is one of the names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 3.
Ellen Meara
Ellen Rose Meara is a professor at The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, part of Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States. Her research is in the fields of health economics and health policy. She is also a faculty research fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research and an adjunct professor in economics at Dartmouth College.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Cape Tobin
Cape Tobin (Greenlandic: Uunartoq, "that which one burns oneself on") is a cape located in the northeast of Sermersooq, Greenland. It is located near the settlement of Ittoqqortoormiit, where short trips and long hauls provide access to the cape. Cape Tobin is located opposite Cape Brewster (Kangikajik). It is called Uunartoq because it is home to the hottest hot spring in Greenland, where the water temperature is 62 °C (144 °F).

Cape (geography)
In geography, a cape is a headland, peninsula or promontory extending into a body of water, usually a sea. A cape usually represents a marked change in trend of the coastline, often making them important landmarks in sea navigation. This also makes them prone to natural forms of erosion, mainly tidal actions, resulting in a relatively short geological lifespan.
Sérgio Marques
Mário Sérgio Quaresma Gonçalves Marques (born 25 February 1957) is a Portuguese lawyer and politician, who served as member of the Assembly of the Republic. He was the Regional Secretary of Parliamentary and European Affairs in the Regional Government of Madeira, between 2015 and 2017, in the first regional government led by Miguel Albuquerque. He was also a member of the European Parliament for the PPD/PSD from 1999 to 2009, when he refused to reinstate the lists due to disagreement with the then chairman of the PPD/PSD-Madeira Political Commission and president of the Regional Government of Madeira, Alberto João Jardim.

Alberto João Jardim
Alberto João Cardoso Gonçalves Jardim, GCC, GCIH (Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈβɛɾtu ʒuˈɐ̃w ʒɐɾˈðĩ], born 4 February 1943) is a Portuguese politician who was the President of the Regional Government of Madeira, Portugal, from 1978 to 2015.
Ocular larva migrans
Ocular larva migrans (OLM), also known as ocular toxocariasis, is the ocular form of larva migrans syndrome. It occurs when roundworm larvae invade the human eye. OLM infections in humans are caused by the larvae of Toxocara canis (dog roundworm), Toxocara cati (feline roundworm), Ascaris suum (large roundworm of pig), or Baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon roundworm).

They may be associated with visceral larva migrans. Unilateral visual disturbances, strabismus, and eye pain are the most common presenting symptoms.

Ascaris suum
Ascaris suum, also known as the large roundworm of pig, is a parasitic nematode that causes ascariasis in pigs. While roundworms in pigs and humans are today considered as two species (A. suum and A. lumbricoides) with different hosts, cross-infection between humans and pigs is possible; some researchers have thus argued they are the same species. Ascariasis is associated with contact to pigs and pig manure in Denmark.

A. suum is distributed worldwide and grows up to 40 cm (16 in) in length. Ascaris infections are treated with ascaricides. A. suum is in the family Ascarididae, and is one of the oldest associations to mankind.
Mandre Nalgiev
Mandre Doltmurzievich Nalgiev (c. 1865 – 1924) was an Ingush freedom fighter in the Russian Civil War, known for defending his native village Surkhakhi from the troops of Denikin's Forces during his campaign in Ingushetia. Mandre belonged to the Nal'ganeaq'an clan and is the national hero of the Ingush.

Freedom fighter
A freedom fighter is a person engaged in a struggle to achieve political freedom, particularly against an established government. The term is typically reserved for those who are actively involved in armed or otherwise violent rebellion.
793 Arizona
793 Arizona is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered April 9, 1907 by American businessman Percival Lowell at Flagstaff. It was named for the state of Arizona. The object was independently discovered on April 17, 1907, by J. H. Metcalf at Taunton. This is a main belt asteroid orbiting 2.8 AU from the Sun with a period of 4.675 yr and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.13. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 15.8° to the plane of the ecliptic.

Photometric observations at the Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado Springs, Colorado during the winter of 2007–2008 were used to build a light curve for this asteroid. The asteroid displayed a period of 7.367±0.005 h and a brightness change of 0.25±0.02 in magnitude. It spans a diameter of approximately 29 km and is a candidate D-type asteroid with an unusual spectrum.

D-type asteroid
D-type asteroids have a very low albedo and a featureless reddish spectrum. It has been suggested that they have a composition of organic-rich silicates, carbon and anhydrous silicates, possibly with water ice in their interiors. D-type asteroids are found in the outer asteroid belt and beyond; examples are 152 Atala, 944 Hidalgo and most Jupiter trojans.  It has been suggested that the Tagish Lake meteorite was a fragment from a D-type asteroid, and that the Martian moon Phobos is closely related.

The Nice model suggests that D-type asteroids may have originated in the Kuiper belt.    46 D-type asteroids are known, including: 3552 Don Quixote, 944 Hidalgo, 624 Hektor, and 10199 Chariklo.
Grič pri Trebnjem
Grič pri Trebnjem (pronounced [ˈɡɾiːtʃ pɾi ˈtɾeːbnjɛm]) is a small settlement west of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. It lies below the northern slopes of Fat Hill (Slovene: Debeli hrib, 420 m). The Municipality of Trebnje is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Trebnje
The Municipality of Trebnje (pronounced [ˈtɾeːbnjɛ] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Trebnje) is a municipality in Slovenia in the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The seat of the municipality is the town of Trebnje.

The municipality was established on 3 October 1994. It was increased in size on 6 August 1998, when the settlements of Kostanjevica and Ravne nad Šentrupertom were transferred to the municipality from the neighboring Municipality of Litija. It was then reduced in size on 13 June 2006 with the formation of the new municipalities of Mokronog-Trebelno and Šentrupert from the municipality's territory. On February 26, 2011, Trebnje was again reduced in size when the Municipality of Mirna was reestablished.
Dadnab
Dadnab is a free text-messaging service that provides transit information in several major metropolitan areas throughout the United States.  Users of this service can use any text-message enabled cell phone or any other text-messaging device to send a request for information to one of Dadnab's phone numbers, and they can expect an instantaneous response.

Dadnab relies on transit authority databases for the information that it provides.  Queries can cover trip planning, location information, or help requests.  Typically, a Dadnab user will send a text message with an origin and destination to one of Dabnab's phone numbers, and will receive a text message seconds later with routes, stops, departure, transfer and arrival times. Users can also specify desired departure times in their queries.

Roger L. Cauvin, founder and operator of the service, is a longtime resident of Austin, Texas and a frequent user of public transportation.

Text messaging
Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, desktops/laptops, or another type of compatible computer. Text messages may be sent over a cellular network or may also be sent via satellite or Internet connection.

The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS) on mobile devices. It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages using the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Rich Communication Services (RCS), which can contain digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons), and on various instant messaging apps. Text messaging has been an extremely popular medium of communication since the turn of the century and has also influenced changes in society.