hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ruth Pfau
Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau, FCM (Urdu: رتھ فاؤ; 9 September 1929 – 10 August 2017) was a German–Pakistani Catholic Christian religious sister and physician who was a member of the "Society of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary". She emigrated from Germany in 1961 and devoted more than 55 years of her life to fighting leprosy in Pakistan. Pfau was honoured with Hilal-e-Pakistan, Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Nishan-i-Quaid-i-Azam, and the Sitara-i-Quaid-i-Azam awards.

Pfau contributed to the establishment of 157 leprosy clinics across Pakistan that treated over 56,780 people. Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College and Dr. Ruth Pfau Hospital are named after her death in Karachi. She died in August 2017 and was buried with full state honours.

Hilal-e-Pakistan
Hilal-e-Pakistan (Urdu: ہلالِ پاکستان, lit. 'Crescent of Pakistan') is the second-highest civil award (in the hierarchy of "Hilale") of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The award seeks to recognize those people who have made "meritorious contribution to the national interests of Pakistan, or cultural, social contribution, or other significant public or private endeavors". The award is not limited to Pakistani citizens. While it is a civilian award, it can also be conferred upon foreign nationals. It is bestowed by the president of Pakistan once a year on the eve of Independence day.
Jamaica Hospital Medical Center
Jamaica Hospital Medical Center is a private, non-profit teaching hospital and emergency facility in the Jamaica neighborhood of Queens, New York City, on the service road of the Van Wyck Expressway at Jamaica Avenue. The hospital is a clinical campus of the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine and provides clinical clerkship education for the college's osteopathic medical students.

New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine
The New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine (NYIT-COM) is a private medical school located primarily in Old Westbury, New York. It also has a degree-granting campus in Jonesboro, Arkansas. Founded in 1977, NYIT-COM is an academic division of the New York Institute of Technology. Formerly the New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, it is one of the largest medical schools in the United States. In 2025, the NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine had a 97.5% match rate and a 96.96% COMLEX Level 1 pass rate.
How Green Was My Valley
How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 novel by Richard Llewellyn, narrated by Huw Morgan, the main character, about his Welsh family and the mining community in which they live. The author had claimed that he based the book on his own experiences, but this was found after his death to be doubtful; Llewellyn was English-born and spent little time in Wales, though he was of Welsh descent. Llewellyn gathered material for the novel from conversations with local mining families in the village of Gilfach Goch, in southeast Wales.

In the United States, Llewellyn won the National Book Award for favourite novel of 1940, voted by members of the American Booksellers Association.

American Booksellers Association
The American Booksellers Association (ABA) is a non-profit trade association founded in 1900 that promotes independent bookstores in the United States. ABA's core members are key participants in their communities' local economy and culture, and to assist them ABA creates relevant programs; provides education, information, business products, and services; and engages in public policy and industry advocacy. The Association actively supports and defends free speech and the First Amendment rights of all Americans, without contradiction of equity and inclusion, through the American Booksellers for Free Expression. A volunteer board of 13 booksellers governs the Association. Previously headquartered in White Plains, New York, ABA became a fully remote organization in 2024.

In 1947, ABA launched the American Booksellers Association Convention and Trade Show, later known as BookExpo America (though ABA had held conventions as early as 1901).
Five Feet Apart (soundtrack)
Five Feet Apart (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score for the 2019 film Five Feet Apart directed by Justin Baldoni, starring Cole Sprouse and Haley Lu Richardson. The film score is composed by Brian Tyler and Breton Vivian and released through Lakeshore Records on March 15, 2019.

Justin Baldoni
Justin Louis Baldoni (born January 24, 1984) is an American actor and director. He is best known for playing Rafael Solano on the CW telenovela Jane the Virgin (2014–2019) and for starring in and directing the romantic drama film It Ends with Us (2024). He has also directed Five Feet Apart (2019) and Clouds (2020).

Baldoni co-founded the production company Wayfarer Studios in 2019. Through his company he has produced and co-hosted the Man Enough podcast. He has also published two books on exploring positive masculinity and overcoming societal expectations of being a man. He is also currently involved in litigation after Blake Lively, who co-starred with him in It Ends with Us, accused him of sexual harassment.
Panix Pass
Panix Pass or Panixer Pass (Romansh: Pass dil Veptga, German: Panixerpass) (2404 m) is a Swiss Alpine pass between the cantons of Glarus and Graubünden.

The pass was once an important trade route between the canton of Glarus and Italy. It connects Elm in the Sernftal in Glarus with Pigniu (Panix) in the Vorderrhein valley of Graubünden. It is not passable by car.

In October 1799, Russian General Alexander Suvorov made a strategic retreat from the French Revolutionary forces south over the pass and regrouped his forces in Austria.

Vorderrhein
The Vorderrhein (German: [ˈfɔʁdɐˌʁaɪn] ⓘ; Sursilvan: Rein Anteriurⓘ; Sutsilvan: Ragn Anteriur; Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader, and Puter: Rain Anteriur; Surmiran: Ragn anteriour), or Anterior Rhine, is the left of the two initial tributaries of the Rhine (the other being the Hinterrhein). It is longer than the Hinterrhein, but has a lower discharge than the latter at their confluence, which marks the beginning of the Alpine Rhine section.

The Vorderrhein and nearly all of its tributaries are located in the Swiss canton of Grisons (Graubünden), with the largest communities along the river being Disentis and Ilanz. One of its upper tributaries, the Rein da Medel, rises in the canton of Ticino.

Vorderrhein was also the name of a judicial district that was created in 1851 with the reorganization of the judiciary of Graubünden. In 2001, it was annexed by the District Surselva.
Axian Telecom
Axian Telecom is a group operating in the telecommunications services, ICT infrastructure and mobile money services across Africa and the Indian ocean. The group started its activities in 2003 and maintains its headquarters in Mauritius and Dubai. AXIAN Telecom was ranked 74th on the Financial Times' 2025 list of Africa's fastest growing companies in Africa. Currently, AXIAN Telecom and its operations are active across eleven markets: Tanzania, Madagascar, Togo, Uganda, Senegal, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Reunion, Mayotte, Kenya and Malawi.

In 2024, AXIAN Telecom's MNO's rebranded as Yas across Tanzania, Madagascar, Comoros, Senegal and Togo, while it's fintech arms in Tanzania, Togo and Senegal became Mixx.

Mobile Money
Mobile Money is a mobile payments system based on accounts held by a mobile operator and accessible from subscribers' mobile phones. The conversion of cash into electronic value (and vice versa) happens at retail stores (or agents). All transactions are authorised and recorded in real-time using SMS. in the year 2007, M-PESA was launched.

In 2008, a Ugandan software developer named Ronald Egesa of Mobitrix Uganda Ltd was reported by the leading newspapers to have developed the country's first mobile phone bank that he called SmartCash  It was reported to be a network independent service.

In 2009, GSMA made a grant to Safaricom to support the development of a social transfer payment project via M-Pesa.

M-PESA was developed by Vodafone and first deployed by its Kenyan affiliate Safaricom. In May 2012, there were over 15 million customers of M-PESA in Kenya.
Jodidar
Jodidar is a 1997 Indian Hindi-language fantasy film directed by T. L. V. Prasad, starring Mithun Chakraborty, Raasi, Bindushree, Aditya Pancholi and Prem Chopra. The film is a remake of the Telugu Blockbuster film Rajendrudu Gajendrudu.

T. L. V. Prasad
T. L. V. Prasad is an Indian film director who predominantly worked in Hindi and Telugu cinema.. He is the director of nearly 70 Hindi films and 35 Telugu films. He also directed a few films in Bengali cinema.
Tin Ping West (constituency)
Tin Ping West (Chinese: 天平西) is one of the 18 constituencies in the North District, Hong Kong.

The constituency returns one district councillor to the North District Council, with an election every four years.

Tin Ping West constituency has an estimated population of 13,050.

North District Council
The North District Council (Chinese: 北區區議會) is one of the 18 Hong Kong district councils and represents the North District. It is one of 18 such councils. Consisting of 24 members, the district council is drawn from two constituencies, which elect 4 members, along with 8 district committee members, 8 appointed members, and four ex officio members who are the Ta Kwu Ling, Sheung Shui, Sha Tau Kok and Fanling rural committee chairmen. The latest election was held on 10 December 2023.
Japan Society North West
The Japan Society North West (JSNW) is a non-profit organisation based in northwest England. Formed in 2004, it aims to promote Japanese culture and Japan–United Kingdom relations.

The JSNW grew out of the original UK Japan Society of the North West, which was founded in 1996 to provide a focus for local companies with business interests in Japan. This organisation was eventually dissolved, and many of its former members formed the JSNW in May 2004.

The JSNW organised a Japan Day at Manchester Town Hall in 2006, which was opened by the Ambassador of Japan to the United Kingdom Yoshiji Nogami and the Lord Mayor of Manchester David Sandiford. It has since organised and hosted multiple annual events around northwest England.

Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.
Virgil L. Peterson
Virgil Lee Peterson (22 September 1882 – 15 February 1956) was an Inspector General of the United States Army. Peterson graduated third in the United States Military Academy class of 1908, and much of his early career was spent in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, including serving as the district engineer of the Los Angeles District and commander of the 3rd Engineers.

During World War I, he was Commanding Officer, Engineer Officers' Training Camp at Camp Lee, Virginia, from April to August 1918; and Director of Training at Camp Humphreys, Virginia, until October 1918. He was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal twice, once for his service during World War I, and again for his work as Inspector General during World War II.

Drew Pearson (journalist)
Andrew Russell Pearson (December 13, 1897 – September 1, 1969) was an American columnist, noted for his syndicated newspaper column "Washington Merry-Go-Round". He also had a program on NBC Radio titled Drew Pearson Comments. He was known for his approach towards high-level politicians, such as senators, cabinet members, generals and American presidents.
2015 ATP World Tour Finals
The 2015 ATP World Tour Finals (also known as the 2015 Barclays ATP World Tour Finals for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis year-end tournament that was played at the O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom, between 15 and 22 November 2015. It was the season-ending event for the best singles players and doubles teams on the 2015 ATP World Tour.

2015 US Open (tennis)
The 2015 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 135th edition of the US Open, the fourth and final Grand Slam event of the year. It took place at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center.

Marin Čilić was the defending champion in the men's singles event, but lost to eventual champion Novak Djokovic in the semifinals. Serena Williams was the three-time defending champion in the women's singles event and was also trying to complete the first calendar Grand Slam since Steffi Graf in 1988, having won the Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon, but lost to Roberta Vinci in the semifinals. Flavia Pennetta won the women's singles title and became the first Italian to win the US Open. The finalists Vinci and Flavia Pennetta were childhood friends from Southern Italy and grew up together.
Jens Scharping
Jens Scharping (born 16 July 1974) is a German former professional footballer who played as a striker. He spent two seasons in the Bundesliga with FC St. Pauli, as well as eight seasons in the 2. Bundesliga with St. Pauli, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, VfB Lübeck, and Alemannia Aachen.

Alemannia Aachen
Aachener Turn- und Sportverein Alemannia 1900 e. V., short Alemannia Aachen (German pronunciation: [aleˈmani̯aː ˈʔaːxn̩]), is a German football club from the western city of Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia. A long-term fixture of the country's second division, Alemannia enjoyed a three-year turn in the Bundesliga in the late 1960s and, after a successful 2005–06 campaign, returned to the first division for a single season. The club slipped to third-division play and in late 2012 entered into bankruptcy. They finished their 2012–13 3. Liga schedule before resuming play in the tier IV Regionalliga West in 2013–14.

In the 2023–24 Regionalliga, Alemannia finished 1st in the West Group, which got them immediately promoted to the 2024–25 3. Liga.

Alemannia carries the nickname "the potato beetles" (Kartoffelkäfer) because of their traditionally striped yellow-black jerseys, which make them look like the particular insects. The home of Alemannia is the Tivoli.
Mohamed Mrsal
Mohamed Issa Mrsal (born 1 January 1978) is a Libyan basketball player who competed as a member of the Libya national basketball team since in the 2000s.

Mrsal was one of the most consistent members of the Libyan team that finished 11th as the host country in the 2009 FIBA Africa Championship.  He averaged 15.1 PPG and 34.5 minutes per game over eight games for the Libyans.  Mrsal scored 24 points and grabbed seven rebounds to go along with six assists while playing all 40 minutes in helping the Libyans to victory in the 11th place game over Morocco.

Morocco men's national basketball team
The Morocco national basketball team represents Morocco in international basketball competitions. The team is governed by the Moroccan Royal Basketball Federation, also known as the FRMBB. The team has appeared at the FIBA AfroBasket 20 times and has won the gold medal in the 1965 tournament. In 1968, Morocco finished as runners-up.

The team made the Olympics once, in 1968, but went 0-9 in those games, holding the ignominious distinction of playing the most Olympic basketball games without winning any.
Alexandra Szacka
Alexandra Szacka is a Canadian television journalist, who has been a foreign correspondent for CBC News in both the English and French divisions. She has been the network's correspondent in New York City, Moscow and Paris.

Szacka's career began at Radio-Québec and has earned her numerous awards, including the Prix Judith-Jasmin and a Prix Gémeaux. She earned a master's degree in anthropology from Université Laval and is fluent in five languages: English, French, Spanish, Polish and Russian.

Born in Poland, she is the sister of writer Joanna Gruda and journalist Agnès Gruda.

Université Laval
Université Laval is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.
Masovian Voivodeship (1816–1837)
The Masovian Voivodeship was a voivodeship of the Congress Poland, that existed from 1816 to 1837. Its capital was Warsaw. It was established on 16 January 1816, from the Warsaw Department and the three counties of the Bydgoszcz Department, and existed until 23 February 1837, when it was replaced by the Masovian Governorate. During the January Uprising, the Polish National Government, announced the re-establishment of the voivodeships with the borders from 1816, reestablishing the administration of the Masovian Voivodeship within the part of Warsaw Governorate. It existed from 1863 to 1864, when it was abolished, and replaced by the Warsaw Governorate.

Bydgoszcz Department
Bydgoszcz Department (Polish: Departament bydgoski) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806 to 1815.

Its capital city was Bydgoszcz.

Following the Decree of 19 December 1807, the area was further divided into 10 counties (powiats).
Moesia Prima
Moesia Prima (/ˈmiːʃə, -siə, -ʒə/; Latin: Moesia; Greek: Μοισία) was a frontier province of the Late Roman Empire, situated in the central parts of present-day Serbia, along the south bank of the Danube River. Its provincial capital was Viminacium, near modern Kostolac in Serbia).

Later Roman Empire
In historiography, the Late or Later Roman Empire, traditionally covering the period from 284 CE to 641 CE, was a time of significant transformation in Roman governance, society, and religion. Diocletian's reforms, including the establishment of the tetrarchy, aimed to address the vastness of the empire and internal instability. The rise of Christianity, legalized by Constantine the Great in 313 CE, profoundly changed the religious landscape, becoming a central force in Roman life. Simultaneously, barbarian invasions, particularly by the Goths and the Huns, weakened the Western Roman Empire, which collapsed in 476 CE. In contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire endured, evolving into the Byzantine Empire and laying the foundations for medieval Europe.

This article ends with the Arab conquest of Egypt in 641 CE and the beginning of the Byzantine Dark Ages.
Partition of unity
In mathematics, a partition of unity on a topological space ⁠⁠ is a set ⁠⁠ of continuous functions from ⁠⁠ to the unit interval [0,1] such that for every point :

there is a neighbourhood of ⁠⁠ where all but a finite number of the functions of ⁠⁠ are zero, and

the sum of all the function values at ⁠⁠ is 1, i.e.,

Partitions of unity are useful because they often allow one to extend local constructions to the whole space.  They are also important in the interpolation of data, in signal processing, and the theory of spline functions.

Neighbourhood (mathematics)
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. It is closely related to the concepts of open set and interior. Intuitively speaking, a neighbourhood of a point is a set of points containing that point where one can move some amount in any direction away from that point without leaving the set.
European DataWarehouse
European DataWarehouse (EDW) is a Securitisation Repository designated by both the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). European DataWarehouse GmbH is part of the ABS Loan Level Data initiative established by the European Central Bank that is engaged in providing data warehousing services and full disclosure for investors in asset-backed securities (ABS). It provides an open platform for users to access asset-backed security data.

It is the first centralised data repository in Europe for collecting, validating and making accessible to download point-by-point, institutionalised and asset class specific loan-level data (LLD) for asset-backed securities (ABS) transactions. European DataWarehouse helps to facilitate risk assessment and improve transparency for European ABS deals.

Financial Conduct Authority
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom. It operates independently of the UK Government and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry. The FCA regulates financial firms providing services to consumers, and maintains the integrity of the financial markets in the United Kingdom.

It focuses on the regulation of conduct by both retail and wholesale financial services firms. Like its predecessor the FSA, the FCA is structured as a company limited by guarantee.: 140

The FCA works alongside the Prudential Regulation Authority and the Financial Policy Committee to set regulatory requirements for the financial sector. The FCA is responsible for the conduct of around 58,000 businesses which employ 2.2 million people and contribute around £65.6 billion in annual tax revenue to the economy in the United Kingdom.
Mobin Mohan
Mobin Mohan is an Indian novelist who writes in the Malayalam language. He is a recipient of the Kendra Sahitya Akademi Yuva award of 2021.
He was born in 1988 at Kanchiyar, Idukki district. His grandfather migrated to Idukki from Kottayam in 1944. He was born as the son of NG Mohanan and Sobhana. He completed his education from St Mary's  School Kanchiyar, St Mary's school Marykulam, St Jerome's HSS Vellamkudy, college of applied science Kattappana. He was a lecturer of St Sebastian's college, Kattappana. He worked as the District Project coordinator of Kerala cultural department.He is a general council member of Kerala Sahithya Akademi member. He is currently working at Munsiff's court Kattappana.

Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi is an organisation recognised as India's "National Academy of Letters", dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its office is located in Rabindra Bhavan near Mandi House in Delhi.

The Sahitya Akademi organises national and regional workshops and seminars; provides research and travel grants to authors; publishes books and journals, including the Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature; and presents the annual Sahitya Akademi Award of INR. 100,000 in each of the 24 languages it supports, as well as the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

The Sahitya Akademi Library is one of the largest multi-lingual libraries in India, with a rich collection of books on literature and allied subjects.

It publishes two bimonthly literary journals: Indian Literature in English and Samkaleen Bharatiya Sahitya in Hindi.