hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cantref Coch
Cantref Coch (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈkantrɛ(v) koːχ] transl. The Red Cantref) was an area associated with the ancient kingdoms of Ergyng, Gwent and the later Kingdom of Glamorgan. Cantref Coch is linked with the modern Forest of Dean and is defined as the land between the River Severn and the River Wye, with the Severn Sea as its southern border although its northern border is less certain. It is one of the few medieval cantrefi named by Welsh writers that is not within the modern nation of Wales.

Iestyn ap Gwrgant
Iestyn ap Gwrgant [ˈjɛstɪn ap ˈgʊrgant] (or Jestyn ap Gwrgant) (English: Iestyn, son of Gwrgant) (1014–1093) was the last ruler of the Welsh kingdom of Morgannwg, which encompassed the counties of Glamorgan and Monmouthshire.
Yu Qiangsheng
Yu Qiangsheng (Chinese: 俞强声; 1940 – 2013) was a former high-ranking Chinese intelligence officer who defected to the United States in 1985. Born into an elite princeling family, Yu ascended the ranks of China's Ministry of State Security (MSS), rising to lead the agency's North American operations. By that time, Yu had become a double agent, passing information to the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) under the codename PLANESMAN. Described by his former FBI handler as "the ultimate risk taker", Yu was exfiltrated from China by way of Hong Kong in 1986 in operation JADE POWDER. The disclosures he made in his debriefing exposed CIA officer Larry Wu-Tai Chin as having been a mole for China for more than 40 years. Following his debriefing, Yu lived out the remainder of his life in the United States as a consultant for the intelligence services of the Five Eyes. He died in 2013.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Nexhati Libohova
Nexhati Libohova (Ismailati) (Libohovë, 1877 – Shkallnur, May 26, 1915) was an Albanian politician, active in the early independence period. A former cadet in the Ottoman Empire, he later joined the government of Essad Pasha Toptani to serve as Minister of Finances. He held the post for less than a year, having been assassinated by Osman Bali over a political dispute with the head of the government, Essad Pasha.

Ministry of Finances and Economy (Albania)
The Ministry of Finances and Economy (Albanian: Ministria e Financave dhe Ekonomisë) is a department of the Albanian Government, responsible for matters relating to economic policy, the central government budget, taxes, banking, security and insurance, international economic work, central, regional and local government.

On 13 September 2017, the ministry was restructured by joining the Department of Economy, which was part of the Ministry of Economic Development, Tourism, Trade and Enterprise.
Ma Qun (athlete)
Ma Qun (born 8 February 1994) is a Chinese athlete specialising in the javelin throw. He won a bronze medal at the 2019 Summer Universiade.

His personal best in the event is 82.46 metres set in Guiyang in 2018.

2019 Summer Universiade
The 2019 Summer Universiade (Italian: 2019 Universiade estiva), officially known as the XXX Summer Universiade (Italian: XXX Universiade estiva) and also known as Naples 2019, or Napoli 2019, was held in Naples, Italy, between 3 and 14 July 2019.

It was initially scheduled for Brasília, Brazil in July 2019. However, on 23 December 2014, it was confirmed that Brasília had withdrawn from hosting the event, citing financial problems. International University Sports Federation decided to reopen the bidding process after the withdrawal.
Marine Scout Sniper Rifle
The Marine Scout Sniper Rifle (MSSR) is a Philippine semi-automatic designated marksman rifle developed by the Philippine Marine Corps for their Marine Scout Snipers. Designed in the mid-1990s to replace severely-outdated battle rifles then used as marksman rifles, the MSSR is essentially an M16A1 that has been heavily modified and accurized to serve as a marksman rifle.

Since its introduction, marksman rifles that are derivatives of the MSSR have been designed for other purposes by the Armed Forces of the Philippines, namely the Night Fighting Weapon System (NFWS), an integrally-suppressed variant for night combat; the Special Purpose Rifle (SPR), a variant for the Philippine Army; and the Squad Designated Marksman Rifle (SDMR), a carbine variant.

Semi-automatic rifle
A semi-automatic rifle is a type of self-loading rifle that fires a single round each time the trigger is pulled while automatically loading the next cartridge. Such rifles were developed before World War II and were widely used throughout that war. Rifles are firearms designed to be fired while held with both hands and braced against the shooter's shoulder for stability. Externally similar shotguns can fire multiple pellets simultaneously through a smoothbore, while rifle barrels are rifled to spin-stabilize individual bullets. The actions of semi-automatic rifles use a portion of the fired cartridge's energy to eject the spent casing and load a new round into the chamber, readying the rifle to be fired again. This design differs from manually operated rifles such as bolt-action and lever-action rifles, which need to chamber a cartridge manually before firing again, and automatic rifles, which continue firing as long as the trigger remains depressed.
Antje Hermenau
Elisabeth Antje Sina Hermenau (previously Rush; born 3 July 1964 in Leipzig) is a German politician. Her political activities began during the period of German reunification, when she was a member of the Leipzig Round Table. From 1990 to 1994, Hermenau was a member of the Landtag of Saxony. Between 1994 and 2004, she was a member of the German Bundestag for the Alliance 90/The Greens. In 2004, after the  Alliance 90/The Greens Saxony regained seats in the landtag, she resigned her Bundestag seat to serve as a member of parliament and parliamentary group leader for the Green Party in the Landtag of Saxony. In September 2014, Hermenau announced her resignation from all political offices. In January 2015, after 25 years, she left the party.

Parliamentary group (Germany)
A parliamentary group (German: Gruppe) in Germany is an association of several members of a parliament, especially in the Bundestag, whose number does not reach the minimum size of a fraktion. The rights of a group are usually limited compared to a parliamentary group, but the group has more rights than an Independent Member of Parliament.

Until March 2025, there were two groups in the German Bundestag, the Die Linke group with 28 members and the BSW group with ten members. Until 2024 there were two groups in the German state parliaments, the FDP group in Thuringia and the BVB/FW group in Brandenburg.

In Italy they are known as Gruppo.
Stocky pebblesnail
The stocky pebblesnail (Somatogyrus crassus) is a species of very small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lithoglyphidae. This species is endemic to Alabama in the United States.  Its natural habitat is the Coosa River. The IUCN classification is also supported by The Nature Conservancy, as it has not been recorded since the river was impounded.

Lithoglyphidae
Lithoglyphidae is a family of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks.

This family is in the superfamily Truncatelloidea and in the clade Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
The People's Joker
The People's Joker is a 2022 American  superhero parody film directed by Vera Drew, and written by Vera Drew and Bri LeRose. The film unofficially parodies characters from the Batman comics, and the main character is a transgender woman based on the Joker, played by Drew. The film also features Scott Aukerman, Tim Heidecker, Maria Bamford, David Liebe Hart, Robert Wuhl (who also starred in 1989's Batman), and Bob Odenkirk in supporting roles. The film premiered on September 13, 2022, at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival, but planned screenings of the film were canceled due to copyright issues.

Superhero comics
Superhero comics is one of the most common genres of American comic books. The genre rose to prominence in the 1930s and became extremely popular in the 1940s and has remained the dominant form of comic book in North America since the 1960s.  Superhero comics feature stories about superheroes and the universes these characters inhabit.

Beginning with the introduction of Superman in 1938 in Action Comics #1 (an anthology of adventure features) comic books devoted to superheroes (heroic people with extraordinary or superhuman abilities and skills, or god-like powers and attributes) ballooned into a widespread genre, coincident with the beginnings of World War II and the end of the Great Depression.
Parents' Day (novel)
Parents' Day is a 1951 novel by Paul Goodman. Written as autobiographical fiction based on the author's experiences teaching at the upstate New York progressive boarding school Manumit during the 1943–1944 year, the book's narrator grapples with his homosexuality and explores a series of sexual attractions and relationships that culminates in his being fired by the school. Goodman wrote the novel as part of a Reichian self-analysis begun in 1946 to better understand his own life. He struggled to find a publisher and ultimately self-published through a friend's small press. Reviewers remarked on unease in Goodman's sexual revelations, lack of self-awareness, and lack of coherence in the text. Parents' Day sold poorly and has been largely forgotten, save for some recognition as an early gay American novel.

Reichian therapy
Reichian therapy can refer to several schools of thought and therapeutic techniques whose common touchstone is their origins in the work of psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957).  Some examples are:

Character Analysis, the analysis of character structures that act in the form of resistances of the ego.

Bioenergetic analysis, which combines psychological analysis, active work with the body and relational therapeutic work.

Body psychotherapy, which addresses the body and the mind as a whole with emphasis on the reciprocal relationships within body and mind.

Neo-Reichian massage, whose practitioners attempt to locate and dissolve body armoring (also called "holding patterns").

Vegetotherapy, a form of psychotherapy that involves the physical manifestations of emotions.
James Bruton
Sir James Bruton (1848 – 26 February 1933) was an English politician. He was elected member of Parliament for Gloucester for the Unionist Party in 1918 and 1922.

James Bruton was born in Newent, Gloucestershire, in 1848, the son of the auctioneer Henry Bruton. He was the elder brother of Henry Bruton junior (1843–1920). He was educated at The Crypt School in Gloucester.

He was knighted in 1916.

Newent
Newent (/ˈnjuːənt/; originally called "Noent") is a market town and civil parish in the municipal district of Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire, England, though not in the "Royal Forest of Dean". The town is 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Gloucester. Its population was 5,073 at the 2001 census, rising to 5,207 in 2011, The population was 6,777 at the 2021 Census. Once a medieval market and fair town, its site had been settled at least since Roman times. The first written record of it appears in the 1086 Domesday Book.
Bachelor in Paradise (American TV series) season 1
The first season of Bachelor in Paradise premiered on August 4, 2014, a week after season ten of The Bachelorette, with the season finale airing on September 8, 2014. Chris Harrison reprised his role from The Bachelor and The Bachelorette as the host of the show.

The Bachelor (American TV series)
The Bachelor is an American dating and relationship reality television series that debuted on March 25, 2002, on ABC. For its first 25 seasons, the show was hosted by Chris Harrison. As the essence of the original  The Bachelor franchise, its success resulted in several spin-offs including The Bachelorette, Bachelor Pad, Bachelor in Paradise, Bachelor in Paradise: After Paradise, The Bachelor Winter Games, The Bachelor Presents: Listen to Your Heart, The Bachelor: The Greatest Seasons – Ever!, The Golden Bachelor, and The Golden Bachelorette, as well as spawning many international editions of the shows.

On May 10, 2024, ABC renewed the series for a twenty-ninth season, which premiered on January 27, 2025. On June 30, 2025, the series was renewed for a thirtieth season.
Men, Women, and Money
Men, Women, and Money is a lost 1919 American drama silent film directed by George Melford and written by Beulah Marie Dix and Cosmo Hamilton. The film stars Ethel Clayton, James Neill, Jane Wolfe, Lew Cody, Sylvia Ashton, Irving Cummings, and Winifred Greenwood. The film was released on June 15, 1919, by Paramount Pictures.

George Melford
George H. Melford (born George Henry Knauff, February 19, 1877 – April 25, 1961) was an American stage and film actor and director. Often taken for granted as a director today, the stalwart Melford's name by the 1920s was, like Cecil B. DeMille's, appearing in big bold letters above the title of his films.
News and Newspapers Summary
"News and Newspaper Digest" (Chinese: 新闻和报纸摘要; pinyin: Xīnwén hé Bàozhǐ Zhāiyào, IPA pronunciation:[ɕín.wə̌n.xɤ̌.pâʊ.ʈʂɻ̩̀.ʈʂáɪ.jǎʊ]) is the China National Radio's daily morning news programme, also the station's oldest, most influential, highest standing broadcasts. Having a greater influence in mainland China. According to the official introduction of the China National Radio, listeners, the program always ranked list of all programs all stations, has a broad, long-term and fixed audiences. It is usually broadcast live over CNR News Radio and CNR Countryside Radio from Beijing Time 6:30-7:00 a.m. every day. It also simulcasts on the flagship services of the local radio stations in China. The programme reruns on CNR Business Radio at 7:00 am every day.

China National Radio
China National Radio (CNR; Chinese: 中央人民广播电台) is the national radio network of China, headquartered in Beijing. CNR forms the national radio service of the state-owned China Media Group (also known as the "Voice of China").
Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back – Evolution
Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back – Evolution is a 2019 Japanese animated fantasy film directed by Kunihiko Yuyama and Motonori Sakakibara. The film is the twenty-second installment in the Pokémon film series and a CGI remake of Pokémon: The First Movie (1998). The film was animated by OLM, Inc., OLM Digital, and Sprite Animation Studios. At the same time, the events of the CGI remake film take place during the first season of Pokémon: Indigo League.

It was released in Japan on July 12, 2019, and on Netflix worldwide on February 27, 2020.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Listed buildings in Capel St Mary
Capel St Mary is a village and civil parish in the Babergh District of Suffolk, England. It contains 23 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these two are grade II* and 21 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Babergh District
52°02′53″N 0°56′53″E﻿ / ﻿52.048°N 0.948°E﻿ / 52.048; 0.948

Babergh District (pronounced /ˈbeɪbə/, BAY-bə) is a local government district in Suffolk, England. In 2021 it had a population of 92,300. The district is primarily a rural area, containing just two towns, Sudbury and Hadleigh. The council was based in Hadleigh until 2017, when it moved to shared offices with neighbouring Mid Suffolk District Council in Ipswich, outside either district. The district is named after the medieval Babergh Hundred, which covered part of the area.

The district includes parts of two designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, Dedham Vale, known for its association with painter John Constable, and Suffolk Coast and Heaths.

The neighbouring districts are East Suffolk, Ipswich, Mid Suffolk, West Suffolk, Braintree, Colchester and Tendring.
David Loeb (composer)
David Loeb (born May 11, 1939) is an American composer of contemporary classical music.  Born in New York City, he has written extensively for early music instruments such as the viol, as well as instruments from China and Japan. He teaches at the Mannes College The New School for Music, and has additionally served as a member of the composition faculty at the Curtis Institute of Music.

His notable students include Jennifer Higdon, Jeremy Beck, and Craig Walsh.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
Nemunas Delta Regional Park
Nemunas Delta Regional Park, established in 1994, is located in Lithuania within the Nemunas Delta where the Nemunas flows into the Baltic Sea. The park covers 29,013 ha.

The park, a Ramsar Convention site, lies on the East Atlantic Flyway, a major bird migration route; over 70,000 migratory birds are ringed there annually. About one-fifth of it is covered by water, including Lake Krokų Lanka and the rivers Rusne, Skirvyte, Atmata, Pakalne, Vorusne, and Aukstumale. It also supports hay and dairy farming, fishing, hunting, peat production, tourism, recreation, and conservation education.

Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.

Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (site designations, resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. In 2022, COP15 was held in Montreal, Canada.
Íñiguez
Íñiguez is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dalia Íñiguez (1901–1995), Cuban actress

Garcia Iñiguez, king of Pamplona

Ismael Íñiguez (born 1981), Mexican football player

Juan Sandoval Íñiguez (born 1933), Catholic cardinal

Ladrón Íñiguez (died 1155), nobleman of the Kingdom of Navarre

Lope Íñiguez (1050–1093), the second Lord of Biscay

Martina Iñíguez, Argentinian writer

Ismael Íñiguez
Ismael Íñiguez González (born 23 July 1981) is a Mexican football coach and a former player who played as an attacking midfielder and winger.

He was part of the Mexico 2004 Olympic football team, who were eliminated in the first round, having finished third in group A, below group winners Mali and South Korea.
Kiyo in Kyoto
Kiyo in Kyoto: From the Maiko House is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Aiko Koyama. It was serialized in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Sunday from December 2016 to January 2025, with its chapters collected in 30 tankōbon volumes. The series takes place in the Geisha district in Kyoto and follows the titular character Kiyo as she cooks up delicacies every day to support her friend Sumire and the other maiko.

An anime television series adaptation by J.C.Staff aired worldwide from February 2021 to January 2022 on NHK World, and it was followed by a Japanese broadcast on NHK E from October 2021 to June 2022. A live-action series titled in English as The Makanai: Cooking for the Maiko House, executive produced, written and directed by Hirokazu Kore-eda for Netflix, premiered in January 2023.

By September 2022, the manga had over 2.7 million copies in circulation. In 2020, Kiyo in Kyoto won the 65th Shogakukan Manga Award for the shōnen category.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
Richard Brown (cricketer)
Richard Lewis Brown (born 14 August 1811) was an English cricketer who was associated with Cambridge University and made his debut in 1830.

He was born at Marylebone in London and educated at Eton College and King's College, Cambridge. His date of death is unknown, but Alumni Cantabrigienses records that he was chaplain to the Marquess of Downshire from 1848 to 1883 and that he disappears from Crockford's Clerical Directory in 1884.

Alumni Cantabrigienses
Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900 is a biographical register of former members of the University of Cambridge which was edited by the mathematician John Venn (1834–1923) and his son John Archibald Venn (1883–1958) and published by Cambridge University Press in ten volumes between 1922 and 1953. Over 130,000 individuals are covered, with more extended biographical detail provided for post-1751 matriculants.
Clifford E. Brubaker
Clifford E. Brubaker (born December 23, 1938) is Dean of the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences at the University of Pittsburgh. Brubaker is also a professor at that institution and an adjunct professor at both Xian Jiaotong University and Carnegie Mellon University.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.