hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iodine in biology
Iodine is an essential trace element in biological systems. It has the distinction of being the heaviest element commonly needed by living organisms as well as the second-heaviest known to be used by any form of life (only tungsten, a component of a few bacterial enzymes, has a higher atomic number and atomic weight). It is a component of biochemical pathways in organisms from all biological kingdoms, suggesting its fundamental significance throughout the evolutionary history of life.

Iodine is critical to the proper functioning of the vertebrate endocrine system, and plays smaller roles in numerous other organs, including those of the digestive and reproductive systems. An adequate intake of iodine-containing compounds is important at all stages of development, especially during the fetal and neonatal periods, and diets deficient in iodine can present serious consequences for growth and metabolism.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Bertya mollissima
Bertya mollissima is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a slender shrub with linear to oblong or strap-like leaves, separate male and female flowers on a short peduncle, and hairy, oval capsules.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Frank L. Houx
Frank Lee Houx (December 12, 1854 – April 3, 1941) was an American politician from the Democratic Party who served as the tenth governor of Wyoming from 1917 to 1919 and as the fifth secretary of state of Wyoming from 1911 to 1919.

Cody, Wyoming
Cody is a city in and the county seat of Park County, Wyoming, United States. It is named after Buffalo Bill Cody for his part in the founding of Cody in 1896.

The population was 10,028 at the 2020 census, making Cody the eleventh-largest city in Wyoming by population. Cody is served by Yellowstone Regional Airport.
La Panadería
La Panadería (in English: The Bakery) was a contemporary art gallery located in Mexico City founded in 1994 by artists Yoshua Okón and Miguel Calderón. It represented a singular role in the artistic creation of Mexico in the late nineties due to hosting and promoting expressions traditionally relegated from institutional circuits. La Panadería became a reference point for the creative community in the city due to its alternative vocation.

Established in an old bakery, it hosted early work from artists such as Carlos Amorales, Gabriel Orozco, and SEMEFO project. In addition to the exhibition space for artistic expression in different disciplines, La Panadería had a residency program for foreign artists. Until 2002 the gallery was located at 159 Ámsterdam Avenue in Colonia Condesa.

Contemporary art gallery
A contemporary art gallery is normally a commercial art gallery operated by an art dealer which specializes in displaying for sale contemporary art, usually new works of art by living artists. This approach has been called the "Castelli Method" after Leo Castelli, whose success was attributed to his active involvement in discovering and promoting emerging artists beginning in the late 1950s with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg.
Rod Aldridge
Sir Rodney Malcolm Aldridge (born 7 November 1947) is the founder and former executive chairman of Capita, a British company specialising in business process outsourcing.

He formerly chaired Vinspired, a charity launched in May 2006 aiming to help young people volunteer in their local communities. Aldridge is a donor and former trustee of the Prince's Trust and is chairman of the Aldridge Foundation, an educational charity which sponsors academy schools in England and promotes entrepreneurial education.

According to The Sunday Times Rich List in 2019, Aldridge is worth £135 million.

Business process outsourcing
Business process outsourcing (BPO) is a subset of outsourcing in which a company contracts the operations and responsibilities of a specific business process to a third-party service provider.

BPO offers organizations significant advantages, including increased flexibility, cost efficiency, and a sharper focus on core competencies. By transforming fixed costs into variable costs, companies can accelerate business processes and leverage specialized expertise from third-party providers. Challenges also arise from unclear contracts, changing requirements, unmet service levels, and over-dependence on providers.
Johann Sigismund Scholze
Johann Sigismund Scholze alias Sperontes (20 March 1705 in Lobendau bei Liegnitz, Silesia, Bohemia (today Lubiatów near Złotoryja) 28 September 1750 in Leipzig) was a Silesian music anthologist and poet.

Złotoryja
Złotoryja (Polish pronunciation: [zwɔtɔˈrɨja] ⓘ; German: Goldberg, German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔltˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; Latin: Aureus Mons, Aurum) is a historic town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in southwestern Poland, the administrative seat of Złotoryja County, and of the smaller Gmina Złotoryja. Złotoryja is the first town in Poland to be granted town privileges, in 1211,. Since the Middle Ages, it was a centre of gold and copper mining. Złotoryja was also featured among the most beautiful towns in Poland due to its location and architectural heritage.
2004 Vuelta a Castilla y León
The 2004 Vuelta a Castilla y León was the 19th edition of the Vuelta a Castilla y León cycle race and was held on 28 April to 2 May 2004. The race started in Belorado and finished in Villafranca del Bierzo. The race was won by Koldo Gil.

Koldo Gil
Koldo Gil Pérez (born 16 January 1978 in Burlata, Navarra) is a former Spanish professional road racing cyclist who last rode for the UCI Continental team Liberty Seguros Continental.  His career highlights include winning a stage of the Giro d'Italia and leading the overall classification at the Tour de Suisse.

At the 2006 Tour de Suisse, Gil took stage 6 and held the leader's yellow jersey until the final stage when he was overtaken by 2004 winner Jan Ullrich in the final stage's individual time trial.  He finished a disappointing second.

After Gil was unable to find a team for the 2009 season, he announced his retirement.
The Interns (film)
The Interns is a 1962 American drama film directed by David Swift and starring Michael Callan, Cliff Robertson, James MacArthur, Nick Adams, Haya Harareet and Suzy Parker. The film was a surprise box office hit and was followed by a 1964 sequel, The New Interns, and a 1970–1971 television medical drama series, The Interns, that was based on the films. The Interns was directed by David Swift.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Alain Hyardet
Alain Hyardet (born 28 November 1964) is a French rugby union coach and former player.

Born in Aix-en-Provence, Hyardet was a centre and played with AS Béziers from 1986 to 1994. It was after moving to Castres Olympique that he earned a France call up, featuring twice in the 1995 Latin Cup competition in Argentina, against Italy and the home side. He got a taste of European rugby in the 1995–96 Heineken Cup, before retiring as a player.

Hyardet has coached USA Perpignan, AS Béziers and Montpellier RC in French rugby, as well as Austin Elite for two seasons of Major League Rugby. His son Julien was a professional rugby player.

Major League Rugby
Major League Rugby (MLR) is a professional rugby union competition in the United States. The league comprises 6 teams. While operating outside of the governance and oversight of the national governing body, the league is officially sanctioned by USA Rugby—a member union of Rugby Americas North (RAN)—and is consequently part of World Rugby.

MLR was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The league began its first season in 2018 with seven teams. MLR has since expanded, reaching an all-time high of thirteen teams in the 2022 season, including one team in Canada. Twelve teams competed in the 2024 season.

In 2020, Major League Rugby implemented its first collegiate MLR Draft in 2020 and its teams began forming youth academies.
Soutar
Soutar is a surname. It has Scottish origins.  Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Soutar (born 1978), Scottish darts player

Charles Soutar (1920–2016), RAF air marshal and doctor

Derek Soutar (born 1981), Scottish footballer

Fabian Soutar (born 1986), New Zealand rugby player

Farren Soutar (1870–1962), English actor and singer

John Soutar (1881–1951), British architect

Mike Soutar (born 1967), Scottish entrepreneur

Robert Soutar (1830–1908), English actor, comedian, stage manager, writer and theatre director

Tom Soutar (1893–1981), Australian athlete and footballer

William Soutar (1898–1943), Scottish poet

Mike Soutar
Mike Soutar is a Scottish entrepreneur. Born in Dundee, he edited issues of Jackie, Smash Hits, FHM, and Maxim before joining IPC Magazines and launching the magazines Nuts, Pick Me Up, TV easy, and Look. A bout of typhoid led him to set up his own businesses including Shortlist Media Limited, through which he has appeared on the British version of The Apprentice since its 2011 series. He has also spent time in charge of Emap Radio and The Evening Standard and has sat on the boards of Scottish Rugby Union, the Independent Press Standards Organisation, the UK government's Board of Trade, and V&A Dundee.
Jordanian Northern Command
The Jordanian Northern Command (Arabic:المنطقة العسكرية الشمالية) is the Jordanian Armed Forces regional command responsible for the defense of the northern front against possible attack by Syria or Israel.

9M133 Kornet
The 9M133 Kornet (Russian: Корнет; "Cornet", NATO reporting name AT-14 Spriggan, export designation Kornet-E) is a Russian man-portable anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) intended for use against main battle tanks. It was first introduced into service with the Russian army in 1998.

The Kornet is among the most capable Russian ATGMs. It was further developed into the 9M133 Kornet-EM, which has increased range, an improved warhead, and equipped with an automatic target tracker.

The Kornet has been widely exported and is produced under license in several countries. It was first used in combat in 2003 and has since been used in many conflicts.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Grayson County, Virginia
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Grayson County, Virginia.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Grayson County, Virginia, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 8 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 2 National Historic Landmarks.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Grayson County, Virginia
Grayson County is a county located in the southwestern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,333. Its county seat is Independence. Mount Rogers, the state's highest peak at 5,729 feet (1,746 m), is in Grayson County.
Zieria inexpectata
Zieria inexpectata is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and endemic to south-eastern Queensland. It is a small, compact shrub with erect, wiry branches, three-part leaves and groups of up to twelve white flowers, the groups longer than the leaves and the flowers with four petals and four stamens. It was unexpectedly discovered by the authors during a field trip and its discovery led to a paper describing the zierias of Queensland, including sixteen new species.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Christopher Wray Lighting works
Christopher Wray Lighting works is a grade II-listed building in the east side of Birmingham city centre, England. The works consist of a complex of buildings fronted by a row of three townhouses, left vacant since 2003.

Parts of the building complex date back to the eighteenth century when they were built as terraced houses in the Georgian period.

Townhouse
A townhouse, townhome, town house, or town home is a type of terraced housing. A modern townhouse is often one with multiple floors on a small footprint. In older British usage, the term originally referred to any type of city residence (normally in London) of someone whose main or largest residence was a country house.
Emil Mayer (American football)
Emil Leroy Mayer (September 7, 1902 – January 12, 1962) was an American football player. He played college football for Bethany (WV) and Catholic University and in the National Football League (NFL) as an end for the Pottsville Maroons in 1927 and the Portsmouth Spartans in 1930. He appeared in 11 NFL games, three as a starter.

Portsmouth Spartans
The Portsmouth Spartans were a professional American football team that played in Portsmouth, Ohio, from their founding in 1928 to their relocation to Detroit in 1934. Originally drawing players from defunct independent professional and semi-professional teams, they joined the fledgling National Football League (NFL) in 1930. Their home stadium was Universal Stadium, known today as Spartan Municipal Stadium.

The team was sold to a new ownership group in 1934 and relocated to Detroit, where they became the Detroit Lions — a team which remains part of the NFL today.
General of the cavalry
General of the Cavalry (German: General der Kavallerie) was a General officer rank in the cavalry in various states of which the modern states of German and Austria are successors or in other armies which used the German model. Artillery officers of equivalent rank were called "General of the Artillery" (General der Artillerie), and infantry officers of equivalent rank "General of the Infantry" (General der Infanterie).

For more details see:

General of the Cavalry (Austria) for the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Army of the Austrian Empire, and Imperial Army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

General of the Cavalry (Finland) for the Finnish Defence Forces of the Republic of Finland.

General of the Cavalry (Germany) for the German Imperial Army, the interwar Reichswehr, and the Wehrmacht

General of the Cavalry (Imperial Russia) for the Russian Imperial Army of the Russian Empire until 1917–18.

Austrian Army during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
The Imperial-Royal or Imperial Austrian Army (German: Kaiserlich-königliche Armee, abbreviated k.k. Armee), during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, was the armed force of the Habsburg monarchy under its last monarch, the Habsburg Emperor Francis II, composed of the Emperor's army. When the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, it assumed its title of the troops of the Austrian Empire under the same monarch, now known as Emperor Francis I of Austria.
Blutwurz
Blutwurz is a German herbal liqueur (Bitter) made from the rhizome of the common tormentil plant (Potentilla erecta), which derives its German name (‌‌“Blutwurz”, bloodwort) from the reddish color of the juice that emerges when the rhizome is cut. The plant provided a traditional anti-inflammatory medicine. In addition to still being used medicinally in the form of tea, syrup, cream, or powder, it is also a key ingredient for a liqueur produced in Bavaria.

Penninger Blutwurz is the most well-known brand. It is 50% alcohol by volume; the rhizome is macerated, steeped in alcohol for some four to five weeks, and the resulting liquid then filtered. Eschewing distillation in favor of maceration extracts the root's essential oils while preserving its flavor and color. The liqueur is consumed as an apéritif or digestif, or used for cocktails.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
USS Barb (SSN-804)
USS Barb (SSN-804) will be a Block 5 Virginia-class submarine nuclear powered attack submarine of the United States Navy. She will be the third United States Navy vessel named for the barb fish. She will also be the first Virginia-class submarine to be named after an aquatic animal and the first US Navy submarine to be named after an aquatic animal in more than 30 years. Secretary of the Navy Kenneth Braithwaite officially announced the name on 13 October 2020, in a ceremony unveiling plans to construct a new National Museum of the United States Navy in Washington, D.C. This particular variation from the naming convention is in reference to the World War II era submarine USS Barb (SS-220), which achieved one of the most outstanding combat records in US Navy history, specifically under the command of Commander Eugene B. Fluckey who was awarded the Medal of Honor while Barb received the Presidential Unit Citation.

Barb (fish)
A barb is one of various ray-finned fish species in a non-phylogenetic group, with members in the family Cyprinidae, and especially the genera Barbus and Puntius, but many others also. They were formerly united with the barbels in the subfamily Barbinae but that group is paraphyletic with the Cyprininae. If the Labeoninae are recognized as distinct, many small African "barbs" would probably, however, warrant recognition as a new subfamily.

The root of the word "barb" is common in cyprinid names of European languages, from the Latin barba ("beard") (COD):

barb from Catalan

barbi from Finnish

barbo from Spanish

barbeau from French

barbo from Italian

barbe from German

and many others. This is in reference to the barbels which are prominently seen around the mouth of many "barbs".
1994 Newsweek Champions Cup – Singles
Pete Sampras defeated Petr Korda in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1994 Indian Wells Masters.

Jim Courier was the defending champion, but lost to Patrick Rafter in the second round.

Jim Courier
James Spencer Courier (born August 17, 1970) is an American former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 58 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 1992. Courier won 23 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including four majors – two at the French Open and two at the Australian Open – and was the youngest man in the Open Era to reach the final of all four singles majors, after reaching the final of the 1993 Wimbledon Championships aged 22 years, 319 days, a record that stood until Carlos Alcaraz achieved the same feat aged 22 years, 266 days at the 2026 Australian Open. He also won five Masters titles and was part of the victorious United States Davis Cup teams in 1992 and 1995.

Since 2005, Courier has worked as a tennis commentator, notably for Nine (and previously Seven), the host broadcaster of the Australian Open. He is also an analyst for Tennis Channel and Prime Video Sport.
Colletotrichum acutatum
Colletotrichum acutatum is a plant pathogen and endophyte. It is the organism that causes the most destructive fungal disease, anthracnose, of lupin species worldwide.
It also causes the disease postbloom fruit drop on many varieties of citrus, especially Valencia and navel oranges in Florida.

Valencia orange
The Valencia orange is a sweet orange cultivar named after the famed oranges in Valencia, Spain. It was first hybridized by pioneer American agronomist and land developer William Wolfskill in the mid-19th century on his farm in Santa Ana, southern California.
Music television
Music television is a type of television programming which focuses predominantly on playing music videos from recording artists, usually on dedicated television channels broadcasting on satellite, cable, or streaming platforms.

Music television channels may host their own shows and charts and award prizes. Examples are Paramount's MTV, Channel UFX (India), 4Music (UK), 40 TV (Spain), Channel V (China), VIVA (Germany, defunct), Scuzz (UK), MuchMusic (Canadian), TeleHit (Mexico), Kerrang! TV (UK), RAC 105 TV (Catalonia), GTV (Indonesia, removed years later) VH1 (removed years later), Fuse TV (removed years later) and Palladia (now as MTV Live).

RAC 105 TV
RAC 105 TV was a Catalan television channel, launched in 2008. It was founded and started to broadcast in 2008. RAC 105 TV was broadcast in Catalan.

On May 31, 2020, it ended its broadcasts to make way for Fibracat TV.