hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph P. LaSalle
Joseph Pierre LaSalle (born 28 May 1916 in State College, Pennsylvania; died 7 July 1983 in Little Compton, Rhode Island) was an American mathematician specialising in dynamical systems and responsible for important contributions to stability theory, such as LaSalle's invariance principle which bears his name.

State College, Pennsylvania
State College is a borough and home rule municipality in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 40,501 at the 2020 census. It is a college town home to Penn State University Park, the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.

State College is the largest borough in Pennsylvania by population. It is the principal borough of the six municipalities that make up the State College area, the largest settlement in Centre County, and one of the principal cities of the greater State College–DuBois combined statistical area which had 238,734 residents in 2020.
1898 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Clarence Hobart and Harold Nisbet defeated George Hillyard and Sydney Smith 2–6, 6–2, 6–2, 6–3 in the All Comers' Final, but the reigning champions Laurence Doherty and Reginald Doherty defeated Hobart and Nisbet 6–4, 6–4, 6–2 in the challenge round to win the gentlemen's doubles tennis title at the 1898 Wimbledon Championships.

Reginald Doherty
Reginald "Reggie" or "R. F." Frank Doherty (14 October 1872 – 29 December 1910) was a British tennis player and the older brother of tennis player Laurence Doherty. He was known in the tennis world as "R.F." rather than "Reggie". He was a four-time Wimbledon singles champion and a triple Olympic Gold medalist in doubles and mixed doubles.
Aleph (novel)
Aleph is a 2011 novel by the Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho. An autobiographical account, it is his fourteenth major book, and touches on the theme of spirituality. Aleph was written in Coelho's native language, Portuguese.

The book tells the story of his own epiphany while on a pilgrimage through Asia in 2006 on the Trans-Siberian Railway. The title of the novel is based on Jorge Luis Borges’s short story "The Aleph", from 1945. (Aleph is the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, with many mystical meanings.) Coelho spent four years gathering information for the book and wrote it in three weeks.

Prefacing her New York Times interview with Coelho about the novel, Julie Bosman described the author as “a Twitter mystic”. Another reviewer, while admitting the difficulty of dealing with profound concepts in a popular work, noted that “throughout the story, Coelho's tendency to describe spiritual concepts in simple terms borders on cliché”.

The Aleph (short story)
"The Aleph" (Spanish: El Aleph) is a short story by Argentine writer and poet Jorge Luis Borges. First published in September 1945, it was reprinted in the short story collection The Aleph and Other Stories in 1949, and revised by the author in 1974.
2020 in Bangladesh
2020 (MMXX) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2020th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 20th  year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the  1st   year of the 2020s decade.

The year 2020 was the 49th year after the independence of Bangladesh. It is also the second year of the fourth term of the government of Sheikh Hasina. This year the entire country celebrated the 100th birthday of its Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The period between 17 March 2020 and 17 March 2021 was announced as the 'Mujib Borsho (মুজিববর্ষ)' or the year of Mujib. However, like rest of the world Bangladesh was also severely impacted by COVID-19 pandemic.

3rd millennium
The third millennium of the Anno Domini or Common Era is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000. It began on January 1, 2001 (MMI) and will end on December 31, 3000 (MMM), (21st to 30th centuries; in astronomy: JD 2451910.5 – 2817151.5).

Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what will likely continue and what could plausibly change in this period and beyond.
Iran International
Iran International (Persian: ایران اینترنشنال, romanized: Irān Internašnāl) is a Persian-language satellite television channel and multilingual digital news operation based in London, United Kingdom. Established in May 2017 and reportedly linked to Saudi Arabia, it is aimed at Iranians and people interested in Iranian news, culture, politics, society and sports.

News content is available online, via radio and via satellite broadcasting worldwide including inside Iran despite official attempts at censorship. The network reports on Iran's geopolitical role, economy, human rights violations, political developments, LGBTQ+ rights and other topics sensitive to the Government of Iran.

Culture of Iran
The culture of Iran (Persian: فرهنگ ایران) or culture of Persia is one of the oldest and among the most influential in the world. Iran (Persia) is widely regarded as one of the cradles of civilization. Because of its dominant geopolitical position in the world, it has heavily influenced peoples and cultures situated in Southern and Eastern Europe to the west; Central Asia to the north; and South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia to the east. Iranian history has significantly influenced the world through art, architecture, poetry, science and technology, medicine, philosophy, and engineering.

An "eclectic cultural elasticity" has been said to be one of the key defining characteristics of the Iranian identity and a clue to its historical longevity.
York Club
The York Club is a private members' club that was incorporated on November 22, 1909. It is located at 135 St. George Street in The Annex neighbourhood of central Toronto, Ontario, close to the University of Toronto's St. George campus. The club's name refers to the town of York in Upper Canada, which became the city of Toronto in 1834.

Private members' club
Private members' clubs are organisations which provide social and other facilities to members who typically pay a membership fee for access and use. Most are owned and controlled by their members even to this day. Some were originally gentlemen's clubs to which members first had to be elected; others are more modern commercial establishments with no class or gender bar, typically offering food, drink, comfortable surroundings, venue hire and business facilities, in return for members paying subscription or membership fees.
Rene Gutdeutsch
Rene Gutdeutsch (born 20 March 1981) is an Austrian former para table tennis player who competed at international elite competitions. He is a Paralympic silver medalist and a European champion in team events alongside Stanislaw Fraczyk. He was born with a shortened right leg.

European Para Table Tennis Championships
European Para Table Tennis Championships are a biennial sport event for para table tennis players who represent a European country. It is one of the first regional para table tennis championships to be held. France have so far earned the most medals in these championships.
Renato De Carmine
Renato De Carmine (25 January 1923 – 18 July 2010) was an Italian stage, film and television actor. After graduating at the Accademia Nazionale di Arte Drammatica Silvio D'Amico, De Carmine worked mainly on stage, notably at the Piccolo Teatro in Milan under the direction of Giorgio Strehler. He also appeared in more than seventy films and television series and TV-movies, including Lucio Fulci's The Return of White Fang (1974). He died of acute anemia.

Piccolo Teatro (Milan)
The Piccolo Teatro di Milano ('Little Theatre of the City of Milan') is a theatre in Milan, Italy. Founded in 1947, it is Italy's first permanent theatre, and a national teatro stabile, or permanent repertory company, and is considered a theatre of major national and European importance. The theatre has three venues: Teatro Grassi, in Via Rovello, between Sforza Castle and the Piazza del Duomo; Teatro Studio, which was originally intended to be the theater's rehearsal hall; and Teatro Strehler, which opened in 1998 with a seating capacity of 974. Its annual programme consists of approximately thirty performances. In addition, the venue hosts cultural events, from festivals and films, to concerts, conferences, and conventions, as well as supporting the Paolo Grassi Drama School.
Voliba pycnosticta
Voliba pycnosticta is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Turner in 1908. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 12 mm. The forewings are whitish, with fuscous, suffused markings. There is a basal patch and a transverse fascia and another in the middle, dilated on the costa. There is a spot on the costa, giving rise to a dentate line to the tornus and some fuscous suffusion on the termen. The hindwings are whitish, with some grey suffusion.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.
2017 Stockton Challenger – Doubles
Kristýna Plíšková and Alison Van Uytvanck were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

Usue Maitane Arconada and Sofia Kenin won the title, defeating Tammi Patterson and Chanel Simmonds in the final, 4–6, 6–1, [10–5].

Alison Van Uytvanck
Alison Van Uytvanck (Dutch pronunciation: [vɑn ˈœytfɑŋk]; born 26 March 1994) is a Belgian former professional tennis player. In August 2018, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 37.

Van Uytvanck won five singles and two doubles WTA Tour titles and three Challenger Tour singles titles, as well as 15 singles and two doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Howard Murray
Howard Murray is an American television director. He is the son of the late Jan Murray, a prolific American comedian, actor, and game show host.

His credits include You Again?, The Charmings, Babes, Harry and the Hendersons, Hang Time, Smart Guy, Unhappily Ever After, Grace Under Fire, The King of Queens and The Big Bang Theory. Of the 12 seasons (280 episodes) of The Big Bang Theory, Murray served as an associate director for 86 episodes and the director of two episodes,  "The Engagement Reaction" and "The Rhinitis Revelation."

Murray worked as an associate director and technical coordinator on some of the aforementioned series, as well episodes of Titus, Greetings from Tucson, It's All Relative, Two and a Half Men and Hot in Cleveland.

Titus (TV series)
Titus is an American dark comedy sitcom that debuted on Fox in 2000. The series was created by its star, Christopher Titus, Jack Kenny, and Brian Hargrove.  The sitcom is based on Titus's stand-up comedy act, more specifically his one-man show Norman Rockwell is Bleeding (which itself would be broadcast on television in 2004), which was based loosely upon his real-life family; lines from Norman Rockwell is Bleeding were spoken by Titus as commentary. Titus plays an outwardly childish adult based on himself, who owns a custom car shop. The show follows him and his dimwitted half-brother Dave, his girlfriend Erin with the "heart of gold", his goody-goody friend Tommy, and his arrogantly lewd, bigoted, heavy smoking and drinking, womanizing, divorced multiple times, father Ken "Papa" Titus.
Norean R. Sharpe
Norean Radke Sharpe is an American author and academic, who has been a professor of statistics and administrator for nearly 35 years. Over the course of her career, she has taught at Bowdoin College, Babson College, Georgetown University, St. John’s University, and Williams College. Most recently, she served as Dean and Joseph H. and Maria C. Schwartz Distinguished Professor at the Tobin College of Business at St. John’s University from 2016 to 2023. Her previous appointment was Senior Associate Dean of the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University in Washington, DC from 2009 – 2016. Sharpe currently serves as Director of the MS in Business Analytics program. Her research focuses on times series analysis, marketing models, risk management in business education, and women entrepreneurs.

Sharpe served as a prior honorary committee member of the American Women for International Understanding (AWIU).

Babson College
Babson College is a private business school in Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States specializing in entrepreneurship education. Founded in 1919 by Roger Babson, the college was established as the Babson Institute in his Wellesley home and initially granted one-year certificates. Babson College earned degree-granting authority from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1947.
Top Boy (A Selection of Music Inspired by the Series)
Top Boy (A Selection of Music Inspired by the Series) is an original soundtrack album for the British television series Top Boy. It was released digitally on 13 September 2019 by OVO Sound and Warner. The soundtrack includes appearances from OVO's Drake, Baka Not Nice, and Popcaan and British artists AJ Tracey, Avelino, Dave, Fredo, Ghetts, Headie One, Little Simz, M Huncho, Nafe Smallz and SL.

OVO Sound
OVO Sound (short for October's Very Own) is a Canadian independent record label, founded in 2009 by rapper Drake, producer 40, and manager Oliver El-Khatib. The label operated as a subsidiary of Warner Music Group until 2022, after which it became an independent label.

The label has signed acts including PartyNextDoor, ILoveMakonnen, Majid Jordan, Roy Woods, Dvsn, Baka Not Nice, Alexander Slang, Popcaan, Smiley, Naomi Sharon, and Pimmie. In-house producers include 40 himself, Boi-1da, Nineteen85, Alexander Slang, Mike Zombie, and T-Minus.
Cape Streten
Cape Streten (66°49′S 49°15′E﻿ / ﻿66.817°S 49.250°E﻿ / -66.817; 49.250) is an ice cape at the northeast tip of Sakellari Peninsula, forming the west side of the entrance to Amundsen Bay. Plotted from air photos taken by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) in November 1956. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for Neil Anthony Streten, meteorologist at Mawson Station in 1960.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Cape Streten". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Amundsen Bay
Amundsen Bay, also known as Ice Bay, is a long embayment 39 kilometres (24 mi) wide, close west of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. The bay was seen as a large pack-filled recession in the coastline by Sir Douglas Mawson on 14 January 1930. Seen by Captain Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen in charge of a Norwegian expedition during an airplane flight on 15 January and subsequently mapped nearer its true position by the Norwegians. The bay was mapped in detail by an Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions party landed by aircraft in 1956 and another landed by launch from Thala Dan in February 1958. It was named by Mawson after Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer who was first to reach the South Pole.
CYP109 family
Cytochrome P450, family 109, also known as CYP109, is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family, many members are associated with fatty acid hydroxylation. The first gene identified in this family is the CYP109A1 and CYP109B1 from Bacillus subtilis. CYP109 is one of the only three P450 families shared in bacteria and archaea, the other two are CYP147 and CYP197. Genes in this family are co-present on archaeal plasmids and chromosomes, implying the plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer of these genes from bacteria to archaea.

Monooxygenase
Monooxygenases are enzymes that incorporate one hydroxyl group (−OH) into substrates in many metabolic pathways. In this reaction, the two atoms of dioxygen are reduced to one hydroxyl group and one H2O molecule by the concomitant oxidation of NAD(P)H. One important subset of the monooxygenases, the cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylases, is used by cells to metabolize arachidonic acid (i.e. eicosatetraenoic acid) to the cell signaling molecules, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid or to reduce or totally inactivate the activate signaling molecules for example by hydroxylating leukotriene B4 to 20-hydroxy-leukotriene B5, 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to 5,20-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid to 5-oxo-20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid to 12,20-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to 20-hydroxy-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.
Zigni
Zigni (Tigrinya: ዝግኒ), kaih tsebhi (Tigrinya: ቀይሕ ጸብሒ) or kai wat (Amharic: ቀይ ወጥ) is a popular Eritrean and Ethiopian stew (tsebhi or wat) made from meat, tomatoes, red onions and Berbere spices. The meat can be beef, lamb, goat, or chicken and usually placed on a plate of injera, a type of unleavened bread made from teff flour. It can be eaten for lunch or dinner. The dish requires a relatively long amount of time but not a lot of active effort to make. The traditional recipe can take as long as five to six hours to prepare. As such, it is sometimes reserved for special occasions. The Berbere spices can make the zigni spicy and give it a red color.

It is considered to be the national dish of Eritrea.

Red onion
Red onions (also known as purple or blue onions in some mainland European countries) are cultivars of the onion (Allium cepa), and have purplish-red skin and white flesh tinged with red. They are most commonly used in cooking, but the skin has also been used as a dye.

Red onions tend to be medium to large in size and have a sweeter flavor than white or yellow onions due to low levels of pyruvic acid and sulfur compounds. They are often consumed raw (and can be added to salads for color and bite), grilled, or lightly cooked with other foods. Red onions are available throughout the year and are high in flavonoids and fiber (compared to white and yellow onions). Cut red onion can be soaked in cool water for a period of time, and the water can be drained off, resulting in less "bite" and pungency.
Stranger by the Lake
Stranger by the Lake (French: L'Inconnu du lac) is a 2013 French erotic thriller drama film written and directed by Alain Guiraudie. The film premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival where Guiraudie won the award for Best Director. The film also won the Queer Palm award, and was mentioned on multiple top-ten lists of the best films of 2014.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Alexander Walker (rugby union)
Alexander William Walker (25 October 1908 – 26 January 1976) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Born in Irvine, Ayrshire, Walker was a Cambridge blue and also played rugby for Birkenhead Park. He gained five Scotland caps from 1931 to 1932, utilised as both a second row and back row forward.

Walker served with the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in World War II, attaining the rank of wing-commander.

A prominent Liverpool businessman, Walker was a member of the executive committee of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce. He held the chairmanship of Lever Brothers Pakistan and Unilever Merseyside Ltd.

Cambridge University R.U.F.C.
The Cambridge University Rugby Union Football Club, sometimes abbreviated "CURUFC", is the rugby union club of the University of Cambridge. The team plays Oxford University RFC in the annual Varsity Match at Twickenham Stadium every December.

Cambridge players wear light blue and white hooped jerseys with a red lion crest. Many have gone on to represent their country and the British and Irish Lions; a few, most notably Dan Vickerman, James Horwill and Flip van der Merwe, have represented Cambridge after successful international careers. While at the University of Cambridge James Bevan became the first captain of the Wales national rugby union team. The CURUFC stadium is located in West Cambridge, beside Grange Road.
Utah teapot
The Utah teapot, or the Newell teapot, is one of the standard reference test models in 3D modeling and an in-joke within the computer graphics community. It is a mathematical model of an ordinary Melitta-brand teapot designed by Lieselotte Kantner that appears solid with a nearly rotationally symmetrical body. Using a teapot model is considered the 3D equivalent of a "Hello, World!" program, a way to create an easy 3D scene with a somewhat complex model acting as the basic geometry for a scene with a light setup. Some programming libraries, such as the OpenGL Utility Toolkit, even have functions dedicated to drawing teapots.

The teapot model was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah. It was one of the first to be modeled using Bézier curves rather than precisely measured.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
Khamis Mosque
The Khamis Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِدُ ٱلْخَمِيسِ, romanized: Masǧid al-ḫamīs) is believed to be the first mosque in Bahrain, built during the era of the Umayyad caliph Umar II in Khamis. According to Al Wasat journalist Kassim Hussain, other sources mention that it was built in a later era during the rule of Uyunids with one minaret. The second minaret was built two centuries later during the rule of Usfurids.

The identical twin minarets of this mosque make it easily noticeable as one drives along the Shaikh Salman Road in Khamis.

Uyunid dynasty
The Uyunid dynasty (Arabic: العيونيون, romanized: al-ʿUyūnīyūn) were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries. Their sect was mentioned by the sources to be Shia Twelver. They were, like the majority of the people of Eastern Arabia, from the Banu Abdul Qays tribe. They seized the country from the Qarmatians with the military assistance of Great Seljuq Empire in the year 1077–1078 CE. It then fell to the Usfurids of Banu Uqayl in 651 AH (1253 CE). The famous poet Ali bin al Mugrab Al Uyuni is a Uyunid.