hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rhubarb tart
Rhubarb tart is a tart filled with rhubarb.

Mrs Beeton's recipe requires half a pound of puff pastry, five large sticks of rhubarb and quarter of a pound of sugar with a little lemon juice and lemon zest to taste.  This is baked for 30 to 45 minutes and serves five people at a cost of ninepence.

Rhubarb was used medicinally as a purgative and this caused it to have unpleasant associations.  To make the dish more acceptable, rhubarb tart was sometimes renamed Spring apples in the 19th century.

Tart
A tart is a baked dish consisting of a filling over a pastry base with an open top not covered with pastry. The pastry is usually shortcrust pastry; the filling may be sweet or savoury, though modern tarts are usually fruit-based, sometimes with custard. Tartlet refers to a miniature tart; an example would be egg tarts. The categories of "tart", "flan", and "pie" overlap, with no sharp distinctions.
Piasek Wielki
Piasek Wielki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpjasɛk ˈfjɛlkʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Korczyn, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Nowy Korczyn, 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 59 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Nowy Korczyn
Nowy Korczyn [ˈnɔvɨ ˈkɔrt͡ʂɨn] is a small town in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowy Korczyn. It lies in Lesser Poland, approximately 20 km (12 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 67 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce. It is located close to the confluence of the Nida and the Vistula rivers.
Mutilation
Mutilation or maiming (from the Latin: mutilus) is severe damage to the body that has a subsequent harmful effect on an individual's quality of life.

In the modern era, the term has an overwhelmingly negative connotation, referring to alterations that render something inferior, dysfunctional, imperfect, or ugly.

Connotation
A connotation is a commonly understood cultural or emotional association that any given word or phrase carries, in addition to its explicit or literal meaning, which is its denotation.

A connotation is frequently described as either positive or negative, with regard to its pleasing or displeasing emotional connection. For example, a stubborn person may be described as being either strong-willed or pig-headed; although these have the same literal meaning (stubborn), strong-willed connotes admiration for the level of someone's will (a positive connotation), while pig-headed connotes frustration in dealing with someone (a negative connotation).
Jasper Linde
Jasper Linde, also known as Kaspars Linde in Latvian, (Latin: Gaspar Lindius, Casparus Linde, died in 1524), was Archbishop of Riga from February 18, 1509 (1509-02-18) to (1524-06-29)June 29, 1524. He went down in history as a prudent and thrifty ruler, who fortified his main castles in Koknese, Rauna, and built a new fortress on an island in Lake Viļaka near the Russian border. He also improved the methods of training rural priests to address major shortcomings in the religious life of the peasantry.

Koknese
Koknese is a town in Aizkraukle Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, on the right bank of the Daugava River. It has a population of nearly 3,000.

According to the provisions of the 2021 Latvian administrative reform, Koknese gained city rights (town status) on 1 July 2021. The town is also the extra-territorial center of the adjacent Koknese Parish.
Patrick Laird
Patrick Michael Laird (born August 17, 1995) is an American professional football running back. He played college football for the California Golden Bears and pro football with the Miami Dolphins and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. After his playing career, he became a pre-game studio analyst for the Cal Bears radio broadcast.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Tolongoina
Tolongoina is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ikongo, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 17,000 in 2001 commune census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 85% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are bananas and ginger, while other important agricultural products are coffee and rice. Services provide employment for 15% of the population.

Fitovinany
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people. The region border is based on the historical region of Matatana or Matitana.

It formerly belonged to the region Vatovavy-Fitovinany that was split on 16 June 2021 to become the regions Vatovavy and Fitovinany.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Vatovavy (North), Haute Matsiatra (West) and Atsimo-Atsinanana (South).
Ödön Mihalovich
Ödön (Edmund) Péter József de Mihalovich (September 13, 1842 in Fericsánci, Slavonia – April 22, 1929 in Budapest) was a Hungarian composer and music educator.

Mihalovich first studied in Pest with Mihály Mosonyi. In 1865, he moved to Leipzig, studying there with Moritz Hauptmann, and, in 1866, he completed his studies in Munich with Peter Cornelius. Mihalovich then moved back to Pest; in 1872, he became president of the city's Wagner Society and, in 1887, he followed Franz Liszt as the head of the Budapest Academy of Music, a position he held until 1919.

He was also, according to a contemporary source  a pupil of Hans von Bülow.

While Mihalovich's works are thoroughly Wagnerian in style, he was supportive of Hungarian nationalism and encouraged composers such as Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály.

A symphony in D minor was published by Breitkopf & Härtel in 1883.

Breitkopf & Härtel
Breitkopf & Härtel (German pronunciation: [ˈbraɪtkɔpf ʔʊnt ˈhɛrtəl]) is a German music publishing house. Founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, it is the world's oldest music publisher.
László Mednyánszky
Baron László Mednyánszky, also known by his Latinized name Ladislaus Josephus Balthasar Eustachius Mednyánszky (Slovak: Ladislav Medňanský; 23 April 1852 – 17 April 1919), was a Slovak–Hungarian painter and philosopher, considered one of the most enigmatic figures in the history of Hungarian art. Despite an aristocratic background, he spent most of his life moving around Europe working as an artist. Mednyánszky spent considerable periods in seclusion but mingled with people across society – in the aristocracy, art world, peasantry and army – many of whom became the subjects of his paintings. His most important works depict scenes of nature and poor, working people, particularly from his home region in the Kingdom of Hungary. He is also known as a painter of scenes from Upper Hungarian/Slovak folklore.

Slovak National Gallery
The Slovak National Gallery (Slovak: Slovenská národná galéria, abbreviated SNG) is a network of galleries in Slovakia. It has its headquarters in Bratislava.

The gallery was established by law on 29 July 1949. In Bratislava, it has its displays situated in Esterházy Palace (Esterházyho palác) and the Water Barracks (Vodné kasárne) which are adjacent to each other. The Esterházy Palace was reconstructed for the purposes of the gallery in the 1950s and a modern extension was added in the 1970s.

The SNG also manages other galleries outside Bratislava: at the Zvolen Castle in Zvolen, at the Strážky mansion in Spišská Belá, in Ružomberok and in Pezinok. The Mourning portrait of K. Horvath-Stansith is considered one of the most significant acquisitions of the Baroque art collections.
Julia King (field hockey)
Julia King (born 8 December 1992) is a New Zealand field hockey player. She has competed for the New Zealand women's national field hockey team (the Black Sticks Women) since 2011. She was a travelling reserve player for the team during the 2012 Summer Olympics. She participated at the 2020 Women's FIH Pro League.

New Zealand women's national field hockey team
The New Zealand women's national field hockey team is also known as the Black Sticks Women. The team's best performances include a gold medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, silver medal at the 2010 Commonwealth Games, a third placing at the 2011 Champions Trophy, and fourth placings at the 1986 World Cup, 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics. As of Jun 2024, the team ranks 11th on the International Hockey Federation (FIH) world rankings.
Diplacus parviflorus
Diplacus parviflorus, also known as the island bush monkeyflower, is a species of flowering plant endemic to California. This monkeyflower is an uncommon plant found only on four of the Channel Islands of California (Anacapa, San Clemente, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa) and in San Diego County. This plant sometimes hybridizes with Diplacus longiflorus. This species is attractive to butterflies including the western buckeye, mylitta crescent, and the variable checkerspot. This species was formerly considered part of the Mimulus aurantiacus species complex.

Santa Rosa Island (California)
Santa Rosa Island (Spanish: Isla de Santa Rosa; Cruzeño Chumash: Wi'ma) is the second largest of the Channel Islands of California at 53,195 acres (215.27 km2 or 83.118 sq mi). Santa Rosa is located about 26 miles (42 km) off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, in Santa Barbara County and is part of Channel Islands National Park.

The Chumash, a Native American people lived on the Channel Islands at the time of European contact.

The remains of the 13,000-year-old Arlington Springs Man, possibly the oldest human remains in the Americas, were discovered on the island in 1959.

Santa Rosa Island is home to the rare Torrey pine, a species of pine tree that exists only in two locations around the world.

Public passenger access to Santa Rosa Island is provided by Island Packers ferry service out of the Ventura Harbor.
Anna Litvinenko
Anna Victoria Litvinenko (born 15 February 2001) is a British former figure skater and 2017 Team GB member. She is a five-time junior medallist at the British national championships and has most notably competed at the 2015 ISU Junior Grand Prix in the United States, the 2016 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovenia, the 2016 ISU CS Warsaw Cup, the 2017 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Latvia, the 2017 ISU CS Finlandia Trophy, the 2018 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Lithuania and the 2018 CS Inge Solar Memorial – Alpen Trophy. In 2017 she was named Youth Sports Personality of the Year (Denninberg Shield) by Sport Godalming.

Litvinenko was coached by Veronika Bogomolova at the Guildford IFSC in Guildford, England.

Tirnavia Ice Cup
The Tirnavia Ice Cup is an international figure skating competition held in Trnava, Slovakia. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating at the senior, junior, and novice levels. The event formerly included ice dance.
Michel Fanget
Michel Fanget (born 3 May 1950 in Clermont-Ferrand) is a French politician and a member of the MoDem.

A member of the old Union for French Democracy (UDF), Fanget, an opposition councillor in Clermont-Ferrand was elected deputy for the Puy-de-Dôme's first constituency in the 'blue wave' of the 1993 election. However, he was defeated by the Socialist Odile Saugues in 1997. Fanget also represented the canton of Clermont-Ferrand-Centre from 1994 until he was defeated in 2001.

He joined the MoDem in 2007 and was the party's candidate in Clermont-Ferrand during the 2008 municipal elections.

In 2010, he was selected to be the MoDem's candidate in Auvergne for the 2010 regional elections.

He was MP for Puy-de-Dôme's 4th constituency from 2017 to 2022, being succeeded by Delphine Lingemann.

2010 French regional elections
Regional elections were held in France on 14 and 21 March 2010. At stake were the presidencies of each of France's 26 régions, which, though they do not have legislative autonomy, manage sizable budgets.

The elections resulted in significant gains for the French Socialist Party (PS) and its allies, who went on to control 21 of the 22 regions of Metropolitan France.
Alan Haynes
Alan Haynes (February 19, 1956), born in Houston, Texas, is an American Texas blues guitarist. Haynes has been playing professionally since the 1970s and has performed with a variety of blues musicians that include Stevie Ray Vaughan, Johnny Winter, Albert Collins, Albert King, The Fabulous Thunderbirds (1980's version with Jimmie Vaughan), Robert Cray, Bonnie Raitt, John Lee Hooker, and Otis Rush among others. He now resides in Austin, Texas, and plays locally in and around Texas' major cities, especially Houston (where he performs the last Saturday of every month at The Big Easy Social & Pleasure Club), occasionally in Dallas and Fort Worth, and also Europe, where he has a following in Scandinavian countries, Germany, Denmark and Israel.

Texas blues
Texas blues is blues music that developed in Texas through hubs like Dallas, Houston, and Austin. As a regional style, its original form was characterized by jazz and swing influences. Later examples are often closer to blues rock and Southern rock.
V1936 Aquilae
V1936 Aquilae is a blue supergiant and candidate Luminous blue variable located in the nebula Westerhout 51, in the constellation Aquila, about 20,000 light years away. The star was originally identified as a massive star in 2000, and was thought to be an O-type supergiant. However, subsequent analyses have shown it to be not O but B-type, as well as being possibly an LBV. The star was shown to be a variable star by Luboš Kohoutek and R. Wehmeyer in 2004.

Westerhout 51
Westerhout 51, or simply W51, is a massive star formation region in the Milky Way galaxy located 17,000 light years from Earth in the constellation of Sagittarius. It is one of the most active regions of star formation in the galaxy, forming many O-type stars. It can be split up into three points of interest: two star formation regions named W51A and W51B, along with a supernova remnant named W51C. The region has copious amounts of molecular gas totaling ~6x10^5 solar masses. Much of the gas has been observed traveling up to 20 kilometers per second.

The region is almost invisible in visible light despite the equivalent of 20 million suns in emissions. This is due to large amounts of interstellar gas blocking the light, making it visible only in radio and infrared light.
Boxing at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Light welterweight
The men's light welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1984 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 63.5 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 29 July to 11 August 1984. 37 boxers from 37 nations competed.

Jerry Page
Jerry Louis Page (born January 15, 1961, in Columbus, Ohio) is an American boxer who won the light welterweight gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics. A year earlier he won a silver medal at the 1983 Pan American Games.
Rob Eiter
Rob Eiter (born September 12, 1967) is an American Olympic wrestler. He competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where he wrestled in the 48 kilogram (105 pound) weight class.  He wrestled for Sunkist Wrestling Club and attended Arizona State University, where he wrestled under Bobby Douglass. He became head wrestling coach of the University of Pennsylvania in 2008. He was the assistant wrestling coach at the University of Maryland.

Bobby Douglass
Robert Gilchrist Douglass (born June 22, 1947) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Chicago Bears. He played college football for the Kansas Jayhawks before being selected by the Bears in the second round of the 1969 NFL/AFL draft. During his career, he also played for the San Diego Chargers, the New Orleans Saints, and the Green Bay Packers. Douglass retired after the 1978 season, after playing 10 seasons in the NFL.
Get Born Again
"Get Born Again" is a song by the American rock band Alice in Chains and, along with "Died", one of the last two songs recorded with vocalist Layne Staley before his death in 2002. The song was released as the lead single from the compilation Nothing Safe: Best of the Box (1999) on June 1, 1999. It peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, and at No. 12 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart. "Get Born Again" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance in 2000. The song was also included on the compilation albums Music Bank (1999) and The Essential Alice in Chains (2006).

The Essential Alice in Chains
The Essential Alice in Chains is a two-disc compilation album by the rock band Alice in Chains, and part of Sony BMG's The Essential series. Originally scheduled to be released on March 30, 2004, it was delayed until September 5, 2006. The album was reissued in 2010 with different artwork. A DVD with the mockumentary The Nona Tapes came as a bonus disc with the compilation.
John McCance
John McCance (1772 – 11 August 1835) was an Irish politician.

Born in Farmhill, McCance was educated at the Belfast Academy and then worked in his uncle's linen business.  He lived at Suffolk House for many years, and rebuilt the property in 1824. From 1821, he was a partner in what became the Northern Bank, chairing its management committee. He became a magistrate in 1801, was High Sheriff of County Down in 1825, and High Sheriff of County Antrim in 1827.

McCance stood in the 1835 UK general election in Belfast for the Whigs. He won the seat, but died later in the year.  He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London.

Belfast (UK Parliament constituency)
Belfast was an Irish borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Comprising the city of Belfast, it elected one Member of Parliament (MP) from 1801 to 1832, and then two MPs from 1832 until the constituency was divided by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 before the 1885 general election.
Paden (surname)
Paden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clifton Paden ("John Emerson"), American silent filmmaker, 1874–1956

Khalil Paden, American football player

Cline Paden, American evangelist and missionary, (1919–2007)

Jurica Pađen, Croatian musician

Frank Paden and Johnny Paden (of The Marvelows)

Khalil Paden
Khalil Alexander Paden (born October 5, 1989) is an American college football coach and former wide receiver. He is the wide receivers coach for Dickinson State University, a position he has held since 2025. He played college football at San Jose State and Northern Arizona. He has also been a member of the Sacramento Mountain Lions, Calgary Stampeders, Orlando Predators, Ottawa Redblacks, and Toronto Argonauts.
SS Ocean Vigour
SS Ocean Vigour was a British Ocean class freighter, which served on various convoys during World War II, and then as a troopship before being used to deport illegal Jewish immigrants who attempted to enter Mandate Palestine to internment camps in Cyprus. She took part in the return of immigrants from the SS Exodus back to Europe, before being sold into commercial service. She was scrapped in 1967.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Solar zenith angle
The solar zenith angle is the zenith angle of the Sun, i.e., the angle between the sun’s rays and the vertical direction. It is the complement to the solar altitude or solar elevation, which is the altitude angle or elevation angle between the Sun’s rays and a horizontal plane. At solar noon, the zenith angle is at a minimum and is equal to the absolute value of latitude minus solar declination angle. This is the basis by which ancient mariners navigated the oceans.

Solar zenith angle is normally used in combination with the solar azimuth angle to determine the position of the Sun as observed from a given location on the surface of the Earth.

Sunrise
Sunrise (or sunup) is the moment when the upper rim of the Sun appears on the horizon in the morning, at the start of the Sun path. The term can also refer to the entire process of the solar disk crossing the horizon.
Poiana Câmpina
Poiana Câmpina is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bobolia, Pietrișu, Poiana Câmpina, and Răgman.

The commune is located in the western part of the county, 36 km (22 mi) northwest of the county seat, Ploiești. It lies on the right bank of the Prahova River; the city of Câmpina is right across the river. The Romanian Railways line connecting Ploiești to Brașov passes through the commune, with train stations at Câmpina and Bobolia.

Muntenia
Muntenia (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈteni.a], also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the rarely used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian). It is situated between the Danube (south and east), the Carpathian Mountains (the Transylvanian Alps branch) and Moldavia (both north), and the Olt River to the west. The latter river is the border between Muntenia and Oltenia (or Lesser Wallachia). Part of the traditional border between Wallachia/Muntenia and Moldavia was formed by the rivers Milcov and Siret.
James Mellen
James Mellen (born January 1, 1996, in Schnecksville, Pennsylvania) is an American sprint track cyclist representing the United States.  Mellen is a current US National Record holder in the 200m Flying Time Trial and an 11-time US National Champion.

Mellen graduated cum laude from The Pennsylvania State University-Schreyer Honors College in 2018 with a degree in Biomedical Engineering.

James C. Alvord
James Church Alvord (April 14, 1808 – September 27, 1839) was a U.S. representative from Massachusetts.

Born in Greenwich, Massachusetts, Alvord completed preparatory studies and was graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1827. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1830, commencing the practice of his profession in Greenfield, Massachusetts. He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1837.
He served in the State senate in 1838.

Alvord was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth Congress and served from March 4, 1839, until his death in Greenfield, Massachusetts, on September 27, 1839, before the Congress assembled. He was interred in Federal Street Cemetery.