hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hendrik Jan Smidt
Hendrik Jan Smidt  (11 October 1831, in Assen – 14 March 1917, in The Hague) was a Dutch liberal politician. He served as Minister of Justice twice, and was Governor-General of Suriname between 30 July 1885 and 18 July 1888.

Liberalism in the Netherlands
Liberalism in the Netherlands started as an anti-monarchical effort spearheaded by the Dutch statesman Thorbecke, who almost single-handedly wrote the 1848 Constitution of the Netherlands that turned the country into a constitutional monarchy.

In contemporary politics, there are both left and right-wing parties that refer to themselves as "liberal", with the former more often espousing social liberalism and the latter more often espousing conservative liberalism. A common characteristic of these parties that they are nominally secular, in contrast to the traditionally dominant and still popular Christian democracy.

This article gives an overview of liberalism in the Netherlands. It is limited to political parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament.
Unconsciousness
Unconsciousness is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an awareness of self and environment or to respond to any human or environmental stimulus. Unconsciousness may occur as the result of traumatic brain injury, brain hypoxia (inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain infarction or cardiac arrest), severe intoxication with drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system (e.g., alcohol and other hypnotic or sedative drugs), severe fatigue, pain, anaesthesia, and other causes.

Loss of consciousness should not be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic unconscious, cognitive processes that take place outside awareness (e.g., implicit cognition), and with altered states of consciousness such as sleep, delirium, hypnosis, and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli, including trance and psychedelic experiences.

Sedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) depressants and interact with brain activity, causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity.

This group is related to hypnotics. The term sedative describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term hypnotic describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness), they are often referred to collectively as sedative–hypnotic drugs.
Spirula
Spirula spirula is a species of deep-water squid-like cephalopod mollusk. It is the only extant member of the genus Spirula, the family Spirulidae, and the order Spirulida. Because of the shape of its internal shell, it is commonly known as the ram's horn squid or the little post horn squid. Because the live animal has a light-emitting organ, it is also sometimes known as the tail-light squid.

Live specimens of this cephalopod are very rarely seen because it is a deep-ocean dweller. The small internal shell of the species is, however, quite a familiar object to many beachcombers. The shell of Spirula is extremely light in weight, very buoyant, and surprisingly durable; it very commonly floats ashore onto tropical beaches (and sometimes even temperate beaches) all over the world. This seashell is known to shell collectors as the ram's horn shell or simply as Spirula.

Beachcombing
Beachcombing is an activity that consists of an individual "combing" (or searching) the beach and the intertidal zone, looking for things of value, interest or utility. A beachcomber is a person who participates in the activity of beachcombing.

Despite these general definitions, beachcombing and beachcomber are words with multiple, but related, meanings that have evolved over time.
Andre Lee (ice hockey)
Andre Lee (born 26 July 2000) is a Swedish professional ice hockey left wing currently playing for the Ontario Reign in the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect to the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Ontario Reign
The Ontario Reign are a professional ice hockey team based in Ontario, California. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's Los Angeles Kings. The team plays its home games at the Toyota Arena.

The franchise is a relocation of the former Manchester Monarchs AHL franchise when several other franchises created a Pacific Division in 2015. The team is owned by the Anschutz Entertainment Group. The Reign replaced the ECHL team of the same name, which played from 2008 until 2015, after which they moved to Manchester, New Hampshire, to play as the Manchester Monarchs.
John Patrick Connolly
John Patrick Connolly (June 28, 1894 – October 30, 1971) was an American politician who served as clerk of the Suffolk Superior Court of Civil Business from 1936 to 1939. He was convicted of bribery in 1941 for receiving kickbacks from court employees. He later returned to elected office as a Boston City Councilor

Suffolk County, Massachusetts
Suffolk County (/ˈsʌfək/ SUF-ək) is located in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 797,936, making it the fourth-most populous county in Massachusetts. The county comprises the cities of Boston, Chelsea, and Revere, and the town of Winthrop. The traditional county seat is Boston, the state capital and the largest city in Massachusetts. The county government was abolished in 1999, resulting in Suffolk County now functioning only as an administrative subdivision of state government and a set of communities grouped together for some statistical purposes. Suffolk County is located at the core of the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.
Cape Romanzof LRRS Airport
Cape Romanzof LRRS Airport (IATA: CZF, ICAO: PACZ, FAA LID: CZF) is a military airstrip located six nautical miles (6.9 miles; 11 km) southeast of Cape Romanzof, in the Kusilvak Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is not open for public use.

Kusilvak Census Area, Alaska
Kusilvak Census Area, formerly known as Wade Hampton Census Area, is a census area located in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,368, up from 7,459 in 2010. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Hooper Bay, on the Bering Sea coast.

The census area's per capita income makes it the fourth-poorest county-equivalent in the United States. In 2014, it had the highest percentage of unemployed people of any county or census area in the United States, at 23.7 percent.

Additionally the area has the largest percentage of indigenous people with 96.9% of the population belonging to an indigenous group.
Dangerous Curves (1929 film)
Dangerous Curves is a 1929 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Lothar Mendes and starring Clara Bow and Richard Arlen. It was released by Paramount Pictures and was the first Hollywood film for Kay Francis. The film entered the public domain on January 1, 2025.

Lothar Mendes
Lothar Mendes (19 May 1894 – 24 February 1974) was a German-born screenwriter and film director. His two best known films are Jew Süss (1934) and The Man Who Could Work Miracles (1936), both productions for British studios.
Nome (mathematics)
In mathematics, specifically the theory of elliptic functions, the nome is a special function that belongs to the non-elementary functions. This function is of great importance in the description of the elliptic functions, especially in the description of the modular identity of the Jacobi theta function, the Hermite elliptic transcendents and the Weber modular functions, that are used for solving equations of higher degrees.

Adolf Kneser
Adolf Kneser (19 March 1862 – 24 January 1930) was a German mathematician.

He was born in Grüssow, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and died in Breslau, Germany.

He is the father of the mathematician Hellmuth Kneser and the grandfather of the mathematician Martin Kneser.

Kneser is known for the first proof of the four-vertex theorem that applied in general to non-convex curves.
Kneser's theorem on differential equations is named after him, and provides criteria to decide whether a differential equation is oscillating. He is also one of the namesakes of the Tait–Kneser theorem on osculating circles.
Dariel Álvarez
Dariel Álvarez Camejo (born November 7, 1988) is a Cuban former professional baseball right fielder. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks.

Saraperos de Saltillo
The Saraperos de Saltillo (English: Saltillo Serapes) are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League. Their home ballpark is the Estadio de Béisbol Francisco I. Madero in Saltillo, Coahuila. They have won three championships (1980, 2009, and 2010). The 1979 Saraperos were recognized as one of the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time.
Izadi
Izadi (Persian: ایزدی, lit. "of God") is an Iranian surname which can also be found in the Iranian diaspora. Notable people with the surname include:

Mehdi Izadi (born 1998), Iranian football player

Mohsen Izadi, Iranian mechanical engineer

Morteza Izadi Zardalou (born 1981), Iranian football player

Mostafa Izadi, Iranian major general

Saeed Izadi (1964–2025), Iranian brigadier general

Saeed Izadi
Mohammad-Saeed Izadi (Persian: محمدسعید ایزدی, 1964 – 21 June 2025), better known as Saeed Izadi, was an Iranian military officer who was the commander of the Palestine Corps' of the IRGC's Quds Force.

From the late 2010s, he headed the "Palestine Corps" of the Quds Force, through which Iran provided funding, weapons, and training to Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, and other Palestinian groups.

Izadi played a pivotal role in building the Axis of Resistance, expanding Iran’s influence through funding, arms‑trafficking, and operational coordination with Hamas, Hezbollah, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, and others. Izadi was sanctioned by both the United States and the United Kingdom for his central role in financing and coordinating militant operations for terrorist groups.

Izadi was killed on 21 June 2025 during the Iran–Israel war.
Teodor Gotszalk
Teodor Paweł Gotszalk (20 June 1966 – 21 November 2025) was a Polish scientist who was head of Department of Nanometrology at Wrocław University of Science and Technology. He was also a corresponding member of Polish Academy of Sciences from 2022. Teodor Gotszalk worked in the area of nanotechnology and nanometrology, particularly scanning probe microscopy (SPM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focused ion beam (FIB) techniques, and using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).

Focused ion beam
Focused ion beam, also known as FIB, is a technique used particularly in the semiconductor industry, materials science and increasingly in the biological field for site-specific analysis, deposition, and ablation of materials. A FIB setup is a scientific instrument that resembles a scanning electron microscope (SEM). However, while the SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to image the sample in the chamber, a FIB setup uses a focused beam of ions instead. FIB can also be incorporated in a system with both electron and ion beam columns, allowing the same feature to be investigated using either of the beams. FIB should not be confused with using a beam of focused ions for direct write lithography (such as in proton beam writing). These are generally quite different systems where the material is modified by other mechanisms.
Southern Ten Conference
The Southern Ten Conference is a former high school athletic conference in Wisconsin, comprising schools in the south central part of the state.  It was in operation from 1941 to 1952 and all member schools were affiliated with the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association
The Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association (WIAA) is the regulatory body for all high school sports in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Its history dates to 1895, making it the earliest continually existing high school athletic organization in the country. It also provides the licensing program for more than 10,000 officials in the state, and oversees junior high or middle school athletics in about 100 of the state's nearly 400 school districts. Among its duties are the administration of state tournament series in its various sports, overseeing eligibility and conference alignment, and promoting sportsmanship.
Helston North (electoral division)
Helston North (Cornish: Hellys North) is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom and returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. The current councillor is Mike Thomas, an Independent.

The current division is distinct from the division of the same name which existed from 2009 to 2013 and that from 2013 to 2021, which was abolished after redistricting at the 2021 local elections.

Cornwall Council
Cornwall Council (Cornish: Konsel Kernow [ˈkɔn.sɛl ˈkɛrnɔʊ]), known between 1889 and 2009 as Cornwall County Council (Cornish: Konteth Konsel Kernow), is the local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Cornwall in South West England. Since 2009 it has been a unitary authority, having taken over district-level functions when the county’s districts were abolished. The non-metropolitan county of Cornwall is slightly smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the Isles of Scilly. The council's headquarters is Lys Kernow (also known as New County Hall) in Truro.

The council has been under no overall control since July 2024. Following the May 2025 election an administration of the Liberal Democrats and independents formed to run the council.
Listed buildings in Withnell
Withnell is a civil parish in the Borough of Chorley, Lancashire, England.  It contains 20 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are listed at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  Apart from the village of Withnell, the parish is mainly rural.  Many of the listed buildings are, or originated as, farmhouses or farm buildings.  The Leeds and Liverpool Canal runs through the parish, and six of the bridges crossing it are listed.  The other listed buildings include cottages, large houses, a war memorial and a set of stocks.

Stocks
Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law describing its use is cited by the orator Lysias: "'He shall have his or her foot confined in the stocks for five days, if the court shall make such addition to the sentence.' The 'stocks' there mentioned, Theomnestus, are what we now call 'confinement in the wood'" (Lys. 10.16).
Andy McBrine
Andrew Robert McBrine (born 30 April 1993) is a Northern Irish cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off spin. McBrine is the son of Alexander McBrine and the nephew of James McBrine, both of whom also played cricket for Ireland.

Cricket Ireland
Cricket Ireland (formerly the Irish Cricket Union) is the national governing body for cricket on the island of Ireland (both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland), and oversees the national men's and women's cricket teams. It also organises the men's Inter-Provincial Series (which includes the Inter-Provincial Championship, Inter-Provincial Cup and Inter-Provincial Trophy), the women's Super Series, and three All-Ireland club competitions: Irish Senior Cup, National Cup and the All-Ireland T20 Cup. It achieved Test status for women in 2000, and for men in 2017 when it was made a Full Member of the ICC in June 2017.
Moheli brush warbler
The Moheli brush warbler (Nesillas mariae) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Acrocephalidae.
It is found only in Comoros.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Old World warbler
The Old World warblers are a large group of birds formerly grouped together in the bird family Sylviidae. They are not closely related to the New World warblers. The family held over 400 species in over 70 genera, and were the source of much taxonomic confusion. Two families were split out initially, the cisticolas into Cisticolidae and the kinglets into Regulidae. In the past 20–30 years they have been the subject of much research and many species are now placed into other families, including the Acrocephalidae, Cettiidae, Phylloscopidae, and Megaluridae. In addition some species have been moved into existing families or have not yet had their placement fully resolved. Only a small number of warblers, in just two genera, are now retained in the family Sylviidae.
Mitchell Hay
Mitchell James Hay (born 20 August 2000) is a New Zealand international cricketer. A member of the Burnside West Christchurch University Cricket Club he attended Christchurch Boys' High School and represented the school in three Gillette Cup National Secondary Schools tournaments. He made his List A debut on 13 December 2020, for Canterbury in the 2020–21 Ford Trophy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 10 December 2021, for Canterbury in the 2021–22 Super Smash. He made his first-class debut on 29 March 2022, for Canterbury in the 2021–22 Plunket Shield season.

Canterbury cricket team
Canterbury is a first-class cricket team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is one of six teams that compete in senior New Zealand Cricket competitions and has been the second most successful domestic team in New Zealand history. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition and The Ford Trophy one day competition as well as in the Men's Super Smash competition as the Canterbury Kings.
Clausura 2018 Liga MX final phase
The Clausura 2018 Liga MX championship stage commonly known as Liguilla (playoffs) was played from 2 May 2018 to 20 May 2018. A total of eight teams competed in the championship stage to decide the champions of the Clausura 2018 Liga MX season. Both finalists qualified to the 2019 CONCACAF Champions League.

Club Tijuana
Club Tijuana Xoloitzcuintles de Caliente, simplified as Club Tijuana, and also known as Xolos de Tijuana, is a Mexican professional football club based in Tijuana, Baja California. It competes in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Caliente. Founded in 2007, it competed in the second level division until 2011, when they won promotion to Liga MX. The club's badge is the founder's (Jorge Hank) hairless Xoloitzcuintle.
Tijuana is one of seven Mexican clubs that have never been relegated.

Domestically, Club Tijuana has won one Liga MX title, obtaining it only a year and a half after their promotion.

On 21 May 2011, the club earned promotion to top division, winning the Campeón de Ascenso 2011 by defeating Irapuato 2–1 on aggregate.
1983 Australian Open
The 1983 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club in Melbourne in Victoria in Australia. It was the 72nd edition of the Australian Open and was held from 29 November through 11 December 1983.

Kooyong Stadium
Kooyong Stadium, at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club, is an Australian tennis venue, located in the Melbourne suburb of Toorak, adjacent to the namesake suburb of Kooyong. The stadium was built in 1927, and has undergone several renovations.

It has a seating capacity of slightly more than 5,000. At its peak the stadium was capable of hosting up to 15,000 patrons.
Robert Turnbull (railway manager)
Sir Robert Turnbull MVO  (21 February 1852 –  22 February 1925) was a British railway manager.  He joined the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) in 1868 and became its General Manager in 1914.  He was made a member of the Royal Victorian Order in the 1911 New Year Honours and knighted in 1913.  He served as a lieutenant colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps.

A Claughton Class locomotive, LNWR No. 1161 (LMS No. 5901) was named after him, this underwent a paper rebuild to LMS Patriot Class No. 5901, from 1934 later 5540, which was in turn rebuilt into a LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class No. 5540, BR No. 45540.

LMS Patriot Class
The Patriot Class was a class of 52 express passenger steam locomotives built for the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The first locomotive of the class was built in 1930 and the last in 1934. The class was based on the chassis of the Royal Scot combined with the boiler from Large Claughtons earning them the nickname Baby Scots.  A total of 18 were rebuilt to create the LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class between 1946 and 1948; thereafter those not subjected to rebuilding were often referred to as the Unrebuilt Patriot Class.  These remaining 34 unrebuilt engines were withdrawn between 1960 and 1962.
Harry Fries and His Musical Saw
Harry Fries and His Musical Saw is an early experimental television program aired in New York City during 1932. As the title suggests, it consisted of Harry Fries playing the musical saw. Time-slots ranged from 15 minutes to 25 minutes, and it aired on W2XAB (now WCBS-TV).

A technical problem with one of the telecasts was reported in the radio section of several newspapers on 22 April 1932. Fries was wearing a red neck-tie against a white shirt. The red tie was photographed as white on the early television equipment, resulting in a phone call from a viewer to ask why the performer wasn't dressed properly.

No footage remains of the series, as it aired live, and methods to record live television did not exist until 1947.

Musical saw
A musical saw, also called a singing saw, is a hand saw used as a musical instrument. Capable of continuous glissando (portamento), the sound creates an ethereal tone, very similar to the theremin. The musical saw is classified as a plaque friction idiophone with direct friction (132.1) under the Hornbostel-Sachs system of musical instrument classification and as a metal sheet played by friction (151) under the revision of the Hornbostel-Sachs classification by the MIMO Consortium.
1968 Campeonato Carioca
The 1968 edition of the Campeonato Carioca kicked off on March 9, 1968 and ended on June 9, 1968. It was organized by FCF (Federação Carioca de Futebol, or Carioca Football Federation). Twelve teams participated. Botafogo won the title for the 14th time. no teams were relegated.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).