hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albrecht Ritschl (economist)
Albrecht Ritschl (born 16 September 1959, Munich) is a German economic historian. He is Professor of Economic History at the London School of Economics. He studied at the University of Munich, and previously taught at the Pompeu Fabra University, the University of Zurich and the Humboldt University of Berlin.

Pompeu Fabra University
Pompeu Fabra University (Catalan: Universitat Pompeu Fabra [uniβəɾsiˈtat pumˈpɛw ˈfaβɾə], UPF) is a public university located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Established in 1990 by the Government of Catalonia, the university is named after Catalan philologist Pompeu Fabra.

The university offers numerous English-taught programs, joint degrees, and partnerships with institutions such as Sciences Po, LSE, and UCLA.
Kangniwal
Kangniwal is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 151 kilometres (94 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
National high school drill team championships
The National High School Drill Team Championships is a Drill Team Competition, held in Daytona Beach, Florida, in the month of May each year at the ocean center. The Drill teams from across the nation converge to compete in both the Master's and the Challenge level competitions. This event is currently the largest centralized drill team event. The company which runs the competition is Sports Network International (SNI), which hosts football and other Junior ROTC events as well. Although it has been held since 1982, it only became an official when the Army Cadet Command became the sponsor in 1988.

Drill team
A drill team can be one of four different entities:

A military drill team is a marching unit that performs routines based on military foot or exhibition drills. Military drill teams perform either armed or unarmed.

A dance drill team creates routines based on precision dance movements rather than military drill. These teams usually do not carry anything, but may use props in field production numbers. They may perform to recorded music, or the live music of an accompanying marching band.

A team that execute routines carrying either one or multiple flags or pom-poms. This team's movements are also based in dance and may also have a heavy influence of gymnastics as well. These teams also may perform to music, either live or recorded.

A team that is mounted (horse, motorcycle, etc.) or advances some type of mobile object (library carts, lawn chairs, or even garbage bins).  May also include teams of dogs and handlers.
Charles Reed Bishop
Charles Reed Bishop (January 25, 1822 – June 7, 1915) was an American businessman, politician, and philanthropist in Hawaii. Born in Glens Falls, New York, he sailed to Hawaii in 1846 at the age of 24, and made his home there, marrying into the royal family of the kingdom. He served several monarchs in appointed positions in the kingdom, before its overthrow in 1893 by Americans from the United States and organization as the Territory of Hawaii.

Bishop was one of the first trustees of and a major donor to the Kamehameha Schools, founded by his late wife's request to provide education to Hawaiian children. He founded Hawaii's first successful bank, now known as First Hawaiian Bank. Based on his business success, he also founded the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, named for his late wife.

Punahou School
Punahou School (known as Oahu College until 1934) is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school in Honolulu, Hawaii. More than 3,700 students attend the school from kindergarten through 12th grade. The school was established by Protestant missionaries in 1841.
Calconcarboxylic acid
Calconcarboxylic acid (IUPAC name 3-hydroxy-4-[(2-hydroxy-4-sulfonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid; commonly called Patton and Reeder's Indicator) is an azo dye that is used as an indicator for complexometric titrations of calcium with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the presence of magnesium. Structurally, it is similar to eriochrome blue black R, which is obtained from calconcarboxylic acid  by decarboxylation and reaction with sodium hydroxide.

Decarboxylation
Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is  the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is called carboxylation, the addition of CO2 to a compound. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases (EC number 4.1.1).
8 Soothing Songs for Rut
8 Soothing Songs for Rut is the second studio album by the Norwegian rock band Motorpsycho, then still tinged in hard rock and grunge metal. It was first released as vinyl-only-mini-album called "Soothe" but later re-released on CD with two additional tracks from the single "3 Songs For Rut". Both titles were merged into "8 Soothing Songs For Rut". The music is very raw and hard, but also shows glimpses of Prog, as in the nearly 10-minute-long "Lighthouse Girl".

Motorpsycho (band)
Motorpsycho is a Norwegian rock band from Trondheim. Their music can generally be defined as progressive or psychedelic rock, but they also mix in elements from alternative, jazz, post-rock, pop, country and many other musical styles. The stable members of the band are Bent Sæther (born 18 February 1969, bass/vocals) and Hans Magnus "Snah" Ryan (born 31 December 1969, guitar/vocals). From 1992 to March 2005, Håkon Gebhardt (born 21 June 1969) was the band's drummer. From December 2007 to May 2016 Kenneth Kapstad was the drummer of the band, being replaced by Tomas Järmyr, who joined in early 2017. Järmyr left the band in January 2023.
Tohru Uchida
Tohru Uchida ( 内田亨 , August 24 , 1897 – October 27, 1981) was a Japanese zoologist who specialised in Cnidaria and who taught zoology and taxonomy  at Hokkaido University, where in 1932 he became  the first full time professor of systematic taxonomy in the Department of Zoology (1932-1961).

He received his Doctor of Science from Tokyo University in 1923, for work on Stauromedusae and Cubomedusae, which was followed with further study in Germany for two years, studying under Frisch in Munich and Goldschmidt in Berlin-Dahlem, in their laboratories.

He worked to establish systematic taxonomy of animals and also studied sex changes in amphibians. His areas of interest were broad, and in addition to his specialty of invertebrates he also published on birds and mammals.

He also wrote essays and other works, and in 1953 won the first Japan Essayist Club Award for "The Woodpecker's Path". In 1961, he became president of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology.

Dahlem (Berlin)
Dahlem (German: [ˈdaːlɛm] ⓘ or [ˈdaːləm]) is a locality of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough in southwestern Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a part of the former borough of Zehlendorf. It is located between the mansion settlements of Grunewald and Lichterfelde West.

Dahlem is one of the most affluent parts of the city and a center for academic research. It is home to the Freie Universität Berlin, with its architecturally significant Philological Library ("The Brain"). Several other research institutions and museums, as well as parts of the Grunewald forest with its renaissance hunting lodge, are located in Dahlem.

The U3 line of the Berlin U-Bahn system connects Dahlem to central Berlin.
Charles Thynne
Charles Thynne (c 1568–1652) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1629.

Thynne was the son of Sir John Thynne, of Longleat, Wiltshire and his second wife Dorothy Wroughton, daughter of Sir William Wroughton, of Broad Hinton. He matriculated at Broadgates Hall, Oxford on 19 April 1583, aged 15. He was of Cheddar, Somerset. In 1614, he was elected Member of Parliament for Lymington in the Addled Parliament. He was elected Member of Parliament for Westbury in 1628 and sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years.

Westbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Westbury was a parliamentary constituency in Wiltshire from 1449 to 2010. It was represented in the House of Commons of England until 1707, and then in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 2010.

Until 1885, it was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1832 and only one from 1832 to 1885. The parliamentary borough was abolished in 1885, when the name was transferred to a county constituency returning one MP.  Elections used the bloc vote system when two MPs were returned, and the first-past-the-post system of election when one seat was contested.

Westbury returned a Conservative Member at every election after 1924.
Ditchley Foundation
The Ditchley Foundation is a foundation that holds conferences, with a primary focus on British-American relations. Based at Ditchley Park near Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, it was established as a privately funded charity in 1958 by philanthropist Sir David Wills. Its current Director is James Arroyo.

Chipping Norton
Chipping Norton is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswolds in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Banbury and 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded the civil parish population as 5,719. It was estimated at 6,254 in 2019.
Clayton Walnum
Clayton Walnum is a programmer who has written multiple books about programming in C#, DirectX and C++.

Clayton Walnum started programming computers in 1982, when he traded an IBM Selectric typewriter to buy an Atari 400 computer with 16K of RAM. He was hired as a Technical Editor for Atari 8-bit magazine ANALOG Computing in 1985, eventually becoming 
Executive Editor before leaving in 1989, the year the publication folded. He authored a number of type-in games for ANALOG, including Dragonlord (1985) and Moonlord (1986), mostly written in Atari BASIC.

Walnum has since acquired a degree in computer science, and written over 30 books (translated into many languages). He is also the author of hundreds of magazine articles and software reviews, as well as a large number of programs.

Atari BASIC
Atari BASIC is an interpreter for the BASIC programming language that shipped with Atari 8-bit computers. Unlike most American BASICs of the home computer era, Atari BASIC is not a derivative of Microsoft BASIC and differs in significant ways. It includes keywords for Atari-specific features and lacks support for string arrays.

The language was distributed as an 8 KB ROM cartridge for use with the 1979 Atari 400 and 800 computers. Starting with the 600XL and 800XL in 1983, BASIC is built into the system. There are three versions of the software: the original cartridge-based "A", the built-in "B" for the 600XL/800XL, and the final "C" version in late-model XLs and the XE series. They only differ in terms of stability, with revision "C" fixing the bugs of the previous two.

Despite the Atari 8-bit computers running at a higher speed than most of its contemporaries, several technical decisions placed Atari BASIC near the bottom in performance benchmarks.
Jelly fungus
Jelly fungi are a paraphyletic group of several heterobasidiomycete fungal orders from different classes of the subphylum Agaricomycotina: Tremellales, Dacrymycetales, Auriculariales and Sebacinales.  These fungi are so named because their foliose, irregularly branched fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly.  Actually, many are somewhat rubbery and gelatinous. When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to water, they return to their original form.

Many species of jelly fungi can be eaten raw; poisonous jelly fungi are rare [needs source] and may not even exist. However, many species have an unpalatable texture or taste. They may or may not be sought in mushroom hunting due to their taste, which is described as similar to that of soil. However, some species, Tremella fuciformis for example, are not only edible but prized for use in soup and vegetable dishes.

Tremellales
The Tremellales are an order of fungi in the class Tremellomycetes. The order contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphic species in the Tremellales are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous.

The order currently comprises 11 families, containing around 250 valid species. Significant genera include Tremella, one species of which is edible and commercially cultivated, and the yeast genus Cryptococcus, several species of which are human pathogens.
Iceland Lake Pluton
The Iceland Lake Pluton, formerly known as the Ingall Lake Batholith, is a large granitic intrusion in Briggs and Strathcona townships of Temagami, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is one of the three separate granitoid intrusions that constitute the Temagami Greenstone Belt, consisting of rocks ranging from diorite to quartz monzonite. The age of the intrusion is estimated to be about 2,736 million years old, as well as an adjacent rhyolitic lava flow using the uranium–lead dating technique. This suggests that the Iceland Lake Pluton might be the remnants of a magma chamber of a volcano that erupted felsic magma. The pluton is overlain by sediments of the younger Huronian Supergroup.

Chlorite trondhjemite of the Iceland Lake Pluton is exposed along the Lake Temagami Access Road and Iceland Lake.

Temagami
Temagami, formerly spelled Timagami, is a municipality in northeastern Ontario, Canada, in the Nipissing District with Lake Temagami at its heart.

The Temagami region is known as n'Daki Menan, the homeland of the area's First Nations community, most of whom are Anishinaabe (Ojibwe), living on Bear Island. The official name for this group is the Temagami First Nation. However, a larger group that includes these people, plus non-status residents and some non-residents is called the Teme-Augama Anishnabai.

In addition to the main population centre called Temagami, the municipality also includes the communities of Lake Temagami, Marten River, and Temagami North.
Society for Animation Studies
The Society for Animation Studies (SAS) is an international learned society dedicated to the study of animation history and theory. It was founded by Harvey Deneroff in 1987. As of 2022 its president is Chris Pallant.

The Society's main aims are the organization of a yearly conference for members to present their research, publication of peer-reviewed conference proceedings in the Society's online journal, Animation Studies, and the general exchange of knowledge amongst its members.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Sōchin
Sōchin (壯鎭) (Japanese: "Tranquil Force", or "Preserve the Peace") is a kata practiced in several styles of karate. It may have derived from Dragon style kung fu, and was taught in the Naha-te school in Okinawa by Seisho Arakaki. It was then passed down to Shitō-ryū. Later, a variation of it was introduced into the Shotokan style by Gichin Funakoshi's son, Yoshitaka. Some branches of Tang Soo Do have added it to their curriculum under the name "Sojin".

The rhythm of the kata is dynamic, characterized by slow, deliberate movements interspersed with explosive bursts of speed. In the Shotokan version of the kata, the dominant stance is sōchin-dachi aka fudo-dachi (rooted stance). In the Shitō-ryū version, it employs several stances including nekoashi-dachi (cat stance) and zenkutsu dachi (front stance).  Rhythm is important in its execution. This kata has been said to develop chi/ki energy.

Sōchin is practiced in Shuri Style Karate, not from Naha Style.

Tang Soo Do
Tang Soo Do (Korean: 당수도; Hanja: 唐手道; pronounced [taŋ.su.do]) is a Korean martial art based on karate which can include fighting principles from taekkyeon, subak, as well as northern Chinese martial arts. From its beginnings in 1944 to today, Tang Soo Do is used by some Kwans to identify the traditional Korean fusion of fighting styles. In the mid 1950s, it became the basis for the martial art taekwondo when the Korean Nine Kwans united.

In contemporary context, many Korean martial arts entities continued to use Tang Soo Do to preserve the elements of Korean martial arts that evolved from the original nine kwans' karate roots and were lost in transition to taekwondo. The techniques of what is commonly known as Tang Soo Do combine elements of Shōtōkan, Subak, Taekkyon, and fung gu.
Giovanny Báez
Giovanny Manuel Báez Álvarez (born April 9, 1981 in Nobsa) is a Colombian professional road racing cyclist, who is currently suspended from the sport after a positive drugs test for a continuous erythropoietin receptor activator.

Nobsa
Nobsa is a town and municipality in Sugamuxi Province, part of Boyacá department. The urban centre is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at 125 kilometres (78 mi) from the national capital Bogotá at an elevation of 2,510 metres (8,230 ft). Other parts of the municipality range in elevation between 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) and 3,300 metres (10,800 ft). The Chicamocha River flows through Nobsa. The municipality borders Santa Rosa de Viterbo and Floresta in the north, Corrales and Tópaga in the east, Tibasosa and Santa Rosa de Viterbo in the west and Tibasosa and Santa Rosa de Viterbo in the south.
Mysore Medical College and Research Institute
Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (previously called Mysore Medical College, abbreviated MMC), also known as Government Medical College, Mysuru is one of the oldest medical colleges in India. It is located in the heart of the city of Mysuru adjacent to the Mysuru city railway station. Founded in 1924 by Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV, it is the first medical college to be established in the Karnataka region and the seventh in India. The college is affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru.

Mysore Junction railway station
Mysore Junction railway station, re-christened as Mysuru Junction railway station (station code: MYS) is a railway station on Mysore–Bangalore railway line serving the city of Mysore, Karnataka, India. Previously Mysore was connected to Bangalore by a single-line metre-gauge track.  It was later converted into non-electrified broad-gauge line.  It has now been converted to a double-line, electrified route.
ACT-462206
ACT-462206 is a dual orexin receptor antagonist (IC50 for OX1 = 60nM, OX2 = 11nM) which has been investigated for the treatment of insomnia. In human trials, ACT-462206 produced dose-dependent sedative effects and was generally well tolerated, with residual sleepiness and headache being the most common adverse events.

Hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2
Orexin receptor type 2 (Ox2R or OX2), also known as  hypocretin receptor type 2 (HcrtR2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCRTR2 gene. It should not be confused for the protein CD200R1 which shares the alias OX2R but is a distinct, unrelated gene located on the human chromosome 3.
WRC-TV
WRC-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Washington, D.C. It is owned and operated by the NBC television network via its NBC Owned Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Class A Telemundo outlet WZDC-CD (channel 44), the two stations share studio and transmitter facilities on Nebraska Avenue in the Tenleytown neighborhood of Northwest Washington.

Through a channel sharing agreement, both stations transmit using WRC-TV's spectrum from a tower adjacent to their studios.

Frequency sharing
In telecommunications, frequency sharing or channel sharing is the assignment to or use of the same radio frequency by two or more stations that are separated geographically or that use the frequency at different times. It reduces the potential for mutual interference where the assignment of different frequencies to each user is not practical or possible.
Henderson's Boys
Henderson's Boys is a young adult series of spy novels by the English author Robert Muchamore. The series follows Charles Henderson, the creator of the fictitious CHERUB organisation. The novels are set between 1940 and 1945, during the Nazi occupation of France in the Second World War. Throughout the novels, Henderson leads a series of war missions, aided by children.

Henderson's Boys is a spin-off and a prequel of the CHERUB series, which centres on the peacetime version of the organisation during the 2000s and 2010s. Henderson's Boys reveals various features of the CHERUB organisation's origins.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
2021 Volta a Portugal
The 2021 Volta a Portugal (known as the 2021 Volta a Portugal em Bicicleta Santander for sponsorship reasons) was the 82nd edition of the Volta a Portugal road cycling stage race (not counting 2020 Volta a Portugal Edição Especial), which was held from 4 to 15 August 2021. It was a 2.1 event on the 2021 UCI Europe Tour calendar.

Daniel Freitas (cyclist)
Daniel Alexandre Loureiro Silva Freitas (born 10 May 1991) is a Portuguese cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Rádio Popular–Paredes–Boavista.

On 2 May 2023, he received a three-year ban by UCI for doping.