hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Farley–Buneman instability
The Farley–Buneman instability, or FB instability, is a microscopic plasma instability named after Donald T. Farley and Oscar Buneman. It is similar to the ionospheric Rayleigh-Taylor instability.

It occurs in collisional plasma with neutral component, and is driven by drift currents. It can be thought of as a modified two-stream instability arising from the difference in drifts of electrons and ions exceeding the ion acoustic speed. It occurs in collisional plasma with neutrals driven by drift current for two stream instability for unmagnetized plasma it becomes "Buneman instability".

It is present in the equatorial and polar ionospheric E-regions. In particular, it occurs in the equatorial electrojet due to the drift of electrons relative to ions, and also in the trails behind ablating meteoroids.

Since the FB fluctuations can scatter electromagnetic waves, the instability can be used to diagnose the state of ionosphere by the use of electromagnetic pulses.

Donald T. Farley
Donald Thorn Farley Jr. (October 26, 1933 – May 13, 2018) was an American physicist and Professor of Engineering at Cornell University who pioneered the use of radar remote sensing of the earth's ionosphere. He developed the theory and technique of incoherent scatter observation of the thermal fluctuations of plasma. About 80 percent of all ionospheric radio scientists in the United States who practice incoherent scatter were trained by Farley, or by his students. Farley was the J. Preston Levis Professor of Engineering at Cornell University. His principal collaborators included John Dougherty, Tor Hagfors, Bela Fejer, Ronald Woodman, Michael Kelley, and Wesley Swartz.
Zé Renato
Zé Renato (born José Renato Botelho Moschkovich in Vitória, Espírito Santo, April 1, 1956) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, and guitarist.

He has released many albums and his songs have been recorded by Milton Nascimento, Jon Anderson, Leila Pinheiro, Lulu Santos, Nana Caymmi, MPB-4, and Boca Livre. He represented Brazil in the OTI Festival 1994 with the song "Mulher".

Brazil in the OTI Festival
The participation of Brazil in the OTI Festival began at the first OTI Festival in 1972. The Brazilian participating broadcasters were Rede Tupi, Rede Globo, Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão (SBT), and Rede Record, which were members of the Organização da Televisão Ibero-americana (OTI). They participated in the event intermittently for seventeen editions until 1995. They won the festival three times: in 1972, 1978, and 1983; and Rede Tupi hosted the event once, in 1973.
Federal Highway (Malaysia)
Federal Highway (Malay: Lebuhraya Persekutuan; Jawi: لبوهراي ڤرسكوتوان‎; Chinese: 联邦大道, abbreviation: FH2) is a Malaysian controlled-access highway connecting the capital city of Kuala Lumpur, and Klang, the former capital of the state of Selangor. The highway starts from Seputeh in Kuala Lumpur to Klang, Selangor. It is the busiest highway in Klang Valley during rush hour from/to Kuala Lumpur. The Federal Highway is coded as Federal Route 2.

Rush hour
A rush hour (American English, British English) or peak hour (Australian English, Indian English) is a part of the day during which traffic congestion on roads and crowding on public transport is at its highest. Normally, this happens twice every weekday: once in the morning and once in the afternoon or evening, the times during which most people commute. The term is often used for a period of peak congestion that may last for more than one hour.

The term is very broad, but often refers specifically to private automobile transportation traffic, even when there is a large volume of cars on a road but not many people, or if the volume is normal but there is some disruption of speed. By analogy to vehicular traffic, the term Internet rush hour has been used to describe periods of peak data network usage, resulting in delays and slower delivery of data packets.
Scinax danae
Scinax danae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Venezuela and occurs in the La Escalera region of the Sierra de Lema, Bolívar state. The specific name danae honors Dana Trueb Duellman, the daughter William E. Duellman, the scientist who described this species. Despite this, common name Bolivar snouted treefrog has been coined for this species.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Dimosthenis Michalentzakis
Dimosthenis 'Dimos' Michalentzakis is a Greek Paralympic swimmer who competes in S9 and S8 classification events. He won Paralympic gold in the 100m butterfly S9 at 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro  and Paralympic bronze in the 100m freestyle S8 at 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo. He was born in Alexandroupoli in 19/10/1998 and he has origin from Feres. He holds the world record in 200 meters freestyle in his category with a performance of 2:07:16. The Municipal Swimming Pool of Alexandroupoli has his name.

Feres, Evros
Feres (Greek: Φέρες) is a town and a former municipality in the Evros regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Alexandroupolis, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 411.160 km2. Population 6,500 (2021). Feres is linked with the EO2 road, the A2 motorway towards Thessaloniki and Igoumenitsa, and the EO51 road towards Alexandroupolis and Ormenio. The Evros river forms the border with Turkey to the east.
Zawady, Skierniewice County
Zawady [zaˈvadɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kowiesy, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Kowiesy, 23 km (14 mi) east of Skierniewice, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 120.

Skierniewice
Skierniewice (Polish pronunciation: [skʲɛrɲɛˈvʲit͡sɛ]) is a city in central Poland with 45,184 inhabitants (2023), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Skierniewice County. Through the town runs the small river Łupia, also called Skierniewka.

Located in the historic region of Masovia, Skierniewice dates back to the medieval period. It prospered as a local trade center with annual fairs and engaged in domestic and international trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries it hosted the residence of the Primates of Poland, and was home of leading Polish Enlightenment poet Ignacy Krasicki. Skierniewice is known as the "Polish Capital of Horticultural Sciences" with local tradition of horticultural studies dating back to 1922. It hosts the annual Skierniewice Festival of Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables.

It is a railway junction, located on the main railway line almost exactly halfway between the two largest cities of central Poland, Łódź and Warsaw.
Verhofstadt I Government
The Verhofstadt I Government was the federal government of Belgium from 12 July 1999 to 12 July 2003. It was the first government headed by Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt (VLD). It consisted of the Flemish Liberals and Democrats (VLD), the French-speaking Liberal Reformist Party (PRL), the Flemish Socialist Party (SP), the French-speaking Socialist Party (PS), the Flemish green party Agalev and the French-speaking green party Ecolo. Because it comprised liberals, socialists and greens it was also known as a "purple-green" coalition.

It was the first liberal-led coalition in Belgium since 1938, as well as the first since 1958 that did not include a Christian Democratic party. It was also the first coalition in Belgian history to have included green parties.

Vooruit (political party)
Vooruit (Dutch: [voːrˈœyt] ⓘ, lit. 'Forward') is a Flemish social democratic political party in Belgium. It was formerly known as the (Flemish) Socialist Party (1978–2001: Socialistische Partij, SP; 2001–2021: Socialistische Partij Anders [soːɕaːˈlɪstisə pɑrˈtɛi ˈɑndərs] ⓘ, lit. 'Socialist Party Differently', SP.A) until 21 March 2021, when its current name was adopted.

The party was founded following the linguistic split of the unitary Belgian Socialist Party in 1978, which also produced the Francophone Socialist Party. The Belgian Socialist Party itself consisted of former members of the Belgian Labour Party. From December 2011 to September 2014, the party was part of the Di Rupo Government, along with its Francophone counterpart. In 2020, it re-entered federal government as part of the De Croo Government. The party has been a part of the Flemish Government several times.
The Hunter's Cross
The Hunter's Cross (German: Das Kreuz am Jägersteig) is a 1954 West German drama film directed by Hermann Kugelstadt and starring Jester Naefe, Armin Dahlen and Wera Frydtberg. It was part of the heimatfilm tradition, which was at its peak as this time.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Seefelder. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Mittenwald.

Heimatfilm
Heimatfilme (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪmaːtˌfɪlmə], German for "homeland-films"; German singular: Heimatfilm) were films of a genre popular in West Germany, Switzerland, and Austria from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. Heimat can be translated as "home" (in the geographic sense), "hometown" or "homeland".
Wilga (Krakow)
Wilga is a river in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of Poland. The right tributary of the Vistula River, it feeds off in Kraków on Volyn Boulevard.

In the upper reaches of the river there are minnows, chubs and a few brook trouts.

The sources are at 370 metres (1,210 ft) elevation in Raciborsko village, Wieliczka County in the Wieliczka Foothills. The river drains the Wieliczka Foothills and its mains, mainly built of Flysch works. The river is heavily meandering, regulated in Kraków, up to 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) from the estuary protected by levees. Severely polluted, especially on the estuarian section Wilga is classified in the lower grades of water quality.

Right at the mouth of the river is the Retmański Bridge.

Phoxinus phoxinus
Phoxinus phoxinus (known colloquially as the Eurasian minnow, minnow, Channel minnow, or common minnow) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, minnows and related fishes. It is the type species of genus Phoxinus. This taxon was formerly considered to be the only species in the genus Phoxinus found in Europe and to have a wide geographic range in Eurasia, however, it is now regarded as part of a species complex with new species being described across its former range and this species being restricted to Western Europe. It occurs predominantly in cool (12–20 °C (54–68 °F)) streams and well-oxygenated lakes and ponds. It is noted for being a gregarious species, shoaling in large numbers.
Last Wishes
Last Wishes (Spanish: Últimas voluntades) is a 2023 Spanish thriller drama film directed by Joaquín Carmona Hidalgo which stars Óscar Casas, Fernando Tejero, Nerea Camacho, Adriana Ozores, and Carlos Santos.

Fernando Tejero
Fernando Tejero Muñoz-Torrero (born 24 February 1965) is a Spanish actor. Among his work, he has acted in multiple films, including Football Days (2003), for which he won the Goya Award for Best New Actor, The Longest Penalty Shot in the World (2005), Chef's Special (2008), Five Square Meters (2011), and Prison 77 (2022). His portrayal of porter Emilio Delgado in comedy television series Aquí no hay quien viva earned him a great deal of popularity in Spain.
Gardens of Stone
Gardens of Stone is a 1987 American drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola, based on a 1983 novel of the same name by Nicholas Proffitt. It stars James Caan, Anjelica Huston, James Earl Jones, D. B. Sweeney, Dean Stockwell and Mary Stuart Masterson.

Casey Siemaszko
Kazimierz Andrew "Casey" Siemaszko (see-MASH-ko; born March 17, 1961) is an American actor. He had supporting roles in Back to the Future, Stand By Me, and Young Guns. He also had a leading role for the film Three O'Clock High.
Anastasia Sinitsyna
Anastasia Sinitsyna (born Russian: Анастасия Синицына; September 3, 1983) is a Russian female handballer, who plays for Kastamonu Bld. GSK and the Russian national team.

Sinitsyna played in her country for Rostselmash Rostov (2001–2002) and  Rostov-Don (2002–2007) before she moved in 2007  to Ukraine to join HC Galychanka, where she was two seasons. In 2008, she returned home and played for HC Kuban Krasnodar (2008–2010). In 2011, Sinitsyna transferred to the Ankara-based team Maliye Milli Piyango SK to play in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League. After one season, she joined Maltepe Bld. GSK in Istanbul. From 2015 on, she is with Kastamonu Bld. GSK.

Turkish Women's Handball Super League
The Turkish Women's Handball Super League (Turkish: Türkiye Kadınlar Hentbol Süper Ligi) is the top professional league for Turkish women's handball clubs. It is administered by the Turkey Handball Federation, and the winners are recognized as Turkish champions. Established in the 1978–79 season as the Turkish Women's First League, it was renamed later to Super League. The current title holder is Muratpaşa Bld. SK (2011–12).
2014 Challenger ATP Cachantún Cup
The 2014 Challenger ATP Cachantún Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Santiago, Chile between 14 and 20 April.

Pedro Cachin
Pedro Cachin (pronounced [ˈpeðɾo kaˈtʃin]; born 12 April 1995), also known as Pedro Cachín, is an Argentine former professional tennis player. Cachin had a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 48, achieved on 7 August 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 219, achieved on 9 May 2022. He won one ATP Tour singles title, at the 2023 Swiss Open Gstaad.

As a junior, he reached a career-high ranking of No. 8 on 9 December 2013.
Alfred Boulton
Alfred Boulton (1879 – 29 January 1916) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Blackpool as a right back. He also played for Accrington Stanley and Kirkham and also served as secretary at the latter club.

Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891)
Accrington Stanley was an English football club based in Accrington, Lancashire. Established in 1891, the club played in the Football League between 1921 and 1962, when the club became the second to resign from the League mid-season. The club went into liquidation in 1966. They played at Peel Park.
The Reels (album)
The Reels is the self-titled debut album by Australian band The Reels, released in 1979. It was produced by Mark Opitz who also produced albums for Cold Chisel and The Angels. 2 editions of the album were released, the Australian one having two more tracks and a re-arranged track listing. The single "Love Will Find a Way" was the group's first well known song, charting in the top 40 in Australia.

In June 2008, Missing Link Records owner and country musician, Keith Glass, told The Sydney Morning Herald that his favourite Australian album of the previous 50 years was The Reels: "[they] changed my life. From the first night I saw them on Countdown and went to the gig straight afterwards, they enchanted me. So clever, so cutting and quite XTC now I look back on it. The jerky new wave sounds and the image took me in from day one".

Mark Opitz
Mark Opitz AM (born 1952) is an Australian record producer and audio engineer. He started his career with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation in 1971. He has produced AC/DC, the Angels, Australian Crawl, Cold Chisel, Divinyls and INXS. He has won the ARIA Award for Producer of the Year in 1987 and 1988. He had previously won Best Australian Producer at the Countdown Awards for his work in 1980, 1982, 1985 and 1986. On 8 June 2020 he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for "significant service to the performing arts, particularly to music production." In August of that year he was listed as one of The 7 Most Influential Music Producers of All Time by Mixdown Magazine's David Tomisch and Will Brewster.
Ciszyca, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Ciszyca [t͡ɕiˈʂɨt͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koprzywnica, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Koprzywnica, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and 80 km (50 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Koprzywnica
Koprzywnica [kɔpʂɨvˈɲit͡sa] ⓘ is a town in Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,546 inhabitants (2004). Koprzywnica lies on the Koprzywianka river, in Lesser Poland. It is one of the oldest urban centers of the province, located along the Tarnobrzeg Route of historic Lesser Polish Way of St. James, and on the National Road Nr. 79, which goes from Kraków to Sandomierz.
Returning Home (2015 film)
Returning Home (Norwegian: Å vende tilbake) is a 2015 Norwegian drama film directed by Henrik Martin Dahlsbakken. It was one of three films shortlisted by Norway to be their submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards, but it lost out to The Wave.

The film received several reviews with "die throws" of 4 in Dagsavisen, Bergensavisen, and 3 in VG, Aftenposten, and Dagbladet.

Å vende tilbake was previously the Norwegian title of Pedro Almodóvar's film Volver.

Verdens Gang
Verdens Gang (lit. 'The course of the world'), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, declining from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. Nevertheless, VG is the most-read online newspaper in Norway, with about 2 million daily readers.

Verdens Gang AS is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.
2018–19 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team represented Winthrop University during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Eagles, led by seventh-year head coach Pat Kelsey, played their home games at the Winthrop Coliseum in Rock Hill, South Carolina as members of the Big South Conference. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big South tournament to Charleston Southern.

2019 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2019 Big South men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament that ended the 2018–19 season of the Big South Conference. It was held from March 5 through March 10, 2019 at various campus sites. Gardner–Webb defeated Radford 76–65 in the championship game to win the tournament, and received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. It was the first title for Gardner–Webb after 11 years in the Big South, and their first trip to the NCAA Tournament in school history.
Cygnet Estuary Conservation Park
Cygnet Estuary Conservation Park is a protected area located on the west coast of Nepean Bay on Kangaroo Island in South Australia about 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) west southwest of Kingscote.  It was proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 in 2014 on the basis that some existing crown land 'should be protected and preserved for the purpose of conserving any wildlife and the natural features of the land'.  The Cygnet Estuary which is considered to be a significant wetland is located within the boundaries of the conservation park.

Kingscote, South Australia
Kingscote is a town in the Australian state of South Australia located on Kangaroo Island about 119 kilometres (74 mi) south-west of the state capital of Adelaide. It is South Australia's oldest European settlement and the island's largest town. It is a well-established tourist centre and the administrative and communications centre. It is home to a colony of the smallest penguins in the world, the Australian little penguin.

The town is served by Kingscote Airport with passenger flights on two airlines.
Słupsk Bank
The Słupsk Bank, formerly known as the Stolpe Bank (after the former German name Stolp of the now Polish city of Słupsk) is a bank in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Poland at about 54°58′N 16°36′E﻿ / ﻿54.967°N 16.600°E﻿ / 54.967; 16.600.

According to the 1917 Baltic Pilot, the bank is "situated 16 miles northward of Stolpmünde, is about 24 miles long east and west and 10 miles broad. It has on the greater part of it general depths of 5.5 to 10 fathoms [10 to 18 m], sand; the shoalest part is the northwestern, where there are several patches with from 4.25 to 5 fathoms [8 to 9 m] water, and at the western end, where there is a depth of 5.5  fathoms [10 m]. On the southeastern edge of the bank the water deepens suddenly to 16 and 18 fathoms [29 and 33 m] and on the other edges gradually."

It lies within the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone and is best known for its gravel deposits, yielding nearly 3,000,000 m3 (3,900,000 cu yd) of gravel during 1985–2003.

Ustka
Ustka (Polish pronunciation: [ˈustka], Kashubian: Ùskô, German: Stolpmünde) is a spa town in the Middle Pomerania region of northern Poland with 17,100 inhabitants (2001). It is part of Słupsk County in Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is located on the Slovincian Coast on the Baltic Sea. It is a port town and popular summer seaside resort of Poland.
Diarmuid Lyng
Diarmuid Lyng (born 1981 in Wexford, Ireland) is an Irish sportsman. He plays hurling and Gaelic football with his local club St Martin's and was a member of the Wexford senior county hurling team between 2004 and 2013.

Wexford county hurling team
The Wexford county hurling team represents Wexford in hurling and is governed by Wexford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Wexford's home ground is Wexford Park, Wexford. The team's manager is Keith Rossiter.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 2019, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1996 and the National League in 1973.

The team is nicknamed the Model Men, the Slaneysiders, the Yellowbellies or the Purple and Gold.
KK thesis
The KK thesis or KK principle (also known as epistemic transparency or positive introspection) is a principle of epistemic logic which states that "If you know that P is the case then you know that you know that P is the case." This means that one cannot know that P is, if one does not know whether one's knowledge of P is correct. Its application in science can be expressed in the way that it must not only justify its knowledge claims but it must also justify its method of justifying. The principle is also described as knowledge-reflexivity contention.

Internalism and externalism
Internalism and externalism are two opposite ways of integrating and explaining various subjects in several areas of philosophy. These include human motivation, knowledge, justification, meaning, and truth. The distinction arises in many areas of debate with similar but distinct meanings. Internal–external distinction is a distinction used in philosophy to divide an ontology into two parts: an internal part concerning observation related to philosophy, and an external part concerning question related to philosophy.

Internalism is the thesis that no fact about the world can provide reasons for action independently of desires and beliefs. Externalism is the thesis that reasons are to be identified with objective features of the world.