hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urethral stricture
A urethral stricture is a narrowing of the urethra, the tube connected to the bladder that allows urination. The narrowing reduces the flow of urine and makes it more difficult or even painful to empty the bladder.

Urethral stricture is caused by injury, instrumentation, infection, and certain non-infectious forms of urethritis. The condition is more common in men due to their longer urethra.

Urination
Urination is the release of urine from the bladder through the urethra in placental mammals,: 38, 364  or through the cloaca in other vertebrates. It is the urinary system's form of excretion. It is also known medically as micturition, voiding, uresis, or, rarely, emiction, and known colloquially by various names including peeing, weeing, pissing, and euphemistically number one. The process of urination is under voluntary control in healthy humans and other animals, but may occur as a reflex in infants, some elderly individuals, and those with neurological injury. It is normal for adult humans to urinate up to seven times during the day.

In some animals, in addition to expelling waste material, urination can mark territory or express submissiveness. Physiologically, urination involves coordination between the central, autonomic, and somatic nervous systems. Brain centres that regulate urination include the pontine micturition center, periaqueductal gray, and the cerebral cortex.
Johannes Viljoen
Johannes Hendrikus "Snaar" Viljoen (11 January 1904 – 3 September 1976) was a South African athlete. He competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in the long jump, triple jump, 100 meters, 110 meter hurdles and decathlon, but failed to reach the finals.

At the 1930 Empire Games he won the gold medal in the high jump and the bronze medal in the long jump, finishing fourth in the 120 yards hurdles. He also participated in the 220 yards, in the 440 yards hurdles, and in the hammer throw contests. Four years later at the 1934 British Empire Games he reached the 120 yards hurdles final, but did not finish the race.

Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The men's triple jump event at the 1928 Olympic Games took place on August 2. Twenty-four athletes from 13 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation was 4. The event was won by Mikio Oda of Japan, the nation's first medal in the men's triple jump. Levi Casey put the United States on the podium for the first time since 1924, with his silver. Vilho Tuulos of Finland took bronze, the first man to win a third medal in the event (gold in 1920, bronze in 1924).
Susan Mikula
Susan Mikula (born 1958) is an American artist and photographer. After years working in the art industry and serving on an art jury, Mikula had her first solo photography exhibition in 1998. She uses older technology to produce her photographs, including pinhole cameras and Polaroid cameras. Mikula is the longtime partner of political commentator Rachel Maddow.

Pinhole camera
A pinhole camera is a simple camera without a lens but with a tiny aperture (the so-called pinhole)—effectively a light-proof box with a small hole in one side. Light from a scene passes through the aperture and projects an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, which is known as the camera obscura  effect. The size of the images depends on the distance between the object and the pinhole and the distance between pinhole and screen.

A Worldwide Pinhole Photography Day is observed on the last Sunday of April, every year.
Foselutoclax
Foselutoclax is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated for the treatment of age-related eye diseases, particularly diabetic macular edema (DME) and wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Developed by Unity Biotechnology, this senolytic compound acts as a potent inhibitor of Bcl-xL, a protein that senescent cells rely on for survival. Foselutoclax is designed to selectively eliminate senescent cells in the retina, potentially addressing the underlying causes of vision loss in these conditions.

Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease) is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes. It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries and one of the leading causes of sight loss in the world, even though there are many new therapies and improved treatments for helping people living with diabetes.

Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80 percent of those who have had both type 1 and type 2 diabetes for 20 years or more. In at least 90% of new cases, progression to more aggressive forms of sight-threatening retinopathy and maculopathy could be reduced with proper treatment and monitoring of the eyes. The longer a person has diabetes, the higher their chances of developing diabetic retinopathy. Each year in the United States, diabetic retinopathy accounts for 12% of all new cases of blindness. It is also the leading cause of blindness in people aged 20 to 64.
Circuito Toninho da Matta
Circuito Toninho da Matta is a 3.095 km (1.923 mi) street circuit located around the Mineirão stadium and Lake Pampulha in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The circuit was opened in August 2024 by hosting the seventh round of 2024 Stock Car Pro Series, and the race was named as BH Stock Festival.

Before the circuit opening, it was announced that the circuit is named after Toninho da Matta, who is a local racer and also the father of Cristiano da Matta.

2024 Stock Car Pro Series
The 2024 Stock Car Pro Series was the 46th season of the Stock Car Pro Series, the premier touring car racing series in Brazil, and the third season under the Stock Car Pro Series moniker. Gabriel Casagrande was the defending champion. The championship started in Autódromo Internacional Ayrton Senna, Goiânia and concluded at Interlagos Circuit, São Paulo.
Fenite
Fenite is a metasomatic alteration associated particularly with carbonatite intrusions and created, very rarely, by advanced carbon dioxide alteration (carbonation) of felsic and mafic rocks. It is characterised by the presence of alkali feldspar, sodic pyroxene and sodic amphibole. Fenite alteration is known, but restricted in distribution, around high-temperature metamorphic talc carbonates, generally in the form of an aureole around ultramafic rocks. Such examples include biotite-rich zones, amphibolite-calcite-scapolite alteration and other unusual skarn assemblages. The process is called fenitization.

The type locality for fenite is the Fen Complex (Norwegian: Fensfeltet) in Nome, Telemark, Norway.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.
Sun Link
Sun Link, also known as the Tucson Streetcar, is a single-line streetcar system in Tucson, Arizona, United States, that began service in July 2014.  The system's 3.9-mile (6.3 km) route connects the Arizona Health Sciences Center (including University Medical Center), the University of Arizona campus, the Main Gate and 4th Avenue shopping and entertainment districts, downtown Tucson, the Tucson Convention Center, and the Mercado District under development west of Interstate 10.  The streetcar project's overall cost of $196 million was met through a combination of local funding sources and federal grants.  The streetcar shares a common payment system with the Sun Tran regional bus service. In 2025, the line had a ridership of 1,535,900, or about 4,500 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

Interstate 10 in Arizona
In the U.S. state of Arizona, Interstate 10 (I‑10), the major east–west Interstate Highway in the United States Sun Belt, runs east from California, enters Arizona near the town of Ehrenberg and continues through Phoenix and Tucson and exits at the border with New Mexico near San Simon. The highway also runs through the cities of Casa Grande, Eloy, and Marana. Segments of the highway are referred to as either the Papago Freeway, Inner Loop, or Maricopa Freeway within the Phoenix area and the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway outside metro Phoenix.
Philip Jalalpoor
Philip Pujan Jalalpoor (born 14 June 1993) is a retired German-Iranian professional basketball player. He also played for Iran men's national basketball team at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Before turning professional, Jalalpoor concluded his college basketball career at the University of British Columbia (UBC).

Iran men's national basketball team
The Iran men’s national basketball team (Persian: تیم ملی بسکتبال مردان ایران) represents Iran in international basketball, and are governed by the Islamic Republic of Iran Basketball Federation (IRIBF).

Iran is one of Asia’s most successful federations. Since the turn of the century, they’ve won three FIBA Asia Cup tournaments, while also claiming a silver and two bronze medals at the competition. Iran has also qualified for every edition of the FIBA World Cup since 2010, and have participated in two Olympic Games (2008, 2020).
Lycus (river of Lydia)
Lycus or Lykos (Greek: Λύκος) was an ancient river of Lydia that flowed in a southwesterly direction by the town of Thyatira. Whether it emptied itself directly into the Hermus, or only after joining with the Hyllus, is uncertain. (Plin. v. 31; comp. Wheler, vol. i. p. 253; P. Lucas, Troisieme Voyage, vol. i. p. 139, who, however, confounds the Lycus with the Hermus.)

Thyatira
Thyateira (also Thyatira; Ancient Greek: Θυάτειρα) was the name of an ancient Greek city in Asia Minor, now the modern Turkish city of Akhisar ("white castle"), Manisa Province. The name is probably Lydian.  It lies in the far west of Turkey, southwest of Istanbul and east-northeast of Athens.  It is about 50 miles (80 km) from the Aegean Sea.
1994 Selwyn by-election
The Selwyn by-election, a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Selwyn – a predominantly rural district in the Canterbury Plains in New Zealand's South Island – took place on 13 August 1994. The previous sitting MP, Ruth Richardson, precipitated the poll by resigning from parliament. Richardson planned to retire from politics, having been removed as Minister of Finance the previous year.

Christchurch City Council
The Christchurch City Council (CCC) is the local government authority for Christchurch  in New Zealand. It is a territorial authority elected to represent the 419,200 people of Christchurch. The Mayor of Christchurch is Phil Mauger, who was elected in 2022 and 2025l. The council currently consists of 16  elected Councillors in sixteen wards, and is presided over by the mayor, who is elected at large. The number of elected members and ward boundaries changed prior to the 2016 election.
Don't Fear the Reaper (novel)
Don't Fear the Reaper is a 2023 horror novel by American writer Stephen Graham Jones. It is the second novel in The Indian Lake Trilogy, following the 2021 novel My Heart Is a Chainsaw. The book received generally favorable reviews, and was nominated for several awards, including the Locus Award for Best Horror Novel, Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel, and a Shirley Jackson Award.

Locus Award for Best Horror Novel
The Locus Award for Best Horror Novel is a literary award given annually by Locus Magazine as part of their Locus Awards. It has also been known as both the Locus Award for Best Horror/Dark Fantasy Novel and Locus Award for Best Dark Fantasy/Horror Novel.
Yoshie Nakada
Yoshie Nakada (仲田好江) (15 January 1902 – 11 April 1995) was a Japanese painter.

Nakada was born in Osaka, Japan on January 15, 1902. She graduated from high school in 1920. In 1927 she moved to Tokyo and studied under Sōtarō Yasui. She married art critic and sculptor Sadanosuke Nakada in the same year.

Her work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics. Her works are held by the National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo and the Nirasaki Omura Art Museum.

Nakada died of a heart attack on April 11, 1995 in Mitaka, Japan.

National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo
The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo (東京国立近代美術館, Tōkyō Kokuritsu Kindai Bijutsukan), also known as MOMAT, is the foremost museum collecting and exhibiting modern Japanese art. The museum, in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, is known for its collection of 20th-century art and includes Western-style and Nihonga artists. It has a branch, the National Crafts Museum, in the city of Kanazawa.
Willie Mount
Willie Landry Mount (born August 25, 1949) is an American politician from Louisiana who served as a Democratic member of the Louisiana State Senate from 2000 to 2012. She represented District 27, which includes parts of her native Lake Charles and the surrounding cities of Sulphur and Westlake. From 1993 to 1999, Mount was the first woman to serve as the mayor of Lake Charles.

Mount was a candidate in the 2004 U.S. House of Representatives election for Louisiana's 7th congressional district. She was defeated by Republican Charles Boustany in a contested general election campaign that received national attention.

Westlake, Louisiana
Westlake is an industrial city in Calcasieu Parish, in western Louisiana, United States, and is part of the Lake Charles metropolitan statistical area. The population was 4,781 in 2020. Westlake was incorporated in 1945. There are many chemical plants and oil refineries situated around the Westlake area.
Nigel Chapman (cricketer)
Nigel Chapman (born  (1945-05-31) 31 May 1945) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Oxfordshire. He was born in Bishop's Stortford.

Having represented Essex in the Second XI Championship between 1963 and 1969, and having played Minor Counties Championship matches for Oxfordshire between 1971 and 1974, Chapman made a single List A appearance for the side, during the 1975 Gillette Cup, against Cornwall. From the upper-middle order, he scored 9 runs.

Cornwall County Cricket Club
Cornwall County Cricket Club  is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cornwall. The team has played in the Minor Counties Championship since 1904 and became champions in 2012. They also play in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cornwall played List A matches occasionally from 1970 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club play home matches at various venues including Roskear in Camborne, Trescobeas in Falmouth, Boscawen Park in Truro and  Wheal Eliza ground in St Austell.
Gonna Take You Downtown
Gonna Take You Downtown is an album by the American musician Beau Jocque, released in 1996. He is credited with his band, the Zydeco Hi-Rollers. Issued as a vinyl dance track, "Make It Stank (Special Aromatic Dance Mix)" was a regional radio hit. Jocque supported the album with a North American tour.

The Scottish writer James Kelman used lyrics from the title track in his 2016 book, Dirt Road.

Beau Jocque
Beau Jocque (born Andrus Espre; November 1, 1953 – September 10, 1999) was a Louisiana French Creole zydeco musician and songwriter active in the 1990s.

Beau Jocque is known for his gruff vocals, his fusion of many musical styles into zydeco, and above all, for the powerful energy of his rhythm and sound.  Backed by the Hi-Rollers, he became one of the top dance-hall acts of his musical decade. He wrote, recorded and performed many songs in both Louisiana French and Louisiana Creole languages, as well as in English, primarily on the Rounder Records label.
Durango, Texas
Durango is an unincorporated community in western Falls County, Texas, United States. It lies along Farm to Market Road 935.

It is possible Hollywood screenwriter Louis Stevens had this community in mind when he wrote up the working title of Last Gun in Durango, which would become the 1957 Hollywood movie Gun Duel in Durango. In that film's script, the lead role character, played by George Montgomery, carried the name of "Will Sabre" but to change the nature of his life from outlaw to just a regular law abiding citizen, he adopts the alias of "Dan Tomlinson".

George Montgomery (actor)
George Montgomery (born George Montgomery Letz; August 27, 1916 – December 12, 2000) was an American actor, best known for his work in Western films and television.  He was also a painter, director, producer, writer, sculptor, furniture craftsman, and stuntman. He was engaged to Hedy Lamarr in 1941, and married Dinah Shore in 1943.
2009 Virginia Attorney General election
The 2009 Virginia attorney general election took place in Virginia on November 3, 2009. Incumbent Attorney General Bob McDonnell was eligible for re-election, but instead opted to successfully run for Governor of Virginia. McDonnell resigned from his position in 2009 to run for governor, being succeeded by his deputy, Bill Mims.

The Republican party nominated State Senator Ken Cuccinelli, who easily defeated the Democratic candidate, Delegate Steve Shannon. Concurrently, Republicans won the other two statewide offices and made gains in the House of Delegates. Cuccinelli would later make an unsuccessful run for governor in 2013.

This would be the last election until 2021 that a Republican would win the office of Attorney General in Virginia.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.
1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election
The 1950 Glasgow Scotstoun by-election of 25 October 1950 was held after the death of Conservative MP Sir Arthur Young.

The seat was very marginal, having been won at the 1950 United Kingdom general election by 239 votes Labour again fielded W. Bargh, a Glasgow school teacher, who had narrowly failed to win the seat at the general election earlier in the year. The Conservative candidate was James Hutchison, who had been the MP for Glasgow Central from 1945 until the general election.

Glasgow Scotstoun
Glasgow Scotstoun was a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1950 until 1974. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system.
Kasaraneni Vari Palem
Kasaraneni Vari Palem is a village in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located near Vijayawada, on the banks of the Krishna River. The village is part of Kankipadu mandal, and is located within the Penamaluru (Assembly constituency) and the Machilipatnam (Lok Sabha constituency).

Penamaluru Assembly constituency
Penamaluru Assembly constituency is a constituency in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Machilipatnam Lok Sabha constituency.

Bode Prasad is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Bode Prasad. As of 2019, there are  a total of 267,751 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008).
Elizabeth Lazebnik
Elizabeth Lazebnik is a Latvian Canadian filmmaker from Toronto, Ontario, whose full-length feature debut Be Still was released in 2021. The film, which premiered at the 2021 Vancouver International Film Festival, was a Vancouver Film Critics Circle nominee for Best British Columbia Film, and Lazebnik was a nominee for the One to Watch award, at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2021. The film also won three Leo awards and received the Best Canadian Feature Film award at the 20th Female Eye Film Festival. Be Still is scheduled for release in 2023 by Game Theory Films.

Before Be Still, Lazebnik directed several short films. Three of these premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival.Abeer, was the winner of the Lindalee Tracey Award in 2008.

2021 Vancouver International Film Festival
The 2021 Vancouver International Film Festival, the 40th event in the history of the Vancouver International Film Festival, was held from October 1 to October 11, 2021. Unlike the 2020 Vancouver International Film Festival, which was staged entirely online due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2021 festival featured in-person screenings at the VIFF Centre and other venues, although most titles were also available on the online VIFF Connects platform.

The festival opened with the film The Electrical Life of Louis Wain, and closed with the film Petite Maman. 190 films from 51 countries where screened in the festival constituting 113 features, 77 shorts, 80 narrative features and 33 documentary features.

In addition, the festival screened some titles outside Vancouver, including in Terrace and Powell River. Some, but not all, titles on the online platform were available for viewing across Canada rather than being geoblocked to British Columbia.
Puissance spirituelle du verbe
The Puissance Spirituelle du Verbe (English: Spiritual Power of the Verb) in acronym PSV, is a so-called spiritual organization for Africa and the awakening of the black man in general, created on February 23, 1980, by Bavua Ntinu and present in 4 African countries.

It is an initiatory order which advocates the spiritual purification of all that exists by cleaning the bodies at the same time spiritual, astral and physical, by the use of sound and divine light, through techniques and codes that allow get in touch with any entity existing but, according to its initiator, the absence of spiritual masters and true prophets in the black race has been lacking for years, which explains the delay experienced by blacks and especially their ignorance of the greatness of the universe, according to him.

Ritual purification
Ritual purification is a ritual prescribed by a religion through which a person is considered to be freed of uncleanliness, especially prior to the worship of a deity, and ritual purity is a state of ritual cleanliness. Ritual purification may also apply to objects and places. Ritual uncleanliness is not identical with ordinary physical impurity, such as dirt stains; nevertheless, body fluids are generally considered ritually unclean.

Most of these rituals existed long before the germ theory of disease, and figure prominently from the earliest known religious systems of the Ancient Near East. Some writers connect the rituals to taboos.

Some have described a 'dimension of purity' that is universal in religions that seeks to move humans away from disgust (at one extreme), to uplift them towards purity and divinity (at the other extreme), away from uncleanliness to purity, and away from deviant to moral behavior (within one's cultural context).