hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kuban steppe
The Kuban steppe is one of the major steppes in Europe, located in southwestern Russia between the city of Rostov on Don and the Caucasus Mountains.  The Kuban steppe is the historic home of the Cossacks.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Ogert Muka
Ogert Muka (born 10 September 1979) is a retired Albanian footballer. During his club career, Muka played for KS Lushnja, KF Teuta Durrës, FK Dinamo Tirana, KF Bylis Ballsh, Flamurtari Vlorë, FK Partizani Tirana and Besa Kavajë. He made 2 appearances for the Albania national team.

KF Teuta
Klubi i Futbollit Teuta, commonly referred to as Teuta, is an Albanian professional football club based in Durrës. The club competes in the Kategoria Superiore, the top tier of Albanian football. Their home ground is the Niko Dovana Stadium.

The club was founded on 29 January 1920 as Klubi Sportiv Urani (Uranium Sport Club), and they were a founding member of the Albanian National Championship in 1930, as well as runners-up in the 1931 National Championship. They have won the Kategoria Superiore twice in 1994 and in 2021, and they have also won the Albanian Cup four times, as well as finishing runners-up in three Albanian Supercups.
Taffel (surname)
Taffel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Taffel (died 1997), American school principal

Bess Taffel (1913–2000), American screenwriter

Frank Taffel (1877–1947), American journalist

Frank Taffel
Frank Taffel (né Shrage Fyvel Tafel; 10 March 1877 in Krystynopol, Galicia, Austria-Hungary [now Chervonohrad, Ukraine] – 7 July 1947 in Savannah, Georgia) was a journalist, a founder of Congregation Beth Jacob (Atlanta), and an advocate of Jewish causes.
Abstraction (computer science)
In software, an abstraction provides access while hiding details that otherwise might make access more challenging. It focuses attention on details of greater importance. Examples include the abstract data type which separates use from the representation of data and functions that form a call tree that is more general at the base and more specific towards the leaves.

Abstract interpretation
In computer science, abstract interpretation is a theory of sound approximation of the semantics of computer programs, based on monotonic functions over ordered sets, especially lattices. It can be viewed as a partial execution of a computer program which gains information about its semantics (e.g., control-flow, data-flow) without performing all the calculations.

Its main concrete application is formal static analysis, the automatic extraction of information about the possible executions of computer programs; such analyses have two main usages:

inside compilers, to analyse programs to decide whether certain optimizations or transformations are applicable;

for debugging or even the certification of programs against classes of bugs.

Abstract interpretation was formalized by the French computer scientist working couple Patrick Cousot and Radhia Cousot in the late 1970s.
Charles E. Cassidy
Charles E. Cassidy (September 11, 1901 – May 27, 1972) was a college football and lacrosse player for the Cornell Big Red, inducted into the Cornell Athletics Hall of Fame. After graduation, he served as Attorney General for the Territory of Hawaii and U.S. Commissioner after Hawaii became a state. He was a justice of the Hawaii Supreme Court from October 5, 1959, to May 8, 1967.

Supreme Court of Hawaii
The Supreme Court of Hawaii is the highest court of the State of Hawaii in the United States. Its decisions are binding on all other courts of the Hawaii State Judiciary. The principal purpose of the Supreme Court is to review the decisions of the trial courts in which appeals have been granted. Appeals are decided by the members of the Supreme Court based on written records and in some cases may grant oral arguments in the main Supreme Court chamber. Like its mainland United States counterparts, the Supreme Court does not take evidence and uses only evidence provided in previous trials.

The Supreme Court of Hawaii meets in Aliʻiōlani Hale in Honolulu.
1932 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1932 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament took place from February 26–27, 1932 and February 29–March 1, 1932 at Municipal Auditorium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won their first Southern Conference title, led by head coach Rex Enright.

Georgia Bulldogs basketball
The Georgia Bulldogs men's basketball program is the men's college basketball team representing the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia. Established in 1905, the team has competed in the Southeastern Conference since the conference’s inception in 1932. As of 2020 the Bulldogs have amassed a record of 1,434–1,319. Though it has been historically overshadowed by the school's football program, the Bulldogs' basketball squad has had its share of successes, including a trip to the NCAA Final Four in 1983 under head coach Hugh Durham.
Robert H. McNaught
Robert H. McNaught (born in Scotland in 1956) is a Scottish-Australian astronomer at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University (ANU). He has collaborated with David J. Asher of the Armagh Observatory.

The inner main-belt asteroid 3173 McNaught, discovered by Edward Bowell at Anderson Mesa Station in 1981, was named after him by its discoverer, following a suggestion by David Seargent.

Armagh Observatory
Armagh Observatory is an astronomical research institute in Armagh, Northern Ireland. Around 25 astronomers are based at the observatory, studying stellar astrophysics, the Sun, Solar System astronomy and  Earth's climate.

In 2018, Armagh Observatory was recognized for having 224 years of unbroken weather records.
Outreach (Catholic website)
Outreach (formally known as Outreach: An LGBTQ Catholic Resource) is a Catholic news and opinion site for LGBTQ Catholics. The organization was founded by Jesuit priest James Martin in conjunction with America magazine. The site features news stories, opinion pieces and resources pertaining to the Catholic Church and the LGBTQ community.

The website provides a list of social media accounts for Facebook, X, Instagram, and YouTube. It also includes a link to the suicide hotline website and links to LGBT Catholic and non-Catholic resources. These include a link to the list of LGBT friendly Catholic Churches provided by New Ways Ministry, and a list of LGBT-friendly Catholic organizations.

The website also features a section titles "The Outreach Guide to the Bible and Homosexuality." This section encompasses a variety of voices, scholarly, theological, and magisterial; who go through and dismantle biblical arguments against homosexuality.

Crisis hotline
A crisis hotline is a phone number people can call to get immediate emergency telephone counseling, usually by trained volunteers. The first such service was founded in England in 1951 and such hotlines have existed in most major cities of the English speaking world at least since the mid-1970s. Initially set up to help those contemplating suicide, many have expanded their mandate to deal more generally with emotional crises. Similar hotlines operate to help people in other circumstances, including rape, eating disorders, bullying, self-harm, runaway children, human trafficking, and people who identify as LGBTQ+ or intersex. Despite crisis hotlines being common, their effectiveness in reducing suicides is not clear.
Ice hockey at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics – Boys' tournament
The boys' ice hockey tournament at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics was held from 13 to 22 January at the Tyrolean Ice Arena in Innsbruck, Austria.

Teams from five national hockey associations competed, in one single preliminary round group.  The tournament consisted of 14 games: 10 in the preliminary round (teams played all other teams); 2 semifinal games; 1 bronze medal game; and 1 gold medal game.

All games were played in three 15-minute periods, as opposed to the traditional 20-minute periods.

Tyrolean Ice Arena
Tyrolean Ice Arena, also known as TIWAG Arena, is an indoor sporting arena located in Innsbruck, Austria. The arena originally had a capacity of 3,000 people and was opened in 2005 for the 2005 World Ice Hockey Championships. It is adjoined to the larger Olympiahalle which was inaugurated in 1963.

The Olympiahalle was renovated for the ice hockey tournament at the same time as the new venue was built and are part of OlympiaWorld Innsbruck, a consortium that is responsible for maintaining venues that hosted both the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics.

It is currently the home arena of HC TWK Innsbruck who play in the Austrian Hockey League. In the 2022/23 season, the arena was expanded to more than 3,500 seats for the team's home games. This capacity expansion was achieved through additional stands installed behind the north stand.
Tan Sri Dr. Abdullah Sanusi Digital Library
The Tan Sri Dr. Abdullah Sanusi Digital Library or TSDAS Digital Library is a digital library housed at Open University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Although it is known as digital library, the library holds a wide range of resources in both online and print format. Currently, there are close to 30,000 volumes of printed books in the library system. The library subscribes to 37 online databases comprising e-books, e-journals, e-theses and more. To date, there are more than 82,000 e-books and 32,000 e-journal titles, about 930,000 e-thesis titles, three newspaper databases and one local legal act database covering all courses offered in OUM.

Open University Malaysia
Open University Malaysia, abbreviated as OUM (formerly UNITEM), is the seventh private university in Malaysia. It is owned by Multimedia Technology Enhancement Operations (METEOR) Sdn. Bhd, a consortium of 11 Malaysian public universities.

The main campus is located at Menara OUM, Kelana Centre Point, Kelana Jaya, Selangor. Additionally, there are more than 30 learning centres throughout Malaysia, out of which 10 are regional learning centres.
HD 173417
HD 173417 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.68, positioned about two degrees to the southwest of the bright star Sheliak. The distance to this star is approximately 169 light years based on parallax measurements, and it is slowly drifting closer with a radial velocity of −3 km/s.

The stellar classification of this star is F1III-IV, matching an evolving star with the mixed luminosity traits of a subgiant and giant star. It is 1.7 billion years old with a low metallicity and a relatively high projected rotational velocity of 54 km/s. The star has 1.6 times the mass of the Sun and 2.2 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating over 10 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,928 K.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Yok Siam
Yok Siam (Thai: ยกสยาม) was a Thai quiz show television program. It encouraged Thai people in each province using their ability joyfully about knowledges and being proud in their hometown. It broadcast on Monday - Friday 6:01 - 6:30 p.m. on Modern Nine TV. It had begun airdate on February 18, 2008 before ended on February 28, 2011. Yok Siam was produced by Workpoint Entertainment.

In addition, Maha Vajiralongkorn, Crown Prince of Thailand gave certificates with his signature to the province that is the winner.

Sukhothai province
Sukhothai (Thai: สุโขทัย, pronounced [sù.kʰǒː.tʰāj]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat); it lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are Phrae, Uttaradit, Phitsanulok, Kamphaeng Phet, Tak, and Lampang. Sukhothai can be translated as 'dawn of happiness'.
Arkyt, Kyrgyzstan
Arkyt (Kyrgyz: Аркыт, Uzbek: Arkit) is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan, located south of Lake Sary-Chelek and north of Kerben. It is part of the Aksy District. It is the headquarters of the Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve. Its population was 1,379 in 2021.

Jalal-Abad Region
Jalal-Abad (/dʒəˈlɑːl əˈbɑːd/; Kyrgyz: [dʒɑˌɫɑɫɑˈbɑt]) is a region (oblus) of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Manas. It is surrounded by (clockwise from the north) Talas Region, Chüy Region, Naryn Region, Osh Region, and Uzbekistan. Jalal-Abad Region was established on 21 November 1939. On 27 January 1959 it became a part of Osh Region, but regained its old status as a region on 14 December 1990. Its total area is 32,418 km2 (12,517 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,260,617 as of January 2021. The region has a sizeable Uzbek (24.8% in 2009) minority.
Brandon Sanders
Brandon Christopher Sanders (born June 10, 1973) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for three seasons with the New York Giants in the National Football League (NFL) from 1997 to 1999. He played college football for the Arizona Wildcats.

Brandon was born in San Diego, California, and attended Helix High School in La Mesa.

La Mesa, California
La Mesa (lit. 'The Table') is a city in San Diego County, California, United States, located nine miles (14 kilometers) east of downtown San Diego in Southern California. The population was 61,121 at the 2020 census, up from 57,065 at the 2010 census. Its civic motto is "the Jewel of the Hills."
Cuyahoga Formation
The Cuyahoga Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio. The age of the formation is difficult to determine, because of a lack of diagnostic fossils. Roughly, the formation dates from the Late Kinderhookian (354.8 to 350.8 million years ago) to the Middle Osagean (347.7 to 344.5 million years ago). Eight members are recognized, among them the Orangeville Shale, Sharpsville Sandstone, and Meadville Shale.

It preserves fossils dating to the Mississippian subperiod of the Carboniferous period.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
Midnight Lady
"Midnight Lady" is a song by English soft rock musician Chris Norman, released as a single in 1986. The song, produced and written by Dieter Bohlen, one half of Modern Talking, reached number one on the German singles chart in May 1986. Norman is popular in Germany where he scored his most hit records during the 1980s. "Midnight Lady" was also successful in Switzerland and Austria, where it also reached the number one spot. The song also went top 20 in the Netherlands and Belgium, reaching No. 9 and No. 16, respectively.

The song was used in the German crime series Tatort in the 180th episode "Der Tausch".

Ö3 Austria Top 40
Ö3 Austria Top 40 is the official Austrian singles chart, as well as the radio show which presents it, aired on Mondays on Hitradio Ö3. The show presents the Austrian singles, ringtones and downloads chart. It premiered on 26 November 1968 as Disc Parade and was presented by Ernst Grissemann.

The weekly number-ones are released by Musikmarkt and GoTV.
Amélia Videira
Amélia Videira is a Portuguese actress, particularly known for her roles in soap operas and films on Portuguese television.

Maria Amélia da Cruz Lobo Videira was born in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon on 18 June 1945. She wanted to be an actress from a young age but this was vetoed by her mother who would not allow her to attend the National Conservatory of Lisbon to train as an actor. Instead, she studied at the Lisbon Theatre and Film School, obtaining a master's degree in theatre studies and followed this with a course at the University of Minho to be a specialist trainer. She then took continuing education courses at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon. She received training in Movement Analysis, Psychodrama, Dance and Disability, Dance Therapy, Mime, Psychomotricity and Relaxation, and other subjects.

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung
The Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung (in English German Academy for Language and Literature) was founded on 28 August 1949, on the 200th birthday of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt. It is seated in Darmstadt, since 1971 in the Glückert House at the Darmstadt Artists' Colony. It is a society of writers and scholars on matters pertaining to German language and literature in the Deutsche sprachraum, or Germanosphere.

Sprachraum
In linguistics, a sprachraum (/ˈsprɑːkraʊm/; German: [ˈʃpʁaːxˌʁaʊm], "language area", plural sprachräume, German: [ˈʃpʁaχˌʁɔʏmə]) is a geographical region where a common first language (mother tongue), with dialect varieties, or group of languages is spoken.
Music of Greenland
The music of Greenland is a mixture of two primary strands, Inuit and Danish, mixed with influences from the United States and United Kingdom.

Greenland's musical character has been described as "definitely a rock country, both musically and literally" according to Greenlandic drummer Hans Rosenberg.  The Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs describes all Greenlandic music except the drum dances as influenced by external styles.

Rasmus Lyberth
Rasmus Ole Lyberth (born 21 August 1951) is a Greenlandic-Danish musician and actor. Since 1970, he has been one of the most popular artists in the Greenlandic music scene. His music is well known beyond the borders of Greenland.
Ramesh Chand Meena
Ramesh Chand Meena (born 15 January 1963) is an Indian politician. He is former Cabinet Minister in Government of Rajasthan for Panchayati Raj & Rural development. He was elected to the 13th, 14th and 15th Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan representing Sapotra (Assembly constituency) as a member of the Indian National Congress.

Government of Rajasthan
The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legislative branches. Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan, and houses the Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) and the secretariat. There are various programs announced by the Government of Rajasthan.
Jhabua Thermal Power Project
Jhabua Thermal Power Project is a coal based thermal power project located in village Barela – Gorakhpur, in Ghansore tehsil in Seoni district in Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The power plant is owned by Jhabua Power Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Gautam Thapar led Avantha Group. On 5 September 2022, NTPC acquired the Jhabua power through insolvency process.

BHEL is EPC contractor for this power plant. Coal for the power plant is sourced from South Eastern Coalfields.

South Eastern Coalfields
South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL) is the largest coal producing company of India. It is a "Miniratna" Company, and one of eight fully owned subsidiaries of Coal India Limited. The company has its headquarter at Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, and 92 mines spread over Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh; 70 underground, 21 opencast, and 1 mixed. It is a schedule 'B' Mini Ratna CPSE in coal & lignite under the administrative control of the Ministry of Coal.
Brandon Wegher
Brandon Wegher (/ˈweɪɡər/ WAY-ger) (born December 9, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League. He played college football for one season with the Iowa Hawkeyes in 2009, rushing for 641 yards and a freshman record eight touchdowns. He also played two seasons for the Morningside Mustangs in 2013–2014, where he was an NAIA national All-American. In 2014, he set a new NAIA national rushing record with 2,610 yards.  His younger brother, Jack Wegher, played running back in three games during the 2016–2017 season at Purdue University. His father, Rick, played college football at South Dakota State University and later professionally in Canada.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.
Isaac Hagins
Isaac Ben Hagins (born March 2, 1954) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the ninth round of the 1976 NFL draft. He played college football at Southern.

Hagins also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

Southern Jaguars and Lady Jaguars
The Southern Jaguars and Lady Jaguars represent Southern University in NCAA intercollegiate athletics. Southern University's 13 athletic teams participate in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) which is a part of the NCAA Division I. Football participates in the  Football Championship Subdivision (formerly Division I-AA).
36th National Assembly of Bulgaria
The Thirty-Sixth National Assembly (Bulgarian: Тридесет и шестото народно събрание) was a convocation of the National Assembly of Bulgaria, formed according to the results of the parliamentary elections in Bulgaria held on 13 October 1991.

Movement for Rights and Freedoms
The Movement for Rights and Freedoms (Bulgarian: Движение за права и свободи Dvizhenie za prava i svobodi, ДПС, DPS; Turkish: Hak ve Özgürlükler Hareketi, HÖH) is a political party in Bulgaria with a support base among ethnic minority communities. While representing the interests of Muslims, especially Turks and to a lesser extent Pomaks (Muslim Bulgarians), the party also receives the largest share of Romani votes. The party was in government in 1992–1994, 2001–2009 and 2013–2014.