hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Locke (film)
Locke is a 2013 psychological drama road film written and directed by Steven Knight. It stars Tom Hardy in the title role (and the only on-screen character) as he drives while conducting a series of phone conversations with characters voiced by Olivia Colman, Ruth Wilson, Andrew Scott, Ben Daniels, Tom Holland and Bill Milner.

The film premiered at the 70th Venice Film Festival on 2 September 2013. The film had a limited release in the United Kingdom beginning on 18 April 2014, and grossed $5.1 million worldwide. It was praised particularly for Hardy's performance, which won him the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor.

Psychological drama
Psychological drama, or psychodrama, is a subgenre of drama and psychological fiction literatures that generally focuses upon the emotional, mental, and psychological development of the protagonists and other characters within the narrative, which is highlighted by the drama. It is widely known as one of the main subgenres of psychological fiction; the subgenre is commonly used for films and television series.
Armando Morales
Armando Morales (January 15, 1927 – November 16, 2011) was an internationally renowned Nicaraguan painter. Morales is considered one of the most important painters of Nicaragua.

Morales, who was born in Granada, Nicaragua, received many awards for his works. He received his first award at the Central American Painting Contest "15 de Septiembre" (September 15) which was held in Guatemala in 1956. He received the award for a painting which he named "Spook-Tree". That same painting was later bought by the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The next year some of his paintings were featured at an exhibition called "Six Nicaraguan Artists" in Washington, he received excellent reviews and sold all his featured paintings.

Morales' work was exhibited at seven major shows from 1984 to 2000 at the Galerie Claude Bernard, a prominent gallery in Paris. The Gallery has published several catalogs and posters of his work. He died in Miami, Florida, USA.

Granada, Nicaragua
Granada (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡɾaˈnaða]) is a city in western Nicaragua and the capital of the Granada Department. With an estimated population of 105,862 (2022), it is Nicaragua's ninth most populous city. Granada is historically one of Nicaragua's most important cities, economically and politically. It has a rich colonial heritage, seen in its architecture and structure.

Granada had a thriving indigenous population. In 1524, the city was renamed Granada, by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, ostensibly the first European city in mainland America. Unlike other cities that claim the same distinction, the city of Granada was not only the settlement of the conquest, but also a city registered in official records of the Crown of Aragon, and the Kingdom of Castile in Spain.

Granada is also known as La Gran Sultana, in the reflection of its Moorish and Andalusian appearance, unlike its sister city and historical rival León, which displays Castilian trends.
Mitake rock climbing
The rock climbing (bouldering) in Mitake is centered on the riverbed of Tama River

Some of Japan's famous boulder problems can be found in the Mitake area. On boulders such as "Ninja Rock" and "Deadend"

The rock consists of limestone/ chert. With boulders between a few feet till 20 feet tall.
The boulders are graded according to the Japanese Dankyu grading system. With problems ranging between Fb3 and Fb8B.

In 2001 Dai Koyamada made the first ascent of Kanimushi 8B, the hardest problem in Mitake.

Mitake is easily accessed by train from Tokyo. Taking the Ome line from Tachikawa station to Mitake Station (Tokyo)

Dai Koyamada
Dai Koyamada (Japanese: 小山田大, born 23 August 1976) is a Japanese rock climber and known as one of the leading boulderers of his generation who established some of the first-ever boulder problems at 8C (V15).  He has also established and repeated, some of the hardest sport climbs in the world.
Point source
A point source is a single identifiable localized source of something. A point source has a negligible extent, distinguishing it from other source geometries. Sources are called point sources because, in mathematical modeling, these sources can usually be approximated as a mathematical point to simplify analysis.

The actual source need not be physically small if its size is negligible relative to other length scales in the problem. For example, in astronomy, stars are routinely treated as point sources, even though they are in actuality much larger than the Earth.

In three dimensions, the density of something leaving a point source decreases in proportion to the inverse square of the distance from the source, if the distribution is isotropic, and there is no absorption or other loss.

Plume (fluid dynamics)
In hydrodynamics, a plume or a column is a vertical body of one fluid moving through another. Several effects control the motion of the fluid, including momentum (inertia), diffusion (temperature, viscosity, surface tension), and buoyancy (differences in mass density). Jets and plumes deemed "pure" represent flows that are driven entirely by momentum and buoyancy, respectively. Flows occurring between these limiting cases are usually characterized as buoyant jets and forced plumes.

A plume is said to be positively buoyant when, in the absence of additional external forces or initial conditions, the column of fluid tends to rise. By contrast, a plume is said to be negatively buoyant when the density of the column is greater than its surroundings (statically, its natural tendency would be to sink), but the flow has sufficient initial momentum to exhibit a rise.
Escape (Gorgon City album)
Escape is the second studio album by English electronic music production duo Gorgon City. It was released on 10 August 2018 through Virgin EMI Records. The album produced six singles, and includes collaborations with Vaults, Duke Dumont, Naations, Kamille, JP Cooper, Lulu James, D Double E, and Josh Barry, among others.

Virgin EMI Records
Virgin EMI Records was a British record label owned by the Universal Music Group that was formed in 2013. In June 2020, the label was rebranded as EMI Records, and operates Virgin Records as an imprint of the new EMI Records.
Springfield Parish, New Brunswick
Springfield is a geographic parish in Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it was divided for governance purposes between the village of Norton and the local service district of the parish of Norton, both of which were members of Kings Regional Service Commission (RSC8).

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Paraguraleus finlayi
Paraguraleus finlayi is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Mangeliidae. Fossils of the species date to the late Oligocene and early Miocene, and have been found in strata of the Port Phillip Basin of Victoria, Australia.

Mangeliidae
Mangeliidae  is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

Prior to 2011, both the subfamilies Mangeliinae and Oenopotinae had been placed in the family Conidae. In 2011, Bouchet, Kantor et al merged the two subfamilies into one taxon, which they elevated to the rank of family. This was based on anatomical characters and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments.

Mangeliidae is a sister-clade to the family Raphitomidae

As with their relatives in the family Conidae, species in the family Mangeliidae use potent venoms to catch their prey. Through this characteristic, they are of interest in pharmacological research.
NIST Historic District
NIST Historic District is a national historic district located at Gaithersburg, Montgomery County, Maryland. The 579-acre district  is a Federal research campus housing the National Institute of Standards and Technology.  It comprises 74 buildings, structures, objects, and sites on a landscaped campus.  The district encompasses 24 contributing resources, including the pinweel shaped Administrative Building (1965) and the Newton Apple Tree.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.

Montgomery County, Maryland
Montgomery County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the county's population was 1,062,061, increasing by 9.3% from 2010. The county seat is Rockville, while its most populous place is Germantown. The county is adjoined to Washington, D.C., the nation's capital, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Most of the county's residents live in Silver Spring, Bethesda, Germantown, and the incorporated cities of Rockville and Gaithersburg.

The average household income in Montgomery County is the 20th-highest among U.S. counties as of 2020.

The county has the highest percentage (29.2%) of residents over 25 years of age who hold post-graduate degrees. Like other counties in the Washington metropolitan area, the county has several U.S. government offices, scientific research and learning centers, and business campuses.
Solid-phase reversible immobilization
Solid-phase reversible immobilization, or SPRI, is a method of purifying nucleic acids from solution. It uses silica- or carboxyl-coated paramagnetic beads, which reversibly bind to nucleic acids in the presence of polyethylene glycol and a salt. A common application of SPRI technology is purifying samples of DNA amplified by PCR for sequencing reactions:.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Shemurshinsky District
Shemurshinsky District  (Russian: Шемурши́нский район; Chuvash: Шăмăршă районӗ, Şămărşă rayonĕ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the south and southwest of the republic. The area of the district is 799.1 square kilometers (308.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Shemursha. Population: 14,759 (2010 Census); 16,588 (2002 Census); 18,186 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shemursha accounts for 25.5% of the district's total population.

Chuvash language
Chuvash (UK: /ˈtʃuːvɑːʃ/ CHOO-vahsh, US: /tʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ chuu-VAHSH; Чӑваш чӗлхи, Чӑвашла, translit. Çăvaşla, IPA: [tɕəʋaʃˈla]) is a Turkic language spoken in Volga-Ural region of Russia, primarily in the Chuvash Republic and adjacent areas. It is the only surviving member of the Oghur branch of Turkic languages, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family.

The writing system for the Chuvash language is based on the Cyrillic script, employing all of the letters used in the Russian alphabet and adding four letters of its own: Ӑ, Ӗ, Ҫ and Ӳ.
Peru at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Peru competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022. The country last competed in 2014.

Peru's team consisted of female alpine skier. Ornella Oettl Reyes was the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile a volunteer was the flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

2022 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The 2022 Winter Olympics closing ceremony was held at the Beijing National Stadium in Beijing on 20 February 2022. As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings are expected to combine the formal ceremonial closing of this international sporting event (including closing speeches, hoisting of the flags, the parade of athletes, and the handover of the Olympic flag) with an artistic spectacle to showcase the culture and history of the current and next host nation (Italy) for the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.

The closing ceremony was directed by film director and producer Zhang Yimou, who also directed the opening ceremonies of the 2022 Winter Olympics and previously directed and produced the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Flavanol-anthocyanin adduct
Flavanol-anthocyanin adducts are formed during wine ageing through reactions between anthocyanins and tannins present in grape, with yeast metabolites such as acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde-induced reactions yield ethyl-linked species such as malvidin glucoside-ethyl-catechin.

This type of compound has a better color stability at pH 5.5 than normal anthocyanins. When the pH was increased from 2.2 to 5.5, the solution of the pigment became progressively more violet (λmax = 560 nm at pH 5.5), whereas similar solutions of the anthocyanin were almost colorless at pH 4.0.

Procyanidin
Procyanidins are members of the proanthocyanidin (or condensed tannins) class of flavonoids. They are oligomeric compounds, formed from catechin and epicatechin molecules. They yield cyanidin when depolymerized under oxidative conditions.

See the box below entitled "Types of procyanidins" for links to articles on the various types.
Kleiner Semmering Pass
Kleiner Semmering Pass (el. 463 m [1,519 ft]) is a low mountain pass in the Wienerwald in the Bundesland of Lower Austria.

It forms the divide between the watersheds of the Vienna River and the Liesingbach.

Vienna Woods
The Vienna Woods (German: Wienerwald, pronounced [ˈviːnɐˌvald] ⓘ) are forested highlands that form the northeastern foothills of the Northern Limestone Alps in the states of Lower Austria and Vienna. The 45-kilometre-long (28 mi) and 20–30-kilometre-wide (12–19 mi) range of hills is heavily wooded and a popular recreation area with the Viennese.
Plesiobalaenoptera
Plesiobalaenoptera is a genus of extinct rorqual which existed in Italy during the late Miocene epoch. The type species is P. quarantellii. It is the oldest known rorqual from the Mediterranean basin. Fossils have been found from sediments of the Stirone River in Northern Italy (44°48′N 10°00′E﻿ / ﻿44.8°N 10.0°E﻿ / 44.8; 10.0, paleocoordinates 43°54′N 10°30′E﻿ / ﻿43.9°N 10.5°E﻿ / 43.9; 10.5) that were deposited during the Tortonian age, around 11 to 7 million years ago.

Stirone
The Stirone is a small river of Emilia-Romagna in north Italy, a left tributary of the Taro, which it joins shortly before the latter enters the Po.

The sources of the river are on the slopes of Monte Mezzano and Monte Santa Cristina. Part of the course of the river forms the boundary between the provinces of Piacenza and Parma. It then forms the basis of the Parco Regionale Fluviale Stirone, which is especially known for its fossils, and reaches the town of Fidenza. The river joins the Taro at Fontanelle, a frazione of Roccabianca.

According to tradition, Domninus of Fidenza was martyred on its banks in 304 AD.
Rigmor Dam
Rigmor Dam (born 18 December 1971) is a Faroese politician and teacher, she has also been working as a journalist for the Faroese paper Sosialurin before she was elected to the Faroese parliament, the Løgting. She is the current Minister of Education, Research and Culture of the Faroe Islands.

Sosialurin
Sosialurin is a Faroese newspaper located in Tórshavn. It is written in the Faroese language. The newspaper, in partnership with Føroya Tele, the Faroese public telecommunications company, operates the website in.fo
Itska Rizhinashvili
Abram "Itska" Rizhinashvili (Georgian: იცკა რიჟინაშვილი; April 12, 1886 – July 17, 1906) was a Georgian Jew from Kutaisi (then part of the Russian Empire. He studied at the Kutaisi Real Gymnasium and became involved in the social-democratic movement. While studying at the Leipzig University, he joined a local Bolshevik group in 1904. Back to Georgia in 1905, he helped propagate Marxist ideas among the army soldiers stationed in Imereti and Samegrelo. He was assassinated by a Tsarist police agent in Kutaisi; Rizhinashvili was 20 years of age.

His story is described in a 1936 play by the Georgian Jewish writer Gerzel Baazov.

Mingrelia
Mingrelia or Samegrelo (Georgian: სამეგრელო, romanized: samegrelo [ˈs̪äme̞gɾe̞ɫo̞]; Mingrelian: სამარგალო, romanized: samargalo) is a historic province in the western part of Georgia, formerly known as Odishi. It is primarily inhabited by the Mingrelians, a subgroup of Georgians.
Youth justice in England and Wales
In England and Wales, criminal law is delivered through two distinct systems: the adult and youth justice systems. The youth justice system was set up to prevent and control crime, anti-social behaviour and offences carried out by individuals under the age of 17 (with some exceptions extending to 18). It is overseen by the Youth Justice Board, which is an executive public body funded by the Ministry of Justice and set up under the Crime and Disorder Act 1998. Its purposes are set out in section 41 of that Act.

The youth justice system of England and Wales is regulated by the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 and the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999, and is separate from the one in Northern Ireland and Scotland. In Northern Ireland, the youth justice system is regulated by the Justice Northern Ireland Act 2002. In Scotland, it is regulated by the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2016 .

Youth Justice Board
The Youth Justice Board for England and Wales (YJB) (Welsh: Bwrdd Cyfiawnder Ieuenctid) is a non-departmental public body created by the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 to oversee the youth justice system for England and Wales. Its purposes are set out in section 41 of that Act.

It is sponsored by the Ministry of Justice, and its board members are appointed by the Secretary of State for Justice. A key function of the Board is to set policy on youth offending and oversee and the Youth Offending Teams.
Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2005
The 2005 Triple J Hottest 100 was announced on 26 January 2006. It was the thirteenth such countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J.

The broadcast began at 10am AEDT and finished a little before 7pm when the top song was announced.   Broadcast live from the Sydney Big Day Out from 12pm AEDT, it regularly crossed to winning artists and listeners around Australia.

Voters were limited to 20 votes each – 10 via SMS (charged at 30c per message) and 10 via the Internet (at no charge).

Wolfmother had the most entries in the countdown with six, at that point the most by an artist in a single countdown. Their record was not equalled until the 2022 countdown 17 years later, by Spacey Jane, and was not surpassed until the following 2023 countdown, by G Flip.

G Flip
Georgia Claire Flipo (born 22 September 1993), known professionally as G Flip, is an Australian singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and producer from Melbourne, Victoria. Their debut studio album, About Us, was released on 30 August 2019. Its follow-up, Drummer, followed almost four years later on 11 August 2023.

G Flip has released several platinum-charting singles, including "Killing My Time" and "Drink Too Much", while Drummer topped the ARIA Albums Chart the week of its release. G Flip's music has found itself particularly popular with listeners of Australian radio station triple j: Drummer won the 2023 J Award for Australian Album Of The Year, and seven songs from it were voted into that year's Hottest 100 countdown – setting the record for the most entries by a single artist in one countdown, with G Flip ranking in equal third place for most Triple J Hottest 100 entries of all time.
Martin Trunz
Martin Trunz (born 2 May 1970) is a Swiss former ski jumper who competed from 1990 to 1996. At the Winter Olympics, he finished eighth in the team large hill at Albertville in 1992 and 40th in the individual large hill at Lillehammer in 1994.

Trunz's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was sixth in the team large hill at Val di Fiemme in 1991 and 13th in the individual normal hill at Thunder Bay, Ontario in 1995. His best finish at the Ski-flying World Championships was sixth at Harrachov in 1992, which was tied for his best individual career. He also finished sixth in a normal hill event at Falun that same year.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1995 took place 9–19 March 1995 in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. This marked the second time the separate championships (not part of Winter Olympics) were held outside Europe (the first was in the US towns of Lake Placid, New York, and Rumford, Maine, in 1950). The Nordic combined team event was changed from a 3 × 10 km relay to a 4 × 5 km relay for these championships.
The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft
The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft is a 2022 documentary film directed by Werner Herzog. The film is a tribute to the French volcanologists Katia and Maurice Krafft, who were killed on 3 June 1991, by a pyroclastic flow on Mount Unzen, in Japan.

Pyroclastic flow
A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current or a pyroclastic cloud) is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter (collectively known as tephra) that flows along the ground away from a volcano at average speeds of 100 km/h (30 m/s; 60 mph; 90 ft/s) but is capable of reaching speeds up to 700 km/h (190 m/s; 430 mph; 640 ft/s). The gases and tephra can reach temperatures of about 1,000 °C (1,800 °F).

Pyroclastic flows are the deadliest of all volcanic hazards and are produced as a result of certain explosive eruptions; they normally touch the ground and hurtle downhill or spread laterally under gravity. Their speed depends upon the density of the current, the volcanic output rate, and the gradient of the slope.
Dasharatham
Dasharatham is a 1989 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written by A. K. Lohithadas and directed by Sibi Malayil. It stars Mohanlal, Rekha, Murali, Nedumudi Venu, Sukumaran, Karamana Janardanan Nair,  Sukumari, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, K. P. A. C. Lalitha, and Jayabharathi. The music was composed by Johnson. The movie deals with the subject of traditional surrogacy. This is the first Malayalam film to introduce 35mm Cinemascope Film Format. The film was released on October 28, 1989, on the occasion of Diwali.

Dasharatham is widely regarded as one of the best films from the writer-director duo Lohithadas-Sibi Malayil. Lohithadas won the Kerala Film Critics Award for Best Scriptwriter. Dasharatham was the first Malayalam film officially dubbed and released in Marathi as Mazaa Mulga (Meaning: My son).

Nedumudi Venu
Kesavan Venugopal (22 May 1948 – 11 October 2021), better known by his stage name Nedumudi Venu, was an Indian actor and screenwriter from Kerala, who predominantly worked in Malayalam cinema. He acted in more than 500 films, primarily in Malayalam and also in Tamil, in a career spanning nearly five decades. He wrote screenplays and directed one film. Nedumudi Venu won three National Film Awards, three Filmfare Award South and six Kerala State Film Awards for his performances in various movies.