hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2018 French Guiana's 2nd constituency by-election
A by-election was held in French Guiana's 2nd constituency on 4 March 2018, with a second round on 11 March as no candidate secured a majority of votes in the first round. The by-election was called after the Constitutional Council invalidated the election of Lénaïck Adam, candidate of La République En Marche! (REM), in the June 2017 legislative elections on 8 December 2017.

As in June 2017, Adam narrowly defeated Davy Rimane, supported by La France Insoumise, in the second round.

Kourou
Kourou (/kuːˈruː/ koo-ROO; French pronunciation: [kuʁu]) is a commune in French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France in South America. Kourou is famous for being the location of the Guiana Space Centre, the main spaceport of France and the European Space Agency (ESA). It is an administrative district in French Guiana and the main town there.
Elitzur Giv'at Shmuel
Elitzur Giv'at Shmuel (Hebrew: אליצור גבעת שמואל) is a basketball club, originally from Giv'at Shmuel in Israel. The club plays in the Liga Artzit, the third division of Israeli basketball. It played in the Israeli Basketball Premier League as recently as the 2008–2009 season.

The home hall of the club was the Leader Arena (1,400 seats) in Ganei Tikva.

Ganei Tikva
Ganei Tikva (Hebrew: גַּנֵּי תִּקְוָה, lit. '"gardens of hope"') is a town with "city council" status in Israel bordering Kiryat Ono to the west, Petah Tikva to the north, Gat Rimon to the east and Savyon to the south.
1872 North Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1872 North Carolina gubernatorial election was held on August 1, 1872. Incumbent Republican Tod Robinson Caldwell, who defeated Thomas Settle and Oliver H. Dockery for the Republican nomination, defeated Democratic nominee Augustus Summerfield Merrimon, who defeated James Madison Leach and Daniel Moreau Barringer for the Democratic nomination, with 50.49% of the vote.

This was the last time a Republican candidate won an outright majority of the vote until the 1972 gubernatorial election.

Thomas Settle (judge)
Thomas Settle (January 23, 1831 – December 1, 1888) was a United States Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Peru, an associate justice of the Supreme Court of North Carolina and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida.
Ragogna
Ragogna (Friulian: Ruvigne) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Udine.

Ragogna borders the following municipalities: Forgaria nel Friuli, Pinzano al Tagliamento, San Daniele del Friuli.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Lawrence Lottenberg
Lawrence Lottenberg is an American trauma surgeon, working in South Florida, who is the Chair of Florida Atlantic University (FAU)'s Department of Surgery and the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Director of Trauma Research and Education at St. Mary's Medical Center in West Palm Beach, Florida. Lottenberg serves as leadership faculty for FAU's Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine General Surgery Residency Program. He was also the founding trauma surgeon at UF Health Shands Hospital's Level 1 trauma center in December 2003. Prior to his tenure at University of Florida, he worked at Memorial Healthcare System in Hollywood, Florida.

In July 2021, Lottenberg was interviewed by WFOX-TV regarding watercraft safety after the death of Leon L. Haley, CEO of UF Health Jacksonville who died by head injury caused by a jet ski accident.

He has also studied trauma injuries as a result of fishing and boat safety.

UF Health Shands Hospital
UF Health Shands Hospital is a teaching hospital of the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. It is one of seven hospitals in the University of Florida Health system, and one of two campuses for UF's Health Science Center, the other being UF Health Jacksonville.
Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française
The sociétaires of the Comédie-Française are chosen from among the pensionnaires who have been in the company a year or more.

They are decided upon in the course of a general assembly of the company's administrative committee, made up of six existing sociétaires, the senior sociétaire, and the general administrator.  A pensionnaire is thus named a societaire by a decree of the Ministry of Culture, from names put forward by the general administrator of the Comédie-Française.  On becoming a sociétaire, an actor automatically becomes a member of the Société des Comédiens-Français and receives a share of the profits as well as receiving a number of shares in the société to which he or she is contractually linked.

After his or her retirement, a sociétaire can continue to act, becoming an honorary sociétaire.  The senior member of the Comédie-Française is not the oldest sociétaire, but the sociétaire who has been with the company longest (since their entering it as a pensionnaire).

Comédie-Française
The Comédie-Française (French: [kɔmedi fʁɑ̃sɛːz] ⓘ), or Théâtre-Français (French: [teɑtʁ(ə) fʁɑ̃sɛ] ⓘ), is a state theatre in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is one of the few in the nation and the only to have its own permanent troupe of actors. The company's primary venue is the Salle Richelieu, a part of the Palais-Royal complex located at 2 Rue de Richelieu on Place André-Malraux in the 1st arrondissement of Paris.

The theatre has also been known as the Théâtre de la République, and popularly as "La Maison de Molière" (The House of Molière). It acquired the latter name from the troupe of its best-known playwright, Molière, considered the patron of French actors. He died seven years before his troupe became known as the Comédie-Française, but the company continued to be known as "La Maison de Molière" even after the official change of name.
Wodukajmy
Wodukajmy [vɔduˈkai̯mɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sępopol, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Sępopol, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Bartoszyce, and 66 km (41 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Bartoszyce County
Bartoszyce County (Polish: powiat bartoszycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bartoszyce, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Górowo Iławeckie, 21 km (13 mi) west of Bartoszyce, Bisztynek, 22 km (14 mi) south of Bartoszyce, and Sępopol, 14 km (9 mi) east of Bartoszyce.

The county covers an area of 1,308.54 square kilometres (505.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 57,642, out of which the population of Bartoszyce is 23,482, that of Górowo Iławeckie is 3,951, that of Bisztynek is 2,370, that of Sępopol is 1,958, and the rural population is 25,881.
1995 Italian Superturismo Championship
The 1995 Italian Superturismo Championship was the ninth edition of the Italian Superturismo Championship. The season began in Misano on 23 April and finished in Vallelunga on 8 October, after ten rounds. Emanuele Pirro won the championship, driving an Audi A4 Quattro; the German manufacturer won the constructors' championship, while Mauro Trione won the privateers' trophy.

Misano World Circuit
The Misano World Circuit (officially known as Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli or Misano Circuit Sic 58, and before 2006 called Circuito Internazionale Santa Monica Misano) is a 4.226 km (2.626 mi) race track located next to the town of Misano Adriatico (Province of Rimini) in the frazione of Santa Monica-Cella. Originally designed in 1969 as a length of 3.488 km (2.167 mi), it hosted its first event in 1972. In 1993, the track length was increased to 4.064 km (2.525 mi).

As of 2007, it began hosting the San Marino and Rimini Riviera motorcycle Grand Prix as part of the MotoGP World Championship.

In 2012, the track was renamed to commemorate Marco Simoncelli, a local motorcycle racer who died in 2011.
Tewassoul group
The Tewassoul group (Arabic: فريق تواصل, French: Groupe Tewassoul) is a Mauritanian parliamentary group in the National Assembly. The group has been present since the 2013 Mauritanian parliamentary election, when the National Rally for Reform and Development (Tewassoul) entered the National Assembly for the first time.

National Rally for Reform and Development
The National Rally for Reform and Development (Arabic: التجمع الوطني للإصلاح و التنمية, romanized: at-tajammuʿ al-waṭani lil iṣlāḥ wat-tanmiya, French: Rassemblement National pour la Réforme et le Développement), often known by its shortened Arabic name Tewassoul (Arabic: تواصل, romanized: Tawāṣṣul) or by the abbreviation of its French name (RNRD), is an Islamist political party in Mauritania. The party is associated with the Mauritanian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood.

As a result of the 2013,  2018 and 2023 parliamentary election Tewassoul has become the second largest political party in Mauritania.
Cooling capacity
Cooling capacity is the measure of a cooling system's ability to remove heat. It is equivalent to the heat supplied to the evaporator/boiler part of the refrigeration cycle and may be called the "rate of refrigeration" or "refrigeration capacity". As the target temperature of the refrigerator approaches ambient temperature, without exceeding it, the refrigeration capacity increases thus increasing the refrigerator's COP. The SI unit is watt (W). Another unit common in non-metric regions or sectors is the ton of refrigeration, which describes the amount of water at freezing temperature that can be frozen in 24 hours, equivalent to 3.5 kW or 12,000 BTU/h.

British thermal unit
The British thermal unit (Btu) is a measure of heat, which is a form of energy. It was originally defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. It is also part of the United States customary units. The SI unit for energy is the joule (J); one Btu equals about 1,055 J (varying within the range of 1,054–1,060 J depending on the specific definition of Btu; see below).

While units of heat are often supplanted by energy units in scientific work, they are still used in some fields. For example, in the United States the price of natural gas is quoted in dollars per the amount of natural gas that would give 1 million Btu (1 "MMBtu") of heat energy if burned.
Marcin Krukowski
Marcin Krukowski (born 14 June 1992) is a Polish track and field athlete who competes in the javelin throw. His personal best throw of 89.55 m, set in 2021, is the Polish record. He has represented his nation at three World Championships (2013, 2015 and 2017). His best performance is ninth place (2017). He also represented Poland at the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2017 World Championships in Athletics
The 2017 IAAF World Championships, the sixteenth edition of the IAAF World Championships, were held from 4 to 13 August at London Stadium in London, United Kingdom. London was officially awarded the championships on 11 November 2011.
Walter Fondren
Walter William Fondren III (April 29, 1936 – January 28, 2010) was an all-conference football player and conservation activist. He played halfback, quarterback and punter for the Texas Longhorns from 1955 to 1957 and was the first starting quarterback for Darrell Royal. He was later a founding member of the Coastal Conservation Association.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Noah Palmer
Noah Hughes Palmer (born April 21, 1983) is an American soccer goalkeeper.

Palmer played college soccer at University of Maryland from 2001 to 2004, finishing his collegiate career with a school-record 34 shutouts and a GAA of 0.86. He also played in the USL Premier Development League for Chesapeake Dragons and his hometown team, Williamsburg Legacy.

He was drafted in the third round, 25th overall, by Real Salt Lake in the 2005 MLS Supplemental Draft.  He would miss the entire 2005 season with shoulder surgery.

On May 29, 2006, Palmer was traded to the Columbus Crew for Duke Hashimoto.  He played 10 games over the course of the season but was waived during the 2007 pre-season.

2005 MLS supplemental draft
Following the signature of the first MLS players' union contract, the MLS Superdraft was limited to four rounds. As a result, the Supplemental Draft was re-incarnated to hold the additional rounds. The 2005 MLS supplemental draft, held on February 4, 2005, was the first re-incarnation of the MLS supplemental draft. The four-round event followed January's 2005 MLS SuperDraft, as teams filled out their developmental rosters.
Expansion clubs Real Salt Lake and Chivas USA received the first picks in each round.

The most notable draft picks include fourth round draft picks Chris Wondolowski, who is one of the top career goalscorers in Major League Soccer with over 140 career MLS goals, and Jeff Larentowicz, who has played more than 380 matches in more than 10 seasons in Major League Soccer.
Gulf of Almería
The Gulf of Almería (Spanish: Golfo de Almería) is a bight of the Mediterranean Sea, in the southeastern end of the Iberian Peninsula.

It lies between Punta Sabinar and Cabo de Gata. It is shaped as a semicircle opened to the south with a protrusion in its center featuring the mouth of the Andarax river. Scholars placing ancient Urci in Pechina identify the Sinus Urcitanus cited by Pomponius Mela with the Gulf of Almería.

Pomponius Mela
Pomponius Mela (died c. AD 45) was the earliest known Roman geographer. He was born at the end of the 1st century BC in Tingentera (now Algeciras), wrote around AD 43, and died circa AD 45.

His short work (De situ orbis libri III.) remained in use nearly to the year 1500. It occupies less than one hundred pages of ordinary print, and is described by the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) as "dry in style and deficient in method, but of pure Latinity, and occasionally relieved by pleasing word-pictures." Except for the geographical parts of Pliny's Historia naturalis (where Mela is cited as an important authority), the De situ orbis is the only formal treatise on the subject in Classical Latin.
The Aldington Gang
Aldington was the stronghold of The Aldington Gang, a band of smugglers roaming the Romney Marshes and shores of Kent. The gang's leaders made the local inn, The Walnut Tree Inn, their headquarters and drop for their contraband. The Inn was often used when they waited for others of their group to bring in goods from across the Marshes. High up on the southern side of the inn is a small window through which the gang would shine a signal light to their partners up on Aldington Knoll when the way was clear for them.

They were probably the last 'major' gang that existed in Kent and it is believed that they were known as The Blues from the colour of the clothing that they wore or from blue flares used for signalling.

Flare
A flare is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for distress signaling, illumination, or defensive countermeasures in civilian and military applications. Flares may be ground pyrotechnics, projectile pyrotechnics, or parachute-suspended to provide maximum illumination time over a large area. Projectile pyrotechnics may be dropped from aircraft, fired from rocket or artillery, or deployed by flare guns or handheld percussive tubes.
Jay LaDue
Jay LaDue (April 7, 1827 – October 12, 1926) was an American farmer and politician.

LaDue was born in Sherman, Chautauqua County, New York. He went to the public schools. In 1856, LaDue moved to Luverne, Rock County, Minnesota with his wife and family and was a farmer. LaDue served in the Minnesota Senate from 1891 to 1894.

Rock County, Minnesota
Rock County is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Minnesota. According to the 2020 census, its population was 9,704. The county seat is Luverne. It is located within the Sioux Falls MSA.
Wu River (Yuan River, north)
The Wu River (Chinese: 㵲水or潕水; pinyin: Wǔ Shuǐ) is a left tributary of the Yuan River in south China. This upper stream is called Wuyang River (Chinese: 㵲阳河; pinyin: Wǔyáng Hé) in Guizhou Province; it rises on the western slopes of Mount Foding in the southeast of Weng'an County. The river runs eastward into Hunan Province and then is called the Wu River. It joins Yuan River at Hongjiang City. The river has a length of 444 kilometres (276 mi) and drains an area of 10,334 square kilometres (3,990 sq mi).

Hongjiang
Hongjiang (Chinese: 洪江; pinyin: Hóngjiāng), formerly Qianyang County (simplified Chinese: 黔阳县; traditional Chinese: 黔陽縣; pinyin: Qiányáng Xiàn) is a county-level city in Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Huaihua.

Located on the southwest of the province and the south of Huaihua, the city is bordered to the north by Zhongfang County, to the northwest by Zhijiang County, to the south by Huitong County, to the east by Dongkou County. Including the Hongjiang District, Hongjiang covers an area of 2,289 km2 (884 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 498,100. The city is divided into 26 township-level divisions, including four subdistricts and two townships of Hongjiang District. The government seat is Qiancheng Town (黔城镇).
Bakary Soro
Bakary Soro (born 5 December 1985) is a Burkinabé professional footballer who recently played as a defender for Şanlıurfaspor. He has represented the Ivory Coast at under-20 level and Burkina Faso in an exhibition game.

ASEC Mimosas
ASEC Mimosas (short for Association Sportive des Employés de Commerce Mimosas; lit. 'Mimosas Commerce Employees' Sporting Association') is an Ivorian professional football club based in Abidjan. The club is also known as ASEC Abidjan, especially in international club competitions. Founded in 1948, they are the most successful side in Ivorian football, having won the Ivorian Premier Division 29 times and the 1998 CAF Champions League. In addition, ASEC's youth academy, known as Académie MimoSifcom, has produced a number of famous players predominantly based in top foreign leagues, including Bonaventure Kalou, Didier Zokora, Emmanuel Eboué, Bakari Koné, Gervinho, Salomon Kalou, Romaric, Boubacar Barry, Didier Ya Konan, Kolo Touré, Yaya Touré and Odilon Kossounou, all of whom have played internationally.
In Defense of the Corporation
In Defense of the Corporation is a nonfiction book by the business historian Robert Hessen. It was published by the Hoover Institution Press in 1979. In the book, Hessen defends the corporation as a legitimate institution against criticisms leveled by Ralph Nader and Mark J. Green in their co-written books Corporate Power in America (1973) and Taming the Giant Corporation (1976).

Business history
Business history is a historiographical field which examines the history of firms, business methods, government regulation and the effects of business on society. It also includes biographies of individual firms, executives, and entrepreneurs. It is related to economic history. It is distinct from "company history" which refers to official histories, usually funded by the company itself.
Harpanthus
Harpanthus is a genus of liverworts belonging to the family Geocalycaceae.

The genus was first described by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in 1836.

Species:

Harpanthus drummondii (Taylor) Grolle

Harpanthus flotovianus (Nees) Nees

Harpanthus scutatus (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Spruce

Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (14 February 1776 – 16 March 1858) was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher. He was a contemporary of Goethe and was born within the lifetime of Linnaeus. He described approximately 7,000 plant species (almost as many as Linnaeus himself). His last official act as president of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina was to admit Charles Darwin as a member. He was the author of numerous monographs on botany and zoology and majority of his best-known works deal with fungi. The standard author abbreviation Nees is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
St. Giles (Hebron, Maryland)
St. Giles is a historic home located at Hebron, Wicomico County, Maryland, United States. It is a 2+1⁄2-story frame Federal period farmhouse, with a 20th-century hyphen and wing. Also on the property are several outbuildings, including a well house, wood house, tenant house, barn, garage, and pool house. The landscaped grounds include a garden which is thought to retain its original early-19th-century layout.

St. Giles was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Wicomico County, Maryland
Wicomico County (/waɪˈkɒmɪkoʊ/ wy-KOM-ik-oh) is in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Maryland, on the Delmarva Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,588. The county seat is Salisbury. The county was named for the Wicomico River, which in turn derives its name from the Algonquian language words wicko mekee, meaning "a place where houses are built", apparently referring to a Native American town on the banks. The county is included in the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is part of the Lower Eastern Shore region of the state.
Route 19 (Uruguay)
Route 19 is a national route of Uruguay. It stretches through the Durazno, Treinta y Tres and Rocha Departments. Divided into three sections, it takes the names of Lorenzo Latorre (president of Uruguay, 1876-1880), Basilio Muñoz (politician and military officer) and Horacio Arredondo (historian).

The most noteworthy populated places located along this route are: Villa del Carmen, Cerro Chato, Valentines, Villa Sara, San Luis al Medio, Dieciocho de Julio and Chuy.

Lorenzo Latorre
Lorenzo Latorre, full name Lorenzo Antonio Inocencio Latorre Jampen, (8 July 1844 – 18 January 1916) was a Uruguayan officer and politician, who was a dictator and President of Uruguay from 10 March 1876 until 15 March 1880. During his rule political opponents were oppressed, but at the same time, his reforms greatly improved the economy and state institutions.