hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hajime Tanabe
Hajime Tanabe (田辺 元, Tanabe Hajime; February 3, 1885 – April 29, 1962) was a Japanese philosopher of science, particularly of mathematics and physics. His work brought together elements of Buddhism, scientific thought, Western philosophy, Christianity, and Marxism. In the postwar years, Tanabe coined the concept of metanoetics, proposing that the limits of speculative philosophy and reason must be surpassed by metanoia.

Tanabe was a key member of what has become known in the West as the Kyoto School, alongside philosophers Kitarō Nishida (also Tanabe's teacher) and Keiji Nishitani. He taught at Tōhoku Imperial University beginning in 1913 and later at Kyōto Imperial University, and studied at the universities of Berlin, Leipzig, and Freiburg in the 1920s under figures such as Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. In 1947 he became a member of the Japan Academy, and in 1950 he received the Order of Cultural Merit.

Western philosophy
Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought, traditions, and works of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word philosophy itself originated from the Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), literally, 'the love of wisdom', from Ancient Greek: φιλεῖν (phileîn), 'to love', and σοφία (sophía), 'wisdom'.

Western philosophy stands in contrast to other cultural and regional traditions like Eastern philosophy.
Andrew Parker (hurdler)
Andrew Parker (born 11 January 1965) is a Jamaican track and field athlete who competed in the 110 metres hurdles. He won the event at the 1987 Pan American Games and represented Jamaica at the 1988 Summer Olympics as well as the 1987 World Championships in Athletics.

1987 Pan American Games
The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.
Choti Saryu
Choti Saryu or Tamasa River is a river in India that starts in Ambedkar Nagar, Faizabad division, Uttar Pradesh, and passes through Mau and joins another river in Phephna. The joint stream joins the Ganga at Anjorpur. It is a perennial river – in the dry season only sluggish black water remains, but in the rainy season it can cause floods such as the one in 2005.

It should not be confused with the Tamsa River which originates in the Kaimur Range in Madhya Pradesh and joins the Ganga at Sirsa.

Ambedkar Nagar district
Ambedkar Nagar district is one of the 75 districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Ayodhya division in the Awadh region of the state. This district was established on 29 September 1995 by carving out parts of the erstwhile Faizabad district (now Ayodhya district). It was created by the then Chief Minister Mayawati and named in memory of B. R. Ambedkar, who worked for the advancement of the depressed classes. The total area of Ambedkar Nagar district is 2350 Sq. Km.
Will Forsyth
William Forsyth (1996 – 11 May 2020) was a British professional rugby league footballer who played as a fullback for the Dewsbury Rams in the Kingstone Press Championship. He later played two games for Hemel Stags.

Forsyth died on 11 May 2020, at the age of 24 from cancer.

Hemel Stags
The Hemel Stags are an amateur rugby league club based in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. They were semi-professional and played in Betfred League 1 from 2013 until 2018. They withdrew from the professional system when their licence was purchased by Eric Perez and permission was granted by the RFL to relocate it, this would ultimately lead to Cornwall R.L.F.C. entering League 1. The extensive community rugby league teams at Hemel Stags were unaffected As such, Hemel Stags still ran an amateur team at the Southern Conference League East Division in the 2021 season.
Thomas Neil Duff
Thomas Neil Duff (February 13, 1896 – 1978) was a farmer and politician in Ontario, Canada. He represented Bruce in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1943 to 1945 as a Liberal.

The son of James and Margaret Duff, he was born near Desboro and was educated there.

Desboro, Ontario
Desboro is a community in Chatsworth Township, Grey County in southwestern Ontario, Canada, located south of Owen Sound and near the community of Chatsworth. The community was named for Desborough in Northamptonshire, England.
Pallada-class cruiser
The Pallada-class cruisers (often known in Russia as "Diana-type protected cruisers", Russian: Бронепалубные крейсера типа «Диана») were a group of three protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy (IRN) in the late 1890s. One ship of the class, Aurora, is still crewed by the Russian Navy, and maintained as a museum ship.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
S. K. Saikia
S. K. Saikia is a three times former police commissioner of the city of Ahmedabad in western India. Saikia is a 1977 batch IPS officer. He has previously served as a Home Secretary in charge of law and order in Gujarat and is an Additional Director General of Police, the second highest police rank in a state of India. Saikia was appointed as the commissioner of India by the government on recommendation of the Election Commission of India during the 2007 Gujarat legislative election. S.K.Saikia is known to be a very honest and non-corrupt police officer.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Mean dependence
In probability theory, a random variable  is said to be mean independent of random variable  if and only if its conditional mean  equals its (unconditional) mean  for all  such that the probability density/mass of  at , , is not zero. Otherwise,  is said to be mean dependent on .

Stochastic independence implies mean independence, but the converse is not true.; moreover, mean independence implies uncorrelatedness while the converse is not true. Unlike stochastic independence and uncorrelatedness, mean independence is not symmetric: it is possible for  to be mean-independent of  even though  is mean-dependent on .

The concept of mean independence is often used in econometrics to have a middle ground between the strong assumption of independent random variables () and the weak assumption of uncorrelated random variables

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
Swinton, Harrogate
Swinton is a small village in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated to the immediate south-west of Masham and separated from it by the River Burn. The village is at the eastern end of  Swinton Park and shares a civil parish with Warthermarske.

The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as belonging to Count Alan and the names derives from the Old English swīn-tūn which means Pig-Farm.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

River Burn, North Yorkshire
The River Burn is a river that flows wholly within North Yorkshire, England. The river starts as several small streams on Masham Moor and drains Colsterdale flowing eastwards before emptying into the River Ure just south of Masham. Conservation work on removing a weir, and introducing fish to the river in 2016,  has meant that salmon have been recorded spawning in the river for the first time in over 100 years.

Whilst the River Burn valley is not in Nidderdale, almost all of it is included in the Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
CONPLAN 8022-02
According to The Washington Post, the United States Strategic Command contingency plan for dealing with "imminent" threats is formally known as CONPLAN 8022-02.  The plan was reportedly completed in November 2003, resulting in a preemptive and offensive strike capability.  The main plan involves the preemptive use of tactical nuclear strikes (mini-nukes) on deep-ground rocket/bomb installations, computer viruses, and radar disruption technology.

See: Single Integrated Operational Plan for origins and details.

Suitcase nuclear device
A suitcase nuclear device (also suitcase nuke, suitcase bomb, backpack nuke, snuke, mini-nuke, and pocket nuke) is a tactical nuclear weapon that is portable enough that it could use a suitcase as its delivery method.

During the 1950s and 1960s both the United States and the Soviet Union developed nuclear weapons small enough to be portable in specially designed backpacks.

Neither the United States nor the Soviet Union have ever made public the existence or development of weapons small enough to fit into a normal-sized suitcase or briefcase. The W48 however, does fit the criteria of small, easily disguised, and portable. Its explosive yield was extremely small for a nuclear weapon.

In the mid-1970s, debate shifted from the possibility of developing such a device for the military to concerns over its possible use in nuclear terrorism. The concept became a staple of the spy thriller genre in the later Cold War era.
Andranofasika
Andranofasika is a rural commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambato-Boeni, which is a part of Boeny Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be 16,971 in 2018.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 85% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is cassava, while other important products are maize and rice.  Services provide employment for 2% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 3% of the population.

Boeny
Boeny is a region in northwestern Madagascar. It borders Sofia Region to the northeast, Betsiboka to the south and Melaky to the southwest. The capital of the region is Mahajanga, and the population was 931,171 in 2018. The area of Boeny is 31,046 km2 (11,987 sq mi).
Bernard Williams (priest)
Christianity portal

Bernard Williams was an Anglican priest. He was the son of the Rev. Henry Williams (1844–?). Bernard was born on 14 December 1869 at Croxton, Norfolk. He went to school at Bury St Edmunds and Norwich.  He matriculated in 1889.

Williams was admitted to Christ's College, Cambridge on 4 April 1889 and graduated B.A. 1892 and  M.A. 1898.

He was ordained deacon at Exeter in 1899 and priest in 1899.  He served  curacies at Chittlehampton, Devon (1899-1902) and at Indwe, Diocese of Grahamstown, (1902-6).  His further career included:

Priest Vicar of Grahamstown Cathedral, 1906–8.

Priest-in-charge of St Saviour's, East London, 1908–14.

Rector of East London, 1914–16.

Dean, Archdeacon, and Rector of the Grahamstown Cathedral 1916–27.

Vicar General of Grahamstown, 1920–7.

Provost and Vicar of Portsmouth, 1927–30.

Rural Dean of Portsmouth, 1928–30.

Honorary Canon of Portsmouth, 1928–35.

Rector of Buriton, Hampshire, 1930–5.

He died in Pietermaritzburg in 1943.

Rural dean
In the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion as well as some Lutheran denominations, a rural dean is a member of clergy who presides over a "rural deanery" (often referred to as a deanery); "ruridecanal" is the corresponding adjective.

The adjective rural does not mean the role is restricted to the countryside, but distinguishes them from the deans of cathedral chapters, which were historically in cities. In some Church of England dioceses rural deans have been formally renamed as area deans.
2013 Challengers League
The 2013 Challengers League was the seventh season of amateur K3 League. The top three clubs of each group qualified for the championship playoffs after the home and away season of two groups (16 matches per team) and the interleague play (9 matches per team). The first and second-placed team in the overall table advanced to final and semi-final respectively, and the other four clubs advanced to the first round. Bucheon FC 1995 and Namyangju United withdrew from the league, but Gimpo Citizen and Hwaseong FC joined the league. Asan United (Yesan Citizen), which had moved its city to Yesan last year, returned to Asan.

Asan
Asan (Korean: 아산; Korean pronunciation: [a.san]) is a city in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. It borders the Seoul Capital Area to the north. Asan has a population of approximately 400,000.

Asan is known for its many hot springs and is a city of spas.

Asan has grown into the neighboring village, Onyang-dong, which is also known for its hot springs.
Gone Baby Gone
Gone Baby Gone is a 2007 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Ben Affleck in his directorial debut. Affleck co-wrote the screenplay with Aaron Stockard based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Dennis Lehane. The film stars Casey Affleck and Michelle Monaghan as two Boston private investigators hunting for a young girl abducted from her single mother's apartment in Dorchester. The supporting cast includes Morgan Freeman, Ed Harris, and Amy Ryan. It was the final film to be released by The Ladd Company before its closure on December 19, 2007.

Released on October 19, 2007, Gone Baby Gone was well-received by critics and grossed $34 million worldwide against a $19 million budget. Ben Affleck was lauded for his directing debut by critics, while Amy Ryan received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
British Columbia Highway 35
Highway 35, the North Francois Highway, is a 23 km (14 mi) long minor spur of the Yellowhead Highway in the Regional District of Bulkley-Nechako. First opened in 1973, Highway 35 provides a connection from the Yellowhead at the community of Burns Lake, south to François Lake, where a ferry connects the highway to the hamlet of Southbank.

François Lake
François Lake in British Columbia is about 30 km (19 mi) south of Burns Lake and 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Fraser Lake. The lake is 110 km (68 mi) long, making it the second longest natural lake entirely within British Columbia after Babine Lake. Nadina River is the inflow of the lake at the west and Stellako River is the outflow of the lake. The lake is popularly fished for its rainbow trout and char.

Because of its shape, the lake was called Nidabun, meaning "lip lake." The French-Canadians  mistook Nidaa for nedo, which meant "whiteman," and named it Lac des Français (meaning Lake of the French). The name Français later was altered to François and is pronounced locally as Francis.
Fredrik Correa
Fredrik Correa (born 8 February 1977) is a Swedish strength training entrepreneur and competitive powerlifter.

He is the CEO and co-founder of the flywheel training company Exxentric since 2011, where he has contributed to developing the kBox and selling it to 60 countries and winning awards for Swedish growth companies. Since 2018 he has been competing in masters classic powerlifting, finalling 1st–5th in Swedish, European and World championships, and he is a frequent podcast guest, lecturer and interviewee in Europe and the Americas within the field of strength training.

Fredrik Correa has a background as physician from Karolinska Institute in Stockholm specialized in dermatology. Before that, he was a junior ice hockey coach, and earned a B.Sc. in sports science at the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences.

Strength training
Strength training, also known as weight training or resistance training, is exercise designed to improve physical strength. It may involve lifting weights, bodyweight exercises (e.g., push-ups, pull-ups, and squats), isometrics (holding a position under tension, like planks), and plyometrics (explosive movements like jump squats and box jumps).

Training works by progressively increasing the force output of the muscles and uses a variety of exercises and types of equipment. Strength training is primarily an anaerobic activity, although circuit training also is a form of aerobic exercise.

Strength training can increase muscle, tendon, and ligament strength as well as bone density, metabolism, and the lactate threshold; improve joint and cardiac function; and reduce the risk of injury in athletes and the elderly. For many sports and physical activities, strength training is central or is used as part of their training regimen.
Armed Forces of Uruguay
The Armed Forces of Uruguay (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas del Uruguay or FF.AA. del Uruguay) consist of the National Army of Uruguay, the National Navy of Uruguay, and the Uruguayan Air Force. These three independent branches are constitutionally subordinate to the President of the Republic through the Minister of Defense. The government has trimmed the armed forces to about 16,800 for the Army; 6,000 for the Navy; and 3,000 for the Air Force. As of February 2003, Uruguay has more than 2,500 soldiers deployed on 12 UN Peacekeeping missions. The largest groups are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Haiti. There is also a 58-man contingent in the MFO in the Sinai.

Multinational Force and Observers
The Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) is an international peacekeeping force overseeing the terms of the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel. The MFO generally operates in and around the Sinai peninsula, ensuring free navigation through the Straits of Tiran and the Gulf of Aqaba, and compliance with the other terms of the Egypt–Israel peace treaty.
Kamilla Carvalho
Kamilla Carvalho is a Brazilian samba dancer who, in 2018, became the first transgender woman to dance as a muse in Rio de Janeiro's Carnival.

She began parading in carnival at age 14, originally with samba school Vizinha Faladeira. In 2008, she paraded with the samba school Acadêmicos do Salgueiro for the first time, and, in 2017, the head of the school, Regina Celi, invited her to dance as muse in the 2018 parade. Celi was a client of Carvalho's in her profession as a hairdresser. The following year, Carvalho was invited to dance as muse for carnival block Cordão da Bola Preta.

Carvalho underwent four surgeries as part of her transition, beginning at age 22. She legally changed her name after she felt humiliated at being misgendered at an airport.

Carnival block
Carnival blocks, carnaval blocos or blocos de rua are street bands that mobilize crowds on the streets and are the main popular expression of Brazilian Carnival. These parades fall under the term "street carnival", and happen during a period of about one month, beginning before and finishing after Carnival. Blocos usually perform Brazilian rhythms, such as marchinha, samba, frevo, maracatu, and axé.
Everyone Hates Elon
Everyone Hates Elon is a British political campaign group. The group formed in 2025 to voice opposition to businessman and US presidential advisor Elon Musk, citing his behaviour in the Department of Government Efficiency, his statements about British politics, and promotion of disinformation. The group creates humorous parody advertisements and viral social media campaigns to communicate their critiques of Musk and other billionaires. Their activities have included distributing posters criticising Musk and Jeff Bezos, as well as establishing a fundraising campaign in support of "causes [Musk] hates". The group also organised an interactive protest event where participants were invited to destroy a Tesla Model S to raise money for food banks.

Senior Advisor to the President of the United States
Senior Advisor to the President is a title used by high-ranking political advisors to the president of the United States. Senior advisors to the president do not have formal government decision making authority, but they can have significant influence over decisions. Their role is to provide strategic advice, analysis, and recommendations to the president on key issues.

White House senior advisors are senior members of the White House Office. The title has been formally used since 1993.