hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Freiland bei Deutschlandsberg
Freiland bei Deutschlandsberg is a former municipality in the district of Deutschlandsberg in the Austrian state of Styria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Deutschlandsberg.

Styria municipal structural reform
The Styria municipal structural reform (German: Steiermärkische Gemeindestrukturreform) was a local government reform in the Austrian state of Styria, which was made effective January 1, 2015. The reform nearly halved the number of Styrian municipalities from 542 to 287. The reform was intended to reduce costs and ease election of new town officials. The terms of the reform is formalized in the Styrian Municipality Structural Reform Act. (StGsrG). The law was adopted on December 17, 2013 by the Landtag of Styria, and promulgated on April 2, 2014.
Bees and toxic chemicals
Bees can suffer serious effects from toxic chemicals in their environments. These include various synthetic chemicals, particularly insecticides, as well as a variety of naturally occurring chemicals from plants, such as ethanol resulting from the fermentation of organic materials. Bee intoxication can result from exposure to ethanol from fermented nectar, ripe fruits, and manmade and natural chemicals in the environment.

The effects of alcohol on bees are sufficiently similar to the effects of alcohol on humans that honey bees have been used as models of human ethanol intoxication. The metabolism of bees and humans is sufficiently different that bees can safely collect nectars from plants that contain compounds toxic to humans. The honey produced by bees from these toxic nectars can be poisonous if consumed by humans. In addition, natural processes can introduce toxic substances into honey produced from nontoxic nectar.

Sobralia
Sobralia is a genus of orchids native to Mexico, Central and South America. The plants are more commonly terrestrial, but are also found growing epiphytically, in wet forests from sea level to about 8,800 ft. The genus was named for Dr. Francisco Sobral, a Spanish botanist. The genus is abbreviated Sob in trade journals.

Their reed-like stems range in height from about 1 ft (33 cm) (such as in Sobralia galeottiana) to 44 ft. (13.4 m) (in Sobralia altissima). They have typically heavily veined, bilobed, plicate, apical leaves all along the stem. The inflorescences on the apex of the stem carry one or two successive ephemeral flowers with large sepals and petals. The short duration of the flower is caused by a self-digesting enzyme. The lip is entire or lobed and clasps the column at its base. This columns carries eight soft pollinia. These flowers range in color from pure white to yellow, green, pink, purple, red, brown, and even a blue violet.
Paul Stevens (cricketer)
Paul James Stevens (born 31 July 1973) is a former English cricketer, born in Eastbourne, Sussex. A right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper, he played a few times for Sussex County Cricket Club's Second XI in 1992, and made eight List A appearances for the Sussex Cricket Board team between 1998 and 2002, all in the NatWest Trophy and its successor the C&G Trophy.

His highest score was a 62 against Shropshire in 2001. His last game was in 2002 when he sent down three overs for 18 runs without taking a wicket. He took 11 catches, and made one stumping, the latter being that of Herefordshire's Neeraj Prabhu.

Shropshire County Cricket Club
Shropshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Shropshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Shropshire played List A matches occasionally from 1974 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays at Shrewsbury and around the county at Bridgnorth, Oswestry, Shifnal, Wellington, and Whitchurch.
Next Generation Missile Vessels
Next Generation Missile Vessels (NGMVs) are a planned class of anti-surface warfare corvettes for the Indian Navy. Under this programme the Indian Navy intends to acquire six advanced missile vessels. Ships in this class will be armed with anti-ship missile or land-attack missile like BrahMos. Ships under this class will feature advanced stealth features like a low radar cross section (RCS), infrared, acoustic and magnetic signatures.

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
William Robert Whatton
William Robert Whatton FRS, FSA (17 February 1790, in Loughborough – 5 December 1835, in Portland Place) was a British surgeon and antiquarian.

He was qualified MCRS on 11 March 1810.
He served at Da Graça Hospital, Lisbon, treating the wounded from the Battle of Albuera. He treated the wounded from the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812), and the Siege of Badajoz (1812).

He was appointed resident to the Poorhouse, Manchester.
On 15 September 1830 he attended William Huskisson, who had been struck by a train and died. He was elected staff of the Manchester Royal Infirmary in 1833.

William Huskisson
William Huskisson PC (11 March 1770 – 15 September 1830) was a British statesman, financier, and Member of Parliament for several constituencies, including Liverpool.

He is commonly known as the world's first widely reported railway passenger casualty, since he was run over and fatally injured by Robert Stephenson's pioneering locomotive Rocket at the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1830. However, a number of fatal railway accidents had already occurred before this.
Graham Healy
Graham John Healy (born 18 August 1956) is a former Australian politician. He was the National Party member for Toowoomba North in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1992 to 2001.

Healy was born in Toowoomba and was a radio broadcaster and political commentator before his election. Having been elected to parliament in 1992, he was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Families, Youth and Community Care from February to June 1998. Following the Coalition's defeat at that year's election, he became Shadow Minister for Tourism, Sport and Racing, moving to Small Business in February 1999. Healy was defeated at the 2001 state election.

Electoral district of Toowoomba North
Toowoomba North is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland. It was created with the 1972 redistribution. It replaced the abolished electorate of Toowoomba West. Toowoomba North is largely based around the upper half of the city of Toowoomba.

It covers the suburbs north of James Street, including Newtown, Wilsonton, Mount Lofty, etc. It also includes the urban fringe area of Blue Mountain Heights, the satellite town of Highfields and Spring Bluff. It excludes certain western localities of Toowoomba, which are in the Electoral district of Condamine.

The electorate is currently represented by Trevor Watts of the Liberal National Party of Queensland.
King's Orange Rangers
The King's Orange Rangers, also known as the Corps of King's Orange Rangers, were a British Loyalist battalion, raised in 1776 to defend British interests in Orange County, Province of New York and generally in and around the New York colony, although they saw most of their service in the Province of Nova Scotia. The battalion's commander was Lieutenant Colonel John Bayard. The Rangers had an undistinguished military record, through most of its existence, and saw very limited combat, mostly against Patriot privateers, but did play an important role in the defence of the colony of Nova Scotia in the later years of the American Revolution. The King's Orange Rangers are especially remembered for their role in the defence of Liverpool, in the Nova Scotia colony.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge
The Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in northern Idaho. It is about 20 miles (32 km) from the Canada–United States border and 5 miles (8.0 km) from the town of Bonners Ferry. It is bordered by the Selkirk Mountains to the west, the Kootenai River to the east, and state lands to the south.

The refuge provides diverse habitat types, especially wetlands and hardwood and coniferous forest. It was established to preserve migration habitat for waterfowl, and more than 300 species of vertebrates inhabit the area, including coyote, Grizzly bear, elk, bald eagle, Great horned owl, cinnamon bear, moose, beaver, kestrel, river otter, red-tailed hawk, white-tailed deer, thirteen species of bats, northern harrier, and black bear.

The refuge has a surface area of 2,774 acres (11.23 km2).

North American beaver
The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) is one of two extant beaver species, along with the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). It is native to North America and has been introduced in South America (Patagonia) and Europe (primarily Finland and Karelia). The North American beaver is one of the national symbols of Canada and the official state mammal of Oregon and New York. North American (Canadian) beavers are widespread across the continental United States, Canada, southern Alaska, and some parts of northern Mexico.

In Canada and the United States, the North American beaver is often referred to simply as "beaver", although this can cause some confusion because another distantly related rodent, Aplodontia rufa, is often called the "mountain beaver". Other vernacular names, including American beaver and Canadian beaver, distinguish this species from the other extant beaver species, Castor fiber, which is native to Eurasia.
Okupas
Okupas is an Argentine television series, starring Rodrigo de la Serna, Diego Alonso Gómez, Ariel Staltari and Franco Tirri. It won four Martín Fierro Awards.

It was written and directed by Bruno Stagnaro. It was first aired in 2000 on Canal 7 and was a great success in the Argentine television. Since then it was aired by many television channels and since July 2021 it is available on Netflix.

The series follows a group of four friends who live in a squatted house discovering new experiences dealing with the police and gangs. It is considered an Argentine cult classic.

Televisión Pública
Televisión Pública (Public Television, abbreviated TVP, callsign LS 82 TV Canal 7) is a publicly owned Argentine television network, the national public broadcaster. It began broadcasting in 1951, when LR3 Radio Belgrano Televisión channel 7 in Buenos Aires, its key station and the first television station in the country, signed on the air.
William Missingham
William Thomas Missingham (15 May 1868 – 1 February 1933) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Jamberoo to farmer David Missingham and Priscilla, née Noble. Educated at Jamberoo and Kiama, he moved to the Richmond River area in 1890 to manage the Pearce Creek butter factory and, in 1898, became a dairy farmer. On 25 November 1891, he married Margaret Elizabeth Dorrough, with whom he had four children. He served on Terania Shire Council from 1906 to 1922 and as president from 1909 to 1922; he was also vice-president (1914–17) and president (1918–22) of the Shires Association of New South Wales. In 1922, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as a Progressive member for Byron; he was the party's deputy leader from 1925 to 1932 (it had become the Country Party in 1927). With the re-introduction of single-member districts in 1927, he became member for Lismore. Missingham held his seat until his death at Croydon in 1933.

Electoral district of Byron
Byron was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales created in 1913, replacing Rous, and named after Cape Byron. With the introduction of proportional representation in 1920, Byron absorbed Lismore and Clarence and elected three members. With the end of proportional representation in 1927, it was redivided into the single-member electorates of Byron, Lismore and Clarence. In 1988, Byron was replaced by Ballina and Murwillumbah.
College Navigator
College Navigator is a consumer tool created by the US Department of Education and its National Center for Education Statistics so that people can evaluate US colleges that receive Title IV funds.  College Navigator includes institutional data on programs offered, retention and graduation rates, prices, aid available, degrees awarded, campus safety, student loan defaults and accreditation.

Student loan
A student loan is a type of loan designed to help students pay for tertiary education and the associated fees, such as tuition, books and supplies, and living expenses. It may differ from other types of loans in the fact that the interest rate may be substantially lower and the repayment schedule may be deferred while the student is still in school. It also differs in many countries in the strict laws regulating renegotiating and bankruptcy. This article highlights the differences of the student loan system in several major countries. The financial risk of student loan defaults can be carried by the tertiary education institution.

A student loan is one of many forms of student financial aid.
Aortic hiatus
The aortic hiatus is a midline: 185  opening in the posterior part of the diaphragm giving passage to the descending aorta as well as the thoracic duct, and variably the azygos and hemiazygos veins. It is the lowest and most posterior of the large apertures.

It is located at the level of the inferior border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (T12), posterior to the median arcuate ligament: 185  between the two crura of the diaphragm.

Thoracic vertebrae
In vertebrates, thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the vertebral column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae. In humans, there are twelve thoracic vertebrae of intermediate size between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae; they increase in size going towards the lumbar vertebrae. They are distinguished by the presence of facets on the sides of the bodies for articulation with the heads of the ribs, as well as facets on the transverse processes of all, except the eleventh and twelfth, for articulation with the tubercles of the ribs. By convention, the human thoracic vertebrae are numbered T1–T12, with the first one (T1) located closest to the skull and the others going down the spine toward the lumbar region.
Friedman rule
The Friedman rule is a monetary policy rule proposed by Milton Friedman. Friedman advocated monetary policy that would result in the nominal interest rate being at or very near zero. His rationale was that the opportunity cost of holding money faced by private agents should equal the social cost of creating additional fiat money. Assuming that the marginal cost of creating additional money is zero (or approximated by zero), nominal rates of interest should also be zero. In practice, this means that a central bank should seek a rate of inflation or deflation equal to the real interest rate on government bonds and other safe assets, to make the nominal interest rate zero.

The result of this policy is that those who hold money do not suffer any loss in the value of that money due to inflation. The rule is motivated by long-run efficiency considerations.

This is not to be confused with Friedman's k-percent rule which advocates a constant yearly expansion of the monetary base.

Social cost
Social cost in neoclassical economics is the sum of the private costs resulting from a transaction and the costs imposed on the consumers as a consequence of being exposed to the transaction for which they are not compensated or charged. In other words, it is the sum of private and external costs. This might be applied to any number of economic problems: for example, social cost of carbon has been explored to better understand the costs of carbon emissions for proposed economic solutions such as a carbon tax.

Private costs refer to direct costs to the producer for producing the good or service. Social cost includes these private costs and the additional costs (or external costs) associated with the production of the good which are not accounted for by the free market. In short, when the consequences of an action cannot be taken by the initiator, we will have external costs in the society. We will have private costs when initiator can take responsibility for agent's action.
2021 Astana Open – Men's singles
John Millman was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to James Duckworth.

Kwon Soon-woo won his first ATP Tour title, defeating Duckworth in the final, 7–6(8–6), 6–3. Kwon became the first South Korean player to win a title at ATP Tour level since Lee Hyung-taik in the 2003 Sydney tournament.

Lee Hyung-taik
Lee Hyung-taik (Korean: 이형택, born 3 January 1976) is a former professional tennis player from South Korea. He won one singles title and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 36, in August 2007.
Naples metropolitan railway service
The Naples Metropolitan Railway Service (Italian: Servizio ferroviario metropolitano di Napoli), is a commuter rail system serving the metropolitan area of Naples, Italy. The system comprises 7 lines operated by Ente Autonomo Volturno and 1 line (Line 2) operated by Trenitalia, serving 129 stations.

Line 2 also has same regional extensions which reach Formia, Capua, Castellamare and Salerno.

Castellammare di Stabia
Castellammare di Stabia (Italian: [kaˌstɛllamˈmaːre di ˈstaːbja]; Neapolitan: Castiellammare 'e Stabbia) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania region, in southern Italy. It is situated on the Bay of Naples about 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Naples, on the route to Sorrento.
Mary Kiffmeyer
Mary Kiffmeyer (born December 29, 1946) is an American politician. She served as Minnesota Secretary of State from 1999 to 2007 and went on to serve in the Minnesota legislature. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, she previously represented District 30, which included parts of Hennepin, Sherburne, and Wright counties.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
Epsilon Eta
Epsilon Eta (ΕΗ), also known as Ep Eta, is an American professional gender-inclusive fraternity for students interested in careers in environmental science and sustainability. It was founded in 2006 at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. It was the first national environmental fraternity in the United States and has grown to include chapters across the United States. There is no national organizational structure as of December 2024.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
Kjetil Bjerkestrand
Kjetil Bjerkestrand (born 18 May 1955) is a Norwegian keyboardist, composer, arranger and record producer known as music arranger for artists like Ray Charles, Dee Dee Bridgewater, Keith Emerson, Ian Hunter, Jon Lord, Ute Lemper and a-ha. As a musician, he has participated in recordings with a-ha, Ray Charles, Ute Lemper, Ian Hunter, Dance with a Stranger, DumDum Boys, Jonas Fjeld Band, Marius Müller, TNT, Arve Tellefsen, Bobbysocks, Bjørn Eidsvåg, Carola Häggkvist and Dee Dee Bridgewater.

DumDum Boys
DumDum Boys are a Norwegian rock band from Trondheim, formed in 1979 and originally known as Wannskrækk. The band is one of the most successful Norwegian rock acts of all time, and are considered one of the "big four" bands who popularized modern rock with Norwegian lyrics in the 1980s alongside Jokke & Valentinerne, Raga Rockers and DeLillos.
Still life of 1950–1990s: the Leningrad School
Retrospective Exhibition "Still life of 1950–1990s. The Leningrad School" (Russian: Натюрморт в живописи 1950-1990-х годов. Ленинградская школа) became one of the most notable event in the exhibition live of 1997 year. The Exhibition took place in Saint Petersburg in the Memorial Museum of Nikolai A. Nekrasov. There were exhibited 56 art works from private collections of 25 importrant masters of this genre.

Piotr Alberti
Piotr Filipovich Alberti (Russian: Пéтр Фили́ппович Альбе́рти; November 25, 1913  – October 7, 1994) was a Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.