hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CD28 family receptor
CD28 family receptors are a group of regulatory cell surface receptors expressed on immune cells. The CD28 family in turn is a subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily.

Two family members, CD28 and ICOS, act as positive regulators of T cell function while another three, BTLA, CTLA-4 and PD-1 act as inhibitors. Ligands for the CD28 receptor family include B7 family proteins.

CD28 receptors play a role in the development and proliferation of T cells. The CD28 receptors enhance signals from the T cell receptors (TCR) in order to stimulate an immune response and an anti-inflammatory response on regulatory T cells. Through the promotion of T cell function, CD28 receptors allow effector T cells to combat regulatory T cell-mediated suppression from adaptive immunity. CD28 receptors also elicit the prevention of spontaneous autoimmunity.

BTLA
B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator or BTLA (also known as cluster of differentiation 272 or CD272) is a protein that belongs to the CD28 immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) which is encoded by the BTLA gene located on the 3rd human chromosome. BTLA was first discovered in 2003 as an inhibitor of Th1 expansion and it became the 3rd member of the CD28 IgSF. However, its discovered ligand herpes virus entry mediator or HVEM (also known as tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 or TNFRSF14) belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). This finding was surprising because until the discovery of HVEM it was believed that receptors and ligands always belong to the same family.
1996 Parliament House riot
The 1996 Parliament House riot (also called the Canberra riot), involved a physical attack on Parliament House, Canberra, Australia, on 19 August 1996. The riot followed the "Cavalcade to Canberra" protest rally organised by the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) against the Howard government's first Budget following the 1996 Australian federal election. The demonstrators injured 90 people while forcing their way into the Parliamentary foyer, looting the Parliamentary shop, attacking police and inflicting other damage on the building.

Cheryl Kernot
Cheryl Zena Kernot (née Paton, formerly Young; born 5 December 1948) is an Australian politician, academic, and political activist. She was a member of the Australian Senate representing Queensland for the Australian Democrats from 1990 to 1997, and the fifth leader of the Australian Democrats from 1993 to 1997. In 1997, she resigned from the Australian Democrats, joined the Australian Labor Party, and won the seat of Dickson at the 1998 federal election. She was defeated at the 2001 federal election. Kernot was an unsuccessful independent candidate to represent New South Wales in the Australian Senate in the 2010 federal election.
The Last of the Real Ones
"The Last of the Real Ones" is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on September 14, 2017 in North America and September 15, 2017 worldwide. It was released as the third single from the band's seventh studio album, Mania (2018). The song was played live on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on September 18, 2017, after being debuted at House of Blues in Chicago on September 16.

The song was released to alternative radio on May 1, 2018. On June 28, 2018, a remix was released featuring Bülow and MadeinTYO.

The song is featured in the soundtrack of NBA 2K19.

MadeinTYO
Malcolm Jamaal Davis (born April 12, 1992), better known by his stage name MadeinTYO (pronounced Made in Tokyo), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is best known for his 2016 single "Uber Everywhere", which peaked at number 51 on the Billboard Hot 100. It spawned a remixed version featuring Travis Scott, which served as lead single for his debut mixtape, You Are Forgiven (2016). His debut studio album, Sincerely, Tokyo (2018), peaked at number 98 on the Billboard 200.
Anthracite coal strike of 1902
The Coal strike of 1902 (also known as the anthracite coal strike) was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coalfields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners struck for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to major American cities. At that time, residences were typically heated with anthracite or "hard" coal, which produces higher heat value and less smoke than "soft" or bituminous coal.

The strike never resumed, as the miners received a 10 percent wage increase and reduced workdays from ten to nine hours; the owners got a higher price for coal and did not recognize the trade union as a bargaining agent. It was the first labor dispute in which the U.S. federal government and President Theodore Roosevelt intervened as a neutral arbitrator.

Labor dispute
A labor dispute is a disagreement between an employer and employees regarding the terms of employment. This could include disputes regarding conditions of employment, fringe benefits, hours of work, tenure, and wages to be negotiated during collective bargaining, imposed through interest arbitration, or the implementation of already agreed upon terms. It could further concern the association or representation of those who negotiate or seek to negotiate the terms or conditions of employment.
Lisa Darmanin (sailor)
Lisa Darmanin (born 27 August 1991) is an Australian competitive sailor.

She won the Silver medal  in the mixed Nacra 17 at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.

In March 2020, Darmanin and fellow crew member Jason Waterhouse were selected to represent Australia for sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, where they placed fifth.

Darmanin was recognized by Australian Sailing as Australian Female Sailor of the Year in 2015, 2016, 2020, and 2021.

Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Sailing competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo took place from 25 July to 4 August 2021 at the Enoshima Yacht Harbor in Enoshima. The venue was also used for the 1964 Olympic Games although significantly regenerated, the IOC now encouraging regeneration, cost reductions and sustainability. The RS:X, Laser, Laser Radial, Finn, 470, 49er, 49erFX, and Nacra17 are all returning for 2020; there are no significant changes to the Olympic programme from 2016.
René Émard
René Émard (1 September 1914 – 7 June 1984) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Châteauguay, Quebec and worked as a unionist. He served during the Second World War in the Régiment de Maisonneuve and the Régiment de la Chaudière.  He was a member of the Canadian occupation force in the Netherlands.

He was first elected in the riding of Vaudreuil—Soulanges in the 1963 general election and re-elected there in 1965. In the 1968 election, he was elected to a third term in the district of Vaudreuil.  Émard retired from Parliament in 1972.  He served as mayor of L'Île-Perrot, Quebec from 1977 to 1981.

Régiment de Maisonneuve
Le Régiment de Maisonneuve is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Forces.
The regiment is Canada's twenty-sixth most senior reserve infantry regiment, and comprises one battalion serving as part of 34 Canadian Brigade Group. The unit was formed in 1880 as the 85th Battalion of the Non-Permanent Active Militia, and was renamed in 1920 in honour of Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, the founder of Montreal. The regiment's 1st Battalion fought in northwest Europe during the Second World War.
Neo Ranga
Neo Ranga (Japanese: 南海奇皇 (ネオランガ), Hepburn: Nankai Kiou (Neoranga)) is an anime television series created by screenwriter Shō Aikawa, Studio Pierrot, and Pony Canyon. It consists of two seasons, totaling forty-eight episodes. The story is about three orphaned sisters who have, through a mysterious twist of fate, inherited their very own god—the 18 m (59 ft) tall Neo Ranga.

Neo Ranga was originally aired in Japan as part of the omnibus show Anime Complex. ADV Films licensed the anime in English.

Yūko Miyamura
Yūko Miyamura (宮村 優子, Miyamura Yūko; born December 4, 1972), also known by her nickname Miyamū (みやむー), is a Japanese actress, voice actress, singer and sound director. She played Kazuha Toyama in Detective Conan, Casca in Berserk and Asuka Langley Soryu in Neon Genesis Evangelion.
Peter Ingram Weir
Peter Ingram Weir (1864–1943) was a Scottish artist noted for his watercolour paintings of Scottish landscapes.

He exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy and the Royal Institute of Painters in Watercolours between 1885 and 1888.

His best known work is perhaps his pair of watercolours depicting Granton Pier in the late 19th century, which were discovered in a second hand shop in Australia before being sold at Shapes auction house, Edinburgh in 2013.

Royal Scottish Academy
The Royal Scottish Academy (RSA) is the country's national academy of art. It promotes contemporary Scottish art.

The Academy was founded in 1826 by eleven artists meeting in Edinburgh. Originally named the Scottish Academy, it became the Royal Scottish Academy on being granted a royal charter in 1838.

The RSA maintains a unique position in the country as an independently funded institution led by eminent artists and architects to promote and support the creation, understanding, and enjoyment of visual arts through exhibitions and related educational events.
Statue of Sherlock Holmes, London
A statue of Sherlock Holmes by the sculptor John Doubleday stands near the supposed site of 221B Baker Street, the fictional detective's address in London. Unveiled on 23 September 1999, the sculpture was funded by the Abbey National building society, whose headquarters were on the purported site of the famous address. As no site was available on Baker Street itself the statue was installed outside Baker Street tube station, on Marylebone Road. Doubleday had previously produced a statue of Holmes for the town of Meiringen in Switzerland, below the Reichenbach Falls whence the detective fell to his apparent death in the 1893 story "The Final Problem".

Baker Street
Baker Street is a street in the Marylebone district of the City of Westminster. It is named after builder William Baker. The area was originally high class residential, but now is mainly occupied by commercial premises.

The street is referenced in multiple popular works. Fictional detective Sherlock Holmes lived at 221B Baker Street, a fictional address on the north of the street. A 1978 hit song by Gerry Rafferty was titled "Baker Street".
Richard Bourke
General Sir Richard Bourke (4 May 1777 – 12 August 1855) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator who served as the governor of New South Wales from 1831 to 1837.  As a lifelong Whig (liberal), he encouraged the emancipation of convicts and helped bring forward the ending of penal transportation to Australia. In this, he faced strong opposition from the landlord establishment and its press. He approved a new settlement on the Yarra River, and named it Melbourne, in honour of the incumbent British prime minister, Lord Melbourne.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
Garnica
Garnica is a Basque surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ámbar Garnica, Mexican freestyle wrestler

Brayan Garnica (born 1996), Mexican footballer

Manuel Garnica (born 1974), Mexican boxer

Manuel Garnica Roldán (born 1978), Spanish paralympic athlete

Paloma Sánchez-Garnica (born 1962), Spanish writer

Manuel Garnica (runner)
Manuel Garnica Roldán  (born August 25, 1978) is a Spanish Paralympic athlete competing mainly in category T12 long-distance track and field events.  He has a vision impairment, retinitis pigmentosa, a degenerative disease. Garnica competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics where he finished sixth in the T12 marathon and had a DNF in the 10,000 meter race.  He has competed in a number of other races, most in Spain. At 2011 IPC World Athletics Championships in Christchurch, he finished fourth in the marathon.
Cl-4AS-1
Cl-4AS-1 is a dual anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) and 5α-reductase inhibitor. It is a potent and selective full agonist of the androgen receptor (IC50 = 12 nM) and inhibitor of 5α-reductase types I and II (IC50 = 6 and 10 nM, respectively). Structurally, Cl-4AS-1 is a 4-azasteroid.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Nic Dowd
Nicholas Dowd (born May 27, 1990) is an American and professional ice hockey player who is a forward for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Los Angeles Kings in the seventh round, 198th overall, of the 2009 NHL entry draft.

A native of Huntsville, Alabama, Dowd is the third NHL player (after Jared Ross and Aud Tuten) who is from the state of Alabama.

Aud Tuten
Audley Kendrick Tuten (January 14, 1914 – May 7, 1994) was an American-born Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 39 games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks during the 1941–42 and 1942–43 seasons. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1934 to 1949, was spent in various minor leagues. Tuten was born in Enterprise, Alabama, and was raised in Saltcoats, Saskatchewan.
1998 Malta International Football Tournament
The 1998 Malta International Football Tournament  (known as the Rothmans Tournament for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth edition of the Malta International Tournament. The competition was played between 6 and 10 February, with games hosted at the National Stadium in Ta' Qali.

Rothmans International
Rothmans International PLC was a British tobacco manufacturer. Its brands included Rothmans, Player's and Dunhill, all of which are still sold (mainly by British American Tobacco). Its international headquarters were in Hill Street, Mayfair, London, and its international operations were run from Denham Place in Denham Village, Buckinghamshire.

The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, but it was acquired by British American Tobacco in 1999. Its business was the strongest in the whole of Europe.
Looking for Richard
Looking for Richard is a 1996 American documentary film directed by Al Pacino, in his directorial debut. It is a hybrid film, including both a filmed performance of selected scenes of William Shakespeare's Richard III and a documentary element which explores a broader examination of Shakespeare's continuing role and relevance in popular culture. The film was featured at the Sundance Film Festival in January 1996 and it was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival. Al Pacino won the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Documentaries.

Penelope Allen
Penelope Allen, also known as Penny Allen, (born January 29, 1941) is an American stage and film actress and acting coach.  She is best known as the head bank teller being held hostage in the film Dog Day Afternoon. She also played Annie, the ex-wife of Francis Lionel "Lion" Delbuchi in the film Scarecrow.
Signaling (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, signaling is the use of signals for controlling communications. This may constitute an information exchange concerning the establishment and control of a telecommunication circuit and the management of the network.

Telecommunication circuit
A telecommunication circuit is a path in a telecommunications network used to transmit information. Circuits have evolved from generally being built on physical connections between individual hardware cables, as in an analog phone switch, to virtual circuits established over packet switching networks.
Peter Mihálik
Peter Mihálik (born 30 September 1976) is a Slovak para table tennis player who competes in international table tennis competitions. He is a Paralympic bronze medalist and a four-time European medalist.

Mihálik was a footballer who played in the Czech league at FK Chmel Blšany and was trained by Miroslav Beránek. In July 2001, he became a paraplegic after being involved in a car accident, he had only signed a contract with FK Senica a month earlier.

FK Senica
FK Senica (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈseɲitsa]) is a Slovak football team, based in the town of Senica. The club was founded in 1921. The club played in the Slovak First Football League, before being declared bankrupt in May 2022. The team currently plays in the 6th tier of Slovak football.
Omar Khribin
Omar Khribin (Arabic: عمر خربين, also spelled Kharbin or Kh'rbin; born 15 January 1994) is a Syrian professional footballer who plays as a forward or a winger for Emirati Club Al-Wahda and the Syria national team.

In 2017, Khribin became the first Syrian ever to win the Asian Footballer of the Year. He has also won the 2019 AFC Champions League with Al Hilal and has plied his trade in Iraq, UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

UAE League Cup
The UAE League Cup (Arabic: كأس رابطة المحترفين الإماراتية) is a knockout tournament for clubs in the UAE Pro-League. The first edition of the tournament was played in the 2008–2009 season.

In the 2008–09 season, UAE League Cup replaced the UAE Federation Cup and became a second tier tournament, initially under the name of Etisalat Cup in 2008–2013 and Arabian Gulf Cup in 2013–2021 for sponsorship reasons.
Bob Blasi
Robert L. Blasi (September 24, 1930 – September 27, 2023) was an American football coach.  He was the head coach at University of Northern Colorado in Greeley, Colorado from 1966 to 1984, compiling a record of 107–71–3. He produced many good teams in his 18 years as head coach, but the best was the 1969 squad, which finished 10–0, won the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference title and was ranked No. 3 in the final United Press International poll. Blasi was inducted into the Colorado Sports Hall of Fame in 2010. He died in Littleton, Colorado on September 27, 2023, three days after his 93rd birthday.

Greeley, Colorado
Greeley is the home rule city that is the county seat of, and the most populous municipality in, Weld County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 108,795 at the 2020 United States census, an increase of 17.12% since the 2010 United States census. Greeley is the tenth most populous city in Colorado. Greeley is the principal city of the Greeley, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and is a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor. Greeley is located in northern Colorado and is situated 49 miles (79 km) north-northeast of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver. The city is a college town, home to the University of Northern Colorado and Aims Community College.
2007–08 Lebanese Second Division
The 2007–08 Lebanese Second Division was the 74th season of the Second Division league which featured 14 clubs. Two of these teams were eligible for promotion to the top league of Lebanese football, the Lebanese Premier League, while two of the 14 teams had to face relegation to the Lebanese Third Division for the 2007–08 Season.

Salam Zgharta and Shabab Al-Ghazieh were promoted to the Lebanese Premier League, having finished respectively in first and second place.

Lebanese Third Division
The Lebanese Third Division (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الدرجة الثالثة) is the third division of Lebanese football, and is controlled by the Lebanese Football Association.

The 23 teams are divided into four groups of six teams each (one group has 5 teams); the first two teams of each group qualify to the playoffs and the first two teams of these playoffs qualify to the Lebanese Second Division and replace the relegated teams. On the other hand, the last two teams will be submitted to the playoffs that will decide which two of these four teams will be relegated to the Lebanese Fourth Division.
1966 NCAA University Division football rankings
Two human polls comprised the 1966 NCAA University Division football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Didymo in New Zealand
In 2004 Didymosphenia geminata, a diatom commonly known as didymo or rock snot, was discovered in New Zealand, the first time it was found in the Southern Hemisphere. To restrict its spread, the whole of the South Island of New Zealand was declared a controlled area in December 2005. All items, such as boats, fishing gear, clothing, and vehicles, that have been in a stream, river or lake, must be cleaned before they enter another waterway. Biosecurity New Zealand working with Environment Southland, AgriQuality and Fish and Game New Zealand launched an extensive public awareness campaign to encourage river users to clean their equipment after use in affected waterways. This campaign was highly successful, with 99% of freshwater users surveyed in 2008 in the South Island being aware of didymo.

Environment Southland
Environment Southland (Māori: Te Taiao Tonga) is the southernmost regional council in New Zealand, administering the Southland Region, including Stewart Island. In 2006, it had an operating revenue of NZ$19.6 million, NZ$7.1 million of this from rates revenue.

The regional council is chaired by Jeremy McPhail, with Phil Morrison as his deputy. They were elected by their fellow councillors at the inaugural meeting of the new council on 29 October 2025 following the 2025 local elections.
Naam (2024 film)
Naam - The Missing Identity (also known as 'Benaam) is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film co-written and directed by Anees Bazmee and produced by Anil Roongta. It stars Ajay Devgn, Sameera Reddy, Bhumika Chawla, Rahul Dev, Shriya Sharma, Yashpal Sharma, Vijay Raaz, Rajpal Yadav, Mukesh Tiwari and Sharat Saxena. It was shot on 20 November 2004 and initially scheduled for a release on 25 February 2005. However, due to various reasons, its release was delayed for nearly 22 years. The film was released on 22 November 2024 to mixed reviews.

Mukesh Tiwari
Mukesh Tiwari is an Indian actor, who has worked predominantly in Bollywood and few Tamil, Punjabi, Kannada and Telugu films. He is known for playing negative and comic side roles. He graduated from National School of Drama in 1994. He entered the film industry in the year 1998 with the movie China Gate. He is known for his works in The Legend of Bhagat Singh, Gangaajal and Golmaal as Vasooli.
René Pomeau
René Pomeau (20 February 1917 in Beautiran – 26 February 2000 in Clamart) was an eminent French scholar of eighteenth-century French literature generally recognised as one of the most expert authorities on Voltaire by the time of his death in 2000. His son is Yves Pomeau.

Clamart
Clamart (French pronunciation: [klamaʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 8.7 km (5.4 mi) from the centre of Paris.

The town is divided into two parts, separated by a forest: bas Clamart, the historical centre, and petit Clamart with urbanization developed in the 1960s replacing pea fields. The canton of Clamart includes only a part of the commune. The other part of the commune belongs to the canton of Le Plessis-Robinson.