hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Truth-bearer
A truth-bearer is an entity that is said to be either true or false and nothing else. The thesis that some things are true while others are false has led to different theories about the nature of these entities.  Since there is divergence of opinion on the matter, the term truth-bearer is used to be neutral among the various theories.  Truth-bearer candidates include propositions, sentences, sentence-tokens, statements, beliefs, thoughts, intuitions, utterances, and judgements but different authors exclude one or more of these, deny their existence, argue that they are true only in a derivative sense, assert or assume that the terms are synonymous,
or seek to avoid addressing their distinction or do not clarify it.

Intuition
Intuition is the ability to acquire knowledge without recourse to conscious reasoning or needing an explanation. Different fields use the word "intuition" in very different ways, including but not limited to: direct access to unconscious knowledge; unconscious cognition; gut feelings; inner sensing; inner insight to unconscious pattern-recognition; and the ability to understand something instinctively, without any need for conscious reasoning. Intuitive knowledge tends to be approximate or heuristic.

The word intuition comes from the Latin verb intueri translated as 'consider' or from the Late Middle English word intuit, 'to contemplate'. Use of intuition is sometimes referred to as responding to a "gut feeling" or "trusting your gut".
Eleutherozoa
Eleutherozoa is a subphylum of echinoderms. They are mobile animals with the mouth directed towards the substrate. They usually have a madreporite, tube feet, and moveable spines of some sort. It includes all living echinoderms except for crinoids.  The monophyly of Eleutherozoa has been proven sufficiently well to be considered "uncontroversial."

Tube feet
Tube feet (technically podia) are small active tubular projections on the oral face of an echinoderm, such as the arms of a starfish, or the undersides of sea urchins, sand dollars and sea cucumbers; they are more discreet though present on brittle stars, and have only a feeding function in feather stars. They are part of the water vascular system.
Mick Malone (soldier)
Michael John Malone, OAM (born 27 April 1947) is an Australian writer and former soldier, who served in the Australian Army from the age of nineteen until his retirement in 1992. Malone served with the Special Air Service Regiment for most of his career, including a single tour of duty to the Vietnam War in 1969–70. In 1989, Malone was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) for service to the Australian Army.

Nui Dat
Nui Dat (Núi Đất) is the former military base of the 1st Australian Task Force (1 ATF) now part of Ba Ria city in Ba Ria–Vung Tau province, Vietnam. It is not the name of an official ward, it just means "land hill" or "soil hill" (núi đất).
Imperfect Us
Imperfect Us (Chinese: 不夠善良的我們; pinyin: Búgòu shànliáng de wǒmen) is a 2024 original Taiwanese television series directed by Mag Hsu. The series stars Ariel Lin, Tiffany Hsu, Mike He, and Kai Ko. The series was released on April 6, 2024.

Kai Ko
Kai Ko Chen-tung (Chinese: 柯震東; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Koa Chìn-tong; born Ko Chia-kai on 18 June 1991) is a Taiwanese actor, singer and film director. Ko rose to fame with You Are the Apple of My Eye (2011), for which he won Best New Actor at the 48th Golden Horse Awards and the 12th Chinese Film Media Awards. He released his debut studio album, Be Yourself, the same year. Following the success of the Tiny Times film series, his career was disrupted in 2014 when he was arrested in Beijing for marijuana possession, leading to a ban from mainland China. He returned to acting with The Road to Mandalay (2016) in Taiwan.
Flemming Rasmussen (strongman)
Flemming Rasmussen (12 March 1968 – 13 July 2024) was a Danish strongman competitor and powerlifter. He competed in the World's Strongest Man contest several times, finishing in 5th place in 1995 and 4th in 1996. His best result came in 1997 when he finished 2nd, but he had been leading by four points over eventual champion Jouko Ahola before the final two events. However, sixth-place finishes in both of the final two disciplines allowed Ahola to overturn the deficit. Flemming won the title of Denmark's Strongest Man 7 times from 1995-2000 and in  2003, and won the Danish Powerlifting title in 1993 and 1994. Before competing as a strongman, Rasmussen was Danish ten-pin bowling champion. Rasmussen died on 13 July 2024, at the age of 56.

Jouko Ahola
Jouko Ahola (born 1 December 1970) is a Finnish former strongman, powerlifter and actor. He is a two times World's Strongest Man winner, a two times Europe's Strongest Man winner, and a World Muscle Power Classic winner.

With a career 48% international winning percentage with 12 wins, he is also regarded as one of the best pound for pound strongmen in history.
Winter flounder
The winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), also known as the black back, is a right-eyed ("dextral") flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is native to coastal waters of the western north Atlantic coast, from Labrador, Canada to Georgia, United States, although it is less common south of Delaware Bay. It is the most common near-shore (shallow-water) flounder in the waters from Newfoundland down through Massachusetts Bay, reaching a maximum size around 61 cm in length and 2.25 kg in weight. The species grows larger on Georges Bank, where they can reach a length of 70 cm and weight of 3.6 kg. Although winter flounder historically supported large commercial and recreational fisheries, biomass and landings have decreased since the 1980s.

Georges Bank
Georges Bank (formerly known as St. Georges Bank) is a large elevated area of the sea floor between Cape Cod, Massachusetts (United States), and Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia (Canada). It separates the Gulf of Maine from the Atlantic Ocean.

The 1610 Velasco map, prepared for King James I of England, used the name "S. Georges Banck", a common practice when the name of the English patron saint, St. George, was sprinkled around the English-colonized world. By the 1850s, it was known simply as Georges Bank.
2019 Tianjin Open – Doubles
Nicole Melichar and Květa Peschke were the defending champions, but Peschke chose not to participate. Nicole Melichar played alongside Xu Yifan, but they lost in the first round to Christina McHale and Yanina Wickmayer.

Shuko Aoyama and Ena Shibahara won the title, defeating Nao Hibino and Miyu Kato in the final, 6–3, 7–5. This was Shibahara's first WTA tour level doubles title.

Christina McHale
Christina Maria McHale (born May 11, 1992) is an American professional tennis player. Her career-high WTA rankings are world No. 24 in singles and No. 35 in doubles.

Known for an aggressive baseline game, McHale was recognized by The New York Times for her "booming" groundstrokes and fast footwork. She reached the third round of all four Grand Slam tournaments and represented the United States in Fed Cup and Olympic competitions. In September 2016, McHale won her first and only career WTA Tour singles title at the Japan Women's Open.
Meerane station
Meerane station is a railway station on the Glauchau–Gößnitz railway. Meerane station  is the only station in the town of Meerane in the German state of Saxony. The station is now served by Regionalbahn and Regional-Express services on the Mid-Germany Connection (Mitte-Deutschland-Verbindung). Freight transport facilities no longer exist.

Regionalbahn
The Regionalbahn (German: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌbaːn] ⓘ; lit. Regional train; abbreviated RB) is a type of local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany. It is similar to the Regionalzug (R) and Regio (R) train categories in neighboring Austria and Switzerland, respectively.
Cape Parry
Cape Parry is a headland in Canada's Northwest Territories. Located at the northern tip of the Parry Peninsula, it projects into Amundsen Gulf. The nearest settlement is Paulatuk, 100 km (62 mi) to the south, and Fiji Island is located 9 km (5.6 mi) to the west. Cape Parry was formerly accessible through Cape Parry Airport that was located at the Distant Early Warning Line. The airport was listed as abandoned after the closure of the DEW line site.

It is named for the Arctic explorer William Edward Parry.

Edward Parry (Royal Navy officer, born 1790)
Sir William Edward Parry FRS (19 December 1790 – 8 July 1855) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer best known for his 1819–1820 expedition through the Parry Channel, probably the most successful in the long quest for the Northwest Passage, until it was finally negotiated by Roald Amundsen in 1906. In 1827, Parry attempted one of the earliest expeditions to the North Pole. He reached 82° 45' N, setting a record for human exploration Farthest North that stood for nearly five decades before being surpassed at 83° 20' N by Albert Hastings Markham in 1875.
Paul Ginsborg
Paul Anthony Ginsborg (18 July 1945 – 11 May 2022) was a British-born Italian historian. In the 1980s, he was Professor at the University of Siena; from 1992, he was Professor of Contemporary European History at the University of Florence.

University of Florence
The University of Florence (Italian: Università degli Studi di Firenze) (UNIFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy. It comprises 12 schools and has around 50,000 students enrolled.
Hillerød railway station
Hillerød station (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ stæˈɕoˀn]) is a railway station serving the city of Hillerød north of Copenhagen, Denmark.

It is the terminus of four railways lines:

An S-train line (Nordbanen) from Copenhagen, operated by DSB

Frederiksværkbanen, operated by Lokaltog

Gribskovbanen, operated by Lokaltog

Lille Nord towards Helsingør, operated by Lokaltog

Though there are track connections between the four railways, they are rarely used. Each has its own dedicated dead-end platform tracks.

The bus terminal in front of the station is a major hub for transportation throughout northeastern Zealand.

Helsingør
Helsingør (/ˌhɛlsɪŋˈɜːr/ HEL-sing-UR, Danish: [helse̝ŋˈøɐ̯ˀ]; classically known in English as Elsinore (/ˈɛlsɪnɔːr, ˌɛlsɪˈnɔːr/ EL-sin-or, -⁠OR), is a coastal city in northeastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 63,953 on 1 January 2025, making it the 23rd most populated municipality in Denmark. Helsingør is located at the narrowest part of the Øresund strait and together with Helsingborg in Sweden, forms the northern reaches of the Øresund Region, centred on Copenhagen and Malmö. Helsingør is a ferry city, with the frequent departures on the HH Ferry route, which connects Helsingør with Helsingborg, 4 km (2.5 mi) across the Øresund.

Its castle Kronborg was used by William Shakespeare as the setting for his play Hamlet.
Brooklandwood
Brooklandwood, or Brookland Wood, is a historic home located in Brooklandville, Baltimore County, Maryland. Its grounds became developed for the St. Paul's School for Boys.

The house is a 2+1⁄2-story, five-bay dwelling.  The central block and two later wings are brick, painted white. The central-block section is original and built about 1790, with porches and Palladian-style windows forming a symmetrical, functional unit.  It was owned by Captain John Cockey and then sold to Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and several of his descendants: Carroll's daughter and son-in-law Mary and Richard Caton, parents of Emily Caton, who married John MacTavish, the British Consul to Baltimore in the early 1800s. It was also owned by Isaac E. Emerson, the inventor of Bromo-Seltzer.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 11, 1972.

Brooklandwood Historical Marker

Brooklandwood statuary

Bromo-Seltzer
Bromo-Seltzer is a brand of antacid formulated to relieve pain occurring together with heartburn, upset stomach, or acid indigestion. It originally contained sodium bromide and acetanilide, both toxic substances which were eventually removed. Its current formulation contains the pain reliever aspirin and two reactive chemicals – sodium bicarbonate and citric acid – which creates effervescence when mixed with water. Sodium bicarbonate is an antacid.
Dirashe Zone
Gardula Zone is one of the zones in the South Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. In 2011, the zone was demarcated in the former Segen Area Peoples Zone which was established by Derashe and other three former special woredas surrounding it. It got zonal status when the South Ethiopia Regional State formed in August 2023. The region is an important agricultural area, known for its farming of cereal crops and cash crops like Khat. It is also a significant paleoanthropological research area, and is a birth place of Moringa plant (locally known by ''Hallako": ሀለኮ in Amharic). It is known for its stunning annual cultural festival called Filla Festival that held in the mid January every year.

Ale language
Ale (also known as Gawwada, Gauwada, Gawata, Kawwad'a, Kawwada) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in southern Ethiopia in the administratively part of the "South Ethiopia Regional State" (SERS). It is part of the Dullay dialect cluster.
Ramanujan's master theorem
In mathematics, Ramanujan's master theorem, named after Srinivasa Ramanujan, is a technique that provides an analytic expression for the Mellin transform of an analytic function.

The result is stated as follows:

If a complex-valued function  has an expansion of the form

where  is an analytic function, then the Mellin transform of  is given by

where  is the gamma function.

It was widely used by Ramanujan to calculate definite integrals and infinite series.

Higher-dimensional versions of this theorem also appear in quantum physics through Feynman diagrams.

A similar result was also obtained by Glaisher.

James Whitbread Lee Glaisher
James Whitbread Lee Glaisher (5 November 1848, in Lewisham — 7 December 1928, in Cambridge) was a prominent English mathematician and astronomer.  He is known for Glaisher's theorem, an important result in the field of integer partitions, and 
for the Glaisher–Kinkelin constant, a number important in both mathematics and physics.

He was a passionate collector of English ceramics and valentines, much of which he bequeathed to the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge.
MCL 80
The MCL 80 (Métro Crémaillère Lyon 1980) is the Electric Multiple Unit type used on the Lyon Metro's Line C. All five trains were built by Alstom (then Alsthom) and Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM) and were delivered and entered service in 1984. This train model is the only model of the Lyon Metro using steel wheels, rather than rubber tyres.

Lyon Metro Line C
Line C (Ligne C) of the Lyon Metro is the modern incarnation of the Funiculaire Croix-Rousse – Croix-Paquet (Croix-Rousse – Croix-Paquet Funicular), an old cable-hauled railway operating on part of the current alignment.
Mouktar
Mouktar (foaled 19 January 1982) was an Irish-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. Bred and owned by the Aga Khan, he was undefeated in his first five races including the Critérium de Saint-Cloud, Prix Greffulhe, Prix Hocquart and Prix du Jockey Club before finishing unplaced behind Law Society in the Irish Derby. He won the Prix Niel on his only subsequent appearance and was retired to stud at the end of his three-year-old season.

Critérium de Saint-Cloud
The Critérium de Saint-Cloud is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Saint-Cloud over a distance of 2,000 metres (about 1¼ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late October or early November.
John Shipp (British Army officer)
John Shipp (March 1784 – 1834) was a British soldier and author best known for his memoirs, which were popular and ran to at least four editions. Shipp began his military career as a drummer boy at the age of ten and twice won commissions from the ranks due to his ability and conduct; he had to sell his first commission due to a lack of funds.  He attained the rank of lieutenant in the 87th Regiment.

The Times reviewed the third edition of Shipp's memoir in 1890 where the work was listed as one of the "Books of the Week". The reviewer states that "for a man of little more than 30 to have twice won his commission from the ranks was ... an achievement unique in the annals of the British army".

Purchase of commissions in the British Army
Between the 17th and 19th centuries, officers' commissions in infantry and cavalry units of the English and British armies could be purchased. This avoided the need to wait to be promoted for merit or seniority, and was the usual way to obtain a rank in both armies. The practice began in 1683 during the reign of Charles II of England. It existed until it was abolished on 1 November 1871 as part of the Cardwell Reforms. Formally, the purchase price of a commission was a cash bond for good behaviour, liable to be forfeited if the officer in question was found guilty of cowardice, desertion, or gross misconduct.
Out for Ice Cream
Out for Ice Cream (French: Crème à glace) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Rachel Samson and released in 2024. A reflection on the changing nature of friendship in childhood, he film centres on two young girls who, according to Samson, have been friends by circumstance more than any real connection, and who are sharing ice cream during the summer between graduating from elementary school and starting high school, where their friendship is destined to change and fade away.

The film premiered in the Short Cuts program at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival, and was later screened at the Ottawa International Animation Festival, the 2024 Festival du nouveau cinéma and Animafest Zagreb.

The film received a Prix Iris nomination for Best Animated Short Film at the 27th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2025.

27th Quebec Cinema Awards
The 27th Quebec Cinema Awards was held on December 7, 2025, to honour achievements in the Cinema of Quebec in 2024 and 2025. The ceremony was broadcast by Noovo, and hosted by Phil Roy for a second year in a row.

The artisans gala, presenting the craft awards not included in the broadcast ceremony, was held on December 4 and hosted by Mona de Grenoble, also for the second year in a row.
Sarah D'Alelio
Sarah D'Alelio (born December 13, 1980) is a professional mixed martial artist. She competed in the 135-pound women's bantamweight division for Invicta Fighting Championships and has also fought for Strikeforce.

Invicta Fighting Championships
Invicta Fighting Championships, also known as Invicta FC, is an American professional mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion dedicated to women's mixed martial arts  that was founded in 2012 by Janet Martin and Shannon Knapp. The promotion is currently owned by the Canadian-based Anthem Sports & Entertainment.

The company's name comes from the Latin word for "invincible and incomparable", which appears in the feminine form.
Marvin Hudson
Marvin Lee Hudson (born March 3, 1964) is an American Major League Baseball (MLB) umpire who began his career in the National League in 1998. He has officiated in the 2004 All-Star Game and 2025 All-Star Game, eight Division Series (2005, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2020, 2022), four League Championship Series (2014, 2019, 2023, 2024), and two World Series (2016, 2020). He wears uniform number 51.

2014 American League Championship Series
The 2014 American League Championship Series was a best-of-seven playoff in Major League Baseball's 2014 postseason pitting the second-seeded Baltimore Orioles against the fourth-seeded Kansas City Royals for the American League pennant and the right to play in the 2014 World Series. The Royals won the series four games to zero. The series was the 45th in league history with TBS airing all games in the United States. Even as the Royals swept the series, each game was decided by two runs or fewer.

It was the first-ever postseason meeting between the two teams.  It was the first ALCS since 2005 not to feature the Yankees, Red Sox, or Tigers.

The Royals would go on to lose to the San Francisco Giants in the World Series.
HMS Frobisher
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Frobisher, after the Elizabethan explorer and adventurer Martin Frobisher:

HMS Frobisher was renamed HMS Parker (1916) in 1915, before being launched the following year as an Improved Marksman-class destroyer leader.

HMS Frobisher (D81) was a Hawkins-class heavy cruiser launched in 1920. She served in the Second World War and was broken up in 1949.

Martin Frobisher
Sir Martin Frobisher (/ˈfroʊbɪʃər/; c. 1535/1539 – 22 November 1594) was an English sea captain and privateer who made three voyages to the New World looking for the North-west Passage. He probably sighted Resolution Island near Labrador in eastern Canada, before entering Frobisher Bay and landing on present-day Baffin Island.

On his second voyage, Frobisher found what he thought was gold ore and carried 200 short tons (180 t) of it home on three ships, where initial assaying determined it to be worth a profit of £5.20 per ton (equivalent to £1,900 per ton in 2023). Encouraged, Frobisher returned to Canada with an even larger fleet and dug several mines around Frobisher Bay. He carried 1,350 tons of the ore back to England, where, after years of smelting, it was realized that the ore was a worthless rock containing the mineral hornblende. As an English privateer, he plundered riches from French ships. He was later knighted for his service in repelling the Spanish Armada in 1588.
Hasan Khani, Qazvin
Hasan Khani (Persian: حسنخاني, also Romanized as Ḩasan Khānī) is a village in Kuhgir Rural District, Tarom Sofla District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 22, in 9 families.

Qazvin province
Qazvin province (Persian: استان قزوین; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city of Qazvin as its capital.

The province was carved out of Tehran and Zanjan provinces in 1997. The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.
Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election
The 1877 New South Wales colonial election was for 73 members representing 61 electoral districts. The election was conducted on the basis of a simple majority or first-past-the-post voting system. In this election there were 8 multi-member districts returning 20 members and 53 single member districts. In the multi-member districts each elector could vote for as many candidates as there were vacancies. 17 districts were uncontested. There was no recognisable party structure at this election.

There were four districts that did not have a residential or property qualification, Goldfields North (1,200), Goldfields South (1,500), Goldfields West (10,000) and University of Sydney (158). The average number of enrolled voters per seat in the other districts was 2,342 ranging from The Paterson (556) to The Bogan (7,401). The electoral boundaries were established under the Electoral Act 1858 (NSW).

Electoral district of The Bogan
The Bogan was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1859 and named after the Bogan River. It elected two members between 1880 and 1889 and three members between 1889 and 1894. It was abolished in 1894 and partly replaced by Cobar, Dubbo and Coonamble.