hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swimming at the 2013 Mediterranean Games – Men's 100 metre breaststroke
The men's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 2013 Mediterranean Games took place on June 21 at the Mersin Olympic Swimming Pool in Mersin, Turkey.

The race consisted of two lengths of the pool in breaststroke.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Anne Mueller
Dame Anne Elisabeth Mueller, DCB (15 October 1930 – 8 July 2000) was a British civil servant and academic.  She was Second Permanent Secretary at the Cabinet Office from 1984 to 1987 and then at HM Treasury from 1987 to 1990.  She was Chancellor of De Montfort University from June 1991 until 1995.

She was the first woman to become a Permanent Secretary at HM Treasury; the second was Sharon White in 2013.  An obituary in The Guardian described her as "the most successful woman civil servant of her generation".

Cabinet Office
The Cabinet Office is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for supporting the prime minister and Cabinet. It is composed of various units that support Cabinet committees and coordinate the delivery of government objectives via other departments. As of December 2021, it had more than 10,200 staff, mostly civil servants, some of whom work in Whitehall. Staff working in the Prime Minister's Office are part of the Cabinet Office.
Bagnes
Bagnes (French pronunciation: [baɲ] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021 the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes.

With an area of 282 km2 (108.88 sq mi), Bagnes used to be the largest municipality of Switzerland until the formation of Glarus Süd in 2011.

Ossuary
An ossuary is a chest, box, building, well, or site made to serve as the final resting place of human skeletal remains. They are frequently used where burial space is scarce. A body is first buried in a temporary grave, then after some years the skeletal remains are removed and placed in an ossuary ("os" is "bone" in Latin). The greatly reduced space taken up by an ossuary means that it is possible to store the remains of many more people in a single tomb than possible in coffins. The practice is sometimes known as grave recycling.
Geology of Botswana
The geology of Botswana plays a significant part in the country's economy. The basement rocks of the Kaapvaal-Zimbabwe craton extend into Botswana whilst in the east and southeast, metamorphic rocks of Archaean age are dominant. A younger cover of Karoo rocks and post-Cretaceous Kalahari Group sediments conceal the western margins of these older rocks and largely conceal Proterozoic orogenic belts too. This younger stratum was laid down in the Kalahari Basin underlying large parts of the centre of the country. In the northwest of Botswana, more recent sediments overlie rocks of Meso- and Neoproterozoic age rocks, belonging probably to the Damara Belt.: 46

The city of Orapa, located in Eastern Botswana, contains a fossilized crater lake with the most insect and plant bearing taphocoenosis of middle Cretaceous in Africa.: 48

Kaapvaal Craton
The Kaapvaal Craton (centred on the Limpopo Province in South Africa), along with the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia, are the only remaining areas of pristine 3.6–2.5 Ga (billion years ago) crust on Earth. Similarities of rock records from both these cratons, especially of the overlying late Archean sequences, suggest that they were once part of the Vaalbara supercontinent.
Bolboschoenus novae-angliae
Bolboschoenus novae-angliae, common names New England bulrush and Salt march bulrush, is a plant species found along the Atlantic seacoast of the United States from Alabama to Maine (although there are no records of the plant from South Carolina, and reports from Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina remain unconfirmed). It grows in brackish and salt-water marshes and estuaries along the coast.

Bolboschoenus novae-angliae is a perennial herb up to 150 cm (80 inches) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Culms are triangular in cross-section. Flowers and fruits are borne in spikelets at the tip of the culm. Achenes are variable in shape, sometimes compressed, sometimes trigonous, the two shapes sometimes present on the same plant.

It is listed as a special concern species in Connecticut.

Spikelet
A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical  arrangement of the inflorescences of grasses, sedges and some other monocots.

Each spikelet has one or more florets.: 12  The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that bears the florets is called the rachilla.: 13
Football at the 1975 Mediterranean Games
The 1975  Mediterranean Games football tournament was the 7th edition of the Mediterranean Games men's football tournament. The football tournament was held in Algiers, Algeria between 24 August and 6 September 1975 as part of the 1975 Mediterranean Games and was contested by 9 teams.

1975 Mediterranean Games
The 1975 Mediterranean Games, officially known as the VII Mediterranean Games, and commonly known as Algiers 1975, were the 7th Mediterranean Games. The Games were held in Algiers, Algeria, from 23 August to 6 September 1975, where 2,444 athletes (2,095 men and 349 women) from 15 countries participated. There were a total of 160 medal events from 19 different sports.
Star Trek (1979 pinball)
Star Trek is a 1979 pinball game developed by Bally and licensed from Paramount Pictures Corporation. It was the first pinball machine based on the franchise of the same name. A second pinball machine of the same name was released in 1991 by Data East. A third pinball machine of the same name was released by Stern Pinball in 2013. There was also a 1971 Gottlieb pinball machine called Star Trek, but with no connection to or licensing for the television series.

Production of the game was announced in a press release on April 15, 1979.

Bally Manufacturing
Bally Manufacturing, later renamed Bally Entertainment, was an American company that began as a pinball and slot machine manufacturer, and later expanded into casinos, video games, health clubs, and theme parks. It was acquired by Hilton Hotels in 1996.

Its brand name, and mid-20th century pinball and slot machine logo, are still used by several businesses with various acquired trademark rights, most notably slot machine maker Bally Technologies and casino operator Bally's Corporation.
Himanshu Malhotra
Himanshu Ashok Malhotra (born on 2 April 1982); also credited as Himmanshoo A. Malhotra is an Indian actor who primarily works in Hindi films and television. He is best known for his portrayal in the television series Bhagonwali – Baante Apni Taqdeer, Love Marriage Ya Arranged Marriage and Chikoo Ki Mummy Durr Kei, and the films Shershaah (2021) and Kesari Veer (2025). Malhotra won the dance reality show Nach Baliye 7 and later participated in stunt based reality show Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 7.

India's Best Cinestars Ki Khoj
India's Best Cinestar Ki Khoj is an Indian television series that premiered on Zee TV in 2004. The first season of the stage show was directed by Gajendra Singh while the reality episodes were directed by Ramon Chibb and Siddharth Bahuguna. The show in its first season had Sudhir Mishra and Vivek Vaswani as mentors to the budding talent. It is a talent show for aspiring actors, and the first prize is the lead role in a film. Two winners, one male and one female, are crowned at the finale. The show returned for its second season in 2006 and a third one in 2014.
July 2025 Gaza Freedom Flotilla
The July 2025 Gaza Freedom Flotilla was a civilian maritime mission organized by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition (FFC) to challenge the Israeli naval blockade of Gaza and deliver humanitarian aid. The ship Handala departed from Syracuse, Italy, on 13 July 2025, carrying a diverse group of activists, medics, lawyers, journalists, and humanitarian supplies. It made a stop in Gallipoli between 15 and 20 July, before heading to Gaza. Its entry in the Gaza territorial waters, initially estimated between 27 and 28 July, was expected for the early hours of 27 July. Israel boarded and seized the ship in international waters in the late hours of 26 July, before it could reach its destination, and arrested the members of the crew.

Territorial waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea.

Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas.
State Normal Training School
The State Normal Training School is a historic training school building at 27 Washington Street in Westfield, Massachusetts.  It was constructed in 1899 to provide a teaching facility for teachers-in-training who were students at the Westfield State Normal School (now Westfield State University), the second-oldest such school the nation.  It was operated jointly by the normal school and the city of Westfield from 1900 until 1956, at which point it was converted into a regular elementary school.  The city formally acquired the property in 1977.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The building now houses apartments, and is known in the community as Courthouse Square.

Westfield, Massachusetts
Westfield is a city in Hampden County, in the Pioneer Valley of western Massachusetts, United States. Westfield was first settled by Europeans in 1660. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 40,834 at the 2020 census.
Valerian Netedu
Valerian Netedu (born January 26, 1953) is a former Romanian ice hockey goaltender. He played for the Romania men's national ice hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, and the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid.

Romania men's national ice hockey team
The Romanian men's national ice hockey team is the national men's ice hockey of Romania, and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. They are currently ranked 27th in the 2019 IIHF World Rankings and currently compete in Division IA. They have competed in four Olympic ice hockey competitions, the most recent being in 1980.
Cape Robertson
Cape Robertson is a cape which marks the west side of the entrance to Jessie Bay, in the north-west part of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands of Antarctica.

It lies 2 km (1.2 mi) east of Route Point at the north end of Mackenzie Peninsula. On the map of Laurie Island by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under Bruce, 1902–04, the name Cape Robertson appears in the position of Route Point, previously named by Captain George Powell and Captain Nathaniel Palmer in 1821. The name Route Point is retained for the north-west end of Mackenzie Peninsula; Cape Robertson is the north-east extremity. It is named for Thomas Robertson, captain of the Scotia, expedition ship of the ScotNAE.

Mackenzie Peninsula
Mackenzie Peninsula (60°45′S 44°48′W﻿ / ﻿60.750°S 44.800°W﻿ / -60.750; -44.800) is a steep, rocky peninsula forming the western end of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. It was first seen and roughly charted by Captain George Powell and Captain Nathaniel Palmer in 1821. It was surveyed in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William S. Bruce, who gave this peninsula the maiden name of his wife, Jessie Mackenzie.

On the northern side of the peninsula is Jessie Bay.  On the south is Cape Davidson.

Mount Susini is located at the northwest end of Mackenzie Peninsula.
Ballymoney (borough)
Ballymoney was a local government district with borough status in Northern Ireland. It was headquartered in Ballymoney. Other towns in the borough included Dervock, Dunloy, Cloughmills and Rasharkin. The borough had a population of 31,224 according to the 2011 census.

In May 2015 it was merged with the boroughs of Coleraine and Limavady and the District of Moyle to form the Causeway Coast and Glens district.

Cloughmills
Cloughmills or Cloghmills (/klɒxˈmɪlz/ klokh-MILZ) is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Ballymoney is 9 miles to the north-west and Ballymena is 10 miles to the south. It had a population of 1,309 people in the 2011 census. It is in Causeway Coast and Glens District Council.
2014 WTA Shenzhen Open – Doubles
Chan Hao-ching and Chan Yung-jan were the defending champions but Chan Hao-ching chose not to participate. Chan Yung-jan partnered with Janette Husárová, but they lost in the quarterfinals to Johanna Konta and Patricia Mayr-Achleitner.
Monica Niculescu and Klára Zakopalová won the title, defeating Lyudmyla Kichenok and Nadiya Kichenok in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Patricia Mayr-Achleitner
Patricia Mayr-Achleitner (née Mayr; born 8 November 1986) is a retired Austrian tennis player.

Mayr-Achleitner won 17 singles titles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit in her career. On 4 May 2009, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 70. On 29 September 2014, she peaked at No. 117 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for Austria in Fed Cup competitions, Mayr-Achleitner has a win–loss record of 14–15.

On 4 December 2010, she married her coach Michael Achleitner.

On 22 July 2015, after failing at the 2015 Gastein Ladies, Mayr-Achleitner announced that the 2015 Linz Open would be her last tournament, stating chronic back pain as the reason for her retirement from professional tennis.
SASM/GNC romanization
The former State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, Geographical Names Committee and former Script Reform Committee of the People's Republic of China have adopted several romanizations for Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uyghur, officially known as pinyin, Regulation of Phonetic Transcription in Hanyu Pinyin Letters of Place Names in Minority Nationality Languages and Orthography of Chinese Personal Name in Hanyu Pinyin Letters. These systems may be referred to as SASM/GNC/SRC transcriptions or SASM/GNC romanizations.

These romanization systems have been used for foreign translations of Chinese personal names and toponyms since 1978.

All schemes except pinyin have a strict form and a broad form, where the broad form is used in general. In the case of pinyin, tone marks are omitted in practice.

Lhasa Tibetan
Lhasa Tibetan or Standard Tibetan is a standardized dialect of Tibetan spoken by the people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. It is an official language of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In the traditional "three-branched" classification of the Tibetic languages, the Lhasa dialect belongs to the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being Khams Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of Khams Tibetan are able to communicate at a basic level with Lhasa Tibetan, while Amdo speakers cannot. Both Lhasa Tibetan and Khams Tibetan evolved to become tonal and do not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.
António Luís de Seabra, 1st Viscount of Seabra
D. António Luís de Seabra e Sousa, 1st Viscount of Seabra (2 December 1798 – 19 January 1895) was a Portuguese politician, jurist, and magistrate. A notable figure of the Constitutional Monarchy period, he was a government minister, a rector of the University of Coimbra, a judge in the Oporto appellate court, a member of Parliament, a Peer of the Realm, and a judge of the Supreme Court of Justice.

The Viscount of Seabra is best known as the author of the first Portuguese Civil Code, in 1867, which remained in force for a full century; the original Code is still generally referred to as "the Seabra Code".

Supreme Court of Justice (Portugal)
The Supreme Court of Justice (Portuguese: Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, pronounced [suˈpɾemu tɾiβuˈnal dɨ ʒuʃˈtisɐ], STJ) is the highest court of law in Portugal without prejudice to the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court.

The judges of the STJ are referred to as "counselors" (conselheiros). Its president is elected by and from among the judges of the court.

The STJ is installed in the buildings of the northern wing of the Terreiro do Paço square in Lisbon.
Edgemont (Covesville, Virginia)
Edgemont, also known as Cocke Farm, is a historic home located near Covesville, Albemarle County, Virginia. It was built about 1796, and is a one- to two-story, three-bay, frame structure in the Jeffersonian style.  It measures 50 feet by 50 feet, and sits on a stuccoed stone exposed basement.  The house is topped by a hipped roof surmounted by four slender chimneys.  The entrances feature pedimented Tuscan order portico that consists of Tuscan columns supporting a full entablature.  Also on the property is a rubble stone garden outbuilding with a hipped roof.  The house was restored in 1948 by Charlottesville architect Milton Grigg (1905–1982).  Its design closely resembles Folly near Staunton, Virginia.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Staunton, Virginia
Staunton (/ˈstæntən/ STAN-tən) is an independent city in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,750. In Virginia, independent cities are separate jurisdictions from the counties that surround them, so the government offices of Augusta County are in Verona, which is contiguous to Staunton. Staunton is a principal city of the Staunton-Stuarts Draft Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2020 population of 125,433. Staunton is known for being the birthplace of Woodrow Wilson, the 28th U.S. president, and as the home of Mary Baldwin University, historically a women's college. The city is also home to Stuart Hall, a private co-ed preparatory school, as well as the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind. It was the first city in the United States with a fully defined city manager system.
Rainald of Dassel
Rainald of Dassel (c. 1120 – 14 August 1167) was Archbishop of Cologne and Archchancellor of Italy from 1159 until his death. A close advisor to the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick Barbarossa, he had an important influence on Imperial politics, mainly in the Italian conflict of Guelphs and Ghibellines.

Hohenstaufen
The Hohenstaufen dynasty (/ˈhoʊənʃtaʊfən/, US also /-staʊ-/, German: [ˌhoːənˈʃtaʊfn̩]), also known as the Staufer, was a noble family of German origin that rose to rule the Duchy of Swabia from 1079, and to royal rule in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages from 1138 until 1254. The dynasty's most prominent rulers – Frederick I (1155), Henry VI (1191) and Frederick II (1220) – ascended the imperial throne and also reigned over Italy and Burgundy. The non-contemporary name of 'Hohenstaufen' is derived from the family's Hohenstaufen Castle on Hohenstaufen mountain at the northern fringes of the Swabian Jura, near the town of Göppingen. Under Hohenstaufen rule, the Holy Roman Empire reached its greatest territorial extent from 1155 to 1268.
Chilung Volcanic Group
The Chilung Volcanic Group or Keelung Volcanic Group (Chinese: 基隆火山群; pinyin: Jīlóng Huǒshān Qún) is a group of extinct volcanoes located in northern Taiwan, lying to the east of Taipei and Keelung (Chilung), and adjoining the northern coast of the island of Taiwan. Together with Mount Guanyin and the Tatun Volcanic Group, it belongs to the northern Taiwan volcanic province, constituting the western end of the island chains of the Ryukyu arc. Five separate bodies can be distinguished: Chilungshan (Mount Keelung), Penshan, Wutanshan, Tsaoshan and Chimuling.

The group is mainly composed of andesite, although there is some heterogeneity caused by the mixing between mantle-derived and continental material. Aging of andesite, biotite, and zircon samples have yielded age estimates between 0.8 and 1.7 Ma. It comprises the largest gold-copper deposits of Taiwan.

Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.
The Lego Movie 2 Videogame
The Lego Movie 2 Videogame is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. Based on the 2019 film of the same name, it is a direct stand-alone sequel and the second installment to The Lego Movie Videogame, released on February 26, 2019, for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One; and on March 14, 2019, it was released for MacOS. It is the last Lego Movie videogame to be published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment before Warner Bros. contract with The Lego Group expired in favor of a new one with Universal Pictures in 2020.

Warner Bros. Games
Warner Bros. Games (formerly Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment) is an American video game publisher based in Burbank, California. The publisher was founded as a division of Warner Bros. on January 14, 2004, as well as the WB Games brand. Warner Bros. Games manages the wholly owned game development studios TT Games, Rocksteady Studios, NetherRealm Studios, WB Games Boston, Avalanche Software and WB Games Montréal among others.
Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford
Humphrey (VIII) de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford, 5th Earl of Essex (6 December 1309 – 15 October 1361) of Pleshy Castle in Essex, was hereditary Constable of England. He distinguished himself as a captain in the Breton campaigns of the Hundred Years' War, playing a part in winning the Battle of Morlaix (1342) and the Battle of La Roche-Derrien (1347).

Battle of La Roche-Derrien
The Battle of La Roche-Derrien was one of the battles of the Breton War of Succession; it was fought on 20 June 1347 during the night between Anglo-Breton and Franco-Breton forces. Approximately 4,000–5,000 French, Breton and Genoese mercenaries (the largest field army ever assembled by Charles of Blois) laid siege to the town of La Roche-Derrien in the hope of luring Sir Thomas Dagworth, the commander of the only standing English field army in Brittany at the time, into an open pitched battle.