hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Cambridge Scholars Publishing (CSP) is an academic book publisher based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It is not affiliated with the University of Cambridge or Cambridge University Press.

It began as the hobby project of a Cambridge alumnus publishing out-of-print Victorian novels. Since then, it has expanded into health science, life science, physical science, and social science. In 2018 it published 729 books. It is known for its aggressive solicitation of authors via email, and uses print on demand technology to publish a large number of titles every year under a low margin business model, with limited editorial oversight of published works. Although Cambridge Scholars does not charge its authors, it has been listed as a predatory publisher by Cabells' Predatory Reports.

Print on demand
Print on demand (POD) is a printing technology and business process in which book copies (or other documents, packaging, or materials) are not printed until the company receives an order, allowing prints in single or small quantities. While other industries established the build-to-order business model, POD could only develop after the beginning of digital printing, as it was not economical to print single copies using traditional printing technologies such as letterpress and offset printing.

Many traditional small presses have replaced their traditional printing equipment with POD equipment or contracted their printing to POD service providers. Many academic publishers, including university presses, use POD services to maintain large backlists (lists of older publications); some use POD for all of their publications. Larger publishers may use POD in special circumstances, such as reprinting older, out-of-print titles or for test marketing.
Colby Barlow
Colby Barlow (born February 14, 2005) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who plays for the Manitoba Moose in the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect under contract to the Winnipeg Jets of the National Hockey League (NHL), who selected him 18th overall in the 2023 NHL entry draft.

Manitoba Moose
The Manitoba Moose are a professional ice hockey team based in Winnipeg. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the Winnipeg Jets of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team plays its home games at Canada Life Centre.

The franchise was founded in 1994 as the Minnesota Moose, then playing in the International Hockey League (IHL). The Moose played fifteen seasons—five in the IHL (1996–2001) and ten in the AHL (2001–2011)—during their first tenure in Winnipeg. This was followed by four seasons in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, (2011–2015) during which the team was known as the St. John's IceCaps. The team returned to Winnipeg prior to the 2015–16 season.
Di Carlo
Di Carlo is a surname with Germanic origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Adelia Di Carlo (1883–1965), Argentine writer and chronicler

Antonio Di Carlo (born 1962), Italian football player

Domenico Di Carlo (born 1964), Italian football player and coach

Elio Augusto Di Carlo (1918–1998), Italian ornithologist, historian and physician

Francesco Di Carlo (1941–2020), Italian mafia informer

Grégory Di Carlo (born 1993), French motorcycle racer

Ray Di Carlo (early 21st c.), American producer and director

Antonio Di Carlo
Antonio Di Carlo (born 6 June 1962) is a retired Italian professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He played for three seasons in the Serie A for A.S. Roma from 1984 to 1987. He also played for Roma in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, scoring a goal against Real Zaragoza.
Mysłakowice–Karpacz railway
Mysłakowice–Karpacz railway (formerly the Karkonosze Railway, German: Riesengebirgsbahn) is an active, single-track, non-electrified line of local significance, with a length of 7.302 km, connecting Mysłakowice with Karpacz.

The line runs entirely in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in the Karkonosze County, within the Gminas of Mysłakowice, Podgórzyn, and the town of Karpacz.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
1910 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 1910 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 22nd staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board.

On 30 April 1911, Tullaroan won the championship after a 7–01 to 3–00 defeat of Piltown in the final. This was their 10th championship title overall and their first in three championship seasons.

Tullaroan GAA
Tullaroan is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the village of Tullaroan in County Kilkenny, Ireland.  The club was founded in 1884 and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling.  Tullaroan is the most successful club in the history of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship.
2012–2014 Super League licences
The 2012–14 Super League licences were awarded following the second round of licensing for the Super League rugby league competition. Successful applicants were given a three-year licence to compete in Super League, the premier rugby league competition in Europe.

Widnes Vikings
The Widnes Vikings are an English rugby league club in Widnes, Cheshire, which competes in the Championship. The club plays home matches at DCBL Stadium. Founded as Widnes Football Club, they are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. Their historic nickname is "The Chemics" after the main industry in Widnes, but now they use their modern nickname, "The Vikings".

The club enjoyed a period of success in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, and were frequently described as "Cup Kings" reaching the Challenge Cup Final 7 times in 10 years between 1975 and 1984. In 1989, after winning their third Rugby League Premiership, Widnes became the first official World Club Champions by beating the Australian champions Canberra Raiders 30–18 at Old Trafford. They have a strong local rivalry with Warrington Wolves.
Petru Cărare
Petru Cărare (13 February 1935 – 27 May 2019) was a writer from Moldova.

Petru Cărare was born to Profir Cărare and Nadejda Duca. He was forbidden to publish in the 1970s. He translated works by Ivan Krylov, Stepan Oleinik, Samuil Marshak, Rasul Gamzatov, Sebastian Brant, Gianni Rodari, and François Villon.

Rasul Gamzatov
Rasul Gamzatovich Gamzatov (Avar: ХӀамзатазул Расул ХӀамзатил вас, romanized: Ħamzatazul Rasul Ħamzatil vas, IPA: [ħamzatil rasul]; Russian: Расу́л Гамза́тович Гамза́тов, IPA: [rɐˈsul ɡɐmˈzatəvʲɪtɕ ɡɐmˈzatəf] ⓘ; 8 September 1923 – 3 November 2003) was a Soviet and Russian poet who wrote in Avar. Among his poems was Zhuravli, which became a well-known Soviet song.
Squaw root
Squaw root (also spelled Squawroot or Squaw-root) is a common name which can refer to a number of different herbs native to North America:

Actaea racemosa

Caulophyllum thalictroides

Conopholis americana

Perideridia gairdneri

Caulophyllum thalictroides
Caulophyllum thalictroides, the blue cohosh, is a species of flowering plant in the Berberidaceae (barberry) family. It is a medium-tall perennial with blue berry-like fruits and bluish-green foliage. The common name cohosh is probably from an Algonquian word meaning "rough". The Greek-derived genus name Caulophyllum signifies "stem-leaf", while the specific name thalictroides references the similarity between the large highly divided, multiple-compound leaves of meadow-rues (Thalictrum spp.) and those of blue cohosh.
2023 Japan Open Tennis Championships – Doubles
Rinky Hijikata and Max Purcell defeated Jamie Murray and Michael Venus in the final, 6–4, 6–1 to win the doubles tennis title at the 2023 Japan Open.

Mackenzie McDonald and Marcelo Melo were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen.

Mackenzie McDonald
Michael Mackenzie Lowe McDonald (born April 16, 1995) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 37, achieved on October 16, 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 49, achieved on October 2, 2023.

McDonald won the 2016 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships in both singles and doubles.
Kaba gaida
The kaba gaida ('large gaida') or rodopska gaida (Rhodope gaida), is the bagpipe of the central Rhodope mountains, it is a distinctive symbol of Bulgarian folk music. It is made from wood, horn, animal skin and cotton, and is similar to the gaida, but lower pitched and usually with a larger bag. The chanter has a specific curve at the end, with a hexagonal section, and the shape of the channel inside the chanter is reverse cone. The most common drone tone on a kaba gaida is E.

The song "Izlel e Delio Haidutin", played on the kaba gaida and included on the Voyager Golden Record, was among the sounds selected to portray the diversity of human culture.

The gaida is played on weddings, celebrations and events. As people on the Balkans say: "A wedding without a bagpipe is like a funeral." Interest in the kaba gaida has been increasing and it is found on the ethno jazz scene.

Pitch (music)
Pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies. Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale. 
Pitch is a major auditory attribute of musical tones, along with duration, loudness, and timbre.

Pitch may be quantified as a frequency, but pitch is not a purely objective physical property; it is a subjective psychoacoustical attribute of sound. Historically, the study of pitch and pitch perception has been a central problem in psychoacoustics, and has been instrumental in forming and testing theories of sound representation, processing, and perception in the auditory system.
Gjoa Haven (electoral district)
Gjoa Haven (Inuktitut: ᐅᕐᒃᓱᕐᒃᑑᕐᒃ, Inuinnaqtun: Uqhuqtuuq) is a territorial electoral district (riding) for the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut, Canada. The riding consists of the community of Gjoa Haven. The district was created prior to the 28 October 2013 general election. The community used to be in Nattilik.

2013 Nunavut general election
The 2013 Nunavut general election was held October 28, 2013, to elect 22 members to the 4th Legislative Assembly of Nunavut. In November 2012 the assembly passed the Nunavut Elections Act 2012, stating that the writs for election drop September 23, 2013, and an election be held October 28, 2013, the proclamation was registered November 9, 2012. At the 2013 forum, held on November 15, 2013, Peter Taptuna was selected as the new Premier of Nunavut.
Shepherdstown, Pennsylvania
Shepherdstown is an unincorporated community that is located in Upper Allen Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is situated just south of Mechanicsburg and is home to the Union Hotel that was built in 1860 by Abraham Zook and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Cumberland County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 259,469. Its county seat is Carlisle. Cumberland County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Phosphine oxide
Phosphine oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula H3PO. Although stable as a dilute gas, liquid or solid samples are unstable. Unlike many other compounds of the type POxHy, H3PO is rarely discussed and is not even mentioned in major sources on main group chemistry.

H3PO has been detected by mass spectrometry as a reaction product of oxygen and phosphine, by means of FT-IR in a phosphine-ozone reaction

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas. An FTIR spectrometer collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.

The term Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy originates from the fact that a Fourier transform (a mathematical process) is required to convert the raw data into the actual spectrum.
Saint-Jérôme (electoral district)
Saint-Jérôme is a provincial electoral district in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  Its territory corresponds exactly to the city of Saint-Jérôme.

It was created for the 2012 election from part of the former Prévost electoral district.  The Prévost electoral district consisted solely of the town of Prévost and of the city of Saint-Jérôme.  In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, the eponymous municipality of Prévost was moved to the Bertrand electoral district; the Prévost electoral district became defunct and the remaining municipality of Saint-Jérôme became a separate new electoral district in its own right, named after itself.

2012 Quebec general election
The 2012 Quebec general election took place in the Canadian province of Quebec on September 4, 2012. Lieutenant Governor Pierre Duchesne dissolved the National Assembly on August 1, 2012, following Premier Jean Charest's request. The Parti Québécois were elected to a minority government, with Pauline Marois becoming the first woman to be Premier of Quebec. The Quebec Liberal Party took second place, with Premier Jean Charest losing his seat. The newly formed party Coalition Avenir Québec led by François Legault took third place, while Québec solidaire took 2 seats out of the 125.

During Marois' victory speech, an attack including gunshots and a fire occurred at the Métropolis concert hall housing the event and a forty-year-old man died as a result of gunshot wounds.
Lâm Uyển Nhi
Lâm Uyển Nhi (born on 5 May? in 1975 in Nha Trang – died on 13 October in 2007 in Hanoi) was a beauty contest winner from Vietnam. After she won a beauty contest in Nha Trang in 1989, she quit school to establish a business in Ho Chi Minh City. Nhi was born into a family of eight sisters. Although her father left when she was young, she grew up in the loving arms of her mother. Her family life was also extremely difficult. Later on in life, she became addicted to drugs, became a prostitute, and infected with HIV. She lived the last days at the Center for Social Labour Education and died in 2008.

She is a character in the program "The contemporary" on Vietnam Television, and was the subject of long-term series of reports on major newspapers.

Vietnam Television
Vietnam Television, officially branded as VTV, is the national television broadcaster of Vietnam. As the state broadcaster under the Government of Vietnam, VTV is tasked with "propagating the views of the Party, policies, laws of the government, improve people's knowledge and serve the spiritual life of the people".

VTV exists alongside the Voice of Vietnam and the Vietnam News Agency as the official information agencies under direct administration of the Government of Vietnam.
Oceanic Hotel
The Oceanic Hotel is a heritage listed building located on Collie Street on the corner of Pakenham Street in Fremantle, Western Australia.

The building was constructed in 1898 an occupies the site where the Welsh Harp Hotel also known as the Collie Hotel formerly stood.

The two storey truncated corner building is made of painted brick and has zero setback from the pavement. A bull nosed corrugated veranda awning wraps around the building's corner. The roof line is fronted by decorative parapet with four pediments with 1898  inscribed in the stucco on the corner pediment. The Pakenham Street side of the building features extensive stained glass lead lights in the windows where Oceanic Hotel name appears in the glass.

The building was converted to six strata titled apartments during the 1980s. One of the apartments was extensively refurbished in 2005 winning the architectural firm, spaceagency, the RAIA Residential Award in 2006.
It is currently used as holiday apartments.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
Bit.Trip Saga
Bit.Trip Saga (stylized as BIT.TRIP SAGA) is a music video game developed by Gaijin Games and published by Aksys Games for the Nintendo 3DS. It was released on September 13, 2011 in North America, a year later in the PAL region by Rising Star Games on March 16, 2012, and another year later in Japan by Arc System Works on July 10, 2013. It is a compilation of the six downloadable video games released for the Nintendo Wii's WiiWare service, including Bit.Trip Beat, Bit.Trip Core, Bit.Trip Void, Bit.Trip Runner, Bit.Trip Fate, and Bit.Trip Flux.

Choice Provisions
Choice Provisions Inc., formerly known as Gaijin Games Inc. prior to June 2014, is an American independent video game development studio, best known for their Bit.Trip series of video games.  The studio was founded in 2007 by Alex Neuse, Mike Roush, and Chris Osborn and is located in Santa Cruz, California.
Ctenosauriscidae
Ctenosauriscidae is an extinct family of pseudosuchian archosaurs within the clade Poposauroidea. Ctenosauriscids existed in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America during the Early Triassic to the Middle Triassic period (latest Olenekian to Anisian stages). All species had large "sails" on their backs. Ctenosauriscids are among some of the earliest archosaurs and represent the first global radiation of the group.

Olenekian
In the geologic timescale, the Olenekian is an age in the Early Triassic epoch; in chronostratigraphy, it is a stage in the Lower Triassic series. It spans the time between 249.9 Ma and 246.7 Ma (million years ago). The Olenekian is sometimes divided into the Smithian and the Spathian subages or substages. The Olenekian follows the Induan and is followed by the Anisian (Middle Triassic).

The Olenekian saw the deposition of a large part of the Buntsandstein in Europe. The Olenekian is roughly coeval with the regional Yongningzhenian Stage used in China.
Pakistan Hunting & Sporting Arms Development Company
Pakistan Hunting and Sporting Arms Development Company (PHSADC) (Urdu: پاکستان شکار اور تفریحی ہتھیار ساز کمپنی) was established by Ministry of Industries & Production as a subsidiary of Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation. The company was established in 2008 under Companies Ordinance 1984.
PHSADC is mandated to promote hunting and sporting products in Pakistan and in the international market.

Companies Ordinance 1984
The corporate sector in Pakistan was governed by the Companies Ordinance 1984 which was promulgated on 8 October 1984 and repealed the Indian Companies Act, 1913. It is now replaced by Companies Ordinance 2016.

The Companies Ordinance 1984 is a broad piece of Pakistani legislation that, according to its own preamble, is "An Ordinance to consolidate and amend the law relating to companies and certain other associations".  It encompasses all legal rules and regulations for businesses registered with Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and is enforced by that agency.
Venezuela at the 2023 Pan American Games
Venezuela is scheduled to compete at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile from October 20 to November 5, 2023. This will be Venezuela's 19th appearance at the Pan American Games, having competed at every edition of the games since the inaugural edition in 1951.

Weightlifter athlete Keydomar Vallenilla and athlete Joselyn Brea were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, wrestler José Díaz and Brea were the country's flagbearers during the closing ceremony.

2022 South American Games
The XII South American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Suramericanos Asunción 2022) was a multi-sport event held between 1–15 October 2022 in Asunción, Paraguay. The Games were organized by the South American Sports Organization, the Paraguayan Olympic Committee, the government of the Republic of Paraguay and the local National Secretary of Sports.
Bathyacmaea
Bathyacmaea is a genus of deep-sea limpet, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pectinodontidae. Species in this genus inhabit the dark, chemosynthesis-based marine communities of ocean vents and cold seeps near Japan.

Cold seep
A cold seep (sometimes called a cold vent) is an area of the ocean floor where seepage of fluids rich in hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other hydrocarbons occurs, often in the form of a brine pool. Cold does not mean that the temperature of the seepage is lower than that of the surrounding sea water; on the contrary, its temperature is often slightly higher. The "cold" is relative to the very warm (at least 60 °C or 140 °F) conditions of a hydrothermal vent. Cold seeps constitute a biome supporting several endemic species.

Cold seeps develop unique topography over time, where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs. These reactions may also be dependent on bacterial activity. Ikaite, a hydrous calcium carbonate, can be associated with oxidizing methane at cold seeps.
Connectionless-mode Network Service
Connectionless-mode Network Service (CLNS) or simply Connectionless Network Service is an OSI network layer datagram service that does not require a circuit to be established before data is transmitted, and routes messages to their destinations independently of any other messages. As such it is a "best-effort" rather than a "reliable" delivery service. CLNS is not an Internet service, but provides capabilities in an OSI network environment similar to those provided by the Internet protocol suite.  The service is specified in ISO/IEC 8348, the OSI Network Service Definition (which also defines the connection-oriented service, CONS.)

Best-effort delivery
Best-effort delivery describes a network service in which a network does not provide any guarantee that data is effectively delivered or that delivery meets any quality of service. In a best-effort network, all users obtain best-effort service. Under best-effort, network performance characteristics such as transmission speed, network delay and packet loss depend on the current network traffic load, and the network hardware capacity. When network load increases, this can lead to packet loss, retransmission, packet delay variation, further network delay, or even timeout and session disconnect.

Best-effort can be contrasted with reliable delivery, which can be built on top of best-effort delivery (possibly without latency and throughput guarantees), or with virtual circuit schemes which can maintain a predefined quality of service.

There are aspects of network neutrality and fair use.