hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shadow from Ladakh
Shadow from Ladakh is a novel by Bhabani Bhattacharya first published in 1966 by Crown Publishers. The book is set with the Sino-Indian War as a backdrop and tackles various issues include China's presence in Tibet as well the more local social and moral elements of life. The mixture of humour and interactions of the characters in a war setting provides the novel a nuanced approach.

The book won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1967.

Bhabani Bhattacharya
Bhabani Bhattacharya (10 November 1906 – 10 October 1988) was an Indian writer, of Bengali origin, who wrote social-realist fiction. He was born in Bhagalpur, part of the Bengal Presidency in British India. Bhattacharya gained a bachelor's degree from Patna University and a doctorate from the University of London. He returned to India and joined the diplomatic service. Bhattacharya served in the United States, to which country he returned as a teacher of literary studies once he had left the service. He taught in Hawaii, and later in Seattle. In his mid-thirties Bhattacharya began writing fiction set in historically and socially realistic contexts. He wrote in English, his chosen medium following the advice of two prominent literary figures.
Spinibarbichthys
Spinibarbichthys is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes. The fishes in this genus are found in China and Southeast Asia.

Carp
The term carp (pl.: carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized quarries and are valued (even commercially cultivated) as both food and ornamental fish in many parts of the Old World, they are considered trash fish and invasive pests in many parts of Africa, Australia and most of the United States.
Autumn Ivy
Autumn Ivy (jp: 蔦紅葉図) is an Edo period painting by Japanese artist Ogata Kenzan. Done in an assortment of ink, colors, and gold on paper, the work depicts ivy in Autumn. The painting recalls an episode from The Tales of Ise in which the tale's protagonist encounters a transient monk on the path to Mount Utsu.

Hedera
Hedera, commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan and Taiwan. Several species are cultivated as climbing ornamentals, and the name ivy especially denotes common ivy (Hedera helix), known in North America as "English ivy", which is frequently planted to clothe brick walls.
Magnetic pressure
In physics, magnetic pressure is an energy density associated with a magnetic field. In SI units, the energy density  of a magnetic field with strength  can be expressed as

where  is the vacuum permeability.

Any magnetic field has an associated magnetic pressure contained by the boundary conditions on the field. It is identical to any other physical pressure except that it is carried by the magnetic field rather than (in the case of a gas) by the kinetic energy of gas molecules. A gradient in field strength causes a force due to the magnetic pressure gradient called the magnetic pressure force.

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
1982 World Allround Speed Skating Championships for women
The 43rd edition of the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women took place on 13 and 14 February 1982 in Inzell at the Ludwig Schwabl Stadion ice rink.

Title holder was Natalya Petrusyova from the USSR.

Max Aicher Arena
The Max Aicher Arena (in the past known as Eisstadion Inzell and Ludwig-Schwabl-Stadion) is a stadium located in Inzell, Germany, best known as a speed skating venue. It is an indoor, artificial ice rink, located 690 metres (2,264 feet) above sea level and has a capacity of 10,000 people. Since its opening, as an outdoor venue, towards the end of 1965, more than 80 world records in speed skating have been broken here, and until the advent of indoor speed skating arenas, it was known as the fastest European speed skating rink, second in the world after the Medeu rink.

The stadium is also used for ice hockey, ice speedway, and (in the summer months) roller skating.
VV Papendrecht
VV Papendrecht (founded 1 August 1920) is an association football club from Papendrecht, Netherlands. In 2019–20, its first squad plays in Eerste Klasse after it promoted from the Tweede Klasse through playoffs.

Tweede Klasse
The Tweede Klasse (English: Second Class) is the seventh tier of football in the Netherlands and the fifth tier of Dutch amateur football. The league is divided into 21 divisions, 12 played on Saturday and nine on Sunday.

Each division consists of 14 teams. The champions are promoted to the Eerste Klasse (First Class), and the teams finishing 13th and 14th are relegated to the Derde Klasse (Third Class). Each season is divided into a number of periods (Dutch: periodes). The winners of these periods qualify for promotion playoffs, provided they finish in the top nine overall in the season. The teams finishing 12th in the final rankings play relegation playoffs.
CFAV Cougar
CFAV Cougar is the name of the following ships of the Royal Canadian Navy:

CFAV Cougar (YAG 308), a YAG training vessel in service 1954–2007

CFAV Cougar (PCT 61), an Orca-class patrol vessel launched in 2008

CFAV Cougar (YAG 308)
Canadian Forces Auxiliary Vessel (CFAV) Cougar (YAG 308) was one of ten wooden YAG 300 (Yard Auxiliary, General) vessels built for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) between 1953 and 1955. Built for use as auxiliary craft, Cougar primarily served as an at-sea training platform for junior naval officers, boatswains, reserve personnel and Sea Cadets at Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Esquimalt. Her name was reused for PTC 61 Cougar Orca-class Patrol Craft Training (PCT) tender that replaced the YAG 300 vessels as the RCN training tenders in 2008.
Pamani Express
Pamani Express is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways connecting Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh with Mannargudi in Tamil Nadu.

This is the only express train that Terminates and Originates from the Cauvery Delta Region and passes through Villupuram and does not go to Chennai. Similarly several other similar trains also originates and terminates in cauvery delta region which won't go to chennai but all of them passes through Tiruchirappalli.

In August 2024, there was a demand by the Tamil Nadu Consumer Protection and Environment Research Centre, Tiruvarur, to convert the train into a daily train.

Villupuram Junction railway station
Villupuram Junction (station code: VM) is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station in Viluppuram, Tamil Nadu. Being a prominent railway station, it serves as the distribution point of rail traffic from Chennai, the state capital of Tamil Nadu, towards the southern and central parts of the state. It is the third largest junction by number of branch lines in the state of Tamil Nadu after Salem junction,Tiruchchirapalli Junction.
Shin Ho-jun
Shin Ho-jun (Korean: 신호준; born 14 April 1989) is a retired South Korean professional footballer, who last played for Rangdajied United FC in the I-League. He began his career as a striker for Gwangju University and played there until 2009.

Gwangju University
Gwangju University (Korean: 광주대학교) is a university in Gwangju, South Korea.

It began in 1981 as a four-year college in Jinwol-dong, Nam-gu, Gwangju, named Gwangju Gyeongsang Jeonmun Daehak (광주경상전문대학).

It now has three graduate schools and four colleges with more than fifteen thousand students.
Knowledge (song)
"Knowledge" is a song by American band Operation Ivy. It was written by lead vocalist Jesse Michaels and appeared on the album Energy.

During the opening of the song at Operation Ivy's last show at Gilman St. (which was released on the Lint Rides Again bootleg), Michaels opens the song by saying, "this song is called 'Knowledge', and it's about growing up."

Tim Armstrong
Timothy Ross Armstrong is an American musician, songwriter
and record producer. Known for his distinctive voice, he is the singer/guitarist for the punk rock band Rancid and hip hop/punk rock supergroup Transplants. Prior to forming Rancid, Armstrong was in the ska punk band Operation Ivy.

In 1997, along with Brett Gurewitz of the band Bad Religion and owner of Epitaph Records, Armstrong founded Hellcat Records. In 2012, through his website, Armstrong started releasing music that influenced him, along with stripped-down cover songs of his own under the name Tim Timebomb. Armstrong is also a songwriter for other artists. Armstrong won a Grammy Award for his work with Jimmy Cliff and Pink, and has also worked with Joe Walsh and the Interrupters.
Gilles Berolatti
Gilles Berolatti (born 4 May 1944) is a French fencer and olympic champion in foil competition.

He received a gold medal in the team foil at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, together with Daniel Revenu, Christian Noël, Jean-Claude Magnan and Jacques Dimont.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
2002 SANFL Grand Final
The 2002 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Final saw Sturt defeat and upset the premiership favorites, Central District Bulldogs by 47 points to claim the clubs thirteenth premiership victory.

The match was played on Sunday 6 October 2002 at Football Park in front of a crowd of 35,187.

Central District Football Club
Central District Football Club, nicknamed the Bulldogs, is an Australian rules football club which plays in the South Australian National Football League. Based in Elizabeth in the City of Playford, about 25 km north of Adelaide, its home ground is X Convenience Oval (Elizabeth Oval), which is often referred to as the "Ponderosa".

Unlike the other league clubs Central's development zone is a single contiguous area that includes the northern Adelaide suburbs of Elizabeth, Salisbury, Smithfield, Munno Para, Golden Grove, Greenwith, the adjacent country townships of Angle Vale, Virginia, One Tree Hill, Gawler and the adjacent semi rural areas that also includes the Barossa Valley.
Da'iya
Al Da'iya (Arabic: الدعية) is an area located in Kuwait City that was established around 1960. It is part of the Capital Governorate. It is named after Sheikh Duaj Al Salman Al Sabah, the first to live in this area who the leader of the Kuwaiti army which fought in the Battle of Himth in 1919. Daiya is the headquarters of the Kuwait Handball Association.

Capital Governorate (Kuwait)
The Asimah Governorate or Capital Governorate, sometimes referred to as Al Kuwayt, is one of the six governorates of Kuwait. It comprises the historic core of Kuwait City, industrial and port areas such as Shuwaikh Port and Doha Port, and several offshore islands.

The governorate houses most of Kuwait's financial and business centres such as the Kuwait Stock Exchange.
2014 China Open – Men's doubles
Max Mirnyi and Horia Tecău were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together.  Mirnyi played alongside Feliciano López, but lost in the quarterfinals to Julien Benneteau and Vasek Pospisil.
Tecău teamed up with Jean-Julien Rojer and successfully defended the title, defeating Benneteau and Pospisil in the final, 6–7(6–8), 7–5, [10–5].

Nicholas Monroe
Benjamin Nicholas Monroe (born April 12, 1982) is an American former professional tennis player. Monroe was a doubles specialist. He reached a career-high ATP doubles ranking of No. 30 on 2 October 2017 and won four ATP Tour doubles titles and thirteen ATP Challenger Tour titles in his career.

He briefly coached American player Jack Sock in the off-season in 2022 and in 2023.
2025 NBA Summer League
The 2025 NBA Summer League (branded as NBA 2K26 Summer League for sponsorship reasons) was an off-season competition held by the National Basketball Association (NBA) primarily at the Thomas and Mack Center and Cox Pavilion in Las Vegas, Nevada, on the campus of University of Nevada, Las Vegas from July 10 to 20, 2025. The summer league consisted of the California Classic, Salt Lake City Summer League, and the Las Vegas NBA Summer League.

University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) is a public land-grant research university in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The 332-acre (134 ha) campus is about 1.6 mi (2.6 km) east of the Las Vegas Strip. It was formerly part of the University of Nevada from 1957 to 1969. It includes the Shadow Lane Campus, just east of the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, which houses the School of Medicine and School of Dental Medicine. UNLV's law school, the William S. Boyd School of Law, is the only law school in the state.

It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation, UNLV spent $83 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 165th in the nation.
Typhlonectidae
Typhlonectidae, also known as aquatic caecilians or rubber eels, are a family of caecilians found east of the Andes in South America.

They are viviparous animals, giving birth to young that possess external gills. Of the five extant genera in the family, Atretochoana, Potamotyphlus and Typhlonectes are entirely aquatic, while Chthonerpeton and Nectocaecilia are semi-aquatic. Atretochoana reaches 100 cm (39 in) in length, but other species in the family range from 20 to 60 cm (7.9–23.6 in). A sixth typhlonectid genus, Ymboirana, was recently described and is known exclusively from fossil material.

Semiaquatic
In biology, being semiaquatic refers to various macro-organisms that live regularly in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. When referring to animals, the term describes those that actively spend part of their daily time in water (in which case they can also be called amphibious), or land animals that have spent at least one life stage (e.g. as eggs or larvae) in aquatic environments. When referring to plants, the term describes land plants whose roots have adapted well to tolerate regular, prolonged submersion in water, as well as emergent and (occasionally) floating-leaved aquatic plants that are only partially immersed in water.

Examples of semiaquatic animals and plants are given below.
Cycle (gene)
Cycle (cyc) is a gene in Drosophila melanogaster that encodes the CYCLE protein (CYC). The Cycle gene (cyc) is expressed in a variety of cell types in a circadian manner. It is involved in controlling both the sleep-wake cycle and circadian regulation of gene expression by promoting transcription in a negative feedback mechanism. The cyc gene is located on the left arm of chromosome 3 and codes for a transcription factor containing a basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) domain and a PAS domain. The 2.17 kb cyc gene is divided into 5 coding exons totaling 1,625 base pairs which code for 413 aminos acid residues. Currently 19 alleles are known for cyc . Orthologs performing the same function in other species include basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like protein 1 (ARNTL) and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 2 (ARNTL2).

Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. The term exon refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and to the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are covalently joined to one another as part of generating the mature RNA. Just as the entire set of genes for a species constitutes the genome, the entire set of exons constitutes the exome.
Nikolay Kiselyov (athlete)
Nikolay Fyodorovich Kiselyov (Russian: Никола́й Фёдорович Киселёв; 25 October 1939 – 2005) was a Soviet Nordic combined athlete, Master of Sports of the USSR, International Class. He trained at the Armed Forces sports society in Leningrad. His best finish was a silver medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck in the individual event.

Nordic combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty).
Cyclidia javana
Cyclidia javana is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1894. It is found on Java and Borneo. The habitat consists of lowland forests.

The ground colour of the wings is white with diffuse brownish-grey markings.

Drepanidae
The Drepanidae are a family of moths with about 660 species described worldwide. They are generally divided in three subfamilies, which share the same type of hearing organ. Thyatirinae, previously often placed in their own family, bear a superficial resemblance to Noctuidae. Many species in the drepanid family have a distinctively hook-shaped apex to the fore wing, leading to their common name of hook-tips.

The larvae of many species are very distinctive, tapering to a point at the tail and usually resting with both head and tail raised. They usually feed on the leaves of trees and shrubs, pupating between leaves spun together with silk.
Glasgow school closures protest, 2009
Save Our Schools was a protest movement which arose in Glasgow, Scotland, in early 2009 against the proposed closure or merger of 13 primary schools and 12 nurseries in the city.

On 3 April 2009 parents occupied Wyndford and St. Gregory's primary schools in the Wyndford area of Maryhill in the city. A rally was held there on 4 April. The parents intended to remain in occupation over the Easter holiday.

A march in support of the campaign took place in Wyndford on 9 April, which was attended by around 400 people. There was a rally at the end at Wyndford Primary School, with several speakers including Bob Doris MSP, and campaign organiser Richie Venton.

The campaign planned to hold a short march and rally in George Square on 17 April at 10 a.m., the day the council executive made its decision.

George Square
George Square (Scottish Gaelic: Ceàrnag Sheòrais) is the principal civic square in the city of Glasgow, Scotland. It is one of six squares in the city centre, the others being Cathedral Square, St Andrew's Square, St Enoch Square, Royal Exchange Square, and Blythswood Square on Blythswood Hill.

Named after King George III and initially laid out in 1781 but not developed for another twenty years, George Square is surrounded by architecturally important buildings including on the east side the palatial City Chambers, whose foundation stone was laid in 1883, and on the west side by the Merchants' House. Built by Glasgow Corporation, the Chambers are the headquarters of Glasgow City Council. Joseph Swan's panoramic engraving of 1829 shows the early development of the square and its surrounding buildings.

The square boasts an important collection of statues and monuments, including those dedicated to Robert Burns, James Watt, Sir Robert Peel and Sir Walter Scott.
Ella at Juan-Les-Pins
Ella at Juan-les-Pins is a 1964 live album by Ella Fitzgerald, accompanied by a quartet led by Roy Eldridge on trumpet with the pianist Tommy Flanagan, Gus Johnson on drums and Bill Yancey on bass.  Val Valentin was the recording engineer, cover photo by Jean-Pierre Leloir. 
The original 1964 album featured 12 songs, highlights of two concerts Fitzgerald performed on the 28 and 29 of July 1964 at the fifth annual Festival Mondial du Jazz Antibes in Juan-les-Pins, France. In 2002 Verve re-issued this album, including all the performances from both evenings.

Val Valentin
Luis Pastor "Val" Valentin (January 6, 1920 – March 24, 1999) was an American recording engineer with six decades of work in the music industry. Much of his work was done for MGM Records and Verve Records.  His large discography includes Jazz albums such as Ella and Louis, Night Train, and Getz/Gilberto.
Kim Coleman
Kim Coleman (born July 11, 1967) is an American politician who served as a member of the Utah House of Representatives from 2015 to 2021, representing the 42nd district. She was a candidate in the 2020 Republican primary for Utah's 4th congressional district, seeking the Republican nomination to challenge Democratic congressman Ben McAdams, but lost to Burgess Owens.

Utah House of Representatives
The Utah House of Representatives is the lower house of the Utah State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Utah. The House is composed of 75 representatives elected from single member constituent districts. Each district contains an average population of 44,000 people. Members of the House are elected to two-year terms without term limits. The House convenes at the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City.
Kevin Byers
Kevin Byers (born 23 August 1979) is a Scottish footballer, who played in the Scottish Football League for Raith Rovers, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Montrose, Forfar Athletic and Brechin City. He is currently the manager of Kennoway Star Hearts in the SJFA East Superleague.

Kennoway Star Hearts F.C.
Kennoway Star Hearts Football Club are a football club from the village of Star near Kennoway in Fife, Scotland. Currently competing in the East of Scotland League Second Division, the club play their home games at Treaton Park.
Melchor de Navarrete
Melchor de Navarrete y Bujanda (1693–1761) was a Spanish soldier and administrator who served as governor of Cartagena de Indias (in what is now Colombia), from 1739 to 1742; of Spanish Florida from 1749 to 1752; and of Yucatán (in what is now Mexico), from 1754 to 1758. He was linked to several cases of corruption in Cartagena.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.