hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Taylor (nonconformist minister)
James Taylor was a nonconformist minister who established the first Freehold Land Society in Birmingham in December 1847. Taylor had previously paid a prominent role in the Temperance movement and had participated in the Anti Corn Law League.

Anti–Corn Law League
The Anti–Corn Law League was a successful political movement in Great Britain aimed at the abolition of the unpopular Corn Laws, which protected national farming interests by levying taxes on imported wheat, thus raising the price of bread at a time when factory-owners were trying to cut wages. The League was a middle-class nationwide organisation that held many well-attended rallies on the premise that a crusade was needed to convince parliament to repeal the corn laws. Its long-term goals included the removal of feudal privileges, which it denounced as impeding progress, lowering economic well-being, and restricting freedom.

The League played little role in the final act in 1846, when Sir Robert Peel led the successful battle for repeal. However, its experience provided a model that was widely adopted in Britain and other democratic nations to demonstrate the organisation of a political pressure group with the popular base.
Sherlock Bones
Sherlock Bones (Japanese: 探偵犬シャードック, Hepburn: Tanteiken Shādokku), also known as Sherlock the Detective Dog or Tanteiken Sherdock in Japan, is the story of a young teenage boy who adopts a dog from the pound. Once the young boy discovers that his dog can talk with his grandfather's old pipe, they go on adventures and solve crimes. The story was created by Yuma Ando with art by Yuki Sato. The manga was released in Japan in 2012 and translated to English officially in 2013.

Smoking pipe
A smoking pipe, often simply referred to as a pipe, is used to inhale (or taste) the smoke of a burning substance, typically (though not exclusively) used to consume a psychoactive substance; this most commonly refers to a tobacco pipe, however it can also refer to a cannabis pipe (bowl). Pipes are commonly made from briar, heather, corncob, meerschaum, clay, cherry, glass, porcelain, ebonite and acrylic.
The School for Lovers (play)
The School for Lovers is a 1762 comedy play by the British writer William Whitehead.

The original Drury Lane cast included David Garrick as Sir John Dorilant, John Palmer as Modely, William O'Brien as Belmour, Mary Ann Yates as Araminta, Kitty Clive as Lady Beverly and Susannah Maria Cibber as Celia.

John Palmer (actor)
John Palmer (c. 1742–1798) was an actor on the English stage in the eighteenth century. There was also another John Palmer (1728–1768) who was known as Gentleman Palmer. Richard Brinsley Sheridan nicknamed him Plausible Jack.
Barwick Valley
Barwick Valley (77°21′S 161°10′E﻿ / ﻿77.350°S 161.167°E﻿ / -77.350; 161.167﻿ (Barwick Valley)) is an ice-free valley north of Apocalypse Peaks, extending from Webb Glacier to Victoria Valley in Victoria Land, Antarctica.
A large part of the valley has been designated an Antarctic Specially Protected Area because of its pristine condition.

Victoria Land
Victoria Land is a region in eastern Antarctica which fronts the western side of the Ross Sea and the Ross Ice Shelf, extending southward from about 70°30'S to 78°00'S, and westward from the Ross Sea to the edge of the Antarctic Plateau. It was discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in January 1841 and named after Queen Victoria. The rocky promontory of Minna Bluff is often regarded as the southernmost point of Victoria Land, and separates the Scott Coast to the north from the Hillary Coast of the Ross Dependency to the south.
Razali Kassim
Razali bin Kassim is a Malaysian politician and engineer who served as Member of the
Pahang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Menteri Besar Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail since 2024 as well as Member of the Pahang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Muadzam Shah since May 2018. He is a member of United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of Barisan Nasional (BN). At the party level, he is the Secretary of the UMNO of Pahang.

Pahang State Executive Council
The Pahang State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Pahang, Malaysia. The Council is composed of the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Pahang State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

This Council is similar in structure and role to the Cabinet of Malaysia, while being smaller in size. As federal and state responsibilities differ, there are a number of portfolios that differ between the federal and state governments.

Members of the Council are selected by the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan. The Council has no ministry, but instead a number of committees; each committee will take care of certain state affairs, activities and departments. Members of the Council are always the chair of a committee.
Itabashi Station
Itabashi Station (板橋駅, Itabashi-eki) is a railway station on the Saikyo Line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The station spans three municipalities: Kita (East Exit and station office), Itabashi (West Exit and northside of the platform), and Toshima (south side of the platform).

Kita, Tokyo
Kita (北区, Kita-ku, "Northern ward") is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The English translation of its Japanese self-designation is City of Kita. The ward was founded on March 15, 1947.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 340,287, and a population density of 16,510 persons per km2. The total area is 20.61 km2.
Étienne Chauvin
Étienne Chauvin (18 April 1640 – 6 April 1725), French Protestant divine, was born in Nîmes. At the revocation of the Edict of Nantes he retired to Rotterdam where he was for some years preacher at the Walloon church. In 1695 the elector of Brandenburg appointed him pastor and professor of philosophy, and later inspector of the French college at Berlin, where he enjoyed considerable reputation as a representative of Cartesianism and as a student of physics.

His principal work is a laborious Lexicon Rationale, sive Thesaurus Philosophicus (Rotterdam, 1692; new and enlarged edition, Leeuwarden, 1713). He also wrote Theses de Cognitione Dei (1662), and started the Nouveau Journal des Savants (1694–1698).

Nîmes
Nîmes is the prefecture of the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Cévennes mountain range, the estimated population of the commune of Nîmes stood at 148,561 in 2019.

Dubbed the most Roman city outside Italy, Nîmes has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire when the city's population was estimated at approximately 50,000–60,000. Since several famous monuments and ancient Roman buildings are located in Nîmes, including the Arena of Nîmes and the Maison carrée, the city is often referred to as the "French Rome."
Ringerike Municipality
Ringerike is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Ringerike. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Hønefoss.

The municipality of Ringerike was created on 1 January 1964 after the merger of the town of Hønefoss and the rural municipalities of Hole, Norderhov, Tyristrand, and Ådal. However, the area of Hole was removed from the municipality of Ringerike on 1 January 1977 to become a separate municipality once again. The historic area of Ringerike included not just the modern municipality of Ringerike but also Hole and Krødsherad, Modum, and Sigdal.

Districts of Norway
The country of Norway is historically divided into a number of districts. Many districts have deep historical roots, and only partially coincide with today's administrative units of counties and municipalities. The districts are defined by geographical features, often valleys, mountain ranges, fjords, plains, or coastlines, or combinations of the above. Many such regions were petty kingdoms up to the early Viking Age.
Soft Ground Wrestling
Soft Ground Wrestling (Ekigwo kya Bumbash, abbreviated SGW) is an Ugandan independent professional wrestling promotion and wrestling school. Based in Mukono–Kirangira, Mukono District, SGW was founded on March 16, 2023, by local resident Daniel Bumba, a quantity surveyor turned television presenter. As of March 2024, the school trains over 180 students. The promotion is noted for their rudimentary production setup that consists of a wrestling ring made from mud, surrounded by nylon ropes held together by bamboo posts.

The promotion gained international attention when All Elite Wrestling's Will Ospreay and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's Jordynne Grace made donations to a GoFundMe fundraiser aimed at providing it a standard wrestling ring as well as additional operating funds.

GoFundMe
GoFundMe is an American for-profit crowdfunding  platform that allows people to raise money for events ranging from life events such as celebrations and graduations to challenging circumstances like accidents and illnesses. From 2010 through early 2024, more than $30 billion has been raised on the platform, contributed by over 150 million donors.
Michael Glover (Kansas politician)
Michael George Glover (born July 21, 1947) is an American former politician.

Glover was originally elected to the Kansas House of Representatives in 1972 while attending law school. He served for eight years before resigning during the 1980 legislative term.

During his time in the legislature, Glover was most well-known for spearheading a bill to lower penalties for possession of marijuana. The bill passed the state House in 1977 on a vote of 65 to 60, but was defeated in the Kansas State Senate after Glover admitted to smoking marijuana himself regularly.

After leaving the state legislature, Glover worked as an attorney and prosecutor in Lawrence, Kansas. In the mid-1980s, he moved to California, where he ran for the California State Assembly in 2006; in that election, he was defeated by incumbent Republican Chuck DeVore by a 61% to 39% margin. Glover ran another race against DeVore in 2008, but was again defeated, 58-42.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
Lucky 52
Lucky 52 (Simplified Chinese: 幸运52) is a variety show on CCTV-2, hosted by Li Yong. It was premiered in November 1998 and used the format of GoBingo. Due to the reformation of the channel, the last episode of the show aired on October 25, 2008.

GoBingo
GoBingo is a Philippine television game show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Arnell Ignacio, it premiered on December 9, 1996 and concluded on January 1, 1999. The show returned on April 14, 2008, and concluded on October 10, 2008 with a total of 130 episodes.
Faisal Agab
Faisal Agab Sido  (Arabic: فيصل العجب; born 24 August 1978) is a Sudanese former professional football player who played as an attacking midfielder and striker for the Sudan national team and the Sudanese club Al-Merreikh. He was the captain at Al Merreikh SC where he wore the numbers 17 and 24, respectively.

Sido is the Sudanese all-time top goal scorer at the Africa Cup of Nations with 21 goals, and 7 goals at the Arabian tournaments. Agab is also the all-time top scorer in the Sudanese League, with 119 total goals since 1998, when he scored his first against Al-Nile (match ended 3–0). He has scored 111 goals for Al-Merreikh and 8 for Merreikh El Fasher. In the CECAFA Cup, Sido also scored four goals for Al-Merreikh.

Al Merrikh SC
Al-Merrikh Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي المريخ الرياضي) is a Sudanese professional football club based in the city of Omdurman. Their home stadium is Al-Merrikh Stadium, which is locally known as The Red Castle. Founded in 1908, Al-Merrikh is one of the oldest football clubs in Africa and competes in the Sudan Premier League. The club currently competes in the Rwanda Premier League, the top-flight of football in Rwanda, due to the ongoing Sudanese civil war.
Indians (musician)
Indians is the moniker and alter ego of Danish singer-songwriter and musician Søren Løkke Juul signed to 4AD record label. In concerts, he is accompanied by some musicians also collectively known as Indians. Village Voice has dubbed Søren Løkke Juul / Indians as "Denmark's Bon Iver".

Performing his first solo show with the moniker Indians in February 2012, he self-released his debut single on 7" a few months later. He also extensively toured Europe and North America with the likes of Other Lives, Beirut, Perfume Genius, Phosphorescent and Daughter. He was eventually signed to British well-known indie record label 4AD with his debut album Somewhere Else released in Europe on 28 January 2013 and in North America the following day. The album charted in his home country in February 2013. His song "Oblivion" appeared on the soundtrack of the film The Fault in Our Stars.

Beirut (band)
Beirut is an American indie folk project formed in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 2006, by singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Zach Condon, who is the band's primary recording artist and sole constant member. In the studio and during live performances, Condon is joined by a rotating line-up of musicians which regularly includes, Nick Petree (drums), Paul Collins (bass), Kyle Resnick (trumpet), Ben Lanz (trombone) and Aaron Arntz (piano, keyboards).

Named after Lebanon's capital, due to the city's history of conflict and as a place where cultures collide, Beirut's music combines elements of indie rock, Balkan folk and world music.

Beirut has released seven studio albums and four EPs, to date. The band's first performance with the full brass section was in New York, in May 2006, in support of their debut album Gulag Orkestar, though they performed their first show with Condon, Petree, and Collins at the College of Santa Fe earlier that year.
Roger Köppel
Roger Jürg Köppel (born 21 March 1965) is a Swiss journalist, entrepreneur, publicist and conservative politician, who served as a member of the National Council for the Swiss People's Party from 2015 to 2023. He is the editor-in-chief and publisher of Die Weltwoche, a Swiss weekly magazine. He previously worked as editor-in-chief for Die Welt from 2004 to 2006.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Dakar 18
Dakar 18 is a racing video game developed by Portuguese studio Bigmoon Entertainment and published by Deep Silver for PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. It is based on the annual rally raid organized by the Amaury Sport Organisation (A.S.O). It was the first officially licensed Dakar Rally game since Dakar 2: The World's Ultimate Rally in 2003.

The Dakar Rally is an endurance race that's considered one of the most demanding events on the motorsports calendar. The 2018 running has a route of 9000 km, and it is the 10th Dakar Rally to be held in South America since the series' relocation from Europe and Africa in 2009.

Rally raid
Rally raid is a type of off-road motorsport event competed with different types of vehicles. Along with shorter baja rallies, rally raid constitutes cross-country rallying. Both the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) co-organise a common World Rally-Raid Championship featuring the same events and types of vehicles.

The length of a rally raid can be as short as 2–3 days to as long as 15 days with marathon rally raids like the Dakar Rally. With skill in navigation being key, the driving skill and endurance of riders, drivers, co-drivers, and machines are put to the test. The total distance covered can be between 600 km to over 5,000 km with terrain ranging from sandy dunes, forest roads, mountain roads, and dry river beds; among others.
Seagulls Over Sorrento
Seagulls Over Sorrento is a 1954 British war drama film made by the Boulting brothers based on the play of the same name by Hugh Hastings. The film stars Gene Kelly and was one of three made by Kelly in Europe over an 18-month period to make use of frozen MGM funds. The cast features John Justin, Bernard Lee and Jeff Richards. It was shot at MGM's Elstree Studios with sets designed by the art director Alfred Junge with location shooting taking place in the Channel Islands. Although the film finished shooting in July 1953, MGM could not release it in the United Kingdom until the play finished its London run, which delayed the film's release for almost a year. It was released as Crest of the Wave in the United States and Canada.

Alfred Junge
Alfred Junge (29 January 1886, Görlitz, Silesia (now Saxony), Germany – 16 July 1964, Bad Kissingen, West Germany) was a German production designer who spent a large part of his career working in the British film industry.
Recency bias
Recency bias is a cognitive bias that favors recent events over historic ones. A type of memory bias, recency bias gives "greater importance to the most recent event", such as the final lawyer's closing argument a jury hears before being dismissed to deliberate.

Recency bias should not be confused with anchoring or confirmation bias. Recency bias is related to the serial-position effect known as the recency effect.  It is not to be confused with recency illusion, the belief or impression that a word or language usage is of recent origin when in reality it is long-established.

Recency illusion
The recency illusion is the belief or impression, on the part of someone who has only recently become aware of a long-established phenomenon, that the phenomenon itself must be of recent origin. The term was coined by Arnold Zwicky, a linguist at Stanford University who is primarily interested in examples involving words, meanings, phrases, and grammatical constructions. However, use of the term is not restricted to linguistic phenomena: Zwicky has defined it simply as, "the belief that things you have noticed only recently are in fact recent".

According to Zwicky, the illusion is caused by selective attention.
Discovery Canyon Campus
Discovery Canyon Campus (DCC) is a pre-kindergarten-12 school in Academy School District 20 in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. The campus is primarily dedicated to STEM courses. The campus serves the far north of Colorado Springs and is located off of the North Gate of the United States Air Force Academy.

The campus was opened in the fall of 2005 to 5th and 6th grade students. In the fall of 2006, this was expanded to grades PK-7. In 2007, 8th and 9th were opened, and the first graduating class of DCC walked across the stage four years later in May 2011.

The school offers the IB Primary Years Program, IB Middle Years Program, IB Career-related Program, and IB Diploma Program. DCC became an International Baccalaureate World School in May 2008.

The campus was designed by Antoine Predock.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Rumpler C.VI
The Rumpler C.VI was a high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft used by the Germans during the First World War. The aircraft was designed, along with the C.VII, based on the previous success of high-altitude Zeppelins, from which the engine was also taken: the Maybach Mb.IVa high-altitude high-compression engine. To operate in thinner atmosphere, the aircraft also had a special carburetor and radiator. The radiator was half-sized to reduce weight.

Maybach Mb.IVa
The Maybach Mb IVa was a water-cooled aircraft and airship straight-six engine developed in Germany during World War I by Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH, a subsidiary of Zeppelin. It was one of the world's first series-produced engines designed specifically for high-altitude use. It was quite different engine design than the previous, five valves per cylinder Maybach Mb.IV, not just a simple modification.
Leandro García Bringas
Leandro Rafael García Bringas (born 24 November 1951) is a Mexican politician who has been affiliated with both the National Action Party (PAN) and the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He served as the municipal president of Coatzacoalcos in 1994.
In the 2009 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the 11th district of Veracruz for the PAN during the 61st session of Congress.

In the 2015 election he sought re-election to the 11th district seat as the candidate of the PRI, but lost to Rocío Nahle García of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Further Down the Old Plank Road
Further Down the Old Plank Road is a 2003 album by The Chieftains. It is a collaboration between the Irish band and many top country music musicians including Rosanne Cash, Chet Atkins, The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Ricky Skaggs, and Patty Loveless.

The Chieftains
The Chieftains were a traditional Irish folk band formed in Dublin in  1962, by Paddy Moloney, Seán Potts and Michael Tubridy. Their sound, which is almost entirely instrumental and largely built around uilleann pipes, has become synonymous with traditional Irish music. They are regarded as having helped popularise Irish music around the world. They have won six Grammy Awards during their career and they were given a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. Some music experts have credited The Chieftains with bringing traditional Irish music to a worldwide audience, so much so that the Irish government awarded them the honorary title of 'Ireland's Musical Ambassadors' in 1989.