hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marriage in Hinduism
The Hindu marriage (Sanskrit: विवाह, romanized: Vivāha, lit. 'Marriage') is the most important of all the samskaras, the rites of passage described in the Dharmashastra texts.

Variously defined, it is generally described to be a social institution for the establishment and regulation of a proper relationship between the sexes, as stated by Manu. Marriage is regarded to be a sacrament by Hindus, rather than a form of social contract, since they believe that all men and women are created to be parents, and practise dharma together, as ordained by the Vedas.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Joshua Freedman
Joshua Freedman is an author, researcher, and organizational development specialist. He is the chief executive officer (CEO) and co-founder of Six Seconds, a nonprofit focused on emotional intelligence (EQ). Freedman has developed several psychometric assessments to measure emotional intelligence in individuals and organizations, including the Six Seconds Emotional Intelligence Assessment (SEI). He leads the State of the Heart study, a global analysis of emotional intelligence that has tracked EQ trends in more than 160 countries since 2011.

Freedman has identified a pattern he calls the "Emotional Recession," a sustained global decline in emotional intelligence scores and its implications for organizational resilience, burnout, and employee engagement. This concept was published as a peer-reviewed study in Frontiers in Psychology in 2025.

Workplace resilience
Workplace resilience refers to the capacity of individuals and organizations to adapt to challenges, recover from setbacks, and continue to function effectively in a work environment. It encompasses employees' ability to "bounce back" from stress as well as an organization's systemic capacity to withstand and grow from adversity. The concept is studied in organizational psychology and occupational health, linking personal psychological traits with organizational policies and culture. Developing resilience in the workplace is associated with improved employee well-being and organizational performance.
Refractory period
Refractory period is a period immediately following a stimulus during which further stimulation has no effect. It may specifically refer to:

Refractory period (physiology), recovery time of an excitable membrane to be ready for a second stimulus once it returns to its resting state, following excitation in the areas of biology, physiology and cardiology

Refractory period (sex), the recovery phase after orgasm during which it is physiologically impossible for an individual to have additional orgasms

Psychological refractory period, the delay in response to the second of two closely spaced psychological stimuli

Postictal state, the period following a series of epileptic seizures during which seizures cannot be induced

Refractory period (physiology)
Refractoriness is the fundamental property of any object of autowave nature (especially excitable medium) not responding to stimuli, if the object stays in the specific refractory state. In common sense, refractory period is the characteristic recovery time, a period that is associated with the motion of the image point on the left branch of the isocline  (for more details, see also Reaction–diffusion and Parabolic partial differential equation).

In physiology, a refractory period is a period of time during which an organ or cell is incapable of repeating a particular action, or (more precisely) the amount of time it takes for an excitable membrane to be ready for a second  stimulus once it returns to its resting state following an excitation. It most commonly refers to electrically excitable muscle cells or neurons. Absolute refractory period corresponds to depolarization and repolarization, whereas relative refractory period corresponds to hyperpolarization.
Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport
On 19 February 1978, Egyptian special forces raided Larnaca International Airport near Larnaca, Cyprus, in an attempt to intervene in a hijacking. Earlier, two assassins had killed prominent Egyptian newspaper editor Yusuf Sibai and then captured as hostages several Arabs who were attending a convention in Nicosia. As Cypriot forces were trying to negotiate with the hostage-takers at the airport, Egyptian troops began their own assault without authorization from the Cypriots. The unauthorized raid resulted in the Egyptians and the Cypriots exchanging gunfire, killing or injuring more than 20 of the Egyptian commandos. As a result, Egypt and Cyprus severed political ties for several years after the incident.

Larnaca
Larnaca, also spelled Larnaka, is a city on the southeast coast of Cyprus and the capital of the Larnaca District. With a district population of 155,000 in 2021, it is the third largest city in the country after Nicosia and Limassol.

Built on the ruins of Kition, an Ancient Greek city-state and the birthplace of Stoic philosopher Zeno of Citium, Larnaca is home to the Church of Saint Lazarus, Hala Sultan Tekke, the Kamares Aqueduct, Larnaca Castle, Larnaca District Archaeological Museum, and Pierides Museum. It attracts many visitors to its beaches, as well as to Finikoudes (Φοινικούδες; Greek for "palm trees"), the city's signature seafront promenade lined with palm trees. It gives its name to the country's primary airport, Larnaca International Airport, which is situated in the neighbouring village of Dromolaxia rather than Larnaca proper. It also has a seaport and a marina.
Victoria Tagoe
Victoria  Tagoe was a Ghanaian politician and member of the second Parliament of the 1st Republic of Ghana.

Tagoe served as the member of parliament for the Birimagya constituency in the Eastern Region of Ghana. She remained in this position from 1965 until 24 February 1966 when the Nkrumah government was overthrown.

Nkrumah government
Dr. Kwame Nkrumah was the first Prime Minister and first President of Ghana. Nkrumah had run governments under the supervision of the British government through Charles Arden-Clarke, the Governor-General. His first government under colonial rule started from 21 March 1952 until independence. His first independent government took office on 6 March 1957. From 1 July 1960, Ghana became a republic and Nkrumah became the first president of Ghana.

In February 1966 his government was overthrown by the National Liberation Council military coup.
Saint Januarius Interceding
Saint Januarius Interceding or Saint Januarius Interceding to the Virgin Mary, Christ and God the Father for Victims of the Plague is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Baroque painter Luca Giordano. It is dated to around 1656 and is now in the National Museum of Capodimonte in Naples. It was commissioned by the Spanish viceroy in Naples, Gaspare de Bracamonte, as an ex voto for the ending of a plague in the city.

Museo di Capodimonte
40°52′01.22″N 14°15′01.92″E﻿ / ﻿40.8670056°N 14.2505333°E﻿ / 40.8670056; 14.2505333

Museo di Capodimonte is an art museum located in the Palace of Capodimonte, a grand Bourbon palazzo in Naples, Italy designed by Giovanni Antonio Medrano. The museum is the prime repository of Neapolitan painting and decorative art, with several important works from other Italian schools of painting, and some important ancient Roman sculptures. It is one of the largest museums in Italy. The museum was inaugurated in 1957.
Norris C. Williamson
Norris Charles Craft Williamson (July 31, 1874 – 1949) was a Democrat who served from 1924 to 1932 in the Louisiana State Senate. A resident of Lake Providence, Williamson represented the delta parishes: Tensas, Madison, East Carroll, and Concordia, a rich farming region along the Mississippi River. Included in his district were Vidalia, Ferriday, St. Joseph, and Tallulah. At the time, two state senators represented the four-parish district.

Tallulah, Louisiana
Tallulah (/təˈluːlə/ tə-LOO-lə) is a city in, and the parish seat of, Madison Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,286, down from 7,335 in 2010.

As this was historically a center of agriculture since the antebellum years, producing cotton and pecans, Tallulah and the parish have long had majority-African American populations. The small city is now nearly 77 percent African American; the surrounding parish is 60 percent black. Mechanization and industrial agriculture have reduced the number of jobs, and many residents have moved since the mid-20th century to larger cities with more opportunities.

Tallulah is the principal city of the Tallulah Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Madison Parish. The Madison Parish Sheriff's office operates the Steve Hoyle Rehabilitation Center in Tallulah.
1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election
The 1952 Louisiana gubernatorial election was held in two rounds on January 15 and February 19, 1952. Like most Southern states between the Reconstruction Era and the Civil Rights Movement, Louisiana's Republican Party was virtually nonexistent in terms of electoral support.

This meant that the two Democratic Party primary elections held on these dates were the real contest over who would be governor of Louisiana. The 1952 election saw the defeat of Long candidate Carlos Spaht, and the election of Robert F. Kennon as governor.

In the low-turnout general election held on April 22, 1952, Kennon defeated Harrison Bagwell, a Baton Rouge lawyer and only the second Louisiana Republican gubernatorial nominee since Reconstruction. Kennon received 118,723 votes (96 percent) to Bagwell's 4,958 votes (4 percent).

Governor of Louisiana
The governor of Louisiana (French: Gouverneur de la Louisiane; Spanish: Gobernador de Luisiana) is the chief executive  of the U.S. state government of Louisiana. The governor also serves as the commander in chief of the Louisiana National Guard. Republican Jeff Landry has held the office since January 8, 2024.
Kalasan
Kalasan (Indonesian: Candi Kalasan, Javanese: ꦕꦟ꧀ꦝꦶꦏꦭꦱꦤ꧀, Candhi Kalasan), also known as Candi Kalibening, is an 8th-century Buddhist temple in Java, Indonesia. It is located 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) east of Yogyakarta on the way to Prambanan temple, on the south side of Jalan Solo main road (part of Indonesian National Route 15) between Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Administratively, it is located in the Kalasan District (kapanewon) of Sleman Regency.

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
1943 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1943 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 46th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Coolderry entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final, a replay, was played on 28 November 1943 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Birr and Tullamore, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Birr won the match by 2–08 to 2–04 to claim their 11th championship title overall and a first championship title in three years.

Birr, County Offaly
Birr (/ˈbɜːr/; Irish: Biorra, meaning "plain of water") is a town in County Offaly, Ireland. Between 1620 and 1899, it was called Parsonstown, after the Parsons family who were local landowners and hereditary Earls of Rosse. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

Birr is a designated Irish Heritage Town with a carefully preserved Georgian heritage. Birr itself has graceful wide streets and elegant buildings. Many of the houses in John's Place and Oxmantown Mall have exquisite fanlight windows of the Georgian period.

The town is known for Birr Castle and Gardens: the home of the Parsons family and the site of the Leviathan of Parsonstown, which was the largest telescope in the world for over 70 years.
Government Polytechnic Pen
The Government Polytechnic Pen is an institute of technology located in Pen, Raigad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was established in 1990 by the Government of Maharashtra and was initially located in Alibag.

Institute of technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological/technology university/college, technical university/college, university/college of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.
Epsio
Epsio is a suite developed by the Belgian company EVS Broadcast Equipment which allows virtual graphic overlay insertions in real-time or in instant replays. All these effects can instantly be added with the Multicam (LSM) remote controller and are immediately available. Operators can also insert virtual advertisements allowing the field advertisements to adapt to the audience.

Virtual advertising
Virtual advertising is the use of digital technology to insert virtual advertising content into a live or pre-recorded television show, often in sports events.

This technique is often used to allow broadcasters to overlay existing physical advertising panels (on the playfield) with virtual content on the screen when broadcasting the same event in multiple regions; a Spanish football game will be broadcast in Mexico with Mexican advertising images. Similarly, virtual content can be inserted onto empty space within the sports venue such as the field of play, where physical advertising cannot be placed due to regulatory or safety reasons. Virtual advertising content is intended to be photo-realistic, so that the viewer has the impression they are seeing the real in-stadium advertising.
55 S 55
55 S 55 (from Finnish 55 millimetrin sinko vuodelta 1955, '55 millimetre recoilless anti-tank weapon model 1955'), colloquially kevyt sinko and nicknamed Nyrkki, was a Finnish recoilless anti-tank weapon from the mid-1950s. The 55 S 55 was designed by a Finnish Defence Forces team led by MSc, Capt Esko Puronto, and it was manufactured by FDF's Vammaskoski factory (now part of Finnish state military industrial enterprise Patria).

Venturi effect
The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a moving fluid speeds up as it is funneled from one section of a pipe to another, smaller section. As the fluid flows into a smaller area, the fluid's velocity increases, while the static pressure decreases.

The Venturi effect is named after its discoverer, the Italian Physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi, and was first published in 1797.

The effect has various applications in Engineering, Architecture, and everyday objects such as Atomizers that disperse perfume or spray paint and Wine aerators. The reduction in pressure inside the constriction can be used both for measuring the fluid flow and for moving other fluids (e.g. in a vacuum ejector).
Greater Clarks Hill Regional Library System
The Greater Clarks Hill Regional Library System (GCHRL) is a consortium of eight public libraries working together to serve the populations of Columbia, Burke, Lincoln, and Warren counties in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia.

GCHRL is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to the system's collection of 10.6 million books. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

Columbia County, Georgia
Columbia County is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 156,010. The legal county seat is Appling, but the de facto seat of county government is Evans.

Columbia County is included in the Augusta metropolitan area. It is located along the Savannah River.
Friedrich Lippmann (musicologist)
Friedrich Lippmann (July 25, 1932, Dessau - 9 March 2019, Bonn) was a German musicologist who was considered an authority on 18th and 19th century Italian opera. He studied  philosophy and German at the Free University of Berlin from 1951 through 1953. He then studied musicology with Adam Adrio at Humboldt University of Berlin from 1953 through 1956, and then with Friedrich Blume and Anna Amalie Abert at the University of Kiel where he earned his doctorate in 1962. He then worked as a research fellow at the Haydn Institute in Cologne from 1962 through 1964. From 1964 through 1996 he was chair of the music history department at the German Historical Institute in Rome. He published authoritative works on Johann Adolf Hasse and Vincenzo Bellini and was both a contributor and editor of several academic journals; including editor of Analecta musicologica and  Concertus musicus. His scholarship on opera was appreciated with a Festschrift in 1993.

Johann Adolph Hasse
Johann Adolph Hasse (baptised 25 March 1699 – 16 December 1783) was an 18th-century German composer, singer and teacher of music. Immensely popular in his time, Hasse was best known for his prolific operatic output, though he also composed a considerable quantity of sacred music. Married to soprano Faustina Bordoni and a friend of librettist Pietro Metastasio, whose libretti he frequently set, Hasse was a pivotal figure in the development of opera seria and 18th-century music.
William Henry Fry
William Henry Fry (August 10, 1813 – December 21, 1864) was an American composer, music critic, and journalist. Fry was the first known person born in the United States to write for a large symphony orchestra, and the first to compose a publicly performed opera. He was also the first music critic for a major American newspaper, and he was the first known person to insist that his fellow countrymen support American-made music.

Free Library of Philadelphia
The Free Library of Philadelphia is the public library system that serves the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the 16th-largest public library system in the United States. The Free Library of Philadelphia is a non-Mayoral agency of the City of Philadelphia governed by an independent Board of Trustees as per the Charter of the City of Philadelphia.

The Free Library of Philadelphia Foundation is a separate 501(c)(3) non-profit with its own board of directors and serves to support the mission of the Free Library of Philadelphia through philanthropic dollars.
Siberian roe deer
The Siberian roe deer, eastern roe deer, or Asian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), is a species of roe deer found in northeastern Asia. In addition to Siberia and Mongolia, it is found in Kazakhstan, the Tian Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan, eastern Tibet, the Korean Peninsula and forested regions of northern China.

Its specific name pygargus, literally "white-rumped", is shared by the pygarg, an antelope known in antiquity. The name was chosen by the German biologist Peter Simon Pallas in the late 18th century. The Siberian roe deer has long antlers.

Northeast Asia
Northeast Asia, sometimes called Northeastern Asia or Northeast Eurasia, is a geographical subregion of Asia. Its northeastern landmass and islands are bounded by the North Pacific Ocean.

The term Northeast Asia was popularized during the 1930s by American historian and political scientist Robert Kerner. Under Kerner's definition, "Northeast Asia" includes the Japanese archipelago, the Korean peninsula, the Mongolian Plateau, the Northeast China Plain, and the mountainous regions of the Russian Far East, stretching from the Lena River in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
Paul Menhart
Paul Gerard Menhart (born March 25, 1969) is an American baseball pitching coach for the West Virginia Power of the Atlantic League and former Major League Baseball player. He attended Western Carolina University and was a pitcher for three teams in Major League Baseball.

South Atlantic League
The South Atlantic League, often informally called the Sally League, is a Minor League Baseball league with teams predominantly in states along the Atlantic coast of the United States from New York to Georgia. A Class A league for most of its history, the league was promoted to High-A as part of Major League Baseball's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues. The league temporarily operated for the 2021 season as the High-A East before reassuming its original moniker in 2022.

A number of different leagues known as the South Atlantic League (SAL) have existed since 1904. The most recent SAL adopted the moniker in 1980, having previously been the Western Carolinas League, founded in 1963. All of these have been nicknamed "Sally League".
First African Baptist Church (Savannah, Georgia)
First African Baptist Church, located in Savannah, Georgia, claims to be derived from the first black Baptist congregation in North America. While it was not officially organized until 1788, it grew from members who founded a congregation in 1773. Its claim of "first" is contested by the Silver Bluff Baptist Church, Aiken County, South Carolina (1773), and the First Baptist Church of Petersburg, Virginia, whose congregation officially organized in 1774.

First African Baptist Church operates a museum which displays memorabilia dating back to the 18th century.

Albert J. Raboteau
Albert Jordy Raboteau II (September 4, 1943 – September 18, 2021) was an American scholar of African and African-American religions. Since 1982, he had been affiliated with Princeton University, where he was Henry W. Putnam Professor of Religion.
Christoph Mangold
Christoph Andreas Mangold (1719, Erfurt – 2 July 1767, Erfurt)  was a German professor of anatomy at the University of Jena (at the time part of Saxe-Weimar), who also studied chemistry.

Christoph Mangold received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Erfurt in 1751. He was a member of the Academie der Wissenschaften of Erfurt.

Mangold is known for his studies of gunpowder and cinnabar as well as the idea that medical diagnosis should be based upon symptoms, laboratory tests, and comparisons with other patients. He was notably the advisor of Ernst Gottfried Baldinger.

University and State Library Düsseldorf
The University and State Library Düsseldorf (German: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf, abbreviated ULB Düsseldorf) is a central service institution of Heinrich Heine University. Along with Bonn and Münster, it is also one of the three State Libraries of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Tibor Mezőfi
Tibor Mezőfi (March 18, 1926 in Rákospalota – August 10, 2000 in Budapest) was a Hungarian basketball player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

He was a member of the Hungarian team, which finished sixteenth in the 1948 tournament. Four years later he was part of the Hungarian basketball team, which was eliminated after the group stage in the 1952 tournament. He played all six matches.

Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics was the second appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. A total number of 23 nations entered the competition.

Olympic basketball returned to indoor competition in Harringay Arena, after the disastrous weather conditions of the final game in the 1936 Summer Olympics.