hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gatcombe, Somerset
Gatcombe at Ashton Watering within the civil parish of Long Ashton, Somerset, England, is the location of a Grade II* listed building which was built on the site of a Roman settlement.

It is close to the Land Yeo river, the A370 road and the Bristol to Exeter railway line.

Bristol–Exeter line
The Bristol to Exeter line is a major branch of the Great Western Main Line in the West of England and runs from Bristol, to Exeter, from where it continues as the Exeter to Plymouth line. It  was one of the principal routes of the pre-1948 Great Western Railway which were subsequently taken over by the Western Region of British Railways and are now part of the Network Rail system.
Hi-Fi and the Roadburners
Hi Fi and the Roadburners were a rock band from Chicago whose music has been described as "rockabilly infused with punk" and "bebop and boogie-woogie".  They formed in 1984 and have had many line-up changes, with the Kish brothers, Erik and Hans, being the only constant members.  They signed with Victory Records in 1993.

Erik "Hi Fi" Kish also owned and operated Fear City Choppers with his brother Hans and Billy Favata on Chicago's Northside. Fear City Choppers' main focus is personalizing custom Harley Davidson and Triumph motorcycles. Fear City Choppers' motorcycles have been featured in the Horse Backstreet Choppers magazine.

On Thursday September 29, 2011, frontman Erik "Hi Fi" Kish died after a motorcycle accident the previous evening.

San Antonio Express-News
The San Antonio Express-News is a daily newspaper in San Antonio, Texas, founded in 1865. It is owned by the Hearst Corporation and has offices in San Antonio and Austin, Texas. The Express-News is the third largest newspaper in the state of Texas, with a daily circulation of nearly 100,000 copies in 2016. The newspaper's online presence can be found at Expressnews.com. Hearst also owns MYSanAntonio.com, which shares office space with the Express-News but maintains a separate newsroom and website. MYSanAntonio.com, or MySA, is editorially independent of ExpressNews.com.

From 1881, the San Antonio Express-News' main competitor was the San Antonio Evening Light, which became a Hearst publication in 1924 and was shut down, in 1993, when Hearst bought the Express-News.
Simko Shikak
Ismail Agha Shikak (Kurdish: ئیسماعیل ئاغا شکاک, Îsmaîl Axayê Şikak), also known as Simko (Kurdish: سمکۆ, Simko; 1887–1930), was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shekak tribe. He was a warlord who controlled significant land and led thousands of Kurdish rebels who defeated the Qajar and Pahlavi armies on several occasions. He had also fought against the Ottomans and other foreign troops in Iran. He also led ethnic conflicts of Assyrians and Azerbaijanis. In 1930, he was assassinated by the government of Pahlavi Iran.

Khoy
Khoy (Persian: خوی) is a city in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Occupied since Median times, it shares a long history as an important Christian center.
'Abdallah al-Sharqawi
Sheikh Abdullah al-Sharqawi (Arabic: عبد الله الشرقاوي) (1737 – 1812) was an Egyptian writer and scholar of the Khalwati sufi order. He was known for being the Grand Imam of al-Azhar during the French Campaign in Egypt and Syria, and for being one of the Leaders of the resistance against the French Occupation in Egypt, he was also one of the Three Leaders to crown Mehmet Ali Pasha in 1805.

Grand Imam of al-Azhar
The Grand Imam of al-Azhar (Arabic: الإمام الأكبر), also known as Grand Sheikh of al-Azhar (Arabic: شيخ الأزهر الشريف), is a prestigious and a prominent official title in Egypt and the Islamic world. The current Grand Imam is Ahmed el-Tayeb, who assumed the role on 10 March 2010.

The Grand Imam of al-Azhar is considered, by most Muslims, to be the highest authority in Sunni Islamic thought and Islamic jurisprudence and holds great influence on followers of the theological Ash'ari and Maturidi traditions worldwide. The Grand Imam heads the Al-Azhar Al Sharif, al-Azhar Mosque, and by extension al-Azhar University, and is responsible for official religious matters along with the Grand Mufti of Egypt.
Shiping Zhu
Shiping Zhu is a Canadian engineer who has served as Vice President of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen for external and student affairs since 2017. Previously he was a Canada Research Chair Distinguished Professor at McMaster University. He is also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, Engineering Institute of Canada, Chemical Institute of Canada, Canadian Academy of Engineering, .

Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (abbreviated as CUHK–Shenzhen or CUHK–SZ) is a university in Longgang, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It was established under a partnership between the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shenzhen University. The university was approved by the Ministry of Education of China on 21 March 2014.

According to the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), the relationship between its campus in Sha Tin, Hong Kong and CUHK–Shenzhen is "one brand, two campuses". Both campuses are supervised by the same Senate and share the same academic structure and curriculum design. Graduates from CUHK–Shenzhen are awarded degrees of CUHK, the same as those awarded to CUHK graduates (but denoting "Shenzhen" in the main text), as well as a graduation certificate conferred by CUHK–Shenzhen.

As of 2024, more than 10,000 undergraduate and postgraduate students are studying at CUHK-Shenzhen.
Fernando Angel
Fernando Angel (born 16 September 1963) is a Mexican musician who was a member of the ranchera group, Los Temerarios.

Fernando Angel is the cousin of Adolfo and Gustavo Angel, original band members. He joined the group in 1982, when the group was still known as Grupo Brisas. In 1983, the group changed its name to Los Temerarios. Fernando plays bass guitar.

Fernando Angel is perhaps the least known member of the Angel family in the group. This may be because usually Adolfo's and Gustavo's photographs headline the group's CDs and concert posters. Nevertheless, he has also become popular in Mexico and the rest of Latin America as a member of the famous group. He has also impressed many music critics with his ability to play the bass.

Fernando left the group in 2005, with his last performance in their hometown of Fresnillo, Zacatecas.

Fresnillo
Fresnillo (Spanish pronunciation: [fres'nijo]) is a city in north central Mexico, founded in 1554 by Francisco de Ibarra. It is the second largest city in  the state of Zacatecas and the seat of Fresnillo municipality. As a rail and highway junction, Fresnillo is the center of a rich mining area known especially for silver, and the location of one of the world's richest silver mines, the Mina Proaño or Fresnillo Mine, which belongs to the Peñoles mining company. Other important economic activities include agriculture (cereals, beans), cattle raising, and a mining school. Fresnillo is also the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name which surrounds it. The municipality had a population of 196,538 and an areal extent of 4,947 square kilometres (1,910 sq mi).

It is the location of religious pilgrimages to see the famous Santo Niño de Atocha ("Holy Child of Atocha"), a Roman Catholic devotional statue brought to Mexico from Spain.
Ka'b al-Ahbar
Kaʿb al-Aḥbār (Arabic: كعب الأحبار, full name Abū Isḥāq Kaʿb ibn Maniʿ al-Ḥimyarī (Arabic: ابو اسحاق كعب بن مانع الحميري) was a 7th-century Yemenite Jew from the Arab tribe of "Dhī Raʿīn" (Arabic: ذي رعين) who converted to Islam. He was considered to be the earliest authority on Israʼiliyyat and South Arabian lore. According to Islamic tradition, he accompanied Umar in his trip from Medina to Jerusalem, and afterwards, became a supporter of Uthman. He died in Hims around 652-56.

South Arabia
South Arabia (Arabic: جنوب الجزيرة العربية), or Greater Yemen, is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it historically included Najran, Jazan, and Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and Dhofar of present-day Oman.

South Arabia is inhabited by people possessing distinctive linguistic and ethnic affinities, as well as traditions and culture, transcending recent political boundaries. There are two indigenous language groups: the now extinct Old South Arabian languages and the unrelated Modern South Arabian languages, both members of the Semitic family.
2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup Group D
Group D of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup was the group stage of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup for Lithuania, Angola, South Korea, Slovenia, Mexico and Australia. Each team played each other once, for a total of five games per team, with all of the games played at Gran Canaria Arena, Las Palmas, located in the island of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands. After all of the games were played, the four teams with the best records qualified for the final round.

Gran Canaria Arena
Gran Canaria Arena, originally known as Palacio Multiusos de Gran Canaria, is an indoor sporting arena located in Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain. The arena, opened in 2014 by Mariano Rajoy, has a capacity of 11,470 spectators and is the home arena of CB Gran Canaria.

The first game in Gran Canaria Arena was the game of the 28th round of the 2013–14 ACB season between Herbalife Gran Canaria and FC Barcelona, played on 1 May 2014.

The arena hosted of the groups of the main round of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup and the basketball's Copa del Rey in February 2015.
Les Luthiers
Les Luthiers was an Argentine comedy-musical group, very popular also in several other Spanish-speaking countries including Paraguay, Guatemala, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, Bolivia, Cuba, Costa Rica and Venezuela. They were formed in 1967 by Gerardo Masana, during the height of a period of very intense choral music activity in Argentina's state universities. Their outstanding characteristic is the home-made musical instruments (hence the name luthiers, French for "musical instrument maker"), some of them extremely sophisticated, which they skillfully employ in their recitals to produce music and texts full of high class and refined humor. From 1977 until his death in 2007, they worked with Roberto Fontanarrosa, a renowned Argentine cartoonist and writer.

Melodica
The melodica is a handheld free reed instrument similar in sound to a pump organ or harmonica. It features a musical keyboard on top, and is played by blowing air through a mouthpiece that fits into a hole in the side of the instrument. The keyboard usually covers two or three octaves. Melodicas are small, lightweight, and portable, and many are designed for children to play. They are popular in music education programs, especially in Asia. The modern form of the instrument was invented by Hohner in the late 1950s, though similar instruments have been known in Italy since the 19th century.
Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae is a plant pathogen that causes cedar-apple rust. In virtually any location where apples or crabapples (Malus) and eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) coexist, cedar apple rust can be a destructive or disfiguring disease on both the apples and cedars. Apples, crabapples, and eastern red cedar are the most common hosts for this disease. Similar diseases can be found on quince and hawthorn and many species of juniper can substitute for the eastern red cedars.

Quince
The quince (/ˈkwɪns/; Cydonia oblonga) is the sole member of the genus Cydonia in the Malinae subtribe (which contains apples, pears, and other fruits) of the Rosaceae family. It is a deciduous tree that bears hard, aromatic bright golden-yellow pome fruit, similar in appearance to a pear. Ripe quince fruits are hard, tart, and astringent. They are eaten raw or processed into jam, quince cheese, or alcoholic drinks.

The quince tree is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive pale pink blossoms and as a miniature bonsai plant.
Chambers Street station (IRT Sixth Avenue Line)
The Chambers Street station was a station on the demolished IRT Sixth Avenue Line in Manhattan, New York City. It had two tracks and two side platforms. It was served by trains from the IRT Sixth Avenue Line and opened on June 5, 1878. It closed on December 4, 1938. The next southbound stop was Park Place. The next northbound stop was Franklin Street. The Chambers Street – World Trade Center / Park Place station complex can be found within the vicinity of the former elevated railroad station.

Chambers Street–World Trade Center/Park Place/Cortlandt Street station
The Chambers Street–World Trade Center/Park Place/Cortlandt Street station is a New York City Subway station complex on the IND Eighth Avenue Line, IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, and BMT Broadway Line. Located on Church Street between Chambers and Cortlandt Streets in the Financial District of Manhattan, it is served by the 2, A and E trains at all times; W train on weekdays; 3, C and R trains at all times except late nights; and N train during late nights.

The station also connects to the PATH via the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, and to the nearby Fulton Center via the Dey Street Passageway.
Zerasca
The Zerasca is an Italian breed of upland sheep from the province of Massa Carrara, in Tuscany in central Italy. It is raised almost exclusively in the comune of Zeri and the neighbouring comune of Pontremoli,: 306  and is one of the forty-two autochthonous local sheep breeds of limited distribution for which a flock-book is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders.

It is reared only for lamb; lambs are milk-fed until they are slaughtered.

Province of Massa-Carrara
The province of Massa-Carrara (Italian: provincia di Massa-Carrara) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. It is named after the provincial capital Massa, and Carrara, the other main town in the province.
O loupežníku Rumcajsovi
O loupežníku Rumcajsovi is a Czech animated television series by writer Václav Čtvrtek and illustrator Radek Pilař. Series is about the robber Rumcajs who lives in the Řáholec forest near Jičín. Series was created and premiered in three seasons, the first in 1967 and 1968, the second in 1969 and 1970, both voiced by Karel Höger, and the third in 1984, voiced by Eduard Cupák. All three series have a total of 39 episodes. In 1972, thirteen episodes of spin off series O loupežnickém synku Cipískovi were filmed with the character of the robber Rumcajs, In English Version, it was broadcast as The Robber Name Rumcajs on BBC in U.K. and PBS in U.S.

Václav Čtvrtek
Children's literature portal

Václav Cafourek (4 April 1911 – 6 November 1976), commonly known under his pen name of Václav Čtvrtek, was a Czech poet and author. His most famous works include Křemílek and Vochomůrka, Rumcajs and Víla Amálka. He primarily wrote fairy tales for children, and some of his works have been adapted on the Czech children's television program Večerníček. On 4 April 2011, Google celebrated his 100th birthday by replacing the original Google logo with a doodle celebrating his works for a day on Google Czech Republic.
Exechopsis
Exechopsis is a genus of South American dwarf spiders that was first described by Alfred Frank Millidge in 1991. As of May 2019 it contains only three species: E. conspicua, E. eberhardi, and E. versicolor.

A. F. Millidge
Alfred Frank Millidge (1914 – 16 April 2012) was a British arachnologist who specialised in the spider family Linyphiidae. He co-authored the influential three-volume work British Spiders with G. H. Locket and conducted extensive taxonomic research on North American and South American linyphiid spiders.
Meirinkan
Meirinkan (明倫館) was a han school located in the Chōshū Domain of Japan. The school was one of the three major educational institutions in Japan, along with the Kōdōkan in Mito Domain and Shizutani School in Okayama Domain.

Chōshū Domain
The Chōshū Domain (長州藩, Chōshū-han), also known as the Hagi Domain (萩藩, Hagi-han), was a domain (han) of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1871.

The Chōshū Domain was based at Hagi Castle in Nagato Province, in the modern city of Hagi, located in the Chūgoku region of the island of Honshu. The Chōshū Domain was ruled for its existence by the tozama daimyō of the Mōri, whose branches also ruled the neighboring Chōfu and Kiyosue domains and was assessed under the Kokudaka system with peak value of 369,000 koku. The Chōshū Domain was the most prominent anti-Tokugawa domain and formed the Satchō Alliance with the rival Satsuma Domain during the Meiji Restoration, becoming instrumental in the establishment of the Empire of Japan and the Meiji oligarchy. The Chōshū Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 by the Meiji government and its territory was absorbed into Yamaguchi Prefecture.
University of St. Gallen
The University of St. Gallen (HSG) (German: Universität St. Gallen) is a public research university located in St. Gallen, Switzerland, that specialises in business administration, economics, law, international affairs, and computer science. It was established in 1898. It consistently ranks as one of the best business schools in Europe. In 2022, it had 9,590 students, of which 3,757 were master's students and 584 were doctoral students.

Although it is one of Switzerland's smallest universities, HSG has Switzerland's largest faculty for business administration. It has produced more billionaires in Europe than any other European university. It is a member of the CEMS and APSIA and is EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA accredited (triple crown accreditation). Its campus is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The university is owned by the canton of St. Gallen.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
Optical mark recognition
Optical mark recognition  (OMR) collects data from people by identifying markings on a paper. 
OMR enables the hourly processing of hundreds or even thousands of documents. A common application of this technology is used in exams, where students mark cells as their answers. This allows for very fast automated grading of exam sheets.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Japanese destroyer Kaba
Two warships of Japan have borne the name Kaba:

Japanese destroyer Kaba (1915), a Kaba-class destroyer launched in 1915 and struck in 1932

Japanese destroyer Kaba (1945), a Tachibana-class destroyer launched in 1945 and scrapped in 1948

Japanese destroyer Kaba (1945)
Kaba (樺; "Birch") was one of 23 escort destroyers of the Tachibana sub-class of the Matsu class built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during the final stages of World War II. Completed in mid-1945, the ship was slightly damaged during the American attacks on Kure and the Inland Sea in July. She was used to repatriate Japanese personnel after the war until 1947. Mid-year the destroyer was turned over to the United States and subsequently scrapped.
Bakka'in
In Islamic history, the Bakka'in were a group of Muslim men who were saddened because they could not afford to travel with the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his army on his campaign to Tabuk. Also known as the Weepers, the Bakka'in were able to join the journey when Abdur-Rahman donated 200 awqiyyah (40 Dirham) of gold to finance the journey.

Uqiyyah
The uqiyyah (Arabic: أُوقِيَّة), sometimes spelled awqiyyah, is the name for a historical unit of weight that varies between regions, as listed below. 1 uqiyyah= 40 dirham. 
1 dirham= 0.7 dinar.

It corresponds to the historical Roman ounce and was defined in Iraq as one twelfth of a ratl or in parts of Egypt as one eighth of a ratl. As the ratl varied so did the uqiyyah as its part.

Egypt: 37g

Aleppo: 320g

Beirut: 213.39g

Jerusalem: 240g

Malta: ~26.46 g

The same unit, pronounced okka (uqqa) in Turkish, was used in the Ottoman Empire until the early 20th century. The standard Istanbul okka equaled 128.3 g.

The ouguiya, the currency of Mauritania, takes its name from  the Hassaniya Arabic pronunciation of uqiyyah.
RonNell Andersen Jones
RonNell Andersen Jones is an American legal scholar who is the Lee E. Teitelbaum endowed professor of law and Associate Dean of Faculty and Research at the S.J. Quinney College of Law at the University of Utah. She is also an Affiliated Fellow at Yale Law School's Information Society Project. Previously, Jones was a law professor and Associate Dean of Academic Affairs and Research at the J. Reuben Clark Law School at Brigham Young University, where she was twice named Professor of the Year. Jones has previously been a reporter employed by the Deseret News and she specializes in the study of the integration of the press, the law, and the courts.

Information Society Project
The Information Society Project (ISP) at Yale Law School is an intellectual center studying the implications of the Internet and new information technologies for law and society. The ISP was founded in 1997 by Jack Balkin, Knight Professor of Constitutional Law and the First Amendment at Yale Law School. Jack Balkin is the director of the ISP.

Chinmayi Arun is the executive director of the ISP (2022–present). Previous Executive Directors have included Valerie Belair-Gagnon (2014–22), Margot E. Kaminsky (2011–14), Laura DeNardis (2008–11), and Eddan Katz.

Faculty Fellows have included: Yochai Benkler, Professor of Law; Ian Ayres, William K. Townsend Professor of Law; Robert Post (law professor), David, Boies Professor of Law; Carol Rose, Gordon Bradford Tweedy, Professor of Law and Organization; and Henry Smith, Professor of Law. Fellows have included: Beth Simone Noveck, Mike Godwin, Wendy Seltzer, Peter Suber, and Michael Zimmer.