hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Georgia State Route 78
State Route 78 (SR 78) is a 59.6-mile-long (95.9 km) backward question mark-shaped state highway in the southeast part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway travels from Soperton north and northwest to Wrightsville, then turning northeast to Wadley and, finally, east, to its eastern terminus, at a point northwest of Midville.

Wrightsville, Georgia
Wrightsville is a city in and the county seat of Johnson County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,195 at the 2010 census, down from 2,223 at the 2000 census. By 2020, its population grew to 3,449. The city limits include Johnson State Prison on the northeast side of town. Wrightsville is part of the Dublin Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2022 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The 2022 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters was the thirty-sixth season of the premier German motor racing championship and also the twenty-third season under the moniker of Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters since the series' resumption in 2000. It was the second season of the DTM to be run under Group GT3 regulations.

Sheldon van der Linde won his first DTM championship driving a BMW M4 GT3 for Schubert Motorsport and Schubert Motorsport won the Teams' Championship.

Nicki Thiim
Nicki Thiim (born 17 April 1989 in Sønderborg, Denmark) is a Danish professional racing driver, and Aston Martin Racing works driver in the IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship and also drives for SSR Performance in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters.
Ninhydrin
Ninhydrin (2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2C(OH)2.  It is used to detect ammonia and amines. Upon reaction with these amines, ninhydrin gets converted into deep blue or purple derivatives, which are called Ruhemann's purple. Ninhydrin is most commonly used to detect fingerprints in forensic cases, as the terminal amines of lysine residues in peptides and proteins sloughed off in fingerprints react with ninhydrin.

Ninhydrin is a white solid that is soluble in ethanol and acetone. Ninhydrin can be considered as the hydrate of indane-1,2,3-trione.

Hydrate
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
Clarence Hunter
Clarence Hunter (3 February 1891 – 30 September 1930) was a cricketer from British Guiana. He played in seven first-class matches for British Guiana from 1910 to 1923, and was part of the West Indian team that toured England in 1923.

Guyana national cricket team
The Guyana national cricket team is the representative first class cricket team of Guyana. The side does not take part in any international competitions, but rather in inter-regional competitions in the Caribbean, such as the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50), and the best players may be selected for the West Indies team, which plays international cricket and is the only team in the Americas with Test status. Guyana has participated in the South American Cricket Championship for some editions, but were represented by an overage "masters" team. The team competes under the franchise name Guyana Harpy Eagles.

Prominent cricketers who have played for Guyana include Devendra Bishoo, Basil Butcher, Shivnarine Chanderpaul, Colin Croft, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Roger Harper, Carl Hooper, Leon Johnson, Alvin Kallicharran, Rohan Kanhai, Clive Lloyd, Veerasammy Permaul and Ramnaresh Sarwan.
Timothy Sullivan
Timothy Daniel Sullivan (July 23, 1862 – August 31, 1913) was a New York politician who controlled Manhattan's Bowery and Lower East Side districts as a prominent leader within Tammany Hall. He was known euphemistically as "Dry Dollar", as the "Big Feller", and later as "Big Tim" because of his physical stature. He amassed a large fortune as a businessman running vaudeville and legitimate theaters, as well as nickelodeons, race tracks, and athletic clubs.

Sullivan in 1911 pushed through the legislature the Sullivan Act, an early gun control measure. He was a strong supporter of organized labor and women's suffrage. The newspapers depicted Big Tim as the spider in the center of the web, mentioning his criminal activities and his control over gambling in the city. Welch says that "assigning the role of vice lord to Sullivan gave Tammany's enemies a weapon to be wielded in every municipal election between 1886 and 1912".

Gun control
Gun control, or firearms regulation, is the set of laws or policies that regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, or use of firearms and ammunition by civilians.

Most countries allow civilians to own firearms, but have strong firearms laws to prevent misuse or violence. They typically restrict ownership of firearms with certain characteristics, and require a mandatory gun safety course and firearms license to own a gun.

Only a few countries, such as Iraq, Yemen, Pakistan and the United States are considered permissive jurisdictions.

In some countries, such as Australia or the United States, measures can be implemented at the national, state, or local levels. Countries like the United States and Mexico have constitutionally protected gun rights.
HMS Nestor
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Nestor, after Nestor, a figure in Greek mythology:

HMS Nestor (1781), a 28-gun sixth rate, formerly the French privateer Franklin, of Dunkirk. Franklin was under the command of an American captain, Bennet Negus, and cruised between April and June 1781, taking several prizes, before Ramillies and Ulysses captured her; she was sold in 1783.

HMS Nestor (1915), an Admiralty M-class destroyer launched in 1915 and sunk during the Battle of Jutland in 1916.

HMAS Nestor (G02), an N-class destroyer launched in 1940. She was used by the Royal Australian Navy though she remained British property. She was sunk in 1942.

HMS Nestor (1915)
HMS Nestor, launched on 22 December 1915, was an Admiralty M-class destroyer. She served in the 13th Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet and was sunk on 31 May 1916 at the Battle of Jutland.  The Wreck is designated as a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986
Make Way for Noddy
Make Way for Noddy, stylized make way for NODDY or also known as simply Noddy, is an animated television series based on the Noddy character by English children's author Enid Blyton. It was broadcast on Channel 5 (later known as Five; in twelve minute segments and as part of the Milkshake! programme) from 2 September 2002 to 7 April 2006. It features music and songs composed by Steven Bernstein and Julie Bernstein, along with Larry Grossman and Lorraine Feather, with the musical direction done by Sharon Sampson and Terry Sampson.

Justin Fletcher
Justin Fletcher (born 15 June 1970) is an English children's television presenter, actor, comedian and singer, known for mainly appearing on CBeebies. Speaking and performing in various, often self-created, roles, he specialises in slapstick comedy and works with children with special educational needs through his show Something Special.
2024 Limerick Premier Junior A Hurling Championship
The 2024 Limerick Premier Junior A Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Limerick Premier Junior A Hurling Championship. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 8 February 2024. The championship ran from 1 August to 26 October 2024.

The final was played on 26 October 2024 at Seán Finn Park in Rathkeale, between Feenagh–Kilmeedy and St Patrick's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Feenagh–Kilmeedy won the match by 3–16 to 2–16 to claim their first ever championship title.

Rathkeale
Rathkeale (Irish: Ráth Caola, meaning 'Caola's ringfort') is a town in west County Limerick, in Ireland. It is 30 km (18 mi) southwest of Limerick city on the N21 road to Tralee, County Kerry, and lies on the River Deel. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

It has a significant Irish Traveller population, and since 1995, almost half the town residents have been members of the travelling community. Rathkeale also has the largest concentration of descendants of the German Palatines who immigrated to Ireland in the early 18th century.

Rathkeale has shopping facilities, a museum, two primary schools, and a community college (Coláiste na Trócaire, founded in 1995). The town has a large Roman Catholic parish church, St. Mary's, Augustinian Abbey ruins, and the Holy Trinity Church of Ireland church.
SIG SG 550
The SIG SG 550 is an assault rifle manufactured by SIG Sauer AG (formerly a division of Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft, now known as SIG Holding AG) in Switzerland. "SG" is an abbreviation for Sturmgewehr ("assault rifle"). The SG 550 was co-developed by Sig Sauer AG and Italian firearm manufacturer Beretta, and is based on the earlier predecessor, the SIG SG 540, chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO.

SIG Group
SIG Group AG is a Swiss multinational corporation and one of the biggest manufacturers in the packaging industry.

Originally founded 1853 as a railway car producer named Schweizerische Waggonfabrik ("Swiss Wagon Factory"), it was renamed SIG (Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft, German for Swiss Industrial Company; in French, as Société Industrielle Suisse; and, in Italian, as Società Industriale Svizzera) a decade later, after it had won a contract for the production of firearms by the Swiss government.

The SIG Group shares are listed on SIX Swiss Exchange and are a component of the SMI MID index. The industrial site at the headquarters in Neuhausen am Rheinfall is located directly on the Rhine Falls. Built at this location in 1853 for the use of hydroelectric power, the site was transferred to the SIG Charitable Foundation in 2011.
National Sport Center Tel Aviv
32°06′18″N 34°49′21″E﻿ / ﻿32.104873°N 34.822463°E﻿ / 32.104873; 34.822463

National Sport Center Tel Aviv (also Hadar Yosef Sports Center) is a compound of stadiums and sports facilities. It also houses the Olympic Committee of Israel and the National Athletics Stadium with the Israeli Athletic Association. Nearby is a multi-purpose sports hall with the Israel Judo Association and several Israeli sports associations. The National Sport Center Tel Aviv is located in the Hadar Yosef neighborhood in north Tel Aviv, in the Yarkon Park. Near the compound is the Ramat Gan Stadium.

National Sport Center Tel Aviv is a supplementary compound to Wingate Institute in Netanya. While most training is done at the Wingate Institute, the National Sport Center oversees sports processes.

Netanya
Netanya (Hebrew: נתניה, IPA: [netanˈja]), or Natanya (IPA: [naˈtanja]), is a city in the Central District of Israel, and is the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain. It is 30 kilometres (20 mi) north of Tel Aviv, and 56 km (35 mi) south of Haifa, between the Poleg stream and the Wingate Institute in the south and the Avihayil stream in the north.

Netanya was named in honor of Nathan Straus, a prominent Jewish American merchant and philanthropist in the early 20th century who was the co-owner of Macy's department store. The 14 km (8+1⁄2 mi) of beaches have made the city a popular tourist resort.

In 2023, Netanya had a population of 233,485, ranking it as the 7th largest city in Israel by population. An additional 150,000 people live in the local and regional councils within ten kilometres (six miles) of Netanya, which serves as a regional center for them. The city mayor was Miriam Feirberg, who died in 2025.
Attempted assassination of Julio Ribeiro
On 3 October 1986, militants from the Khalistan Commando Force, led by Labh Singh, made an attempt on the life of Director General of Police in Punjab, India, Julio Ribeiro in Jalandhar within the Punjab Armored Police headquarters. Ribeiro was wounded in the attack along with his wife. Ribeiro's wounds were minor, but his wife was hospitalized. 2 officers were killed and 2 were seriously wounded in the attack. All the attackers escaped unhurt.

Khalistan Commando Force
The Khalistan Commando Force (KCF) is a pro-Khalistan militant organisation operating in the state of Punjab, India with prominent members based in Canada, United Kingdom and Pakistan. Its objective is the creation of a Sikh state of Khalistan through armed struggle. It is also responsible for many assassinations in India, including the 1995 assassination of Beant Singh, Chief Minister of Punjab, India. It is designated as a terrorist organisation by the Government of India.
CMG (company)
CMG (Computer Management Group) was a consulting company focused on telecommunications and computing and based in London, United Kingdom. It was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until it merged with Logica in 2002.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Silman
Silman is a surname. People with that name include:

Benny Silman (active 1998), jailed for masterminding a point shaving scandal at Arizona State University

David Silman (born 1959), English footballer

Idit Silman (born 1980), Israeli politician

Jeremy Silman (1954–2023), American chess player and writer

Moshe Silman (1954–2012), Israeli activist who set himself on fire and died as a result

David Silman
David Alan Silman (born 28 October 1959) is an English retired professional footballer who made one appearance as a central defender in the Football League for Brentford. He went on to play for over a decade in non-League football and had a spell as player-manager of Hounslow.
Acanthobrama tricolor
Acanthobrama tricolor, or the Damascus bream,  is a species of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae. It is endemic to Syria and the Golan Heights, and is recently only known by two specimens found in the Masil al Fawwar river system in the late 1980s. It has been extirpated from the Barada river system, where it has not been seen since 1908. It is considered Critically Endangered, and may possibly be extinct, but no studies of the river systems in the Golan Heights have been conducted, and it may still survive there, but the lower Barada is now dry, and the middle portions of the river are heavily polluted.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Eugen Netto
Eugen Otto Erwin Netto (30 June 1848 – 13 May 1919) was a German mathematician. He was born in Halle and died in Giessen.

Netto's theorem, on the dimension-preserving properties of continuous bijections, is named for Netto. Netto published this theorem in 1878, in response to Georg Cantor's proof of the existence of discontinuous bijections between the unit interval and unit square. His proof was not fully rigorous, but its errors were later repaired.

Unit square
In mathematics, a unit square is a square whose sides have length 1.  Often, the unit square refers specifically to the square in the Cartesian plane with corners at the four points (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), and (1, 1).
Phacoemulsification
Phacoemulsification is a cataract surgery method in which the internal lens of the eye which has developed a cataract is emulsified with the tip of an ultrasonic handpiece and aspirated from the eye. Aspirated fluids are replaced with irrigation of balanced salt solution to maintain the volume of the anterior chamber during the procedure. This procedure minimises the incision size and reduces the recovery time and risk of surgery-induced astigmatism.

It is best suited to relatively soft cataracts, where the ultrasonic energy required is moderate, and insertion of foldable intraocular prosthetic lenses, which take advantage of the small incision possible. It is the most common procedure for cataract removal in the developed world, with an excellent prognosis in uncomplicated cases.

Speculum (medicine)
A speculum (Latin for 'mirror'; pl.: specula or speculums) is a medical tool for investigating body orifices, with a form dependent on the orifice for which it is designed.  In old texts, the speculum may also be referred to as a diopter or dioptra. Like an endoscope, a speculum allows a view inside the body; endoscopes, however, tend to have optics while a speculum is intended for direct vision.
Broadford, County Clare
Broadford (Irish: Áth Leathan) is a small village in eastern County Clare, Ireland and a Catholic parish of the same name. As of the 2022 census, the village population was 294.

The R466 road passes through the village of Broadford between O'Callaghan's Mills and O'Briens Bridge. Broadford is in the Glenomra Valley on the southern slopes of the Slieve Bearnagh Mountains near Doon Lough.

The Catholic parish of Broadford is in the Diocese of Killaloe. It originated in the medieval parishes of Kilseily and Killokennedy. Part of Killokennedy was amalgamated with Kilseily to form what is now the parish of Broadford. The parish today has three church buildings, which as of 2014 served about 800 parishioners.

Local Link bus route 318 operates to and from Ennis and Limerick as at 2025.

R466 road (Ireland)
The R466 road is a regional road in Ireland which runs southeast-northwest from the R445 at Birdhill, County Tipperary to the R352 in East Clare.

After leaving the R445 at Birdhill it passes through Montpelier before crossing the River Shannon at O'Briensbridge in County Clare via a narrow 14-arch bridge. It veers  northwest for the rest of the route, passing through Broadford and O'Callaghans Mills before terminating at a junction with the R352.

The route is 32 km (20 mi) long.
Khaybar Khaybar ya yahud
"Khaybar, Khaybar, ya yahud! Jaish Muhammad soufa yaʿoud!" (Arabic: خيبر خيبر يا يهود جيش محمد سوف يعود, lit. 'Khaybar, Khaybar, oh Jews! The army of Muhammad will return!') is an Arabic-language rallying slogan referencing the Battle of Khaybar of 628 CE, which began after Muhammad marched with a large Muslim army and besieged Khaybar, an oasis in present-day Saudi Arabia that was home to an established Jewish community.

The slogan is chanted primarily at public anti-Israel demonstrations, though it has been invoked during Islamist terrorist attacks as well.

The chant has been categorized as antisemitic by the American news broadcaster PBS, the Israeli newspaper The Times of Israel, the British advocacy group Muslims Against Antisemitism and the American advocacy group Anti-Defamation League.

Khaybar
Khaybar (Arabic: [ˈxæjbɑr], خَيْبَر) was an oasis in Medina Province, Saudi Arabia, situated some 153 kilometres (95 mi) north of the city of Medina. Prior to the arrival of Islam in the 7th century, the area had been inhabited by Arabian Jewish tribes until it was conquered by the Muslims under Muhammad during the Battle of Khaybar in 628 CE.
Memory-bound function
In computer science, a computational problem is memory-bound when the time it takes for it to complete is decided primarily by the amount of free memory required to hold the working data. This is in contrast to algorithms that are compute-bound, where the number of elementary computation steps is the deciding factor.

Memory and computation boundaries can sometimes be traded against each other, e.g. by saving and reusing preliminary results or using lookup tables.

Memoization
In computing, memoization or memoisation is an optimization technique used primarily to speed up computer programs. It works by storing the results of expensive calls to pure functions, so that these results can be returned quickly should the same inputs occur again. It is a type of caching, normally implemented using a hash table, and a typical example of a space–time tradeoff, where the runtime of a program is reduced by increasing its memory usage. Memoization can be implemented in any programming language, though some languages have built-in support that make it easy for the programmer to memoize a function, and others memoize certain functions by default.

Memoization has also been used in other contexts (and for purposes other than speed gains), such as in simple mutually recursive descent parsing. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling.
Servetseza Kadın
Servetseza Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: ثروت سزا قادين; 1823 – 24 September 1878; meaning "Worthy of riches" in Persian) was the first consort and chief consort (BaşKadin) of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire.

Murad V
Murad V (Ottoman Turkish: مراد خامس, romanized: Murâd-ı ḫâmis; Turkish: V. Murad; 21 September 1840 – 29 August 1904) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 30 May to 31 August 1876. The son of Abdulmejid I, he supported the conversion of the government to a constitutional monarchy. His uncle Abdulaziz had succeeded Abdulmejid to the throne and had attempted to name his own son as heir to the throne, which spurred Murad to participate in Abdulaziz's overthrow. But his own frail physical and mental health made his reign unstable, and Murad V was deposed in favor of his half-brother Abdul Hamid II after only 93 days.
Greenwood Township, Pennsylvania
Greenwood Township is the name of some places in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a U.S. state:

Greenwood Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania

Greenwood Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania

Greenwood Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania

Greenwood Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania

Greenwood Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania

Greenwood Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania
Greenwood Township is a township in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township has a population of 363 people, according to the 2020 United States census. Between Mahaffey and Grampian on U.S. Route 219, Greenwood Township contains the villages of Curry Run and Bells Landing. The West Branch of the Susquehanna River passes through it, along with several abandoned and presently used railroad grades.
National anthem of the Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1943)
"Surūd Millī" (Persian: سرود ملی, lit. 'National Anthem'), or better known as "Surūd Amani" (Persian: سرود امانی, lit. 'Amani Anthem') was the first national anthem of the Kingdom of Afghanistan in 1926. It was composed and arranged by Khalid Rajab Bey, a Turkish professor at the School of Industry and Music who taught music in Kabul during the reign of Amanullah Khan. It was played on state visits abroad by Amanullah. Although it is difficult to say whether it has become a national anthem in the modern sense. It does not have its own title or text. In 1943, it was replaced by a second national anthem.

Today, however, this song is used as the anthem of the Royal Afghan government-in-exile, with the lyrics of the poem Ali Bood, written by Rumi.

Kingdom of Afghanistan
The Kingdom of Afghanistan, also known as the Sublime State of Afghanistan, was a monarchy in Central Asia that was established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan. It was proclaimed by its first king, Amanullah Khan, seven years after he acceded to the throne. The monarchy ended in the 1973 Afghan coup d'état.