hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convolvulus kossmatii
Convolvulus kossmatii is a species of plant in the family Convolvulaceae. It is endemic to the island of Abd al Kuri in the Socotra archipelago of Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Socotra Governorate
The Socotra Archipelago (Arabic: أرخبيل سقطرى ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), officially the Socotra Archipelago Governorate (Arabic: محافظة أرخبيل سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā), abbreviated to Socotra Governorate (Arabic: محافظة سقطرى Muḥāfaẓat Suquṭrā), is one of the governorates of Yemen. It consists of four larger islands and three small islets in the Indian Ocean south of mainland Yemen and east of the Horn of Africa. The largest island is Socotra.
Ramata Parish
Ramata Parish (Latvian: Ramatas pagasts) is an administrative unit of Valmiera Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Prior to 2009, it was an administrative unit of the former Valmiera district. The administrative center is Ramata village.

Valmiera Municipality
Valmiera Municipality (Latvian: Valmieras novads) is one of the 35 municipalities established in Latvia in 2021, located approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of the national capital Riga. Its first elected municipal council took office on 1 July 2021. Its seat is the city of Valmiera.
Ninaithadhai Mudippavan
Ninaithadhai Mudippavan (transl. Accomplishes all his Goals) is a 1975 Indian Tamil-language action drama film, starring M. G. Ramachandran in dual roles, Latha, Manjula, M. N. Nambiar and Sharada in supporting roles. It is a remake of the 1970 Hindi film Sachaa Jhutha. The film was released on 9 May 1975 and became a blockbuster.

M. N. Nambiar
Mannjheri Narayanan Nambiar (7 March 1919 – 19 November 2008) was an Indian actor who predominantly worked in Tamil cinema, renowned for his portrayals of villainous characters. With a career spanning over eight decades, he became a notable figure in the industry. Nambiar also appeared in a few Malayalam, Telugu, English and Hindi films during his career.

He appeared in many MGR  movies as a villain. Some of the famous ones include Enga Veettu Pillai, Aayirathil Oruvan, Nadodi Mannan, Naalai Namadhe, Padagotti, Thirudathe, En Annan, Kaavalkaaran and Kudiyirundha Koyil.
Niarn
Niels Shahverdi Roos (born 10 July 1979 in Gug near Aalborg), better known as Niarn, is a Danish rapper. Signed to Copenhagen Records, he has released five albums including the Danish chart-topping album Antihelt.

Copenhagen Records
Copenhagen Records is a Danish record label formed on 5 January 2004 by former EMI Recorded Music Denmark staff members to give artists more artistic autonomy. It houses artists spread over a wide range of genres, from rock to rap, and from pop artists to comedians.

In September 2011, Universal Music Group acquired Copenhagen Records, and the rest of MBO Group. The label operates as one of UMG's standalone labels.
P. K. Gurudasan
P. K. Gurudasan (born 10 July 1935) is an Indian politician, trade unionist, and a member of Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was the Minister for Excise, Labour and Employment in the Government of Kerala headed by VS Achuthanandan between 2006 and 2011. He represented Kollam Assembly constituency in the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2006 to 2016. He is also the State President of Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU) and a member of Central Committee of CPI(M). Gurudasan earlier served as the General Secretary of Kerala State unit of CITU.

Kollam Assembly constituency
Kollam Assembly constituency is a legislative assembly constituency in the South Indian state of Kerala. It is one among the 11 assembly constituencies in Kollam district. As of the 2021 assembly elections, the current MLA is Mukesh of CPI(M).
Lycée Français René-Verneau
The Lycée Français René-Verneau de Gran Canaria (Spanish: Liceo Francés de Gran Canaria) is a French international school in Telde, Gran Canaria, Spain. It was established in 1974 and has integrated the Mission laïque française (Mlf) in 1986. It serves levels maternelle (preschool) through terminale, the final year of lycée (senior high school) and it allows French, English and Spanish languages learning from preschool for all children. As of 2017 the school has about 400 students range from 3 to 18 years.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
Rs5569
In genetics, rs5569 (A1287G or G1287A) is a genetic variant.
It is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the SLC6A2 gene in exon 9.
This gene codes the norepinephrine transporter.
The SNP is a silent substitution and
the nucleotides of both variants code a threonine amino acid.

Several research studies have examined the effect of the variant in relation to alcohol dependence,
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,
diabetes,
major depressive disorder,
panic disorder,
Tourette syndrome
and personality traits.
None of the studies have found an association.

Alcohol dependence
Alcohol dependence is a previous (DSM-IV and ICD-10) psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also chemically known as ethanol).

In 2013, it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder in DSM-5, which combined alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse into this diagnosis.
Savannah Jazz Festival
The Savannah Jazz Festival is an annual celebration of jazz music located in Savannah, Georgia, United States. It takes place for eight days during the last full week in September each year. Events and performances take place in various venues throughout the city, culminating in three days at the historic Forsyth Park. Admission to the event is free.

The Festival is organized by the Coastal Jazz Association (CJA) with funding provided by the City of Savannah Department of Arts and Culture and Historical Resources, as well as other sponsors and CJA members.

Forsyth Park
Forsyth Park (formerly known as Forsyth Place and Ward and the Military Parade Ground) is a large city park that occupies 30 acres (0.12 km2) in the historic district of Savannah, Georgia, United States. The park is bordered by Gaston Street to the north, Drayton Street to the east, Park Avenue to the south and Whitaker Street to the west. It contains walking paths, a children's play area, a Fragrant Garden for the blind, a large fountain, tennis courts, basketball courts, areas for soccer and Frisbee, and home field for Savannah Shamrocks Rugby Club. From time to time, there are concerts held at Forsyth to the benefit of the public.
MRV
MRV can refer to:

Mammalian orthoreovirus

Merovingian Music, a record label

Mini-rotary viscometer

Multiple reentry vehicle

MRV Communications, an American company

MRV Engenharia, a Brazilian homebuilder company

The IATA code for Mineralnye Vody Airport

Magnetic resonance venography, a variation of magnetic resonance angiography

Magnetic resonance velocimetry, an experimental method to obtain velocity fields in fluid mechanics

Medium reconnaissance vehicle, an Australian M113 armored personnel carrier variant

"Measurable, reportable, verifiable" – a term qualifying carbon emissions reductions in contexts such as deforestation (REDD)

Roll Flight MR V, a German powered parachute design

Mineralnye Vody Airport
Mineralnye Vody Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Минеральные Воды) (IATA: MRV, ICAO: URMM) (also written as Mineralnyye Vody Airport, which "Mineralnye Vody" literally translates to Mineral Waters) is an airport in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Mineralnye Vody. It features a civilian terminal area on its west side with 41 parking spots. The airfield houses a Tupolev Tu-154 maintenance facility on the east side.
John Hollingworth (priest)
John Banks Hollingworth  (14 December 1779 – 9 February 1856) was Archdeacon of Huntingdon from 25 February 1828 until his death.

Hollingworth was born in London to John and Elizabeth Hollingworth. He was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge and ordained in 1804. He held incumbencies at Little St Mary's, Cambridge and St Margaret Lothbury; and was Norrisian Professor of Divinity from 1824 to 1838.

Christianity portal

St Margaret Lothbury
St Margaret Lothbury is a Church of England parish church on Lothbury in the City of London; it spans the boundary between Coleman Street Ward and Broad Street Ward. Recorded since the 12th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666 and rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher Wren. St Margaret Lothbury still serves as a parish church, as well as being the official church of five Livery Companies, two Ward Clubs and two Professional Institutes. It also has connections with many local finance houses, all of which hold special services each year.
Cove Orchard, Oregon
Cove Orchard is an unincorporated community in Yamhill County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is along Oregon Route 47 between Yamhill and Gaston in the northern part of the county.

According to Oregon Geographic Names, F. C. Graham of Portland platted the community and chose the name. Cove Orchard had a post office from 1912 to 1953.

Yamhill, Oregon
Yamhill is a city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. Located in the northern part of the county, it is situated at the intersection of Oregon Route 47 and Oregon Route 240. The population was 1,147 at the 2020 census. Originally named North Yamhill, it was incorporated under that name by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 20, 1891.
The Little Black Box (collection)
The Little Black Box is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Philip K. Dick.  It was first published by Gollancz in 1990 and reprints Volume V of The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick.  It had not previously been published as a stand-alone volume.  Many of the stories had originally appeared in the magazines Worlds of Tomorrow, Galaxy Science Fiction, Amazing Stories, Fantasy and Science Fiction, Famous Science Fiction, Niekas, Rolling Stone College Papers, Interzone, Playboy, Omni and The Yuba City High Times.

Victor Gollancz Ltd
Victor Gollancz Ltd (/ɡəˈlænts/) was a major British book publishing house of the twentieth century and continues to publish science fiction and fantasy titles as an imprint of Orion Publishing Group.

Gollancz was founded in 1927 by Victor Gollancz, and specialised in the publication of high-quality literature, nonfiction, and popular fiction, including crime, detective, mystery, thriller, and science fiction. Upon Gollancz's death in 1967, ownership passed to his daughter, Livia, who in 1989 sold it to Houghton Mifflin. Three years later in October 1992, Houghton Mifflin sold Gollancz to the publishing house Cassell & Co. Cassell and its parent company Orion Publishing Group were acquired by Hachette in 1996, and in December 1998 the merged Orion/Cassell group turned Gollancz into its science fiction/fantasy imprint.
Millettia peguensis
Millettia peguensis, the Moulmein rosewood (Bengali: তূমা Tuma), is a legume tree species in the genus Millettia. It is native to Lower Burma and Siam. This is a relatively rare tree as compared to pongam (Pongamia pinnata) that is very similar looking, but more common in India. Pongam has white flowers while the Milletia flowers are bright pink. Pongam has more elongated tip to leaves, while those of M. peguensis are more oval. The plant is a food source for the Jamides bochus caterpillar.

No medicinal or other uses are reported for this plant but the common name Moulmein rosewood suggests that its timber is probably hard, heavy and as useful as some of other rosewoods. The tree is easily propagated in Delhi but it is not very well known in other tropical countries.

Pongamia
Pongamia pinnata is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native to eastern and tropical Asia, Australia, and the Pacific islands. It is the sole species in genus Pongamia. It is often known by the synonym Millettia pinnata. Its common names include Indian beech, Karanja, and Pongame oiltree.
Emactuzumab
Emactuzumab (RG-7155) is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expressed on macrophages and has demonstrated a profound antitumor effect through interference with the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis, along with a manageable safety profile in patients with diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumors (d-TGCT).

Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor
Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface protein encoded by the human CSF1R gene (known also as c-FMS). CSF1R is a receptor that can be activated by two ligands: colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34). CSF1R is highly expressed in myeloid cells, and CSF1R signaling is necessary for the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of many myeloid cell types in vivo and in vitro. CSF1R signaling is involved in many diseases and is targeted in therapies for cancer, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory bone diseases.
Lower Saxon cuisine
Lower Saxon cuisine (German: Niedersächsische Küche) covers a range of regional, North German culinary traditions from the region correspondingly broadly to the state of Lower Saxony, which in many cases are very similar to one another, for example cuisine from the areas of Oldenburg, Brunswick, or East Frisia.

It is mainly indigenous and in some cases very hearty, with many cultural dishes including poultry, venison, turkey, and vegetables. Many other recipes also include potatoes, asparagus and North Sea fish, all of which are harvested in the region.

Asparagus
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) or garden asparagus is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus Asparagus native to Eurasia. Widely cultivated as a vegetable crop, its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable.
Demographics of the Ottoman Empire
The demographics of the Ottoman Empire include population density, ethnicity, education level, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Lucy Mary Jane Garnett stated in the 1904 book Turkish Life in Town and Country, published in 1904, that "No country in the world, perhaps, contains a population so heterogeneous as that of Turkey."

Kemal Karpat
Kemal Karpat (15 February 1924, Babadag Tulcea, Romania – 20 February 2019, Manchester, New Hampshire, United States) was a Romanian-Turkish naturalised American historian and professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Chateau Changyu–Moser XV
Château Changyu–Moser XV (Chinese: 张裕摩塞尔十五世酒庄) is a winery and vineyard estate near Yinchuan, in the Ningxia wine region in Northwest China. Chateau Changyu–Moser XV is also the name of the wine produced by this estate. Opened in August 2013, Chateau Changyu-Moser is part of Changyu, China's oldest and largest wine brand founded in 1892 by Zhang Bishi.

Chateau Changyu Moser XV is a joint venture between Changyu Pioneer Company and winemaker and consultant Chief Winemaker Laurenz Maria Moser V (Lenz M.Moser) of Austrian winery Laurenz V. The estate is named after Moser who is 5th generation of the Austrian winemaking Moser Family and 15th generation direct lineage to Moser Family.

The estate is recognised by leading wine professionals and academics as one of China's superior producers.

Yinchuan
Yinchuan (Chinese: 银川; pinyin: Yínchuān; lit. "Silver River") is a prefecture‑level city and the capital of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China. It served as the imperial capital of the Tangut‑led Western Xia (1038–1227).

Yinchuan hosts the biennial China–Arab States Expo. As of the 2020 Chinese census, Yinchuan’s administrative area had 2,859,074 inhabitants; the built‑up area had 2,564,918 residents, comprising the three urban districts and the urbanized parts of Helan and Yongning counties. At the end of 2024, the resident population of the city was 2,914,700, an increase of 66,600 over the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban population is 2,429,400.
Claude Duval (opera)
Claude Duval – or Love and Larceny is a comic opera with music by Edward Solomon to a libretto by Henry Pottinger Stephens.  The plot is loosely based on supposed events in the life of the seventeenth century highwayman, Claude Duval.

The piece was first produced at the Olympic Theatre, London, on 24 August 1881, under the management of Michael Gunn.  It ran until the end of October.  From January to March 1882, a D'Oyly Carte touring company played the work in the British provinces.  Another D'Oyly Carte company played it in New York in March and April 1882 under Richard D'Oyly Carte's personal supervision, in tandem with Gilbert and Sullivan's Patience.  In New York, a few local references were interpolated into Blood-red Bill's comic song, "William's Sure to Be Right."

Highwayman
A highwayman was a robber who stole from travellers. This type of thief usually travelled and robbed by horse as compared to a footpad who travelled and robbed on foot; mounted highwaymen were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads. Such criminals operated until the mid- or late 19th century. Highwaywomen, such as Katherine Ferrers, were said to also exist, often dressing as men, especially in fiction.

The first attestation of the word highwayman is from 1617. Euphemisms such as "knights of the road" and "gentlemen of the road" were sometimes used by people interested in romanticizing them with a Robin Hood–esque slant. In the 19th-century American West, highwaymen were sometimes known as road agents. In Australia, they were known as bushrangers.
Gerhard Böwering
Gerhard Böwering is a German academic, currently Professor of Islamic Studies within the Department of Religious Studies, Yale University. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1994. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2005 following his "formative influence of al-Sulami's commentary on the Qur'an."

Yale Divinity School
Yale Divinity School (YDS) is one of the twelve graduate and professional schools of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

Congregationalist theological education was the motivation at the founding of Yale, and the professional school has its roots in a Theological Department established in 1822. The school had maintained its own campus, faculty, and degree program since 1869, and it has become more ecumenical beginning in the mid-19th century. Since the 1970s, it has been affiliated with the Episcopal Berkeley Divinity School and has housed the Institute of Sacred Music, which offers separate degree programs. In July 2017, a two-year process of formal affiliation was completed, with the addition of Andover Newton Seminary joining the school. Over 40 different denominations are represented at YDS.

While Divinity Schools typically have higher admit-rates, Yale is an exception, with acceptance rates around 10-15%. YDS is the most selective theological school in the world.
MacAulay and Co
MacAulay and Co. was a daily magazine show on BBC Radio Scotland. The programme was presented by comedian Fred MacAulay with a different guest presenter each week, and featured a range of guests including journalists, musicians, comedians and members of the public.

During the season of the Edinburgh Fringe, the programme was often also syndicated onto national BBC radio.

BBC Radio Scotland
BBC Radio Scotland is a Scottish national radio network owned and operated by BBC Scotland, a division of the BBC. It broadcasts a wide variety of programmes. It replaced the Scottish BBC Radio 4 opt-out service of the same name from 23 November 1978. The station is broadcast from the BBC Scotland studios at Pacific Quay in Glasgow.

Radio Scotland is broadcast in English, whilst sister station Radio nan Gàidheal broadcasts in Scottish Gaelic.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 793,000 and has a listening share of 5.7% as of October 2025.

Since August 2025, the station has been led by Victoria Easton-Riley, a former Bauer executive.
Kopagarh
Kopagarh (Maithili: कोपगढ) is an archaeological site in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent. It is located in the Keoti block of the Darbhanga district in the state of Bihar in India. There is mound at the site. The size of the mound is smaller than that of Balirajgarh but the antiquity of the site excels. The site seems to be an important urban centre in the ancient period of the region. The neighbouring village of the Kopagarh is Miran Than.

Maithili language
Maithili (Tirhuta: 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲, /ˈmaɪtɪli/ MY-til-ee, Maithili: [ˈməi̯tʰɪliː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is the second most commonly spoken native Nepalese language constitutionally registered as one of the fourteen provincial official languages of Nepal.

It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are Nepalese speakers. The language is predominantly written in Devanagari, but the historical Tirhuta and Kaithi scripts retain some use until today.
Richard Armiger
Richard Armiger is a professional, international architectural model maker and the founder of Network Modelmakers. He is one of the foremost authorities on the design, research, construction and restoration of historic, culturally important architectural models. Armiger’s models, for architecture and design firms, including David Chipperfield, Grimshaw Architects, Zaha Hadid, John McAslan, John Pawson, and the late Jan Kaplický have appeared frequently in architectural exhibitions worldwide.

Examples of his work can be seen in museums in the UK and internationally, including the permanent collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum and regularly at the Venice Biennale of Architecture. During a career spanning four decades, thirty-five of his models have been chosen for display in the annual Royal Academy of Arts Summer Exhibition. In 2014 he was chosen to make a timber model for Westminster Abbey of the proposed new Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Galleries.

Architectural model
An architectural model is a type of scale model made to study aspects of an architectural design or to communicate design intent. They are made using a variety of materials including paper, plaster, plastic, resin, wood, glass, and metal.

Models are built either with traditional handcraft techniques or via 3D printing technologies such as stereolithography, fused filament fabrication, and selective laser sintering.