hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Referendums in Taiwan
Referendums in Taiwan at both the national and local level are governed by the Referendum Act of Taiwan, which was enacted by the Legislative Yuan in December 2003. Citizens can propose laws via referendums at the national and local levels. The Referendum Act also allowed people to make changes or abolish laws by referendums.

The 7th amendment of the Additional Articles of the Constitution in June 2005 also moved the final ratification process for future constitutional amendment and national territory alternation into a form of referendum. These referendum has a higher bar of proposing and approval set directly by the Constitution outside of the Referendum Act.

Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China, known commonly as Taiwan, which formerly ruled mainland China until 1949.

The Executive Yuan was founded in 1928. Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 2 (1940)
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 2 (1940) is an English language anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Isaac Asimov and Martin H. Greenberg. The series attempts to list the great science fiction stories from the Golden Age of Science Fiction. They date the Golden Age as beginning in 1939 and lasting until 1963. The book was later reprinted as the second half of Isaac Asimov Presents The Golden Years of Science Fiction with the first half being Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 1 (1939).

This volume was originally published by DAW books in August 1979.

DAW Books
DAW Books is an American science fiction and fantasy publisher, founded by Donald A. Wollheim,  with his wife, Elsie B. Wollheim, following his departure from Ace Books in 1971. The company claims to be "the first publishing company ever devoted exclusively to science fiction and fantasy." The first DAW Book published was the 1972 short story collection Spell of the Witch World by Andre Norton.
Béla Pállik
Béla Pállik (2 February 1845, Nagymihály – 27 July 1908, Budapest) was a Hungarian artist, opera singer and theater director. He was best known for his animal paintings and was nicknamed "Birkapiktor" ("Sheep-painter").

Animal painter
An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals.

The OED dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and writer John Berkenhout (1726–1791). From the early 20th century, wildlife artist became a more usual term for contemporary animal painters.
2010 French Open – Boys' doubles
Marin Draganja and Dino Marcan were the defending champions, but they did not compete in the Juniors this year.

Duilio Beretta and Roberto Quiroz won in the final 6–3, 6–2, against Facundo Argüello and Agustín Velotti.

Facundo Argüello (tennis)
Facundo Argüello (Spanish pronunciation: [faˈkundo aɾˈɣweʝo]; born 4 August 1992) is an Argentine inactive tennis player.

He played in an ATP 250 doubles event in 2011.

In 2013 he played the qualifying stages of the Roland Garros Open and US Open. In 2014 he won the Itajaí Challenger, beating Diego Schwartzman in the final match. He qualified directly to the 2014 Roland Garros Open, where he lost to world number 43 Radek Štěpánek after winning the first two sets. In the 2015 Roland Garros draw, he faced Andy Murray in the first round, Murray won in straight sets.
Pine Point Formation
The Pine Point Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Givetian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from Pine Point, a promontory (and former townsite) on the south shore of the Great Slave Lake, west of Fort Resolution, and was first described in outcrop on the shore of the lake between Pine Point and Fort Resolution by A.E. Cameron in 1918.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
Pooles Island
Pooles Island is a small island located on the Chesapeake Bay, part of Harford County, Maryland. It is southeast of the southern tip of Gunpowder Neck. The Pooles Island Light was built on it. Pooles Island was used for bombing practice from 1918 through the 1960s as part of Aberdeen Proving Ground. Access to the island is prohibited due to unexploded ordnance.

Pooles Island was first occupied by Native Americans. The shell middens on the island were evidence of their presence. It was first sighted by Europeans in 1608 when Captain John Smith explored the Chesapeake. He named it after Nathanial Powell, a member of his party. Over the years the name evolved from "Powell's Island" to "Poole's Island".

In 1855, two watermen, Capt. Elijah Williams and Capt. James Williams, were lost in a storm. Capt. Elijah Williams' body washed ashore on the island, while his older brother James' body was never found; Elijah was buried by the lighthouse keeper.

Aberdeen Proving Ground
Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) is a U.S. Army facility located adjacent to Aberdeen, Maryland, United States. More than 7,500 civilians and 5,000 military personnel work at APG. There are 11 major commands among the tenant units, including:

United States Army Communications-Electronics Command (CECOM)

United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM)

United States Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC)

Edgewood Arsenal

Adelphi Laboratory Center
The Army Reserve Information Operations Command
Unified Cross Domain Services Management Office
HQ, U.S. Army Contracting Command (Army Contracting Command –APG, Adelphi Contracting Division)
U.S. Army 93rd Signal Network - Network Enterprise Center
Logistics Readiness Center
U.S. Army Cyber Operation Group – 335th Signal Command
Blossom Point Research Facility
André Nunes
André Luis Correia Diogo Nunes (born 14 April 1984) is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

André Nunes previously played for Zagłębie Lubin in the Polish Ekstraklasa before moving to 2007–08 UEFA Champions League qualifying opponent in early 2008, Steaua București for 100,000€. He made no appearances for the Romanian side before being loaned to fellow Liga I team, Gloria Buzău.

FC Gloria Buzău
Asociația Sportivă Fotbal Club Buzău (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈɡlori.a buˈzəw]), commonly known as Gloria Buzău or simply as Buzău, was a Romanian professional football club based in the city of Buzău, Buzău County.

The club was originally founded on 16 June 1973, and made its first top-flight appearance in the 1978–79 campaign. It achieved its best result in the competition during the 1984–85 season, finishing fifth in the league table. Following the club's dissolution in 2016, Gloria Buzău returned to the Liga I in 2024.

Known as "The Squad from Crâng", the team plays its home matches at the Municipal Stadium in Buzău, which has a capacity of 12,321 seats.
2026 Phan Thiết Challenger
The 2026 Phan Thiết Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2026 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Phan Thiết, Vietnam between 19 and 25 January 2026.

Kwon Soon-woo
Kwon Soon-woo (Korean: 권순우; born 2 December 1997) is a South Korean professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 52 ranking by the ATP, achieved in November 2021 and a doubles ranking of world No. 224, attained in December 2022. Kwon has won two ATP, three ATP Challenger Tour and five ITF World Tennis Tour singles titles.

He broke into the top 100 of the ATP singles rankings in August 2019 after reaching the quarterfinals at the Los Cabos Open and contested his first ATP Tour final at the Astana Open in September 2021, where he won his maiden title and made his top 60 debut. In January 2023, he won his second ATP Tour title at the Adelaide International as a lucky loser, becoming the first Korean to win multiple ATP titles and the tenth lucky loser champion overall in the Open Era.
Houghton Wines
Houghton Wines is an Australian winery originating in the Swan Valley wine region of Western Australia at the historic Houghton Estate.

A subsidiary of Accolade Wines, the company operates four of Western Australia's largest vineyards at Moondah Brook (145 hectares), Pemberton (92 hectares), Mount Barker (74 hectares), and Frankland River (89 hectares), and sources fruit from Margaret River, Harvey and the Ferguson Valley. Expansion into the Western Australian South West and the Great Southern wine region led to the establishment of a winery, located at Nannup in the Blackwood Valley. In 2019 Houghton divested itself of its wine-producing facilities and vineyards in the Swan Valley, with the Swan Valley location now known as Nikola Estate.

The Houghton portfolio includes the brands of Houghton Line Range, Houghton Crofters, Moondah Brook, Houghton Regional Range, Houghton Gladstone, and Jack Mann.

Mount Barker, Western Australia
Mount Barker is a town and locality on Albany Highway and the administrative centre of the Shire of Plantagenet in the Great Southern region of Western Australia. At the 2021 census, Mount Barker had a population of 2,855.

The town was named after the nearby hill, which in turn was named in 1829 by Thomas Braidwood Wilson in honour of Captain Collet Barker, who was in command of Western Australia's original British settlement at King George's Sound from 1829 to 1831.
Nazareth Evangelical College
Nazareth Evangelical College is an evangelical Bible college located in Nazareth, Israel. The language of instruction is Arabic. The college offers graduate and undergraduate degrees and provides a number of other education services to the local community.

Bible college
A Bible college, sometimes referred to as a Bible institute or theological institute or  theological seminary, is an evangelical Christian or Restoration Movement Christian institution of higher education which prepares students for Christian ministry with theological education, Biblical studies and practical ministry training.

Bible colleges primarily offer undergraduate degrees, but may also offer graduate degrees, lower-level associate degrees, certificates or diplomas in specialized areas of Christian training where a full degree is not required.
2001 Tokyo Sevens
The 2001 Tokyo Sevens was an international rugby sevens tournament that was part of the World Sevens Series in the 2000–01 season. It was the Japan Sevens leg held  at Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium in Tokyo on 29–30 April 2001.

The tournament was the seventh event of the series, and was won by New Zealand who defeated Australia 26–12 in the Cup final.

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
Sixpence None the Richer (album)
Sixpence None the Richer is the third studio album by American band Sixpence None the Richer. The album released in November 22, 1997. It was certified platinum by the RIAA on February 9, 2000, for a million certified units in the United States and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album at the 41st Annual Grammy Awards.

Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album
The Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album was awarded from 1991 to 2011.  From 1991 to 1993 the category was awarded as Best Rock/Contemporary Gospel Album. From 2007 to 2011 it was awarded as Best Rock or Rap Gospel Album.

The award was discontinued from 2012 in a major overhaul of Grammy categories. From 2012, recordings in this category were shifted to either Best Contemporary Christian Music Album or Best Gospel Album categories.
Laoye Jaiyeola
Laoye Jaiyeolalistenⓘ is a Nigerian economist who is former the CEO of the Nigerian Economic Summit Group.

He is a policy expert for the Policy Center for the New South, Morocco focusing on Africa and its macro economic regulations. He contributed to the set up of the policy think tank namely the Policy Innovation Centre, a wing of the NESG which was funded by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

He was the president and chairman of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN) and member of the CBN's Monetary Policy Committee from 2010–2012.

He is a fellow of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN), a member of the Chartered Institute of Bankers, Scotland; and a Fellow of the Senior Executive Program at Harvard Kennedy School of Government.

Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) is a professional accountancy body in Nigeria. It is one of the two professional accountancy associations with regulatory authority in Nigeria, the other being the Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN). The relationship between the two organizations has been tense. In 2007 ICAN attempted to have a bill declaring ANAN void.
Smallfoot (soundtrack)
Smallfoot (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2018 animated film musical comedy film Smallfoot from Warner Animation Group, directed by Karey Kirkpatrick. The soundtrack was released on September 21, 2018, under the WaterTower Music label and featured original songs performed by Channing Tatum, James Corden, Zendaya and Common, along with Cyn and Niall Horan. Heitor Pereira's score accompanied the remainder of the album.

Smallfoot
Smallfoot is a 2018 American animated musical comedy film produced by Warner Animation Group and Zaftig Films, and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. Based on the unpublished children's book Yeti Tracks by Sergio Pablos, the film was co-written and directed by Karey Kirkpatrick, and stars the voices of Channing Tatum, James Corden, Zendaya, Common, LeBron James, Gina Rodriguez, Danny DeVito, Yara Shahidi, Ely Henry, and Jimmy Tatro. The plot follows a tribe of Himalayan Yeti who come across a human being, with each species thinking the other was just a myth.

Smallfoot was theatrically released in the United States on September 28, 2018. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $214 million at the box office.
Taghaza
Taghaza (Arabic: تاغزة) or Teghaza is an abandoned salt-mining centre located in a salt pan in the desert region of northern Mali. It was an important source of rock salt for West Africa up to the end of the 16th century when it was abandoned and replaced by the salt-pan at Taoudenni which lies 150 km (93 mi) to the southeast. Salt from the Taghaza mines formed an important part of the long distance trans-Saharan trade. The salt pan is located 857 km (533 mi) south of Sijilmasa (in Morocco), 787 km (489 mi) north-northwest of Timbuktu (in Mali) and 731 km (454 mi) north-northeast of Oualata (in Mauritania).

Halite
Halite (/ˈhælaɪt, ˈheɪlaɪt/ HAL-yte, HAY-lyte), commonly known as rock salt, is a type of salt, the mineral (natural) form of sodium chloride (NaCl). Halite forms isometric crystals. The mineral is typically colorless or white, but may also be light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on inclusion of other materials, impurities, and structural or isotopic abnormalities in the crystals. It commonly occurs with  other evaporite deposit minerals such as several of the sulfates, halides, and borates. The name halite is derived from the Ancient Greek word for "salt", ἅλς (háls).
The Nightmare of Being
The Nightmare of Being is the seventh studio album by the Swedish melodic death metal band At the Gates, released on 2 June 2021 by Century Media. It continues the band’s second era following their 2007 reunion. While the album remains rooted in the Gothenburg metal tradition, it incorporates a wider range of musical styles and influences, with lyrical ideas influenced by the writings of horror philosophers such as Thomas Ligotti and Eugene Thacker.
"The Nightmare of Being" is the band's final album to feature guitarist Jonas Stålhammar, and also the last album released in Lindberg’s lifetime before his death in 2025.

Eugene Thacker
Eugene Thacker is an American author. He is a professor of media studies at Parsons School of Design in New York City. His writing is associated with the philosophies of nihilism and pessimism. He is known for his books In the Dust of This Planet and Infinite Resignation.
The Far Side Gallery 5
The Far Side Gallery 5 is the fifth and final anthology of Gary Larson's The Far Side comic strips. It was published by Andrews and McMeel in September 1995.

Cartoons from previous collections Cows of Our Planet, The Chickens are Restless, and The Curse of Madame "C" are featured, all of which were printed from 1992 to 1994. The foreword was written by Jane Goodall, who was commonly satirized in Larson's comics.

The cover shows several flies in a movie theater watching a movie, in which a fly was calling for help because it was in a spoonful of tomato soup.

Andrews McMeel Publishing
Andrews McMeel Publishing, LLC (formerly Andrews, McMeel and Parker (1975–1986) and Andrews and McMeel (1986–1997) is an American company that publishes books, calendars, and related toys. It is a part of Andrews McMeel Universal, which comprises AMP, Andrews McMeel Syndication, and AMUSE. The name Parker was creative director George Parker; the company dropped "Parker" after his departure.

Andrews McMeel is the general publisher of books of comic strips produced by Andrews McMeel Syndication including Peanuts, The Far Side, Calvin and Hobbes and FoxTrot, but the company also produces book collections for some comic strips which are owned by other syndicates.
Alan Young (Scottish footballer)
Alexander Forbes "Alan" Young (born 26 October 1955) is a Scottish footballer who played as a forward in the Football League.

He was born in Kirkcaldy. Having played for three clubs in the English East Midlands, Young still lives on the outskirts of Nottingham, in West Bridgford, and was a regular summariser during live football commentary on BBC Radio Leicester.

West Bridgford
West Bridgford (/ˈbrɪdʒfərd/) is a town and the administrative centre of the borough of Rushcliffe, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies south of Nottingham city centre, east of Wilford, north of Ruddington and west of Radcliffe-on-Trent; it is also south-west of Colwick and south-east of Beeston, which are on the opposite bank of the River Trent. The town is part of the Nottingham Urban Area and had a population of 36,487 in the 2021 Census.
Willard R. Espy
Willard Richardson Espy (December 11, 1910 – February 20, 1999) was an American editor, philologist, writer, poet, and local historian. Raised in the seaside village of Oysterville, Washington, Espy later studied at the University of Redlands in California before becoming an editor in New York City, as well as a contributor to Reader's Digest, The New Yorker, Punch, and other publications.

In the 1960s, he began publishing books on philology as well collections of poetry collections, and became the best-known collector of and commentator on word play of his time. In 1977, he published the national bestseller Oysterville: Roads to Grandpa's Village, a semi-autobiographical novel about his familial heritage in the Oysterville community. Espy died at New York Hospital in Manhattan in 1999, and was interred at Oysterville Cemetery.

Oysterville Cemetery
Oysterville cemetery, one of the oldest cemeteries in Washington State, began in 1858 on land owned by F.C. Davis. Located about a quarter of a mile outside the historic gold-rush boom town of Oysterville, this 2-acre cemetery holds plots for many of the founding families of the area. The history hidden in the headstones of this historic cemetery tells the tale of the Shoalwater Bay Tribe that lived in the Shoalwater Bay region; the first pioneers that came, drawn by the oyster industry; their descendants; and countless lives lost in the treacherous mouth of the Columbia, the Graveyard of the Pacific. A memorial to the last Native American chieftain of the Long Beach peninsula sits just to the right of the entrance, and a wooden sign with a marble headstone honors the unknown sailors lost at sea with the beginning of Revelation 20:13, "And the sea gave up the dead".
Stable manifold theorem
In mathematics, especially in the study of dynamical systems and differential equations, the stable manifold theorem is an important result about the structure of the set of orbits approaching a given hyperbolic fixed point. It roughly states that the existence of a local diffeomorphism near a fixed point implies the existence of a local stable center manifold containing that fixed point. This manifold has dimension equal to the number of eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the fixed point that are less than 1.

Hyperbolic equilibrium point
In the study of dynamical systems, a hyperbolic equilibrium point or hyperbolic fixed point is a fixed point that does not have any center manifolds. Near a hyperbolic point the orbits of a two-dimensional, non-dissipative system resemble hyperbolas.  This fails to hold in general.  Strogatz notes that "hyperbolic is an unfortunate name—it sounds like it should mean 'saddle point'—but it has become standard." Several properties hold about a neighborhood of a hyperbolic point, notably

A stable manifold and an unstable manifold exist,

Shadowing occurs,

The dynamics on the invariant set can be represented via symbolic dynamics,

A natural measure can be defined,

The system is structurally stable.
Mombi, Manipur
Mombi, also called Lawmpi or Lonpi, is a census village in the Chandel district in Manipur, India. It has a population of 464 in the 2011 census.

Mombi is a village of historical significance. The burning of the village by the British Raj on 17 October 1917 launched the Anglo-Kuki War that lasted two years.

Chandel district
Chandel district  is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. Its headquarters is the town of Chandel. In December 2016, a part of the district was split to establish the new Tengnoupal district. The district is mainly populated by Kuki-Zo and Old Kuki/Naga tribal people.