hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cámara Base
Cámara Base (Spanish: Base Cámara  or sometimes Estación Cámara or Teniente Camara) is an Argentine Antarctic base and scientific research station named after Frigate Lieutenant Naval Aviator Juan Ramón Cámara. It is located in the northern foothills of La Morenita Hill, at Menguante Cove in Half Moon Island off the east coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

As of 2014 Cámara is one of 13 research bases in Antarctica operated by Argentina. 
It was officially opened on April 1, 1953, and was in service until the summer of 1959–60, when it was closed. It was not reopened until 1988, to serve during the summer season only.

Frigate lieutenant
Frigate lieutenant is a naval rank in the naval forces of several countries.

The rank of Frigate Lieutenant (officially light frigate lieutenant, lieutenant de frégate légère) was a rank in the French Royal Navy until 1786. It was used by officers promoted from outside the ranks of the gardes de la marine, such as merchant navy officers, promoted volunteers or colonial gentry. The rank of frigate lieutenant was equivalent, but junior to, to the rank of ship ensign. Some frigate lieutenants were eventually promoted fireship captains (capitaines de brulôt), equivalent to ship-of-the-line lieutenants.
Albert Chapman
Albert Edward Chapman (3 June 1872 – 1945) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Marulan to wheelwright and publican Richard Chapman and Monica Cain. He attended the local public school and then St Patrick's College in Goulburn before becoming a schoolteacher. From 1894 he worked as an auctioneer and agent with his brother, Austin Chapman. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1901 as the Progressive member for Braidwood, succeeding his brother who had transferred to federal politics, but in 1904 he retired due to the reduction in the size of the Assembly. From 1917 to 1918 he served in the Australian Imperial Force as a private. Unmarried and childless, Chapman died some time in 1945.

Marulan
Marulan is a small town east of the Great Dividing Range and is located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. It is in the Goulburn Mulwaree Council local government area and the traditional lands of the Gundungurra people. It is located south-west of Sydney on the Hume Highway, although it bypasses the town proper. Marulan lies on the 150th meridian east. It has a railway station on the Main Southern railway line. Marulan was previously known as Mooroowoolen.

At the 2016 census, Marulan had a population of 1,178 people.
1875 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1875 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1875. Incumbent Democratic governor William Gaston ran for re-election to a second term in office, but was defeated by Republican Alexander H. Rice, a former U.S. representative and Mayor of Boston.

Alexander H. Rice
Alexander Hamilton Rice (August 30, 1818 – July 22, 1895) was an American politician and businessman from Massachusetts.  He served as Mayor of Boston from 1856 to 1857, a U.S. Congressman during the American Civil War, and as the 30th Governor of Massachusetts from 1876 to 1879.  He was part owner and president of Rice-Kendall, one of the nation's largest paper products distributors.

Educated at Union College, Rice was for many years involved in the paper business, and entered Boston politics in 1853.  As mayor, he helped broker an agreement that began development of its Back Bay area.  His Congressional service included the introduction of the failed Crittenden Compromise, oversight of naval affairs during the Civil War, and resistance to Radical Republican actions.  As governor, he promoted social reform legislation and reductions in working hours.
Battle of Limonest
The Battle of Limonest (20 March 1814) saw an army of Austrian and Hessian troops led by General der Kavallerie Prince Frederick of Hessen-Homburg attack a smaller French army under Marshal Charles-Pierre Augereau. The Coalition forces defeated the French and forced them to evacuate the city of Lyon. The battle was part of the Campaign in north-east France during the War of the Sixth Coalition.

In early 1814, the Coalition armies invaded Imperial France in greatly superior numbers. While the main Allied armies faced French Emperor Napoleon to the east of Paris, a secondary campaign was conducted near Lyon and Geneva. The small French army based on Lyon could not be ignored because it threatened the Coalition supply lines running back to Germany. Ultimately, the Allies captured Lyon, but they were compelled to divert considerable forces from the more important effort against Napoleon.

Charles-Pierre Augereau
Charles Pierre François Augereau, duc de Castiglione (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl pjɛʁ oʒʁo]; 21 October 1757 – 12 June 1816) was a French military commander and a Marshal of the Empire who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. After serving in the Revolutionary Wars, he earned rapid promotion while fighting against Spain and soon found himself as a division commander under Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy. He fought in all of Bonaparte's battles of 1796 with great distinction. During the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon entrusted Augereau with important commands. His life ended under a cloud because of his poor timing in switching sides between Napoleon and Louis XVIII. Napoleon wrote of Augereau that he "has plenty of character, courage, firmness, activity; is inured to war; is well liked by the soldiery; is fortunate in his operations". Augereau is generally counted as one of the most capable generals of the Napoleonic Wars.
Jesús Romeo Gorría
Jesús Romeo Gorría (19 September 1916 – 2 April 2001) was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of Labour of Spain between 1962 and 1969, during the Francoist dictatorship. He was a member of FET y de las JONS.

FET y de las JONS
The Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (lit. 'Traditionalist Spanish Phalanx of the Councils of the National Syndicalist Offensive'), shortened to FET y de las JONS, just "FET", and the Falange, and alternatively referred to as the Movimiento Nacional, was the sole legal party of the Francoist regime in Spain. It was created by General Francisco Franco in 1937 as a merger of the fascist and national syndicalist Falange Española de las JONS (FE de las JONS) with the monarchist Carlist movement. In addition to the resemblance of names, the party formally retained most of the platform of FE de las JONS (26 out of 27 points) and a similar inner structure. The membership in the party was automatic for all civil servants and officers of the regime, however, the significance of such membership was often purely nominal.
Uggeri
Uggeri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Uggeri (1754–1837), Italian abbot

Barthelemy Uggeri (died 1479), Roman Catholic prelate

Mario Uggeri (1924–2004), Italian comic artist

Angelo Uggeri
Angelo Uggeri (1754 - 1837) was an Italian abbot, graphic artist, and antiquarian.

He was born in Lombardy. He studied art and architecture at Cremona; but joined the ecclesiastical profession. from 1788 worked in Rome. In 1823, Pope Leo XII named him as secretary to the commission planning reconstruction of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. In 1800 while in Rome, he published Giornate pittoreschi degli edifici antichi di Roma e dei contorni.
Roland De Wolk
Roland De Wolk (born 1953) is an American author and print and television journalist from the San Francisco Bay Area. His career has spanned four decades. He has won multiple awards for his journalism, including a lifetime achievement award. He has been described as "a star journalist" and "an ace reporter."

Society of Professional Journalists
The Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), formerly known as Sigma Delta Chi, is the oldest organization representing journalists in the United States. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.

It was established on April 17, 1909, at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana. Its charter was designed by William Meharry Glenn. It is the oldest organization serving the field of journalism.
Stanisław Stec
Stanisław Stec (pronounced [staˈniswaf ˈstɛt͡s]; born 22 March 1941 in Jazowsko) is a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005, getting 9944 votes in 38 Piła district as a candidate from Democratic Left Alliance list.

He was also a member of Sejm 1993-1997, Sejm 1997-2001, and Sejm 2001-2005.

Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)
The Democratic Left Alliance (Polish: Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej) was a social-democratic political party in Poland. It was formed on 9 July 1991 as an electoral alliance of centre-left parties, and became a single party on 15 April 1999. It was the major coalition party in Poland between 1993 and 1997, and between 2001 and 2005, with four Prime ministers coming from the party: Józef Oleksy, Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Leszek Miller and Marek Belka. It then faded into opposition, overshadowed by the rise of Civic Platform and Law and Justice.

In February 2020, the party initiated a process to merge with the Spring party, choosing the name New Left (Polish: Nowa Lewica), and changing to a more modern logo.

The party was a member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance.
Transforming the Crown
Transforming the Crown was an exhibition of artwork created by African, Asian and Caribbean Artists in Britain during the years from 1966 to 1996, which was shown across three venues in New York City, United States, between October 1997 and March 1998. The venues hosting the exhibition were The Studio Museum in Harlem (October 14, 1997–March 15 1998), The Bronx Museum of the Arts (October 15, 1997–March 15, 1998), and The Caribbean Cultural Center, New York (October 16, 1997–March 15, 1998), where a component of the show titled Picturing England: The Photographic Narratives of Vanley Burke was shown. The exhibition was curated by Mora Beauchamp-Byrd, who at the time was Curator and Director of Special Projects at the Caribbean Cultural Center.

Eddie Chambers (artist)
Eddie Chambers (born 1960) is a British contemporary art historian, curator and artist. He currently holds the David Bruton, Jr. Centennial Professorship in Art History at the University of Texas at Austin.
Carol Ann Tomlinson
Carol Ann Tomlinson is an American educator, author and speaker. She is known for her work with differentiated instruction, a means of meeting students' individual needs in education. Tomlinson is a reviewer for eight journals and has authored over 300 articles and books including The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners, which has been described as a seminal work in the field of differentiated instruction.

Tomlinson also participates in several web-related professional development services, including webinars with EdWeek.org and an online Differentiated Instruction course with Knowledge Delivery Systems.

Tomlinson has a background in German, English, education, technological studies in youth education and drama, reading, speech pathology, gifted education, and curriculum and instruction for creative and critical thinking.

Education Week
Education Week is a news organization that has covered K–12 education since 1981. It is owned by Editorial Projects in Education (EPE), a nonprofit organization, and is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland.

The newspaper publishes 37 issues a year, including three annual reports (Quality Counts, Technology Counts, and Leaders to Learn From). From 1997 to 2010, Quality Counts was sponsored by the Pew Charitable Trusts.
John DeWolf
John DeWolf or John de Wolf is the name of:

John DeWolf (judge) (1760–1841), justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court

John DeWolf (sea captain), Rhode Island sea captain

John DeWolf (politician) (1817–1895), member of the Wisconsin State Assembly

John de Wolf (politician) (c. 1931–2003), Canadian politician

John de Wolf (born 1962), Dutch footballer

John DeWolf (sea captain)
John DeWolf (6 September 1779 - 6 March 1872), also known as John D'Wolf, John D'Wolfe, John DeWolfe, John DeWolf II, Norwest John or Nor'west John, was a sea captain, merchant, and businessman known for his role in the maritime fur trade in the Pacific Northwest, and his influence on the Russian-American Company in Novo-Arkhangelsk (today Sitka, Alaska) in Russian America, and for being an uncle of Herman Melville. Melville was inspired by DeWolf's stories, including an encounter with a large whale that contributed to Melville's Moby-Dick, which Melville describes explicitly in Moby Dick, "Chapter XLV: The Affidavit". "Captain D'Wolf" is also described in the same chapter. John DeWolf was the first American known to have travelled overland across Siberia, and probably the first person to circumnavigate the globe by way of crossing Asia overland.
Gallikos railway station
Gallikos railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Γαλλικός, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Gallikos) is a railway station that servers the community of Gallikos, in Kilkis in East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. The station is located just east of the settlement but still within the settlement limits. The station (as of 2021) is unstaffed, with the station buildings abandoned and left to decay.

Kilkis (regional unit)
Kilkis (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Κιλκίς) is one of the regional units of Greece, in the geographic region of Macedonia. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. Its capital is the city of Kilkis.
Lan Fu (engineer)
Lan Fu is a Chinese and Australian electronics engineer whose research involves the design and fabrication of optoelectronics and quantum mechanical electronic devices, including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, solar cells, quantum dots, nanowires, and metamaterials, especially based on III-V semiconductors. She is a professor at the Australian National University, where she heads the Department of Electronic Materials Engineering.

Photodetector
Photodetectors, also called photosensors, are devices that detect light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation and convert it into an electrical signal. They are essential in a wide range of applications, from digital imaging and optical communication to scientific research and industrial automation. Photodetectors can be classified by their mechanism of detection, such as the photoelectric effect, photochemical reactions, or thermal effects, or by performance metrics like spectral response. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and photomultiplier tubes, each suited to specific uses. Solar cells, which convert light into electricity, are also a type of photodetector. This article explores the principles behind photodetectors, their various types, applications, and recent advancements in the field.
Tappenosaurus
Tappenosaurus ("Tappen's lizard") is an extinct genus of synapsids from the Middle Permian of Texas. American paleontologists Everett C. Olson and James Beerbower described the genus in 1953 based on three specimens that were uncovered from the San Angelo Formation. It was named for Neil Tappen, who found the type specimen in 1951 as a member of the field party.

Guadalupian
The Guadalupian is the second and middle series/epoch of the Permian. The Guadalupian was preceded by the Cisuralian and followed by the Lopingian. It is named after the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico and Texas, and dates between 274.4 ± 0.4 – 259.51 ± 0.21 Mya. The series saw the rise of the therapsids, a minor extinction event called Olson's Extinction and a significant mass extinction called the end-Capitanian extinction event. The Guadalupian is also known as the Middle Permian.
Homocysteic acid
Homocysteic acid is the organosulfur compound with the formula HO3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)CO2H.  A white solid, it is sulfonic acid-containing non-proteinogenic amino acid. It is an analog of glutamic acid and is a potent NMDA receptor agonist. It is related to homocysteine, a by-product of methionine metabolism.

Homocysteic acid is prepared by the oxidation of homocystine with aqueous bromine.

N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), is an amino acid derivative that acts as a specific agonist at the NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor. Unlike glutamate, NMDA only binds to and regulates the NMDA receptor and has no effect on other glutamate receptors (such as those for AMPA and kainate).  NMDA receptors are particularly important when they become overactive during, for example, alcohol withdrawal, as this causes symptoms such as agitation and, sometimes, epileptiform seizures.
NGC 3947
NGC 3947 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Leo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 6528 ± 23 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 314.0 ± 22.0 Mly (96.28 ± 6.75 Mpc). In addition, three non redshift measurements give a distance of 284.67 ± 12.90 Mly (87.28 ± 3.956 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 26 April 1785.

NGC 3947 has a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 9.4 × 107 M☉.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Hurstville railway station
Hurstville railway station is a suburban railway station located on the South Coast line, serving the Sydney suburb of Hurstville. It is served by Sydney Trains T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line services and intercity South Coast Line services.

Transport for NSW
Transport for NSW (TfNSW) is a New South Wales Government transport services and roads agency established on 1 November 2011. The agency is a different entity to the NSW Department of Transport, which is a department of the state government of New South Wales, and the ultimate parent entity of Transport for NSW.

The agency's function is to build transport infrastructure and manage transport services in New South Wales. Since absorbing Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) in December 2019, the agency is also responsible for building and maintaining road infrastructure, managing the day-to-day compliance and safety for roads and waterways and vehicle and driving license registrations.

The agency reports to the New South Wales Minister for Transport, Minister for Roads and the Minister for Regional Transport. The ministers are accountable to the Parliament of New South Wales.
General Velásquez
General Velásquez is a Chilean football club, their home town is San Vicente de Tagua Tagua, Chile. They currently play in the third level of Chilean football, the Segunda Division.

The club was founded on January 8, 1908, as General Velásquez in honor of José Velásquez Bórquez, a general who participated in the War of the Pacific.

Football club (association football)
In association football, a football club (or association football club, alternatively soccer club) is a sports club that acts as an entity through which association football teams organise their sporting activities. The club can exist either as an independent unit or as part of a larger sports organization as a subsidiary of the parent club or organization.

The sport of association football allows teams that partake in some sort of club activity to participate in tournaments such as leagues and other competitions. Teams must register their players as well as staff and other personnel to be eligible to represent the club in any activity as it regards to association football competitions.
Hujia
Hujia (Chinese: 胡笳; Mongolian: 冒顿朝尔, or simply 朝尔) is a traditional Mongolian double reed instrument traditionally used to accompany khoomei (throat singing). The Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute was adapted from Hujia song in Han dynasty.

The hujia originated from an ancient nomadic people. It is now an important part of Chamber art among the Mongols together with Morin huur, Xinagan Chuur, Sihu, etc.

Guan (instrument)
The guan (Chinese: 管; pinyin: guǎn; lit. 'pipe', 'tube') is a Chinese double reed wind instrument.  The northern Chinese version is called  guanzi 管子 or bili (simplified Chinese: 筚篥; traditional Chinese: 篳篥) and the Cantonese version is called houguan 喉管. It is classified as a bamboo instrument in the Ba Yin (ancient Chinese instrument classification) system. Unlike other instruments in the double-reed family of woodwinds which mostly have conical bores, such as the Chinese suona or the Western oboe, the guan has a cylindrical bore, giving its distinctive mellow, yet piercing buzz-like timbre.
Chang Yao-sheng
Chang Yao-sheng (Chinese: 張耀升; born 1975) is a Taiwanese film director, novelist and screenwriter.

Chang's works have been published by Mirror Fiction. His screenwriting credits include The Village of No Return (2017) and A Sun (2019).

By 2019, his screenplay for A Leg had won a NT$100,000 prize for scripts that not yet been produced at the Excellent Screenplay Awards, a ceremony organized by the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development. A Leg became Chang's directorial debut, and alongside Huang Hsin-yao's Classmates Minus, is to open the 57th Golden Horse Awards. A Leg is one of four Taiwanese films to be shown at the 2020 Tokyo International Film Festival.

The Village of No Return
The Village of No Return (Chinese: 健忘村) is a 2017 Taiwanese-Chinese action comedy film directed by Chen Yu-hsun, starring Shu Qi, Wang Qianyuan, Joseph Chang, Eric Tsang and Tony Yang. It was released on 26 January 2017 in Taiwan and on 28 January 2017 in China.
We've Got Tonite
"We've Got Tonite" is a song written by American rock musician Bob Seger, from his album Stranger in Town (1978). The single record charted twice for Seger, and was developed from a prior song that he had written. Further versions charted in 1983 for Kenny Rogers as a duet with Sheena Easton, and again in 2002 for Ronan Keating.

Greatest Hits (Bob Seger album)
Greatest Hits is a compilation album by Bob Seger & the Silver Bullet Band, released in 1994. Certified Diamond by the RIAA, it is Seger's most successful album to date. In December 2009, Billboard and Nielsen SoundScan confirmed that with nearly nine million copies sold. Bob Seger's Greatest Hits was the decade's best-selling catalog album in the United States, even out-selling the Beatles' 1 and Michael Jackson's Number Ones. By September 2011, the album had sold a total of 9,062,000 copies in the United States.