hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Babak Salari
Babak Salari (born March 21, 1959) is an Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer, based in Montreal, educated at Concordia University and Dawson College and specialized in black and white documentary photography.

Born in Shiraz, Iran, Salari's interest in photography began as a teenager in his native Iran where he contributed to various publications. Salari has been documenting the life of common people in Afghanistan, Jordan, Iraq, Kurdistan, Palestine, Israel, Mexico, Cuba, Bulgaria. He has received many awards, including a Gold Addy from the American Ad Federation in 2004 for his work Locating Afghanistan.

Dawson College
Dawson College is an English-language public college in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The college is situated near the heart of Downtown Montreal in a former nunnery on approximately 12 acres (5 ha) of green space. It is the largest CEGEP in the province of Quebec, with a student population of approximately 8,000 day students and 3,000 evening students enrolled in more than 30 fields of study.
George Thorpe (cricketer, born 1834)
George Thorpe (20 February 1834 – 2 March 1899) was an English first-class cricketer, active 1862–64, who played for Sheffield Cricket Club (aka Yorkshire) in 1862 and then for Yorkshire County Cricket Club. He was born and died in Sheffield. Thorpe was a right-handed batsman, who scored 19 runs at 6.33, with a highest score of 9* against Surrey. He held three catches in the field, but was not a bowler.

Sheffield Cricket Club
The Sheffield Cricket Club was founded in the 18th century and soon began to play a key role in the development of cricket in northern England. It was the direct forerunner of Yorkshire County Cricket Club and some of the teams fielded by Sheffield were styled Yorkshire. Sheffield generally held first-class status, depending on the quality of their opponents, from 1827 to 1855.
Peter A. McCullough
Peter Andrew McCullough (/məˈkʌlə/) (born December 29, 1962) is an American former cardiologist. He was vice chief of internal medicine at Baylor University Medical Center and a professor at Texas A&M University. From the beginnings of the COVID-19 pandemic, McCullough has promoted misinformation and conspiracy theories about COVID-19, its treatments, and mRNA vaccines.

In October 2022, the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) recommended that McCullough's board certifications be revoked due to his promotion of misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines, and by January 2025, the ABIM had revoked both of his certifications.

American Board of Internal Medicine
The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, self-appointed physician-evaluation organization that certifies physicians practicing internal medicine and its subspecialties. The American Board of Internal Medicine is not a membership society, educational institution, or licensing body.
Strachowice, Legnica County
Strachowice [straxɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Legnickie Pole, within Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

From the Middle Ages, the area was part of Poland, and afterwards it was also part of Bohemia (Czechia), Prussia and Germany. In 1945 it became part of Poland again following World War II.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Dongmen Road
Dongmen Road (東門路) is a road in Shanghai, China. It extends in the west from the site of the old East Gate of Shanghai on Zhonghua Road, part of the ring road surrounding the Old City of Shanghai, to South Zhongshan Road and the Huangpu River in the east, an arterial road and part of the quasi-ring road Zhongshan Road. Administratively, it is in Huangpu District.

Huangpu River
The Huangpu (pronunciationⓘ), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a 113 km-long (70 mi) river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.

The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its major tributary. It is on average 400 m (1,312 ft) wide and 9 m (30 ft) deep, and divides the city into two regions: Puxi ("west of Huangpu"), the traditional city center, and Pudong ("east of Huangpu").
2014–15 Egyptian Premier League
The 2014–15 Egyptian Premier League was the 56th season of the Egyptian Premier League, the top Egyptian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1948. The season started on 15 September 2014 and concluded on 3 August 2015.

Al Nasr SC (Egypt)
Al Nasr Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي النصر للألعاب الرياضية), is an Egyptian football club based in Cairo, Egypt. The club currently plays in the Egyptian Second Division, the second highest league in the Egyptian football league system.
Israel–San Marino relations
The State of Israel and the Republic of San Marino have formal diplomatic relations. San Marino has a consulate in Savyon, opened on June 28, 2004, and another in Jerusalem. The Israeli embassy in Rome is accredited to San Marino.

Savyon
Savyon (Hebrew: סביון, lit. 'Eastern groundsel') is an affluent town in the Central District of Israel, bordering the cities of Kiryat Ono and Yehud. Ranked 10/10 on the Israeli socio-economic scale, it is one of the wealthiest municipalities in Israel. In 2023 it had a population of 4,446.
Carbon Design System
Carbon Design System is a free and open-source design system and library created by IBM, which implements the IBM Design Language, and licensed under Apache License 2.0. Its public development initially started on June 10, 2015. Their components have multiple implementations, which includes a vanilla JS and CSS implementation and React (maintained by the Carbon Core team), while the community maintains the frameworks developed in Svelte, Vue.js, and Web Components. The official typeface to be used according to the guidelines is the IBM Plex typeface, with alternative typefaces for CJK scripts are Noto Sans CJK SC, Noto Sans CJK TC, and Noto Sans JP.

Web Components
Web Components are a set of features that provide a standard component model for the web allowing for encapsulation and interoperability of individual HTML elements. Web Components are a popular approach when building microfrontends.

Primary technologies used to create Web Components include:

Custom Elements

APIs to define new HTML elements

Shadow DOM

encapsulated DOM and styling, with composition

HTML Templates

HTML fragments that are not rendered, but stored until instantiated via JavaScript
Pennsylvania Memorial
The Pennsylvania Memorial is a war memorial in Varennes-en-Argonne, France dedicated to volunteers from Pennsylvania who participated in the First World War. The memorial is constructed in a Greek style and the viewing platform gives a view of the Aire valley. The memorial was designed by architects Thomas H. Atherton and Paul Philippe Cret. It was erected by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, via the Pennsylvania Monuments Commission, in 1927.

Paul Philippe Cret
Paul Philippe Cret (October 23, 1876 – September 8, 1945) was a French-born Philadelphia architect and industrial designer. For more than thirty years, he taught at a design studio in the Department of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania.
Vaga (inhabited locality)
Vaga (Russian: Вага) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.

Modern rural localities

Vaga, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a railway station classified as a rural locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of district significance of Velsk in Velsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast

Vaga, Bryansk Oblast, a settlement in Chelkhovsky Rural Administrative Okrug of Klimovsky District in Bryansk Oblast; 52°14′N 31°56′E﻿ / ﻿52.233°N 31.933°E﻿ / 52.233; 31.933

Vaga, Kirov Oblast, a village in Ozernitsky Rural Okrug of Slobodskoy District in Kirov Oblast

Historical names

Vaga, former name of Shenkursk, a town in Shenkursky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast

Klimovsky District
Klimovsky District (Russian: Климовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,554 square kilometers (600 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Klimovo. Population: 25,897 (2021 Census); 30,003 (2010 Census); 34,556 (2002 Census); 40,119 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Klimovo accounts for 52.3% of the district's total population.
Big band remote
A big band remote (a.k.a. dance band remote) was a remote broadcast, common on radio in the United States of America during the 1930s and 1940s, involving a coast-to-coast live transmission of a big band.

Ozzie Nelson
Oswald George Nelson (March 20, 1906 – June 3, 1975) was an American actor, filmmaker, musician, and bandleader. He originated and starred in The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, a radio and television series with his wife Harriet and two sons David and Ricky Nelson.
I Know Somebody
"I Know Somebody" is a song recorded by American country music duo LoCash (formerly LoCash Cowboys). It was released to radio on February 22, 2016 as the second single from The Fighters. The song was written by Rhett Akins, Ross Copperman and Jeremy Stover. "I Know Somebody" reached number one on the Billboard Country Airplay chart, giving LoCash their first number-one country hit. It also peaked at numbers 4 and 52 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively. The song was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has sold 174,000 copies in that country as of November 2016. It received similar chart success in Canada, reaching number 8 on the Canada Country chart and number 94 on the Canadian Hot 100.

A music video directed by Ry & Drew Cox was created to promote the single.

Country Airplay
Country Airplay is a chart published weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States since October 20, 2012, although the magazine also retrospectively recognizes the Hot Country Songs charts from January 20, 1990, through October 13, 2012, as part of the history of the Country Airplay listing.  The chart lists the 60 most-listened-to records played on 150 mainstream country radio stations across the country as monitored by Nielsen BDS, weighted to each station's Nielsen ratings.

The first number-one song actually published under the Country Airplay banner was "Take a Little Ride" by Jason Aldean; but as Billboard also recognizes the history of the Hot Country Songs chart since 1990 as part of this chart, the magazine recognizes the first chart-topper as "Nobody's Home" by Clint Black.
USS Courser
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Courser for one who moves from one point to another, or pursues a quarry.

USS Courser (AMc-32), was a World War II coastal minesweeper.

USS Courser (AMS-6), was laid down 28 August 1942 as YMS-201 by the Hiltebrant Dry Dock Company, in Kingston, New York.

Coastal minesweeper
Coastal minesweeper is a term used by the United States Navy to indicate a minesweeper intended for coastal use as opposed to participating in fleet operations at sea.

Because of its small size—usually less than 100 feet in length—and construction—wood as opposed to steel—and slow speed—usually about 9 or 10 knots—the coastal minesweeper was considered too fragile and slow to operate on the high seas with the fleet.

Minesweeping, in conjunction with fleet activities, was usually relegated to the diesel-driven steel-hulled AM-type minesweepers, later to be replaced by the wood-hulled MSO-type minesweeper with aluminum engines.
Drahonice
Drahonice is a municipality and village in Strakonice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Drahonice lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Strakonice, 39 km (24 mi) north-west of České Budějovice, and 102 km (63 mi) south of Prague.

Strakonice
Strakonice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈstrakoɲɪtsɛ]; German: Strakonitz) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants and is located at the confluence of the Volyňka and Otava rivers.

The town's feudal history is closely linked to the Knights Hospitaller. The main landmark of the town is the Strakonice Castle, protected as a national cultural monument. The town has seen rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in the 19th and 20th centuries leading to the loss of many historical buildings and contributing to its modernist appearance. Strakonice is a regional industrial centre, historically known for its engineering and textile industries. It hosts the biennial International Bagpipe Festival.
Otto, Margrave of the Nordmark
Otto (c. 1040–26 June 1057) was a German 11th century noble. He was an illegitimate son of Bernard, Margrave of the Nordmark, and a Slav mistress whose name is unknown. He was exiled to Bohemia during his youth. Following the death of his half-brother William on 10 September 1056, Otto returned to Saxony to claim the Northern March. His claim, however, was contested by Lothair Udo I, and Otto was killed in battle near Hausneindorf on 26 June 1057. The Annales of Lambert of Hersfeld describe Otto as "adolescentem" at the time of his death, suggesting he was still quite young; his birth date is estimated to be around 1040.

Annals
Annals (Latin: annāles, from annus, "year") are a concise historical record in which events are arranged chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record.
Classical music written in collaboration
In classical music, it is relatively rare for a work to be written in collaboration by multiple composers. This contrasts with popular music, where it is common for more than one person to contribute to the music for a song. Nevertheless, there are instances of collaborative classical music compositions.

Felix Blumenfeld
Felix Mikhailovich Blumenfeld (Russian: Фе́ликс Миха́йлович Блуменфе́льд; 19 April [O.S. 7 April] 1863 – 21 January 1931) was a Russian and Soviet composer and conductor of the Imperial Opera St-Petersburg, pianist, and teacher.
Darwin Shaw
Darwin Shaw is a British stage, film and television actor, and director. Formerly practicing as a medical doctor, he retrained as an actor at LAMDA in 2004 after studying theatre in New York City. He was nominated for an Academy Award in 2025 for the Best Live-Action Short Film.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Żukowo
Żukowo [ʐuˈkɔvɔ] (Kashubian: Żukòwò, German: Zuckau, Latin: Sucovia) is a town in Kartuzy County, in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of northern Poland in the cultural region of Kashubia, with 6,236 inhabitants (2005). It is located along the Radunia river in the historic Pomerelia, about 19 km (12 mi) southwest of Gdańsk.

It is one of the youngest towns in Poland, having received its city charter in 1989, and a cultural centre of the Kashubs.

Pomerelia
Pomerelia, also known as Eastern Pomerania, Vistula Pomerania, and also before World War II as Polish Pomerania, is a historical sub-region of Pomerania on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland.

Gdańsk Pomerania is largely coextensive with Pomerelia, but slightly narrower, as it does not include Chełmno Land and Michałów Land.

Its largest and most important city is Gdańsk. Since 1999 the region has formed the core of Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Ghostwalker series
The Ghostwalker series is the name for a collection of paranormal/romance novels by the American author Christine Feehan which feature the a group of men in the Special Forces and young women who have had their psychic abilities enhanced in a secret experiment.

Christine Feehan
Christine Feehan (born Christine King in Ukiah, California) is an American author of paranormal romance, paranormal military thrillers, and fantasy.  She is a #1 New York Times, #1 Publishers Weekly, and International bestselling author of seven series; Carpathian (aka Dark Series), GhostWalker Series, Drake Sisters, Sister of the Heart (Sea Haven) Series, Shadow Riders Series, Leopard Series and Torpedo Ink Series. Six of the seven series have made #1 on the New York Times bestseller list. As of January 2020 she has 80 published novels. The first in her Torpedo Ink Series, Judgment Road, debuted at #1 on the New York Times bestsellers list.
Royal Army of Peru
The Royal Army of Peru (Spanish: Ejército Real del Perú), also known as the National Army (Spanish: Ejército Nacional), was the army organised by the viceroy of Peru, José Fernando de Abascal, to protect the Hispanic Monarchy in the Viceroyalty of Peru—and its surrounding provinces of Charcas, Chile and Quito—of the revolutions that convulsed the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century. This army was made up of 80% Creoles and indigenous Peruvians.

Army
An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch, or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army.
Agroecology in Latin America
Agroecology is an applied science that involves the adaptation of ecological concepts to the structure, performance, and management of sustainable agroecosystems. In Latin America, agroecological practices have a long history and vary between regions but share three main approaches or levels: plot scale, farm scale, and food system scale. Agroecology in Latin American countries can be used as a tool for providing both ecological, economic, and social benefits to the communities that practice it, as well as maintaining high biodiversity and providing refuges for flora and fauna in these countries. Due to its broad scope and versatility, it is often referred to as "a science, a movement, a practice."

Via Campesina
La Vía Campesina (from Spanish: la vía campesina, meaning the peasant way) is an international farmers organization founded in 1993 in Mons, Belgium, formed by 182 organisations in 81 countries, and describing itself as "an international movement which coordinates peasant organizations of small and middle-scale producers, agricultural workers, rural women, and indigenous communities from Asia, Africa, America, and Europe".

La Via Campesina advocates for family farm-based sustainable agriculture, and was the group that coined the term "food sovereignty". La Vía Campesina carries out campaigns to defend farmer's right to seeds, to stop violence against women, for agrarian reform, and generally for the recognition of the rights of peasants.
1830 Central American federal election
Federal elections were held in the Federal Republic of Central America in 1830. They followed the victory of rebel liberal leader Francisco Morazán in the First Central American Civil War in 1829 when he took Guatemala City. Following the end of the war, Morazán urged Congress for new elections.

The main presidential candidates were conservative leader José Cecilio del Valle and Morazán himself. After the popular vote, Morazán obtained 202 electoral votes and Valle 103, still less than required for both to win according to the constitution, a situation that had also occurred in the 1825 elections. This time the liberal-dominated Congress chose to respect the popular vote, which favoured Morazán, proclaiming him president for a four-year term. Valle accepted the results.

José Cecilio del Valle
José Cecilio Díaz del Valle (22 November 1780 – 2 March 1834) was a philosopher, politician, lawyer, and journalist and one of the most important figures in Central America during the transition from colonial government to independence, displaying a wide-ranging expertise in public administration management.

Valle was nicknamed 'The Wise'. He was a moderate.
Knowledge and Human Interests
Knowledge and Human Interests (German: Erkenntnis und Interesse) is a 1968 book by the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas, in which the author discusses the development of the modern natural and human sciences. He criticizes Sigmund Freud, arguing that psychoanalysis is a branch of the humanities rather than a science, and provides a critique of the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.

Habermas's first major systematic work, Knowledge and Human Interests has been compared to the philosopher Paul Ricœur's Freud and Philosophy (1965). It received positive reviews, which identified it as forming part of an important body of work. However, critics have found Habermas's attempt to discuss the relationship between knowledge and human interests unsatisfactory, and his work obscure in style. Some commentators have found his discussion of Freud valuable, while others have questioned his conclusions.

Philosophy of the Social Sciences (journal)
Philosophy of the Social Sciences is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers philosophy of social science. Its editor-in-chief is Ian C. Jarvie (York University). The journal was established in 1971 and is currently published by SAGE Publications.
Peter Kostelka
Peter Kostelka (1 May 1946 – 17 April 2025) was an Austrian politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he served in the Federal Council from July to December 1990 and was a member of the National Council from 1994 to 2001.

Kostelka died on 17 April 2025, at the age of 78.

National Council (Austria)
The National Council (Austrian German: Nationalrat, pronounced [nat͡si̯oˈnaːlˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament and is frequently referred to as the lower house. The constitution endows the National Council with far more power than the Federal Council.