hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jia de Guzman
Julia Melissa "Jia" Morado-de Guzman (born May 10, 1995) is a Filipina volleyball player. She was a member of the Ateneo Lady Eagles and was the team's captain in the UAAP Season 79 Women's Volleyball tournament. From 2015, Jia has been a constant member of the Philippines Women's National Volleyball Team.

2018 Premier Volleyball League Reinforced Conference
The 2018 Premier Volleyball League Reinforced Conference was the fourth conference of the Premier Volleyball League and the first conference of the 2018 season. Conference will start on April 27, 2018 with a Grand Fans Day at the Trinoma Activity Center, Quezon City, 9 days before its opening ceremonies and games on May 6, 2018 at the Filoil Flying V Centre, San Juan City, Philippines.
PLDT returns as PayMaya after two years of absence in the league and newcomer teams, Tacloban Fighting Warays and Petro Gazz Angels are expected to join the league.
Teams will play a single round robin in the preliminary round. The top two teams (ranks 1 and 2) after the preliminary round will automatically enter the semifinals round. The bottom teams after the preliminary round will play a single round robin to determine the two teams (as ranks 3 and 4) that will advance to the semifinals round.
San Francisco Youth Commission
The San Francisco Youth Commission is a seventeen-member body which advises the Mayor and the Board of Supervisors on youth issues in San Francisco, California. Commissioners must be between the ages of 12 and 23.

Connie Chan (politician)
Connie Chan (born 1978; Chinese: 陳詩敏) is an American politician serving as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors for District 1 since January 8, 2021, after defeating Marjan Philhour in 2020, and again in 2024. Chan is a progressive Democrat. District 1 includes the Richmond, Lone Mountain, Sea Cliff, and Presidio Terrace neighborhoods, and parts of Golden Gate Park.
IC 2560
IC 2560 is a spiral galaxy lying over 110 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Antlia. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on 28 December 1897.

The luminosity class of IC 2560 is II with a broad HI line containing regions of ionized hydrogen. Moreover, IC 2560 is an active Type 2 Seyfert Galaxy. It has a distinct bar structure in the center with the supermassive black hole at the core having a mass of 4.4+4.4−2.2×106 M☉.

One supernova has been observed in IC 2560. SN 2020ejm (type Ia, mag. 16) was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc Survey (DLT40) on 11 March 2020.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Social organization
In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on.

Because of these characteristics of social organization, people can monitor their everyday work and involvement in other activities that are controlled forms of human interaction. These interactions include: affiliation, collective resources, substitutability of individuals and recorded control. These interactions come together to constitute common features in basic social units such as family, enterprises, clubs, states, etc. These are social organizations.

Common examples of modern social organizations are government agencies, NGOs, and corporations.

Structure
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Physical structures include artifacts and objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
Tom Cleary
Thomas Leo Cleary (October 30, 1922 – June 20, 2009) was an American professional football player who played for the Edmonton Eskimos He was a former Washington Redskins tackle. He also played for the Hawaiian Warriors of the Pacific Coast Professional Football League and won an award for the most outstanding lineman.

Cleary was from Oakland, California and attended Roosevelt High School there and later Saint Mary's College in Moraga, California where he played college football.[n1] He was a veteran of World War II with the United States Marine Corps, having served in the Marine Raiders battalion commanded by Evans Carlson and reaching the rank of captain. Cleary married Isabel Lloyd, who was from Alberta. He died in 2009.

Moraga, California
Moraga is a town in Contra Costa County, California, United States. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area, the town is named in honor of Joaquín Moraga, member of the famed Californio family. As of 2020, Moraga had a total population of 16,870 people. Moraga is the home of Saint Mary's College of California.
Navalese dialect
Navalese is a variant of Southern Aragonese. The main characteristic of this local speech is the conservation of the articles system lo, la, los, las (that we can find in Hecho and Aragüés Aragonese, that some authors believe is an archaism), instead of the general system o, a, os, as.

Naval is a place located in El Grado, in the county of Somontano de Barbastro.

El Grado
El Grado (Aragonese Lo Grau) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to 2009 data (INE), the municipality has a population of 506 inhabitants.

There is a large reservoir, managing the waters of river Cinca in this town's municipal term.
Dianne Reilly
Dianne Ann Reilly (born 29 January 1969) is an Australian politician. She was a Labor member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 2001 to 2009, representing the district of Mudgeeraba.

Reilly was first elected to parliament at the 2001 state election and was subsequently re-elected at the 2004 state election and 2006 state election. Seeking a fourth term at the 2009 state election, she was defeated by Liberal National candidate Ros Bates.

Since her defeat in 2009, Reilly is employed by the Government owned and controlled Water Retailer Allconnex as a media and public relations advisor.

Reilly was born in Brisbane. She is married, with one son and one daughter.

2009 Queensland state election
The 2009 Queensland state election was held on 21 March 2009 to elect all 89 members of the Legislative Assembly, a unicameral parliament.

The election saw the incumbent Labor government led by Premier Anna Bligh defeat the Liberal National Party of Queensland led by Opposition Leader Lawrence Springborg, and gain a fifth consecutive term in office for her party. Bligh thus became the first female Premier of any Australian State elected in her own right.

This was the first election contested by the LNP following its creation with the merger of the National and Liberal parties.

The 2009 election marked the eighth consecutive victory of Labor in a general election since 1989, although it was out of office between 1996 and 1998 as a direct result of the 1996 Mundingburra by-election.
Baho!
Baho! is a novel by Roland Rugero published in France in 2012, and translated into English by Christopher Schaefer in 2015. It is the first Burundian novel to be translated into English. The story is set in the fictional village of Hariho, following a young mute boy named Nyamuragi. When his attempts to find a bathroom are misunderstood as sexual advances, Nyamuragi finds himself voiceless due both to his disability and the hasty persecution of his wrongful convictions.

Taking place after the events of the Burundian genocides, Baho! grapples with many sociocultural themes and arguments that deal with Burundi's recent problems with cultural identity. As a result, the novel employs many Burundian cultural elements including Kirundi proverbs. Despite its heavy involvement in Burundian culture and history, the novel does not discuss ethnical differences between characters. Baho! serves to instruct Burundi on how it can successfully grow as a culture and nation.

1993 ethnic violence in Burundi
Mass killings of Tutsis were conducted by the majority-Hutu populace in Burundi from 21 October to December 1993, under an eruption of ethnic animosity and riots following the assassination of Burundian President Melchior Ndadaye in an attempted coup d'état. The massacres took place in all provinces apart from Makamba and Bururi, and were primarily undertaken by Hutu peasants. At many points throughout, Tutsis took vengeance and initiated massacres in response.

The United Nations Population Fund and the Government of Burundi conducted a study in 2002 which concluded that a total of 116,059 people died during the events. The question of whether the killings of Tutsis arose from a planned genocide or from spontaneous violence remains heavily disputed among academics and Burundians who lived through the events.
1812 in birding and ornithology
Academy of Natural Sciences founded in Philadelphia. It  is the first natural science research institution and museum in the New World.

Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring describes Ornithocephalus antiquus now known as Pterodactylus.The animal was described as being both a mammal, a bat, and a form in between mammals and birds. George Cuvier and provided a lengthy description in which he restated his previous view that the fossil animal was a reptile.

Ongoing events

George Shaw General Zoology, or Systematic Natural History (1809-1826) Species described in this work in 1812 include blue-tufted starthroat, red-tailed comet, greater vasa parrot, copper sunbird,  glittering-bellied emerald and purple-banded sunbird.

Alexander Wilson Ornithology of America (1808–1814) Species described in this work in 1812  include fish crow, whip-poor-will and Connecticut warbler

Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring
Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring  (28 January 1755 – 2 March 1830) was a German physician, anatomist, anthropologist, paleontologist and inventor. Sömmerring discovered the macula in  the retina of the human eye. His investigations on the brain and the nervous system, on the sensory organs, on the embryo and its malformations, on the structure of the lungs, etc., made him one of the most important German anatomists.
The mitzvah to write a Torah scroll
The mitzvah to write a Torah scroll (Hebrew: מצוות כתיבת ספר תורה) is the second to last mitzvah of the 613 Jewish commandments. It mandates Jews to write a Torah scroll for themselves. The source of the mitzvah is from what is said in Parashat Vayelech in Book of Deuteronomy:

Now write down this song and teach it to the Israelites and have them sing it, so that it may be a witness for me against them"

In the Oral Torah it is said that although according to the verse only the parasha "Hazinu" should be written, but since it is forbidden to write only one parsha from the Torah, necessarily the intention of the Torah in this mitzvah is to write the whole Torah.

Eliezer Melamed
Eliezer Melamed (Hebrew: אליעזר מלמד; born 28 June 1961) is an Israeli religious-Zionist rabbi, the rosh yeshiva of Yeshivat Har Bracha, the rabbi of the settlement Har Brakha, and the author of Peninei Halakha, a series of Halakhic works.
Saint Joseph's Hawks men's lacrosse
The Saint Joseph's men's lacrosse team represents Saint Joseph's University in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's lacrosse. Since 2023, they have competed in the Atlantic 10 Conference as full members. They play home games at Sweeney Field in Wynnefield, Philadelphia

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
Community development corporation
A Community Development Corporation (CDC) is a not-for-profit organization incorporated to provide programs, offer services and engage in other activities that promote and support community development. CDCs usually serve a geographic location such as a neighborhood or a town. They often focus on serving lower-income residents or struggling neighborhoods. They can be involved in a variety of activities including economic development, education, community organizing and real estate development. These organizations are often associated with the development of affordable housing.

The first community development corporation in the United States was the Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Mostar Cathedral
The Cathedral of Mary, Mother of the Church (Croatian: Katedrala Marije Majke Crkve) also Mostar Cathedral in Mostar is one of four Roman Catholic cathedrals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the seat of the Mostar-Duvno Bishopric currently led by Bishop Petar Palić.

The construction of the new cathedral in a modern style began in 1974 with the excavations for the foundations. It was built on the site of an old cathedral dating from 1872, which had been dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul.

The project was completed in the summer of 1980, partly due to delays, changes in the original plan and architectural defects found in the presbytery area. The interior is decorated with stained glass and mosaics. During the Bosnian War the church was greatly damaged. Later it was rebuilt in its entirety.

Petar Palić
Petar Palić (born 3 July 1972) is a Bosnian-Herzegovinian prelate of the Catholic Church who is currently the bishop of Mostar-Duvno and apostolic administrator of Trebinje-Mrkan since 2020.

Palić descends from the Kosovo Croat family, being born in Pristina. After graduating from the Faculty of Catholic Theology in Zagreb in 1995, Palić was ordained a priest in 1996 and held various pastoral and administrative posts in the Diocese of Dubrovnik. He was bishop of the Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis from 2018 to 2020.
Hoilola
Hoilola (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhoi̯lolɑ]) is a village in North Karelia, Finland. It is located near the Russian border along the regional road 500 about 68 kilometres (42 mi) southeast of the city centre of Joensuu.

Before World War II, Hoilola was part of the Korpiselkä municipality, which was ceded to the Soviet Union in the territorial cessions. Hoilola is one of the villages that remained entirely on the Finnish side. After this, the village became part of Tuupovaara municipality until 2005, when the areas were annexed to Joensuu.

The village is known for its two churches: one Lutheran from 1949 and one Orthodox from 1957.

North Karelia
North Karelia (or Northern Karelia, Finnish: Pohjois-Karjala; Swedish: Norra Karelen) is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is the easternmost region of Finland and shares a 300 kilometres (190 mi) border with Russia. The city of Joensuu is the capital and the largest settlement of the region.

North Karelia has successfully reduced chronic diseases through public health measures. In the 1960s Finland led industrialized nations in heart disease mortality rates; North Karelia had Finland's highest incidence. In 1972 a long-term project was undertaken which targeted this risk in North Karelia. The resulting improvement in public health is still considered remarkable, a model for the rest of the nation. North Karelia is also known as the most sociable region in Finland.
Guildhall Lectures
The Guildhall Lectures were an annual series of talks on the theme of communication, organised by the British Association.

The lectures, held in the London Guildhall, were sponsored and broadcast by Granada Television.  The first set of three lectures were held in 1959, and they continued until at least 1984.  Broadly on the theme of "Communication in the Modern World", they concerned the arts, sciences, politics and mass media.

Guildhall, London
Guildhall is a municipal building in the City of London, England. It is off Gresham and Basinghall streets, in the wards of Bassishaw and Cheap. The current building dates from the 15th century; however documentary evidence suggests that a guildhall had existed at the site since at least the early 12th century. The building has been used as a town hall for several hundred years, and is still the ceremonial and administrative centre of the City of London and its Corporation. It should not be confused with London's City Hall, the administrative centre for Greater London in Canning Town. The term "Guildhall" refers both to the whole building and to its main room, which is a medieval great hall. It is a Grade I-listed building.
Kvarme
Kvarme is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bjørn Tore Kvarme (born 1972), Norwegian footballer

Geir Kvarme (born 1963), Norwegian actor

Ole Christian Kvarme (born 1948), Norwegian Lutheran bishop

Bjørn Tore Kvarme
Bjørn Tore Kvarme (born 17 June 1972) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a defender. Kvarme earned one cap for the Norwegian national team, a friendly against Colombia in 1997.
Stefan de Vrij
Stefan de Vrij (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈstefan də ˈfrɛi]; born 5 February 1992) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie A club Inter Milan and the Netherlands national team.

De Vrij began his career at his local club VV Spirit, and debuted as a professional for Feyenoord at age 17. He spent five seasons at the Eredivisie club, serving briefly as captain, before joining Lazio in July 2014.

A full international since 2012, De Vrij has earned over 70 caps for the Netherlands. He was part of the Dutch team that finished third at the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and was selected for the Castrol Performance Index Team of the Tournament. He also played at UEFA Euro 2020 and Euro 2024, reaching the semi-finals of the latter.

2020–21 Serie A
The 2020–21 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 119th season of top-tier Italian football, the 89th in a round-robin tournament, and the 11th since its organization under an own league committee, the Lega Serie A. Inter Milan won the title with four matches remaining after second-placed Atalanta drew against Sassuolo.

Inter Milan's title was their 19th in club history and their first in 11 years. It ended Juventus's run of nine consecutive league titles, as they finished in fourth place, 13 points behind Inter Milan.
Augustine report
Two things are known as Augustine report:

The 1990 report written by the Advisory Committee on the Future of the United States Space Program, chaired by Norman Augustine

The 2009 report written by the Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee, also chaired by Norman Augustine

Augustine Committee
The Advisory Committee on the Future of the United States Space Program, commonly known as the Augustine Committee, was a 1990 space policy group requested by Vice President Dan Quayle, chairman of the National Space Council. The objective of the committee was to evaluate the long-term future of NASA and the United States civilian space program. The committee's final report (known as the Augustine Report) recommended that the space program should comprise five activities—space science, Earth science, human spaceflight, space technology and space transportation—with space science as the highest priority for funding. It also proposed an unmanned launch vehicle to replace some Space Shuttle launches, and a scaled-back redesign of space station Freedom.
1976 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1976 followed the system in place since 1971. 
The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) voted by mail to select from recent major league players and elected two, Bob Lemon and Robin Roberts. The Veterans Committee met in closed sessions to consider executives, managers, umpires, and earlier major league players. It selected three players: Roger Connor, Cal Hubbard, and Freddie Lindstrom. The Negro Leagues Committee also met in person and selected Oscar Charleston. A formal induction ceremony was held in Cooperstown, New York, on August 9, 1976, with Commissioner of Baseball Bowie Kuhn presiding.

Commissioner of Baseball
The commissioner of baseball is the chief executive officer of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the associated Minor League Baseball (MiLB) – a constellation of leagues and clubs known as "organized baseball". Under the direction of the commissioner, the Office of the Commissioner of Baseball hires and maintains the sport's umpiring crews, and negotiates marketing, labor, and television contracts. The commissioner is chosen by a vote of the owners of the teams. The incumbent MLB commissioner is Rob Manfred, who assumed office on January 25, 2015.
Marianne Jodoin
Marianne Jodoin (born January 12, 1993) is a Canadian former professional tennis player. She was doubles champion at the $50,000 Toronto Challenger in 2009 (with Maureen Drake).

Jodoin grew up in Varennes and had her breakthrough in junior tennis when she won the Canadian national U-16 indoor championships. In 2010 she qualified for the junior draw of the Australian Open and represented Canada at the Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.  For the next four years she played collegiate tennis in the United States, for Fresno State and Duke University. She went on to pursue postgraduate studies back in Canada instead of a career in professional tennis.

Varennes, Quebec
Varennes (French pronunciation: [vaʁɛn] ⓘ) is an off-island suburb of Montréal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the Saint Lawrence River in the Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality. The city is approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Downtown Montreal. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 20,994. In 2015, the population is listed at 24,000.