hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorial Green-Beckham
Dorial Isaiah Green-Beckham (born April 12, 1993) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Tennessee Titans in the second round of the 2015 NFL draft and played college football for the Missouri Tigers until he was dismissed from the team in 2014.

A two-time USA Today High School All-American (2010 and 2011) at Hillcrest High School in Springfield, Missouri, Green-Beckham was the first wide receiver to be named USA Today Offensive Player of the Year since Andre Hastings in 1989. He was also the first wide receiver to ever win the Hall Trophy, awarded to the nation's best high school player.

USA Today All-USA High School Football Team
Each year, American newspaper USA Today awards outstanding high school American football players with a place on its All-USA High School Football Team. The newspaper names athletes that its sports journalists believe to be the best football players from high schools around the United States. The newspaper has named a team every year since 1982.

In addition, two members of the team are named the USA Today High School Offensive Player and Defensive Player of the Year. The newspaper also selects a USA Today High School Football Coach of the Year.
George Scott (Roubaix footballer)
George Scott was an English footballer who played as a defender for RC Roubaix in the early 20th century, being the defensive pillar of the Racing team that won seven consecutive Northern championships from 1902 to 1908, and then reached seven consecutive finals of the French championship, winning five (1902–04, 1906, and 1908).

Challenge International du Nord
The Challenge international du Nord (Northern International Challenge) was an annual football tournament featuring clubs from Northern France and Belgium as they could not play in the French Championship. Later teams from Switzerland, Netherlands and England were invited to play. It was hosted in the Lille area (Roubaix, Tourcoing and Lille) between 1898 and 1914 in different formats.
Château Latour à Pomerol
Château Latour à Pomerol is a Bordeaux wine from the appellation Pomerol. The winery is located on the Right Bank of the Bordeaux wine region, in the commune of Pomerol in the department Gironde. As all wine produced in this appellation, Château Latour à Pomerol is unclassified, but is estimated among the great crus of the region.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Kalithozhan
Kalithozhan ( Friend) is a 1966 Indian Malayalam film, directed by M. Krishnan Nair and produced by A. V. Subbarao and L.V Prasad. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Sukumari and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. The film had musical score by G. Devarajan. The film was a remake of the Telugu film Illarikam.

Adoor Bhasi
K. Bhaskaran Nair (1 March 1929 – 29 March 1990), professionally credited by his stage name Adoor Bhasi, was an Indian actor and film director. He was mostly cast as a sidekick to protagonists, particularly Prem Nazir. His comedic roles were widely appreciated in Malayalam films of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Bhasi has also done leading and character roles. He directed three Malayalam films in the late 1970s. Bhasi is also known for his eloquent speeches in fluent English. He has won Kerala State Film Awards, including two Best Actor and one Second Best Actor.
Integrated quantum photonics
Integrated quantum photonics, uses photonic integrated circuits to control photonic quantum states for applications in quantum technologies. As such, integrated quantum photonics provides a promising approach to the miniaturisation and scaling  up of optical quantum circuits. The major application of integrated quantum photonics is Quantum technology:, for example quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum simulation, quantum walks and quantum metrology.

Miniaturization
Miniaturization (Br.Eng.: miniaturisation) is the trend to manufacture ever-smaller mechanical, optical, and electronic products and devices. Examples include miniaturization of mobile phones, computers and vehicle engine downsizing. In electronics, the exponential scaling and miniaturization of silicon MOSFETs (MOS transistors) leads to the number of transistors on an integrated circuit chip doubling every two years, an observation known as Moore's law. This leads to MOS integrated circuits such as microprocessors and memory chips being built with increasing transistor density, faster performance, and lower power consumption, enabling the miniaturization of electronic devices.
Abdul Hameed Khan
Abdul Hameed Khan (1892–1965) was an Indian merchant and politician who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council, Madras Legislative Assembly and Diwan of the Carnatic state. In 1935–36, he served as the first Muslim mayor of Madras city. He lived in Amir Mahal in Chennai, India

Dewan
Dewan (also known as diwan, sometimes spelled devan or divan) designated a powerful government official, minister, or ruler. A dewan was the head of a state institution of the same name (see Divan). Diwans belonged to the elite families in the history of Mughal and post-Mughal India and held high posts within the government.
María Pascuala Caro Sureda
María Pascuala Caro Sureda (7 July 1768 – 12 December 1827), was the second woman Doctor of Philosophy in Spain.

She was born to the marqués de La Romana, Pere Caro Fontes, and Margalida Sureda de Togores. She was given a high education and taught Latin, which was not usual for women, and her mother arranged for all her children to be given a formal education. She was allowed to study at the University of Valencia, which was highly unusual for a woman, and was even allowed to graduate: she became a Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Valencia in 1779, as the second  of her sex in Spain, and published her work in physics and mathematics, Ensayo de Historia, Física y Matemáticas, in 1781.

She is described as simple, humble and beautiful. In 1789, she entered the Santa Catalina de Siena Dominican convent in Palma de Mallorca, where she became prioress. During her life in the convent, she became known for her religious mystic poems.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Marie-Jo Bonnet
Marie-Josèphe Bonnet (born 1949 in Deauville) is a French specialist in the history of women, history of art, and history of lesbians. She has also published books in the history of the French resistance and occupation.

Deauville
Deauville (French pronunciation: [dovil] ⓘ) is a commune in the Calvados department, Normandy, northwestern France. Major attractions include its harbour, race course, marinas, conference centre, villas, Grand Casino, and hotels. The first Deauville Asian Film Festival took place in 1999. As the closest seaside resort to Paris, Deauville is one of the most notable seaside resorts in France. The city and its region of the Côte Fleurie (Flowery Coast) have long been home to the French upper class's seaside houses and is often referred to as the Parisian riviera.

Since the 19th century, the town of Deauville has been a fashionable holiday resort for the international upper class. In France, it is perhaps most well-known for its role in Proust's In Search of Lost Time.
Controversies about the word niggardly
In the United States, there have been several controversies involving the misunderstanding of the word niggardly, an adjective meaning "stingy" or "miserly", because of its phonetic similarity to the term nigger, an ethnic slur used against black people. Although the two words are etymologically unrelated, niggard is nonetheless often replaced with a synonym. People have faced misplaced backlash for using the word.

Niggard, arising in the Middle Ages, long predates nigger, which arose in the 18th century.

James Poniewozik
James Poniewozik (/pɒnəˈwɒzɪk/; born July 12, 1968) is an American journalist and television critic. He is the chief TV critic for The New York Times. Earlier in his career, he wrote Time's Tuned In column for 16 years.
East Bay (Texas)
East Bay also known as East Galveston Bay, is the eastern extension of Galveston Bay found in Chambers County, Texas. The bay is oriented northeast to southwest, and is approximately five miles wide and twenty miles in length. It covers the area north of the entire Bolivar Peninsula, and south of mainland Texas, including the small community of Smith Point at the western extreme. The bay's one extension is Rollover Bay, which is found to the extreme east near the town of Gilchrist.

Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Bolivar Peninsula (/ˈbɒlɪvər/ BOL-i-vər) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Galveston County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,769 at the 2020 census. The communities of Port Bolivar, Crystal Beach, Caplen, Gilchrist, and High Island are located on Bolivar Peninsula.
Bullring
A bullring is an arena where bullfighting is performed. Bullrings are often associated with the Iberian Peninsula, but they can also be found through Iberian America and in a few Spanish and Portuguese ex-colonies in Africa. Bullrings are often historic and culturally significant centres that bear many structural similarities to the Roman amphitheatre.

Basque Country (greater region)
The Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria; Spanish: País Vasco; French: Pays basque; Occitan: Pais Basco) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque Country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay.

Encompassing the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France, the region is home to the Basque people (Basque: Euskaldunak), their language (Basque: Euskara), culture and traditions. The area is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, and certain areas have a majority of people who do not consider themselves Basque, such as the south of Navarre. The concept is still highly controversial, and the Supreme Court of Navarre has upheld a denial of government funding to school books that include the Navarre community within the Basque Country area.
Cuivre River State Park
Cuivre River State Park is a public recreation area covering more than 6,400 acres (2,600 ha) northeast of the city of Troy in the Lincoln Hills region of northeastern Missouri, United States. The state park's rugged landscapes range from native grasslands and savannas to limestone bluffs overlooking forested hills. The park offers an extensive system of hiking trails plus swimming and camping facilities and is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. It encompasses the Lincoln Hills Natural Area (1872 acres) and two designated wild areas: Big Sugar Creek (1675 acres) and Northwoods (1082 acres).

Missouri Department of Natural Resources
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MoDNR) is a state department of Missouri responsible for protecting, managing, and interpreting the state's natural, cultural, and energy resources. The department consists of multiple divisions including the Division of Environmental Quality, the Division of Geology and Land Survey, the Division of State Parks, the Environmental and Energy Resources Authority, and the Field Services Division. Through its State Parks Division, the department oversees and operates Missouri state parks and historic sites.
Artemia franciscana
The San Francisco brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana)  is a species of brine shrimp endemic to the Americas but now widely introduced throughout the tropics and temperate zones worldwide.

Several late embryogenesis abundant proteins have been identified in this species. See Menze et al., 2009, Sharon et al., 2009, Hand et al., 2007 and Chen et al., 2009 for LEA proteins in A. franciscana.

Late embryogenesis abundant proteins
Late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA proteins) are proteins in plants, and some bacteria and invertebrates, that protect against protein aggregation due to desiccation or osmotic stresses associated with low temperature. LEA proteins were initially discovered accumulating late in embryogenesis of cotton seeds. Although abundant in seeds and pollens, LEA proteins have been found to protect against desiccation, cold, or high salinity in a variety of organisms, including the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Artemia (brine shrimp), and rotifers.
Swords and Ploughshares Museum
The Swords and Ploughshares Museum is a private military museum located south of the village of Kars, Ontario, Canada. The Museum is focused on a specific aspect of Canadian military history: the Citizen Soldier (the Militiaman and Reservist) at peace and at war. The Museum uses vehicles and artifacts to demonstrate how they could be adapted and used by Citizen Soldiers for both military and civilian purposes. For example, a Ram tank from World War II that was modified after the war to serve as a snowplow was a featured display at the Museum for many years.

Amongst the artifacts and equipment that the Museum displays is a 1942 Bofors 40 mm Light Anti-Aircraft Gun which is maintained as a living monument and memorial for Canadian anti-aircraft gunners.

Snowplow
A snowplow (also snow plow, snowplough or snow plough) is a device intended for mounting on a vehicle, used for removing snow and ice from outdoor surfaces, typically those serving transportation purposes. Although this term is often used to refer to vehicles mounting such devices, more accurately they are known as winter service vehicles, especially in areas that regularly receive large amounts of snow every year, or in specific environments such as airfields. In other cases, pickup trucks and front end loaders are outfitted with attachments to fulfill this purpose. Some regions that do not frequently see snow may use graders to remove compacted snow and ice off the streets. Snowplows can also be mounted on rail cars or locomotives to clear railway tracks.
Punjabi dialects
The Punjabi language has a variety of dialects (bōlīyāṁ) which form a dialect continuum and are primarily subdivided into three groups: Majhi (Central Punjabi) in the centre, Eastern Punjabi in the east, and Lahnda (Western Punjabi) in the west. The dialects vary based on geographical, cultural, and historical factors. Punjabi may also be considered as a pluricentric language with more than one standard variety (mi'ārī bōlī).

There was a historic disagreement on whether they form part of a single language group within the Indo-Aryan language family, with early classifications assigning the western dialects to the Northwestern zone and the eastern ones to the Central zone; but broadly all modern classifications agree on their forming a single group within the Northwestern zone.

Pluricentric language
A pluricentric language or polycentric language is a language with several codified standard forms, often corresponding to different countries. Many examples of such languages can be found worldwide among the most-spoken languages, including but not limited to Chinese in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Singapore; English in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India, Singapore, and elsewhere; and French in France, Canada, many African countries, and elsewhere.

The converse case is a monocentric language, which has only one formally standardized version. Examples include Japanese and Russian.
In some cases, the different standards of a pluricentric language may be elaborated to appear as separate languages, e.g. Malaysian and Indonesian, Hindi and Urdu, while Serbo-Croatian is in an earlier stage of that process.
Seán MacEllin
Seán MacEllin (died 1 September 1969) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1928 to 1936, 1938 to 1943 and 1944 to 1948. He was first elected to the Free State Seanad in 1928 for 3 years.

He was re-elected for a 9-year term at the 1931 Seanad election and served until the Free State Seanad was abolished in 1936. At the 1938 election, he was elected by the Industrial and Commercial Panel. He lost his seat at the 1943 election, but regained it at the 1944 election. He did not contest the 1948 Seanad election.

Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)
Seanad Éireann (Irish pronunciation: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; Senate of Ireland) was the upper house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1936. It has also been known simply as the Senate, First Seanad, Free State Senate or Free State Seanad. The Seanad was established under the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. A number of constitutional amendments were made to change the manner of its election and its powers. It was eventually abolished in 1936 when it attempted to obstruct constitutional reforms favoured by the government. It sat, like its modern successor, in Leinster House.
Coopersville Area Public Schools
Coopersville Area Public Schools is a public school district in West Michigan. In Ottawa County, it serves Coopersville, Polkton Township and parts of Chester Township, Crockery Township, Tallmadge Township, and Wright Township. In Muskegon County, it serves parts of Ravenna Township and Sullivan Township.

All schools in the district share a campus (and mailing address) at 198 East Street in Coopersville, although they are in different buildings.

West Michigan
West Michigan and Western Michigan are terms for a region in the U.S. state of Michigan's Lower Peninsula. Generally, it refers to the Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland area, and more broadly to most of the region along the Lower Peninsula's Lake Michigan shoreline, but there is no official definition.
75th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 75th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was a unit of the Union Army during the American Civil War.  It was composed almost entirely of German-speaking residents of Philadelphia and newly arrived German immigrants.  Total enrollment, over the course of the war, was 1,293 officers and men.   The 75th Pennsylvania participated in several major battles including Second Bull Run, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.   The regiment was transferred to the Western Theater in September, 1863.  There, it participated in operations in Tennessee, before it was mustered out of service on September 1, 1865, following the close of the war.

Groveton, Virginia
Groveton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 14,598 at the 2010 census, down from 21,296 in 2000 due to a reduction in area. Located south of the city of Alexandria, it encompasses numerous neighborhoods including Groveton, Bucknell Manor, Stoneybrooke, and portions of Hollin Hills. Huntley Meadows Park, Fairfax County's largest park, is located in the southwest part of the CDP.
Africa Genome Education Institute
The Africa Genome Education Institute (AGEI) is a public forum focusing on genetics and biotechnology in the African continent. It has organised major genome related events and conferences in Stellenbosch (2003), Cairo (2004), Nairobi (2005), Somerset West (2006). The AGEI's executive director is Prof Wilmot James.

The AGEI received a $50,000 grant (October 1, 2007 - October 31, 2009) from the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation to understand race and skin colour.

Somerset West
Somerset West (Afrikaans: Somerset-Wes) is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa. Organisationally and administratively it is included in the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality Eastern sub-region (formerly called Helderberg Basin).
The vehicle registration code for Somerset West is CFM and the post code is 7130 for street addresses, and 7129 for post office boxes.
Gasba music
Gasba or tamja is a musical style based on a wind instrument of the same name (gasba literally means "reed" in the Berber language), which is widespread in Tunisia, Algeria (among Chawis of north-east Algeria and Oran in the northwest), and in Morocco, (in the eastern Rif (Al Hoceima, Driouch, Nador, Berkane) Oujda, Beni Mathar and Bouarfa and by Jilala brotherhood).

Berkane
Berkane (Arabic: بركان) is a city in northeastern Morocco, limited by the Mediterranean to the north, the Kis river (Moroccan-Algerian border) and Oujda-Angad Prefecture in the east, Nador Province to the west, and Taourirt Province in the south. It is the capital of Berkane Province.
Alarmone
An alarmone is an intracellular signal molecule that is produced in bacteria, chloroplasts, and a slim minority of archaea reacting to harsh environmental factors. They regulate the gene expression at transcription level. Alarmones are produced in high concentrations when harsh environmental factors occur in bacteria and plants, such as lack of amino acids, to produce proteins. Stringent factors take uncharged tRNA and convert it to an alarmone. Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) is then converted to 5´-diphosphate 3´-diphosphate guanosine (ppGpp), the archetypical alarmone. ppGpp will bind to RNA polymerase β and β´ subunits, changing promoter preference. It will decrease transcription of rRNA and other genes but will increase transcription of genes involved in amino acid biosyntheses and metabolisms involved in famine.

Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
This glossary of cellular and molecular biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in the study of cell biology, molecular biology, and related disciplines, including molecular genetics, biochemistry, and microbiology. It is split across two articles:

Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (0–L) lists terms beginning with numbers and those beginning with the letters A through L.

Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z) (this page) lists terms beginning with the letters M through Z.

This glossary is intended as introductory material for novices (for more specific and technical detail, see the article corresponding to each term). It has been designed as a companion to Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology, which contains many overlapping and related terms; other related glossaries include Glossary of virology and Glossary of chemistry.