hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Empress Dowager Wei (Later Liang)
Empress Dowager Wei (Chinese: 衛太后; personal name unknown) was an empress dowager of the Di-led Later Liang dynasty of China. She was the mother of the last emperor Lü Long.

Lady Wei was most likely the wife of Lü Long's father Lü Bao (呂寶), who was a younger brother of the founding emperor Lü Guang (Emperor Yiwu).  Very little is known about her.  When Lü Long became emperor after his younger brother Lü Chao (呂超) assassinated then-emperor Lü Zuan in 401, he honored her as empress dowager.  There was no further historical reference to her, and it is not known whether she survived the state's destruction in 403 or her son's death in 416.

Lü Guang
Lü Guang (Chinese: 呂光; 337 – c.January 400), courtesy name Shiming (世明), also known by his posthumous name as Emperor Yiwu of Later Liang (後涼懿武帝), was the founding emperor of the Di-led Chinese Later Liang dynasty (although during most of his reign, he used the title "Heavenly King"). He was initially a Former Qin general, but in light of Former Qin's collapse starting in 384, he decided to found his own state, initially including nearly all of modern Gansu. As his reign continued, however, his domain dwindled after Southern Liang and Northern Liang declared independence. His death in early 400 left Later Liang in an unstable state, and it would be no more by 403.
Republic, Michigan
Republic is an unincorporated community in Marquette County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also a census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes and no legal status as an incorporated municipality. The CDP had a population of 470 at the 2020 census, down from 570 in 2010. The community is located mostly within Republic Township with a small portion extending north into Humboldt Township.

The Republic ZIP Code (49879) covers a much larger area than the CDP, including most of Republic Township and portions of Humboldt Township, plus portions of Mansfield and Crystal Falls townships in Iron County.

Crystal Falls Township, Michigan
Crystal Falls Township is a civil township of Iron County in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the township population was 1,722. In 2020, its population declined to 1,647. The city of Crystal Falls is almost completely surrounded by the township, but it is administratively autonomous from the township.
Haye
Haye is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdul Haye (1889–1946), Punjabi lawyer

David Haye (born 1980), British boxer

Helen Haye (1874–1957), British actress

Jack Haye, American banker and academic administrator

Jovan Haye (born 1982), American football coach

Julie Haye, fictional character

Kléber Haye (1937–2023), French engineer and politician

Ludovic Haye (born 1975), French politician

Thom Haye (born 1995), Dutch footballer

William Haye (1948–2019), Jamaican cricketer

Julie Bates
Julie Bates (also Haye) is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera EastEnders played by Karen Henthorn. She originally appeared between 15 September 1997 and 30 April 1998.

Julie was introduced as a love interest for the established character Nigel Bates (Paul Bradley). After "a whirlwind affair", the couple leave the soap together for a new life in Scotland. She made an unannounced voice-only return on 6 January 2025. On 26 June 2025, it was announced that Julie would return full-time later in the year to coincide with Nigel's ongoing dementia storyline. She returned on 15 July.
Hero (1992 film)
Hero (released in the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Australia as Accidental Hero) is a 1992 American comedy-drama film directed by Stephen Frears. It was written by David Webb Peoples, from a story written by Peoples, Laura Ziskin and Alvin Sargent, and stars Dustin Hoffman, Geena Davis, Andy García, and Joan Cusack. Following The Grifters (1990), it was the second American feature film by British filmmaker Frears.

Alvin Sargent
Alvin Sargent (April 12, 1927 – May 9, 2019) was an American screenwriter. He won two Academy Awards for Best Adapted Screenplay, for Julia (1977) and Ordinary People (1980). Sargent's other works include screenplays of the films The Sterile Cuckoo (1969), The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds (1970), Paper Moon (1973), Nuts (1987), White Palace (1990), What About Bob? (1991), Unfaithful (2002), Spider-Man 2 (2004), Spider-Man 3 (2007), and The Amazing Spider-Man (2012).
Roy Leonard
LeRoy Stewart Leonard (January 19, 1931 – September 4, 2014) was an American radio personality, best known for hosting WGN's midday radio show from Chicago for 31 years and for his appearances on WGN-TV's news and Christmas specials.  He also hosted Family Classics after Frazier Thomas died.

Leonard died on September 4, 2014, at a hospital in Evanston, Illinois, of complications from an esophageal infection, aged 83.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
David Pol
David Pol (born August 31, 1973) is a Canadian former professional football offensive lineman who played one season with the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was selected by the BC Lions in the second round of the 1999 CFL draft after playing CIS football at the University of British Columbia. He was also a member of the BC Lions, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Toronto Argonauts.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Khastakh
The Khastakh or Tuora-Yuryakh (Russian: Хастах; Yakut: Хаастаах, Xaastaax) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. It is one of the two tributaries giving origin to the Indigirka. The river has a length of 251 kilometres (156 mi) and a drainage basin area of 10,500 square kilometres (4,100 sq mi). The upper stretch of its course is also known as Khalkan.

The river flows south of the Arctic Circle, across desolate tundra territories of the Oymyakonsky District marked by mountainous terrain and permafrost.

Oymyakonsky District
Oymyakonsky District (Russian: Оймяко́нский улу́с; Yakut: Өймөкөөн улууһа, Öymököön uluuha, [øjmøkøːn uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Ust-Maysky District in the southwest, Tomponsky District in the west, Momsky District in the north, Susumansky District of Magadan Oblast in the east, and with Okhotsky District of Khabarovsk Krai in the south. The area of the district is 92,300 square kilometers (35,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Ust-Nera. Population: 10,109 (2010 Census); 14,670 (2002 Census); 31,078 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ust-Nera accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.
No Heroes Allowed!
No Heroes Allowed!, released as What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? 3D in Japan, is a real-time strategy video game developed by Japan Studio and Acquire and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. It is the sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? and What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? 2. Like its predecessors, The game centers on creating mazes and monsters to help defend a demon lord from heroes seeking to capture him. It was released in Japan in March 2010 and North America in November 2010 on PlayStation Network. It was the first installment in the series to not be released by NIS America overseas. It was released on PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 through PlayStation Plus Premium on July 19, 2022.

Japan Studio
Japan Studio was a Japanese video game developer of Sony Interactive Entertainment based in Tokyo. It was best known for the Ape Escape, LocoRoco, Patapon, Gravity Rush, and Knack series, Ico, Shadow of the Colossus and Astro's Playroom. In April 2021, Japan Studio was reorganized and merged with Team Asobi and other SIE studios.
Martin Creek Falls
Martin Creek Falls is a series of waterfalls located in Rabun County, Georgia, with the largest drop being about 30 feet.  They are located on the Bartram Trail which is a National Recreational Trail in Georgia.  The falls are east of Clayton, Georgia and can be accessed by taking the Bartram Trail where it crosses Warwoman Road.  The trail passes Becky Branch Falls at 200 yards and then continues on for a difficult 1.8 miles to Martin Creek Falls.  Martin Creek Falls are in the Chattooga River Ranger District of the Chattahoochee National Forest.

Rabun County, Georgia
Rabun County (/ˈreɪbən/) is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,883, up from 16,276 in 2010. The county seat is Clayton. With an average annual rainfall of over 70 inches (1,800 mm), Rabun County has the title of the rainiest county in Georgia and is one of the rainiest counties east of the Cascades. The year 2018 was the wettest on record in the county's history. The National Weather Service cooperative observation station in northwest Rabun's Germany Valley measured 116.48 inches of rain during the year. During 2020, the Germany Valley NWS station reported a yearly precipitation total of 100.19 inches.
Mud darter
The mud darter (Etheostoma asprigene) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the lowlands of the Mississippi River basin from Wisconsin and Minnesota south to Louisiana and East Texas. It is also found in the drainages of the Sabine and Neches Rivers of Texas and Louisiana.  It can be found in slow-moving waters on riffles in rivers, as well as in creeks, swamps, lakes, and reservoirs.  It mostly consumes the larvae of midges and blackflies.  This species can reach a length of 7.1 cm (2.8 in), though most only reach a length of 5 cm (2.0 in).

Sander (fish)
Sander (formerly known as Stizostedion) is a genus of predatory ray-finned fish in the family Percidae, which also includes the perches, ruffes, and darters. They are also known as "pike-perch" because of their resemblance to fish in the unrelated Esocidae (pike) family. They are the only genus in the monotypic tribe Luciopercini, which is one of two tribes in the subfamily Luciopercinae.

The earliest known fossils of this genus are partial jaw and vertebrae elements from the middle Miocene (Barstovian)-aged Wood Mountain Formation of Saskatchewan, Canada.
1835 Naval Air Squadron
1835 Naval Air Squadron (1835 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was established as a fighter squadron in the United States at HMS Saker II, RNAS Quonset Point in August 1943. Rather than returning to the United Kingdom to join the 47th Naval Fighter Wing, the squadron was disbanded in November 1943, at RN Air Section Brunswick, Maine. The squadron was reconstituted at Brunswick in December 1944. It transferred to Northern Ireland and arrived at RNAS Eglinton (HMS Gannet) in April 1945. The squadron was designated for the 17th Carrier Air Group of the British Pacific Fleet; however, the conclusion of the Second World War prevented this deployment. The squadron was ultimately disbanded at RNAS Nutts Corner (HMS Pintail) in September 1945. It reformed as a Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Air Branch fighter squadron, in the Southern Air Division, from 1953 and disbanded in 1957.

HMS Premier
The first USS Estero (CVE-42) (previously AVG-42 then later ACV-42) was an escort aircraft carrier launched 22 March 1943 by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation, Seattle, Washington, and sponsored by Mrs. C. N. Ingraham.  She was reclassified CVE-42 on 15 July 1943.  Completed in October 1943, she was transferred to the Royal Navy on 3 November 1943 and commissioned the same day as HMS Premier.

She served in World War II as an ASW escort carrier in European waters and additionally as a ferry carrier.  She was returned to United States custody 2 April 1946, she was stricken on 21 May 1946 and was sold into merchant service as the Rhodesia Star (later renamed Hong Kong Knight) in 1947.  She was scrapped in Taiwan in 1974.
Mannheim Kurpfalzbrücke–Edingen–Heidelberg railway
The Mannheim Kurpfalzbrücke–Heidelberg railway is a metre-gauge railway between central Mannheim and Heidelberg-Bergheim. It was built by the former Oberrheinischen Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft AG (Upper Rhine Railway Company, OEG), later MVV OEG AG and is now operated by MVV Verkehr GmbH (infrastructure owner) and RNV (operations manager and train operator) according to Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebsordnung für Schmalspurbahnen (narrow-gauge railway regulations; ESBO). The route connects the Mannheim tram network with the Heidelberg tram network. However, the line is still owned by MVV Verkehr AG (the City of Mannheim's transport utility) as the successor to the OEG. It is operated as a branch line using electronic direct traffic control.

Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr
Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr GmbH (RNV, Rhine-Neckar Transport Ltd) is a company operating public transport (specifically bus and tram services) in the Rhine-Neckar region of Germany,  including the cities of Heidelberg, Mannheim and Ludwigshafen am Rhein.
Eric L. Levinson
Eric L. Levinson is an American jurist, lawyer, and diplomat. He served on the North Carolina Court of Appeals and the  North Carolina Superior Court. He also was the Justice Attache to the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad.

Levinson was a North Carolina prosecutor and an N.C. District and Family Court Judge before his election to the North Carolina Court of Appeals in 2002. In 2007, Levinson resigned from the Court of Appeals, accepting a Bush administration appointment as the Justice Attache to the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq with the United States Department of Justice. In 2009, North Carolina Governor. Beverly Perdue appointed Levinson to the North Carolina Superior Court.

In 2006 and 2014, he unsuccessfully sought a seat on the Supreme Court of North Carolina.

North Carolina Court of Appeals
The North Carolina Court of Appeals (in case citation, N.C. Ct. App.) is the only intermediate appellate court in the state of North Carolina. It is composed of fifteen members who sit in rotating panels of three. The Court of Appeals was created by the North Carolina General Assembly in 1967 after voters approved a constitutional amendment in 1965 which "authorized the creation of an intermediate court of appeals to relieve pressure on the North Carolina Supreme Court."

Judges serve eight-year terms and are elected in statewide elections. The General Assembly made Court of Appeals elections non-partisan starting with the 2004 elections, but later made them partisan again after the 2016 elections.
Žilinskas
Žilinskas is a Lithuanian-language surname, most probably derived from Žilys. Its Slavic counterparts are Polish Żyliński, Russian Zhilinsky (Жилинский), and Belarusian Žylinski (Жылінскі).

Notable people with this surname include:

Jonas Žilinskas (1888–1956), Lithuanian military officer

Egidijus Žilinskas (born 1986), Lithuanian judoka

Andrius Oleka-Žilinskas (1893–1948), Lithuanian actor, former director of Kaunas State Drama Theatre

Annette Zilinskas (born 1962), American musician

Jurga Žilinskienė MBE, (born 1976), British Lithuanian entrepreneur

Nelė Žilinskienė (born 1969), Lithuanian high jumper

Rokas Žilinskas (1972–2017), Lithuanian journalist and politician

Victoria Zhilinskayte (born 1989), Russian handball player

Vytautė Žilinskaitė (born 1930), Lithuanian writer

Yana Zhilinskayte (born 1989), Russian handball player

Vytautė Žilinskaitė
Vytautė Genovaitė Žilinskaitė (13 December 1930 – 4 April 2024) was a Lithuanian prose writer, humorist and children's literature writer. She was born in Kaunas. She died on 4 April 2024, at the age of 93.
Craddock Crags
Craddock Crags (80°16′S 82°8′W﻿ / ﻿80.267°S 82.133°W﻿ / -80.267; -82.133) are steep, rugged rock summits that rise to about 1,450 metres (4,760 ft) just east of Beitzel Peak in the Marble Hills, Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (2004) after John P. Craddock, a geologist who was a member of a United States Antarctic Research Program 1979–80 Ellsworth Mountains expedition.

United States Antarctic Program
The United States Antarctic Program (or USAP; formerly known as the United States Antarctic Research Program or USARP and the United States Antarctic Service or USAS) is an organization of the United States government which has a presence in the Antarctica continent. Founded in 1959, the USAP manages all U.S. scientific research and related logistics in Antarctica as well as aboard ships in the Southern Ocean.
Lollu Sabha Seshu
Lakshmi Narayanan Seshu (c. 1963 – 26 March 2024), also popularly known by his stage name Lollu Sabha Seshu, was an Indian actor and comedian who appeared in Tamil cinema. He started his career with the television show Lollu Sabha alongside other comedians, including Santhanam.

Vadakkupatti Ramasamy
Vadakkupatti Ramasamy is a 2024 Indian Tamil-language historical comedy film written and directed by Karthik Yogi and stars  Santhanam and Megha Akash. The film was released on 2 February 2024 to mixed reviews from critics.
Sapulpa and Oil Field Railroad
The Sapulpa and Oil Field Railroad (S&OF) was a shortline railway which was constructed by 1915 or 1916 from the oil boomtown of Depew, Oklahoma to the newer boomtown of Shamrock, Oklahoma, about 9 miles.  Despite the name, the line never came close to the city of Sapulpa, Oklahoma, which was far to the northeast.

Depew already had rail service from the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (Frisco).  But when the S&OF bypassed Shamrock by three-quarters of a mile, the arrival of that railroad was important enough that the townspeople of Shamrock relocated their establishments to the southeast to be closer to the tracks.  The railway carried both passengers and freight traffic related to development of the Shamrock oil field.

The Frisco acquired the railroad and began operating it effective July 1, 1917.  Shamrock began declining in the mid-1920's when oil production shifted to other areas, and the site is now considered a ghost town.  The rail line was abandoned in October 1957.

Sapulpa, Oklahoma
Sapulpa is a city in and the county seat of Creek County, extending partly into Tulsa County, in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 21,929 at the time of the 2020 census, compared with 20,544 at the 2010 census.
Peruvian literature
The term Peruvian literature not only refers to literature produced in the independent Republic of Peru, but also to literature produced in the Viceroyalty of Peru during the country's colonial period, and to oral artistic forms created by diverse ethnic groups that existed in the area during the prehispanic period, such as the Quechua, the Aymara and the Chanka South American native groups.

Carlos Germán Belli
Carlos Germán Belli de La Torre (15 September 1927 – 10 August 2024) was a Peruvian poet of Italian parentage. He also translated American, French, Italian, and Brazilian poetry into Spanish. Belli won the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award in 2006, which was granted by Chile's National Council of Culture and the Arts. Belli was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2007. He died on 10 August 2024, at the age of 96.
Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Chicago
The following Swaminarayan temples are located in the area of Chicago, Illinois:

Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Chicago (Itasca), in Itasca, Illinois

Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Chicago (Wheeling), in Wheeling, Illinois

Itasca, Illinois
Itasca (/aɪˈtæskə/) is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 Census, the population was 9,543. Located approximately 25 miles northwest of downtown Chicago, Itasca is close to O'Hare International Airport, major expressways and rail transportation. Itasca is home to a country club, a resort and shares a border with Medinah's legendary golf course. In 2018, BusinessWeek rated Itasca as the Best Affordable Suburb in the state of Illinois.
De Queen High School
De Queen High School (or DeQueen High School) is a comprehensive public high school in De Queen, Arkansas, United States that serves grades 10 through 12. It is one of two public high schools (the other at Horatio, AR) in Sevier County and is managed by the De Queen School District.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
Kepler-298d
Kepler-298d is an exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the orange dwarf star Kepler-298, located 1545 light years (473.69 parsecs) away from Earth. It was discovered in 2014 via the transit method. The planet was originally considered to be potentially habitable,  but further research places its atmosphere at +2.11 on the HZA scale, meaning it may be an ocean planet with a thick gas atmosphere like a gas dwarf.

Methods of detecting exoplanets
Methods of detecting exoplanets usually rely on indirect strategies – that is, they do not directly image the planet but deduce its existence from another signal. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it. In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the glare from the parent star washes it out. For those reasons, very few of the exoplanets reported as of June 2025 have been detected directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.