hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands
Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands (Constantijn Christof Frederik Aschwin; born 11 October 1969) is the third and youngest son of the former Dutch queen, Beatrix, and her husband, Claus von Amsberg, and is the younger brother of the reigning Dutch king, Willem-Alexander. He is a member of the Dutch Royal House and currently fourth in the line of succession to the Dutch throne behind his nieces.

Succession to the Dutch throne
Since 1983, the crown of the Netherlands passes according to absolute primogeniture. From 1814 until 1887, a monarch could only be succeeded by their closest female relative if there were no eligible male relatives. Male-preference cognatic primogeniture was adopted in 1887, though abolished when absolute primogeniture was introduced in 1983. Proximity of blood has been taken into consideration since 1922, when the constitution was changed to limit the line of succession to three degrees of kinship from the current monarch. In a situation where the monarch is succeeded by an eligible aunt or uncle, persons previously excluded could be reintroduced into the line of succession.

In October 2021, in a letter to parliament Prime Minister Mark Rutte stated that the monarch and the heir to the throne could marry a person of the same sex without being forced to abdicate or give up their place in the line of succession.
H. A. L. Fisher
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher OM PC FRS FBA (21 March 1865 – 18 April 1940) was an English historian, educator, and Liberal politician. He served as President of the Board of Education in David Lloyd George's 1916 to 1922 coalition government.

Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.

A number of organizations around the world celebrate the principle on May 15 as International Conscientious Objection Day.

On March 8, 1995, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that "persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service". This was re-affirmed on April 22, 1998, when resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons [already] performing military service may develop conscientious objections".
Ramna Stacks
The Ramna Stacks are a group of skerries in the Shetland islands. They are north of the northern tip of Mainland, and along with nearby Gruney they are a special protection area on account of their birdlife.

From north to south they consist of:

Gaut Skerries

Outer Stack

Scordar

Turla

Speolk

Hyter (formerly Driter)

Stab

Ofoora

Fladda (which has a natural arch and two caves)

Flae-ass

Barlcudda

Gruney and the islet of The Club lie just to the south of the Ramna Stacks.

The Ramna Stacks also lent their name to Welsh nu-jazz band, ramnastax.

Skerry
A skerry (/ˈskɛri/ SKERR-ee) is a small rocky island, or islet, usually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef. A skerry can also be called a low sea stack.

Skerries may have vegetative life such as moss and small, hardy grasses. They are often used as resting places by animals such as seals and birds.
Congress of Hanover
The Congress of Hanover took place in the Electorate of Hanover in 1752. It was convened by the British government who wished to agree a schedule for the election of the next Holy Roman Emperor. All of the eight voting German prince-electors were invited to attend, as was a representative of France. The Congress lasted, intermittently, from June until October 1752.

Imperial election
The election of a Holy Roman Emperor was generally a two-stage process whereby the King of the Romans was elected by a small body of the greatest princes of the realm, the prince-electors. This was then followed shortly thereafter by his coronation as king, originally at Aachen and later at Frankfurt. The king was then expected to march to Rome, to be crowned Emperor by the pope. In 1356, the Emperor Charles IV promulgated the Golden Bull, which became the fundamental law by which all future kings and emperors were elected. After 1508, rulers usually were recognized as "Emperor elect" after their first, royal coronation.
Center for the Arts Eagle Rock
Center for the Arts Eagle Rock, formerly known as the Eagle Rock Branch Library and the Eagle Rock Community Cultural Center, is a historic Mission Revival and Spanish Colonial Revival style building in Eagle Rock, in north-central Los Angeles County, California.

Mission Revival architecture
The Mission Revival style was part of an architectural movement, beginning in the late 19th century, for the revival and reinterpretation of American colonial styles. Mission Revival drew inspiration from the late 18th and early 19th century Spanish missions in California. It is sometimes termed California Mission Revival, particularly when used elsewhere, such as in New Mexico and Texas which have their own unique regional architectural styles. In Australia, the style is known as Spanish Mission.

The Mission Revival movement was most popular between 1890 and 1915, in numerous residential, commercial and institutional structures, particularly schools and railroad depots.
John McHugh (Irish politician)
John McHugh (fl. 1898–1945) was an Irish nationalist politician.

McHugh worked as a farmer.  In 1898, he was elected to Fermanagh County Council, serving until 1922.  By the end of this period, he was the Chairman of the council.  He was elected for the Nationalist Party in Fermanagh and Tyrone at the 1925 Northern Ireland general election, taking his seat in November 1927, but standing down at the 1929 general election.  That same year, he was elected to the Senate of Northern Ireland and served until 1945.

Fermanagh County Council
Fermanagh County Council was the authority responsible for local government in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, between 1899 and 1973. It was originally based at the Enniskillen Courthouse, but moved to County Buildings in East Bridge Street, Enniskillen, in 1960.
Thompson Nunataks
Thompson Nunataks (79°27′S 85°49′W﻿ / ﻿79.450°S 85.817°W﻿ / -79.450; -85.817) are three evenly spaced nunataks which lie 4 nautical miles (7 km) south of Navigator Peak and surmount the central part of White Escarpment in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Russel W. Thompson, United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) meteorologist at Wilkes Station, 1963.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Thompson Nunataks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Navigator Peak
Navigator Peak (79°23′S 85°48′W﻿ / ﻿79.383°S 85.800°W﻿ / -79.383; -85.800) is a sharp and prominent peak, 1,910 m, standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) east of Zavis Peak in the north part of the White Escarpment, Heritage Range, in Antarctica. It was named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party to these mountains in 1963–64 because the peak served as a landmark to navigators and pilots returning to camp from flights in the southern part of the Heritage Range.
The Compass Rose
The Compass Rose is a 1982 collection of short stories by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin, and illustrated by Anne Yvonne Gilbert in 1983. It is organized into sections on the theme of directions, though not strictly compass-related as the title implies.

It won the Locus Award for best Single Author Collection in 1983.

Yvonne Gilbert
Anne Yvonne Gilbert (born 1950 or 1951) is a British artist and book illustrator. Her cover design of Frankie Goes To Hollywood's 1983 single "Relax" has been described as "one of the most famous record sleeves of all time". While much of her career since then has focused on illustrating the covers and interiors of popular books, Gilbert has also designed series of stamps produced by the Royal Mail depicting Christmas themes and Arthurian mythology. She illustrated several of the books in the Ologies series, among other children's books.
Iterative Viterbi decoding
Iterative Viterbi decoding is an algorithm that spots the subsequence S of an observation O = {o1, ..., on} having the highest average probability (i.e., probability scaled by the length of S) of being generated by a given hidden Markov model M with m states.  The algorithm uses a modified Viterbi algorithm as an internal step.

The scaled probability measure was first proposed by John S. Bridle. An early algorithm to solve this problem, sliding window, was proposed by Jay G. Wilpon et al., 1989, with constant cost T = mn2/2.

A faster algorithm consists of an iteration of calls to the Viterbi algorithm, reestimating a filler score until convergence.

Probability measure
In mathematics, a probability measure is a real-valued function defined on a set of events in a σ-algebra that satisfies measure properties such as countable additivity.  The difference between a probability measure and the more general notion of measure (which includes concepts like area or volume) is that a probability measure must assign value 1 to the entire space.

Intuitively, the additivity property says that the probability assigned to the union of two disjoint (mutually exclusive) events by the measure should be the sum of the probabilities of the events; for example, the value assigned to the outcome "1 or 2" in a throw of a die should be the sum of the values assigned to the outcomes "1" and "2".

Probability measures have applications in diverse fields, from physics to finance and biology.
2014 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 2014 Iowa gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014. Republican incumbent Terry Branstad ran for reelection to a sixth overall and second consecutive four-year term. Branstad went on to win a historic sixth term as governor by defeating Democratic challenger and State Senator Jack Hatch, and on December 14, 2015, he became the longest-serving governor in American history. He won 59.1% of the popular vote to Hatch's 37.3%, and carried every county in the state except Johnson, home to Iowa City and the University of Iowa. This was one of the nine Republican-held governorships up for election in a state that Barack Obama won in the 2012 presidential election.

Bob Krause (politician)
Robert A. Krause (born January 15, 1950) is an American politician and perennial candidate. He served in the Iowa General Assembly from 1973 until 1979. He has also served as Regional Representative for the US Secretary of Transportation during the Carter Administration, and on the Waterloo, Iowa school board.
Wittenheim
Wittenheim (French pronunciation: [vitənaim] ⓘ; in Alsatian Wìttana, Alemannic German pronunciation: [ˈvɪd̥ana]) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department, Grand Est, northeastern France. It is one of the northern suburbs of the city of Mulhouse, and forms part of the Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération, the inter-communal local government body for the Mulhouse conurbation. The commune contains two mining villages, the Cité Jeune-Bois and the Cité Sainte-Barbe.

Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération
The Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération is the Communauté d'agglomération, a type of local government structure, covering the metropolitan area of the city of Mulhouse in the department of Haut-Rhin and the region of Grand Est, northeastern France. Its area is 439.2 km2. Its population was 274,066 in 2018, of which 108,942 in Mulhouse proper. The current president of the agglomeration community is Fabian Jordan, elected January 2017.
Alicja Pawlak
Alicja Pawlak (born 13 October 1983) is a Polish football referee and former player who played as a defender. She has played the Champions League with AZS Wrocław, where she played for a decade, and Unia.

She was a member of the Poland national team from 2005 to 2012.

KŚ AZS Wrocław
KŚ AZS Wrocław was a women's football team based in Wrocław, Poland. The football team was officially a part of the Wrocław University of Science and Technology's sporting section, called AZS-AWF Wrocław (founded in 1976). The ladies football club section of AZS-AWF Wrocław was founded in 1997 and quickly became a dominant force in women's football in Poland. During their 23 years as a club they won the Polish Championship eight times, with all eight titles being won consecutively from 2001–2008. They also finished second twice and finished third four times. As a club, they didn't finish outside of the top three between 2000–2011. AZS Wrocław have also had success in the Polish Cup, winning the competition four times.

On 13 May 2020, it was announced that AZS Wrocław had reached an agreement with Śląsk Wrocław for Śląsk's team to take AZS' place in the Ekstraliga.
Luigi Paleari
Luigi Paleari (8 November 1941 – 2 August 2021) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a defender for Falck Arcore, Fanfulla and Como. For Como he made 264 appearances between 1965 and 1973, ranking him in eighth place on the club's all-time list.

ASD Fanfulla
Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Fanfulla is an Italian association football club located in Lodi, Lombardy. The club name comes from Bartolomeo Fanfulla from Lodi, one of 13 Italian knights who defeated the French in the challenge of Barletta in 1503. For this reason the Lodi team is also called Guerriero (warrior in Italian) by its supporters.

In 1974 the club was awarded the Gold Star for sports merits.

Fanfulla, one of the oldest football and sports clubs in Italy, was founded on 18 October 1874 as a multisports club under the denomination Società Lodigiana di Ginnastica e Scherma (Lodi club of gymnastics and fencing), and its football department was founded in 1908. Fanfulla played 13 Serie B leagues during the 1940s and the 1950s, and now plays in fifth-tier Eccellenza. Its colors are black and white.
Frank Caputo
Frank Caputo is a Canadian politician from British Columbia. He was elected to represent the riding of Kamloops—Thompson—Cariboo in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2021 Canadian federal election. He is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada and succeeded a retiring MP from the same party, Cathy McLeod.

He was elected vice chair of the Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security in the 45th Canadian Parliament in 2025.

Prior to being elected, Caputo was a Crown prosecutor and instructor at Thompson Rivers University.

45th Canadian Parliament
The 45th Canadian Parliament is the current legislative session of the Parliament of Canada, which began on May 26, 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons having been determined by the results of the 2025 federal election held on April 28.
Ó Meachair
Ó Meachair or O'Meachair (anglicised as Mahar, Maher, Mahir, Marr, Meagar, Meagher, Meaher, O'Maher and O'Meagher) is a Gaelic Irish surname. Ó Meachair literally means grandson/descendant of ('O' prefix) the kind, generous or hospitable (Meachair). By the Irish name convention, this becomes "descendant of a kind, hospitable chief (clan leader)". The Ó Meachair sept was part of the Ely O'Carroll clan and was concentrated in the areas of Kilkenny and Tipperary, notably the Barony of Ikerrin in Ireland.

According to historian C. Thomas Cairney, the O'Mahers were one of the chiefly families of the Éile tribe who in turn came from the Dumnonii or Laigin who were the third wave of Celts to settle in Ireland during the first century BC.

Ikerrin
Ikerrin (Irish: Uí Chairín) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Roscrea. The barony lies between Eliogarty to the south (whose chief town is Thurles) and Ormond Upper to the west (whose chief town is Toomevara). As a "peninsula", it is surrounded on three sides by counties Offaly and Laois. The territory is currently administered by Tipperary County Council.
John McKenzie (American football)
John McKenzie (born c. 1963) is an American former football player and coach.  He is the head football coach at Paul W. Bryant High School in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, a position he has held since 2023.  He served as the head football coach at Delaware State University from 1997 to 1999, compiling a record of 7–26.  A native of Miami, Florida, McKenzie played college football as a quarterback at Jackson State University.

Paul W. Bryant High School
Paul W. Bryant High School serves grades 9 through 12 and is located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, forming part of the Tuscaloosa City Schools. The school is named after former Alabama Crimson Tide football head coach Paul William "Bear" Bryant. The school competes as part of the Alabama High School Athletic Association in Region 4 of the 6A division.
Kanfanar
Kanfanar (Italian: Canfanaro) is a settlement and a municipality in Istria, Croatia.

Kanfanar lies at the interchange of the Istrian Y motorway A8 and A9, as well as on the Divača – Pula-Pola railway, and was formerly the junction of a branchline to Rovinj-Rovigno. In the 18th century, Kanfanar became a municipal center, and it is known for sacred monuments such as the church of St. Silvester from the 13th century, the church of St. Mary of Lakuć from the 14th century and the church of St. Agate from the 10th century.

Divača
Divača (pronounced [diˈʋaːtʃa]; Italian: Divaccia) is a large nucleated village in the Littoral region of Slovenia, near the Italian border. It is the seat of the Municipality of Divača and a railway hub.
Atul Garg
Atul Garg (born 26 August 1957; Hindi pronunciation: [ət̪ʊl gəɾg]) is an Indian politician from Ghaziabad who is currently serving as Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha. He was a Minister of State in the Government of Uttar Pradesh. He was a Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, representing the Ghaziabad Assembly constituency.

Government of Uttar Pradesh
The Government of Uttar Pradesh (ISO: Uttara Pradēśa Sarakāra; often abbreviated as GoUP) is the subnational government of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with the governor as its appointed constitutional head of the state by the President of India. The Governor of Uttar Pradesh is appointed for a period of five years and appoints the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and their council of ministers, who are vested with the executive powers of the state. The governor remains a ceremonial head of the state, while the chief minister and their council are responsible for day-to-day government functions.

The state of Uttar Pradesh's influence on Indian politics is important, and often paramount and/or a bellwether, as it sends the most members of parliament to both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, the state's population being more than 200 million; approximately double that of the next-most populous state.
Dhanda
Dhanda is a surname. Notable people with surname include:

[ Dhanda Nyoliwala A.K.A Parveen Dhanda], Haryanavi Singer, Rapper and Writer known for his tracks like Russian Bandana, Knife Brows and Up To You.

Amarjeet Dhanda, Indian politician elected to the Haryana Legislative Assembly in 2019

Amita Dhanda, Indian law professor and feminist

Kamlesh Dhanda, Indian politician elected to the Haryana Legislative Assembly in 2019

Mahipal Dhanda (born 1974), Indian politician

Meena Dhanda, Indian philosopher

Parmjit Dhanda (born 1971), British politician

Pooja Dhanda (born 1994), Indian wrestler

Prem Chandra Dhanda (1911–2013), Indian physician

Yan Dhanda (born 1998), English footballer

Prem Chandra Dhanda
Prem Chandra Dhanda (28 May 1911 – 28 February 2013) was an Indian physician and a medical academic. He was the principal of the Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi and the director of G. B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1962, for his contributions to medicine.
John Tillman (triple jumper)
John Tillman (born February 11, 1965) is an American athlete. He competed in the men's triple jump at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Tillman attended Parkwood High School in Monroe, North Carolina, where he was the 1983 NCHSAA state champion in the triple jump. He then attended the University of Tennessee, where he was a six-time All-American.

Monroe, North Carolina
Monroe is a city in and the county seat of Union County, North Carolina, United States. The population increased from 32,797 in 2010 to 34,551 in 2020, and the 28th most populous city in North Carolina. It is within the rapidly growing Charlotte metropolitan area. Monroe has a council-manager form of government.
Ghorbani
Ghorbani (Persian: قربانی) is an Iranian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Ghorbani (footballer, born 1979), Iranian footballer

Ali Ghorbani (footballer, born 1990), Iranian footballer

Mehdi Ghorbani (born 1988), Iranian boxer

Pirouz Ghorbani (born 1978), Iranian footballer

Alireza Ghorbani (born 1972), Iranian traditional vocalist

Babak Ghorbani (1989–2014), Iranian wrestler

Mohammad Ghorbani (wrestler) (born 1943), retired Iranian flyweight freestyle wrestler

Omid Ghorbani (born 1993), Iranian footballer

Shireen Ghorbani, American politician from Utah

Ali Ghorbani (disambiguation)

Ali Mohammad Ghorbani, Iranian reformist

Mahmoud Ghorbani

Mousa Ghorbani

Shireen Ghorbani
Shireen Ghorbani (Persian: شیرین قربانی; born June 7, 1981) is an American politician from Utah. She was an at-large member of the Salt Lake County Council, representing 1.1 million residents. She was selected to fill the vacancy created when Jenny Wilson became Salt Lake County Mayor. She was not re-elected during the 2020 election, losing the seat by 1,196 votes to Republican opponent Laurie Stringham. Stringham replaced Ghorbani on the council in January 2021. Ghorbani also ran unsuccessfully to represent Utah 2nd congressional district in 2018 against Chris Stewart.
2011 Quebec Men's Provincial Curling Championship
The 2011 Quebec Men's Provincial Curling Championship (also known as the Quebec Tankard) was held January 30-February 6 at the Centre sportif de Buckingham in Buckingham, Quebec.  The winning team of François Gagné represented Quebec at the 2011 Tim Hortons Brier in London, Ontario.

Buckingham, Quebec
Buckingham is a former town located in the Outaouais region in the western portion of the province of Quebec, Canada. Since January 1, 2002, it has been part of the amalgamated city of Gatineau, which merged five former municipalities, including Masson-Angers, Buckingham, Hull, Aylmer and Gatineau, into a single entity. According to the 2021 Census, the population of the sector was 12,795.
Émile Peynaud
Émile Peynaud (29 June 1912 – 18 July 2004) was a French oenologist and researcher who has been credited with revolutionizing winemaking in the latter half of the 20th century, and has been called "the forefather of modern oenology".

Oenology
Oenology (also enology; /iːˈnɒlədʒi/ ee-NOL-o-jee) is the science and study of wine and winemaking. Oenology is distinct from viticulture, which is the science of the growing, cultivation, and harvesting of grapes. The English word oenology derives from the Greek word oinos (οἶνος) "wine" and the suffix –logia (-λογία) the "study of". An oenologist is an expert in the science of wine and of the arts and techniques for making wine.