hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2021 Penza Oblast gubernatorial election
The 2021 Penza Oblast gubernatorial election took place on 17–19 September 2021, on common election day, coinciding with election to the State Duma. Acting Governor Oleg Melnichenko was elected for his first term.

Penza
Penza (Russian: Пенза, IPA: [ˈpʲenzə]) is the largest city and administrative center of Penza Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Sura River, 625 kilometers (388 mi) southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, Penza had a population of 517,311, making it the 36th-largest city in Russia.
Song Ho-young
Song Ho-young (born April 20, 1954) is a South Korean radiologist. He studied at the Chonbuk National University (March 1973 – February 1975) and now works at the Asan Medical Center. He is the founder of the Society of Gastrointestinal Intervention (SGI).

Asan Medical Center
Asan Medical Center (AMC) (서울아산병원) is a reference hospital and the teaching hospital of the University of Ulsan College of Medicine, located in Seoul, South Korea. With 2,432 beds for patients and a total floor area of approximately 280,000 square meters (85,000 Pyeong), it is the largest hospital in South Korea.

Asan Medical Center is the parent hospital of the eight hospitals under the ASAN foundation.
Hülya Esen
Hülya Esen, Хюлия Велиева (born 7 August 1989) is a Turkish born professional tennis player. Esen won six ITF doubles titles and reached career-high WTA rankings of 504 in singles (on 9 July 2012) and No. 406 in doubles (on 11 November 2013). She was the number-one-player in the Bulgarian women's tennis rankings for seven consecutive years.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Christianity in Kyrgyzstan
Christianity has a long history in Kyrgyzstan, with the earliest archaeological remains of churches belonging to the Church of the East in modern-day Suyab dating back to the 7th century. By the 9th century an archdiocese of the Church of the East cared for the Christians of Kyrgyzstan and adjacent areas in eastern Turkestan. Although primarily Turkic there was also an Armenian community in what today is Kyrgyzstan by the 14th century. By the 15th century, however, there were no longer ecclesiastical structures of any church caring for what is today Kyrgyzstan and Islam gained the ascendancy amongst the Kyrgyz people.

Kyrgyz people
The Kyrgyz people are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia. They primarily reside in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, China, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. A Kyrgyz diaspora is also found in Russia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. They speak the Kyrgyz language, which is the official language of Kyrgyzstan.

The earliest people known as "Kyrgyz" were the descendants of several Central Asian tribes, first emerging in western Mongolia around 201 BC. Modern Kyrgyz people are descended in part from the Yenisei Kyrgyz that lived in the Yenisey river valley in Siberia. The Kyrgyz people were constituents of the Tiele people, the Göktürks, and the Uyghur Khaganate before establishing the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate in the 9th century, and later a Kyrgyz khanate in the 15th century.
Maurice de Mel
Colonel Maurice Ann Gerard de Mel is a Ceylonese army officer. He served as Chief of Staff of the Ceylon Army and Commandant of the Ceylon Volunteer Force. He was one of the principals accused of the 1962 Ceylonese coup d'état attempt.

Sri Lanka Artillery
The Sri Lanka Artillery (SLA) is the artillery arm of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of ten regular regiments and two volunteer regiments. The SLA is headquartered at Panagoda Cantonment, Panagoda.

The emblem of the SLA is modeled after that used by the Royal Artillery, but with the lion from both the flag and emblem instead of the crown, with the lion depicted holding the Kastane sabre.

Unlike other artillery units in the Commonwealth the SLA is entitled to a strand of Colours.
Margaret Storkan
Margaret Ann Storkan (September 1, 1919 – December 3, 2000) was an American dermatologist who was clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Southern California. She was particularly known for her work on the sailings of the hospital ship SS Hope to the developing world and for her leprosy clinic in California.

She graduated in medicine from Creighton University School of Medicine in 1944, before working her way to professorship and a busy dermatology clinic at Redondo Beach. In addition, she was a co-founder of The History of Dermatology Society, the first woman vice-president of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), and the second woman to be elected to the AAD board of directors.

Redondo Beach, California
Redondo Beach (Redondo, Spanish for 'round') is a coastal city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located in the South Bay region of the Greater Los Angeles area. It is one of three adjacent beach cities along the southern portion of Santa Monica Bay. The population was 71,576 at the 2020 census, up from 66,748 in 2010.

Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1784 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that later became the South Redondo area. The primary attractions include Municipal Pier and the sandy beach, popular with tourists and a variety of sports enthusiasts. The Southern terminus of the Metro Rail K Line (formerly the Western Terminus of the Metro Rail C Line) is in North Redondo Beach.
William Wright (cricketer, born 1909)
William John Wright (24 February 1909 – 12 August 1988) was an English cricketer who played for Derbyshire during the 1932 season.

Wright was born in Danesmoor, Clay Cross, Derbyshire. He made his debut for Derbyshire in the 1932 season against touring Indians in August, in which he scored 23 in his first innings. Wright's only other match for Derbyshire was three days later in a County Championship match against Northamptonshire. Wright, opening the batting, made 28, and Derbyshire won by an innings and 123 runs, thanks to eleven match wickets by Test cricketer Leslie Townsend.

Wright  was a right-handed batsman and played 3 innings in 2 first-class matches with an average of 19.33 and a top score of 28.

Wright died in Poole, Dorset.

Clay Cross
Clay Cross is a town and a civil parish in the North East Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England. It is a former industrial and mining town, about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Chesterfield. 
It is directly on the A61. Surrounding settlements include North Wingfield, Tupton, Pilsley and Ashover.
Gaià
Gaià (Catalan pronunciation: [gəˈja]) is a municipality in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 39.6 square kilometres (15.3 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 163.

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Mozg Armii
Mozg Armii (Russian: Мозг армии), in English The Brain of the Army, is a three-volume military theory book published between 1927 and 1929. It is the most important work of Boris Shaposhnikov, a Soviet military commander then in command of the Moscow military region. Mozg Armii gained a wide popularity throughout the Red Army, and Shaposhnikov himself was held in high regard by Joseph Stalin.

Total war
Total war is a type of warfare that mobilizes the totality of national resources to sustain war production, blurring the line between military and civilian activities and legitimate attacks on civilian targets as part of a war without restriction as to the combatants, territory or objectives involved.

The term has been defined as "A war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded."

In the mid-19th century, scholars identified  what  later became known as total war as a separate class of warfare. In a total war, the differentiation between combatants and non-combatants diminishes due to the capacity of opposing sides to consider nearly every human, including non-combatants, as resources that are used in the war effort.
Jhalki
Jhalki (transl. Glimpse) is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Brahmanand S. Singh and Tanvi Jain, written by Singh and Prakash Jha and produced by Singh (under Mobius Films), Anand Chavan (under OMG), Vinayak Gawande and Jayesh Parekh. The film is based on the life of Kailash Satyarthi, winner of the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize, and his efforts to fight child trafficking and child labour in India. It features Boman Irani as Satyarthi and Aarti Jha as the titular 9-year-old street girl Jhalki, setting out to find her 7-year-old brother amid child slavery. Tannishtha Chatterjee, Divya Dutta and Sanjay Suri star in supporting roles. The trailer of the film was released at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2019 and the film was released theatrically in India on 14 November 2019. It premiered at national and international film festivals and won various awards.

Street children in India
India has an estimated one hundred thousand or more street children in each of the following cities: New Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai.
Mainly because of family conflict, they come to live on the streets and take on the full responsibilities of caring for themselves, including working to provide for and protecting themselves. Though street children do sometimes band together for greater security, they are often exploited by employers and the police.

Their many vulnerabilities require specific legislation and attention from the government and other organisations to improve their condition.
Paul Rinne
Paul Rinne (6 July 1889 in Narva – 1946 Hoyerswerda) was an Estonian chess player.

He won the first Estonian Championship at Tallinn 1923. He twice took second place, behind Johannes Türn, at Tallinn 1925 (second Estonian championship), and behind Leho Laurine (Leo Laurentius) at Tallinn 1932 (fourth Estonian championship).

After the World War II, Rinne was held as a prisoner of war by the Soviets. He died of shigellosis in 1946, while in a prisoner camp in Hoyerswerda, East Germany. His death date remains unknown.

Estonian Chess Championship
The Estonian Chess Championship is played to determine the Estonian champion in chess.

The first unofficial championship in Estonia was held in 1903 and was organized by a chess club from Tallinn (then Reval, Russian Empire). After World War I, Estonia became independent. In 1923, the first official Estonian championship was held in Tallinn and has since been organized on an annual basis. In 1945, the first women's championship was held.
Horrible Histories
Horrible Histories is an educational entertainment franchise encompassing many media including books, magazines, audio books, stage shows, TV shows, and more.

In 2013, Lisa Edwards, UK publishing and commercial director of Scholastic Corporation, described Horrible Histories as one of the company's "crown jewels", and said it is at an "advanced stage of evolution". She added: "We have covered every possible era that has a commercial outcome...We're now in the era of the box set, annuals, newly presented editions and licensed products".

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Rostislav Mikhailovich
Rostislav Mikhailovich (Hungarian: Rosztyiszláv, Bulgarian and Ukrainian: Ростислав Михайлович) (after 1210 / c. 1225 – 1262) was a Rurikid prince and a dignitary in the Kingdom of Hungary.

He was prince of Novgorod (1230), of Halych (1236–1237, 1241–1242), of Lutsk (1240), and of Chernigov (1241–1242). When he could not strengthen his rule in Halych, he went to the court of King Béla IV of Hungary, and married the king's daughter, Anna.

He was the Ban of Slavonia (1247–1248), and later he became the first Duke of Macsó (after 1248–1262), and thus he governed the southern parts of the kingdom. In 1257, he occupied Vidin and thenceforward he styled himself Tsar of Bulgaria.

Lutsk
Lutsk (Ukrainian: Луцьк, IPA: [lutsʲk] ⓘ; see below for other names) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Volyn Oblast and the administrative center of Lutsk Raion within the oblast. Lutsk has a population of 220,986 (2022 estimate).

A city with almost a thousand years of history, recorded in 1085, Lutsk historically served as an administrative, cultural and religious center in Volhynia. The city contains several landmarks in various styles, including Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical, the most known being the medieval Lubart's Castle.
Mieko Kamiya
Mieko Kamiya (神谷 美恵子, Kamiya Mieko; January 12, 1914 – October 22, 1979) was a Japanese psychiatrist who treated leprosy patients at Nagashima Aiseien Sanatorium. She was known for translating books on philosophy. She worked as a medical doctor in the Department of Psychiatry at Tokyo University following World War II. She was said to have greatly helped the Ministry of Education and the General Headquarters, where the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers stayed, in her role as an English-speaking secretary, and served as an adviser to Empress Michiko. She wrote many books as a highly educated, multi-lingual person; one of her books, titled On the Meaning of Life (ikigai ni tsuite in Japanese), based on her experiences with leprosy patients, attracted many readers.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (文部科学省, Monbu-kagaku-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Letters and Science'; MEXT) is one of the eleven ministries of Japan that compose part of the executive branch of the government of Japan.
Joan Armatrading
Joan Anita Barbara Armatrading CBE (/ˈɑːrməˌtreɪdɪŋ/, born 9 December 1950) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist. Her first major commercial success came with her third and fourth albums, Joan Armatrading (1976) and  Show Some Emotion (1977), and she continues to play live and record studio albums. A three-time Grammy Award nominee, Armatrading has also been nominated twice for BRIT Awards as Best Female Artist. She received an Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contemporary Song Collection in 1996.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
1921 Buckingham and Carnatic Mills strike
The 1921 Buckingham and Carnatic Mills strike was a strike by the workers of Buckingham and Carnatic Mills in the city of Madras (now called Chennai), India, against the managing company, Binny and Co. The strike, which lasted from June to October 1921, caused severe losses to the Madras economy. It also created a rift in the ruling Justice Party forcing many Dalit leaders to leave.

Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram
Thiruvarur Viruttachala Kalyanasundaram (Thiruvarur Virudhachala Kalyanasundaram : 26 August 1883 – 17 September 1953), better known by his initials Thiru. Vi. Ka, was an Indian scholar, essayist and activist for the Tamil language. The analytical depth of his commentaries on classical Tamil literature and philosophy, and the clear, fluid style of his prose.  His works, along with those of V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, Maraimalai Adigal, and Arumuka Navalar, are considered to have defined the style of modern Tamil prose.
Pinkard
Pinkard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Henry Pinkard (1865–1934), American businessman, banker and spiritualist or quack doctor

Josh Pinkard (born 1986), American football player

Larry Pinkard (born 1992), American football player

Maceo Pinkard (1897–1962), American composer, lyricist and music publisher

Nichole Pinkard, American computer scientist

Ron Pinkard (born 1941), American actor

Terry Pinkard (born 1947), An American philosopher specializing in German philosophy.

Josh Pinkard
Josh Pinkard (born April 2, 1986) is an American former professional football cornerback. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent. He played high school football at Hueneme High School in Oxnard, California.
Visit to Oz
Visit to Oz is an EP by the San Diego, California punk rock band Unwritten Law, released in June 1999 by Interscope Records and Rapido Records. It was released only in Australia to coincide with the band's first headlining tour there and is currently out of print. It contains two songs from the band's 1998 album Unwritten Law and two demo tracks recorded in 1993, "Kill to Breathe" which would appear in its final form one year later on their 1994 debut Blue Room. The song "Driven", which had previously only appeared on the band's 1992 demo tape, is not available on any other release.

Blue Room (Unwritten Law album)
Blue Room is the debut album by American punk rock band Unwritten Law. It was released in 1994 by Red Eye Records. It was the band's first full-length album and established their presence in the prolific San Diego music scene of the early 1990s. The album attracted the attention of Epic Records, who re-released it a year after its original release.

The album's title is a reference to the single-room apartment that singer Scott Russo lived in during the band's early years and where most of the album was written (the room was painted entirely blue). The song title "C.P.K." stands for "Crazy Poway Kids" and is a reference to the band's hometown of Poway, California (a suburb of San Diego). "Blurred (Part 2)" is a reference to a song on the band's debut EP Blurr. The songs "Shallow" and "Suzanne" would be re-recorded for their second album Oz Factor.
Amol Haribhau Jawale
Amol Haribhau Jawale is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. He is a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Raver Assembly constituency as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

He is the son of BJP ex MP & MLA Haribhau Jawale.

2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election
The 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections were held on 20 November 2024 to elect all 288 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. The turnout for the election was 66.05%, the highest since 1995. The BJP-led Maha Yuti alliance won a landslide victory, winning 235 seats of the  288 seats in which the election was held. None of the parties in the Maha Vikas Aghadi alliance won the necessary number of seats to obtain the position of leader of opposition, a first in six decades.

Following the election, the BJP's leadership chose Devendra Fadnavis as their choice for chief minister on 4 December 2024. He took the oath as the chief minister for the third time on 5 December 2024.
Panjin–Yingkou high-speed railway
Panjin–Yingkou high-speed railway (Chinese: 盘营客运专线) is a high-speed rail line operated by China Railway High-speed in central Liaoning province, connecting the coastal cities of Panjin and Yingkou, with a total length of 89.422 km (55.564 mi) and start construction on May 31, 2009. The design speed is 350 km/h (220 mph). Total cost of this project is 127.86 million RMB. The line opened on September 12, 2013.

The minimum curvature of this line is 5,500 m (18,000 ft).

The line linked the existing Qinhuangdao–Shenyang passenger railway and Harbin–Dalian high-speed railway, shortening journeys between the Liaodong Peninsula and the south by avoiding Shenyang. It has one intermediate station, Panjin railway station.

Panjin
Panjin (Chinese: 盘锦; pinyin: Pánjǐn) is a coastal prefecture-level city in central Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, situated on the northern shore of the Liaodong Bay.  It borders Anshan to the east, Yingkou to the southeast, and Jinzhou to the west and north.  It is the smallest city in both Liaoning and the entire Northeast China with an administrative area of 3,825 square kilometres (1,477 sq mi), and Liaoning's least populous city with a population of 1,389,691 people as of the 2020 census, all in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 urban districts and Dawa and Panshan counties now largely being conurbated.
UWB ranging
Ultra-wideband impulse radio ranging (or UWB-IR ranging) is a wireless positioning technology based on IEEE 802.15.4z standard, which is a wireless communication protocol introduced by IEEE, for systems operating in unlicensed spectrum, equipped with extremely large bandwidth transceivers. UWB enables very accurate ranging (in the order of centimeters) without introducing significant interference with narrowband systems. To achieve these stringent requirements, UWB-IR systems exploit the available bandwidth (which exceeds 500 MHz for systems compliant to IEEE 802.15.4z protocol) that they support, which guarantees very accurate timing (and thus ranging) and robustness against multipath, especially in indoor environments. The available bandwidth also enables UWB systems to spread the signal power over a large spectrum (this technology is thus called spread spectrum), avoiding narrowband interference.

Interference (communication)
In telecommunications, an interference is that which modifies a signal in a disruptive manner, as it travels along a communication channel between its source and receiver. The term is often used to refer to the addition of unwanted signals to a useful signal. Common examples include:

Electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Co-channel interference (CCI), also known as crosstalk

Adjacent-channel interference (ACI)

Intersymbol interference (ISI)

Inter-carrier interference (ICI), caused by doppler shift in OFDM modulation (multitone modulation).

Common-mode interference (CMI)

Conducted interference

Noise is a form of interference but not all interference is noise.

Radio resource management aims at reducing and controlling the co-channel and adjacent-channel interference.