hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Summer Carnival
The Summer Carnaval (Dutch: Zomercarnaval) is an annual event in the Dutch city Rotterdam. It mimics the Carnaval of Latin America and the Dutch Caribbean (Aruba, Bonaire & Curacao). The Summer Carnival offers people an opportunity to celebrate Carnival in such a manner. The Dutch city of Arnhem used to organize Rio on the Rhine, which attracted more than 150.000 visitors, while the Rotterdam event attracts nearly a million visitors yearly. Summer Carnaval is often compared to Karneval der Kulturen (Berlin) and Notting Hill Carnival (London). In 2001 the Carnival was honoured with the prestigious Dutch Prince Claus Award, for their work in promoting the positive contribution of Antillean culture to Dutch society.

Dutch Caribbean
The Dutch Caribbean (historically known as the Dutch West Indies) are the New World territories, colonies, and countries (former and current) of the Dutch colonial empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean Sea, mainly the northern and southwestern regions of the Lesser Antilles archipelago.

The Dutch Caribbean comprises the constituent countries of Curaçao, Aruba and Sint Maarten (the 'CAS' islands) and the special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (BES islands). The term "Dutch Caribbean" is sometimes also used for the Caribbean Netherlands, an entity consisting of the three special municipalities forming part of the constituent country of the Netherlands since 2010. The population of the Dutch Caribbean is 337,617 as of January 2019.
216 Parachute Signal Squadron
216 (Parachute) Signal Squadron is a squadron of the British Army's Royal Corps of Signals that is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems in support of the 16 Air Assault Brigade.

Squadron (army)
A squadron was historically a cavalry subunit, a company- or battalion-sized military formation. The term is still used to refer to modern cavalry units, and is also used by other arms and services (frequently aviation, also naval). In some countries, including Italy, the name of the battalion-level cavalry unit translates as "Squadron Group".
Golf in the Philippines
History of Golf in the Philippines is the history of golf in the Philippines as a pastime play, as an amateur game, and as a professional sport. Golf was introduced to the Philippines more than a hundred years ago. From then onwards, the Philippines has produced its own notable "corps of golf masters" and players.

History of golf
The origins of golf are unclear and much debated. However, it is generally accepted that modern golf developed in Scotland from the Middle Ages onwards. The game did not find international popularity until the late 19th century, when it spread into the rest of the United Kingdom and then to the British Empire and the United States.
Prejean
Prejean or Préjean is a surname of French origin. The name is most common in southwest Louisiana, where it might have arrived from French Canada.

In France, the name is thought to have originated in the region of Burgundy, in the East of France. It is sometimes mistakenly derived from pré de Jean, "John’s meadow", but a more reasonable derivation is from the Old French Prod Jean, "Brave John", or possibly prod gent, of brave or virtuous family.

Notable people named Prejean include:

Albert Préjean (1894-1979), French actor

Carrie Prejean (born 1987), model and beauty queen

Dalton Prejean (1959–1990), murderer

Helen Prejean (born 1939), religious sister and advocate for the abolition of the death penalty

Kawaipuna Prejean (1943–1992), Hawaiian nationalist

Laura Préjean (born 1977), voice actress

Albert Préjean
Albert Préjean (French pronunciation: [albɛʁ pʁeʒɑ̃]; 27 October 1894 – 1 November 1979) was a French actor and singer, primarily in film. He served in World War I, and was decorated with the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honour. With Lysiane Rey, he was the father of Patrick Préjean, and grandfather of Laura Préjean.
Popkomm
Popkomm was an international trade show for the music and entertainment business during the 1990s and 2000s, and also integrated a congress and festival. It was held in Cologne for most of its existence, later moved to Berlin with entries from at least 55 other countries.

Eurosonic Noorderslag
ESNS (Eurosonic Noorderslag) is an annual four-day music showcase festival and conference held in January in Groningen, the Netherlands. The first three days of the festival (Eurosonic) feature artists from all over Europe, the last day of the festival (Noorderslag) features only Dutch artists.  The conference is held during all four days of the event. Several awards are presented during Eurosonic Noorderslag: the Music Moves Europe Talent Awards, the European Festivals Awards, the Buma Cultuur Pop Award (Popprijs), the Pop Media Award (Pop Media Prijs), The Feather (De Veer), the "Iron Venue and Festival Animals" (IJzeren Podiumdieren) and the Buma Music Meets Tech Award.
2022 UEC European Track Championships (under-23 & junior)
The 2022 UEC European Track Championships (under-23 & junior) were the 22nd continental championships for European under-23 and junior track cyclists, and the 13th since the event was renamed following the reorganisation of European track cycling in 2010. The event took place at the Velódromo Nacional Sangalhos in Anadia, Portugal from 14 to 19 July 2022.

Anadia, Portugal
Anadia (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐnɐˈði.ɐ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 29,150, in an area of 216.63 km2. It had 26,915 eligible voters. The city of Anadia is part of Arcos e Mogofores parish. The city itself had a population of 3,034 in 2001, while Arcos e Mogofores parish has about 5,000.
Barberêche
Barberêche (French pronunciation: [baʁbəʁɛʃ]; German: Bärfischen; Arpitan: Barberêtse [baʁbəˈʁɛtsə] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Lac in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It lies on the "language boundary" between the French- and German-speaking parts of Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 it merged with Villarepos and Wallenried into the extant municipality of Courtepin.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Beggin'
"Beggin'" is a song composed by Bob Gaudio and Peggy Farina and first released as a single by American band the Four Seasons in 1967. Initially charting at number 16 on the US Billboard chart, the song became popular in the Northern soul scene in the United Kingdom in the 1970s. It has been covered multiple times, with versions by Norwegian hip-hop duo Madcon and Italian rock band Måneskin topping music charts in Europe and beyond. The Four Seasons' version was remixed in 2007 by French DJ Pilooski and re-released as a single, reaching number 32 on the UK Singles Chart, commercially outperforming the band's original release in the UK.

Frank Walker (musician)
Frank Walker is a Canadian electronic musician and DJ. He is most noted for his single "Only When It Rains", a collaboration with Astrid S which was a Juno Award nominee for Dance Recording of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2020.
Sunil Kumar (activist)
Sunil Kumar (born c. 1987) is an Indian journalist and Right to Information (RTI) activist from Etah, Uttar Pradesh. A Dalit, he has used RTI queries and investigative journalism to expose corruption, including police misconduct, since around 2012. In 2016, Kumar was arrested and falsely charged with molesting a minor under the POCSO Act after releasing a video of police taking bribes from cattle smugglers, leading to his public humiliation, three weeks in jail, and an eight-year legal battle that ended in his acquittal in 2024. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) later deemed the case a fabrication and ordered compensation.

National Human Rights Commission of India
The National Human Rights Commission of India (abbreviated as NHRC) is a statutory body constituted on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Ordinance of 28 September 1993. It was given a statutory basis by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 (PHRA). The NHRC is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights, which are defined by the act as "rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by courts in India".
MacWilliams
MacWilliams and MacWilliam are English-language surnames. They are derived from the Gaelic Mac Uilleim, a patronymic form of a Gaelicized form of the English William. The final -s in MacWilliams is a redundant English patronymical suffix.

Dave MacWilliams (born 1957), American soccer player

Jessie MacWilliams (1917–1990), English mathematician

Keenan MacWilliam (born 1989), Canadian actress

Lyle MacWilliam (born 1949), Canadian congressman

Mike MacWilliam (born 1967), Canadian ice hockey player

Gaelicisation
Gaelicisation, or Gaelicization, is the act or process of making something Gaelic or gaining characteristics of the Gaels, a sub-branch of Celticisation. The Gaels are an ethno-linguistic group, traditionally viewed as having spread from Ireland to Scotland and the Isle of Man.

Gaelic, as a linguistic term, refers to the Gaelic languages but can also refer to the transmission of any other Gaelic cultural feature such as social norms and customs, music and sport.

It is often referred to as a part of Celtic identity since Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man are all considered Celtic nations, and the Gaelic languages are considered a sub-group of the Celtic languages.
Weak River (mythology)
The Weak River also known as the Weak Water or Ruoshui (Chinese: 弱水; lit. 'weak water') is an important feature in the mythical geography of Chinese literature, including novels and poetry over a course of over two millennia from the Warring States to early Han dynasty era poetry of the Chuci onward. The Weak River is one of the mythological rivers flowing near Kunlun, home of a Western Paradise. The Weak River flowed with "water" so lacking in specific gravity that even a feather would not float, thus being a protective barrier against the unworthy, who otherwise would profane the paradise on Kunlun, and perhaps even climb up to Heaven and disturb the deities and other inhabitants residing there. In the novel Journey to the West, the Weak Water River forms one of the obstacles the fictional version of the monk Xuanzang, the magic monkey Sun Wukong, and companions must cross over on their mission to fetch the Buddhist scriptures from India and return them to Tang China.

Chu Ci
The Chu Ci, variously translated as Verses of Chu, Songs of Chu, or Elegies of Chu, is an ancient anthology of Chinese poetry including works traditionally attributed mainly to Qu Yuan and Song Yu from the Warring States period, as well as a large number of works composed during the Han dynasty several centuries later. The traditional version of the Chu Ci contains 17 major sections, anthologized with its current contents by Wang Yi, a 2nd-century AD librarian who served under Emperor Shun of Han. Classical Chinese poetry prior to the Qin dynasty is largely known through the Chu Ci and the Classic of Poetry.
Katāyoun
Katāyoun (Persian: کَتایون) is a female figure in Shāhnāmeh and Iranian mythology. She is married to Goshtāsb and the mother of Esfandiār. In the Shāhnāme, she is the daughter of the Kaiser of Rûm, while in both the Avestā and in Pahlavi texts, she is called Hutaosā and identified as an Iranian girl and a descendant of Nowzar.

Shahnameh
The Shahnameh is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets (two-line verses), the Shahnameh is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of Iran from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic.

The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language. It is regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural identity of Iran.
France at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships
France competed at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines at the Vélodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 18 to 22 February 2015. A team of 21 cyclists (9 women, 12 men) was announced to represent the country in the event.

2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championships for track cycling in 2015. They took place in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (part of the Paris Metropolitan Area) at the Vélodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 18–22 February 2015.
Don't Fight It (The Panics song)
"Don't Fight It" is a song written and recorded by the Australian band The Panics. It was released in August 2007 as the lead single from the band's third studio album, Cruel Guards. In January 2008, the song was voted in at number 10 on the Triple J Hottest 100, 2007. Following this, the song entered and peaked at number 43 in the ARIA Charts in February 2008, becoming the band's first single in the ARIA top 100.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2008, the song was nominated for Breakthrough Artist - Single.

The song was used for the end scene of the Ugly Betty episode "Tornado Girl" in 2008 and in episodes of Underbelly. It also appears on the Underbelly soundtrack album.

Underbelly (soundtrack)
The soundtrack from the controversial Australian TV series, Underbelly was released on 29 March 2008. It features some of the songs from various artists that played in episodes, and includes elements of the score by Burkhard Dallwitz.
Pavlas
Pavlas (feminine: Pavlasová) is a Czech surname, derived from Pavel. Notable people with the surname include:

Dave Pavlas (born 1962), German baseball player

Petr Pavlas (born 1968), Czech ice hockey player

Viola Pavlasová (born 1957), Slovak handball player

Viola Pavlasová
Viola Pavlasová (born May 14, 1957, in Bratislava) is a former Czechoslovak/Slovak handball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

In 1980 she was part of the Czechoslovak team which finished fifth in the Olympic tournament. She played all five matches and scored three goals.
Secher
Secher is a surname. It is a protected surname in Denmark. Notable people with the surname include:

David Secher, British businessman, specializing in research commercialization

Niels Henry Secher (born 1946), Danish rower and medical researcher

Steen Secher (born 1959), Danish Olympic sailor

David Secher
David Secher is a specialist in research commercialisation.  He was awarded the Queen's Award for Enterprise Promotion in 2007 for his work as the co-founder and chairman of Praxis (now PraxisAuril, of which he is now Patron) and the first chief executive of the N8 Group, a group of universities in the north of England. He is now the Principal of Cambridge Knowledge Transfer (a KT and Interim Management consultancy company); and a Life Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.  He is also a non-executive director of Crossword Cybersecurity plc and the Chair of Fitzwilliam Museum Enterprises Ltd.  He is an elected member of the University of Cambridge Finance Committee.
Badegaon
Badegaon is a village in the Godawari Municipality of the Lalitpur District of Nepal. Badegaon is situated in the foothills of Phulchowki and is about 5 km south of Patan. Buddha Madhyamik Vidyalaya is in Ward No. 3. It has a 24-hour hospital. Ex-Prime Minister & Nepali Congress Leader Krishna Prasad Bhattarai has recently settled down in one of the jungles in Badegaon.

Lalitpur District, Nepal
Lalitpur District (Nepali: ललितपुर जिल्लाListenⓘ, in Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Lalitpur as its district headquarters, covers an area of 396.92 km2 (153.25 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 337,785. It is one of three districts in the Kathmandu Valley, along with Kathmandu and Bhaktapur. Its population was 466,784 in the initial 2011 census tabulation. It is surrounded by Makwanpur, Bhaktapur, Kathmandu and Kavrepalanchowk districts.
Rhodamine 6G
Rhodamine 6G /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a highly fluorescent rhodamine family dye. It is often used as a tracer dye within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport.  Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA.

Dye tracing
Dye tracing is a method of tracking and tracing various flows using dye as a flow tracer when added to a liquid. Dye tracing may be used to analyse the flow of the liquid or the transport of objects within the liquid. Dye tracking may be either qualitative, showing the presence of a particular flow, or quantitative, when the amount of the traced dye is measured by special instruments.
V/Line H type carriage
The H type carriages are a class of interurban passenger carriage operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. Fitted with high-density 2+3 seating, they were typically used on short distance interurban services from Melbourne to Bacchus Marsh and Geelong until their withdrawal in 2024.

Kyneton railway station
Kyneton railway station is a regional railway station on the Deniliquin line, part of the Victorian railway network. It serves the north-western suburb and town of Kyneton, in Victoria, Australia. Kyneton station is a ground level unstaffed station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 25 April 1862.

The station is served by V/Line Bendigo, Echuca and Swan Hill line trains, with some peak-hour services to and from Melbourne terminating here.

The disused Carlsruhe railway station is located between Kyneton and Woodend. A demolished station was located at Redesdale Junction, between Kyneton and Malmsbury.
Sumaco
Sumaco is a symmetrical, isolated stratovolcano, that is set off from the main Ecuador volcanic axis. Its rocks are very distinct from those from most Andean volcanoes because of its lack of andesitic composition, in favour of basanite and phonolitic rock. Sumaco is heavily forested and contains a small cone in its broad summit crater. An historical eruption occurred around 1895 (± 30 years).

Andesite
Andesite (/ˈændəzaɪt/) is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predominantly of sodium-rich plagioclase plus pyroxene or hornblende.

Andesite is the extrusive equivalent of plutonic diorite. Characteristic of subduction zones, andesite represents the dominant rock type in island arcs. The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic.  Along with basalts, andesites are a component of the Martian crust.

The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range, where this rock type is found in abundance. It was first applied by Christian Leopold von Buch in 1826.
Stévy Nzambé
Stévy Nzambé (born 1991) is a Gabonese professional footballer who plays as a left back for Ittihad Tanger of Morocco. He also plays for the Gabon national football team. He previously played domestically for USM Libreville, US Bitam, AS Mangasport and AS Pélican, spent time with French clubs Troyes and Marseille at junior level, and appeared for AmaZulu and Real Kings of South Africa, Swazi club Mbabane Swallows and Al-Zawraa of Iraq.

Gabon national football team
The Gabon national football team (French: Équipe de football du Gabon)  represents Gabon in men's international football. The team's nickname is The Panthers and it is governed by the Gabonese Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but have qualified nine times (as of 2025) for the Africa Cup of Nations. Gabon is a member of both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Maurice Peddelty
John Maurice Peddelty (born 23 May 1950) is an English former footballer who made 69 appearances in the Football League playing as a midfielder for Carlisle United and Darlington. He also played non-league football for clubs including South Shields.

Peddelty joined Samuel King's School, in Alston, Cumbria, as deputy head in September 1990, was appointed headteacher in September 2000, and retired from that post in December 2008.

Deputy head teacher
A deputy head teacher, deputy headmaster, deputy headmistress, assistant head teacher, assistant headmaster or assistant headmistress is the second most senior teacher in a school in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. Secondary schools usually also have between one and five deputy heads ("depute head" in Scotland) and several assistant heads, who act as assistants or subordinates to the head teacher  or executive head teacher.
Internal Troops of Kazakhstan
The Internal Troops of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Iшкi iстер министрлiгi iшкi әскері, romanized: Qazaqstan Işki ister ministrligi işki äskerı; Russian: Внутренние войска МВД Казахстана) was a militarized police force that operated in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 1992 to 2014. The Internal Troops formed the basis for what is now the National Guard of Kazakhstan.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
1999 Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia leadership election
The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) held a leadership election on 5 November 1999. Miroslav Grebeníček was elected for another term as the leader. Grebeníček received over 70% and defeated his rivals Václav Exner and Miloslav Ransdorf. Grebeníček stated that Exner was a candidate of Conservatives who like past.

Miloslav Ransdorf
Miloslav Ransdorf (15 February 1953 – 22 January 2016) was a Czech politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, part of the European United Left–Nordic Green Left party group in the European Parliament.
Sayköy, Tarsus
Sayköy is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 421 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity). Çukurova Motorway (O.51) is to the north and Turkish state highway D.400 is to the south of the village. The distance to Tarsus is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) and to Mersin is 30 kilometres (19 mi). It is a typical Çukurova village, cotton and fresh vegetables being the main crops.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.