hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Rugby Africa Cup
The 2025 Rugby Africa Cup was the 20th edition of the Rugby Africa Cup. Administered by Rugby Africa, it was held from 8 to 19 July in Kampala, Uganda for the second consecutive time, featuring eight teams.

The competition also served as a qualification for the 2027 Rugby World Cup with winners Zimbabwe qualifying for the World Cup, and runners-up Namibia progressing to an Africa / Asia play-off match.

Namibia national rugby union team
The Namibia national rugby union team (nicknamed the Welwitschias) represents Namibia in men's international rugby union competitions. They are a tier-two nation in the World Rugby tier system, and have participated in seven Rugby World Cup competitions since their first appearance in 1999. They are governed by the Namibia Rugby Union.

Namibia has been playing international rugby since the early 1900s. As well as having competed at the World Cup, Namibia competes annually in the Africa Cup. Until independence, players for Namibia were also eligible to represent South Africa, with Namibian-born Springboks including Jan Ellis.
Kaji Pratha
Kaji Pratha (Nepali: काजी प्रथा) is the honorary hereditary practice that originated from medieval period in Nepal.

Ganesh Pande was the first Kaji under King Dravya Shah of Gorkha Kingdom. He helped Dravya Shah to become King of Gorkha and was later appointed Kaji of Gorkha in 1559 A.D. Another significant Kaji of Gorkha was Kalu Pande born in the family of Ganesh Pande. He was son of Bhimraj Pande who was also a Kaji during the reign of King Nara Bhupal Shah.

Kalu Pande
Vamshidhar Pande (Nepali: वंशीधर पाँडे) known by Alias Kalu Pande (Nepali: कालु पाँडे) was a Nepali politician and  general who was appointed as Kaji of the Gorkha Kingdom. He was born in 1713 A.D. in a Gorkha family. He was the commander of the Gorkhali forces during the Unification Campaign of Nepal who died in the first Battle of Kirtipur in 1757 A.D. Pande's real name was Banshidhar Pande. He was a son of Kaji Bhimraj Pande who was minister during reign of King Prithivipati Shah of Gorkha. He was descendant of Minister of Gorkha and Dravya Shah's accomplice Ganesh Pande. He had three sons: Dewan Kajisaheb Vamsharaj Pande, Sardar Ranasur Pande and Mulkaji Sahib Damodar Pande (1st PM of Nepal).
Barbara Hendricks
Barbara Hendricks (born November 20, 1948) is an American lyric soprano and humanitarian. Born in Arkansas, Hendricks studied chemistry and mathematics at the University of Nebraska before becoming a singer. She gained acclaim for her operatic roles from her 1974 debut onwards, and also performs jazz among other genres. Hendricks has been a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador since 1987. She has lived in Europe since 1977, and in Basel since 1985. She is a citizen of Sweden following her marriage to a Swedish citizen.

Vocal jazz
Vocal jazz or jazz singing is a genre within jazz music where the voice is used as an instrument.

Vocal jazz began in the early twentieth century. Jazz music has its roots in blues and ragtime and can also traced back to the New Orleans jazz tradition. Jazz music is characterized by syncopated rhythms, improvisation, and unique tonality and pitch deviation. In vocal jazz, this includes vocal improvisations called scat singing where vocalists imitate the instrumentalist's tone and rhythm.
Jujubinus punctulatus
Jujubinus punctulatus is a species of extinct sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

J. punctulatas has a conical shell, with crenulated transverse striae and a strong beaded rib at the margin of the whirls, with a white interior. The shell is similar to Jujubinus mimus in size but is narrower in its proportion to its length, with stronger transverse striae and the rib at the margin of the whirls being more elevated.

Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles a toy spinning top.
Oru Anweshanathinte Thudakkam
Oru Anweshanathinte Thudakkam  (transl. The beginning of an investigation) is a 2024 Indian Malayalam-language investigating crime thriller film directed by M. A. Nishad starring Shine Tom Chacko and Vani Viswanath, and also featuring Sshivada, Swasika, Durga Krishna, Anumol, Manju Pillai, Samuthirakani, Mukesh and Nishad.

Mukesh (actor)
Mukesh Madhavan (born Mukesh Babu; 5 March 1957), known mononymously as Mukesh, is an Indian actor, film producer, television presenter, and politician who predominantly works in Malayalam cinema besides also having sporadically appeared in Tamil-language films. In a film career spanning four decades, he has acted in over 275 Malayalam films.

He made his onscreen debut in the 1982 film Balloon in the leading role. His 1996 film Kaanaakkinaavu premiered at the IFFI and won the Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration. He co-produced Kadha Parayumbol (2007), which won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value. He also produced the 2012 film Thattathin Marayathu, which is considered one of the defining films of the Malayalam New Wave.

He was the chairman of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy. Mukesh is the current MLA representing the Kollam constituency of Kerala state.
Jack Critcher
Jack L. Critcher is a former politician in Arkansas. He served as a state legislator in the Arkansas House of Representatives and Arkansas Senate. He also served as the President of the Arkansas Senate.

Critcher lives in Batesville, Arkansas and has served as mayor, alderman, and as a school board member as well as in the Arkansas House in 1995 and 1997 and in the Arkansas Senate in 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
A167 road
The A167 and A167(M)  is a road in North East England. It is partially a trunk road and partially a motorway, where it is commonly referred to as Newcastle Central Motorway. Most of the road's route was formerly that of the A1, until it was re-routed with the opening of the A1(M) in the 1960s.

Tyne Tunnel
The Tyne Tunnel is the name given to a pair of two-lane vehicular toll tunnels under the River Tyne in North East England. Originally opened in 1967 and expanded in 2011, the tunnels connect the town of Jarrow on the south bank of the river with North Shields and Wallsend on the northern side. The tunnels are approximately 7 miles (11 km) downstream, to the east of Newcastle upon Tyne. The Tyne Tunnel constitutes a part of the A19 road.
Batoche (former electoral district)
Batoche was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. It was located in north central Saskatchewan, and was one of the original 25 electoral districts formed when the province was created in 1905. The electoral district was replaced before the next general election in 1908, and was redistributed into Duck Lake, Vonda, Hanley, Saskatoon County, and Arm River. Prior to the creation of the province, the riding existed as an electoral district of the North-West Territories.

A new district of the same name was created in 2002.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Ralph Holloway
Ralph Leslie Holloway Jr. (February 6, 1935 – March 12, 2025) was an American physical anthropologist at Columbia University and research associate with the American Museum of Natural History. Since obtaining his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1964, Holloway served as a professor of anthropology at Columbia. Holloway's interests were in craniology, producing endocasts, primate behavior, biology of gender, sexual dimorphism in the corpus callosum, and other topics. He developed the subdiscipline of hominin paleoneurology.

Biological anthropology
Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a natural science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. This subfield of anthropology systematically studies human beings from a biological perspective.
Mount Bradley (Siskiyou County, California)
Mount Bradley is a summit in Siskiyou County, California, in the United States. It is in the Shasta–Trinity National Forest with an elevation of 5,563 feet (1,696 m). The peak rises over 3,000 feet (900 m) above City of Dunsmuir, California and the Sacramento River.

Though it is entirely surrounded by private land, the summit, which is the site of Forest Service lookout tower, can be reached by way of the Castle Lake Trail.

Dunsmuir, California
Dunsmuir is a city in Siskiyou County, California. It is on the upper Sacramento River. Its population is 1,707 as of the 2020 census, up from 1,650 from the 2010 census.

Dunsmuir is currently a hub for tourism in Northern California, with Interstate 5 passing through it. Visitors enjoy fishing, skiing, climbing, or sight-seeing. During the steam locomotive railroad era, it was the site of an important Central Pacific (and later Southern Pacific) railroad yard, where extra steam locomotives were added to assist trains on the grade to the north.
Skif Paragliding
Skif Paragliding is a Ukrainian aircraft manufacturer founded by Sergei Rozhko in 1993 and based in Feodosia. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of paragliders in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft, and also runs a paragliding flight training school.

Rozhko is also the designer of the company's paraglider line.

The company flight training operation takes place on Klementyeva Mountain.

By 2003, the company was offering a line of paragliders, including the beginner to intermediate Skif-A, the competition Raptor and the two-place BigSkif Bi for flight training.

Paragliding
Paragliding is the recreational and competitive adventure sport of  flying paragliders: lightweight, free-flying, foot-launched glider aircraft with no rigid primary structure. The pilot sits in a harness or in a cocoon-like 'pod' suspended below a fabric wing. Wing shape is maintained by the suspension lines, the pressure of air entering vents in the front of the wing, and the aerodynamic forces of the air flowing over the outside.

Despite not using an engine, paraglider flights can last many hours and cover many hundreds of kilometres, though flights of one to five hours and covering some tens of kilometres are more the norm. By skillful exploitation of sources of lift, the pilot may gain height, often climbing to altitudes of a few thousand metres.
Riverdale Country School
Riverdale Country School is a co-educational, independent, college-preparatory day school in New York City serving pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade. It is located on two campuses covering more than 27.5 acres (111,000 m2) in the Riverdale section of the Bronx, New York, United States. Started as a school for boys, Riverdale Country School became fully coeducational in 1972. It currently serves 1,140 students. According to Niche's 2025 Private School Rankings, Riverdale is ranked the best private K–12 school in the United States.

Niche (company)
Niche.com, formerly known as College Prowler, is an American company headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that runs a ranking and review site. The company was founded by Luke Skurman in 2002 as a publisher of print guidebooks on U.S. colleges, but is now an online resource providing information on K–12 schools, colleges, cities, neighborhoods, and companies across the United States.
Richard Howell (cricketer)
Richard Thomas James Howell (born 2 January 1982) is an English cricketer.  Howell is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace and who occasionally plays as a wicketkeeper.  He was born in Gloucester, Gloucestershire and was educated at Cheltenham College.

Howell represented the Gloucestershire Cricket Board in 3 List A matches.  These came against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy and Huntingdonshire and the Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 1st and 2nd rounds of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which were both held in 2002. In his 3 List A matches, he scored 35 runs at a batting average of 35.00, with a high score of 20*. With the ball he took a single wicket at a bowling average of 35.00, with best figures of 1/35.

2000 NatWest Trophy
The 2000 NatWest Trophy was the 20th and last NatWest Trophy before being renamed as the Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy for the 2001 season.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 2 May and 26 August 2000. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire who defeated Warwickshire by 22 runs in the final at Lord's.
Dr Barnardo's Memorial
The Memorial to Dr Barnardo by George Frampton, at Barkingside in the London Borough of Redbridge, commemorates the founder of the Barnardo's children's charity. Born in Dublin into a Sephardic Jewish family, Thomas John Barnardo moved to the East End of London in 1866 where he established a chain of orphanages that developed into the Barnardo's charity. He died in 1905 and, in a move unusual for the time, was cremated; his ashes were interred in front of Cairn's House, the original building of his Barkingside children's village. In 1908, a memorial was raised on the site, the sculpture being undertaken by George Frampton, who worked without a fee. The memorial was designated a Grade II listed structure in 1979 and upgraded to II* in 2010.

London Borough of Redbridge
The London Borough of Redbridge is a London borough established in 1965.

The borough shares boundaries with the Epping Forest District in the county of Essex to the north, the London Borough of Waltham Forest to the west, the London Borough of Havering to the east, the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in the south east, and the London Borough of Newham to the south west.

The principal settlements in the borough are Ilford, Wanstead and Woodford.
St Benedict's Church, Newton
St Benedict's Church is a historic neo-Gothic Catholic church in Newton, Auckland, New Zealand, the church complex includes a Presbytery and a former convent — at one point the complex included a school and club rooms but these have since been demolished.

Constructed in the 1880s, the site housed the first Benedictine mission in New Zealand and later the Sisters of St Joseph for almost a century. The church is registered as a category 1 building with Heritage New Zealand.

Sisters of St. Joseph
The Sisters of St. Joseph, also known as the Congregation of the Sisters of St. Joseph, abbreviated CSJ or SSJ, is a Catholic religious congregation of women founded in Le Puy-en-Velay, France, in 1650. This congregation, named for Saint Joseph, has approximately 9,500 members worldwide: 2,584 in the United States; 2,000 in France; and are active in 50 other countries.
Gregers Joensen
Gregers Joensen (December 14, 1835 – June 12, 1897), also known as Grækaris Joensen, was a Faroese teacher and politician.

Joensen was born in Eiði. He received a teaching degree in 1871 and was the first person to graduate from the Faroese Teachers School. He worked as a teacher in Eiði until his death in 1897. Joensen represented Eysturoy in the Faroese Parliament from 1875 to 1887, and again from 1895 until his death. At the same time, he served as the first mayor of the Municipality of Eiði from 1894 to 1897.

1875 Faroese general election
Partial general elections were held in the Faroe Islands in 1875 to elect nine of the eighteen elected members of the Løgting. The Danish administrator (Amtmaður) and the local dean (Próstur) were also members, with the administrator serving as the speaker.
Hypostomus strigaticeps
Hypostomus strigaticeps is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Tietê River basin in Brazil. The species reaches 16 cm (6.3 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. It feeds primarily on algae, with the diet of individuals in polluted habitats differing from that of those in more preserved ones.

Tietê River
The  Tietê River (Portuguese: Rio Tietê [tʃi.eˈte]) is a Brazilian river in the state of São Paulo.

The first known use of the name Tietê was on a map published in 1748 by d’Anville. The name means "truthful  river", or "truthful waters”, in Tupi.

The Tietê River is a historically significant and economically important river, which stretches 450 kilometers and allows for navigation of barges carrying various goods.

Pollution of the Tietê River began subtly in the 1920s, but it has worsened significantly over time. In September 2010, National Geographic identified the river as the most polluted in Brazil. Despite efforts to clean up the river, it still suffers from pollution and environmental degradation, and some species are threatened, or possibly extinct.
Hydrops fetalis
Hydrops fetalis or hydrops foetalis is a condition in the fetus characterized by an accumulation of fluid, or edema, in at least two fetal compartments. By comparison, hydrops allantois or hydrops amnion is an accumulation of excessive fluid in the allantoic or amniotic space, respectively.

Allantois
The allantois (/əˈlæntoʊɪs/ a-LAN-toe-iss; pl.: allantoides or allantoises) is one of the four membranes of the extraembryonic tissue arising from the yolk sac. It is a hollow sac-like structure filled with clear fluid that forms part of the developing conceptus in an amniote that helps the embryo exchange gases and handle liquid waste. The other extraembryonic membranes are the yolk sac, the amnion, and the chorion. In mammals these membranes are known as fetal membranes.

The allantois, along with the amnion, chorion, and yolk sac (other extraembryonic membranes), identify humans and other mammals, birds, and reptiles as amniotes. These extraembryonic membranes that form the embryo have aided amniotes in the transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments. Fish and amphibians are anamniotes, lacking the allantois.
Looking at Nima Yoshij's Poetry
A look at Nima Yoshij's poetry: A discussion on how poetic systems originated is a book by Omid Tabibzadeh that deals with the place of Nima Yooshij in contemporary Iranian literature and the formation of new poetic systems.

Omid Tabibzadeh
Omid Tabibzadeh Ghamsari (Persian: امید طبیب‌زاده قمصری; born 1961 in Tehran) is an Iranian linguist and Professor of Linguistics at the Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
He is a winner of Farabi International Award and is known for his research on Persian phonology, Persian grammar, Dependency grammar and Persian metres. Tabibzadeh received his BA in English from Shahid Bahonar University and his MA  and PhD in linguistics from University of Tehran.
Tabibzadeh previously taught at Bu-Ali Sina University. He is the editor-in-chief of the journal Language and Linguistics.
Sheldon Turner
Sheldon Turner is a screenwriter and producer. His produced credits as a screenwriter include The Longest Yard (2005), The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning (2006), Up in the Air (2009) and X-Men: First Class (2011). He is an alum of Cornell University in Ithaca, NY.

Turner was featured in The Dialogue interview series. In this 90-minute interview with producer Michael De Luca, Turner charts his detour from law school to screenwriting. Turner will be writing the live action Splinter Cell film. His production company Vendetta Productions recently signed a first-look deal with A+E Studios.

Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association
The Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association (WAFCA) is a group of film critics based in Washington, D.C., and founded in 2002. WAFCA is composed of over 65 D.C.-based film critics from internet, print, radio, and television. Annually, the group gives awards to the best in film as selected by its members by vote.
Journey from the Fall
Journey from the Fall (Vietnamese: Vượt Sóng) is a 2006 independent film by writer/director/editor Ham Tran, about the Vietnamese re-education camp and boat people experience following the Fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975. This drama was released on March 23, 2007, by ImaginAsian to sold-out screenings. The film is notable for having been financed entirely by the Vietnamese American community.

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
Alexandrovka, Brezhnevsky Selsoviet, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast
Alexandrovka (Russian: Александровка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Brezhnevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  23 (2010 census); 41 (2002 census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.