hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Berlingen railway station
Berlingen railway station (German: Bahnhof Berlingen) is a railway station in Berlingen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the Lake line and is served by local trains only.

The station is close to the southern shore of the Untersee (Lake Constance).

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
Kentucky's 1st House of Representatives district
Kentucky's 1st House of Representatives district is one of 100 districts in the Kentucky House of Representatives. Located in the far west of the state, it comprises the counties of Ballard, Crittenden, Fulton, Hickman, and part of McCracken. It has been represented by Steven Rudy (R–Paducah) since 2005. As of 2023, the district had a population of 44,228.

McCracken County, Kentucky
McCracken County is a county located in the far west portion of U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 67,875. The county seat and only municipality is Paducah. McCracken County was the 78th county formed in the state, having been created in 1825. It is part of the historic Jackson Purchase, territory sold by the Chickasaw people to General Andrew Jackson and Governor Isaac Shelby; this territory was located at the extreme western end of Kentucky.

Paducah developed based on its "River and Rail" traffic. Steamboats, barges, and the Illinois Central Railroad were the basis of the economy into the late 20th century. In the 1920s, the Illinois Central built the largest operating, and maintenance base in the world here.

McCracken County is the central county of the Paducah, KY-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Helium atom
A helium atom is an atom of the chemical element helium. Helium is composed of two electrons bound by the electromagnetic force to a nucleus containing two protons along with two neutrons, depending on the isotope, held together by the strong force. Unlike for the hydrogen atom, a closed-form solution to the Schrödinger equation for the helium atom has not been found. However, various approximations, such as the Hartree–Fock method, can be used to estimate the ground state energy and wavefunction of the atom.

Historically, the first attempt to obtain the helium spectrum from quantum mechanics was done by Albrecht Unsöld in 1927. Egil Hylleraas obtained an accurate approximation in 1929. Its success was considered to be one of the earliest signs of validity of Schrödinger's wave mechanics.

Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian of a system is an operator corresponding to the total energy of that system, including both kinetic energy and potential energy. Its spectrum, the system's energy spectrum or its set of energy eigenvalues, is the set of possible outcomes obtainable from a measurement of the system's total energy. Due to its close relation to the energy spectrum and time-evolution of a system, it is of fundamental importance in most formulations of quantum theory.

The Hamiltonian is named after William Rowan Hamilton, who developed a revolutionary reformulation of Newtonian mechanics, known as Hamiltonian mechanics, which was historically important to the development of quantum physics. Similar to vector notation, it is typically denoted by , where the hat indicates that it is an operator. It can also be written as  or .
2020 Samoa National League
The 2020 Samoa National League is the 30th edition of the Samoa National League, the top association football league of Samoa organised by the Football Federation Samoa. This season began on 18 August 2020. Lupe o le Soaga are the defending champions.

The winner of the first round will qualify for the 2021 OFC Champions League, while the winner of the top eight round will qualify for the 2022 OFC Champions League.

The league was won by Lupe o le Soaga.

Many games take place at the 3,500-capacity National Soccer Stadium, Apia.

Samoa National League
Samoa National League is an association football league in Samoa and the top division of the Football Federation Samoa. The 3,500 capacity Toleafoa JS Blatter Soccer Stadium is the sole venue of the national league.
Tony Tenser
Samuel Anthony Tenser (10 August 1920 – 5 December 2007) was an English-born film producer of Lithuanian-Jewish descent. He began as the producer of low budget exploitation films before moving into mainstream productions.

Frightmare (1974 film)
Frightmare (also known as Cover Up and Once Upon a Frightmare) is a 1974 British horror slasher film directed and produced by Pete Walker, written by David McGillivray and starring Rupert Davies and Sheila Keith. The story focuses around Dorothy and Edmund Yates, who have recently been released from a mental asylum, and is one of Pete Walker's most notable films.
Nisei Veterans Memorial Center
The Nisei Veterans Memorial Center (Japanese: 二世退役軍人記念センター, Nisei Taiekigunjin Kinen Sentā) is a non-profit organization, memorial, and community center, dedicated to Japanese American nisei veterans. It is located on Kahului, Hawaii and features educational exhibits, a preschool, and an adult daycare. The main building was built in 2006.

Kahului, Hawaii
Kahului (Hawaiian pronunciation: [kəhuˈluwi]) is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place in Maui County in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It hosts the county's main airport (Kahului Airport), a deep-draft harbor, light industrial areas, and commercial shopping centers. The population was 28,219 at the 2020 census. Kahului is part of the Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina Metropolitan Statistical Area which comprises all of Maui County, including nearby Wailuku and the West Maui town of Lahaina.

The retail center for Maui County residents, Kahului has several malls and major stores, including department stores in the Queen Kaahumanu Center. Attractions in Kahului include the Alexander & Baldwin Sugar Museum, Kanaha Pond State Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanaha Beach County Park, and the Maui Arts and Cultural Center.
Elena Altieri
Elena Altieri (born Elena Capucci; 27 July 1916 – 1 May 1997) was an Italian film and stage actress. She appeared in 27 films between 1937 and 1955. She was born in Stresa, the daughter of an Italian father and an English mother. She was mainly cast, both on stage and in films, in roles of haughty and aristocratic women.

Queen of the Scala was the debut film for both Altieri and the actress Laura Solari.

Stresa
Stresa (Italian pronunciation: [ˈstrɛːza]) is a comune of about 4,600 residents on the shores of Lake Maggiore in the province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, in the Italian region of Piedmont. about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Milan. It is situated on road and rail routes to the Simplon Pass.
AllCanada Express
AllCanada Express was a cargo airline based in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. It operated nightly flights to some of the major United States cargo hubs and to Central America, South America and the Caribbean.

Cargo airline
Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines.
In 2018, airline cargo traffic represented 262,333 million tonne-kilometres with a 49.3% load factor: 52.1% for dedicated cargo operations, and 47.9% within mixed operations (belly freight of passenger airliners).

Dedicated cargo airlines such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, operate a fleet of cargo aircraft and handle the entire freight transportation process. Many airlines, like Emirates and Qatar Airways, have dedicated cargo divisions that operate their own fleet of cargo aircraft alongside their passenger operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, airlines like American Airlines, Air Canada, and Delta Air Lines utilized their passenger planes, removing seats to create space for cargo, to meet the demand for freight transport.
Curvularia geniculata
Curvularia geniculata is a fast-growing anamorphic fungus in the division Ascomycota, most commonly found in soil, especially in areas of warmer climates. The fungus is a pathogen, mainly causing plant and animal infections, and rarely causing human infections. C. geniculata is characterized by its curved conidia, which has a dark brown centre and pale tapered tips, and produces anti-fungal compounds called Curvularides A-E.

Peritonitis
Peritonitis is inflammation of the localized or generalized peritoneum, the lining of the inner wall of the abdomen and covering of the abdominal organs. Symptoms may include severe pain, swelling of the abdomen, fever, or weight loss. One part or the entire abdomen may be tender. Complications may include shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Causes include perforation of the intestinal tract, pancreatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, stomach ulcer, cirrhosis, a ruptured appendix or even a perforated gallbladder. Risk factors include ascites (the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen) and peritoneal dialysis. Diagnosis is generally based on examination, blood tests, and medical imaging.

Treatment often includes antibiotics, intravenous fluids, pain medication, and surgery. Other measures may include a nasogastric tube or blood transfusion. Without treatment death may occur within a few days. About 20% of people with cirrhosis who are hospitalized have peritonitis.
Amasa Cobb
Amasa Cobb (September 27, 1823 – July 5, 1905) was an American politician and judge.  He was the 6th and 9th chief justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court and the 5th mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska.  Earlier in his life, he served four terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district from 1863 to 1871.  He also served several years in the Wisconsin Legislature, and was the 13th Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly (1861).  He also served as a Union Army officer during the American Civil War.

Wisconsin State Legislature
The Wisconsin State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house, Wisconsin State Senate, and the lower Wisconsin State Assembly, both of which have had Republican majorities since January 2011. With both houses combined, the legislature has 132 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. The legislature convenes at the state capitol in Madison.

The current sitting is the 107th Wisconsin Legislature.
1996 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis circuit, organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 1996 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not officially part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.

Ruxandra Dragomir
Ruxandra Dragomir Ilie (born 24 October 1972) is a retired tennis player from Romania.

She won four singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour during her career. The right-hander reached her highest individual WTA ranking on 25 August 1997, when she became the No. 15 of the world. Between 2009 and 2013 she was the president of Romanian Tennis Federation. Her best performance at a Grand Slam tournament came when she got to the quarterfinals of the 1997 French Open, defeating Sonya Jeyaseelan, Yayuk Basuki, Karina Habšudová and Nicole Arendt, before losing to the eventual champion, Iva Majoli.

Dragomir retired from professional tennis in 2005.
2017–18 Brown Bears men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Brown Bears men's basketball team represented Brown University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bears, led by sixth-year head coach Mike Martin, played their home games at the Pizzitola Sports Center in Providence, Rhode Island as members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 11–16, 4–10 in Ivy League play to finish in seventh place and fail to qualify for the Ivy League tournament.

2018 Ivy League men's basketball tournament
The 2018 Ivy League men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Ivy League of the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held on March 10 and 11, 2018, at the Palestra on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Penn defeated Harvard in the championship game to win the tournament and received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. Harvard earned an automatic bid to the 2018 National Invitation Tournament.
Jánico
Jánico (Caribbean Spanish pronunciation: [ˈhaniko]) is a small mountain town and municipality (municipio) of the Santiago province in the Dominican Republic. A part of the Central Mountain Range, it sits east of San Jose de las Matas; west of Sabana Iglesia; and southwest of Santiago de los Caballeros. The municipality is spread over two municipal districts (distritos municipal): Juncalito and El Caimito Jánico acquired the status of municipality of the province of Santiago on March 29, 1881.

The town sits at a relatively high elevation, as part of the Central Mountain Range, (an average elevation of 370 meters), which gives the municipality a pleasant climate. Along with two municipal districts, Janico contains many rural districts (secciones): Cagüeyes, Cebu, Dicayagua Abajo, Jagua Abajo, Loma del Corral, Mesetas, Franco Bido, Janey, Rincon Largo, Yaque Abajo, Pinalito, Los Pilones, and La Guama.

French diaspora
The French diaspora (French: Diaspora française) consists of French people and their descendants living outside France. Countries with significant numbers of people with French ancestry include Canada and the United States, whose territories were partly colonized by France between the 16th and 19th centuries, as well as Argentina. Although less important than in other European countries, immigration from France to the New World was numerous from the start of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century. As of 2013, French authorities estimate that between 2 and 3.5 million French nationals are living abroad but the diaspora includes over 30 million people.
Yngve Slyngstad
Yngve Slyngstad (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈʏ̂ŋvə ˈʂlʏ̀ŋstɑ]; born 3 November 1962) was the former CEO of Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM) which is the part of the Norwegian Central Bank that is responsible for managing The Government Pension Fund - Global. In 2021 he was appointed as the CEO and senior partner of Aker Asset Management (AAM).

Slyngstad has a law degree from the University of Oslo and a degree from the Norwegian School of Economics. He also holds an MA degree in economics from the University of California, Santa Barbara and an MA degree in political science from the University of Paris.

Slyngstad was listed 5th on aiCIO's 2012 list of the 100 most influential institutional investors worldwide. In July 2013, he was ranked 3rd on the Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute's Public Investor 100. In 2013 and 2014, Slyngstad was on the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People as #70 and #72, respectively.

Norges Bank
Norges Bank (Bokmål: Norges Bank, Nynorsk: Noregs Bank, lit. 'Bank of Norway') is the central bank of Norway. It is responsible for managing the Government Pension Fund of Norway, which is the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, as well as the bank's own foreign exchange reserves.
2000 Open Gaz de France
The 2000 Open Gaz de France was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France and was part of Tier II of the 2000 WTA Tour. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and ran from 7 February until 13 February 2000. Second-seeded Nathalie Tauziat won the singles title and earned $87,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
Rafael Ortega (tennis)
Rafael Ortega is a Mexican former tennis player who was active in the 1950s.

Ortega appeared in two Davis Cup ties for Mexico during his career, against Cuba away in Havana in 1950, then Japan at home in Mexico City in 1954.

In both 1952 and 1953, Ortega competed in the main draw of the U.S. National Championships, for two first-round losses. His first-round match against William Quillian in 1953 went to five sets.

At the 1954 Central American and Caribbean Games in Mexico City he won a silver medal in the singles event, behind countryman Mario Llamas.

William Quillian (tennis)
William Whitcomb "Bill" Quillian (April 13, 1934 – July 12, 1973) was an American tennis player and coach.

Quillian joined the University of Washington in Seattle as an undergrad in 1952. He played tennis throughout his time there, participating in the U.S. championships in 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, and 1958. In 1958, he competed in Europe at the Wimbledon Championships and French Championships. Quillian played for the U.S. in the 1958 Davis Cup against Venezuela; at the quarterfinal of the Americas zone in Caracas in May, he won his doubles and singles match.

Quillian was a coach from 1965, until his death in 1973 at the age of 39 from leukemia. The outdoor tennis stadium at the University of Washington was renamed The Bill Quillian Stadium in his honor. He was inducted into the University of Washington Hall of Fame in 1985.
Enis
Enis is a male given name.

In the Balkans, Enis is popular among Bosniaks in the former Yugoslav nations. It is also popular among Albanians. The name is a modification to the name Anis, and it holds the same meanings of "genial" and "close friend."

The female equivalent to Enis is Enisa (for example, Enisa Nikaj).

Enisa (singer)
Enisa Nikaj (/ɛniːsɑː ˈniːkaɪ/; born March 5, 1996), known professionally as Enisa (stylized in all caps), is an American singer and songwriter. She began her music career in 2015 performing cover songs and began releasing original music in 2016. She signed to Atlantic Records and Highbridge The Label in December 2019, and competed in the American Song Contest in March 2022.
HMS E17
HMS E17 was a British E-class submarine built by Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 29 July 1914, launched on 16 January 1915 and was commissioned on 7 April 1915. HMS E17 was wrecked off Texel in the North Sea on 6 January 1916. Her crew were rescued by a Dutch cruiser Noordbrabant. They were interned. The conning tower of E17 is preserved as a monument at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum in Gosport, the United Kingdom.

Texel
Texel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɛsəl] ⓘ; Texels dialect: Tessel) is a municipality and an island with a population of 13,846 in North Holland, Netherlands. It is the largest and most populated island of the West Frisian Islands in the Wadden Sea. The island is situated north of Den Helder, northeast of Noorderhaaks, and southwest of Vlieland.
Inverse benefit law
The inverse benefit law states that the ratio of benefits to harms among patients taking new drugs tends to vary inversely with how extensively a drug is marketed. Two Americans, Howard Brody and Donald Light, have defined the inverse benefit law, inspired by Tudor Hart's inverse care law.

A drug effective for a serious disorder is less and less effective as it is promoted for milder cases and for other conditions for which the drug was not approved. Although effectiveness becomes more diluted, the risks of harmful side effects persist, and thus the benefit-harm ratio worsens as a drug is marketed more widely. The inverse benefit law highlights the need for comparative effectiveness research and other reforms to improve evidence-based prescribing.

Julian Tudor-Hart
Alan Julian Macbeth Tudor-Hart FRCGP FRCP  (9 March 1927 – 1 July 2018), commonly known as Julian Tudor Hart, was a general practitioner (GP) who worked in Wales for 30 years, known for theorising the inverse care law. He produced medical research and wrote many books and medical articles.
Velykokomarivka
Velykokomarivka (Ukrainian: Великокомарівка) is a village in Rozdilna Raion of Odesa Oblast (province) of southern Ukraine. It belongs to Velyka Mykhailivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It was founded in 1810 with the name Kassel and later renamed as Velykokomarivka.

Rozdilna Raion
Rozdilna Raion (Ukrainian: Роздільнянський район) is a raion (district) in Odesa Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Rozdilna. Population: 101,407 (2022 estimate).

On 17 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Odesa Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Rozdilna Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Velyka Mykhailivka  and Zakharivka Raions, were merged into Rozdilna Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 57,209 (2020 est.).

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census the population was 78% Ukrainian, 14% Russian, 5% Moldovan (Romanian), 1% Bulgarian, and 1% Belarusian.

The urban-type settlement of Lymanske and the village of Kuchurhan are located at the western edge of the district along the border with Transnistria in Moldova.
Studies in the History of Medieval Religion
Studies in the History of Medieval Religion is a history book series published by Boydell & Brewer on the history of medieval religion. The series editor is Frances Andrews of St Andrews University. As of November 2016 there were 44 volumes in print in the series.

Book series
A book series, or a novel series, is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher.
Fatiha Mejjati
Fatiha Mohamed Taher Mejjati (née Hassani; born 1961 (1961)) is a Moroccan jihadist. She is the widow of Karim Mejjati, a co-founder of the Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group and a member of Al-Qaeda. Karim Mejjati is suspected of involvement in planning the 2003 Casablanca bombings and the 2004 Madrid train bombings.

Mejjati is believed to be living in Syria. In 2023, she was designated a terrorist by the Moroccan Ministry of Justice, and an arrest warrant was issued against her in connection with alleged terrorist activities.

Moroccans
Moroccans (Arabic: المغاربة, romanised: al-Maġāriba) are the citizens and nationals of Morocco. The country's population is predominantly composed of Arabs and Berbers. The term also applies more broadly to any people who share a common Moroccan culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Moroccan Arabic or other languages of Morocco.

In addition to the approximately 37 million residents of Morocco, there is a large Moroccan diaspora. Considerable Moroccan populations can be found in France, Spain, Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.