hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vytautas Kubilius
Vytautas Kubilius (November 23, 1928,  Aukštadvarys, Rokiškis district, Lithuania — February 17, 2004, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian literary critic and political activist.

Kubilius was an author of numerous articles and monographs about Lithuanian literature and writers. He took part in Sąjūdis movement, and was a co-founder of the Lithuanian Citizens' Charter movement (Lietuvos piliečių chartija) and the chairman of its Council since 1991.

Kubilius was the father of Andrius Kubilius, a Lithuanian politician. He was fatally hit by a motorist at a crosswalk in Vilnius on February 17, 2004. He was awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas (1998).

Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
The Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas is the Lithuanian Presidential Award which was re-instituted to honour the citizens of Lithuania for outstanding performance in civil and public offices. Foreign nationals may also be awarded this Order. The Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas was instituted in 1928. It features the Columns of Gediminas, one of the national symbols of Lithuania.
Maurice Tornay
Maurice Tornay, CRSA (31 August 1910 – 11 August 1949) was a Swiss Catholic priest of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine – of the Hospitallers of Saint Nicholas and Grand-St-Bernard of Mont Joux branch – who served as part of the missions in China and Tibet.

He fought against anti-Catholic religious persecution in independent Tibet and was ambushed and murdered by Tibetan Buddhist monks of the Karma Kagyu sect from the Karma Gon Monastery while he travelled to Lhasa disguised as a pilgrim to appeal directly to the Dalai Lama for religious toleration to be granted to the Catholic Church in Tibet.

He was beatified on 16 May 1993 after Pope John Paul II confirmed that the late priest had been killed "in odium fidei" ('out of hatred of the faith').

Religious tolerance
Religious tolerance or religious toleration may signify "no more than forbearance and the permission given by the adherents of a dominant religion for other religions to exist, even though the latter are looked on with disapproval as inferior, mistaken, or harmful". Historically, most incidents and writings pertaining to toleration involve the status of minority and dissenting viewpoints in relation to a dominant state religion.  However, religion is also sociological, and the practice of toleration has always had a political aspect as well.: xiii

An overview of the history of toleration and different cultures in which toleration has been practiced, and the ways in which such a paradoxical concept has developed into a guiding one, illuminates its contemporary use as political, social, religious, and ethnic, applying to LGBT individuals and other minorities, and other connected concepts such as human rights.
Norm Marshall
Norm Marshall (1918 – 5 November 2008) was a Canadian radio and television broadcaster. He and Larry O'Brien were commentators for the first telecast of a Grey Cup football game 29 November 1952 on CBLT Toronto. CBC paid both Marshall and O'Brien CAD$250 for this inaugural broadcast. He was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 1989.

CKTB
CKTB (610 AM, "610 CKTB") is a radio station licensed to St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Whiteoaks Communications Group, it broadcasts a talk radio format serving the Niagara Region.

Its studios are on Yates Street in downtown St. Catharines, in the former mansion of William Hamilton Merritt, the main promoter of the first Welland Canal. CKTB's transmitter is sited on Grassy Brook Road east of Port Robinson.
Delta Spirit (album)
Delta Spirit is the self-titled third studio album by the band Delta Spirit. The album was released on March 12, 2012, through Rounder Records.

It charted on the Billboard 200, reaching #1 on the Heatseekers chart, #12 on the Tastemakers chart and #15 on the Alternative Albums chart.

It spawned the single "California", which garnered significant radio airplay in the band's hometown of San Diego.

Delta Spirit
Delta Spirit is an American rock band from California, United States. The group consists of Jonathan Jameson (bass), Brandon Young (drums), Matthew Vasquez (vocals and guitars), Kelly Winrich (multi-instrumentalist), and William McLaren (guitar).
Alafia River Reserve
The Alafia River Reserve is a recreation area and water conservation area managed by the Southwest Florida Water Management District in Mulberry, Florida, Polk County, Florida. It covers 334 acres (1.35 km2) and is located at 4872 Indian Oak Drive in Mulberry, Florida. It was created to preserve wetlands and includes hiking trails and a picnic area.

Polk County, Florida
Polk County (/poʊk/) is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. The county population was 725,046 in the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 818,330 in July 2023. Its county seat is Bartow, and its largest city is Lakeland. Polk County comprises the Lakeland–Winter Haven metropolitan statistical area (MSA). This MSA is the 77th-most populous one and the 89th-most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.

The center of Florida's population is located in Polk County, near the city of Lake Wales. Polk County is home to one public university, one state college, and four private universities.
Sarmera
Sarmera is a town and a block in Nalanda district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is located 110 km east of Patna and is on the National Highway NH33 (linking Arwal to Mokameh and passes through Bihar Sharif)  and State Highway SH78 (Bihta - Sarmera) connecting it to major cities in Bihar.
Sarmera is a block in Nalanda district of Bihar, India and has nine panchayats namely Malawan, Kenar, Dhanuki, Mirnagar, Husaina, Sarmera, Chero, Narshinghpur, Sasaur and Isua.
Major inhabited villages in Sarmera are Husena, Gopalbad, Brindawan, Pojh, Chero, Parnawa, Isua, Bari Malawan, Choti Malawan, Kenar, Mirnagar, Rupaspur, Sasaur, Dharampur and until 1943 it was ruled by royal family of Nalanda.

Pärnu
Pärnu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈpærˑnu]) is a city in southwest Estonia. Pärnu is located 128 kilometres (80 mi) south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and 176 kilometres (109 mi) west of Estonia's second-largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga.

Pärnu is a popular summer holiday resort town among Estonians with many hotels, restaurants and large beaches.  The city is served by Pärnu Airport.
Massachusetts's 10th congressional district
Massachusetts's 10th congressional district is an obsolete district that was active during 1795–2013. It was first located in the District of Maine during 1795–1803, then located in several different areas of Massachusetts. It was most recently eliminated in 2013 as district lines were redrawn to accommodate the loss of the seat due to reapportionment as a result of the 2010 census.

At the time the district was eliminated, it included parts of the South Shore and all of the Cape and Islands. Effective with the 2012 House elections, most of the former district was placed in the 9th district, with some northern portions placed in the 8th district.

Notable persons elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from the 10th congressional district include James Michael Curley, four-time Mayor of Boston, and John F. Fitzgerald, maternal grandfather of John F. Kennedy.

Mayor of Boston
The mayor of Boston is the head of the municipal government in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Boston has a mayor–council government. Boston's mayoral elections are nonpartisan (as are all municipal elections in Boston), and elect a mayor to a four-year term; there are no term limits. The mayor's office is in Boston City Hall, in Government Center.

The current mayor of Boston is Michelle Wu.
Monier Ventilation Shaft 2
Monier Ventilation Shaft 2 is a heritage-listed ventilation shaft at 134 St Paul's Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Joseph Monier and built c. 1904. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1998.

Town of Brisbane
The Town of Brisbane was a local government area of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia from 1859 to 1903. It was later elevated to city status and was the City of Brisbane from 1903 until it was amalagamated into the City of Greater Brisbane in 1925.
Huế Central Hospital
Huế Central Hospital (HCH; Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế), established in 1894, has been the first Western medicine hospital in Vietnam. The hospitals, providing 3939 beds and occupying 190,000 square meters (included Base 2), is one of three biggest in the country along with Bạch Mai Hospital in Hanoi and Chợ Rẫy Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, and is managed by the Ministry of Health. HCH, positioned as is a top referral hospital, is a central medical institution for the 25 million Coastal and Highlands in Central Vietnam population. It is also the primary training facility for the Huế University of Medicine and Pharmacy.

Huế University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Huế University of Medicine and Pharmacy (Vietnamese: Trường Đại học Y Dược, Đại học Huế) is a public university in Huế, Vietnam. It was founded on March 28, 1957. The university, classified as a national key university of Vietnam, is a member of Huế University system.
Michelle Lollie
Michelle L. J. Lollie (born 1982) is an American quantum optics and laser systems physicist.

She was the first African American woman to graduate with PhD in physics from the Louisiana State University in 2016. Her thesis focused on investigating classical and quantum optics in communication protocols. Lollie is now an advanced laser scientist at Quantinuum and her work contributes to the development of quantum computers.

Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light). It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons and their interaction with, for instance, atoms and molecules. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.
Ojos Negros, Teruel
Ojos Negros is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 531 inhabitants.

It is a mining town located close to Sierra Menera, a range much scarred by open-pit mining, part of the mountainous Iberian System area.

Unemployment hit Ojos Negros hard when mining activity in the nearby mountains ceased. Its population went from 3000 in the 20th century to 560 in 2010. During the Sierra Menera company mining times, between 1900 and 1987, most of the population lived in the Barrio Minero town closer to the mines. Now only about 40 people live there.

The town is located at the start of the Ojos Negros Greenway, which follows the route of the original mining railway to the town of Puerto de Sagunto in the Valencian Community.

Sagunto
Sagunto or Sagunt (officially: Sagunt / Sagunto, historically: Morvedre) is a city and municipality of Spain, located in the province of Valencia, Valencian Community. It belongs to the modern fertile comarca of Camp de Morvedre. It is located approximately 30 km (19 mi) north of Valencia city center and lies on the Costa de Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea.

It is best known for the remains of the ancient Iberian and Roman city of Saguntum. The siege of Saguntum in 219 BC was the trigger of the Second Punic War between the Carthaginians and the Romans.

The municipality includes three differentiated urban nuclei: Ciutat Vella (Sagunto), Grau Vell and Puerto de Sagunto. Over half of the population lives in the coastal settlement of Puerto de Sagunto.
Nigaz
Nigaz is an energy exploration and generation company operating throughout Nigeria, specializing in the construction of oil and gas refineries, pipelines, and gas power stations. It is a joint venture between the Russian gas company Gazprom EP International B.V. (100% affiliate of OAO Gazprom) and the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation.

It plans to invest 2.5 billion US Dollars to build oil and gas refineries, pipelines and gas power stations in Nigeria. In 2009, Russian president Dmitry Medvedev announced his intention to form a major energy partnership with Nigeria at a meeting in Abuja with Nigerian president Umaru Yar'Adua.

The company's name, a portmanteau of "Nigeria" and "Gazprom", attracted media attention because of its similarity to the potentially offensive word "niggaz", a plural form of "nigga", a slang derivative and reclaimed word from "nigger", in African American Vernacular English.

Reappropriation
In linguistics, reappropriation, reclamation, or resignification is the cultural process by which a group reclaims words or artifacts that were previously used in a way disparaging of that group. It is a specific form of a semantic change (i.e., change in a word's meaning). Linguistic reclamation can have wider implications in the fields of discourse and has been described in terms of personal or sociopolitical empowerment.
Para-shooting classification
Paralympic Shooting classification is the shooting classification in place for the Paralympic Games to help establish fair competition. Classification is governed by the International Paralympic Committee's IPC Shooting.  While there are currently three classifications, there were originally five in international competitions.  People with physical disabilities as defined by the International Paralympic Committee are eligible to compete.

Paralympics Australia
Paralympics Australia (PA) previously called the Australian Paralympic Committee (APC) (1998–2019) is the National Paralympic Committee in Australia for the Paralympic Games movement. It oversees the preparation and management of Australian teams that participate at the Summer Paralympics and the Winter Paralympics.

APC played a major role in Australia's successful bid to host the 2000 Sydney Paralympics. Between the 1996 to 2016 Summer Paralympics, Australia has finished in the top five nations on the medal tally. It is also a successful nation at the Winter Paralympics.
Energy in Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan had a total primary energy supply (TPES) of 48.28 Mtoe in 2012. Electricity consumption was 47.80 TWh.  The majority of primary energy came from fossil fuels, with natural gas, coal and oil the main sources. Hydroelectricity, the only significant renewable source in the country, accounted for about 2% of the primary energy supply. Natural gas is the source for 73.8% of electricity production, followed by hydroelectricity with 21.4%.

Uzbekistan will be the first country in Central Asia to develop and produce solar energy, by Uzbekenergo, a state owned energy company. The Samarqand Region was picked along with six other regions being inspected. The solar power plant is to have a capacity of 100 megawatts.

The Uzbek energy sector is characterized by extensive corruption and opaque networks of offshore companies owned by Uzbek and Russian political elites.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Semigorye
Semigorye (Russian: Семигорье) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Semigorye, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Vichugsky District of Ivanovo Oblast; 57°23′N 41°49′E﻿ / ﻿57.383°N 41.817°E﻿ / 57.383; 41.817

Semigorye, Vologda Oblast, a village in Kipelovsky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District in Vologda Oblast

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Ariège Pointer
The Ariège Pointer is a French breed of hunting dog of pointer type. It originates in the Ariège département of Occitanie, in south-western France. The breed name may be rendered in English as Ariège Pointing Dog or Braque de l'Ariège.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
Kosmos 1001
Kosmos 1001 (Russian: Космос 1001 meaning Cosmos 1001) was a redesigned Soviet Soyuz T spacecraft that was flown on an unmanned test in 1978.  The spacecraft was the upgraded Soyuz for Salyut 6 and Salyut 7. This Kosmos flight, launched from Baikonur, was the first orbital flight of the Soyuz T design. Several maneuvers were tested, however it failed to achieve all of its objectives and resulted in an early deorbit and landing

Soyuz-T
The Soyuz-T (Russian: Союз-T) was the third generation of the Soyuz spacecraft and operated from 1979 to 1986. The T designation stood for "transport" (Russian: транспортныйL, romanized: transportny), reflecting its primary role ferrying crews to and from space stations. The design was based on the second-generation Soyuz 7K-T and incorporated experience gained from the Military Soyuz program and the Soyuz 7K-TM used for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project.

Soyuz-T introduced several major improvements over earlier models. It was the first Soyuz to use solid-state electronics and featured an upgraded onboard computer intended to reduce the docking difficulties encountered on previous missions. Solar panels returned to the design, enabling autonomous flight for up to 11 days, and the spacecraft adopted a new propulsion system, the KTDU-426. Unlike preceding versions, Soyuz-T could carry three cosmonauts wearing pressure suits.
Cryptoforis montana
Cryptoforis montana is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Idiopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2021 by Australian arachnologists Jeremy Wilson, Robert Raven and Michael Rix. The specific epithet montana, from the Latin montanus (‘of mountains’), refers to the topography of the species’ range.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
County of Boondooma
The County of Boondooma is a county (a cadastral division) in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia. It was named and bounded by the Governor in Council on 7 March 1901 under the Land Act 1897.

Wide Bay–Burnett
25°25′0″S 152°42′0″E﻿ / ﻿25.41667°S 152.70000°E﻿ / -25.41667; 152.70000

Wide Bay–Burnett is a region of the Australian state of Queensland, located between 170–400 km (110–250 mi)  north of the state capital, Brisbane. The area's population growth has exceeded the state average over the past 20 years, and it is forecast to grow to more than 430,000 by 2031. It is the subject of the Draft Wide Bay–Burnett Regional Plan, which aims to facilitate this growth while protecting over 90% of the region from urban development.

Wide Bay was the name given by the early European explorer James Cook to a coastal indentation as he was sailing past Double Island Point. As the Port of Maryborough developed during the 19th century Wide Bay became well known as ships passed through the area before entering the Great Sandy Strait and the port.
153rd Punjabis
The 153rd Punjabis – also designated 153rd Rifles, see nomenclature (below) – was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army.  It was formed in Mesopotamia and Palestine in May 1918, saw service in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War, and was disbanded in June 1922.

Office of Public Sector Information
The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom. The OPSI is part of the National Archives of the United Kingdom and is responsible for Crown copyright.

The OPSI announced on 21 June 2006 that it was merging with the National Archives. The merger took place in October 2006. The OPSI continues to discharge its roles and responsibilities from within the structure of the National Archives.
IBM 2540
The IBM 2540 is a punched-card computer peripheral manufactured by IBM Corporation for use of System/360 and later computer systems. The 2540 was designed by IBM's Data Processing Division in Rochester, Minnesota, and was introduced in 1965.  The 2540 can read punched-cards at 1000 cards per minute (CPM) and punch at 300 CPM. The 2540 is based on the design of the older, slightly slower, 1402.

IBM 3505
The IBM 3505 is a reader for 80-column punched cards. It can read cards punched in EBCDIC or column binary at up to 1200 cards per minute (CPM). The IBM 3525 is a multi-function punched card device, capable of reading, punching, and printing on punched cards. The 3505 contains an integrated control unit that attaches to a System/370 byte multiplexer, selector, or block multiplexer channel. An optional feature of the 3505 allows the control unit to also control a 3525, although the two are separately-addressed devices.

The 3505/3525 units attach to a System/370 Model 135 and up, or to a System/360 Model 195.

The 3505 and 3525 were developed at the IBM General Systems Division in Rochester, Minnesota in 1971.