hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonard Boswell
Leonard Leroy Boswell (January 10, 1934 – August 17, 2018) was an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Iowa's 3rd congressional district from 1997 to 2013, a district based in Des Moines. A member of the Democratic Party, he was defeated for reelection in 2012 by 4th district incumbent Tom Latham, who decided to run against him after redistricting. Boswell left Congress in January 2013.

Iowa's 3rd congressional district
Iowa's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Iowa that covers its southwestern quadrant, which roughly consists of an area stretching from Des Moines to the borders with Missouri.

From 2013 to 2023, the district covered the southwestern corner of the state, from the Des Moines metropolitan area on the northeastern end to the greater Council Bluffs area on the southwestern end.

The district has been represented in the United States House of Representatives by Republican Zach Nunn since 2023. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+2, it is the least Republican leaning district of Iowa’s four congressional districts, a state currently represented in Congress only by Republicans. It is also the wealthiest congressional district in the state of Iowa.
Kaunas Art School
Kaunas School of Arts (Lithuanian: Kauno meno mokykla) was a public art school, which operated from 1922 to 1940 in Kaunas, Lithuania. At the time, it was the only operating art school in Lithuania. The institution continued to exist (under other names) in the Lithuanian SSR, as well as in modern Lithuania, after the restoration of Latvian independence.

In 1951 its location was moved to Ąžuolai Hill (now Pelėdų Hill).

Art school
An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on practice and related theory in the visual arts and design. This includes fine art – especially illustration, painting, contemporary art, sculpture, and graphic design.   They may be independent or operate within a larger institution, such as a university. Some may be associated with an art museum.

Art schools may be organized to offer elementary, secondary, post-secondary, undergraduate, or graduate programs, and can also offer a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). In the West there have been six major periods of art school curricula, and each one has had its own hand in developing modern institutions worldwide throughout all levels of education. Art schools also teach a variety of non-academic skills to many students.
Na'Shan Goddard
Na'Shan Goddard (born April 23, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the South Carolina Gamecocks. He was signed by the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He was the offensive line coach at South Carolina State, where he won three MEAC titles. He is now the offensive line coach at the University of West Georgia.

Goddard was a member of the New York Jets, Seattle Seahawks, New Orleans Saints, New York Giants, Florida Tuskers, Virginia Destroyers, and Calgary Stampeders.

South Carolina State Bulldogs football
The South Carolina State Bulldogs football team represents South Carolina State University in college football. The Bulldogs play in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) as a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC).

A historically dominant football program, the Bulldogs lead the MEAC in conference championships. The school has produced four players enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame including Harry Carson, Deacon Jones, Marion Motley, and Donnie Shell.  Other legendary Bulldog players include Robert Porcher, Shaquille Leonard, Barney Chavous, Charlie Brown and Orlando Brown Sr., Javon Hargrave, Decobie Durant, among others.

Former SC State Coach Willie Jeffries became the first African American Head Coach of a predominantly white Division I-A football program, when he was hired to coach the Wichita State football program in 1979.  Jeffries is enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame.
John Loone
John Arthur Loone (25 January 1931 – 3 August 2018) was an Australian politician. He was an Independent member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1989 to 2001, representing Tamar, Roland and finally Rowallan.

Loone was born in Deloraine. He was elected to the seat of Tamar in 1989, and held it until 1997, when it was renamed Roland. In 1999, Roland was abolished, and Loone was elected to the new seat of Rowallan, which he held until his retirement in 2001.

Electoral division of Roland
The Electoral division of Roland was an electoral division in the Tasmanian Legislative Council of Australia. It existed for two years from 1997 to 1999 and never faced an election. The seat was a renaming of the old seat of Tamar, which was then renamed Rowallan.
Naval Medical Center Camp Lejeune
Naval Medical Center Camp Lejeune is a Defense Health Agency facility that is located on Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina, USA.

Residing on one of the largest military installations on the East Coast, the hospital serves more than 150,000 active-duty military personnel, retirees, and family members alike.

In 2024, Anja Dabelić became the first female commander of Naval Medical Center Camp Lejeune.

Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (/ləˈʒɜːrn/ lə-ZHURN or /ləˈʒuːn/ lə-ZHOON) is a 246-square-mile (640 km2) United States military training facility in Jacksonville, North Carolina. Its 14 miles (23 km) of beaches make the base a major area for amphibious assault training, and its location between two deep-water ports (Wilmington and Morehead City) allows for fast deployments. The main base is supplemented by six satellite facilities: Marine Corps Air Station New River, Camp Geiger, Stone Bay, Courthouse Bay, Camp Johnson, and the Greater Sandy Run Training Area. The Marine Corps port facility is in Beaufort, at the southern tip of Radio Island (between the NC State Port in Morehead City, and the marine science laboratories on Pivers Island in Beaufort). It is occupied only during military port operations.
Mondovì
Mondovì (Italian pronunciation: [mondoˈvi]; Piedmontese: Ël Mondvì [əl mʊŋdˈvi], Latin: Mons Regalis) is a town and comune (township) in Piedmont, northern Italy, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Turin. The area around it is known as the Monregalese.

The town, located on the Monte Regale hill, is divided into several rioni (ancient quarters): Piazza (the most ancient), Breo, Pian della Valle, Carassone, Altipiano, Borgato and Rinchiuso, lower, next to the Ellero stream, developed from the 18th century when industries developed in Mondovì and when it was reached by the railway.

The Funicolare di Mondovì, a funicular railway reopened in 2006, links Breo with Piazza.

It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mondovì.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Ampasipotsy, Manakara
Ampasipotsy is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Manakara, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 6,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99.9% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are coffee and rice; also cassava is an important agricultural product. Services provide employment for 0.1% of the population.

Fitovinany
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people. The region border is based on the historical region of Matatana or Matitana.

It formerly belonged to the region Vatovavy-Fitovinany that was split on 16 June 2021 to become the regions Vatovavy and Fitovinany.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Vatovavy (North), Haute Matsiatra (West) and Atsimo-Atsinanana (South).
Wave interference
In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two coherent waves are combined by adding their intensities or displacements with due consideration for their phase difference. The resultant wave may have greater amplitude (constructive interference) or lower amplitude (destructive interference) if the two waves are in phase or out of phase, respectively.
Interference effects can be observed with all types of waves, for example, light, radio, acoustic, surface water waves, gravity waves, or matter waves as well as in loudspeakers as electrical waves.

Surface wave
In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media.  A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves.  Gravity waves can also occur within liquids, at the interface between two fluids with different densities.  Elastic surface waves can travel along the surface of solids, such as Rayleigh or Love waves.  Electromagnetic waves can also propagate as "surface waves" in that they can be guided along with a refractive index gradient or along an interface between two media having different dielectric constants. In radio transmission, a ground wave is a guided wave that propagates close to the surface of the Earth.
John Lyons (British politician)
John Lyons (born 11 July 1949) is a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.

At the 2001 general election, he was elected to the House of Commons as the member of parliament for Strathkelvin and Bearsden.

Following the reduction in Scottish constituencies in the House of Commons under the Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004, that constituency was abolished for the 2005 general election. Lyons stood at the new East Dunbartonshire seat, where he lost to the future Liberal Democrat leader, Jo Swinson.

Following his defeat, he became a consultant on trade unions for FirstGroup.

Before his election to Parliament in 2001, he had worked as a UNISON official.

Lyons consistently voted against and opposed the invasion of Iraq in 2003.

Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004
The Scottish Parliament (Constituencies) Act 2004 (c. 13) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which severed the link between Scottish Parliament constituencies and Scottish Westminster constituencies.
Michael Baum (surgeon)
Michael Baum (born 1937), Professor Emeritus of Surgery and visiting Professor of Medical Humanities in University College London (UCL), is a British surgical oncologist who specialises in breast cancer treatment. He is also known for his contributions to the evaluation and support of patient quality of life. He has been Professor of Surgery in King's College London, the Royal Marsden Hospital and UCL. He is a notable critic of alternative medicine. Baum began his career in Israel and has played a major role in promoting links between Israel and the UK in the field of breast cancer research.

Royal Marsden Hospital
The Royal Marsden Hospital is a specialist National Health Service oncology hospital in London based at two sites in Brompton, in Kensington and Chelsea, and Belmont in Sutton. It is managed by The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and supported by The Royal Marsden Cancer Charity.

In addition to providing cancer diagnosis, treatment and care, The Royal Marsden is a major centre for cancer research and teaching. It has a close affiliation with the Institute of Cancer Research, which originated as the hospital's research department and is located alongside the hospital in Brompton and Belmont. Through its subsidiary The Royal Marsden School, it offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in cancer care validated by the University of East Anglia.
Tomoe Hvas
Tomoe Zenimoto Hvas (born 1 June 2000) is a Norwegian swimmer. He competed in the men's 50 metre butterfly at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships. He comes from Bærum, and has a Norwegian father and Japanese mother; also residing in Japan from 2007 to 2010.
In 2022, he retired from swimming competitions at only 22 years old, holding 18 Norwegian national records.

Swimming at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 50 metre butterfly
The Men's 50 metre butterfly competition at the 2019 World Championships was held on 21 and 22 July 2019. The defending champion Ben Proud finished 7th in the final. The winner, Caeleb Dressel, set a competition record in the final, winning in 22.35 seconds.
Artur Naifonov
Artur Naifonov (Russian: Артур Эдикович Найфонов, IPA: [ɐrˈtur nɐɪ̯ˈfonəf], Ossetian: Найфонты Эдичы фырт Артур; born 10 May 1997) is a Russian freestyle wrestler, who competes at 86 kilograms. Naifonov is an Olympic Games medalist, World Championship medalist, three-time European Continental champion and a three-time Russian National champion (four-time finalist).

Naifonov is a survivor of the 2004 Beslan school siege along with his sister, both receiving shrapnel wounds. His mother was killed in crossfire.

Ossetian language
Ossetian (/ɒˈsɛtiən/ o-SET-ee-ən, /ɒˈsiːʃən/ o-SEE-shən, /oʊˈsiːʃən/ oh-SEE-shən), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete, is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Russian-Georgian border in the Greater Caucasus region. It is the native language of the Ossetian people, and a relative and possibly a descendant of the extinct Scythian, Sarmatian, and Alanic languages.

The northern half of the Ossetian region is part of Russia and is known as North Ossetia–Alania, while the southern half is part of the de facto country of South Ossetia (recognized by the United Nations as Russian-occupied territory that is de jure part of Georgia). Ossetian-speakers number about 614,350, with 451,000 recorded in Russia per the 2010 Russian census.

Despite Ossetian being the official languages of both North and South Ossetia, since 2009 UNESCO has listed Ossetian as "vulnerable".
Rhonda Stroud
Rhonda M. Stroud (born 1971) is a materials physicist and planetary scientist at Arizona State University, where she serves as Director of the Buseck Center for Meteorite Studies.  From 1998- 2022, she was a Research Physicist at the United States Naval Research Laboratory, where she led the Nanoscale Materials Section. She is known for her research on nanostructures, including quasicrystals and aerogel, and on the materials that make up comets and cosmic dust. She pioneered the use of focused ion beam technology in the study of meteorites.

Focused ion beam
Focused ion beam, also known as FIB, is a technique used particularly in the semiconductor industry, materials science and increasingly in the biological field for site-specific analysis, deposition, and ablation of materials. A FIB setup is a scientific instrument that resembles a scanning electron microscope (SEM). However, while the SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to image the sample in the chamber, a FIB setup uses a focused beam of ions instead. FIB can also be incorporated in a system with both electron and ion beam columns, allowing the same feature to be investigated using either of the beams. FIB should not be confused with using a beam of focused ions for direct write lithography (such as in proton beam writing). These are generally quite different systems where the material is modified by other mechanisms.
Laurence Parsons (priest)
Christianity portal

Laurence Edmund Parsons was an eminent Anglican clergyman in the 20th century.He was born on 22 July 1883 and educated at Winchester, Christ Church and Cuddesdon. Ordained in 1908, he  initially held curacies at St Bartholomew's, Leeds. then Chaplain to the Bishop of Southwark before becoming a missionary in Shandong. Later he was Vicar of Chippenham then Dean of Cape Town. After this he was  Director  of the South African Church Institute then General Secretary of the SPCK until his retirement in 1954. He died on 17 December 1972

Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge
The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK) is a UK-based Christian charity. Founded in 1698 by Thomas Bray, it has worked for over 300 years to increase awareness of the Christian faith in the UK and worldwide.

The SPCK is the oldest Anglican mission organisation in the world, though it is now more ecumenical in outlook and publishes books for a wide range of Christian denominations. It is currently the third-oldest independent publisher and the leading publisher of Christian books in the United Kingdom.
Könsrock
Könsrock (Swedish for Genitalia rock) is a Swedish music genre characterized by off-color humor, dealing with subjects such as handicapped people, disorders and diseases, homosexuality, and Nazism, often with strong elements of toilet humor.

The term könsrock was coined by music journalists to describe the genre after it had existed for a couple of decades, and has in general not been used by the artists themselves.

Toilet humour
Toilet humour is a type of off-colour humour dealing with: defecation (including diarrhea and constipation), in which case it is called scatological humour (compare scatology); urination; flatulence, in which case it is called flatulence humor; or, to a lesser extent, vomiting and other bodily functions.

Toilet humour is commonly an interest of toddlers and young children, for whom cultural taboos related to acknowledgement of waste excretion still have a degree of novelty. The humour comes from the rejection of such taboos, and is a part of modern culture.
Mexican Federal Highway 162
Federal Highway 162 (Carretera Federal 162) is a Federal Highway of Mexico. The highway travels from Tepoztlán, Morelos in the east to Cuernavaca in the west. In Tepoztlán, the highway continues south to Yautepec as a Morelos state highway. Federal Highway 162 is an important connector route from Cuernavaca to El Tepozteco National Park and Tepoztlán, itself a popular tourist destination in Morelos that is an official Pueblo Mágico as designated by the federal government.

Tepoztlán
Tepoztlán (Spanish: [tepos'tlan] ⓘ) is a town in the central Mexican state of Morelos. It is located at 18°59′07″N 99°05′59″W﻿ / ﻿18.98528°N 99.09972°W﻿ / 18.98528; -99.09972 in the heart of the Tepoztlán Valley. The town serves as the seat of government for the municipality of the same name.  The town had a population of 14,130 inhabitants, while the municipality reported 41,629 inhabitants in the 2010 national census.

The town is a popular tourist destination near Mexico City. The town is famous for the remains of El Tepozteco temple built on top of the nearby Tepozteco Mountain, as well as for the exotic ice cream flavors prepared by the townspeople.

Tepoztlán was named a "Pueblo Mágico" (or magic town) in 2002 but its title was removed in 2009 for failure to maintain the requirements. In 2010, Tepoztlán addressed these problems and recovered the Pueblo Mágico title.
Kirui Island
Kirui Island officially,  Kirui Island Marine Reserve (Kisiwa cha Hifadhi Akiba cha Kirui, in Swahili) is a protected, uninhabited island in the Pemba Channel under the Tanga Marine Reserves (TMRS) with the IUCN category II located within Mkinga District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The Island is the largest in Tanga and one of the largest protected marine Islands in Tanzania  Mangroves are thought to cover 680 ha (ha) of the island of Kirui, with the largest mangrove area (557 ha) being on the north and west sides, Kigomeni mangrove (60 ha) being on the east coast, and Kirui South Mangrove (63 ha) being on the south.

Tanga Region
Tanga Region (Swahili: Mkoa wa Tanga) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 26,667 km2 (10,296 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Burundi. The regional capital is the municipality of Tanga city. Located in northeast Tanzania, the region is bordered by Kenya and Kilimanjaro Region to the north; Manyara Region to the west; and Morogoro and Pwani Regions to the south. It has a coastline to the east with the Indian Ocean. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,615,597.
Jefferson Byrd
Jefferson L. Byrd (born June 16, 1971) is an American politician from New Mexico. He was an elected member of the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission from the 2nd district, which covers Chaves, Colfax, Curry, De Baca, Eddy, Guadalupe, Harding, Lea, Quay, Roosevelt, and Union Counties, and parts of Bernalillo, Lincoln, Mora, Otero, San Miguel, Santa Fe, and Torrance Counties.

Quay County, New Mexico
Quay County (/ˈkweɪ/) is a county in the state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 8,746. Its county seat is Tucumcari. The county was named for Pennsylvania senator Matthew Quay, who supported statehood for New Mexico. Its eastern border is the Texas state line, approximately 103.04 degrees west longitude.
Moisés Benzaquén Rengifo Airport
Moisés Benzaquén Rengifo Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Moisés Benzaquén Rengifo) (IATA: YMS, ICAO: SPMS) is a public  airport serving Yurimaguas, a town on the Huallaga River in the Loreto Region of Peru. It is owned and operated by CORPAC S.A., a civil government agency. It was established in 1937.

The airport receives daily scheduled flights from Iquitos and Tarapoto operated by the Peruvian Air Force in an agreement with private operator SkyWay.

Huallaga River
The Huallaga River is a tributary of the Marañón River, part of the Amazon Basin. Old names for this river include Guallaga and Rio de los Motilones. The Huallaga is born on the slopes of the Andes in central Peru and joins the Marañón before the latter reaches the Ucayali River to form the Amazon. Its main affluents are the Monzón, Mayo, Biabo, Abiseo and Tocache rivers. Coca is grown in most of those valleys, which are also exposed to periodic floods.
Formica (plastic)
Formica Laminate is a composite material invented at the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in the United States in 1912. Originally used to replace mica in electrical applications, it has since been manufactured for multiple applications. It has been produced by Formica Group manufacturing sites across the globe since.  Formica Group are best known for the company's classic product: a heat-resistant, wipe-clean laminate of paper with melamine resin.

The mineral mica was commonly used at that time for electrical insulation. Because the new product acted as a substitute "for mica", the inventors used the name Formica as a trademark. The word already existed as the scientific name for wood ants, from which formic acid and the derivative formaldehyde compound used in the resin were first isolated.

Formic acid
Formic acid (from Latin  formica 'ant'), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid. It has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure H−C(=O)−O−H. This acid is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants. Esters, salts, and the anion derived from formic acid are called formates. Industrially, formic acid is produced from carbon monoxide.