hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Altonji
Joseph Gerard Altonji (born 1953) is an American economist and the Thomas DeWitt Cuyler Professor of Economics at Yale University. His fields of interest include macroeconomics and applied econometrics and in particular labour economics, being ranked as one of the foremost labour economists worldwide. In 2018, his contributions to the analysis of labour supply, family economics and discrimination were rewarded with the IZA Prize in Labor Economics.

IZA Prize in Labor Economics
The IZA Prize in Labor Economics (2002–2020) was a prestigious award in the field of labor economics. The Institute for the Study of Labor  awarded a prize each year (from 2016 on every two years in turn with the IZA Young Labor Economist Award) for outstanding academic achievement in the field of labor economics.

The IZA Prize in Labor Economics was the only international science prize awarded exclusively to labor economists was considered the most important award in labor economics worldwide. The prize was awarded through a nomination process and decided upon by the IZA Prize Committee, which consisted of internationally renowned labor economists.

As a part of the prize, IZA Prize Laureates contributed a volume as an overview of their most significant findings to the IZA Prize in Labor Economics Series published by Oxford University Press.
Jim Karsatos
Jim Karsatos (May 26, 1963 – February 8, 2025) was an American college football player who was a starter at quarterback for two years with the Ohio State Buckeyes. He was of Greek-American origin from the island of Kefalonia. He is one of two football players from the Greek island of Kefalonia that played at Sunny Hills High School in Fullerton, California (Robert Evangelatos Oliver, a star running back in the mid-1990s, also attended Sunny Hills).

Karsatos was selected in the 1987 NFL draft by the Miami Dolphins. He spent two years with the Dolphins.

Karsatos died on February 8, 2025, at the age of 61.

Cephalonia
Kefalonia or Cephalonia (Greek: Κεφαλονιά [kefaloˈɲa]), formerly also known as Kefallinia or Kephallenia (Κεφαλληνία), is the largest of the Ionian Islands in western Greece and the 6th-largest island in Greece after Crete, Euboea, Lesbos, Rhodes and Chios. It is also a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region. It was a former Latin Catholic diocese Kefalonia–Zakynthos (Cefalonia–Zante) and short-lived titular see as just Kefalonia. The largest cities of Cephalonia are Argostoli and Lixouri.
Janis Sarra
Janis P. Sarra is a Canadian lawyer, currently the UBC Distinguished Professor of Law and founding Director of the Director of the National Centre for Business Law at the Peter A. Allard School of Law, University of British Columbia (UBC), and also a published author. She was previously the UBC's Director of the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies, the university's Senator from 2003 to 2008, and also, until 2007, the Allard School of Law's Associate Dean.

Peter A. Allard School of Law
The Peter A. Allard School of Law (abbreviated as Allard Law) is the law school of the University of British Columbia. The faculty offers the Juris Doctor degree. The faculty features courses on business law, tax law, environmental and natural resource law, indigenous law, Pacific Rim issues, and feminist legal theory.

It was renamed from the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law in 2015 to honour a $30,000,000 gift from Peter Allard, an alumnus, which followed a 2011 gift from him of about $12,000,000.
Dayton Children's Hospital
Dayton Children's Hospital stylized as Dayton Children's formerly The Children's Medical Center of Dayton is a pediatric acute care children's teaching hospital located in Dayton, Ohio. The hospital has 181 pediatric beds and is affiliated the Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University. The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21 throughout western Ohio and the surrounding states. Dayton Children's Hospital is also an ACS verified Level 1 Pediatric Trauma Center.

In 2003, the hospital was ranked one of America's top 25 children's hospitals by Child (magazine). The hospital is staffed with more than 1400 full-time employees, 300 part-time employees, and nearly 250 physicians. Dayton Children's Hospital is currently the only pediatric hospital in the Dayton region.

Dayton Children's Hospital is also partnered with Kohl's a Minute for Kids.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Middlestone
Middlestone is a village and former civil parish in the County Durham district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. It is situated to the south of Spennymoor, near Kirk Merrington. In the 2001 census Middlestone had a population of 67.

County Durham (district)
County Durham is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It is governed by Durham County Council. The district has an area of 2,226 square kilometres (859 sq mi), and contains 135 civil parishes. It forms part of the larger ceremonial county of Durham, together with boroughs of Darlington, Hartlepool, and the part of Stockton-on-Tees north of the River Tees.
Trivialism
Trivialism is the logical theory that all statements (also known as propositions) are true and, consequently, that all contradictions of the form "p and not p" (e.g. the ball is red and not red) are true. In accordance with this, a trivialist is a person who believes everything is true.

In classical logic, trivialism follows from a violation of the law of noncontradiction due to the principle of explosion. In philosophy, trivialism is considered by some to be the complete opposite of skepticism. Paraconsistent logics may use "the law of non-triviality" to abstain from trivialism in logical practices that involve true contradictions.

Theoretical arguments and anecdotes have been offered for trivialism to contrast it with theories such as modal realism, dialetheism and paraconsistent logics.

Contradiction
In traditional logic, a contradiction involves a proposition conflicting either with itself or established fact. It is often used as a tool to detect disingenuous beliefs and bias. Illustrating a general tendency in applied logic, The law of noncontradiction states that "It is impossible that the same thing can at the same time both belong and not belong to the same object and in the same respect."

In modern formal logic and type theory, the term is mainly used instead for a single proposition, often denoted by the falsum symbol ; a proposition is a contradiction if false can be derived from it, using the rules of the logic. It is a proposition that is unconditionally false (i.e., a self-contradictory proposition). This can be generalized to a collection of propositions, which is then said to "contain" a contradiction.
Sartin
Sartin is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Dan Sartin (born 1946), American footballer

David Sartin (born 1975), American football coach

Paul Sartin (1971–2022), English singer, instrumentalist etc.

Paul Sartin
Paul Sartin (20 February 1971 – 14 September 2022) was an English singer, instrumentalist, composer and arranger, specialising in oboe and violin. He was best known for his work with the folk band Bellowhead, but also played with three-piece Faustus and the folk/comedy duo Belshazzar's Feast.
Shin Sandalinka
Shin Sandalinka (Burmese: ရှင်စန္ဒလင်္ကာ, Pali: Candalaṅkā; pronounced [ʃɪ̀ɴ sàɴda̰lɪ̀ɴgà]) was an 18th-century Burmese Buddhist monk, who wrote the influential court treatise Mani Yadanabon in 1781. He held a high religious title, Zinalinkara Maha Dhammayazaguru (ဇိနလင်္ကာရ မဟာ ဓမ္မရာဇဂုရု, Pali: Jinalankāra Mahā Dhammarājaguru), bestowed by King Singu. He compiled the Mani Yadanabon from various sources, chiefly the late 14th to 15th century Zabu Kun-Cha treatise. His treatise was one of the four books to be machine-published by the Konbaung government in 1871.

Singu Min
Singu Min (Burmese: စဉ့်ကူးမင်း, pronounced [sɪ̰ɰ̃ɡú mɪ́ɰ̃]; 10 May 1756 – 14 February 1782) was the fourth king of the Konbaung dynasty of Myanmar.

The King, who came to power amid controversy, largely put an end to his father Hsinbyushin's policy of territorial expansion, which had severely depleted the kingdom's manpower and resources. He stopped his father's latest war against Siam at his accession, effectively ceding Lan Na to the Siamese. Likewise, he took no action when the Laotian states stopped paying tribute in 1778. The only campaigns were in Manipur, where the Burmese army was forced to put down four rebellions during his reign.

The king is best remembered for the 22,952-kilogram (50,600 lb) Maha Ganda Bell, which he donated in 1779. Singu was overthrown on 6 February 1782 by his cousin Phaungka and was executed by his uncle Bodawpaya eight days later.
Joe Marty
Joseph Anton Marty (September 1, 1913 – October 4, 1984) was an American professional baseball centerfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1937 to 1941 for the Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies.

Center fielder
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball and softball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.
Nice tramway (1879–1953)
Trams in Nice was the first-generation tramway system serving the city of Nice, France, which operated from 27 February 1879 to 10 January 1953.

The creation of the Compagnie des Tramways de Nice et du Littoral (TNL) was encouraged by the rapid rise in population of Nice and surrounding towns and villages.

The TNL's aim was to build a network linking Nice to several towns along the coast on a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge network. Its lines included:

Cagnes-sur-Mer – Nice – Beaulieu – Monte Carlo – Menton

Nice's urban tram network.

Beaulieu-sur-Mer
Beaulieu-sur-Mer (French: [boljø syʁ mɛʁ]; Occitan: Bèuluec de Mar; Italian: Belluogo, formerly), or simply Beaulieu, is a seaside commune on the French Riviera between Nice and the Principality of Monaco. Located in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, it borders the communes of Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat and Villefranche-sur-Mer, not far from Èze to the northeast. Its inhabitants are called Berlugans (masculine) and Berluganes (feminine). In French, its name translates into "Beautiful Place on Sea".
State of the Onion
State of the Onion is a book written by Julie Hyzy and published by Berkley Books (owned by Penguin Group) on 2 January 2008, which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best Paperback Original in 2009.

Penguin Group
Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. The new company was created by a merger that was finalised on 1 July 2013, with Bertelsmann initially owning 53% of the joint venture, and Pearson PLC initially owning the remaining 47%. Since 18 December 2019, Penguin Random House has been wholly owned by Bertelsmann.

Penguin Books has its registered office in the City of Westminster, London.

Its British division is Penguin Books Ltd. Other separate divisions are located in the United States, Ireland, New Zealand, India, Australia, Canada, China, Brazil and South Africa.
Mezhathol Agnihothri
Mezhathol Agnihothri is a figure in the folklore of Kerala who is credited for supposedly reviving the ancient Shrauta traditions in Kerala, India, in around the mid-first millennium CE. At that time, Buddhism and Jainism had eroded Hinduism in India. Mezhathol rejuvenated the ancient customs by performing 99 yagas. The Shrauta traditions still remain intact in Kerala today, maintained by the rigidly orthodox Nambudiri Brahmins.

Śrauta
Śrauta (Sanskrit: श्रौत) is a Sanskrit word that means "belonging to śruti", that is, anything based on the Vedas of Hinduism. It is an adjective and prefix for texts, ceremonies or person associated with śruti. The term, for example, refers to Brahmins who specialise in the śruti corpus of texts, and Śrauta Brahmin traditions in modern times can be seen in Kerala and Coastal Andhra.
Toland's Prairie, Wisconsin
Toland's Prairie or Toland Prairie, later Toland, was a rural unincorporated community in Erin township in Washington County, Wisconsin, United States, near the Dodge County line, northwest of Alderley and east of Monches, around the intersection of Clare Lane and Roosevelt Road (Sections 19, 20, 19 and 30). It was named after pioneer farmer and politician Patrick Toland. There was a Toland's Prairie post office from 1846 to 1883; in 1865 the postmaster was John Toland. In 1883 the name was changed, and the  Toland post office operated just across the county line in Ashippun from 1883 to 1900.

Ashippun, Wisconsin
Ashippun is a town in Dodge County, Wisconsin, United States. The unincorporated communities of Alderley, Ashippun, and Old Ashippun are located in the town. The population was 2,308 at the 2000 census.
Hallonbergen
Hallonbergen (lit. 'the Raspberry Mountains') is a suburb of Stockholm, Sweden.

Hallonbergen, which has about 5,400 inhabitants, located in Sundbyberg Municipality in the north west of Stockholm, is a fairly typical 1960-1970s area of dense Million Programme housing in the style of multi-level concrete apartment buildings. Hallonbergen itself was built in the 1970s. Hallonbergen has a large population of immigrants; 67% of the population are born in foreign countries (as of 2010). Many of them come from Lebanon, Syria and Eritrea. But there are also many eastern European immigrants.

The metro station, which is located on the Blue line (Akalla branch) of the Stockholm Metro, was opened in 1975.

Akalla
Akalla is a district (Swedish: stadsdel) in Rinkeby-Kista borough, Stockholm, Sweden. Akalla has a population of roughly 9,100 as of 2018, in which immigrants, mostly from Asia and Africa, make up 60.4% of the population.

Akalla is located on the blue metro line. Modern Akalla, with its concrete apartment buildings, as well as smaller houses, was constructed in the mid-1970s as a part of the Million Programme. The suburb is built close to, and named after an old farm from the 17th century. The name of Akalla is known from 1323. Between 1905 and 1970, the area was used by the Swedish Army as training grounds. The street names in Akalla are Finland related. The main street is called Sibeliusgången, in honour of the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, and it is reserved for pedestrians only.

Right outside Akalla is Barkarby Airport, until its closure in 2010 Sweden's oldest active airport.
Starkie
Starkie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enid Starkie (1897–1970), Irish literary critic

Martin Starkie (1922–2010), English actor, writer, and director

Richard Starkie, British doctor

Thomas Starkie (1782–1849), English lawyer and jurist

Walter Starkie (1894–1976), Irish scholar, Hispanist, author, and musician

Thomas Starkie
Thomas Starkie (2 January 1782 – 15 April 1849) was an English lawyer and jurist. A talented mathematician in his youth, he especially contributed to the unsuccessful attempts to codify the English criminal law in the nineteenth century.
Castle Walk Footbridge
52°42′45″N 2°44′38″W﻿ / ﻿52.71250°N 2.74389°W﻿ / 52.71250; -2.74389

Castle Walk Footbridge spans the River Severn in Shrewsbury, England, and was the first prestressed concrete bridge in Shropshire.

The footbridge was completed in November 1951, and built using balanced cantilever construction, with two cantilever sections and a central suspended span. The total central span is 150 ft. It was designed by L.G. Mouchel and Partners and built by Taylor Woodrow.

It links the Castlefields area of the town to the northwest with the Cherry Orchard/Underdale part of town to the southeast.

Mouchel
Mouchel Group, originally known as L. G. Mouchel & Partners Ltd, was an infrastructure and business services company headquartered in Woking, United Kingdom. It provided advisory, design, project delivery and managed services associated with infrastructure and business services across the highways and transportation, local government, emergency services, property, health, education and utility markets across the world.

In June 2015 Mouchel was purchased by Kier Group for £265 million. This included both the Mouchel Infrastructure Services and Mouchel Business Services divisions. Subsequently, Mouchel Infrastructure Services was rebranded as Mouchel Consulting, with the Business Services sector falling under the Kier brand. Grant Rumbles stepped down as CEO with Haydn Mursell, CEO of Kier Group, assuming the role.  Kier sold Mouchel Consulting to WSP Global in October 2016 and the Mouchel name was dropped.
Timbavati Private Nature Reserve
Timbavati Private Nature Reserve is a nature reserve on the western edge of Kruger National Park in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. It was established in 1956 by like-minded game farmers with the creation of the Timbavati Association. The association has 50 members and covers 534 km2 (206 sq mi). Timbavati Private Nature Reserve harbours many animals among which the Big Five as well as numerous antelope species.

Big Five game
In Africa, the Big Five game animals are the lion, leopard, rhinoceros, elephant, and African buffalo. The term was coined by big-game hunters to refer to the five most difficult animals in Africa to hunt on foot, but is now more widely used by game viewing tourists and safari tour operators. They are examples of charismatic megafauna, featuring prominently in popular culture, and are among the most famous of Africa's large animals.

The 1990 and later releases of South African rand banknotes feature a different big-five animal on each denomination. Countries where all can be found include Angola, Botswana, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Eswatini, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Ultimate Teacher
Ultimate Teacher (Japanese: 最終教師, Hepburn: Saishuu Kyoushi) is a 1981 Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Atsuji Yamamoto. A 1988 OVA directed by Toyoo Ashida was produced by J.C.Staff. It was released on February 6, 1988, and was released in English by Manga Entertainment and Central Park Media.

Manga Entertainment
Manga Entertainment was a producer, licensee, and distributor of anime in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the United States, and Australia. Originally founded in the UK in 1991, the UK branch became Crunchyroll UK and Ireland, also currently known as Crunchyroll Ltd. since 2022, while its U.S. branch was absorbed into Starz Inc. (now owned by Lionsgate).

Despite its name, the company's principal business was the distribution of anime rather than manga, although they published some manga (such as Crying Freeman) under the Manga Books imprint.
L-glycol dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a L-glycol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.185) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

an L-glycol + NAD(P)+  a 2-hydroxycarbonyl compound + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-glycol, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are 2-hydroxycarbonyl compound, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-glycol:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include glycol (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate)), dehydrogenase, L-(+)-glycol:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase, and L-glycol:NAD(P)+ dehydrogenase.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Rosenwald Building
The Rosenwald Building is a historic building located in Downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico. Designed by Henry Trost of the El Paso firm of Trost & Trost and built in 1910, it was the first reinforced concrete building in the city. It is a massive three-story building with a two-story recessed entrance and simple geometric ornamentation. The building was added to the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties and the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Originally the entire 42,000-square-foot building was occupied by Aron and Edward Rosenwald's flagship department store, which was praised by the Albuquerque Journal as "the handsomest, most up-to-date, and most complete department store in the southwest" upon opening. McLellan Stores moved into the ground floor in 1927, remaining there for about 50 years. The Rosenwald Building was renovated in 1981 and the upper floors were converted to office space. The city of Albuquerque bought two floors of the building in 2008.

William Walker McLellan
William Walker McLellan (1873–April 11, 1960) was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He came to the United States at the end of the nineteenth century and began working at a department store in Newark, New Jersey. He became a manager of the first S. H. Kress store in Memphis, Tennessee, and then joined McCrory Stores as a vice president. In 1917 he founded McLellan Stores, a chain of five and dimes, which grew to 200 stores by 1933. He lost control of the company during the Great Depression to United Stores Corporation and left soon thereafter. He then founded the W. W. Mac Company, a chain that he built to 70 stores at the time of his death. His wife was Margueritta S. McLellan, who died in 1954.

His McLellan Stores merged with McCrory Stores in 1958.
The Electric State
The Electric State (Swedish: Passagen, lit. 'The Passage') is a 2018 dystopian science fiction illustrated novel by Swedish artist Simon Stålenhag. Set in an alternate technologically ravaged 1990s, it follows a teenage girl and her robot on a journey to the West Coast of the United States in search of her long-lost brother.

In 2017, the Russo brothers acquired film rights to the book. They directed and produced a film adaptation for Netflix, released in 2025. Tabletop game publisher Free League Publishing ran a successful Kickstarter for a game version of the book in 2023, releasing the game in 2025.

Free League Publishing
Free League Publishing (Swedish: Fria Ligan) is a game studio and publisher based in Stockholm, Sweden, formed in 2011. The company designs and publishes tabletop role-playing games, board games, and books based on licensed properties and independent works. Their games include Dragonbane, Alien: The Roleplaying Game, Vaesen, Forbidden Lands, Invincible--Superhero Roleplaying, and Mörk Borg.