hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homelessness in New Zealand
Homelessness in New Zealand has been linked to the general issue of lack of suitable housing. The homeless population is generally measured through the country's census and by universities and other academic centres. According to the 2023 Census severe housing deprivation estimates released by Stats NZ in December 2024, approximately 112,496 people, or 2.3% of the population, were severely housing deprived. This represented an increase from the 2018 estimate of 99,462 individuals, or 2.1% of the population.

New Zealand census
The New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings (Māori: Te Tatauranga o ngā Tāngata Huri Noa i Aotearoa me ō rātou Whare Noho) is a national population and housing census conducted by Statistics New Zealand, a government department, every five years. There have been 34 censuses since 1851. In addition to providing detailed information about national demographics, the results of the census play an important part in the calculation of resource allocation to local service providers.

The 2023 census held on 7 March 2023 was the most recent, with the results being released from 29 May 2024 to August 2025.
Richard Hatt
Richard Hatt (September 10, 1769 – September 26, 1819) was a businessman, judge and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in London, England, in 1769 and came to Upper Canada in 1792. He originally started business as a merchant at Niagara but later moved to Ancaster, where he opened a store and built a grist mill. In 1800, he set up a number of enterprises known as the Dundas Mills north of Cootes Paradise; a settlement grew up around these industries. In the same year, he was named justice of the peace. During the War of 1812, he served as a major in the local militia. After the war, he was appointed judge in the court for the Gore District. He also owned the Upper Canada Phoenix, a newspaper. In 1817, he was elected to the 7th Parliament of Upper Canada in a by-election. He died in Dundas in 1819, while still in office.

Gore District, Upper Canada
The Gore District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was formed in 1816 from parts of York County in the Home District and parts of the Niagara District. The district town was Hamilton.

Two new counties were created:

Wentworth

Halton

In 1838, parts of Halton County and parts of Home and Huron Districts were separated to form a new Wellington District.

In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Wentworth and Halton, which were separated again in 1854.
Ward McLanahan
Craig Ward McLanahan (January 15, 1883 – December 11, 1974) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

In 1904 he finished fourth in pole vault competition. He also participated in the 110 metre hurdles event but was eliminated in the first round.

He was born in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Theobald M. Burns
Theobald Matthew Burns (June 1862 – February 21, 1926) was a lumber merchant and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Gloucester County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1899 to 1908 as a Conservative member.

He was born of Irish parents and educated in Chatham, New Brunswick. Burns ran unsuccessfully in the federal Gloucester riding in 1908 and 1911, losing to Onésiphore Turgeon each time. In 1912, he married Ethel White.

Burns was in 1895 a principal of the re-formed Adams, Burns and Company, a successor upon bankruptcy of the St. Lawrence Lumber Company.

Over the period from April 1919 to April 1921 he was Mayor of Bathurst, New Brunswick.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Breakwater Island
Breakwater Island (64°47′S 63°13′W﻿ / ﻿64.783°S 63.217°W﻿ / -64.783; -63.217) is a small island in the Palmer Archipelago with a line of rocks extending in a southwest arc from it, lying opposite Nipple Peak, 0.3 nautical miles (0.6 km) off the east side of Wiencke Island. The descriptive name, suggestive of an artificial breakwater, was given by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1944.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Ipswich Borough Council
Ipswich Borough Council is the local authority for Ipswich, a non-metropolitan district with borough status in Suffolk, England. It is the second tier of a two-tier system, fulfilling functions such as refuse collection, housing and planning, with Suffolk County Council providing county council services such as transport, education and social services.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Ipswich Town Hall and has its main offices at Grafton House.

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.
1998 Connecticut Secretary of the State election
The 1998 Connecticut Secretary of the State election took place on November 3, 1998, to elect the Secretary of the State of Connecticut. Incumbent Democrat Miles S. Rapoport did not seek re-election to a second term, instead opting to run for the open CT-01 seat in the U.S. House of Representatives.

Democratic nominee and state representative from the 100th district Susan Bysiewicz defeated Republican nominee Ben Andrews.

Connecticut's 1st congressional district
Connecticut's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Connecticut. Located in the north-central part of the state, the district is anchored by the state capital of Hartford. It encompasses much of central Connecticut and includes towns within Hartford, Litchfield, and Middlesex counties.

Principal cities include: Bristol, Hartford, and Torrington. The district has been represented by Democrat John B. Larson since 1999.
Craig Heller (writer)
Craig Heller is an American television soap opera script writer. Heller has worked as a scriptwriter on the following series:

As the World Turns (2001–2004)

Full House

General Hospital

Guiding Light (1997–2000; 2004–2005)

Happy Days

Jailbirds

Return to Green Acres

Full House
Full House is an American television sitcom created by Jeff Franklin for ABC. The show is about the recently widowed father Danny Tanner who enlists his brother-in-law Jesse Katsopolis and childhood best friend Joey Gladstone to help raise his three daughters, D.J., Stephanie, and Michelle, in his San Francisco home. It originally aired from September 22, 1987, to May 23, 1995, with a total of eight seasons consisting of 192 episodes.

While never a critical success, the series was consistently in the Nielsen Top 30 (from season two onward) and continues to have an audience in syndicated reruns, and is also aired internationally. One of the producers, Dennis Rinsler, called the show "The Brady Bunch of the 1990s". For actor Dave Coulier, the show represented a "G-rated dysfunctional family".

A sequel series, Fuller House, premiered on Netflix in February 2016 and ran for five seasons, concluding in June 2020.
The Great Australian Bake Off season 3
The third season of The Great Australian Bake Off premiered on 11 October 2016 on the LifeStyle Food network, and saw 12 home bakers take part in a bake-off to test their baking skills as they battled to be crowned The Great Australian Bake Off's best amateur baker. The season consisted of 10 episodes. Each episode saw bakers put through three challenges, with each episode having its own theme or discipline. The season aired from 11 October 2016 until 14 December 2016, and saw Olivia McMahon win. The season was hosted by Claire Hooper and Mel Buttle, and was judged by Maggie Beer and Matt Moran.

Maggie Beer
Maggie Beer AO (born Margaret Anne Ackerman, 19 January 1945) is an Australian chef, food author, restaurateur, and food manufacturer. Beer was one of the judges on The Great Australian Bake Off alongside Matt Moran until 2022 and is also a regular guest on MasterChef Australia.
Edgar Dewitt Jones
Edgar Dewitt Jones (1876–1956) was an American clergyman, ecumenist, and author, born December 5, 1876, at Hearne, Tex., and educated at Transylvania University where he was a member of the Alpha-Omicron chapter of Kappa Sigma fraternity, University of Missouri and Illinois Wesleyan University. He first studied law but later turned to theology, studying at the College of the Bible, now Lexington Theological Seminary. After completing his seminary education, he was ordained at Independence Boulevard Christian Church in Kansas City, MO, which was served as pastor by Dr. George Hamilton Combs.  He was married in 1902 to Frances Willis.  The couple had six children, five of whom lived to maturity—Edgar Dewitt Jones, Jr.; Mrs. Thomas Sherrard; Mrs. John R. Walker; Willis R. Jones, and W. Westbrook Jones.

Kappa Sigma
Kappa Sigma (ΚΣ), commonly known as Kappa Sig or KSig, is an American collegiate social fraternity founded at the University of Virginia in 1869. Kappa Sigma is one of the five largest international fraternities which, as of 2013, had 318 active chapters and colonies in North America. Its endowment fund, founded in 1919, has donated more than $5 million to undergrads since 1948. In 2012 alone, the Fraternity's endowment fund raised over $1 million in donations.
Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania
Lawrence Township is a township in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 7,503 at the 2020 census.  Lawrence Township borders the townships of Boggs, Bradford, Goshen, Huston, Knox, Pike and Pine in Clearfield County, as well as Benezette and Jay Townships in Elk County to the north.  Lawrence Township borders the borough of Clearfield as well.

Elk County, Pennsylvania
Elk County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 30,990. Its county seat is Ridgway. The county was created on April 18, 1843, from parts of Jefferson, Clearfield, and McKean Counties. Elk County is named for the now-extinct eastern elk (Cervus canadensis) that historically inhabited the region. The county is part of the North Central region of the commonwealth.

The county is notable for having one of the highest concentrations of Catholics in the United States, with 69% of the county's residents identifying as Catholic.
April 1986 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Thursday, April 24, 1986, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2022. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 1.25 days before perigee (on April 25, 1986, at 18:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This lunar eclipse was the third of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on May 4, 1985; October 28, 1985; and October 17, 1986.

Umbra, penumbra and antumbra
The umbra, penumbra and antumbra are three distinct parts of a shadow, created by any light source after impinging on an opaque object of lesser size. In cases of equal or smaller impinging objects, only an umbra and penumbra are generated. Assuming no diffraction, for a collimated beam (such as a point source) of light, only the umbra is cast.

These phenomena are generally observed within solar systems, as the size of the stars within the system are larger than the orbiting satellites, hence these terms are most often used for the shadows cast by celestial bodies, though they are sometimes used to describe levels of darkness, such as in sunspots.
South Park Center
USC Tower, formerly AT&T Center, SBC Tower, Transamerica Building, and Occidental Life Building, is a 32-story, 138 m (453 ft) skyscraper in the South Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. Built to house the offices and computer center of the Occidental Life Insurance Company, it was completed in 1965. It is the 45th-tallest building in Los Angeles, and was the second-tallest (after the Los Angeles City Hall) when it was completed. The International styled building was designed by William Pereira & Associates.

Transamerica Corporation
Transamerica Corporation is an American holding company for various life insurance companies and investment firms operating primarily in the United States, offering life and supplemental health insurance, investments, and retirement services. The company is located in Baltimore, Maryland, with its subsidiary Transamerica Life Company headquartered in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; It has back offices Denver, Colorado; Harrison, New York; Toronto, Ontario; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Knoxville, Tennessee. Additional affiliated offices are located throughout the United States. In 1999, it became an independent subsidiary of multinational company Aegon.

Contributions from the Transamerica Life Insurance Company and its affiliates fund the Transamerica Institute, a nonprofit, private foundation. The Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies is an operating division of Transamerica Institute.
Damhal Hanji Pora
Damhal Hanji Pora, also known as D. H. Pora, is a town and a notified area committee in Kulgam district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is one of the seven administrative blocks of the Kulgam district.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
German submarine U-683
German submarine U-683 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 23 December 1942 at the Howaldtswerke yard at Hamburg, launched on 7 March 1944, and commissioned on 30 May 1944 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Günter Keller.

Attached to 31st U-boat Flotilla based at Wesermünde, U-683 completed her training period on 31 December 1944 and was assigned to front-line service.

Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft
Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH (often abbreviated HDW) was a German shipbuilding company, headquartered in Kiel. It is now part of TKMS (ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems). The Howaldtswerke shipyard was founded in Kiel in 1838 and merged with Hamburg-based Deutsche Werft to form Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) in 1968. The company's shipyard was formerly used by Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft until the end of World War II.
Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation
The Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation (NCN; Cree: ᓂᓯᒐᐚᔭᓯᕽ, nisicawâyasihk; formerly the Nelson House First Nation) is a Cree First Nations community centered in Nelson House, Manitoba, Canada. Its main reserve is Nelson House 170.

Nelson House is located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Thompson and is accessible via the mixed paved and gravel Provincial Road 391. The Cree name Nisichawayasihk means, “Where three rivers meet”. The largest community, business and government centre is located at Nelson House on the north shore of Footprint Lake at the convergence of the Burntwood, Footprint, and Rat Rivers. Smaller areas of development occur at Dog Point, R.C, Mission Point  and the New Area.

Burntwood River
The Burntwood River is a river in northeast Manitoba, Canada between the Churchill River and the Nelson River, which passes through Thompson, Manitoba. It is over 320 kilometres (200 mi) long and flows mostly east to join the Nelson River at Split Lake, Manitoba.
Who Were We Running From?
Who Were We Running From? (Turkish: Biz Kimden Kaçiyorduk Anne?) is a 2023 Turkish crime thriller television series starring Melisa Sözen, Eylül Tumbar and Musa Uzunlar, broadcast on Netflix.

The series is based on a novel with the same name by author Perihan Mağden.

Perihan Mağden
Perihan Mağden (born 24 August 1960) is a Turkish writer. She was a columnist for the newspaper Taraf. She was tried and acquitted for calling for opening the possibility of conscientious objection to mandatory military service in Turkey.
Law Reform Act
Law Reform Act (with its variations) is a stock short title used for legislation in Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom relating to law reform. The Bill for an Act with this short title will have been known as a Law Reform Bill during its passage through Parliament.

Law Reform Acts may be a generic name either for legislation bearing that short title or for all legislation which relates to law reform.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Ras al-Helal
Ras al-Helal (Arabic: رأس الهلال, Raʾs al-Helal, "Crescent Cape") is a village on the southern shore of the Mediterranean Sea in Derna District, Cyrenaica, Libya. It takes its name from its cape, which appears to have a crescent shape when viewed from the surrounding Jebel Akhdar (English: The Green Mountain) mountainous plateau's foothills. It had a population totaling 2,235 in 2006. Ras al-Helal is known for its green, forested beach and its nearby waterfalls.

Crescent
A crescent shape (/ˈkrɛsənt/, UK also /ˈkrɛzənt/) is a symbol or emblem used to represent the lunar phase (as it appears in the northern hemisphere) in the first quarter (the "sickle moon"), or by extension a symbol representing the Moon itself.

In Hindu iconography, Shiva is often shown wearing a crescent moon on his head, symbolising his control over time, as well as his attributes of both creation and destruction.

It is used as the astrological symbol for the Moon, and hence as the alchemical symbol for silver. It was also the emblem of Diana/Artemis, and hence represented virginity. In veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church, it is associated with Mary, mother of Jesus.

From its use as roof finial in Ottoman mosques, it has also become associated with Islam, and the crescent was introduced as chaplain badge for Muslim United States military chaplains in 1993.
Panhandle hook
A panhandle hook (also called a pan handle hook or Texas hooker) is a relatively infrequent winter storm system whose cyclogenesis occurs in the South to southwestern United States from the late fall through winter and into the early spring months. They trek to the northeast on a path towards the Great Lakes region, as the southwesterly jet streams are most prevalent, usually affecting the Midwestern United States and Eastern Canada.  Panhandle hooks account for some of the most memorable and deadly blizzards and  snowstorms in North America. The name is derived from the region of surface cyclogenesis in the Texas panhandle and Oklahoma panhandle regions. In some winters, there are no panhandle hook storms; in others, there are several.

Winter storm
A winter storm (also known as snow storm) is an event in which wind coincides with varieties of precipitation that only occur at freezing temperatures, such as snow, mixed snow and rain, or freezing rain. In temperate continental and subarctic climates, these storms are not necessarily restricted to the winter season, but may occur in the late autumn and early spring as well. A snowstorm with strong winds and low visibility is called a blizzard.
Hygrophorus purpurascens
Hygrophorus purpurascens, commonly known as the purple-red waxy cap, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hygrophoraceae. Its cap has a pink background color with streaks of purplish red overlaid, and mature gills have red spots.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.