hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Francis Cooke
James Francis Cooke (November 14, 1875, Bay City, Michigan – March 3, 1960, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania) was an American music educator. He was a pianist, composer, playwright, journalist, author (including novels and of books on musical history and theory), a president of Theodore Presser music publishers from 1925 to 1936, and editor of The Etude music magazine from 1907 to 1950, or 1913 to 1956. He taught piano for more than twenty years in New York, led choral clubs and taught voice. He also gave music-topic lectures.

He was the president of the Philadelphia Music Teacher's Association for seven years. He was president of the Presser Foundation for 38 years. He was also a member of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, the Union League and the Sons of the American Revolution.

Bay City, Michigan
Bay City is a city in Bay County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 32,661 at the 2020 census. The city is located just upriver from the Saginaw Bay on the Saginaw River. It is the principal city of the Bay City metropolitan area, which is coterminous with Bay County as part of the larger Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan. Several historic bridges cross the Saginaw River in Bay City, including Liberty Bridge, Veterans Memorial Bridge, Independence Bridge, and Lafayette Avenue Bridge.
Doraemon: Nobita's Little Star Wars
Doraemon: Nobita's Little Star Wars (ドラえもん: のび太の宇宙小戦争(リトル スター ウォズ), Doraemon: Nobita no Ritoru Sutā Wōzu) is a 1985 Japanese animated epic space opera film. It is a feature-length Doraemon film which premiered in Japan on March 16, 1985. As the film's title suggests, it is a parody of George Lucas' original Star Wars trilogy, with a few elements from his 1983 film Return of the Jedi. The film is directed by Tsutomu Shibayama. The theme song of this film, "Shōnenki", is performed by Tetsuya Takeda. It is the 6th Doraemon film. A modern remake of the film, Doraemon: Nobita's Little Star Wars 2021, released in theaters on March 4th, 2022.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Rama and the Dragon
Rama and the dragon is a 1980 novel by Egyptian writer Edwar al-Kharrat. 16 years after its initial publication, the novel was followed by two sequels, The Other Time and The Certainty of Thirst which formed a trilogy. It was voted one of the best 100 Arabic novels by the Arab Writers Union. The novel was awarded the Naguib Mahfouz Medal for Literature.

Arab Writers Union
The Arab Writers Union (ar.: اتحاد الكتاب العرب) is an association of Arab writers, founded in 1969, in Damascus, Syria, at the initiative of a group of Arab writers including Syrian novelist Hanna Mina. In 2008, the union was moved from Damascus to Cairo and in 2015 to Abu Dhabi. Its current president is Muhammad Al-Hourani.

In 2010, the Union published a list of the "100 Best Arabic novels," although the list in fact contained 105 entries. It ranked Egyptian author Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo Trilogy as the best Arabic-language novel, followed by In Search of Walid Masoud by Syrian author Jabra Ibrahim Jabra in second place and Honor by Egyptian Sonallah Ibrahim in third.
Street names of Sheffield
This is a list of the etymology of street names in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England.

Arundel Gate and Arundel Street – named after the Earl of Arundel

Cavendish Street – named after the Cavendish family

Church Street – after Sheffield Cathedral, which was the main parish church until 1914

Devonshire Green and Division Street – named after the Duke of Devonshire

Fitzalan Square – the Fitzalans were a branch of the Duke of Norfolk family

Leopold Square and Leopold Street – named after Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany

Norfolk Street and Howard Street – named after the Dukes of Norfolk

Sheaf Square and Sheaf Street – after the River Sheaf

Wellington Street – named after Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany
Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (Leopold George Duncan Albert; 7 April 1853 – 28 March 1884), was the eighth child and youngest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Leopold was later created Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, and Baron Arklow. He had haemophilia, which contributed to his death following a fall at the age of 30.
Alma May Waterman
Alma May Waterman (1893-1977) was an American botanist, mycologist, and plant pathologist noted for studying diseases of shade and ornamental trees, as well as diseases of roses. She did research on Septoria cankers, specifically that affect poplar trees, in the 1950s. The standard author abbreviation Waterman is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Chalybea
Chalybea is a genus of plants in the family Melastomataceae with about 11 accepted species. It is found in parts of South and North America, including Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Nevada in the US,

Species accepted (March 2021) include:

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
Dortmund-Kley station
Dortmund-Kley station is in the district of Kley of the city of Dortmund in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It was built on a loop line (line 2190) off the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway, which was opened on 24 September 1983 from Bochum-Langendreer to Dortmund-Dorstfeld. The station was opened on 24 September 1983 and it is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station.

The station is served by line S 1 of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn (Dortmund–Solingen) on week days every 15 minutes during the day between Dortmund and Essen.

In addition, the station is served by buses on line 470, operated by DSW21 at twenty-minute intervals.

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Roam Rome Mein
Roam Rome Mein is a 2019 Indian psychological drama film directed by Tannishtha Chatterjee and produced by Pankaj Razdan under the Eros International and Rising Star Entertainment banners. It features Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Tannishtha Chatterjee, Valentina Corti, and Francesco Apolloni in lead roles. It also includes a supporting cast of Vineet Kumar, Andrea Scarduzio, Ciera Foster, and Priyansh Jora.

The film premiered on 5 October at 24th Busan International Film Festival held from 3 to 12 October 2019. It was showcased in "A Window on Asian Cinema". This film marks directorial debut of actress Tannishtha Chatterjee. The film is in English, Hindi and Italian.

The film was selected as the Closing Night Film at the 2025 National Indian Film Festival of Australia (NIFFA).

Eros International
Eros International Media Ltd.  is an Indian motion picture production and distribution company, based and originated in Mumbai, India. Founded by Arjan Lulla in 1977, it is one of the leading production and distribution companies in India. Currently, his sons Kishore Lulla and Sunil Lulla manage the company. It is a subsidiary of Eros Media World, formed in 2020, which was formerly known as Eros International Plc and subsequently ErosSTX Global.

Eros co-produces, acquires and distributes Indian films in multiple formats worldwide, including theatrical, television syndication and digital platforms.
Eros has over 12,000 films in its library which include Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and other regional language films.
Polydore Veirman
Polydore Jules Léon Veirman (23 February 1881 – 1951) was a Belgian rower who won two Olympic silver medals: in 1908 in the eight, and in 1912 in the single scull. Between 1901 and 1912 Veirman won four gold and three silver medals in various events at European championships. He was assured another medal at the 1913 European Rowing Championships as of the four single scull finalists, Giuseppe Sinigaglia and Anatol Peresselenzeff were disqualified. Competing against only one other rower, Veirman capsized, and Friedrich Graf was the only one to reach the finish line.

Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight was one of four rowing events on the Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to two boats (total of 16 rowers and 2 coxswains). Six boats from five nations competed. The event was won by Leander Club, one of the two British boats. The silver medal went to the Belgian team from Royal Club Nautique de Gand. Bronze medals were awarded to the two semifinal losers; Argonaut Rowing Club of Canada had been defeated by Leander while Britain's second boat, from Cambridge University Boat Club, lost to the Belgians.
Animal Academy: Hakobune Hakusho
Animal Academy: Hakobune Hakusho (Japanese: はこぶね白書, Hepburn: Hakobune Hakusho; lit. 'Noah's Ark White Paper') is a Japanese manga series illustrated and written by Moyamu Fujino. The manga was first serialized in the Japanese shōnen manga magazine Monthly Comic Blade on October 30, 2005, published by Mag Garden. It was first released in North America on May 12, 2009, by Tokyopop.

White paper
A white paper is a report or guide that informs readers concisely about a complex issue and presents the issuing body's philosophy on the matter. It is meant to help readers understand an issue, solve a problem, or make a decision. Since the 1990s, this type of document has proliferated in business.  Today, a business-to-business white paper falls under grey literature, more akin to a marketing presentation meant to persuade customers and partners, and promote a certain product or viewpoint.

The term originated in the 1920s to mean a type of position paper or industry report published by a department of the UK government.
DEME
Dredging, Environmental and Marine Engineering NV (DEME) is an international group of specialised companies in the fields of capital and maintenance dredging, land reclamation, port infrastructure development, offshore related services for the oil & gas industry, offshore windfarm installation, and environmental remediation. The group
is based in Zwijndrecht, Belgium, and has current operations on five continents.

Scheldt
The Scheldt (/ʃɛlt, skɛlt/ SHELT, SKELT; French: Escaut [ɛsko] ⓘ; Dutch: Schelde [ˈsxɛldə] ⓘ) is a 435-kilometre-long (270 mi) river that flows through northern France, western Belgium, and the southwestern part of the Netherlands, with its mouth at the North Sea. Its name is derived from an adjective corresponding to Old English sċeald ("shallow"), Modern English shoal, Low German schol, West Frisian skol, and obsolete Swedish skäll ("thin").
1979 Lembata tsunami
On 18 July 1979, a portion of the Iliwerung volcano on Lembata collapsed into the Savu Sea, triggering a deadly tsunami that swept along the island's coastal villages. The tsunami was triggered by a landslide rather than a volcanic eruption. Estimates of the dead start at 539 while another 700 were reported missing. Many of the dead were never recovered.

Savu Sea
The Savu Sea (or the Sawu Sea) (Indonesian: Laut Sawu, Portuguese: Mar de Savu, Tetum: Tasi Savu) is a small sea within Indonesia named for the island of Savu (Sawu) on its southern boundary.  It is bounded by Savu and Raijua to the south, the islands of Rote and Timor (split between East Timor and Indonesia) to the east, Flores and the Alor archipelago to the north/northwest, and the island of Sumba to the west/northwest. Between these islands, it flows into the Indian Ocean to the south and west, the Flores Sea to the north, and the Banda Sea to the northeast.

The Savu Sea spans about 360 km (220 mi) from west to east, and 290 km (180 mi) from north to south. Its area is about 105,000 km2 (41,000 sq mi). It reaches about 3,500 m (11,500 ft) in depth. The largest city on the sea is Kupang, the capital of East Nusa Tenggara province on the island of Timor, with about 450,000 inhabitants.
Tlemcen
Tlemcen (/tlɛmˈsɛn/; Arabic: تِلِمْسَان, romanized: Tilimsān) is the second-largest city in northwestern Algeria after Oran and the capital of Tlemcen Province. The city has developed leather, carpet, and textile industries, which it exports through the port of Rachgoun. It had a population of 140,158, as of the 2008 census.

A major centre of the Central Maghreb, the city is a mix of Arab, Berber, Andalusi, Ottoman, and Western influences. From this mosaic of influences, the city derives the title of capital of Andalusian art in Algeria. Various titles are attributed to the city including "the Pearl of the Maghreb", "the African Granada" and "the Medina of the West".

Yaghmurasen ibn Zyan
Yaghmurasen Ibn Zyan (Arabic: يغمراسن إبن زيان, romanized: Yaghmurāsan ibn Zayyān; 1206 – February/March 1283) was the founder of the Zayyanid dynasty. Under his reign the Zayyanid Kingdom of Tlemcen extended over present-day north-western Algeria.
Durangaldea
Durangaldea (Spanish: Duranguesado) is a comarca of Biscay located in the Basque Country, Spain. It is one of the seven eskualdeak/comarcas or regions that compose the province of Biscay. The capital city of Durangaldea is Durango.

Álava
Álava (Spanish: [ˈalaβa]) or Araba (Basque pronunciation: [aˈɾaba]), officially Araba/Álava, is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Álava, former medieval Catholic bishopric and now Latin titular see.

Its capital city, Vitoria-Gasteiz, is also the seat of the political main institutions of the Basque Autonomous Community. It borders the Basque provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa to the north, the community of La Rioja to the south, the province of Burgos (in the community of Castile and León) to the west and the community of Navarre to the east. The Enclave of Treviño, surrounded by Alavese territory, is however part of the province of Burgos, thus belonging to the autonomous community of Castile and León, not Álava.

It is the largest of the three provinces in the Basque Autonomous Community in geographical terms, with 3,037 km2, but also the least populated with 331,700 inhabitants (2019).
The Gold Diggers (1919 play)
The Gold Diggers is a play written by Avery Hopwood. It popularized the use of the term "gold digger" to refer to hypergamous women who seek wealthy partners, as opposed to the earlier usage referring to gold miners. Producer David Belasco staged it on Broadway in 1919, with Ina Claire in the lead role. It was a hit, running for two consecutive seasons before going on tour.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest
The Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest is a United States national forest in the U.S. states of Oregon and California.  The formerly separate Rogue River and Siskiyou National Forests were administratively combined in 2004.  Now, the Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest ranges from the crest of the Cascade Range west into the Siskiyou Mountains, covering almost 1.8 million acres (7,300 km2). Forest headquarters are located in Medford, Oregon.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
Denise Tillmanns
Denise Tillmanns (born 25 August 1984) is a German singer. She was the runner-up on the second season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar. She joined the top thirteen on 8 October 2003, being one of the first two members of the final group. On 13 March 2003 she lost in the final night to Elli Erl.

Gloria Gaynor
Gloria Fowles (born September 7, 1943), known professionally as Gloria Gaynor, is an American singer, best known for the disco era hits "I Will Survive" (1978) which is one of the best-selling singles in history to date, having sold over 15 million copies worldwide, and "Let Me Know (I Have a Right)" (1979), "I Am What I Am" (1983), and her version of "Never Can Say Goodbye" (1974). She received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2025.
Abe Bloomberg
Abe Bloomberg (14 March 1904 - 27 July 1990) was a South African attorney and politician. He served as Mayor of Cape Town from 1945 to 1947, and was a United Party member for the Cape Town Castle constituency. His tenure as mayor coincided with George VI's royal tour of South Africa with his wife and daughters in 1947. He was a confidant of Jan Smuts and the father of the late David Bloomberg, who also served as mayor of Cape Town from 1973 to 1975. As a lawyer, he was part of the legal team involved in the Coloured vote constitutional crisis. In the Supreme Court of South Africa, he challenged a government decision to remove Cape Coloureds from the voter roll.

Supreme Court of South Africa
The Supreme Court of South Africa was a superior court of law in South Africa from 1910 to 1997. It was made up of various provincial and local divisions with jurisdiction over specific geographical areas, and an Appellate Division which was the highest appellate court in the country.

The Supreme Court of South Africa was dissolved in 1997 when the current Constitution of South Africa came into force. The provincial and local divisions, as well as the supreme courts of the former TBVC states ("Bantustans"), became separate High Courts, while the Appellate Division became the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA). The High Courts were subsequently restructured by the Superior Courts Act, 2013 into nine provincial divisions of a single High Court of South Africa. The SCA is no longer the highest court because it is subordinate to the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court.
HD 169142
HD 169142 is a single Herbig Ae/Be star. Its surface temperature is 7650±150 K. HD 169142 is depleted of heavy elements compared to the Sun, with a metallicity Fe/H index of −0.375±0.125, but is much younger at an age of 7.5±4.5 million years. The star is rotating slowly and has relatively low stellar activity for a Herbig Ae/Be star.

Sulfur monoxide
Sulfur monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula SO. It is only found as a dilute gas phase.  When concentrated or condensed, it converts to S2O2 (disulfur dioxide). It has been detected in space but is rarely encountered intact otherwise.
G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra (soundtrack)
G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra – Score from the Motion Picture is the score to the 2009 film G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra directed by Stephen Sommers. The film is composed and scored by Alan Silvestri, who reunited with Sommers after The Mummy Returns (2001) and Van Helsing (2004). Silvestri recorded the score with a 90-piece ensemble of the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Newman Scoring Stage in 20th Century Fox and at the Barbra Streisand Scoring Stage in Sony Pictures Studios, respectively. A soundtrack album of the score was released by Varèse Sarabande on August 3, 2009, four days ahead of the release.

Van Helsing (film)
Van Helsing is a 2004 action horror film written and directed by Stephen Sommers. It stars Hugh Jackman as monster hunter Van Helsing and Kate Beckinsale as Anna Valerious. Van Helsing is an homage to the Universal Horror Monster films from the 1930s and 1940s (also produced by Universal Pictures which were in turn partially based on novels by Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley), of which Sommers is a fan.

Van Helsing was inspired by the Dutch vampire hunter Abraham Van Helsing from Irish author Bram Stoker's novel Dracula. Distributed by Universal Pictures, the film includes a number of monsters such as Count Dracula (and other vampires), Frankenstein's monster, Duergar, Mr. Hyde and werewolves in a way similar to the multi-monster movies that Universal produced in the 1940s, such as Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man, House of Frankenstein and House of Dracula. The film grossed $300.2 million worldwide against a budget of $160–170 million but was not well received by critics.
Halloway
Halloway is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anis Halloway, Sierra Leonian singer-songwriter

Arthur Halloway (1885–1961), pioneering Australian rugby league footballer and coach

Bill Halloway (born 1912), a rugby league footballer in the New South Wales Rugby League

Erica Halloway (born 1984), Australian association football player

Ransom Halloway (c.1793–1851), United States Representative from New York

William "Will" Halloway and Charles Halloway, characters from the novel Something Wicked This Way Comes

Bill Halloway
William Joseph Halloway (born 1912) was a rugby league footballer in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. Halloway played for the Eastern Suburbs in 1935, the season that the club won their fifth premiership. Halloway played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs the following season.
Ministry of Family and Social Services
The  Ministry of Family and Social Services (Turkish: Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for family affairs and social services. The ministry is headed by Mahinur Özdemir.

Mahinur Özdemir Göktaş
Mahinur Özdemir Göktaş (born 7 November 1982) is a Turkish-Belgian politician, diplomat and was Turkey's Ambassador to Algeria between 2020 and 2023. She is the youngest and first female member of parliament to wear the hijab. She was expelled from the Humanist Democratic Centre party (cdH) for denying the Armenian genocide in 2015.