hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cape Denbigh
Cape Denbigh is located on the Seward Peninsula in Eastern Norton Sound in the U.S. state of Alaska.  It is notable for the Iyatayet site, an Archaic stage hunter-gatherer archaeological site. The headland is a moderately high, rounded hill, joined to the mainland by a low, narrow neck. The head of the bight, eastward of the cape, is shoal, but in approaching the water shoals gradually. A good anchorage in northeasterly winds can be had eastward of the cape. The water shoals rapidly inside a depth of 4 fathoms when approaching the shore.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Clayton Spencer
Ava Clayton Spencer (born December 15, 1954) is an American attorney. She was the eighth president of Bates College. She had previously served as the vice president for institutional policy at Harvard University from 2005 to 2012.

Her tenure over Bates saw a marked increase in financial assets, major campus expansion, and increased academic competitiveness.

Phillips Exeter Academy
Phillips Exeter Academy (also known as Exeter or PEA) is an independent, co-educational, college-preparatory school in Exeter, New Hampshire. Established in 1781, it is America's sixth-oldest boarding school and educates an estimated 1,100 boarding and day students in grades 9 to 12, as well as postgraduate students.

Exeter houses the world's largest high school library. The academy admits students on a need-blind basis and offers free tuition to students with family incomes under $125,000. Its list of notable alumni includes U.S. president Franklin Pierce, U.S. politician Daniel Webster, over 35 U.S. congresspeople, six governors of U.S. states, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, three Medal of Honor recipients, and three Nobel Prize recipients.
Planet of da Apes
Planet of da Apes is the second and final studio album by American hip-hop group Da Lench Mob. The group's final album, it was released on November 1, 1994, via Street Knowledge/Priority Records. Its title is a reference to Planet of the Apes. The album was produced by Ice Cube, Mr. Woody, Dr. Jam, Madness 4 Real, Quincy Jones III, and 88 X Unit. It featured guest appearances from K-Dee, Mack 10, and Yo-Yo. The album peaked at number 81 on the Billboard 200.

Yo-Yo (rapper)
Yolanda "Yo-Yo" Whitaker (born August 4, 1971) is an American rapper and actress from South Los Angeles.

Much of Yo-Yo's music advocates female empowerment. She is the protégée of gangsta rapper Ice Cube. Yo-Yo has dubbed her crew the IBWC, Intelligent Black Women's Coalition. She also performed on a couple of stages with Shock G's group Digital Underground.
Wang and Landau algorithm
The Wang and Landau algorithm, proposed by  Fugao Wang and David P. Landau, is a Monte Carlo method designed to estimate the density of states of a system. The method performs a non-Markovian random walk to build the density of states by quickly visiting all the available energy spectrum. The Wang and Landau algorithm is an important method to obtain the density of states required to perform a multicanonical simulation.

The Wang–Landau algorithm can be applied to any system which is characterized by a cost (or energy) function. For instance,
it has been applied to the solution of numerical integrals and the folding of proteins.
The Wang–Landau sampling is related to the metadynamics algorithm.

Random walk
In mathematics, a random walk, sometimes known as a drunkard's walk, is a stochastic process that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps on some mathematical space.

An elementary example of a random walk is the random walk on the integer number line  which starts at 0, and at each step moves +1 or −1 with equal probability. Other examples include the path traced by a molecule as it travels in a liquid or a gas (see Brownian motion), the search path of a foraging animal, or the price of a fluctuating stock and the financial status of a gambler. Random walks have applications to engineering and many scientific fields including ecology, psychology, computer science, physics, chemistry, biology, economics, and sociology. The term random walk was first introduced by Karl Pearson in 1905.

Realizations of random walks can be obtained by Monte Carlo simulation.
Heart Attack (Krokus album)
Heart Attack is the tenth studio album by the Swiss hard rock band Krokus, and is described by the band as "the last attempt to keep the band together in a deep crisis".
As well as being the band's first album on MCA Records, it saw the return of original Krokus founding member Chris von Rohr.

Heart Attack is the only Krokus album to feature drummer Dani Crivelli who played drums on von Rohr's 1987 solo album, Hammer & Tongue, and previously recorded and toured with Solothurn rivals Killer. In the early 1980s, Crivelli was a member of Detroit, a hard rock band that featured Krokus guitarist Fernando von Arb's then wife, Birthe von Arb, on lead vocals.

The track "Rock 'n' Roll Tonight" was a live hit and is still played by the band in concerts.

Solothurn
Solothurn (/ˈsoʊlətʊərn, ˈzoʊ-/ SOH-lə-toorn, ZOH-; Swiss Standard German: [ˈzoːlotʊrn] ⓘ; French: Soleure [sɔlœʁ]; Italian: Soletta [soˈletta]; Romansh: Soloturnⓘ) is a city, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It is located in the north-west of Switzerland on the banks of the Aare and on the foot of the Weissenstein Jura mountains.

The city is the only municipality of the district of the same name.

The city got its name from Salodurum, a Roman-era settlement. From 1530 to 1792 it was the seat of the French ambassador to Switzerland. The pedestrian-only old town was built between 1530 and 1792 and shows an impressive array of Baroque architecture, combining Italian Grandezza, French style, and Swiss ideas. The city has eighteen structures listed as heritage sites.

The official language of Solothurn is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Sadowiec, Łódź Voivodeship
Sadowiec [saˈdɔvjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Działoszyn, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Działoszyn, 8 km (5 mi) west of Pajęczno, and 82 km (51 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Dusan S. Zrnic
Dušan S. Zrnić is an American engineer of Yugoslav origin, head of the Doppler Weather Radar and Remote Sensing Research Group at the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) as well as assistant professor of electrical engineering and meteorology at the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma. His research interests include circuit design, applied mathematics, magnetohydrodynamics, radar signal processing, and systems design.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Dario Tadić
Dario Tadić (born 11 May 1990) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a forward for SKN St. Pölten.

Born in Odžak, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia, he decided to play for the Austrian U19 team.

Odžak
Odžak is a town and municipality located in Posavina Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the northern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, near the river Sava, 10 km (6.2 mi) from the border with Croatia. The name is derived from Turkish Ocak, during its time as a frontier town of the Ottoman Empire, and means "fireplace" in Turkish and "chimney" in modern Bosnian.

The town of Odžak is notable for being the battlegrounds of the last battle in Europe of World War II, fought between the Croatian Ustaše and Yugoslav Partisans.
Oru na Nneude
Oru na Nneude (alternately Oru na Lude) is a village in Ahiara, Imo State, Nigeria. It is divided into two sections, Oru and Nneude, the division between which was apparent as early as the late 1950s. The population of Oru is over 5,200, and Lude over 4,700.

Ahiara
5°31′40.2″N 7°16′23.9″E﻿ / ﻿5.527833°N 7.273306°E﻿ / 5.527833; 7.273306

Ahiara is a city in Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. The city stands about 16 miles between Owerri and Umuahia. It was the location of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu's Ahiara Declaration during the Nigerian Civil War. It is the location of the Catholic diocese in Mbaise. The first recorded Ahiara contact with Europeans was around 1905 when the British expedition got mixed up in local warfare, of which a British man named Dr. Stewart was a victim. Ahiara people were attacked by British forces in a reprisal invasion which forced many citizens to flee and never return.

The Ahiara Slogan is Decent Dexterity.
China Railway DJF1
The DJF1 "Zhongyuan Star" was an electric multiple unit of China Railway. It only operated in service for less than five years, before it was removed from service due to its various flaws and high maintenance costs. The train was initially built as a six car set, and subsequently lengthened to a fourteen car set. The two driving motors and the middle two motor cars have been preserved, with the other carriages being scrapped.

Hard seat
The hard seat (Chinese: 硬座; pinyin: yìng zuò) or semi-cushioned seat, abbreviated YZ, is a train seat that is the cheapest class of seating in China Railway. It is available on non-high-speed trains.

The term "hard seat" comes from the hard, wooden seats of regular passenger trains in the Mao era; modern "hard seats" are upholstered. Several different tickets and prices can be obtained .

Each carriage provides the most basic services common to all Chinese trains, namely toilets, wash basins, and a boiling water dispenser. This demonstrates the importance of the ticket prices and the ability for them to change over time.

Compared to soft seat, hard seat carriages have more seats per row (2+3 vs. 2+2) and are usually more crowded, and people without seats may stand in hard seat carriages.
Arctowski Nunatak
Arctowski Nunatak is a nunatak 2 miles (3 km) northwest of Hertha Nunatak in the Seal Nunataks group, off the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskjöld during a sledge journey in 1902, and named by him for Henryk Arctowski, Polish geologist, oceanographer, and meteorologist of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99.

Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1901–1903 was a scientific expedition led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen. It was the first Swedish endeavour to Antarctica in the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.
Meru Nukumi
Meru Nukumi (生見 愛瑠, Nukumi Meru; born 6 March 2002), also known as Meruru, is a Japanese model, actress and tarento from Inazawa, Aichi Prefecture. She is represented by the talent agency Avex Management and is currently active in Tokyo. Nukumi was a former Popteen magazine model and is currently an exclusive model for the fashion magazine CanCam.

CanCam
CanCam (キャンキャン, Kyankyan) is a Japanese monthly fashion magazine published by Shogakukan. Its name supposedly derives from "I Can Campus", because girls who read it are expected to become "campus leaders". The magazine was created for fashion-conscious consumers, and offers information on fashion, makeup, bags, accessories, and related topics. The magazine is targeted as a mote-kei (モテ系) fashion resource to novice office ladies as well as university students. The magazine has its headquarters in Tokyo.
The Journey Man
The Journey Man is the third studio album by English drum and bass artist Goldie. Released nearly two decades after his previous studio album, Saturnz Return, The Journey Man has been described by Goldie as his magnum opus and his legacy album, taking five years to produce. The album features a number of collaborators, including vocalist and songwriter Natalie Duncan, Terri Walker, Jose James, and Goldie's wife, Mika Wassenaar Price.

The album spent one week on the UK Albums Chart at number 43.

Terri Walker
Terri Walker (born Chanelle Gstettenbauer, 14 April 1979) is an English R&B and soul singer-songwriter. Walker has released four albums in the United Kingdom, Untitled, L.O.V.E, I Am and Entitled. She also provided the majority of the vocals for Shanks & Bigfoot's debut album Swings and Roundabouts.
Çoban salatası
Çoban salatası or choban salad (Turkish for "shepherd's salad") is a salad that originated from Turkish cuisine, consisting of finely chopped tomatoes (preferably peeled), cucumbers, long green peppers, onion, and flat-leaf parsley. The dressing consists of lemon juice, olive oil, and salt.

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum is a flowering plant in the family Solanaceae (nightshades), native to the northern regions of South America and to southwestern North America. The plant produces berries of many colors including red, green, and yellow, often with pungent taste. It is one of the oldest cultivated crops, with domestication dating back to around 6,000 years ago in regions of Mexico. The genus Capsicum has over 30 species but Capsicum annuum is the primary species in its genus, as it has been widely cultivated for human consumption for a substantial amount of time and has spread across the world. This species has many uses in culinary, medicine, self-defense, and ornamental applications.
Joseph Skibell
Joseph Skibell (born October 18, 1959) is an American novelist and essayist living in Atlanta, Georgia, and Tesuque, New Mexico.

Skibell is the author of three novels, which use elements of history and fantasy, a collection of true stories, and a forthcoming mythopoetic study of the tales in the Talmud:

A Blessing on the Moon (1997)

The English Disease (2003)

A Curable Romantic (2010)

My Father's Guitar & Other Imaginary Things (2015)

Six Memos from the Last Millennium: A Novelist Reads the Talmud (2016).

Tesuque, New Mexico
Tesuque (/təˈsuːki/; Tewa: Tetsʼúgéh Ówîngeh / Tetsugé Oweengé [tèʔts’úgé ʔówîŋgè]) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Santa Fe, New Mexico, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,094 at the 2020 census. The area is separate from but located near Tesuque Pueblo, a member of the Eight Northern Pueblos, and the Pueblo people are from the Tewa ethnic group of Native Americans who speak the Tewa language. The pueblo was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.
2011 USTA Tennis Classic of Troy
The 2011 USTA Tennis Classic of Troy was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which is part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Troy, Alabama, United States between 10 and 16 October 2011.

Troy, Alabama
Troy is a city in and the county seat of Pike County, Alabama, United States. It was formally incorporated on February 4, 1843.

Between  1763 and 1783, the area where Troy sits was part of the colony of British West Florida. After 1783, the region fell under the jurisdiction of the newly created United States of America.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,727, down from 18,033 in 2010. The 2022 estimated population was 17,774. The City of Troy had previously been considered one of the fastest-growing cities in Alabama. Troy is home to Troy University, the fourth-largest university in total enrollment in Alabama.
Anguillan bankruptcy law
Anguillan bankruptcy law regulates the position of individuals and companies who are unable to meet their financial obligations.

Bankruptcy of individuals is usually referred to as "personal bankruptcy" in Anguilla, whereas the bankruptcy of corporations is referred to as "corporate insolvency".  The legislation largely deals with both separately, although there are some common provisions.

Anguilla
Anguilla is a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately 16 miles (26 kilometres) long by 3 miles (5 km) wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The territory's capital is The Valley. The total land area of the territory is 35 square miles (91 km2), with a population of approximately 15,753 in 2021.
Dichanthelium strigosum
Dichanthelium strigosum is a perennial graminoid in the family Poaceae found in the Americas.

There are three varieties: D. strigosum var. glabrescens Griseb., D. strigosum var. leucoblepharis (Trin.) Freckmann, D. strigosum var. strigosum.

Graminoid
In botany and ecology, a graminoid refers to a herbaceous plant with a grass-like morphology, i.e., elongated culms with long, blade-like leaves. They are contrasted with forbs, herbaceous plants without grass-like features.

The plants most often referred to include the families Poaceae (grasses in the strict sense), Cyperaceae (sedges), and Juncaceae (rushes). These are not closely related but belong to different clades in the order Poales. The grasses (Poaceae) are by far the largest family, with some 12,000 species.
Confúcio Moura
Confúcio Aires Moura (born May 16, 1948 Dianópolis, Tocantins) is a Brazilian politician and member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMBD). He served as the Governor of Rondônia between January 1, 2011 and April 6, 2018. In 2018, he has elected to Federal Senate.

Federal Senate (Brazil)
The Federal Senate (Portuguese: Senado Federal) is the upper house of the National Congress of Brazil. When created under the Imperial Constitution in 1824, it was based on the House of Lords of the British Parliament, but since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889 and under the first republican Constitution the Federal Senate has resembled the United States Senate.

The current president of the Federal Senate is Davi Alcolumbre, a member of UNIÃO from Amapá. He was re-elected in February 2025 for his two-year non-consecutive term, as he had already led the Senate between 2019-21 during Bolsonaro's government.
Triadization
Triadization (or triadisation) is a proposed alternative to the theory of globalization. It states that political, economic and socio-cultural integration have been limited to three regions of the world: Japan and the newly industrialized countries of Southeast Asia, Western Europe and North America.

Outside of these regions, according to the theory, the effects of so-called "globalization" have not been felt, and hence it cannot be truly called "global". Instead, the economic interdependence between the countries of the "triad" supposedly leads to the alienation of the developing world. This alienation is described by the theory as the result of the fact that "fragmentation of the world into regional blocks is taking place, featured in the tendency to strengthen economic interdependence and transactions within them but not among them". This further entrenches the position of the triad, and prevents the growth of the rest of the world.

Newly industrialized country
The category of newly industrialized country (NIC), newly industrialized economy (NIE) or middle-income country is a socioeconomic classification applied to several countries around the world by political scientists and economists. They represent a subset of developing countries whose economic growth is much higher than that of other developing countries; and where the social consequences of industrialization, such as urbanization, are reorganizing society.
Kings of Colosseum
Kings of Colosseum is a professional wrestling event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW) that was first held in 2019.

The first three events served as television tapings for, and special episodes of, MLW Fusion. The first event aired as a special live episode of Fusion, while the second event was taped behind closed doors.

Major League Wrestling
Major League Wrestling (MLW) is an American professional wrestling promotion based in New Rochelle, New York. The promotion was founded in 2002 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by former WWE writer Court Bauer. The promotion markets its product as "Hybrid Wrestling", with its roster featuring a mix of different wrestling styles.

The promotion originally ran live events until 2004, with these events seen on the television series, MLW Underground TV. MLW returned to promoting events in July 2017, and resumed weekly television programming with the premiere of MLW Fusion in April 2018.
Davis & Brooks
Davis & Brooks was an American architectural firm based in Hartford, Connecticut, active from 1897 to 1919. It was established by F. Irvin Davis (1869-1944) and William F. Brooks (1872-1950). Among their projects is the Hartford Municipal Building, completed in 1915.

Eastern Connecticut State University
Eastern Connecticut State University (Eastern, Eastern Connecticut, Eastern Connecticut State, or ECSU) is a public university in Willimantic, Connecticut. Founded in 1889, it is the second-oldest campus in the Connecticut State University System and third-oldest public university in the state. Eastern is located on Windham Street in Willimantic, Connecticut, on 182 acres (74 ha) 30 minutes from Hartford, lying midway between New York City and Boston.

Eastern Connecticut State University is a member of the Connecticut State Colleges & Universities.
SA Pathology
SA Pathology, (formerly the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science (IMVS)), is an organisation providing diagnostic and clinical pathology services throughout South Australia for the public health sector. The headquarters are in Frome Road, Adelaide, and it has many patient collection centres and numerous laboratories located throughout South Australia.

The Hanson Centre for Cancer Research was established in 1991 by SA Pathology, broadening its scope of research and becoming the Hanson Institute in 2001.

As a not-for-profit organisation, SA Pathology bulk-bills patients for all Medical Benefits Schedule (MBS) pathology tests.  In a recent article by Choice magazine, it was recognised as the only consistently "no gap, bulk billing" pathology provider in South Australia.

Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.