hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johann Pflugbeil
Johann Pflugbeil (24 August 1882 – 21 October 1951) was a German general during World War II. During 1941 and 1942, he commanded the 221st Security Division in the Army Group Centre Rear Area. Under Pflugbeil's command, the division took part in Nazi security warfare and was responsible for numerous war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Army Group Centre Rear Area
Army Group Centre Rear Area (German: Rückwärtiges Heeresgebiet Mitte) was one of the three Army Group Rear Area Commands, established during the 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union. Initially commanded by General Max von Schenckendorff, it was an area of military jurisdiction behind Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre.

The Group Centre Rear Area's outward function was to provide security behind the fighting troops. It was also a site of mass murder during The Holocaust and other crimes against humanity targeting the civilian population. In the words of historian Michael Parrish, the army commander "presided over an empire of terror and brutality".
2003 Hopman Cup
The 2003 Hopman Cup (also known as the Hyundai Hopman Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th edition of the Hopman Cup tennis sporting event, held on 28 December 2002 through 4 January 2003 at the Burswood Entertainment Complex in Perth, Western Australia. The champions are Serena Williams and James Blake of the United States, who defeated Alicia Molik and Lleyton Hewitt of Australia in the final.

Crown Perth
Crown Perth (formerly Burswood Island Casino, Burswood Island Complex and
Burswood Entertainment Complex) is a resort and casino located in Burswood, Western Australia, near the Swan River. The resort consists of a casino, a convention centre with meeting rooms, a theatre and two ballrooms along with over thirty restaurants and bars, a nightclub and recreational facilities. It also features three hotels: the 405-room Crown Metropol Perth, the 291-room Crown Promenade Perth and the 500-room luxury hotel Crown Towers Perth, which was opened in December 2016. The Crown Perth is one of three Crown Resorts located in capital cities across the country.
Altro (album)
Altro is a studio album by Italian singer Mina, released on 16 November 1972 by PDU and originally distributed by EMI Italiana with live album Dalla Bussola in a two-LP package entitled Mina 1+1; it was the first in her series of double albums.

EMI Italiana
EMI Italiana was a record label, it was an Italian offshoot of British Electric and Musical Industries, based in Milan. It was founded in 1931 as VCM and, in 1967 it was renamed EMI Italiana followed by EMI Music Italy in 1997 and, finally, EMI Records Italy Srl in 2013, when it was acquired by Universal Music Group.
Alan Needleman
Alan Needleman (born September 2, 1944) is a professor of materials science & engineering at Texas A&M University.  Prior to 2009, he was Florence Pirce Grant University Professor of Mechanics of Solids and Structures at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.

Fracture
Fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. The fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. If a displacement develops perpendicular to the surface, it is called a normal tensile crack or simply a crack; if a displacement develops tangentially, it is called a shear crack, slip band, or dislocation.

Brittle fractures occur without any apparent deformation before fracture. Ductile fractures occur after visible deformation. Fracture strength, or breaking strength, is the stress when a specimen fails or fractures. The detailed understanding of how a fracture occurs and develops in materials is the object of fracture mechanics.
Declan Macey
Declan Macey is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, portrayed by Jason Merrells. He was introduced on 15 April 2010. The Emmerdale website has described the character by saying "Declan is a shrewd businessman who knows exactly what he wants and how to get it. He's prepared to be unpopular if it's good for business and the people in the village recognise his confidence. He does have a softer side but is not the most attentive husband in the world." In September 2014, Merrells confirmed he had left the show. Declan made his final appearance on 13 October 2014 after exposing the crimes that he committed with his wife, Charity Dingle (Emma Atkins); she framed her cousin Sam (James Hooton) and his girlfriend Rachel Breckle (Gemma Oaten) for starting a fire at Home Farm – which Declan was responsible for during his suicide attempt after becoming on the verge of financial bankruptcy – before causing the events of Declan embarking on a monthly insurance fraud.

Suicide attempt
A suicide attempt is an act in which an individual tries to end their own life but survives. Mental health professionals discourage describing suicide attempts as "failed" or "unsuccessful", as doing so may imply that a suicide resulting in death is a successful or desirable outcome.
Joseph H. Allen
Joseph H. Allen (September 5, 1821 – April 24, 1884) was an industrial businessman, an officer in the Civil War, and a town supervisor[a] of Brunswick, New York. Allen was born in Alburg, Vermont, to parents of British descent and left home at an early age. After several business ventures, he became successful in the auger and hoe business, selling mainly to the American South. He successfully ran for supervisor of the Town of Brunswick in 1856 and justice of the peace in 1861. At the beginning of the Civil War, his sales plummeted, so he closed his business and enlisted in the Union Army. Allen was wounded multiple times during his service and ended his career at the rank of lieutenant colonel. He returned home to reopen his factory, which was instrumental to the industrial success of the hamlet of Eagle Mills in the mid to late 19th century. He died in 1884 at the age of 62.

Alburgh (town), Vermont
Alburgh (formerly Alburg) is a town in Grand Isle County, Vermont, United States, founded in 1781 by Ira Allen. The population was 2,106 at the 2020 United States census. Alburgh is on the Alburgh Tongue, a peninsula extending from Canada into Lake Champlain, and lies on the only road-based route across Lake Champlain to New York state north of Addison, Vermont.
Banco de Occidente Credencial
Banco de Occidente is one of the largest Colombian banks. It is part of the Grupo Aval conglomerate of financial services in Colombia, owned by the country tycoon of finances, Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo (Ranked 285 on the 2009 forbes list of world billionaires).

Luis Carlos Sarmiento
Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo (born 27 January 1933) is a Colombian billionaire businessman and banker. His fortune derives primarily from the banking conglomerate Grupo Aval, of which he is the majority shareholder and chairman. For many years, he has been the wealthiest person in Colombia, according to Forbes and Bloomberg. As of December 2025, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$9.8 billion. He is the 9th wealthiest person in Latin America.
Fred L. Block
Fred L. Block (born June 28, 1947) is an American sociologist, and research professor of sociology at UC Davis. Block is widely regarded as one of the world's leading economic and political sociologists.  His interests are wide-ranging. He has been noted as an influential follower of Karl Polanyi.

Block has served on the Board of the Karl Polanyi Institute of Political Economy since 1989 and was a Distinguished Scientific Visitor to the Republic of China in 1995. He has also written for The Nation, The American Prospect, In These Times, Commonweal, Boston Review, and Tikkun.

Boston Review
Boston Review is an American quarterly political and literary magazine. It publishes political, social, and historical analysis, literary and cultural criticism, book reviews, fiction, and poetry, both online and in print. Its signature form is a "forum", featuring a lead essay and several responses. Boston Review also publishes an imprint of books with MIT Press. The editors in chief are Deborah Chasman and political philosopher Joshua Cohen. The magazine is published by Boston Critic, Inc., a nonprofit organization. It has received praise from notable intellectuals and writers including John Kenneth Galbraith, Henry Louis Gates Jr., John Rawls, Naomi Klein, Robin Kelley, Martha Nussbaum, and Jorie Graham.
Hiroyoshi Ohashi
Hiroyoshi Ohashi (大橋 広好, Ōhashi Hiroyoshi; born 1936) is a botanist formerly at the University of Tokyo and Tohoku University. He began publishing on Japanese Arisaema in the early 1960s. He published a couple of miscellaneous notes on Arisaema in 1963 and 1964 and these were followed by a revision of the genus for Japan jointly published in 1980 with J. Murata, and by the Araceae treatment for the Wildflowers of Japan (Ohashi, 1982).

He continued the work of the noted botanist Hara on the Flora of Eastern Himalaya. He has also compiled a list of types of Arisaema in Japanese herbaria and studied pollen morphology of
Japanese Arisaema (Ohashi et al., 1983).

Arisaema
Arisaema is a large and diverse genus of the flowering plant family Araceae. The largest concentration of species is in China and Japan, with other species native to other parts of southern Asia  as well as eastern and central Africa, Mexico and eastern North America.  Asiatic species are often called cobra lilies, while western species are often called jack-in-the-pulpit; both names refer to the distinctive appearance of the flower, which consists of an erect central spadix rising from a spathe.
Kevin Han
Kevin Qi Han (born November 25, 1972) is an American badminton player who won the bronze medal in the inaugural men's singles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games, followed by the gold medal four years later in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He was the first ever American player to captured the World Grand Prix title by winning the 1995 Bulgarian Open in the men's doubles with Thomas Reidy.

Bulgarian Open (badminton)
The Bulgarian Open Championship is an annual international badminton championships held in Bulgaria since 1985, by then known as Bulgarian International. It was halted between 1996 and 1998, and in 2000. The tournament belongs to the Badminton Europe elite circuit and become the highest level badminton tournament in Bulgaria. It changed to its current name in 2017, to differentiate it from the second badminton tournament in the country which is now known as Bulgarian International Championship.
Line 2 (Kunming Metro)
Line 2 of Kunming Metro (Chinese: 昆明轨道交通2号线; pinyin: Kūnmíng Guǐdào Jiāotōng Èr Hào Xiàn) is a rapid transit line connecting Panlong District with Kunming's urban center, which is currently 12.4 kilometres (7.7 mi) long with 14 stations. The line started operation in 2014, and its color is   blue. Currently, through service is provided between Line 1 and this line, meaning passengers from/to Line 1 do not need to transfer at South Ring Road station. Nevertheless, once Line 1 Northwestern extension and Line 2 Phase 2 are completed, this line will be separated from Line 1, and South Ring Road station will become an interchange station.

Panlong, Kunming
Panlong District (simplified Chinese: 盘龙区; traditional Chinese: 盤龍區; pinyin: Pánlóng Qū) is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
Rhythmbox
Rhythmbox is a free and open-source audio player software, tag editor and music organizer for digital audio files on Linux and Unix-like systems.

Rhythmbox is designed to work well under GNOME, but can function on other desktop environments. It is very scalable, able to handle libraries with tens of thousands of songs with ease. It provides a full feature set including full support for Unicode, fast but powerful tag editing, and a variety of plug-ins.

Rhythmbox is the default audio player on many Linux distributions including Fedora, Ubuntu since v12.04 LTS, and Linux Mint as of version 18.1.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Tricontinental Conference (1966)
The Tricontinental Conference was a gathering of countries that focused on anti-colonial and anti-imperial issues during the Cold War era, specifically those related to Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The conference was held from 3rd to 16 January 1966, in Havana, Cuba and was attended by roughly 500 delegates from 82 countries. It founded the Organization of Solidarity with the People of Asia, Africa and Latin America (OSPAAAL). The key issues discussed at the conference were countries that were in midst of revolutions, with a specific focus on Cuba and Vietnam.

Amílcar Cabral
Amílcar Lopes Cabral (Portuguese: [ɐˈmilkaɾ ˈlɔpɨʃ kɐˈbɾal]; (1924-09-12)12 September 1924 – (1973-01-20)20 January 1973) was a Bissau-Guinean and Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, political organizer, diplomat, and half-brother of Luís Cabral who was the 1st President of Guinea-Bissau. He was widely remembered as one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders. He was also a pan-Africanist and intellectual nationalist revolutionary poet.

Also known by the nom de guerre Abel Djassi, he led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and the Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau.

Cabral was shot dead on 20 January 1973, about eight months before Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence. He was deeply influenced by Marxism, becoming an inspiration to revolutionary socialists and national independence movements worldwide.
Lou Lowdermilk
Louis Bailey Lowdermilk (February 23, 1887 – December 27, 1975), was an American politician and a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in 1911 and 1912 with the St. Louis Cardinals. Lowdermilk had a 4–5 record with a 3.38 ERA, in 20 career games, in his two-year career.

Prior to major league baseball, he played for the minor league Monmouth Browns (Illinois-Missouri League) in 1908.

He was born in Sandborn, Indiana, and died in Centralia, Illinois. He was the brother of Grover Lowdermilk, who also played in Major League Baseball.

Monmouth, Illinois, minor league baseball history
Minor league baseball teams were based in Monmouth, Illinois in various seasons between 1889 and 1913. Monmouth teams played as members of the Central Interstate League in 1889, Illinois-Iowa League in 1890, Illinois-Missouri League from 1908 to 1909 and Central Association from 1910 to 1913. Monmouth won the 1909 Illinois-Missouri League championship and hosted home games at the 11th Street Park.
Uili Koloʻofai
Uili Kolo'ofai (born 29 September 1982, in Auckland, New Zealand) is a rugby union player from Tonga. He plays for the Tongan national side and previously for Newcastle Falcons as lock. Kolo'ofai was named in Tonga's 2015 Rugby World Cup squad.

Kolo'ofai signed with Newcastle Falcons in 2014 on a two-year contract. After only a year he left the club due to injury woes that saw him make only a few appearances for the Falcons. He played in Japan before he moved to Europe and played in Italy for Parma and Cavalieri Prato. Then he moved to France and played for Colomiers before joining the Newcastle Falcons. After granted early release from Newcastle, Kolofai signed for Jersey Reds from the 2015-16 RFU Championship season.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
Red Nights
Red Nights (Les Nuits rouges du Bourreau de Jade) is a 2010 giallo slasher film directed by Julien Carbon and Laurent Courtiaud. A Hong Kong-French-Belgian co-production, it is a thriller and a tale of erotic horror. The filmmakers call it a Hong Kong giallo with mystery, (sadistic) murders, fetishism and women. The film played at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival in the Midnight Madness section.

Erotic horror
Erotic horror, alternately called horror erotica or dark erotica, is a genre of fiction in which sensual or sexual imagery are blended with horrific overtones or story elements for the purpose of sexual arousal. Horror fiction of this type is most common in literature, film and video games.
Akuapim District
Akuapim District is a former district council that was located in Eastern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1975. However, on 10 March 1989, it was split off into two new district assemblies: Akuapim South District (capital: Nsawam) and Akuapim North District (capital: Akropong). The district assembly was located in the southeast part of Eastern Region and had Nsawam as its capital town.

Akropong
Akropong is a town in South Ghana and the capital of the Akuapim North District, a district in the Eastern Region of South Ghana. It is known for producing snails and palm oil. Akropong has a 2013 settlement population of 13,785 people.
2010 Virginia elections
Elections in Virginia for the 2010 election cycle held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010. Primary elections were held on June 8.

City and town elections were held on May 4. Three special elections were also held:

June 15, 2010: House of Delegates 26th District

June 15, 2010: House of Delegates 27th District

July 13, 2010: City of Portsmouth

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
1978 Wales rugby union tour of Australia
The 1978 Wales rugby union tour of Australia was a series of nine matches played by the Wales national rugby union team in Australia in May and June 1978. The Welsh team won five matches and lost four, including losing both of their international matches against the Australia national rugby union team.

Steve Fenwick
Steven Paul Fenwick (born 23 July 1951) is a Welsh former rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Wales, and at club level for Bridgend RFC, as a centre, i.e. number 12 or 13, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Cardiff City (Bridgend) Blue Dragons, as a centre.
UR G class
The UR G class, known later as the UR / KUR GA class, and later still as the KUR EB class, was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 4-8-0 steam locomotives built by Nasmyth, Wilson and Company in Patricroft, Salford, England, for the Uganda Railway (UR).

The seven members of the class entered service on the UR in 1914.

In 1920, the East Africa Protectorate became the Kenya Crown Colony and was opened for settlement. The UR soon became hard pressed to keep up with the increased movement of goods and produce. Locomotives in the class were used to address that problem.

The class continued in service after the UR was renamed the Kenya-Uganda Railway (KUR) in 1926.

Class (locomotive)
A class of locomotives is a group of locomotives built to a common design, typically for a single railroad or railway. Classes can vary between country, manufacturer, and company. For example, the United States generally used the Whyte notation for steam locomotive classification, but the Baldwin Locomotive Works had their own classification system. A list of locomotive classification systems follows:
Flexible electronics
Flexible electronics, also known as flex circuits, encompass various technologies that are used for assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic components on flexible plastic substrates, such as polyimide, PEEK, or transparent conductive polyester film. Additionally, flex circuits can have the form of screen-printed silver circuits on polyester. Flexible electronic assemblies may be manufactured using identical components used for rigid printed circuit boards, allowing the board to conform to a desired shape or to flex during its use.

Polyether ether ketone
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a beige coloured organic thermoplastic polymer in the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family, used in engineering applications. It was invented in November 1978 and brought to market in the early 1980s by part of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI), the PEEK division was acquired through a management buyout, giving rise to Victrex PLC.
Field school (Israel)
In Israel, field schools are institutions primarily aimed at providing accommodation and guidance services for various tourists. There are twelve field schools across the country in proximity to nature reserves. Their locations range from Mount Hermon in the north to Eilat in the south.

All but two are managed by the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI). The two exceptions are the field schools at Kfar Etzion and the Sha'ar HaGai Field School in Moshav Beit Meir.

Beit Meir
Beit Meir (Hebrew: בית מאיר, lit. 'House of Meir') is a religious moshav in central Israel. Located around nine miles from Jerusalem, just off the Highway 1, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 765.