hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M. Canagaratnam
Mylvaganam Canagaratnam (15 April 1924 – 20 April 1980) was a Sri Lankan Tamil politician and Member of Parliament.

Canagaratnam stood as the Tamil United Liberation Front's candidate for Pottuvil at the 1977 parliamentary election. He came second and entered Parliament as the second member for Pottuvil. In December 1977, he defected to the United National Party-led government and was rewarded by being appointed District Minister for Batticaloa.

Canagaratnam was shot outside his home in Kollupitiya, Colombo on 24 January 1978. The attack was blamed on V. Prabhakaran and Uma Maheswaran of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. He died of his injuries on 20 April 1980.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Per Sandberg
Per Sandberg (born 6 February 1960) is a Norwegian politician for the Capitalist Party and formerly the Progress Party who served as the Norwegian Minister of Fisheries from 2015 to 2018. Sandberg was a member of the Norwegian parliament from 1997 to 2017 (2005–2017 from the Sør-Trøndelag constituency, and before that from Nord-Trøndelag), and served as chair of the parliamentary standing committees on Justice, and Transport and Communications. He has additionally held the position of first deputy leader of the Progress Party from 2006 to 2018. In 1997 he was convicted of assault and battery of an asylum seeker. His status as a convicted felon has made him controversial in Norwegian politics.

An outspoken politician with a blue-collar working background, Sandberg has stoked controversy on numerous occasions, and has been described, by former party chairman Carl I. Hagen as well as the media, as the "proto-typical Progress Party person" (Norwegian: Ur-FrP'eren).

Battery (crime)
Battery is a criminal offense involving "unlawful intentional infliction of harmful or offensive physical contact with another person without consent." This is distinct from assault, which is the act of creating reasonable fear or apprehension of such contact.

Battery is a specific common law offense, although the term is used more generally to refer to any unlawful offensive physical contact with another person. Battery is defined by American common law as "any unlawful and/or unwanted touching of the person of another by the aggressor, or by a substance put in motion by them". In more severe cases, and for all types in some jurisdictions, it is chiefly defined by statutory wording. Assessment of the severity of a battery is determined by local law.
Mustafa Yektaoğlu
Mustafa Yektaoğlu (born 1951 in Nicosia, Cyprus) is a Turkish Cypriot doctor and politician. He studied at the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine at Istanbul University graduating in 1978. He later specialised in Germany, where he worked until 1986. After 1988, he wrote a column in the newspaper Yeni Düzen. He served as a member of the board of directors of the Cyprus Turkish Medical Association and the doctors' union Tıp-İş. He was a member of the Assembly of Northern Cyprus between 2005 and 2013 (he was elected twice, in 2005 and 2009) as a member of the Republican Turkish Party representing the Lefkoşa District. He served as the vice-speaker of the assembly between 6 May 2009 and 12 August 2013.

Republican Turkish Party
The Republican Turkish Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi, CTP) is a social democratic political party in Northern Cyprus. The party was founded in 1970 by Ahmet Mithat Berberoğlu, a lawyer, in opposition to the leadership of Fazıl Küçük and Rauf Denktaş.

On 30 June 2008, the Republican Turkish Party became a consultative member of the Socialist International (voted in by all members except the Greek Cypriot Movement for Social Democracy). It became a full member of the organization in 2014.
2024 Challenger Ciudad de Guayaquil – Doubles
Arklon and Conner Huertas del Pino were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Karol Drzewiecki and Piotr Matuszewski.

Drzewiecki and Matuszewski won the title after defeating Luís Britto and Marcelo Zormann 6–4, 7–6(7–2) in the final.

Conner Huertas del Pino
Conner Huertas del Pino (born 20 December 1995) is a Peruvian tennis player.

Huertas del Pino has a career high ATP singles ranking of 520 achieved on 1 August 2022. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 174 achieved on 14 July 2025.

Huertas del Pino represents Peru at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 0–2.
Andrzej Trzebski
Andrzej Trzebski (2 February 1928 – 5 July 2017) was a Polish physiologist and neurophysiologist. Since 1971 professor in Medical University of Warsaw. A member of: Warsaw Scientific Society (since 1981), Polish Academy of Sciences (1983) and Polish Academy of Learning (since 1990). Doctor honoris causa of Jagiellonian University.

He was decorated with a Gold Cross of Merit (1971), a Knight's Cross of Polonia Restituta (1981) and a Commander's Cross of Polonia Restituta (1998).

He died on 5 July 2017 at the age of 89 in Warsaw.

Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences or Polish Academy of Learning (Polish: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, PAU), headquartered in Kraków and founded in 1872, is one of two institutions in contemporary Poland having the nature of an academy of sciences (the other being the Polish Academy of Sciences, headquartered in Warsaw).

The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences is co-owner of the Polish Library in Paris.
House of Kulmer
The Kulmer family is a noble family originating in the Duchy of Carinthia. The family ancestry is traced back to the 14th century under names of Kulmer and von Münzenbach. Georg Kulmer (?–1567) had the Rosenbichl Castle built near Klagenfurt, while his brother Hermann Kulmer (?–1546) built the Hohenstein Castle near Sankt Veit an der Glan. Johann Balthasar Kulmer (?–1683) was awarded the title of baron in 1654 and the title of von Rosenpichl und Hohenstein. His three sons, Georg Ferdinand (1638–1706), Christoph Andreas, and Ferdinand Ernst are deemed the progenitors of the Carinthian, Styrian and Croatian branches of the family respectively.

St. Veit an der Glan
St. Veit an der Glan (Austrian German: [saŋkt ˈfaɪt an deːɐ̯ ˈɡlaːn]) is a town in the Austrian state of Carinthia, the administrative centre of the St. Veit an der Glan District. It served as the capital of the Duchy of Carinthia until 1518. The famous chef Wolfgang Puck was born there in 1949.
NCAA Season 63 basketball tournaments
The 1987 NCAA basketball tournament was the 63rd season in the Philippine National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Letran Knights successfully defended their championship in the Seniors division, while the San Beda Red Cubs clinched their first Juniors championship, returning from a leave of absence.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)
The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA; /ˌɛnsiː.eɪˈeɪ/ EN-see-AY-AY) is an athletic association of ten  private colleges and universities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Established in 1924, it is the oldest collegiate athletic association in the country. It is not affiliated with the NCAA of the United States, as such it is also referred to as NCAA Philippines to differentiate the two associations.
14th Tony Awards
The 14th Annual Tony Awards took place at the Astor Hotel Grand Ballroom on April 24, 1960, and was broadcast on local television station WCBS-TV in New York City. The Master of Ceremonies was Eddie Albert.

Hotel Astor
Hotel Astor was a hotel on Times Square in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City, New York, U.S. Built in 1905 and expanded in 1909–1910 for the Astor family, the hotel occupied a site bounded by Broadway, Shubert Alley, and 44th and 45th Streets. Architects Clinton & Russell designed the hotel as an 11-story Beaux-Arts edifice with a mansard roof. It contained 1,000 guest rooms, with two more levels underground for its extensive "backstage" functions, such as the wine cellar.

The hotel was developed as a successor to the Waldorf-Astoria. Hotel Astor's success triggered the construction of the nearby Knickerbocker Hotel by other members of the Astor family two years later. The building was razed in 1967 to make way for the high-rise office tower One Astor Plaza.
Frans Floris
Frans Floris, Frans Floris the Elder or Frans Floris de Vriendt (17 April 1519 – 1 October 1570) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman, print artist and tapestry designer. He is mainly known for his history paintings, allegorical scenes and portraits. He played an important role in the movement in Northern Renaissance painting referred to as Romanism. The Romanists had typically travelled to Italy to study the works of leading Italian High Renaissance artists such as Michelangelo, Raphael and their followers. Their art assimilated these Italian influences into the Northern painting tradition.

After returning from travels in Italy in 1545, he became a leading painter in his native Antwerp, then at the height of its prosperity.  Large numbers of his works for churches were destroyed in the Beeldenstorm of 1566.

High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.
Sorthat Formation
The Sorthat Formation is a geologic formation on Bornholm, Denmark, and the Rønne Graben, Baltic Sea, from the Latest Pliensbachian to Late Toarcian. It holds plant fossils and invertebrate traces, overlain by fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the Aalenian-Bathonian Bagå Formation. Initially classified as part of the Bagå Formation until 2003, it spans the Latest Pliensbachian to Early Aalenian. It reflects a deltaic to marine setting with eastern river systems forming in the Toarcian. Early Pliensbachian volcanism from southern Sweden extended across the North Sea. The Central Skåne Volcanic Province and Egersund Basin contributed volcanic material, affecting tectonics. Early Jurassic porphyritic nephelinite lavas in the Egersund Basin, akin to those in the formation's clay pits, suggest fluvial sediment transport to the Grimmen Formation and Ciechocinek Formation. The Grimmen Formation is its sister unit.

Fluvial sediment processes
In geography and geology, fluvial sediment processes or fluvial sediment transport are associated with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by sediments. It can result in the formation of ripples and dunes, in fractal-shaped patterns of erosion, in complex patterns of natural river systems, and in the development of floodplains and the occurrence of flash floods. Sediment moved by water can be larger than sediment moved by air because water has both a higher density and viscosity. In typical rivers the largest carried sediment is of sand and gravel size, but larger floods can carry cobbles and even boulders.
When the stream or rivers are associated with glaciers, ice sheets, or ice caps, the term glaciofluvial or fluvioglacial is used, as in periglacial flows and glacial lake outburst floods. Fluvial sediment processes include the motion of sediment and erosion or deposition on the river bed.
Buday
Buday (IPA: [of buda], literally "of Buda"), is the Magyar surname of several people:

Dénes von Buday (1890–1963), Hungarian composer

Attila Buday (born 1974), Canadian flatwater canoeist

Ferenc Buday (born 1951), Hungarian handball player

Helen Buday (born 1962), Australian actress

Tamas Buday Jr. (born 1976), Canadian flatwater canoeist

Zoltán Buday (born 1952), Hungarian-Canadian actor

Tamas Buday Jr.
Tamás Buday Jr. (born April 23, 1976) is a Hungarian-born Canadian sprint canoer who competed from 1996 to 2006. He won three silver medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships (C-2 1000 m: 2006, C-4 1000 m: 2002, 2003). Buday was born in Budapest, Hungary.

Competing in three Summer Olympics alongside his brother Attila, Buday earned his best finish of seventh in the C-2 1000 m event at Sydney in 2000.

Buday's father Tamás won bronze medals for Hungary in the C-2 500 m and C-2 1000 m events at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal.
Nymphargus anomalus
Nymphargus anomalus is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and occurs on the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes in the Napo Province. Common name Napo Cochran frog has been coined for it.

Napo Province
Napo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnapo]) is a province of Ecuador. Its capital is Tena. The province is named after the Napo River. The province is not well developed and does not have much industrial presence. The thick rainforest is home to many natives that remain isolated by preference, descendants of those who fled the Spanish invasion in the Andes, and the Incas years before. In 2000, the province was the sole remaining majority-indigenous province of Ecuador, with 56.3% of the province either claiming indigenous identity or speaking an indigenous language.

This province is one of the many located in Ecuador's section of the Amazon rainforest.

In Napo province are also Antisana Ecological Reserve, Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park, and Limoncocha National Biological Reserve.
2014 Winston-Salem Open – Doubles
Daniel Nestor and Leander Paes were the defending champions but chose not to participate together.  Nestor played alongside Rohan Bopanna, but they lost in the first round to Juan Sebastián Cabal and Robert Farah.  Paes teamed up with David Marrero, but they retired in the first round against Sam Groth and Chris Guccione.
Cabal and Farah won the title, defeating Jamie Murray and John Peers in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

David Marrero
David Marrero Santana (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið maˈreɾo sanˈtana]; born 8 April 1980) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. Marrero won 14 doubles titles and reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 in November 2013.
AO-63 assault rifle
The AO-63 (Автомат АО-63) is a Soviet two-barrel AK derived assault rifle chambered for the 5.45×39mm round. It was designed by Sergei Simonov and Peter Tkachev, and manufactured by TsNIITochMash. It uses a side-by-side barrel configuration, and it can reach a maximum rate of fire of 6000 rounds/min when fired in two-round burst mode with a 0.01 second delay to increase ballistic performance, making it technically the fastest-firing rifle known.

Rate of fire
Rate of fire is the frequency at which a specific weapon can fire or launch its projectiles. This can be influenced by several factors, including operator training level, mechanical limitations, ammunition availability, and weapon condition. In modern weaponry, it is usually measured in rounds per minute (RPM or round/min) or rounds per second (RPS or round/s).

There are three different measurements for the rate of fire: cyclic, sustained, and rapid. Cyclic is the maximum rate of fire given only mechanical function, not taking into account degradation of function due to heat, wear, or ammunition constraints. Sustained is the maximum efficient rate of fire given the time taken to load the weapon and keep it cool enough to operate. Finally, rapid is the maximum reasonable rate of fire in an emergency when the rate of fire need not be upheld for long periods.
Värmlandryggen
Värmlandryggen is a mountain ridge in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The ridge has a length of about nine kilometers, and is located at the northern side of Isfjorden, east of Trygghamna and Lovénvatnet, and west of Ymerbukta.The ridge includes the mountains Klaratoppen, Hovtinden, Karlstadtoppen and Svenskegga.

Oscar II Land
Oscar II Land is the land area between Isfjorden and Kongsfjorden on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The 30 km (19 mi) long glacier Sveabreen divides Oscar II Land from James I Land.

The area is named after Oscar II of Sweden. Older name variants are Oscar II's Land and Terre Oscar II.

The Hofgaardtoppen mountain is the highest peak in Oscar II Land.
2025 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials
The 2025 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials (branded as the 2025 Montana's Canadian Curling Trials for sponsorship reasons) were held from November 22 to 29 at the Scotiabank Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The winners of the men's and women's events represented Canada at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Montana's
Montana's BBQ & Bar (originally and in some cases, still branded as Montana's Cookhouse Saloon) is a Canadian restaurant chain known for smoked pork ribs, steaks, and burgers. It is headquartered in Vaughan, Ontario and is a subsidiary of Recipe Unlimited.
J & E Wood
J & E Wood was a company that manufactured stationary steam engines.  It was based in the Bolton in Greater Manchester, England.  The company produced large steam-driven engines for textile mills in Lancashire and elsewhere.

Stationary steam engine
Stationary steam engines are fixed steam engines used for pumping or driving mills and factories, and for power generation. They are distinct from locomotive engines used on railways, traction engines for heavy steam haulage on roads, steam cars (and other motor vehicles), agricultural engines used for ploughing or threshing, marine engines, and the steam turbines used as the mechanism of power generation for most nuclear power plants.

The development of the steam engine was gradual. They were introduced during the 18th century and widely made for the whole of the 19th century and most of the first half of the 20th century, only declining as electricity supply and the internal combustion engine became more widespread. Over time, they would improve in pressure, expansion and speed.
Festus Segun
Festus Oluwole Segun (born 20 March 1915) was a Nigerian Anglican bishop.

Segun was born in Ijebu Ode. He was educated at Our Saviour's Primary School in Ijebu Ode; St. Andrew's College in Oyo and Fourah Bay College, Sierra Leone.

Segun was ordained an Anglican deacon in 1951 and a priest in 1952. He held posts in Ebute Metta, Aroloya and Yaba. From 1956 to 1960 he studied at Union Theological Seminary in New York City before becoming a lecturer at St Augustine's College, Canterbury. On his return to Lagos, he was appointed provost of the Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos, a post he held until 1970 when he became Bishop of Northern Nigeria. In 1975 he was translated to Lagos, a role that he retired from in 1985. He was also involved in the foundation of the Christian Association of Nigeria.

Oyo, Oyo State
Oyo is a city in Oyo State, Nigeria. It was founded as the capital of the remnant of the historic Oyo empire in the 1830s, and is known to its people as 'New Oyo' (Ọ̀yọ́ Àtìbà) to distinguish it from the former capital to the north, 'Old Oyo' (Ọ̀yọ́-Ilé), which had been deserted as a result of the Yoruba Civil Wars. Its inhabitants are mostly of the Yoruba people, and its ruler is the Alaafin of Oyo.
Robin Dahlstrøm
Robin Dahlstrøm (born 29 January 1988) is a Norwegian former professional ice hockey player who last played for Storhamar in the Norwegian hockey league GET-ligaen in 2021.

Dahlstrøm has played primarily in his native Norway for the Frisk Asker organization, including his junior and most of his professional career. In 2011 he moved to the Swedish club IF Troja/Ljungby in the HockeyAllsvenskan.

For the 2013–14 season Dahlstrøm signed with Örebro HK of the SHL. He was also loaned to HockeyAllsvenskan club Djurgårdens IF for several matches.

Dahlstrøm competed in the 2013 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Norway men's national ice hockey team. He was also named to Norway's 25 man roster for the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Mats Zuccarello of the Minnesota Wild (NHL) and Fabian Zuccarello of the Valencia Flyers (WSHL) are his step-brothers

Storhamar Hockey
Storhamar Hockey, often referred to by its initials SIL, is a Norwegian ice hockey team based in Hamar, Norway. The club currently plays in the EliteHockey Ligaen, the highest level of Norwegian hockey. The club has won eight regular season titles and seven national championships since its founding on 18 March 1957. Storhamar play their home games in the CC Amfi. The club also includes the largest junior department in Norwegian ice hockey. The team colours are yellow and blue.
Web widget
A web widget is a web page or web application that is embedded as an element of a host web page but which is substantially independent of the host page, having limited or no interaction with the host. A web widget commonly provides users of the host page access to resources from another web site, content that the host page may be prevented from accessing itself by the  browser's same-origin policy or the content provider's CORS policy. That content includes advertising (Google's AdSense), sponsored external links (Taboola), user comments (Disqus), social media buttons (Twitter, Facebook), news (USA Today), and weather (AccuWeather). Some web widgets though serve as user-selectable customizations of the host page itself (Common Ninja, Elfsight, Powr, OpenWidget).

Cross-origin resource sharing
In computing, cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) is a mechanism to safely bypass the same-origin policy; that is, it allows a web page to access restricted resources from a web server on a domain name different from the domain that served the web page.

A web page may freely embed cross-origin images, stylesheets, scripts, iframes, and videos. Certain "cross-domain" HTTP requests, notably Ajax requests, are forbidden by default by the same-origin security policy. CORS defines a way in which a web browser and server can interact to determine whether it is safe to allow the cross-origin request. It allows for more freedom and functionality than purely same-origin requests, but is more secure than simply allowing all cross-origin requests.

The specification for CORS is included as part of the WHATWG's Fetch Living Standard. This specification describes how CORS is currently implemented in browsers. An earlier specification was published as a W3C Recommendation.
David Graham (golfer)
Anthony David Graham, AM (born 23 May 1946) is an Australian golfer. Graham turned pro as a teenager and had much success on the Australasian circuits in his youth, winning several tournaments. In 1972, he joined the PGA Tour where he continued with good play, winning several tournaments. This culminated with major tournament wins at the 1979 PGA Championship and 1981 U.S. Open. As a senior, Graham won five times on the Senior PGA Tour.

Victorian Open
The Victorian Open is an annual golf tournament held in Australia. It was founded in 1957 and is the Victoria state open championship for men. It is run by Golf Victoria and is a Golf Australia national ranking event.

The event is held concurrently with the Women's Victorian Open and offers equal prize pool for the two events. The tournament's tag line is: "Men and women. On the same course. At the same time. For equal prize money." The men and women play on the same course at the same time in alternating groups.