hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kfar Giladi
Kfar Giladi (Hebrew: כפר גלעדי, lit. 'Giladi Village') is a kibbutz in the Galilee Panhandle of northern Israel. Located south of Metula on the Naftali Mountains above the Hula Valley and along the Lebanese border, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2023, it had a population of 789.

Kfar Giladi is also notable for archaeological discoveries such as Neolithic and Chalcolithic findings as well as the remains of a Jewish mausoleum dating from Roman times.

Galilee Panhandle
The Galilee Panhandle (Hebrew: אצבע הגליל, Etzba HaGalil (lit. "Finger of the Galilee"), is an elongated geopolitical area or "panhandle" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona.

The ancient site of Tel Dan is located in the Galilean panhandle.
Bellova Ves
Bellova Ves  (Hungarian: Vittény, pronounced [ˈvitːeːɲ]) is a village and municipality in the Dunajská Streda District in the Trnava Region of south-west Slovakia.

Census 2011: 229 inhabitants
122 Slovaks, 56 Hungarians and 51 others nationality

Trnava Region
The Trnava Region (Slovak: Trnavský kraj, pronounced [ˈtr̩nawskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Nagyszombati kerület; German: Tyrnauer Landschaftsverband) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. It was established in 1996, before which date, most of its districts were parts of Bratislava Region which was established on the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1923. It consists of 251 municipalities, from which 16 have a town status. It is the second most densely populated region in Slovakia.
Orient campaign medal
The Orient campaign medal (French: "Médaille commémorative d'Orient") was a French military medal bestowed for participation in the battles against the Central Powers by the Allied Eastern Army between 1915 and 1918.

These battles culminated in the 1918 successful offensive under French general Louis Franchet d'Espèrey in Macedonia knocking Bulgaria out of the war and the overrunning of much of the Balkans.

Macedonia (region)
Macedonia (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/ ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time; however, it came to be defined as the modern geographical region by the mid-19th century. Today the region is considered to include parts of six Balkan countries: all of North Macedonia, large parts of Greece and Bulgaria, and smaller parts of Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo. Greek Macedonia comprises about half of Macedonia's area and population.

Its oldest known settlements date back approximately to 7,000 BC. From the middle of the 4th century BC, the Kingdom of Macedon became the dominant power on the Balkan Peninsula; since then Macedonia has had a diverse history.
Kemerovo State University
The Kemerovo State University (Russian: Ке́меровский госуда́рственный университе́т) (KemSU) was established in 1973 as a successor to Kemerovo Pedagogical Institute. It is a leading educational and scientific center of Kemerovo Oblast with five branches throughout the oblast in Belovo, Anzhero-Sudzhensk, Novokuznetsk, Prokopyevsk, as well as in Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia. The university is officially recognized by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.

Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Russia)
The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации) is a ministry established in May 2018 as a result of splitting the Ministry of Education and Science, which existed from March 2004, into two separate agencies and the transfer of the tasks previously done by the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations to the new ministry. The former head of FANO was appointed minister.

The second simultaneously emerged agency is the Ministry of Education sometimes called "of General Education" or "of Enlightenment".
Portland and Western Railroad
The Portland and Western Railroad (reporting mark PNWR) is a 478-mile (769 km) Class II railroad serving the U.S. state of Oregon, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of shortline and regional railroad holding company Genesee & Wyoming Inc. The PNWR includes a subsidiary, the Willamette and Pacific Railroad (reporting mark WPRR).

PNWR's tracks lie entirely within Oregon, extending from Astoria to Portland along the Columbia River, from Portland to Eugene through the Willamette Valley, and along several spurs through the Northern Oregon Coast Range.

Northern Oregon Coast Range
The Northern Oregon Coast Range is the northern section of the Oregon Coast Range, in the Pacific Coast Ranges physiographic region, located in the northwest portion of the state of Oregon, United States. This section of the mountain range, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges, contains peaks as high as 3,710 feet (1,131 m) for Rogers Peak. Forests in these mountains are considered to be some of the most productive timber land in the world. The Central Oregon Coast Range is directly south of this section with the Southern Oregon Coast Range beyond the central range.
2023 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles
Carlos Alcaraz defeated four-time defending champion Novak Djokovic in the final, 1–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–1, 3–6, 6–4 to win the gentlemen's singles tennis title at the 2023 Wimbledon Championships. It was his first Wimbledon title and second major title overall.

Alcaraz, Djokovic, and Daniil Medvedev were in contention for the world No. 1 singles ranking. Alcaraz retained the No. 1 ranking with his victory, and became the first player to qualify for the year-end championships.

For the first time since 2002, the top seed and the winner of the event was not a member of the Big Four. This tournament marked the final Wimbledon singles appearance of two-time champion, two-time Olympic gold medalist, and former world No. 1 Andy Murray. He lost in the second round to Stefanos Tsitsipas.

Fábián Marozsán
Fábián Marozsán (born 8 October 1999) is a Hungarian professional tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 36 achieved on 6 May 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 336 achieved on 14 July 2025. He is currently the No. 1 Hungarian player.
Slow television
Slow television, or slow TV (Norwegian: sakte-TV), is a genre of "marathon" television coverage of an ordinary event in its complete length. Its name is derived both from the long endurance of the broadcast as well as from the natural slow pace of the television programme's progress. It was popularised in the 2000s by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), beginning with the broadcast of a seven-hour train journey in 2009.

Sleep (1964 film)
Sleep is a 1964 American underground film by Andy Warhol. Lasting five hours and 21 minutes, it consists of looped footage of John Giorno, Warhol's lover at the time, sleeping.

The film was one of Warhol's first experiments with filmmaking, and was created as an "anti-film". Warhol would later extend this technique to his eight-hour-long film Empire (1965).
Trevor Ryan
Trevor Ryan is an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s.  He played for Balmain, Western Suburbs and Newtown in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition.  Ryan is the father of Matt Ryan who played for Parramatta between 2012 and 2013.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Hartenstein (surname)
Hartenstein is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chuck Hartenstein (1942–2021), former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball

Gustav Hartenstein (1808–1890), German philosopher and author

Isaiah Hartenstein (born 1998), German-American basketball player

Eddy Hartenstein, American CEO of Tribune Company and Los Angeles Times

Reiner Hartenstein, German computer pioneer

Werner Hartenstein (1908–1943), U-boat captain involved in the Laconia incident

Isaiah Hartenstein
Isaiah Hartenstein (/ˈhɑːrtənʃtaɪn/ HAR-tən-shtyne, German: [ˈhaʁtn̩ʃtaɪn] ⓘ) (born May 5, 1998) is an American-German professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Listed at 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m), Hartenstein plays the center position.

Before playing in the NBA, Hartenstein played in Germany before playing in Lithuania for Zalgiris Kaunas, with which he won a Lithuanian League championship in 2017. After he left Lithuania in 2017, the Houston Rockets selected him with the 43rd overall pick in the 2017 NBA draft, but he didn’t make his NBA debut with the Rockets until the next season. In 2024, Hartenstein signed with the Thunder and won the 2025 NBA Finals in his first season with the team. He has also played for the Denver Nuggets, Cleveland Cavaliers, Los Angeles Clippers, New York Knicks, and the Germany men's national basketball team.
Crab canon
A crab canon (also known by the Latin form of the name, canon cancrizans; as well as retrograde canon, canon per recte et retro or canon per rectus et inversus) is an arrangement of two musical lines that are complementary and backward. If the two lines were placed next to each other (as opposed to stacked), the lines would form something conceptually similar to a palindrome. The name 'crab' refers to the fact that crabs are known to walk backward (although they can also walk forward and sideways). It originally referred to a kind of canon in which one line is played backward (e.g. FABACEAE played simultaneously with EAECABAF). An example is found in J. S. Bach's The Musical Offering, which also contains a table canon ("Quaerendo invenietis"), which combines retrogression with inversion by having one player turn the music upside down.

Inversion (music)
In music theory, an inversion is a rearrangement of the top-to-bottom elements in an interval, a chord, a melody, or a group of contrapuntal lines of music. In each of these cases, "inversion" has a distinct but related meaning. The concept of inversion also plays an important role in musical set theory.
Erma Werke
The Erfurter Maschinenfabrik (ERMA) was a German weapons manufacturer founded in 1922 by Berthold Geipel. Prior to and during World War II it manufactured many firearms, including the Karabiner 98k, the MP40 and other submachine guns.

The company is also noted for having produced various forms of military training rifles, including the famous EL 24 subcaliber "Barrel Insert" training devices that allowed .22 long rifle ammunition to be fired from infantry rifles such as the Karabiner 98 and Steyr-Mannlicher M1895 through use of a special action conversion kit and a thin-walled .22 caliber barrel inserted within the larger rifle's bore.

Sub-caliber training
Sub-caliber training is used to save wear and expense when training with a larger gun by use of smaller weapons (sometimes, but not always, with very similar ballistic characteristics). The smaller weapons could be inserted into the larger weapon's barrel, externally attached to the barrel or mounted above the weapon.

Examples include 2.25-Inch Sub-Caliber Aircraft Rocket to train aircraft pilots to shoot aerial rockets that emerged during WWII, or the M303 Sub-Caliber insert for the 120 mm (4.7 in) M120 mortar that allows the mortar to use 81 mm (3.2 in) ammunition or the M49A1 sub-caliber device, which used 7.62×51mm NATO rifle rounds in the 90 mm (3.5 in) M67 recoilless rifle. These devices/weapons have been used for guns as large as the 12–16-inch (304.8–406.4 mm) main guns of battleships.
Blossoms 666
Blossoms 666 is a 5-issue comic book miniseries published by Archie Horror, an imprint of Archie Comics, in 2019. The story, which takes place in an alternate reality from the main Archie Comics continuity, focuses on siblings Cheryl and Jason Blossom as they compete for the title of Anti-christ. The series was created by writer Cullen Bunn and artist Laura Braga.

Veronica Lodge
Veronica Cecilia Lodge is one of the main characters in the Archie Comics franchise, and is the keyboardist and one of the three vocalists of rock band The Archies.

She is from New York but currently resides in the town of Riverdale, with her parents Hiram Lodge and Hermione Lodge. She is portrayed by Camila Mendes in Riverdale and Suhana Khan in The Archies.
Immonen
Immonen is a Finnish surname, most prevalent in Kainuu. Notable people with the surname include:

Antero Immonen (born 1935), Finnish ski jumper

Janne Immonen (born 1968), Finnish cross country skier

Jarkko Immonen (born 1982), Finnish ice hockey player

Jarkko Immonen (ice hockey, born 1984), Finnish ice hockey player

Jukka Immonen (born 1978), Finnish musician, record producer and composer

Kaarina Immonen, Finnish United Nations official

Kathryn Immonen, Canadian comic book and webcomic writer

Lotta Immonen (born 1996), Finnish curler

Mika Immonen (1972–2025), Finnish pool player

Olli Immonen (born 1986), member of the Finnish Parliament

Riitta Immonen (1918–2008), Finnish fashion artist and entrepreneur

Riku Immonen (born 1974), Finnish Muay Thai kickboxer and coach

Stuart Immonen, Canadian comic book artist

Tomi Immonen (born 1966), Finnish politician

Waltteri Immonen (born 1967), Finnish ice hockey defenseman and coach

Riku Immonen
Riku Immonen is a retired Finnish professional Muay Thai kickboxer and active muay thai coach. He is an amateur and professional Muay Thai World Champion. He trains fighters out of Turku Muay Thai. Most well known students are UFC fighter Makwan Amirkhani, Topi Helin and Daniel Forsberg. He trains also UFC fighter Teemu Packalen.
Pradeep Dubey
Pradeep Dubey (born 9 January 1951) is an Indian game theorist. He is a Professor of Economics at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and a member of the Stony Brook Center for Game Theory. He also holds a visiting position at Cowles Foundation, Yale University. He did his schooling at the St. Columba's School, Delhi. He received his Ph.D. in applied mathematics from Cornell University and B.Sc. (with honors in physics) from the University of Delhi. His research areas of interest are game theory and mathematical economics. He has published, among others, in Econometrica, Games and Economic Behavior, Journal of Economic Theory, and Quarterly Journal of Economics. He is a Fellow  of The Econometric Society, ACM Fellow and a member of the council of the Game Theory Society.

Games and Economic Behavior
Games and Economic Behavior (GEB) is a journal of game theory published by Elsevier.  Founded in 1989, the journal's stated objective is to communicate game-theoretic ideas across theory and applications.  It is considered to be the leading journal of game theory and one of the top journals in economics, and it is one of the two official journals of the Game Theory Society. Apart from game theory and economics, the research areas of the journal also include applications of game theory in political science, biology, computer science, mathematics and psychology.

The founding editor-in-chief of GEB is Ehud Kalai. Current editor-in-chief is Hervé Moulin (since January 1, 2021). Each paper is initially assigned by GEB's chief editor to one of the seven editors (including himself). The chief editor has final decision authority.
Galactorrhea hyperprolactinemia
Galactorrhea hyperprolactinemia is increased blood prolactin levels associated with galactorrhea (abnormal milk secretion). It may be caused by such things as certain medications, pituitary disorders and thyroid disorders. The condition can occur in males as well as females. Relatively common etiologies include prolactinoma, medication effect, kidney failure, granulomatous diseases of the pituitary gland, and disorders which interfere with the hypothalamic inhibition of prolactin release. Ectopic (non-pituitary) production of prolactin may also occur. Galactorrhea hyperprolactinemia is listed as a “rare disease” by the Office of Rare Diseases of the National Institutes of Health. This means that it affects less than 200,000 people in the United States population.

Granuloma
A granuloma is an aggregation of macrophages (along with other cells) that forms in response to chronic inflammation. This occurs when the immune system attempts to isolate foreign substances that it is otherwise unable to eliminate. Such substances include infectious organisms including bacteria and fungi, as well as other materials such as foreign objects, keratin, and suture fragments.
Arshin Mal Alan (operetta)
Arshin Mal Alan (Azerbaijani: Arşın mal alan, lit. 'The Cloth Peddler') is a 1913 comic and romantic operetta by Azerbaijani composer Uzeyir Hajibeyov about a cloth peddler in 1900s Shusha, who is looking for a wife. Hajibeyov composed the operetta in Saint Petersburg and it was staged on October 25, 1913. The operetta is rich in national characteristics and realism. Following the opening in Azerbaijan, Arshin Mal Alan was performed in theatres of Tbilisi, Yerevan and Ashgabat, as well as Iran and Turkey.

Ashgabat
Ashgabat is the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies between the Karakum Desert and the Köpetdag mountain range in Central Asia, approximately 50 km (30 mi) away from the Iran-Turkmenistan border. The city has a population of 1,030,063 (2022 census).

The city was founded in 1881 on the basis of an Ahal Teke tribal village, and made the capital of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic in 1924 when it was known as Poltoratsk. Much of the city was destroyed by the 1948 Ashgabat earthquake, but has since been extensively rebuilt under the rule of Saparmyrat Nyýazow's "White City" urban renewal project, resulting in monumental projects sheathed in costly white marble. The Soviet-era Karakum Canal runs through the city, carrying waters from the Amu Darya from east to west.

Today, as the capital of an independent Turkmenistan, Ashgabat retains a multiethnic population, with ethnic Turkmen as the majority. In 2021, it celebrated 140 years of its written history.
De facto denial
De facto denial or functional denial is a situation that can occur in health insurance and workers' compensation insurance when a claim is not denied outright, but in practical terms it is not covered.  If cost reduction by an insurer is the reason for de facto denials as part of utilization management, it can lead to healthcare rationing through denials of care or coverage, delays in care, and unexpected financial risks to patients.

Financial risk
Financial risk is any of various types of risk associated with financing, including financial transactions that include company loans in risk of default. Often it is understood to include only downside risk, meaning the potential for financial loss and uncertainty about its extent.

Modern portfolio theory initiated by Harry Markowitz in 1952 under his thesis titled "Portfolio Selection" is the discipline and study which pertains to managing market and financial risk.  In modern portfolio theory, the variance (or standard deviation) of a portfolio is used as the definition of risk.
1932 Republican National Convention
The 1932 Republican National Convention was held at Chicago Stadium in Chicago, Illinois, from June 14 to June 16, 1932. It nominated President Herbert Hoover and Vice President Charles Curtis for reelection.

Hoover was virtually unopposed for the nomination. Despite the economic crisis facing the country, the convention praised Hoover and pledged itself to maintain a balanced budget.

Hanford MacNider
Hanford MacNider (2 October 1889 – 18 February 1968) was a senior officer of the United States Army who fought in both world wars. He also served as a diplomat, the Assistant Secretary of War of the United States from 1925 to 1928 and the National Commander of the American Legion from 1921 to 1922. He was also the United States Ambassador to Canada.
2022–23 Russian First League
The 2022–23 Russian First League was the 31st season of Russia's second-tier football league since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The season began on 16 July 2022, and will have a 3 month winter break between game weeks 20 and 21 (November to March). For the first time, 18 teams will participate instead of 20  On 23 June 2022, the league was renamed from Russian Football National League to Russian First League.

FC KAMAZ Naberezhnye Chelny
KAMAZ (Russian: Футбольный клуб КАМАЗ Набережные Челны) is a Russian football club based in Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia. The club plays in the second-tier Russian First League.

Colours are (Home) all white. (Away) Light blue shirts, white shorts.
2015 One-Day Cup
The 2015 Royal London One-Day Cup tournament was the scheduled limited overs cricket competition for 2015 season of England and Wales first-class counties. It was won by Gloucestershire, who defeated Surrey by the narrow margin of six runs, despite a hat-trick from Jade Dernbach, in what was described as 'a thrilling finish'. The title was Gloucestershire's first trophy since the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, when they defeated a Worcestershire side that included 2015 Surrey captain Gareth Batty.

County cricket
Inter-county cricket matches have been played since the early 18th century, involving teams that are representative of the historic counties of England and Wales.

Two county championship competitions have existed since the late 19th century at different levels: the County Championship, a first-class competition which involves 18 clubs, of which 17 are English and one is from Wales; and the National Counties Championship, with 19 English clubs and one club representing several Welsh counties.

County clubs have also played limited-overs competitions since the 1960s. The first edition of the Gillette Cup in 1963 was the world's first List A cricket tournament. The Sunday League existed from 1969 to 2009, mostly as a 40-overs-per-side league. The 2003 Twenty20 Cup was the world's first Twenty20 tournament. Currently, the main limited-overs county competitions are the One-Day Cup, Women's One-Day Cup, T20 Blast and Women's T20 Blast.
2006–07 Argentine Primera División
The 2006–07 Argentina Primera División was the 116th season of first division football in Argentina. Estudiantes (LP) won the Torneo Apertura and San Lorenzo won the Torneo Clausura.

Godoy Cruz, Nueva Chicago, and Belgrano were promoted from the 2005–06 Primera B Nacional.

At the end of the season, Belgrano and Quilmes were directly relegated to the Primera B Nacional and Huracán and Tigre promoted from Primera B Nacional after winning the relegation playoff against Godoy Cruz and Nueva Chicago respectively. Therefore, a total of four teams were relegated to the second division.

Club Atlético Nueva Chicago
Club Atlético Nueva Chicago is an Argentine sports club based in Mataderos, a neighborhood in the west side of Buenos Aires, formerly called "Nueva Chicago". The club's nickname, El Torito (lit. 'The Little Bull') is an allusion to legendary 1930s boxer Justo Suárez, known as El Torito de Mataderos ('The Little Bull of Mataderos').

The club is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in Primera B Nacional, the second division of the Argentine football league system. Other sports practised at the club are basketball, boxing, field hockey, futsal, handball, roller skating and volleyball.