hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is an eye disease primarily affecting the choroid. It may cause sudden blurring of vision or a scotoma in the central field of vision. Since Indocyanine green angiography gives better imaging of choroidal structures, it is more preferred in diagnosing PCV. Treatment options of PCV include careful observation, photodynamic therapy, thermal laser, intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF therapy, or combination therapy.

Photodynamic therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving light and a photosensitizing chemical substance used in conjunction with molecular oxygen to elicit cell death (phototoxicity).

PDT is used in treating acne, wet age-related macular degeneration, psoriasis, and herpes. It is used to treat malignant cancers, including head and neck, lung, bladder and skin.

Advantages lessen the need for delicate surgery and lengthy recuperation and minimal formation of scar tissue and disfigurement. A side effect is the associated photosensitisation of skin tissue.
Banquo's Ghost
Banquo's Ghost (French: Le spectre de Banquo) is an 1854 oil painting by the French Romantic artist Théodore Chassériau. The painting features a scene from William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth.

The painting features the moment in Act 3 Scene 4 when Macbeth is confronted by the appearance of the ghost of Banquo during a nightime banquet.

Chassériau submitted the work for the Salon of 1855 but it was rejected. It was acquired in 1939 by the Museum of Fine Arts in Reims.

Exposition Universelle (1855)
The Exposition Universelle of 1855 (French pronunciation: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]), better known in English as the 1855 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held on the Champs-Élysées in Paris, France, from 15 May to 15 November 1855. Its full official title was the Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts de Paris 1855. It was the first of ten major expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. Nowadays, the exposition's sole physical remnant is the Théâtre du Rond-Point des Champs-Élysées, designed by architect Gabriel Davioud, which originally housed the Panorama National.
Area code 262
Area code 262 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan for the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The numbering plan area comprises suburbs that are a part of the Milwaukee and Chicago metropolitan areas. The area code was created on September 25, 1999, in an area code split of area code 414.

Waukesha County, Wisconsin
Waukesha County (/ˈwɔːkɪʃɔː/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 406,978, making it the third-most populous county in Wisconsin. Its median income of $88,985 placed it as the only county in Wisconsin on the list of the 100 highest-income counties in the U.S. by median income as of 2020. Its county seat and largest city is Waukesha.

Waukesha County is included in the Milwaukee metropolitan area, and is one of the three WOW counties.
Robert K. Massie
Robert Kinloch Massie III (January 5, 1929 – December 2, 2019) was an American journalist and historian.  He devoted much of his career to studying and writing about the House of Romanov, Russia's imperial family from 1613 to 1917. Massie was awarded the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Biography for Peter the Great: His Life and World. He also received awards for his book Catherine the Great: Portrait of a Woman (2011).

His book Nicholas and Alexandra (1967) was adapted as a British film by the same name that was released in 1971. It starred Michael Jayston and Janet Suzman in the title roles.

Michael Jayston
Michael A. James (29 October 1935 – 5 February 2024), known professionally as Michael Jayston, was an English actor. He played Nicholas II of Russia in the film Nicholas and Alexandra (1971). He also made many television appearances, which included portraying Peter Guillam in the miniseries Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (1979), playing the Valeyard in all fourteen episodes of the Doctor Who serial The Trial of a Time Lord (1986), and appearing in the Only Fools and Horses episode "Time on Our Hands" (1996) as Raquel's father, James.
Qasr Ibn Wardan
Qasr Ibn Wardan (Arabic: قصر ابن وردان) is a hamlet and 6th-century archaeological site located in the Syrian Desert, approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast from Hama and about 19 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of al-Hamraa. The hamlet is separated from the Byzantine-era ruins by a road, with the former situated to the east of the road and the ruins situated to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qasr Ibn Wardan had a population of 467 in the 2004 census.

Syrian desert
The Syrian desert (Arabic: بادية الشام Bādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian desert, the Jordanian steppe, the Syrian steppe, or the Badiya, or Badiyat al-Sham, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering about 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of West Asia, including parts of northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, southern Syria, and western Iraq. It accounts for about 85% of the land area of Jordan and 55% of Syria. To the south, it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. The land is open, rocky or gravelly desert pavement, cut with occasional wadis, or river valleys, generally dry riverbeds.
Gregory W. Henry
Gregory W. Henry is an astronomer and research scientist for Tennessee State University. In 1999, Henry led one of two teams that discovered the first transiting extrasolar planet, HD 209458 b. The other team was led by David Charbonneau.

Henry was also involved in the discovery of HD 149026 b.

HD 149026 b
HD 149026 b, also known as Smertrios /ˈsmɜːrtriɒs/, is an exoplanet, specifically a hot Jupiter, approximately 250 light-years from the Sun in the constellation of Hercules. Its host star is HD 149026, also named Ogma /ˈɒɡmə/.

The planet orbits the yellow subgiant star HD 149026 with a 2.8766-day period at a distance of 0.042 AU (3.9 million mi; 6.3 million km), and is notable first as a transiting planet, and second for a small measured radius (relative to mass and incoming heat) that suggests an exceptionally large planetary core.
Krystyna Drohojowska
Krystyna (Krzysia) Drohojowska (later Ketling of Elgin) is a fictional character in the novel Fire in the Steppe by Henryk Sienkiewicz. She is a beautiful orphan who marries Hassling-Ketling of Elgin.

In Jerzy Hoffman's 1969 film adaptation, Krzysia is portrayed by Barbara Brylska.

Barbara Brylska
Barbara Brylska (born 29 May 1941) is a Polish actress who gained critical acclaim in the 1960s and was featured in numerous films throughout the countries of the Warsaw Pact including the Soviet Union. She is noted especially for her role as Nadya in the 1976 Soviet comedy film Irony of Fate.
Arne Nyland
Arne Nyland (13 August 1924 – 12 April 2018) was a Norwegian sports administrator.

He served Fossum IF as a skiing coach, training his own daughters. He became chairman of Fossum IF, then of Asker and Bærum District of Skiing. In 1972 he was elected board member of the Norwegian Ski Federation, serving as president from 1974 to 1978. He also contributed in other sports, chairing Fossum IF's event committee for the 1985 Norwegian Championships in Athletics.

Fossum IF
Fossum Idrettsforening is a Norwegian sports club from Fossum, Grini, Østerås and Eiksmarka in Bærum. It has sections for cross-country skiing, biathlon, ski jumping, alpine skiing, Nordic combined, orienteering, and football, and was founded on 7 December 1918. It formerly had an athletics section.

The cross-country skiing section has prominent members like Tore Bjonviken and Simen Østensen.

The football team, while not playing at the highest level, has had particularly many well-known coaches, such as Egil Olsen, Per Mathias Høgmo and Per Ravn Omdal. The men's team currently resides in the Third Division (fourth tier of Norwegian football), having last played in the Second Division in the 2000 season.
Ron Rinehart
Ron Rinehart (born January 25, 1965) is an American thrash metal vocalist. He is the lead singer for the American thrash metal band Dark Angel from 1987 (after the departure of previous vocalist Don Doty) until the band's dissolution in 1992, and again from 2002 to 2005, when they were reunited.  In October 2013, Dark Angel announced another reunion, again featuring Rinehart.

Rinehart has appeared on three studio albums with Dark Angel – Leave Scars (1989), Time Does Not Heal (1991) and Extinction Level Event (2025) – and also performed on their live album Live Scars (1990). He also had a guest vocalist appearance on thrash metal band Viking's album Man of Straw.

After Dark Angel's dissolution, Rinehart and bandmate Eric Meyer went on to form a band called Hunger. They released a three track demo the following year. He has also played in the Christian rock band Oil, but left in 2004 to pursue other musical interests.

Viking (band)
Viking is an American thrash metal band from Los Angeles, California. The band was originally active between 1986 and 1990 before reforming in 2011. To date, Viking has released three studio albums, Do or Die (1988), Man of Straw (1989) and No Child Left Behind (2015).
Fubini
Fubini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Fubini, American business lecturer and writer, son of Eugene Fubini

Eugene Fubini (1913–1997), American defense official, son of Guido Fubini, and father of David Fubini

Guido Fubini (1879–1943), Italian mathematician, father of Eugene Fubini

Sergio Fubini (1928–2005), Italian theoretical physicist

Eugene Fubini
Eugene Ghiron Fubini (April 19, 1913 – August 5, 1997) was an Italian-American physicist, academic, and scholar who participated in research that led to the creation of the first atomic bomb and also served as United States Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Kennedy and Johnson Administrations. He is known as a defense policy-maker of the Cold War and was the principal manager of the Pentagon's research and development programs.

He later served as group Vice president and chief scientist at International Business Machines Corporation from 1965 to 1969.
Co La
Matthew Papich (b. 1982–83) is an American electronic musician based in Baltimore who performs under the alias Co La. As Co La, he creates pop music created with loops on Ableton Live. He was also the guitarist in the avant-rock duo Ecstatic Sunshine. As a graduate of the Maryland Institute College of Art, Papaich is also an active art handler.

Co La's first releases were a number of cassettes issued in 2011, followed by Papaich's proper debut album Daydream Reporter, which incorporated styles of exotica, reggae and girl group music. 2013's Moody Coup was hailed by Pitchfork for being superior to other sound art music for "how naturally it comes together." His 2015 album No No, released on the label Software, applied field recordings to computer-programmed beats, resulting in what The Wire described as "[flittering] between the comical and the disturbing, as fragments of sound flow in and out of its sonic peripheries at an alarming rate."

Exotica
Exotica is a musical genre that was popular during the 1950s to mid-1960s with Americans who came of age during World War II. The term was coined by Simon "Si" Waronker, Liberty Records co-founder and board chairman, named after the 1957 Martin Denny album Exotica. The musical colloquialism exotica means tropical ersatz, the non-native, pseudo experience of insular Oceania, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, the Amazon basin, the Andes, the Caribbean and tribal Africa. Denny described the musical style as "a combination of the South Pacific and the Orient...what a lot of people imagined the islands to be like...it's pure fantasy though." While the South Seas forms the core region, exotica reflects the "musical impressions" of every place from standard travel destinations to the mythical "shangri-las" dreamt of by armchair safari-ers.
Rufous-sided broadbill
The rufous-sided broadbill (Smithornis rufolateralis) is a species of bird in the family Calyptomenidae.

It is sparsely distributed throughout the intra-tropical rainforest of Sub-Saharan Africa.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Calyptomenidae
Calyptomenidae is a family of passerine birds found in Africa, the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. There are six species in two genera.

The species in this family were formerly included in the broadbill family Eurylaimidae. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2006 found that the species in these two genera were not closely related to the other broadbills. These two genera are now placed in a separate family.
Seven Days (TV series)
Seven Days, stylized as SEVEN 7 DAYS, is an American science fiction television series centered around time travel. It was created by Christopher and Zachary Crowe, and aired on UPN from October 7, 1998 to May 29, 2001.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
The Centrium
The Centrium (Chinese: 中央廣場) is a skyscraper located in the Central district of Hong Kong. The tower rises 41 floors and 189 metres (620 ft) in height. The building was completed in 2001. It was designed by architectural firm DP Architects, and was developed by the Sino Group Limited. The Centrium, which stands as the 75th-tallest building in Hong Kong, is composed almost entirely of commercial office space; the lowermost floors are used for retailing. It has a total floor area of 23,775 square metres (255,900 sq ft). A spire was added to the building in 2002, one year after its initial completion; the spire lights up in various colors at night.

Sino Group
Sino Group (Chinese: 信和集團) is a Hong Kong-based conglomerate established in 1971. It comprises three listed companies – Sino Land Company Limited, Tsim Sha Tsui Properties Limited, Sino Hotels (Holdings) Limited – and private companies held by the Ng Family.

The Group's business interests comprise a residential, office, industrial, retail and hospitality properties across Hong Kong, mainland China, Singapore and Australia, and has developed over 250 projects, spanning more than 130 million square feet. It also provides services in property management, hotel investment and management, including The Fullerton Hotels & Resorts and other affiliate brands.
Poison (Bell Biv DeVoe song)
"Poison" is the debut single of American vocal group Bell Biv DeVoe, released as the first single from their debut album of the same name. The song, in the style of new jack swing, a late-1980s/early-1990s hybrid of R&B, hip hop and swing, was the group's most successful.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Portrait of Andrea Odoni
The Portrait of Andrea Odoni is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian High Renaissance painter Lorenzo Lotto dated 1527, now in the Royal Collection of the United Kingdom. It hangs in the Picture Gallery in Buckingham Palace, London. The style is typical of Lotto's Venetian period, with denser tones, a softer chromatic range and atmospheric effects at the boundaries.  The painting is signed and dated by Lotto.

High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.
Lunca, Bihor
Lunca (Hungarian: Biharlonka) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Briheni (Berhény), Hotărel (Határ), Lunca, Sârbești (Szerbesd), Seghiște (Szegyesd), and Șuștiu (Susd).

Bihor County
Bihor County (Romanian pronunciation: [biˈhor] ⓘ, Hungarian: Bihar megye) is a county (județ) in western Romania. With a total area of 7,544 km2 (2,913 sq mi), Bihor is Romania's 6th largest county geographically and the main county in the historical region of Crișana. Its capital city is Oradea (Nagyvárad).
Spanish proverbs
Spanish proverbs are a subset of proverbs that are used in Western cultures in general; there are many that have essentially the same form and content as their counterparts in other Western languages. Proverbs that have their origin in Spanish have migrated to and from English, French, Flemish, German and other languages.

Flemish dialects
Flemish (Vlaams [vlaːms] ⓘ) is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (Vlaams-Nederlands), Belgian Dutch (Belgisch-Nederlands [ˈbɛlɣis ˈneːdərlɑnts] ⓘ), or Southern Dutch (Zuid-Nederlands). Flemish is native to the region known as Flanders in northern Belgium; it is spoken by Flemings, the dominant ethnic group of the region. Outside of Belgium Flanders, it is also spoken to some extent in French Flanders and the Dutch Zeelandic Flanders.
Lentz–Carter Merchandise Store
Lentz–Carter Merchandise Store, also known as Lentz–Carter Building, is a historic general store located at Stella, Newton County, Missouri. It was built in 1890, and is a two-story, frame building sheathed in clapboard. It measures approximately 60 feet by 22 feet, sits on a limestone foundation, and has a gable roof. It features an intact original storefront. It is the oldest building standing in Stella.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Newton County, Missouri
Newton County is a county located in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,648. Its county seat is Neosho. The county was organized in 1838 and is named in honor of John Newton, a hero who fought in the Revolutionary War. Newton County is part of the Joplin metropolitan area.
Dax Phelan
Dax Phelan (born July 8, 1975) is an American screenwriter, producer, and director, known for his work on such independent films as The Canyons, She's Lost Control, Jasmine, and The Other Side of the Wind. In 2018 the LA Film Awards listed Dax in their article "30 promising filmmakers you should follow." In September 2018, The Hollywood Reporter announced that Dax had acquired exclusive rights to develop the real-life story of Jennifer Murray, a British housewife and mother who, at 54, learned to fly when her husband bought a half share in a helicopter. A few years later, she became the first woman to pilot a helicopter around the world in a solo flight.

Jasmine (film)
Jasmine is a 2015 American drama film by director Dax Phelan. Set in Hong Kong, the story is about a man who is struggling to come to terms with the unsolved murder of his wife and his growing obsession with the man he believes is responsible. The film premiered at the Hong Kong International Film Festival on March 25, 2015 and has since screened in numerous film festivals around the world and won multiple awards. It was later released to video by Indican Pictures in 2017.
Dubai Spice Souk
Dubai Spice Souk (Arabic: سوق التوابل) or the Old Souk is a traditional market (or souk) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Spice Souk is located in Deira, in eastern Dubai, and is adjacent to the Dubai Gold Souk. The Spice Souk is in the locality of Al Ras, on Baniyas Street, near the Old Souk abra station on Dubai Creek. The souk comprises several narrow lanes which are lined with open and closed-roof stores, and is a tourist attraction.

Stores in the Spice Souk sell a variety of fragrances and spices from frankincense and shisha to the many herbs used in Arabic and South Asian food. In addition, several household, textiles, tea, incense, rugs and artifacts are also sold in the Spice Souk. A majority of the trading occurs through haggling. The quantity of trade, as well as the number of stores trading spices in the Spice Souk, have not increased in recent years due to the growth of larger stores and supermarkets.

Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.
USS Conestoga
Three ships of the United States Navy have been named Conestoga after the Conestoga wagon, a broad wheeled, covered, wagon first built in Conestoga, Pennsylvania.

USS Conestoga (1861), a side-wheeled steamer, was purchased in June 1861. She served on the Mississippi River and its tributaries during the American Civil War. On the night of 8 March 1864 Conestoga collided with USS General Price and sank immediately.

USS Conestoga was the planned name for the monitor USS Sangamon (1862) and the name was changed while the ship was still on the stocks. She served in the American Civil War and later served in the Spanish–American War as Jason.

USS Conestoga (AT-54), commissioned 10 November 1917, was lost at sea under unknown circumstances in 1921.  The fate of the vessel was a mystery until the wreck was identified in 2016.

Conestoga, Pennsylvania
Conestoga (Pennsylvania German: Kanneschtooge) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Conestoga Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania,  United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 1,163. The Conestoga post office serves ZIP code 17516.
Gregory Malenko
Gregory Malenko (born June 17, 1986) is a Ukrainian politician, public activist, internet entrepreneur, online reputation management expert, SERM specialist, and founder of MediaMonitoringBot. He has been a Kyiv City Council deputy representing the Holos party since 2020. He initiated the creation of the "Sribnyi Kil" park, covering an area of 7.54 hectares, around the lake of the same name in Kyiv, with construction starting in 2023.

Kyiv City Council
Kyiv City Council (Ukrainian: Київська міська рада, romanized: Kyivska miska rada, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɐ miˈsʲkɑ ˈrɑdɐ]), also known as Kyivrada (Ukrainian: Київрада), is the city council of Kyiv municipality, the highest representative body of the city community. The members of city council are directly elected by Kyivans and the council is chaired by the Mayor of Kyiv (who is also directly elected in a separate election independent of the council election) or the City Council Secretary (elected among the council members). The deputies are elected for five-year terms.

The council meets in a 1950s City Council building constructed in neo-classical Stalinist architectural style on Khreschatyk, the city's main street.

The most recent Kyiv local election (including Mayoral elections) took place on 25 October 2020.