hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stephen John Hill
Sir Stephen John Hill, KCMG CB, (10 June 1809 – 20 October 1891) was a governor of, in turn, four British colonial possessions.

Born in the West Indies, Hill began his colonial service in Africa, becoming governor of the Gold Coast (modern Ghana) in 1851. In 1854 he became governor of Sierra Leone.  From 1860 through 1861 he was made governor of Sierra Leone for a second time. Then in 1863 he was appointed governor of the Leeward Islands and Antigua. In 1869 Hill became governor of Newfoundland, continuing in that position until 1876. He provided valuable guidance to the colony during the period following their rejection of participation in Canadian Confederation. Hill took up residency in Anguilla in November 1885 and left in February 1888.

Hill died in 1891 in London, England.

Leeward Islands
The Leeward Islands (/ˈliːwərd/) are a group of islands in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies in the Caribbean region of the Americas, situated where the northeastern Caribbean Sea meets the western North Atlantic Ocean. Starting with the Virgin Islands east of the Greater Antilles main island of Puerto Rico, they extend southeast to Guadeloupe and its dependencies. They lie north of the Windward Islands, southern islands from Dominica to Trinidad and Tobago, and northwest of the Leeward Antilles, southwestern islands from the Federal Dependencies of Venezuela to Aruba.

In English, the term Leeward Islands refers to the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles chain. The more southerly part of this chain, from Dominica to Trinidad and Tobago, is known as the Windward Islands. Dominica was initially considered a part of the Leeward Islands, but was transferred from the British Leeward Islands to the British Windward Islands in 1940.
Ravananugraha
Ravananugraha or Ravananugraha-murti ("form showing favour to Ravana") is a benevolent aspect of the Hindu god Shiva, depicted seated on his abode Mount Kailash with his consort Parvati, while the rakshasa-king (demon-king) Ravana of Lanka attempts to uproot it. According to Hindu scriptures, Ravana once tried to lift Mount Kailash, but Shiva pushed the mountain into place, and trapped Ravana beneath it. For a thousand years, the imprisoned Ravana sang hymns in praise of Shiva, who finally blessed him and granted him an invincible sword and a powerful linga (Shiva's aniconic symbol, Atmalinga) to worship. The theme is popular in Indian art and is found as early as the Gupta-Pallava era (300–600 CE).

Lanka
Lanka (/ˈlæŋkə/; Sanskrit: [ˈlɐŋkaː]), (modern day ; Sri Lanka) is the name given in Hindu epics to the island fortress capital of the legendary Rakshasa king Ravana in the epics of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. The fortress was situated on a plateau between three mountain peaks known as the Trikuta Mountains. The ancient city of Lankapura is said to have been burnt down by Hanuman. After its king, Ravana was killed by Rama with the help of Ravana's brother Vibhishana, the latter was crowned king of Lankapura. His descendants were said to still rule the kingdom during the period of the Pandavas. According to the Mahabharata, the Pandava Sahadeva visited this kingdom during his southern military campaign for the rajasuya of Yudhishthira. The palaces of Ravana were said to be guarded by four-tusked elephants.
Albert Clayton Dalton
Albert Clayton Dalton (2 October 1867 – 24 March 1957) was a United States army officer. He took part in a number of U.S. military conflicts, including the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War and World War I. After his retirement from military service, Dalton was an executive of the U.S. Shipping Board Merchant Fleet Corporation.

United States Army Command and General Staff College
The United States Army Command and General Staff College (CGSC or USACGSC) is a staff college for United States Army located at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. The college was established in 1881 by William Tecumseh Sherman as the School of Application for Infantry and Cavalry (later simply the Infantry and Cavalry School), a training school for infantry and cavalry officers.

In 1907 it changed its title to the School of the Line. The curriculum expanded throughout World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War and continues to adapt to include lessons learned from current conflicts. It provides Professional Military Education to officers of the United States Army, as well as foreign military officers.

In addition to the main campus at Fort Leavenworth, the college has satellite campuses at Fort Belvoir, Virginia; Fort Lee, Virginia; Fort Gordon, Georgia; and Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The college also maintains a distance-learning modality for some of its instruction.
Savoia Excelsior Palace
The Savoia Excelsior Palace is a 4 star hotel in Trieste, Italy owned by the Starhotels group. The hotel is located close to Piazza Unità d'Italia overlooking the Gulf of Trieste and has 142 rooms (including suites and apartments). The hotel has a bar, "Le Rive", and a restaurant, "The Savoy", which seats up to 150 people. The hotel's conference centre has 9 meeting rooms which can seat up to 650 people in total. The hotel was used as a venue for part of the 2009 G8 summit meeting.

Star (classification)
Star ratings are a type of rating scale using a star symbol or similar typographical mark. It is used by reviewers for ranking things such as films, TV shows, restaurants, and hotels. For example, a system of one to five stars is commonly used in hotel ratings, with five stars being the highest rating.

Similar systems have been proposed for electing politicians in the form of score voting and STAR voting.
Billing (performing arts)
Billing is a performing arts term used in referring to the order and other aspects of how credits are presented for plays, films, television, or other creative works. Information given in billing usually consists of the companies, actors, directors, producers, and other crew members.

William Holden
William Franklin Holden (né Beedle; April 17, 1918 – November 12, 1981) was an American actor and one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1950s. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for the film Stalag 17 (1953) and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie  for The Blue Knight (1973).

Holden starred in some of Hollywood's most popular and critically acclaimed films, including Sunset Boulevard (1950), Sabrina (1954), Picnic (1955), The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), The Wild Bunch (1969) and Network (1976). He was named one of the "Top 10 Stars of the Year" six times (1954–1958, 1961), and appeared as 25th on the American Film Institute's list of 25 greatest male stars of Classical Hollywood cinema.
Floyd Cramer
Floyd Cramer (October 27, 1933 – December 31, 1997) was an American pianist who became famous for his use of melodic "whole-step" attacks. He was inducted into both the Country Music Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. His signature playing style was a cornerstone of the pop-oriented "Nashville sound" of the 1950s and 1960s. Cramer's "slip-note" or "bent-note" style, in which a passing note slides almost instantly into or away from a chordal note, influenced a generation of pianists. His sound became popular to the degree that he stepped out of his role as a sideman and began touring as a solo act. In 1960, his piano instrumental solo, "Last Date" went to number two on the Billboard Hot 100 pop music chart and sold over one million copies. Its follow-up, "On the Rebound", topped the UK Singles Chart in 1961. As a studio musician, he became one of a cadre of elite players dubbed the Nashville A-Team and he  performed on scores of hit records.

Sideman
A sideman is a professional musician who is hired to perform live with a solo artist, or with a group in which they are not a regular band member. The term is usually used to describe musicians that play with jazz or rock artists, whether solo or a group.

Sidemen and sidewomen are often well-versed in multiple styles of music, and can be hired at any level of the music industry, from playing in a cover band to backing up established artists on major tours.

While many artists can work as sidemen or session musicians, others will only fill one role. The generally accepted difference is that a sideman performs live while a session musician is hired to perform in a recording studio.
Symplocos tacanensis
Symplocos tacanensis is a species of plant in the family Symplocaceae. It is found in El Salvador and Guatemala. It is threatened by habitat loss and is considered to be a "threatened" species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

Symplocaceae
Symplocaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Ericales. It includes a single genus, Symplocos, with about 400 described species. The family has an "amphi-Pacific tropical" distribution, which includes India through to Korea and Japan, mainland and maritime Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, the western Pacific, southeast United States, Central America and much of South America. Plants in the family Symplocaceae are generally trees or shrubs, and are found in humid, tropical, montane forests within their range.
Jinfeng, Yinchuan
Jinfeng District (simplified Chinese: 金凤区; traditional Chinese: 金鳳區; pinyin: Jīnfèng Qū; Wade–Giles: Chin-fêng Ch’ü; lit. 'golden phoenix') is one of three urban districts and the municipal seat of the prefecture-level city of Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Northwest China. It has a total area of 290 km2 (110 sq mi), and, according to the 2010 China Census, a population of 282,554 people.

Northwestern China
Northwestern China (Chinese: 中国西北地区) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang.

The region is characterized by a (semi-)arid continental climate. It has a diverse population including significant ethnic minorities such as Hui, Uyghurs and Tibetans. Culturally, the region has historically been influenced by the Silk Road.
Israel Levitan
Israel Levitan (June 13, 1912 – May 17, 1982) was an American abstract expressionist sculptor, born in Lawrence, Massachusetts. Known as a sculptor, he also produced paintings, graphics and fine art works on paper.

The art critics of ARTnews selected his 1959 exhibition at the Barone Gallery in New York City, as one of the 10 best one-man exhibitions of the year. After World War II Levitan was involved in the New York art community, and participated in numerous exhibitions.

Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 89,143. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the east. Lawrence and Salem were the county seats of Essex County, until the state abolished county government in 1999. Lawrence is part of the Merrimack Valley.

Manufacturing products of the city include electronic equipment, textiles, footwear, paper products, computers, and foodstuff. Lawrence was the residence of the poet Robert Frost for his early school years; his essays and poems were first published in the Lawrence High School newspaper. Lawrence is also the birthplace of composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein in 1918, and singer Robert Goulet in 1933.
Justin "Buck" Buchanan
Justin "Buck" Buchanan is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Hendrix College, a position he has held since 2013 where he rebooted a program that had been dormant since 1960.

Hendrix College
Hendrix College is a private liberal arts college in Conway, Arkansas. Approximately 1,000 students are enrolled, mostly undergraduates. While affiliated with the United Methodist Church, the college offers a secular curriculum and has a student body composed of people from many different religious backgrounds. Hendrix is a member of the Associated Colleges of the South.
William Lamberth
William Gary Lamberth (born December 5, 1977) is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives for the forty-fourth district, encompassing parts of Sumner County, Tennessee.

Gallatin, Tennessee
Gallatin is a city in and the county seat of Sumner County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 44,431 at the 2020 census and has an estimated population of 52,489 as of 2024. Named for United States Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, the city was established on the Cumberland River and made the county seat of Sumner County in 1802. It is located about 30.6 miles northeast of the state capital of Nashville, Tennessee.

Several national companies have facilities or headquarters in Gallatin, including Facebook, Gap, Inc.,  Beretta and Servpro Industries LLC. Gallatin was formerly the headquarters of Dot Records. The city is also the site of Volunteer State Community College, a two-year college with more than 70 degree programs. In 2017, Gallatin was ranked as "The Nicest Place In America" by Reader's Digest.
Edward H. Kaplan
Edward H. Kaplan is the William N. and Marie A. Beach Professor of Operations Research at the Yale School of Management, Professor of Public Health at the Yale School of Medicine, and Professor of Engineering in the Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science.

He won the  Lanchester Prize in 1994.

Kaplan was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2003 for the assessment of needle-exchange programs and for generally bringing engineering perspectives to the design of public health policies. He was also elected to the 2005 class of Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences.

Yale School of Medicine
The Yale School of Medicine is the medical school of Yale University, a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was founded in 1810 as the Medical Institution of Yale College and formally opened in 1813. It is the sixth-oldest medical school in the United States.

The school’s faculty clinical practice is Yale Medicine. Yale School of Medicine has a strong affiliation with its primary teaching hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital and the Yale New Haven Health System. The school is home to the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, which is one of the country’s largest modern medical libraries and is known for its historical collections.

For the class of 2028, the school received 5,669 applications to fill 104 seats in the MD Program. This puts the acceptance rate at about 1.6%. The median GPA for the class was 3.94, and the median MCAT score was 521.
Norman Crowder
Norman Harry Crowder  (20 October 1926 – 10 February 2013) was Archdeacon of Portsmouth from 1985 to 1993.

Born in Nottingham on 20 October 1926, he was educated at Nottingham High School and St John's College, Cambridge. After National Service with the RAF Educational Service he was ordained in 1952.  He was an Assistant Curate St Mary's, Radcliffe-on-Trent and then Residential Chaplain to the  Bishop of Portsmouth until 1959. He was Chaplain at Canford School from 1959 until  1972 when he became Vicar of  St John's, Oakfield, Ryde. From 1975 to 1985 he was Director of Religious Education in the Portsmouth Diocese  and a Residential Canon of its Cathedral. After this he became Archdeacon of Portsmouth.

He died in Salisbury on 10 February 2013. He had married Pauline. Their son Richard worked at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office

Royal Air Force Educational Service
The Royal Air Force Educational Service was a civilian-manned service within the British Royal Air Force which provided instruction for aircraft apprentices and airmen, mainly in engineering, but also in other subjects.

The service was established shortly after the formation of the Royal Air Force in 1918. Preference for recruitment as civilian education officers was given to men who had served as commissioned officers in the armed forces during the First World War until 1930, when it was extended to all ex-servicemen. From 1937, advertisements no longer stated that ex-servicemen would be given preference. From 1930, a degree was required.

On 1 October 1946, the Educational Service was disbanded and replaced by the commissioned officers of the new RAF Education Branch. Many education officers had already been commissioned during the Second World War.
Ewens
Ewens is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Leonard Ewens, Australian politician, mayor of Walkerville

Maurice Ewens (1611–1687), English Jesuit and author

Percival Ewens, English cricket player

Warren Ewens (born 1937), Australian mathematician

Town of Walkerville
The Corporation of the Town of Walkerville (or Town of Walkerville) is a small local government area in the central suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia.

The residents of the Town of Walkerville are represented by a mayor and eight councillors. The area is home to the highest concentration of top earners in South Australia, and was named "South Australia's richest postcode" in 2016.
Hanover, Ontario
Hanover is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario with a population of about 7,967 residents. It is located in southwestern Grey County, bordering on Bruce County, west of Durham and east of Walkerton on Grey/Bruce Road 4. Hanover has a town hall, police department and the Hanover and District Hospital.

Bruce County
Bruce County is a county in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It has eight lower-tier municipalities with a total 2021 population of 73,396. It is named for James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine, the sixth Governor General of the Province of Canada. The Bruce name is also linked to the Bruce Trail and the Bruce Peninsula.

The county has three distinct areas. The Bruce Peninsula is part of the Niagara Escarpment and is known for its views, rock formations, cliffs, and hiking trails. The Lakeshore includes nearly 100 km of fresh water and soft sandy beaches. Finally, the Interior Region has a strong history in farming.
Fu Prefecture (Liaoning)
Fuzhou or Fu Prefecture (復州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China, centering on modern Wafangdian, Liaoning, China. It existed (intermittently) from early 11th century until 1913. During the Qing dynasty between 1726 and 1733 it was known as Fuzhou Subprefecture (復州廳).

Zhou (administrative division)
Zhou (Chinese: 州; pinyin: zhōu; lit. 'land') were historical administrative and political divisions of China. Formally established during the Han dynasty, zhou existed continuously for over 2000 years until the 1912 establishment of the Republic of China. Zhou were also once used in Korea (주, ju), Vietnam (Vietnamese: châu) and Japan (Hepburn: shū).
Herman and Hannah Anderson House
The Herman and Hannah Anderson House in Forsyth, Montana was built in 1908.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

It is a two-story wood-framed house on a concrete foundation with a cross-gable roof.  It has a one-and-a-half-story gabled addition from before 1910.  It has shiplap siding, and Queen Anne/Colonial Revival details.

The NRHP nomination asserts it "is significant as an excellent surviving example of a larger early twentieth-century Forsyth residence", somewhat unusual for its location on the southside near the railroad, while other larger homes in Forsyth were in its primary residential area across the tracks.  It was in fact located within 100 yards (91 m) of the 16-stall roundhouse of the Northern Pacific Railroad.  Herman Anderson, who emigrated from Sweden in 1889, worked for the railroad.

Forsyth, Montana
Forsyth is a city in and the county seat of Rosebud County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,647 at the 2020 census.  Forsyth was established in 1876 as the first settlement on the Yellowstone River, and in 1882 residents named the town after General James William Forsyth who commanded Fort Maginnis, Montana during the Indian Wars and the 7th Cavalry at the Wounded Knee Massacre. The town has long been a transportation nexus, starting with steamboats on the river and progressing to the Northern Pacific Railway and Interstate 94.
Bathyclarias worthingtoni
Bathyclarias worthingtoni is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to Lake Malawi, in the countries of Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.  This species grows to a length of 80 cm (31.5 in) SL. This species is commercially caught for human consumption.

Airbreathing catfish
Airbreathing catfish  comprise the family Clariidae of the order Siluriformes. Sixteen genera and about 117 species of clariid fishes are described; all are freshwater species. Other groups of catfish also breathe air, such as the Callichthyidae and Loricariidae.
Steven T. Kuykendall
Steven T. Kuykendall (January 27, 1947 – January 22, 2021) was an American politician and Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 36th congressional district from 1999 to 2001 in the 106th Congress. He defeated Democrat Janice Hahn in the 1998 election with 49% of the vote. He was narrowly defeated for re-election in 2000 by his predecessor Jane Harman, who had relinquished her seat to run for Governor in 1998. Kuykendall was the only freshman congressman to be defeated for re-election in 2000.

Governor of California
The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard.

Established in the Constitution of California, the governor's responsibilities also include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and making the annual State of the State address to the California State Legislature. The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state.

The governor is now limited to two terms, regardless of whether they are consecutive. The current governor of California is Democrat Gavin Newsom, who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019. Jerry Brown was the longest serving governor in Californian history, serving from 1975 until 1983, and again from 2011 until 2019.
HM Prison Belmarsh
His Majesty's Prison Belmarsh is a Category A men's prison located in Thamesmead, south-east London, England. Belmarsh Prison is run by His Majesty's Prison Service and is situated next to HMP Isis and HMP Thameside. The prison is used for high-profile prisoners, particularly those concerning national security. Within the grounds of the prison is the High Security Unit (HSU), consisting of 48 single cells.

Belmarsh is nicknamed "Hellmarsh", owing to the high number of physical and authority abuses reported by both the prison's inmates (including former politician Jeffrey Archer, who coined the name and was imprisoned there for two years for perjury), and human rights activists.

Physical abuse
Physical abuse is any intentional act causing injury or trauma to another person or animal by way of bodily contact. In most cases, children are the victims of physical abuse, but adults can also be victims, as in cases of domestic violence or workplace aggression. Alternative terms sometimes used include physical assault or physical violence, and may also include sexual abuse. Physical abuse may involve more than one abuser, and more than one victim.
SS Empire Clarion
Empire Clarion was a 7,031 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1942 by William Gray & Co. Ltd., West Hartlepool for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1946 she was sold and renamed Cedarpool. She served until 1959, when she was scrapped.

William Gray & Company
William Gray & Company Ltd. was a British shipbuilding company located in West Hartlepool, County Durham, in North East England. Founded in 1863 by John Denton and William Gray as a partnership, it became a private and then a public limited company under the leadership of three generations of the Gray family until finally wound up in 1962.