hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dirasha language
Dirasha (also known as Ghidole, Diraasha, Dirayta, Gidole, Gardulla, Dhirasha) is a member of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. It is spoken in the Omo region of Ethiopia, in the hills west of Lake Chamo, around the town of Gidole.

A number of speakers also use Oromo or Konso. According to Wondwosen, the "Dirasha" is the name of the people, and the name of the language is given variously as "Dirashitata, Dirayta and Diraytata" (2006:3,4).

None of these names seem to be derogatory, but rather different ways of referring to the same language.

The Diraytata language is spoken by approximately 65,000 people, primarily in the Omo region of Ethiopia.

The language has a three ejective consonant phonemes and two implosive consonant phonemes, fitting the pattern of the Ethiopian Language Area. It has two tones and five vowels.  Duration (or gemination) is distinctive for both consonants and vowels (Wondwosen 2006:9,10).

Gidole
Gidole is a town in southern Ethiopia, and is the administrative center of the Dirashe special woreda. Located in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, it sits at a latitude and longitude of 05°39′N 37°22′E﻿ / ﻿5.650°N 37.367°E﻿ / 5.650; 37.367 with an elevation ranging from 2045 to 2650 meters above sea level. The town Gidole is named after the Kitoola people with a little bit modification, an ethnic group inhabiting southern Ethiopia.

‘Kitoola’ ethnic is a large group living in and around Gardulla Mountain as well as on the eastern flank of Ganjuli basin. This Kitoola ethnic comprises five large societies (viz; Dhirashaa, Mosiye, Kusume, Mashole, Dhobase) and few migrants having different backgrounds. The Kitoolian speaks Cushitic language 'Kitoolia' with different dialects. They use different musical instruments for their casual holiday celebrations. “Shonqaa”, “mayra”,”kulluutot”,”Filla” and “Lollat are among many.
Jiangzhang railway station
Jiangzhang railway station (Chinese: 绛帐站; pinyin: Jiàngzhàng zhàn) is a railway station in Jiangzhang, Fufeng County, Baoji, Shaanxi, China. It opened in 1936 on the Longhai railway. Passenger services were suspended in 2004. In September 2022, it was announced that passenger services would be restored in early September. However, the service started later, with three trains each way introduced on 10 November 2022.

Longhai railway
The Longhai railway (Chinese: 陇海铁路; pinyin: Lǒnghǎi Tiělù), formerly romanized as the Lunghai railway, is a major arterial east–west railway in China. It runs from Lianyungang, Jiangsu, on the Yellow Sea, to Lanzhou, Gansu, through the provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, covering a total length of 1,759 kilometres (1,093 mi). The line is named after Gansu, also known as Long (陇) in Chinese, and Lianyungang's previous name, Haizhou. The Longhai Line is one of the busiest Chinese railways. It has dual tracks throughout and electrification was completed in 2009.
Chilocampyla psidiella
Chilocampyla psidiella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Cuba.

The larvae feed on Eugenia axillaris, Psidium guajava and Psidium guineense. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Psidium guajava
Psidium guajava, the common guava, yellow guava, lemon guava, or apple guava is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to the Americas. It is pollinated by insects. When cultivated, it is pollinated mainly by the common honey bee, Apis mellifera.
Tailevu North Ovalau (Open Constituency, Fiji)
Tailevu North Ovalau Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. It comprised the island of Ovalau and the northern part of Tailevu Province, on the main island of Viti Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Communal constituencies
Until the abolishment of communal constituencies in the Fijian electoral system in 2014, there was very little cross-ethnic voting in Fiji. In communal constituencies, electors enrolled as ethnic Fijians, Indo-Fijians, Rotuman Islanders, or General electors (Europeans, Chinese, Banaba Islanders, and others) vote for a candidate of their own respective ethnic groups, in constituencies that have been reserved by ethnicity. Other methods of choosing parliamentarians came and went, but this feature was a constant until their final abolition in the 2013 Constitution.
Gerrit-Jan van Velze
Gerrit-Jan van Velze (born 21 February 1988) is a South African rugby union footballer. He plays for Bath Rugby in the Gallagher Premiership. He is a versatile forward and can play as a lock, flanker or number 8.

He previously played for the Bulls in Super Rugby, making his franchise debut during the 2010 Super 14 season against the Crusaders. He also made 65 appearances for the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup competitions.

He joined Worcester Warriors ahead of the 2014-15 English Premiership season.

He has signed for Bath Rugby ahead of the 2022-23 English Premiership season.

He retired from professional Rugby at Bath Rugby at the end of the 2023-24 English Premiership season.

He since been appointed as the Player Innovation and Performance Futures position at Bath Rugby

2014–15 Premiership Rugby
The 2014–15 Aviva Premiership was the 28th season of the top flight English domestic rugby union competition and the fifth one to be sponsored by Aviva. The reigning champions entering the season were Northampton Saints, who had claimed their first title after defeating Saracens in the 2014 final. London Welsh had been promoted as champions from the 2013–14 RFU Championship at the first attempt.

The competition was broadcast by BT Sport for the second successive season. Highlights of each weekend's games were shown on ITV.
Ricochet (Teresa Brewer song)
"Ricochet" (sometimes rendered "Rick-o-Shay" and also as "Ricochet Romance") is a popular song. The credits show it to be written by Larry Coleman, Joe Darion, and Norman Gimbel, without apportioning the work on the lyrics and music, in 1953. In fact, since Coleman and Darion wrote "Changing Partners" the same year, with Darion as lyricist and Coleman as composer, while Gimbel wrote the English lyric for "Sway" the same year, it can be concluded that Coleman wrote the music and Darion and Gimbel the lyrics.

Joe Darion
Joe Darion (30 January 1911 — 16 June 2001) was an American musical theatre lyricist, most famous for Man of La Mancha, which is considered, by some critics,  as a precursor to 1980s sung-through musicals such as Les Miserables.

Darion was born in New York City and died at age 90 in  Lebanon, New Hampshire.
2 Chronicles 23
2 Chronicles 23 is the twenty-third chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament in the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingdom of Judah until its destruction by the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar and the beginning of restoration under Cyrus the Great of Persia  (2 Chronicles 10 to 36). The focus of this chapter is the reigns of Athaliah and Joash, rulers of Judah.

Jehoash of Judah
Jehoash (Hebrew: יְהוֹאָשׁ, romanized: Yəhōʾāš, lit. '"Yah-given"'; Greek: Ιωας; Latin: Ioas), also known as Joash (in King James Version), Joas (in Douay–Rheims) or Joás (Hebrew: יוֹאָשׁ, romanized: Yōʾāš), was the eighth king of Judah, and the sole surviving son of Ahaziah after the massacre of the royal family ordered by his grandmother, Athaliah. His mother was Zibiah of Beersheba. Jehoash was 7 years old when he ascended to the throne, reigning for 40 years. (2 Kings 12:1, 2 Chronicles 24:1) He was succeeded by his son, Amaziah of Judah. He is said to have been righteous "all the days of Jehoiada the priest" (2 Chronicles 24:2) but to have deviated from fidelity to Yahweh after Jehoiada's death (2 Chronicles 24:17–19).

William F. Albright has dated his reign to 837–800 BCE, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 835–796 BCE.
Steffi
Steffi is a feminine given name, often a short form (hypocorism) of Stephanie or Stefanie.

Steffi is the name of:

Steffi Duna (1910-1992), Hungarian-born film actress born Erzébet Berindey

Steffi Götzelt (born 1960), East German retired rower

Steffi Graf (born 1969), German former tennis player

Steffi Jacob (born 1975), German skeleton racer

Steffi Jones (born 1972), German football manager and retired defender

Stefanie Koch (born 1981), German ski mountaineer

Steffi Kräker (born 1960), East German retired gymnast

Steffi Kriegerstein (born 1992), German canoeist

Steffi Martin (born 1962), East German former luger

Steffi Nerius (born 1972), German javelin thrower

Steffi Scherzer (born 1957), German ballet dancer, director and instructor

Steffi Sieger (born 1988), German luger

Steffi Van Wyk (born 1995), Namibian model and Miss Namibia 2015

Steffi Götzelt
Steffi Götzelt (born 19 September 1960) is a retired East German rower. She won a world title in the coxed fours in 1985 and two bronze medals in the women's eight in 1981–1982. In October 1986, she was awarded a Patriotic Order of Merit in gold (first class) for her sporting success.
Tetraaminoethylene
In organic chemistry, tetraaminoethylene is a hypothetical, organic compound with formula C2N4H8 or (H2N)2C=C(NH2)2.  Like all  polyamines that are geminal, this compound has never been synthesised and is believed to be extremely unstable.

However, there are many stable compounds that can be viewed as derivatives of tetraaminoethylene, with various organic functional groups substituted for some or all hydrogen atoms.  These compounds, which have the general formula (R2N)2C=C(NR2)2, are collectively called tetraaminoethylenes.

General chemical structure of tetraaminoethylene derivatives

Tetraaminoethylenes are important in organic chemistry as dimers of diaminocarbenes, a type of stable carbene with the general formula (R2N)2C:.

Geminal
In chemistry, the descriptor geminal (from Latin  gemini 'twins') refers to the relationship between two atoms or functional groups that are attached to the same atom.  A geminal diol, for example, is a diol (a molecule that has two alcohol functional groups) attached to the same carbon atom, as in methanediol. Also the shortened prefix gem may be applied to a chemical name to denote this relationship, as in a gem-dibromide for "geminal dibromide".

The concept is important in many branches of chemistry, including synthesis and spectroscopy, because functional groups attached to the same atom often behave differently from when they are separated. Geminal diols, for example, are easily converted to ketones or aldehydes with loss of water.

The related term vicinal refers to the relationship between two functional groups that are attached to adjacent atoms. This relative arrangement of two functional groups can also be described by the descriptors α and β.
S-(2-Aminoethyl)isothiuronium bromide hydrobromide
S-(2-Aminoethyl)isothiourea dihydrobromide, commonly known as AET, is a isothiouronium-group-containing reducing agent with textbook uses as a disulfide reducing agent. Though it does not have a free thiol group (-SH) like 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol (DTT), it reacts with water to decompose transiently into thiol intermediates that acts on disulfide in a manner to these containing free -SH groups.

Isothiouronium
In organic chemistry, isothiouronium is a functional group with the formula [RSC(NH2)2]+ (R = alkyl, aryl) and is the acid salt of isothiourea.  The H centres can also be replaced by alkyl and aryl.  Structurally, these cations resemble guanidinium cations.  The CN2S core is planar and the C–N bonds are short.
Terry Hershner
Terry Hershner, nicknamed Electric Terry, is an electric vehicle and renewable energy advocate from Florida.  He is known for his long-distance trips and record breaking  on his electric motorcycle. He rides a modified production 2012 Zero Motorcycles S ZF9 electric motorcycle, outfitted with a Craig Vetter streamlined fairing. In 2013, he was the first person to cross the United States on an electric motorcycle. In 2014, he became the first ever electric motorcycle rider to go 1000 miles in 24 hours and earn an award from the Iron Butt Association, and was also the first electric motorcycle to win the Craig Vetter Fuel Economy Challenge.  Hershner is a board member of the Electric Auto Association, frequent public speaker and radio show guest, and transportation advisor to the international environmental student organization IDEAS for Us.

Electric motorcycles and scooters
Electric motorcycles and scooters are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery that drives one or more electric motors. Electric scooters are distinguished from motorcycles by having a step-through frame, instead of being straddled. Electric bicycles are similar vehicles, distinguished by retaining the ability to be propelled by the rider pedaling in addition to battery propulsion.

Electric scooters with the rider standing are known as escooters.
Boy Culture: The Soundtrack
Boy Culture: The Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 2007 gay drama/romance film Boy Culture. It contains songs from the film as well as the film's score composed by Ryan Beveridge. It was released exclusively on iTunes in April, 2007.

2007 in film
The following is an overview of events in 2007 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies and festivals, a list of films released and notable deaths. The highest-grossing film of the year was Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, which was just marginally ahead of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. 2007 is often considered one of the greatest years for film in the 21st century. It was also the last year to never have a film gross $1 billion until 2020.
788 Naval Air Squadron
788 Naval Air Squadron (788 NAS)  was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN) which last disbanded during June 1945. The squadron formed at RN Air Section China Bay in Ceylon, in January 1942, as the British Eastern Fleet's Torpedo Bomber Reconnaissance Pool, however it lost half its strength during the heavy raids by Japanese carrier-borne aircraft in the April. The squadron regrouped at RNAS Tanga (HMS Kilele) in Tanganyika, East Africa to become a Fleet Requirements Unit and relocating almost immediately to RN Air Section Port Reitz, in Mombasa, where it remained operational for the next three years.

Amphibious aircraft
An amphibious aircraft, or amphibian, is an aircraft that can take off and land on both solid ground and water. These aircraft are typically fixed-wing, though amphibious helicopters do exist as well. Fixed-wing amphibious aircraft are seaplanes (flying boats and floatplanes) which are equipped with retractable wheels, at the expense of extra weight and complexity, plus diminished range and fuel economy compared with planes designed specifically for land-only or water-only operation.
Longstreet (surname)
Longstreet is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Augustus Baldwin Longstreet (1790–1870), American humorist, lawyer, college president, Southerner, writer

Charles Longstreet Weltner (1927–1992), American jurist and politician

Edward Longstreet Bodin (1894–1983), American writer

Hattie Longstreet Price (1891–1968), American artist and illustrator

Helen Dortch Longstreet (1863–1962), American author and feminist, second wife of James Longstreet

Husan Longstreet, American football player

James Longstreet (1821–1904), Confederate general

Martha Longstreet (1870–1953), American physician

Richard Longstreet Tea (1840–1911) American soldier

Stephen Longstreet (1907–2002), American author

Victor M. Longstreet (1906–2000), American economist and Assistant Secretary of the Navy

William Longstreet (c. 1760–1814), American inventor

Ed Bodin
Edward Longstreet Bodin (August 5, 1894 – August 2, 1983), better known as Ed Bodin, was an American literary agent, columnist, mystery writer, and politician who founded the Spiritual Party as a platform to run for President of the United States in the 1952  presidential election.
Paltrow
Paltrow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce Weigert Paltrow (1943–2002) American film director and producer

Gwyneth Paltrow (born 1972) American actress

Jake Paltrow (born 1975) American film director

Rebekah Neumann (nee Paltrow; born 1978), American businesswoman

Rebekah Neumann
Rebekah Victoria Neumann (née Paltrow; born February 26, 1978) is an American businesswoman. Until September 22, 2019, she served as chief brand and impact officer at WeWork, a company founded by her husband, Adam Neumann, and oversaw its education program WeGrow.
Abbala Arabs
The Abbala people are an Afro-Arab ethnic group of the Sahel located in Sudan and Chad. The Abbala are named after their subsistence practice of camel herding.

The term "Abbala" is mostly used in Sudan to distinguish them from the Baggara, a grouping of Arab ethnicities who herd cattle. Although, the two groupings share a common origin from the Juhaynah tribe of the Arabian peninsula and it is a common way to distinguish Rizeigat who herd camels in Northern Darfur and those who herd cows in Southern Darfur. According to Braukämp (1993) some of the Abbala people experienced a cultural change to Baggara culture after being pushed from the Sahel region into the savanna. This resulted in a switch in livestock to cattle, which are better adapted to the savanna environment.

Subsistence economy
A subsistence economy is an economy directed to basic subsistence (the provision of  sufficient food, clothing and shelter to sustain life) rather than oriented to sustaining a market in essential and desirable assets.
West Germany at the 1980 Summer Paralympics
West Germany competed at the 1980 Summer Paralympics in Arnhem, Netherlands. 129 competitors from West Germany won 162 medals including 68 gold, 48 silver and 46 bronze and finished 3rd in the medal table.

1980 Summer Paralympics
The 1980 Summer Paralympics (Dutch: Paralympische Zomerspelen 1980), branded as the Olympics for the Disabled, were the sixth Summer Paralympic Games. They were held in Arnhem, Netherlands, from 21 to 30 June 1980.
The Taill of Schir Chanticleir and the Foxe
"The Taill of Schir Chanticleir and the Foxe" is Fabill 3 of Robert Henryson's cycle of thirteen Morall Fabillis composed in Scotland in the later fifteenth century. It is the first of the fable in the poem to be based on Reynardian and beast epic sources rather than on any strictly Aesopian original, although the closest match from Aesop might be The Dog, the Cock and the Fox. It is a version of Chanticleer and the Fox, a traditional tale of Reynard the Fox.

One of its most direct known sources is Geoffrey Chaucer's Nun's Priest's Tale from the Canterbury Tales written perhaps around ninety years earlier. It might also be argued that Henryson was acquainted with the earlier extended telling of the story in the Reynard cycle. Chanticleir, for example, has three wives, as in the earlier French romance, where Chaucer gives seven to his Chauntecleer.

Henryson's version was probably composed sometime around the 1480s.

Animal tale
An animal tale or beast fable generally consists of a short story or poem in which animals talk. They may exhibit other anthropomorphic qualities as well, such as living in a human-like society. It is a traditional form of allegorical writing.

Animal tales can be understood in universal terms of how animal species relate to each other (for example, predators wishing to eat prey), rather than human groups in a specific society. Thus, readers are able to understand characters' motives, even if they do not come from the same cultural background as the author. Animal tales can be appreciated in times and locations far removed from their origins.
Cannon Mountain (New Hampshire)
Cannon Mountain (formerly Profile Mountain) is a 4,080-foot (1,240 m) peak in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. It is known for both its technical rock and ice climbing on its cliff face and skiing at Cannon Mountain Ski Area. It was also home to the Old Man of the Mountain, until that formation collapsed on May 3, 2003.

Cannon has three sub-peaks with heights of 3,693, 3,700, and 3,769 feet (1,125, 1,127 and 1,148 m), collectively known as "The Cannon Balls". Geologically, it is an exfoliating granite dome. Part of the Kinsman Range, the mountain is within Franconia Notch State Park.

Granite dome
Granite domes are domical hills composed of granite with bare rock exposed over most of the surface. Generally, domical features such as these are known as bornhardts. Bornhardts can form in any type of plutonic rock but are typically composed of granite and granitic gneiss. As granitic plutons cool kilometers below the Earth's surface, minerals in the rock crystallize under uniform confining pressure. Erosion brings the rock closer to Earth's surface and the pressure from above the rock decreases; as a result the rock fractures. These fractures are known as exfoliation joints, or sheet fractures, and form in onionlike patterns that are parallel to the land surface. These sheets of rock peel off the exposed surface and in certain conditions develop domical structures. Additional theories on the origin of granite domes involve scarp-retreat and tectonic uplift.
Robert Hall (cricketer)
Robert Henry Fosbroke Hall (born 1 November 1963) is a former English cricketer.  Hall was a right-handed batsman who played primarily as a wicketkeeper.  He was born at Andover, Hampshire.

Hall made his debut for Herefordshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Devon.  From 1992 to 1999, he represented the county in 46 Championship matches, the last of which came against Oxfordshire. His MCCA Knockout Trophy debut for the county came against Shropshire in 1994.  From 1994 to 1999, he represented the county in 15 Trophy matches, the last of which came against the Worcestershire Cricket Board.

He also represented Herefordshire in 2 List A matches against Somerset in the 1997 NatWest Trophy and Middlesex in the 1998 NatWest Trophy. In his 2 matches, he scored 82 runs at a batting average of 41.00, with a single half century high score of 53.

1997 NatWest Trophy
The 1997 NatWest Trophy was the 17th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 24 June and 7 September 1997. The tournament was won by Essex County Cricket Club who defeated Warwickshire County Cricket Club by 9 wickets in the final at Lord's.
JR Freight Class HD300
The Class HD300 (HD300形) is a hybrid diesel/battery Bo-Bo wheel arrangement switcher locomotive type operated by Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight) in Japan.
Following the delivery and evaluation of a prototype locomotive in March 2010, the first full-production locomotive entered service in February 2012.

Hybrid vehicle
A hybrid vehicle is one that uses two or more distinct types of power, such as submarines that use diesel when surfaced and batteries when submerged. Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.

Hybrid powertrains are designed to switch from one power source to another to maximize both fuel efficiency and energy efficiency. In hybrid electric vehicles, for instance, the electric motor is more efficient at producing torque, or turning power, while the combustion engine is better for maintaining high speed. Improved efficiency, lower emissions, and reduced running costs relative to non-hybrid vehicles are three primary benefits of hybridization.