hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noctorum
Noctorum is a suburb of Birkenhead, Merseyside, England. Administratively it is within the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral as part of Claughton Ward. Noctorum is in the north east of the Wirral Peninsula, bounded by the Beechwood estate to the north, Claughton and Oxton to the east and south east, and the River Fender and M53 motorway to the west.

Due to a redefining of post towns by the Royal Mail in 2003, Noctorum is identified as being within Prenton (which is in fact a geographically separate suburb of Birkenhead). However, this change was purely for postal services and Noctorum remains a part of Birkenhead.

At the 2001 census the population of Noctorum was 4,990. 
For the 2011 census no population figures specific to Noctorum were available. However the total population of Claughton Ward, which includes Noctorum, was 14,705.

Post town
A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system. Including the correct post town in the address increases the chance of a letter or parcel being delivered on time. Post towns in general originated as the location of delivery offices. As of 2004, their main function is to distinguish between localities or street names in addresses not including a postcode.
Phineas Riall
General Sir Phineas Riall, KCH (15 December 1775 – 10 November 1850) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator who served as the lieutenant governor of Grenada from 1816 until 1823. He is best known for serving in the War of 1812, where Riall was captured at the Battle of Lundy's Lane.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Sisters of Mercy of Verona
The Sisters of Mercy of Verona  (Italian: Sorelle della Misericordia; Latin: Institutum Sororum a Misericordia Veronensium; abbreviation: ISM) is a religious institute of pontifical right in the Roman Catholic Church. Its members make public vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience and follow the evangelical way of life in common.

Their mission is primarily for the care of the sick in hospitals and subsequently for the education of youth. Their rule is based on that of Vincent de Paul.

This religious institute was founded in Verona, Italy, in 1840, by Charles Steeb, with the help of Vincenza Maria Poloni, the first superior, who assumed the name of "mother Vincent Mary". The institute received pontifical status in 1931.

The sisters have houses in Albania, Angola, Argentina, Brazil, Burundi, Chile, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Tanzania and the Generalate of the Congregation can be found in Verona, Italy; in 2008 there are 1029 sisters around the world.

Evangelical counsels
In Christianity, the three evangelical counsels, or counsels of perfection, are poverty, chastity, and obedience. As stated by Jesus Christ in the canonical gospels, they are counsels for those who desire to become "perfect" (τελειος, teleios).

The Catholic Church interprets this to mean that they are not binding upon all, and hence not necessary conditions to attain eternal life (heaven), but that they are "acts of supererogation", "over and above" the minimum stipulated in the biblical commandments. Catholics and Lutherans who have made a public profession to order their lives by the evangelical counsels, and confirmed this by public vows before their competent church authority (the act of religious commitment known as a profession), are recognised as members of the consecrated life.
Kamierowo
Kamierowo [kamjɛˈrɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skarszewy, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
John Holloway (geneticist)
John William Holloway is a geneticist based at the University of Southampton, where he is professor of allergy and respiratory genetics, and was appointed associate vice-president interdisciplinary research in 2021. He leads a research team based within the human genetics and medical genomics theme of the School of Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine. Holloway is a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy.

Human genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.

Genes are the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits. Study of human genetics can answer questions about human nature, can help understand diseases and the development of effective  treatment and help us to understand the genetics of human life. This article describes only basic features of human genetics; for the genetics of disorders please see: medical genetics.  For information on the genetics of DNA repair defects related to accelerated aging and/or increased risk of cancer please see: DNA repair-deficiency disorder.
Sir Coplestone Bampfylde, 3rd Baronet
Sir Coplestone Warwick Bampfylde, 3rd Baronet (c. 1689 – 7 October 1727) of Poltimore and North Molton, Devon, was a British landowner and High Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1710 to 1727.

High Tory
In the United Kingdom and elsewhere, High Toryism is the old traditionalist conservatism which is in line with the Toryism originating in the 16th century. High Tories and their worldview are sometimes at odds with the modernising elements of the Conservative Party. Historically, the late 18th-century conservatism derived from the Whig Edmund Burke and William Pitt the Younger marks a watershed from the "higher" or legitimist Toryism that was allied to Jacobitism.

High Toryism has been described by Andrew Heywood as neo-feudalist in its preference for a traditional hierarchical and patriarchal society over modern freedom and equality, as well for holding the traditional gentry as a higher cultural benchmark than the bourgeoisie and those who have attained their position through commerce or labour. Economically, High Tories generally tend to prefer paternalistic  Tory corporatism and protectionism over the neo-liberalism and neo-conservatism that emerged in the 1960s.
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Z)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented alphabetically. The entries are formulated on the micro model, providing summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Rupee
Rupee (UK: /ˌruːˈpiː/, US: /ˈruːpiː/) is the common name for the currencies of India,  Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, Seychelles, and Sri Lanka, and of former currencies of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, the United Arab Emirates (as the Gulf rupee), British East Africa, Burma, German East Africa (as Rupie/Rupien), and Tibet. In Indonesia and the Maldives, the unit of currency is known as rupiah and rufiyaa respectively, cognates of the word rupee.

The Indian rupee and Pakistani rupee are subdivided into one hundred paise (singular paisa) or pice. The Nepalese rupee (रू) subdivides into one hundred paisa (singular and plural) or four sukaas. The Mauritian, Seychellois, and Sri Lankan rupees subdivide into 100 cents.
CRMP1
Collapsin response mediator protein 1, encoded by the CRMP1 gene, is a human protein of the CRMP family.

This gene encodes a member of a family of cytosolic phosphoproteins expressed exclusively in the nervous system. The encoded protein is thought to be a part of the semaphorin signal transduction pathway implicated in semaphorin-induced growth cone collapse during neural development. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

CRMP1 mediates reelin signaling in cortical neuronal migration. Mice deficient in CRMP1 exhibit impaired long-term potentiation and impaired spatial learning and memory.

CRMP1 gene overlaps with another gene called EVC.

Phosphoprotein
A phosphoprotein is a protein that is posttranslationally modified by the attachment of either a single phosphate group, or a complex molecule such as 5'-phospho-DNA, through a phosphate group. The target amino acid is most often serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues (mostly in eukaryotes), or aspartic acid or histidine residues (mostly in prokaryotes).
Kormoran 2-class minehunter
The Kormoran II (Cormorant class), formally Project 258, is a class of mine hunting vessels dedicated for the Polish Navy. The 2011 Defense Budget included a single vessel of this class. It was launched on 4 September 2015 and was predicted to enter service late 2016. Two more ships have been planned. Ships are built by Remontowa Shipbuilding Gdańsk and Naval Shipyard Gdynia consortium. It will be armed with a 35mm OSU-35K naval weapon station.

Minehunter
A minehunter is a naval vessel that seeks, detects, and destroys individual naval mines. Minesweepers, on the other hand, clear mined areas as a whole, without prior detection of mines. A vessel that combines both of these roles is known as a mine countermeasures vessel (MCMV).
Pálsson
Pálsson is a surname of Icelandic origin, meaning son of Páll (Paul). In Icelandic names, the name is not strictly a surname, but a patronymic. The name refers to:

Brooke Palsson, Canadian actress

Einar Pálsson (1925–1996), Icelandic scholar of Icelandic saga literature

Gísli Pálsson (contemporary), Icelandic professor of anthropology, author, and editor

Haukur Pálsson (born 1992), Icelandic basketball player

Hermann Pálsson (1921–2002), Icelandic language scholar and translator

Ögmundur Pálsson (c. 1475–1541), Icelandic Roman Catholic prelate

Sveinn Pálsson (fl. 18th century), Icelandic glaciologist and vulcanologist

Þorsteinn Pálsson (born 1947), Icelandic politician; Prime Minister of Iceland 1987–88

Victor Pálsson (born 1991), Icelandic footballer

Hermann Pálsson
Hermann Pálsson (26 May 1921 – 11 August 2002) was an Icelandic language scholar and translator, "one of the most distinguished scholars of Icelandic studies of his generation". Often working in collaboration with others such as Magnus Magnusson or Paul Edwards, he translated around 40 works of medieval Icelandic literature.
Edward Bluthardt
Edward E. Bluthardt (December 16, 1916 – August 3, 1993) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Bluthardt went to the Chicago Public Schools. He served in the United States Army during World War II and was commissioned a lieutenant. Bluthardt received his bachelor's degree from Illinois College and his law degree from John Marshall Law School. Bluthardt practiced law and lived in Schiller Park, Illinois. He served as mayor of Schiller Park and was a Republican. Bluthardt served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1967 to 1983. Bluthardt died at Resurrection Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois.

Illinois College
Illinois College is a private liberal arts college in Jacksonville, Illinois. It is affiliated with the United Church of Christ and the Presbyterian Church (USA). It was the second college founded in Illinois but the first to grant a degree (in 1835). It was founded in 1829 by the Yale Band, students from Yale College who traveled westward to found new colleges. It briefly served as the state's first medical school, from 1843 to 1848.
Lisie Kąty
Lisie Kąty [ˈliɕɛ ˈkɔntɨ] (German: Fuchswinkel)  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paczków, within Nysa County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

Nysa County
Nysa County (Polish: powiat nyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nysa, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. The county contains four other towns: Głuchołazy, 18 km (11 mi) south of Nysa, Paczków, 24 km (15 mi) west of Nysa, Otmuchów, 12 km (7 mi) west of Nysa, and Korfantów, 20 km (12 mi) east of Nysa.

The county covers an area of 1,223.87 square kilometres (472.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 136,393. The most populated towns are Nysa with 43,849 inhabitants, Głuchołazy with 13,534 inhabitants, and Paczków with 7,460 inhabitants.
Jane Albert
Jane Albert Willens (born June 2, 1946) is an American former tennis player. She is the daughter of San Francisco 49ers quarterback Frankie Albert.

A right-handed player, Albert was a member of the tennis team at Stanford and was the 1964 AIAW singles champion.

While at college she competed on the international tennis tour, including Wimbledon, where she made the quarter-finals in 1965. En route she beat Norma Baylon, Helga Schultze and Françoise Dürr.

Albert represented the United States in the 1966 Wightman Cup, partnering Billie Jean King in doubles.

In 1967, her senior year, she won the AIAW doubles championship with Julie Anthony and competed at the Pan American Games in Winnipeg, winning two gold medals for doubles and a bronze medal in the singles.

Albert's daughter, Heather Willens, played tennis at Stanford and briefly on professional tennis tour in the early 1990s.

Norma Baylon
Norma Baylon (born 9 November 1942) is an Argentine former World No 7 ranked tennis player in singles in 1966. She was active from 1958 to 1969 and contested 31 career singles finals, and won 14 titles.
Tachystatin
Tachystatins are antimicrobial chitin-binding peptides from Japanese horseshoe crab. Amino acid residues Tyr(14) and Arg(17) in Tachystatin B are thought to be the essential residues for chitin binding. These small proteins contain a cysteine-stabilised triple-stranded beta-sheet with an inhibitor cystine knot motif and show features common to membrane-interactive peptides. Tachystatin A is thought to have an antimicrobial activity similar to defensins.

Chitin
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n (/ˈkaɪtɪn/ KY-tin) is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose. Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature (behind only cellulose); an estimated 1 billion tons of chitin are produced each year in the biosphere. It is a primary component of cell walls in fungi (especially filamentous and mushroom-forming fungi), the exoskeletons of arthropods such as crustaceans and insects, the radulae, cephalopod beaks and gladii of molluscs and in some nematodes and diatoms.
It is also synthesised by at least some fish and lissamphibians. Commercially, chitin is extracted from the shells of crabs, shrimps, shellfish and lobsters, which are major by-products of the seafood industry. The structure of chitin is comparable to cellulose, forming crystalline nanofibrils or whiskers. It is functionally comparable to the protein keratin. Chitin has proved useful for several medicinal, industrial and biotechnological purposes.
Shoshana Bean
Shoshana E. Bean (born September 1, 1977) is an American actress, singer and songwriter. She has appeared in numerous musicals, performing in major Off-Broadway and Broadway productions, including in the original production of Hairspray.

In 2017, she won the IRNE Award for Best Actress as Fanny Brice in Funny Girl. In the 2020s, Bean received two nominations at the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her performances in Mr. Saturday Night (2022) and in Hell's Kitchen (2024), alongside two nominations at the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album for the musicals' cast recordings, winning it with the latter production.

Bean has released three albums and has appeared on many theater cast recordings. She won a AIM Independent Music Award for Best R&B Song with her single "Superhero".

AIM Independent Music Awards
The AIM Independent Music Awards, hosted by the Association of Independent Music (commonly abbreviated to AIM), began in 2011. It is established through a collection of independent record labels and providing service and support to independent and smaller artists and record labels globally, achieving recognition for their efforts and works. The AIM Independent Music Awards are also providing recipients with greater opportunities to further expand their careers and name in the music industry.
Ellen ten Damme
Ellen ten Damme (born 7 October 1967) is a Dutch actress, singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. Ten Damme both sings and acts in four languages (Dutch, English, French and German), and plays piano and keyboards, guitar and violin. During her school years Ellen was an enthusiastic gymnast, and incorporating some gymnastic tricks or even circus acts into her shows has become a trademark.

Ten Damme grew up in the rural village of Roden, close to the university town Groningen, where she studied Dutch for a while. However she switched to the Amsterdam Theatre School for stage, film, cabaret and musical actors. After spending a great deal of time in Germany, Ten Damme returned to Amsterdam, where she lives on a houseboat.

Academy of Theatre and Dance
The Academy of Theatre and Dance is a faculty of the Amsterdam University of the Arts which was known as de Theaterschool until September 2016. It runs four year Bachelor's degree courses in theatre and dance, and two year Master's degree courses offered by DAS Graduate School. The staff of instructors and guest instructors amounts to about sixty persons, nearly all also in active in the theatrical and dance field.
Dialium travancoricum
Dialium travancoricum is a critically endangered species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Kerala India specifically around the Travancore range near Ponmudi and Ariankavu. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Aryankavu
Aryankavu is a village located in the Kollam district of the Indian state of Kerala. It lies close to the border between Kerala and Tamil Nadu near Thenmala. It is also one of the famous pilgrimage sites associated with the legend of Sabarimala. The village is located beside Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary
Kızılburun Column Wreck
The Kızılburun Column Wreck is a first century BC shipwreck excavated by the Institute of Nautical Archaeology off the west coast of Turkey between 2005 and 2011. The most notable find at the site was eight column drums along with a doric capital which was determined by the excavators to be destined for the Temple of Apollo at Claros.

Institute of Nautical Archaeology
The Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA) is an organization devoted to the study of humanity's interaction with the sea through the practice of archaeology. It is the world’s oldest organization devoted to the study of nautical archaeology.
Restaurant ware
Restaurant ware, or most commonly hotelware, is vitrified, ceramic tableware which exhibits high mechanical strength and is produced for use in hotels and restaurants. Tableware used in railway dining cars, passenger ships and airlines are also included in this  category.

Collectable hotelware was usually made of stoneware or ironstone china during the early to mid-20th century. Examples from the 19th century are also collectable, but rarer.

Homer Laughlin
Homer Laughlin (March 23, 1843 – January 10, 1913) was an American businessman and potter. With his brother Shakespeare, he formed the Laughlin Pottery Company, now known as Fiesta Tableware Company, in 1871.
Gurjars in Uttarakhand
Gurjars in Uttarakhand, Uttarakhandi Gujjars, or Uttaranchali Gujjars are a community native to the Indian state of Uttarakhand. They descended from Gurjars who moved into this region during medieval times. They are mainly found in the Garhwal and Kumaon divisions: 56-70  and scattered across almost all districts of Uttarakhand; they are densely populated in Dehradun, Haridwar, Nainital, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarkashi, Tehri Garhwal, and  Almora districts, while Pithoragarh district has the smallest Gujjar population. In the 1931 Census of India, 63.21% of Gurjars in present-day Uttarakhand state were Muslims, while the remaining 36.79% were Hindus.

Hindu Gujjars in the state have traditionally been settled, with some being nomads, while Muslim Gujjars are mainly nomads with some settled communities. Amongst the nomadic Muslim Gurjar communities Van Gujjar is a major subgroup.

Almora district
Almora district is a district in the Kumaon Division of Uttarakhand state, India. The headquarters is at Almora. It is 1,638 meters above sea level. The neighbouring regions are Pithoragarh district to the east, Chamoli district to the west, Bageshwar district to the north and Nainital district to the south.
1978 Cameroonian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Cameroon on 28 May 1978. The country was a one-party state at the time, with the Cameroonian National Union as the sole legal party. 2,618 candidates ran for a place on the CNU list, with 120 eventually winning a place on it, equal to the number seats available in the National Assembly, winning all of them with a 98% turnout.

Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
The Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM; French: Rassemblement démocratique du Peuple Camerounais, RDPC) is the ruling  political party in Cameroon. Previously known as the Cameroonian National Union, which had dominated Cameroon politics since independence in the 1960s, it was renamed in 1985. The national president of the CPDM is Paul Biya, the president of Cameroon, while the secretary-general of the party's Central Committee is Jean Nkuete.
The Book of Animal Ignorance
The Book of Animal Ignorance is the second title in a series of books based on the intellectual British panel game QI, written by series-creator John Lloyd and head-researcher John Mitchinson. It is a trivia book, consisting largely of little-known facts about various animals, alongside factual corrections to other pieces of supposedly "well-known" trivia that, although widely believed, are not always accurate. It is a sequel to The Book of General Ignorance.

New Scientist
New Scientist is a popular science magazine covering all aspects of science and technology. Based in London, it publishes weekly English-language editions in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. An editorially separate organisation publishes a monthly Dutch-language edition. First published on 22 November 1956, New Scientist has been available in online form since 1996.

Sold in retail outlets (paper edition) and on subscription (paper and/or online), the magazine covers news, features, reviews and commentary on science, technology and their implications. New Scientist also publishes speculative articles, ranging from the technical to the philosophical.

New Scientist was acquired by Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT) in March 2021.