hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knowstone
Knowstone is a village and civil parish situated in the North Devon district of Devon, England, halfway between the Mid Devon town of Tiverton, Devon and the North Devon town of South Molton. The hamlet of East Knowstone lies due east of the village. Knowstone was the birthplace of Admiral Sir John Berry (1635–1691), second son of Rev. Daniel Berry (1609–1654), vicar of Knowstone cum Molland. An elaborate mural monument erected by Sir John in 1684 to the memory of his parents survives in Molland Church.

The village lies on the route of the Two Moors Way and Celtic Way Exmoor Option.

Celtic Way
The Celtic Way is a long-distance walk from West Wales, through South Wales and into Wessex and the West of England in the United Kingdom. The route is 725-mile-long (1,167 km) and visits more than one hundred pre-historic sites through its route.
J. John Fox
J. John Fox (d. October 4, 1999 in Needham, Massachusetts) was an American judge known for his central role in the founding of the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, Massachusetts.

UMass Chan Medical School
The UMass Chan Medical School is a public medical school in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is part of the University of Massachusetts system. It consists of three schools: the T.H. Chan School of Medicine, the Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing. The school also operates a biomedical research enterprise and a range of public-service initiatives throughout the state.
Abraham Yizhaki
Abraham Yizhaki (Hebrew: אברהם יצחקי, romanized: Avraham Yitsḥaki) was a Talmudic scholar and dayyan who lived in Salonica toward the end of the sixteenth century.

He was the author the four-part work Aḥot Ḳeṭannah on the laws of gets involving minors, printed at the end of Jacob Ḥagiz's Halakot Ḳeṭannot. The work is quoted in Joseph Almosnino's 'Edut bi-Yehosef (i., No. 54) and in Ḥasdai Peraḥya's Torat Ḥesed (No. 65).

Get (divorce document)
A get, ghet, or gett (/ɡɛt/; Imperial Aramaic: גט, plural gittin גטין) is a document in Jewish religious law which effectuates a divorce between a Jewish couple. The term is also used to refer to the divorce itself. The get is a 12-line document written in Aramaic. The requirements for a get include that the document must be presented by a husband to his wife. The essential part of the get is a very short declaration: "You are hereby permitted to all men." The effect of the get is to free the woman from the marriage, and consequently, she is free to marry another, and that the laws of adultery no longer apply. The get also restores to the wife the legal rights that her husband held over her.
Banlakan
Banlakan (Persian: بان لكان, also Romanized as Bānlaḵān) is a village in Zardalan Rural District, Helilan District, Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 115, in 25 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Dysphania pumilio
Dysphania pumilio (common names - small crumbweed, clammy goosefoot) is a species of flowering plant in the family  Chenopodioideae.

It is native to Australia, but it is  found in other parts of the world as an introduced species, often growing in disturbed and waste areas such as roadsides and lots. It is known from many parts of North America and Europe, and it was recently found in Iran for the first time, in the Māzandarān Province. It is thought to have first arrived in Europe with imports of wool from Australia.

Chenopodioideae
The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae in the APG III system, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny, but were included – together with other subfamilies – in the family Chenopodiaceae, or goosefoot family, in the Cronquist system.

Food species comprise spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Good King Henry (Blitum bonus-henricus), several Chenopodium species (quinoa, kañiwa, fat hen), orache (Atriplex spp.), and epazote (Dysphania ambrosioides). The name is Greek for goosefoot, the common name of a genus of plants having small greenish flowers.
Rapke
Rapke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jack Rapke (fl. 1974), American film producer

Jeremy Rapke (fl. 2007–2011), Australian lawyer

Julia Rapke (1886–1959), Australian-Jewish women's rights activist

Julia Rapke
Julia Rapke OBE (11 February 1886 – 9 October 1959) was an Australian, Jewish women's rights activist and Justice of the Peace, who held numerous roles in women's organisations regionally, nationally and internationally, including presidency of the Australian chapter of the Women's International Zionist Organization.
Jackie Jensen
Jack Eugene Jensen (March 9, 1927 – July 14, 1982) was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who played for three American League (AL) teams from 1950 to 1961, most notably the Boston Red Sox. He was named the AL's Most Valuable Player (MVP) in 1958 after hitting 35 home runs and leading the league with 122 runs batted in (RBIs); he also led the league in RBIs two other years, and in triples and stolen bases once each. Respected for his throwing arm, he won a Gold Glove Award and led the AL in assists and double plays twice each. He retired in his early thirties as major-league baseball expanded westward, due to an intense fear of flying. After being a two-sport star in college, Jensen was the first person to play in the Rose Bowl, the World Series, and the MLB All-Star Game.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
MT Zafirah hijacking
On 18 November 2012, eleven Indonesian pirates hijacked MT Zafirah, a Malaysian tanker, in the South China Sea. The tanker crew was left by the pirates on a lifeboat in the sea two days after the hijacking but were subsequently rescued by Vietnamese fishing vessels on 21 November when their lifeboat was drifting around 118 nautical miles in the waters off Vietnam's southern Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province. All the pirates managed to be tracked by Vietnam Coast Guard and Vietnam People's Navy with information provided by Malaysian based International Maritime Bureau and Singaporean based RECAAP, which led to their arrest after a brief of standoff near Vũng Tàu port.

Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu (abbreviated BRVT) was formerly a province of Vietnam. It was located on the coast of the country's Southeast region. It bordered Đồng Nai to the north, Bình Thuận to the northeast and Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area to the southwest. It also included the Côn Đảo islands, located some distance off Vietnam's southeastern coast. From 1954 to 1976, under South Vietnam, the province was called Phước Tuy.

On 12 June 2025, Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu was incorporated into Ho Chi Minh City.
Periyar and social reform
Periyar E. V. Ramasamy (17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973), also known as Ramaswami, EVR, Thanthai Periyar, or Periyar, was a Dravidian social reformer and politician from India, who founded the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam. He wanted thinking people to realize that their society was far from perfect and that it is in urgent need of reform. Periyar wanted the Government, the political parties and social workers to identify the evils in society and boldly adopt measures to remove them.

Reformism (historical)
Reformism is a type of social movement that aims to bring a social or also a political system closer to the community's ideal. A reform movement is distinguished from more radical social movements such as revolutionary movements which reject those old ideals, in that the ideas are often grounded in liberalism, although they may be rooted in socialist (specifically, social democratic) or religious concepts. Some rely on personal transformation; others rely on small collectives, such as Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel and the self-sustaining village economy, as a mode of social change. Reactionary movements, which can arise against any of these, attempt to put things back the way they were before any successes the new reform movement(s) enjoyed, or to prevent any such successes.
Willem Linnig the Younger
Willem Linnig the Younger (20 August 1842 in Antwerp – 3 September 1890 in Antwerp) was a Belgian painter and engraver who is best known for his history and genre scenes, landscapes and still lifes.  He taught for some time at the Fine Arts School of Weimar.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Amorphophallus galbra
Amorphophallus galbra, commonly known as cheeky yam or  sweet snakeskin lily, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the arum family Araceae found in New Guinea and northern Australia (Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland). It has an underground tuber which produces flower spikes and leaves in the wet season, which then die off during the dry season.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Mizuho (train)
The Mizuho (みずほ) is a limited-stop Shinkansen service operated between Shin-Osaka and Kagoshima-Chuo in Japan since 12 March 2011, following the completion of the Kyushu Shinkansen. The name was formerly used for a limited express sleeping car service operated by JNR from 1961, which ran from Tokyo to Kumamoto, and was discontinued in December 1994. The name "mizuho (瑞穂)" literally means "abundant rice" in Japanese and "harvest" in the figurative sense. It was also an ancient name of Japan.

Foreigners traveling with a Japan Rail Pass are required to purchase a special ticket to use the Mizuho service.

Kumamoto Station
Kumamoto Station (熊本駅, Kumamoto-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the Nishi-ku ward of the city of  Kumamoto, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu. It is the main terminal station for the city.  In front of the station is a tram stop of the tram operated by Kumamoto City Transportation Bureau named Kumamoto-Ekimae Station.
Kihansi Hydroelectric Power Station
Kihansi Hydroelectric Power Station, is a 180 megawatts (241,384 hp) hydroelectric power station located in  Kilombero District of southeast Morogoro Region in southern Tanzania. The power station is one of the largest dams in the country. The Tanzanian electricity company, Tanesco operates the power station on behalf of the government of Tanzania.

Morogoro Region
Morogoro Region (Mkoa wa Morogoro in Swahili) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. It covers an area of 70,624 km2 (27,268 sq mi). and is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Ireland. Morogoro Region is bordered to the north by the Manyara Region and Tanga Region, to the east by the Pwani and Lindi Regions, to the south by the Ruvuma Region and to the west by the Iringa Njombe and Dodoma Regions. The regional capital is the municipality of Morogoro. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 3,197,104.
Anne Hathaway Cottage
The Anne Hathaway Cottage located in Sacramento, California, is a historic house, in the Tudor Revival architecture style built in the 1923. It was one of several homes designed by Dean & Dean, a local architectural firm started by brothers James and Charles Dean. Their firm designed several stately homes in Sacramento prior to the Great Depression

The Anne Hathaway Cottage is part of the South Curtis Oaks housing tract developed by builder J.C. Carly, associated with the Better Homes in America movement. It was built for drugstore manager Ernest Kimberlin and was advertised as the "Anne Hathaway Cottage" due to its intended similarity to the home of William Shakespeare's wife, located in Warwickshire, England.

The Anne Hathaway Cottage was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

Anne Hathaway's Cottage
Anne Hathaway's Cottage is a twelve-roomed former farmhouse where Anne Hathaway, the wife of William Shakespeare, lived as a child. It is situated in Shottery about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Stratford-upon-Avon town centre. Shottery is now a district of Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England; however, in Shakespearean times, Shottery was a hamlet. The house, set within pleasant gardens, is a tourist attraction. It has been owned by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust since 1892.
Blacksburg Motor Company, Inc.
Blacksburg Motor Company, Inc., also known as Doc Roberts Tire Co. and Heavener Chevrolet, is a historic commercial building located at Blacksburg, Montgomery County, Virginia.  It was built in 1924 and expanded about 1933, and is a two-story brick and poured concrete building with only a single story visible from the front facade.  It features Art Deco and Moderne design details including painted concrete details, rounded corners, and bands of windows with metal frames on the façade and tin ceilings and terrazzo floors on the interior.  The building housed the first auto dealership in Blacksburg.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008, and now houses the Town of Blackburg's departments of Planning and Building, and Engineering and GIS.

Blacksburg, Virginia
Blacksburg is an incorporated town in Montgomery County, Virginia, United States, with a population of 44,826 at the 2020 census. Blacksburg and the surrounding county is dominated economically and demographically by the presence of Virginia Tech.

Blacksburg, Christiansburg, and the city of Radford are the three principal jurisdictions of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area, which encompasses those jurisdictions and all of Montgomery, Pulaski, and Giles counties for statistical purposes. The MSA has an estimated population of 181,863 and is currently one of the faster-growing MSAs in Virginia.
The Counterfeits
The Counterfeits is a 1678 comedy play by the English writer John Leanerd.  It was staged by the Duke's Company at the Dorset Garden Theatre with a cast that included Anthony Leigh as Don Gomez, Thomas Gillow as Don Luis, Thomas Betterton as Vitelli, Henry Harris as Antonio, Matthew Medbourne as Carles, William Smith as  Peralta, Thomas Percival as Dormilon, Cave Underhill as Fabio, Joseph Williams as Crispin, John Richards as Tonto, Mary Lee as Elvira, Emily Price as Violante and Anne Shadwell as Flora.

Cave Underhill
Cave Underhill (1634–1710?) was an English actor in comedy roles.

Underhill entertained three generations of London theatre-goers. For over 40 years, as a member of the Duke's Company, Underhill played the first Gravedigger in Hamlet. He was also successful in playing Gregory in Romeo and Juliet, the clown in Twelfth Night, and Trinculo in The Tempest.
Alex Sarama
Alex Sarama (/ˈsɑːrəmə/) is a British basketball coach and author. He is the assistant coach and director of player development for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association. In October 2025, he was appointed head coach of the Portland Fire, an expansion franchise in the Women's National Basketball Association, set to debut in 2026. Sarama is associated with the application of skill acquisition concepts and the constraints-led approach in basketball.

Kenny Atkinson
Kenneth Neil Atkinson (born June 2, 1967) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was previously the head coach of the Brooklyn Nets from 2016 to 2020. Atkinson was born in Northport, New York and played college basketball for University of Richmond leading the Spiders team to an appearance in the 1988 NCAA Division I tournament.
Sandomierz Basin
Sandomierz Basin (Polish: Kotlina Sandomierska) is a lowland, located in southeastern Poland, between the Lesser Poland Upland, Lublin Upland and the Western Carpathians. Its name comes from the historical city of Sandomierz, and the basin has a triangular shape with the size of around 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi). It is drained by the Vistula River, as well as its eastern tributary, the San (both rivers make its northern border). Among major cities located in the Sandomierz Basin are Dębica, Jarosław, Mielec, Przemyśl, Przeworsk, Rzeszów, Stalowa Wola, Sandomierz, Tarnobrzeg, and Tarnów.

Przemyśl
Przemyśl (Polish: [ˈpʂɛmɨɕl] ⓘ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 56,466 inhabitants, as of December 2023. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. It was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship.

Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transport, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Przemyśl has been a point of refuge for many Ukrainians, as it is located near the Poland–Ukraine border and serves as the end point of the Lviv–Przemyśl railway junction.
Julian Keilson
Julian Keilson (November 19, 1924 – March 8, 1999 in Rochester, New York) was an American 
mathematician.
He was known for his work in probability theory.  His work in survival analysis is relevant to many fields, e.g., medical research, parts supply, asset depreciation, rental pricing, etc.

He got his B.Sc. in physics from Brooklyn College,
and M.Sc. and Ph.D. from Harvard University.  His Ph.D. thesis advisor was the Nobel Prize–winning professor of Physics, Julian Schwinger. Next he worked at
MIT Lincoln Laboratories and GTE Laboratories before joining the faculty at  University of Rochester (1966–96) where 
he started the Applied Statistics department in the business school.
He also taught at MIT Sloan School of Management (1986–92).

Julian Schwinger
Julian Seymour Schwinger (/ˈʃwɪŋər/; February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was an American theoretical physicist. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics with Richard Feynman and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles". He developed a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and renormalized QED to one loop order. Schwinger was a physics professor at several universities.

Schwinger is recognized as an important physicist, responsible for much of modern quantum field theory, including a variational approach, and the equations of motion for quantum fields. He developed the first electroweak model, and the first example of confinement in 1+1 dimensions. He is responsible for the theory of multiple neutrinos, Schwinger terms, and the theory of the spin-3/2 field. He shared the inaugural Albert Einstein Award with Kurt Gödel.
Gao Minglu
Gao Minglu (born 29 October 1949) is a scholar in Chinese contemporary art. He is the Chair of the Department of Art History, Professor for Distinguished Service, and Chair of Art and is an instructor at the University of Pittsburgh. He is also distinguished professor at Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts.

Gao was the Chair of the Department of Art History and Professor for Distinguished Service at Sichuan Fine Art Institute, China. His works focus on the influence and nature of Chinese art.

Sichuan Fine Arts Institute
Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (SFAI) (simplified Chinese: 四川美术学院; traditional Chinese: 四川美術學院; pinyin: Sìchuān měishù xuéyuàn) is a public fine arts university established in 1940 in the southwest City of Chongqing, China. It is one of the art academies in China and the only one in southwest China.
Wade Flemons (swimmer)
Wade Flemons (born August 26, 1960) is a Canadian former backstroke swimmer.

Flemons trained at the Hollyburn Country Club while growing up in Vancouver, British Columbia.

A backstroke specialist, Flemons swam at two World Championships and qualified for the 1980 Moscow Olympics, which Canada ultimately boycotted. Swimming in the 100 metre backstroke, he came sixth at the 1979 Pan American Games, won bronze at 1982 Commonwealth Games and was fourth at the 1983 Pan American Games. He was a collegiate swimmer for Stanford University and won an NCAA Division I championship in the 200 yard backstroke.

1979 Pan American Games
The 1979 Pan American Games, officially the VIII Pan American Games (Spanish: VIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as San Juan 1979, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization (PASO), and were held in San Juan, Puerto Rico, from July 1 to  July 15, 1979. Volleyball and some baseball matches were held in Caguas, Puerto Rico. The 1980 documentary film A Step Away showcased a number of athletes competing in the Games.
St Anthony's Hall
St Anthony's Hall in York, England, is a former medieval guildhall and Grade I listed building. It currently houses Trinity Church York and the The Quilters' Guild of the British Isles. The Hall, located on Peasholme Green, was built between 1446 and 1453 on the site of a chapel of St Anthony for either the Guild of St Martin or the Guild of St Anthony (which was founded in 1446). After the decline of the Guilds, it was used between 1627 and 1705 for various purposes: as an arsenal, a military hospital and a prison. Between 1705 and 1947 it housed the York Bluecoat School, after which it was offered to the York Civic Trust. In 1953, it became the Borthwick Institute for Historical Research (now the Borthwick Institute for Archives), which moved in 2004 to a purpose-built building next to the J. B. Morrell Library on the campus of the University of York. The Quilt Museum and Gallery opened in the Hall in 2008 and closed in 2015.

Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.