hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tày people
The Tày people, also known as the Thổ, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di, is a Central Tai-speaking ethnic group who live in northern Vietnam. According to a 2019 census, there are 1.8 million Tày people living in Vietnam. This makes them the second largest ethnic group in Vietnam after the majority Kinh (Vietnamese) ethnic group. Most live in northern Vietnam in the Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn, Bắc Kạn, Thái Nguyên, and Quảng Ninh provinces, along the valleys and the lower slopes of the mountains. They also live in some regions of the Bắc Ninh and Bắc Giang provinces. They inhabit fertile plains and are generally agriculturalists, mainly cultivating rice. They also cultivate maize, and sweet potato among other things.

Quảng Ninh province
Quảng Ninh (Vietnamese pronunciation: [kwâŋ nīŋ] ⓘ) is a province along the northeastern coast of Vietnam. It is about 153 km (95 mi) east of Hanoi, comprising four cities, two district-level towns and seven rural districts. The former provincial capital is Hạ Long. The province covers an area of 6,207.95 km2 (2,396.90 mi2) and, as of 2023, had a population of 1,413,452. Nearly 80% of the province is mountainous, with 90% of Vietnam's coal output extracted from the province. The province is also home to Hạ Long Bay, a World Heritage Site that has 1,969 islands, out of which 989 have been given names.

Quảng Ninh has a Human Development Index of 0.819 (very high), ranking second among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam.
Tehran Metro Line 5
Line 5 is coloured green on system maps; it is a 69-kilometer-long (43 mi) regional rail line and has thirteen stations. Entering the area of Karaj with main stations at Karaj and Golshahr. It connects with the western end of Line 2 at Tehran (Sadeghiyeh) station. A western extension towards Hashtgerd has been inaugurated in December 2019

The line is also assigned to be Karaj Metro Line 1 in Karaj's 6-line Metro expansion master plan.

Hashtgerd
Hashtgerd (Persian: هشتگرد) is a city in the Central District of Savojbolagh County, Alborz province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city is 68 kilometres (42 mi) west of Tehran.
Sanginabad
Sanginabad (Persian: سنگين آباد, also Romanized as Sangīnābād) is a village in Badr Rural District, in the Central District of Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 734, in 148 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Badr Rural District (Qorveh County)
Badr Rural District (Persian: دهستان بدر) is in the Central District of Qorveh County, Kurdistan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Veyhaj. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qaleh.
Hendrik Jan Elhorst
Hendrik Jan Elhorst (29 October 1861, Wisch, Gelderland – 21 March 1924, Amsterdam) was a Dutch Mennonite teacher and minister.

He was trained at the gymnasium in Deventer and then at the Amsterdam Mennonite seminary and first served in Irnsum (Friesland) 1887-1888, Arnhem 1888-1898, The Hague 1898-1900, before being called in 1900 to serve in the Doopsgezinde kerk, Haarlem, where he became a member of the Teylers First Society in 1902. Van Gelder became a professor in the University of Amsterdam 1906-1924. He was one of the founders and editors of Teylers Theologisch Tijdschrift.

Arnhem
Arnhem (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɛm] ⓘ or [ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm] ⓘ; German: Arnheim [ˈaʁnhaɪm] ⓘ; Ernems: Èrnem) is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of the rivers Nederrijn and Sint-Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development.

Arnhem is home to the Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, ArtEZ Institute of the Arts, Netherlands Open Air Museum, Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein', Royal Burgers' Zoo, NOC*NSF and National Sports Centre Papendal. The north corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe National Park. It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.
William Pierrepont, 4th Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull
William Pierrepont, 4th Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (c. 1662 – 17 September 1690) was an English peer and Member of Parliament.

The second son of Robert Pierrepont of Thoresby Nottinghamshire and his wife Elizabeth Evelyn, Pierrepont was born on the Evelyn estate of West Dean, Wiltshire. He was educated at Trinity College, Oxford.

He inherited the Earldom of Kingston-upon-Hull in June 1682 from his elder brother Robert Pierrepont, 3rd Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull.

In 1689 and 1690 he acted as Colonel of a Regiment of Foot, Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire and Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire, Chief Justice in Eyre North of the Trent, and High Steward of Kingston-upon-Hull.

He died in 1690 of apoplexy at Holme Pierrepont, and was succeeded as 5th Earl by his younger brother Evelyn Pierrepont.

Apoplexy
Apoplexy (from Ancient Greek  ἀποπληξία (apoplexia) 'a striking away') refers to the rupture of an internal organ and the associated symptoms. Informally or metaphorically, the term apoplexy is associated with being furious, especially as "apoplectic". Historically, it described what is now known as a hemorrhagic stroke, typically involving a ruptured blood vessel in the brain; modern medicine typically specifies the anatomical location of the bleeding, such as cerebral apoplexy, ovarian apoplexy, or pituitary apoplexy.
Capo Carbonara Lighthouse
Capo Carbonara Lighthouse (Italian: Faro di Capo Carbonara) is a light situated at the extremity of the granite promontory of Capo Carbonara, in the comune of Villasimius, on the eastern side of Gulf of Cagliari inside the Marine protected area of Capo Carbonara.

Villasimius
Villasimius (Italian: [villasiˈmiːus]; Sardinian: Crabonaxa [kɾaβɔˈnaʒa]), is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region of Sardinia, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Cagliari.
1995 Skoda Czech Open – Doubles
Karel Nováček and Mats Wilander were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Libor Pimek and Byron Talbot won the title by defeating Jiří Novák and David Rikl 7–5, 1–6, 7–6 in the final.

Karel Nováček
Karel Nováček (born 30 March 1965) is a retired Czech former top ten tennis player born in Prostějov, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic). In his career, Nováček won 13 singles titles and six doubles titles. His highest singles ranking was World No. 8, which he achieved on 18 November 1991.

His best performance at a Grand Slam came at the 1994 US Open where he defeated Alexander Vladimirovich Volkov, Andriy Medvedev, Todd Woodbridge, Javier Frana and Jaime Yzaga before losing to Michael Stich in the semifinal. In 1997, Novacek was suspended for three months for failing a drug test at the 1995 French Open; he forfeited $185,765, but denied taking cocaine knowingly.

Nováček lived in Boca Raton, Florida, United States for 20 years, and then moved back to the Czech Republic. Karel and Maya Nováček married in 1990; as of 2002, they had three children. In 2002, the Boca Raton News reported that their ten-year-old daughter Anika was a promising tennis player, winning several tournaments.
Silva Carbonaria
The Silva Carbonaria (Latin for 'charcoal forest') was the dense old-growth forest of beech and oak that formed a natural boundary during the Late Iron Age through Roman times into the Early Middle Ages across what is now western Wallonia. The Silva Carbonaria was a vast forest that stretched from the rivers Zenne and the Dijle in the north to the Sambre in the south. Its northern outliers reached the then marshy site of modern Brussels.

Further to the southeast, the higher elevation and deep river valleys were covered by the even less penetrable ancient Arduenna Silva, the deeply folded Ardennes, which are still partly forested to this day.  To the east, the forested zone was possibly considered to extend to the Rhine. It was there in Cologne in 388 CE that the magistri militum praesentalis Nannienus and Quintinus began a counter-attack against a Frankish incursion from across the Rhine, which was fought in the Silva Carbonaria.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
Mahabubur Rahman Liton
Mahabubur Rahman Liton is a Bangladeshi politician the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He was elected as the Member of Parliament for the Mymensingh-7 constituency in the 2026 Bangladeshi general election held on 12 February 2026.

Member of Parliament (Bangladesh)
A Member of Parliament in Bangladesh is a member of the Jatiya Sangsad or House of the Nation, the unicameral legislature of Bangladesh. A majority of members are elected directly in general elections, while a minority of seats are reserved exclusively for women and allocated on a proportional basis. The Constitution specifies that Parliament consists of 300 directly elected members, while 50 seats are reserved for women. The individual who leads the largest party or alliance in parliament usually becomes Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
Bellman (surname)
Bellman is a surname. A variant of the surname is Belman. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Michael Bellman (1740–1795), Swedish poet and composer

Dmitriy Bellman (born 1977), Russian artist jeweller

Gina Bellman (born 1966), New Zealand/English actress

Heiko Bellmann (1950–2014) German biologist, writer, zoologist and photographer

Jonathan Bellman (born 1957), American musicologist

John Belleman (died after 1557), Tutor to Edward VI

Lois Bellman (1926–2015), All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player

Richard E. Bellman (1920–1984), American mathematician

Samuel H. Bellman (1906–1999), American lawyer and politician

Veronika Bellmann (born 1960), German politician

Fictional characters:

Beatrice Bellman, a character played by Maureen Lipman in BT commercials

Lois Bellman
Lois Bellman [Balchunas] (September 11, 1926 – October 17, 2015) was an All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player. Bellman batted and threw right handed. She was dubbed Punky.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Bellman joined the league with the Chicago Colleens club in its 1949 season. She did not have individual records or some information was incomplete.
Roquefort-la-Bédoule
Roquefort-la-Bédoule (French pronunciation: [ʁɔkfɔʁ la bedul]; Occitan: Ròcafòrt e la Bedola) is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southern France. Its inhabitants are called Bédoulens (masculine) and Bédoulennes (feminine).

Southern France
Southern France, also known as the south of France or colloquially in French as le Midi, is a geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Marais Poitevin, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea and Italy. It includes southern Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the west, Occitania in the centre, the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the northeast, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the southeast, as well as the island of Corsica in the southeast. Southern France is generally considered part of southern Europe because of its association with the Mediterranean Sea.

The colloquial French name for the region, le Midi, is derived from an Old French compound composed of mi ("middle")  and di ("day"), meaning literally "midday". Thus, the term is comparable in both origin and meaning to Mezzogiorno, which indicates southern Italy, and Romanian Miazăzi which is a synonym for south.
Boiko Zvetanov
Boyko Tzvetanov (Bulgarian: Бойко Цветанов, born 14 June 1955) is a Bulgarian operatic tenor. He was taken on as a soloist with the Sofia National Opera from 1982 to 1990. In 1991, he became a member of the ensemble of the Zurich Opera House until his retirement in 2016.

Attila (opera)
Attila is an opera in a prologue and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the 1809 play Attila, König der Hunnen (Attila, King of the Huns) by Zacharias Werner. The opera received its first performance at La Fenice in Venice on 17 March 1846.

Ezio's act 2 aria of heroic resolution "È gettata la mia sorte" (My lot is cast, I am prepared for any warfare) is a fine example of a characteristic Verdian genre, and it achieved fame in its own time with audiences in the context of the adoption of a liberal constitution by Ferdinand II. Other contemporary comment praised the work as suitable for the "political education of the people", while, in contrast, others criticised the opera as "Teutonic" in nature.
Tangiwai disaster
The Tangiwai disaster was a railway accident that occurred at 10:21 p.m. on 24 December 1953, when a railway bridge over the Whangaehu River collapsed beneath an express passenger train at Tangiwai, North Island, New Zealand. The locomotive and the first six carriages derailed into the river, killing 151 people. The subsequent board of inquiry found that the accident was caused by the failure of the tephra dam holding back nearby Mount Ruapehu's Crater Lake, creating a rapid mudflow (lahar) in the Whangaehu River which destroyed one of the bridge piers at Tangiwai only minutes before the train reached the bridge. The volcano at Mount Ruapehu was not erupting at the time. The disaster remains New Zealand's worst rail accident.

Mangamahu
Mangamahu is a hill-country farming and forestry community in the middle reaches of the Whangaehu River valley, in the Whanganui District and Rangitikei District of Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand. It is centred on the village of Mangamahu, which is situated on river flats where the Mangamahu stream flows into the Whangaehu river. Mangamahu has a primary school (5 - 10 children) which has been open since 1894 and a War Memorial Hall built in 1952.

The hotel and the general store at Mangamahu closed in the early 1970s due to improved roads, and a decline in wool and meat prices. Farmland on poorer hill soils at the lower end of the valley then began a conversion to pine plantations.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "gentle stream" for Mangamahu.
2006–07 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup
The 2006/07 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the twenty eight World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 9 December 2006 and ended on 3 March 2007. This season included five disciplines: aerials, moguls, dual moguls, ski cross and halfpipe.

Dual mogul events returned on world cup calendar as a separate title from moguls for last time.

Mogul skiing
Mogul skiing, commonly shortened to moguls, is a freestyle skiing competition consisting of one timed run of free skiing on a steep, bumpy course, stressing technical turns, aerial maneuvers and speed. Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, and at the Winter Olympic Games.

Moguls are a series of bumps on a piste formed when skiers push snow into mounds as they do sharp turns. This tends to happen naturally as skiers use the slope but they can also be constructed artificially. Once formed, a naturally occurring mogul tends to grow as skiers follow similar paths around it, further deepening the surrounding grooves known as troughs. Since skiing tends to be a series of linked turns, moguls form together to create a bump field.

The term mogul is from the Bavarian/Austrian German word Mugel, meaning 'mound, hillock'.
Machine learning in bioinformatics
Machine learning in bioinformatics is the application of machine learning algorithms to bioinformatics,including genomics, proteomics, microarrays, systems biology, evolution, and text mining.

Prior to the emergence of machine learning, bioinformatics algorithms had to be programmed by hand; for problems such as protein structure prediction, this proved difficult. Machine learning techniques such as deep learning can learn features of data sets rather than requiring the programmer to define them individually. The algorithm can further learn how to combine low-level features into more abstract features, and so on. This multi-layered approach allows such systems to make sophisticated predictions when appropriately trained. These methods contrast with other computational biology approaches which, while exploiting existing datasets, do not allow the data to be interpreted and analyzed in unanticipated ways.

Decision tree
A decision tree  is a decision support recursive partitioning structure that uses a tree-like model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility. It is one way to display an algorithm that only contains conditional control statements.

Decision trees are commonly used in operations research, specifically in decision analysis, to help identify a strategy most likely to reach a goal, but are also a popular tool in machine learning.
Alan Cope
Alan Charles Cope (born 17 July 1988) is an English cricketer. Cope is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace. He was born in Guildford, Surrey and was educated at Cranleigh School.

While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Cope made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against Warwickshire in 2008. Injuries hampered Cope, with him missing the entire 2009 season. Returning from injury for the 2010 season, he was named captain of Loughborough MCCU (as it was now called following a renaming). He made two further first-class appearances in 2010, against Kent and Yorkshire. In his three first-class matches, he scored 84 runs at an average of 16.80, with a high score of 51.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
Johnny Madden
John William Madden (11 June 1865 – 17 April 1948) was a Scottish footballer who played for Dumbarton, Gainsborough Trinity, Grimsby Town, Celtic, Dundee, Tottenham Hotspur and the Scotland national team.

Gainsborough Trinity F.C.
Gainsborough Trinity Football Club is a football club based in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England. Established in 1873, the club became members of the Football League in 1893 and remained members of the Second Division until 1912, making Gainsborough one of the smallest towns in England to have had a Football League team. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at the Northolme.
Saidu Kumo
Saidu Umar Kumo (5 November 1959 – 27 December 2020) was a Nigerian politician who was elected Senator of the Gombe Central Constituency, Gombe State, Nigeria at the start of the Nigerian Fourth Republic, contested under the platform of the All Peoples party (APP) which later became the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). 
He took office on 29 May 1999.

After taking his seat in the Senate in June 1999, Kumo was appointed to committees on Aviation, Communication, Power & Steel, Finance & Appropriation, Tourism & Culture and Social Development & Sports.
He became Deputy Chairman of the Senate Services Committee.
In April 2002, Kumo spoke out against Borno State Governor Mala Kachallah who had decamped to the People's Democratic Party (PDP), saying he is a politician whose political ship is sinking. He hold a traditional title (Garkuwan Gombe) before his death. He died after short illness from Covid-19 (Corona virus)

Fourth Nigerian Republic
The Fourth Republic is the current republican government of Nigeria. Since 1999, it has governed the country according to the fourth republican constitution. Nigeria adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 29 May 1999.
Bighorn Fire
The Bighorn Fire was a wildfire in the Santa Catalina Mountains north of Tucson, Arizona. It burned 119,987 acres (48,557 ha) until it was finally put out on July 23, 2020. A lightning strike from a storm at 9:46 PM on June 5, 2020 caused the fire. The fire was named after the bighorn sheep that inhabit the area.

The fire threatened hundreds of homes and multiple evacuations occurred. The first evacuations occurred in the Catalina Foothills neighborhood in Northern Tucson. The following day, residents in the Oro Valley section of the Catalina Foothills were ordered to evacuate. On June 16, Mount Lemmon and Summerhaven were evacuated. The length of the burn was attributed to rough mountainous terrain and inaccessibility. Additionally, the dry hot weather of the area made it even more difficult to fight the fire. The first storms of Tucson’s monsoon season are credited with helping emergency crews get the fire under control and to eventually put it out.

Lightning strike
A lightning strike or lightning bolt is a lightning event in which an electric discharge takes place between the atmosphere and the ground. Most originate in a cumulonimbus cloud and terminate on the ground, called cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning. A less common type of strike, ground-to-cloud (GC) lightning, is upward-propagating lightning initiated from a tall grounded object and reaching into the clouds. About 25% of all lightning events worldwide are strikes between the atmosphere and earth-bound objects. Most are intracloud (IC) lightning and cloud-to-cloud (CC), where discharges only occur high in the atmosphere. Lightning strikes the average commercial aircraft at least once a year, but modern engineering and design means this is rarely a problem. The movement of aircraft through clouds can even cause lightning strikes.
2017 Manitoba Liberal Party leadership election
The Liberal Party of Manitoba leadership election of 2017 was held on October 21, 2017, at the Victoria Inn Conference Centre in Winnipeg. The election was called as a result of the party leader Rana Bokhari's announcing her pending resignation on May 7, 2016 (she resigned on September 24, 2016), following the April 19, 2016, Manitoba general election.

Jon Gerrard
Jon Gerrard PC (born October 13, 1947) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1993 to 1997, and was a secretary of state in the government of Jean Chrétien. He was the leader of the Manitoba Liberal Party from 1998 until 2013, and the member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba for River Heights from 1999 until his defeat in 2023.
Epicure (album)
Epicure is the second studio album by the British alternative rock band Eat. After the release of their debut album Sell Me a God, Eat had all but split up. A year later they reformed without guitarist brothers Max Noble and Paul Noble and having recruited Jem Moorshead and Max Lavilla to replace them they toured with The Wonder Stuff and Kingmaker in December 1991 before going out on their own headline tour. The line up changes led to a change in sound with the bluesy style of Sell Me a God having been replaced by a more psychedelic pop rock sound.

Kingmaker (band)
Kingmaker were a British indie rock group, founded in Kingston upon Hull in 1990.

The group was formed during their gap year by school friends Loz Hardy and Myles Howell. They placed an advertisement for a drummer, and recruited John Andrew who was an ex-travelling puppeteer.