hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Applicative voice
The applicative voice (/əˈplɪkətɪv/; abbreviated APL or APPL) is a grammatical voice that promotes an oblique argument of a verb to the core object argument. It is generally considered a valency-increasing morpheme. The applicative is often found in agglutinative languages, such as the Bantu languages and Austronesian languages. Other examples include Nuxalk, Ubykh, and Ainu.

Nuxalk language
Nuxalk (/ˈnuːhɒlk/ NOO-halk), also known as Bella Coola (/ˌbɛlə ˈkuːlə/), is a Salishan language spoken by the Nuxalk people. Today, it is an endangered language in the vicinity of the Canadian town of Bella Coola, British Columbia. While the language is still sometimes called Bella Coola by linguists, the native name Nuxalk is preferred by some, notably by the Nuxalk Nation's government.

Though the number of truly fluent speakers has not increased, the language is now taught in both the provincial school system and the Nuxalk Nation's own school, Acwsalcta, which means 'a place of learning'. Nuxalk language classes, if taken to at least the Grade 11 level, are considered adequate second-language qualifications for entry to the major B.C. universities. CKNN-FM Nuxalk Radio is also working to promote the language.
In the Beginning There Was Light
In The Beginning There Was Light is a documentary film by Austrian director P. A. Straubinger on the subject of inedia. Straubinger visits several people who supposedly nourish themselves with "light" and tries to find possible explanations on how inedia might work. Straubinger researched inedia for ten years. This led to the film's production, which took five years. The film premiered on May 13, 2010 at the Marché du Film.

Marché du Film
The Marché du Film (transl. Film market), also called Cannes Film Market, is an annual marketplace for films and one of the world's largest film markets. Established in 1959, it is held annually in conjunction with the Cannes Film Festival.

In the 2020s, more than 12,500 film industry professionals annually present around 4,000 films and projects at Marché du Film, generating multi-million dollar deals and a total turnover of between $600,000 and $1 billion. Its main purpose is to bring together the different players from the audiovisual industry to make connections and discuss business opportunities such as collaborations and co-productions, financing, and distribution.
Estonia men's national volleyball team
The Estonia men's national volleyball team (Estonian: Eesti meeste võrkpallikoondis) is controlled by the Estonian Volleyball Federation (Eesti Võrkpalli Liit) and represents Estonia in international volleyball competitions. The team has reached the European Championships seven times (2009, 2011, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021, 2023).

2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship
The 2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the 32nd edition of the Men's European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, CEV. For the second time, the EuroVolley was held in four countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Estonia and Finland. The number of national teams that participated in the event remained to 24.

In Poland, matches were played in Gdańsk, Katowice and Kraków.
In Finland, matches were played in Tampere.
In Czech Republic, matches were played in Ostrava.
In Estonia, matches were played in Tallinn. The top two teams of the tournament qualified for the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship as the CEV representatives.

Italy won their 7th title of Men's European Volleyball Championship. Simone Giannelli was chosen as MVP of this tournament.
Jan Janssen (ice hockey)
Jan Petrus Leonardus Janssen (born October 17, 1952) is a former professional ice hockey player.  Of Dutch descent, he played several years for Dutch club Heerenveen Flyers as well as for the Netherlands national ice hockey team. He was born in Chicago Heights, Illinois.

A forward, Janssen played a total of 12 seasons with Heerenveen between 1975 and 1987.  His best points total for a season came in 1978-9 when he collected 75 points in 43 games.

Janssen played in the 1980 Winter Olympics and 1981 World Ice Hockey Championships for the Dutch, the only two times that the national team played in the top tier internationally. He had 3 assists in the 5 games the Netherlands played. At the 1981 World Championship, he had a goal and two assists in 8 games.

UNIS Flyers
The UNIS Flyers are a professional ice hockey club located in Heerenveen, Netherlands. The team competes in the BeNe League and also takes part in the Dutch Cup. Home games are played in the  ice hockey arena  which forms part of the Thialf complex.
Yoma Central
Yoma Central is a major mixed-use development project in Downtown Yangon, Myanmar, located at the intersection of Bogyoke Aung San Road and Sule Pagoda Road, beside Bogyoke Aung San Market. The development entails a number of buildings, including the historic Myanma Railway headquarters first built in 1877, two new office towers, luxury residencies, and a business hotel. The development will eventually encompass 2,440,000 square feet (227,000 m2). Groundbreaking was held on 16 January 2017. Following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, construction of the site, including a hotel, was paused in June 2021.

The build–operate–transfer project is being developed on land owned by Myanma Railways. The project is being developed by a joint venture comprising Yoma Strategic (48%), FMI (12%), Mitsubishi (30%), the Asian Development Bank (5%), and the International Finance Corporation (5%).

First Myanmar Investment
First Myanmar Investment (also abbreviated FMI) is a major Myanmar investment company founded in 1992 as one of Myanmar's first publicly traded companies. It is a subsidiary of Serge Pun & Associates. The company's headquarters are located in Pabedan Township, Yangon.

Real estate contributes to 87% of FMI's revenue. FMI owns 3 major properties in Yangon, namely FMI City, Star City, and FMI Center.
Kalamazoo and White Pigeon Railroad
The Kalamazoo and White Pigeon Railroad (K&WP) was a shortline railroad in the U.S. state of Michigan. It was incorporated in 1869 and consolidated with the New York Central Railroad in 1914. Its line ran from Kalamazoo, Michigan, to Constantine, Michigan.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Maria-Elisabeth Lott
Maria-Elisabeth Lott (born 2 June 1987) is a German violinist.

Lott was born in 1987 in Schramberg, Baden-Württemberg. At the age of three, she began playing the violin. In 1998, Lott was selected as the first musician to play the restored violin Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart played as a child. Lott has been awarded numerous music awards and is internationally recognized as one of the best young German violinists. She currently plays to audiences worldwide with renowned orchestras such as the Dallas Symphony Orchestra, the Residentie Orchestra, the Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra, the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra and the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra.

Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra
The Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra (Turkish: İstanbul Devlet Senfoni Orkestrası or İDSO) is a Turkish symphony orchestra based in Istanbul.

Founded in 1945 as the Istanbul Municipality City Orchestra, its first principal conductor was Cemal Reşit Rey and Dr.Mehmet Muvaffak Goren.  In 1972 it became the Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra. Its current principal conductor is Erol Erdinc.
New World Records
New World Records is a record label that was established in 1975 through a Rockefeller Foundation grant to celebrate America's bicentennial (1976) by producing a 100-LP anthology, with American music from many genres.

In addition to this project, after 1978 New World produced new jazz by Roy Eldridge, Ricky Ford, Earl Hines, Steve Kuhn, Jay McShann, Jimmy Rushing, Buddy Tate, and Cecil Taylor.

New World has released over 400 albums by a variety of artists with diverse musical backgrounds, including jazz, classical music, experimental, popular song, and traditional music. Notable releases in the label's catalogue include the Grammy Award-winning releases of Samuel Barber's opera Antony and Cleopatra in 1984; Leonard Bernstein's operetta Candide in 1986; and Ned Rorem's String Symphony/Sunday Morning/Eagles in 1989.

New World's CRI and CRL catalog was transferred to the digital domain by George Blood Audio and Video of Philadelphia from 2006 to 2010.

Candide (operetta)
Candide is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and lyrics primarily by the poet Richard Wilbur, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire. Other contributors to the text were John Latouche, Dorothy Parker, Lillian Hellman, Stephen Sondheim, John Mauceri, John Wells, and Bernstein himself. Maurice Peress and Hershy Kay contributed orchestrations.

The operetta was first performed in 1956 with a libretto by Lillian Hellman, but since 1974 it has been generally performed with a book by Hugh Wheeler, which is more faithful to Voltaire's novella. Although unsuccessful at its premiere, Candide has overcome the unenthusiastic reaction of early audiences and critics, and achieved more popularity.
Hunted (The Walking Dead)
"Hunted" is the third episode of the eleventh season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead. The 156th episode of the series overall, the episode was directed by Frederick E.O. Toye and written by Vivian Tse. "Hunted" was released on the streaming platform AMC+ on August 29, 2021, before airing on AMC on September 5, 2021.

The episode continues where the previous episode left off, the separated scavenging party struggles to link up after getting attacked by the Reapers. Together, Maggie (Lauren Cohan) and Negan (Jeffrey Dean Morgan) tend to a wounded Alden (Callan McAuliffe) while continuing on their way to Meridian. Meanwhile, at Alexandria, Carol (Melissa McBride) leads a group to find some of the community's horses that have escaped. The episode received mixed reviews from critics.

Melissa McBride
Melissa Suzanne McBride (born May 23, 1965) is an American actress. She made her acting debut in 1993, and went onto appear in Walker, Texas Ranger (1997) and Dawson's Creek (1998). In 2007, she also starred in the film The Mist (2007). Her breakout role was Carol Peletier on the AMC series The Walking Dead (2010–2022), and later the series' spinoff The Walking Dead: Daryl Dixon (2023–present). She has garnered critical acclaim and received multiple awards and nominations for her role on the show. Originally cast in a minor role, McBride's role expanded over time to a main cast member and, from 2020, she was the second billed cast member in the opening credits of the show, and one of only two cast members to appear in every season (the other being Norman Reedus).
Indonesia–Tunisia relations
Indonesia and Tunisia established diplomatic relations in 1960. In early 2010s, relations are particularly important following the Arab Spring, as Tunisia seeks Indonesia as an example of democracy in a Muslim-majority country, while Indonesia has expressed its willingness to support the democratic transition in Tunisia through a capacity for building and a partnership in democracy. Indonesia has described Tunisia as a shining example of a democratic transition in the Arab World. The diplomatic relations dated back to the 1950s when Indonesia supports Tunisian independence from France. Indonesia has an embassy in Tunis, while Tunisia has an embassy in Jakarta. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Non-Aligned Movement.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Symphony No. 35 (Mozart)
Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, also known as the Haffner Symphony, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of the ennoblement of Sigmund Haffner the Younger. The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.

Exposition (music)
In musical form and analysis, exposition is the initial presentation of the thematic material of a musical composition, movement, or section. The use of the term generally implies that the material will be developed or varied.

In sonata form, the exposition is "the first major section, incorporating at least one important modulation to the dominant or other secondary key and presenting the principal thematic material."

In a fugue, the exposition is "the statement of the subject in imitation by the several voices; especially the first such statement, with which the fugue begins."
I nat
"I nat" is a song by Danish electro, dance and house duo Svenstrup & Vendelboe, featuring vocals from Karen. It was released in Denmark as a digital download on 24 May 2010. The song peaked at number 12 on the Danish Singles Chart.

Svenstrup & Vendelboe
Svenstrup & Vendelboe is an electro / dance / house producer team from Denmark, consisting of Kasper Svenstrup and Thomas Vendelboe.

Svenstrup and Vendelboe, produced music together for several years under various names. But in 2007 they decided to focus entirely on the commercial house scene under the name Svenstrup & Vendelboe. They became famous for the single "I Nat" with singer Karen. But their big breakthrough came with their remix of Medina's single "Kun for mig" winning two Danish DeeJay Awards in 2010 for their mix of the song. In 2011, they also released "Dybt vand" featuring Danish singer Nadia Malm on vocals. They have remixed hits by Robyn, Basim, Burhan G, Brinck, Emma, Medina, Outlandish and many others.
Magomeni
Magomeni (Kata ya Magomeni, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Kinondoni District of the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. The ward is surrounded on its northern side by the wards of Makumbusho, Mwananyamala, and Hananasif. The ward is bordered to the east by the Ilala MC wards of Upanga West and Mchikichini. Wards Mzimuni and Ndugumbi form the southern and western borders. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a population of 24,400.

Ilala District, Dar es Salaam
Ilala District, officially the Ilala Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaaa ya Ilala, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. The district is bordered to the north and northeast by Kinondoni District and Ubungo District, to the east by the Zanzibar Channel, the west by Pwani Region, and to the south by the Temeke District. It covers an area of 364.9 km2 (140.9 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of U.S Virgin Islands.  The administrative seat is Mchafukoge. The 2022 National Tanzania Census states the population for Ilala as 1,649,912.
English Babu Desi Mem
English Babu Desi Mem (transl. English sir, Indian madam) is a 1996 Hindi-language romantic comedy film, starring Shah Rukh Khan in a triple role as father and twin sons, alongside Sonali Bendre. It is loosely based on the American romantic comedy It Started in Naples (1960). The rights to this film are now owned by Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment.

It Started in Naples
It Started in Naples is a 1960 American romantic comedy film directed by Melville Shavelson and produced by Jack Rose from a screenplay by Suso Cecchi d'Amico, based on the story by Michael Pertwee and Jack Davies. The Technicolor cinematography was directed by Robert Surtees. The film stars Clark Gable, Sophia Loren, Vittorio De Sica and an Italian cast. This was Gable's final film to be released within his lifetime and his last film in color.

Hal Pereira, Roland Anderson, Samuel M. Comer and Arrigo Breschi were nominated for an Oscar for its art direction

The film was released by Paramount Pictures on August 7, 1960.
The Birth of Greece
The Birth of Greece (UK title: Ancient Greece: Utopia and Reality; French: La Naissance de la Grèce : Des Rois aux Cités, lit. 'The Birth of Greece: From Kings to Cities [City-States]') is a 1990 illustrated monograph on the history of ancient Greece. Written by French historian Pierre Lévêque, and published by Éditions Gallimard as the 86th volume in the "Découvertes" collection.

Éditions Gallimard
Éditions Gallimard (French: [edisjɔ̃ ɡalimaːʁ]), formerly Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue Française (1911–1919) and Librairie Gallimard (1919–1961), is one of the leading French book publishers. In 2003, it and its subsidiaries published 1,418 titles.

Founded by Gaston Gallimard in 1911, the publisher is now majority-owned by his grandson Antoine Gallimard.

Éditions Gallimard is a subsidiary of Groupe Madrigall, the third largest French publishing group.
Shobhona Sharma
Shobhona Sharma (born 5 February 1953) is a professor specializing in immunology, molecular biology, and biochemistry at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai. She is also the chairperson of the Department of Biological Sciences. She is a Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy.

Indian National Science Academy
The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) is a national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology.

In 2015 INSA has constituted a junior wing for young scientists in the country named Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) in line with other national young academies. INYAS is the academy for young scientists in India as a national young academy and is affiliated with Global Young Academy. INYAS is also a signatory of the declaration on the Core Values of Young Academies, adopted at World Science Forum, Budapest on 20 November 2019. Prof.Shekhar C. Mande is the serving president (2026-present).
Rill
In hillslope geomorphology, a rill is a shallow channel (no more than a few inches/centimeters deep) cut into soil by the erosive action of flowing surface water. Similar but smaller incised channels are known as microrills; larger incised channels are known as gullies.

Artificial rills are  channels constructed to carry a water supply from a distant water source. In landscape or garden design, constructed rills are an aesthetic water feature.

Centimetre
A centimetre (International spelling) or centimeter (American English), with SI symbol cm, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one hundredth of a metre, centi- being the SI prefix for a factor of ⁠1/100⁠. Equivalently, there are 100 centimetres in 1 metre. The centimetre was the base unit of length in the now deprecated centimetre–gram–second (CGS) system of units.

Though for many physical quantities, SI prefixes for factors of 103—like milli- and kilo-—are often preferred by technicians, the centimetre remains a practical unit of length for many everyday measurements; for instance, human height is commonly measured in centimetres. A centimetre is approximately the width of the fingernail of an average adult person.
2024–25 FIS Snowboard World Cup
The 2024–25 FIS Snowboard World Cup, organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), was the 31st World Cup in snowboarding for men and women.

The season started on 2 September 2024 in Cardrona, New Zealand and concluded on 6 April 2025 in Mont-Sainte-Anne, Canada.

This season included six disciplines: parallel slalom, parallel giant slalom, snowboard cross, halfpipe, slopestyle and big air.

Snowboard cross
Snowboard cross, also known as boardercross, is  a snowboard competition in which four to six competitors race down a course. Snowboard cross courses are typically quite narrow and include cambered turns, various types of jumps, berms, rollers, drops, steep and flat sections designed to challenge the riders' ability to stay in control while maintaining maximum speed. Mid-race accidents are expected among racers.

Snowboard cross courses share common traits with motorcycle motocross courses, hence the similarity between the names of each sport. Competition format is typically a time trial followed by a knock-out tournament.
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Pinchas Menachem Alter (Hebrew: פינחס מנחם אלתר; July 3, 1926 – March 7, 1996), also known as the Pnei Menachem (פני מנחם), after the works he authored, was the seventh rebbe of the Hasidic dynasty of Ger, a position he held from 1992 until his death in 1996. From 1956 until he was appointed rebbe, he was a Rosh Yeshiva (dean of a yeshiva). He also served as a member and the president of the Torah Scholars Council and as the chairman of the Agudat Yisrael political party.

Rebbe
A rebbe (Yiddish: רבי, romanized: rebe) or admor (Hebrew: אדמו״ר) is the spiritual leader in the Hasidic movement, and the personalities  of its dynasties. The titles of rebbe and admor, which used to be a general honorific even before the beginning of the movement, became, over time, almost exclusively identified with its Tzadikim.
Watts family murders
In the early hours of August 13, 2018, in Frederick, Colorado, Christopher Lee Watts murdered his pregnant wife Shanann (34) by strangulation, and their two children Bella (4) and Celeste (3) by suffocation. He buried Shanann in a shallow grave near an oil-storage facility, and forced his children's bodies into crude oil tanks, with the opening of the tanks only 8 inches in diameter.

Watts initially maintained his innocence in his family's disappearance, but was arrested on August 15, after confessing in an interview with detectives to murdering Shanann. Months later, he also admitted to murdering his children. On November 6, 2018, Watts pleaded guilty to multiple counts of first-degree murder as part of a plea deal when the death penalty (which was later abolished in Colorado in 2020) was removed from sentencing. He was sentenced to five life sentences without the possibility of parole, three to be served consecutively.

Capital punishment in Colorado
Capital punishment in Colorado was abolished in 2020. It was legal from 1974 until 2020 prior to it being abolished in all future cases.

It was reinstated in 1974 by popular vote, with 61% in favor of the measure that was referred to the voters by the state legislature.

In March 2020, the Colorado Legislature passed a bill to repeal the death penalty for individuals for crimes committed after July 1, 2020. The bill was signed by the governor of Colorado on March 23, 2020. The law is not retroactive, including to the three inmates who were then housed on death row, but these sentences were commuted to life imprisonment by governor Jared Polis.

Only one inmate, Gary Lee Davis, has been executed in Colorado since the 1970s. Another man, Stephen Morin, received a death sentence in Colorado, but was executed in Texas for separate murders.