hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Faazin Gei
Faazin Gei (Chinese: 花箋記; pinyin: Huājiān Jì; Jyutping: Faa1zin1 Gei3), or The Flowery Paper is a Chinese mukjyusyu style ballad written in the late Ming era. It is the earliest known work containing elements of written Cantonese. This book was also of particular interest to early European Sinology. Along with Iu-Kiao-Li, it is regarded as one of the most influential Chinese books for 19th century European writers.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Kompaneyets equation
Kompaneyets equation refers to a non-relativistic, Fokker–Planck type, kinetic equation for photon number density with which photons interact with an electron gas via Compton scattering, first derived by Alexander Kompaneyets in 1949 and published in 1957 after declassification.  The Kompaneyets equation describes how an initial photon distribution relaxes to the equilibrium Bose–Einstein distribution. Kompaneyets pointed out the radiation field on its own cannot reach the equilibrium distribution since the Maxwells equation are linear but it needs to exchange energy with the electron gas. The Kompaneyets equation has been used as a basis for analysis of the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect.

Number density
The number density (symbol: n or ρN) is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects (particles, molecules, phonons, cells, galaxies, etc.) in physical space: three-dimensional volumetric number density, two-dimensional areal number density, or one-dimensional linear number density. Population density is an example of areal number density. The term number concentration (symbol: lowercase n, or C, to avoid confusion with amount of substance indicated by uppercase N) is sometimes used in chemistry for the same quantity, particularly when comparing with other concentrations.
Arthur Luckman
Christianity portal

William Arthur Grant Luckman  (25 June 1857 – 8 January 1921) was Archdeacon of Calcutta from 1907 to 1911.

Luckman was educated at Keble College, Oxford and         ordained in 1881. He was a Master at the   Boys’ High School, Allahabad from 1882 to 1886; Chaplain of St Paul's Cathedral, Calcutta from 1896 to 1893; the Incumbent at St John, Calcutta from 1893 to 1895; and a Canon at St Paul's from 1895 to 1907. After his time as Archdeacon he was the Minister of St Cuthbert, Edinburgh until his death.

Boys' High School & College (Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh)
Boys' High School & College (BHS) is an independent school in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. Being founded in 1861, the school is one of the oldest in the city. It provided a Christian education to the children of Europeans and Anglo-Indians, but has always accepted children from all backgrounds. It remained a boys-only school for a long span of time but now accepts admission of girls in senior and college sections (from 2025).

It has existed on its present site in central Prayagraj since 1861. Since 2006 it has been managed by the Allahabad High School Society. It is currently affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.

On 5 November 2013. The governor of Uttar Pradesh B.L. Joshi released a commemorative postage stamp to mark 150th anniversary of Boys' High School.
Alfresco
Back to Saturn
Back to Saturn (Dedicated to the Memory of Sun Ra) is an album by trumpeter Hugh Ragin and his Collective, featuring vibraphonist Greg Carroll, pianist Marc Sabatella, bassist Erik Turkman, and drummer Scott Gordan. It was recorded on August 10 and 11, 1993, at Eye in the Sky Sound in LaPorte, Colorado, and was released in 2000 by the Black Saint label.

Black Saint/Soul Note
Black Saint and Soul Note are two affiliated Italian independent record labels. Since their conception in the 1970s, they have released albums from a variety of influential jazz musicians, particularly in the genre of free jazz.
15 let Kasakhstan
15 let Kasakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстанға 15 жыл Russian: 15 лет Казахстана) is a village located in the Gabit Musirepov District of North Kazakhstan Region in northern Kazakhstan. Population: 243 (2009 census results).

Gabit Musirepov District
Gabit Musirepov (Kazakh: Ғабит Мүсірепов ауданы, Ğabit Müsırepov audany) is a district of North Kazakhstan Region in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Novoishim. Population: 44,144 (2013 estimate); 45,538 (2009 census results); 54,629 (1999 census results).
Louise Bridge
The Louise Bridge crosses the Bow River in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

The bridge connects Downtown West End with Memorial Drive and Kensington. It is configured with reversible lanes to accommodate higher traffic into Downtown during the early morning hours, and higher outbound traffic during the afternoon commute.

Downtown West End, Calgary
The Downtown West End is a neighbourhood within the western portions of downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded to the north by the Bow River, to the east by 9th Street W, to the south by the CPR Tracks and to the west by 14th Street W.

West End is a high density residential community, largely made up of condominiums and apartment buildings, with only 25 single-family detached homes remaining in the neighbourhood.

Downtown Calgary was established as a neighbourhood in 1884, after the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1883. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 7 councillor and represented at the provincial and federal levels by the MLA for Calgary-Buffalo and the MP for Calgary Centre respectively.
Jacksonia arenicola
Jacksonia arenicola is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, broom-like shrub with densely hairy, sharply-pointed  phylloclades, yellow-orange flowers with red markings, and woody pods that are hairy at first, later glabrous.

Phylloclade
Phylloclades and cladodes are flattened, photosynthetic shoots, which are usually considered to be modified branches. The two terms are used either differently or interchangeably by different authors. Phyllocladus, a genus of conifer, is named after these structures.  Phylloclades/cladodes have been identified in fossils dating from as early as the Permian.
David Caron
David D. Caron (28 June 1952 – 20 February 2018) was an American attorney who was the dean of the King's College London School of Law, and an emeritus professor of UC Berkeley School of Law. Caron was a Member of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal and a Judge ad hoc of the International Court of Justice. After his death it was said that "at (his) prime, (he) was arguably one of the top two or three arbitrators in the United States and in the world."

Berkeley Law Dean Erwin Chemerinsky said that Caron "wrote on virtually every aspect of international law, looking especially at public and private international dispute resolution and international courts and tribunals" He also credited Caron with being a "pioneer in the field of international environmental law, looking at issues such as the law of the sea and climate change."

Erwin Chemerinsky
Erwin Chemerinsky (born May 14, 1953) is an American legal scholar known for his studies of U.S. constitutional law and federal civil procedure. Since 2017, Chemerinsky has been the dean of the UC Berkeley School of Law. Previously, he was the inaugural dean of the University of California, Irvine School of Law from 2008 to 2017.

Chemerinsky was named a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2016.  The National Jurist magazine named him the most influential person in legal education in the United States in 2017.  In 2021 Chemerinsky was named President-elect of the Association of American Law Schools.
1971 Mongolian National Championship
The 1971 Mongolian National Championship was the eighth recorded edition of the Mongolian National Championship for football, with the first tournament taking place in 1955 and no tournament held in 1965. It would appear however that championships were contested between 1956 and 1963, as sources note that a team called Aldar, the Mongolian Army Sports Club, won the title on numerous occasions during that time. Nonetheless, the 1971 national championship was won by Tengeriin Bugnuud, a team from Bat-Ölzii, a sum (district) of Övörkhangai Province in southern Mongolia, their third title following their first victory in 1967 championship.

Districts of Mongolia
A district or sum (/sʊm/; Mongolian: сум ᠰᠤᠮᠤ) is a second-level administrative subdivision of Mongolia. The 21 provinces of Mongolia are divided into 330 sums.

On average, each district administers a territory of 4,200 km2 (1,600 sq mi) with about 5,000 inhabitants, primarily nomadic herders. Its total revenue is 120 million Tögrög, 90% of which comes from national subsidies.

Each district is again subdivided into bags (brigades; sometimes spelled baghs). Most bags are of an entirely virtual nature. Their purpose is to sort the families of nomads in the district into groups, without a permanent human settlement.

Officially, and occasionally on maps, many district seats (sum centers) bear a name different from that of the district. However, in practice the district seat (sum center) is most often referred to under the name of the district, to the point of the official name of the district seat (sum center) being unknown even to the locals.
Body and Soul (1981 film)
Body and Soul is a 1981 American sports drama film written by and starring Leon Isaac Kennedy and co-starring Jayne Kennedy. Directed by George Bowers, it is a remake of the 1947 film of the same name.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Great Oolite Group
The Great Oolite Group is a Middle Jurassic stratigraphic unit that outcrops in southern England. It consists of a complex set of marine deposits primarily mudstone and bioclastic ooidal and fine grained limestone, deposited in nearshore to shelf settings.  It is exposed at the surface as a variably thick belt extending roughly NE-SW from the coast of Dorset up to the Humber. It is also present at depth in the Weald and Wessex Basins, as well as offshore. Several of the constituent formations, notably the Taynton Limestone Formation and the Forest Marble Formation are notable for their fossil content, including those of dinosaurs and pterosaurs and some of the earliest mammals.

Ooid
Ooids (/ˈoʊˌɔɪd/, from Ancient Greek  ᾠόν (ōión) 'egg stone') are small (commonly ≤2 mm in diameter), spheroidal, "coated" (layered) sedimentary grains, usually composed of calcium carbonate, but sometimes made up of iron- or phosphate-based minerals. Ooids usually form on the sea floor, most commonly in shallow tropical seas (around the Bahamas, for example, or in the Persian Gulf). After being buried under additional sediment, these ooid grains can be cemented together to form a sedimentary rock called an oolite. Oolites usually consist of calcium carbonate; these belong to the limestone rock family. Pisoids are similar to ooids, but are larger than 2 mm in diameter, often considerably larger, as with the pisoids in the hot springs at Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary) in the Czech Republic. Ooids have been the subject of scientific research for centuries.
Northampton County, North Carolina
Northampton County (/nɔːrˈθæmptən/ ⓘ nor-THAMP-tən) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,471. Its county seat is Jackson. Northampton County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.

Rocky Mount metropolitan area
The Rocky Mount, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – Edgecombe and Nash – in eastern North Carolina, anchored by the city of Rocky Mount. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 152,392. It is commonly referred to as the Twin Counties.
Stadion Františka Kloze
Stadion Františka Kloze is a multi-use stadium in Kladno, Czech Republic.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of SK Kladno.  The stadium holds 4,000 people and was opened in 1914. It is named after former player František Kloz, situated by the street also named after him.

The pitch was relaid in July 2007 ahead of the 2007–08 Czech First League. The city of Kladno mooted plans to purchase the stadium for 45 million Czech koruna from the club in December 2008, owing to SK Kladno's financial difficulties. The Ministry of Finance subsequently blocked the sale in early 2009. In the 2009–10 season, Stadion Františka Kloze was one of five stadiums not compliant with the Stadiony 2012 project. Due to the lack of under-soil heating, SK Kladno were unable to use their stadium for the last two autumn matches and first four spring matches, which were moved to Prague's Stadion Evžena Rošického.

2007–08 Czech First League
The 2007–08 Czech First League, known as the Gambrinus liga for sponsorship reasons, was the fifteenth season of Czech Republic's top-tier of football. The season started on 4 August 2007 and concluded on 17 May 2008.
2021 Allen Crowe 100
The 2021 Allen Crowe 100 was the 15th stock car race of the 2021 ARCA Menards Series season, and the 39th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, August 22, in Springfield, Illinois at the Illinois State Fairgrounds Racetrack, a 1 mile (1.6 km) permanent clay oval-shaped track at the Illinois State Fair. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. At race's end, Corey Heim of Venturini Motorsports would dominate the race to win his seventh career ARCA Menards Series win and the sixth of the season. To fill out the podium, Ty Gibbs of Joe Gibbs Racing and Taylor Gray of David Gilliland Racing would finish second and third respectively.

Illinois State Fair
39°50′10″N 89°38′31″W﻿ / ﻿39.836°N 89.642°W﻿ / 39.836; -89.642

The Illinois State Fair is an annual festival, centering on the theme of agriculture, hosted by the U.S. state of Illinois in the state capital, Springfield. The state fair has been celebrated almost every year since 1853. Currently, the fair is held annually at the Illinois State Fairgrounds over an 11-day period in mid-August of each year.

In 2025, the Illinois State Fair was held from August 7-17 and had 723,079 fairgoers in attendance, described as the second-best attendance in all-time Fair history.
Pornuse
Pornuse is a village in Mulgi Parish, Viljandi County in southern Estonia. It is located just south of Halliste, the former centre of the abolished Halliste Parish, and about 5 km northeast of Abja-Paluoja town. As of the 2011 census, the village's population was 22.

Halliste Holy Anna Church and Halliste Primary School are located in the territory of Pornuse, on the northern side where neighbouring Halliste. The Halliste cemetery is near the church and the school (administratively in Kulla). The Halliste River passes Pornuse on its southern side.

Pornuse is the location of Pornuse (Alt-Bornhusen) and Kaubi (Uue-Pornuse, Neu-Bornhusen) manors. The first manor was established in 1542 and in 1678 it was divided. Politician and diplomat Friedrich Akel (1871–1941) was born in Kaubi Manor, which belonged to his parents.

Halliste (river)
The Halliste is an 86 km (53 mi)-long river in Viljandi County, Estonia, and it is a left tributary of the Navesti River. Its source is on the Sakala Uplands. The basin area of Halliste is 1,900 km2, and it has an average discharge of 17.3 m³/s.
Kouign-amann
Kouign-amann (/ˌkwiːn æˈmɑːn/; Breton: [ˌkwiɲ aˈmãn]; pl. kouignoù-amann) is a sweet, round Breton laminated dough pastry, originally made with bread dough, but is also made with laminated viennoiserie dough, containing layers of butter and incorporated sugar, similar in fashion to puff pastry albeit with fewer layers. It is slowly baked until the sugar caramelizes and steam from the water in the butter expands the dough, resulting in its layered structure. A smaller version, kouignette, is similar to a muffin-shaped, caramelized croissant.

A specialty of the town of Douarnenez in Finistère, Brittany where it originated around 1860, the pastry is attributed to Yves-René Scordia (1828–1878). The name comes from the Breton language words for 'cake' (kouign) and 'butter' (amann), and in 2011 the New York Times described it as "the fattiest pastry in all of Europe."

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
DC Universe (streaming service)
DC Universe was an American subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) and digital comics service operated by DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Digital Networks, both divisions of WarnerMedia. Launched on September 15, 2018, the service featured a streaming library of animated series and films based on DC Comics properties, new original television series adapted from DC properties, as well as a rotating back catalogue of DC Comics publications, and online community features. In 2020, the service won the Webby People's Voice Award for Media Streaming.

In June 2020, WarnerMedia began to phase out DC Universe in favor of its new flagship streaming service HBO Max, initially by offering a promotional offer via DC Universe for new subscribers. DC Universe was relaunched as DC Universe Infinite—which is solely a digital comics subscription service—on January 21, 2021. DC Universe's original series and future streaming productions were moved to HBO Max and became Max Originals.

Digital comic
Digital comics (also known as electronic comics, eComics, e-comics, or ecomics /ˈiːˌkɒmɪks/) are comics released digitally, as opposed to in print. Digital comics commonly take the form of mobile comics. Webcomics may also fall under the "digital comics" umbrella.
1958 6 Hour Production Car Race (Caversham)
The 1958 6 Hour Production Car Race was an endurance motor race staged on 2 June 1958 at the Caversham Circuit, in Western Australia. It was open to production cars competing in "Sports Car" and "Sedan Car" classes. The race, which was the fourth in a sequence of annual "Six Hour Le Mans" races to be held in Western Australia between 1955 and 1972 was won by Jim Harwood and Bill Downey driving a Triumph TR2.

Caversham Airfield
Caversham Airfield, also known as Middle Swan Airfield was an airfield constructed at Caversham, Western Australia during World War II as a parent aerodrome for use by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm and the United States Navy.

The airfield had a triangle of three landing strips.

Middle Swan was the parent airfield with the following satellite airfields:

Beverley

Bindoon

Gingin North

Mooliabeenee

The United States Army Air Corps also utilised the airfield during World War II.

It was also a gliding club location after the war.
Brevet
In military terminology, a brevet (/brəˈvɛt/ or /ˈbrɛvɪt/ ⓘ) is a warrant which gives commissioned officers a higher military rank as a reward without necessarily conferring the authority and privileges granted by that rank.  The promotion would be noted in the officer's title (for example, "Bvt. Maj. Gen. Joshua L. Chamberlain" or "Bvt. Col. Arthur MacArthur"). It is not to be confused with a Brevet d'état-major in Francophone European military circles, where it is an award, nor should it be confused with temporary commissions.

United States Volunteers
United States Volunteers (also called U.S. Volunteers, U.S. Volunteer Army, among other variations) were military volunteers called upon during wartime to help the United States Army. They were separate from the Regular Army and the militia.

Until the Militia Act of 1903, the land forces of the United States were divided into three organizations:

The Regular Army, which was the permanent military establishment of the United States in peace and war.

The militia of states and territories, when called into the service of the United States.

Volunteer forces that the Congress of the United States authorized to be organized for a limited time period as an adjunct to the Regular Army in time of emergencies.
Jackie Young (politician)
Jacqueline Eurn Hai Young (May 20, 1934 – February 10, 2019) was an American politician and activist.

Young was born in Honolulu, Hawaii Territory and graduated from Punahou School in 1952. She was of Korean descent.

Young received her bachelor's degree from University of Hawaiʻi in 1969; her master's degree from Old Dominion University, in 1982, and her doctorate degree from Union Institute & University, in 1989.

Punahou School
Punahou School (known as Oahu College until 1934) is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school in Honolulu, Hawaii. More than 3,700 students attend the school from kindergarten through 12th grade. The school was established by Protestant missionaries in 1841.
Linus Rönnqvist
Linus Rönnqvist (born October 6, 1988) is a Swedish bandy player who currently plays for Villa Lidköping BK. Linus signed for Hammarby from Sandvikens AIK, where he played for the under 19 side in the 2005/06 season, and then for Villa Lidköping BK in December 2008.

The professional clubs that he has played for so far are Hammarby IF Bandy (2006-2008), Villa Lidköping (2008-2015), and Gripen Trollhättan BK (2015-).

Hammarby IF Bandy
Hammarby IF Bandyförening is a Swedish bandy club from Södermalm, Stockholm, a section of the sports club Hammarby IF.

Hammarby IF was founded under its present name in 1897 and has been playing bandy since 1905. The club currently play in Elitserien, which is the highest division in Sweden, and has won it twice.