hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ashtabula lift bridge
The Ashtabula lift bridge (also known as the West Fifth Street bridge) is a Strauss bascule bridge that carries Ohio State Route 531 over the Ashtabula River in the harbor of Ashtabula, Ohio.

Besides its importance as a major transportation route in Ashtabula, the bridge occupies a crucial location in the city's built environment; the Ashtabula Harbour Commercial District terminates at the bridge's western end.

Bascule bridge
A bascule bridge (also referred to as a drawbridge or a lifting bridge) is a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or leaf, throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat traffic. It may be single- or double-leafed.

The name comes from the French term for balance scale, which employs the same principle. Bascule bridges are the most common type of movable span because they open quickly and require relatively little energy to operate, while providing the possibility for unlimited vertical clearance for marine traffic.
Grégoire Lascubé
Grégoire Lascubé (born Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, 3 April 1962) is a former French rugby union player. He played as a prop.

Lascubé played for Biarritz Olympique and SU Agen, where he won the French Championship, in 1987/88, being runners-up in 1989/90, and the Cup of France in 1991/92.

He had 12 caps for France, from 1991 to 1992, never scoring. His first game was at the 15-9 win over Scotland, at 19 January 1991, aged 28 years old, for the Five Nations Championship. He played all the four games at the 1991 Five Nations Championship, being selected for the 1991 Rugby World Cup, where he played four games. He played twice at the 1992 Five Nations Championship, being expelled at the 13-31 loss to England, at 15 February 1992, in what would be his last appearance for the National Team.

SU Agen Lot-et-Garonne
Sporting Union Agen Lot-et-Garonne (French pronunciation: [spɔʁtɪŋ ynjɔ̃ aʒɛ̃ lɔt e ɡaʁɔn]), commonly referred to as SU Agen, Agen (French pronunciation: [aʒɛ̃]) or SUALG, is a French professional rugby union club based in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne that competes in the Pro D2, France's second division of rugby.

Founded in 1908, Agen is one of the historic clubs in French rugby, having won the French Championship eight times. Its home ground is the Stade Armandie and traditional club colours are navy blue and white.

The club is renowned for its youth system and its academy structure.
Taytu Betul
Taytu Betul (Amharic: ጣይቱ ብጡል Ṭaytu Bəṭul ; baptised as Wälättä Mikael; 1851 – 11 February 1918) was Empress of Ethiopia from 1889 to 1913 and the third wife of Emperor Menelik II. An influential figure in the anti-colonial resistance during the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa, she, along with her husband, founded the modern Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa in 1886.

Ras (title)
Ras (Amharic: ራስ, romanized: ras, lit. 'head' compare with Arabic Rais or Hebrew Rosh), is a noble title in the Ethiopian Semitic languages.  It is one of the powerful non-imperial titles.

Historian Harold G. Marcus equates the Ras title to a duke; others have compared it to "prince".

The combined title of Leul Ras (Amharic: ልዑል ራስ) was given to the heads of the cadet branches of the Imperial dynasty, such as the Princes of Gojjam, Tigray, Ras Tafari Makonnen and the Selalle sub-branch of the last reigning Shewan Branch, and meaning "Lord of Lords", the highest title of lord.
Dargomyzhsky Glacier
Dargomyzhsky Glacier (71°50′S 70°50′W﻿ / ﻿71.833°S 70.833°W﻿ / -71.833; -70.833) is an outlet glacier flowing west from Duffy Peak, in the central portion of the Staccato Peaks, central Alexander Island, Antarctica. The glacier extends across the central portion of Alexander Island and flows into the Bach Ice Shelf. The glacier was probably first photographed by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935, and mapped from these photographs by W.L.G. Jeorg. This feature was named by the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1987 after Alexander Dargomyzhsky (1813–1869), Russian composer.

Alexander Dargomyzhsky
Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomyzhsky (14 February [O.S. 2 February] 1813 – 17 January [O.S. 5 January] 1869) was a 19th-century Russian composer. He bridged the gap in Russian opera composition between Mikhail Glinka and the later generation of The Five and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.
HOT-7
HOT-7, also known as 4-propylthio-2,5-dimethoxy-N-hydroxyphenethylamine or as N-hydroxy-2C-T-7, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, 2C, and HOT-x families. It is the N-hydroxy derivative of 2C-T-7. The drug is taken orally.

2C (psychedelics)
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of a benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.

Most of the early 2C drugs were developed by Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and were reviewed in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved). 2C-B is the most popular of the 2C drugs.
Gérard Lecomte
Gérard Lecomte (1926 – 17 April 1997) was a French Arabist. He was professor of Arabic at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, and editor of the journal Arabica and the second edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam. He was honoured with the rank of knight of the Légion d'honneur. He is the father of the French journalist and writer Bernard Lecomte.

Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (also French: Encyclopédie de l'Islam and German: Enzyklopädie des Islām; EI is a common abbreviation in all three languages) is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam. It is published by Brill and provides information on various aspects of Islam and the Islamic world. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies. The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007.
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group A
The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group A was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group consisted of six teams: Netherlands, France, Sweden, Bulgaria, Belarus, and Luxembourg.

The draw for the first round (group stage) was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (UTC+3), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

The group winners, France, qualified directly for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The group runners-up, Sweden, advanced to the play-offs as one of the best eight runners-up.

Bulgaria national football team
The Bulgaria national football team (Bulgarian: Български национален отбор по футбол, romanized: Bǎlgarski natsionalen otbor po futbol) represents Bulgaria in men's international football, and is administered by the Bulgarian Football Union, a member association of UEFA.

Bulgaria's best achievements are reaching the final at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the fourth-place finish at the FIFA World Cup in 1994. Bulgaria have competed at a total of seven World Cups, debuting in 1962 and last appearing in 1998. In addition, they have participated in two European Championships, in 1996 and 2004, the latter marking their most recent major tournament appearance. The team has also competed at and won three titles in the Balkan Cup.
Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín
Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín (born 14 August 1961) is a Mexican politician who was elected as a Senator for the state of Yucatán to the 64th Congress in the July 2018 general election as a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was re-elected to the Senate for Yucatán in the June 2024 general election for the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM).

Ramírez Marín has also served as the federal Secretary of Agrarian, Land, and Urban Development from 2012 to 2015 and as a federal deputy in the 63rd and 64th Congresses, representing his home state of Yucatán and the third electoral region.

LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXIV Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 64th session of the Congress of Mexico, convened on 1 September 2018 and ended on 31 August 2021. It was composed of the 500 federal deputies and 128 senators elected in the 2018 Mexican general election. While the deputies served only in the 64th Congress, the senators, elected to six-year terms, also formed the Senate in the 65th Congress, which convened in 2021.
Bad Boy (1935 film)
Bad Boy is a 1935 American comedy film directed by John G. Blystone and written by Allen Rivkin. The film stars James Dunn, Dorothy Wilson, Louise Fazenda, Victor Kilian, John Wray and Luis Alberni. The film was released on October 25, 1935, by 20th Century Fox.

John G. Blystone
John G. Blystone (December 2, 1892 – August 6, 1938) was an American film director. He directed 100 films between 1915 and 1938, his last films being two Laurel  and Hardy feature length comedies,  the second of which (Block-Heads) was released 13 days after his death from a heart attack, aged 45. His grave is located at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery.
(143651) 2003 QO104
(143651) 2003 QO104, provisional designation 2003 QO104, is a stony asteroid, slow rotator and suspected tumbler on a highly eccentric orbit, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Amor and Apollo group, respectively. It was discovered on 31 August 2003, by astronomers of the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking program at the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii, United States. The Q-type asteroid has a rotation period of 114.4 hours and possibly an elongated shape. It measures approximately 2.3 kilometers (1.4 miles) in diameter and is among the largest potentially hazardous asteroids known to exist.

Haleakalā Observatory
The Haleakalā Observatory, also known as the Haleakalā High Altitude Observatory Site, is Hawaii's first astronomical research observatory. It is located on the island of Maui and is owned by the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Hawaiʻi, which operates some of the facilities on the site and leases portions to other organizations. Tenants include the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (LCOGTN). At over 3,050 meters (10,010 ft) in elevation, the summit of Haleakalā is above one third of the Earth's troposphere and has excellent astronomical seeing conditions.
Llongo
Llongo (Albanian definite form: Llongoja; Greek: Λόγγος, romanized: Lóggos) is a village in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality of Dropull.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Odometer Rock
Odometer Rock (Bulgarian: скала Одометър, romanized: skala Odometer, IPA: [skɐˈla odoˈmɛtər]) is the rock off the NW coast of northwest coast of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica extending 40 m in west–east direction and 30 m in south–north direction. Its surface area is 0.07 ha. The vicinity was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The feature is named after the surveying instrument odometer used for measuring the distance traveled by a vehicle; in association with other names in the area deriving from the early development or use of geodetic instruments and methods.

Odometer
An odometer or odograph is an instrument used for measuring the distance traveled by a vehicle, such as a bicycle or car. The device may be electronic, mechanical, or a combination of the two (electromechanical). The noun derives from ancient Greek ὁδόμετρον, hodómetron, from ὁδός, hodós ('path' or 'gateway') and μέτρον, métron ('measure'). Early forms of the odometer existed in the ancient Greco-Roman world as well as in ancient China. In countries using Imperial units or US customary units it is sometimes called a mileometer or milometer, the former name especially being prevalent in the United Kingdom and among members of the Commonwealth.
Tracer (DC Comics)
Tracer is the name of two supervillains published by DC Comics. He first appeared in Justice League Europe #16 (July 1990), and was created by Keith Giffen, Gerard Jones, and Bart Sears. Like the rest of the Extremists, he is based on a Marvel Comics villain, in his case Sabretooth, the archenemy of Wolverine.

Bart Sears
Bart Whitman Sears (born 1963) is an American comics artist, toy and packaging designer and author, known for his work on such books as Justice League Europe, Legends of the Dark Knight, X-O Manowar, Turok, Violator, The Helm, and The Masters.
Zamira Mutalova
Zamira Mutalova (Uzbek: Zamira Mutalova; born May 11, 1930) was a Soviet agricultural leader, a brigade farm named after Ilyich, O'rta Chirchik district, Tashkent Region, Hero of Socialist Labor (1947).

Oʻrtachirchiq District
Oʻrtachirchiq is a district of Tashkent Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Nurafshon, itself not part of the district. It has an area of 460 km2 (180 sq mi) and it had 142,500 inhabitants in 2021. The district consists of 4 urban-type settlements (Tuyaboʻgʻiz, Kuchluk, Qorasuv, Sholikor) and 13 rural communities (Angor, Qumovul, Qorasuv, Oq ota, Haqiqat, Navoiy nomli, Yoʻngʻichqala, Paxtaobod, Paxtakor, Oʻrtasaroy, Istiqbol, Yangi turmush, Uyshun).
Rivière aux Saumons (Anticosti Island)
The rivière aux Saumons (English: Salmon River) is a stream flowing into Gulf of St. Lawrence, flowing in the municipality of L'Île-d'Anticosti, in the Minganie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

A forest road serves the intermediate and lower part of its course. An airport is set up in the chasms sector to accommodate tourist activities. Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism activities, secondly, in particular salmon fishing and excursions in the sinkhole sector.

Côte-Nord
Côte-Nord (Region 09) (French: [kot nɔʁ], Quebec French: [kou̯t nɑɔ̯ʁ]; lit. 'North Coast') is an administrative region of Quebec, on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula, Canada.

The region runs along the St. Lawrence River and then the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Tadoussac to the limits of Labrador, leaning against the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean to the west, the Côte-Nord penetrates deep into Northern Quebec.

With the motto: Between nature and grandeur, the Côte-Nord is made up of 99% public land, it is the second largest region after Nord-du-Québec, which occupies 51% of Quebec's territory.
Goralenvolk
Goralenvolk was a geopolitical term invented by the German Nazis in World War II in reference to the Goral highlander population of Podhale region in the south of Poland near the Slovak border. The Germans postulated a separate nationality for people of that region in an effort to extract them from the Polish citizenry during their occupation of Poland's highlands.  The term  Goralenvolk was a neologism derived from the Polish word Górale (the Highlanders) commonly referring to the ethnic group living in the Beskid and Tatra mountains. In an attempt to make the Gorals collaborate with the SS, the Nazis proclaimed that they were of Germanic descent, and were thus worthy of Germanisation and separate treatment from other Poles.

Beskids
The Beskids or Beskid Mountains (Polish: Beskidy; Czech: Beskydy; Slovak: Beskydy; Rusyn: Бескиды, Beskydŷ; Ukrainian: Бескиди, Beskydy) are a series of mountain ranges in the Carpathians, stretching from the Czech Republic in the west along the border of Poland with Slovakia up to Ukraine in the east.

The highest mountain in the Beskids is Hoverla, at 2,061 m (6,762 ft).
Hooded yellowthroat
The hooded yellowthroat (Geothlypis nelsoni) is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is endemic to the highlands of Mexico north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. It is resident in dense semiarid to humid montane shrubland or chaparral.

Chaparral
Chaparral (/ˌʃæpəˈræl, ˌtʃæp-/ SHAP-ə-RAL, CHAP-) is a shrubland plant community found primarily in California, southern Oregon, and northern Baja California, part of the California floristic province. It is shaped by a Mediterranean climate (mild wet winters and hot dry summers) and infrequent, high-intensity crown fires. Many chaparral shrubs have hard sclerophyllous evergreen leaves, as contrasted with the associated soft-leaved, drought-deciduous, scrub community of coastal sage scrub, found often on drier, southern-facing slopes.

Three other closely related chaparral shrubland systems occur in southern Arizona, western Texas, and along the eastern side of central Mexico's mountain chains, all having summer rains in contrast to the Mediterranean climate of other chaparral formations.
Carteremys
Carteremys is an extinct genus of pelomedusid pleurodiran turtle from the Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous)-Eocene, of India based on the type species C. leithi, which was named in 1953 by E. Williams and was originally placed in the genera Hydraspis by H. J. Carter in 1852 and Testudo, also by H. J. Carter, in 1871. A second species, C. pisdurensis, was named in 1977 by Sohan Lal Jain, but it was transferred to the separate genus Jainemys in 2020 by Joyce and Bandyopadhyay.

Sohan Lal Jain
Sohan Lal Jain (born 15 December 1929 in Dehradun) is an Indian paleontologist who worked for 33 years at the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata. The large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur genus Jainosaurus was named in his honour after it was identified as a distinct genus, although initially thought to be a species of Antarctosaurus. His other major contributions to paleontology were in the study of sauropod braincases and some fossil turtles.
Ashestan
Ashestan (Persian: اشستان, also Romanized as Āshestān; also known as Āshīstān) is a village in Gonbar Rural District, in the Central District of Osku County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 146, in 33 families.

Osku County
Osku County (Persian: شهرستان اسکو) is in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Osku.

Osku is one of the oldest cities in East Azerbaijan, according to old books, and is like stepping into a time machine. The city is located on a volcano hillside and has many caves in the city.  Attractions such as Kandovan and natural landscapes make Osku one of the touristic cities in Iran. It is one of the few cities in Iran where batik printing centers still remain in operation. Osku is presently known as the capital of batik in Iran. Hilleh Historical Village is another historical village near to the city, currently abandoned.
Thelephora anthocephala
Thelephora anthocephala is a species of coral fungus in the family Thelephoraceae. It was originally described as new to science in 1786 by French botanist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, who placed it in the genus Clavaria. Elias Fries transferred it to Thelephora in his 1838 work Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici.

Elias Magnus Fries
Elias Magnus Fries FRS FRSE FLS  (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. He is sometimes called the "Linnaeus of Mycology". In his works he described and assigned botanical names to hundreds of fungus and lichen species, many of which remain authoritative today.
Troy Heinert
Troy Heinert (born July 29, 1972) is an American politician who served in the South Dakota Senate.

Elected to the Senate in 2014, he was elected in 2015 as Senate assistant minority leader. He was elected minority leader in 2018. He was first elected to the state house in 2012 and served for one term.

South Dakota Senate
The South Dakota Senate is the upper house of the South Dakota Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The lower house is the South Dakota House of Representatives. It consists of 35 members, one representing each legislative district, who can serve up to four consecutive two-year terms. It meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Jack Richards (cricketer, born 1918)
John Lawson Richards (6 October 1918 – 2 November 1944) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Born in Williton in October 1918, Richards was educated at Monmouth School and Selwyn College, Cambridge, where he played several sports, including cricket. He entered Selwyn College in 1938, where he read mathematics. Between 24 and 26 May 1939, Richards made his only first-class appearance for Cambridge against Yorkshire, in which he was bowled twice for a duck and did not gain any runs.

On 8 June 1940, seven months after the outbreak of the Second World War, Richards was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers, in which he was involved in bomb disposal. During leave periods in 1941 and 1942, he appeared for Cambridge in six wartime cricket matches. Richards was killed in the Netherlands on 2 November 1944 and is buried at Jonkerbos War Cemetery.

Selwyn College, Cambridge
Selwyn College, Cambridge is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college was founded in 1882 by the Selwyn Memorial Committee in memory of George Augustus Selwyn (1809–1878), the first Bishop of New Zealand (1841–1868), and subsequently Bishop of Lichfield (1868–1878). Its main buildings consist of three courts built of stone and brick (Old Court, Ann's Court, and Cripps Court). There are several secondary buildings, including adjacent townhouses and lodges serving as student hostels on Grange Road, West Road and Sidgwick Avenue. The college has some 60 fellows and 110 non-academic staff.

In 2024, Selwyn was ranked fifth on the Tompkins Table of Cambridge colleges in order of undergraduates' performances in examinations. The college was ranked 16th out of 30 in an assessment of college wealth conducted by the student newspaper Varsity in November 2006.