hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Otto Liebe
Carl Julius Otto Liebe (24 May 1860 – 21 March 1929) was a Danish jurist who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 30 March 1920 to 5 April 1920. Liebe  was appointed prime minister after King Christian X had dismissed Carl Theodor Zahle and his cabinet because of dissatisfaction with the amount of land ceded to Denmark in the Schleswig Plebiscite. This use of power by the king, which was based in the Danish constitution, led to the Easter Crisis of 1920, and Otto Liebe was replaced by Michael Pedersen Friis after 5 days. The incident also led to a revision of the Danish constitution later in 1920.

1920 Schleswig plebiscites
The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 109 to 114 of the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former Duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.

The plebiscites were held on 10 February and 14 March 1920, and the result was that the larger northern portion (Zone I) voted to join Denmark, which occurred 15 June 1920, while the smaller southern portion (Zone II) voted to remain part of Germany.

Order in the plebiscite area was ensured by a joint British-French mission, whose work was awarded the official award of Denmark - "Schleswig Commemorative Medal 1920" — "Schleswig Memorial Medal 1920" (other spellings of the name are "Schleswig Plebiscite Medal 1920" and "Den Slesvigske Eringdringsmedaille af 1920").
Mira Dobreva
Mira Dobreva (Bulgarian: Мира Добрева) (born August 12, 1972, in Zlatograd) is a Bulgarian TV news presenter recently working on Bulgarian National Television. She was the Bulgarian spokesperson for the Eurovision Song Contest 2007.

In 2009, she appeared in the first season of VIP Dance, the Bulgarian version of Strictly Come Dancing.

Bulgarian National Television
The Bulgarian National Television (Bulgarian: Българска национална телевизия, Balgarska natsionalna televizia) or BNT (БНТ), stylized as ·Б·Н·Т· since 2018, is a public television broadcaster of Bulgaria. BNT was founded in 1959 and started broadcasting on December 26 of the same year. It was the first television service to broadcast on the territory of Bulgaria.

BNT is a member of International Radio and Television Organisation (to 31 December 1992), European Broadcasting Union (from 1 January 1993), EGTA, IMZ, CIRCOM Regional, FIAT and BBLF.
Niçard dialect
Niçard (Classical orthography), nissart/Niçart (Mistralian orthography, IPA: [niˈsaʀt]), niçois (/niːˈswɑː/ nee-SWAH, French: [niswa] ⓘ), or nizzardo (Italian: [nitˈtsardo]) is the dialect that was historically spoken in the city of Nice, in France, and in a few surrounding communes. Niçard is generally considered a subdialect of Provençal, itself a dialect of Occitan. Some Italian irredentists have claimed it as a Ligurian dialect.

Most residents of Nice and its region no longer speak Niçard, and the very few who do are fully bilingual in French as Niçard has lost its function of a vernacular language decades ago. Nonetheless, today there is a developing revival of the use of the language. Some local television news is presented in Niçard (with French subtitles) and street signs in the old town of Nice are written in the dialect as well as in French. The Niçard song Nissa La Bella is often regarded as the "anthem" of Nice.

Subdialect
Subdialect (from Latin sub-, "under", and Ancient Greek διάλεκτος, diálektos, "discourse") is a linguistic term designating a dialectological category between the levels of dialect and idiolect. Subdialects are basic subdivisions of a dialect. Subdialects can be divided further, ultimately down to idiolects. Subdialects of one dialect are generally quite close to each other, differing mainly in pronunciation and certain local words.
Atarashii Bunmei Kaika
"Atarashii Bunmei Kaika" (新しい文明開化; "New Cultural Civilization" or "New Westernization"), also known by its English language title "Brand New Civilization", is a song by Japanese rock band Tokyo Jihen, led by musician Ringo Sheena. It was a promotional song for the band's fifth album Dai Hakken, released on June 29, 2011, and was used in commercials for Tokyo Metro.

Ringo Sheena
Yumiko Shiina (椎名 裕美子, Shiina Yumiko; born November 25, 1978), known by her stage name Ringo Sheena (椎名 林檎, Shiina Ringo), is a Japanese singer, songwriter and musician. She is also the founder and lead vocalist of the band Tokyo Jihen.

She describes herself as "Shinjuku-kei Jisaku-Jien-ya (新宿系自作自演屋, a Shinjuku-style writer-performer)". She was ranked number 36 in a list of Japan's top 100 musicians compiled by HMV in 2003.
Wicked Wayz
Wicked Wayz is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Mr. Mike. It was released on July 30, 1996 through Suave House/Relativity Records. Production was handled by Smoke One Productions, E-A-Ski & CMT, with Tony Draper serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from 8Ball & MJG, Christión, E-A-Ski, Ice Cube, N.O.L.A. and O.C. The album peaked at number 29 on the Billboard 200 and number 5 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Its lead single, "Where Ya Love At?", reached #87 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and #40 on the Hot Rap Songs.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Polovodovo
Polovodovo (Russian: Половодово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Polovodovskoye Rural Settlement, Solikamsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 1,526 as of 2010. There are 42 streets.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Matt Tyrnauer
Matt Tyrnauer is an American film director.  He directed the documentary feature Valentino: The Last Emperor (2009), which was short listed for an Oscar nomination in 2010, Citizen Jane: Battle for the City (2016), the Emmy nominated, Scotty and the Secret History of Hollywood (2017), the 2018 documentary Studio 54 detailing New York's famed Studio 54 nightclub, Where's My Roy Cohn? (2019), and the Showtime four-part series, The Reagans (2020). Tyrnauer also developed and executive produced the docuseries Home, directing its Hong Kong episode, about the Gary Chang's Domestic Transformer home. The nine-part series premiered on Apple TV Plus in April 2020. Currently, Scotty and the Secret History of Hollywood is being adapted as a narrative film, with Tyrnauer producing, Luca Guadagnino directing and Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg writing the script. Tyrnauer has been Editor-At-Large and Special Correspondent for Vanity Fair, where he has contributed many feature articles.

Showtime Networks
Showtime Networks, Inc. is a subsidiary of American media conglomerate Paramount Skydance Corporation under its networks division that oversees the company's premium cable television channels, including its flagship namesake service. It was founded on September 6, 1983.
Trebuchet
A trebuchet (French: trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a hinged arm with a sling attached to the tip to launch a projectile. It was a common powerful siege engine until the advent of gunpowder. The design of a trebuchet allows it to launch projectiles of greater weights and further distances than a traditional catapult.

There are two main types of trebuchet. The first is the traction trebuchet, or mangonel, which uses manpower to swing the arm. It first appeared in China by the 4th century BC. It spread westward, possibly via the Avars, and was adopted by the Byzantines, Persians, Arabs, and other neighboring peoples by the sixth to seventh centuries AD.

The later, and often larger and more powerful, counterweight trebuchet, also known as the counterpoise trebuchet, uses a counterweight to swing the arm. It appeared in both Christian and Muslim lands around the Mediterranean in the 12th century, and was carried back to China by the Mongols in the 13th century.

Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda
Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda (Lodigiano: Castelnöu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Milan and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Lodi.

Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda borders the following municipalities: Crotta d'Adda, Maccastorna, Meleti, Monticelli d'Ongina, Caselle Landi, Caorso.
Richard Bateman-Robson
Richard Bateman-Robson (1753 – 1827) was an English politician. He was born the younger son of Henry Holland, a builder of Church Row, Fulham, Middlesex. His elder brother was Henry Holland, the well-known architect and son in law of Lancelot "Capability" Brown, through his marriage to Brown's eldest daughter, Bridget. Richard married Elizabeth, the daughter and heiress of solicitor Bateman Robson of Hartford, Huntingdonshire and took the surnames of Bateman Robson by royal licence in 1791. They had no children.

By 1795 he had bought from the 5th Duke of Bedford an estate at Okehampton which gave him control over one of the borough's parliamentary seats and  was returned unopposed the following year. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Okehampton from 1796 to 1802 and 1806 to 1807, for Honiton on 11 April 1806 – 1806 and for Shaftesbury in 1812 – 19 February 1813. He became Chairman of Grand Junction Waterworks Company in 1817.

Shaftesbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Shaftesbury was a parliamentary constituency in Dorset. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1295 until 1832 and one member until the constituency was abolished in 1885.
Bonanno catheter
A Bonanno catheter is a medical device. It was originally designed for suprapubic cystostomy (drainage of urine from the bladder through the skin, bypassing the urethra). Described by Dr J. P. Bonanno in 1970 and patented in 1987, it is produced by the medical supplies company Becton Dickinson. Apart from bladder drainage, it also has various other uses for which it has not actually been designed, such as thoracostomy and paracentesis.

The drain consists of a straight metal trocar, which serves as a core and guide for a plastic tube with a curved end that is kept straight while the trocar is inside. At the end of the plastic tube, a small flat plate is present that can be taped or sutured to the skin. The drain then ends in a connector that can be connected with a drainage bag.

Bladder
The bladder (from Old English  blædre 'bladder, blister, pimple') is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys. In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more.

The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico- appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins. The modern Latin word for "bladder" – cystis – appears in associated terms such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).
Blue Ash Montgomery Symphony Orchestra
The Blue Ash Montgomery Symphony Orchestra is
an American orchestra based in Blue Ash, Ohio, a northeastern suburb of Cincinnati.  It was founded in 1987 as the Blue Ash Symphony Orchestra by Paul Stanbery, who was also its first conductor.  The first concert took place on July 5, 1987.

In 2002, the orchestra became the Blue Ash Montgomery Symphony Orchestra.  Blue Ash and Montgomery, a neighboring suburb of Cincinnati, provide operating support in equal amounts.  Additional funding comes from Arts Wave of Greater Cincinnati, from various charitable foundations in the region, corporate and patron sponsorships and program advertising.

Sponsor (commercial)
Sponsoring something (or someone) is the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. The individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor, is known as the sponsor.
2018–19 Jackson State Tigers basketball team
The 2018–19 Jackson State Tigers basketball team represented Jackson State University during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Tigers were led by sixth-year head coach Wayne Brent, and played their home games at the Williams Assembly Center in Jackson, Mississippi as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 13–19 overall, 10–8 in SWAC play to finish in a three-way tie for third place. As the No. 3 seed in the SWAC tournament, they were upset by No. 6 seed Alabama State in the quarterfinals.

2019 SWAC men's basketball tournament
The 2019 SWAC men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Southwestern Athletic Conference during the 2018–19 season. Tournament first round games were played at the campus of the higher seeded team on March 12. The remainder of the tournament was held on March 15 and 16, 2019 at the Bill Harris Arena in Birmingham, Alabama. Prairie View A&M defeated Texas Southern 92–86 in the championship game to win the tournament, and received the SWAC's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament. It was the second SWAC title for Prairie View A&M, and the first since the 1997–98 season.
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer)
Aleksandr Sergeyevich Golovin (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Головин, IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr sʲɪrˈgʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ gəlɐˈvʲin]; born 30 May 1996) is a Russian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or left winger for  Ligue 1 club Monaco and captains the Russia national team.

Golovin began his professional career at CSKA Moscow in 2014, where he played in four Russian Premier League seasons, winning the league title in his second season, before moving to Monaco in 2018, for a club record fee of €30 million, becoming the first Russian to play for the club.

Golovin made his senior international debut for Russia in 2015 and was part of their squads at the UEFA European Championship in 2016 and 2020, and the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Nîmes Olympique
Nîmes Olympique (commonly referred to as simply Nîmes) is a French association football club based in Nîmes. The club was founded on 12 April 1937 and currently plays in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of French football. The Stade des Antonins is the club's home stadium.
2018 Europe Top 16 Cup
The 2018 Europe Top 16 Cup (also referred to as the China Construction Bank 2018 Europe Top 16 Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a table tennis competition held from 3–4 February in Montreux, Switzerland, organised under the authority of the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU). It was the 47th edition of the event, and the third time that it had been held in Switzerland.

Events were held in men's singles and women's singles, and the three medallists in each event qualified for the 2018 Men's and Women's World Cups.

Montreux
Montreux (UK: /mɒ̃ˈtrɜː/, US: /mɒ̃ˈtroʊ/; French: [mɔ̃tʁø] ⓘ; Arpitan: Montrolx) is a Swiss municipality and town on the shoreline of Lake Geneva at the foot of the Alps. It belongs to the Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut district in the canton of Vaud, having a population of nearly 27,000 with about 85,000 in the Vevey-Montreux agglomeration as of 2019.

Located in the centre of a region named the Vaud or Swiss Riviera (French: Riviera vaudoise), Montreux has been an important tourist destination since the 19th century due to its mild climate. The region includes numerous Belle Époque palaces and hotels near the shores of Lake Geneva. Montreux railway station is a stop on the Simplon Railway and is a mountain railway hub.
Kaohsiung Exhibition Center light rail station
Kaohsiung Exhibition Center (Chinese: 高雄展覽館站; pinyin: Gāoxíong Zhǎnlǎnguǎn) is a light rail station of the Circular Line of the Kaohsiung rapid transit system. It is located in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Kaohsiung Metro
Kaohsiung Metro (Chinese: 高雄大眾捷運系統, 高雄捷運) is a rapid transit and light rail system covering the metropolitan area of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Its rapid transit network is known as Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System or Kaohsiung Rapid Transit (KRT). Construction of the MRT started in October 2001. The MRT opened in 2008 and the Circular light rail in 2015. Kaohsiung Metro is operated by the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (KRTC; Chinese: 高雄捷運公司) under a BOT contract the company signed with the Kaohsiung City Government.

The system uses romanizations derived from Tongyong Pinyin.
Cinderella Ate My Daughter
Cinderella Ate My Daughter: Dispatches From the Front Lines of the New Girlie-Girl Culture is a 2011 book written by Peggy Orenstein. The book explores the phenomenon of princess culture and in particular how the concept is marketed to young girls.

The book stemmed from an article that Orenstein wrote for The New York Times Magazine in 2006 entitled "What's Wrong With Cinderella?" In the article Orenstein relates her experiences as a mother, seeing her daughter exposed to a ubiquity of princesses and pink. The article explains the genesis of the Disney Princesses and the rise of the princess-themed merchandise and advertising.

Cinderella Ate My Daughter expands on the theme set out in the article, incorporating child beauty pageants, American Girl stores, and a Miley Cyrus concert. Orenstein concerns herself with young girls' self-esteem and the sexualization of girlhood.

Advertising to children
Advertising products or services to children raises questions regarding the application, duration, impact on youngsters, and ethical considerations surrounding the practice of targeting children with advertising. Understanding the effects of advertising on children's behavior and well-being is a complex and evolving field of study.

Advertising is defined by national laws and advertising standards. In advertising law, the definition of a child varies from one jurisdiction to another, but the age of 12 is commonly used as a cut-off point
Various countries and jurisdictions have restrictions or bans on advertising to children. The European Union also has framework legislation in place which sets down minimum provisions on advertising to children.
Rita Jarvis
Rita Anderson Jarvis (1916–1982) was a British tennis player.

Jarvis, who attended Notting Hill and Ealing High School in Middlesex, made her first Wimbledon main draw appearance in 1936. She reached the singles fourth round of the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, losing to Jean Walker-Smith. As a doubles player she made quarter-finals at the French Championships and Wimbledon. During her first marriage, to Los Angeles tennis player Owen Anderson, she competed on tour as an American. She was divorced from Anderson in March 1953 and two months later married Czechoslovak-born Egyptian tennis player Jaroslav Drobný.

Notting Hill and Ealing High School
Notting Hill and Ealing High School is a private day school for girls aged 4–18 in Ealing, London. Founded in 1873, it is one of the 26 schools that make up the Girls' Day School Trust.  It has a junior department of 310 girls (ages 4–11) and a Senior Department of 600 girls (ages 11–18). The current head is Allison Saunders. Ms Bevan is head of the junior school.
2-hydroxyquinoline 5,6-dioxygenase
In enzymology, a 2-hydroxyquinoline 5,6-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.12.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2  2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are quinolin-2-ol, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its two products are 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline and NAD+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is quinolin-2-ol,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (5,6-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline 5,6-dioxygenase, quinolin-2-ol 5,6-dioxygenase, and quinolin-2(1H)-one 5,6-dioxygenase.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 276
United Nations Security Council Resolution 276, adopted on January 30, 1970, after reaffirming previous resolutions and statements, the Council condemned South Africa's continued occupation of Namibia as illegal and decided to establish an ad hoc sub-committee to study the ways and means by which the Council's resolutions could be implemented.  The Council requested all states and organizations give the sub-committee all the information and other assistance it may require and further requested the Secretary-General to give every assistance to the sub-committee.

The Council decided to resume consideration of the question of Namibia as soon as the recommendations of the sub-committee have been made available.

The resolution was adopted with 13 votes; France and the United Kingdom abstained.

An advisory opinion concerning Resolution 276, issued on 21 June 1971 by the International Court of Justice (I.C.J), gave rise to the term Namibia exception.

Lists of United Nations Security Council resolutions
United Nations Security Council resolutions are United Nations resolutions adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council (UNSC); the United Nations (UN) body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security".
Dangerous (Within Temptation song)
"Dangerous" is the second single by Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation from their sixth studio album, Hydra. It was released exclusively to iTunes on 20 December 2013 with an accompanying music video. The song features guest vocals from Light the Torch lead singer Howard Jones.

Light the Torch
Light the Torch (formerly Devil You Know) is an American metalcore supergroup formed in Los Angeles in 2012.  They are currently signed to Nuclear Blast Records and have released four albums: two under the "Devil You Know" moniker (The Beauty of Destruction and They Bleed Red) and two under the "Light the Torch" name (Revival and You Will Be the Death of Me).