hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Q. Nebeker
Frank Quill Nebeker (April 23, 1930 – January 4, 2024) was an American jurist who served as a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims and the District of Columbia Court of Appeals.

United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims
The United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims (in case citations, Vet. App.) is a federal court of record that was established under Article I of the United States Constitution, and is thus referred to as an Article I tribunal (court).  The court has exclusive national jurisdiction to provide independent federal judicial oversight and review of final decisions of the Board of Veterans' Appeals.
Cookie Bear
The term Cookie Bear refers to two distinct fictional bears:

Cookie Bear was a comedy character (actually Janos Prohaska, a man in a bear suit) that appeared in zany sketches between the songs in The Andy Williams Show.

Cookie Bear (New Zealand) was a character developed for advertising New Zealand company Cadbury Schweppes Hudson's biscuits.

Cookie Bear (New Zealand)
Cookie Bear is a familiar character in New Zealand originally associated with Hudsons and later Griffin's biscuits. Cookie Bear's popularity grew with New Zealand children through the Cookie Bear Club, their shared love of Chocolate Chippies and his famous catchphrase "Dum-de-doo".
David–Grinham rivalry
The squash players Nicol David (Malaysia) and Natalie Grinham  (Netherlands)  have a long rivalry. They have met 32 times during  their careers, with David leading their overall head-to-head series 25–7. Natalie is David's most frequent opponent on tour. 16 of their matches have been in tournament finals, including two in the World Open tournament. The World Open 2006 final between David and Natalie is dubbed to be one of the greatest in the Women's World Open history.

The longest match between the duo is in the 2007 CIMB Kuala Lumpur Open;  which saw David go on to win in a five set match that lasted in 102  minutes. David won 6–9, 9–3,  9–6, 7–9, 9–6. On 27 September 2009, in the $118,000 2009 Women's World Open final, David won the match in four sets 3–11, 11–6, 11–3, 11–8 to become only the third player in the history of the championships to win four titles, alongside Australia's Sarah Fitz-Gerald and New Zealander Susan Devoy.

Sarah Fitz-Gerald
Sarah Elizabeth Fitz-Gerald AM (born 1 December 1968) is an Australian former professional squash player who won five World Open titles – 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001 and 2002. She ranks alongside Janet Morgan, Nicol David, Susan Devoy, Michelle Martin and Heather McKay as the sport's greatest female players of all time.
Andy Bostock
Andrew Bostock (born 25 February 1985) is a professional rugby league footballer who has played in the 2000s and 2010s. He has played at club level for Thornhill Trojans, Dewsbury, and Featherstone Rovers (Heritage 948), as a centre, second-row, or prop.

Featherstone Rovers
Featherstone Rovers is a professional rugby league club in Featherstone, West Yorkshire, England. The club last competed in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league, but were not granted RFL membership for the 2026 season due to the club's financial difficulties.

Featherstone Rovers won the League Championship once and Challenge Cup three times.

The club played home games at Post Office Road. Their local rivals were Castleford and Wakefield Trinity, and in the Championship, Halifax. The club's traditional home colours were white with blue hoops.
Robert Hodgson (cricketer)
Robert William Hodgson (born 22 February 1973, in Launceston, Tasmania), is a former Australian cricketer, who played for Tasmania. He attended the Australian Cricket Academy in 1996, but due to injury hasn't played for Tasmania since 1999.

Australian Cricket Academy
The Australian Cricket Academy was founded in 1987 as a joint initiative of the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) and the Australian Cricket Board (ACB). It was initially located at Henley Beach in Adelaide before moving to the Allan Border Field in Brisbane, Queensland in 2004 and renamed the "Commonwealth Bank Centre of Excellence".

It was designed to be a finishing school for leading young cricketers and is a program within the AIS. It was for some time known as the Commonwealth Bank Cricket Academy as part of a sponsorship arrangement with the Commonwealth Bank of Australia.

In 1997, to celebrate the Academy's tenth anniversary, a team of graduates called the Australian Cricket Academy XI (captained by Stuart Law) played an Australian XI. The match was tied.

The current manager is the retired captain of the Australian women's cricket team, Belinda Clark. At the end of the 2010–11 Ashes series, Troy Cooley became head coach.
Korkut Eken
Korkut Eken (born 1945) is a former Turkish military officer and National Intelligence Organization (MİT) agent. He became involved in the Susurluk scandal in Turkey after some of his subordinates, notably Ayhan Çarkın, were convicted of extrajudicial killings. In 2001, among the first convictions arising from the scandal, Eken was found guilty of establishing and managing a criminal gang with the aim of "creating panic in society" and sentenced to six years in prison.

Extrajudicial killing
An extrajudicial killing (also known as an extrajudicial execution or an extralegal killing) is the deliberate killing of a person without the lawful authority granted by a judicial proceeding. It typically refers to government authorities, whether lawfully or unlawfully, targeting specific people for death, which in authoritarian regimes often involves political, trade union, dissident, religious and social figures. The term is typically used in situations that imply the human rights of the victims have been violated. Deaths caused by legal police actions (such as self defense) or legal warfighting on a battlefield are generally not included, even though military and police forces are often used for killings seen by critics as illegitimate. The label "extrajudicial killing" has also been applied to organized, lethal enforcement of extralegal social norms by non-government actors, including lynchings and honor killings.
Eva Braun's private films
Eva Braun was an avid and passionate filmmaker and photographer, extensively documenting her surroundings between 1938 and 1944. The resulting footage — now classified by the U.S. National Archives (NARA) as "Private Motion Pictures of Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun" — captures both her personal life and the inner circle of the Nazi regime in southern Germany. Nine surviving reels of 16mm silent color and black and white film, copied from the original 28, depict typical home movie themes: Braun, her family, and friends enjoying leisure activities such as sports, countryside walks, family gatherings, celebrations, travel, and scenes with pets and children at play. However, these seemingly private moments are interwoven with unique behind-the-scenes glimpses of life at the Berghof, Adolf Hitler's residence in Obersalzberg. The footage also features top Nazi officials in informal settings and offers rare visual documentation of key historical moments and meetings.

Obersalzberg
Obersalzberg is a mountainside retreat situated above the market town of Berchtesgaden in Bavaria, Germany. Located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) south-east of Munich, close to the border with Austria, it is best known as the site of Adolf Hitler's former mountain residence, the Berghof, and of the mountaintop Kehlsteinhaus, popularly known in the English-speaking world as the "Eagle's Nest". The Kehlsteinhaus today serves as a restaurant and tourist attraction. The rest of the Nazi-era buildings were demolished in the 1950s, but that history is preserved in the Dokumentationszentrum Obersalzberg museum, which opened in 1999.
Coptic Egypt: The Christians of the Nile
Coptic Egypt: The Christians of the Nile (French: L'Égypte copte, les chrétiens du Nil) is a 2000 illustrated monograph on Copts and Christian Egypt. Written by the Belgian historian of religion Christian Cannuyer, and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 395th volume in their 'Découvertes' collection, in collaboration with the Institut du Monde Arabe.

Éditions Gallimard
Éditions Gallimard (French: [edisjɔ̃ ɡalimaːʁ]), formerly Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue Française (1911–1919) and Librairie Gallimard (1919–1961), is one of the leading French book publishers. In 2003, it and its subsidiaries published 1,418 titles.

Founded by Gaston Gallimard in 1911, the publisher is now majority-owned by his grandson Antoine Gallimard.

Éditions Gallimard is a subsidiary of Groupe Madrigall, the third largest French publishing group.
Wilfrid Lawson (MP for Cockermouth)
Wilfrid Lawson (ca. 1636 – after 1679) of Brayton Hall, Cumberland was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660.

Lawson was the second son of Sir Wilfrid Lawson, 1st Baronet, of Isell and his wife Jane Musgrave, daughter of Sir Edward Musgrave, 1st Baronet  of Hayton Castle

In 1659, Lawson was elected Member of Parliament for Cockermouth in the Third Protectorate Parliament.  In 1660, he was re-elected MP for Cockermouth in the Convention Parliament. In 1678 he was appointed High Sheriff of Cumberland

Lawson's father conferred the estate of Brayton on him, so founding the Brayton line of Lawsons upon whom the baronetcy later descended in 1743 on the death of Sir Mordaunt Lawson, 5th Baronet of Isell.

Lawson died before his father. He had married Sarah, daughter of William James of Washington, County Durham. They had two sons, Gilfrid and Alfred.

Washington, Tyne and Wear
Washington is a town in the Sunderland district, in Tyne and Wear, England. Historically part of County Durham, it is the ancestral settlement of the local Washington family, from which the first President of the United States George Washington descended. It has a population of 67,085.

It is located between Chester-le-Street, Gateshead and South Tyneside. Washington was designated a new town in 1964. It became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The town has expanded dramatically since its designation; new villages were created and areas were reassigned from Chester-le-Street, to offer housing and employment to those moving from adjoining areas and further afield. At the 2011 census, Washington had a population of 67,085, compared to 53,388 in 2001.
Moshe Raviv
Moshe Raviv (Hebrew: משה רביב; born 1935) was an Israeli ambassador to the United Kingdom (1993 - 1998), and the Philippines (1978 - 1981). During the Six-Day War, he was an aide to Israeli foreign minister Abba Eban.

While Ambassador to the UK, there were two car bomb attacks on July 26, 1994 aimed at Jewish targets.  One was at exploded at the Israeli embassy, injuring 14 people. Samar Alami and Jawad Botmeh, who were convicted of conspiracy to cause explosions.  Jeremy Corbyn called for Alami and Botmeh to be freed.  Raviv spoke out against Corbyn, condemning his support for the pair.

Abba Eban
Abba Solomon Meir Eban (/ˈɑːbə ˈiːbən/ ⓘ; Hebrew: אבא שלמה אבן [ˈ(ʔ)aba ˈ(ʔ)even]; born Aubrey Solomon Meir Eban; 2 February 1915 – 17 November 2002) was a South African-born Israeli diplomat and politician, and a scholar of the Arabic and Hebrew languages.

During his career, he served as Foreign Affairs Minister, Education Minister, and Deputy Prime Minister of Israel. He was the second ambassador to the United States and the first Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations. He was also vice president of the United Nations General Assembly and president of the Weizmann Institute of Science. Eban famously remarked of the Palestinians, "The Arabs never miss an opportunity to miss an opportunity."
Needhamiella
Needhamiella is a monotypic genus in the family Ericaceae. The sole species, Needhamiella pumilio, is a small shrub that is endemic to Western Australia.

The genus was first formally described in 1810 by botanist Robert Brown who gave it the name Needhamia. This was subsequently declared an illegitimate name as Italian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli had assigned it to a genus in the family Leguminosae in 1777. In 1965 the genus was given the revised name Needhamiella.

Nomen illegitimum
Nomen illegitimum (Latin for illegitimate name) is a technical term used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although  the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms as qualifiers for taxon names (e.g. nomen conservandum for "conserved name", and nomen superfluum for "superfluous name"), the definition of each term is in English rather than Latin. The Latin abbreviations are widely used by botanists and mycologists.
H. M. Pulham, Esq.
H. M. Pulham, Esq. is a 1941 American drama film directed by King Vidor and starring Hedy Lamarr, Robert Young, and Ruth Hussey. Based on the novel H. M. Pulham, Esq. by John P. Marquand, the film is about a middle-aged businessman who has lived a conservative life according to the routine conventions of society, but who still remembers the beautiful young woman who once brought him out of his shell. Vidor co-wrote the screenplay with his wife, Elizabeth Hill Vidor. The film features an early uncredited appearance by Ava Gardner. In February 2020, the film was shown at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, as part of a retrospective dedicated to King Vidor's career.

70th Berlin International Film Festival
The 70th annual Berlin International Film Festival took place from 20 February to 1 March 2020. It was the first under the leadership of new Berlin Film Festival board: business administration director Mariette Rissenbeek and artistic director Carlo Chatrian.

The festival opening gala was presented by actor Samuel Finzi, followed by the world premiere My Salinger Year, directed by Philippe Falardeau. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Iranian film There Is No Evil, directed by Mohammad Rasoulof.
Gracillaria ussuriella
Gracillaria ussuriella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the islands of Hokkaidō, Honshū and Kyūshū in Japan and the Russian Far East.

The wingspan is 9.8–12 mm.

The larvae feed on Fraxinus species, including Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus chinensis, Fraxinus mandshurica and Fraxinus pennsylvanica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Fraxinus chinensis
Fraxinus chinensis, the Chinese ash, is a species of ash tree. Its leaves are used in traditional Chinese medicine for dysentery disorders.

Fraxinus chinensis is dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate individuals.
Nikos Xanthoulis
Dr. Nikos Xanthoulis (Greek: Νίκος Ξανθούλης, born Νικόλαος Γεωργίου Ξανθούλης; 1962) is a Greek composer, lyrist and author. He served as principal trumpet player of the Greek National Opera for 25 years (1983-2009), lead the Educational Department (2009-2012) and served as an Artistic Consultant (2016-2021) of the same institution. He is Assistant Researcher with the Academy of Athens (2009–present), Correspondent Member of the Archaeological Institute of America (2010–present) and Kress Lecturer, and Professor of Composition (2004–2020) and Trumpet (1984-2013) at the Athens Conservatory. He was also Artistic Director of the Public Broadcasting Music Ensembles (2014 - 2015) and Tutor at the Greek Open University (2004-2017). Nowadays Dr Xanthoulis is a renowned Ancient Greek Lyre Soloist and is playing a major part in the instrument's revival.

Archaeological Institute of America
The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is North America's oldest learned society and largest organization devoted to the world of archaeology. AIA professionals have carried out archaeological fieldwork around the world and AIA has established research centers and schools in seven countries. As of 2019, the society had more than 6,100 members and more than 100 affiliated local societies in the United States and overseas. AIA members include professional archaeologists and members of the public.

The AIA has established many archaeological organizations and protected many historical sites in the world. The AIA has hosted an annual meeting every year for over 120 years, where archaeologists present their latest work. The institute also has established scholarships for students and awarded archaeologists for their contributions to archaeology.

The institute publishes a scholarly journal, the American Journal of Archaeology (AJA) and the magazine Archaeology.
Third Vajpayee ministry
Atal Bihari Vajpayee was sworn in as Prime Minister of India for third time on 13 October 1999. Here is the list of ministers in the Third Vajpayee Ministry. During its tenure, this ministry became the largest Union Council of Ministers in India's history, comprising around 88 ministers to managing the broad-based National Democratic Alliance including over two dozen coalition partners.

The cabinet's size was later prompted the 91st Constitutional Amendment in 2003, which capped the number of ministers at 15% of the Lok Sabha strength.

Shripad Naik
Shripad Yesso Naik (born 4 October 1952) is an Indian politician.

He is the member of parliament from North Goa constituency, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party. He's held the role since 1999. He is currently Minister of State for New and Renewable Energy, and previously held a number of other ministerial positions.

He was named Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of AYUSH in 2014. He was appointed Minister of State for Defence in 2019. He was also the  union minister of state for Health and Family Welfare and the minister of state for Tourism and Ports, Shipping and Waterways of India, (in Second Modi ministry).
Kumble R. Subbaswamy
Kumble R. Subbaswamy is an Indian physicist and college administrator who served as the 11th chancellor of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He currently serves as Interim Senior Vice President for Academic and Student Affairs and Equity, serving the five-campus University of Massachusetts system. He formerly served as the provost of University of Kentucky.

He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and also an elected fellow of the American Physical Society, and has research interests in computational chemistry and condensed matter physics.

On June 2, 2022, Subbaswamy announced that he would retire from being the chancellor by the end of June 2023.

University of Massachusetts
The University of Massachusetts (UMass) is the public university system of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university system includes six campuses (Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, Lowell, a medical school in Worcester and a law school in Dartmouth), a satellite campus in Springfield and 25 smaller campuses throughout California and Washington with the University of Massachusetts Global. The system enrolled 73,593 students in fall 2023.

The University of Massachusetts system is governed by a president and a 22-member board of trustees. The system administration is in Boston and Shrewsbury. Each of the institutions in the system is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
El Palmillo
El Palmillo is a Mesoamerican Classic Period archaeological site located in the Valley of Oaxaca, associated with the pre-Columbian Zapotec civilization which was centered in the valley and the surrounding highlands of the present-day state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Located on a hilltop in the eastern Tlacolula arm of the valley, El Palmillo is just to the south of the pre-Columbian site of Mitla and to the east of the major Zapotec regional center, Monte Albán.

A major excavation at the site has been ongoing since 1999, led by Dr. Gary Feinman and Linda Nicholas of the Field Museum of Natural History.

Oaxaca Valley
The Central Valleys (Spanish: Valles Centrales) of Oaxaca, also simply known as the Oaxaca Valley, is a geographic region located within the modern-day state of Oaxaca in southeastern Mexico. In an administrative context, it has been defined as comprising the districts of Etla, Centro, Zaachila, Zimatlán, Ocotlán, Tlacolula and Ejutla. The valley, which is located within the Sierra Madre Mountains, is shaped like a distorted and almost upside-down “Y,” with each of its arms bearing specific names: the northwestern Etla arm, the central southern Valle Grande, and the Tlacolula arm to the east.  The Oaxaca Valley was home to the Zapotec civilization, one of the earliest complex societies in Mesoamerica, and the later Mixtec culture. A number of important and well-known archaeological sites are found in the Oaxaca Valley, including Monte Albán, Mitla, San José Mogote and Yagul. Today, the capital of the state, the city of Oaxaca, is located in the central portion of the valley.
2020 Czech Women's Curling Championship
The 2020 Czech Women's Curling Championship (Czech: MČR žen 2020) was held in Prague from September 24 to 29, 2020.

Four teams took part in the championship.

The team "Liboc 3" skipped by Anna Kubešková won the championship (Kubešková won her eighth title as player and skip).

The 2020 Czech Men's Curling Championship was held simultaneously with this championship at the same arena.

Skip (curling)
In the sport of curling, the skip is the captain of a team. The skip determines strategy, and holds the broom in the house (target area) to indicate where a teammate at the other end of the curling sheet (playing area) should aim the stone. The skip usually throws the last two stones in the fourth position, but may play in any other position.

Sometimes "skipper" is used; it can also be abbreviated as "S". It's also used as a verb ("skips", "skipped", "skipping").

It is conventional to identify a team by the name of the skip.
Great Snoring
Great Snoring is a rural village in North Norfolk by the River Stiffkey, in the east of England. It is situated approximately 25 miles (40 km) north-west from the city and county town of Norwich, and 2 miles (3 km) north from the larger village of Little Snoring.

At the centre of the village are the listed buildings of St Mary's Church and the Old Rectory. The village's main road, called The Street comprises houses of brick and flint. The nearest inn and shop is in Little Snoring.

Village population in the 2001 Census was 168, reduced to 143 at the 2011 Census.

County town
In Great Britain and Ireland, a county town is usually the location of administrative or judicial functions within a county, and the place where public representatives are elected to parliament. Following the establishment of county councils in England in 1889, the headquarters of the new councils were usually established in the county town of each county; however, the concept of a county town pre-dates these councils.

The concept of a county town is ill-defined and unofficial. Some counties in Great Britain have their administrative bodies housed elsewhere. For example, Lancaster is the county town of Lancashire, but the county council is in Preston. Owing to the creation of unitary authorities, some county towns in Great Britain are administratively separate from the county. For example, Nottingham is separated from the rest of Nottinghamshire, and Brighton and Hove is separate from East Sussex. On a ceremonial level, both are in their own respective counties geographically.
Hatherley and Reddings Cricket Club Ground
Hatherley and Reddings Cricket Club Ground is a cricket ground in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire.  The first recorded match held on the ground came in 1986 when Hatherley and Reddings Cricket Club played the Netherlands.  The ground later held a single List A match when the Gloucestershire Cricket Board played the Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy, with the Yorkshire Cricket Board winning by 7 runs.

Hatherley and Reddings Cricket Club still use the ground to this day.

Gloucestershire Cricket Board
The Gloucestershire Cricket Board (GCB) is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Gloucestershire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the early rounds of English domestic one-day tournament matches, which had List A status. They played a total of seven List A games, winning two.