hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scholarius
Scholarius (Σχολάριος), Scholares (Σχολάρης) or Scholaris  may be:

Greek scholars in the Renaissance

the title of a medieval scholar in general

a member of the Scholae Palatinae military unit

the epithet of Gennadius Scholarius

the epithet of Niketas Scholares

Greek scholars in the Renaissance
The migration waves of Byzantine Greek scholars and émigrés in the period following the end of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 are considered by many scholars key to the revival of Greek studies that led to the development of Renaissance humanism and science. These émigrés brought to Western Europe the relatively well-preserved remnants and accumulated knowledge of their own (Greek) civilization, which had mostly not survived the Early Middle Ages in the West. The Encyclopædia Britannica claims: "Many modern scholars also agree that the exodus of Greeks to Italy as a result of this event marked the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance," although few scholars date the start of the Italian Renaissance this late.
Circe (cable system)
Circe is a submarine communications cable that connects network switches in the United Kingdom with those in Belgium, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. It was built at a cost of US$1 billion by Viatel in the late 1990s and measures up to 8,700 km in total length. According to a 1998 Bloomberg Businessweek article, Circe is one of the first cross-border fibre-optics networks in Europe.

In 2013, media reports revealed that communication passing through Circe is being secretly monitored by the British intelligence agency GCHQ as part of its ongoing surveillance project.

Viatel Inc.
Viatel Inc., founded in the United States in 1991, was a Nasdaq-quoted technology company which operated fiber optic networks in several countries, including in the United Kingdom during the mid-1990s. Viatel Technology Group, a Dublin-based technology company focused primarily on the Irish market, was founded from some of the elements of Viatel Inc. following acquisition by Digiweb in 2013.
Laura Mariu
Laura Tui Mariu MNZM (born 2 December 1980) is a Canadian international rugby league player. She represented New Zealand at the 2000, 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2017 Women's Rugby League World Cups.

Mariu was chosen to captain the New Zealand Warriors' Women's team in the inaugural NRLW competition in 2018.

In the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honours, Mariu was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to rugby league.

Mariu will represent Canada Ravens in the 2021 Rugby League World Cup. She is eligible through her Canadian mother.

2013 Women's Rugby League World Cup
The 2013 Women's Rugby League World Cup was the fourth staging of the Women's Rugby League World Cup. The tournament was held in Great Britain from 5 July, culminating in the final between Australia and New Zealand on 14 July. It was held at Headingley, Leeds. Four teams took part and these teams were: Australia, England, France and New Zealand.
Salthrop House
Salthrop House is a country house about 2 miles (3.2 km) west of the village of Wroughton, Wiltshire, in England. It is Grade II listed on the National Heritage List for England. There was a large house on the site in the early 17th century. The present house was built c.1795 in the style of James Wyatt; it has two storeys, faced in ashlar, with a two-story bow on the front (west) elevation.

Salthrop is within the Basset Down Estate which today is known for its golf course.

James Wyatt
James Wyatt PRA (3 August 1746 – 4 September 1813) was an English architect who was a rival of Robert Adam in the neoclassical and neo-Gothic styles. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in 1785 and was its president from 1805 to 1806.
Lectionary 260
Lectionary 260, designated by siglum ℓ 260 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been not assigned to any century. Scrivener labelled it as 198e, Gregory by 83a. The manuscript has been lost.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Born in China
Born in China (我们诞生在中国) is a 2016 nature documentary film directed by Lu Chuan. A co-production between Disneynature and Shanghai Media Group, the film was released in China on August 12, 2016, in the United States on April 21, 2017, one day before Earth Day, and in France on August 23 of the same year. The film focuses on a snow leopard named Dawa and her cubs, a young golden snub-nosed monkey named Tao Tao, a female giant panda named Ya Ya along with her daughter Mei Mei, and a herd of chiru. The American release of the film is narrated by John Krasinski, the Chinese release is narrated by Zhou Xun, and the French release is narrated by Claire Keim.

Nature documentary
A nature documentary or wildlife documentary is a genre of documentary film or series about animals, plants, or other non-human living creatures. Nature documentaries usually concentrate on video taken in the subject's natural habitat, but often including footage of trained and captive animals, too. Sometimes they are about wildlife or ecosystems in relationship to human beings. Such programmes are most frequently made for television, particularly for public broadcasting channels, but some are also made for the cinema. The proliferation of this genre occurred almost simultaneously alongside the production of similar television series which is distributed across the world.
Maine State Route 153
State Route 153 (SR 153) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways.  It runs 4.68 miles (7.53 km) from an intersection with SR 6 and SR 16 to an intersection with Smith Lane near Sebec Lake in Dover-Foxcroft.  The route is also known as Greeley's Landing Road.

Sebec River
The Sebec River is a tributary of the Piscataquis River in Piscataquis County, Maine. From the outflow of Sebec Lake (45°16′13″N 69°06′54″W﻿ / ﻿45.2704°N 69.1151°W﻿ / 45.2704; -69.1151﻿ (Sebec River source)) in Sebec, the river runs 10.0 miles (16.1 km) east and southeast to its confluence with the Piscataquis in Milo.
Royal Australian Air Force Memorial
The Royal Australian Air Force Memorial is on Anzac Parade, the principal ceremonial and memorial avenue of Canberra, the capital city of Australia.

The Royal Australian Air Force was formed on 31 March 1921, being preceded by the Australian Flying Corps that saw service in World War I. This memorial commemorates the 50th anniversary of the formation of the RAAF (initially as the Australian Air Force, the "Royal" prefix being added in August 1921), and the service of members of the RAAF. It was unveiled by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh on 15 March 1973.

The redeveloped memorial incorporated three black granite walls and their images. It was dedicated in the presence of Peter Hollingworth AC OBE, Governor General of the Commonwealth of Australia; John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia; and Air Marshal Angus Houston AC AFC, Chief of Air Force.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Parotocinclus haroldoi
Parotocinclus haroldoi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known from the state of Piauí in Brazil, with a 2020 redescription defining its range as the Parnaíba River basin. The species reaches 3.5 cm (1.4 inches) SL.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Salgueira Beach
Salgueira Beach (Praia da Salgueira in Portuguese) is an extensive maritime beach of the city Póvoa de Varzim in Portugal. The beach has white sand and very few rocks, in the central spot with a northern rocky side, near Buddha Club, known as Praia Azul (Blue Beach).

Salgueira is crossed by Banhos Avenue, Póvoa's main waterfront avenue. The beach took the name of a former district and is a classic surfing beach (Póvoa de Varzim spot), very popular amongst bodyboarders, as the waves in the spot are more suitable for bodyboard, but with the high tide it will be good to longboard and surf, suitable for experienced surfers. In earlier times, the local surfer community barely allowed outsiders or beginners to surf in this spot, currently it is open for almost everyone.

The southern tip of the beach is known as Carvalhido near Esplanada do Carvalhido — a beach-square, while the northern tip, near Buddah Club, is known as Praia Azul (blue Beach).

Bodyboarding
Bodyboarding is a water sport in which the surfer rides a bodyboard on the crest, face, and curl of a wave which is carrying the surfer towards the shore. Bodyboarding is also referred to as Boogieboarding due to the invention of the "Boogie Board" by Tom Morey in 1971. The average bodyboard consists of a short, rectangular piece of hydrodynamic foam. Bodyboarders typically use swim fins for additional propulsion and control while riding a breaking wave.
World RX of France
The World RX of France is a Rallycross event held in France for the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The event made its debut in the 2014 season, at the Circuit de Lohéac in the town of Lohéac, Bretagne.

In 2019, the event change his name into Bretagne World RX of France.

In 2021, the event change his name again, becoming Bretagne World RX of Lohéac.

Rallycross
Rallycross is a form of sprint style motorsport held on a mixed-surface racing circuit using modified production touring cars or prototype racing cars. It began in the 1960s as a cross between rallying and autocross.

It is popular in European countries. Internationally, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) organise the World and European Rallycross Championships.
2011 Tour of Utah
The 2011 Tour of Utah was the eighth edition of the Tour of Utah.  For the first time, the race was included on the UCI America Tour, with a classification of 2.1.  As such, the race is only open to teams on the UCI Pro Tour, UCI Professional Continental and UCI Continental circuits.  The race took place between August 9–14, 2011 as a six-day, six-stage race, similar to the prior two years.   The race joined the 2011 Tour of California and the 2011 USA Pro Cycling Challenge as the only three UCI-ranked stage races in the United States

Janez Brajkovič
Janez "Jani" Brajkovič (born 18 December 1983) is a racing cyclist from Metlika, Slovenia, who most recently rode for UCI Continental team Adria Mobil. He was the world under-23 Time Trial champion in 2004.

In 2018, while riding for the Adria Mobil team, Brajkovič was suspended after a positive anti-doping test. He was banned for just over a year, and once his suspension was complete, he rejoined the Adria Mobil team.
Apatomerus
Apatomerus (meaning "deceptive femur"), is a genus of extinct reptile known from a single fossil (KUVP 1199) from the Albian-age (Lower Cretaceous) Kiowa Shale of Kansas, USA. This bone, collected in 1893, was first identified as the thighbone of a crocodilian,  but was described in 1903 by Samuel Wendell Williston as belonging to a pterosaur. This identification held through the 1970s, but has been abandoned. Recent summaries of pterosaur genera, such as Wellnhofer, 1991 and Glut, 2004 did not include it, and Mike Everhart, an authority on the rocks of the Western Interior Seaway (including the Kiowa Shale) identifies the bone as more likely the upper part of a plesiosaurian propodial (a limb bone).

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Uray (caste group)
Urāy (Nepali: उरे) (alternative names: Udaaya, Udās) is a Newar Buddhist merchant caste of Kathmandu in Nepal. They are a prominent community in the business and cultural life of Kathmandu. Urays have played key roles in the development of trade, industry, art, architecture, literature and Buddhism in Nepal and the Himalayan region.

The name Uray is said to have been derived from the Sanskrit term "upāsaka" which means "devout layman". The Uray follow Newar Buddhism and speak the Newar language as their mother tongue. They are believers in non-violence in personal relations and ritual practices.

Upāsaka
Upāsaka (masculine) or Upāsikā (feminine) are from the Sanskrit and Pāli words for "attendant". This is the title of followers of Buddhism (or, historically, of The Buddha) who are not monks, nuns, or novice monastics in a Buddhist order, and who undertake certain vows. In modern times they have a connotation of dedicated piety that is best suggested by terms such as "lay devotee" or "devout lay follower".
Fflorens Roch
The Hon. Fflorens Roch (12 Feb 1879 -18 March 1969) was an author and chief commissioner for Girl Guides in Wales. In 1916 she donated the Llanover Manuscripts (seventy-seven volumes of notes, transcripts and compositions by Iolo Morganwg) to the National Library of Wales. She was a recipient of the Silver Fish Award, the Girl Guide Association's highest adult honour, in 1922.

Catholic Truth Society
Catholic Truth Society (CTS) is a body that prints and publishes Catholic literature, including apologetics, prayerbooks, spiritual reading, and lives of saints. It is based in London, United Kingdom.

The CTS had been founded in 1868 by Cardinal Herbert Vaughan, but became defunct when he was made a bishop, since he no longer had time to devote to it. Some years later, others came up with the same idea and were directed to Vaughan, who suggested that they revive the defunct body.

Accordingly, the organisation was refounded on 5 November 1884, under the presidency of Cardinal Vaughan, with W. H. Cologan and James Britten, a layman and the principal spirit behind its refounding, serving as honorary secretaries.
Zone 70, Qatar
Zone 70 is a zone of the municipality of Al Daayen in the state of Qatar. The main districts recorded in the 2015 population census were Leabaib, Al Ebb, Jeryan Jenaihat, Al Kheesa, Rawdat Al Hamama, Wadi Al Wasaah, Al Sakhama, Al Masrouhiya, Wadi Lusail, Lusail, Umm Qarn, and Al Daayen.

Other districts which fall within its administrative boundaries are Al Rehayya, Qaryat Al Lusail Al Shamaliya, and Tenbek.

Rawdat Al Hamama
Rawdat Al Hamama (Arabic: روضة الحمام, romanized: Rawḑat al Hamama) is a Qatari village in the municipality of Al Daayen. It is located between two major highways: Al Khor Expressway and Al Shamal Road. The government has launched major developments in the village, including a housing subdivision with a target capacity of 30,000 residents.
1993 ECAC baseball tournament
The 1993 Eastern College Athletic Conference baseball tournament was held from May 19 through 23 at Municipal Stadium in Waterbury, Connecticut.  It matched teams from the Eastern College Athletic Conference, a loose arrangement of college baseball teams from the northeastern United States at the end of the 1993 NCAA Division I baseball season. The champion received an automatic bid to the 1993 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. Fordham won the championship.

Fordham Rams baseball
The Fordham Rams baseball team of Fordham University in New York City has been in existence since its first game played against the now-defunct St. Francis Xavier College in Manhattan, the first collegiate baseball game played with nine-man teams as today.

The team's 4,541 wins at the conclusion of the 2021 season are the most of any NCAA Division I baseball team. The Rams have reached six NCAA Tournaments, most recently in 2019.
Lupinus citrinus
Lupinus citrinus is a species of lupine known by the common names orange lupine, orangeflower lupine, and fragrant lupine. It is endemic to California, where it is known from a section of the Sierra Nevada foothills extending from Mariposa to Fresno Counties. This is an annual herb growing 10–60 centimetres (3.9–23.6 in) tall. Each palmate leaf is made up of 6 to 9 leaflets up to 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) long. The herbage is coated in tiny white hairs. The inflorescence bears several flowers, sometimes in whorls. Each flower is roughly a centimeter long and orange to yellow to white in color. The fruit is a legume pod 1 or 2 centimetres (0.79 in) long containing seeds which resemble "pieces of granite."

Mariposa County, California
37°35′N 119°55′W﻿ / ﻿37.58°N 119.91°W﻿ / 37.58; -119.91

Mariposa County (/ˌmærɪˈpoʊzə, -sə/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 17,131. The county seat is Mariposa. The county lies in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, north of Fresno, east of Merced, and southeast of Stockton. The eastern portion of the county encompasses the principal area of Yosemite National Park.

Mariposa County is one of only three counties in California that does not include any incorporated cities, along with Alpine and Trinity counties. The county includes 17 communities recognized as census-designated places for statistical purposes. It also has no permanent traffic signals anywhere within its borders.
Malt tax riots
The malt tax riots were a wave of protest against the extension of the English malt tax to Scotland. The riots began in Hamilton on 23 June 1725 and soon spread throughout the country. The fiercest protests, the Shawfield riots, were in Glasgow, but significant disturbances occurred in Edinburgh, Stirling, Dundee, Ayr, Elgin and Paisley.

The Lord Advocate, Robert Dundas, an opponent of the imposition of the malt tax on Scotland, published an anti-malt tax pamphlet and was sacked. General Wade was appointed to quell the protests and several rioters were killed or transported. However, the British government was forced to make concessions, and the riots led to the establishment of the Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries in 1727.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Boyarina Morozova (opera)
Boyarina Morozova (Боярыня Морозова) is a 2006 choral opera by Rodion Shchedrin based on his own libretto on the story of Boyarina Morozova (d.1675), from the account of archbishop Avvakum and inspired by the painting Boyarina Morozova by Vasily Surikov.

Boyaryna Morozova (painting)
Boyaryna Morozova is a painting by V. I. Surikov, measuring 304 by 587.5 cm, depicts a scene from the history of the church schism in the 17th century. After its debut at the 15th Travelling Exhibition in 1887, it was purchased for 25 thousand rubles for the Tretyakov Gallery, where it remains one of the main exhibits.
Berlin-Warszawa-Express
The Berlin-Warszawa-Express (BWE) is a cross-border train service that connects Berlin and Warsaw via Frankfurt (Oder), operated jointly by Deutsche Bahn (DB Fernverkehr) and Polish State Railways (PKP Intercity). The service, classed as EuroCity, runs four times per day in each direction, with the services given the numbers 40–47. Total journey time is 4 hours, 50 minutes.

PKP Intercity
PKP Intercity is the subsidiary of the PKP Group responsible for long-distance rail passenger transport in Poland. It operates around 350 trains daily, connecting large agglomerations and smaller towns in Poland. It offers its services under TLK, InterCity, Express Intercity and Express Intercity Premium brands. The company also provides most international rail connections to and from the country. In 2023, the company reported an 18.2% of market share in terms of total number of served passengers in the country.
Cofton railway station
Cofton railway station was a station in Cofton Hackett, Worcestershire, England. The station was opened as the temporary northern terminus during the construction of the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway, later reopening as a through station for two years.
See also entry for Croft Farm railway station.

Cofton Hackett
Cofton Hackett is a village and civil parish in the Bromsgrove District of north east Worcestershire, England. It is 10+1⁄4 miles (16.5 kilometres) southwest of the city centre of Birmingham and 16 miles (26 km) northeast of Worcester. In 2011, the village had a population of 1,893 but with housing development on the former Austin Rover site, this is expected to double over the five years to 2023.

The village is served by the 145/145A bus service between Longbridge and Droitwich/Wychbold, operated by Diamond Bus. The former 20A bus services, from Cofton Hackett to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital was withdrawn in June 2025.
Fort Lee High School
Fort Lee High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grade, located in Fort Lee, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Fort Lee School District. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1931.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,170 students and 87.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.5:1. There were 278 students (23.8% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 54 (4.6% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
S. M. Marikkar
Saidulla Musthajab Marikkar, commonly known as S. M. Marikkar, (born 12 January 1977) is a Sri Lankan politician and current member of Parliament for the Colombo District. He previously served as a provincial councilor for the Western Province. Marikkar was an electorate organiser for Kolonnawa in the 2015 presidential campaign of NDF candidate Maithripala Sirisena.

New Democratic Front (Sri Lanka)
The New Democratic Front (abbrv. NDF; Sinhala: නව ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී පෙරමුණ, romanized: Nawa Prajāthanthravādī Peramuna, Tamil: புதிய ஜனநாயக முன்னணி, romanized: Pudiya Jaṉanāyaka Muṉṉaṇi) is a political alliance in Sri Lanka. It was formed as a political party in 1995 after Srimani Athulathmudali, widow of assassinated politician Lalith Athulathmudali, split from the Democratic United National Front.

The party was originally named the Democratic United National Lalith Front, after the politician, until it was renamed in 2009. In 2010, 2015, and 2019, the party served as a political front for supporting Sri Lankan presidential candidates in presidential elections by the United National Party and its allies. In 2024, the party was relaunched as an alliance of MPs loyal to former president Ranil Wickremesinghe who had also supported the president in his unsuccessful reelection campaign. The alliance contested the 2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary elections and won six seats.