hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tower Butte
Tower Butte is a 5,287-foot (1,611 meter) elevation sandstone summit located south of Lake Powell, in northern Arizona. Tower Butte is a butte composed of Romana and Entrada Sandstones with a Morrison Formation caprock. It is situated 9 miles (14 km) northeast of the town of Page, and 7.5 miles (12.1 km) north of LeChee Rock, on Navajo Nation land, towering over 1,000 feet above the surrounding terrain as an iconic landmark of the area. Precipitation runoff from this feature drains into Lake Powell, which is part of the Colorado River drainage basin. The first ascent of Tower Butte was made October 23, 1994, by Jason Keith and David Insley. However, they were not the first to visit the summit as they reported finding litter from prior helicopter landings. An outfit operating out of Page flies helicopter sightseeing flights which land on the flat top of the butte where tourists have panoramic views of the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Lake Powell, and Navajo Mountain.

Caprock
Caprock or cap rock is a hard, resistant, and impermeable layer of rock that overlies and protects a layer of softer material. In petroleum geology the softer lower layer may be a reservoir of oil or natural gas.  The caprock acts similarly to the crust on a pie where the crust (caprock) prevents leakage of the soft filling (softer material). In landforms like mesas and buttes the caprock consists of sturdy erosion-resistant rock like granite or basalt that resists weathering more strongly than its supporting rock and results in differential erosion. It also influences hydrology by creating waterfalls and aquifers where the movement of water is restricted and channeled by the harder layers. As petroleum reservoirs caprocks are often buried under other layers of rock and protected from weathering, they can consist of softer materials like sandstone, limestone, and evaporites, as long as they are highly impermeable and resist the flow of hydrocarbons through them.
Wittlingen
Wittlingen (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪtlɪŋən] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Wittlige) is a municipality in the southwestern German state of Baden-Württemberg, part of the district Lörrach.

The coat of arms of Wittlingen was granted 1906 and shows the arms of Baden impaled by a plow iron as a symbol for the agricultural character of the town. The blazon is Or a Bend Gules impaling Azure a Plowshare Or point upwards.

Baden
Baden (/ˈbɑːdən/; German: [ˈbaːdn̩]) is a historical territory in southern Germany. In earlier times it was considered to be on both sides of the Upper Rhine, but since the Napoleonic Wars, it has been considered only East of the Rhine.
KSLO (AM)
KSLO  (1230 kHz)  is a Catholic AM radio station licensed to Opelousas, Louisiana, and serving the Lafayette metropolitan area. KSLO simulcasts the programming of KLFT 90.5 in Kaplan, Louisiana. KSLO is owned by Delta Media Corporation. KSLO's studios are located on Evangeline Thruway in Carencro, and its transmitter is located in Opelousas.

Kaplan, Louisiana
Kaplan is a city in Vermilion Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 4,600 at the 2010 census, and 4,345 at the 2020 population estimates program. It is part of the Abbeville micropolitan statistical area in Acadiana.
Bleak House Books
Bleak House Books was an imprint of Big Earth Publishing. Before being acquired by Big Earth in 2005, Bleak House began as an independent publisher, releasing its first book in 2001. Bleak House was a publisher of hardboiled/noir books with real type protagonists, focusing more upon the people in the novels and the way they live in the world.

Bleak House Books also kept a blog and produced podcasts in which various authors and other members of the publishing community were interviewed.

Apart from publishing the majority of its books simultaneously, available upon publication date in both hardcover and paperback, Bleak House Books also released limited collector's edition options called the "Evidence Collection" which included:

a police booking sheet complete with the author’s vital information

signature

fingerprint

date

colored endsheet

number (1-100)

Hardboiled
Hardboiled (or hard-boiled) fiction is a literary genre that shares some of its characters and settings with crime fiction (especially detective fiction and noir fiction). The genre's typical protagonist is a detective who battles the violence of organized crime that flourished during Prohibition in the United States (1920–1933) and its aftermath, while dealing with a legal system that has become as corrupt as the organized crime itself. Rendered cynical by this cycle of violence, the detectives of hardboiled fiction are often antiheroes. Notable hardboiled detectives include Dick Tracy, Philip Marlowe, Nick Charles, Mike Hammer, Sam Spade, Lew Archer, Slam Bradley, and The Continental Op.
Halzoun
Halzoun (Arabic:حلزون) is the local name of a buccopharyngeal infection occurring in Lebanon, probably caused by Linguatula serrata, a member of  pentastomida larvae. The parasite wanders into the throat of the human host after ingestion of infected raw liver or lymph nodes from sheep or goats. The word Halzoun means "Snail" in Arabic.

Halzoun is considered to be a form of infection with Fasciola, whereby ingestion of infected raw sheep and goat livers may result in the attachment of adult living worms by their suckers to the pharyngeal mucosa causing edema of the soft palate, pharynx and larynx. This edema is accompanied by dyspnea (shortness of breath) and occasionally asphyxia.
Other attributions include Dicrocoelium dendriticum or Fasciola hepatica.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
South Buck Shoals Township, Yadkin County, North Carolina
South Buck Shoals Township is one of twelve townships in Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. The township had a population of 1,293 according to the 2000 census.

Geographically, South Buck Shoals Township occupies 21.9 square miles (57 km2) in southwestern Yadkin County.  South Buck Shoals Township's western border is with Wilkes County and its southern border is with Iredell County.

36°04′25″N 80°49′16″W﻿ / ﻿36.073508°N 80.8211696°W﻿ / 36.073508; -80.8211696

Wilkes County, North Carolina
Wilkes County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is a part of the state's western mountain region. The population was 65,969 at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Wilkesboro, and its largest community is North Wilkesboro. Wilkes County comprises the North Wilkesboro, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Michael Wang (poker)
Michael Wang is a professional poker player, born in New Orleans, Louisiana, now living in Livingston, New Jersey. He learned to play poker as a teenager by mainly playing online. As of 2025, he has won three World Series of Poker bracelets and has career earnings exceeding $8,800,000.

World Series of Poker
The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Paradise, Nevada, and since 2004, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment. It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best-known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.

As of 2020, the WSOP consists of 101 events, with most major poker variants featured. Events traditionally take place during one day or over several consecutive days during the series in June and July.

The 2024 WSOP was held at the Horseshoe and Paris Las Vegas, and saw record-breaking attendance for the Main Event tournament. In August 2024, Caesars Entertainment announced it had sold the WSOP brand to GGPoker operator NSUS Group for $500 million.
Thomas Lang (cricketer)
Thomas William Lang (22 June 1854 – 30 May 1902(1902-05-30) (aged 47)) was an English first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a roundarm right-arm medium pace bowler who played from 1872 to 1875 for Oxford University Cricket Club and Gloucestershire County Cricket Club. Lang was born at Selkirk, Scotland.

Lang made 18 first-class appearances, scoring 303 runs @ 13.17 with the highest innings of 54, his sole half-century. He held 9 catches and took 76 wickets at 14.52 with a best analysis of 6–27. He took 10 wickets in a match on one occasion and five wickets in an innings on five other occasions.

Lang was educated at Loretto School, Clifton College and Balliol College, Oxford. He became a stockbroker. He died at Virginia Water, Surrey on 26 December 1894.

Five-wicket haul
In cricket, a five-wicket haul (also known as a "five–for" or "fifer") occurs when a bowler takes five or more wickets in a single innings, commonly abbreviated as 5wI. Taking five wickets is regarded as a notable achievement, equivalent to a century by a batter. In 2001, Glenn McGrath invented the tradition of a bowler raising the ball to the crowd at the completion of a five-wicket haul.

Taking a five-wicket haul at Lord's earns the bowler a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Winston Williams (cricketer)
Winston Anthony Williams (born 17 November 1952) is a former Kittitian cricketer who played for the Leeward Islands in West Indian domestic cricket. He was a wicket-keeper who batted right-handed.

A former Combined Islands under-19 player, Williams made his first-class debut for the Leewards in January 1976, playing in a friendly fixture against the Windward Islands. A few months later, he also played against the touring Indian team. Williams' other first-class appearances all came during the 1977–78 season – two against the Windward Islands, and one against the touring Australians. He also played two limited-overs fixtures during the season, against Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago in the 1977–78 Geddes Grant/Harrison Line Trophy. Williams' younger brother, Shirlon Williams, also played first-class cricket as a wicket-keeper, but the two never appeared together at that level.

Guyana national cricket team
The Guyana national cricket team is the representative first class cricket team of Guyana. The side does not take part in any international competitions, but rather in inter-regional competitions in the Caribbean, such as the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50), and the best players may be selected for the West Indies team, which plays international cricket and is the only team in the Americas with Test status. Guyana has participated in the South American Cricket Championship for some editions, but were represented by an overage "masters" team. The team competes under the franchise name Guyana Harpy Eagles.

Prominent cricketers who have played for Guyana include Devendra Bishoo, Basil Butcher, Shivnarine Chanderpaul, Colin Croft, Roy Fredericks, Lance Gibbs, Roger Harper, Carl Hooper, Leon Johnson, Alvin Kallicharran, Rohan Kanhai, Clive Lloyd, Veerasammy Permaul and Ramnaresh Sarwan.
Dalmanutha, South Africa
Dalmanutha is a railway station some 16 km east of Belfast, on the route between Pretoria and Maputo. Named after the farm, which in turn takes its name from a biblical town on the Sea of Galilee (Mark 8:10). The name is said to mean 'house of widowhood'. The area is known to the local inhabitants as Monometsi. A clash between the Bakoni and Matabele occurred here. It was also the scene of the last pitched battle of the Second Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) which took place from 25 August 1900.

Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake  or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel and the Golan Heights. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake in the world (after the Dead Sea, a salt lake), with its elevation fluctuating between 215 and 209 metres (705 and 686 ft) below sea level (depending on rainfall). It is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8 mi) wide. Its area is 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and its maximum depth is approximately 43 metres (141 ft). The lake is fed partly by underground springs, but its main source is the Jordan River, which flows through it from north to south with the outflow controlled by the Degania Dam.
Bassa Friulana
The Bassa Friulana is a low-lying and level area of Friuli, specifically the very southern part of the provinces of Pordenone, Udine and Gorizia in the north-eastern Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

It is well known for its beaches (such as those of Grado, Grado Pineta, Lignano Sabbiadoro, Lignano Pineta and Lignano Riviera), and for its lagoons (such as those of Grado and Marano Lagunare). There is a unique example of industrial archaeology at Torviscosa. Palmanova is a small Renaissance town shaped as a star. Monfalcone has important shipyards.

The Roman and medieval town of Aquileia is of great historical importance. In both Roman and present times, the Bassa Friulana was a highly productive farmland, but during the twelve centuries between the two periods, this land was depopulated.

Lignano Riviera
Lignano Riviera is a frazione of the city of Lignano Sabbiadoro, comune in the province of Udine, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of north-eastern Italy. It is one of the main summer resorts in northern Italy.
Pepe Jaramillo
Pepe Jaramillo (born José Jaramillo García; born October 27, 1921, Lerdo, Durango, Mexico; died April 30, 2001, Andalucía, Spain) was a notable Mexican pianist, composer, arranger, and recording artist. He was most active in London as an EMI recording artist in the 1960s and 1970s. Born in Lerdo, Durango, he began his professional music career playing in night clubs in Mexico City. Relocating to London, England, in his thirties, his many recordings and acclaimed concert appearances brought him international fame. At the age of 79, Jaramillo died of anemia in his sleep at his villa in Andalusia, Spain. Online, and within other sources, Jaramillo has often been confused with an Ecuadorean singer of the same name.

Angel Records
Angel Records was a record label founded by EMI in 1953. It specialised in classical music, but also included an occasional operetta or Broadway score, and one Peter Sellers comedy disc.  The famous Recording Angel trademark was used by the Gramophone Company, EMI and its affiliated companies from 1898. The label has been inactive since 2006, when it dissolved and reassigned its active artists and catalogue while retaining its recent catalogue to sister labels EMI Classics, Virgin Classics and Manhattan Records and its musical theatre artists and catalogue to another sister label, Capitol Records.
Chicken fat
Chicken fat is fat obtained (usually as a by-product) from chicken rendering and processing. Of the many animal-sourced substances, chicken fat is noted for being high in linoleic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid. Linoleic acid levels are between 17.9% and 22.8%. It is a common flavoring, additive or main component of chicken soup. It is often used in pet foods, and has been used in the production of biodiesel. One method of converting chicken fat into biodiesel is through a process called supercritical methanol treatment.

Rendering (animal products)
Rendering is any process that converts waste animal tissue into stable, usable materials. Rendering can refer to any processing of animal products into more useful materials, or, more narrowly, to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard or tallow. Rendering can be carried out on an industrial, farm, or kitchen scale. It can also be applied to non-animal products that are rendered down to pulp. The rendering process simultaneously dries the material and separates the fat from the bone and protein,  yielding a fat commodity and a protein meal.
Garmin-ASUS Nüvifone
The Garmin-ASUS Nüvifone is a discontinued line of Internet-enabled mobile phone and personal navigation devices manufactured by Garmin-ASUS partnership. It makes use of a touchscreen with virtual keyboards and buttons.

Virtual keyboard
A virtual keyboard is a software component that allows the input of characters without the need for physical keys. Interaction with a virtual keyboard happens mostly via a touchscreen interface, but can also take place in a different form when in virtual or augmented reality.
USS Manitou
The US Navy has operated three vessels named Manitou, after the Algonquian term for a holy spirit.

USS Fort Hindman, a steamship briefly named Manitou in 1863

USS Worcester (1866), a Contoocook-class sloop laid down as Manitou

USS Manito II, a patrol vessel which retained her civilian name

USS Worcester (1866)
USS Worcester was a Contoocook-class frigate of the United States Navy. She was laid down as Manitou during the American Civil War to deter British intervention in 1864, although timber shortages and a rushed construction delayed progress. Her first name, after a Native American term, was replaced by the more Anglo-sounding one as part of a new naming system. Renamed and launched in 1869, her design was criticized and unseasoned wood limited her service life. While intended as a sloop, modifications while under construction enlarged her armament and converted her into a frigate. She was rushed into service to carry humanitarian aid to France during the Franco-Prussian War, although most of the food did not reach where it was needed most. After the voyage, she served as the flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron between 1872 and 1875 before she was decommissioned the next year. By 1881, she was reduced to a hulk and condemned due to a rotted hull and sold off in 1883.
Next Libyan referendum
A constitutional referendum is to be held in Libya after the country's new constitution has been drawn up by a constituent assembly. The expected date for the publication of the constitution was December 2014, but this was delayed because of the ongoing conflict in the country. A General National Congress was elected in July 2012, originally charged with organising constituent assembly elections; however, the National Transitional Council decided that Libyans will instead directly elect the constituent assembly. The General National Congress came to agreement on 10 April 2013 that constituent assembly members will be elected.

The referendum was revived in early 2021 as Libyans agreed to hold it before the presidential and parliamentary elections. Despite the House of Representatives insisting that the referendum take place first, it eventually was delayed until after the Next Libyan presidential election.

2012 Libyan parliamentary election
Elections for a General National Congress (GNC) were held in Libya on 7 July 2012, having been postponed from 19 June. They were the first elections since the overthrow and death of longtime ruler Muammar Gaddafi a year earlier, the first free national elections since 1952, and only the second free national elections since Libya gained independence in 1951.

Once elected, the General National Congress was to appoint a Prime Minister and Cabinet. The GNC was originally to be charged with appointing a Constituent Assembly to draw up Libya's new constitution in an interim period of 18–22 months before a constitutional referendum and new elections on that basis, but the National Transitional Council (NTC) announced on 5 July that the Assembly would instead be directly elected at a later date.

Despite threats of a boycott, a majority of Libyans (61.58%) cast a ballot. However, the election was marred by violence, protests and a number of deaths.
Elmar Salumaa
Elmar Salumaa (15 December 1908 Vara Parish – 1 January 1996 Kilingi-Nõmme) was an Estonian theologian.

In 1935 he graduated from Tartu University in religion. From 1937 to 1940 and 1942 to 1944, he taught at Tartu University. From 1944 to 1945 he was a pastor at Laiuse Congregation. In 1945 he was arrested and until 1955 he was imprisoned. From 1956 to 1995 he was a professor at the Institute of Theology of the Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church. From 1969 to 1995 he was a pastor at Saarde Congregation.

Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.

Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian. Estonians can also be classified into subgroups according to dialects (e.g. Võros, Setos), although such divisions have become less pronounced due to internal migration and rapid urbanisation in Estonia in the 20th century.

There are approximately 1.1 million ethnic Estonians worldwide, with the majority of them residing in their native Estonia. Estonian diaspora communities formed primarily in Finland, the United States, Sweden, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Vern Valdez
Vernon Valdez Jr. (August 12, 1935 – June 26, 1981) was a professional American football defensive back in the American Football League for the Buffalo Bills (1961) and the Oakland Raiders (1962–1963).  He also played in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams in 1960. Valdez was a JC All-American at Antelope Valley Junior College, played quarterback at the University of San Diego, and was the quarterback for the Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego Devil Dogs in 1958 and 1959.

University of San Diego
The University of San Diego (USD) is a private Catholic research university in San Diego, California, United States. Chartered in 1949 as the independent San Diego College for Women and San Diego University (comprising the College for Men and School of Law), the two institutions merged in 1972.

The university includes the College of Arts and Sciences, Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Joan B. Kroc School of Peace Studies, Division of Professional and Continuing Education, Knauss School of Business, School of Law, School of Leadership and Education Services (SOLES), and the Shiley-Marcos School of Engineering.

USD has 89 undergraduate and graduate programs, and enrolls approximately 9,073 undergraduate, paralegal, graduate and law students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The San Diego Toreros compete in NCAA Division I (FCS) as a member of the West Coast Conference.
Ormea railway station
Ormea railway station (Italian: Stazione di Ormea) is the train station serving the comune of Ormea, in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. It is the junction terminus of the Ceva–Ormea.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), while the passenger building is managed by the comune. The station is served only by historic trains, in the service of tourism, on planned dates. The ordinary service has been suspended since 12 June 2012 following a decision of the Piedmont Region. Train services are operated by Fondazione FS Italiane and Trenitalia. Both companies are subsidiaries of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.