hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Randa railway station
Randa railway station (German: Bahnhof Randa, French: Gare de Randa) is a railway station in the municipality of Randa, in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is an intermediate stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Brig–Zermatt line and is served by local trains only.

Brig–Zermatt railway line
The Brig–Zermatt railway line is a metre gauge railway line in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Its 44-kilometre-long (27 mi) line links the communities of Brig and Visp in the Rhone Valley with Täsch and the car free holiday resort of Zermatt in the Mattertal. The line also forms part of the much travelled and admired route of the Glacier Express between St. Moritz and Zermatt. The Gornergratbahn (which was opened in 1898) is connected with the line at Zermatt.

The line was originally built by the Visp-Zermatt-Bahn (VZ), and opened between Visp and Zermatt in 1890–1891. The extension to Brig opened in 1930. The company was renamed the Brig-Visp-Zermatt-Bahn (BVZ) in 1961, and was later branded as BVZ Zermatt-Bahn. It merged with the Furka Oberalp Bahn (FO) in 2003 to form the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB).
Ṛe
Ṛe, also Aṛ, is a letter of the extended Arabic alphabet, based on rāʾ (ر) with the addition of a diacritical ṭāʾ (ط; historically four dots in a square pattern, e.g. ڙ) on top. It is not used in the Arabic alphabet itself, but is used to represent the word-medial and word-final retroflex flap [ɽ] in Urdu, Punjabi written in the Shahmukhi script, and Kashmiri. The small t̤oʾe diacritic is used to indicate a retroflex consonant in Urdu. Its Abjad value is considered to be 200. In Urdu, this letter may also be called rā-ye-musaqqalā ("heavy re") or rā-ye-hindiyā ("Indian re"). In Devanagari, this consonant is rendered using ‘ड़’ (‘ड’ with nuqta below).

Abjad
An abjad (/ˈæbdʒæd/ ⓘ; or abgad lit. 'alphabet') is a writing system in which only consonants are represented by letter signs, leaving the vowels to be inferred by the reader (unless represented otherwise, such as by diacritics). This contrasts with alphabets that provide graphemes for both consonants and vowels. The term was introduced in 1990 by Peter T. Daniels. Other terms for the same concept include partial phonemic script, segmentally linear defective phonographic script, consonantary, consonant writing, and consonantal alphabet.

Impure abjads, such as the Arabic and Hebrew scripts, represent vowels with either optional diacritics or a limited number of distinct vowel graphemes, or both.
Illy (rapper)
Alasdair David George Murray (born 6 September 1985), professionally known as Illy, is an Australian rapper from Frankston, Victoria. Illy first emerged onto the hip hop scene in 2009. He has released five studio albums and has won multiple ARIA Music Awards. Illy has performed at many Australian music festivals including headline spots at Groovin' the Moo, Splendour in the Grass, Spilt Milk and Yours and Owls.

Yours and Owls
Yours and Owls is a music booking company based in Wollongong, Australia. It organises the annual music festival of the same name, which began in 2014.

The brand was founded when university graduates Ben Tillman, Adam Smith and Balunn Jones opened up a coffee shop in Wollongong in 2010 that would regularly host live music. The trio opened up dive bar La La La's in 2019, which has become one of Wollongong's most popular music venues. Yours and Owls manages the music events of several venues on the east coast of Australia. In partnership with independent record store Music Farmers, the company also owns the record label Farmer and the Owl.

The Yours and Owls festival began in 2014 with a line-up including Hockey Dad and Sticky Fingers and a crowd of 2,000 people. The event's popularly rapidly grew in its first few years, and was predominantly hosted opposite the beach at Stuart Park, Wollongong. In 2025, the festival hosted 30,000 attendees.
Kate O'Connell
Katherine O'Connell (née Newman; born 3 January 1980) is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Bay South constituency from 2016 to 2020. During her time in the Dáil, O'Connell campaigned in favour of abortion rights as well as pushing for more funding for healthcare services in Ireland.

The Phoenix (magazine)
The Phoenix is an Irish political and current affairs magazine, established in 1983 by John Mulcahy. Sometimes compared to the British magazine Private Eye, the magazine has been edited by Paddy Prendeville since 1984. The publication is generally fortnightly, with a larger annual issue each December. The Phoenix "produces a fortnightly diet, humour, financial analysis, and news with an insider slant from the worlds of security, politics, media, arts, and law."
The Freedom of Speech (ICTV)
The Freedom of Speech is one of the first socio-political talk shows in Ukrainian television history, providing a platform for open public discourse. It has become a central venue for political debate and civic engagement, regularly featuring politicians, experts, journalists, and members of the public in discussions on current national and international issues. The program has earned a reputation as a key source of political commentary and analysis, and it is widely recognized as one of the most frequently cited television broadcasts in Ukraine. Its live format encourages spontaneous and often vigorous exchanges, reflecting a broad spectrum of viewpoints. The current presenter of the program is Vadym Karpyak. After the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the show "took a little rest," but went back on the air within the year.

Civic engagement
Civic engagement or civic participation is any individual or group activity addressing issues of public concern. Civic engagement includes communities working together or individuals working alone in both political and non-political actions to protect public values or make a change in a community. The goal of civic engagement is to address public concerns and improve the quality of community life.

Civic engagement is "a process in which people take collective action to address issues of public concern" and is "instrumental to democracy". Underrepresentation in government can lead to the concerns of minority, low-income, and younger populations being overlooked. In turn, issues for higher voting groups are addressed more frequently, causing more bills to be passed to fix these problems.
Felice Cervetti
Felice Cervetti (1718 in Turin – 1779)  was an Italian painter, mainly of religious paintings and history.

He is said to have trained with Sebastiano Conca. He painted a large canvas in the choir of the Parish church of Aglie, depicting the Madonna della Neve con Angelo offerente la Basilica romana di Santa Maria Maggiore.

Agliè
Agliè (Piedmontese: Ajé) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Turin.

Agliè borders the following municipalities: San Martino Canavese, Torre Canavese, Bairo, Vialfrè, Cuceglio, San Giorgio Canavese, and Ozegna.
JimJam
JimJam is an international children's preschool television channel operated by AMC Networks International Central and Northern Europe, which originally launched in Italy on Sky in 2006. It is currently available across Europe and Africa.

Sky Italia
Sky Italia S.r.l. is an Italian satellite television platform owned by the American media conglomerate Comcast. Sky Italia also broadcasts three national free-to-air television channels: TV8, Cielo, and Sky TG24.

Pay TV services on the Sky Italia satellite platform are broadcast on the Hot Bird satellites at 13.0°E and are encrypted in NDS VideoGuard.
Tahir Efendi Gjakova
Tahir Efendi Gjakova (1770–1850 or 1835), also known as Tahir Efendi Boshnjaku or The Great Efendi (Albanian: Efendiu i Madh), was an Albanian religious leader of the Yakova region in Kosovo, as well as one of the most known Albanian bejtexhinj. He lived and served as a clergyman in Yakova. The best known work from him, Emni Vehbije (The Offering) was published with Arabic alphabet in Istanbul in 1835. A reprint of it with Latin alphabet was done in 1907 in Sofia, Bulgaria.

Mullah
Mullah (/ˈmʌlə, ˈmʊlə, ˈmuːlə/) is an honorific title for Muslim clergy and Imams. The term is widely used in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India, and is also used for a man who has higher education in Islamic theology and sharia law.

The title has also been used in some Mizrahi, Iranian (Persian), Afghan, Bukharian, Kaifeng, and Sephardic Jewish communities in reference to the community's leadership, especially its religious leadership.
Emu Park, Queensland
Emu Park is a coastal town and locality on the Capricorn Coast located 21 kilometres (13 mi) south of Yeppoon in Queensland, Australia.  It is within the local government area of Shire of Livingstone (between 2008 and 2013, it was within the Rockhampton Region). In the 2021 census, the locality of Emu Park had a population of 2,281 people.

The Emu Park land area was explored by Lieutenant James Cook in 1770; it is commemorated by the Singing Ship Monument. Emu Park overlooks the islands of Keppel Bay, including Great Keppel Island.

Bendigo and Adelaide Bank
Bendigo and Adelaide Bank (trading as Bendigo Bank), is an Australian financial institution, operating primarily in retail banking. The company was formed by the merger of Bendigo Bank and Adelaide Bank in November 2007.

Prior to the merger, Bendigo Bank operated nearly 900 outlets across Australia, including over 160 company-owned branches, 220 community-owned Community Bank branches, 100 agencies, and 400 Elders outlets. The bank's branches were mainly located in Victoria and Queensland. Post-merger, the combined bank operates more than 400 branches, including 25 that were part of Adelaide Bank.

The bank's national headquarters are in Bendigo, Victoria with a major office in Adelaide, South Australia and regional offices in Docklands, Melbourne and Ipswich, Queensland.
Statue of Edward VII, Bengaluru
The statue of Edward VII in Bangalore is located at Queen's Park, next to Cubbon Park, Bangalore Cantonment, at the junction of Queen's Road and Cubbon Road. The statue was unveiled in November 1919 by the then Viceroy and Governor-General of India, Frederic John Napier, Baron Chelmsford. The statue was raised out of funds raised by the residents of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station. The Statue of King Edward VII is one of the few of the original statues which were installed in British India, to still stand at its original location. The statue rises above a flowering frangipani tree. On the other end of Queen's Park is the Statue of Queen Victoria, Bangalore. The statue was designed and sculpted by Leonard Jennings of Chelsea, London.

Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford
Frederic John Napier Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford (12 August 1868 – 1 April 1933), styled the Lord Chelmsford until 1921, was a British statesman. He served as Governor of Queensland from 1905 to 1909, Governor of New South Wales from 1909 to 1913, and Viceroy of India from 1916 to 1921, where he was responsible for the creation of the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms. After serving a short time as First Lord of the Admiralty in the government of Ramsay MacDonald, he was appointed the Agent-General for New South Wales by the government of Jack Lang before his retirement.
2023 Buenos Aires Grand Prix
The 2023 Buenos Aires Grand Prix (Spanish: 2023 Gran Premio de Buenos Aires, commercially titled Gran Premio de Buenos Aires Shell) was a motor race for Turismo Carretera held on the weekend of 18–20 August 2023. The event was held at the Autódromo Oscar y Juan Gálvez in Buenos Aires, Argentina and consisted of four races – three 'heats' of 30 kilometres, and a 'final' of 140 kilometres. It was the tenth round of fifteen in the 2023 Turismo Carretera championship.

Autódromo Oscar y Juan Gálvez
The Autódromo de Buenos Aires Oscar y Juan Gálvez is a 45,000 capacity motor racing circuit in Buenos Aires, Argentina built in 1952 under president Juan Perón, named Autódromo 17 de Octubre after the date of Loyalty Day until Perón's overthrow. It was later renamed after Argentinian racing driver brothers, Juan Gálvez (1916–1963) and Oscar Alfredo Gálvez (1913–1989).
The White Land
The White Land (Spanish: Las tierras blancas) is a 1959 Argentine drama film directed by Hugo del Carril and starring del Carril, Ricardo Trigo and Amanda Silva. It is based on a novel by Juan José Manauta. It is set in a poor village in Santiago del Estero Province in Northern Argentina, where the semi-desert climate gives much of the landscape a whitish appearance alluded to in the title.

Santiago del Estero Province
Santiago del Estero (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðel esˈteɾo]), also known simply as Santiago, is a province in the north of Argentina. Neighboring provinces, clockwise from the north, are Salta, Chaco, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Catamarca and Tucumán.
Shen Chunyao
Shen Chunyao (Chinese: 沈春耀; pinyin: Shěn Chūnyào; born May 1960) is a Chinese politician who has been the chairperson of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress since April 2017.

He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th National People's Congress. He was an alternate of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.  He was a representative of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

11th National People's Congress
The 11th National People's Congress (NPC) met for a 5-year term, from 2008 to 2013. It held five annual two week plenary sessions during this period.  It succeeded the 10th National People's Congress. There were 2,987 deputies elected to the 11th Congress in 2008,
Giacomo Bellacchi
Giacomo Bellacchi (1838–1924) was an Italian mathematician.

After graduating from Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, he became a teacher at a military school and at the Tuscan Technical Institute, where one of his pupils was Vito Volterra.

Over his career, he carried out research both in geometry and algebra. He wrote many works, among which the most prominent is probably Introduzione storica alla teoria delle funzioni ellittiche (Historical Introduction to Elliptic Function Theory), which became well known and was used worldwide. He also wrote many university textbooks.

The library of the Fondazione Scienza e Tecnica in Florence has named after him its precious collection of math books and works.

Vito Volterra
Vito Volterra KBE FRS(For) HFRSE (/voʊlˈtɛrə/, Italian: [ˈviːto volˈtɛrra]; 3 May 1860 – 11 October 1940) was an Italian mathematician and physicist, known for his contributions to mathematical biology and integral equations, being one of the founders of functional analysis.
Randeṇe Gāthā
The Randene Gāthā (Sinhala: රන්දෙණේ ගාථා), often referred to as the "Protective Verse of the Śarīra", is a Sri Lankan Buddhist chant from the chanting book known as the Piruwana Poth Wahanse traditionally recited for the purpose of opening and resealing iron chambers and for igniting the sandalwood funeral pyres.

Ratana Sutta
The Ratana Sutta (Burmese: ရတနာသုတ်) (Sinhala: රතන සූත්‍රය) is a Buddhist discourse (Pali: sutta) found in the Pali Canon's Sutta Nipata (Snp 2.1) and Khuddakapatha (Khp 7); with a parallel in the Mahavastu. In the Pali it is seventeen verses in length, and in the Sanskrit version nineteen. The Ratana Sutta extols the characteristics of the three ratana (Pali for "gem" or "jewel" or "treasure") in Buddhism: the Enlightened One (Buddha), the Teaching (Dhamma) and the noble community of disciples (ariya Sangha).
Thomas Hastings (priest)
Thomas Hastings  (1733-1794) was a clergyman in the Church of Ireland during the 18th century.

Hastings was educated at Trinity College, Dublin.  He was Precentor of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin from 1781 to 1785; and Archdeacon of Dublin from 1785 until his death.

St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Saint Patrick's Cathedral (Irish: Ard-Eaglais Naomh Pádraig) in Dublin, Ireland is the national cathedral of the Church of Ireland. Christ Church Cathedral, also a Church of Ireland cathedral in Dublin, is designated as the local cathedral of the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough.
Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.

Bose gas
An ideal Bose gas is a quantum-mechanical phase of matter, analogous to a classical ideal gas. It is composed of bosons, which have an integer value of spin and abide by Bose–Einstein statistics. The statistical mechanics of bosons were developed by Satyendra Nath Bose for a photon gas and extended to massive particles by Albert Einstein, who realized that an ideal gas of bosons would form a condensate at a low enough temperature, unlike a classical ideal gas. This condensate is known as a Bose–Einstein condensate.
Optical path
Optical path (OP) is the trajectory that a light ray follows as it propagates through an optical medium.
The geometrical optical-path length or simply geometrical path length (GPD) is the length of a segment in a given OP, i.e., the Euclidean distance integrated along a ray between any two points.
The mechanical length of an optical device can be reduced to less than the GPD by using folded optics. 
The optical path length in a homogeneous medium is the GPD multiplied by the refractive index of the medium.

Trajectory
A trajectory is the path an object takes through its motion over time. In classical mechanics, a trajectory is defined by Hamiltonian mechanics via canonical coordinates; hence, a complete trajectory is defined by position and momentum, simultaneously.

The object as a mass might be a projectile or a satellite. For example, it can be an orbit — the path of a planet, asteroid, or comet as it travels around a central mass.

In control theory, a trajectory is a time-ordered set of states of a dynamical system (see e.g. Poincaré map). In discrete mathematics, a trajectory is a sequence  of values calculated by the iterated application of a mapping  to an element  of its source.
HD 176871
HD 176871 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lyra, positioned near the southern constellation border with Vulpecula. This object has a blue-white hue and is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.69. It is located at a distance of approximately 790 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and has an absolute magnitude of −0.80. The star is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −20 km/s.

This is a normal B-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of B5V, which means it is generating energy via core hydrogen fusion. The star is around 11 million years old with 5.4 times the mass of the Sun and is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 268 km/s. It is radiating 233 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,540 K.

Stellar core
A stellar core is the extremely hot, dense region at the center of a star. For an ordinary main sequence star, the core region is the volume where the temperature and pressure conditions allow for energy production through thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This energy in turn counterbalances the mass of the star pressing inward; a process that self-maintains the conditions in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. The minimum temperature required for stellar hydrogen fusion exceeds 107 K (10 MK), while the density at the core of the Sun is over 100 g/cm3. The core is surrounded by the stellar envelope, which transports energy from the core to the stellar atmosphere where it is radiated away into space.
Bobby Gregg
Robert J. Gregg (born Robert Grego; April 30, 1936 – May 3, 2014) was an American musician who performed as a drummer and record producer. As a drum soloist and band leader he recorded one album and several singles, including one Top 40 single in the United States. But he is better known for his work as a drummer on several seminal 1960s songs, including Bob Dylan's "Like a Rolling Stone" and Simon and Garfunkel's "The Sound of Silence". He was also temporarily a member of the Hawks, which later became known as the Band.

Tom Wilson (music producer)
Thomas Blanchard Wilson Jr. (March 25, 1931 – September 6, 1978) was an American record producer. He is best known for his work in the 1960s with artists such as Bob Dylan, Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention, Simon & Garfunkel, the Velvet Underground, Cecil Taylor, Sun Ra, Eddie Harris, Nico, Eric Burdon and the Animals, the Blues Project, the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, and others.
Franjo Džidić
Franjo Džidić (31 August 1939 – 4 January 2025) was a Bosnian professional football manager and player. He is inscribed in Zrinjski Mostar history as the manager who won the club's first ever Bosnian Premier League title in the 2004–05 season.

First League of Herzeg-Bosnia
The First League of Herzeg-Bosnia (Croatian: Prva liga Herceg-Bosne) served as the top football league in Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia during the Bosnian War and post-war periods of the 1990s. During these years, football was divided along ethnic lines, with the Croat, Bosniak and Serb populations each running their own league. Because Bosniaks were the only group interested in a distinctly Bosnian-Herzegovinian league and national team, only their league was recognized by the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The league formed in 1993. In the 1997/1998 season, the top Croat teams began facing the top Bosniak teams for entrance to UEFA tournaments, something that had been denied the Herzeg-Bosnia league on its own. This setup lasted until the 2000/2001 season when the two leagues merged to form the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
2021–22 Maltese National Amateur League
The 2021–22 Maltese National Amateur League (referred to, for sponsorship reasons, as the BOV National Amateur League), was the third-level league football in Malta. This is the second season since the unification of both the Second and Third Divisions into the three-group Amateur League system. Żurrieq won the title by beating fellow group winners Attard in the championship final. The second-placed promotion play-off saw Marsaskala defeat Għargħur by 2 goals to 1 with Għargħur facing Mtarfa in the promotion play-off final. Mtarfa won all four of their post-league stage games, in the process winning the play-off final against Għargħur to win promotion to the Challenge League.

Bank of Valletta
Bank of Valletta plc (BOV) is a Maltese bank and financial services company headquartered in Santa Venera. It is the oldest established financial services provider in Malta and one of the largest. As of 2014, the bank had 44 branches, 6 regional business centres, a head office, and a wealth management arm located around the Maltese Islands. It has representative offices in the United Kingdom, Australia, Belgium and Italy.

BOV has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.