hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Summed-area table
A summed-area table is a data structure and algorithm for quickly and efficiently generating the sum of values in a rectangular subset of a grid. In the image processing domain, it is also known as an integral image. It was introduced to computer graphics in 1984 by Frank Crow for use with mipmaps. In computer vision it was popularized by Lewis and then given the name "integral image" and prominently used within the Viola–Jones object detection framework in 2001. Historically, this principle is very well known in the study of multi-dimensional probability distribution functions, namely in computing 2D (or ND) probabilities (area under the probability distribution) from the respective cumulative distribution functions.

Cumulative distribution function
In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable , or just distribution function of , evaluated at , is the probability that  will take a value less than or equal to .

Every probability distribution supported on the real numbers, discrete or "mixed" as well as continuous, is uniquely identified by a right-continuous monotone increasing function (a càdlàg function)  satisfying  and .

In the case of a scalar continuous distribution, it gives the area under the probability density function from negative infinity to . Cumulative distribution functions are also used to specify the distribution of multivariate random variables.
Marcoux, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Marcoux (French pronunciation: [maʁku]; Occitan: Marcòs) is a village and commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department of southeastern France.

The closest airport to Marcoux is Nice Airport (91 km).

Nice Côte d'Azur Airport
Nice Côte d'Azur Airport (IATA: NCE, ICAO: LFMN) is an international airport located 3.2 NM (5.9 km; 3.7 mi) southwest of Nice, in the Alpes-Maritimes department of France. It is the third busiest airport in France and serves as a focus city for Air France and an operating base for easyJet. In 2025, it handled 15,23 millions passengers. The airport is positioned 7 km (4 mi) west of the city centre, and is the principal port of arrival for passengers to the Côte d'Azur.

Due to its proximity to Monaco, which is located 20 km (12 mi) away to the northeast, it also serves as that city-state's airport, with helicopter service linking the principality and airport. Some airlines market Monaco as a destination via Nice Airport.
Norman Palmer (bishop)
Christianity portal

Norman Kitchener Palmer CMG MBE (2 October 1928 – 13 November 2008) was the eleventh Anglican Bishop of Melanesia and second Archbishop of the Province of Melanesia.

Palmer was educated at St John's College, Auckland and  ordained in 1966. His first post was as an Assistant Master and Chaplain at All Hallows’ School, Pawa, Melanesia. He was then Priest/Headmaster at Alanguala Primary and then St Nicholas Primary. From 1973 to 1975 he was Dean of St Barnabas when he became Bishop of Central Melanesia and ex officio Archbishop of Melanesia, posts he held until 1987. He was consecrated a bishop on 1 November 1975 at the Cathedral Church of St Barnabas, Honiara.

Cathedral Church of St Barnabas, Honiara
The St. Barnabas' Anglican Cathedral, Honiara is one of three Anglican cathedrals built in the Solomon Islands. The St. Luke's Cathedral was the first to be built in 1920s at Siota, Nggela but it was destroyed in World War II. The second was the All Saints Cathedral, a temporary structure built in the 1950s which was replaced by the St. Barnabas' Anglican Cathedral, Honiara, named after the St. Barnabas' Chapel and School on Norfolk Island, in the 1960s; the planning to build it started in 1961. The foundation stone for the new cathedral was laid on 6 January 1968 by Bishop Alfred Hill. A dedication service was held on 15 December 1968 which was attended by 1500 people. The cathedral was formally consecrated on 16 June 1969 when 2000 people attended the ceremony and it was dedicated by Bishops Chisholm and Alufurai.
Lord Falkland (locomotive)
Lord Falkland was the first steam locomotive to run in Bombay. It made its maiden run on 18 February 1852, fourteen months before the official opening of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (the company that operated it) on 16 April 1853, the beginning of rail transport in India.

It was named after the then Governor of Bombay, Lucius Cary, the tenth Lord Falkland. The locomotive was a tank engine presumably built by E.B.Wilson Foundry, the same foundry whose standard gauge loco Thomason first ran in Roorkee December 1851, during the construction of the Solani Aqueduct. A locomotive of the 0-6-0 configuration, it was primarily used for shunting wagons, later also for pulling first trial train run between Bombay and Tannah (now Thane) in November 1852.

Thane
Thane (Marathi: [ˈʈʰaːɳeː]; known as Thana until 1996) is a city in western India, in the state of Maharashtra. It neighbours Mumbai and is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. It is situated in the north-east of Salsette Island.

Thane serves as the headquarters of the Thane district and is located inside Thane taluka. It is the 15th most populous city in India, with a population of 1,890,000 according to the 2011 census.
Saša Farič
Saša Farič (born July 19, 1984 in Radomlje) is a Slovenian freestyle skier, specializing in ski cross and a former alpine skier.

Farič competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Slovenia. She placed 16th in the qualifying round in ski cross, to advance to the knockout stages. She finished second in her first round heat to advance to the quarterfinals. In that race, she finished in fourth, failing to advance.

As of April 2013, her best finish at the World Championships is 4th, in 2009.

Faric made her World Cup debut in November 2003. As of April 2013, she has two World Cup victories, the first coming in that debut race at Saas-Fee in 2003/04. She also has three other World Cup podium finishes. Her best World Cup overall finish in ski cross is 2nd, in 2007/08.

Ski cross
Ski cross is a skiing competition which incorporates terrain features traditionally found in freestyle skiing with courses which include big-air jumps and high-banked turns. In spite of the fact that it is a timed racing event, it is often considered a type of freestyle skiing. What sets ski cross apart from other alpine skiing disciplines is that it involves more than one skier racing down the course. Any intentional contact with other competitors like grabbing or any other forms of contact meant to give the competitor an advantage leads to disqualification.

Ski cross is a part of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. First organized in 1986, the world championship is now held every odd year. In 2010 the sport debuted as a part of the Winter Olympic Games and has been contested ever since. It was a part of the Winter X Games until 2012.
Theo van Gogh
Theo (or Theodore or Theodorus) van Gogh is the name of:

Theo van Gogh (art dealer) (1857–1891), Dutch art dealer and brother of the painter Vincent van Gogh

Theo van Gogh (film director) (1957–2004), Dutch film director and great-grandson of the art dealer

Theo van Gogh (film director)
Theodoor "Theo" van Gogh (Dutch: [ˈteːjoː vɑŋ ˈɣɔx]; 23 July 1957 – 2 November 2004) was a Dutch film director. He directed Submission: Part 1, a short film written by Somali writer and politician Ayaan Hirsi Ali, which criticised the treatment of women in Islam in strong terms. On 2 November 2004, he was murdered by Mohammed Bouyeri, a Dutch-Moroccan Islamist who objected to the film's message. The last film Van Gogh had completed before his murder, 06/05, was a fictional exploration of the assassination of Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn. It was released posthumously in December 2004, a month after Van Gogh's death, and two years after Fortuyn's death.
Ryan Confidential
Ryan Confidential is an Irish home-produced television programme which was broadcast on RTÉ One until 2010. It was presented by Gerry Ryan, until his unexpected death at the age of 53 on 30 April 2010. The programme was created by the producer David Blake Knox.

The format placed Ryan and celebrity guests in restaurants and hotels, designed to provide a more intimate setting than a studio. Ryan then interviewed his guests. The programme, commissioned by RTÉ's Entertainment Department, proved popular, and ran for eight seasons.

Intimate part
An intimate part, personal part, or private part, is a place on the human body which is customarily kept covered by clothing in public venues and conventional settings, as a matter of fashion and cultural norms. Depending on the culture, revealing these parts can be a legal or religious offense.
Funny Bones
Funny Bones is a 1995 comedy-drama film from Hollywood Pictures. It was written, directed and produced by Peter Chelsom, co-produced by Simon Fields, and co-written by Peter Flannery. The music score was by John Altman, and cinematography by Eduardo Serra. Funny Bones was released in the United States on 31 March 1995.

Set in Las Vegas and Blackpool, England, the film stars Oliver Platt, Jerry Lewis, Lee Evans, Leslie Caron, Richard Griffiths, Sadie Corre, Oliver Reed, George Carl, Freddie Davies and Ian McNeice. When the film was released in the United Kingdom, it reached #8 in the Top 10.

Eduardo Serra
Eduardo Martins Serra GOIH (2 October 1943 – 19 August 2025) was a Portuguese cinematographer who spent most of his career working in European film productions, mostly in French, Portuguese and British films, with frequent collaborations with directors Patrice Leconte and Claude Chabrol.

Serra is also known for his work on the M. Night Shyamalan film Unbreakable and the final two Harry Potter films, The Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and Part 2.
Ash Wednesday (poem)
Ash Wednesday (sometimes Ash-Wednesday) is a long poem written by T. S. Eliot during his 1927 conversion to Anglicanism.  Published in  1930, the poem deals with the struggle that ensues when one who has lacked faith in the past strives to move towards God.

Sometimes referred to as Eliot's "conversion poem", Ash-Wednesday, with a base of Dante's Purgatorio, is richly but ambiguously allusive and deals with the move from spiritual barrenness to hope for human salvation.  The style is different from his poetry which predates his conversion.  "Ash-Wednesday" and the poems that followed had a more casual, melodic, and contemplative method.

Many critics were "particularly enthusiastic concerning 'Ash-Wednesday'", while in other quarters it was not well received.  Among many of the more secular literati its groundwork of orthodox Christianity was discomfiting. Edwin Muir maintained that "'Ash-Wednesday' is one of the most moving poems he [Eliot] has written, and perhaps the most perfect."

Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir CBE (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was a Scottish poet, novelist and translator. Born on a farm in Deerness, a parish of Orkney, Scotland, he is remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry written in plain language and with few stylistic preoccupations.
Only Crime
Only Crime is an American melodic hardcore group formed by Good Riddance singer Russ Rankin and Bane guitarist Aaron Dalbec in 2003. The band plays melodic but hard-hitting punk rock that borrows heavily from early-1980s hardcore bands such as Black Flag.

Outbreak (band)
Outbreak is an American hardcore punk band from Maine. The group was founded in 2002 and has released two full-length albums, Failure on Bridge 9 and Outbreak on Think Fast! Records. The band has released several other EP's, splits, and singles, notably appearing on the Saw VI: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack in 2009, along with Hatebreed, Type O Negative, Suicide Silence, Every Time I Die, and others.
2010 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic
The 2010 Manitoba Lotteries Women's Curling Classic was held October 22–25, 2010 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was the second Grand Slam event of the 2010-11 curling season. The total purse was $C60,000. $15,000 went to the winning Chelsea Carey rink who defeated Cathy Overton-Clapham in the final. Carey's team thus qualifies to play in the 2010 Canada Cup of Curling

Cathy Overton-Clapham
Cathy Overton-Clapham (born Cathy Overton, July 19, 1969) nicknamed "Cathy O" is a Canadian curler. Overton-Clapham is one of Manitoba's most decorated female curlers, with one world championship, five national championships, and thirteen Scotties Tournament of Hearts appearances. In 2019, she began coaching in the United States, and currently coaches the Tabitha Peterson team.

In 2019, Overton-Clapham was named the fifth greatest Canadian curler in history in a TSN poll of broadcasters, reporters and top curlers.
Aspar (Numidian)
Aspar was a Numidian man who lived in the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE. He was sent by the Numidian king Jugurtha to the Mauretanian king Bocchus I in order to learn his plans, after it had become known that Bacchus had invited the Roman general Sulla to a conference. Aspar was, however, deceived, as Bocchus and Sulla both conspired to hold a series of sham meetings to feed false information to Aspar, who was told several misleading things about the true discussions with Sulla, while the pair met in secret at night.

Bocchus I
Bocchus, often referred to as Bocchus I for clarity, was king of Mauretania from c. 111 – 80 BCE. He was father-in-law to the Numidian king Jugurtha, with whom he initially allied against the Romans in the Jugurthine War, a lengthy and indecisive conflict.

King Bocchus eventually betrayed Jugurtha to the Romans in 105 BCE. Jugurtha was captured and imprisoned in Rome, while the Romans and Bocchus divided Jugurtha's Numidian kingdom between them.
Ulmus minor 'Sowerbyi'
The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Sowerbyi', commonly known as the Sowerby Elm,  was described (as Ulmus nitens var. sowerbyi Moss) by Moss in The Cambridge British Flora (1914). The tree, once referred to as the 'Norfolk Elm' by Smith, was commonly found in the hedgerows and woods of Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, and Huntingdonshire in the early 20th century before the advent of Dutch elm disease. Melville considered it a hybrid of 'Coritana'.

The tree was named for the botanical artist James Sowerby, who had illustrated it in English Botany, or Coloured Figures of British Plants (1863, figure T.2248), from a specimen collected in Essex c.1810 and now in the Borrer Herbarium at Kew.

Charles Edward Moss
Charles Edward Moss (February 7, 1870 Hyde, Cheshire, England – November 11, 1930 Johannesburg, South Africa), was an English-born South African botanist, the youngest son of a nonconformist minister, and the editor of the first two parts of The Cambridge British Flora published in 1914 and 1920. The Cambridge British Flora, under the editorship of Moss, was intended to be a ten-volume survey of the flora of Britain, with contributions by specialists in particular genera. After two volumes the project was abandoned.
Denis Gougeon
Denis Gougeon (born November 16, 1951) is a Canadian composer and music educator. His more than 80 compositions encompass a wide variety of genres, including orchestral works, chamber music, opera, ballet, and pieces for solo instruments and voice. Notable ensembles to have included his compositions in their performance repertoire include the Bavarian State Ballet, the Canadian Opera Company, the I Musici de Montréal Chamber Orchestra, Le Nouvel Ensemble Moderne, New Music America, the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, the Quebec Contemporary Music Society, and the Vancouver New Music Society.

Bayerisches Staatsballett
The Bavarian State Ballet (German: Bayerisches Staatsballett) is a professional ballet company in Munich, Germany. It was founded in 1988 by Konstanze Vernon as an independent company. The ballet had previously been part of the Bayerische Staatsoper. In a broader sense, Bavarian State Ballet is sometimes used for the Bavarian State Opera Ballet before 1988. Vernon was the director of the independent company for the first 10 years, succeeded by Ivan Liška. From 2016 to 2022, Igor Zelensky was director of the ballet. In 2022, Laurent Hilaire took over the ballet. The company is formed by international dancers and has a repertory of more than 80 works from Romantic ballet to the 21st century. It is considered as a leading company in Europe.
Happy Akhand
Happy Akhand (12 October 1960 – 28 December 1987) was a Bangladeshi rock singer and songwriter. He was one of the pioneering rock musicians in Bangladesh. He was the founding member of the rock band Miles. He is sometimes referred to as the Prince of Bangladeshi Music. His notable songs include the title "আবার এলো যে সন্ধ্যা (The Evening is Here Again)", "কে বাঁশি বাজায় রে? (Who's Playing the Flute?)" and more. He died on 28 December 1987, at the age of 27 years.

27 Club
The 27 Club is an informal list consisting mostly of popular musicians who died at age 27. Although the claim of a "statistical spike" for the death of musicians at that age has been refuted by scientific research, it remains a common cultural conception that the phenomenon exists, with many celebrities who die at 27 noted for their high-risk lifestyles.

The original basis for the notion was a cluster of prominent musicians' deaths at the age of 27 between 1969 and 1971, including Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin and Jim Morrison; but only after the death of Kurt Cobain in 1994 was the notion of a "club" established, and the death of Amy Winehouse in 2011 enhanced its prominence. Different write-ups include a number of other musicians and sometimes other celebrities.
Daelim University College
Daelim College (Korean: 대림대학교) is a private technical college in South Korea.  The college is located in the Dongan-gu district of Anyang City, Gyeonggi province, south of Seoul, and is just across the Anyang River from Anyang Station.

Gyeonggi Province
Gyeonggi Province (Korean: 경기도; RR: Gyeonggi-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea, and a third of the population of the Korean peninsula at the 2020 census.
2012 Open GDF Suez de Cagnes-sur-Mer Alpes-Maritimes – Doubles
Anna-Lena Grönefeld and Petra Martić were the defending champions, but both chose not to participate.

Alexandra Panova and Urszula Radwańska won the title defeating Katalin Marosi and Renata Voráčová in the final 7–5, 4–6, [10–6].

Alexandra Panova
Alexandra Alexandrovna Panova (Russian: Александра Александровна Панова; born 2 March 1989) is a Russian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She has a career-high  WTA doubles ranking of world No. 20 achieved on 8 September 2025. She peaked at No. 71 in singles on 30 July 2012.

She has won 11 doubles titles on the WTA Tour. On the ITF Women's Circuit, she won two of her 16 doubles titles with her older sister, Olga Panova.
St Nicholas' Church, Madrid
The Church of San Nicolás (Spanish: Iglesia de San Nicolás) also known as the church of Church of San Nicolas de Bari, or the Church of San Nicolas de los Servitas, is  a Catholic parish church in central Madrid, Spain.

The church dates back to medieval times, although it has been very altered over the centuries. The building was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1978. Its tower was already protected, having been declared a national monument in 1931.

It is one of the oldest churches in Madrid.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Polichno, Piotrków County
Polichno [pɔˈlixnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Wolbórz, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 45 km (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
Viktor Derbunov
Viktor Ivanovich Derbunov (Russian: Виктор Иванович Дербунов; born January 7, 1967) is a retired Russian professional football goalkeeper.

During his career he played with FC Dynamo Moscow, FC Krasnaya Presnya Moscow and FC Spartak Moscow in the Soviet League, FK Lokomotiva Mostar in Yugoslavia, FC Veres Rivne in Ukraine, F.C. Atlas in Mexico, Russian FC Rossiya Moscow and Happy Valley, Hong Kong Rangers FC and Golden in Hong-Kong.

FC Monolit Moscow
FC Monolit Moscow (Russian: «Монолит» (Москва)) was a Russian football team from Moscow. It played professionally from 1994 to 1998. Their best result was 21st place in the Russian Second Division zone West in 1998.
Géry Leuliet
Géry-Jacques-Charles Leuliet (12 January 1910 – 1 January 2015) was a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church and at the time of his death, was the oldest bishop of the Catholic Church, at 104 years of age.

Leuliet was born in France and was ordained to the priesthood on 8 July 1933 in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arras. He was appointed Bishop of Amiens on February 14, 1963, and received his episcopal consecration on 9 May 1963. Leuliet retired as the bishop's dean in France on 15 January 1985. Upon the death of Nguyen Van Thien on 13 May 2012 he became the oldest living Roman Catholic bishop. He died at age 104 on 1 January 2015.

Diocese of Arras
The Diocese of Arras (–Boulogne–Saint-Omer) (Latin: Dioecesis Atrebatensis (–Bononiena–Audomarensis); French: Diocèse d'Arras (–Boulogne–Saint-Omer)) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The episcopal see is the Arras Cathedral, in the city of Arras. The diocese encompasses all of the Department of Pas-de-Calais, in the Region of Hauts-de-France.

The most significant jurisdictional changes all occurred during the Napoleonic wars. From 1802 to 1841, the diocese was suffragan of the Archdiocese of Paris, shifting away from the Archdiocese of Cambrai, after Napoleon dissolved the massive Archdiocese. After the defeat of Napoleon, the Napoleonic Concordat united the diocese of Arras, diocese of Saint-Omer and diocese of Boulogne together in one much larger diocese. Unlike most of the other dioceses immediately restored, it was not until 1841 that the diocese returned as a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Cambrai.