hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Average crossing number
In the mathematical subject of knot theory, the average crossing number of a knot is the result of averaging over all directions the number of crossings in a knot diagram of the knot obtained by projection onto the plane orthogonal to the direction. The average crossing number is often seen in the context of physical knot theory.

Knot (mathematics)
In mathematics, a knot is an embedding of the circle (S1)  into three-dimensional Euclidean space, R3 (also known as E3).  Often two knots are considered equivalent if they are ambient isotopic, that is, if there exists a continuous deformation of R3 which takes one knot to the other.

A crucial difference between the standard mathematical and conventional notions of a knot is that mathematical knots are closed — there are no ends to tie or untie on a mathematical knot. Physical properties such as friction and thickness also do not apply, although there are mathematical definitions of a knot that take such properties into account. The term knot is also applied to embeddings of S j in Sn, especially in the case j = n − 2. The branch of mathematics that studies knots is known as knot theory and has many relations to graph theory.
Okano (surname)
Okano (written: 岡野) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eitaro Okano (岡野 栄太郎; born 1930), Japanese sprinter

Hideyuki Okano (岡野 栄之; born 1959), Japanese physiologist

Isao Okano (岡野 功; born 1944), Japanese judoka

Jun Okano (岡野 洵; born 1997), Japanese footballer

Okano Keijirō (岡野 敬次郎; 1865–1925), Japanese politician

Kōsuke Okano (岡野 浩介; born 1969), Japanese voice actor

Masayuki Okano (岡野 雅行; born 1972), Japanese footballer

Reiko Okano (岡野 玲子; born 1960), Japanese manga artist

Shunichiro Okano (岡野 俊一郎; 1931–2017), Japanese footballer and manager

Takeshi Okano (岡野 剛; born 1967), Japanese manga artist

Teiichi Okano (岡野 貞一; 1878–1941), Japanese composer

Tomoko Okano (岡野 知子; born 1979), Japanese volleyball player

Yūichirō Okano (岡野 祐一郎; born 1994), Japanese baseball player

Yuji Okano (born 1964), Japanese shot putter

Kōsuke Okano
Kōsuke Okano (岡野 浩介, Okano Kōsuke; born October 14, 1969) is a Japanese voice actor. He was born in Tokyo, and is often featured on Japanese anime television network ANIMAX as narrator along with fellow voice actor Yukari Tamura.
Grete Frederiksen
Grete Ortved Frederiksen (later Therkildsen, January 12, 1918 – September 5, 2007) was a Danish freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. She was born in Copenhagen. In 1936 she finished seventh in the 400 metre freestyle event.

Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre freestyle
The women's 400 metre freestyle was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event, which was established in 1924 after 1920 a 300 metre event was held. The competition was held from Thursday to Saturday, 13 to 15 August 1936.

Twenty swimmers from ten nations competed.
Sunil Roul
Sunil Roul (born 14 October 1998) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 10 January 2021, for Odisha in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. He made his List A debut on 8 December 2021, for Odisha in the 2021–22 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

Odisha cricket team
The Odisha cricket team (known as Orissa until 2011) is a domestic cricket team based in the Indian state of Odisha. It is in the elite group of the Ranji Trophy.

Its main home ground is Barabati Stadium in Cuttack. Home matches are also played at DRIEMS Ground in Cuttack, East Coast Railway Stadium and KIIT Cricket Stadium in Bhubaneswar, and Veer Surendra Sai Stadium in Sambalpur. The Odisha cricket team is selected and governed by the Odisha Cricket Association (OCA).
Buhay OFW
Buhay OFW (English: life of an OFW) is a Philippine television public affairs show broadcast by AksyonTV, 5 Plus and GMA News TV. Hosted by Marissa del Mar, it aired on AksyonTV from September 10, 2011 to January 12, 2019. The show moved to 5 Plus from January 19 to March 30, 2019 and GMA News TV as World Class Kababayan from July 27 to October 19, 2019. The program also featured government and non-government organizations who are charged with taking care of the concerns of OFWs such as labor and recruitment issues.

Television in the Philippines
Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now called ABS-CBN). This made the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second Asian country, to air television broadcasts. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students conducted academic experiments related to broadcasting.

From 1975 to 1978, the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS) presented the SINAG Awards.

The Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are presented annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC) after a voting by members of the press.

The Philippines does not operate any independent public broadcasting television networks. However, there are several government-owned networks.
Manohla Dargis
Manohla June Dargis (/məˈnoʊlə ˈdɑːrɡɪs/ mə-NOH-lə DAR-ghiss) is an American film critic. She is the chief film critic for The New York Times. She is a five-time finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism.

Flowers of Shanghai
Flowers of Shanghai is a 1998 drama film directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien. It is based on the novel The Sing-song Girls of Shanghai (1892) by Han Bangqing, which was originally written in the Wu language (吳語) and translated into Mandarin Chinese by Eileen Chang.

The film stars Tony Leung as a wealthy patron and Michiko Hada, Annie Shizuka Inoh, Shuan Fang, Jack Kao, Carina Lau, Rebecca Pan, Michelle Reis and Vicky Wei as "flower girls" in four high-end Shanghai brothels. It was voted the third best film of the 1990s in the Village Voice Film Poll conducted in 1999.

The film had its world premiere at the main competition of the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Palme d'Or. It was selected as the Taiwanese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 71st Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.
Leif Hoste
Leif Hoste (born 17 July 1977) is a retired Belgian professional road racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Professional Continental Team team Accent.jobs–Willems Veranda's. Born in Kortrijk, Hoste's career highlights included winning two stages and the overall title at the 2006 Three Days of De Panne, the 2001, 2006 and 2007 Belgian national time trial championships, and a second-place finish at the 2004, 2006 and 2007 one-day classic Tour of Flanders.

At the 2006 Paris–Roubaix, after finishing second, Hoste was disqualified by the race jury for illegally riding through a closed level crossing along with Peter Van Petegem and Vladimir Gusev (who were also disqualified).

On 29 March 2013, the Belgian cycling federation began a doping case against Hoste. On 13 July 2014 it was confirmed by the UCI that Hoste had been banned for two years until 29 December 2015 for biological passport irregularities.

Intermarché–Wanty
Intermarché–Wanty (UCI team code: IWA) is a Belgian professional road cycling team that competes as a UCI WorldTeam, the highest level in men's professional cycling. The team is sponsored by the French supermarket chain Intermarché and Belgian engineering firm Groupe Wanty.

Founded in 2008, the team spent over a decade competing in the UCI Continental Circuits and select UCI WorldTour events as a wildcard entrant. In September 2020, it acquired a WorldTeam licence from the disbanded CCC Pro Team, allowing it to compete full-time in the WorldTour from the 2021 season onward.
Yellowstone Christian College
Yellowstone Christian College (alternately known as Montana Christian College) is a four-year, confessional Christian liberal arts college with one campus in Kalispell, Montana. The college is affiliated with the Montana Southern Baptist Convention. Founded in 1974, it was called Yellowstone Baptist College until 2010. It was previously in Yellowstone County, adjacent to Billings. The college sold its former Billings area campus in 2021, and relocating to Kalispell in the same year.

Kalispell, Montana
Kalispell (/ˈkæləˌspɛl, ˌkæləˈspɛl/,  Montana Salish: Ql̓ispé, Kutenai language: Kqayaqawakⱡuʔnam) is a city in and the county seat of Flathead County, Montana, United States. The 2020 census put Kalispell's population at 24,558.  The latest estimates put the population at 31,296. Among cities in Montana, it is the 8th largest by area, 7th most populous, and 8th fastest growing from 2010 to 2020. In Montana's northwest region, it is the largest city and the commercial center of the Kalispell Micropolitan Statistical Area. The name Kalispell is a Salish word meaning "flat land above the lake".
Combined Egyptian Mills
Combined Egyptian Mills Ltd was a British textile joint-stock company established in 1929 with headquarters at Howe Bridge Mills in Atherton, then in Lancashire, to buy and return to profitability, 34 financially failing cotton mills owned by 16 companies.  It was at that time the world's second largest cotton spinning company with 3.2 million spindles. In 1953 the company name changed to Combined English Mills. Viyella took over company in the 1960s.

The mills were principally in the south Lancashire and Stockport areas, where Pear Mill, Bredbury was a notable building. The company took over Alder Mill, Bedford Mill, Firs Mills, Hall Lane Mill, Mather Lane Mill and Brooklands Mill (Mather Lane No 3 Mill) in Leigh. Howe Bridge Mills and Laburnum Mills in Atherton, Holden Mill at Astley Bridge in Bolton, Kearsley Mill in Kearsley and Walkden Mill in Walkden were also owned by the company.

Astley Bridge Mill
Astley Bridge Mill or Holden Mill is a former cotton mill in the district of Astley Bridge in Bolton, Greater Manchester, England, which has since been converted into an apartment building. Constructed in 1926 for Sir John Holden & Sons Ltd, it was the last cotton mill to be built in Bolton and is a Grade II listed building.
Christmas (surname)
Christmas is an uncommon English-language surname. The origin is uncertain; some genealogy books state that it was given to people born near Christmas, while this is disputed by researchers, and DNA tests performed on men with the surname show that the majority of those descend from a common ancestor. Others suggest it was given to people who organised Christmas festivities, or has a Norman origin. Most prominent in Southern England, various notable people from around the world have had the surname, and it has been given to a number of fictional characters. The William Faulkner character Joe Christmas, from Light in August, has a much-discussed name. The blood disorder Christmas disease or haemophilia B was first described in (and named for) a boy with the surname and is observed in other people of the name.

Factor IX
Factor IX (EC 3.4.21.22) is one of the serine proteases involved in coagulation; it belongs to peptidase family S1. Deficiency of this protein causes haemophilia B.

It was discovered in 1952 after a young boy named Stephen Christmas was found to be lacking this exact factor, leading to haemophilia. Coagulation factor IX is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Feminist activism in hip-hop
Feminist activism in hip hop is a feminist movement based by hip hop artists. The activism movement involves doing work in graffiti, break dancing, and hip hop music. Hip hop has a history of being a genre that sexually objectifies and disrespects women ranging from the usage of video vixens to explicit rap lyrics. Within the subcultures of graffiti and breakdancing, sexism is more evident through the lack of representation of women participants. In a genre notorious for its sexualization of women, feminist groups and individual artists who identify as feminists have sought to change the perception and commodification of women in hip hop. This is also rooted in cultural implications of misogyny in rap music.

Video vixen
A video vixen (also referred to as a hip hop honey or video girl) is a woman who models and appears in hip-hop-oriented music videos. The concept peaked in popularity from the 1990s to the early 2010s. Video vixens are often aspiring actors, singers, dancers, or professional models. Critics argue that the portrayal of women in these videos can contribute to negative stereotyping of women of color.
Conference House Park
40°30′11″N 74°15′11″W﻿ / ﻿40.50306°N 74.25306°W﻿ / 40.50306; -74.25306

Conference House Park is a park in Tottenville, Staten Island, New York City. The park is located along the Arthur Kill coast where the kill opens into Raritan Bay. It contains clay bluffs, part of the terminal moraine, formed when the Wisconsin Glacier receded 10,000 years ago. Ward's Point, the southernmost point in New York state, is in the park.

Arthur Kill
The Arthur Kill (sometimes referred to as the Staten Island Sound) is a tidal strait in the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary between Staten Island (also known as Richmond County), New York, and Union and Middlesex counties, New Jersey. It is a major navigational channel of the Port of New York and New Jersey.
Rowswell
Rowswell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brad Rowswell (born 1986), Australian politician

Garth Rowswell, Canadian politician

John Rowswell (1955–2010), Canadian politician

Rosey Rowswell (1884–1955), American radio sportscaster

Brad Rowswell
Brad Rowswell (born 1985) is an Australian politician. He has been a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly since November 2018, representing the seat of Sandringham. He currently serves as Shadow Minister for Education, Shadow Minister for Industrial Relations and Shadow Minister for Government Services.

He was for a time the Shadow Assistant Minister to the Leader of the Opposition and Secretary to the Shadow Cabinet; he was removed from this role on Matthew Guy's return to the Liberal Party leadership in September 2021.

Rowswell was Shadow Treasurer from December 2022 to January 2025 and was appointed Shadow Environment Minister.
Bucculatrix montana
Bucculatrix montana, the mountain bucculatrix, is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1920 and is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario, Nova Scotia, Indiana, Maryland, Virginia, Ohio, Michigan, Maine, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Georgia. It is known to use sweet gale as its host plant.

Myrica gale
Myrica gale is a species of flowering plant in the family Myricaceae native to cool temperate regions of Eurasia and North America. Common names include bog-myrtle, sweet gale, Dutch myrtle, and sweetgale.
Seedan
Seedan (Tamil: சீடன்) (English: Disciple) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language romantic fantasy drama film directed by Subramaniam Siva. The film stars Dhanush, Unni Mukundan and Ananya, while Sheela, Suhasini Mani Ratnam, Vivek, Ponvannan, and Ilavarasu appear in supporting roles.

The film, a remake of the 2002 Malayalam film, Nandanam, released on 25 February 2011 to mixed reviews. This film was dubbed in Telugu as Mahalakshmi.

Ilavarasu
Ilavarasu is an Indian actor and cinematographer who works in the Tamil film industry. He started his career as a cinematographer and worked for 13 films, winning a Tamil Nadu State Film Award for one of them. He later became known as an actor after appearing in pivotal roles in Bharathiraja's and Cheran's films. He starred in over 160 Tamil films, playing supporting, comedic, and antagonistic roles.
Emil Vogel
Emil Wilhelm Vogel (20 July 1894 – 1 October 1985) was a German general during World War II who commanded the XXXVI Mountain Corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves.

German Cross
The War Order of the German Cross (German: Der Kriegsorden Deutsches Kreuz), normally abbreviated to the German Cross or Deutsches Kreuz, was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 28 September 1941. It was awarded in two divisions: in gold for repeated acts of bravery or military leadership; and in silver for distinguished non-combat war service. The German Cross in Gold ranked higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, while the German Cross in Silver ranked higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords.
Make Believe Ballroom (film)
Make Believe Ballroom is a 1949 American musical romantic comedy directed by Joseph Santley and produced by Ted Richmond. It was loosely based on the radio program of the same name hosted by Martin Block and Al Jarvis. The film starred Jerome Courtland, Ruth Warrick, Ron Randell, Virginia Welles, and Jarvis.  The film featured musical icons of the era such as Jimmy Dorsey, Gene Krupa, and Charlie Barnet.

Jerome Courtland
Jerome Courtland (December 27, 1926 – March 1, 2012) was an American actor, director and producer. He acted in films in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, and in television in the 1950s and 1960s. Courtland also appeared on Broadway in the musical Flahooley in the early 1950s. He directed and produced television series in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. He served in the Pacific Theater of World War II.
The Gallant Hussar
The Gallant Hussar (German: Der fesche Husar) is a 1928 German-British romance film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Ivor Novello, Evelyn Holt, and Paul Hörbiger. It was based on a story by the Hungarian writer Arthur Bárdos and Margarete-Maria Langen.

The film was a co-production made under an agreement between Gainsborough Pictures and the German studio Felsom-Film and was shot in Berlin. After the passage of the Cinematograph Films Act 1927 by the British Parliament it was classified under the terms of the Act as a foreign film and only received a limited release in Britain. It is also known under the alternative title The Bold Dragoon. It is now considered a lost film.

Along with A South Sea Bubble (1928), the film marked a significant change in the role played by Novello. He had previously appeared as unsettled, outsider figures in films such as The Lodger, but from now on played more well-balanced romantic figures.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
1912 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1912 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the fourth staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board, which Ballincollig won 5–3 to 5–0 over Redmonds in the final.

Redmonds GAA
Redmonds Hurling and Football Club was a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the Tower Street area of Cork, Ireland. The club was affiliated to the Seandún Board and fielded teams in both hurling and Gaelic football.
Thomas Seitz
Thomas Seitz (born 8 October 1967 in Ettenheim) is a German lawyer and politician. He was member of the AfD from 2013 til March 31, 2024.

Since 2017 he has been a member of Bundestag.

Seitz grew up in Lahr in the Black Forest. He studied Law at Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg and University of Lausanne. He completed his legal clerkship at the Offenburg District Court. From 2008 until his election to the Bundestag, Seitz worked in Freiburg im Breisgau as a public prosecutor in the field of traffic law.

In 2010 he was a member of the right-wing party "Die Freiheit" ("German Freedom Party") for 10 months and became member of the AfD in spring 2013.

He left the AfD at the end of March 2024.

Offenburg
Offenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔfn̩ˌbʊʁk] ⓘ; "open borough" - coat of arms showing open gates; Low Alemmanic: Offäburg) is a city in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in south-western Germany. With nearly 60,000 inhabitants (2019), it is the largest city and the administrative capital of the Ortenaukreis.
Bank of Iwate
The Bank of Iwate, Limited (株式会社岩手銀行, Kabushiki-gaisha Iwate Ginkō) is a Japanese regional bank that is based out of Morioka, the capital of Iwate prefecture in the Tohoku region. The Morioka branch building, the site of the old Morioka Bank, is a historic landmark in the prefecture. The bank has branches in Sendai and Hachinohe; unfavorable business conditions forced the bank to close a branch in Sapporo.

Hachinohe
Hachinohe (八戸市, Hachinohe-shi) is a city located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2025, the city had an estimated population of 212,279 in 109,987 households, and a population density of 695 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,800/sq mi). As of October 2020, Hachinohe is Aomori Prefecture's second largest city by population. The city has a total area of 305.56 square kilometres (117.98 sq mi).
Oscar Scherer State Park
Oscar Scherer State Park is a Florida State Park located between Sarasota and Venice, near Osprey. The address is 1843 South Tamiami Trail. It receives more than 250,000 visitors a year. The park is home to habitat for various plants and animals including birds such as the Florida scrub jay and butterflies. It has areas for cycling, hiking, and paddle craft boating.

Venice, Florida
Venice is a city in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The city includes what locals call "Venice Island", a portion of the mainland that is accessed via bridges over the artificially created Intracoastal Waterway. The city is located in Southwest Florida. As of the 2020 Census, the city had a population of 25,463, up from 20,748 at the 2010 Census. Venice is part of the Sarasota metropolitan area.
Results of the 2006 Canadian federal election by riding
The following are the individual results for the 2006 Canadian federal election.

Abbreviations guide

(Ind.) - Independent

Minor parties:
(AAEVP) Animal Alliance Environment Voters Party of Canada
(CAP) - Canadian Action Party
(CHP) - Christian Heritage Party
(Comm.) - Communist Party
(FPNP) - First Peoples National Party of Canada
(Libert.) - Libertarian Party
(Mar.) - Marijuana Party
(M-L) - Marxist–Leninist Party
(PC) - Progressive Canadian Party
(WBP) - Western Block Party

Names in boldface type represent either Cabinet members or opposition party leaders.
Candidates' names are as registered with Elections Canada.
Vote totals are those validated by Elections Canada; media coverage is usually based on preliminary totals and often differs from the final numbers.

First Peoples National Party of Canada
The First Peoples National Party of Canada (FPNPC) was a federal political party in Canada.  Focused on Indigenous rights advocacy, it sought to increase the number of Indigenous people involved in the federal electoral process and engage the public on Indigenous issues, while it also nominated candidates for election in electoral districts with large Aboriginal populations. The party ran candidates in three federal elections between 2006 and 2011. The party was voluntarily deregistered by Elections Canada on July 5, 2013, with then-leader Will Morin asserting that the party's purpose had been supplanted by the emergence of the Idle No More activist movement.