hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1912 World Esperanto Congress
The VIII World Esperanto Congress in 1912 was organized on the 25th anniversary of the publication of the first textbook for learning Esperanto. It took place in Kraków from August 11 to 18, 1912. Ludwik Zamenhof, who participated in it, declared during the opening that he was resigning from the leadership of the movement and would attend the next congress as an ordinary Esperantist. The congress was attended by Esperantists from Europe, Asia, and America. The proceedings took place within 28 sections and plenary meetings. As part of the congress, accompanying events were organized, such as performances, lectures, excursions (to Wieliczka and Zakopane), and competitions. An exhibition of Esperanto publications was prepared in the building of the Academy of Commerce, and the opening and closing of the congress, plenary sessions, and a ball took place in the halls of the Helena Modrzejewska National Old Theatre, during which participants presented themselves in national costumes.

Antoni Grabowski
Antoni Grabowski (11 June 1857 – 4 July 1921) was a Polish chemical engineer, and an activist of the early Esperanto movement. His translations had an influential impact on the development of Esperanto into a language of literature.
Ben Sulsky
Benjamin Sulsky (born November 22, 1987) is an American professional poker player from Durham, New Hampshire. Sulsky plays under the aliases Sauce123 on PokerStars and Sauce1234 on Full Tilt Poker. He specializes in Pot Limit Omaha (PLO) and No-Limit hold'em (NLHE).

PokerStars
PokerStars is an online poker cardroom. It is the largest real money online poker site in the world, controlling over two-thirds of the total online poker market, and can be accessed through downloadable poker clients for Windows, macOS, Android and iOS.

A PokerStars.com online satellite tournament produced the 2003 World Series of Poker (WSOP) champion, Chris Moneymaker. As the first person to become a world champion by qualifying at an online poker site, Moneymaker's 2003 win was an important factor in catalyzing the poker boom of the mid-2000s. The press has called this the "Moneymaker effect."

PokerStars was part of The Stars Group until it was sold to Flutter Entertainment, owner of the Irish gambling company Paddy Power, on May 5, 2020.
2019 Copa Colsanitas – Doubles
Dalila Jakupović and Irina Khromacheva were the defending champions, but withdrew due to a left eye injury sustained by Jakupović.

Zoe Hives and Astra Sharma won the title, defeating Hayley Carter and Ena Shibahara in the final, 6–1, 6–2.

Astra Sharma
Astra Sharma (born 11 September 1995) is an Australian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of 84 in singles and 91 in doubles. Sharma has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour. In addition, she has won one singles title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as eight titles in singles and seven in doubles on the ITF Circuit.

In December 2017, she won the Australian Open Wildcard Playoff alongside Belinda Woolcock, their main-draw entry into the 2018 Australian Open.

At the 2019 Australian Open, she and fellow Australian John-Patrick Smith reached the final of the mixed-doubles competition after receiving a wildcard to enter the main draw.
Electronic-warfare aircraft
An electronic-warfare aircraft is a military aircraft equipped for electronic warfare (EW), that is, degrading the effectiveness of enemy radar and radio systems by using radar jamming and deception methods.

In 1943, British Avro Lancaster aircraft were equipped with chaff in order to blind enemy air defence radars. They were supplemented by specially-equipped aircraft flown by No. 100 Group RAF, which operated modified Halifaxes, Liberators and Fortresses carrying various jammers such as Carpet, Airborne Cigar, Mandrel, Jostle, and Piperack.

Electronic warfare
Electromagnetic warfare or electronic warfare (EW) is warfare involving the use of the electromagnetic spectrum (EM spectrum) or directed energy to control the spectrum, attack an enemy, or impede enemy operations. The purpose of electromagnetic warfare is to deny the opponent the advantage of—and ensure friendly unimpeded access to—the EM spectrum. Electromagnetic warfare can be applied from air, sea, land, or space by crewed and uncrewed systems and can target communication, radar, or other military and civilian assets.
British Neuroscience Association
The British Neuroscience Association (BNA) is a scientific society with around 2,500 members. Starting out as an informal gathering of scientists meeting at the Black Horse Public House in London to discuss brain-related topics (the 'London Black Horse Group'), on 23 February 1968 it was formerly established as the Brain Research Association, and subsequently relaunched as the British Neuroscience Association in 1997.

The BNA is the largest UK organisation of its kind, supporting and promoting neuroscience and neuroscientists.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Lawrence Experiment Station
The Lawrence Experiment Station, now known as the Senator William X. Wall Experiment Station, was the world's first trial station for drinking water purification and sewage treatment. It was established in 1887 in Lawrence, Massachusetts. A new, 22,000-square-foot (2,000 m2) building opened in 1954 at 37 Shattuck Street. In 1975, the station was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers. In 1993, the facility was renamed after state senator William X. Wall, who had lobbied for the construction of the new station in the 1950s.

American Society of Civil Engineers
The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) is a tax-exempt professional body founded in 1852 to represent members of the civil engineering profession worldwide. Headquartered in Reston, Virginia, it is the oldest national engineering society in the United States. Its constitution was based on the older Boston Society of Civil Engineers from 1848.

ASCE is dedicated to the advancement of the science and profession of civil engineering and the enhancement of human welfare through the activities of society members. It has more than 143,000 members in 177 countries. Its mission is to provide essential value to members, their careers, partners, and the public; facilitate the advancement of technology; encourage and provide the tools for lifelong learning; promote professionalism and the profession; develop and support civil engineers.
Nothing Matters (Jess & Matt song)
"Nothing Matters" is the debut single by Jess & Matt, the series seven third place-getters of The X Factor Australia. "Nothing Matters" was written by Anthony Egizii and David Musumeci of DNA Songs and Adam Argyle and would've been the duo's winning single. The song debuted at number 29 on the ARIA Singles Chart.

DNA Songs
DNA Songs is a songwriting and production company founded by Anthony Egizii and David Musumeci in Australia in 2004. They have worked with a variety of international and local artists including Ricky Martin, Geri Halliwell, The Veronicas, Guy Sebastian, Delta Goodrem, The Saturdays, Jessica Mauboy, Timomatic, Shannon Noll and many others. They have had seven No.1 singles in Australia with The Veronicas' "You Ruin Me" and "In My Blood", as well as Delta Goodrem's single "Wings", Reece Mastin's "Good Night" and "Shout It Out", Samantha Jade's "What You've Done to Me" and Dami Im's "Alive".

DNA Songs have also written numerous songs entered in the Eurovision Song Contest by Australia with "Sound of Silence" by Dami Im in 2016, "Don't Come Easy" by Isaiah Firebrace in 2017, "We Got Love" by Jessica Mauboy in 2018 and "Don't Break Me" by Montaigne in 2020.
Anil Ramdas
Anil Ramdas (Paramaribo, 16 February 1958 – Loenen aan de Vecht, 16 February 2012) was a Dutch-Surinamese columnist, correspondent, essayist, journalist, and TV and radio host. He was generally considered the V.S. Naipaul specialist of The Netherlands.

His work has been extensively studied by the author Karin Amatmoekrim.

In 1997 he was awarded the E. du Perron prize for all of his works.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Mucinivorans
Mucinivorans is an anaerobic bacterial genus from the family of Rikenellaceae with one known species (Mucinivorans hirudinis). Mucinivorans hirudinis has been isolated from the digestrive tract of the leech Hirudo verbana.

Hirudo verbana
Hirudo verbana is a species of leech.

Hirudo verbana has long been used as a medicinal leech under the species H. medicinalis, but has recently been recognized as a separate species distinct from the traditional or European medicinal leech of that name.
Kelebu
"Kelebu" is a song by Nigerian singer and rapper Rema. It was released as a single under Mavin Records and Jonzing World on August 1, 2025 as his third single of the year. The song was written by Rema alongside London, who serves alongside Ambezza as the song's co-producer.

Jonzing World
Jonzing World is a Nigerian record label and management company that was founded by a recording artist D'Prince on 22 March 2019. Jonzing World operates as a subsidiary of Jonzing World Entertainment. Other arms of the company include Jonzing World Publishing, Jonzing World Production, and Jonzing World Management. Jonzing services include music recording, music production, Music marketing, merchandising, audiovisual content, branding, management, and music distribution.

The label currently houses artists like Rema, Gdzilla, Glorious, and Bagetti. Artists formerly signed to the label include Ruger.
Upjohn's Triangle of Health
Upjohn's Triangle was a short-lived educational series of animations produced in the late 1960s and again in the late 1970s by The Walt Disney Company's educational media division and sponsored by the Upjohn pharmaceutical company. This series focused on health. This series is similar to the What Should I Do? series.

Upjohn
The Upjohn Company was an American pharmaceutical manufacturing firm (est. 1886) in Hastings, Michigan, by Dr. William E. Upjohn, an 1875 graduate of the University of Michigan medical school. The company was originally formed to make friable pills, specifically designed to crush easily, and thus be easier for patients to digest. Upjohn initially marketed the pills to doctors by sending them a wooden plank along with a rival’s pill and one of Upjohn’s, with instructions to try to hammer the pills into the plank.
Eleonora Bilotta
Eleonora Bilotta is an Italian researcher into complex systems and human–computer interaction, including educational entertainment, personal robots, and the use of chaos theory, cellular automata, and dynamical systems in the synthetic design of music and jewelry, especially focusing on the chaotic behavior of Chua's circuit.

Bilotta was born in 1958 in Catanzaro, in the Calabria region of Italy. She is employed as a professor of general psychology at the University of Calabria, where she also coordinates a course on complex systems, and co-directs a research group on evolutionary systems. Before joining the University of Calabria as a researcher and then professor, she was an instructor at the Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro.

With Pietro Pantano, she is the author of the books A Gallery of Chua Attractors (World Scientific, 2008) and Cellular Automata and Complex Systems: Methods for Modeling Biological Phenomena (IGI Global, 2010).

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Byron Dragway
Byron Dragway is a 1⁄4-mile (402-meter) dragstrip located in Byron, Illinois, United States, about 1.5 hours from Chicago (84 miles [135 km], straight-line distance). Although the track is 1⁄4-mile, it has timing for both 1⁄4-mile and 1⁄8-mile classes.

The dragway was opened in the 1960s, and at first it ran cars four abreast. However, that practice was discontinued. For that reason, Byron is a comparatively wide track. It is currently best known as the site of the World Power Wheel Standing Championships.

Byron Dragway is an NHRA track as of April, 2011.

Home Track of IHRA 2006 Summit Super Series No Box Champion John Coyle

Dragstrip
A dragstrip is a facility for conducting automobile and motorcycle acceleration events such as drag racing.  Although a quarter mile (1320 feet, 402 m) is the best known measure for a drag track, many tracks are eighth mile (201 m) tracks, and the premiere classes will run 1,000 foot (304.8 m) races. The race is begun from a standing start which allows three factors to affect the outcome of the race: reaction time, power/weight ratio, and traction.
2005 Lexus Cup
The 2005 Lexus Cup was the inaugural edition of the annual golf match competed by women representing Asia and an international squad. Each team was made up of twelve members. The competition took place at the Tanah Merah Country Club in Singapore from 9–11 December 2005. Lexus was he title sponsor while Rolex, DBS, Singapore Airlines, and Singapore Sports Council are main sponsors. The total purse was US$960,000, with $50,000 going to each member of the winning team and $30,000 to members of the other team.

The International team won solidly in the first annual event, 16 points to 8.

Tanah Merah, Singapore
Tanah Merah (IPA: /ˈtɑːnɑː ˌmeɪrɑː, -ˌmɛrɑː/, Jawi: تانه ميره, Chinese: 丹那美拉, Tamil: தானா மேரா), is a geographical region located along the south-eastern coast of the East Region of Singapore. Although its boundaries are not exactly clear, it is widely accepted that the term refers to the southern coast of present-day planning areas of Bedok, Tampines, Changi and Changi Bay.
Leonardo McNish
Leonardo McNish Christie (14 October 1946 – 4 December 2021) was a Guatemalan footballer who played as a defender for Malacateco, Marquense, Tipografía Nacional, Suchitepéquez, Municipal, Galcasa and Cobán Imperial, as well as the national team.

C.D. Marquense
Club Deportivo Marquense (Spanish pronunciation: [klˈub dˌepoɾtˈiβo maɾkˈɛnse]), or simply Marquense, is a Guatemalan professional football club based in San Marcos, Department of San Marcos. They compete in the Liga Guate, the top tier of Guatemalan football.

Their home venue is at the Estadio Marquesa de la Ensenada.
Deadly (franchise)
Deadly... is a strand of British wildlife documentary programming aimed principally at children and young people, which is broadcast on CBBC on BBC One and Two and on the CBBC Channel. It is presented by Steve Backshall, with Naomi Wilkinson as co-host on Live 'n Deadly, and Barney Harwood as co-host on Natural Born Hunters. The strand began with a single series called Deadly 60, and has subsequently expanded into a number of spin-offs, re-edits and follow-up versions.

Seothyra
Seothyra, commonly known as the buckspoor spiders, buck spoor spiders  or just spoor spiders, belong to a sand-dwelling, burrowing genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Eresidae. The 13 species are endemic to the arid, sandy flats and semistabilized red dunes of southern Africa. They are sexually dimorphic. The tiny males, which are seldom seen, imitate sugar ants or velvet ants in their appearance and habits, while the females hide in and hunt from their characteristic burrows. They are thermophilous, with males as well as females being most active on hot days.
Richard Mohr
Richard Mohr (June 13, 1919 – November 23, 2002) was one of RCA Victor’s most prominent producers of classical and operatic music recordings from 1943 through 1977. His producing credits included  recording the casts of the world premieres of Samuel Barber's Vanessa and Gian Carlo Menotti's Amahl and the Night Visitors, as well as the first LP recordings of Ernani, Luisa Miller and Lucrezia Borgia and three versions each of Rigoletto, Aida, La Traviata and Il Trovatore. Mohr was born in Springfield, Ohio, and died in West Milford, New Jersey

Lucrezia Borgia (opera)
Lucrezia Borgia is a melodramatic opera in a prologue and two acts by Gaetano Donizetti. Felice Romani wrote the Italian libretto after the play Lucrezia Borgia by Victor Hugo, in its turn after the legend of Lucrezia Borgia. Lucrezia Borgia was first performed on 26 December 1833 at La Scala, Milan.
Madonna and Child with Two Saints (Gentile da Fabriano)
Madonna and Child with Two Saints or Madonna and Child in Glory between Saint Francis and Saint Clare is a c.1390–1395 tempera and gold on panel painting by the Italian artist Gentile da Fabriano, now in the Pinacoteca Malaspina in Pavia. It is one of the earliest surviving works attributed to the artist.

It probably originated in the Santa Chiara la Reale monastery in Pavia, founded as a Franciscan house in 1380 by Bianca of Savoy. The gold-working is highly influenced by that of Giovannino de' Grassi.

Visconti Castle (Pavia)
The Visconti Castle of Pavia (Italian: Castello Visconteo di Pavia) is a medieval castle in Pavia, Lombardy, Northern Italy. It was built after 1360 in a few years by Galeazzo II Visconti, Lord of Milan, and used as a sovereign residence by him and his son Gian Galeazzo, first duke of Milan. Its wide dimensions induced Petrarch, who visited Pavia in the fall of 1365, to call it "an enormous palace in the citadel, a truly remarkable and costly structure". Adjacent to the castle, the Visconti created a vast walled park that reached the Certosa di Pavia, a Carthusian monastery founded in 1396 by the Visconti as well and located about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the north.

In the 16th century, an artillery attack on Pavia destroyed a wing and two towers of the castle. The frescos that entirely decorated the castle rooms are today almost completely lost. The castle had been the seat of the Visconti Library until its transfer to Paris in 1499. Today, it hosts the Pavia Civic Museums.
Toby (surname)
Toby is the surname of:

Allira Toby, Australian footballer

Arthur Toby (1903–1984), Australian rugby union and rugby league player

Darren Toby (born 1982), Trinidadian footballer in the United States

Frederick Toby (1888–1963), Australian cricketer

Gabriel Toby, Nigerian politician and economist,  Deputy Governor of Rivers State from 1999 to 2007

Joseph Toby (born 1989), Sierra Leonean-American soccer player

Ronald Toby (born 1942), American historian, academic, writer and Japanologist

Ryan Toby (born 1978), American soul singer, songwriter, producer and actor

Gabriel Toby
Gabriel Tamunobiebere George Toby is a Nigerian politician of the People's Democratic Party, an economist and a former civil servant who served as Deputy Governor of Rivers State under Governor Peter Odili from 1999 to 2007.
Karaköprü
Karaköprü (Kurdish: Pira Reş) is a municipality and district of Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,222 km2, and its population is 265,035 (2022). The district Karaköprü was created at the 2013 reorganisation from part of the former central district of Şanlıurfa Province, along with the new districts Eyyübiye and Haliliye. It covers the northern part of the agglomeration of Şanlıurfa and the adjacent countryside. Its eponymous city center is slightly north from central Urfa. In the local elections of March 2019, Metin Baydilli was elected Mayor of Karaköprü. The current Kaymakam is Yakup Kılınçoğlu.

2013 Turkish local government reorganisation
Municipalities (Turkish: belediyeler)  are the basic units of local government in Turkey.  According to the Turkish Statistical Institute the population of Turkey was 76,667,864 as of 31 December 2013. The majority of the population live in settlements with municipalities.  The number of municipalities in Turkey was 2,947 in 2009.  But in 2013, most of the small town (Turkish: belde) municipalities were merged to district (Turkish: ilçe) municipalities by the Act 6360 which came into effect at the 2014 local elections sharply decreased the number of municipalities to 1,394.
Buck Creek (Kent County, Michigan)
42°54′37″N 85°46′41″W﻿ / ﻿42.910304°N 85.7780891°W﻿ / 42.910304; -85.7780891Buck Creek is a 20.3-mile-long (32.7 km) tributary of the Grand River in Kent and Allegan counties in the U.S. state of Michigan. It rises in northern Allegan County in Byron and Gaines townships, and flows through the cities of Kentwood and Wyoming as an urban stream to enter the Grand River in Grandville. The Grand River is a tributary of Lake Michigan.

Kentwood, Michigan
Kentwood is a city in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 54,304 as of the 2020 census. The city is bordered on the northwest by Grand Rapids and is the third most-populated municipality in the Grand Rapids metropolitan area.
Gøril Snorroeggen
Gøril Snorroeggen (born 15 February 1985) is a former Norwegian handball player, who played for Byåsen and Esbjerg. She comes from an athletic family; her father was active in orienteering and her mother has played for Byåsen I.L., the team in which her elder sister, Marte Snorroeggen also has played for.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Antoņina Ņenaševa
Antonina Nenaševa (born 17 July 1988) is a Latvian politician, educator. Currently a member of the 14th Saeima (Parliament), she serves on the Education, Culture and Science Commission and is a member of the Saeima Presidium. Member of the Board and founder of the Progressive Party.

A. Nenaševa has been a member of the Riga City Council, Co-chair of The Progressive, a teacher of social sciences and economics and a lecturer of political science at Riga Stradiņš University.

Politics of Latvia
The politics of Latvia takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the prime minister is the head of government, and of a  multi-party system. The President holds a primarily ceremonial role as Head of State. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament, the Saeima. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Latvia a "flawed democracy" in 2022.