hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drozdówko, Gryfice County
Drozdówko [drɔzˈdufkɔ] (German: Krähenkrug) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Karnice, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Karnice, 18 km (11 mi) north of Gryfice, and 81 km (50 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gryfice County
Gryfice County (Polish: powiat gryficki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Gryfice, which lies 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Trzebiatów, lying 17 km (11 mi) north of Gryfice, and Płoty, 13 km (8 mi) south of Gryfice.

The county covers an area of 1,018.19 square kilometres (393.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 60,773, out of which the population of Gryfice is 16,702, that of Trzebiatów is 10,113, that of Płoty is 4,142, and the rural population is 29,816.
Arkansas Stars
The Arkansas Stars were a professional Indoor football team based out of Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States. They would play their home games at Randal Tyson Track Center on the University of Arkansas campus.  The team was a 2006 expansion member of the National Indoor Football League.

Notable players include receiver Darrian Chestnut and defensive tackle Chris Charles (who weighs 467 pounds).
Also, their clutch kicker Stephen Arnold. Arnold joined the team after three games and made an immediate impact by nailing the game winning extra point in overtime of his first game to give the Stars their first franchise win.

The team had announced their move into the United Indoor Football in 2007, then were linked to the NAIFL, when the UIF and NAIFL announced their merger.  When the NAIFL decided not to begin operations, Stars management announced that they would join the UIF and would play in 2007.

Fayetteville, Arkansas
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil) is a city in Washington County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. The population was 93,949 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 103,134 in 2024, making it the second-most populous city in Arkansas and the most populous city in Northwest Arkansas. Fayetteville is on the outskirts of the Boston Mountains, within the Ozarks. It is included in the three-county Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area, with 546,725 residents in 2020.

Fayetteville was named after Fayetteville, Tennessee, from which many settlers had come, and was incorporated on November 3, 1836. It is home to the University of Arkansas, the state's flagship university.  When classes are in session, thousands of students on campus change up the pace of the city. Thousands of Arkansas Razorbacks alumni and fans travel to Fayetteville to attend football, basketball, and baseball games.
Bianca Erwee
Bianca Erwee (born 4 March 1990) is a retired South African heptathlete who saw success on the continental level.

She won the bronze medals at the 2012 and 2014 African Championships and finished tenth at the 2013 Summer Universiade.

Her personal best score was 5715 points, achieved in March 2013 in Germiston.

Heptathlon
A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events. The name derives from the Greek ἑπτά (hepta, meaning "seven") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "competition"). A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the men's and the women's heptathlon – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is currently held indoors, contested at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The women's heptathlon is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984. It is currently contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships.
Harvard Mark IV
The Harvard Mark IV was an electronic stored-program computer built by Harvard University under the supervision of Howard Aiken for the United States Air Force. The computer was completed in 1952. It stayed at Harvard, where the Air Force used it extensively.

The Mark IV was all electronic.  The Mark IV used a magnetic drum and had 200 registers of ferrite magnetic-core memory (one of the first computers to do so). It separated the storage of data and instructions in what is now sometimes referred to as the Harvard architecture although that term was not coined until the 1970s (in the context of microcontrollers).

Drum memory
Drum memory was a magnetic data storage device invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria.  Drums were widely used in the 1950s and into the 1960s as computer memory.

Many early computers, called drum computers or drum machines, used drum memory as the main working memory of the computer.  Some drums were also used as secondary storage as for example various IBM drum storage drives, and the UNIVAC Flying head and FASTRAND series of drums.

Drums were displaced as primary computer memory by magnetic core memory, which offered a better balance of size, speed, cost, reliability and potential for further improvements.  Drums were then replaced by hard disk drives for secondary storage, which were both less expensive and offered denser storage. The manufacturing of drums ceased in the 1970s.
Snitzer
Snitzer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Snitzer (born 1962), American saxophonist, composer and arranger

Herb Snitzer (1932–2022), American photographer

James G. Snitzer (1925–1945), American actor

Miriam Snitzer (1922–1933), American actress

Herb Snitzer
Herb Snitzer (né Herbert D. Snitzer; November 1932 – December 31, 2022) was an American photographer who photographed jazz musicians in the 1950s and 1960s. He lived in St. Petersburg, Florida and opened his own gallery in 2014. His work has been shown in solo exhibitions at the Florida Museum of Photographic Arts, Museum of Fine Arts (St. Petersburg, Florida) and the William Breman Jewish Heritage & Holocaust Museum.

Snitzer died from complications of Parkinson's disease on December 31, 2022, at the age of 90.
1988 Rye Brook Open – Doubles
Lloyd Bourne and Jeff Klaparda were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.

Andrew Castle and Tim Wilkison won the title, defeating Jeremy Bates and Michael Mortensen 4–6, 7–5, 7–6 in the final.

Michael Mortensen
Michael Mortensen (born 12 March 1961) is a former professional tennis player from Denmark.

Mortensen achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 34 in 1988 and a career-high singles ranking of world No. 301 in 1984. He won five ATP doubles titles.

Mortensen participated in 22 Davis Cup ties for Denmark from 1979 to 1990, posting an 11–13 record in doubles and a 12–14 record in singles.

Mortensen later became a coach. He was the captain of the Denmark Fed Cup team in 2011 competing for 2011 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I. Among players he coached was the WTA top-5 player and Chinese No. 1 Li Na, who won the 2011 French Open Women's Singles title under Mortensen.
Nasion
The nasion  (UK: /ˈneɪziən/ NAY-zee-ən, US: /ˈneɪziɒn/ NAY-zee-on) is the most anterior point of the frontonasal suture that joins the nasal part of the frontal bone and the nasal bones. It marks the midpoint at the intersection of the frontonasal suture with the internasal suture joining the nasal bones. It is  visible on the face as a distinctly depressed area directly between the eyes, just superior to the bridge of the nose. It is a cephalometric landmark that is just below the glabella.

Nasal bridge
The nasal bridge is the upper part of the nose, where the nasal bones and surrounding soft tissues provide structural support. While commonly discussed in human anatomy, nasal bridges exist in various forms across many vertebrates, particularly mammals. The shape, size, and function of the nasal bridge are influenced by evolutionary adaptations, playing a key role in respiration, sense of smell, and thermoregulation.
Richard Hare, Viscount Ennismore
Colonel Richard Lysaght Hare, Viscount Ennismore (20 March 1773 – 24 September 1827) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Ennismore was the son of William Hare, 1st Earl of Listowel, and Mary, the only daughter of Henry Wrixon of Ballygiblin. He sat in the Irish House of Commons as the Member of Parliament for Athy alongside his father from 1798 until the seat's disenfranchisement under the Acts of Union 1800. He subsequently represented County Cork in the UK Parliament as a Tory from 1812 to 1827.

He married Hon. Catherine Dillon, eldest daughter of Robert Dillon, 1st Baron Clonbrock, on 10 June 1797, and together they had seven children. Styled The Honourable from 1800, he assumed the courtesy title Viscount Ennismore when his father was made Earl of Listowel in 1822. Ennismore predeceased his father, dying in 1827, meaning his father's titles were inherited by his eldest son, William Hare, 2nd Earl of Listowel.

Robert Dillon, 1st Baron Clonbrock
Robert Dillon, 1st Baron Clonbrock PC (27 February 1754 – 22 July 1795), was an Irish politician.

Dillon was the son of Luke Dillon and Bridget Kelly, daughter of John Kelly. His grandfather Robert Dillon had represented Dungarvan in the Irish House of Commons. Dillon was himself returned to the Irish Parliament for Lanesborough in 1776, a seat he held until 1790, when he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Clonbrock, of Clonbrock in the County of Galway. He was appointed an Irish Privy Counsellor in 1795, but died before he could be sworn in.

Lord Clonbrock married Letitia Greene, daughter of John Greene, of Old Abbey, County Limerick, in 1776. He died at Clonbrock, County Galway, in July 1795, aged 41, and was succeeded in the barony by his son, Luke.
Nipponobythus dolharubang
Nipponobythus dolharubang is a species of ant-loving beetle in the family Staphylinidae.

This species of beetle was first described in 1992 as Machulkaia dolharubang by Shūhei Nomura & Chang Eon Lee.

The species is endemic to Korea, where it has been found on Jeju-do.

Rove beetle
The rove beetles are a family (Staphylinidae) of beetles, primarily distinguished by their short elytra (wing covers) that typically leave more than half of their abdominal segments exposed. With over 66,000 species in thousands of genera, the group is one of the largest families in the beetle order, and one of the largest families of organisms. It is an ancient group that first appeared during the Middle Jurassic based on definitive records of fossilized rove beetles, with the Late Triassic taxon Leehermania more likely belonging to Myxophaga. They are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of beetles, and commonly encountered in terrestrial ecosystems.

One well-known species is the devil's coach-horse beetle (Ocypus olens). For some other species, see list of British rove beetles.

The family was first described in 1802 by Pierre André Latreille.
Pottawatomi River
The Pottawatomi River is a river in the municipalities of Owen Sound and Georgian Bluffs, Grey County in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and empties into Owen Sound, an inlet of Georgian Bay on Lake Huron, at Owen Sound Harbour.

Grey County
Grey County is a county in the province of Ontario. The county is located in the Southwestern Ontario region, and is a part of the Georgian Triangle. At the time of the 2021 Canadian census the population of the county was 100,905. Owen Sound is the county seat and the largest city in Grey County.
Savage Guns (1961 film)
The Savage Guns (Spanish: Tierra brutal) is a 1961 Eurowestern film, an international co-production by British and Spanish producers.  Based on a specially commissioned screenplay, The San Siado Killings, written by Peter R. Newman and directed by Michael Carreras, the film is credited as the first traditional Spaghetti Western.

The film was noticeably set apart from previous "classic" American westerns starring an American leading cast (Richard Basehart, Don Taylor and Alex Nicol) and Spanish actors in supporting roles (José Manuel Martín, Paquita Rico, María Granada, Fernando Rey and José Nieto) as well as its unique use of the deserts, palm trees, agaves and whitewashed villages of southern Spain. It was also the first western to be shot on location in Almeria, Spain, an area which would be often used in later Spaghetti Westerns during the next two decades.

Province of Almería
Almería (/ˌælməˈriːə/, also US: /ˌɑːl-/; Spanish: [almeˈɾi.a]) is a province of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Granada, Murcia, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is the homonymous city of Almería.

The province has an area of 8,773.06 km2 (3,387.30 sq mi), and a population of 760,964 across its 103 municipalities.
Cynthia Wu
Cynthia Wu (Chinese: 吳欣盈; pinyin: Wú Xīnyíng; Wade–Giles: Wu Hsin-ying; born 18 May 1978) is a Taiwanese businesswoman, politician, and former financial analyst.

After attending college in the United States, Wu worked for subsidiaries of Merrill Lynch in the United Kingdom and the Shin Kong Group in Taiwan. She became a member of the Legislative Yuan in 2022 and was Ko Wen-je's running mate as the vice presidential nominee of the Taiwan People's Party in the 2024 Taiwanese presidential election.

Financial analyst
A financial analyst is a professional undertaking financial analysis for external or internal clients as a core feature of the job. The role may specifically be titled securities analyst, research analyst, equity analyst, investment analyst, or ratings analyst. The job title is a broad one:
In banking, and industry more generally, various other analyst-roles cover financial management and (credit) risk management, as opposed to focusing on investments and valuation.
Castello di Montemignaio
Montemignaio Castle (Castello di Montemignaio) is a castle in the commune of Montemignaio, Province of Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy.

The castle was buit by the noble Guidi family in the 12th century under the name of ‘Castel Leone‘ or simply ‘Castiglione’.

Guidi (family)
The House of Guidi was a Tuscan aristocratic family prominent in the region during the Middle Ages. Descended from Tegrimo Guidi, the family practised partible inheritance and, in the thirteenth century, it began to split into separate cadet lineages.

Since the 11th century, Poppi Castle in Tuscany was the property and main residence of the noble Conti Guidi family.
Chiquita Canyon Landfill
The Chiquita Canyon Landfill is a 639-acre (259 ha) landfill in Castaic, California, United States. Located in the Santa Clarita Valley in northwestern Los Angeles County along State Route 126, it is owned and operated by Waste Connections. The landfill stopped accepting trash at the end of 2024 after restrictions were placed on the operations due to ongoing smoldering chemical reactions in a portion of the site. The solid-waste landfill had been disposing of residential and commercial waste since 1972 by compacting layers of trash and covering those layers daily with soil.

Santa Clarita Valley
The Santa Clarita Valley (SCV) is part of the upper watershed of the Santa Clara River in Southern California. The western portion of the valley was part of the 48,612-acre (19,673 ha) Rancho San Francisco Mexican land grant. Located in Los Angeles County. The valley's main population center is the city of Santa Clarita which includes the neighborhoods of Canyon Country, Newhall, Saugus, and Valencia. Adjacent unincorporated communities include Castaic, Stevenson Ranch, Val Verde, and Valencia.
Putagán River
Putagán (in mapudungun: "water stream") is a river in Linares Province, Maule Region of Chile. The Putagán is born in the foothills of the Andes and, flowing from east to west, passes south of the village of the same name. Along its course, the river contributes to form the northern border of the municipality of Linares with the following municipalities (from east to west): Colbún, Yerbas Buenas and Villa Alegre, before joining the Loncomilla river.

Maule Region
The Maule Region (Spanish: Región del Maule, pronounced [ˈmawle]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire.
Westover, Stamford, Connecticut
Westover is an affluent section of Stamford, Connecticut, United States. With a median household income of $186,607, it is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in the city, along with Shippan Point and North Stamford. The neighborhood is bordered by Mianus River State Park to the west, the Merritt Parkway to the north, Stillwater Road to the east, and Palmer Hill Road to the south.

The neighborhood contains a mix of pre-war estates and large homes, as well as more modest homes.

Pre-war architecture
Pre-war architecture refers to buildings built in the period between the turn of the 20th century until the Second World War, particularly in and around New York City. Many mid- and high-rise apartment buildings which were built between 1900 and 1939 in New York and surrounding areas are considered "pre-war" and known for their spaciousness, hardwood flooring, detailing, and, in some cases, fireplaces. Quite often they are luxury rentals or co-op apartments.
Yacouba Bamba
Yacouba Bamba (born 16 December 1975) is an Ivorian former professional footballer who played as a forward for nine teams during his career, spanning four countries.

He played for the Ivory Coast national team four times, each time as a substitute.

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Hun Manith
Hun Manith (Khmer: ហ៊ុន ម៉ាណិត; born 17 October 1981) is a  lieutenant general in the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF). He is the brother of the current prime minister Hun Manet and the fourth child of former prime minister Hun Sen. He is currently chief of the Defence Ministry's Intelligence Department. He is married to Hok Chendavy, the daughter of former National Police Commissioner Hok Lundy.

Ministry of National Defence (Cambodia)
The Ministry of National Defence (Khmer: ក្រសួងការពារជាតិ, UNGEGN: Krâsuŏng Karôpéar Chéatĕ) is charged with supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces. It is Cambodia's ministry of defence. The current Minister of National Defence is Tea Seiha.
David Rust
David S. Rust (born December 8, 1945) is an American politician. He was a member of the North Dakota State Senate from the 2nd District, serving from 2014 to 2024. Rust previously served in the House of Representatives from 2008 to 2014. He is a member of the Republican Party.

North Dakota Senate
The North Dakota State Senate is the upper house of the North Dakota Legislative Assembly, smaller than the North Dakota House of Representatives.

Per the state constitution, North Dakota is divided into between 40 and 54 legislative districts apportioned by population as determined by the decennial census.  The 2000 redistricting plan provided for 47 districts, with one senator elected from each district.

Senators serve four-year terms. Elections are staggered such that half the senate districts have elections every two years. In the 2022 North Dakota elections, a ballot measure passed with 63.4% of the vote creating term limits of eight years in the North Dakota Senate, which was put into effect starting January 2023.

The Senate Chamber is located in the North Dakota State Capitol in Bismarck, North Dakota.
Marri Shashidhar Reddy
Marri Shashidhar Reddy (born 24 August 1949) is an Indian politician. He has been active both at the state level and national level politics in India. He was elected as an MLA four times from Sanathnagar (Assembly constituency). The first time he contested by-polls was in 1992 and he was elected again three times (1994, 2004, 2009) from the same constituency.

In 2005, he became part of the high-powered National Disaster Management Authority, he has been responsible for formulating the Government of India guidelines that would ensure prompt and effective response to cyclones in any part of India. He was also the Convener of the National level Task Force on Naxal violence set up in 2004. On 19 November 2022 Marri Shashidhar Reddy was expelled from congress party for six years for anti-party activities. He joined BJP on 25 November 2022 in New Delhi in presence of Party President J. P. Nadda, Union ministers Sarbananda Sonowal, G. Kishan Reddy along with senior leaders of Telangana.

J. P. Nadda
Jagat Prakash Nadda (born 2 December 1960) is an Indian lawyer and politician who is serving as the 34th Minister of Health, 25th Minister of  Chemicals and Fertilizers since 2024 and served as the 10th national president of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2020 to 2026. He is also the member of the Rajya Sabha representing Gujarat since 2024. A key decision maker of the BJP, he is a close aide to Narendra Modi. He was the BJP's national working president from 2019 to 2020. Nadda was also the Minister of Health and Family Welfare in the first Modi ministry from 2014 to 2019 and Parliamentary Board Secretary of Bharatiya Janata Party.

Previously, he was an MLA from Bilaspur from 2007 to 2012 and from 1993 to 2003 and Minister of Forest, Environment, Science, and Technology from 2007 to 2012 and the Minister of Health and Family Welfare and Parliamentary Affairs from 1998 to 2003 in the Himachal Pradesh Government.
Mani Shankar Aiyar
Mani Shankar Aiyar (born 10 April 1941) is an Indian politician and former diplomat. He is a member of the Indian National Congress party.

He represented the Mayiladuthurai constituency of Tamil Nadu in the 10th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha, and 14th Lok Sabha. He was a nominated member of parliament from Rajya Sabha.

13th Lok Sabha
The 13th Lok Sabha (20 October 1999 – 6 February 2004) is the thirteenth session of the Lok Sabha (House of the People, or lower house in the Parliament of India). It was convened after 1999 Indian general election held during September–October 1999.

This majority group in the Lok Sabha during this period was the National Democratic Alliance, a nationalist group led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, which won 270 seats, 16 more than 12th Lok Sabha. The NDA, under the leadership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee completed its term until the next general elections of May 2004 for the next 14th Lok Sabha. This was the first non-INC government to complete the full term.

Four sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 13th Lok Sabha after the 1999 Indian general election.