hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ALE Property Group
ALE Property Group (ASX: LEP) was an Australian-based publicly listed property funds management company that acted as the responsible entity for the Australian Leisure and Entertainment Property Trust (ALE Trust).

Prior to its acquisition the entity owned 82 pubs across Australia, all of which were leased to Endeavour Group's ALH Group, a leisure and entertainment operator owned by Bruce Mathieson.

In December 2021 the company was acquired in a joint bid by Hostplus and Charter Hall.

Charter Hall
Charter Hall is an Australian property development and funds management company. In 2022, IREI ranked Charter Hall as the largest real estate investment manager in Australasia based on assets under management.
Last clear chance
The last clear chance doctrine of tort law is applicable to negligence cases in jurisdictions that apply rules of contributory negligence in lieu of comparative negligence. Under this doctrine, a negligent plaintiff can nonetheless recover if he is able to show that the defendant had the last opportunity to avoid the accident. Though the stated rationale has differed depending on the jurisdiction adopting the doctrine, the underlying idea is to mitigate the harshness of the contributory negligence rule. Conversely, a defendant can also use this doctrine as a defense.  If the plaintiff has the last clear chance to avoid the accident, the defendant will not be liable.

The introduction of the doctrine is widely attributed to the English case of Davies v. Mann, 152 Eng. Rep. 588 (1842).

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
Hironaka decomposition
In mathematics, a Hironaka decomposition is a representation of an algebra over a field as a finitely generated free module over a polynomial subalgebra or a regular local ring. Such decompositions are named after Heisuke Hironaka, who used this in his unpublished master's thesis at Kyoto University (Nagata 1962, p.217).

Hironaka's criterion (Nagata 1962, theorem 25.16), sometimes called the miracle flatness theorem, states that a local ring R that is a finitely generated module over a regular Noetherian local ring S is Cohen–Macaulay if and only if it is a free module over S. There is a similar result for rings that are graded over a field rather than local.

Finitely generated module
In mathematics, a finitely generated module is a module that has a finite generating set. A finitely generated module over a ring R may also be called a finite R-module, finite over R, or a module of finite type.

Related concepts include finitely cogenerated modules, finitely presented modules, finitely related modules and coherent modules all of which are defined below.  Over a Noetherian ring the concepts of finitely generated, finitely presented and coherent modules coincide.

A finitely generated module over a field is simply a finite-dimensional vector space, and a finitely generated module over the integers is simply a finitely generated abelian group.
Van Wert County Airport
The Van Wert County Airport (ICAO: KVNW, FAA LID: VNW) is a publicly owned, public use airport located 2 miles southwest of Van Wert in Van Wert County, Ohio. The airport is primarily a general aviation facility and serves small, privately owned aircraft.

The airport partners with Purdue University to be a satellite training facility for aviation, allowing students to earn credits towards a degree.

The airport hosts a regular fly in/cruise in with planes, cars, and motorcycles on display.

Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics
40°25′52″N 86°54′52″W﻿ / ﻿40.431057°N 86.914451°W﻿ / 40.431057; -86.914451

The Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics is a department-level school within the College of Engineering at Purdue University.

The school offers B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in aeronautical and astronautical engineering. It also provides distance graduate education, including an online M.S. in Engineering with concentration in Aeronautics and Astronautics, and a distance Ph.D.  Its main office and some of its labs are located in the Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering. As of 2010, the School has awarded an estimated 6% of BS degrees and 7% of PhDs in aerospace engineering in the United States.
UW Credit Union
The University of Wisconsin Credit Union (doing business as UW Credit Union) is a credit union headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin. As of Q4 of 2024, UW Credit Union has more than 366,000 members with $5.6 billion in assets and is the fourth largest credit union in the state of Wisconsin.  UW Credit Union currently operates 31 full-service branches throughout the Madison and Milwaukee metropolitan areas, as well as single locations at or near UW System campuses in Whitewater, Green Bay, La Crosse, Oshkosh, and Stevens Point. It also provides over 100 surcharge-free ATMs in Wisconsin. UW Credit Union provides an array of financial services including educational loans, mortgages, consumer loans, checking, savings and investment products, credit and debit cards. UW Credit Union also offers digital banking services such as Web Branch (online banking), Mobile App and Wallet, Zelle, mobile deposit, online bill payment, automated phone banking system, and money transfers.

Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Oshkosh (/ˈɒʃkɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the western shore of Lake Winnebago, adjacent to the much less populous Town of Oshkosh in the north. The population was 66,816 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Oshkosh metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Winnebago County, had 171,730 residents. Oshkosh is included in the greater Fox Cities region of Wisconsin.
Imitadora
"Imitadora" (Imitator) is a song by American singer Romeo Santos. The song was written by Philip (Taj) L. Jackson and Santos, and conducted by Carlos Dalmasí, with production handled by Vinylz, Santos, Allen Ritter and Frank Dukes. It was released to digital retailers on June 23, 2017, through Sony Music Latin, as the second single released off Santos' third studio album, Golden.

Allen Ritter
Allen Raphael Ritter (born June 19, 1988) is an American record producer and songwriter. A frequent collaborator of fellow producers Boi-1da, Vinylz, and Sevn Thomas, Ritter has worked in production for high-profile hip hop and R&B artists since 2007. He has been credited on Drake's "Controlla", Young Thug and Travis Scott's "Pick Up the Phone", Kanye West's "All Day" and "Father Stretch My Hands", Rihanna's "Work", and Nicki Minaj's "Regret in Your Tears", among others.
Mise en abyme
In Western art history, mise en abyme (French pronunciation: [miz ɑ̃n‿abim]; also mise en abîme) is the technique of placing a copy of an image within itself, often in a way that suggests an infinitely recurring sequence. In film theory and literary theory, it refers to the story within a story technique.

The term is derived from heraldry, and means placed into abyss (exact middle of a shield). It was first appropriated for modern criticism by the French author André Gide. A common sense of the phrase is the visual experience of standing between two mirrors and seeing an infinite reproduction of one's image. Another is the Droste effect, in which a picture appears within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear. The Droste effect is named after the 1904 Droste cocoa package, which depicts a woman holding a tray bearing a Droste cocoa package, which bears a smaller version of her image.

Droste
Droste B.V. (Dutch: [ˈdrɔstə]) is a Dutch chocolate manufacturer. Its headquarters and factory are located in the village of Vaassen, Netherlands. Droste operates as an independent business unit within Hosta, a German confectionery company.
Bizhan Nama
BĪŽAN-NAMA (Persian: بیژن نامه) is a Persian epic poem of ca. 1,900 couplets relating the adventures of the legendary hero Bīžan son of Giv.  Zabiollah Safa, an Iranian literary scholars notes that a large number verses of thies epic were taken from the Bīžan and Manīža in Ferdowsī’s Šāh-nāma.  Jalal Matini after closely postulated that the epic is mainly a copy  of Ferdowsī’s story with some verses added by the author and some of Ferdowsi’s omitted.

Ferdowsi
Ferdowsi (940-1025) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries. Ferdowsi is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature.
Crypto-anarchy
Crypto-anarchy, crypto-anarchism, digital anarchism, cyberanarchy, or cyberanarchism is a current of anarchism focusing on the protection of privacy, political freedom, counter-surveillance, hacktivism and economic freedom. The adherents of this philosophy use cryptographic software for confidentiality and security while sending and receiving information over computer networks. In his 1988 "Crypto Anarchist Manifesto", Timothy C. May introduced the basic principles of crypto-anarchism, which include encrypted exchanges ensuring total anonymity, total freedom of speech, and total freedom to trade. In 1992, he read the text at the founding meeting of the cypherpunk movement.

Encryption software
Encryption software is software that uses cryptography to prevent unauthorized access to digital information. Cryptography is used to protect digital information stored on computers as well as information transmitted over computer networks such as the Internet.
Animal painter
An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals.

The OED dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and writer John Berkenhout (1726–1791). From the early 20th century, wildlife artist became a more usual term for contemporary animal painters.

Philip Reinagle
Philip Reinagle RA (1749 – 27 November 1833) was an English painter of animals, landscapes, and botanical scenes. The son of a Hungarian musician living in Edinburgh, Reinagle came to London in 1763 and after serving an apprenticeship, later became a member of the Royal Academy.
Hsinchu Science Park
The Xinzu Science Park (HSP; traditional Chinese: 新竹科學園區; simplified Chinese: 新竹科学园区; pinyin: Xīnzhú Kēxué Yuánqū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-tek Kho-ha̍k Kang-gia̍p Hn̂g-khu) is a Republic of China national industrial park complex that originated as one campus straddled Hsinchu City, Hsinchu County, Chunan and Tongluo, later expanded to cover six campuses across Taiwan. It was established by the government of Taiwan on 15 December 1980. While the whole complex and the first campus share the same name, the name Hsinchu Science Park usually refers to the campus rather than the whole complex. With National Cinghua University and National Chotung University around.

Industrial park
An industrial park, also known as industrial estate or trading estate, is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more heavyweight version of a business park or office park, which has offices and light industry, rather than heavy industry.
St Paul's Cathedral, Bendigo
St Paul's Cathedral, Bendigo, is an Anglican cathedral church in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia. It is the cathedral church of the Diocese of Bendigo and the seat of the Bishop of Bendigo, presently Matthew Brain.

Matthew Brain
Matthew Brain is an Australian bishop of the Anglican Church of Australia. He has served as the 10th bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Bendigo in regional Victoria since February 2018. Between June 2015 and 2018 he served as an assistant bishop in the Anglican Diocese of Canberra and Goulburn.
Dhar Kalan
Dhar Kalan is a village and administrative headquarter of Dhar Kalan tehsil in Pathankot district of Punjab State, India. It is located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from district headquarter Pathankot and 260 kilometres (160 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Before formation of Pathankot district on 27 July 2011, Dhar Kalan along with Pathankot district was part of Gurdaspur district. For 2011 census it is listed under Gurdaspur district as census was completed before formation of the new district of Pathankot.

Pathankot
Pathankot (Punjabi pronunciation: [pə.ʈʰäːn.koːʈᵊ]) is a city and the district headquarters of the Pathankot district in Punjab, India. Pathankot is the sixth most populous city of Punjab, after Ludhiana, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala and Bathinda. Its local government is a municipal corporation. Pathankot is located in northern part of panjab.
Radek Veselý
Radek Veselý (born May 5, 1996) is a Czech professional ice hockey player currently signed to Romanian Erste Liga on HSC Csíkszereda. He last played for Coventry Blaze in the UK's Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). Veselý was previously with AZ Havířov of the Czech 1.liga.

Veselý made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with Piráti Chomutov during the 2015-16 Czech Extraliga season.

Erste Liga (ice hockey)
The Erste Liga (formerly the MOL Liga) is an international ice hockey league organized for clubs based in Hungary and Romania. It is sponsored by the Erste Bank Hungary.

The games played between the Hungarian teams count towards the Hungarian National Championship in the OB I Bajnokság. The Romanian teams also compete in the Romanian National Championship Liga Națională.

The last 6* seasons have been won by Romanian teams: HSC Csíkszereda three times, Gyergyói HK twice and Corona Brașov once.
* The season 2019–20 (Covid) recognized  both  Ferencvárosi TC and  HSC Csíkszereda as winners.
Degehamedo (woreda)
Degehmadow (Somali: Dhagaxmadow) is one of the woreda:Districts in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Degehabur Zone, Degehamedo is bordered on the south and northwest by the Fiq Zone, and on the east by Degehabur. The major town of the woreda is Degehmadow.

The only perennial river in Degehamedo is the Fafen.

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Lake Mackay
Lake Mackay, known as Wilkinkarra to the Indigenous Pintupi people, is the largest of hundreds of ephemeral salt lakes scattered throughout the Pilbara and northern parts of the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia and the Northern Territory. It is located on the edge of the Great Sandy Desert.

The lake is the largest in Western Australia and has a surface area of 3,494 km2 (1,349 sq mi). Its elevation ranges between 355 m (1,165 ft) and 370 m (1,210 ft) above mean sea-level.

Pilbara
The Pilbara (/ˈpɪlbərə/) is a large, dry, sparsely populated region in the north of Western Australia. It is known for its Aboriginal people, its geography, its red earth, and its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore. It is also a global biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna.
Sweeney Todd (1928 film)
Sweeney Todd is a 1928 British silent crime film directed by Walter West and starring Moore Marriott, Judd Green and Iris Darbyshire. It was adapted from a popular 1847 stage play by George Dibdin-Pitt called The String of Pearls, or The Fiend of Fleet Street, which in turn was based on an anonymous story called The String of Pearls: A Romance that was serialized in magazine format in 1846. This was the first time the story was adapted into a play, and it featured a surprise twist ending that doesn't appear in later stage versions of the Sweeney Todd legend. It was filmed entirely on set at Islington Studios.

Islington Studios
Islington Studios, often known as Gainsborough Studios, were British film studios located on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton in the former Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, London between 1919 and 1949. The studios are closely associated with Gainsborough Pictures which was based there for most of the studios' history. During its existence Islington Studios worked closely with its sister Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush and many films were made partly at one studio and partly at the other. Amongst the films made at the studios were Alfred Hitchcock thrillers, Will Hay comedies and Gainsborough melodramas.
2016 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 2016 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 128th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 13 December 2015. The championship began on 19 April 2016 and ended on 4 December 2016.

Nemo Rangers were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Ballincollig at the semi-final stage.

On 16 October 2016, Carbery Rangers won the championship following a 1-15 to 1-12 defeat of Ballincollig in the final at Páirc Uí Rinn. It remains their only championship title.

Ballincollig's Cian Dorgan was the championship's top scorer with 2-31.

Carrigaline GAA
Carrigaline Hurling & Football Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Carrigaline, County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated to the Carrigdhoun Board and fields teams in both hurling and Gaelic football.
Second inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant
The second inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant as president of the United States was held on Tuesday, March 4, 1873, at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. This was the 22nd inauguration and marked the commencement of the second and final four-year term of Ulysses S. Grant as president and the only term of Henry Wilson as vice president. Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase administered the presidential oath of office. This was one of the coldest inaugurations in U.S. history with 16 °F (−9 °C) at noon, and the inaugural ball ended early when the food froze. Vice President Wilson died 2 years, 263 days into this term, and the office remained vacant since there was no constitutional provision to fill an intra-term vice-presidential vacancy until the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967.

Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Twenty-fifth Amendment (Amendment XXV) to the United States Constitution addresses issues related to presidential succession and disability.

It clarifies that the vice president becomes president if the president dies, resigns, or is removed from office by impeachment. It also establishes the procedure for filling a vacancy in the office of the vice president.

The amendment provides for the temporary transfer of the president's powers and duties to the vice president, either on the president's initiative alone or on the initiative of the vice president, together with a majority of the president's cabinet. In either case, the vice president becomes the acting president until the president's powers and duties are restored.

The amendment was submitted to the states on July 6, 1965, by the 89th Congress, and was adopted on February 10, 1967, the day the requisite number of states (38) ratified it.
Q Burger
Q Burger (Chinese: 饗樂餐飲; pinyin: Xiǎnglè Cānyǐn) is a Taiwanese chain of brunch restaurants. The company opened its first restaurant in 2013 in Sanchong District, New Taipei City. It was listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange's Emerging Stock Board in January 2025.

The chain operates more than 373 stores across Taiwan as of January 2025, with plans to open 500 by the end of 2025 and 1,000 by 2030. 185 of its stores are operated by Q Burger directly, with the rest being franchised locations. Q Burger plans to expand into international markets; it has successfully registered trademarks in Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, mainland China, Vietnam, Singapore, and Malaysia, with ongoing applications in the United States and Canada.

Sanchong District
Sanchong District (Chinese: 三重區; pinyin: Sānchóng Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sam-tiông-khu) is a district in the western part of New Taipei City, Taiwan. With an area of 16.32 km2 and a population of 380,699 people (February 2023), it has the fourth highest population density in Taiwan and 23rd highest in the world, with over 23,900 people per km2.
Rhododendron lochiae
Rhododendron lochiae is a species of plant in the family Ericaceae, and is one of only two species of the genus that are native to Australia. It is restricted to cloud forest habitats on a small number of mountain peaks within the Wet Tropics World Heritage site. The other Australian species, Rhododendron viriosum, was described in 2002 and is also restricted to high altitude cloud forest, but on different peaks to R. lochiae.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Airola
Airola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania, located about 35 km northeast of Naples and about 20 km southwest of Benevento in the Valle Caudina, facing the Monte Taburno.  Nearby is the confluence of the Tesa and Faenza streams into the Isclero River. Airola's territory is also crossed by the Acquedotto Carolino, carrying waters to the Caserta Palace.

Taburno Camposauro
Taburno Camposauro is a massif located in the Apennines, to the west of Benevento, in the Campania region of Southern Italy. Its highest peak is the Taburno, at 1,393 m. It is composed of two groups of calcareous mountains separated by a plain. The fauna is affected by human activities, but the birdlife is very diverse. Several historical structures, mainly religious, are located on the massif. A DOC wine is produced in the area.
Ural Airlines
Ural Airlines (Russian: Ура́льские авиали́нии, Ural’skiye avialinii) is an airline based in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, that operates scheduled and chartered domestic and international flights out of Koltsovo International Airport. In 2018, the company transported nine million passengers.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Hillcrest mine disaster
The Hillcrest mine disaster, the worst coal mining disaster in Canadian history, occurred at Hillcrest, Alberta, in the Crowsnest Pass region, on June 19, 1914, 9:30 am.

The disaster was reported by several news outlets including the Calgary Herald as the world's third-worst mine disaster at the time, after the Fraterville Mine disaster and the Courrières mine disaster. Subsequent investigations found that methane gas had ignited, causing a coal dust explosion, but the cause of the initial spark was never found.

Calgary Herald
The Calgary Herald is a daily newspaper published in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Publication began in 1883 as The Calgary Herald, Mining and Ranche Advocate, and General Advertiser. It is owned by the Postmedia Network.