hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bosco da Silva
João Bosco Quevado da Silva (8 March 1937 – 27 May 2013) was a Macau-born Hong Kong field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

da Silva attended school at Pedro Nolasco Commercial School and emigrated to Hong Kong in 1956, where he worked for HSBC before turning his hobby for hockey into a full-time job.

Field hockey at the 1964 Summer Olympics
The field hockey tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics was the 10th edition of the field hockey event for men at the Summer Olympic Games. It was held from 11 to 23 October 1964. All games were played at the Komazawa Hockey Field in Tokyo, Japan.

Pakistan, the defending champions, lost 1–0 to India in the gold-medal match.

Australia won their first Olympic medal, claiming bronze in a 3–2 win over Spain in extra time.
Martin Kirchner
Martin Kirchner (15 July 1854, in Spandau – 11 November 1925, in Berlin) was a German hygienist and bacteriologist, known for his work in the fight against tuberculosis.

He studied at the universities of Halle and Berlin, receiving his medical doctorate in 1878. From 1887 he worked as a physician under Robert Koch at the institute of hygiene in Berlin. In 1894 he obtained his habilitation for hygiene at the Technische Hochschule in Hannover, and in 1900 became an associate professor at the University of Berlin. From 1911 to 1919 he was head of the medical department at the Ministry of the Interior.

In 1904, with Ernst von Bergmann and Robert Kutner, he was co-founder of the Zeitschrift für ärztliche Fortbildung ("Journal of Medical Education").

Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology— a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, as well as using their skills in clinical settings. This includes investigating properties of bacteria such as morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry, phylogenetics, genomics and many other areas related to bacteria like disease diagnostic testing. Alongside human and animal healthcare providers, they may carry out various functions as medical scientists, veterinary scientists, pathologists, or diagnostic technicians in locations like clinics, blood banks, hospitals, laboratories and animal hospitals. Bacteriologists working in public health or biomedical research help develop vaccines for public use as well as public health guidelines for restaurants and businesses.
Jersey City Flowage
The Jersey City Flowage is an artificial lake on the Tomahawk River, located about one mile above the confluence with the Wisconsin River in Tomahawk, Wisconsin.  The dam and the flow are controlled by the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company.  The dam was originally built in 1910 to provide power for a tannery. Jersey City Flowage is a 423 acre lake located in Lincoln County. It has a maximum depth of 20 feet.

Tomahawk River
The Tomahawk River is a river in Wisconsin.

It is the largest tributary of the Wisconsin River in terms of flow.  It begins at Tomahawk Lake in southern Vilas County, flows through Oneida County, and terminates at Lake Mohawksin in Tomahawk.  It flows through the Willow Reservoir and Lake Nokomis (artificial reservoirs), and Kawaguesaga Lake and Minocqua Lake (natural lakes).

At one time the Tomahawk River was known as the Little Wisconsin River.  Historically it was part of the most important north-south travel route in Wisconsin for both Indians and non-Indians (fur traders).
Ruslan Nasibulin
Ruslan Rafikovich Nasibulin (Russian: Руслан Рафикович Насибулин, also spelled Rouslan Nassiboulline, born 2 March 1981 in Verkhoturye, Sverdlovsk Oblast) is a Russian fencer, who has won bronze Olympic medal in the team foil competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Pointe de la Fournache
Pointe de la Fournache is a mountain of Savoie, France. It lies in the Massif de la Vanoise range. It has an elevation of 3,642 metres (11,949 ft) above sea level.

Pointe de la Fournache lies north of Aussois and southwest of Dent Parrachée (3,697 metres (12,129 ft)). The summit is very close to Dent Parrachée, which is separated by a short ridge.

Vanoise massif
The Vanoise massif (French: massif de la Vanoise, pronounced [masif də la vanwaz]) is a mountain range of the Graian Alps, located in the Western Alps. After the Mont Blanc Massif and the Écrins Massif it is the third-highest massif in France, reaching a height of 3,885 m at the summit of Grande Casse. It lies between Tarentaise Valley to the north and the Maurienne Valley in the south. The range is the site of France's first national park, established in 1963, Vanoise National Park. The ski resorts of Tignes and Val-d'Isère and the 2,770-metre-high Col de l'Iseran are located in the eastern part of the range.
Adam Kury
Adam Kury (born July 7, 1967) is an American bassist and vocalist. He is best known as the bassist for the American alternative rock band Candlebox. Based in Los Angeles, California, he has been the bassist for Candlebox since the band reunited in 2008.

Kury was born in Montrose, Scotland and was raised all over the world as a Navy brat, living in Scotland, Thailand, Germany, Maryland, Alaska, and Hawaii. He performs and records with many artists in Los Angeles and around the world., including bands such as The Hiwatts, The Kings Royal, Le Projet, Angels in Vein, Last December, Legs Diamond, and is also currently a member of Los Angeles-based Sons of Silver. Adam is also known for occasional mixing and producing as well.

Legs Diamond (band)
Legs Diamond is an American rock band formed in 1975. They formed in Los Angeles, California, with original members Michael "Diamond" Gargano (bass), Jeff Poole (drums), Roger Romeo (guitar), Rick Sanford (vocals) and Michael Prince (keyboards and guitar) and were named for a 1920s gangster of the same name.
Charles Magnette
Charles Magnette (French: [maɲɛt]; 3 February 1863 – 18 October 1937) was a Belgian lawyer and a liberal politician.

He was President of the Belgian Senate from 1928 until 1932 and Minister of State. He was Grand Master of the Grand Orient of Belgium two times (from 1914 to 1921 and from 1925 to 1927). Magnette was the founder of the International Masonic Association in 1921.

In 1914 and 1916 he appealed to the German Grand Lodges, complaining about the atrocities which were committed by the Germans, who occupied most part of Belgium during World War I, and the deportation of workers. As a result, he served a prison sentence. A street in Liège is named after him.

His brother was the historian Félix Magnette.

Deportation
Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people by a state from its sovereign territory. The actual definition changes depending on the place and context, and it also changes over time. A person who has been deported or is under sentence of deportation is called a deportee.
Draculoides brooksi
Draculoides brooksi is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as a short-tailed whip-scorpion) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2001 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet brooksi honours Darren Brooks for his skills in collecting schizomids and other cave creatures.

Mark Harvey (arachnologist)
Mark Stephen Harvey (born 17 September 1958) is a museum scientist and biologist specializing in Australian arachnids. Since 1989 he has been based at the Western Australian Museum as Curator of Arachnids and Myriapods. He has described over 1,000 species, being one of the few biologists to do so.
Lajas barrio-pueblo
Lajas barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Lajas, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 564.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Lexical decision task
The lexical decision task (LDT) is a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments. The basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords.

Although versions of the task had been used by researchers for a number of years, the term lexical decision task was coined by David E. Meyer and Roger W. Schvaneveldt, who brought the task to prominence in a series of studies on  semantic memory and word recognition in the early 1970s. Since then, the task has been used in thousands of studies, investigating semantic memory and lexical access in general.

Semantic memory
Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives. This general knowledge (word meanings, concepts, facts, and ideas) is intertwined in experience and dependent on culture. New concepts are learned by applying knowledge learned from things in the past.

Semantic memory is distinct from episodic memory—the memory of experiences and specific events that occur in one's life that can be recreated at any given point. For instance, semantic memory might contain information about what a cat is, whereas episodic memory might contain a specific memory of stroking a particular cat.

Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), or memory of facts or events that can be consciously recalled and "declared". The counterpart to declarative or explicit memory is implicit memory (also known as nondeclarative memory).
John Clay (running back)
John Clay (born January 4, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers and was signed by the Pittsburgh Steelers as an undrafted free agent after the 2011 NFL draft.

In high school, he received numerous awards for his accomplishments on the field at Washington Park High School, being named to the Racine County Sports Hall of Fame in 2018, and was one of the most heavily recruited players in the country. Clay was ruled ineligible to play by the NCAA after not meeting Wisconsin admission requirements before being ruled eligible for the 2008 season.

Wisconsin Badgers football
The Wisconsin Badgers football program represents the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the sport of American football. Wisconsin competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) within the Big Ten Conference (Big Ten). The Badgers have competed in the Big Ten since its formation in 1896. They play their home games at Camp Randall Stadium, the fourth-oldest stadium in college football.

Wisconsin is one of 26 College football programs to win 700 or more games. The program has been one of the most successful since the 1990s. Wisconsin has had two Heisman Trophy winners, Alan Ameche and Ron Dayne, and has had twelve former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.
Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area
Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park situated in Hiiu County, Estonia.

Its area is 5,681 ha.

The protected area was designated in 1962 to protect Käina Bay and the island of Kassari semi-natural communities. In 1998, the protected area was redesignated to the landscape conservation area.

Nature park
A nature park, or sometimes natural park, is a designation for a protected area by means of long-term land planning, sustainable resource management and limitation of agricultural and real estate developments. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present ecological state and promoted for ecotourism purposes.

In most countries nature parks are subject to legally regulated protection, which is part of their conservation laws.

In terms of level of protection, a category "Nature Park" is not the same as a "National Park", which is defined by the IUCN and its World Commission on Protected Areas as a category II protected area. 
A "Nature Park" designation, depending on local specifics, falls between category III and category VI according to IUCN categorization, in most cases closer to category VI.
However some nature parks have later been turned into national parks.
1923–24 City Cup
The 1923–24 City Cup was the 26th edition of the City Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Queen's Island for the 2nd time and 2nd consecutive year. They defeated Glentoran 3–2 in a test match at Windsor Park after both teams finished level on points in the group standings.

Glentoran F.C.
Glentoran Football Club is a professional football club based in East Belfast, Northern Ireland, that plays in the NIFL Premiership. The club was founded in 1882 and has since won more than 130 major honours. They are one of three Northern Irish teams to have never been relegated.
Bogan Hunters
Bogan Hunters is an Australian comedy reality television series created by Paul Fenech for Seven Network's 7mate. The series provides an in-depth look into Australia's bogan subculture, as the Bogan Hunters traverse the nation looking for Australia's greatest bogan. The show first aired on Australia's 7mate on 13 May 2014 and on New Zealand's TV2 on 14 October 2014. The finale of season 1 aired on 15 July 2014 in Australia and on 9 December 2014 in New Zealand.

On 8 February 2015, two Bogan Hunters specials aired titled "Summernats And The Hunt For The Great Aussie Hoon" and "Bathurst Conspiracy".

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Duck typing
In computer programming, duck typing is an application of the duck test—"If it walks like a duck and it quacks like a duck, then it must be a duck"—to determine whether an object can be used for a particular purpose. With nominative typing, an object is of a given type if it is declared as such (or if a type's association with the object is inferred through mechanisms such as object inheritance). With duck typing, an object is of a given type if it has all methods and properties required by that type. Duck typing may be viewed as a usage-based structural equivalence between a given object and the requirements of a type.

Nominal type system
In computer science, a type system is nominal (also called nominative or name-based) if compatibility and equivalence of data types is determined by explicit declarations and/or the name of the types. Nominal systems are used to determine whether types are equivalent, as well as whether a type is a subtype of another. Nominal type systems contrast with structural systems, where comparisons are based on the structure of the types in question and do not require explicit declarations.
Koczek
Koczek [ˈkɔt͡ʂɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świętajno, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is located in Masuria.

Two Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Szczytno County
Szczytno County (Polish: powiat szczycieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczytno, which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Pasym, lying 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Szczytno.

The county covers an area of 1,933.1 square kilometres (746.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 69,289, out of which the population of Szczytno is 25,680, that of Pasym is 2,550, and the rural population is 41,059.
Hi Viz (album)
Hi Viz (typeset as HI VIZ) is the fourth studio album by Australian electronic duo The Presets. The album was released in Australia by Modular Recordings on 1 June 2018.

Upon release, the band said "We're always trying to do something different, at least within what we feel is The Presets. We were really just trying to get back to fun. The whole message of the record is inclusiveness, and it's a party, with an open invitation."

In April 2018, The Presets announced a national tour commencing in June 2018.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2018, the album was nominated for Best Cover Art.

ARIA Award for Best Cover Art
The ARIA Music Award for Best Cover Art, is an award presented within the Artisan Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards. The ARIA Awards recognise "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", and have been given by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) since 1987.

The award is given to the designer who is from, or resides in Australia, and has overall responsibility for the album covers' design concept. The graphics that appear on the cover must be an original work that was designed in Australia. The accolade is restricted to album recordings that have met the general eligibility criteria (however, in 2000 and 2012 single covers were included in the final nominations list). Best Cover Art is voted for by a judging academy, which consists of 1000 members from different areas of the music industry.
DH5-Alpha Cell
DH5-Alpha Cells are E. coli cells engineered by American biologist Douglas Hanahan to maximize transformation efficiency. They are defined by three mutations: recA1, endA1 which help plasmid insertion and lacZΔM15 which enables blue white screening. The cells are competent and often used with calcium chloride transformation to insert the desired plasmid. A study of four transformation methods and six bacteria strains showed that the most efficient one was the DH5 strain with the Hanahan method.

Natural competence
In microbiology, genetics, cell biology, and molecular biology, competence is the ability of a cell to alter its genetics by taking up extracellular DNA from its environment through a process called transformation. Competence can be differentiated between natural competence and induced or artificial competence. Natural competence is a genetically specified ability of bacteria that occurs under natural conditions as well as in the laboratory. Artificial competence arises when cells in laboratory cultures are treated to make them transiently permeable to DNA. Competence allows for rapid adaptation and DNA repair of the cell.
Babylon Freefly
Babylon Freefly is a French skydiving team that was formed in 1998 by Stephane Fardel in Empuriabrava, and has grown into one of the oldest and most successful freeflying teams in the history of skydiving.

Empuriabrava
Empuriabrava (Spanish: Ampuriabrava) is a community in the municipality of Castelló d'Empúries, in the Alt Empordà (Costa Brava, province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain). It is located in the Gulf of Roses, surrounded by the Natural Park of the Aiguamolls de l'Empordà, and is the largest residential marina in Europe, with some 24 km of navigable waterways.

Originally built on a swamp, Empuriabrava was transformed into a tourist community, initially planned in 1964 and completed in 1975.  The town has more than 40 km of canals and a seasonal, summer population of around 80,000.  The Greco-Roman acropolis of Sant Martí d'Empúries is nearby.

Its aerodrome (ICAO-code LEAP), immediately to the north of the town, offers a variety of air sports with services for all levels of skydiving.
Uridine triacetate
Uridine triacetate (INN), formerly known as vistonuridine, is an orally active tri-acetylated prodrug of uridine used:

in the treatment of hereditary orotic aciduria (brand name Xuriden /ˈzʊərədɛn/ ZOOR-ə-den);

to treat people following an overdose of chemotherapy drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or capecitabine regardless of the presence of symptoms, or who exhibit early-onset, severe or life-threatening toxicity affecting the cardiac or central nervous system, and/or early-onset, unusually severe adverse reactions (e.g., gastrointestinal toxicity and/or neutropenia) within 96 hours following the end of fluorouracil or capecitabine administration (brand name Vistogard).

Uridine triacetate was developed, manufactured and distributed by Wellstat Therapeutics. It was granted breakthrough therapy designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and approved for use in the United States in 2015.

Uridine
Uridine (symbol U or Urd) is a glycosylated pyrimidine analog containing uracil attached to a ribose ring (or more specifically, a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. The analog is one of the five standard nucleosides which make up nucleic acids, the others being adenosine, thymidine, cytidine and guanosine. The five nucleosides are commonly abbreviated to their symbols, U, A, dT, C, and G, respectively. However, thymidine is more commonly written as 'dT' ('d' represents 'deoxy') as it contains a 2'-deoxyribofuranose moiety rather than the ribofuranose ring found in uridine. This is because thymidine is found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and usually not in ribonucleic acid (RNA). Conversely, uridine is found in RNA and not DNA. The remaining three nucleosides may be found in both RNA and DNA. In RNA, they would be represented as A, C and G whereas in DNA they would be represented as dA, dC and dG.