hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thakur Ram Singh (revolutionary)
Thakur Ram Singh (1911–2009) was an Indian Communist revolutionary and associate of Bhagat Singh. He started his political life as an Indian National Congress activist but was attracted towards the ideals of Bhagat Singh and his Hindustan Socialist Republican Army. Thakur Ram singh was sentenced to life imprisonment in Andaman Nicobar's Cellular Jail for his role in the Dogra shooting case of Ajmer. Inside the jail he formed a 'Communist Bloc', and later on after his release from the Andamans he joined the Communist Party of India. During the days of the Sino-Indian War he supported the split in the communist movement and was the founding member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) Uttar Pradesh Committee.

Cellular Jail
The Cellular Jail, also known as 'Kālā Pānī' (transl. 'Black Water'), was a British colonial prison in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The prison was used by the colonial government of India for the purpose of exiling insurgents and political prisoners. Many notable independence activists were imprisoned there during the struggle for India's independence. Today, the complex serves as a national memorial monument.

Originally built with seven wings, the building suffered extensive damage during the earthquake of 1941. Later, two wings were dismantled during the Second World War by the Japanese, who repurposed the bricks for constructing bunkers and other structures. After India gained independence, two more wings were demolished in the 1950s to make way for the nearby Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital. Today, only the watchtower and three wings (1, 6, and 7) remain.
Arabkir FC
FC Arabkir (Armenian: Ֆուտբոլային Ակումբ Արաբկիր), is a defunct Armenian football club from the capital Yerevan. The club was founded in 1977 during the Soviet years as FC Kanaz Yerevan, representing the Armenian SSR Kanaker aluminum smelter, currently known as Rusal Armenal. In 1995, the club was renamed FC Arabkir after the Arabkir District of Yerevan. However, Arabkir was dissolved in 1997 due to financial difficulties.

Rusal Armenal
Rusal Armenal is a wholly owned subsidiary of Rusal which runs an aluminum foil mill in the Arabkir district of Yerevan, Armenia.  The premises of the mill was formerly known as the Kanaker aluminum smelter, which was commissioned in 1950, and became one of the largest aluminum foil mills in the Soviet Union and Europe in the 1980s.
Leo Wilkens
Leo Wilhelm "Willie" Wilkens (25 November 1893 – 4 January 1967) was a Swedish rowing coxswain who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He won a silver medal in the coxed four, inriggers, and failed to reach the finals of the eight tournament.

Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight was a rowing event held as part of the Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event. The competition was held from Wednesday to Friday, 17 to 19 July 1912. Ninety-nine rowers (11 boats) from eight nations competed. Nations were still permitted to have two boats each in the event.

The event was won by the Leander Club of Great Britain, successfully defending their 1908 Olympic title. Silver also went to Great Britain, with their second boat from New College Boat Club. Germany earned its first medal in the men's eight with a bronze by the Berliner Ruderverein von 1876 (Berlin rowing club of 1876).

According to the records of silver medallists New College, the final featured controversy as Leander's team acted outside convention over a coin toss, though this is not mentioned in the official record.
St Michael's Church, Creeslough
St Michael's Church is a Catholic Church in Creeslough, County Donegal, Ireland. It is in the Diocese of Raphoe. It has baptismal and marriage records dating back to 1877 and has held the death register since 1913. The cemetery at Doe dates from 1843. John Joe Duffy is the parish priest currently.

Following the Creeslough explosion, which killed ten people on 7 October 2022, the funerals of many of the victims were held inside the church. President Higgins was in attendance, after flying back especially from an important meeting abroad.

Creeslough explosion
The Creeslough explosion occurred on 7 October 2022 at an apartment above Applegreen petrol station in Creeslough, a village in north County Donegal, Ireland. It killed ten people and left eight hospitalised; the highest number of civilian casualties in the county in decades. Investigators suspected an accidental gas leak.
Jean-Pierre Souche
Jean-Pierre Louis Souche (2 September 1927 – 10 January 2020) was a French rower who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born in Paris. In 1948 he was a crew member of the French boat which was eliminated in the semi-finals of the coxed fours event. Four years later he and his partner René Guissart finished fifth in the coxless pairs event. He died in Guérande in January 2020 at the age of 92.

Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London took place at Henley-on-Thames, London. It was held from 5 to 9 August. There were 16 boats (80 competitors) from 16 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, the nation's first victory in the men's coxed four. Switzerland earned silver, the nation's fifth medal in the event in six Games (having missed the podium only in 1932, when no Swiss team competed). Denmark took its first medal in the men's coxed four since 1912, with bronze.
Elżbieta Pyza
Elżbieta Małgorzata Pyza is a biologist, professor of biological sciences, academic teacher at the Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research of the Jagiellonian University, head of the Department of Cell Biology and Imaging of the Jagiellonian University in the years 2001–2024, active member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, director of the 4th Department of Natural Sciences of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, president of the Polish Copernicus Society of Naturalists, former president of the Polish Neuroscience Society, popularizer of science.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Steamer Pravda
SS Pravda (Russian: Правда, lit. 'Truth') was a Soviet steamship, a timber carrier of the II series of Tovarishch Stalin-class ships, which was active in the Soviet Arctic during the 1930s. It was named after Soviet newspaper Pravda.

During World War II, SS Pravda was used for coastal and ocean shipping in the Soviet North and Far East, and was a member of Convoy QP 9 in March–April 1942.

Russian North
The Russian North (Russian: Русский Север, Russky Sever) is an ethnocultural region situated in the northwestern part of Russia, north of Vologda. It spans the regions of Arkhangelsk Oblast (including Nenets Autonomous Okrug) and Murmansk Oblast. It also includes parts of the Vologda Oblast, Komi Republic, and Republic of Karelia.

The region is known for its traditions of folk art – in particular, Russian wooden architecture, wood and bone carving and painting. Due to its remoteness, the rural parts of Russian North preserved much of the archaic aspects of Russian culture during the 19th and 20th centuries, making it of particular interest to historians, culturologists and ethnographers.

The Russian North is also noted for its combination of Slavic and Finnic cultural traits. The Pomor dialects are still spoken in some parts of this region. It is likely that the region appeared in Norse sagas as Bjarmaland.
George Ainsworth (cricketer)
George William Bromilow Ainsworth (21 March 1876 – 3 March 1941) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Ainsworth was born at Freshfield in Lancashire, and was educated at Marlborough College, entering in 1890 and leaving in 1893. He made one appearance in first-class cricket for H. D. G. Leveson Gower's XI against Oxford University at Oxford in 1902. He batted once during the match, scoring 10 runs without being dismissed. He served with the Royal Garrison Artillery during the latter stages of the First World War as a second lieutenant. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in August 1919. He resigned his commission in April 1920, retaining the rank of lieutenant.

He died at Bushey in Hertfordshire in March 1941. His brother, Jerry Ainsworth, was also a first-class cricketer.

Royal Garrison Artillery
The Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) was formed in 1899 as a distinct arm of the British Army's  Royal Regiment of Artillery serving alongside the other two arms of the Regiment, the Royal Field Artillery (RFA) and the Royal Horse Artillery (RHA).  The RGA were the 'technical' branch of the Royal Artillery who were responsible for much of the professionalisation of technical gunnery that was to occur during the First World War.  It was originally established to man the guns of the British Empire's forts and fortresses, including coastal artillery batteries, the heavy gun batteries attached to each infantry division and the guns of the siege artillery. The RGA was amalgamated with the RFA in 1924, from which time the only two arms within the Royal Regiment of Artillery have been the Royal Artillery and the Royal Horse Artillery.
Asif Musazai
Asif Musazai (born 1 September 2003) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Band-e-Amir Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 7 November 2017. In May 2018, during the final of the 2018 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament, he scored a century in the first innings for Band-e-Amir Region against Amo Region. He made his Twenty20 debut on 8 October 2019, for Speen Ghar Tigers in the 2019 Shpageeza Cricket League.

He was a member of Afghanistan's squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut on 19 October 2020, for Band-e-Amir Region in the 2020 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament.

Amo Sharks
Amo Sharks (Pashto: امو نهنګان Amō Nahangān; Dari: آمو نهنگان) or Amo Region is one of eight regional first-class cricket teams in Afghanistan. The regional side represents the following provinces in the north of Afghanistan: Balkh, Faryab, Jowzjan, Samangan, and Sar-i-Pul. The team is named after the Amo, a river in northern Afghanistan and Central Asia.

Amo Region compete in the Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament, which has had first-class status from 2017 onwards. In October 2017, they lost their opening fixture of the tournament, against Speen Ghar Region, by an innings and 46 runs.

They also play in the Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament, which was granted List A status from 2017., and the Afghan Shpageeza Cricket League Twenty20 competition (which has Twenty20 status from 2017) using the name Amo Sharks. They also take part in the Qosh Tepa National T20 Cup, the first edition of which will be held in April 2024.
Corton Cliffs
Corton Cliffs is a 5.5-hectare (14-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Lowestoft in Suffolk. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This is described by Natural England as a "nationally important" site, as it is the type locality for the Anglian glaciation around 450,000 years ago. The Anglian was the most extreme ice age of the Pleistocene epoch. The site displays the complete Anglian sequence and its relation to the preceding Cromerian stage.

Below the site is a public beach. Corton Beach was designated a naturist beach in the 1970s.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.
Illegitimate opportunity
Illegitimate opportunity theory holds that individuals commit crimes not when the chances of being caught are low but from readily available illegitimate opportunities. The theory was first formalized by Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin in 1960. It is closely related to strain theory (developed by Merton, an influential figure in functionalism and the subcultural theories surrounding it).

Richard Cloward
Richard Andrew Cloward (December 25, 1926 – August 20, 2001) was an American sociologist and activist. He influenced the Strain theory of criminal behavior and the concept of anomie, and was a primary motivator for the passage of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, commonly known as the "Motor Voter Act". He taught at Columbia University for 47 years.
Joe Crotty
Joseph P. Crotty (December 24, 1860 in Cincinnati, Ohio – June 22, 1926 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) was a 19th-century American professional baseball catcher.  Crotty played from 1882–1886 in the American Association for the Louisville Eclipse, St. Louis Brown Stockings, and New York Metropolitans and for the Cincinnati Outlaw Reds in the Union Association.

On August 26, 1884, while playing for the Outlaw Reds, Crotty was the catcher who caught Dick Burns' no-hitter.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
William Beck (alpine skier)
William Beck (September 1, 1929 – February 16, 2017) was an American alpine ski racer. He  competed at the 1952 Winter Olympics and the 1956 Winter Olympics. Born in Melrose, Massachusetts, Beck  graduated from South Kingstown High School in Wakefield, Rhode Island, and skied for Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire.

Beck's fifth place in the 1952 Olympic downhill was the best result for an American male in that event for over three decades (tied by Pete Patterson in 1980), until Bill Johnson's gold medal in 1984.

Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics
At the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, the six alpine skiing events were held from Friday, 27 January to Friday, 3 February.

Toni Sailer of Austria won all three men's events to become the first alpine ski racer to win three gold medals in a single Olympics.  The feat has been repeated once, by Jean-Claude Killy in 1968.

The races were held at the adjacent Tofana, except for the men's giant slalom, which was held at Monte Faloria. The men's downhill was the final event.
Sarah Robles
Sarah Elizabeth Robles (born August 1, 1988) is an American weightlifter. She qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and earned a bronze medal in weightlifting at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, becoming the first US athlete to medal in Olympic weightlifting in 16 years. She repeated her feat in the +87 kg category at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, once again earning bronze, and becoming the first US woman to earn two Olympic weightlifting medals.

International Weightlifting Federation
The International Weightlifting Federation, aka IWF, is the international governing body for the sport of Weightlifting. Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, it has 193 affiliated national federations. Mohammed Hasan Jalood has been its president since June 2022.

The IWF organizes the World Weightlifting Championships, as well as world championship events for Youth and Juniors. It also cooperates with the International Olympic Committee in the organization of Weightlifting events at the Olympic Games; however, weightlifting's inclusion in the 2028 Olympics is uncertain, due to doping issues within the sport, and governance issues within IWF, and weightlifting's inclusion is expected to be decided by an IOC meeting in 2023. Weightlifting was scheduled as a sport in the 2024 Olympics but with reduced numbers of athletes and events.

IWF traces its history to the formation of the "Amateur-Athleten-Weltunion" (Amateur Athletes World Union) in 1905.
Rurubu River
The Ruvubu River (also spelt Rurubu and Ruvuvu) is a river in central Africa whose waters gather from the most distant, southern portion of the Nile basin. It has a total length of 416 kilometres (258 miles) and a drainage basin of 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi). It rises in the north of Burundi, near the town of Kayanza and then does a southward arc through Burundi, being joined by the Ruvyironza River near Gitega. From there it runs northeast, through the Ruvubu National Park, up to the Tanzanian border. After a stretch along the border, the Ruvubu crosses properly into Tanzania, before joining the Kagera River on the Tanzania–Rwanda border approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) upstream from Rusumo Falls.: 17

The Ruvubu gets its name from the Kirundi word for hippopatamus, imvubu, because the river is home to a large population of hippos.

Kayanza
Kayanza is a city located in northern Burundi, known for its tea and coffee production. It is the capital city of Kayanza Province, subdivided into nine communes from which one is called Kayanza. It is one of the areas with higher population density.

It was the location of significant skirmishes between the Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups during the Rwandan Civil War.
F. R. Crawley
Frank Radford "Budge" Crawley, OC (November 14, 1911 – May 13, 1987) was a Canadian film producer, cinematographer and director. Along with his wife Judith Crawley, he co-founded the production company Crawley Films in 1939.

Crawley is best known for producing the Academy Award-winning documentary The Man Who Skied Down Everest. During his 40-year career, he produced hundreds of films. Film historian Peter Morris described Crawley as "the Godfather of Canadian film and Canada's answer to Sam Goldwyn."

Samuel Goldwyn
Samuel Goldwyn (/ˈɡoʊldwɪn/ GOHLD-win; born Szmuel Gelbfisz; Yiddish: שמואל געלבפֿיש; July 1879 – January 31, 1974) was a Polish-born American film producer and pioneer in the American film industry, who produced the United States's first major motion picture. He was best known for being the founding contributor and executive of several motion picture studios. He was awarded the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award (1973), the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award (1947), and the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award (1958).
HHL
HHL could refer to:

Hafthohlladung, a German anti-tank mine of World War II

Handelshochschule Leipzig, now the HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management

Haverhill (Amtrak station), in Massachusetts, United States

Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm, a quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations

Heath High Level railway station, in Wales

Herefordshire Housing, a British social housing trust

Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions

Higher Hockey League, a Eurasian ice hockey league

Highway Hockey League, a Canadian ice hockey league

Hecht-Hill-Lancaster
Hecht-Hill-Lancaster was a production company formed by the actor Burt Lancaster in association with his agent, Harold Hecht, and James Hill. In 1948 Lancaster and Hecht formed Norma Productions (named after Lancaster's second wife, Norma Anderson), which later became Hecht-Lancaster. Hill joined in the mid-1950s. The company produced some of the most notable American films of the 1950s.

In 1956 they renewed their deal with United Artists. In late 1957 they announced they would make ten films worth $14 million in 1958.
Smash Diva Championship
The Smash Diva Championship was a women's professional wrestling championship, owned by the Japanese Smash promotion. Championship reigns were determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors were involved in scripted rivalries. These narratives created feuds between the various competitors, which cast them as villains and heroines.

Women's professional wrestling
Professional wrestling is a dramatic enactment of wrestling as a spectator sport. As is the norm for this sport, women's professional wrestling is organized by wrestling federations called promotions. Some promotions are exclusively for women, while others have separate divisions for women. Among the nations that have women's professional wrestling are Australia, Bolivia, Canada, Japan, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Bharath Sriraman
Bharath Sriraman (born 1971) is an Indian-born Professor of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Montana–Missoula and an academic editor, known for his contributions to the interdisciplinarity of mathematics-science-arts, theory development in mathematics education, creativity research, the history and philosophy of mathematics, and gifted education.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
John Henry Williams (politician)
John Henry Williams (19 May 1869 – 7 February 1936), also known as Snowden Williams, was a Liverpool-born Welsh Labour Party politician.

Educated in Cardiff, Oxford and at the London Hospital, he graduated with the Licence of the Society of Apothecaries (LSA) in 1902.

He was initially employed as a ship's surgeon for the Booth Shipping Line, before becoming a general practitioner in Burry Port, Carmarthenshire. He was elected to Burry Port Urban District Council, serving as its chairman. He was also a member of Carmarthenshire County Council where he was the chairman of the health committee and of the child welfare committee.

At the 1922 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Llanelli, and held the seat until he died from pneumonia in 1936.

Carmarthenshire County Council
Carmarthenshire County Council (Welsh: Cyngor Sir Gâr or Cyngor Sir Gaerfyrddin) is the local authority for the county of Carmarthenshire, Wales. It provides a range of services including education, planning, transport, social services and public safety. The council is one of twenty-two unitary authorities that came into existence on 1 April 1996 under the provisions of the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994. It took over local government functions previously provided by the three district councils of Carmarthen, Dinefwr, and Llanelli, as well as the county-level services in the area from Dyfed County Council, all of which councils were abolished at the same time.

The council is based at County Hall in Carmarthen.
2024 Lima Challenger – Doubles
Mateus Alves and Eduardo Ribeiro were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Hady Habib and Trey Hilderbrand won the title after defeating Pedro Boscardin Dias and Pedro Sakamoto 7–5, 6–3 in the final.

Trey Hilderbrand
Trey Hilderbrand (born May 15, 2000) is an American tennis player.

Hilderbrand has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 620 achieved on March 3, 2025 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 100 achieved on February 16, 2026.

Hilderbrand has won 4 ATP Challenger doubles titles.

Hilderbrand played college tennis at UCF before transferring to Texas A&M.