hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caldermeade
Caldermeade is a locality in Victoria, Australia, 71 kilometres (44 mi) south-east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Caldermeade recorded a population of 181 at the 2021 census.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.
Ambalal Sarabhai
Ambalal Sarabhai (23 February 1890 – 13 July 1967) was an Indian industrialist, philanthropist, institution builder, and a supporter of Mahatma Gandhi. He was born in a Śvetāmbara Jain and Shrimali family. He served as the chairman and promoter of Calico Mills and founded the Sarabhai Group of Companies. He also was a participant in the Indian independence movement.

Ambalal was the great-grandson of Maganbhai Karamchand (1823–64), one of Ahemdabad's wealthiest Jain financiers.

After Gandhi decided to admit an untouchable family in his Kochrab Ashram, Mangaldas Girdhardas decided to stop funding to his ashram. At this time, Sarabhai stepped up to fund the Ashram and gave ₹13000 to Gandhi, which covered two years of expenses.

Shrimal Jain
Shrimal (Srimal) Jain  is an ancient Jain community, originally from Rajasthan, Shrimal or Bhinmal town in southern Rajasthan. They were traditionally wealthy merchants and money lenders and were prominent ministers at the court of Rajput kings as treasurers and ministers, holding the titles of Dewan or Durbari. Descendants of this caste are well known for business acumen and are in possession of Havelis and mansions given to them as gifts from kings for their service as royal treasurers, ministers, courtiers and advisors.
Chitta Basu (director)
Chitta Bose (1907–1993), born as Chittaranjan Bose and also known as Chitta Basu was an Indian film director. He is one of the renowned film directors of West Bengal during the 1960s. He was born on 26 November 1907 in a middle-class family in the Khulna District of present-day Bangladesh.

Khulna District
Khulna District (Bengali: খুলনা জেলা) is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division, bordered in the north by Jashore District and Narail District, in the south by the Bay of Bengal, in the east by Bagerhat District, and the west by Satkhira District. It was the first sub-division of the United Bengal Province established in 1842. On 1 June 1882, by notification of the official gazette published from Kolkata, Khulna and Bagerhat sub-division of Jashore district and Satkhira sub-division of 24 Parganas district together formed the new district of Khulna.
Veterans of the 36th Infantry, Texas National Guard Monument
The Veterans of the 36th Infantry, Texas National Guard Monument is an outdoor memorial commemorating soldiers of the 36th Infantry, Texas National Guard, installed on the Texas State Capitol grounds in Austin, Texas, United States. The monument, designed by an unknown artist, was erected in 1959. It is made of Texas Sunset Red Granite and features the unit's "T-Patch" shoulder insignia.

Texas State Capitol
The Texas State Capitol is the capitol and seat of government of the U.S. state of Texas. Located in downtown Austin, Texas, the structure houses the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and of the Governor of Texas. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.

The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth-tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. The capitol was ranked 92nd in the 2007 "America's Favorite Architecture" poll commissioned by the American Institute of Architects.
Georges Quay
George's Quay is a street and quay in Dublin on the southern bank of the River Liffey. It is located between Burgh Quay and Hawkins Street to the west, and City Quay and Talbot Memorial Bridge to the east.

Talbot Memorial Bridge
The Talbot Memorial Bridge (Irish: Droichead Cuimhneacháin an Talbóidigh)  is a road bridge spanning the River Liffey in Dublin, Ireland. Completed in 1978, it is 22 metres (72 feet) wide, and was designed by De Leuw, Chadwick and O’hEocha Consulting Engineers. The bridge marks the furthest point up to the Liffey to which tall ships may travel, as all bridges downriver of it are either swingbridges or bascule.

The bridge links Memorial Road (and Custom House Quay) on the north bank of the river to Moss Street (and City Quay) on the south bank. Memorial Road was named in commemoration of those members of the Dublin Brigade who died during the Irish War of Independence - notably those who died in a raid on the nearby Custom House. The "Talbot" reference in the bridge's name is in remembrance of Matt Talbot. Talbot was a temperance campaigner from Dublin's Northside, a statue of whom stands at the south end of the bridge.
Jānis Endzelīns
Jānis Endzelīns (22 February 1873 – 1 July 1961), sometimes known by the Russian name Ivan Martynovich Endzelin (Russian: Иван Мартынович Эндзелин), was a Latvian linguist. He graduated from the University of Tartu. In 1908, he and Kārlis Mīlenbahs developed the modern Latvian alphabet, which slowly replaced the old orthography used before.

He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1936. His son was chess master Lūcijs Endzelīns and his daughter Līvija Endzelīna became a successful painter.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Sverre Reiten
Sverre Reiten (14 December 1891 – 12 July 1965) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party. He was born in Grytten Municipality.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal in 1945, but was not re-elected in 1949. Instead he served the terms 1954–1957 and 1958–1961 as a deputy representative.

Reiten was a member of the executive committee of the municipal council of Øre Municipality in 1928–1931 and 1937–1940, later serving as mayor in 1945, 1951–1955 and 1955–1957 and deputy mayor in 1945–1946. He was also the county mayor of Møre og Romsdal in the periods 1951–1955 and 1955–1957.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila
Laurent-Désiré Kabila, the president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, was assassinated in his office inside his official residence at the Palais de Marbre, Kinshasa on 16 January 2001. The assassin who killed him was his 18-year-old bodyguard, Rashidi Mizele, who has also been previously identified as Rashidi Kasereka. Mizele was later shot dead. It was believed that some former child soldiers (kadogos) were part of this plan.

Frederick Chiluba
Frederick Jacob Titus Chiluba (30 April 1943 – 18 June 2011) was a Zambian politician who was the second president of Zambia from 1991 to 2002. Chiluba, a trade union leader, won the country's multi-party presidential election in 1991 as the candidate of the Movement for Multi-party Democracy (MMD), defeating long-time President Kenneth Kaunda. He was re-elected in 1996. As he was unable to run for a third term in 2001, former Vice President Levy Mwanawasa instead ran as the MMD candidate and succeeded him. After leaving office, Chiluba was the subject of a long investigation and trial regarding alleged corruption; he was eventually acquitted in 2009.
Vytautas Kubilius
Vytautas Kubilius (November 23, 1928,  Aukštadvarys, Rokiškis district, Lithuania — February 17, 2004, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian literary critic and political activist.

Kubilius was an author of numerous articles and monographs about Lithuanian literature and writers. He took part in Sąjūdis movement, and was a co-founder of the Lithuanian Citizens' Charter movement (Lietuvos piliečių chartija) and the chairman of its Council since 1991.

Kubilius was the father of Andrius Kubilius, a Lithuanian politician. He was fatally hit by a motorist at a crosswalk in Vilnius on February 17, 2004. He was awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas (1998).

Andrius Kubilius
Andrius Kubilius (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ˈɐnʲdʲrʲʊs kʊˈbɪlʲʊs]; born 8 December 1956) is a Lithuanian politician who is currently serving as the European Commissioner for Defence and Space in the Second von der Leyen Commission. He previously served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2024 and as Prime Minister of Lithuania from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012. He was the leader of the conservative political party Homeland Union from 2003 to 2015, of which he continues to be a member.
Washtenaw Intermediate School District
The Washtenaw Intermediate School District (Washtenaw ISD) is an intermediate school district in Michigan, headquartered in Ann Arbor.

Most of Washtenaw County is served by the Washtenaw Intermediate School District, which coordinates the efforts of local boards of education, but has no operating authority over schools. Local school boards in Michigan retain great autonomy over day-to-day operations.

Superintendent (education)
In the American education system, a superintendent or superintendent of schools is an administrator of a school district, a local government body overseeing public schools. All school principals in a respective school district report to the superintendent.

The role and powers of the superintendent vary among areas according to Sharp and Walter, a popularly held opinion is that "the most important role of the board of education is to hire its superintendent."
Indira Bajramović
Indira Bajramović is a Roma activist and economist who has been working to improve the condition of Roma women in Bosnia and Herzegovina for over 20 years. She is the director of the Association of Roma Women 'Better Future' (local name 'Bolja budućnost') from Tuzla.

Bajramović has worked to provide aid and relief to rural Roma villages, and also advocated for Roma people to have equal opportunity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, Bajramović has focused on raising awareness about the difficulties faced by unemployed Roma women and victims of domestic violence and abuse.

Abuse
Abuse is the act of improper usage or treatment of a person or thing, often to unfairly or improperly gain benefit. Abuse can come in many forms, such as: physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, assault, violation, rape, unjust practices, crimes, or other types of aggression. Some sources describe abuse as "socially constructed", which means there may be more or less recognition of the suffering of a victim at different times and societies.
Carey Baker
Carey Baker (born March 16, 1963) is an American politician and Army veteran who served as the property appraiser of Lake County, Florida, from 2013 to 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served in the Florida Senate from 2004 to 2010 and in the Florida House of Representatives from 2000 to 2004.

Baker is also the owner of the A.W. Peterson Gun Shop. He was the first state or federal elected official to serve in Operation Iraqi Freedom while also holding elected office.

Republican Party of Florida
The Republican Party of Florida (RPOF), also called the Florida Republican Party, is the affiliate of the Republican Party in the U.S. state of Florida.   It is currently the state's dominant party, controlling 20 out of 28 of Florida's United States House of Representatives seats, both United States Senate seats, the Governor of Florida and all other statewide offices, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.

The Republican Party held power in state politics during the Reconstruction era after the American Civil War and included African American legislators and officials. Democrats regained power in Florida and across the South until the 1960s.
Madeleine Buonaiuti
Madeleine Buonaiuti (d. 1580), was a French court official. She served as dame d'atours to the queen of France, Catherine de' Medici from 1552, and as such the deputy Première dame d'honneur in 1552–1560.

Première dame d'honneur
Première dame d'honneur (French pronunciation: [pʁəmjɛʁ dam dɔnœʁ], lit. 'first lady of honour'), or simply dame d'honneur (lit. 'lady of honour'), was an office at the royal court of France. It existed in nearly all French courts from the 16th-century onward. Though the tasks of the post shifted, the dame d'honneur was normally the first or second rank of all ladies-in-waiting. The dame d'honneur was selected from the members of the highest French nobility.
LeAnn Shannon
LeAnn Shannon (born 1982) is a former American Paralympic athlete who competed in wheelchair racing events at international track and field competitions. She was the youngest Paralympic champion from the United States at the 1996 Summer Paralympics where she won three golds and one silver at the age of fourteen including breaking two world records, she had also competed at 1996 Summer Olympics in the 800m wheelchair demonstration event. She was paralysed in a car accident when she was less than one year old.

Shannon attended Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine at Florida International University, she is studying radiology at Vanderbilt Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee. She was the first person in her family to graduate with a Doctor of Medicine degree.

Wheelchair racing
Wheelchair racing is the racing of wheelchairs in track and road races. Wheelchair racing is open to athletes with any qualifying type of disability, including leg amputees, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy. Athletes are classified in accordance with the nature and severity of their disability or combinations of disabilities. Like running, it can take place on a track or as a road race. The main competitions take place at the Summer Paralympics which wheelchair racing and athletics has been a part of since 1960. Competitors compete in specialized wheelchairs which allow the athletes to reach speeds of 30 km/h (18.6 mph) or more. It is one of the most prominent forms of Paralympic athletics.
Chaturale
Chaturale (Nepali: चतुराले) is a village in the Nuwakot District of Nepal. The Chaturale village lies in between two rivers, Dhade Khola and Sindure Khola. Chaturale is now located in Kakani Rural Municipality ward no 7. Chaturale is named after its founder, Chatur Bhuj Ale. The biggest occasion is mainly celebrated in Chaturale bazar.

Nuwakot District
Nuwakot District (Nepali: नुवाकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Bidur as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,121 km2 (433 sq mi) and had a population of 288,478 in 2001 and 277,471 in 2011.

The district contains places of historical significance such as the town of Nuwakot, and the village of Devighat (the death place of Prithvi Narayan Shah) located at the confluence of the Tadi and Trishuli Rivers. Kakani is popular among Nepalese people as a touristic place and picnic spot.
Mount Elkins
Mount Elkins, also known as Jökelen (which means "The Glacier") is a dark, steep-sided mountain with three major peaks, the highest 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) above sea level, in the Napier Mountains of Enderby Land. Enderby Land is part of East Antarctica and is claimed by Australia as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory. The mountain was named after Terence James Elkins, an ionospheric physicist with the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions at Mawson Station in 1960.

Territorial claims in Antarctica
Seven sovereign states – Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom – have made eight territorial claims in Antarctica. These countries have tended to place their Antarctic scientific observation and study facilities within their respective claimed territories; however, a number of such facilities are located outside of the area claimed by their respective countries of operation, and countries without claims such as Belgium, China, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, Russia, South Africa (SANAE), Spain, Ukraine, and the United States have constructed research facilities within the areas claimed by other countries. There are overlaps among the territories claimed by Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom.
Akyar, Russia
Akyar (Russian: Акъяр) is the name of several rural localities in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia:

Akyar, Khaybullinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Akyarsky Selsoviet of Khaybullinsky District

Akyar, Miyakinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Kacheganovsky Selsoviet of Miyakinsky District

Akyar, Miyakinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Akyar (Russian: Акъяр; Bashkir: Аҡъяр, Aqyar) is a rural locality (a village) in Kacheganovsky Selsoviet, Miyakinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 51 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.
Shamma'iya Madrasa
The Shamma'iya Madrasa (Arabic: مدرسة الشماعية, romanized: Madrasa ash-Shamma'iya) is a historic madrasa of the Medina of Tunis. Founded by the Hafsids in the 13th century, it was the first madrasa to be built in the Maghreb.

Medina of Tunis
The Medina of Tunis is the medina quarter of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979.

The Medina contains some 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums, madrasas and fountains dating from various periods.
Aguas Buenas barrio-pueblo
Aguas Buenas barrio-pueblo is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Aguas Buenas, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,711.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

Fiestas patronales in Puerto Rico
Fiestas patronales in Puerto Rico are yearly celebrations held in each municipality of the island. Like in other countries, "fiestas patronales" are heavily influenced by Spanish culture and religion, and are dedicated to a saint or the Blessed Virgin Mary under one of her titles.

The festivities usually include religious processions honoring its Catholic heritage. However, elements of African and local culture have been incorporated as well. They also feature parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment.
2013 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 2013 U.S. Figure Skating Championships was the national figure skating championships of the United States for the 2012–13 season.

The event was held at the CenturyLink Center Omaha in Omaha, Nebraska on January 19–27, 2013. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing at the senior, junior and novice levels. For the first time, the event was expanded to include juvenile and intermediate level competitions, previously held at a separate event. The results are part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2013 World Junior Championships, 2013 Four Continents Championships and 2013 World Championships.

2012–13 figure skating season
The 2012–13 figure skating season began on July 1, 2012, and ended on June 30, 2013. During this season, elite skaters from men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance competed on the International Skating Union (ISU) Championship level at the 2013 European, Four Continents, World Junior, and World Championships. They also competed in elite events such as the Grand Prix series and Junior Grand Prix series, culminating in the Grand Prix Final.
DirectX Video Acceleration
DirectX Video Acceleration (DXVA) is a Microsoft API specification for the Microsoft Windows and Xbox 360 platforms that allows video decoding to be hardware-accelerated. The pipeline allows certain CPU-intensive operations such as iDCT, motion compensation and deinterlacing to be offloaded to the GPU. DXVA 2.0 allows more operations, including video capturing and processing operations, to be hardware-accelerated as well.

DXVA works in conjunction with the video rendering model used by the video card. DXVA 1.0, which was introduced as a standardized API with Windows 2000 (DirectX 7), and is currently available on Windows 98 or later, can use either the overlay rendering mode or VMR 7/9. DXVA 2.0, available only on Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 and later OSs, integrates with Media Foundation (MF) and uses the Enhanced Video Renderer (EVR) present in MF, and is usually based on WDDM graphics drivers.

Codec
A codec is a computer hardware or software component that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder.

In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, and hence is a type of codec. Endec is a portmanteau of encoder/decoder.

A coder or encoder encodes a data stream or a signal for transmission or storage, possibly in encrypted form, and the decoder function reverses the encoding for playback or editing. Codecs are used in videoconferencing, streaming media, and video editing applications.
Who's Who in British History
Who's Who in British History is a multi-volume work composed of:

Who's Who in Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England, Richard Fletcher. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2002  ISBN 0-85683-114-X

Who's Who in Early Medieval England 1066-1272, Christopher Tyerman. Shepheard-Walwyn, London,  1996 ISBN 0-85683-091-7

Who's Who in Late Medieval England 1272-1485, M A Hicks. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 1991 ISBN 0-85683-092-5

Who's Who in Tudor England 1485-1603, C.R.N. Routh. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, PA. 2001 ISBN 0-8117-1639-2

Who's Who in Stuart Britain 1603-1714, C P Hill. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2001. ISBN 978-0-85683-110-2

Who's Who in Early Hanoverian Britain 1714-1789, G R R Treasure. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 1991. ISBN 978-0-85683-131-7

Who's Who in Late Hanoverian Britain 1789-1837, G R R Treasure. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2002. ISBN 978-0-85683-137-9

Who's Who in Victorian Britain, Roger Ellis. Shepheard-Walwyn, London, 2001. ISBN 978-0-85683-138-6

Christopher Tyerman
Christopher J. Tyerman FRHistS (born 22 May 1953) is a British academic and historian focusing on the Crusades. In 2015, he was appointed Professor of History of the Crusades at the University of Oxford.