hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brett Dutton
Brett Allan Dutton (born 18 November 1966) is an Australian former professional cyclist, who currently works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team St George Continental Cycling Team. He won the bronze medal in Men's team pursuit in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Dutton set the fastest time in the Goulburn to Sydney Classic in 1992 run from Goulburn to Liverpool.

Cycling at the 1988 Summer Olympics
The cycling competitions at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul consisted of two different categories: road cycling and track cycling. Nine events were contested, including the first women's sprint event at the Olympics.
Caproni Ca.90
The Caproni Ca.90 was a prototype heavy bomber designed and built by the Italian aircraft manufacturer Caproni. At the time of its maiden flight on 13 October 1929, it was the largest land-based aircraft then extant in the world; the First World War-era Siemens-Schuckert R.VIII having been slightly larger. Only one Ca.90 was ever built.

Although the Dornier Do X flying boat that flew later that same year had a larger wingspan and weight, the Ca.90 remained the largest land plane until the arrival of the Tupolev ANT-20 in 1934.

Isotta Fraschini
Isotta Fraschini (Italian pronunciation: [iˈzɔtta fraˈskiːni]) is an Italian luxury car manufacturer, also producing trucks, as well as engines for marine and aviation use. Founded in Milan, Italy, in 1900 by Cesare Isotta and the brothers Vincenzo, Antonio, and Oreste Fraschini, in 1955 it was merged with engine manufacturer Breda Motori and renamed F.A. Isotta Fraschini e Motori Breda.
Mont d'Or (Jura Mountains)
Mont d'Or (French: Le Mont d'Or) is a mountain of the Jura, located in the French department of Doubs and extending into the Swiss canton of Vaud. Its main summit is 1,463 metre-high and lies within France, 500 metres north of the border with Switzerland (1,380 m). The mountain is located between Jougne, France and Vallorbe, Switzerland.

Mont d'Or is notable for its limestone cirque on the east side. Near the highest point of the Swiss border is the Cabane du Mont d'Or, a mountain hut owned by the Swiss Alpine Club. In winter, Mont d'Or also includes a ski area within France. Several ski lifts are located on both west and east sides of the mountain.

Swiss Alpine Club
The Swiss Alpine Club (German: Schweizer Alpen-Club, French: Club Alpin Suisse, Italian: Club Alpino Svizzero, Romansh: Club Alpin Svizzer) is the largest mountaineering club in Switzerland. It was founded in 1863 in Olten and it is now composed of 110 sections with 174,726 members (2023). These include the Association of British Members of the Swiss Alpine Club.

Founded 15 years after the modern Swiss state, the Swiss Alpine Club (SAC) has been credited with playing a role in shaping national identity by promoting knowledge of the Alps and contributing to topographic mapping. Several Swiss cabinet members have belonged to the SAC over the years.
Count of Idanha-a-Nova
Count of Idanha-a-Nova was a Portuguese title of nobility created on two occasions.

The first creation, on 1 November 1582, by Philip I of Portugal.

Title holders:

Pedro de Alcáçova Carneiro (1515 - 1593), 1st Count of Idanha-a-Nova, secretary of kings John III and Sebastian I of Portugal and Vedor da Fazenda of kings Sebastian I and Philip I of Portugal.

The second creation, on 17 June 1892, by Carlos I of Portugal.

Title holders:

Jerónimo Trigueiros de Aragão Martel da Costa, 1st Count of Idanha-a-Nova

Joaquim Trigueiros Osório de Aragão, 2nd Count of Idanha-a-Nova

Joaquim Maria Trigueiros Coelho Frazão Osório de Aragão Martel, 3rd Count of Idanha-a-Nova;

Maria de la Salette Trigueiros Coelho Frazão Osório de Aragão Martel, 4th Count of Idanha-a-Nova

Carlos I of Portugal
Dom Carlos I (Carlos Fernando Luís Maria Víctor Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis José Simão; 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908), known as "the Diplomat" (o Diplomata), "the Oceanographer" (o Oceanógrafo) among many other names, was King of Portugal from 1889 until his assassination in 1908. He was the first Portuguese king to die a violent death since King Sebastian in 1578, the only one to be assassinated, and penultimate Portuguese head of state to die a violent death.
Tirto Adhi Soerjo
Tirto Adhi Soerjo (EYD: Tirto Adhi Suryo, born Djokomono; c. 1880 – 7 December 1918) was an Indonesian journalist known for his sharp criticism of the Dutch colonial government. Born to a noble Javanese family in Blora, Central Java, Tirto first studied to become a physician but later focused on journalism. A freelancer since 1894, in 1902 he was made an editor of the Batavia (now Jakarta) based Pembrita Betawi. Tirto established his first newspaper in 1903 and, four years later, created Medan Prijaji as a medium for educated native Indonesians. This proved his longest-lived publication, lasting over five years before Tirto was exiled in 1912 to Bacan for his staunch anti-colonial criticism.

Medan Prijaji is recognised as the first truly "Indonesian" newspaper, and Tirto has been called the father of Indonesian journalism. He was made a National Hero of Indonesia in 2006. The main character in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Buru Quartet is based on him.

Indonesian orthography
Indonesian orthography refers to the official spelling system used in the Indonesian language. The current system uses the Latin script and is called Ejaan yang Disempurnakan (EYD), commonly translated as Enhanced Spelling, Perfected Spelling or Improved Spelling.
Dame (surname)
Dame is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edmond Dame (1893–1956), French sport wrestler

Enid Dame (1943–2003), American poet and writer

Gilman M. Dame, American politician

Harriet Patience Dame (1815–1900), American Civil War nurse

Harry A. Dame (1878–1933), American football player and coach

Napoleon Dame (1913–2006), Canadian ice hockey player

Paul Dame, American politician

Pierrette Dame (born 1936), French archer

Tom Dame, American astronomer

William H. Dame (1819–1884), American politician

Tom Dame
Thomas M. Dame is Director of the Radio Telescope Data Center at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, a Senior Radio Astronomer at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and a Lecturer on Astronomy at Harvard University. He is best known for mapping the Milky Way galaxy in carbon monoxide and for the discovery of both the Far 3 kpc Arm and the Outer Scutum–Centaurus Arm of the Milky Way.
Philippines at the 2017 Summer Universiade
The Philippines participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade in Taipei, Taiwan, from 19 to 30 August 2017.

University of Baguio student and wushu practitioner, Jomar Balangui won a silver medal in the men’s sanda 52-kg event which is the sole medal for the Philippines in this edition of the Universiade.

2017 Summer Universiade
The 2017 Summer Universiade (Chinese: 2017年夏季世界大學運動會; pinyin: Èr líng yī qī Nián Xiàjì Shìjiè Dàxué Yùndònghuì), officially known as the XXIX Summer Universiade (Chinese: 第二十九屆夏季世界大學運動會; pinyin: Dì èrshíjiǔ jiè xiàjì shìjiè dàxué yùndònghuì) and commonly called Taipei 2017 (Chinese: 台北2017; pinyin: Táiběi Èr líng yī qī), was a multi-sport event, sanctioned by the International University Sports Federation (FISU), held in the city of Taipei, Taiwan. It took place from August 19 to August 30, 2017.
Möng Yang
Möng Yang (Shan: မိူင်းယၢင်း; Tai Nüa: ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥕᥣᥒᥰ; Burmese: မိုးညှင်း; Chinese: 孟养), also known as Mohnyin, was a Shan state in what is today Burma. It was an outlying territory, located away from the main Shan State area in present-day Kachin State. For much of their histories, Möng Yang and Möng Kawng were closely linked and could often be considered the same state, only being regarded as separate when paying tribute to a dominant external power.

Tai Nuea language
Tai Nuea or Tai Nüa (ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥫᥴ, pronounced [tai˥.lə˧˥] (Mangshi) or ᥖᥭᥰ ᥢᥫᥴ, [tɑi˥˧.nə˥] (Menglian); Chinese: 傣那语; pinyin: Dǎinàyǔ; တဲးနိူဝ်, တႆးၼိူဝ်; Burmese: တိုင်းနေ; Thai: ภาษาไทเหนือ, pronounced [pʰāːsǎː tʰāj nɯ̌a]), also called Dehong Tai (Chinese: 德宏傣语; pinyin: Déhóng Dǎiyǔ; Thai: ภาษาไทใต้คง, pronounced [pʰāːsǎː tʰāj tâːj.kʰōŋ]) and Chinese Shan, is one of the languages spoken by the Dai people in China, especially in the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Yunnan Province. It is closely related to the other Tai languages and could be considered a dialect of Shan. It should not be confused with Tai Lü (Xishuangbanna Dai).
Tetraiodoethylene
Tetraiodoethylene, TIE or diiodoform, is an organoiodine compound with the chemical formula C2I4. Its structure is I2C=CI2. It is an odourless yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in benzene and chloroform, and insoluble in water. It has been used as an antiseptic and a component in pesticide and fungicide formulations. It is the periodinated analogue of ethylene. It is a decomposition product of carbon tetraiodide and diiodoacetylene.

Tetraiodoethylene reacts with ethylamine to give ethylamine di-tetraiodoethylene, CH3CH2NH2·(C2I4)2, and ethylamine tetraiodoethylene, CH3CH2NH2·C2I4. Tetraiodoethylene and iodine pentafluoride yield iodopentafluoroethane.

Tetraiodoethylene turns brown and emits a characteristic odour due to decomposition when exposed to light.

Organoiodine chemistry
Organoiodine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organoiodine compounds, or organoiodides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–iodine bonds.  They occur widely in organic chemistry, but are relatively rare in nature.  The thyroxine hormones are organoiodine compounds that are required for health and the reason for government-mandated iodization of salt.
Tees Valley Railway
The Tees Valley Railway was an 8+3⁄4-mile (14.1 km) branch railway line that ran between Barnard Castle on the South Durham & Lancashire Union Railway line between Bishop Auckland and Kirkby Stephen East, and Middleton-in-Teesdale via three intermediate stations Cotherstone, Romaldkirk and Mickleton.

Bishop Auckland railway station
Bishop Auckland is a railway station that serves the market town of Bishop Auckland in County Durham, North East England, 11 miles 77 chains (19.3 km) north-west of Darlington. The station is the Western terminus of the Tees Valley Line, which links it to Saltburn via Darlington. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Cape Government Railways 8th Class locomotives
The Cape Government Railways 8th Class locomotives include seven locomotive models, all designated 8th Class irrespective of differences in wheel arrangement.

When the Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, the three Colonial government railways (Cape Government Railways, Natal Government Railways and Central South African Railways) were united under a single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. In 1912, the Cape Government Railways 8th Class locomotives were grouped into seven different sub-classes on the new South African Railways.

2-8-0 wheel arrangement

CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1901 (SAR Class 8X)

CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1903 (SAR Class 8Y)

CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1904 (SAR Class 8Z)

4-8-0 wheel arrangement

CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1902 (SAR Class 8)

CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1903 (SAR Class 8D)

CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1903 Experimental (SAR Class 8E)

CGR 8th Class 4-8-0 1904 (SAR Class 8F)

South African Class 8 4-8-0
The South African Railways Class 8 4-8-0 of 1902 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1902 and 1903, the Cape Government Railways placed 23 8th Class steam locomotives with a 4-8-0 Mastodon type wheel arrangement in service, three on the Cape Western System, eight on the Cape Midland System and twelve on the Cape Eastern System. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered, but retained their Class 8 classification.
Hakea flabellifolia
Hakea flabellifolia, commonly known as the fan-leaved hakea or wedge hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic   to an area along the west coast in the Mid West and Wheatbelt regions of Western Australia.

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
National Presbyterian Church in Chile
The church was a result of a split in the Presbyterian Church in Chile. The National Presbyterian Church in Chile was formed on July 2, 1944 in Santiago de Chile at the Holy Trinity Church. The attendance was about 500. At that time young Chilean leaders argued that the Presbyterian Church in Chile become an elitist church and not interested in growth and evangelism. In 1945 the church adopted the name of the National Evangelical Presbyterian Church. The church was supported by Dutch, Korean and Australian missionaries. In 1960 the church suffered a split, the National Fundamentalist Presbyterian Church was founded.

The denomination has 25 congregations and approximately  1,500 members served by 14 pastors. The church recognise the Westminster Confession of Faith, Heidelberg catechism, Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed.

Koreans
Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of Koreans live in the two Korean sovereign states of North and South Korea, which are collectively referred to as Korea. As of 2021, an estimated 7.3 million ethnic Koreans resided outside of Korea. Koreans are also an officially recognised ethnic minority in other several Continental and East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan. Outside of Continental and East Asia, sizeable Korean communities have formed in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Pellaea glabella
Pellaea glabella is a fern with the common name smooth cliffbrake.  It was once regarded as a reduced form or variety of Pellaea atropurpurea.  P. glabella is known to exist in two cryptic species, one diploid and one tetraploid.  The diploid reproduces sexually, while the tetraploid is normally apogamous. It is now known that the tetraploid form of the species is one of the parents of the original hybrid P. × atropurpurea that became the apogamous species.

Apomixis
In botany, apomixis is asexual development of seed or embryo without fertilization.

Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant, except in nonrecurrent apomixis.  Its etymology is Greek for "away from" + "mixing".

Normal asexual reproduction of plants, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, has never been considered to be apomixis. In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin.

In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds. Although agamospermy could theoretically occur in gymnosperms, it appears to be absent in that group.

Some authors included all forms of asexual reproduction within apomixis, but that generalization of the term has since died out.
Monnechroma
Monnechroma is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

Monnechroma azureum (Demets, 1976)

Monnechroma hovorei (Giesbert, 1998)

Monnechroma seabrai (Fragoso & Monné, 1989)

Monnechroma subpulvereum (Schmidt, 1924)

Monnechroma tibiale (Giesbert, 1987)

Monnechroma uniforme (Gounelle, 1911)

The genus is a nomen novum for Martin Schmidt's subgenus Xenochroma (later raised to genus status); the genus Xenochroma was a senior homonym. Miguel A. Monné is the namesake of the genus Monnechroma.

Xenochroma
Xenochroma is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

As of 2020, the following nine species are recognized:

Xenochroma aetherea (Debauche, 1941)

Xenochroma angulosa Herbulot, 1984

Xenochroma candidata Warren, 1902

Xenochroma dyschlorata (Warren, 1914)

Xenochroma palimpais Prout L. B., 1934

Xenochroma planimargo Prout L. B., 1912

Xenochroma roseimargo Janse, 1935

Xenochroma salsa (Warren, 1897)

Xenochroma silvatica Herbulot, 1984
Fast Forward (Spyro Gyra album)
Fast Forward is the fourteenth album by the American jazz group Spyro Gyra, released in 1990 by GRP Records. On this album only, the band was billed on the album cover as "Spyro Gyra featuring Jay Beckenstein". At Billboard magazine, the album peaked at No. 117 on the Top 200 Albums chart.

Jeff Beal
Jeff Beal (born June 20, 1963) is an American composer of music for film, television, recordings, and the concert hall. Highly regarded as a jazz instrumentalist and versatile composer, Beal creates music that often incorporates a synthesis of improvisatory and composed elements.
French frigate Cornélie (1797)
The Cornélie was a 40-gun Virginie-class frigate of the French Navy.

In April 1799, along with Vengeance and Sémillante, she fought against HMS St Fiorenzo and HMS Amelia.

On 4 August 1803 Cornélie sortied from Toulon as part of a squadron of four frigates and some corvettes. Cornélie captured the schooner HMS Redbridge and the water transport that Redbridge was escorting from Malta to Admiral Nelson's fleet.

She took part in the Battle of Cape Finisterre and in the Battle of Trafalgar.

On 14 June 1808, The Spanish captured a French squadron at Cádiz that included Cornélie. The Spaniards then brought her into Spanish service as Cornelia. She was sold at Havana on 21 October 1815 and broken up.

Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)
In the Battle of Cape Finisterre (22 July 1805) off Galicia, Spain, the British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder fought an indecisive naval battle against the combined Franco-Spanish fleet which was returning from the West Indies. In the ensuing battle the British captured two Spanish ships of the line, but failed to prevent the joining of French Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve's fleet to the squadron of Ferrol and to strike the shattering blow that would have freed Great Britain from the danger of an invasion. Calder was later court-martialled and severely reprimanded for his failure and for avoiding the renewal of the engagement on 23 and 24 July. At the same time, in the aftermath Villeneuve elected not to continue on to Brest, where his fleet could have joined with other French ships to clear the English Channel for an invasion of Great Britain.
Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and other language films alongside TV series. Gupta has received several awards including three National Film Awards, a Filmfare Award and two Filmfare OTT Awards.

Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a young widow in Woh Chokri (1994) and for Uunchai (2022). In 2018, she saw career resurgence for starring as a middle-aged pregnant woman in the comedy-drama Badhaai Ho, for which she won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics) and received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.

Gupta's television appearances include a leading role in the drama series Saans (1999) and as the host of the Indian version of the television quiz show The Weakest Link, named Kamzor Kadii Kaun. In June 2021, publisher Penguin Random House India released her autobiography Sach Kahun Toh.

National School of Drama
National School of Drama (NSD) is a drama school situated at New Delhi, India. It is an autonomous organization under Ministry of Culture, Government of India. It was set up in 1959 by the Sangeet Natak Akademi and became an independent school in 1975. In 2005, it was granted deemed university status, but in 2011 it was revoked. Paresh Rawal is the current Chairperson & Chittaranjan Tripathy currently serves as Director of National School of Drama (NSD).
Chapa Dara District
Chapa Dara District (Pashto: چپه دره ولسوالۍ) is situated in the western part of Kunar Province in eastern Afghanistan. It has a population of around 100,000 residents as of 2023. The majority are ethnic Pashtuns. There may also be some Pashai. The district consists of a mountainous terrain. The capital of the district is Chapa Dara.

Chapa Dara District borders Nuristan Province to the north and northwest, Laghman Province to the southwest, and the Pech and Nurgal districts of Kunar Province to the east and south respectively. In the Digal valley region, remnants of the Indo-Aryan Nangalami (Grangali) language is still spoken in two villages.

Laghman Province
Laghmān (Pashto, Dari: لغمان), historically known as Lamghan, or Lamghanat, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 502,148, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. Laghman hosts a large number of historical landmarks, minarets, monuments, and other cultural relics that are manifestation of its old history and culture. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province.

In 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive.
Berkenthin (Amt)
Berkenthin is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Lauenburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Its seat is in Berkenthin.

The Amt Berkenthin consists of the following municipalities (population in 2005 between brackets):

Behlendorf (393)

Berkenthin (2,027)

Bliestorf (693)

Düchelsdorf (159)

Göldenitz (229)

Kastorf (1,146)

Klempau (601)

Krummesse (1,566)

Niendorf bei Berkenthin (187)

Rondeshagen (864)

Sierksrade (308)

53°43′01″N 10°39′00″E﻿ / ﻿53.717°N 10.650°E﻿ / 53.717; 10.650

District of Duchy of Lauenburg
Duchy of Lauenburg (German: Herzogtum Lauenburg [ˈhɛʁtsoːktuːm ˈlaʊənbʊʁk] ⓘ) is the southernmost Kreis, or district, officially called District of Duchy of Lauenburg (German: Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg), of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bordered by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Stormarn, the city of Lübeck, the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (districts of Nordwestmecklenburg and Ludwigslust-Parchim), the state of Lower Saxony (districts of Lüneburg and Harburg), and the city state of Hamburg. The district of Herzogtum Lauenburg is named after the former Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg.