hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Protea namaquana
Protea namaquana, also known as the Kamiesberg sugarbush, is a flowering plant which belongs to the genus Protea. The plant is endemic to the southwestern Cape Region of South Africa, in particular the Kamiesberg mountains of Namaqualand in the Northern Cape province. The species has a worldwide distribution of only 18 km2. It is regarded as critically endangered. In the Afrikaans language it has the vernacular name is Kamiesbergsuikerbos.

Cape Floristic Region
The Cape Floral Region is a floristic region located near the southern tip of South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape Floristic Province.

The Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, is an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, and is home to over 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.

Much of this diversity is associated with the fynbos biome, a Mediterranean-type, fire-prone shrubland. The economical worth of fynbos biodiversity, based on harvests of fynbos products (e.g. wildflowers) and eco-tourism, is estimated to be in the region of R77 million (~US$5 million) a year.
Hasmonean walls
31°46′32″N 35°13′42″E﻿ / ﻿31.77556°N 35.22833°E﻿ / 31.77556; 35.22833

The Hasmonean walls or First Wall (Hebrew: החומה הראשונהcode: heb promoted to code: he ) surrounded Jerusalem and was built in the late 2nd century BCE by the Hasmonean Kingdom. The walls encircled the city during the Second Temple period. The walls were mostly destroyed later in the century, and parts of the ruins were buried under the palace of King Herod. In many places, only the wall's foundations remain intact. The first excavations occurred in the 19th century.

Herod's Palace (Jerusalem)
Herod's Palace at Jerusalem was built in the last quarter of the 1st century BC by King Herod the Great of Judea from 37 BC to 4 BC. It was the second most important building in Jerusalem, after the Temple itself; in Herod's day and was situated at the northwestern wall of the Upper City of Jerusalem (the Western Hill abandoned after the Babylonian sacking of Jerusalem). Herod lived in it as a principal residence, but not permanently, as he owned other palace-fortresses, notably at Masada, Herodium and Caesarea Maritima. Nothing remains of the Jerusalem Palace today except for portions of the surrounding wall-and-tower complex, much altered and generally known as "the Citadel" (see Tower of David). The site of the former palace is now occupied by the Tower of David Museum, a police station, and a former Turkish barracks/prison known as the Kishle.
Şilyan, Kurdamir
40°19′45″N 48°00′51″E﻿ / ﻿40.32917°N 48.01417°E﻿ / 40.32917; 48.01417

Şilyan (Shilyan) is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir District of Azerbaijan. The municipality consists of the villages of Şilyan and Qarasu.

Kurdamir District
Kurdamir district (Azerbaijani: Kürdəmir rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. Located in the centre of the country, it belongs to the Central Aran Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Zardab, Ujar, Goychay, Ismayilli, Agsu, Hajigabul, Sabirabad, and Imishli. Its capital and largest city is Kurdamir. As of 2020, the district had a population of 117,900.
Anti Indian
Anti Indian is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language political satire film written and directed by C. Elamaran and produced by Aadham Bava. The film stars  himself, Radha Ravi, Aadukalam Naren, 'Vazhakku En' Muthuraman, Velu Prabhakaran, Ghilli Maran, and Suresh Chakravarthy. The film was released on 10 December 2021.

Radha Ravi
Madras Rajagopalan Radhakrishnan Ravi mononymously called as Radha Ravi is an Indian actor and politician who played supporting roles throughout his career. He is the son of veteran actor M. R. Radha and the uncle of Vasu Vikram and half-brother of actresses Radhika & Nirosha. He is a former chief member of the Tamil Nadu Film Artistes' Association. He is known for his roles as antagonists in Tamil films and a he acted in the serial Chellamae. He is also known for his controversial criticism of other film personalities.

He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from Saidapet in 2001 as a member of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. He is one of the current state executive members of Tamil Nadu Bharatiya Janata Party.
18th Youth in Film Awards
The 18th Youth in Film Awards ceremony (now known as the Young Artist Awards), presented by the Youth in Film Association, honored outstanding youth performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film, television, music and radio for the 1995–1996 season, and took place in 1997 in Hollywood, California.

Established in 1978 by long-standing Hollywood Foreign Press Association member, Maureen Dragone, the Youth in Film Association was the first organization to establish an awards ceremony specifically set to recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film, television, theatre and music.

Alaska (1996 film)
Alaska is a 1996 American adventure survival film directed by Fraser Clarke Heston and produced by Carol Fuchs and Andy Burg. The story, written by Burg and Scott Myers, centers on two children who search through the Alaskan wilderness for their lost father. During their journey, they find a polar bear who helps lead them to their father.  However, a poacher with a desire to capture the bear follows close behind the children and the polar bear. The director's father, Charlton Heston, plays the main antagonist. The movie was filmed primarily in the Purcell Mountains of British Columbia in Canada and the city of Vancouver. The film was a box office bomb, grossing only $11,829,959 against a $24 million budget. It received negative reviews upon its release.
HMS Unicorn (1776)
HMS Unicorn was a 20-gun sixth-rate Sphinx-class post ship of the Royal Navy. Serving in the American Revolutionary War, she was captured by the French in 1781 and renamed Licorne, but was recaptured by the British a year later. Returned to Royal Navy service as Unicorn Prize, she was decommissioned in 1786 and broken up in the following year.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
Charles Bazire
Charles Bazire (1624–1677) was one of the first well documented businessmen of New France.

Bazire came to the New World in 1660 as  receiver general of duties and quickly became active in business, most notably real estate. After the formation of the French West India Company in 1664, he was their agent in New France where they held the fur-trading monopoly. By 1672 he was involved in the cod fishing industry with two fish factories. He also had land grants used for cutting timber.

He appears to have been the recipient of various land grants, both singly and in partnership, from Intendant Talon and Bishop Laval. All the business activities left a substantial estate at his death. With half his estate going to his wife, the remainder endowed a number of religious organizations. Some of note were the Jesuits, the Ursulines, the Hôtel-Dieu, and the Recollets.

Ursulines
The Ursulines, also known as the Order of Saint Ursula (post-nominals: OSU), is an enclosed religious order of women that in 1572 branched off from the Angelines, also known as the Company of Saint Ursula. The Ursulines trace their origins to the Angeline foundress Angela Merici and likewise place themselves under the patronage of Saint Ursula. While the Ursulines took up a monastic way of life under the Rule of Saint Augustine, the Angelines operate as a secular institute. The largest group within the Ursulines is the Ursulines of the Roman Union.
McGinty Mountain
McGinty Mountain is a gabbroic mountain located in San Diego County, California near Jamul. Because of the gabbroic soil, the mountain supports numerous rare and endemic plant species, including half of California's population of the Dehesa nolina (Nolina interrata). The mountain belongs to an ecological preserve collectively managed by The Nature Conservancy, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge. The mountain is accessible through a 4.7 mi (7.6 km) long out-and-back hiking trail.

Gabbro
Gabbro (/ˈɡæbroʊ/ GAB-roh) is a phaneritic (coarse-grained), mafic (magnesium- and iron-rich),  intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface. Slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro has the same chemical composition and mineralogy as rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt. Much of the Earth's oceanic crust is made of gabbro, formed at mid-ocean ridges. Gabbro is also found as plutons associated with continental volcanism. Due to its variant nature, the term gabbro may be applied loosely to a wide range of intrusive rocks, many of which are merely "gabbroic". It is often called "black granite" commercially, just as other intrusive rocks are called "granite" in the dimension stone industry. By rough analogy, gabbro is to basalt as granite is to rhyolite.
Ulla Johannsen
Ulla Johannsen (also credited as Milla Johansson) is an actress known for her appearances in supporting roles of various Italian films during the 1970s, such as The Sicilian Checkmate (1972), Flatfoot (1973), My Friends (1975), and Liebes Lager (1976).

While shooting an outdoor scene for the film Beach House (1978) on the bank of a stream near Viterbo, in which Johannsen and other actresses (including Ely Galleani) were completely naked, a crowd of onlookers gathered. This caused a traffic jam, so much so that soon after the police had to intervene, which led the actresses ending up at the police station and were released shortly after.

Flatfoot (film)
Flatfoot (Italian: Piedone lo sbirro) is a 1973 poliziottesco-comedy film directed by Steno. The film starring Bud Spencer obtained a great commercial success, generated three sequels. It is followed by Flatfoot in Hong Kong, Flatfoot in Africa and Flatfoot in Egypt. The title song is performed by Santo & Johnny.
2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the four U.S. representatives from the state of Arkansas, one from each of the state's four congressional districts. The elections coincided with the Arkansas gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the U.S. House of Representatives, elections to the U.S. Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections were held on May 24.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Coombe (ward)
Coombe was an electoral ward in the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames from 1965 to 2002. The ward was first used in the 1964 elections and last used for the 1998 elections. It returned two councillors to Kingston upon Thames London Borough Council. For elections to the Greater London Council, the ward was part of the Kingston upon Thames electoral division from 1965 to 1986.

Kingston upon Thames London Borough Council
Kingston upon Thames London Borough Council, which styles itself Kingston Council, is the local authority for the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames in Greater London, England. The council has been under Liberal Democrat majority control since 2018. It is based at Kingston upon Thames Guildhall.
Olive oil regulation and adulteration
Olive oil regulation and adulteration are complex issues overseen and studied by various governmental bodies, non-governmental organizations, and private researchers across the world. The most frequent type of adulteration is that oil of lower quality is mixed into olive oil.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Edward Layton (priest)
Edward Layton, D.D. was  an English Anglican priest in the 16th century.

Layton was born in Surrey and educated at the University of Oxford. He held livings at All Cannings, Wiltshire, and Cheriton, Hampshire. Layton was Archdeacon of Salisbury from 2 August 1539 until his resignation on 20 July 1546.

Archdeacon of Sarum
The Archdeacon of Sarum is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Salisbury, England. They are responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the five area deaneries of the Sarum archdeaconry, which cover the geographical areas of Alderbury, Chalke (west of Salisbury), Salisbury, Heytesbury and Stonehenge (north of Salisbury).

The post is currently vacant since Alan Jeans' retirement.
Nakajima Hiroyuki
Nakajima Hiroyuki (中嶋宏行, born February 17, 1956) is a contemporary Japanese artist and calligrapher from Chiba, Japan. He is best known for his modern interpretation of Japanese calligraphy (shodo) which he calls Sho art, a technique which combines the traditional elements of Japanese calligraphy (shodo) with the movements of tai chi and inspired by the symbols of zen and nature. Nakajima currently has studios in Chiba, Japan and Milan, Italy.

Japanese calligraphy
Japanese calligraphy (書道, Shodō), also called Shūji (習字), is a form of calligraphy, or artistic writing, of the Japanese language. Written Japanese was originally based on Chinese characters only, but the advent of the hiragana and katakana Japanese syllabaries resulted in intrinsically Japanese calligraphy styles.
All-Star Futures Game all-time roster
The All-Star Futures Game is an annual baseball exhibition game hosted by Major League Baseball (MLB) as part of its midsummer All-Star Game festivities. From 1999 to 2018, a team of prospects from the United States (excluding Puerto Rico) competed against a team of prospects from other countries around the world and Puerto Rico. In 2019, the format shifted to a team of players from American League organizations against players from National League organizations. Over 800 players have been selected to participate in the All-Star Futures game since its first installment in 1999.

Carter Kieboom
Carter Alswinn Kieboom (/ˈkiːbuːm/ KEE-boom; born September 3, 1997) is an American professional baseball third baseman in the Cleveland Guardians organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Nationals and Los Angeles Angels. He made his MLB debut in 2019.
Offenbach Ost station
Offenbach (Main) Ost station is the second most important station after Offenbach Hauptbahnhof in Offenbach am Main in the German state of Hesse. It is served exclusively by the Rhine-Main S-Bahn. Although Offenbach Hauptbahnhof is served by some Regional-Express services and a few intercity services each day, it is rated as a category 4 station, while Offenbach Ost station is rated as a category 3 station.

Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg, Austria and Slovakia,  the  Regional-Express (pronounced [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlʔɛksˌpʁɛs] ⓘ; RE, or in Austria and Slovakia: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with a top speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and an average speed of about 70–90 km/h (45–55 mph) as it calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn (in Austria: Regionalzug) or S-Bahn trains, but stops more often than Intercity or Intercity Express services.
Sonam Rinchen
Geshe Sonam Rinchen (1933–2013) was a Tibetan Buddhist scholar, writer, and teacher. He was born in Trehor region of Kham in Eastern Tibet in 1933. He died in Dharamshala, India, on 5 October 2013.

In 1945, he joined Dhargyey Monastery and entered the monastic university of Sera in Lhasa in 1952, where he studied until he was forced to flee Tibet in 1959.

In India, he completed his studies for the degree of Geshe Lharampa which he received in 1980. He also received the degree of Acarya from the Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies in Sarnath. He was appointed resident teacher at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in Dharamshala, India in 1978, where he taught Buddhist philosophy and practice, mainly to westerners. He has also taught in Japan, Australia, Great Britain, South Korea, Ireland, New Zealand, and Switzerland.

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.
The Industry Opera
The Industry Opera is a Los Angeles-based opera company that creates experimental productions. Founded in 2010 by Artistic Director Yuval Sharon, The Industry has created site-specific projects across Los Angeles.

The industry's projects include world premiere productions with composers Raven Chacon, Du Yun, Rand Steiger, Veronika Krausas, Marc Lowenstein, Andrew McIntosh, Andrew Norman, Ellen Reid, David Rosenboom, Christopher Cerrone, and Anne LeBaron, and new productions of works by John Cage, Lou Harrison, and Terry Riley through the company's Highway One series.

Raven Chacon
Raven Chacon (born 1977) is a Diné composer, musician, and artist. Born in Fort Defiance, Arizona within the Navajo Nation, Chacon became the first Native American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Music, for his Voiceless Mass in 2022.

He has also been a solo performer of noise music and worked with groups such as Postcommodity.
Royal Gait
Royal Gait (12 April 1983 – 30 December 1992) was a British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who won at the highest level in both Flat and National Hunt racing. Originally trained in Spain, where he won seven races, he was later moved to France where he became an outstanding performer over staying distances, winning the Prix du Cadran and Prix Royal Oak as a four-year-old in 1987. In the following year he won the Prix de Barbeville and the Prix Vicomtesse Vigier before being controversially disqualified after winning the Ascot Gold Cup. After a break of more than three years he was sent to the United Kingdom to compete in Hurdle races and won the 1992 Champion Hurdle. He collapsed and died after finishing fourth at Leopardstown Racecourse on 30 December 1992.

Prix de Barbeville
The Prix de Barbeville is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run over a distance of 3,100 metres (about 1 mile and 7½ furlongs) at Longchamp in late April or early May.
Draken International
Draken International, LLC is an American provider of tactical fighter aircraft for contract air services including military and defense industry customers. The firm is based at the Lakeland Linder International Airport in Lakeland, Florida, and also has operating bases at Kinston Regional Jetport and Kelly Field in San Antonio, Texas.

Draken offers airborne adversary support (Red Air), joint terminal attack controller (JTAC), close air support (CAS), flight training, threat simulation, electronic warfare support, aerial refueling, research, and testing services to the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. defense contractors and aerospace firms, provided by a fleet of former military aircraft.

Joint terminal attack controller
Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) is the term used in the United States Armed Forces and some other military forces for a qualified service member who directs the action of military aircraft engaged in close air support and other offensive air operations from a forward position. The term that is used in most other countries, as well as previously in the U.S. and in the relevant NATO standard, is Forward Air Controller. The term became effective in the U.S. on September 3, 2003 with the publishing of Joint Publication (JP) 3-09.3 Close Air Support.
Jaroslav Navrátil (footballer)
Jaroslav Navrátil (born 30 December 1991) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Nyíregyháza in the Hungarian Nemzeti Bajnokság I. He formerly played for the Dutch teams Heracles Almelo and Go Ahead Eagles.

Nemzeti Bajnokság I
The Nemzeti Bajnokság (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɛmzɛti ˈbɒjnokʃaːɡ], lit. 'national championship'), also known as NB I or Fizz Liga after its title sponsor, OTP Bank's webshop subsidiary, is a professional association football league in Hungary and the highest level of the Hungarian football league system.

Twelve teams compete in the league, playing each other three times, once at home, once away, and the third match is played at the stadium that the last match was not played at. At the end of the season, the top team enters the qualification rounds for the UEFA Champions League, while the runner-up and the third place, together with the winner of the Magyar Kupa enter the UEFA Conference League qualification rounds. The bottom two clubs are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság II, the second-level league, to be replaced by the winner and the runner up of the NB II.