hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award
The Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award is a scientific award given by the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) to scientists with "an international reputation in transfusion medicine or cellular therapies" "whose original research resulted in an important contribution to the body of scientific knowledge". Recipients give a lecture at the AABB Annual Meeting and receive a $7,500 honorarium. The prize was initiated in 1954 to honor Karl Landsteiner, whose research laid the foundation for modern blood transfusion therapy. In 2023, the AABB renamed the Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award as the Landsteiner-Alter Award in honor of both Karl Landsteiner and Harvey J. Alter.

Karl Landsteiner
Karl Landsteiner ForMemRS (German: [kaʁl ˈlantˌʃtaɪnɐ]; 14 June 1868 – 26 June 1943) was an Austrian-American biologist, physician, and immunologist. He emigrated with his family to New York in 1923 at the age of 55 for professional opportunities, working for the Rockefeller Institute.

He had distinguished the main blood groups in 1901, having developed the modern system of classification of blood groups from his identification of the presence of agglutinins in the blood. In 1937, with Alexander S. Wiener, he identified the Rhesus factor, thus enabling physicians to transfuse blood without endangering the patient's life. With Constantin Levaditi and Erwin Popper, he discovered the polio virus in 1909. He received the Aronson Prize in 1926. In 1930, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was posthumously awarded the Lasker Award in 1946, and has been described as the father of transfusion medicine.
Copacabana (1947 film)
Copacabana is a 1947 American musical comedy film directed by Alfred E. Green starring Groucho Marx, Carmen Miranda, and Steve Cochran. Groucho appears for the first time in his own person, without his traditional greasepaint mustache and swallow-tail coat. (He does don the old makeup and costume for one last time, in a specialty number.) This was Groucho's first significant film appearance as a solo act, minus his brothers Harpo and Chico.

Alfred E. Green
Alfred Edward Green (July 11, 1889 – September 4, 1960) was an American film director. Green entered film in 1912 as an actor for the Selig Polyscope Company. He became an assistant to director Colin Campbell.
Satanta
Satanta (IPA: [seˈtʰæntə]) (Set:t’aiñde ([séʔ.tˀã́j.dè])  or White Bear) (c. 1815 – October 11, 1878) was a Kiowa war chief. He was a member of the Kiowa tribe, born around 1815, during the height of the power of the Plains Tribes, probably along the Canadian River in the traditional winter camp grounds of his people.

One of the best known, and last, of the Kiowa War Chiefs, he developed a reputation as an outstanding warrior and in his twenties was made a sub-chief of his tribe, under Dohäsan, as Chief. He fought with him at the First Battle of Adobe Walls, and earned enduring fame for his use of an army bugle to confuse the troops in battle.

Satanta was born the son of Chief Red Tipi and a Spanish captive and spent his youth south of the Arkansas River enjoying the peaceful alliance between the Kiowa and Comanche tribes.

Ranald S. Mackenzie
Ranald Slidell Mackenzie, also called Bad Hand, (July 27, 1840 – January 19, 1889) was a career United States Army officer and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was described by General Ulysses S. Grant as its most promising young officer. He also served with great distinction in the following Indian Wars.
2002 São Paulo FC season
The 2002 season was São Paulo's 73rd season since club's existence. The club became a runners-up of Torneio Rio – São Paulo losing the final to rival Corinthians. Exceptionally this year the main clubs from state like Santos, Corinthians and Palmeiras along São Paulo did not participated of Campeonato Paulista to not overload the number of games in calendar, with two tournaments being disputed at same time, Torneio Rio – São Paulo and Campeonato Paulista, then was created only this year the Supercampeonato paulista played by Corinthians (Torneio Rio-São Paulo winners), São Paulo (Torneio Rio-São Paulo runners-up), Palmeiras (Torneio Rio-São Paulo third place) and Ituano (Campeonato Paulista winners). Tricolor won the title against Ituano, 2-2 (away); 4-1 (home). At Copa do Brasil was defeated again by Corinthians, this time in semifinal. In Copa dos Campeões was eliminated in group stage and quarterfinals in Série A losing to rival Santos.

Ituano FC
Ituano Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as simply Ituano, is a Brazilian association football club in Itu, São Paulo. They currently play in the Série C, the third tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Paulista Série A2, the second tier of the São Paulo state football league.

Founded on May 24, 1947, Ituano won the São Paulo State League twice.

The club's home colours are red and black and the team mascot is a rooster.
Chalandritsa
Chalandritsa (Greek: Χαλανδρίτσα) is a town and a community in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. Since 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Erymanthos, of which it is the seat of administration. Chalandritsa is situated in hills north of the river Peiros, 17 km south of Patras. The community consists of the settlements Chalandritsa, Mastoraiika-Stamaiika and Kydonies. From 1835 until 1912, and again from 1998 until 2011 it was a municipal district and the seat of the municipality of Farres. Chalandritsa is at the edge of a seismic fault, which caused a minor earthquake in February 2008.

Achaea
Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Achaia (/əˈkaɪə/), sometimes transliterated from Greek as Akhaia (Αχαΐα, Akhaḯa, Greek: [axaˈia]), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Western Greece and is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital is Patras which is the third largest city in Greece.
National Archaeological Museum of Nuoro
The Giorgio Asproni National Archaeological Museum is an archaeological museum in the historic centre of Nuoro, in Sardinia, near the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Snows. Established in 2002, it is located in a nineteenth-century building that belonged to Giorgio Asproni, a Sardinian politician and intellectual of that era.

Archaeology museum
An archaeology museum is a museum that specializes in the display of archaeological artifacts.

Many archaeology museum are in the open air, such as the Ancient Agora of Athens and the Roman Forum. Others display artifacts inside buildings, such as National Museum of Beirut and Cairo's Museum of Egyptian Antiquities. Some display artifacts both outside and inside, such as the Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center.

Some archaeology museums, such as the Western Australian Museum, may also exhibit maritime archaeological materials. These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. This last museum has also developed a 'museum-without-walls' through a series of underwater wreck trails.

An outside museum was erected at an active archaeological dig site in Nyaung-gan cemetery in Myanmar.
The SemWare Editor
The SemWare Editor (TSE) is a text editor product line. Initially named QEdit and released November 1985 as shareware, it was later modified to run as a terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) program, and ported to OS/2 and eventually evolved (via rewrite) to TSEPro (professional edition).

TSEPro supports many productivity features including an automation macro language, regular expression search and replace, keystroke record and playback, undo and redo, and user-assignable shortcut keys. Like its predecessor QEdit, TSEPro is often used as a code editor.

Older versions (QEdit) supported MS-DOS and OS/2, and newer versions (TSEPro) support Windows and Linux.

Source-code editor
A source-code editor is a text editor program designed specifically for editing the source code of computer programs. It includes basic functionality such as syntax highlighting, and sometimes debugging. It may be a standalone application or it may be built into an integrated development environment (IDE).
Rameshbabu
Rameshbabu is a patronymic. Some people with this patronymic include:

Praggnanandhaa Rameshbabu (born 2005), a chess prodigy from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Vaishali Rameshbabu (born 2001), a chess player from Chennai, and elder sister of the above

Vaishali Rameshbabu
Vaishali Rameshbabu (born 21 June 2001) is an Indian chess grandmaster. She notably became a two-time champion of the FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament in 2023 and 2025, securing qualification for two editions of the  Women's Candidates Tournament in 2024 and 2026 respectively. She also won the bronze medal at Women's World Blitz Chess Championship 2024.

She is the elder sister of chess grandmaster R Praggnanandhaa.
Cecilia Berkovic
Cecilia Berkovic is a Toronto-based mixed media artist, sculptor and graphic designer.

Berkovic received her MFA from the Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts at Bard College in New York, and has held residencies at the Banff Centre for the Arts in Alberta, Canada, and at the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation. She has been a member of the artist collective Instant Coffee since 2001 and a member of the board of directors at Gallery TPW since 2005.  She has also taught at Ryerson University.  As part of Mercer Union's international project Advertising By Artists, Berkovic's work was published in The Wire, They Shoot Homos Don't They?, Cabinet, and Border Crossings.  Recent work includes poster projects for Nuit Blanche and AIDS Action Now! in Toronto.

Border Crossings (magazine)
Border Crossings is a magazine published tri-annually from Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It investigates contemporary Canadian and international art and culture. The magazine includes interviews with artists, profiles, exhibition reviews, and portfolios of drawings and photographs. The magazine covers various forms of arts including paintings, performances, architecture, sculpture and films.
Murder of Janak Patel
On 23 November 2022, a dairy worker named Janak Patel was murdered during a robbery at the Rose Cottage Superette in Sandringham, Auckland, New Zealand. Police subsequently arrested three men in connection with the robbery and killing. The killing of Patel attracted significant attention from domestic media and political figures including Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, Police Minister Chris Hipkins, and ACT Party leader David Seymour against the backdrop of an alleged recent crime wave targeting dairies and other retailers across New Zealand.

In March 2024, one of the defendants Frederick Hobson pleaded guilty to murder and aggravated robbery. In late June, Hobson was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum non-parole period of 15 years for murder while a second defendant Shane Tane was sentenced to four years and six months imprisonment for aggravated robbery. The third defendant Henry Ford was granted a stay in proceedings due to his terminal illness.

Stuff (company)
Stuff Limited (previously Fairfax New Zealand) is a privately held news media company operating in New Zealand. It operates Stuff, the country's largest news website, and owns nine daily newspapers, including New Zealand's second and third-highest circulation daily newspapers, The Post and The Press, and the highest circulation weekly, Sunday Star-Times. Magazines published include TV Guide, New Zealand's top-selling weekly magazine. Stuff also owns social media network Neighbourly.

Stuff has been owned by Sinead Boucher since 31 May 2020. It was called Fairfax New Zealand Limited until 1 February 2018. In December 2024, Stuff was restructured into two separate print and digital media divisions: Masthead Publishing and Stuff Digital. In June 2025, online retailer Trade Me acquired a 50 percent stake in Stuff Digital, with Stuff's property section being rebranded as Trade Me Property.
Sigtunaskolan Humanistiska Läroverket
Sigtunaskolan Humanistiska Läroverket (SSHL) is a coeducational independent school for boarding and day students between the ninth and twelfth grades. It is located in Sigtuna, Sweden. The school is attended by Swedish boarders, local children and foreigners.

As a non-profit private boarding school, management of the SSHL's financial and physical resources is jointly overseen by the Sigtuna Skolstiftelse (Sigtuna School Foundation), the Sigtunastiftelsen (National Sigtuna Foundation) and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; all the trustees are drawn from  Sigtuna citizens and school alumni. Day-to-day operations are headed by a school director and 2 principals, who are appointed by the trustees.

SSHL alumni include the current King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, and Olof Palme, the former Prime Minister of Sweden. SSHL is a member of the global G30 Schools group.

Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW) (Swedish: Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse) is a Swedish public and private foundation formed in 1917 by Knut Agathon Wallenberg and his wife Alice Wallenberg.  It was created to support research in the natural sciences, technology and medicine by awarding long-term grants to basic research of the highest international class.
Franz von Stuck
Franz Ritter von Stuck (February 23, 1863 – August 30, 1928), born Franz Stuck, was a German painter, sculptor, printmaker, and architect. Stuck was best known for his paintings of ancient mythology, receiving substantial critical acclaim with The Sin in 1892. In 1906, Stuck was awarded the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown and was henceforth known as Ritter von Stuck.

Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown
The Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown (German: Verdienstorden der Bayerischen Krone) was an order of merit of the Kingdom of Bavaria established by King Maximilian Joseph I on 19 March 1808. The motto of the order is "Virtus et Honos"  ('Courage and Honour').

The order was awarded in several grades:

Grand Cross

Grand Commander (grade added in 1855)

Commander

Knight

Medal in Gold

Medal in Silver
Pseudo-Abdias
The Apostolic Histories (Latin: Historia Apostolica), also known as Pseudo-Abdias, is a collection of New Testament apocrypha in the genre of apostolic Acts popular in medieval Europe and preserved in Latin translations.  It consists of ten books, each containing several chapters.  Each book describes the life of one of the Apostles.

The attribution of the collection to "Pseudo-Abdias" is dubious.  Swiss scholar Wolfgang Lazius attributed the full collection on the basis of an epilogue to one of the books mentioning "Abdias, Bishop of Babylon" in a 1552 edition.  Abdias was presented as a companion of the apostles Simon and Judas Thaddeus on their way to Persia in the Passion of Simon and Jude (BHL H, 7749-7751).  As the various stories circulated independently of each other, extending Pseudo-Abdias's authorship to all ten books is not considered likely by contemporary scholars, nor is it even clear that the Passion was claiming to be written by him if the epilogue is ignored.

Acts of the Apostles (genre)
The Acts of the Apostles is a genre of early Christian literature, recounting the lives and works of the apostles of Jesus. The Acts (Latin: Acta; Greek: Πράξεις Práxeis) are important for many reasons, one of them being the concept of apostolic succession. They also provide insight into the valuation of "missionary activities among the exotic races," since some of them feature missionary work done among, for instance, the Cynocephaly.
1986 German Formula Three Championship
The 1986 German Formula Three Championship (German: 1986 Deutsche Formel-3-Meisterschaft) was a multi-event motor racing championship for single-seat open wheel formula racing cars held in Germany, Belgium and Austria. The championship featured drivers competing in two-litre Formula Three racing cars which conformed to the technical regulations, or formula, for the championship. It commenced on 18 May at Zolder and ended at Nürburgring on 21 September after eleven rounds.

Volkswagen Motorsport (Bertram Schäfer Racing) driver Kris Nissen clinched the championship title. He won races at Zolder, Hockenheim and had a hat-trick at Nürburgring. Hanspeter Kaufmann lost 44 points to Nissen and finished as runner-up with a win in the penultimate round at Salzburgring. Víctor Rosso won at Norisring and Österreichring. Bernd Schneider, Alfonso de Vinuesa and Gregor Foitek were the other race winners.

Formula Three
Formula Three (F3) is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One drivers.
Chilean passport
Chilean passport (Spanish: Pasaporte chileno) is an identity document issued to citizens of Chile to facilitate international travel. Chilean passports are valid for worldwide travel and facilitate the access to consular services whilst abroad. They are issued by the Registro Civil e Identificación.

Citizens of Chile do not need a passport when traveling to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. For these countries, they may use just their National ID cards called Cédula de Identidad.

Chilean passports are valid for a period of 10 years (since 1 February 2020) from the date of issue, and the validity may not be extended. Since the introduction of machine-readable passports, family passports are no longer issued.

Since September 2013, only biometric passports are issued. The redesign was part of a program organized by the Ministry of Justice, where Chileans chose the passport's graphic identity and symbols through an online poll in 2012.

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Chile)
The Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Chile (Spanish: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos; MinJusticia) is the state ministry responsible for liaising between the executive branch and the judicial branch, and promoting and fostering human rights. Currently, the lawyer Jaime Gajardo Falcón serves as Minister of Justice and Human Rights and Daniela Quintanilla holds the position of Head of the Undersecretariat of Human Rights, both appointed under president Gabriel Boric.

The Undersecretary for Human Rights is the chief executive of the Undersecretariat of Human Rights and the immediate collaborator of the Minister in matters within its sphere of competence, and, in the event of the absence or incapacity of the Undersecretary of Justice, serves as the latter's legal substitute.
Salt Creek, Panama
Salt Creek (in Spanish: Quebrada Sal) is a Ngöbe Buglé village located on the southeastern end of Bastimentos island, in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Province and District of Panama.

The community consists of about 60 houses, an elementary school, handcrafts and general stores. The villagers depend mostly on their canoes for fishing and transportation although the village is slowly developing together with the whole archipelago.

Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca
Ngäbe-Buglé (Spanish: [ˈŋɡoβe βuˈɣle]) is the largest and most populous of Panama's five comarcas indígenas. It was created in 1997 from lands formerly belonging to the provinces of Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí, and Veraguas. The capital is known as Buäbiti in Guaymí and Llano Tugrí in Spanish.
Paulina Lake Guard Station
The Paulina Lake Guard Station is a Forest Service building located in the Newberry National Volcanic Monument in Central Oregon. The guard station was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps to house the seasonal assistant ranger responsible for patrolling the forest around Paulina Lake. Because of its rustic architecture, the guard station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Newberry National Volcanic Monument
Newberry National Volcanic Monument was designated on November 5, 1990, to protect the area around the Newberry Volcano in the U.S. state of Oregon. The monument was created within the boundaries of the Deschutes National Forest, which is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, and includes 54,822 acres (86 sq mi; 222 km2) of lakes, lava flows, and geologic features in central Oregon.

From 1964 to 1966, the volcano was used for training Apollo astronauts.
20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of The Velvet Underground
There are Velvet Underground compilation albums with similar titles: The Best of The Velvet Underground: Words and Music of Lou Reed (1989) and The Very Best of The Velvet Underground (2003).

20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of The Velvet Underground is a compilation album by The Velvet Underground. It was initially released for the North American market by Polydor in October 2000 as part of their "20th Century Masters" series of budget compilations celebrating the turn of the century. The album was subsequently released with varying titles and covers in Europe.

Sterling Morrison
Holmes Sterling Morrison Jr. (August 29, 1942 – August 30, 1995) was an American guitarist, best known as one of the founding members of the rock band the Velvet Underground, usually playing electric guitar, occasionally bass guitar, and singing backing vocals.

Unlike bandmates Lou Reed, Doug Yule, John Cale, Maureen Tucker and Nico, Morrison never released a solo album or made recordings under his own name. He was nevertheless an essential element of the group's sound as a guitarist whose percussive and syncopated rhythm playing and melodic lead parts provided the foil for Lou Reed's improvisational rhythm and lead guitar riffs.
Shangfeng, Henan
Shangfeng (simplified Chinese: 上冯村; traditional Chinese: 上馮村; pinyin: Shàngféng Cūn) is a village in Yangce (羊册镇), Biyang County, Zhumadian, Henan province, China 7 km (4.3 mi) east of the town of Yangce, which it geographically is part of. It has over 1000 residents, and is surrounded on three sides by mountains. Locals primarily rely on agriculture, mainly growing wheat, soybean, sesame, and peanuts. Cattle and goats are also raised in the area.

Biyang County
Biyang County (simplified Chinese: 泌阳县; traditional Chinese: 泌陽縣; pinyin: Bìyáng Xiàn) is a county of Zhumadian city in southern Henan province, People's Republic of China. It borders Queshan to the east, Tongbai to the north, Tanghe to the west, Luohe to the north, Sheqi and Nanyang to the northwest. Population was 950,000 in 2002. Area is 2,682 km2 (1,036 sq mi).
James Haydon
James Richard Barnaby Haydon (born 2 November 1973 in Amersham, Buckinghamshire), is a British former motorcycle racer. He raced in 250cc and 500cc Grand Prix, MotoGP, British Superbike and the World Superbike Championship. He retired in 2008.

Haydon now works in media, presenting shows and race commentating on ITV and British Eurosport for World Superbike Championship and British Superbike Championship coverage, and he covers some Moto GP races when the regular commentators are unavailable. He has worked for the BBC, Sky Sports, Motors TV, Al Jazeera and Radio 5 live. He is also the guest test rider for Bike magazine.

Motorsport.tv
Motorsport.tv was a global streaming OTT platform specialized in motor racing and motoring content, live and on demand launched in September 2018. It was a fully integrated video ecosystem developed and operated by Motorsport Network to specifically cater to different motor racing and automotive audiences.

Motorsport.tv distributed globally over many different digital platforms. It offered both subscription content (SVOD) under the label Motorsport.tv Premium, and free to view ad-supported content (AVOD). As of 2023, Motorsport.tv contained 14,000+ hours long and short form on demand videos  35,000+ video titles available online and livestream more than 1,200 events yearly.