hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victorio
Victorio (Bidu-ya, Beduiat; ca. 1825–October 14, 1880) was a warrior and chief of the Warm Springs band of the Tchihendeh (or Chihenne, often called Mimbreño) division of the central Apaches in what is now the American states of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua.

In Victorio's War from September 1879 to October 1880, Victorio led a band of Apaches, never numbering more than 200 men, in a running battle with the U.S. and Mexican armies and the civilian population of New Mexico, Texas, and northern Mexico, fighting two dozen skirmishes and battles. He and most of his followers were killed or captured by the Mexican army in the Battle of Tres Castillos in October 1880.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
Hoshcha Raion
Hoshcha Raion (Ukrainian: Гощанський район) was a raion in Rivne Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Hoshcha. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Rivne Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Rivne Oblast to four. The last estimate of the raion population was 34,401 (2020 est.)

Rivne Raion
Rivne Raion (Ukrainian: Рівненський район) is a raion in Rivne Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Rivne. Population: 625,543 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Rivne Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Rivne Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 92,981 (2020 est.).
Potok Wielki Drugi
Potok Wielki Drugi (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpɔtɔk ˈfjɛlkʲi ˈdruɡʲi]) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Potok Wielki, within Janów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Congosto
Congosto (Spanish pronunciation: [koŋˈɡosto]) is a village and municipality located in the region of El Bierzo (province of León, Castile and León, Spain) . It is located near to Ponferrada, the capital of the region. The village of Congosto within the municipality has about 254 inhabitants.

Its economy was traditionally based on agriculture, wine and coal mining. Nowadays, most of the inhabitants work on the surrounding area on activities such as wind turbine manufacturing or coal mining.

Congosto also has a large reservoir in its vicinity, the Barcena reservoir, to which many tourists visit during the summer.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Six épigraphes antiques
Six épigraphes antiques, L. 131, CD. 139, is a suite of six pieces by Claude Debussy, originally written for piano duo. Completed in July 1914, the suite was Debussy's only completed composition that year. In 1915 Debussy transcribed them for piano solo. Much of the music (over 100 measures) is taken from the musical accompaniments he had written in 1901 for his friend Pierre Louÿs's erotic lesbian poems Les Chansons de Bilitis. In 1939 the Swiss conductor Ernest Ansermet created an orchestration of the suite.

Movements:

Pour invoquer Pan, dieu du vent d'été ("To invoke Pan, god of the summer wind")

Pour un tombeau sans nom ("For a nameless tomb")

Pour que la nuit soit propice ("In order that the night be propitious")

Pour la danseuse aux crotales ("For the dancer with crotales")

Pour l'égyptienne ("For the Egyptian woman")

Pour remercier la pluie au matin ("To thank the morning rain")

Bar (music)
In musical notation, a bar (or measure) is a segment of music bounded by vertical lines, known as bar lines (or barlines), usually indicating one or more recurring beats. The length of the bar, measured by the number of note values it contains, is normally indicated by the time signature.
Kannemeyer
Kannemeyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Kannemeyer (born 1959), South African Anglican bishop

Anton Kannemeyer (born 1967), South African comics artist

Bruce Kannemeyer (1965–2025), South African politician and public servant

Daniel Rossouw Kannemeyer (1843–1925), South African archaeologist and paleontologist

David Kannemeyer (born 1977), South African footballer

John Christoffel Kannemeyer (1939–2011), South African literary historian

Quinton Kannemeyer (born 1984), South African cricketer

Tiaan Kannemeyer (born 1978), South African cyclist

David Kannemeyer
David Kannemeyer (born 8 July 1977) is a South African former professional soccer player who played as a left back. He played for Cape Town Spurs, Ajax Cape Town, Kaizer Chiefs, Mamelodi Sundowns, SuperSport United and Mpumalanga Black Aces, and he also played for the South Africa national team.
Liam Knight
Liam Knight (born 15 January 1995) is an Australian rugby league footballer who plays as a prop or loose forward for Hull F.C. in the Super League.

He previously played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs, Manly Warringah Sea Eagles and the Canberra Raiders in the National Rugby League (NRL).

Canberra Stadium
Canberra Stadium, commercially known as GIO Stadium Canberra, is a facility primarily used for rugby league and rugby union games, located adjacent to the Australian Institute of Sport in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is the largest sports venue by capacity in Canberra. The Canberra Stadium was previously known as the Bruce Stadium and the National Athletics Stadium before its current name.
Dapper Dan (horse)
Dapper Dan (foaled 1962 in Kentucky) was an American racehorse who was bred by Dorothy Dorsett Brown and owned and raced by Ogden Phipps. He had an outstanding sophomore season, finishing second or fourth in five stakes races. The son of Ribot and grandson of Nasrullah is remembered for his closing finishes to place second in the 1965 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes.

Aqueduct Racetrack
Aqueduct Racetrack is a Thoroughbred horse racing facility and casino in the South Ozone Park and Jamaica neighborhoods of Queens, New York City, United States. Aqueduct is the only racetrack within New York City limits. Its races usually run from late October/early November through April.

The track has three courses: the main track (dirt), with a circumference of 1+1⁄8 miles (1.8 km), whose infield holds the 1 mile (1.6 km) Main Turf Course and the Inner Turf Course, measuring 7.065 furlongs (1.421 km). The track has seating capacity of 17,000 and total capacity of 40,000.

The racetrack and the adjacent headquarters of the New York Racing Association (NYRA) sit on a 172-acre (70 ha) site controlled by the New York State Franchise Oversight Board, which leases about 72.6 acres (29.4 ha) to the Resorts World New York City casino and hotel.
Whitey (slang)
"Whitey" is a derogatory term for a white person. The level of contempt implied by the term varies, although it is most often used as an insult.

In Saturday Night Live's notorious 1975 "Racist Word Association Interview" skit, Richard Pryor's character uses "whitey/cracker" as his response to Chevy Chase's character's prompt of "negro".

During Barack Obama's 2008 US presidential campaign, a hoax was promoted that his wife Michelle Obama had been recorded "railing against 'whitey'", which she denied, saying, "That’s something that George Jefferson would say."

Word Association (Saturday Night Live)
"Word Association", also called "Racist Word Association Interview", "Racist Word Association" and "Dead Honky", is a Saturday Night Live sketch first aired on December 13, 1975, featuring Richard Pryor and Chevy Chase.
Randal Kolo Muani
Randal Kolo Muani (born 5 December 1998) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur, on loan from  Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain, and the France national team.

Kolo Muani began his professional career at Nantes, where he scored 23 goals in 87 first-team appearances and won the Coupe de France. In 2022, he joined German club Eintracht Frankfurt on a free transfer. He went on to score 26 goals in 50 matches in one year at the club before returning to France with Paris Saint-Germain in a €75 million deal.

Kolo Muani played youth international football for France at under-21 and Olympic levels. He made his senior international debut in September 2022, and was a member of the France squad that were runners-up at the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Ligue 1 relegation/promotion play-offs
The Ligue 1 relegation/promotion playoffs, known in French as the Barrages (transl. play-offs), is an annual play-off fixture in French football contested by the 16th-placed team in Ligue 1 and the winner of the Ligue 2 promotion play-offs. It takes place after the completion of the regular season and is administered by Ligue de Football Professionnel. Play-offs are a two-legged tie and the winner is decided by aggregate score. Play-offs were originally introduced in the 2015–16 season but due to legal issues it was adopted in the 2016–17 season, even though similar play-offs were played until 1993 when Ligue 1 was named Division 1. The first leg of play-offs are played on the home ground of the Ligue 2 club with the return leg at the home of the Ligue 1 club.
Richard Christmas
Richard Christmas was an American state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Copiah County in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1874 and 1875.

He was born in North Carolina. He served in the 5th U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery.

Either a man born in Tennessee with the same name or one from North Carolina have been identified as likely being this Richard Christmas.

Copiah County, Mississippi
Copiah County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,368. The county seat is Hazlehurst.

With an eastern border formed by the Pearl River, Copiah County is part of the Jackson, Mississippi metropolitan area.
Achaea serva
Achaea serva is a species of noctuid moth of the family Erebidae first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. It is found from the Indo-Australian tropics of India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, China, Borneo, Hong Kong, Java, the Philippines, the New Hebrides, to Okinawa, many western Micronesian islands and New Guinea and Australia.

New Hebrides
New Hebrides, named after the Hebrides in Scotland by Captain James Cook in 1774, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu.  The New Hebrides Condominium (French: Condominium des Nouvelles-Hébrides), which followed the governance of the islands under the Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission (1887–1889 and 1890–1906), lasted from 1906 until 1980, when New Hebrides gained its independence as the Republic of Vanuatu.
Porirua Pumas
The Porirua Pumas were a team representing the Porirua region in New Zealand's Bartercard Cup Rugby league competition. The Pumas were one of two Wellington-based teams in the competition, the other being the Wainuiomata Lions. They were replaced in 2002 by the Wellington Orcas. The Porirua Pumas Club is now defunct, with the region now represented at national domestic level by the Wellington Rugby League representative team in the National Provincial Competition.

Bartercard Cup
The Bartercard Cup (successor of the Lion Red Cup) was the top level rugby league club competition in New Zealand from 2000 until 2007. For the entire life of the tournament it was sponsored by Bartercard. The cup was administered by the New Zealand Rugby League. The tournament was discontinued by the NZRL in 2007 and was replaced by the Bartercard Premiership in 2008.
History of martial arts
Although the earliest evidence of martial arts goes back millennia, the true roots are difficult to reconstruct. Inherent patterns of human aggression which inspire practice of mock combat (in particular wrestling) and optimization of serious close combat as cultural universals are doubtlessly inherited from the pre-human stage and were made into an "art" from the earliest emergence of that concept. Indeed, many universals of martial art are fixed by the specifics of human physiology and not dependent on a specific tradition or era.

Specific martial traditions become identifiable in Classical Antiquity, with disciplines such as shuai jiao, Greek wrestling or those described in the Indian epics or the Spring and Autumn Annals of China.

Mock combat
Mock combat involves the execution of combative actions without serious intent of harm. Participants can engage in such sparring for ritual, training, recreational or performance reasons. The nature of mock combat can vary from realistic to symbolic.  Mock combat can be classified into choreographed and unchoreographed forms.
Impossible Truth
Impossible Truth is the second studio album by musician and guitarist William Tyler, which was his first release on Merge Records, and it was produced by Mark Nevers. The album received critical acclaim.

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
Bulingtar
Bulingtar  is a village development committee in Nawalpur District in Gandaki Province, Nepal. Bulingtar is located in the region of Western Region. Western Region's capital Pokhara (Pokhara) is approximately 52 km / 32 mi away from Bulingtar (as the crow flies). The distance from Bulingtar to Nepal's capital Kathmandu (Kathmandu) is approximately 113 km / 70 mi (as the crow flies). This rural municipality is surrounded by the Gaindakot Gaupalika in the East, Baudhikali Gaunpalika in the west. Similarly, Rishing Gaunpalika lies on the Northern side whereas Devachuli Nagarpalika in the Southern side.

Nawalpur District
Nawalpur (/nəˌwʌlˈpʊər/, Nepali: नवलपुर, pronounced [ˈnʌwʌlpur]) is one of 11 districts of Gandaki Province of Nepal. The headquarters of the district is Kawasoti.

Nawalpur District and Parasi District were formerly a single district, Nawalparasi District, until a reorganization effective 20 September 2015.

The total area of Nawalpur District is 1,331.16 square kilometres (513.96 sq mi) and total population of this district as of 2011 Nepal census is 310864 individuals.
Maestrini
Maestrini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandra Maestrini (born 1977), Brazilian actress and musician

Dario Maestrini (1886–1975), Italian physiologist and scientist

Liliane Maestrini (born 1987), Brazilian beach volleyball player

Alessandra Maestrini
Alessandra Maestrini (Sorocaba, May 17, 1977) is a Brazilian actress and singer. She began her artistic career performing in acclaimed musicals and theater plays before gaining prominence on television, playing the Polish-Paranaense maid Bozena in the sitcom Toma Lá, Dá Cá (2007–09).
Awaji Yumebutai
The Awaji Yumebutai (淡路夢舞台) is a complex comprising a conference center, hotel and memorial in Awaji, Hyōgo, Japan, built near the epicenter of the 1995 Great Hanshin Awaji earthquake. It was designed by Tadao Ando, who had begun planning for the project (as a park) prior to the earthquake.
The hotel is operated as the Westin Awaji Island Resort.

Memorial
A memorial is an object or place which serves as a focus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects such as homes or other sites, or works of art such as sculptures, statues, fountains or parks. Larger memorials may be known as monuments.
Film in Miami
The film history has a long history in Miami and greater South Florida and continues to grow as the entertainment industry expands throughout Florida. Miami is home to one of the largest production and distribution centers in the world for the film, television, commercial advertising, still photo, music and new media industries. The industry's combined economic impact in the local economy is about two billion dollars annually, with $100 to $150 million coming from more than 1,000 location filming shoots each year. There approximately 3,000 companies working in film and entertainment in Miami-Dade County, employing an estimated 15,000 workers.

Lenny (film)
Lenny is a 1974 American biographical drama film about the comedian Lenny Bruce, starring Dustin Hoffman and directed by Bob Fosse. The screenplay by Julian Barry is based on his play of the same name.
William Reid (basketball)
William A. Reid (September 26, 1893 – October 10, 1955) was an American basketball coach and administrator born in Detroit, Michigan.

As a high school player in Adrian, Michigan he led his Adrian High School team to a 1912 state title in basketball and then played in two sports in Colgate University. He returned to Colgate as a basketball coach and coached the Raiders from 1919 to 1928 with a record of 135–52. Beginning in 1936, he served as Colgate's director of athletics for 20 years.

Reid was a president of Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) from 1944 to 1945 and vice-president of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) from 1942 to 1946. He was enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1963.

Colgate University
Colgate University is a private college in Hamilton, New York, United States. A liberal arts college, it was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890.

Colgate enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male. Students participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers an almost entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program leading to the Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference and ECAC Hockey.
Liaoconodon
Liaoconodon is an extinct genus of early mammal from the early Cretaceous (early Aptian stage, approximately 120 Ma). It is a eutriconodont which lived in what is now the Jianchang of Liaoning Province, eastern China. It is known from the holotype IVPP V 16051, which consists of nearly complete skeleton and skull. It was found in the Jiufotang Formation (Jehol Biota) near Xiaotaizi, Lamadong. It was first named by Jin Meng, Yuanqing Wang and Chuankui Li in 2011 and the type species is Liaoconodon hui.

Studies on its anatomy show that it was a semi-aquatic mammal, having a long body and paddle-like limbs.

2011 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2011.
Arthur van Gehuchten
Arthur van (or Van) Gehuchten (20 April 1861 – 9 December 1914) was a Belgian anatomist, born in Antwerp. He was professor in the faculty of medicine at the University of Leuven until the start of World War I in 1914. He moved to England and taught biology at Cambridge University until his death. Van Gehuchten is especially known for his contributions to the theory of neurons. In anatomy, the van Gehuchten method is the fixing of a histologic tissue in a mixture of glacial acetic acid 10 parts, chloroform 30 parts, and alcohol 60 parts.

Chloroform
Chloroform, or trichloromethane (often abbreviated as TCM), is an organochloride with the formula CHCl3 and a common solvent. It is a volatile, colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid produced on a large scale as a precursor to refrigerants and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Chloroform was once used as an inhalational anesthetic between the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. It is miscible with many solvents but it is only very slightly soluble in water (only 8 g/L at 20°C).
1995 Topper Open – Doubles
Marcelo Filippini and Luiz Mattar were the defending champions but Mattar did not compete this year, having retired from professional tennis during this season. Filippini teamed up with Federico Dondo and lost in the quarterfinals to Luis Lobo and Javier Sánchez.

Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez won the title by defeating Jiří Novák and David Rikl 2–6, 7–6, 7–6 in the final.

Marcelo Filippini
Marcelo Filippini (born 4 August 1967) is a former professional tennis player from Uruguay.

In 1996, Filippini played what was longest known game in ATP Tour history at Casablanca, going to deuce 20 times with Alberto Berasategui in one game of a 6–2, 6–3 first round loss. The game lasted 28 minutes (24–22 in total points for Berasategui).

Filippini's best performance at a Grand Slam event came at the French Open in 1999, where he reached (as a qualifier without dropping a set) the quarterfinals, defeating Laurence Tieleman, Martin Damm, Vince Spadea and Greg Rusedski before being knocked-out by eventual champion Andre Agassi. He also reached the quarterfinals of the 1993 Rome Masters.