hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonard Waverman
Dr. Leonard Waverman is dean of the DeGroote School of Business at McMaster University. He was formerly dean of the Haskayne School of Business at the University of Calgary.

With Lars Hendrik Röller, Dr. Waverman published the influential "Telecommunications Infrastructure and Economic Development" (The American Economic Review, September 2001). His analysis of the impacts of mobile phone rollout on economic growth in Africa was the cover page article of the March 12, 2005, issue of The Economist and a special report in 2009.

DeGroote School of Business
The DeGroote School of Business is one of six faculties at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.  The School of Business was founded in 1952 but was renamed in 1992 in honour of successful Canadian entrepreneur and philanthropist Michael G. DeGroote. The DeGroote school offers (Hon) B.Commerce, MBA and Ph.D. degrees.

The current dean is Dr. Khaled Hassanein.

The business school is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB).
Vist Station
Vist is a defunct railway station located on the Nordland Line located in the village of Vist in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.The station building was razed in 1965 and closed for traffic in 1990. It did not have a residential section and was drawn by Paul Armin Due.

Steinkjer Municipality
Steinkjerⓘ (Norwegian) or Stïentje (Southern Sami) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Innherad region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Steinkjer which is located on the inner part of the Trondheimsfjord. The town is also the administrative centre for Trøndelag county. Other populated areas in Steinkjer include the villages of Bartnes, Beitstad, Binde, Byafossen, Follafoss, Følling, Gaulstad, Henning, Hyllbrua, Kvam, Lerkehaug, Malm, Mære, Sela, Skei, Sparbu, Stod, Sunnan, Vassaunet, Vellamelen, and Verrastranda.

The 2,122-square-kilometre (819 sq mi) municipality is the 31st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Steinkjer Municipality is the 54th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 24,032. The municipality's population density is 11.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (29/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.
SS Minnekahda
SS Minnekahda was a transatlantic ocean liner that was launched in Ireland in 1917 and scrapped in Scotland in 1936. She was laid down in 1914 but the First World War delayed her completion. Because of the war she was completed in 1918 as a troop ship, and then worked as a cargo ship.

Minnekahda was not fitted out as a civilian passenger liner until 1921. She was refitted in 1926 to carry fewer passengers in more comfort. From 1931 she was laid up in New Jersey.

Minnekahda was in the fleet of the Atlantic Transport Line, which was part of the International Mercantile Marine Company. She was registered in the United Kingdom until 1920, and then in the United States.

Transatlantic crossing
Transatlantic crossings are passages of passengers and cargo across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe or Africa and the Americas. The majority of passenger traffic is across the North Atlantic between Western Europe and North America.  Centuries after the dwindling of sporadic Viking trade with Markland, a regular and lasting transatlantic trade route was established in 1566 with the Spanish West Indies fleets, following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.
John Collis
John Collis, (born 1944 in Winchester) is a British prehistorian. His first dig was in Longbridge Deverill with Christopher and Jacquetta Hawkes. He studied in Prague (with E. Soudská), Tübingen (with W. Kimmig) and Cambridge, where he studied from 1963 to 1970 and was awarded his PhD. He joined the Archaeology Department in Sheffield in 1972 and was made professor in 1990. He has acted as Head of Department and became Emeritus Professor there in October 2004.

His speciality is the European Iron Age. He has dug in Britain, Germany, Spain and central France, and appeared in two episodes of Channel 4's popular archaeology programme Time Team.

Longbridge Deverill
Longbridge Deverill is a village and civil parish about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of Warminster in Wiltshire, England. It is on the A350 primary route which connects the M4 motorway and west Wiltshire with Poole, Dorset.

The parish is in the Deverill valley which carries the upper waters of the River Wylye. It includes the small village of Crockerton and the hamlets of Crockerton Green, Fox Holes and Hill Deverill; these settlements are collectively known as the Lower Deverills (the Upper Deverills being the upstream villages of Brixton Deverill, Monkton Deverill and Kingston Deverill).

An unnamed tributary of the Wylye rises in the northwest of the parish, forms the man-made Shearwater lake, and flows east through the valley below Crockerton to join the Wylye.
When Evening Falls on Bucharest or Metabolism
When Evening Falls on Bucharest or Metabolism (Romanian: Când se lasă seara peste București sau Metabolism) is a 2013 Romanian drama film written and directed by Corneliu Porumboiu. It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

Corneliu Porumboiu
Corneliu Porumboiu (Romanian: [korˈnelju porumˈboju]; born 14 September 1975) is a Romanian New Wave filmmaker, screenwriter, and film producer. He is most known for his films 12:08 East of Bucharest (2006) and The Whistlers (2019).
Christopher Anne Suczek
Christopher Anne Suczek (September 6, 1942 – April 10, 2014) was a sedimentary geologist who specialized in sedimentary petrology and plate tectonics. She received her bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 1972 and later went on to get her PhD in Geology from Stanford University in 1977. She is best known for her contribution in determining the correlation between sedimentary deposits and plate tectonics. By the 1980s the exploration of hydrocarbons and a continuation of tectonic studies in the Pacific Northwest area of the United States led to a need of increased knowledge of the Tertiary sedimentary basins and Suczek's mapping of the area.

Hydrocarbon exploration
Hydrocarbon exploration (or oil and gas exploration) is the search by petroleum geologists and geophysicists for hydrocarbon deposits, particularly petroleum and natural gas, in the Earth's crust using petroleum geology.
Jingga 13
Jingga 13 is a Malaysian first national Non profit organisation closely related to People's Justice Party (PKR) dedicated in supporting the Reformasi movement in Malaysia since 2011 and was labeled as pro-Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and its successor Pakatan Harapan (PH).

Jingga 13 is also a PKR's supported anti-corruption movement NGO.

Pakatan Rakyat
Pakatan Rakyat (PR; English: People's Alliance) was an informal Malaysian political coalition and successor to Barisan Alternatif (BA). The political coalition was formed by the People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) on 1 April 2008, after the 12th Malaysian general election, having previously formed the Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front) in the 10th general election. On 20 April 2010, the Sarawak National Party (SNAP) officially joined as a member of the Pakatan Rakyat after being expelled from Barisan Nasional, but quit the coalition on 6 May 2011. The DAP declared the coalition "dead" on 16 June 2015, citing the inability of the rest of the alliance to work with PAS, after PAS's congress passed the motion to sever ties with DAP without debate. It was succeeded by Pakatan Harapan and Gagasan Sejahtera.
1915 Princeton Tigers football team
The 1915 Princeton Tigers football team represented Princeton University in the 1915 college football season. The team finished with a 6–2 record under first-year head coach John H. Rush. No Princeton players were selected as consensus first-team honorees on the 1915 College Football All-America Team, but three players (halfback Dave Tibbott, fullback Edward H. Driggs, and end Jack "Red" Lamberton) were selected as first-team honorees by at least one selector.

1915 All-America college football team
The 1915 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1915 college football season. The only selectors for the 1915 season who have been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are Walter Camp, whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly, and the International News Service (INS), a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst.

Although not recognized by the NCAA, many other sports writers, newspapers, and coaches selected All-America teams in 1915.  They include Parke H. Davis, Walter Eckersall, and Fielding H. Yost.
Blues fiddle
"Blues fiddle" is a generic term for bowed, stringed instruments played on the arm or shoulder that are used to play blues music. Since no blues artists played violas, the term is synonymous with violin, and blues players referred to their instruments as "fiddle" and "violin".

While unequivocally an African-American creation, with the rising popularity of the blues, violinists in the Anglo-American dance fiddling traditions and white country fiddlers, adopted stylistic elements and added songs from the blues to their repertoire.

Blues violin features most prominently in rural blues, string-band, jug band and jazz. It won this attention because, "The violin is by nature a lead instrument that can replicate vocal expressions through the use of vibrato and sliding notes."

Country blues
Country blues (also folk blues, rural blues, backwoods blues, or downhome blues) is one of the earliest forms of blues music, but also refers to a blend of country music and blues. The mainly solo vocal with acoustic fingerstyle guitar accompaniment developed in the rural Southern United States in the early 20th century.  It stands in contrast primarily to the urban blues style, especially in the pre-war era.
Gold dust robbery
The gold dust robbery took place 25 March 1839 in London at the Dublin Steam Packet Company. According to the New Newgate Calendar, pp. 480ff, "The extraordinary robbery to which these persons were parties involved circumstances probably more singular than any other which ever came before a court of justice".

The Newgate Calendar
The Newgate Calendar, subtitled The Malefactors' Bloody Register, was a popular collection of moralising stories about sin, crime, and criminals who commit them in England in the 18th and 19th centuries. Originally a monthly bulletin of executions, produced by the Keeper of Newgate Prison in London, the Calendar's title was appropriated by other publishers, who put out biographical chapbooks about notorious criminals such as Sawney Bean, Dick Turpin, and Moll Cutpurse.
Top Sergeant (book)
Top Sergeant: The Life and Times of Sergeant Major of the Army William G. Bainbridge (ISBN 0-449-90892-5) is the autobiography of American soldier William G. Bainbridge, the fifth man to serve as Sergeant Major of the Army. This memoir was co-authored by Dan Cragg, also a retired Sergeant Major. It was published in 1995 by Fawcett.

Fawcett Publications
Fawcett Publications was an American publishing company founded in 1919 in Robbinsdale, Minnesota, by Wilford Hamilton "Captain Billy" Fawcett (1885–1940).

It kicked off with the publication of the bawdy humor magazine Captain Billy's Whiz Bang and expanded into a magazine empire with the first issue of Mechanix Illustrated in the 1920s, followed by numerous titles including True Confessions, Family Circle, Woman's Day, and True. Fawcett Comics, which began operating in 1939, led to the introduction of Captain Marvel. The company became a publisher of paperbacks in 1950 with the opening of Gold Medal Books.

In 1953, the company abandoned its roster of superhero comic characters in the wake of declining sales and a lawsuit for infringement by the Captain Marvel character on the copyright of the Action Comics character Superman, and ended its publication of comic books. It was purchased by CBS Publications in 1977 and subsequently was dismantled and absorbed by other companies.
Brock Jensen
Brock Jensen (born September 19, 1990) is an American former professional football quarterback. He played college football at North Dakota State. He led the North Dakota State Bison to three consecutive national championships (2011–2013). After completing his college career Jensen spent time with the Miami Dolphins, Omaha Mammoths, and Ottawa Redblacks. While with the Ottawa Redblacks he became a Grey Cup champion as the backup to Henry Burris.

Omaha Mammoths
The Omaha Mammoths were a professional football team based in Omaha, Nebraska.  They were a charter member of the Fall Experimental Football League, which was trying to become the developmental league for the National Football League.  They played their home games at TD Ameritrade Park in Omaha, home of the College World Series and the former home of the United Football League's Omaha Nighthawks.  The Mammoths were the first pro outdoor football franchise to play in Omaha since the Nighthawks.

Despite having the strongest attendance in the FXFL for 2014 and a promise from the commissioner that the team would return, the Mammoths were quietly replaced by the Hudson Valley Fort during the 2015 offseason due to travel costs. Mammoths coach Sandy Buda confirmed the report on July 19. The Mammoths finished their first and only season in second place with a record of 3–1, declining to play a championship game.
Anupriya Patel
Anupriya Singh Patel (born 28 April 1981) is an Indian politician, teacher and social worker from the state of Uttar Pradesh who is the president of Apna Dal (Soneylal) party since 2016 and a current minister of State for Chemicals and Fertilizers of India. She has represented Mirzapur in the Lok Sabha since 2014. She was the minister of state in the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, government of India from 2016 to 2019. She was previously elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly for the Rohaniya constituency of the legislature of Uttar Pradesh in Varanasi, where she had fought campaigns in alliance with the Peace Party of India and the Bundelkhand Congress from 2012 to 2014.

Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
The Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers in India is the federal ministry with administrative purview over three departments namely:

Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals

Department of Fertilizers

Department of Pharmaceuticals

The ministry is headed by the Minister of Chemicals and fertilizers. Jagat Prakash Nadda is the current minister.
Iduvoi
11°05′40″N 77°16′50″E﻿ / ﻿11.0944°N 77.2806°E﻿ / 11.0944; 77.2806

Iduvai is a village near Tiruppur in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Iduvai is about 48 kilometres (30 mi) from Coimbatore, 9 km (6 mi) from Tirupur, and 12 km (7 mi) from Palladam. It is located on Tirupur-Palladam State Highway 19.

State Highway 19 (Tamil Nadu)
State Highway 19 runs in Tirupur District of Tamil Nadu, India. It connects Avinashi(Coimbatore) with Kochi Road. It will provide an additional connectivity with the Eastern suburban places of Coimbatore like Avinashi, Palladam, Tirupur with Kochi.
Jakub Szczawiński
Jakub Szczawiński (1577–1637) was a noble (szlachcic) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, of Prawdzic Coat of Arms. He held the offices of voivode of Brześć Kujawski (1622–1637) and starosta łeczycki (1620–1637). He was also the Marshal of the Sejm in 1616 (26 April to 7 June).

He grew up in Borysławice and married Anna Karnkowska.

Note that since that Jakub Szaczawiński died in 1637, he is not the Jakub Szczawiński, also voivode of Brześć Kujawski, who became famous 15 years later for vocally criticizing Władysław Siciński (Bodaj przepadł), the petty noble who was the first to use the infamous liberum veto during the Sejm of 1652.

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Jeanie Deans (opera)
Jeanie Deans is an opera in four acts by Hamish MacCunn (1868–1916) set to a libretto by Joseph Bennett which is loosely based on Walter Scott's 1818 novel, The Heart of Midlothian and is named after its heroine, Jeanie Deans. The opera was commissioned by the Carl Rosa Opera Company and first produced at the Royal Lyceum Theatre in Edinburgh on 15 November 1894 to great acclaim.

The ending of the opera, in which Jeanie's sister, Effie Deans is freed from Tolbooth prison, is not in Scott's novel. The crowd scene in fact refers back to the beginning of the novel where the Porteous Riots are described. The plot of the opera, therefore, ends with the freeing of Effie, and the lives of Jeanie and her sister afterwards are not dealt with.

Carl Rosa Opera Company
The Carl Rosa Opera Company was founded in 1873 by Carl Rosa, a German-born musical impresario, and his wife, British operatic soprano Euphrosyne Parepa-Rosa to present opera in English in London and the British provinces. The company premiered many operas in the UK, employing a mix of established opera stars and young singers, reaching new opera audiences with popularly priced tickets.  It survived Rosa's death in 1889, and continued to present opera in English on tour until 1960, when it was obliged to close for lack of funds. The company was revived in 1997, presenting mostly lighter operatic works including those by Gilbert and Sullivan. The company "was arguably the most influential opera company ever in the UK".
Stockton RFC
Stockton Rugby Football Club is an English amateur rugby union club, based in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, England. Founded in 1873, it currently competes in Counties 1 Durham & Northumberland, the seventh tier of the English rugby union league system, following their relegation from Regional 2 North in 2024. They have played at The Grangefield Ground since 2015, after their move from Norton.

Scott Powell serves as director of rugby. Mark Skirving, Robert Green, Geoff Parling and Shaun McLaren are the other members of the coaching staff, their most recent league finish was fifth out of fourteen participating teams in the 2019–20 season; the season was abandoned prior to the season's conclusion due to the COVID-19 outbreak. The club currently runs six senior teams, four academy teams, six junior teams and three women's teams.

State of the art
The state of the art (SOTA or SotA, sometimes cutting edge, leading edge, or bleeding edge) refers to the highest level of general development, as of a device, technique, or scientific field achieved at a particular time. However, in some contexts it can also refer to a level of development reached at any particular time as a result of the common methodologies employed at the time.

The term has been used since 1910, and has become both a common term in advertising and marketing, and a legally significant phrase with respect to both patent law and tort liability.

In advertising, the phrase is often used to convey that a product is made with the best or latest available technology, but it has been noted that "the term 'state of the art' requires little proof on the part of advertisers", as it is considered mere puffery. The use of the term in patent law "does not connote even superiority, let alone the superlative quality the ad writers would have us ascribe to the term".
Kathputli Colony
Kathputli Colony is a colony of street performers in Shadipur Depot area of Delhi. For the last 50 years, it is home to some 2,800 families of magicians, snake charmers, acrobats, singers, dancers, actors, traditional healers and musicians and especially puppeteers or kathputli-performers from Rajasthan. This makes it world’s largest community of street performers.

The colony is undergoing an in situ redevelopment plan by Delhi Development Authority (DDA) of Government of Delhi.

Delhi Development Authority
The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) is a statutory body established under the Delhi Development Act, 1957, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India to "promote and secure the development of Delhi". It is tasked with large-scale land acquisition for affordable housing in Delhi, as well as planning, development and construction of residential projects and commercial lands. Its responsibilities included providing public facilities like roads, bridges, drains, underground water reservoirs, community centres, sports centres, and green belts  within the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India.
Belarusian dialects in Russia
Belarusian dialects in Russia (Belarusian: Беларускія гаворкі ў Расіі) refers to the functioning of Belarusian dialects among the autochthonous population and migrants on the territory of the Russian Federation. The regions of the Smolensk region, western Bryansk region, and southern Pskov region have the closest historical and linguistic ties to the Belarusian language, as they belong to the ethnic border of Belarusian settlement. Additionally, the Belarusian language and its dialects have been used by resettlers in the Kaliningrad Oblast and Siberia.

Ethnic territory of Belarusians
Ethnic territory of Belarusians (Belarusian: Этнічная тэрыторыя беларусаў) is the territory of compact settlement of Belarusians as an ethnos. The ethnogenesis of Belarusians and their ethnic history are closely tied to this territory. The geographical environment constituting the ethnic territory is not only the living space of the people but also the vital foundation that determines the specifics of their material culture (economic activities, settlement types, spatial contacts) and spiritual culture.
Stephan Bothe
Stephan Bothe (born 8 September 1984 in Munster) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony since 2017. He has served as chairman of the Alternative for Germany in Lüneburg since 2016.

Munster, Lower Saxony
Munster (German pronunciation: [ˈmʊnstɐ] ⓘ; West Low German: Munste), also called Munster (Örtze) or formerly Munsterlager, is a small town in the district of Heidekreis, in Lower Saxony, Germany almost equidistant from Hamburg and Hanover. The town is home to the German Army's largest garrison and is situated between the two training areas of Munster North and Munster South. It is also the fourth largest garrison in the German Armed Forces. The German Chemical Defence Research Establishment (Wehrwissenschaftliches Institut für Schutztechnologien – ABC-Schutz) and the Society for the disposal of chemical warfare agents and old armaments GmbH (Ltd.) (GEKA) are located in Munster.

Soldiers and other government employees make up the majority of its population, and the surrounding military zones restrict the town's growth, retaining its rural character.