hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sobraliinae
Sobraliinae is a subtribe of orchids (family Orchidaceae). Sobraliinae includes two genera, Elleanthus and Sobralia. It is a sub-tribe of the subfamily Epidendroideae, family Orchidaceae. The APG III classification now considers that it is the tribe of Sobralieae also including the genus Sertifera, whereas before, this sub-tribe was not classified in a tribe.

Sertifera
Sertifera is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to northwestern South America.

The following species are recognized as of June 2014:

Sertifera aurantiaca C.Schweinf. - Colombia, Venezuela

Sertifera colombiana Schltr.  - Colombia, Venezuela

Sertifera grandifolia L.O.Williams - Colombia

Sertifera lehmanniana (Kraenzl.) Garay - Ecuador

Sertifera major Schltr.  - Colombia, Ecuador

Sertifera parviflora Schltr.  - Colombia, Ecuador

Sertifera purpurea Lindl. & Rchb.f.  - Colombia, Ecuador
Fryxell
Fryxell is a surname. It is most commonly used in Sweden and America. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Fryxell (1795–1881), Swedish historian

Fritiof Fryxell (1900–1986), American geologist and mountaineer

Greta Fryxell, (1926–2017), American marine scientist

Paul Fryxell (1927–2011), American botanist

Regina Fryxell (1899–1993), composer of Lutheran hymns

Roald H. Fryxell (1934–1974), American geologist and archaeologist

Regina Fryxell
Regina Fryxell, born Regina Holmén (November 24, 1899 – September 19, 1993) was an American educator and musician. She was most known as a popular and influential composer of Lutheran choir anthems, hymns and liturgical pieces.
Hayling Billy
Hayling Billy is a  42-hectare (100-acre) Local Nature Reserve on Hayling Island in Hampshire. It is owned by Hampshire County Council and managed by Hampshire Countryside Service. It is part of Chichester and Langstone Harbours Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, Solent Maritime Special Area of Conservation and Langstone Harbour Site of Special Scientific Interest.

This is a footpath along the former Hayling Island branch railway line along the eastern shore of Langstone Harbour between Havant and South Hayling.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
Peter Sutton
Peter Sutton is the name of:

Peter Sutton (anthropologist) (born 1946), Australian social anthropologist and linguist

Peter Sutton (basketball) (1931–1985), Australian Olympic basketball player

Peter Sutton (sound engineer) (1943–2008), American sound engineer

Peter Sutton (bishop) (1923–2013), Anglican bishop of Nelson

Peter Alfred Sutton (1934–2015), Roman Catholic bishop

Peter Sutton (priest) (born 1959), Archdeacon of the Isle of Wight

Peter C. Sutton (born 1949), American art historian

Peter Sutton (anthropologist)
Peter Sutton FASSA (born 1946) is an Australian social anthropologist and linguist who has, since 1969, contributed to: recording Australian Aboriginal languages; promoting Australian Aboriginal art; mapping Australian Aboriginal cultural landscapes; and increasing societies' general understanding of contemporary Australian Aboriginal social structures and systems of land tenure. In 1976 Isobel Wolmby and her husband of the Wik peoples adopted Sutton as their tribal son.

From 2004 to 2008, Sutton held an Australian Research Council (ARC) Professorial Fellowship at the University of Adelaide's School of Earth & Environmental Sciences and within the South Australian Museum's Division of Anthropology. In 2003-2009, he was an Honorary Research Fellow at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London.
Charles "Poss" Parsons
Charles Lyman "Poss" Parsons (May 3, 1892 – August 26, 1942) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the Colorado School of Mines in 1916 and Colorado College from 1919 to 1921.

Parsons was the sports editor at the Denver Post from 1922–1941, and was posthumously inducted into the Colorado Sports Hall of Fame (Class of 1982).

Parsons died at his home in West Yellowstone, Montana, on August 26, 1942, at the age of 50.

West Yellowstone, Montana
West Yellowstone is a town in Gallatin County, Montana, United States, adjacent to Yellowstone National Park. The population was 1,272 at the 2020 census. West Yellowstone is served by Yellowstone Airport. It is part of the Bozeman, MT Micropolitan Statistical Area.

West Yellowstone offers lodging, gift shops, and other services to travelers visiting nearby Yellowstone National Park.
Eto Nabuli
Etonia Nabuli (born 24 August 1988) is a Fijian-born Australian professional rugby footballer who  plays rugby league for the Wentworthville Magpies in the Ron Massey Cup. He previously played rugby league for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the National Rugby League as a wing, also representing Fiji. He also played rugby union for the Reds.

Wentworthville Magpies
The Wentworthville Magpies, colloquially known as Wenty, are an Australian rugby league team based in the suburb of Wentworthville in Sydney's Western Suburbs. Founded in 1963 (or 1937), the club has competed in various Sydney district competitions and, since 2003, the semi-professional Ron Massey Cup and Sydney Shield competitions in NSW, Australia. The club also fielded a team in the Canterbury Cup NSW as part of a joint-venture with the Parramatta Eels between 2008 and 2019 acting as Parramatta's feeder club.
Rob Bochnik
Rob Bochnik (born 1973) is an American musician, audio engineer, singer and songwriter. He is guitarist with The Frames, has worked with The Swell Season, The Butcher Shop Quartet and records as a solo artist. He has worked on several projects as an audio engineer including the Grammy-nominated Once soundtrack and Set List, The Frames' 2003 live album.

Once (film)
Once is a 2007 Irish 
romantic musical drama film written and directed by John Carney. The film stars Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová as two struggling musicians in Dublin, Ireland. Hansard and Irglová had previously performed music as the Swell Season, and composed and performed the film's original songs.

Once spent years in development with the Irish Film Board and was made for a budget of €112,000. It was a commercial success, earning substantial per-screen box office averages in the United States, and received acclaim from critics. It received awards including the 2007 Independent Spirit Award for Best Foreign Film. Hansard and Irglová's song "Falling Slowly" won the 2008 Academy Award for Best Original Song (making Irglova the youngest person to win an Oscar in a non-acting category), and the soundtrack received a Grammy Award nomination. The film has also been adapted into a successful stage musical.
Ivanhoe, Iowa
Ivanhoe was a town in Franklin Township, Linn County, Iowa, United States. It was founded by early Iowa settlers, and laid out as a town by Anton Cowles at the intersection of the Old Military Road and the Red Cedar River. It was laid out in 1838 and surveyed in 1841.  Ivanhoe was never platted, though it did have its own post office from 1845–49. Unlike other towns founded around that time on the Old Military Road, Ivanhoe faded away; many of its residents relocated to Mount Vernon, Cedar Rapids, or Marion. The February 1921 edition of The Palimpsest describes the area as having been "a refuge for horse thieves and dealers in counterfeit money", though it is unclear whether that was during the time that the town existed or afterwards. Besides the cemetery there are no standing structures left of the old town.

Cedar River (Iowa River tributary)
The Cedar River is a 338-mile-long (544 km) river in Minnesota and Iowa. It is a tributary of the Iowa River, which flows to the Mississippi River.  The Cedar River takes its name from the red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) trees growing there, and was originally called the Red Cedar River by the Meskwaki.  The first Mississippi steamboat reached Cedar Rapids, Iowa in 1844, and during the next decade, the Red Cedar (as it was still called) was an important commercial waterway.  The surrounding region is known officially as the Cedar River Valley, though it is more commonly referred to simply as the Cedar Valley. The stream is young geologically, and only in places where the glacial material has been removed is the underlying bedrock exposed.
Satoru Someya
Satoru Someya (ca. 1965 – 6 September 2003), who was a Japanese freelance journalist reporting on organized crime in Kabukichō, Tokyo, Japan, under the pen name Kuragaki Kashiwabara, was kidnapped and murdered in retaliation for his reporting about locksmiths and their involvement in thefts and for refusing to apologize to one of the subjects in a book before the fatal crime. He is the only journalist listed as confirmed by the Committee to Protect Journalists to be killed in Japan for his journalism.

Tokyo Bay
Tokyo Bay (東京湾, Tōkyō-wan) is a bay located in the southern Kantō region of Japan spanning the coasts of Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, and Chiba Prefecture, on the southern coast of the island of Honshu. Tokyo Bay is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Uraga Channel. The Tokyo Bay region is the most populous and the largest industrialized area in Japan.
Kosovo curse
The Kosovo curse (Serbian: Косовска клетва / Kosovska kletva) or Prince's curse (Serbian: Кнежева клетва / Kneževa kletva), is according to legend, a curse said by Serbian Saint Lazar Hrebeljanović before the Battle of Kosovo. Lazar curses those Serbs who ignored his call for war against the Ottoman Empire. Constantine of Kostenets recorded that Lazar issued an "invitation and threat" to Serbian states which is preserved in the Serbian epic poetry in the form of a curse.

From 1778 to 1781, Avram Miletić composed a miscellany of 129 songs (Serbian: Песмарица/Pesmarica) which also included the song "A history of Musić Stefan" containing a form of the Kosovo curse. One form of the curse appeared in the 1845 edition of the collection of Serbian folk songs by Vuk Karadžić. It is an updated version of a 1813 text by Karadžić with stronger nationalist overtones.

Karadžić's "Kosovo curse" is inscribed on the Gazimestan monument, where the Battle of Kosovo was fought.

Constantine of Kostenets
Constantine of Kostenets (Bulgarian: Константин Костенечки, romanized: Konstantin Kostenechki; c. 1380 – after 1431), also known as Constantine the Philosopher (Serbian: Константин Филозоф / Konstantin Filozof), was a medieval Bulgarian writer and chronicler, who spent most of his life in the Serbian Despotate. He is best known for his biography of Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević, which George Ostrogorsky described as "the most important historical work of old Serbian literature", and for writing the first Serbian philological study, Skazanije o pismeneh (A History on the Letters). He followed the writing style of the Old Serbian "vita", first popularized in the Serbian scriptoria of the 12th century. When the Turks invaded Bulgaria, Serbia granted refuge to such men of letters as Kostonets, Grigorije Camblak, and Ioasaf of Vidin.
Lemuel Shattuck
Lemuel Shattuck (15 October 1793, in Ashby, Massachusetts – 17 January 1859, in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American educator, politician, historian, bookseller, and publisher.  He is best known for promoting statistical studies of populations, including setting up a system in Massachusetts that became a model, and planning the interview schedules for the federal Census of 1850.

Ashby, Massachusetts
Ashby is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 3,193 at the 2020 census, which makes it the least populous municipality in Middlesex County. Ashby is primarily a bedroom community, consisting almost entirely of single family homes and a limited number of businesses.

Ashby is also host to a large portion of the Willard Brook State Forest, including Damon Pond, Trap Falls, and numerous miles of hiking trails.
Fate (1953 song)
"Fate" is a popular song from the 1953 musical Kismet and is credited to Robert Wright and George Forrest.  Like all the music in that show, the melody was in fact based on music composed by Alexander Borodin, in this case, Borodin's Symphony No.2. It was introduced on Broadway by Alfred Drake. Howard Keel performed the song in the film version.

George Forrest (author)
George Forrest (born George Forrest Chichester Jr., July 31, 1915 – October 10, 1999) was an American writer of music and lyrics for musical theatre best known for the show Kismet, adapted from the works of Alexander Borodin. He was also known professionally at times as Chet Forrest.
Lane Lambert
Lane Douglas Lambert (born November 18, 1964) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player who is the head coach for the Seattle Kraken of the National Hockey League (NHL). Drafted 25th overall in the second round of the 1983 NHL entry draft, Lambert played 283 games in the NHL for the Quebec Nordiques, New York Rangers, and Detroit Red Wings between 1983 and 1989.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
The Cuckoo (song)
"The Cuckoo" (Roud 413) is a traditional English folk song, also sung in the United States, Canada, Scotland and Ireland. The song is known by many names, including "The Coo-Coo", "The Coo-Coo Bird", "The Cuckoo Bird", "The Cuckoo Is a Pretty Bird", "The Evening Meeting", "The Unconstant Lover", "Bunclody" and "Going to Georgia". In the United States, the song is sometimes syncretized with the other traditional folk song "Jack of Diamonds". Lyrics usually include the line (or a slight variation): "The cuckoo is a pretty bird, she sings as she flies; she brings us glad tidings, and she tells us no lies."

According to Thomas Goldsmith of The Raleigh News & Observer, "The Cuckoo" is an interior monologue where the singer "relates his desires — to gamble, to win, to regain love's affection."

The song is featured in the E.L. Doctorow book The March. A soldier suffering from a metal spike stuck in his head sings verses from the song.

The March (novel)
The March: A Novel is a 2005 historical fiction novel by E. L. Doctorow. Its title refers to Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's March to the Sea during the American Civil War. It won the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction (2006) and the National Book Critics Circle Award/Fiction (2005).
Zytek ZJ458 engine
The Zytek ZJ458 engine is a 4.5-litre, normally-aspirated, V8 racing engine, developed and produced by Zytek for sports car racing. The ZJ458's rev-limit was about 10,000 rpm, and produces its power output of 635–700 hp (474–522 kW) at 9,000 rpm, and peak torque of 590 N⋅m (435 lb⋅ft) @ 7,500 rpm.

Naturally aspirated engine
A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a turbocharger or a supercharger.
Austria men's national field hockey team
The Austria men's national field hockey team represents Austria in men's international field hockey.

Austria mainly competes in the Men's EuroHockey Championship II where they finished second twice. They also have qualified five times for the European championship where they finished seventh in 2009 and 2017. They have never qualified for the World Cup but they have played in three Olympic Games, their last appearance was in 1952.

2017 Men's EuroHockey Championship
The 2017 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the 16th edition of the Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship, the biennial international men's field hockey championship of Europe organised by the EHF. It was held from 19 to 27 August 2017 in the Wagener Stadium in Amstelveen, Netherlands. The tournament also served as a qualifier for the 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup, with the winner qualifying.

The hosts and defending champions the Netherlands won their fifth overall title by defeating Belgium 4–2 in the final, while England captured third place by beating Germany 4–2.
Diffraction efficiency
In optics, diffraction efficiency is the performance of diffractive optical elements – especially diffraction gratings – in terms of power throughput. It's a measure of how much optical power is diffracted into a designated direction compared to the power incident onto the diffractive element of grating.

If the diffracted power is designated with P and the incident power with P0, the efficiency η reads

Optical power
In optics, optical power (also referred to as dioptric power, refractive power, focal power, focusing power, or convergence power) is the degree to which a lens, mirror, or other optical system converges or diverges light. It is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length of the device; high optical power corresponds to short focal length. The SI unit for optical power is the inverse metre (m−1), which is also called a dioptre (symbol: dpt or D) when used as a unit of optical power.
History of Mordovian sport
Saransk is one of the major sport centers in Volga region because of the conditions made for the development of amateur and professional sports. In the city there are such large sport facilities as the Republican Sports Palace, the Ice Palace, the Sport Complex "Mordovia", Leonid Arkaev Sports Center, sport and health clubs, as well as gyms. In Mordovia there is a great number of sports schools, training  outstanding athletes. Mordovia is famous also for Olympic champions such as Aleksey Mishin (wrestler), Denis Nizhegorodov, Valeriy Borchin, Olga Kaniskina and many world and Russian champions in various sports.

Volga region
The Volga region, known as the Povolzhye (UK: /pəˈvɔːlʒeɪ/ pə-VAWL-zhay, US: /pəˈvoʊlʒeɪ/ pə-VOHL-zhay; Russian: Поволжье [pɐˈvoɫʐje] lit. 'Along the Volga'), is a historical region in Russia that encompasses the drainage basin of the Volga River, the longest river in Europe, in central and southern European Russia.
The Volga region is culturally separated into three sections:

■ Upper Volga Region – from the Volga River's source in Tver Oblast to the mouth of the Oka River in Nizhny Novgorod;

■ Middle Volga Region – from the mouth of the Oka River to the mouth of the Kama River south of Kazan;

■ Lower Volga Region – from the mouth of the Kama River to the Volga Delta in the Caspian Sea, in Astrakhan Oblast.

The geographic boundaries of the region are vague, and the term Volga region is used to refer primarily to the Middle and Lower sections, which are included in the Volga Federal District and Volga economic region.
Ehrenreich
Ehrenreich (German for "rich in honour") is a surname that was adopted by diverse families in Germany when surnames became legally required. Most people with this name are of Jewish heritage, but there are also people of this name with Catholic heritage. Notable people with the surname include:

Alden Ehrenreich (born 1989), American actor

Alfred Ehrenreich (1882–1931), American ichthyologist

Barbara Ehrenreich (1941–2022), American writer and columnist

Ben Ehrenreich (born 1972), American freelance journalist and novelist, son of Barbara

Henry Ehrenreich (1928–2008), American physicist and professor

Martin Ehrenreich (born 1983), Austrian football defender

Moses Levi Ehrenreich (1818–1899), Polish-Italian rabbi

Ron Ehrenreich (born 1950), American credit union officer and teacher

Ron Ehrenreich
Ron Ehrenreich (born 1950) is an American credit union officer and teacher. He was the vice-presidential candidate for the Socialist Party USA in the 1988 United States presidential election, as the running mate of Willa Kenoyer. The ticket received 3,882 votes, 2,587 of the votes came from New Jersey. He has been the treasurer of the Syracuse Cooperative Federal Credit Union since its opening in 1982.  He later ran as a Green Party candidate for Onondaga County, New York Comptroller in 1999. Ron is married to Sondra Roth, and has two children.
Adolphe Merkle Institute
The Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI) is a research center in Fribourg, Switzerland focused on nanoscience. The institute is named after the Swiss entrepreneur Adolphe Merkle who created the foundation that partially funded the institute.

Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, chemical substances or materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale).

Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, thermo-physical or mechanical properties.

Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized and beginning to emerge as commodities.
Cumbum mandal
Cumbum mandal is one of the 21 mandals in Markapuram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is administered under Markapur revenue division and its headquarters are located at Cumbum.: 16  The mandal is bounded by Ardhaveedu, Markapur, Tarlupadu, Racherla, Bestavaripeta mandals and two rivers namely, Gundlakamma and Vemuleru rivers flows through it.

Markapuram revenue division
Markapuram revenue division is an administrative division in the Markapuram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 2 revenue divisions in the district which consists of 15 mandals under its administration. Markapuram is the administrative headquarters of the division.
Hammira Raso
Hammira Raso, also called Hammir Raso or Hamir Raso, is an 18th or 19th century CE Hindi-language poem by Jodharaja. It contains a legendary biography of the 14th century king Rao Hamir (Hammir or Hammira of Ranthambore). Much of the text describes the conflict between Hamir and the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji, presenting Hamir as a hero.

Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura
The Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura were a 13th-century Indian dynasty. They ruled the area around their capital Ranastambhapura (Ranthambore) in present-day Rajasthan, initially as vassals of the Delhi Sultanate, and later gained independence. They belonged to the Chahamana (Chauhan) clan of the Rajputs, and are also known as Chauhans of Ranthambore in vernacular Rajasthani bardic literature.

The Chahamana line of Ranastambhapura was established by Govindaraja, who agreed to rule as a vassal of the Ghurids in 1192, after they defeated his father, the Shakambhari Chahamana king Prithviraja III. Govindaraja's descendants gained and lost their independence to the Delhi Sultanate multiple times during the 13th century. Hammira, the last king of the dynasty, adopted an expansionist policy, and raided several neighbouring kingdoms. The dynasty ended with his defeat against the Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji at the Siege of Ranthambore in 1301.