hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malian nationality law
Malian nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of Mali, as amended; the Personal and Family Code, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Mali. The legal means to acquire nationality, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. Nationality describes the relationship of an individual to the state under international law, whereas citizenship is the domestic relationship of an individual within the nation. Malian nationality is typically obtained under the jus sanguinis, i.e. by birth in Mali or abroad to parents with Malian nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalization.

1992 Constitution of Mali
The 1992 Constitution of Mali was approved by a referendum on 12 January 1992 after being drawn up by a national conference in August 1991. The constitution provides for multi party democracy within a semi-presidential system.
It was briefly suspended after the 2012 military coup.
Rainer Jarohs
Rainer Jarohs (born August 8, 1957) is a German former footballer.

He played in the East German top-flight only for FC Hansa Rostock (259 matches, 76 goals).

In three full A internationals for East Germany he scored one goal.

East Germany national football team
The East Germany national football team, recognised as Germany DR by FIFA, represented East Germany in men's international football, playing as one of three post-war German teams, along with Saarland and West Germany.

East Germany qualified for the World Cup once, doing so in 1974, and after German reunification in 1990, the Deutscher Fußball Verband der DDR (DFV, English: German Football Association of the GDR), and with it the East German team, joined the Deutscher Fußball Bund (DFB) and the West Germany national football team that had just won the World Cup.
Jumbo Breakfast Roll
"Jumbo Breakfast Roll" is a 2006 single by Irish comedian Pat Shortt, under the guise of Showband singer 'Dicksie Walsh'. The subject of the song is the ubiquitous (in Ireland) breakfast roll.

The song was a number one hit in the Republic of Ireland for six weeks. It was the best selling song of 2006 in Ireland, outselling Shakira's "Hips Don't Lie" by 500 copies.

According to figures compiled by GfK Chart-Track Jumbo Breakfast Roll came in at number 11 on the list of top selling songs of the decade. Pat Howe, music manager for HMV Ireland described it as a "guilty pleasure" and noted the Irish have a thing for novelty songs.

Pat Shortt
Patrick Shortt (born 12 December 1967) is an Irish actor, comedian, writer, and entertainer. His role in the 2007 film Garage led to him receiving the IFTA for Best Actor. He is most notably remembered for his role as Tom in the television series Father Ted.
Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge
The Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge is located in the foothills of the southwestern San Joaquin Valley in Kern County, California. The refuge is one of four units of the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge Complex for California condors.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
Siedlec, Pajęczno County
Siedlec [ˈɕɛdlɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pajęczno, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Pajęczno and 76 km (47 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Joan Enric Vives i Sicília
Joan-Enric Vives i Sicília (Catalan: [ʒuˈan ənˈriɡ ˈbiβəz i siˈsili.ə]; born 24 July 1949) is a Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Urgell and ex officio episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra from 2003 to 2025.

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
Eagles Greatest Hits Volume 2
Eagles Greatest Hits Volume 2 is the second compilation album by the Eagles. It features many of their biggest hits not on Their Greatest Hits (1971–1975), including "Hotel California", their signature song. The album was released in 1982, after the band's breakup. That same year, Don Henley and Glenn Frey both released their debut solo albums.

The compilation features eight combined tracks from Hotel California and The Long Run. Also included is "After the Thrill Is Gone", an album track from One of These Nights. (That song, with its title that summed up the state of the band at the time, was strategically placed as the last track on Eagles Greatest Hits Volume 2.) "Seven Bridges Road", the single from 1980's Eagles Live, rounds out the album, which has sold over 11 million copies in the U.S. since its release.

Seven Bridges Road
"Seven Bridges Road" is a song written by American musician Steve Young, recorded in 1969 for his Rock Salt & Nails album. It has since been covered by many artists, the best-known versions being a five-part harmony arrangement by English musician Iain Matthews in 1973 and a similar version recorded by the American rock band the Eagles in 1980.
Konak Tunnel
Konak Tunnel (Turkish: Konak Tüneli) is a road tunnel in Konak district of in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was opened to traffic in 2015.

The tunnel is situated in Konak, İzmir connecting the Mustafa Kemal Coastal Boulevard in Konak with Yeşildere Street in Yeşildere neighborhood in the city's south. With the building of the tunnel, the traffic congestion in Konak area was significantly eased. Its construction began on 23 September 2011, and it was opened on 25 May 2015 by Prime minister Ahmet Davutoğlu. It has twin bores in 1,674 m (5,492 ft) length carrying two lanes of traffic in each direction. The middle of the tunnel is at a depth of 100 m (330 ft). The construction cost planned was ₺ 150 million.

Together with the Buca-Bornova Tunnel, the Konak Tunnel is part of a 7 km (4.3 mi) long "express route" that will connect central Konak with the İzmir Coach Terminal in Bornova.

Bornova
Bornova is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 220 km2, and its population is 454,470 (2022). It is the third largest district in İzmir's metropolitan area and is almost fully urbanized at the rate of 98.6 percent, with correspondingly high levels of development in terms of industries and services. Bornova's center is situated at a distance of 8 km (5 mi) to the northeast of the traditional center of İzmir (Konak Square in Konak, İzmir) and 5 km (3 mi) from the coastline at the tip of the Gulf of İzmir to the west. Bornova district area is surrounded by the district areas of Yunusemre (Manisa Province) and Menemen to the north, Kemalpaşa to the east, Buca to the south, and Konak and Karşıyaka to the west, where the larger part of İzmir's urban area extends. Bornova is home to Ege University's main campus and associated hospital, one of the largest and foremost medical centers in western Turkey.
Foidolite
Foidolite (/ˈfɔɪdəlaɪt/) is a rare phaneritic (coarse-grained) intrusive igneous rock in which more than 60% (by volume) of light-coloured minerals are feldspathoids. Crystals of alkali feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, pyroxene, and/or olivine may be present within the rock. The volcanic equivalents are termed foidite and phonolitic or tephritic foidites.

Some foidolites are a potential source of aluminium.

Amphibole
Amphibole (/ˈæmfəboʊl/ AM-fə-bohl) is a group of inosilicate minerals, forming prism or needlelike crystals, composed of double chain SiO4 tetrahedra, linked at the vertices and generally containing ions of iron and/or magnesium in their structures. Its IMA symbol is Amp. Amphiboles can be green, black, colorless, white, yellow, blue, or brown. The International Mineralogical Association currently classifies amphiboles as a mineral supergroup, within which are two groups and several subgroups.
Ca' Foscari
45°26′04″N 12°19′36″E﻿ / ﻿45.434464°N 12.326564°E﻿ / 45.434464; 12.326564

Ca' Foscari, the palace of the Foscari family, is a Gothic building on the waterfront of the Grand Canal in the Dorsoduro sestiere of Venice, Italy.

It was built for the doge Francesco Foscari in 1453, and designed by the architect Bartolomeo Bon. It is now the main seat of Ca' Foscari University of Venice.

The palace is located on the widest bend of the Grand Canal. Here, during the annual Regata Storica (Historical Regatta), held on the first Sunday in September, a floating wooden structure known as La Machina is placed (from this structure the Venetian authorities watch the race); this is also the site of the finishing line, and the venue for prize-giving.

Dorsoduro
Dorsoduro is one of the six historic sestieri (districts) of Venice, Italy, located in the southern part of the city and known for its relatively firm terrain that earned it the name meaning "hard back" or "hard ridge" in Italian, distinguishing it from the more marshy areas of the lagoon. It stretches from the Grand Canal in the north to the Giudecca Canal in the south, encompassing waterfront promenades like the Zattere, the Punta della Dogana viewpoint, and occasionally including the nearby Giudecca island.
La Lanterne (newspaper)
La Lanterne (French pronunciation: [la lɑ̃tɛʁn]) was a satiric weekly newspaper edited by Henri Rochefort.

Created in 1868, La Lanterne was sold clandestinely before ceasing publication in 1876. The title La Lanterne was reissued in 1877.

Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay
Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay (French pronunciation: [viktɔʁ ɑ̃ʁi ʁɔʃfɔʁ maʁki də ʁɔʃfɔʁ lysɛ]; 30 January 1831 – 30 June 1913) was a French writer of vaudevilles and politician. He was born in Paris and died in Aix-les-Bains.
Lorden's inequality
In probability theory, Lorden's inequality is a bound for the moments of overshoot for a stopped sum of random variables, first published by Gary Lorden in 1970. Overshoots play a central role in renewal theory.

Gary Lorden
Gary A. Lorden (June 10, 1941 – October 25, 2023) was an American mathematician, educator, and prominent figure in the field of applied mathematics and statistics. A professor emeritus at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Lorden made contributions to mathematics research, particularly in statistics and its real-world applications. He was known for his role as a technical advisor on TV show NUMB3RS, where he helped bridge the gap between mathematics and criminal justice.
Knights of the City
Knights of the City (originally Cry of the City) is a 1986 action adventure film starring Leon Isaac Kennedy, Nicholas Campbell, John Mengatti and Janine Turner.  It was directed by Dominic Orlando and written by Leon Isaac Kennedy. Mobster Michael Franzese was a producer on the film.

Harry Wayne Casey
Harry Wayne Casey (born January 31, 1951), better known by his stage name KC, is an American record producer, musician, and songwriter. He is best known for his band, KC and the Sunshine Band, with co-founder Richard Finch. Casey has enjoyed success and recognition as a producer of several hits for other artists, and as a pioneer of the disco genre of the 1970s.
Velouté sauce
A velouté sauce (French pronunciation: [vəlute] ⓘ) is a savory sauce that is made from a roux and a light stock. It is one of the "mother sauces" of French cuisine listed by chef Auguste Escoffier in the early twentieth century. Velouté is  French for 'velvety'.

In preparing a velouté sauce, a light stock (one in which the bones of the base used have not been roasted previously), such as veal, chicken, or fish stock, is thickened with a blond roux. The sauce produced is commonly referred to by the type of stock used (e.g. chicken velouté, fish velouté, seafood velouté).

Velvet
Velvet is a type of woven fabric with a dense, even pile that gives it a distinctive soft feel. Historically, velvet was typically made from silk. Modern velvet can be made from silk, linen, cotton, wool, synthetic fibers, silk-cotton blends, or synthetic-natural fiber blends.
Antoine Schmitt
Antoine Schmitt (born 1961 in Strasbourg) is a French visual artist and programming engineer who revolves in the fields of digital art and digital design, especially in the field of the connected objects.

Dominique Moulon
Dominique Moulon (born 1962) is a historian of art and technology, art critic and curator, specializing in French digital art. He is the author of the books Art contemporain nouveaux médias and Art Beyond Digital.
Carlos Gómez-Díaz
Carlos Gómez-Díaz (born 24 December 1968) is an Argentine former professional tennis player.

Born and raised in Rafaela, Gómez-Díaz was based in France during his career and reached a best singles world ranking of 198. He featured in the qualifying draws of all four grand slam tournaments and had multiple wins over Gustavo Kuerten on the satellite tour. His only ATP Tour main draw appearance came in doubles at Bucharest in 1994.

Gómez-Díaz, who coached Gilles Müller on the junior circuit, emigrated to Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 2003.

Gilles Müller
Gilles Müller (Luxembourgish pronunciation: [ˈʒil ˈmylɐ]; born 9 May 1983) is a Luxembourgish former professional tennis player. He is a two-time major singles quarterfinalist, making him by far the most successful male tennis player in Luxembourgish history. Müller won two titles on the ATP Tour and achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21 on 31 July 2017. He was known for his powerful left-handed serve and net skills. Following his retirement, Müller was appointed as Luxembourg's Davis Cup team captain.
Carbamoyl-serine ammonia-lyase
The enzyme carbamoyl-serine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.13) catalyzes the chemical reaction

O-carbamoyl-L-serine + H2O = pyruvate + 2 NH3 + CO2 (overall reaction)
(1a) O-carbamoyl-L-serine = CO2 + NH3 + 2-aminoprop-2-enoate
(1b) 2-aminoprop-2-enoate = 2-iminopropanoate (spontaneous)
(1c) 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH3 (spontaneous)

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically ammonia lyases, which cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is O-carbamoyl-L-serine ammonia-lyase (decarboxylating; pyruvate-forming). Other names in common use include O-carbamoyl-L-serine deaminase, carbamoylserine deaminase, and O-carbamoyl-L-serine ammonia-lyase (pyruvate-forming).  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Ivan Ćurković
Ivan Ćurković (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Ћурковић, pronounced [ǐʋan tɕǔːrkoʋitɕ]; born 15 March 1944) is a Serbian sports executive and former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

During his playing career that spanned 21 seasons from 1960 to 1981, Ćurković made over 700 official appearances for three clubs in Yugoslavia and France, winning numerous trophies and reaching the European Cup final on two occasions, with Partizan in 1966 and Saint-Étienne in 1976. He was also capped 19 times by Yugoslavia at senior level between 1963 and 1970.

After hanging up his boots, Ćurković held various high-level administrative positions, including serving as president of the Serbian Olympic Committee and vice-president of the Serbian Football Association. He also acted as president of his former club Partizan for almost two decades from 1989 to 2006.

1975–76 European Cup
The 1975–76 season of the European Cup football club tournament was won for the third consecutive time by Bayern Munich in the final against Saint-Étienne at Hampden Park, Glasgow. This was the first time that Bayern Munich participated as last year's Cup winners only (Borussia Mönchengladbach won the 1974–75 Bundesliga).

It would be another 42 years before a club again won this tournament in three consecutive seasons, this being achieved by Real Madrid in 2018. Only Real Madrid, Ajax, and Bayern Munich won in three consecutive seasons.

In France, Saint-Étienne's appearance in the final sparked a huge public enthusiasm. In the final, "the Greens" hit the square posts of Glasgow's Hampden Park stadium. Despite their defeat 1-0, they paraded down the Champs Elysées the following day for their great performance.
The Paddingtons
The Paddingtons are an English indie rock band from Hull who formed in 2002. Between April 2005 and 9 November 2006, they played over 150 live shows, including venues such as Trent Park Golf Club, The Square, Harlow; Jersey Live; Summercase; The Underground, Stoke-on-Trent; T in the Park and at the Reading and Leeds Festivals. Electronicore band Enter Shikari from Friendly Fires' hometown St. Albans named the song after them, "the Paddington Frisk".

St Albans
St Albans (/sənt ˈɔːlbənz/) is a cathedral city in Hertfordshire, England, east of Hemel Hempstead and west of Hatfield, 20 miles (32 km) north-west of London, 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Welwyn Garden City and 11 miles (18 km) south-east of Luton. St Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street for travellers heading north and became the city of Verulamium. It has a population of 82,146.
2014 Minnesota State Auditor election
The 2014 Minnesota State Auditor election was held on November 4, 2014, to elect the Minnesota State Auditor.

Incumbent Democratic–Farmer–Labor State Auditor Rebecca Otto ran for re-election to a third term in office. Primary elections were held on August 12, 2014. The Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) renominated Otto, the Republican Party nominated former Long Lake Mayor Randy Gilbert and the Independence Party nominated business owner Pat Dean.

Otto defeated Gilbert in the general election by a significant margin.

Minnesota State Auditor
The state auditor of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Nineteen individuals have held the office of state auditor since statehood. The incumbent is Julie Blaha, a member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
Rosner
Rosner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Rosner (1945–2013), American composer

Eddie Rosner (1910–1976), Polish jazz musician

Fred Rosner (21st century), American physician

Heinz Rosner (born 1939), motorcycle road racer

Henry J. Rosner (1909–1982), American policy researcher

Mina Rosner (1913–1997), Canadian writer

Richard G. Rosner

Rick Rosner (born 1941), American television writer

Robert Rosner (21st century), American astrophysicist

Shmuel Rosner (21st century), Israeli journalist

Simon Rösner (21st century), German squash player

Fred Rosner
Fred Rosner (October 3, 1935 – July 2024) was an American professor of medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the director of the Department of Medicine at Queens Hospital Center. He was also the chairman of the Medical Ethics Committee of the State of New York.  He was, moreover, an expert on Jewish medical ethics and on the medical writings of Moses Maimonides.
Milestones (Roy Orbison album)
Milestones is the eighteenth album by Roy Orbison, released on September 24, 1973, by MGM Records—his last album for that label. It was arranged by Joe Tanner, Rex North and Randy Goodrum. It features cover versions of contemporary pop hits. Orbison's version of Maureen McGovern's song "The Morning After" was featured in the film The Poseidon Adventure.

The album was released on compact disc in 2004 combined with two other albums: Roy Orbison Sings and Memphis. The album was also included in a box set titled The MGM Years 1965–1973 – Roy Orbison from 2015.

MGM Records
MGM Records was a record label founded by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack recordings (later LP albums) of their musical films. It transitioned into a pop music label that continued into the 1970s. The company also released soundtrack albums of the music for some of their non-musical films as well, and on rare occasions, cast albums of off-Broadway musicals such as The Fantasticks and the 1954 revival of The Threepenny Opera. In one instance, MGM Records released the highly successful soundtrack album of a film made by another studio, Columbia Pictures's Born Free (1966).
Saionji Shōshi
Saionji Shōshi (西園寺しょう子, 西園寺鏱子; 1271 – 10 June 1342), also known as Eifuku Mon'in (永福門院) (also written Eifuku-mon In), was a celebrated Japanese poet of the Kamakura period, and a consort of the 92nd emperor, Fushimi. Her father was the Chancellor Sane-kane.  She was a member of the Kyōgoku school of verse (京極派, Kyōgoku-ha), and her work appears in the Gyokuyōshū.

She became empress in 1288, and though she had no children of her own, she adopted Go-Fushimi.  In 1298, her husband abdicated the throne.  On 23 June 1316 (5th year of Shōwa), she took tonsure as a Buddhist nun and was given the Dharma name Shin'nyo Gen (真如源).

Shōwa (1312–1317)
Shōwa (正和) or Medieval Showa was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year number") after Ōchō and before Bunpō. This period spanned the years from March 1312 through February 1317. The reigning emperor was Hanazono-tennō (花園天皇).