hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of poverty in the United States
The history of poverty in the United States covers poor people and antipoverty efforts from the colonial era to the 1990s.  The history of poverty and social welfare in the United States begins when England started planning its new colonies and these issues are deeply intertwined with the major political, economic, and social developments that have shaped the American experience.

Freedmen's Bureau
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. government agency of early post American Civil War Reconstruction, assisting freedmen (i.e., former enslaved people) in the South. It was established on March 3, 1865, and operated briefly as a federal agency after the War, from 1865 to November 1872, to direct provisions, clothing, and fuel for the immediate and temporary shelter and supply of destitute and suffering refugees and freedmen and their wives and children.
All by Myself (Shirley Bassey album)
All by Myself is a 1982 album by Shirley Bassey. Having ended her contract with United Artists around 1980 (around the time that label was sold to Bassey's former home EMI), Bassey took a break from recording, and then began releasing albums on various labels. All by Myself was the first of these, issued on the Applause label. 1982 was the dawn of the CD era, and this was her first-ever album to be issued on CD. The album was also issued on LP and cassette. In the UK and some other countries, the album was titled Love Songs, with identical cover art, and under that name it charted for five weeks on the UK albums chart, on the K-tel label, peaking at #48. 
The original CD has since become scarce, though the songs have appeared on many compilations.

United Artists Records
United Artists Records was an American record label founded by Max E. Youngstein of United Artists in 1957 to issue movie soundtracks. The label expanded into other genres, such as easy listening, jazz, pop, and R&B.
35th GLAAD Media Awards
The 35th GLAAD Media Awards was the 2024 annual presentation of the GLAAD Media Awards by GLAAD honoring 2023 films, television shows, video games, musicians and works of journalism that fairly, accurately and inclusively represent the LGBT community and issues relevant to the community.

As in previous years, the awards was presented in two groups at two separate ceremonies. For this awards edition, the first took place on March 14, 2024, in Beverly Hills, California, while the second took place on May 11, 2024, in New York City. Special recognition was given to Renaissance: A Film by Beyonce, The Dads, Enamorándonos, Drag Latina and Wendy, perdida pero famosa.

Luchina Fisher
Luchina Fisher  (born December 19, 1966) is an American journalist, Emmy Award-winning film director, writer and producer. Her works are related to race, gender and identity (LGBTQ+). She also teaches documentary filmmaking at Yale University

Luchina graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with a BA in journalism. She also attended the University of Bristol for Film and Television. She began her career as a journalist writing for the Miami Herald and People magazine. She also wrote for the ABCNews.com about film, celebrities and the entertainment industry.
Oregon's 38th House district
District 38 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the district boundaries include portions of Clackamas and Multnomah counties. The district includes most of Lake Oswego, parts of Tigard and Durham, and the South Waterfront neighborhood of South Portland. The current representative for the district is Democrat Daniel Nguyen of Lake Oswego.

South Waterfront, Portland, Oregon
The South Waterfront is a high-rise district under construction on former brownfield industrial land in the South Portland neighborhood south of downtown Portland, Oregon, U.S. It is one of the largest urban redevelopment projects in the United States.  It is connected to downtown Portland by the Portland Streetcar and MAX Orange Line (at South Waterfront/SW Moody Station), and to the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) main campus atop Marquam Hill by the Portland Aerial Tram, as well as roads to Interstate 5 and Oregon Route 43.
Øjvind Larsen
Øjvind Larsen (23 June 1882 – 6 July 1960) was a Danish chess player, Danish Chess Championship silver medalist (1926).

In the 1920s and 1930s Larsen was one of the leading Danish chess players. Larsen took part in the Danish Chess Championships from 1923 to 1947.  He achieved his best result in 1926, sharing 1st–3rd places. After an additional tournament for the champions title, he placed 2nd (Erik Andersen won).

Larsen played for Denmark in three Chess Olympiads:

In 1931, at reserve board in the 4th Chess Olympiad in Prague (+2, =1, −8),

In 1937, at fourth board in the 7th Chess Olympiad in Stockholm (+2, =5, −3),

In 1939, at reserve board in the 8th Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+1, =1, −2).

Larsen died on 6 July 1960 in Maribo, Denmark.

4th Chess Olympiad
The 4th Chess Olympiad (Czech: 4. Šachová olympiáda), organized by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open and (unofficial) women's tournament, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between July 11 and July 26, 1931, in Prague, Czechoslovakia. The 3rd Women's World Chess Championship also took place during the Olympiad.
Reece Horn
Reece Horn (born February 1, 1993) is an American football wide receiver for the Vienna Vikings of the European League of Football (ELF). He played college football at University of Indianapolis. He spent time in camp with three NFL teams, the Tennessee Titans, Miami Dolphins, Cincinnati Bengals, as well as with the CFL and other North American leagues. In Europe, Horn also played for the Vienna Vikings in the 2018 Austrian Football League and the Milano Seamen in the 2017 Italian Football League, both teams moved in 2021 to the new European League of Football which also revived old NFL Europe team logos. In June, 2022 Horn joined the ELF Frankfurt Galaxy, and returned for a full 2023 season.

Frankfurt Galaxy (ELF)
The Frankfurt Galaxy is a professional American football team in Frankfurt, Germany, that competes in the European Football Alliance (EFA). They played in the European League of Football (ELF) from 2021 to 2025, and won the ELF championship in 2021.
Graves (song)
"Graves" is a song performed by American Christian rapper KB and American contemporary worship musician Brandon Lake. The song was released on October 28, 2022, as the lead single from KB's fourth album, His Glory Alone II.  The song was written by KB, Wesley Smith, and Quinten Coblentz, with Brandon Lake, Chris Brown, and Steven Furtick being credited as songwriters on account of the sampling of the hit song "Graves into Gardens" by Elevation Worship and Lake. Wearethegood handled the production of the single.

The song peaked at number 33 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart published by Billboard. At the 2023 GMA Dove Awards, "Graves" was nominated for the Rap/Hip Hop Recorded Song of the Year and Short Form Music Video of the Year (Performance) awards.

Contemporary worship music
Contemporary worship music (CWM), also known as praise and worship music, is a distinct genre of Christian music used in contemporary worship. It has evolved over the past 60 years and is stylistically similar to pop music. The songs are often referred to as "praise songs" or "worship songs" and are typically led by a "worship band" or "praise team," with either a guitarist or pianist serving as the lead. It has become a common genre of music performed in many churches, particularly in charismatic or non-denominational Protestant churches, with some Catholic congregations also incorporating it into the Mass.
Sacred Heart Grammar School
Sacred Heart Grammar School, Newry, County Down, Northern Ireland, is a grammar school with 855 students and 51 full-time teachers. Established in 1930 by the Sisters of St. Clare. It is one of Northern Ireland’s top grammar schools.

Crazy for You (musical)
Crazy for You is a romantic comedy musical with a book by Ken Ludwig, lyrics by Ira Gershwin, and music by George Gershwin. Billed as "The New Gershwin Musical Comedy", it is largely based on the songwriting team's 1930 musical Girl Crazy, but also incorporates songs from several other productions. It won the 1992 Tony Award (Broadway), the 1993 Olivier Award (London), and the 1994 Dora Award (Toronto) for Best Musical.
RPM Records (United States)
RPM Records was an American Los Angeles–based record label launched in 1950. This is not the same RPM used by Tony Bennett, nor is it related to labels in the UK and South Africa.

RPM was a subsidiary of Modern Records and part of the Bihari Brothers record empire.

Ike Turner, who was a talent scout for the Bihari Brothers, arranged for many blues musicians such as Howlin' Wolf, B.B. King, and Roscoe Gordon to record for the Biharis. King released many successful singles on the RPM label. Paul Anka released his first single on RPM in 1956.

In 1957, the Bihari Brothers announced that they were halting all album releases on both Modern and RPM, and that their released and scheduled albums for Modern and RPM would be issued on their Crown Records label.

The catalogs and master tapes were sold to Ace Records (UK) in the 1990s.

Ace Records (United Kingdom)
Ace Records Ltd. is a British record label founded in 1978. Initially the company only gained permission from the similarly named label based in Mississippi to use the name in the UK, but eventually also acquired the rights to publish their recordings. When Chiswick Records' pop side was licensed to EMI in 1984, Ace switched to more licensing and reissuing work. In the 1980s it also gained the licensing for Modern Records, and its follow-up company Kent Records, whilst in the 1990s, the company bought the labels including all original master tapes.
A Walk in the Sun (1978 film)
A Walk in the Sun (Swedish: En vandring i solen) is a 1978 Swedish drama film directed by Hans Dahlberg and starring Gösta Ekman, Inger Lise Rypdal and Margaretha Krook. At the 15th Guldbagge Awards, Sif Ruud won the award for Best Actress. The film was based on a 1976 novel by Stig Claesson.

Guldbagge Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
The Guldbagge for Best Actress in a Leading Role is a Swedish film award presented annually by the Swedish Film Institute (SFI) as part of the Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: "Guldbaggen") to actresses working in the Swedish motion picture industry.
South End Road
South End Road is located in Hampstead in the London Borough of Camden. It takes its name from the old "South End" of Hampstead. It runs southwards from the junction with East Heath Road and Downshire Hill alongside the southern edge of Hampstead Heath until reaching South End Green where it meets Pond Street and two roads running off east towards Gospel Oak. South Hill Park street runs north towards Hampstead Ponds. Keats Grove runs off the road and forms a triangle with Downshire Hill noted for its surviving Regency architecture.

In 1860 Hampstead Heath station on the North London Line was opened on the street providing a connection to the City of London for commuters. The parade of shops was constructed in 1898 and known as Station Parade. Notable residents of the street have included Annie Miller, the former artist's model associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and the architect and Mayor of Hampstead Oswald Milne. Numbers 71 and 73 are now Grade II listed.

Shopping parade
A shopping parade, also known as a parade of shops, suburban parade, neighbourhood parade, or simply a parade is a group of between five and 40 shops in one or more continuous rows, mostly being retail and serving a local customer base; in general many of these shops are independent and locally owned. The word parade applying to a row of shops dates back to the late 18th century in England, and originally referred to a terraced row with the shops on the ground floor (metaphorically lined up on parade) and the owners living above, but was extended to cover rows of shops in more fashionable districts.
Three Days Before the Shooting...
Three Days Before the Shooting... (2010) is the title of the long form edited manuscript of Ralph Ellison's never-finished second novel.  It was co-edited by John F. Callahan, the executor of Ellison's literary estate, and Adam Bradley, a professor of English at the University of California, Los Angeles.  The book was published on January 26, 2010, by Modern Library.

Callahan had previously worked with Ellison's unfinished manuscripts to posthumously publish this work as Juneteenth (1999), a novel of nearly 400 pages. The title was from an excerpt published by Ellison in 1965.

Modern Library
The Modern Library is an American book publishing imprint and formerly the parent company of Random House. Founded in 1917 by Albert Boni and Horace Liveright as an imprint of their publishing company Boni & Liveright, Modern Library became an independent publishing company in 1925 when Boni & Liveright sold it to Bennett Cerf and Donald Klopfer. Random House began in 1927 as a subsidiary of the Modern Library and eventually overtook its parent company, with Modern Library becoming an imprint of Random House.
The Afro-Eurasian Eclipse
The Afro-Eurasian Eclipse (subtitled A Suite in Eight Parts) is a studio album by American pianist, composer, and bandleader Duke Ellington. First premiered at the Monterey Jazz Festival in 1970, it was recorded the following year in 1971 and released on the Fantasy label in 1975. Like other world music-influenced suites composed in the last decade of his life, The Afro-Eurasian Eclipse was called by NPR music critic David Brent Johnson one of Ellington's, "late-period masterpieces".

The album opens with a short spoken word introduction in which Ellington explains that the suite's title is inspired by Marshall McLuhan's vision of the onset of global cultural identity; Ellington explained: "Mr. McLuhan says that the whole world is going oriental and that no one will be able to retain his or her identity, not even the Orientals. And of course we travel around the world a lot, and in the last five to six years we too have noticed this thing to be true."

NPR Music
NPR Music is a project of National Public Radio, an American privately and publicly funded non-profit membership media organization, that launched in November 2007 to present public radio music programming and original editorial content for music discovery. NPR Music offers current and archival podcasts, live concert webcasts, reviews, music lists, news, studio sessions, and interviews to listen to from NPR and partner public radio stations across the country, as well as an index of public radio music stations streaming live on the Internet.  There have been two blogs: "Monitor Mix" (now defunct) by Sleater-Kinney musician Carrie Brownstein and the All Songs Considered Blog by Bob Boilen and Robin Hilton.
Trent Oeltjen
Trent Carl Wayne Oeltjen (/ˈtrɛnt ˈʌltʃɛn/; born 28 February 1983) is an Australian former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks and Los Angeles Dodgers. He is 6 ft 1 in (185 cm) tall and weighs 190 pounds (86 kg). In 2004, he was part of the Australian national baseball team that won a silver medal in the baseball tournament at the Athens Olympics.

Reno Aces
The Reno Aces are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Arizona Diamondbacks. They are located in Reno, Nevada, and play their home games at Greater Nevada Field, which opened in 2009. The Aces have been members of the PCL since 2009, including the 2021 season in which it was known as the Triple-A West. They won the PCL championship in 2012 and 2022. Reno went on to win the Triple-A National Championship Game in 2012.
Northwestern Illinois
Northwestern Illinois is a geographic region of the state of Illinois within the USA.

Northwestern Illinois is generally considered to consist of the following area: Jo Daviess County, Carroll County, Whiteside County, Stephenson County, Winnebago County, Ogle County, and Lee County.  Northwestern Illinois borders the states of Iowa to the west and Wisconsin to the north.

The largest city in this region, located near the eastern edge, is Rockford.  Rockford's Metropolitan Area includes Winnebago County and Boone County (to the east), with an estimated 2009 population of 353,722.

Former US President Ronald Reagan was born in the Whiteside County town of Tampico, IL.

Whiteside County, Illinois
Whiteside County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 55,691. Its county seat is Morrison. The county is bounded on the west by the Mississippi River. Whiteside County comprises the Sterling, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Dixon-Sterling, IL Combined Statistical Area. U.S. President Ronald Reagan was born in 1911 in the Whiteside County community of Tampico.
Albert Humphreys
Albert Humphreys (1864–1922) was an American sculptor and painter born near Cincinnati, Ohio.  He studied in Paris with Gerome and Alexander Harrison.

Returning to the United States Humphreys worked from 1882 to 1884 at the Rookwood Pottery decorating Limoges pieces.

Jean-Léon Gérôme
Jean-Léon Gérôme (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃leɔ̃ ʒeʁom]; 11 May 1824 – 10 January 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style now known as academicism. His paintings were so widely reproduced that he was "arguably the world's most famous living artist by 1880." The range of his works includes historical paintings, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits, and other subjects. Gérôme is considered among the most important painters from the academic period and was, with Meissonier and Cabanel, one of "the three most successful artists of the Second Empire".

He was also a teacher with a long list of students, including Mary Cassatt, Thomas Eakins, and Osman Hamdi Bey, among others.
Akbiyeh
Akbiyeh is an archaeological site approximately  12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Sidon, northeast of Ain Kantarah in Lebanon. The area of black soil around 600 metres (2,000 ft) by 30 metres (98 ft) was found by Godefroy Zumoffen in 1894. Material recovered is in the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory including four bifaces of Lower Paleolithic form along with a variety of material suggested to be Middle Paleolithic and Heavy Neolithic of the Qaraoun culture. These include a number of rectangular picks, rough cores and flakes in various conditions. The site is now under cultivation.

Qaraoun culture
The Qaraoun culture is a culture of the Lebanese Stone Age around Qaraoun in the Beqaa Valley. The Gigantolithic or Heavy Neolithic flint tool industry of this culture was recognized as a particular Neolithic variant of the Lebanese highlands by Henri Fleisch, who collected over one hundred flint tools within two hours on 2 September 1954 from the site. Fleisch discussed the discoveries with Alfred Rust and Dorothy Garrod, who confirmed the culture to have Neolithic elements. Garrod said that the Qaraoun culture "in the absence of all stratigraphical evidence may be regarded as mesolithic or proto-neolithic". (5,000 to 20,000 years Before Present ).
Hannah Stockbauer
Hannah Stockbauer (German pronunciation: [ˈhana ˈʃtɔkˌbaʊ̯ɐ] ⓘ; born 7 January 1982) is a World Champion, Olympic and national-record holding swimmer from Germany. In 2003, she was named the female World Swimmer of the Year by Swimming World Magazine, following her winning the 400, 800 and 1500 freestyles at the 2003 World Championships.

She swam for Germany at the:

Olympics: 2000, 2004

World Championships: 2001, 2003

European Championships: 1999, 2002

Short Course Europeans: 1998, 2002

At the 2001 World Championships, she won the 800 and 1500 frees.

At the 2003 World Championships, she was named Female Swimmer of the Meet, after she won 3 events (400, 800 and 1500 frees), setting meet records in the 800 and 1500 (8:23.66 and 16:00.18) and the German Record in the 1500.

At the 2004 Olympics, she was part of the Germany relay that won a bronze medal in the 4 × 200 m Free Relay.

She retired from competition in October 2005.

2003 World Aquatics Championships
The 10th FINA World Aquatics Championships were held July 12–27, 2003 in Barcelona, Spain. The championships featured competition in all 5 of FINA's disciplines: Swimming, Diving, Synchronised swimming, Water Polo, and Open Water Swimming.

Competition was held in the facilities all around the city: Palau Sant Jordi, Piscines Bernat Picornell, Piscina Municipal de Montjuïc, Club de Natació de Barcelona and Port Vell.
Eric Dean Seaton
Eric Dean Seaton is an American television director, producer and graphic novelist.

Seaton was born in Cleveland, Ohio. After graduating from Ohio State University, he moved to California and quickly climbed the assistant director ladder on television shows such as Fox's Living Single and Disney Channel's That's So Raven. In 2004, Seaton made his professional directorial debut on That's So Raven. Since then, he has directed episodes for several other series, including Cory in the House, True Jackson, VP, Sonny with a Chance, Good Luck Charlie, The Suite Life on Deck, I'm in the Band, Shake It Up, Imagination Movers, How to Rock, Jessie, A.N.T. Farm, Austin & Ally, Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn, Bella and the Bulldogs, The Thundermans, Raven's Home, Knight Squad, The Flash, and Supergirl.

I'm in the Band
I'm in the Band is an American teen sitcom created by Michael B. Kaplan and Ron Rappaport that originally aired on Disney XD in the United States and on Family Channel in Canada. The first episode was taped on July 14, 2009, with a "sneak preview" airing on November 27, 2009; the show subsequently joined Disney XD's regular schedule on January 18, 2010, with the first episode being shown as a "sneak preview" in the United Kingdom on that same date. The show's January 18, 2010 premiere was watched by an estimated 860,000 viewers. This was the first Disney XD Original Series from It's a Laugh Productions.

It was announced on April 26, 2010, that I'm in the Band had been renewed for a second season which premiered on January 17, 2011.
Solar eclipse of September 11, 1988
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Sunday, September 11, 1988, with a magnitude of 0.9377. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only 12.5 hours after apogee (on September 10, 1988, at 16:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Annularity was visible in southeastern Somalia (including the capital city Mogadishu), the Indian Ocean and Macquarie Island of Australia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.

Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular width, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the visual angle, and in optics, it is the angular aperture (of a lens). The angular diameter can alternatively be thought of as the angular displacement through which an eye or camera must rotate to look from one side of an apparent circle to the opposite side.

A person can resolve with their naked eyes diameters down to about 1 arcminute (approximately 0.017° or 0.0003 radians). This corresponds to 0.3 m at a 1 km distance, or to perceiving Venus as a disk under optimal conditions.