hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1918 Mid Norfolk by-election
The 1918 Mid Norfolk by-election was held on 23 October 1918. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal Unionist MP, William Lewis Boyle. It was won by the Conservative candidate Neville Jodrell, who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral truce.

Neville Jodrell
Sir Neville Paul Jodrell (27 May 1858 – 20 May 1932) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom.

He was elected as member of parliament (MP) for Mid Norfolk at a by-election in October 1918 following the death of William Lewis Boyle MP.

However, the Mid Norfolk constituency was abolished for the general election in December 1918, and Jodrell was returned to the House of Commons as MP for the King's Lynn constituency, with a majority of only 366 votes over his only opponent, the Labour candidate.  He was re-elected in a three-way contest in 1922 by a larger margin, but at the 1923 general election, he lost his seat to the Liberal candidate, George Woodwark.

Jodrell did not stand for Parliament again.

He was knighted in the 1922 Dissolution Honours List.
1981 Girabola
The 1981 Girabola was the third season of top-tier football competition in Angola. The season ran from 9 May 1981 to 7 February 1982.

The league comprised 14 teams, the bottom three of which were relegated.

Primeiro de Agosto were the defending champions and were crowned champions, winning their 3rd title, while Desportivo da Chela, FC do Uíge, Ferroviário da Huíla and Petro do Huambo were relegated.

Joseph Maluka of Primeiro de Maio finished as the top scorer with 20 goals.

Girabola
Girabola, or Campeonato Nacional de Futebol de Séniores Masculinos, is the top division of Angolan football. It is organized by the Angolan Football Federation.

The term "Girabola" (lit. 'spin ball') is a creation of the nationalist, radio broadcaster and sports reporter Rui Carvalho, in 1972, at a time when the Angolan championship was still officially called "Campeonato do Estado Ultramarino de Angola". The name "Girabola" differentiated the competition from the other overseas provinces and was a subtle form of anti-colonial protest.

The league winner and runner-up qualify for the CAF Champions League.
Vigna (surname)
Vigna is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Vigna (1891–1970), Monegasque racing cyclist

Arturo Vigna (1863–1927), Italian opera conductor

Benedetto Vigna (born 1969), Italian physicist and business executive

Elvira Vigna (1947–2017), Brazilian writer, illustrator, and journalist

Hernán Vigna (born 1977), former Argentine footballer

Giovanni Vigna (born c. 1925), Italian rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s

Judith Vigna (1936–2019), English writer and painter

Laura Vigna (born 1999), Italian softball player

Marino Vigna (born 1938), retired Italian cyclist

Pierluigi Vigna (1933–2012), Italian judge

Sebastiano Vigna (born 1967), Italian professor of computer science

Tecla Vigna (died 1927), Italian opera singer

Sebastiano Vigna
Sebastiano Vigna (born 1967) is a professor of computer science at the University of Milan.  He created the xorshift+ and xoroshiro128+ pseudorandom number generators. Xorshift128+ is used in the JavaScript engines of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. In 1991, he received a laurea in Mathematics and in 1996 a Ph.D. in computer science; both from the University of Milan. He developed UbiCrawler, a web crawler, in a collaboration with others.

He worked extensively on graph algorithms such as HyperBall. He used this algorithm, together with researchers from Facebook and others, to compute the degrees of separation on the global Facebook network, which resulted in an average distance of 4.74.
Deh-e Azizi Gandomkar-e Vosta
Deh-e Azizi Gandomkar-e Vosta (Persian: ده عزيزي گندمكاروسطي, also Romanized as Deh-e ʿAzīzī Gandomkār-e Vosţá; also known as Gandomkār-e Vosţá) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 152, in 32 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.
Christian Frederik Barth
Christian Frederik Barth  (24 February 1787 – 17 July 1861) was a Danish virtuoso oboist and composer.

Barth was an oboist in the Royal Chapel from 1802 to 1841. He was the son of oboist Christian Samuel Barth and brother of oboist and composer Frederik Philip Carl August Barth.  He composed Sonate Brilliant for Oboe and Piano which is made up of three movements: Allegro, Adagio sostenuto, and a scherzando.

Glossary of music terminology
A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.

Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.
French ship Calypso
At least four ships of the French Navy have borne the name Calypso:

French frigate Calypso (1795), launched in 1782 as the slave ship Baron de Binder in 1793 she became the privateer Duguay-Trouin. She was requisitioned in 1794 and rated as a corvette being renamed Calypso in 1795. Returned to her owners in 1797 and captured by the Royal Navy the following year.

French frigate Calypso (1807), a Gloire-class frigate launched in 1807 and sold in 1814

French submarine Calypso (1907), a Circé-class submarine launched in 1907 and sunk in 1914

French submarine Calypso (Q126), a Circé-class submarine launched in 1926 and sunk in 1943

Circé-class submarine (1907)
The Circé-class submarines consisted of a pair of submarines built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) during the first decade of the 20th century. One boat was sunk in a collision before the First World War and the other was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine in the last year of the war.
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 – Individual large hill
The Men's Individual large hill ski jumping event at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 was held on 3 March 2011 at 17:00 CET. The qualification for this event was planned for 2 March 2011 at 18:00 CET, but it was postponed due to wind and fog to 3 March 2011 at 15:30 CET. Andreas Küttel of Switzerland was the defending world champion while his fellow country man Simon Ammann was the Olympic champion.

Ski jumping at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Large hill individual
The Men's large hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada was held at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia. It started on 19 February and ended on 20 February. Austria's Thomas Morgenstern was the defending Olympic champion in this event. Andreas Küttel of Switzerland was the defending world champion in this event. Two test events took place at the Olympic venue on 24–25 January 2009, both won by Austria's Gregor Schlierenzauer. On the 25th, Schlierenzauer set the hill jumping record with a jump of 149.0 metres (488.8 ft) which was also tied by Finland's Ville Larinto. The last World Cup event in this format prior to the 2010 Games took place on 6 February 2010 in Willingen, Germany and was won by Schlierenzauer.
1st Lithuanian Fusilier Reserve Battalion
The 1st Lithuanian Fusilier Reserve Battalion (Lithuanian: 1-asis lietuvių fuzilierių rezervinis batalionas; German: 1. Litauisches Füsilier Reserve Bataillon or 1. Litthauisches Reserve-Füsilier-Bataillon) was a fusilier battalion of the Royal Prussian Army formed by Lithuanians.

Fusilier
Fusilier is a name given to various kinds of soldiers; its meaning depends on the historical context. While fusilier is derived from the 17th-century French word fusil – meaning a type of flintlock musket – the term has been used in contrasting ways in different countries and at different times, including soldiers guarding artillery, various elite units, ordinary line infantry and other uses.
Eastbourne Airbourne (air show)
Eastbourne Airbourne, also known as the Eastbourne International Airshow, is a 4-day international air show that runs every August in Eastbourne, East Sussex, England. The event features Battle of Britain memorial flights and aircraft from the RAF and USAF, among others, and enjoys a long relationship with the Red Arrows display team.

Starting in 1994, the event is produced and promoted by Eastbourne Borough Council.

The next airshow will run from 14-17 August 2025. A dedicated FM radio station, "Radio Airbourne", broadcasts on 87.7FM during the event.

Air show
An air show (or airshow, air fair, air tattoo) is a public event where aircraft are exhibited. They often include aerobatics demonstrations, without which they are called "static air shows" with aircraft parked on the ground.

The largest air show measured by number of exhibitors and size of exhibit space is Le Bourget, followed by Farnborough, with the Dubai Airshow and Singapore Airshow both claiming third place. The largest air show or fly-in by number of participating aircraft is EAA AirVenture Oshkosh, with approximately 10,000 aircraft participating annually. The biggest military airshow in the world is the Royal International Air Tattoo, at RAF Fairford in the United Kingdom. On the other hand, FIDAE in II Air Brigade of the FACH, next to the Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, Chile, is the largest aerospace fair in Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere.
Scottish nationalism
Scottish nationalism promotes the idea that the Scottish people form a cohesive nation and national identity.

Modern Scottish nationalism began to shape from 1853 with the National Association for the Vindication of Scottish Rights, progressing into the Scottish National Movement in the  1920s maturing by the 1970s and achieved its present ideological maturity in the 1980s and 1990s.

The nation's origin, political context and unique characteristics including the Gaelic language, poetry and film maintains an individual's distinct identification and support of Scotland.

Early Scots
Early Scots was the emerging literary language of the Early Middle English–speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English. During this period, speakers referred to the language as "English" (Inglis, Ynglis, and variants).

Early examples such as Barbour’s The Brus and Wyntoun’s Chronicle  are better explained as part of Northern Early Middle English than as isolated forerunners of later Scots, a name first used to describe the language later in the Middle Scots period.
1952 International Cross Country Championships
The 1952 International Cross Country Championships was held in Hamilton, Scotland, at the Hamilton Park on 22 March 1952.   A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results, medalists, and the results of British athletes were published.

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
O.F. and Lulu E. Fryer House
The O.F. and Lulu E. Fryer House is a historic residence located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States.  Ode Franklin Fryer was a local banker.  This Prairie School house was built for him and his wife Lulu in 1920.  It was designed by Guy A. Carpenter, a local freelance architect.  The historic designation includes the house and the detached garage.  The two-story brick rectangular structure features a flat roof, a single-story solarium, a full-width porch, and a porte cochere.  A prominent feature of the house is its wide eaves.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Fairfield, Iowa
Fairfield is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. It has a population of 9,416 people, according to the 2020 census.  Fairfield is known as an international center for Transcendental Meditation and is home of Maharishi International University.

It became the county seat in 1839 with 110 residents and grew to 650 by 1847. Its library was established in 1853, and it held its first fair in 1854. Early architecture in Fairfield includes work by George Franklin Barber and Barry Byrne.
Aki no Arashi
Aki no Arashi (秋の嵐, meaning Autumn Storm) was a Japanese organization advocating the abolition of the Emperor system and the establishment of a republican form. The full name is 反天皇制全国個人共闘・秋の嵐 (Han Tennosei Zenkoku Kojin Kyōtō - Aki no Arashi) meaning Anti-Imperial System National Individuals' Joint Struggle Committee. The group was started in 1987 by a radical group of students at Waseda University in Tokyo and street punk rockers. They often used street performances to spread their message.

In 1996 members of Aki no Arashi won a lawsuit against the Tokyo Metropolitan Government for unlawful arrests and battery by Tokyo police. The events took place during a series of rallies organized by the group in 1989, after the death of Emperor Showa.

False arrest
False arrest, unlawful arrest or wrongful arrest is a common law tort, where a plaintiff alleges they were held in custody without probable cause, or without an order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction. Although it is possible to sue law enforcement officials for false arrest, the usual defendants in such cases are private security firms.
Chennai Smart City
Chennai Smart City Limited (CSCL) is a project part of the Smart Cities Mission in 2015 made to provide smart solutions in making quality of life in Chennai better. The organization focuses on implementing Smart Energy, Smart Water, Smart Environment, Smart Mobility and Smart Technology. The project's CEO is Raj Cherubal who holds a degree in Physics and Nuclear Engineering.

The project has received ₹3,444 crores ($440 Million) in investment for various infrastructure projects.

Smart mobility
Smart mobility refers to many modes of transport.

Some smart mobility services include:

Public transport (with real-time timetabling and route optimization, seamless travel and digital ticketing)

Carsharing

Mobility as a service (MaaS)

Mobility on demand (MOD)

Autonomous transport systems

Smart mobility services in freight and logistics

Drones and low-altitude aerial mobility
Les Promenades de Sorel
Les Promenades de Sorel is a 360,000 square feet (33,000 m2) shopping mall located in Sorel-Tracy, Quebec. Its anchor stores are Walmart, Maxi and Bureau en Gros, and it has a total of 51 tenants. Long a Westcliff shopping centre, it is now managed by the Brossard-based Cogir real estate company. Ever since the conversion of Place Sorel as a strip mall and the demolition of Plaza Tracy in the 2000s, Promenades de Sorel is the sole remaining indoor mall in the city.

The mall opened on August 9, 1989, with Sears, Bonimart, Héritage and Hart.  Bonimart was rebranded as Zellers in 1991, and Héritage rebranded as Maxi in 1995. Hart closed in the 2000s, allowing the adjacent Maxi to expand and double its size. Zellers closed in 2012 and was replaced that year by Walmart. On June 22, 2017, it was announced that the Sears would close in the following 19 weeks.

Staples Canada
Staples Canada ULC, operating as Staples (Bureau en Gros in Quebec), is a Canadian retail sales company owned by American private equity firm Sycamore Partners. Staples was founded by Leo Kahn and Thomas G. Stemberg. Since 2017, Staples Canada has operated independently from Staples' U.S. retail and U.S. business-to-business (B2B) operations.
Wisconsin Blast
The Wisconsin Blast was an American professional basketball club based in Appleton, Wisconsin that competed in the International Basketball Association (IBA) beginning in the 1997–98 season. The team folded after the 1998–99 season. Pat Knight was the head coach of the Blast and Jon Stuckey was his assistant coach. Knight also served as the team's general manager. Keary Ecklund owned the Blast. Ira Newble, who later played in the NBA for several seasons, was perhaps their best known player. The team played its games at the Brown County Arena.

Brown County Veterans Memorial Arena
The Brown County Veterans Memorial Arena (more commonly known as the Brown County Arena) was a 5,248-seat multi-purpose arena in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin, situated on the corner of Lombardi Avenue and Oneida Street, across from Lambeau Field. The arena opened on November 11, 1958. The final event held at the arena was a Bret Michaels concert on April 6, 2019. The building, along with neighboring Shopko Hall, was replaced by a new exposition center, Resch Expo, in 2021. Demolition of the arena began April 30, 2019.
Melekhovo, Kirillovsky District, Vologda Oblast
Melekhovo (Russian: Мелехово) is a rural locality (a village) in Nikolotorzhskoye Rural Settlement, Kirillovsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2002. It is close to the IK-6 Penal Colony where Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny is imprisoned.

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Filicollis anatis
Filicollis anatis is an endoparasite in the Polymorphidae family of thorny-headed worms. Adults have been found to occur in waterbirds such as ducks, where they cause a condition known as filicollosis. Larval stages occur in invertebrate hosts such as crayfish.

A study in the Chernihiv region of Ukraine found that F. anatis infected ducks throughout their grazing period, but not in the winter; it also found that the parasite's eggs could remain viable throughout the winter when buried in mud under natural conditions.

Acanthocephalans such as F. anatis form capsules in their intermediate arthropod hosts to protect the developing larvae from the host immune system. F. anatis forms its capsules primarily by secreting material during the initial (acanthellar) stage after infecting the intermediate host.

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).
Fred J. Page High School
Fred J. Page High School (commonly referred to as Page High or PHS) is a public high school in Franklin, Tennessee, United States. The school serves the eastern section of Williamson County for students in grades 9–12.

The school is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and bears the name of former Williamson County Schools Superintendent Frederick Jackson Page.

Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) is a regional educational accreditor recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. As of 2022, the organization oversees approximately 750 public and private degree-granting educational institutions in the Southern United States. Its headquarters are in North Druid Hills, Georgia, near Decatur, in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

SACS accredits educational institutions in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia, and educational institutions for U.S. students in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America.

There are a number of affiliate organizations within the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. One affiliate organization is the Southern Association of Community, Junior, and Technical Colleges.
Cornwallite
Cornwallite is an uncommon copper arsenate mineral with formula Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4. It forms a series with the phosphate pseudomalachite and is a dimorph of the triclinic cornubite. It is a green monoclinic mineral which forms as radial to fibrous encrustations.

Phosphate mineral
Phosphate minerals are minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO3−4) anion, sometimes with arsenate (AsO3−4) and vanadate (VO3−4) substitutions, along with chloride (Cl−), fluoride (F−), and hydroxide (OH−) anions, that also fit into the crystal structure.

The phosphate class of minerals is a large and diverse group, however, only a few species are relatively common.
Dancing Backward in High Heels
Dancing Backward in High Heels is the fifth and final studio album by the New York Dolls, and the third since their 2004 reunion. Released on March 15, 2011, on 429 Records, it contains covers of the 1946 Leon René standard "I Sold My Heart to the Junkman," and "Funky But Chic," originally from David Johansen's 1978 self titled album.

The title is a reference to actress Ginger Rogers. In a 1982 Frank and Ernest cartoon by Bob Thaves,(image) a woman is telling Frank and Ernest "Sure (Fred Astaire) was great, but don't forget that Ginger Rogers did everything he did, ...backwards and in high heels."

429 Records
429 Records was an American record label. It was a subsidiary label of Savoy Label Group/Nippon Columbia focusing on indie rock and adult album alternative performers. In addition to releasing new material from musicians such as Dr. John, Little Feat, Cracker, and Gin Blossoms, the label released several compilation albums, including Endless Highway: The Music of The Band and A Song for My Father, a set of recordings of songs by sons and daughters of the original artists.

Savoy was bought by the Concord Music Group in 2017.
Mono Mills, California
Mono Mills (also, Mono) is a ghost town in Mono County, California. It is located 9.5 miles (15 km) east-southeast of Lee Vining, at an elevation of 7356 feet (2242 m). Mono Mills has nearly vanished. Its site is along California State Route 120, 9.1 miles (15 km) east from the junction with U.S. Route 395.

Lee Vining, California
Lee Vining (formerly Leevining, Poverty Flat, and Lakeview) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Mono County, California, United States. It is located 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast of Bridgeport. Lee Vining is located on the southwest shore of Mono Lake. The population was 217 as of the 2020 census.