hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spectamen exiguum
Spectamen exiguum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae. This marine species is endemic to New Zealand off Three Kings Islands at depths between 42 m and 46 m.

Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands
The Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands (Manawatāwhi is also the Māori name for the largest island) are a group of 13 uninhabited islands about 55 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Cape Reinga, New Zealand, where the South Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea converge. They measure 6.85 km2 (2.64 sq mi) in area. The islands are on a submarine plateau, the Three Kings Bank, and are separated from the New Zealand mainland by an 8 km wide, 200 to 300 m deep submarine trough. Therefore, despite relative proximity to the mainland, the islands are listed with the New Zealand Outlying Islands. The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district, but instead Area Outside Territorial Authority, like all the other outlying islands except the Solander Islands.
Yutaka Sudo
Yutaka Sudō (須藤 豊, Sudō Yutaka; born April 21, 1937, in Aki, Kōchi, Japan) is a Japanese former Nippon Professional Baseball infielder. He played for the Mainichi Orions, Daimai Orions and Yomiuri Giants. He later managed the Yokohama Taiyō Whales from 1990 to 1992.

Kōchi Prefecture
Kōchi Prefecture (高知県, Kōchi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [koꜜː.tɕi, koː.tɕi̥ꜜ.keɴ], locally [koː.tɕi]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Kōchi Prefecture has a population of 669,516 (1 April 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,103 km2 (2,742 sq mi). Kōchi Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the northwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the northeast.

Kōchi is the capital and largest city of Kōchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Nankoku, Shimanto, and Kōnan. Kōchi Prefecture is located on Japan's Pacific coast surrounding a large bay in the south of Shikoku, with the southernmost point of the island located at Cape Ashizuri in Tosashimizu. Kōchi Prefecture is home to Kōchi Castle, considered the most intact Japanese castle, and the Shimanto River, one of the few undammed rivers in Japan.
The Light Entertainment
The Light Entertainment, also known as The Light Cinemas (stylised as the light), is a British independent cinema chain that exclusively screens films using digital cinema technology.

The Light was founded in 2007 by former Cineworld director Keith Pullinger and former Warner Village Cinemas director John Sullivan. The oldest UK cinema in the chain is currently in New Brighton, which opened in December 2011. Since then, thirteen more venues have opened across the UK, while the company has also been involved in cinema exhibition internationally, in Bulgaria, Germany, and Saudi Arabia.

The cinema chain offers screenings of both mainstream and independent films in a 'luxurious' environment, with standard cinema ticket prices. Their venues also include a café/bar, and some include entertainment facilities such as bowling, karaoke, climbing, and retro arcades. The Light offers Premiere cards, which allow subscribers to view films for a flat monthly fee.

New Brighton, Merseyside
New Brighton is a seaside resort and suburb of Wallasey, in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in Merseyside, England, at the northeastern tip of the Wirral peninsula. It has sandy beaches which line the Irish Sea and mouth of the Mersey, and the UK's longest promenade.

At the 2011 Census, the population was 14,859.
The Jensen Project
The Jensen Project is the second in the Family Movie Night TV movies series produced by Procter & Gamble and Walmart aimed at families.

The movie featured embedded marketing for the Kinect, a motion sensor add-on to the Xbox 360, several months before the product's launch. The movie featured the Moller Skycar, a vertical take-off and landing aircraft or "flying car".

Motion detector
A motion detector is an electrical device that utilizes a sensor to detect nearby motion (motion detection). Such a device is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in an area. They form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems. It can be achieved by either mechanical or electronic methods. When it is done by natural organisms, it is called motion perception.
Microtubule organizing center
The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) is a structure found in eukaryotic cells from which microtubules emerge. MTOCs have two main functions: the organization of eukaryotic flagella and cilia and the organization of the mitotic and meiotic spindle apparatus, which separate the chromosomes during cell division. The MTOC is a major site of microtubule nucleation and can be visualized in cells by immunohistochemical detection of γ-tubulin. The morphological characteristics of MTOCs vary between the different eukaryote groups. In animal cells, the two most important types of MTOCs are the basal bodies associated with cilia and flagella, and the centrosome associated with spindle formation.

Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material.

The nuclear envelope consists of two lipid bilayer membranes: an inner nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane. The space between the membranes is called the perinuclear space. It is usually about 10–50 nm wide. The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The nuclear envelope has many nuclear pores that allow materials to move between the cytosol and the nucleus. Intermediate filament proteins called lamins form a structure called the nuclear lamina on the inner aspect of the inner nuclear membrane and give structural support to the nucleus.
A Gem of a Jam
A Gem of a Jam is a 1943 short subject directed by Del Lord starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). It is the 76th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Larry Fine
Larry Fine (born Louis Feinberg; October 4, 1902 – January 24, 1975) was an American actor, comedian and musician. He is best known as a member of the comedy act the Three Stooges and was often called "The Middle Stooge".
Juan García Ducós
Juan García Ducós was a Puerto Rican politician and senator.

García Ducós was a member of the Puerto Rico House of Delegates during the early 1900s.

In 1917, García Ducós was elected as a member of the first Puerto Rican Senate established by the Jones-Shafroth Act. He represented the District III (Aguadilla).

García Ducós was reelected at the 1920 general elections. After that, like most of his fellow party members, he joined Alianza Puertorriqueña, a joint political venture with the Republican Party. He was again reelected at the 1924 general elections.

García Ducós was strongly against the death penalty, and tried several times to abolish it during his terms.

There's a housing project in Aguadilla that has his name.

Republican Party of Puerto Rico
The Republican Party of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Partido Republicano de Puerto Rico) is the local affiliate of the national United States Republican Party in Puerto Rico. The affiliation started in 1903. The party does not participate in the November elections mandated by the Constitution of Puerto Rico for local registered political parties because it is not a registered party in Puerto Rico for local electoral purposes. Instead, the party holds its own elections to select the Puerto Rico delegates to the Republican National Convention and holds presidential primaries on the last Sunday of February.

The Republican Party of Puerto Rico's ideology supports statehood for Puerto Rico.  The local affiliate is based in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Jonesport-Beals High School
Jonesport-Beals High School is a public high school in Jonesport, Maine in eastern Washington County in the United States. Students who attend the high school come from both Jonesport and Beals, Maine. The high school has approximately 100 enrolled students from grades 9–12 and is part of the Union #103 & Moosabec Community School District.

Washington County, Maine
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, its population was 31,095, making it the third-least populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Machias. The county was established on June 25, 1789. It borders the Canadian province of New Brunswick. It is sometimes referred to as "Sunrise County" because it includes the easternmost point in the 48 contiguous United States. Claims have been made that Washington County is where the sun first rises on the 48 contiguous states.  Many small seaside communities have small-scale fishing-based economies. Tourism is also important along the county's shoreline, but it is not as important as elsewhere in the state. The blueberry crop plays a major role in the county's economy.
Selwyn Range
Selwyn Range can refer to:

Selwyn Range (Australia), rugged highlands in Queensland

Selwyn Range (Canada), a mountain range in British Columbia

Selwyn Range or Selwyn Mountains, in Yukon and the Northwest Territories, Canada

Selwyn Mountains
The Selwyn Mountains are a mountain range in northern Canada, forming part of the border between the Yukon Territory and the Northwest Territories, and which are part of the Eastern System of the Canadian Cordillera (aka the Western Cordillera).  They are neighboured on the east by the Mackenzie Mountains and on their northwest end by the Brooks Range.  To their southwest is the Yukon Plateau, while a lower southward extension of their mountain spine protrudes into British Columbia as the Liard Plateau.  In some reckonings the Selwyns and Mackenzies are considered to be part of the Rocky Mountains, but that range officially lies only to the south of the Liard River and the aforesaid plateau.
Named for Alfred Richard Cecil Selwyn, director of the Geological Survey of Victoria from 1852 to 1869, director of the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) from 1869 to 1894 and President of the Royal Society of Canada from 1895 to 1896.
Hafod estate
The Hafod estate, also known as Hafod Uchtryd (Welsh for 'Uchtryd summer mansion'), is a wooded and landscaped estate in the Ystwyth valley in Ceredigion, Wales. Near Devil's Bridge, Cwmystwyth and Pont-rhyd-y-groes, it is off the B4574 road. Hafod estate land was within the boundaries of the Cistercian Abbey Strata Florida (Welsh: Caron-Uwch-Clawdd). Originally a hunting lodge for Welsh Chieftains, it became home to the landed gentry and the nobility. In the late eighteenth century, a celebrated landscape was created under the ownership of Thomas Johnes.

The estate is in the parish of Llanfihangel y Creuddyn near Llanddewi-Brefi. Llanfihangel-y-Creuddyn was a chapel-of-ease in the parish. It was rebuilt for Thomas Johnes by James Wyatt in 1801. The estate shares a border along the Ystwyth with that of the Trawsgoed estate.

Llanddewi Brefi
Llanddewi Brefi (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˈðɛwi ˈbrɛvi]) is a village, parish and community of approximately 500 people in Ceredigion, Wales. The village is notable for the famous Synod of Brefi held here in the sixth century. A number of miraculous events are said to have occurred during the synod, most notably by Saint David (Welsh: Dewi Sant), patron saint of Wales. Today, it is one of the largest parishes in Wales and lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Lampeter between Tregaron and Llanfair Clydogau. It is in the electoral ward of Llangeitho.

Llanddewi Brefi became a civil parish in 1934, from the merger of the following civil parishes: Doethie Camddwr, Doethie Pysgotwr, Garth and Ystrad, Gogoyan, Gorwydd, Llanio and Prysg and Carfan. In 1974 it became a community.
Kolonia Pęcławice
Kolonia Pęcławice [kɔˈlɔɲa pɛnt͡swaˈvit͡sɛ] (till 31 December 2000 as at Tomtasówka-Kolonia Pęcławice) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bogoria, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Bogoria, 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Staszów, and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Bogoria, Poland
Bogoria [bɔˈɡɔrja] is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Bogoria. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Staszów and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. Bogoria belongs to historic Lesser Poland.

It is notable for its 18th-century baroque church of Holy Trinity, which was built by the castellan of Sandomierz Michał Konarski, in 1748–1778, replacing a wooden church from 1620.
2008 Porsche Carrera Cup Germany
The 2008 Porsche Carrera Cup Deutschland season was the 23rd German Porsche Carrera Cup season. It began on 13 April at Hockenheim and finished on 26 October at the same circuit, after nine races. It ran as a support championship for the 2008 DTM season. René Rast won the first of his two championships with the MRS-Team.

René Rast
René Rast (German pronunciation: [ʁəˈneː ˈʁast]; born 26 October 1986) is a German professional racing driver and the 2017, 2019 and 2020 DTM champion. He last competed in Formula E. He claimed overall wins at the 2012 and 2014 24 Hours of Spa, 2014 24 Hours of Nürburgring and two class wins at the 2012 and 2016 24 Hours of Daytona.
Cerro Chanka
21°47′09″S 68°18′37″W﻿ / ﻿21.78583°S 68.31028°W﻿ / -21.78583; -68.31028﻿ (Cerro Chanka)
Cerro Chanka (also known as Chanka or Pabellon) is a Pleistocene lava dome in the Andes. It is part of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex. Potassium-argon dating indicates that the dome last erupted 119.8±5.4 ka ago. Another reported age is 1.5±0.1 mya.

The dome is located on the northwestern side of Cerro del Azufre. It is constructed from three lobes with diameters of 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi). The flanks of the dome are steep and talus and lava blocks lie at its feet.

Cerro Chanka has a SiO2 content of 66% and is of calc-alkaline origin. The lavas are potassium-rich dacitic and rhyolitic save for an andesitic mafic component, and rich in crystals.

Rhyolite
Rhyolite (/ˈraɪ.əlaɪt/ RY-ə-lyte) is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks. It is generally glassy or fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture, but may be porphyritic, containing larger mineral crystals (phenocrysts) in an otherwise fine-grained groundmass. The mineral assemblage is predominantly quartz, sanidine, and plagioclase. It is the extrusive equivalent of granite.

Its high silica content makes rhyolitic magma extremely viscous. This favors explosive eruptions over effusive eruptions, so this type of magma is more often erupted as pyroclastic rock than as lava flows. Rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs are among the most voluminous of continental igneous rock formations.

Rhyolitic tuff has been used extensively for construction. Obsidian, which is rhyolitic volcanic glass, has been used for tools from prehistoric times to the present day because it can be shaped to an extremely sharp edge. Rhyolitic pumice finds use as an abrasive, in concrete, and as a soil amendment.
Louis Marie Fouquet, Count of Gisors
Louis Marie Fouquet, Count of Gisors (27 March 1732 – 26 June 1758) was a French nobleman and soldier. He was born in Metz, Three Bishoprics, the only child of the Duke of Belle-Isle, a distinguished general, and his second wife Marie Casimire de Béthune. He was awarded the title Count of Gisors (comte de Gisors).  He was admitted to the Knights Hospitaller as a child, but never took his vows because of his age, so allowing him to marry later.

Three Bishoprics
The Three Bishoprics (French: les Trois-Évêchés [le tʁwɑz‿eveʃe]) constituted a government of the Kingdom of France consisting of the dioceses of Metz, Verdun, and Toul within the Lorraine region. The three dioceses had been prince-bishoprics of the Holy Roman Empire until they were seized by King Henry II of France between April and June 1552. At the end of the Thirty Years' War, they were officially ceded to France by the 1648 Peace of Westphalia.
Armin Gruen
Professor Dr. Armin Gruen or Grün (born 27 April 1944 in Bad Berneck, Germany) is an academic working in photogrammetry and geodesy. From 1984, he was professor and head of photogrammetry at the Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry (IGP), Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Switzerland. He left in 2009 and works in the chair of information architecture, ETH Zurich Faculty of Architecture. He is a principal investigator on the simulation platform of the Singapore ETH Centre Future Cities Laboratory (SEC-FCL) in Singapore.

Gruen and his colleagues have worked on mapping and documenting the Nazca lines and on creating a 3D map of the Buddhas of Bamiyan.

Chair (academic department)
Chair (Latin cathedra, Greek kathedra, "seat", Polish katedra) is an equivalent of an academic department in Poland, Russia and the Czech Republic, a division of a university or school faculty devoted to a particular academic discipline. Originally, a cathedra is the chair or throne of a bishop, a symbol of the bishop's teaching authority in the Roman Catholic Church.
Fingerprint Inquiry
The Fingerprint Inquiry was a public inquiry set up by Scottish Government ministers under the Inquiries Act 2005 to look at the steps which were taken to identify and verify the fingerprints associated with the case of HM Advocate v McKie in 1999. The Inquiry was to determine the consequences of steps taken, report on findings of fact and make recommendations.

Inquiries Act 2005
The Inquiries Act 2005 (c. 12) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. According to the explanatory notes, published by the Department for Constitutional Affairs, the act "is intended to provide a comprehensive statutory framework for inquiries set up by Ministers to look into matters of public concern".

The act repealed the entirety of the Tribunals of Inquiry (Evidence) Act 1921, a much shorter bill that also empowered Ministers to set up so-called statutory inquiries.

The act was motivated in part by the spiralling costs of the Bloody Sunday Inquiry and a desire to control the length and cost of future inquiries. The act has been criticised by a number of groups and individuals, generally concerned with the power ministers have over the remit of the inquiry and the publication of its final report.
Pioneer Valley Railroad
42°8′32″N 72°43′36.5″W﻿ / ﻿42.14222°N 72.726806°W﻿ / 42.14222; -72.726806

The Pioneer Valley Railroad, founded in 1982, is a Class III short line freight railroad operating the former Conrail (née-New York, New Haven & Hartford) trackage in the western part of Massachusetts in towns of Westfield, Holyoke, and Southampton. The railroad has been owned by the Pinsly Railroad Company since its founding, with headquarters in Westfield, Massachusetts.

In August 2023, Macquarie Infrastructure Partners reached an agreement with Pinsly to acquire the railroad through its subsidiary Gulf & Atlantic Railways.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Gene Burns
Gene Burns (December 3, 1940 – May 25, 2013) was an American talk radio host. He  hosted Dining Around with Gene Burns, a food wine and travel program, which aired Saturdays on NewsTalk 810 AM in San Francisco. He also hosted The Gene Burns Program, a political and social commentary show, that aired on NewsTalk 810.

He had previously broadcast both shows on KGO in San Francisco. On December 1, 2011, it was announced he was among the hosts cut by KGO as it shifted to more of a news format. Burns was scheduled to continue his shows on the radio station KKSF 910 AM on January 3, 2012. Instead, fill-in hosts took his place as he recovered from an unknown illness. On April 3, 2012, Burns disclosed on his KKSF blog that he was recovering from a stroke that had resulted in aphasia.

Burns worked in several different major markets throughout his broadcasting career. In addition to San Francisco, he also hosted radio programs in Baltimore, Boston, New York City, Orlando and Philadelphia.

Social commentary
Social commentary is the act of using rhetorical means to provide commentary on social, cultural, political, or economic issues in a society. This is often done with the idea of implementing or promoting change by informing the general populace about a given problem and appealing to people's sense of justice. Social commentary can be practiced through all forms of communication, from printed form, to conversations to computerized communication, including visual arts, photography, literature, public speaking, music, film, television, comic strips, and digital media.  Examples range from visual art like graffiti addressing social issues, photography documenting humanitarian crises, literary and film works critiquing social injustices, dystopian fiction exploring societal control, rap music highlighting racial and economic disparities, to internet-based platforms fostering open discussions.
Gamsey Wood
Gamsey Wood is a 4 hectare nature reserve north-east of Woodwalton in Cambridgeshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

The main trees in this wood are ash and field maple, but there are also several wild service trees. Spring flowers include bluebells, wood anemones and yellow archangels, and there are birds such as fieldfares and nightingales.

There is access from Raveley Road by a track through Keeler farm to the reserve entrance at the north-east corner of the site.

Torminalis
Torminalis is a genus of plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. The genus was formerly included within the genus Sorbus as the section Torminaria, but the simple-leafed species traditionally classified in Sorbus are now considered to form a separate monophyletic group. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Torminalis glaberrima, commonly known as wild service tree, chequers, and checker tree. This tree is native to Europe, parts of northern Africa and western Asia.
Uncle Joe's Mint Balls
Uncle Joe's Mint Balls are mints produced by William Santus & Co in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England since 1898. Despite their name, the mints are not truly spherical but oblate spheroids. The ingredients of Uncle Joe's Mint Balls are pure cane sugar, oil of peppermint and cream of tartar and are described on the tin as "suitable for vegans".

As of 2011, 160,000 mint balls are made per day, which is around 35 million per year.

The early mint balls were made by William Santus' wife, Ellen, before production moved to a factory near Wigan Wallgate railway station in 1919.

The packaging, usually a sealed can, carries a picture of the mascot, a smiling man in a top hat.

Peppermint
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.

Although the genus Mentha comprises more than 25 species, the one in most common use is peppermint. While Western peppermint is derived from Mentha ×  piperita, Chinese peppermint, or bohe, is derived from the fresh leaves of M. haplocalyx. M. ×  piperita and M. haplocalyx are both recognised as plant sources of menthol and menthone, and are among the oldest herbs used for both culinary and medicinal products.