hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Westville, KwaZulu-Natal
Westville is an area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and is just west and 10 km inland from the Durban CBD. It was formerly an independent municipality and became part of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in 2002.

The climate is subtropical; Westville experiences mild, dry winters, and hot, humid summers with frequent late afternoon downpours.

Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (/ˌpiːtərˈmærɪtsbɜːrɡ/; Zulu: uMgungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.

The town was named in Zulu, after King Dingane's royal homestead uMgungundlovu. Pietermaritzburg is popularly called Maritzburg and is often informally abbreviated to PMB. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producing aluminium, timber and dairy products, and is the main economic hub of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The public sector is a major employer in the city due to local, district and provincial government offices located here.

The city has many schools and tertiary education institutions, including a campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
Candace Glendenning
Candace Glendenning (born 9 August 1953) is a retired English actress, known for her work in the horror film genre in the 1970s as a "scream queen". She also had a career in British television throughout the late 1960s to the early 1980s.

Scream queen
A scream queen (a wordplay on screen queen) is an actress who is prominent and influential in horror films, either through a notable appearance or recurring roles. The title is a buzzword used by critics and has gained positive and negative responses. Scream King is the male version of the title. Notable scream queen examples include Fay Wray, Jamie Lee Curtis, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Sigourney Weaver, Neve Campbell, Mia Goth, Melissa Barrera, Shawnee Smith, Bipasha Basu, Angela Bassett and Linnea Quigley.
Wakefield City Academies Trust
Wakefield City Academies Trust (WCAT) was a multi-academy trust (MAT) that managed 21 schools (14 primary and 7 secondary) across West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, and the East Riding of Yorkshire. As an academy trust, it was an exempt charity regulated by the Department for Education (DfE).

In September 2017, WCAT announced it would cease operations and dissolve once new sponsor organisations were found for its schools.

Mexborough
Mexborough is a town in the City of Doncaster District, South Yorkshire, England, between Manvers and Denaby Main, on the River Don close to where it joins the River Dearne, and the A6023 road. It is contiguous with Swinton to the southwest and Conisbrough to the east.

Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Mexborough had a population of 15,244 at the 2011 Census.
1885 Southern Maori by-election
The 1885 Southern Maori by-election was a by-election held on 10 June 1885 in the Southern Maori electorate during the 9th New Zealand Parliament. The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, Hōri Kerei Taiaroa, when he was re-appointed to the Legislative Council. Taiaroa had been appointed to the Legislative Council in February 1879, but in August 1880 he was disqualified over a technicality, a cause of bitterness and resentment among Māori. When appointed by Sir George Grey, Taiaroa held (and continued to hold) a salaried (government) office, hence was not eligible to sit in the Council, despite having attended three sessions. The by-election was won by Tame Parata.

Southern Maori
Southern Maori was one of New Zealand's four original parliamentary Māori electorates established in 1868, along with Northern Maori, Western Maori and Eastern Maori. In 1996, with the introduction of MMP, the Maori electorates were updated, and Southern Maori was replaced with the Te Tai Tonga and Te Puku O Te Whenua electorates.
1989 AC Delco 500
The 1989 AC Delco 500 was the 27th stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 25th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, October 22, 1989, before an audience of 52,500 in Rockingham, North Carolina, at North Carolina Speedway, a 1.017 miles (1.637 km) permanent high-banked racetrack. At race's end, Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would manage to dominate the late stages of the race, leading the final 77 laps to take his first career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace and Hendrick Motorsports driver Darrell Waltrip would finish second and third, respectively.

Raymond Beadle
Raymond Beadle (December 16, 1943 – October 20, 2014) was an American drag racer and auto racing team owner.

Beadle was perhaps best known as the driver and owner of the Blue Max Top Fuel funny car.  Beadle won three consecutive NHRA Funny Car championships from 1979 to 1981 and three IHRA Funny Car championships, 1975–76 and 1981.

In NASCAR, Beadle owned a Winston Cup team from 1983 to 1990, winning the 1989 Winston Championship with driver Rusty Wallace. Beadle's car number was 27 and his car was usually a Pontiac.

He also owned a World of Outlaws sprint car, driven by Sammy Swindell.
2022 Eastbourne International – Women's singles
Petra Kvitová defeated the defending champion Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 6–3, 6–2 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2022 Eastbourne International.
 Ostapenko was aiming to be the first woman to defend the Eastbourne title since Justine Henin in 2007.

Donna Vekić
Donna Vekić (Croatian pronunciation: [ʋěːkitɕ]; born 28 June 1996) is a Croatian professional tennis player. She achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 17 on 27 January 2025. Her best performance at a major is reaching the semifinals at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships, the longest in the history of the tournament, which she lost against Jasmine Paolini. Vekić is also an Olympic silver medalist, in singles at the 2024 Paris Olympics.

Vekić has won four singles titles on the WTA Tour – at the 2014 Malaysian Open, at the 2017 Nottingham Open, the 2021 Courmayeur Ladies Open, and the 2023 Monterrey Open. She has also won five titles in singles and one doubles title on the ITF Circuit.
Strange Stories (TV series)
Strange Stories is a 30-minute American television supernatural anthology series which was hosted by Edward Arnold and aired in first-run syndication in 1956.

Guest stars included Brian Keith, Vera Miles, Charles Coburn, Spring Byington, and DeForest Kelley.

Brian Keith
Robert Alba Keith (November 14, 1921 – June 24, 1997), known professionally as Brian Keith, was an American film, television, and stage actor who in his six-decade career gained recognition for his work in films such as the Disney family film The Parent Trap (1961); Johnny Shiloh (1963); the comedy The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966); and the adventure saga The Wind and the Lion (1975), in which he portrayed President Theodore Roosevelt.

On television, two of his best-known roles were those of bachelor-uncle-turned-reluctant-parent Bill Davis in the 1960s sitcom Family Affair, and a tough retired judge in the lighthearted 1980s crime drama Hardcastle and McCormick. He also starred in The Brian Keith Show, which aired on NBC from 1972 to 1974, where he portrayed a pediatrician who operated a free clinic on Oahu, and in the CBS comedy series Heartland.
Ed Armbrister
Edison Rosanda Armbrister (July 4, 1948 – March 17, 2021) was a Bahamian professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as an outfielder from 1973 to 1977 for the Cincinnati Reds. Armbrister was a utility player for the Reds team known as the Big Red Machine that won three National League pennants and two World Series championships between 1973 and 1976. He was inducted into the Bahamas National Hall of Fame in 2008.

Plate appearance
In baseball, a player is credited with a plate appearance (denoted by PA) each time he completes a turn batting. Under Rule 5.04(c) of the Official Baseball Rules, a player completes a turn batting when he is put out or becomes a runner. This happens when he strikes out or is declared out before reaching first base; or when he reaches first base safely or is awarded first base (by a base on balls, hit by pitch, catcher's interference, or obstruction); or when he hits a fair ball which causes a preceding runner to be put out for the third out before he himself is put out or reaches first base safely (see also left on base, fielder's choice, force play). A very similar baseball statistic, at bats, counts a subset of plate appearances that end under certain circumstances.
Bobrovy Dvory
Bobrovy Dvory (Russian: Бобровы Дворы) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bobrodvorskaya Territorial Administration, Gubkinsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,332 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Gubkinsky District
Gubkinsky District (Russian: Гу́бкинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Gubkin (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 33,561 (2010 Census); 33,974 (2002 Census); 33,809 (1989 Soviet census).
Salix humboldtiana
Salix humboldtiana, called Humboldt's willow, is a tree species of willow native to North and South America, growing along watercourses. Some authorities consider it a synonym of Salix chilensis, which Molina described in 1782. Willdenow described Salix humboldtiana in 1805.

Carl Ludwig Willdenow
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (22 August 1765 – 10 July 1812) was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist.  He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants.  Willdenow was also a mentor of Alexander von Humboldt, one of the earliest and best known phytogeographers. He also influenced Christian Konrad Sprengel, who pioneered the study of plant pollination and floral biology.
Marussia Motors
Marussia Motors (Russian: Маруся pronounced [mɐˈrusʲə]) was a Russian sports car company founded in 2007. It is considered the first Russian company to produce a supercar. It designed, and manufactured prototypes of both the B1 and the B2 sport cars. Marussia was led by former motor racer Nikolai Fomenko. The Marussia B1 was launched in December 2008 in the new Manege hall in Moscow.

In 2010, it acquired a "significant stake" in the Virgin Racing Formula One team, which was later renamed Marussia F1. The team competed in F1 from 2012 to 2014.

In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading.

Valvoline
Valvoline Inc. (/ˈvælvəliːn/ VAL-və-leen) is an American retail automotive services company based in Lexington, Kentucky. It licenses the name for a number of Valvoline-labeled automotive oil, additives, and lubricants. It also owns the Valvoline Instant Oil Change, Great Canadian Oil Change and Valvoline Express Care car repair chains. As of 2023, it is the second largest oil change service provider in the United States with 10% market share and over 1,650 locations.
2018 Asian Men's Handball Championship
The 2018 Asian Men's Handball Championship was the 18th edition of the championship held under the aegis of Asian Handball Federation. The championship was hosted at Suwon, South Korea from 18 to 28 January 2018. It acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship. For the first time, Australia, New Zealand and Bangladesh participated.

Qatar won their third title after defeating Bahrain 33–31 in the final.

Australia men's national handball team
The Australia national handball team is the national handball team of Australia, representing the country in international matches.
Handball Australia is the national governing body for the Olympic Sport of Handball and for the sport of Beach Handball. Australia has consistently won the Oceania championships in both men's and women's division. In 2014 the International Handball Federation (IHF) decided to exclude Australia from the 2015 World Men's Handball Championship.
Pascal Madeleine
Pascal Madeleine is a professor in sports science and ergonomics at the Department of Health Science and Technology at Aalborg University.

Pascal Madeleine holds a Master of Science degree in Medical Technology and a DEA in bio-signal treatment from the Paul Sabatier University and the Paris 12 Val de Marne University.

In 1998, he was awarded the PhD degree and, in 2010, he became a professor in sports science and ergonomics. In 2010, Pascal Madeleine defended his higher doctoral dissertation and was awarded the Danish higher doctoral degree. In 2015, he completed the Pasteur Program on corporate governance at Harvard Business School. He is head of a research interest group on physical activity and human performance.

Paris-East Créteil University
Paris-East Créteil University (French: Université Paris-Est Créteil, commonly known as Paris XII or UPEC) is a public university located in Créteil, Île-de-France, France. It was inaugurated in 1970. The institution provides instruction in the social sciences, educational sciences, economics and development, administration and exchange, law, arts and humanities, and science and technology.

The university is composed of seventeen institutes situated in Créteil (Val-de-Marne), Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, and in the 14th arrondissement of Paris.
1977 British motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1977 British motorcycle Grand Prix was the thirteenth and final round of the 1977 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on 13–14 August 1977 at Silverstone Circuit.

1977 marked the beginning of a new era, as it was the first time the event was held on the British mainland after the Isle of Man TT had represented the United Kingdom on the FIM Grand Prix calendar for the previous 28 years since the championship's inception in 1949. Once the most prestigious race of the year, the Isle of Man TT had been increasingly boycotted by the top riders, and finally succumbed to pressure for increased safety in racing events. It was also the final grand prix for 15-time world champion Giacomo Agostini.

Steve Parrish retired from the lead after his teammate and close friend Barry Sheene famously wrote "gas it wanker" on a pitboard.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
George Houston (painter)
George Houston RSA, RI, RSW (20 January 1869 – 5 October 1947) was a Scottish artist. He was a prolific landscape painter, using both oil and watercolour. He primarily depicted scenes of Argyll and Ayrshire.

Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours
The Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours (RI), initially called the New Society of Painters in Water Colours, is one of the societies in the Federation of British Artists, based in the Mall Galleries in London.
Maraleina F.C.
Maraleina Football Club (Thai สโมสรฟุตบอลมาราเลน่า), is a Thai professional football club based in Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand. The club is currently playing in the Thai League 3 Western region.

Thai script
The Thai script (Thai: อักษรไทย, RTGS: akson thai, pronounced [ʔàksɔ̌ːn tʰāj]) is the abugida used to write Thai, Southern Thai and many other languages spoken in Thailand. The Thai script itself (as used to write Thai) has 44 consonant symbols (Thai: พยัญชนะ, phayanchana), 16 vowel symbols (Thai: สระ, sara) that combine into at least 32 vowel forms, four tone diacritics (Thai: วรรณยุกต์ or วรรณยุต, wannayuk or wannayut), and other diacritics.

Although commonly referred to as the Thai alphabet, the script is not a true alphabet but an abugida, a writing system in which the full characters represent consonants with diacritical marks for vowels; the absence of a vowel diacritic gives an implied 'a' or 'o'. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, and vowels following a consonant in speech are written above, below, to the left or to the right of it, or a combination of those.
Ife-Modakeke conflict
The Ife-Modakeke Conflict was a series of recurrent interethnic tribal wars between the people of Ife and Modakeke communities in Southwestern Nigeria. It has been described as one of the oldest interethnic conflicts in Nigerian history, with the first reported clashes occurring between 1835 and 1849 as part of the Yoruba Wars, while the last reported clash was in the year 2000, when the then president, Olusegun Obasanjo set up the Olabode George-led committee to look into the conflict.

Bode George
Olabode Ibiyinka George Listenⓘ ("Bode George") (born 21 November 1945) is a Nigerian politician who became Military Governor of Ondo State, and later Chairman of the Nigerian Ports Authority, then national vice-chairman in the southwest zone of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP).
Ensemble axiom
The ensemble axiom is an engineering concept which states that if an engineer designs parts to cooperate with each other in an ensemble, he or she can simplify the parts and the ensemble will operate better.

This term is used within a research area called self-reconfiguring modular robotics, and specifically within claytronics, where it is stated as: A catom includes only enough functionality to contribute to the functionality desired in the claytronic ensemble.

Programmable matter
Programmable matter is matter which has the ability to change its physical properties (shape, density, moduli, conductivity, optical properties, etc.) in a programmable fashion, based upon user input or autonomous sensing.  Programmable matter is thus linked to the concept of a material which inherently has the ability to perform information processing.
Ingrid Larsen (activist)
Ingrid Larsen, (1883 - 1965) was a Danish politician (Konservative Folkeparti) and women's rights activist.

She was born to the mayor Carl Christian Rasmussen (1842-1912) and Mariane Gether (1844-1936), and married the judge Anders Peter Larsen in 1907.

She was the President of the Dansk Kvindesamfund in 1943–1947.

She was a Substitute in the Landstinget in 1936–1951.

Conservative People's Party (Denmark)
The Conservative People's Party (Danish: Det Konservative Folkeparti, DKF), also known as The Conservatives (De Konservative), is a centre-right political party in Denmark. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union and the European People's Party.
Spencer Susser
Spencer Susser (born 1977) is an American filmmaker and film editor.

Originally from California, Susser is the only American member of the Australian filmmaking collective Blue-Tongue Films. His short film I Love Sarah Jane, featuring Mia Wasikowska, won Best Narrative Short at the 2008 Nashville Film Festival, the Reel Frontier Merit Award at the Arizona International Film Festival, and the Canal+ Award at the Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival. Susser co-wrote the project with David Michôd. In February 2011, it was reported that Susser is developing a feature-length film based on the short.

His feature film debut Hesher stars Joseph Gordon-Levitt and Natalie Portman. It appeared at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival and was released in the United States on May 13, 2011.

Susser co-directed the music video for Lana Del Rey's song "Summertime Sadness" with Kyle Newman.

Canal+ (French TV channel)
Canal+ (French: [kanal plys], meaning "Channel Plus"), also spelt Canal Plus and sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal, is a French premium television channel owned by Canal+. The channel was launched in Paris and Issy-les-Moulineaux on November 4, 1984, and broadcasts to Metropolitan France. It broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted, but some unencrypted content can be viewed free of charge.

Canal+ was co-founded by André Rousselet and Pierre Lescure. An early pioneer was Alain de Greef, who joined in 1986.
C&C 41
The C&C 41 is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by Robert W. Ball at the request of Jim Plaxton, who had purchased C&C Yachts in 1981. Plaxton wanted an International Offshore Rule racer and the resulting design went into production in 1981.

International Offshore Rule
The International Offshore Rule (IOR) was a measurement rule for racing sailboats. The IOR evolved from the Cruising Club of America (CCA) rule for racer/cruisers and the Royal Ocean Racing Club (RORC) rule.
Christl Donnelly
Christl Ann Donnelly (born 1967) is an epidemiologist who was appointed professor of applied statistics at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of St Peter's College, Oxford. She is also professor of statistical epidemiology at Imperial College London. She is associate director of the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis. Donnelly was Head of the Department of Statistics, University of Oxford from 2022 to 2025.

St Peter's College, Oxford
St Peter's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Located on New Inn Hall Street, Oxford, United Kingdom, it occupies the site of two of the university's medieval halls dating back to at least the 14th century. The modern college was founded by Francis James Chavasse, former Bishop of Liverpool, opened as St Peter's Hall in 1929, and achieved full collegiate status as St Peter's College in 1961. Founded as a men's college, it has been coeducational since 1979.

As of 2023, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £52.8 million.
Islamic State occupation of Mosul
The occupation of Mosul by the Islamic State began after the fall of Mosul when Islamic State fighters took control of the city on 10 June 2014, and became the de facto government in the area. Mosul was a strategically important city for the Islamic State and was a target by anti-Islamic State forces. Over the course of battles in 2015 and 2016–2017, the Iraqi Armed Forces, aided by Peshmerga and CJTF–OIR forces, fully recaptured Mosul by 21 July 2017.

The Islamic State carried out a brutal occupation in Mosul, resulting in the death, torture, rape, and disappearance of many of the city's citizens. Women were subjected to a strict variant of Sharia law while members of religious and ethnic minorities were killed or evicted from the city. Widespread looting and destruction of cultural, religious, and historical artifacts occurred. Armed resistance against the occupation took place in and around the city, mainly undertaken by Kurdish, Turkmen, Assyrian, and Shia groups.

Assyrians in Iraq
Iraqi Assyrians (Syriac: ܣܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ, Arabic: آشوريو العراق, Kurdish: ئاشوورییەکانی عێراق) are an ethnic and linguistic minority group, indigenous to Upper Mesopotamia. They are defined as Assyrians residing in the country of Iraq, or members of the Assyrian diaspora who are of Iraqi-Assyrian heritage. They share a common history and ethnic identity, rooted in shared linguistic, cultural and religious traditions, with Assyrians in Iran, Turkey and Syria, as well as with the Assyrian diaspora elsewhere. A significant number have emigrated to the United States, notably to the Detroit and Chicago; sizeable communities are also found in Sydney, Australia and Södertälje, Sweden.