hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donald Sultan
Donald K. Sultan (born 1951) is an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker, particularly well known for large-scale still life paintings and the use of industrial materials such as tar, enamel, spackle and vinyl tiles. He has been exhibiting internationally in prominent museums and galleries, and his works are included in important museum collections all over the globe. Sultan is the recipient of numerous honors and awards for his artistic achievements.

Contemporary Arts Museum Houston
Contemporary Arts Museum Houston is a not-for-profit institution in the Museum District, Houston, Texas, founded in 1948,
dedicated to presenting contemporary art to the public.

As a non-collecting museum, it strives to provide a forum for visual arts of the present and recent past and document new directions in art, while engaging the public and encouraging a greater understanding of contemporary art through education programs.

Contemporary Arts Museum Houston opened in 1972, in a building designed by Gunnar Birkerts.
2020 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs
The 2020 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs was the 47th time a spot in the Eliteserien was decided by play-off matches between top tier and second-level clubs. In the play-offs, five teams competed for one spot in the 2021 Eliteserien.

Sogndal Fotball
Sogndal Fotball is the football department of Norwegian sports club Sogndal IL from Sogndal Municipality in Vestland. The club was founded in 1926. The men's team currently plays in second tier 1. divisjon of the Norwegian football league system. The club's home matches are played at the 5,622 capacity Fosshaugane Campus.

The men's team contests for the Norwegian Cup. They achieved for the first time play in the 1976 Norwegian Cup final phase. They were  unsuccessful in the pursuit of the 1976 Norwegian Cup as runner-up in the 1976 Norwegian Cup, losing to SK Brann 2-1. Sogndal became the first third-tier side to play in a Norwegian Cup final. Sogndal men's team contests in the top division Eliteserien. They contested in the 2017 season.
Tony F. Schneider
Tony F. Schneider (November 11, 1917 – October 16, 2010) was an American World War II pilot who taught at University of Louisville and was appointed the Holloway Plan Professor of Naval Science at the University of New Mexico.

James L. Holloway Jr.
James Lemuel Holloway Jr. (June 20, 1898 – January 11, 1984) was a four-star admiral in the United States Navy who served as superintendent of the United States Naval Academy from 1947 to 1950; as Chief of Naval Personnel from 1953 to 1957; and as commander in chief of all United States naval forces in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean from 1957 to 1959, in which capacity he commanded the 1958 American intervention in Lebanon. As founder of the Holloway Plan, he was responsible for creating the modern Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps.

Holloway was the father of four-star admiral and Chief of Naval Operations Admiral James L. Holloway III. As of 2019, they are the only father and son to both serve as four-star admirals in the United States Navy while on active duty, as opposed to being promoted to that rank posthumously or at retirement.
Brittle–ductile transition zone
The brittle-ductile transition zone (hereafter the "transition zone") is the zone of the Earth's crust that marks the transition from the upper, more brittle crust to the lower, more ductile crust. For quartz and feldspar-rich rocks in continental crust, the transition zone occurs at an approximate depth of 20 km, at temperatures of 250–400 °C. At this depth, rock becomes less likely to fracture, and more likely to deform ductilely by creep because the brittle strength of a material increases with confining pressure, while its ductile strength decreases with increasing temperature.

Fracture
Fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. The fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. If a displacement develops perpendicular to the surface, it is called a normal tensile crack or simply a crack; if a displacement develops tangentially, it is called a shear crack, slip band, or dislocation.

Brittle fractures occur without any apparent deformation before fracture. Ductile fractures occur after visible deformation. Fracture strength, or breaking strength, is the stress when a specimen fails or fractures. The detailed understanding of how a fracture occurs and develops in materials is the object of fracture mechanics.
Edward Stephen
Edward Jones Stephen (also Stephens; December 1822 – 10 May 1885), often known by his bardic name of Tanymarian, was a Welsh musician, singer and composer, mainly of hymns and songs.

He was born in Maentwrog, Merionethshire, into a musical family.  He went to school at Penralltgoch and was then apprenticed to his brother, William.  He began preaching and in 1843 he went to the Congregational college at Bala to train as a minister.  While there he changed his name to Edward Stephen to avoid confusion with another Edward Jones.  In 1847 he became a minister at Dwygyfylchi in Caernarfonshire and in 1852 he composed an oratorio entitled Ystorm Tiberias.  In 1856 he moved to another chapel at Llanllechid, and two years later he composed a requiem in memory of John Jones, Talysarn.  He composed many hymns and also wrote books and articles about music, in the Welsh language.

Caernarfonshire
Caernarfonshire (/kərˈnɑːrvənʃər/; Welsh: Sir Gaernarfon, Welsh pronunciation: [ˈsir gaɨ̯rˈnarvɔn]), previously spelled Caernarvonshire or Carnarvonshire, was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974. It was located in the north-west of Wales.
Ocnogyna baetica
Ocnogyna baetica, also known as Rambur's Pellicle or winter webworm, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Rambur in 1837. It is found in Italy, the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa.

Larvae have been recorded on Hedysarum, Trifolium, Erysimum and mallow (Malva species).

Erysimum
Erysimum, or wallflower, is a genus of flowering plants in the cabbage family, Brassicaceae. It includes more than 150 species, both popular garden plants and many wild forms. Erysimum is characterised by star-shaped (and/or two-sided) trichomes growing from the stem, with yellow, red, pink or orange flowers and multiseeded seed pods.
Ramil Valizade
Ramil Ali oglu Valizade or Valizada (Azerbaijani: Ramil Əli oğlu Vəlizadə; born 16 February 2004) is an Azerbaijani swimmer. He is a bronze medalist at the 2022 European Junior Swimming Championships and the champion of the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games. He competed in the 2019 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival, as well as at the World Championships (2021, 2024) and the 2024 European Aquatics Championships. Valizade represented Azerbaijan at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. He was awarded the title of Master of Sport Azerbaijan in 2018.

Azerbaijan at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Azerbaijan competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in France, that took place from 26 July to 11 August 2024. It was the nation's eighth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era. Azerbaijani athletes won two gold (in judo), two silver (in taekwondo and boxing) and three bronze medals (in wrestling) during the competition.
2012 Tour de Borneo
The 2012 Tour de Borneo, a cycling stage race that took place in Malaysia. It was held from 27 April to 1 May 2012. There were five stages, covering 755.8 kilometres. In fact, the race was sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale as a 2.2 category race and was part of the 2011–12 UCI Asia Tour calendar.

Michael Torckler of New Zealand won the race, followed by Nathan Earle of Australia second and Jonathan Lovelock of Australia third overall. Out of 102 riders, a total 72 riders made it to the finish in Kota Kinabalu.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Émile Barral
Émile Louis Vincent Barral (24 September 1891 – 5 April 1961) was a sailor and runner from Monaco. As a sailor, he represented his country in the Monotype event at the 1924 Summer Olympics and the 12 foot dinghy event at the 1928 Summer Olympics. As a runner, he competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Sailing at the 1928 Summer Olympics – 12' Dinghy
The 12' Dinghy was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 1928 Summer Olympics program in Amsterdam. A combination of Preliminary series and final series were scheduled. 23 sailors from 20 nations competed on twelve 12' Dinghies that were supplied by the Royal Dutch Yachting Union (Koninklijke Verbonden Nederlandsche Watersport Vereenigingen).
Richard Bryant (actor)
Richard Bryant (born September 22, 1984, in Stockton, California) is an American actor who has appeared in the Lifetime Television series Army Wives. He played Jeremy Sherwood.

Richard moved to Charleston, SC in 1986. He attended Trident Technical College in Charleston, South Carolina. He graduated high school in 2002 from the Charleston County School of the Arts, where he was a theatre major. Richard is currently enrolled at the College of Charleston.

He also appeared on The WB/The CW Television Network show One Tree Hill.

He is multi-talented. His talents include: guitar, bass guitar, banjo, drums, cello, and being able to play the piano by ear. He can speak some French and Spanish. Besides acting and playing the guitar, he enjoys traveling, surfing, and being outdoors.

College of Charleston
The College of Charleston (CofC or Charleston) is a public university in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785, it is the oldest university in South Carolina, the 13th-oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, and the country's oldest municipal college.

The founders of the College of Charleston included six Founding Fathers of the United States, including three who signed the Declaration of Independence: Thomas Heyward Jr., Arthur Middleton, and Edward Rutledge; and three who signed the Constitution of the United States: Charles Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, and John Rutledge.
World War I Monument
The World War I Monument is a war memorial by an unknown creator, installed outside the Heritage Society, adjacent to Houston's Sam Houston Park, in the U.S. state of Texas.

The bronze and granite memorial commemorates local soldiers who died in World War I, and features a bronze plaque depicting an eagle and displaying a list of names, set within a granite block.

Sam Houston Park
Sam Houston Park is an urban park located in downtown Houston, Texas, United States, dedicated to the buildings and culture of Houston's past. The park, which was the first to be established in the city, was developed on land purchased by former Mayor Sam Brashear in 1900.
Belønningen
Belønningen (English: The reward) is a 1980 Norwegian drama film written and directed by Bjørn Lien, starring Rolf Søder and Joachim Calmeyer. It was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Silver Prize.

Reidar (Søder) was in the merchant navy during the war, but has since become an alcoholic and a bum. One day outside Vinmonopolet (the government owned alcoholic beverage monopoly), he bumps into successful businessman Sverre Nordvåg (Calmeyer), and drops his bottle of liquor. The two begin to fight, and the police get involved. It turns out the two knew each other before the German occupation of Norway, but fell out when Sverre began to collaborate with the Germans. A young journalist gets involved in the story of the two men during the proceeding trial.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Saburovsky Rail Bridges
Saburovsky Rail Bridges (Russian: Cабуровские железнодорожные мосты) are two adjacent steel bridges that span Moskva River in southern Moskvorechye-Saburovo District of Moscow, Russia. They were completed in 1924 and 1953, when Saburovo was a remote suburb of Moscow.

Moskvorechye-Saburovo District
Moskvorechye-Saburovo District  (Russian: райо́н Москворе́чье-Сабу́рово) is an administrative district (raion) of Southern Administrative Okrug, and one of the 125 raions of Moscow, Russia. The area of the district is 9.30 square kilometers (3.59 sq mi).
Volvo R
The Volvo R marque represents the high-performance division of cars produced by Volvo. The R marque refers to an unknown adjective, since Volvo markets R-designated vehicles as being the most performance-oriented trim level. The first vehicle in the Volvo R marque lineup, the Volvo 850 T-5R, was introduced in 1995 (rebranded to the 850 R in 1996), followed by the Volvo S70 R and Volvo V70 R in 1998. A related performance trim line, Volvo R-Design, was launched for 2008. Volvo's high-performance vehicles are now developed by their Polestar division, although most Volvo models are offered in an R-Design trim level.

Alcantara (material)
Alcantara is the brand name of a synthetic textile with a soft, suede-like microfibre pile, noted for its durability. Alcantara was developed in the 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto and initially manufactured by the Italian company Alcantara. The term has an Arabic root (Arabic: القنطرة, romanized: al-qantara) and means "the bridge".

Alcantara is produced by combining an advanced spinning process (producing very low denier bicomponent "islands-in-the-sea" fiber) and chemical and textile production processes (needle punching, buffing, impregnation, extraction, finishing, dyeing, etc.) which interact with each other.

Alcantara is commonly seen in automotive applications, as a substitute for leather and vinyl in vehicle interior trim. It is also used in the design, fashion, consumer electronics and marine industries.
2019 Quetta bombing
The 2019 Quetta bombing was a suicide bomb attack on an open marketplace in Quetta, Pakistan on 12 April, killing 21 people. The bombing took place near an area where many minority Shiite Muslims live. At least ten Hazara, including nine Shiites, were among the dead. Two paramilitary soldiers were also killed in the bombing. PM Imran Khan expressed condolences for the lives lost, directed the authorities to ensure the best medical treatment for the injured, and ordered an increase in security for Shiites and Hazara people. Lashkar-e-Jhangvi and ISIL later accepted responsibility for the attack, stating that "their target were Hazara people."

Shehryar Afridi
Shehryar Khan Afridi (Urdu: شہریار خان آفریدی; born 12 March 1971) is a Pakistani politician who served as Chairperson of the Parliamentary Special Committee on Kashmir, in office from 13 May 2020 to April 2022. He served as the Minister of State for Interior from 31 August 2018 to 18 April 2019. He has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served as a member from August 2018 till January 2023 and June 2013 to May 2018. He also served as the Minister of State for States and Frontier Regions (SAFRON) from 18 April 2019 until 25 September 2020. He was also given an additional charge of the Ministry of Narcotics Control after the death of Ali Mohammad Mahar.

He resigned from National Assembly of Pakistan on order of Imran Khan on 10 April 2022.
Madness (Sleeping with Sirens album)
Madness is the fourth studio album by American rock band Sleeping with Sirens. The album was released on March 17, 2015, through Epitaph Records. The album was self-produced by the band and John Feldmann. The album is the band's first release following their departure from Rise Records in 2014. It is their first album record to feature guitarist Nick Martin of D.R.U.G.S. and Underminded who replaced former guitarist Jesse Lawson. Madness was preceded by lead single "Kick Me" as well as a string of digital singles. The album continues the band's progression to a more pop rock–style sound, but retains some post-hardcore influences on tracks.

Underminded
Underminded is an American hardcore punk band from San Diego, California.  The band has been on hiatus since 2007 as its members concentrate on other projects. Frontman Nick Martin was in Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows, and has been in Sleeping With Sirens since originally filling in for them in 2013. Drummer Tanner Wayne has been the drummer for In Flames since 2018.
Briskey
Briskey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Darryl Briskey (born 1955), former Australian politician

Ernest J. Briskey (1931–2006), American food scientist

Jo Briskey, Australian politician

Ernest J. Briskey
Ernest Joseph Briskey (March 30, 1931 – June 24, 2006) was an American food scientist who was involved in the biological studies on meat tissue during the slaughtering process. He also developed the use of meat science as a career, including the charter of the American Meat Science Association, both at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and at Oregon State University.
Noemi Oineza
Noemi Oineza (born October 7, 1999) is a Filipino former actress and model. She is best known for her role as Lottie in Princess Sarah. She is also a child star on Goin' Bulilit. Later, she played villainous roles in Wansapanataym, Mirabella, and Aryana, until becoming the protagonist in Maalaala Mo Kaya.

Villain
A villain (masculine), or villainess (feminine), also bad guy, baddy or baddie (sometimes known as a "black hat"), is a stock character, whether based on a historical narrative or one of literary fiction. Random House Unabridged Dictionary defines such a character as "a cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime; scoundrel; or a character in a play, novel, or the like, who constitutes an important evil agency in the plot". The antonym of a villain is a hero.

The villain's structural purpose is to serve as the opposite to the hero character, and their motives or evil actions drive a plot along. In contrast to the hero, who is defined by feats of ingenuity and bravery and the pursuit of justice and the greater good, a villain is often defined by their acts of selfishness, evilness, arrogance, cruelty, and cunning, displaying immoral behavior that can oppose or pervert justice.
Colonialism and Neocolonialism
Colonialism and Neocolonialism by  Jean-Paul Sartre (first published in French in 1964) is a controversial and influential critique of French policies in Algeria. It argues for French disengagement from its former Overseas Empire and controversially defending the rights of violent resistance by groups such as the Algerian FLN in order to achieve this.

Its text includes Sartre's preface to Frantz Fanon's Wretched of the Earth. The book influenced later writings by Albert Memmi, and Jean-François Lyotard.

Jean-François Lyotard
Jean-François Lyotard (/liːoʊˈtɑːr/; French: [ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa ljɔtaʁ]; 10 August 1924 – 21 April 1998) was a French philosopher, sociologist, and literary theorist. His interdisciplinary discourse spans such topics as epistemology and communication, the human body, modern art and postmodern art, literature and critical theory, music, film, time and memory, space, the city and landscape, the sublime, and the relation between aesthetics and politics. He is best known for his articulation of postmodernism after the late 1970s and the analysis of the impact of postmodernity on the human condition. Lyotard was a key personality in contemporary continental philosophy and authored 26 books and many articles. He was a director of the International College of Philosophy founded by Jacques Derrida, François Châtelet, Jean-Pierre Faye, and Dominique Lecourt.
Shewanella violacea
Shewanella violacea DSS12 (S. violacea) is a gram-negative bacterium located in marine sediment in the Ryukyu Trench at a depth of 5,110m.  The first description of this organism was published in 1998 by Japanese microbiologists Yuichi Nogi, Chiaki Kato, and Koki Horikoshi, who named the species after its violet appearance when it is grown on Marine Agar 2216 Plates.

Shewanella violacea is a motile rod-shaped bacterium with flagella.  It is a facultative anaerobic organism and considered an extremophile due to its optimal growing conditions at 8°C and 30 MPa. Researchers are evaluating this species to better understand the specific mechanisms S. violacea uses in order to thrive in its unusually cold and high-pressure environment.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Gnote
Gnote is a free and open-source desktop note-taking application written for Linux, cloned by Hubert Figuière from Tomboy. It uses a Wiki-like linking system to connect notes together. Gnote is part of the GNOME desktop environment, often filling the need for personal information management. The main principle is a notepad with a wiki-style interface. Words in the note body that match existing note titles automatically become hyperlinks, allowing for the management of large libraries of personal information, such as references to favorite artists that would then automatically be highlighted in notes containing their names. Plugins extend the program to include functionality like exporting to HTML and printing support. As of version 0.8.0, Gnote has been ported to GTK+3.

Automatic hyperlinking
An autolink is a hyperlink added automatically to a hypermedia document, after it has been authored or published. Automatic hyperlinking describes the process or the software feature that produces autolinks. Segments of the hypermedia are identified through a process of pattern matching. For example, in hypertext, the software could recognise textual patterns for street addresses, phone numbers, ISBNs, or URLs.

In a distributed hypermedia system, such as the World Wide Web, autolinking can be carried out by client or server software. For example, a web server could add links to a web page as it sends it to a web browser. A browser can also add links to a page after it has received it from the server.