hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Television in Poland
Television in Poland was introduced on an experimental basis in 1937. It was state owned, and was interrupted by the Second World War in 1939. Television returned to Poland in 1952 and for several decades was controlled by the communist government. Colour television was introduced in Poland in 1971. Private television stations in Poland appeared around the time of the fall of communism, with PTV Echo (once a member of the local channels of Polonia 1) becoming the first private station in Poland (and in the former Eastern Bloc).

Polonia 1
Polonia 1 is one of the first Polish commercial television channels, consisting at first of a network of 12 (and - for a short time - even 13) local TV stations in bigger cities. The station was established by Sardinian businessman Nicola Grauso, who shared a connection with Silvio Berlusconi.
Ujan Dudhpur
Ujan Dudhpur is a gram panchayet in Kumarghat, Unakoti district, Tripura, India. The Manu River runs through this village.

There is a school in this panchayet named Dudhpur High School that educates almost 300 students.

Kumarghat
Kumarghat is a town and subdivision in Unakoti district in Tripura, India. It is a municipal council and the 14th largest town in Tripura by population. Kumarghat railway station is the only railway station in Unakoti district.
Exa (command-line utility)
exa is a (currently unmaintained -- see below) command-line utility for listing files. It is promoted as "a modern replacement for ls" with features not present in ls, such as showing git status. exa is one of the first applications written in Rust to be included in Fedora, openSUSE, and Gentoo.

In September 2023, its maintainer redirected people to the fork eza instead, after its original author became unreachable.

Ls
ls is a shell command for listing files – including special files such as directories. Originally developed for Unix and later codified by POSIX and Single UNIX Specification, it is supported in many operating systems today, including Unix-like variants, Windows (via PowerShell and UnxUtils), EFI, and MSX-DOS (via MSX-DOS2 Tools).

The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include an ls 
command with similar functionality.

An ls command appeared in the first version of AT&T UNIX. The name inherited from Multics and is short for "list". ls is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX.1 and the Single Unix Specification.

In MS-DOS, OS/2, and Windows, the equivalent command is dir. Apple DOS for the Apple II uses CATALOG.
Shō Shoku
Shō Shoku (尚 稷, ? – 1434) was the father of King Shō En, the founder of the Second Shō dynasty of the Ryukyu Kingdom.

Shō Shoku was born into a family of peasant farmers on Izena Island, a small island which lies off the northwestern coast of Okinawa Island. He married Zuiun (瑞雲), and had a daughter and two sons: Abu-ganashi (阿武加那志), Shō En, and Shō Sen'i.

Shō Shoku and his wife died when their offsprings were young. He was posthumously honored as king in 1699, and his spirit tablet was placed in Sōgen-ji. His title was stripped in 1719, and his spirit tablet was moved to Tennō-ji.

Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 until 1872, when it was reorganized as the Ryukyu Domain, before being fully abolished in 1879. It was ruled as a tributary state of the Ming dynasty by the Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and subsequently extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained de jure independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Domain was abolished by the Meiji government in 1879 and reorganized as Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Japanese nobility.
Sakshaug Church
Sakshaug Church (Norwegian: Sakshaug kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Inderøy Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Sakshaug, just west of the municipal centre of Straumen. It is the main church for the Inderøy parish which is part of the Stiklestad prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The large, stone church was built in a Neo-Gothic long church style in 1871 using plans drawn up by the architect Håkon Mosling (1840-1914).
 The church seats about 850 people.

Diocese of Nidaros
Nidaros is a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Norway. It covers Trøndelag county in Central Norway and its cathedral city is Trondheim, which houses the well-known Nidaros Cathedral.  Since 10 September 2017, the Bishop of Nidaros is Herborg Finnset.  The bishop preses, currently Olav Fykse Tveit is also based at the Nidaros Cathedral.  The diocese is divided into nine deaneries (prosti).  While the bishop preses holds episcopal responsibility within the Nidaros domprosti (deanery) in Trondheim, the bishop of Nidaros holds episcopal authority of the other eight deaneries as well as the language based parish of the Southern Sámi.
Sulla tua bocca lo dirò
Sulla tua bocca lo dirò is a studio album by Italian singer Mina released on 20 February 2009 by PDU. The title of the album  is taken from a line in the aria Nessun dorma Sulla tua bocca lo dirò fremente, ed il mio bacio scioglierà il silenzio che ti fa mia...

Francesco Cilea
Francesco Cilea (Italian pronunciation: [franˈtʃesko tʃiˈlɛːa]; 23 July 1866 – 20 November 1950) was an Italian composer. Today he is particularly known for his operas L'arlesiana and Adriana Lecouvreur.
Unit 543
Unit 543 was a secret Imperial Japanese Army facility at Hailar that focused on the development of biological weapons during World War II. It was operated by the Kempeitai, the Japanese military police.

Hailar District
Hailar District, formerly a county-level city, is an urban district that serves as the seat of the prefecture-level city Hulunbuir in northeastern Inner Mongolia, China. Hulunbuir, due to its massive size, is a city in administrative terms only, being mainly grassland and rural.

Long known as the "Pearl of the Grasslands", Hailar acts as a gateway between China and Russia. The district spans an area of 1,319.8 square kilometers, and has an estimated population of 365,000 as of 2010. The district serves as a regional center for commerce, trade, and transportation.
2015 Spike For Peace International Beach Volleyball Tournament
The 2015 Spike For Peace International Beach Volleyball Tournament was an international women's beach volleyball tournament hosted in Pasig, Metro Manila, Philippines from November 29 to December 3, 2015.

The tournament staged by the Philippine Sports Commission thru its beach volleyball consultant Eric Lecain and backed by the FIVB, AVC, POC and the local volleyball federation, the Larong Volleyball sa Pilipinas, Inc. (LVPI) was staged indoors at the PhilSports Arena. 300 m3 (11,000 cu ft) of sand from the Southwoods Golf Course was used for a beach volleyball court which was installed on top of the wooden floor of arena. This was to meet the international standard that calls for a court with sand at least 0.30 m (0.98 ft) thick.

The opening ceremonies held last November 30 was well attended by PSC Chairman Richie Garcia, POC board members Cynthia Carrion and Julian Camacho, LVPI Vice President Peter Cayco and LVPI board members Jeff Tamayo, Ricky Palou and Tatz Suzara.

Asian Volleyball Confederation
The Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) is one of five continental governing bodies in volleyball. It governs indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, and other disciplines in Asia and Oceania, excluding the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey, as well as the West Asian countries of Armenia, Cyprus, and Israel. The AVC consists of 65 national association members.

The AVC consists of the national volleyball federations of Asia and Oceania, and club competitions including the Asian Volleyball Championships, Nations Cup, and Champions League, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Masaichi Nishikawa acted as the first president. The current president is Ramon Suzara, a Philippine National Volleyball Federation president, who was elected as AVC's ninth president at the 25th AVC General Assembly in Bangkok in August 2024.
Jenny Tamas
Jenny Tamas (born 18 January 1990) is a German ice hockey player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 2006 Winter Olympics. She was the youngest player on the German ice hockey team at age 16.

Ice hockey at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2006 Winter Olympics was held in Turin, Italy from 11 to 20 February 2006. Eight countries qualified for the tournament. Canada won its second consecutive gold medal, defeating Sweden in the final.
High (Keith Urban album)
High is the twelfth studio album by Australian and American country music singer Keith Urban. The album was released on 20 September 2024 via Hit Red and Capitol Records Nashville.

At the 2025 ARIA Music Awards, the album was nominated for Best Country Album.

Capitol Records Nashville
Capitol Records Nashville is a major United States–based record label located in Nashville, Tennessee, operating as part of the Music Corporation of America.  Its origins go back to 1950 when Capitol Records established its country music office there. From 1991 to 1995, Capitol Nashville was known as Liberty Records. While under the Liberty name, the label operated short-lived sister label Patriot Records from 1994 to 1995. In 1999, EMI launched Virgin Records Nashville but by 2001, Capitol absorbed the short-lived label. In 2010, the label launched sister label EMI Nashville. On March 23, 2011, Alan Jackson signed with Capitol's EMI Nashville division in conjunction with his own ACR Records label.

Capitol Nashville was also home to several successful comedy artists.
2018 Torneo Internacional Challenger León – Doubles
Leander Paes and Adil Shamasdin were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Gonzalo Escobar and Manuel Sánchez won the title after defeating Bradley Mousley and John-Patrick Smith 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Manuel Sánchez (tennis)
Manuel Sánchez Montemayor (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnwel ˈsantʃes]; born 5 January 1991) is a tennis player from Mexico. He played in the ATP 500 Mexican Open event and was on the Mexican Davis Cup squad in 2011.
Kelly Craig
Kelly Craig is a Canadian model and actress from originally from Alberta but spent most of her life in Montreal, Quebec.

Best known for her work in modeling, she was featured in the April 2006 edition of Elle Canada and Elle Québec.

Her first film role was as a stunt double for fellow model and actress Bridget Moynahan, in the 2000 film Coyote Ugly. However, her first character role was in the 2006 film adaptation of Frank Miller's 1998 graphic novel 300.

In 300, she played the role of the Oracle, a young Spartan girl who was chosen for her beauty and is guarded by the old Ephors, being frequently molested by them. Her words, spoken in a trance, are interpreted by the corrupt priests as a message that the Gods do not want King Leonidas to break the Carneia and attack the Persians. Although she appears only briefly in the film, a still from the film of her in a state of trance is featured as the sole image on one of the film posters.

Coyote Ugly
Coyote Ugly is a 2000 American comedy-drama film based on the Coyote Ugly Saloon. It was directed by David McNally, produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and Chad Oman, and written by Gina Wendkos with additional material by an uncredited Kevin Smith, based on "The Muse of the Coyote Ugly Saloon" by Elizabeth Gilbert. Set at the titular drinking establishment in New York City, the film stars Piper Perabo in her breakthrough role, Adam Garcia, Maria Bello, Melanie Lynskey, and John Goodman.

The film received mostly negative reviews but was a box office success nonetheless, grossing $113 million worldwide. The film has become a cult classic over the years. In 2020, Tyra Banks said that she had been lobbying the original production team for a sequel for years.
Alaga Ibile
Alaga Ibile (Yoruba: Traditional Chairman) is the second studio album by indigenous Yoruba rapper Reminisce. It was released on 15 November 2013 by Edge Records and LRR Entertainment. The album features a blend of Afrobeat and hip hop, and spawned the singles "Nigboro", "Government", "Fantasi", "3rd World Thug", "Eleniyan", and "Daddy". Spanning fifteen tracks and a bonus track, it features artists such as Wizkid, Obadice, Burna Boy, Naeto C, Sossick, Davido, Endia and Olamide. Production was handled by Sossick, Sarz, Jospo, Chopstix, DeeVee and Shizzi. The album was nominated for Best Rap Album at The Headies 2014 and won Rap Album of the Year at the 2014 City People Entertainment Awards. Alaga Ibile follows up to Book of Rap Stories (2012).

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Galindo-Leigh House
The Galindo-Leigh House is a historic house in Campbell, California. It was built in the 1830s for Juan Crisostobal Galindo, who became the Major Domo of the Mission Santa Clara a decade later. Galindo expanded the house in the 1840s. It was purchased by John D. Gueraz in 1857, and by Delicia Leigh, in 1874. Leigh was an aristocrat whose father, Alexander Leigh, who was a surgeon, had treated Napoleon. The property has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since August 22, 1980.

Mission Santa Clara de Asís
Mission Santa Clara de Asís (Spanish: Misión Santa Clara de Asís) is a Spanish mission in the city of Santa Clara, California. The mission, which was the eighth in California, was founded on January 12, 1777, by the Franciscans. Named for Saint Clare of Assisi, who founded the order of the Poor Clares and was an early companion of St. Francis of Assisi, this was the first California mission to be named in honor of a woman.

It is the namesake of both the city and county of Santa Clara, as well as of Santa Clara University, which was built around the mission. This is the only mission located on the grounds of a university campus. Although ruined and rebuilt six times, the settlement was never abandoned, and today it functions as the university chapel for Santa Clara University.
Robbi Kempson
Robert Bruce Kempson (born 23 February 1974 in Queenstown, South Africa) is a  South African former rugby union footballer, and the Director of High Performance and interim head coach of the Southern Kings in Pro14.

He played rugby between 1994 and 2003 for Natal, Western Province and Irish side Ulster, and also played in 37 test matches and one tour match for the South Africa national team. His regular position was prop.

South Africa A national rugby union team
South Africa 'A', also formerly known as the Junior Springboks or the Emerging Springboks, are the second national rugby union team representing South Africa, below the senior national team, the Springboks. Until 2018, it was also under the South Africa Under-20 team in the country's rugby hierarchy, but World Rugby changed its regulations to prohibit unions from designating an under-20 team as its second 15-a-side team.

They competed in the Nations Cup in 2007 and 2008 alongside the full national teams of Namibia, Romania and Georgia as well as Argentina Jaguars and Italy A. They also sporadically play touring sides such as the British and Irish Lions.

The team is made up of players of all ages and is not a youth side. The selection criteria vary, and it has been used most recently to give potential Springboks a taste of international rugby or to give experienced Springboks playing time to improve fitness or form.
Tahkenitch Lake
Tahkenitch Lake (tak' ə nich), at 2,118 acres (857 ha), is one of the larger lakes along the coast of the U.S. state of Oregon. Fed by runoff from a basin of about 34 square miles (88 km2), it lies east of U.S. Route 101 in Douglas County between Florence and Reedsport. Its name comes from a Lower Umpqua (Siuslaw) placename meaning "having arms running out like a crab".

Florence, Oregon
Florence is a coastal city in Lane County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies at the mouth of the Siuslaw River on the Pacific Ocean and about midway between Newport to the north and Coos Bay to the south along U.S. Route 101. As of August 14, 2023, the city had a total population of 9,553.
2025 Dubai Sevens
The 2025 Dubai Sevens or SVNS Dubai was a rugby sevens tournament played at The Sevens. Eight men's teams and eight women's teams participated.

Reflecting that it was the start of the new season 21 women players made their debuts at Dubai.

New Zealand won the men's event defeating Australia in the final. New Zealand also won the women's event, defeating Australia in the final.

Australia national rugby sevens team
The Australia national rugby sevens team represent Australia in men's rugby sevens. The team participates in the annual World Rugby Sevens Series competition and the quadrennial Rugby World Cup Sevens. Australia, being a member of the Commonwealth, also compete in the quadrennial rugby sevens event at the Commonwealth Games, as well as the Summer Olympics. Australia's best performance at the Commonwealth Games was silver at Delhi 2010, while at the Summer Olympics it is fourth at Paris 2024.
Conqueror (Aurora song)
"Conqueror" is a song by Aurora and the fifth single from All My Demons Greeting Me as a Friend. It was written by Aurora, Geir Luedy, Odd Martin Skålnes and Magnus Skylstad and produced by Skålnes, Skylstad and Jeremy Wheatley. On January 15, 2016 the song was officially released worldwide.

Magnus Skylstad
Magnus Åserud Skylstad (born 17 June 1983) is a Norwegian musician and record producer from Bergen. He began playing drums at around the age of fifteen years old. He currently is an affiliate of fellow Norwegian and singer-songwriter Aurora and performs as a percussionist, drummer, and occasional backing vocalist for her live band.
Kostenko mine disaster
On the morning of 28 October 2023, a fire started at the Kostenko mine in the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan. The fire, presumably caused by a methane gas explosion underground, killed 46 miners. The President of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, ordered the termination of all investment with the company ArcelorMittal Temirtau, which owns the mine, and 29 October was declared a national day of mourning in Kazakhstan.

National day of mourning
A national day of mourning is a day, or one of several days, marked by mourning and memorial activities observed among the majority of a country's populace. They are designated by the national government. Such days include those marking the death or funeral of a renowned individual or individuals from that country or elsewhere or the anniversary of such a death or deaths, wartime commemorations, or the occurrence or anniversary of a significant disaster either in the country or in another country. Flying a national or military flag of that country at half-mast is a common symbol.

Sociologically, period of national mourning are understood "as instituting states of social exception during which state authorities enact ritual actions consisting in a sequence of choreographically staged performative acts meant to create a national community of grief in the face of what is framed as a socially meaningful loss."
Mazel
Mazel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eugène Mazel (1828–1890), French amateur botanist

Hélène Robert-Mazel (active 1832-1857), French composer, pianist, singer and teacher

Ilya Mazel (aka Ruvim Mazel, 1890–1967), Soviet painter

Isaak Mazel (1911–1945), Soviet chess master

Judy Mazel (1943–2007), American weight loss advocate and author of The Beverly Hills Diet

Leo Mazel (1907–2000), Soviet-Russian musicologist

Maurice Mazel, prominent Chicago surgeon who founded Edgewater Hospital

Olivier Mazel (1858–1940), French Army general during World War I

Zvi Mazel (born 1939), Israeli diplomat

Mazel can also refer to:

Luc Maezelle (born 1931), Belgian comic artist

Judy Mazel
Judy Mazel (December 20, 1943 – October 12, 2007) was an American weight loss advocate and the author of "The Beverly Hills Diet", which became a 1981 best seller and a nationwide diet craze. Judy Mazel was a devout practicing Jew and was raised in a conservative Ashkenazi Jewish home.
Matanzas Pass Preserve
Matanzas Pass Preserve is a 60-acre (24 ha) area of protected land in Lee County, Florida, located one mile south of Matanzas Pass Bridge off Estero Boulevard on Estero Island in Fort Myers Beach. The preserve has trails and a paddle craft landing. It is along the Great Calusa Blueway Paddling Trail.

Work to maintain the preserve is carried out by Friends of Matanzas Pass Preserve. The main entrance is on Bay Road behind Beach Elementary School, just beyond the Estero Island Historic Cottages.

Estero Island
Estero Island is an island located in Lee County, Florida, on the Gulf coast of Southwest Florida.  It is bordered by San Carlos Island to the north and Big Carlos Pass to the south.  The Matanzas Pass Bridge is on the northern end of the island and connects Estero Island over Matanzas Pass to San Carlos Island.  The Big Carlos Bridge (part of the Bonita Beach Causeway) connects the southern end of the island to Black Island (the northern limit of the city of Bonita Springs).
Kinyor
Kinyor is a surname of Kenyan origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Barnabas Kinyor (born 1961), Kenyan 400 metres hurdler

Job Koech Kinyor (born 1990), Kenyan middle-distance runner, son of Barnabas

Barnabas Kinyor
Barnabas Agui Kinyor (born 3 August 1961 in Nandi Hills) is a retired Kenyan athlete who specialized in the 400 metres hurdles.

He finished seventh at the 1990 Commonwealth Games, eighth at the 1993 World Championships and won the bronze medal at the 1994 Commonwealth Games. He also competed at the 1992 and 1996 Olympic Games as well as the 1995 World Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best time was 48.90 seconds, achieved in the heats of the 1992 Olympics.
Viscount
A viscount (/ˈvaɪkaʊnt/ ⓘ VY-kownt, for male) or viscountess (/ˈvaɪkaʊntɪs/ ⓘ, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. The status and any domain held by a viscount is a viscounty.

In the case of French viscounts, the title is sometimes left untranslated as vicomte [vi.kɔ̃t].

Earl Howe
Earl Howe is a title that has been created twice in British history, for members of the Howe and Curzon-Howe family respectively. 
The first creation, in the Peerage of Great Britain, was in 1788 for Richard Howe, 4th Viscount Howe, but it became extinct upon his death in 1799. The second creation, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, was in 1821 for Richard Curzon-Howe, 2nd Viscount Curzon, and it remains extant.