hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battlefield surveillance brigades in the United States Army
The battlefield surveillance brigade (BfSB) was a United States Army surveillance/reconnaissance formation introduced from 2006 to 2015. The United States Army planned for the creation and transformation of nine intelligence brigades to a 'battlefield surveillance' role in 2007. The first battlefield surveillance brigade was deployed the same year conducting Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations.

However, gathering information is only a part of the challenge it faces. Along with the structural changes and intelligence capabilities, the sustainment capabilities of the brigade also changed. The United States Army is currently reorganizing these BfSB formations into expeditionary military intelligence brigades. These brigades were designed to be self-sufficient Army modular forces.

Intelligence
Intelligence (/ˌɪntɛlɪˈdʒəns/) has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. It can be described as the ability to perceive or infer information and to retain it as knowledge to be applied to adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

The term rose to prominence during the early 1900s. Most psychologists believe that intelligence can be divided into various domains or competencies.

Intelligence has been long-studied in humans, and across numerous disciplines. It has also been observed in the cognition of non-human animals. Some researchers have suggested that plants exhibit forms of intelligence, though this remains controversial.
Demographics of Yukon
Yukon is the westernmost of Canada's three northern territories. Its capital is Whitehorse. People from Yukon are known as Yukoners (French: Yukonnais). Unlike in other Canadian provinces and territories, Statistics Canada uses the entire territory as a single at-large census division.

Population of Yukon: 40,232 (2021 Census)

Percentage of Canadian population : 0.10%

Population growth rate for 2007: +5.8%

Whitehorse
Whitehorse is the capital of Yukon, and the largest city in Northern Canada. It was incorporated in 1950 and is located at kilometre 1426 (Historic Mile 918) on the Alaska Highway in southern Yukon. Whitehorse's downtown and Riverdale areas occupy both shores of the Yukon River, which rises in British Columbia and meets the Bering Sea in Alaska. The city was named after the White Horse Rapids for their resemblance to the mane of a white horse.

Because of the city's location in the Whitehorse valley and relative proximity to the Pacific Ocean, the climate tends to be milder. At this latitude, winter days are short and summer days have up to about 19 hours of daylight.

As of the 2021 Canadian census, the population was 28,201 within city boundaries and 31,913 in the census agglomeration. These figures represent approximately 70 and 79 percent, respectively, of the total population of Yukon.
Alligator (film)
Alligator is a 1980 American independent horror film directed by Lewis Teague and written by John Sayles. It stars Robert Forster, Robin Riker and Michael V. Gazzo. It also includes an appearance by actress Sue Lyon in her last screen role. Set in Chicago, the film follows a police officer and a reptile expert who track an enormous, ravenous man-eating alligator flushed down the toilet years earlier, that is attacking residents after escaping from the city's sewers.

A direct-to-video sequel was released in 1991, entitled Alligator II: The Mutation. Despite the title, Alligator II shared no characters or actors with the original. A tabletop game based on Alligator was distributed by the Ideal Toy Company in 1980.

Ideal Toy Company
Ideal Toy Company was an American toy company founded by Morris Michtom and his wife, Rose. During the post–World War II baby boom era, Ideal became the largest doll-making company in the United States. Their most popular dolls included Betsy Wetsy, Toni, Saucy Walker, Shirley Temple, Miss Revlon, Patti Playpal, Tammy, Thumbelina, Tiny Thumbelina, and Crissy. The company is also known for selling the Rubik's Cube.
WAAI
WAAI (100.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. Its tower is in Hurlock, Maryland, but broadcasts emanate from its studios in Cambridge, Maryland.  It is owned by the Draper Holdings Business Trust, as part of a cluster with CBS/Fox affiliate WBOC-TV (channel 16), NBC affiliate WRDE-LD (channel 31), Telemundo affiliate WBOC-LD (channel 42), and sister radio stations WCEM-FM, WBOC-FM, and WTDK.

WRDE-LD
WRDE-LD (channel 31) is a low-power television station in Salisbury, Maryland, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by the Draper Holdings Business Trust alongside dual CBS and Fox affiliate WBOC-TV (channel 16), and low-power Cambridge-licensed Telemundo affiliate WBOC-LD (channel 42). WRDE-LD's news department is located on The Square in Milton, Delaware, though technical functions and most internal operations are based at WBOC-TV's studio on North Salisbury Boulevard in Salisbury. WRDE-LD's transmitter is located in Laurel, Delaware. WRDE-LD's programming is repeated on Salisbury-licensed WRUE-LD (channel 19), with transmitter near Pocomoke City, Maryland.
Harold Edgar Coyle
Harold Edgar Coyle, RIAI (31 January 1882 – 19 January 1961) was an Irish architect of Dún Laoghaire and Dublin and pupil or assistant of Sir Thomas Drew, for whom he supervised the execution in 1911 of the brass memorial tablet in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin by the firm of Sharpe & Emery.

Born in County Dublin, he was the youngest son of Benjamin Coyle of Derrymore, Dalkey. He moved to England around 1925. He was a member of the AAI from 1903 to 1913; Royal Institute of Architects in Ireland from 1919 to 1929, 1940–1946.

Architectural Association of Ireland
The Architectural Association of Ireland is an organisation dedicated to architecture in Ireland. It is not a professional accredited organisation but is open to all. Its activities include the organisation of a public lecture series, an annual architectural awards scheme, site visits, and exhibitions. It also produces publications, including the Building Material journal.
Copthorne Hundred
Copthorne was a hundred of Surrey, England, an area above the level of the parishes and manors, where the local wise, wealthy and powerful met periodically in Anglo-Saxon England for strategic purposes.  After the Norman Conquest the lords of the manor took to annual hundred meetings and their status became eroded by royal-approved transactions of land, as meanwhile the manorial courts and moreover royal courts seized jurisdiction over the Hundred Courts.

The name Copthorne may derive from a pollarded thorn tree at the place where the hundred met. The meeting point has been suggested to be marked by an earthwork and ancient hedge at the southern end of Woodcote Park, Epsom, close to Langley Vale. The earthwork is denoted as the Nutshambles on a map of Ashtead dating from 1638.

Victoria County History
The Victoria History of the Counties of England, commonly known as the Victoria County History  (VCH), is an English history project which began in 1899 with the aim of creating an encyclopaedic history of each of the historic counties of England, and was dedicated to Queen Victoria. In 2012 the project was rededicated to Queen Elizabeth II in celebration of her Diamond Jubilee year.: 7  Since 1933 the project has been coordinated by the Institute of Historical Research in the University of London.
Frank Kingsley Norris
Major General Sir Frank Kingsley Norris, KBE, CB, DSO, ED (25 June 1893 – 1 May 1984), commonly referred to as F. Kingsley Norris, was an Australian military officer and physician. Norris served in both the First World War and Second World War.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
2018 Fergana Challenger – Men's doubles
Sriram Balaji and Vishnu Vardhan were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Ivan Gakhov and Alexander Pavlioutchenkov won the title after defeating Saketh Myneni and Vijay Sundar Prashanth 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Vishnu Vardhan
Vishnu Vardhan (born 27 July 1987), also known as J. Vishnuvardhan, is an Indian professional tennis player. He won bronze medal in men's doubles at 2010 Asian games in Guangzhou, China. He paired-up with and Sania Mirza for mixed doubles and won silver medal at the same event. He was featured as ITF player of April 2011. He won the national singles title for the fourth time by winning the Men's final of Fenesta Open tennis Championship on 8 October 2016
Christopher Williams (rugby union)
Christopher Gareth Williams (born 21 December 1950) is an English former rugby union international.

Williams, born in Pontypridd, Wales, moved to England aged seven. His father was Pontypridd RFC rugby player Gareth Williams, a teacher by profession. He attended Magdalen College School, Oxford and Lydney Grammar School.

A fly-half, Williams played his early rugby for the Lydney and Headingley clubs, the latter while stationed in Catterick with the RAF. He joined Gloucester in 1975 and the following year gained his solitary England cap against France at Parc des Princes, replacing Alan Old for the final Five Nations fixture. France won the match, but he set up England's only try.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
Bichura, Republic of Buryatia
Bichura (Russian: Бичура́, Buryat: Бэшүүр, Beshüür) is a rural locality (selo) and the administrative center of Bichursky District of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. Population:  9,145 (2010 Census); 9,737 (2002 Census); 11,156 (1989 Soviet census).

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Central Thailand
Central Thailand (also known as Siam, Siam proper or Dvaravati) is one of the regions of Thailand, covering the broad alluvial plain of the Chao Phraya River. Located in the central plains, it is separated from northeast Thailand (Isan) by the Phetchabun mountain range. The Tenasserim Hills separate it from Myanmar to the west. In the north it is bounded by the Phi Pan Nam Range, one of the hilly systems of northern Thailand. The area was the heartland of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (at times referred to as Siam) and is still the dominant area of Thailand since it contains the world's most primate city, Bangkok.

Sing Buri province
Sing Buri (Thai: สิงห์บุรี, pronounced [sǐŋ būrīː]) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Nakhon Sawan, Lopburi, Ang Thong, Suphan Buri, and Chai Nat.

According to the Ayutthaya Testimonies, the province center, Sing Buri, was founded by the Siamese monarch Anuraja in the early 12th century, who established it as the new capital of the Phraek Si Racha region, thereby superseding Chai Nat as the administrative center of the polity.: 43
Joanne Lemieux
M. Joanne Lemieux is a Canadian scientist who is a Professor of Structural Biology at the University of Alberta. She studies the structures of membrane proteins that are critical to disease in an effort to identify novel therapeutic strategies. During the COVID-19 pandemic Lemieux worked to develop an antiviral drug that could protect people from coronavirus disease.

Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. They should be distinguished from virucides, which are not medication but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. Natural virucides are produced by some plants such as eucalyptus and Australian tea trees.
Thullur mandal
Thullur mandal is one of the 18 mandals in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Guntur Revenue Division and the headquarters are located at Thullur. The mandal is situated on the banks of Krishna River, bounded by Amaravathi, Tadikonda, Tadepalle and Mangalagiri mandals. The mandal is also a part of the new capital city of Andhra Pradesh to be developed. 18 villages from the mandal fall under the jurisdiction of Andhra Pradesh Capital City.

Guntur revenue division
Guntur revenue division is an administrative division in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises 10 mandals and is one of the two revenue divisions in the district, along with Tenali. Guntur serves as the headquarters of the division.
Uznański
Uznański is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandra Uznańska-Wiśniewska (born 1994), Polish politician

Czesław Uznański (1930–2014), Polish footballer

Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski (born 1984), Polish engineer

Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski
Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈswa.vɔʂ uzˈnaɲ.ski viɕˈɲɛf.ski]; né Uznański; born 12 April 1984) is a Polish astronaut and engineer working at the European Space Agency (ESA), formerly employed at CERN. In June 2025, he became the second Polish national to go to space, marking the country's return to crewed spaceflight after nearly 47 years and its first mission aboard the International Space Station. He was the 701st person in space and the 635th person to reach orbital flight.
Silvan Schwager
Silvan Schwager (born 1946) is a Swiss former footballer who played in the 1960s. He played as midfielder but also as defender.

Schwager joined FC Basel's first team for their 1965–66 season under player-manager Helmut Benthaus. After playing in one test game against local club Concordia Basel, Schwager played his domestic league debut for the club in the away game on 26 September 1965 as Basel lost 0–1 against Sion.

Schwager played this one season for Basel and a total of 15 games without scoring a goal. Seven of these games were in the Nationalliga A, two in the european competitions (Cup of the Alps and Inter-Cities Fairs Cup) and six were friendly games.

He then moved on and played two seasons for FC St. Gallen and at least another two seasons for FC Thun

FC St. Gallen
Fussballclub St. Gallen 1879, commonly known as St. Gallen, is a Swiss professional football club based in the city of St. Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen. It is the second oldest football club in continental Europe, after Kjøbenhavns Boldklub. The team competes in the Swiss Super League, the top tier of Swiss football.
Natori, Miyagi
Natori (名取市, Natori-shi) is a city located in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2020, the city had an estimated population of 79,459 in 31,748 households, and a population density of 810 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 98.17 square kilometres (37.90 sq mi).

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Mowhaugh
Mowhaugh is a hamlet and farm steading near the Calroust Burn and the Bowmont Water, near Morebattle, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, and in the former Roxburghshire. It is situated about 5 miles (8 km) from the Anglo-Scottish Border.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfate sulfotransferase
In enzymology, an UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfate sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate  adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4,6-bissulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate, whereas its two products are adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4,6-bissulfate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-4-sulfate 6-sulfotransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate sulfotransferase, uridine diphospho-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate sulfotransferase, and uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate sulfotransferase.

3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate
3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that is phosphorylated at the 3′ position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5′ phosphate.  It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways. It is endogenously synthesized by organisms via the phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS), an intermediary metabolite. In humans such reaction is performed by bifunctional 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthases (PAPSS1 and PAPSS2) using ATP as the phosphate donor.
Bábolna
Bábolna is a town in Komárom-Esztergom county, Hungary.

Bábolna houses a riding school, Pettko-Szandtner Tibor Lovas Szakiskola es Kollegium Archived 2021-06-16 at the Wayback Machine and a stud farm.

Komárom-Esztergom County
Komárom-Esztergom (Hungarian: Komárom-Esztergom vármegye, pronounced [ˈkomaːrom ˈɛstɛrɡom]; German: Burgkomitat Komorn-Gran;  Slovak: Komárňansko-ostrihomská župa) is an administrative Hungarian county in Central Transdanubia Region; its shares its northern border the Danube with Slovakia. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties of Győr-Moson-Sopron, Veszprém, Fejér and Pest and the Slovakian Nitra Region (Nové Zámky District, Komárno District). Its county seat is Tatabánya.
Freshmoor
Freshmoor (grid reference ST280125) is an 11.2 hectare (27.7 acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Somerset, notified in 1989.

Freshmoor is one of the few remaining areas of unimproved wet acid-grassland and mire on the Blackdown Hills.

Blackdown Hills
The Blackdown Hills, or Blackdowns, are a range of hills along the Somerset–Devon border in south-western England. The plateau is dominated by hard chert bands of Upper Greensand with some remnants of chalk, and is cut through by river valleys.

The Blackdown Hills were designated in 1991 as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). In November 2023, AONBs became National Landscapes. The hills support an extensive range of wildlife leading to the designation of 16 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs).

There is evidence of human occupation since the Iron Age. Fortifications include the remains of ancient hill forts, Norman motte-and-bailey castles and Second World War airfields. There are also religious buildings such as Dunkeswell Abbey and village churches. The hills are crossed by a network of minor roads, and major transport routes including the M5 motorway run around the periphery.
Coronet Films
Coronet Films (also known as Coronet Instructional Media Inc.) was an American producer and distributor of documentary shorts shown in public schools, mostly in the 16mm format, from the 1940s through the 1980s (when the videocassette recorder replaced the motion picture projector as the key audio-visual aid). The company, whose library is owned and distributed by the Phoenix Learning Group, Inc., covered a wide range of subjects in zoology, science, geography, history and math, but is mostly remembered today for its post-World War II social-guidance films featuring topics such as dating, family life, courtesy and citizenship.

Videocassette recorder
A videocassette recorder (VCR) or video recorder is an electromechanical device that records analog audio and analog video from broadcast television or other AV sources and can play back the recording after rewinding. The use of a VCR to record a television program to play back at a more convenient time is commonly referred to as time shifting. VCRs can also play back prerecorded tapes, which were widely available for purchase and rental starting in the 80s and 90s, most popularly in the VHS videocassette format. Blank tapes were sold to make recordings.

VCRs declined in popularity during the 2000s and in 2016, Funai Electric, the last remaining manufacturer, ceased production.