hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hou Andu
Hou Andu (Chinese: 侯安都; pinyin: Hóu Āndū; Cantonese Yale: Hau4 On1 Dou1) (520 – 6 July 563), courtesy name Chengshi (成師), was a Chen dynasty general, whose military accomplishments under Emperor Wu and Emperor Wen made him one of the most powerful individuals in the state, but whose arrogance and rudeness raised suspicions from Emperor Wen, and Emperor Wen arrested him and forced him to commit suicide.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Pacific Destiny
Pacific Destiny is a 1956 British drama film directed by Wolf Rilla and starring Denholm Elliott, Susan Stephen and Michael Hordern. It was written by Richard Mason and Jack Lee based on the 1952 memoir A Pattern of Islands by Sir Arthur Grimble recounting his time in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands as a cadet officer and Resident Commissioner in the 1920s.

The screenplay concerns a young British couple who win the respect of the inhabitants of a South Pacific island during the colonial era.

Film credits show Samoa as the filming location.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean was part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976. It was a protectorate from 1892 to 12 January 1916, and then a colony until 1 January 1976, and was administered as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT) until it became independent as two separate states. The history of GEIC was mainly characterized by phosphate mining on Ocean Island. In October 1975, these islands were divided by force of law into two separate colonies, and they became independent nations shortly thereafter: the Ellice Islands became Tuvalu in 1978, and the Gilbert Islands with Banaba (Ocean Island) became part of Kiribati in 1979.
Wymysłów, Gmina Kije
Wymysłów [vɨˈmɨswuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kije, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Kije, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Pińczów, and 29 km (18 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Pińczów
Pińczów pronounced [ˈpʲiɲt͡ʂuf] is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 40 km (25 mi) south of Kielce. It is the capital of Pińczów County. The population is 10,946 (2018). Pińczów belongs to the historical region of Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska) and lies in the valley of the river Nida.
Ad-Dhuha
Ad-Ḍuḥā (Arabic: الضحى, "The Morning Hours", "Morning Bright", "The Early Hours") is the ninety-third chapter (surah) of the Qur'an,  with 11 āyat or verses. Qur'an 93 takes its name from Arabic its opening word, al-ḍuḥā, "the morning".

The chapter begins with oaths. It is often coupled with sura al-Inshirah, sometimes without the basmala between them.

It should be taken into consideration that according to many narrations, it is said that surah Ad -Dhuha and surah Al-Inshirah are one surah and should be recited in prayers (salah) together. One can also see the close relation between the subject matter of both the surahs.

Oath
Traditionally, an oath (from Anglo-Saxon āþ, also a plight) is a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who object to making sacred oaths is to give an affirmation instead. Nowadays, even when there is no notion of sanctity involved, certain promises said out loud in ceremonial or juridical purpose are referred to as oaths. "To swear" is a verb used to describe the taking of an oath; to make a solemn vow.
Paul Grimley
Paul Grimley is the former manager of the Gaelic football team Armagh county.

Grimley arrived at Armagh as Paddy O'Rourke's assistant, and remained in the role for a year before becoming manager following O'Rourke's resignation in July 2012. After two years in the role, Grimley resigned as Armagh's manager on August 13, 2014, replaced by his former boss from Kildare, Kieran McGeeney.

In an 'unprecedented' move, Grimley issued a public apology statement to the fans forum on the Armagh's GAA's official website in 2013, following a four-point defeat to Cavan county in the Ulster championship.

Grimley was involved in management for 13 years. He had previously served as assistant to Kieran McGeeney after McGeeney was appointed manager of the Kildare county team in 2007.

Grimley criticised the media's 'witch hunt' for Gaelic football player Tiernan Kelly over an eye-gouging incident in the All-Ireland quarter-final between Armagh and Galway in June 2022.

Eye-gouging (Gaelic football)
Eye-gouging is a serious offence in Gaelic games where a player uses hands or fingers to inflict pain in an opponent's eyes. Such incidents are usually referred to as "eye-gouging" among players and in the media.
Saju Chackalackal
Saju Chackalackal (born 15 March 1965) is an Indian author and professor of Philosophy at Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram Bangalore. He is also a Catholic religious priest of the Carmelites of Mary Immaculate Congregation. He is a Kantian scholar who obtained a PhD from Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas Rome. He was the former chief editor of the Journal of Dharma. He has authored many books and articles. He was instrumental in preparing a number of course materials for Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi. He was elected as the Provincial of CMI Preshitha Province, Coimbatore. He continues the title for the second term too.

Journal of Dharma
The Journal of Dharma is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering discussion and debates on philosophies and religions. It was established in 1975 and is published by Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram. The editor-in-chief is Dr. Mathew Attumkal (Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram).  Besides regular articles, the journal also includes book reviews of recently released books in philosophy and religion.
Lipůvka
Lipůvka is a municipality and village in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,500 inhabitants.

Lipůvka lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Blansko, 17 km (11 mi) north of Brno, and 175 km (109 mi) south-east of Prague.

Blansko
Blansko (Czech pronunciation: [ˈblansko]; German: Blanz) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Svitava River on the border of the Moravian Karst. It is mainly an industrial town.
Frank Jenkins (musician)
Frank Jenkins (1888–1945) was an American banjo and fiddle player.

He was born in 1888 in Dobson, North Carolina. Jenkins earned his living working on farms and in sawmills.

Jenkins was known for his skill as a 3-finger style banjo player, but he was also an accomplished fiddle player, winning prizes at many fiddle contests.

Jenkins played banjo in the band Da Costa Woltz's Southern Broadcasters in the 1920s.  He later formed his own band, the Pilot Mountaineers, in which he played fiddle, his son Oscar played banjo, and Pop Stoneman played guitar.

Scruggs style
Scruggs style is the most common style of playing the banjo in bluegrass music. It is a fingerpicking method, also known as three-finger style. It is named after Earl Scruggs, whose innovative approach and technical mastery of the instrument have influenced generations of bluegrass banjoists ever since he was first recorded in 1946. It contrasts with earlier styles such as minstrel, classic, or parlor style (a late 19th-century finger-style played without picks), clawhammer/frailing/two-finger style (played with thumb and nail of the first or middle finger), jazz styles played with a plectrum, and more modern styles such as Keith/melodic/chromatic/arpa style and single-string/Reno style. The influence of Scruggs is so pervasive that even bluegrass players such as Bill Keith and Don Reno, who are credited with developing these latter styles, typically work out of the Scruggs style much of the time.
Kallin
Kallin is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Anna Kristina Kallin (1953–2004), Swedish singer and actor

Catherine Kallin, Canadian physicist

Cecilia Kallin (born 1991), Swedish pop musician

Eva Kallin, American mathematician

Patrik Kallin (born 1979), Swedish wheelchair curler

Catherine Kallin
Catherine Kallin is a Canadian theoretical quantum condensed matter physicist whose research topics have included spin wave theory, the quantum Hall effect, frustrated antiferromagnets, chirality in superconductors, and high-temperature superconductivity. She is a professor emerita of physics and astronomy at McMaster University.
The Spanish Revolution, 1931–1939 (Trotsky book)
The Spanish Revolution, 1931–1939 is a collection of Leon Trotsky's writings about the Spanish Civil War.

Throughout this period, Trotsky asserted there was an urgent need for a mass revolutionary party, sharply criticised the conciliatory actions of the POUM faction such as abandoning the Left Opposition program, the intrigues of the Stalinist Comintern in suppressing the left-wing forces and facilitating the ascent of fascist Spain.

In his observations and analysis, Trotsky proposed a number of actions including the temporary entry of sections of the International Left Opposition into the Socialist parties, united front with left-wing parties including the CNT and anarchist groups along with the formation of workers councils.

Entryism
Entryism (also called entrism, enterism, infiltration, a French Turn, boring from within, or boring-from-within) is a political strategy in which an organization or state encourages its members or supporters to join another, usually larger, organization in an attempt to expand influence and expand their ideas and program. If the organization being "entered" is hostile to entryism, the entryists may engage in a degree of subterfuge and subversion to hide the fact that they are an organization in their own right.
Long Range dikes
The Long Range dikes are a Neoproterozoic mafic dike swarm of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It consists of a large igneous province with an area of 105,000 km2 (41,000 sq mi) that was constructed about 620 million years ago when Laurentia broke-up from Baltica. Its formation might have occurred when the ancient Iapetus Ocean began to open.

Long Range is the oldest of a series of magmatic events that occurred along the eastern margin of Laurentia 620–560 Ma, before the opening of the Iapetus Ocean.  It can be linked to magmatism in Baltica, the basaltic dike swarm in Egersund, Norway, and Baltoscandian swarms.  It was followed by the 590 Ma Grenville-Adirondack swarm, Upstate New York, associated with separation from Amazonia and the 563 Ma Sept Îles, Quebec, layered intrusions (coeval with the Catoctin large igneous province) associated with the break-up of the Dashwoods microcontinent of West Newfoundland.

Magmatism
Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks. It does so through magmatic activity or igneous activity,  the production, intrusion and extrusion of magma or lava. Volcanism is the surface expression of magmatism.

Magmatism is one of the main processes responsible for mountain formation. The nature of magmatism depends on the tectonic setting. For example, andesitic magmatism is associated with the formation of  island arcs at convergent plate boundaries while basaltic magmatism is found at mid-ocean ridges during sea-floor spreading at divergent plate boundaries.

On Earth, magma forms by partial melting of silicate rocks either in the mantle, continental or oceanic crust. Evidence for magmatic activity is usually found in the form of igneous rocks formed from magma.
2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group C
Group C of the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification tournament was one of the twelve groups to decide the teams which qualified for the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations finals tournament. The group consisted of four teams: Mali, Gabon, Burundi, and South Sudan (winners of the preliminary round).

The teams played against each other in home-and-away round-robin format between June 2017 and March 2019.

Mali and Burundi, the group winners and runners-up respectively, qualified for the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations.

Burundi national football team
The Burundi national football team (Kirundi: Umurwi nserukira gihugu w'umupira w'amaguru w'u Burundi), nicknamed The Swallows (French: Les Hirondelles; Kirundi: Intamba m'Urugamba), represents Burundi in international football and is controlled by the Football Federation of Burundi. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup. Burundi previously did come very close to qualifying for the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations, losing only on penalties to Guinea in a playoff. However, in 2019, it qualified for the first time in a major tournament, and took part in the Africa Cup of Nations finals in Group B, but lost all its matches and left from the group stage without scoring a single goal.
The Dagenites
The Dagenites were an American garage rock a band from Oxon Hill, Maryland near Washington, DC, who were active in the 1960s.  They shared management and frequent billing with noted guitarist and performer Link Wray.  In recent years their work has become highly regarded amongst garage rock enthusiasts and collectors and has been included on several compilations.  The Dagenites are especially known for their proto-punk anthems, "I Don't Want to Try it Again" and "I'm Gone Slide", both of which have been mentioned as garage rock classics.

Proto-punk
Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

The tendency towards aggressive, raw, simplistic rock songs is a trend rooted in the earliest forms of rock and roll. The American garage rock movement of the mid-1960s is a key influence in the development of punk rock. By the late 1960s, Detroit bands the Stooges and MC5 had taken the influence of garage groups to form a distinct prototypical punk sound. In the following years, this sound spread both domestically and internationally,  alongside glam rock and pub rock, into several regional early underground punk scenes in New York, Ohio, Australia and England.
Queen Sinŭi
Queen Sinŭi (Korean: 신의왕후 한씨; Hanja: 神懿王后 韓氏; 6 October 1337 – 25 November 1391), of the Cheongju Han clan, was the first wife of Yi Sŏnggye (future King Taejo of Joseon). She was the mother of King Jeongjong and King Taejong.

She was firstly given the title of Consort Chŏl (절비; 節妃) in 1393. After her second son (Yi Bang-gwa) became king, she was posthumously honored as Queen Sinŭi (신의왕후; 神懿王后). In 1899, after the founding of the Korean Empire, she was elevated as Sinŭi, the Dignified Empress (신의고황후; 神懿高皇后).

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
Spilarctia hampsoni
Spilarctia hampsoni is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by James John Joicey and George Talbot in 1916. It is found in Papua (Anggi Lakes, Bidogai, Langda, Mokndoma, Pass Valley) and Papua New Guinea (Mount Hagen).

George Talbot (entomologist)
George Talbot FES (26 October 1882 – 13 April 1952) was an English entomologist who specialised in butterflies. He wrote about 150 scientific papers, the majority being primarily systematic, consisting of the description of new species or the revision of various genera. He was also responsible for the curation and preservation of the Joicey collection of Lepidoptera prior to its accession by the Natural History Museum.
Andrew Anderson (riverboat skipper)
Andrew Anderson (17 October 1895 – 16 August 1958) was a New Zealand riverboat skipper on the Whanganui River. Of Māori descent, he identified with Ngāti Kura, a hapū of the Ngāti Ruanui iwi. He was born in Pipiriki, New Zealand on 17 October 1895.

Ngāti Ruanui
Ngāti Ruanui is a Māori iwi traditionally based in the Taranaki region of New Zealand. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi. However, most members now live outside the traditional areas of the iwi.
Leo Hilokoski
Leo Hilokoski (1941 – February 2026) was a Finnish bowler. Hilokoski was the world champion in team bowling in 1975 and European champion in 1973. He won the personal Finnish Championship in 1978. Hilokoski also played golf. He made three holes-in-one.

Hole in one
In golf, a hole in one or hole-in-one (pl.: holes-in-one/holes in one) (also known as an ace, mostly in American English)  occurs when a ball hit from a tee to start a hole finishes in the cup. Holes-in-one most commonly occur on par 3 holes, the shortest distance holes on a standard size golf course. Longer hitters have also accomplished this feat on longer holes, though nearly all par 4 and par 5 holes are too long for golfers to reach in a single shot. While well known outside golf and often requiring a well hit shot and significant power, holes in one need also a significant element of luck. As of January 2021, a condor (four under par) hole-in-one on a par 5 hole had been recorded on five occasions.
Mayes Airport
Mayes Airport (FAA LID: 47G) was a privately owned, public use airport located four nautical miles (7 km) north-northwest of the central business district of Carson City, in Montcalm County, Michigan, United States. Although an exact date is not known, it is believed the airport closed sometime in 2008.

Montcalm County, Michigan
Montcalm County (/ˈmɒntkɔːlm/ MONT-kawlm) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 66,614. The county is geographically located in the West Michigan region of the Lower Peninsula. The county seat is Stanton, and the largest city is Greenville. The county is named for General Marquis Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, military commander of French troops during the French and Indian War. The county was set off in 1831 and organized in 1850.

Montcalm County is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area.
Pihlaja
Pihlaja (Finnish for "rowan"), also called kettukarkki ("fox candy") is a marmalade candy produced by the Finnish food corporation Fazer. Fazer started producing the candy in 1895 at the patisserie on Kluuvikatu, Helsinki, making it the oldest candy produced by Fazer still on the market. The candy's recipe has changed over time. The candies are wrapped in a yellow-red paper with a red illustration of a fox. Pihlaja is lactose free and mostly gluten free (less than 0.02% gluten).

The candy originally contained Sorbus aucuparia berries, but due to poor availability the recipe now only contains artificial flavors. Until 1982 the candy was known as "Pihlajanmarja" (rowan berry). The candy is produced in a factory in Lappeenranta.

Lactose
Lactose is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C12H22O11. Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lac (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars. The compound is a white, water-soluble, non-hygroscopic solid with a mildly sweet taste. It is used in the food industry.
Partition function (quantum field theory)
In quantum field theory, partition functions are generating functionals for correlation functions, making them key objects of study in the path integral formalism. They are the imaginary time versions of statistical mechanics partition functions, giving rise to a close connection between these two areas of physics. Partition functions can rarely be solved for exactly, although free theories do admit such solutions. Instead, a perturbative approach is usually implemented, this being equivalent to summing over Feynman diagrams.

Imaginary time
Imaginary time is a mathematical representation of time that appears in some approaches to special relativity and quantum mechanics. It finds uses in certain cosmological theories.

Mathematically, imaginary time is real time which has undergone a Wick rotation so that its coordinates are multiplied by the imaginary unit i. Imaginary time is not imaginary in the sense that it is unreal or made-up; it is simply expressed in terms of imaginary numbers.
Anarsia spartiella
Anarsia spartiella, the Wanstead grey, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe.

The wingspan is 12–15 mm.
The forewings are grey-whitish, finely irrorated with fuscous, often with some black scales, occasionally much suffused with dark fuscous; several short oblique dark fuscous costal marks, one in middle largest; stigmata sometimes indicated by black dashes; often a black terminal spot below apex. Hindwings are light grey. The larva is dark brown; head and plate of 2 black

Adults are on wing from June to August.

The larvae feed on Ulex and Cytisus species, as well as Genista tinctoria. They spin the shoots of their host plant and feed within.

Genista tinctoria
Genista tinctoria, the dyer's greenweed or dyer's broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. Its other common names include dyer's whin, waxen woad and waxen wood. The Latin specific epithet tinctoria means "used as a dye".
IAccessible2
IAccessible2 is an accessibility API for Microsoft Windows applications. Initially developed by IBM under the codename Project Missouri, IAccessible2 has been placed under the aegis of the Free Standards Group, now part of the Linux Foundation. It has been positioned as an alternative to Microsoft's new UI Automation API.

While UI Automation is trumpeted as "royalty-free", IAccessible2 claims to be an "open standard".

Free Standards Group
The Free Standards Group was an industry non-profit consortium chartered to primarily specify and drive the adoption of open source standards, founded on May 8, 2000.

All standards developed by the Free Standards Group (FSG) were released under open terms (the GNU Free Documentation License with no cover texts or invariant sections) and test suites, sample implementations and other software were released as free software.

On January 22, 2007, the Free Standards Group and the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) merged to form The Linux Foundation, narrowing their focus to promoting Linux in competition with Microsoft Windows.