hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2022 Six Nations Under 20s Championship is the 15th Six Nations Under 20s Championship, the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship contested by the under-20 national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England were the defending champions, having completed a Grand Slam in the previous tournament. Ireland won the tournament for the fourth time and due to winning all five of their matches, a third Grand Slam.

Grand Slam (rugby union)
In rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship (or its Five Nations predecessor) beats all the others during one year's competition.  This has been achieved 42 times in total, for the first time by Wales in 1908, and most recently by the Irish team in 2023. The team with the most Grand Slams is England with 13.
It can also apply to the U20 and Women's Six Nations Championships.

In another context, a Grand Slam tour refers to a touring side – South Africa, Australia or New Zealand – which plays fixtures against all four home nations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) during their tour. If the tourists win all of those matches, they are said to have achieved a Grand Slam. This has been done nine times, first by South Africa in 1912–13, and most recently by New Zealand in 2010.
Tales of the New West
Tales of the New West is the debut album by the American band the Beat Farmers, released in 1985. The band signed a one-album deal with Rhino Records. The album peaked at No. 186 on the Billboard 200. It had sold more than 40,000 copies by the end of 1985. An expanded edition of Tales of the New West was reissued in 2004.

The Beat Farmers dismissed the "cowpunk" label, noting their blues, folk, and roadhouse rock influences.

Cowpunk
Cowpunk (or country punk) is a subgenre of country music and punk rock that began in the United Kingdom and Southern California in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It combines punk rock or new wave with country, folk, and blues in its sound, lyrical subject matter, attitude, and style. Examples include Social Distortion, the Gun Club, the Long Ryders, Dash Rip Rock, Violent Femmes, the Blasters, Mojo Nixon, Meat Puppets, the Beat Farmers, Rubber Rodeo, Rank and File, and Jason and the Scorchers. Many of the musicians in this scene subsequently became associated with alternative country, roots rock or Americana.
Glycoside hydrolase family 73
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 73 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 73 CAZY GH_73 includes peptidoglycan hydrolases with endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase specificity. Members of this family include mannosyl-glycoprotein endo-beta-N-acetylglucosamidase EC 3.2.1.96 and flagellar protein J (flgJ), which has been shown to hydrolyse peptidoglycan.

Glycosidic bond
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside.

The term 'glycoside' is now extended to also cover compounds with bonds formed between hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups of sugars and several chemical groups other than hydroxyls, such as -SR (thioglycosides), -SeR (selenoglycosides), -NR1R2 (N-glycosides), or even -CR1R2R3 (C-glycosides).

Particularly in naturally occurring glycosides, the compound ROH from which the carbohydrate residue has been removed is often termed the aglycone, and the carbohydrate residue itself is sometimes referred to as the 'glycone'.
Traffic collision reconstruction
Traffic collision reconstruction is the process of investigating, analyzing, and drawing conclusions about the causes and events during a vehicle collision. Reconstructionists conduct collision analysis and reconstruction to identify the cause of a collision and contributing factors including the role of the driver(s), vehicle(s), roadway and general environment. Physics and engineering principles are the basis for these analyses and may involve the use of software for calculations and simulations. Collision reconstruction is sometimes used as the basis of expert witness testimony at trials. Collision reconstructions are performed in cases involving fatalities or personal injury. Results from collision reconstructions are also sometimes used for making roads and highways safer, as well as improving safety aspects of motor vehicle designs. Reconstructions are typically conducted by forensic engineers, specialized units in law enforcement agencies, or private consultants.

Personal injury
Personal injury is a legal term for an injury to the body, mind, or emotions, as opposed to an injury to property. In common law jurisdictions the term is most commonly used to refer to a type of tort lawsuit in which the person bringing the suit (the plaintiff in American jurisdictions or claimant in English law) has suffered harm to their body or mind. Personal injury lawsuits are filed against the person or entity that caused the harm through negligence, gross negligence, reckless conduct, or intentional misconduct, and in some cases on the basis of strict liability. Different jurisdictions describe the damages (or, the things for which the injured person may be compensated) in different ways, but damages typically include the injured person's medical bills, pain and suffering, and diminished quality of life.
Maaqwi
Maaqwi is an extinct genus of large marine diving bird from the Late Cretaceous (Northumberland Formation, latest Campanian) of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada. The genus name Maaqwi comes from the Coast Salish "ma'aqwi" meaning "water bird," and the specific epithet cascadensis reflects the fossil's origin from the Cascadia region of Western North America. The genus is known from a single specimen, RBCM.EH2008.011.01120. It consists of a coracoid, humerus, ulna, and radius in a nodule of mudstone. The specimen is housed in the Royal British Columbia Museum. Maaqwi had an estimated body mass of 1.5 kg (3.3 lb). It was described as a vegaviid, although the German paleontologist Gerald Mayr suggested that the coracoid more closely resembles that of the Procellariiformes. While some studies continue to treat it as a vegaviid, others note that the phylogenetic analyses by McLachlan, Kaiser and Longrich (2017) are more appropriate to analyze stem birds than neornithines.

Northumberland Formation
The Northumberland Formation is a Late Cretaceous (?Campanian-?Maastrichtian)-aged geologic formation in Canada. It belongs to the larger Nanaimo Group. Indeterminate bird and pterosaur fossils have been recovered from the formation, as well as a potential gladius of Eromangateuthis. An extensive diversity of shark teeth is known from the formation; many appear to be closely allied with modern deep-water shark taxa, suggesting a deep-water environment for the formation. The most well-known exposures of the formation are on Hornby Island.
National anthem of Manchukuo
The National anthem of Manchukuo was one of the many national symbols of independence and sovereignty created to foster a sense of legitimacy for Manchukuo in both an effort to secure international diplomatic recognition and to foster a sense of nationalism among its inhabitants.

During Manchukuo's 13-year existence, two national anthems were used.

The National anthem of Manchukuo was widely taught in schools and used in ceremonies in Manchukuo.

Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a dependent territory or colony. The commemoration of the independence day of a country or nation celebrates when a country is free from all forms of colonialism; free to build a country or nation without any interference from other nations.
KTRU-LP
KTRU-LP (stylized as ktru) is the college radio station of Rice University, a private university in south-central Houston, Texas, United States.

KTRU-LP broadcasts a freeform-eclectic music format on 96.1 FM; its programming includes modern classical, reggae, indie rock, chopped and screwed, spoken word and local experimental noise bands.  During evening hours, the station broadcasts shows geared to particular musical genres and themes. The station is owned by the university, which maintains an FM transmitter atop Rice Stadium, and is managed by its students.

The current KTRU-LP license dates to 2015, but Rice's first foray into FM radio began in 1971, and radio at the university has a history dating to 1967.

Timeline of audio formats
An audio format is a medium for sound recording and reproduction. The term is applied to both the physical recording media and the recording formats of the audio content—in computer science it is often limited to the audio file format, but its wider use usually refers to the physical method used to store the data. Note on the use of analog compared to digital in this list; the definition of digital used here for early formats is that which is represented using discrete values rather than fluctuating variables. A piano roll is digital as it has discrete values, that being a hole for each key, unlike a phonograph record which is analog with a fluctuating groove.

Music is recorded and distributed using a variety of audio formats, some of which store additional information.
Majornas IK
Majornas IK is a Swedish sport club from Gothenburg founded in 1916. The club is most famous for its handball team, who have been Swedish champions seven times (1935, 1940, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945 and 1946). Until 1964 they had played all seasons excluding one in the top flight, but have not played there since. They currently play in Division 4, the 6th level.

When the club started, it was mainly concentrated on association football, but the football section was discontinued in 2006 because of a lack of players. In 1928, the club took part in the creation of the Gothenburg district federation for bandy.

Handbollsligan
Handbollsligan (literally, "The Handball league") is the highest league in the league system of Swedish handball, and comprises the top 14 Swedish handball teams. The first season began in 1931–32. The season ends with a playoff.
R497 road (Ireland)
The R497 road is a regional road in Ireland which runs north-south from Nenagh, County Tipperary to the N24 in Tipperary Town.

The entire route is in County Tipperary and is 57 km (35 mi) long. Part of the road is known as the Anglesey Road, named after the Marquis of Anglesey who gave orders to have it built.

Just north of the village of Hollyford the road passes through Anglesey Road special area of conservation (site reference code 002125), a small site containing a variety of habitats and species found in unimproved upland grassland within the steep valley of the Multeen, a tributary of the River Suir. The main threat to the site is agricultural improvement and afforestation.

Marquess of Anglesey
Marquess of Anglesey is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1815 for Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge, a hero of the Battle of Waterloo, second in command to the Duke of Wellington. The Marquess holds the subsidiary titles of Earl of Uxbridge, in the County of Middlesex, in the Peerage of Great Britain (1784), Baron Paget, de Beaudesert, in the Peerage of England (1553). He is also an Irish Baronet, of Plas Newydd in the County of Anglesey and of Mount Bagenall in the County of Louth.

The 8th Marquess carried the standard of Wales at the 2023 Coronation.

The family seat now is Plas Newydd, at Llanddaniel Fab, Anglesey. Most recent marquesses are buried at St Edwen's Church, Llanedwen, built and maintained by the Marquess. The former family seat was Beaudesert, near Cannock Chase, Staffordshire.
Água Branca (CPTM)
Água Branca is a train station on TIC Trens Line 7-Ruby, in the district of Água Branca in São Paulo, Brazil. In the future, it will be connected with São Paulo Metro/LinhaUni Line 6-Orange and ViaMobilidade Line 8-Diamond and Regional Trains (Americana ↔ Santos and Sorocaba ↔ Pindamonhangaba).

Linha Universidade
Linha Universidade or LinhaUni is the company responsible for the construction and operation of São Paulo Metro Line 6-Orange for 24 years (2020–2044), through a public-private partnership concession, in partnership with the Government of the State of São Paulo. Its main associate is Spanish group Acciona.

Line 6, in its first phase, will have 15.3 km (9.5 mi) of extension, and will connect stations Brasilândia and São Joaquim, being completely underground.
Clefs, Maine-et-Loire
Clefs (French pronunciation: [kle] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. In January 2013 it merged with Vaulandry to form the commune of Clefs-Val d'Anjou, which merged into the commune Baugé-en-Anjou on 1 January 2016. Its population was 1,064 in 2022.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Kathryn Newcomer
Kathryn Newcomer is an American Political Scientist, author and professor of public policy and public administration. She is the director of the George Washington University's Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration.

Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration
The Trachtenberg School, officially the Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration (TSPPPA), is the graduate public policy school in the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of the George Washington University, in Washington, D.C.

The Trachtenberg School teaches public policy,  public administration, environmental studies, and environmental science by offering a Master of Public Policy, Master of Public Administration, Master of Arts in Environmental Resource Management, and a PhD in Public Policy and Public Administration.
2022 Nong Bua Lamphu massacre
On 6 October 2022, 34-year-old Panya Khamrab killed 37 people, 24 of whom were children and injured 10 others by shooting, stabbing, and vehicle-ramming in Nong Bua Lamphu province, Thailand, before killing himself. The attack mainly occurred in a children's nursery located in the Uthai Sawan subdistrict of the Na Klang district. It is the deadliest mass murder by a single perpetrator in the modern history of Thailand, surpassing the death toll of the Nakhon Ratchasima shootings in 2020.

9×19mm Parabellum
The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge.

Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive availability.

Since the cartridge was designed for the Luger semi-automatic pistol, it has been given the designation of 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) and the Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (CIP).

A 2007 US survey concluded that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mm [Parabellum]" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers.
Gwangsan Tak clan
Gwangsan Tak clan (Korean: 광산 탁씨; Hanja: 光山 卓氏) is a Korean clan. Their Bon-gwan was in Gwangju. According to the research in 2015, the number of Gwangsan Tak clan was 19551. Their founder was Tak Ji yeop. He had an ancestor who was appointed as Podeokhu (Hanja: 布德侯) in Han dynasty. He served as Hanlin Academy in Goryeo during Seonjong of Goryeo’s reign. He began Gwangsan Tak clan because he was appointed as Prince of Gwangsan (Hanja: 光山君).

Gwangju
Gwangju (Korean: 광주; Korean: [kwaŋ.dʑu] ⓘ), formerly romanized as Kwangju, is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until its promotion to a metropolitan city in 2005, upon which the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak in Muan County.

Its name is composed of the words gwang (Korean: 광; Hanja: 光) meaning "light" and ju (주; 州) meaning "province". Gwangju was historically recorded as Muju (무주; 武州), in which "Silla merged all of the land to establish the provinces of Gwangju, Ungju, Jeonju, Muju and various counties, plus the southern boundary of Goguryeo and the ancient territories of Silla" in the Samguk sagi. In the heart of the agricultural Jeolla region, the city is also famous for its rich and diverse cuisine.
Tony Comber
Christianity portal

Anthony James Comber  (20 April 1927 – 6 July 2022) was Archdeacon of Leeds from 1982 to 1992.

Tony Comber studied Mining Engineering at the University of Leeds, commencing his studies in 1946 and proceeding to a B. Sc. degree.

He had a great interest in left-wing politics and was a long-time member of the Labour Party.

Comber was vicar of Oulton from 1960 to 1969; and then of Hunslet from 1969 to 1977. He was Rector of Farnley from 1977 to 1982.

Comber died on 6 July 2022, at the age of 95.

Oulton, West Yorkshire
Oulton /ˈuːltən/ is a village in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England, between Leeds and Wakefield.  It is at the junction of the A639 and A642 roads.  Though now adjoining the village of Woodlesford, it was once quite separate.

The village formed part of the Rothwell Urban District until its merger into the City of Leeds Metropolitan District in 1974. Today, it sits in the Rothwell ward of Leeds City Council. It is also in the Wakefield and Rothwell parliamentary constituency.

Oulton Hall was built in 1850 and is now a hotel and conference centre.
Ogg Squish
OggSquish is one of the first names used for the Ogg project developed from 1994 by the Xiphophorus company (now Xiph.Org Foundation). Ogg Squish was also an attempt from the Xiphophorus company to create a royalty-free lossless audio compression codec.

Codec
A codec is a computer hardware or software component that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder.

In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, and hence is a type of codec. Endec is a portmanteau of encoder/decoder.

A coder or encoder encodes a data stream or a signal for transmission or storage, possibly in encrypted form, and the decoder function reverses the encoding for playback or editing. Codecs are used in videoconferencing, streaming media, and video editing applications.
ASEA Rz
Rz was an electric locomotive built by ASEA to test out asynchronous motors. It was built in 1982 and closely related to the Rc-series. It was test run until 1989 on Siljansbanan, but there was never any mass production of it.

Dala Line
The Dala Line (Swedish: Dalabanan) is a 265 kilometres (165 mi) single-track railway line in Sweden, linking the city of Uppsala to the town of Mora, via Sala, Avesta-Krylbo, Hedemora, Säter, Borlänge and Leksand. In Uppsala, the line joins the East Coast Line, which goes south to Stockholm. In Borlänge, the Bergslagen Line connects to Falun–Gävle.
Heravi (Tabriz County)
Heravi (Persian: هروي) is a village in, and the capital of, Mehranrud Rural District in Basmenj District of Tabriz County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. The village's fame is due to its pleasurable climate. Heravi is also known for its damask rose.

Rosa × damascena
Rosa × damascena (Latin for damascene rose), more commonly known as the Damask rose, or sometimes as the Iranian Rose, Bulgarian rose, Taif rose, Emirati rose, Ispahan rose, Isparta rose, and Castile rose, is a rose hybrid derived from Rosa gallica and Rosa moschata. DNA analysis has shown that a third species, Rosa fedtschenkoana, made some genetic contributions to the Damask rose.

The flowers are renowned for their fine fragrance and are commercially harvested for rose oil (either "rose otto" or "rose absolute") used in perfumery and to make rose water and "rose concrete". The flower petals are also edible. They are used to flavor food, as a garnish, as an herbal tea, and preserved in sugar as gulkand. The Damask rose is the national flower of Iran.

In 2019, the Damask rose was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists as an element of Syrian cultural heritage.
Mechanical stoker
A mechanical stoker is a mechanical system that feeds solid fuel like coal, coke or anthracite into the furnace of a steam boiler. They are common on steam locomotives after 1900 and are also used on ships and power stations. Known now as a spreader stoker they remain in use today especially in furnaces fueled by wood pellets or refuse.

There are three types: the over feed, the under feed and the cross feed. The over feed delivers coal on to the top of the coals already in the furnace in the manner of a human working a shovel. The under feeder pushes fresh coal into the bottom of the furnace and then advances it upwards so that it mixes with the burning coal above.

The mechanical means used are, depending on design, combinations of the screw feed, the conveyor belt, the bucket chain, the paddle and the ram. Steam jets  from the boiler or a mechanical catapult may also be used to throw coal into the far reaches of the furnace.

Boiler (power generation)
A boiler or steam generator is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water.  Although the definitions are somewhat flexible, it can be said that older steam generators were commonly termed boilers and worked at low to medium pressure (7–2,000 kPa or 1–290 psi) but, at pressures above this, it is more usual to speak of a steam generator.

A boiler or steam generator is used wherever a source of steam is required. The form and size depends on the application: mobile steam engines such as steam locomotives, portable engines and steam-powered road vehicles typically use a smaller boiler that forms an integral part of the vehicle; stationary steam engines, heating plants, industrial installations and power stations will usually have a larger separate steam generating facility connected to the point-of-use by piping. A notable exception is the steam-powered fireless locomotive, where separately-generated steam is transferred to a receiver (tank) on the locomotive.