hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holyoke Testing Flume
The Holyoke Testing Flume was a hydraulic testing laboratory and apparatus in Holyoke, Massachusetts, operated by the Holyoke Water Power Company from 1870 to 1932, and used to test the performance of water turbine designs, completing 3,176 tests of efficiency in that time.: 100  It was described by Robert E. Horton in court testimony as the only facility of its kind in the 19th and early 20th century, which made possible the standardization of American water turbines. Indeed Clemens Herschel, who managed and redesigned the facility in the 1880s, later described it in Congressional testimony as the "first modern hydraulic laboratory" in the United States and the world. It was through Herschel's need to determine the water power consumption of different mills, and in this testing system that he would invent the Venturi meter, the first accurate means of measuring large-scale flows, which still retains widespread use in modern technology today.

Robert E. Horton
Robert Elmer Horton (May 18, 1875 – April 22, 1945) was an American hydrologist, geomorphologist, civil engineer, and soil scientist, considered by many to be the father of modern American hydrology. An eponymous medal is awarded by the American Geophysical Union (AGU) to recognize outstanding contributions to the field of hydrological geophysics. The AGU Hydrology section (representing about a 3rd of AGU's membership) was formed largely due to his personal property (near New York) that was bequeathed to AGU.
1916 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1916 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

The men's championships were held at the 22nd Regiment Armory in New York City, New York, and they took place March 18. Women's championships were not officially held until 1927.

The two-mile walk was considered the feature of the competition, and it was won in a new world record time of 13:37.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Nhơn Trạch district
Nhơn Trạch is a rural district of Đồng Nai province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 260,592. The district covers an area of 431 km2 (166 sq mi). The district capital is at Phú Hội.

District (Vietnam)
Districts (Vietnamese: huyện), also known as rural districts or counties, were one of several types of former second-tier administrative subdivisions of Vietnam, the other types being urban districts (Vietnamese: quận), provincial cities (thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh), municipal cities (thành phố thuộc thành phố trực thuộc trung ương), and district-level towns (thị xã). The districts were subdivisions of the first-tier divisions, namely the provinces and municipalities. Districts were subdivided into third-tier units, namely townships and communes.

Districts and the whole second-tier of administrative subdivisions of Vietnam were eliminated in 2025, following a major governmental reform.
Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics
The Department of Social Policy at the London School of Economics is an academic centre for the study and research of social policy. It hosts and contributes to research centres including the Centre for the Analysis of Social Exclusion and the Mannheim Centre for Criminology.

Former faculty members include William Beveridge, Richard Titmuss and Peter Townsend.

Richard Titmuss
Richard Morris Titmuss CBE FBA (16 October 1907 – 6 April 1973) was a British social researcher and teacher. He founded the academic discipline of social administration (now largely known in universities as social policy) and held the founding chair in the subject at the London School of Economics (LSE).

His books and articles of the 1950s helped to define the characteristics of Britain's post World War II welfare state and of a universal welfare society, in ways that parallel the contributions of Alva Myrdal and Gunnar Myrdal in Sweden. He is honoured in the Richard Titmuss Chair in Social Policy at the LSE, which is currently held by Julian Le Grand.

Titmuss's association with eugenics extended beyond the British Eugenics Society, to encompass other personal and intellectual connections.

He is also honoured by the annual Richard Titmuss Memorial Lecture in the Paul Baerwald School of Social Work at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
2023 Canadian Curling Club Championships
The 2023 Everest Canadian Curling Club Championships were held from November 19 to 25 at the Assiniboine Memorial Curling Club in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The event is the Canadian championship for "club-level" curling, that is for curlers who are not currently playing at the high performance level.

UTC−06:00
UTC−06:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of −06:00. 
In North America, it is observed in the Central Time Zone during standard time, and in the Mountain Time Zone during the other eight months (see daylight saving time). Several Latin American countries and a few other places use it year-round.
Tõnu Aav
Tõnu Aav (21 January 1939 – 14 August 2019) was an Estonian stage, film, TV, and radio actor.

Aav was born in Tallinn and graduated from the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre in 1961. From 1961 he performed at the Estonian Drama Theatre in Tallinn. He played in dozens of films and twenty screenplays and also recorded a number of radio play and audio CDs (including Uncle Remus stories and Alice in Wonderland) as well as a recurring role as Feliks Viss on the ETV dramatic series Õnne 13.

From 1965 until 1974, Aav was married to the actress Irja Aav (née Pilvet). The couple had two sons: the music producer and conductor Lauri Aav and the prop maker Ardi Aav.

Õnne 13
Õnne 13 is an Estonian dramatic TV series that airs on ETV. The series first aired on 30 October 1993 and was written by Astrid Reinla and as of 1996 by Teet Kallas. Since 1997, the series is produced by BEC (Balti Video OÜ), which has also produced Pehmed ja Karvased, Kodu keset linna, and Ohtlik lend.

The series takes place in the fictional town of Morna and features an ensemble cast.
Haliplus furcatus
Haliplus furcatus is a species of water beetle from Haliplidae, family that can be found in Central Europe (except Switzerland) and Northwestern Europe (except for Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Ireland).

Water beetle
A water beetle is a generalized name for any beetle that is adapted to living in water at any point in its life cycle. Most water beetles can only live in fresh water, with a few marine species that live in the intertidal zone or littoral zone. There are approximately 2000 species of true water beetles native to lands throughout the world.

Many water beetles carry an air bubble, called the elytra cavity, underneath their abdomens, which provides an air supply, and prevents water from getting into the spiracles. Others have the surface of their exoskeleton modified to form a plastron, or "physical gill", which permits direct gas exchange with the water. Some families of water beetles have fringed hind legs adapted for swimming, but most do not. Most families of water beetles have larvae that are also aquatic; many have aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults.
Allium commutatum
Allium commutatum is a species of Mediterranean onions in the amaryllis family. Its native range extends from Corsica and Algeria to Turkey. It has also been introduced to northern Argentina.

Allium commutatum usually grows on rocky slopes overlooking the Mediterranean. Bulbs are resistant to salt and float, so they are very often dispersed by storms. Leaves wither and die before flowering time, when a tall scape appears bearing a large spherical umbel of purple flowers.

Scape (botany)
In botany, a scape is a peduncle arising from a subterranean or very compressed stem, with the lower internodes very long and hence few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle. Typically it takes the form of a long, leafless flowering stem rising directly from a bulb, rhizome, or similar subterranean or underwater structure.

The scapes of scallions, chives, garlic chives, and garlic are used as vegetables.
Auxiliadora
Auxiliadora is a Spanish and Portuguese female name. It refers to Mary Help of Christians (Spanish: María Auxiliadora). It can also refer to:

People

María Auxiliadora Delgado, First Lady of Uruguay

Auxiliadora Jiménez, Spanish footballer

Geography

Auxiliadora, Rio Grande do Sul, a neighbourhood of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

María Auxiliadora, Distrito Nacional, a neighbourhood of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

María Auxiliadora, Guanajuato, a town in Guanajuato, Mexico

Churches

María Auxiliadora, Montevideo, a Roman Catholic church in the neighbourhood of Parque Rodó, Montevideo, Uruguay

María Auxiliadora, Colón, Montevideo, a Roman Catholic church in the neighbourhood of Villa Colón, Montevideo, Uruguay

Schools

Colegio María Auxiliadora, a school in Carolina, Puerto Rico

Liceo María Auxiliadora, a high school in Santa Cruz, Colchagua Province, Chile

Auxiliadora Jiménez
María Auxiliadora Jiménez González, more commonly known as Auxi, is a former Spanish football player. Throughout her career she played in Spain's Superliga Femenina for Atlético Málaga, Levante UD, Estudiantes Huelva and CD Híspalis. She won three leagues with Málaga and Levante, and was the league's top scorer in 2000 and 2006.

Auxi was a member of the Spain women's national football team, and played the 1997 European Championship.
Johan II of East Frisia
Count Johan II of East Frisia (29 September 1538, Aurich – 29 September 1591, Stickhausen Castle) was a member of the House of Cirksena and from 1561 until his death in 1591 co-regent of the county of East Frisia. He ruled jointly with his brother Edzard II.

In 1558 the primogeniture of John's mother, the Countess Anna was abolished, presumably to stem the impact of the house Vasa in the county, which was based on the marriage of her eldest son Edzard with Catherine Vasa of Sweden, the eldest daughter of King Gustav I of Sweden.  This meant that she abolished Edzard right to be the sole ruler of the county.  This led to a de facto division of East Frisia, because Johan, like his mother, was a Calvinist, whereas Edzard II was a Lutheran.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
Garching
Garching bei München (German: [ˈɡaʁçɪŋ baɪ ˈmʏnçn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Garching near Munich') or Garching is a town in Bavaria, near Munich. It is the home of several research institutes and university departments, located at Campus Garching.

TUM School of Natural Sciences
The TUM School of Natural Sciences (NAT) is a school of the Technical University of Munich, established in 2022 by the merger of various former departments. As of 2022, it is structured into the Department of Biosciences, the Department of Chemistry, and the Department of Physics. The school is located at the Garching campus.
Exposure (Esperanza Spalding album)
Exposure is the sixth studio album by bassist and singer Esperanza Spalding. It was released on December 16, 2017, by Concord Records. It is a limited edition album, with only 7,777 copies being available.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Mats Jonsson (cartoonist)
Mats Jonsson (born 1973) is a Swedish comic creator. Debuting as a teenager in the Swedish fanzine society, Jonsson later became one of the prime Swedish representants for the autobiographical comic genre, inspired by American and Canadian comic creators such as Harvey Pekar, Seth, and Joe Matt.

Though born in Södertälje near Stockholm, Jonsson grew up in the northern Ådalen area in Kramfors Municipality. His previous graphic novels have portrayed the depopulation of his hometown, the urban-rural divide and his annoyance with Stockholm (where he lived between 1995 and 2020) and Stockholmers. In his latest work, När vi var samer (also the first graphic novel to be nominated for the August Prize) he examines his own Forest Sami ancestry and the actions of the Swedish state in Sápmi.

Mats Jonsson has been published in several Swedish newspapers and magazines. Many of his works have been collected in albums.

Currently, Jonsson is the editor of the Swedish cultural magazine Galago.

Seth (cartoonist)
Gregory Gallant (born September 16, 1962), better known by his pen name Seth, is a Canadian cartoonist. He is best known for his series Palookaville and his mock-autobiographical graphic novel It's a Good Life, If You Don't Weaken (1996).

Seth draws in a style influenced by the classic cartoonists of The New Yorker. His work is highly nostalgic, especially for the early-to-mid-20th century period, and of Southern Ontario. His work also shows a great depth and breadth of knowledge of the history of comics and cartooning.
Xolani Dlwati
Christianity portal

Xolani Dlwati  was Dean of Johannesburg from December 2015 until 27 November 2022.

He was born in Soweto and educated at the University of South Africa. He was Rector of St Monnica's Church, Midrand then Archdeacon of Randfontein. He has served as the 18th Dean of the diocese of Johannesburg, South Africa

Soweto
Soweto (/səˈwɛtoʊ, -ˈweɪt-, -ˈwiːt-/) is a township of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality in Gauteng, South Africa, bordering the city's mining belt in the south. Its name is an English syllabic abbreviation for South Western Townships. Formerly a separate municipality, it is now incorporated in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality since 2002 and is one of the suburbs of Johannesburg.
Solesmes, Sarthe
Solesmes (French pronunciation: [sɔlɛm]) is a commune in the Sarthe department and Pays de la Loire region of north-western France.

Lying close to the small town of Sablé-sur-Sarthe and almost entirely agricultural in character, the commune is especially noted as the site of the Benedictine Abbey of St Peter, founded in 1010, suppressed by the National Constituent Assembly in 1791, and re-established by Dom Prosper Guéranger in 1833. A second abbey for women, St Cecilia's, is also located here.

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire (French pronunciation: [pe.i d(ə) la lwaʁ]) is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located on the country's Atlantic coast. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital and most populated city, Nantes, one of a handful of French "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). In 2020, Pays de la Loire had a population of 3,832,120.
Masood Khan
Masood Khan (Urdu: مسعود خان) is a retired Pakistani-Kashmiri diplomat who served as Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States. Khan also served as the 27th President of Azad Kashmir. Khan joined the Foreign Service of Pakistan in 1980. From August 2003 to March 2005, he served as the Spokesperson of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Pakistan’s Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations and International Organisations in Geneva, Switzerland, from 2005 to 2008,  Pakistan's Ambassador to China between September 2008 and September 2012 and as Pakistan's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, New York,  between 11 October 2012 and 7 February 2015.

He served as the Director General of Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad between February 2015 and 4 August 2016.

President of Azad Kashmir
The president of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: صدرِ آزاد کشمیر, romanized: s̤adr-i Azād Kaṣhmīr lit. 'President of Azad Kashmir', Urdu pronunciation: [s̤ə'dr-e: a:'za:d kə'ʂmi:r]), officially the president of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, is the constitutional and ceremonial head of state of Azad Kashmir.

The president is elected by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly for a term of five years, under the provisions of the Azad Jammu & Kashmir (Interim Constitution) Act, 1974.
Abenteuerlicher Simplizissimus
Abenteuerlicher Simplizissimus (lit. 'Adventurous Simplicissimus') is a 1975 West German-Austrian drama television serial written by Leopold Ahlsen and directed by Fritz Umgelter. It follows the tumultuous adventures of a dimwitted man during the Thirty Years' War. It stars Matthias Habich in the title role along with Christian Quadflieg, Günter Stack, Herbert Stass, Friedrich von Thun and Herbert Fux.

The serial is based on Simplicius Simplicissimus, a 17th-century picaresque novel by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen. It was co-produced by ZDF and ORF.

ORF (broadcaster)
Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF [oːɛʁˈɛf] ⓘ; German pronunciation: [ˌøːstəʁaɪçɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk], lit. 'Austrian broadcasting') is the national public broadcaster and news website of Austria. Funded from a combination of television licence fee revenue and limited on-air advertising, ORF is the dominant player in the Austrian broadcast media. Austria was the last country in continental Europe after Albania to allow nationwide private television broadcasting, although commercial TV channels from neighbouring Germany have been present in Austria on pay-TV and via terrestrial overspill since the 1980s.
Kenneth Nash
Kenneth C. Nash (born 1964) is an American psychiatrist and professor who is certified in child and adolescent psychiatry and psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. He practices at the University of Pittsburgh Physicians, Department of Psychiatry. He completed his fellowship and residency at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and medical degree at the Louisville School of Medicine. He currently is the Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh department of Psychiatry and the Chief of Clinical Services at UPMC Western Psychiatric Hospital.

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
40°26′35″N 79°57′41″W﻿ / ﻿40.443111°N 79.961343°W﻿ / 40.443111; -79.961343
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is a medical school of the University of Pittsburgh, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The School of Medicine, also known as Pitt Med, encompasses both a medical program, offering the doctor of medicine, and graduate programs, offering doctor of philosophy and master's degrees in several areas of biomedical science, clinical research, medical education, and medical informatics.

In 2023, Pitt Med had an incoming class profile with a median score of 514 on the MCAT with a median GPA of 3.79; 8,782 people applied, and 1,020 were interviewed for 148 positions in the medical school's entering class.

The School of Medicine is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC).

The School of Medicine is one of sixteen schools that comprise the University of Pittsburgh and is located in the Oakland neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh.
25th Annual Premios Gardel
The 25th Annual Premios Gardel ceremony were held on May 16, 2023, at the Movistar Arena in Buenos Aires, for the second consecutive year. It recognized the best recordings, compositions and artists of the eligibility year, from January 1 to December 31, 2022, as determined by the members of the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers. The nominees for the different categories were announced on April 11 of the same year. The ceremony was presented by Iván de Pineda, who hosted the 2019 ceremony; and broadcast live through the Star+ platform. Rapper Trueno received the most nominations with nine, followed by singer Dante Spinetta with seven and the band Babasónicos with six.

Iván de Pineda
Iván de Pineda (born 11 July 1977) is an Argentine-Spanish international fashion model, film actor and TV host. He has modelled in New York City, London and Milan. de Pineda was born in Madrid to a Spanish father and an Argentine mother. He and his mother moved to Argentina after his father's death when he was a child.

De Pineda began to model at age 17, and would later represent labels such as YSL, Chanel, Diesel, DKNY, Kenzo, Moschino, and Versace. He made his television debut in the 2000 series Calientes playing the character of Nacho, and in 2005 debuted on Argentine cinema; his 2007 film Cuando ella saltó garnered him a Best New Actor award at the 2008 Silver Condor awards.

Nowadays, he is in a TV programme called "Pasapalabra" in Argentina.
Perla Bárcenas
Perla Patricia Bárcenas is a Mexican Paralympic powerlifter. She represented Mexico at the Summer Paralympics in 2000, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2021 and she won three medals. She won the silver medal in the women's 75 kg event at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, Australia, the bronze medal in the women's 82.5 kg event in 2008 and the bronze medal in the women's +82.5 kg event in 2012.

In 2016, Bárcenas finished in 4th place in the women's 79 kg event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. At the 2017 World Para Powerlifting Championships held in Mexico City, Mexico, she won the bronze medal in the women's 86+ kg event.

Bárcenas finished in 4th place in the women's +86 kg event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan. A few months later, she won the bronze medal in her event at the 2021 World Para Powerlifting Championships held in Tbilisi, Georgia.

Paralympic powerlifting
Paralympic powerlifting, also known as para powerlifting and para-lifting, is an adaptation of the sport of powerlifting for athletes with disabilities. The only discipline in Paralympic powerlifting is the bench press. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (World Para Powerlifting) and is open to anyone with a minimum level of disability who can extend their arms within 20° of full extension during a lift. Powerlifting has been competed at the Summer Paralympics since 1984.