hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tolipir National Park
Tolipir National Park is a protected area located in the Rawlakot tehsil of Poonch District in the state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The park is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, including a number of endangered species such as the Himalayan black bear, leopard, and snow leopard.

The park is situated in the western Himalayan mountain range, at an altitude of between 1,500 and 7,000 meters above sea level. The area is characterized by rugged terrain and steep mountain slopes, with a number of peaks rising above 6,000 meters. The climate is cold and temperate, with heavy snowfall in the winter and mild summers. The park is surrounded by the Toli Pir, Shounter, and Barmoghlasht valleys, and is fed by the Toli Pir stream, which flows through the park.

Himalayan black bear
The Himalayan black bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger) is a subspecies of the Asian black bear. It is distinguished from U. t. thibetanus by its longer, thicker fur and smaller, whiter chest mark. The species is considered an ecological indicator and a keystone species of the environment. The species plays a vital role as a primary seed disperser in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem. On average, they measure from 140–170 cm (56–65 in) nose to tail and weigh from 91 to 120 kilograms (200 to 265 lb), though they may weigh as much as 180 kilograms (400 pounds) in the fall, when they are fattening up for hibernation.

The Himalayan black bear is typically nocturnal and elusive, although it has been observed during the day. It hibernates throughout the winter in the northwestern Himalayas, while it is usually active during the entire year in the eastern Himalayas.
Gilbert's Pit
Gilbert's Pit is a 5.2-hectare (13-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Charlton in the Royal Borough of Greenwich. It was notified in 1985 and was formerly known as Charlton Sand Pit. It is a Geological Conservation Review site. It is also part of the Maryon Wilson Park and Gilbert's Pit Local Nature Reserve.  It adjoins Maryon Park and is close to Maryon Wilson Park.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Ruserahu
Ruserahu is an uninhabited 31.1 hectares (77 acres) island belonging to Estonia. It is located in Õunaku Bay, 1.5 kilometers southwest of the Õunaku Peninsula, off the southeast coast of the larger island of Hiiumaa. The terrain on Ruserahu is very flat. The island's highest point is 2 meters above sea level. It stretches 0.4 kilometers in a north–south direction, and 0.45 kilometers in an east–west direction. Administratively, it belongs to the village of Esiküla on the island of Kassari, Hiiu Parish, Hiiu County. Ruserahu is part of the Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area.

Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area
Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park situated in Hiiu County, Estonia.

Its area is 5,681 ha.

The protected area was designated in 1962 to protect Käina Bay and the island of Kassari semi-natural communities. In 1998, the protected area was redesignated to the landscape conservation area.
Martin Sviták
Martin Sviták (born 14 February 1980) is a Czech football player.

Sviták started his football career at Baník Ostrava, but did not manage to become a first squad regular and moved to SFC Opava. He eventually played for several other Czech clubs before moving to German lower division side Torgelower SV Greif.

Torgelower FC Greif
Torgelower FC Greif is a German football club from the city of Torgelow in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The football team is part of a sports club which also has departments for women's sport, table tennis, and handball. The club was known as Torgelower SV Greif until 2014.
Clarion Golden Eagles
The Clarion Golden Eagles are the athletic teams that represent PennWest Clarion (known before July 2022 as Clarion University of Pennsylvania), located in Clarion, Pennsylvania, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Golden Eagles are members of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) for 13 of 14 varsity sports; the wrestling team competes in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) as a member of the NCAA's Division I. The Golden Eagles have been a member of the PSAC since its foundation in 1951.

PennWest Clarion
Pennsylvania Western University – Clarion (PennWest Clarion, formerly Clarion University of Pennsylvania) is a campus of Pennsylvania Western University in Clarion, Pennsylvania, United States. The institution was founded in 1867 and offers associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees, as well as certificate programs and a Doctor of Nursing Practice. The campus had an enrollment of 1,743 as of fall 2024.
Pulivendla Assembly constituency
Pulivendula Assembly constituency is a constituency in YSR Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of seven assembly segments of Kadapa Lok Sabha constituency.

The constituency is a bastion for the family members of the late Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy; since 1978, the MLA for the constituency has either been him or a member of his family.

Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from YSR Congress Party. He was the Chief Minister of the state, from 2019 to 2024. As of 2019, there are a total of 223,407 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1955, as per the Delimitation Orders (1955).

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Invisible Essence: The Little Prince
Invisible Essence: The Little Prince is a 2018 Canadian documentary film, directed by Charles Officer. The film profiles and explores the enduring cultural impact of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's influential novel The Little Prince.

The film premiered in Los Angeles, California in October 2018, before going into Canadian commercial release in 2019.

The film received two Canadian Screen Award nominations at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards in 2020, for Best Feature Length Documentary and Best Editing in a Documentary (Bruce Lapointe).

8th Canadian Screen Awards
The 8th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 25–28 May 2020 to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2019. The presentations were held as a series of virtual events due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nominations were announced on 18 February, with François Girard's The Song of Names leading in film nominations with 9, and Dan and Eugene Levy's sitcom Schitt's Creek leading in television with 26 nominations. Sophie Deraspe's Antigone would be the most-awarded film and win Best Motion Picture, while Cardinal would be the most-awarded television series.
Samuel Ernest Whitnall
Samuel Ernest Whitnall (30 March 1876 – 19 February 1950) was an English doctor, anatomist and humorist. He is known for his work on orbital anatomy, having described the Whitnall ligament and the Whitnall tubercle. He was also distinguished for writing one of only known examples from the era of a parody of medical guides for students.

Whitnall earned his doctorate at Oxford. He worked there from 1908 to 1919 as demonstrator of anatomy, eventually joining the Royal College of Physicians, London. He later taught at McGill University as a professor of anatomy.

Superior transverse ligament
The superior transverse ligament of the eye (also known as Whitnall's ligament) is a transverse ligament surrounding the levator palpebrae superioris muscle close to its partial implantation into the skin of the upper eyelid. The muscle also attaches to the superior tarsal plate and into orbital bone.

The ligament allows for a change of the functional origin of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, enabling the superior tarsus (eyelid) to be elevated superiorly rather than directly toward the muscle's origin on the sphenoid bone. Attaches medially to the pulley of superior oblique muscle (Trochlea of superior oblique) and laterally to the lacrimal gland 10mm above Whitnall tubercle. So it is not attached to the lateral orbital tubercle of Whitnall.
Union of Youth Struggle
The Union of Youth Struggle (Polish: Związek Walki Młodych, ZWM) was a communist youth organization in Poland. ZWM was founded in 1942. It was linked to the Polish Workers' Party (PPR). Hanka Szapiro-Sawicka was the founding leader of ZWM. She was killed by German authorities on 10 March 1943. Leadership of ZWM was then taken over by Jan Krasicki. Krasicki was shot by Gestapo on 2 September 1943. After Krasicki's death, Helena Jaworska became the ZWM leader. ZWM was active in the anti-fascist struggle, organizing People's Guard militia forces. ZWM played an important role in broadening the base of PPR. Walka Młodych ('Youth Struggle') was the central organ of ZWM.

As of 1947 ZWM had 224,000 members On 22 July 1948 ZWM and other youth organizations merged into the Polish Youth Union (ZMP).

People's Guard (1942–1944)
The People's Guard (GL; Polish: Gwardia Ludowa; Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡvardja luˈdɔva]) was a communist partisan force of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) active in Occupied Poland during World War II from 1942 to 1944.

The Gwardia Ludowa was established with sponsorship from the Soviet Union to support the Red Army and Polish communists against Nazi Germany. It became the largest partisan force in Poland which refused to join the structures of the Polish Underground State loyal to the London-based Polish government-in-exile. The Gwardia Ludowa was incorporated into the larger Armia Ludowa in January 1944.
Malta Aviation Museum
Malta Aviation Museum is an aircraft museum situated on the site of the former Royal Air Force airfield RAF Ta Kali in the village of Ta'Qali, on the island of Malta. The museum, based in three hangars, covers the history of aviation on the island with exhibits, particularly from the Second World War and post-war periods. The museum is involved in the preservation and restoration of aircraft, some of which are in airworthy condition.

The museum received two Romney huts from the former RAF Luqa in 2003. In 2021, a new Main Exhibition Hangar was funded by the EU.

RAF Luqa
Royal Air Force Luqa (or more simply RAF Luqa) is a former Royal Air Force station located on the island of Malta, now developed into the Malta International Airport.

It hosted aircraft of Air Headquarters Malta (AHQ Malta) during the Second World War. Particularly during the Siege of Malta from 1941 to 1943, RAF Luqa was a very important base for British Commonwealth forces fighting against Italy and Germany for naval control of the Mediterranean and for ground control of North Africa.  Air combat over and near Malta was some of the most ferocious of the war, and a series of airfields were built on the small, rocky island: at Luqa, Ta' Qali, and Hal Far, plus satellite fields at Safi, Qrendi and on Malta's second island of Gozo.
The Pine Tree at Saint Tropez
The Pine Tree at Saint Tropez, Bertaud's Pine or Bertaud Gassin's Pine (French - Le Pin de Bertaud Gassin) is an oil-on-canvas painting by French painter Paul Signac, from 1909. A landscape painting in Divisionist style, it has been in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow since 1948. It was owned by S. I. Shchukin until 1918 before being seized by the Soviet state after the October Revolution and assigned to the State Museum of Modern Western Art.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
Housing tenure
Housing tenure is a financial arrangement and ownership structure under which someone has the right to live in a house or apartment. The most frequent forms are tenancy, in which rent is paid by the occupant to a landlord, and owner-occupancy, where the occupant owns their own home. Mixed forms of tenure are also possible.

The basic forms of tenure can be subdivided, for example an owner-occupier may own a house outright, or it may be mortgaged.  In the case of tenancy, the landlord may be a private individual, a non-profit organization such as a housing association, or a government body, as in public housing.

Surveys used in social science research frequently include questions about housing tenure, because it is a useful proxy for income or wealth, and people are less reluctant to give information about it.

Proxy (statistics)
In statistics, a proxy or proxy variable is a variable that is not in itself directly relevant, but that serves in place of an unobservable or immeasurable variable. In order for a variable to be a good proxy, it must have a close correlation, not necessarily linear, with the variable of interest. This correlation might be either positive or negative.

Proxy variable must relate to an unobserved variable, must correlate with disturbance, and must not correlate with regressors once the disturbance is controlled for.
DeShong
DeShong, also spelt Deshong, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred O. Deshong (1837–1913), American industrialist, philanthropist, and art collector

Andrea DeShong (born 1962), American boxer

Jimmie DeShong (1909–1993), American professional baseball pitcher

John O. Deshong (1807–1881), American businessman and banker

Michelle Deshong, Aboriginal Australian political scientist and advocate for gender equality

Peter Deshong (1781–1827), American businessman and banker

Michelle Deshong
Michelle Deshong  is an Aboriginal Australian political scientist and advocate for gender equality and Indigenous women. She has spent the majority of her career in shaping Indigenous affairs, including  She has been CEO of the Australian Indigenous Governance Institute.
World War Memorial Library
World War Memorial Library, also known as Corning City Club, is a historic library building located at Corning in Steuben County, New York. It is a 2+1⁄2-story brick structure in a combination of the Colonial Revival and Classical Revival styles.  Built in 1897 to house the Corning City Club, it became home to the library and memorial to Corning natives who lost their lives in World War I following a fire in 1926. The original architects were Pierce & Bickford of Elmira, with the later remodeling by Palmer Rogers of New York City.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Pierce & Bickford
Pierce & Bickford was an American architectural firm active in Elmira, New York, from 1891 to 1932. It was formed as the partnership of architects of Joseph H. Pierce (1855-1932) and Hiram H. Bickford (1864-1929), with later partner Robert T. Bickford (1894-1988).
Czechów, Lubusz Voivodeship
Czechów ([ˈt͡ʂɛxuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Santok, within Gorzów County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is situated on the Warta River, approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Santok and 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

Warta
The river Warta (/ˈvɑːrtə/ VAR-tə, Polish: [ˈvarta] ⓘ; German: Warthe [ˈvaʁtə] ⓘ; Latin: Varta) rises in central Poland and meanders greatly through the  Polish Plain in a north-westerly direction to flow into the Oder at Kostrzyn nad Odrą on Poland's border with Germany. About 808.2 kilometres (502.2 mi) long, it is the second-longest river within the borders of Poland (after the Vistula), and the third-longest Polish river after the Oder (which also flows through the Czech Republic and Germany). Its drainage basin covers 54,529 square kilometers (21,054 sq mi). The Warta is navigable from Kostrzyn nad Odrą to Konin - approximately half of its length.

The Warta connects to the Vistula via its own tributary, the Noteć, and the Bydgoszcz Canal (Polish: Kanał Bydgoski) near the city of Bydgoszcz.
Zelówek
Zelówek [zɛˈluvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zelów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Zelów, 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Bełchatów, and 37 km (23 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the historic Sieradz Land.

According to the 1921 census, the village had a population of 409, 76.8% Polish and 23.2% Czech.

1921 Polish census
The Polish census of 1921 or First General Census in Poland (Polish: Pierwszy Powszechny Spis Ludności) was the first census in the Second Polish Republic, performed on September 30, 1921, by the Main Bureau of Statistics (Główny Urząd Statystyczny). It was followed by the Polish census of 1931.
Préférence
Préférence, frequently spelt Preference, is a Central and Eastern European 10-card plain-trick game with bidding, played by three players with a 32-card Piquet deck, and probably originating in early 19th century Austria, becoming the second most popular game in Vienna by 1980. It also took off in Russia where it was played by the higher echelons of society, the regional variant known as Preferans being still very popular in that country, while other variants are played from Lithuania to Greece.

Perlen-Reihe
Perlen-Reihe (German, lit: "string of pearls") is a series of books founded in 1948 by Adalbert Pechan. It is best known for its self-help guides on a wide variety of topics, including car guides and game instructions. It can be seen as the prototype of the popular advice literature, which is still booming today.

The series was first published by the Austrian publishers of Verlag (Adalbert) Pechan and after several changes of ownership was continued by Deuticke Verlag, which is again an imprint of the Paul Zsolnay Verlag (both of the latter are subsidiaries of Munich's Carl Hanser Verlag). Since 2010 there has been a separate Verlag Perlen series in Vienna with Ulla Harms as publisher. Since 2011, new titles in the Perlen-Reihe have been published by them in the tradition of Adalbert Pechan's little guides.
Špela Pretnar
Špela Pretnar (born 5 March 1973) is a Slovenian former alpine skier.

In her career, Pretnar won six races in Alpine Skiing World Cup races, with 13 podiums altogether. In the 1999–2000 season, she won a small crystal globe in slalom. Pretnar was named Slovenian sportswoman of the year in 2000. Pretnar represented Slovenia at the 2002 Winter Olympics.

Pretnar was a sports reporter at a Slovenian commercial TV station POP TV. She has a son named Mak Rebolj (born October 2010).

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Ramita Navai
Ramita Navai (Persian: رامیتا نوایی; born 21 July 1973) is a British journalist, documentary maker, and author. She is known for her investigative human rights reporting in dangerous environments and has reported from over 40 countries.

Navai has won many awards, including two Emmy Awards, two Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Awards, and two Royal Television Society Awards, as well as literary awards, including the Debut Political Book of the Year Award for City of Lies: Love, Sex, Death and the Search for Truth in Tehran.

Navai appeared as herself in a scene with Mandy Patinkin in the TV series Homeland. She has been a guest on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart and has been interviewed about her life and work by Terry Gross for NPR’s Fresh Air.

She is the creator and host of The Line of Fire, a Top 10 Apple podcast about the moment of facing death.

Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award
The Robert F. Kennedy Awards for Excellence in Journalism is a journalism award named after Robert F. Kennedy and awarded by the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights. The annual awards are issued in several categories and were established in December 1968 by a group of reporters who covered Kennedy's campaigns.  Winners are judged by more than 50 journalists each year, led by a committee of six independent journalists. The awards honor reporting "on issues that reflect Robert F. Kennedy's concerns, including human rights, social justice and the power of individual action in the United States and around the world. Entries include insights into the causes, conditions and remedies of injustice and critical analysis of relevant public policies, programs, attitudes and private endeavors." The awards are known as the "poor people's Pulitzers" in media circles.
Jurong railway station
The Jurong railway station was a freight railway station that was co-owned by JTC Corporation, one of Singapore's primary industry-based developers, and Keretapi Tanah Melayu (the KTM), the national railroad company of Malaysia.

JTC Corporation
JTC Corporation (JTC), formerly the Jurong Town Corporation, is a statutory board under Singapore's Ministry of Trade and Industry that champions sustainable industrial development. It master-plans clean, green and smart estates to create attractive destinations for Singapore's talent and communities. The agency also drives innovations in the building and infrastructure sector.
David Bruce (bridge)
David Burnstine (May 5 1900 – August 26, 1965) was a leading tournament contract bridge player of the 1930s. He changed his name to David Bruce after he retired from competition in 1939.

Burnstine was born in New York City and regularly played at the Contract Bridge Club of New York. He was a member of the Four Horsemen team captained by P. Hal Sims, which he left to create his own teams, first the Bid-Rite team and later the Four Aces. The Four Aces dominated tournament play in the later half of the 1930s. Burnstine became American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) Life Master #1 at the age of 36.

Burnstine moved to Los Angeles in 1939, changed his name to David Bruce, and retired from regular tournament play. He died in 1965 and was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame as David Bruce in 1997. Thus he was the second recipient (after Sims) of the von Zedtwitz Award, a name for Hall of Fame recognition of players long out of the limelight.

Master Individual
The Master Individual national bridge championship was held at the fall American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC); it was held from 1931 until 1960 after which it was discontinued.