hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yankee Jims, California
Yankee Jims (also, Yankee Jim and Yankee Jim's) is a small community in Placer County, California.

It lies at an elevation of 2582 feet (787 m) in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Yankee Jims is located 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west-northwest of Foresthill.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
Siege of Autun (1591)
During the French Wars of Religion, the siege of Autun lasted from 18 May until 20 June 1591. The city of Autun, held by the Catholic League, successfully resisted a Huguenot royal army under Marshal Jean VI d'Aumont.

Around 1600, the siege of Autun became the subject of an oil painting on a wood panel. It is based on an earlier print. The work is essentially a map of the siege. Its purpose was to memorialise and celebrate the siege as a victory for the Catholics.

Jean VI d'Aumont
Jean VI d'Aumont (1522-1595) was a soldier and Marshal of France. He served as Marshal under Henri III, campaigning against the Protestants in 1585. He would not however conduct the campaign with much enthusiasm, and after clamour at court he would be replaced by Anne de Joyeuse. He playing a key role in the Day of the Barricades and Assassination of the Duke of Guise (1588). Upon the assassination of Henri III in 1589, he would transfer his loyalties to the Protestant Navarre and would campaign for him in Burgundy, Maine and Brittany against the Duke of Mercœur. He was also granted the office of governor of Dauphiné, upon it being vacated in 1592. It would be whilst fighting in Brittany in 1595, that he would be killed.
C. Walter Nichols
Charles Walter "Walt" Nichols (June 19, 1875 – April 26, 1963), was an American industrialist who, with his father, William H. Nichols, helped organize the merger of 12 companies in 1899 to create General Chemical, which in 1921 joined four other companies to form Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation, a precursor to AlliedSignal, now owned by Honeywell as its specialty materials business. Walt Nichols, who served as a vice president and general manager at General Chemical and later Allied, also acquired the land and built what is now known at Pleasantdale Chateau in West Orange, New Jersey.

He collaborated on the Thomas Garrigue Masaryk Washington declaration in October 1918.

AlliedSignal
AlliedSignal was an American aerospace, automotive and engineering company, created through the 1985 merger of Allied Corp. and The Signal Companies. It purchased Honeywell for $14.8 billion in 1999, and adopted the Honeywell name and identity.
Kenneth S. Burnley
Kenneth Stephen Burnley (April 20, 1942 – July 2, 2011), was superintendent of the Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District in Palmer, Alaska, from July 2010 until his death in July 2011.  He was a senior resident fellow at the University of Michigan School of Education. He also was the superintendent of the Detroit Public Schools from 2000 to 2005, Colorado Springs District 11 Schools, and Fairbanks North Star Borough School District in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District
Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District (MSBSD) is a school district based in the city of Palmer, Alaska. It serves 40 schools across Mat-Su Borough, which each enroll from 15 to 1300 students. The borough's boundary is that of the school district. The estimated sum of the total number of students attending schools in this district is 15,969. MSBSD is the second-largest school district in Alaska, with the largest district being  Anchorage School District.

In the 2007-2008 school year, Matanuska-Susitna Borough School District had an expenditure of $150,531,684, which is a $9,426 expenditure for every student.

The current superintendent is Dr. Randy Trani.
The Last Vermeer
The Last Vermeer is a 2019 American drama film directed by Dan Friedkin from a screenplay by John Orloff (under the pen name James McGee), Mark Fergus and Hawk Otsby. It is based on the 2008 book The Man Who Made Vermeers by Jonathan Lopez, and tells the story of Han van Meegeren (played by Guy Pearce), an art maker who swindles millions of dollars from the Nazis, alongside Dutch Resistance fighter Joseph Piller (Claes Bang).

The film had its worldwide release at the Telluride Film Festival on August 31, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on November 20, 2020, by Sony Pictures Releasing through the TriStar Pictures label.

Mark Fergus and Hawk Ostby
Mark Fergus and Hawk Ostby are a duo of screenwriters.

They are best known for their work on The Expanse, Iron Man and Children of Men, which the latter earned them a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
1657 Ottoman campaign in Palestine
The 1657 Ottoman campaign in Palestine was a military expedition launched by the Ottoman Empire to reassert control over Palestine and suppress local unrest. Particularly concentrated in Jabal Nablus, which was also known as the Nablus Sanjak.

The campaign reflected the Empire’s effort to stabilize its holdings in the region during a period marked by internal strife and decentralization. The campaign was led by Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, the influential Grand Vizier appointed to restore order in various Ottoman territories.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.
USS Emmons
USS Emmons (DD-457/DMS-22) was a Gleaves-class destroyer of the United States Navy, named for Rear Admiral George F. Emmons (1811–1884).

Emmons was launched 23 August 1941 by Bath Iron Works Corp., Bath, Maine, sponsored by Mrs. F. E. Peacock, granddaughter of Rear Admiral Emmons. The ship was commissioned on 5 December 1941. She was reclassified DMS-22 on 15 November 1944.

Bath, Maine
Bath is a city in and county seat of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath had a 2024 population of 8,870. Bath is  growing at a rate of 0.29% annually, and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020. The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually during the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as the "City of Ships" due to the number of sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
James W. York
James W. York Jr. (July 3, 1939 – December 17, 2023) was an American mathematical physicist who contributed to the theory of general relativity. In any physical theory, it is important to understand when solutions to the fundamental field equation exist, and answering this question was a theme of York's scientific work, with Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, of formulating the Einstein field equation as a well-posed system in the sense of the theory of partial differential equations.

York earned his B.Sc. in 1962 and his Ph.D. in 1966 from North Carolina State University.

York used conformal geometry in the initial value problem, and introduced concepts now called the York curvature and York time.

York was a recipient of the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics from the American Physical Society, where he was a Fellow.

York died on December 17, 2023, at the age of 84.

Conformal geometry
In mathematics, conformal geometry is the study of the set of angle-preserving (conformal) transformations on a space.

In a real two dimensional space, conformal geometry is precisely the geometry of Riemann surfaces. In space higher than two dimensions, conformal geometry may refer either to the study of conformal transformations of what are called "flat spaces" (such as Euclidean spaces or spheres), or to the study of conformal manifolds that are Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifolds with a class of metrics that are defined up to scale. Study of the flat structures is sometimes termed Möbius geometry, and is a type of Klein geometry.
2020 Copa MX finals
The 2020 Copa MX finals was the final of the 2019–20 Copa MX, the fifteenth edition of the Copa MX under its current format and 82nd overall organized by the Mexican Football Federation, the governing body of association football in Mexico.

The final was contested in a two-legged home-and-away format between Monterrey and Tijuana. The first leg was hosted at Estadio Caliente in Tijuana on 21 October 2020, while the second leg was hosted at Estadio BBVA in Guadalupe on 4 November 2020. The finals were scheduled to take place on 8 and 22 April 2020 but were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. It was later announced the finals would be held on 16 and 23 September but were later postponed again to 21 October and 4 November 2020.

Estadio Caliente
Estadio Caliente is a multi-purpose stadium in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, located across the Tijuana River from the Mexico–United States border. It is the home of Club Tijuana of Liga MX. The stadium is also home of Galgos de Tijuana of the Liga de Fútbol Americano Profesional (LFA).
Powerlifting at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's 44 kg
The women's 44 kg powerlifting event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was contested on 9 September at the Beihang University Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This event was the second-lightest of the women's powerlifting weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of 44 kilograms (97.0 lb) of body mass.

As with all Paralympic powerlifting events, lifters competed in the bench press. Each athlete was allowed three attempts to bench press as much weight as possible. Athletes attempting to break a record were allowed a fourth attempt. For the attempt to be valid, the competitor must have lowered the weighted bar to her chest, held it motionless for a moment, then pressed the bar upwards until her arms were fully extended. If the competitor failed to meet these requirements or any other rule infraction was committed, the attempt was declared invalid by a team of three referees and the result struck from the record.

Paralympic powerlifting
Paralympic powerlifting, also known as para powerlifting and para-lifting, is an adaptation of the sport of powerlifting for athletes with disabilities. The only discipline in Paralympic powerlifting is the bench press. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (World Para Powerlifting) and is open to anyone with a minimum level of disability who can extend their arms within 20° of full extension during a lift. Powerlifting has been competed at the Summer Paralympics since 1984.
2020 San Jose City Council election
The 2020 San Jose City Council election took place on March 3, 2020, to elect five of the ten seats of the San Jose City Council, with runoff elections taking place on November 3, 2020. Runoffs only occurred if no candidate received more than 50% of the votes cast in the contest. Local elections in California are officially nonpartisan. Each councilmember is term-limited after two consecutive terms in office.

International Brotherhood of Teamsters
The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) is a labor union in the United States and Canada. Formed in 1903 by the merger of the Team Drivers International Union and the Teamsters National Union, the union now represents a diverse membership of blue- and white-collar workers in both the public and private sectors, totalling about 1.3 million members in 2015. The union was formerly called the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America.
Windermere Lake (Ontario)
Windermere Lake is the name of three significant lakes in Ontario, Canada.

one in Sudbury District, at 47°57′03″N 83°46′02″W﻿ / ﻿47.95083°N 83.76722°W﻿ / 47.95083; -83.76722

one in Nipissing District, at 46°02′46″N 78°40′06″W﻿ / ﻿46.04611°N 78.66833°W﻿ / 46.04611; -78.66833

one in Kenora District, at 49°48′26″N 93°48′38″W﻿ / ﻿49.80722°N 93.81056°W﻿ / 49.80722; -93.81056

Sudbury District
The Sudbury District is a district in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1894 from townships of eastern Algoma District and west Nipissing District. In 1973, the Regional Municipality of Sudbury was created as a separate jurisdiction out of the district.

The overwhelming majority of the district (about 92%) is unincorporated and part of Unorganized North Sudbury District. With the exception of Chapleau, all of the district's incorporated municipalities are found in the area immediately surrounding the city of Greater Sudbury to the west, east and south. North of the Greater Sudbury area, the district is sparsely populated; between Sudbury and Chapleau, only unincorporated settlements, ghost towns and small First Nations reserves are found.
Nepean Knights
The Nepean Knights is a minor lacrosse association playing within the Ontario Lacrosse Association. The name is also shared by The Nepean Knights Jr. B and a newly formed (2019) Junior C team. While the Jr. B team is privately owned, the Junior C team is owned by the minor association.

Nepean Nights Minor Lacrosse Assosication box lacrosse team from Nepean, Ontario, Canada.  The Knights play in the Ontario Lacrosse Association.

Junior "B" box lacrosse team from Nepean, Ontario, Canada.  The Knights play in the OLA Junior B Lacrosse League.

Junior "C" box lacrosse team from Nepean, Ontario, Canada.  The Nepean Knights play in the OLA Junior C Lacrosse League.

Ontario Junior B Lacrosse League
The Ontario Junior B Lacrosse League (OJBLL) is a box lacrosse league sanctioned by the Ontario Lacrosse Association in Canada.  The league features twenty-five teams in Ontario, one in Quebec, and one in the Akwesasne (which straddles the two aforementioned provinces and New York) that annually play a 20-game schedule and four rounds of playoffs for the J. A. MacDonald Trophy. After the conclusion of the playoffs, a league champion represents the OJBLL at the Founders Cup National Junior B Championship.
Moderates and Populars
Moderates and Populars (Italian: Moderati e Popolari, MeP) was a regionalist-centrist political party in Italy active in Apulia.

Soon after the 2010 regional election three disgruntled regional councillors coming from three different parties joined forces and launched their own party. These were Giacomo Olivieri (elected with Italy of Values), Nicola Canonico (Democratic Party) and Antonio Buccoliero (Apulians for Palese).

In January 2013 Olivieri resigned from the Regional Council and was replaced by Giacinto Forte (ex-Italy of Values, who joined the MeP), while in March the party was joined also by Antonio Martucci (ex-Italy of Values). At the national level both Olivieri and Forte were members of the Democratic Centre, a centrist party led by Bruno Tabacci, but this changed in March, when Olivieri left both parties and went on to launch Reality Italy.

In May 2013 the MeP chose to join the centre-right coalition, but this caused the exit of Buccoliero.

Democratic Centre (Italy)
Democratic Centre (Italian: Centro Democratico, CD) is a centrist, Christian leftist and social-liberal political party in Italy. Most of its members, including its leader Bruno Tabacci, are former Christian Democrats. Since its beginnings, the CD has been also part of the centre-left coalition, centred around the Democratic Party (PD).

The CD, along with the Italian Radicals and Forza Europa, was a founding member of More Europe (+E), a liberal party. As such, it was indirectly a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party (ALDE Party) at the level of European Union. The CD had formed a partnership with the ALDE Party since the 2014 European Parliament election.
Gwid son of Peithan
Gwid son of Peithan (fl. c. 600) was a warband leader allied with the northern Britons fighting against the Angles of Northumbria in the early 7th century, recorded in the Welsh poem Y Gododdin. He is described in Y Gododdin as a "steadfast warrior" and may have been either a southern Pict or a northern British chief.

His name may indicate that he was the father of the later Pictish kings Gartnait son of Uuid, Bridei son of Uuid, and Talorg son of Uuid who between them they ruled continuously from 631 to 653. His name may originally have read "Gwid son of Neithan", suggesting that he was the son of Neithon son of Guipno, king of the British kingdom of Alt Clut, who may in turn be the same person as the Nechtan grandson of Uerb recorded as king of the Picts from 595 to around 616.

Gartnait III
Gartnait son of Foith or son of Uuid (died 635) was a king of the Picts from 631 to 635.

The Pictish Chronicle king lists give him a reign of four years, corresponding with the Irish annals, although variants say five and eight years.

His death is reported by the Annals of Ulster for 637. He was followed by his brother Bridei son of Uuid according to the king lists. A third brother, Talorc, was king after Bruide.
Global field
In mathematics, a global field is one of two types of fields (the other one is local fields) that are characterized using valuations. There are two kinds of global fields:

Algebraic number field: A finite extension of

Global function field: The function field of an irreducible algebraic curve over a finite field, equivalently, a finite extension of , the field of rational functions in one variable over the finite field with  elements.

An axiomatic characterization of these fields via valuation theory was given by Emil Artin and George Whaples in the 1940s.

Degree of a field extension
In mathematics, more specifically field theory, the degree of a field extension is a rough measure of the "size" of the field extension. The concept plays an important role in many parts of mathematics, including algebra and number theory—indeed in any area where fields appear prominently.
Post-election pendulum for the 1990 Australian federal election
The Mackerras pendulum as a way of predicting the outcome of an election contested between two major parties in a Westminster style lower house legislature such as the Australian House of Representatives, which is composed of single-member electorates and which uses a preferential voting system such as a Condorcet method or instant-runoff voting.

The pendulum works by lining up all of the seats held in Parliament for the government, the opposition and the crossbenches according to the percentage point margin they are held by on a two party preferred basis. This is also known as the swing required for the seat to change hands. Given a uniform swing to the opposition or government parties, the number of seats that change hands can be predicted.

Crossbencher
A crossbencher is a minor party or independent member of some legislatures, such as the Parliament of Australia. In the British House of Lords the term refers to members of the parliamentary group of non-political peers. They take their name from the crossbenches, between and perpendicular to the government and opposition benches, where crossbenchers sit in the chamber.
Gooding (surname)
Gooding is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Caroline Gooding (1959–2014), British solicitor and activist for individuals with disabilities

Cuba Gooding Sr. (1944–2017), American soul singer
Cuba Gooding Jr. (born 1968), American actor and son of Cuba Gooding Sr.
Mason Gooding (born 1996), American actor and son of Cuba Gooding Jr.
Omar Gooding (born 1976), American actor and son of Cuba Gooding Sr.

Cynthia Gooding (1924–1988), American folk singer

David Gooding (1947–2009), British academic

Frank R. Gooding (1859–1928), American politician

Hattie B. Gooding (1877 - 1938), American publicity agent

Jason Gooding (born 1979), Trinidadian triathlete

Maria Simonds-Gooding (born 1939), Indian born Anglo-Irish artist

Mick Gooding (born 1959), British footballer

Caroline Gooding
Caroline Gillian Gooding (7 March 1959 – 19 July 2014) was a British solicitor and activist for disabled people. She took up activism after having a stroke while in her early 20s. Gooding directed her efforts to publishing literature advocating a human rights-based approach to disability, advising, assisting and leading governmental disability commissions, and drafting government legislation to improve the status of disabled individuals, such as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, the Disability Discrimination Act 2005 and the Equality Act 2010. The Caroline Gooding Memorial Lecture is named after the activist.
Blean Calkins
Blean Anson Calkins (August 11, 1921 in Marshalltown, Iowa - March 16, 2003 in Muscatine, Iowa) was a sports radio broadcaster for over 30 years. He was President of the National Sportscasters and Sportswriters Association (NSSA) 1978-1981, and served on the NSSA Board with such contemporaries as Curt Gowdy, Chris Schenkel, Keith Jackson and Ray Scott.

His birth was a difficult one, the attending doctor was credited with saving his life, so he was named in honor of Dr. Blean.

Calkins broadcast Iowa Hawkeyes basketball and football home games along with Iowa high school athletics on KWPC out of Muscatine for over 30 years.  Calkins also did morning drive sports on album rock 99 Plus through most of the 1980s.  Morning show host Andy Hammer dubbed it "Radio's biggest two minutes".

Muscatine, Iowa
Muscatine (/ˌmʌskəˈtin/ MUSS-kə-TEEN) is a city in and the county seat of Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The population was 23,797 at the time of the 2020 census, an increase from 22,697 in 2000. It is located along the Mississippi River. The local business association states that the name Muscatine is not used by any other community.

Muscatine is the principal city of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area (2010 census population 54,132) as of 2011 the estimate was 54,184, which includes all of Muscatine and Louisa counties, making it the 283rd-largest micropolitan statistical area.
X-class Melbourne tram
The X-class was a class of two Birney trams imported from United States manufacturers JG Brill Company and St Louis Car Company by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board. In June 1924 both entered service from Hawthorn depot on the Power Street to Hawthorn Bridge service. In 1928 both were transferred to Glenhuntly depot to operate the Point Ormond route.

In 1956, 217 was transferred to the isolated Footscray network. They also operated night services taking them as far as Brighton East, Malvern East and Coburg North. With the cessation of these services in 1957, both were withdrawn.

St. Louis Car Company
38°42′38″N 90°13′32″W﻿ / ﻿38.710668°N 90.225509°W﻿ / 38.710668; -90.225509

The St. Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars, streetcars, interurbans, trolleybuses and locomotives. Based in St. Louis, Missouri, it operated from 1887 to 1974.

Among its most successful products were the Birney Safety Car, made from 1915 until 1930, and the PCC streetcar, from 1936 to 1952.