hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meep (software)
Meep (MIT Electromagnetic Equation Propagation) is a free and open-source software package for electromagnetic simulations, developed by ab initio research group at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2006. Operating under Unix-like systems, it uses finite-difference time-domain method with perfectly matched layer or periodic boundary conditions for field computation.

Meep supports dispersive, nonlinear and anisotropic media, and features subpixel smoothing and parallelization, as well as an embedded frequency-domain solver for steady-state fields and eigenmode expansion. The package was subsequently expanded to include an adjoint solver for topology optimization and inverse design, and a Python interface.

The software is widely adopted by optics and photonics communities, with applications including the analysis and design of metalenses and photonic crystals.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Carol Littleton
Carol Sue Littleton, ACE (born October 23, 1942) is an American film editor. Her work includes Body Heat (1981), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), The Big Chill (1983), Places in the Heart (1984), Silverado (1985), The Accidental Tourist (1988), and Wyatt Earp (1994). She won the Primetime Emmy Award for the ABC movie Tuesdays with Morrie (1999). In January 2024, she received an Honorary Oscar for her work.

Wyatt Earp (film)
Wyatt Earp is a 1994 American epic biographical Western drama film about the lawman of the same name. Directed by Lawrence Kasdan, who co-wrote the screenplay with Dan Gordon, the film follows Earp from his early life to his career as a marshal and his involvement in the O.K. Corral gunfight. It features an ensemble cast led by Kevin Costner as Earp, with Gene Hackman, Mark Harmon, Michael Madsen, Catherine O'Hara, Bill Pullman, Dennis Quaid, Isabella Rossellini, Tom Sizemore, JoBeth Williams, and Mare Winningham in supporting roles.

The film was developed in competition with Tombstone, another adaptation of Earp's life and the O.K. Corral gunfight that came out six months earlier. Released on June 24, 1994, Wyatt Earp received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances and Kasdan's direction, but criticized the three-hour runtime and unfavorably compared it to Tombstone. It was a box office failure, grossing $55.9 million on a $63 million budget.
Johannes Molzahn
Johannes Molzahn (Duisburg, 21 May 1892 – Munich, 31 December 1965) was a German artist.

He was born in Duisburg. He learned drawing and photography, but later concentrated on painting. 1908 to 1914 he stayed in Switzerland. Molzahn became acquainted with Herwarth Walden, Walter Gropius, Theo van Doesburg and El Lissitzky. He was a member of the Arbeitsrat für Kunst and taught at the Staatliche Akademie für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe Breslau. After World War I he worked as a graphic designer and through intervention of Bruno Taut became a graphics teacher in Magdeburg. He was forbidden to work by the Nazis in 1933 and fired. Eight of his works were shown in the exhibition of entartete Kunst in 1937.

He emigrated to the United States in 1938 and returned to Germany 1959, settling in Munich. He died at age 73.

Walter Gropius
Walter Adolph Georg Gropius (German: [ˈvaltɐ ˈadɔlf ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈɡʁoːpiʊs]; 18 May 1883 – 5 July 1969) was a German-American architect and founder of the Bauhaus School, who is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modernist architecture. He was a founder of Bauhaus in Weimar and taught there for several years, becoming known as a leading proponent of the International Style. Gropius emigrated from Germany to England in 1934 and from England to the United States in 1937, where he spent much of the rest of his life teaching at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. In the United States he worked on several projects with Marcel Breuer and with the firm The Architects Collaborative, of which he was a founding partner. In 1959, he won the AIA Gold Medal, one of the most prestigious awards in architecture.
Be languages
Be (native pronunciation: [ʔɑŋ˧ɓe˧]), also known as Ong Be, Bê, or Vo Limgao (Chinese: 臨高話; pinyin: Lín'gāohuà), is a pair of languages spoken by 600,000 people, 100,000 of them monolingual, on the north-central coast of Hainan Island, including the suburbs of the provincial capital Haikou. The speakers are counted as part of the Han Chinese nationality in census. According to Ethnologue, it is taught in primary schools.

Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World (stylized as Ethnoloɠue) is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951 and is now published by SIL Global, an American evangelical Christian non-profit organization.
Hochosterwitz Castle
Hochosterwitz Castle (German: Burg Hochosterwitz, Slovene: Grad Ostrovica) is a castle in Austria, considered one of Austria's most impressive medieval castles. It is on a 172-metre-high (564 ft) dolomite rock near Sankt Georgen am Längsee, east of the town of Sankt Veit an der Glan in Carinthia. The rock castle is one of the state's landmarks and a major tourist attraction.

Rock castle
A rock castle (German: Felsenburg) is a type of medieval castle that directly incorporates natural rock outcrops into its defences to such an extent that the rock formations define the structure of the castle. Topographically, rock castles are classified as hill castles.
2001 Mississippi flag referendum
The 2001 Mississippi flag referendum was a legislatively referred state statute in the U.S. state, appearing on an April 17, 2001 special election ballot, an election held specifically for this referendum.

Voters were asked to choose between two propositions relating to the Flag of Mississippi. Proposition A would keep the then current flag, which featured the Confederate battle flag in the canton. Proposition B would have slightly altered the flag by replacing the rebel battle flag canton with another completely brand new and different canton of a blue square featuring 20 white stars, arranged in a circle row, representing Mississippi as the 20th state in the union. Voters chose proposition A, which maintained the then current flag until its replacement in 2021.

Legislative referral
A legislative referral (or legislative referendum) is a referendum in which a legislature puts proposed legislation up for popular vote. This may either be voluntarily or, as is the case in many countries for a constitutional amendment, as a mandatory part of the procedure for passing a law. These referrals, depending on the location, can either amend a constitution or enact a change in statute. It is a form of direct democracy. In some places it is known as an authorities referendum, authorities plebiscite, government initiated referendum, or top-down referendum It may originate from the legislative branch, executive branch, or a combination of the two.

An instrument of direct democracy, it is in contrast to citizens (or "bottom-up") initiative that is initiated from the public. With initiated statutes and amendments, voters both initiate and decide on the change of law. In a legislative referral, they only approve or reject laws which their legislature votes to place before them.
KBIB
KBIB (1000 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Spanish Religious format. Licensed to Marion, Texas, United States, it serves the San Antonio area.  The station is owned by Hispanic Community College.

1000 AM is a United States and Mexican clear-channel frequency; WMVP, KNWN and XEOY share Class A status.

XEOY-AM
XEOY-AM is an AM radio station in Mexico City. It is a Class A clear-channel station broadcasting on 1000 kHz. XEOY carries Spanish-language newscasts and contemporary music in English from the 1980s to the present day.

KNWN in Seattle, Washington, WMVP in Chicago, Illinois and XEOY-AM share Class A status of 1000 AM.
The Big Knife
The Big Knife is a 1955 American melodrama film directed and produced by Robert Aldrich from a screenplay by James Poe based on the 1949 play by Clifford Odets. The film stars Jack Palance, Ida Lupino, Wendell Corey, Jean Hagen, Rod Steiger, Shelley Winters, Ilka Chase, and Everett Sloane.

The story delves into the dark side of Hollywood, exploring themes of corruption, betrayal, and the destructive nature of fame. Jack Palance plays a conflicted movie star trapped by his own success and the manipulations of the film industry. The film is noted for its intense atmosphere and sharp critique of the pressures and moral compromises inherent in show business. It received critical acclaim for its direction, screenplay, and strong ensemble cast, cementing its place as a significant work in 1950s American cinema.

Wendell Corey
Wendell Reid Corey (March 20, 1914 – November 8, 1968) was an American stage, film, and television actor. He was President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and a board member of the Screen Actors Guild, and also served on the Santa Monica City Council.
Vester Egesborg Church
Vester Egesborg Church (Danish: Vester Egesborg Kirke) is located in Næstved Municipality of Region Zealand, Denmark. It was built in 1250–1300, with the addition of the tower and vestry around 1500. The choir was rebuilt at the end of the 18th century. The pulpit and altarpiece were carved around the middle of the 17th century by Abel Schrøder in the auricular style. The wrought iron baptismal font from the 1670s bears the arms of Niels Trolle and Helle Rosenkrantz. A farmer, John Jensen, believed that a church should also have a ship, so with his wife, he bequeathed money for that purpose; Neptunus hangs from the ceiling of the church.

The exterior faces of the church are in red brick with a stepped gable. It is located at a distance of about 3 miles (4.8 km) to the north of Kong where there is another church.

Region Zealand
Region Zealand (Danish: Region Sjælland) is an administrative region of Denmark. It is one of the five classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Denmark. It was established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish Municipal Reform, which abolished the traditional counties ("amter"). The region incorporates the southernmost parts of the country, and encompasses an area of 7,223 km2 (2,789 sq mi).

Zealand will merge with the Capital Region of Denmark on 1 January 2027 to create the Region of Eastern Denmark.

The region shares the island of Sjælland (Zealand) with the neighbouring Capital Region of Copenhagen. The region also includes the islands of Lolland, Falster, and Møn. It incorporates the provinces of Østsjælland and Vest-og Sydsjælland, which consists of 17 municipalities. With a population of just over 0.85 million, it is the second least populated of the all the regions in Denmark. The largest city is Roskilde.
Melaleuca sylvana
Melaleuca sylvana is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area near Ravenshoe in Queensland, Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with decussate, tiny egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, heads of white flowers and nearly spherical clusters of woody capsules.

Phyllotaxis
In botany, phyllotaxis (from Ancient Greek  φύλλον (phúllon)  'leaf' and  τάξις (táxis)  'arrangement') or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature.
Srđan Subotić
Srđan Subotić (pronounced [sř̩d͡ʑan sǔbotitɕ]; born 27 February 1980) is a Croatian professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach for Polski Cukier Toruń of the Polish Basketball League (PLK) and for the men's Croatia national under-18 team.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
2020 TCR Europe Touring Car Series
The 2020 TCR Europe Touring Car Series is the fifth season of TCR Europe Touring Car Series. The season will begin at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in April and May and will end at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in October.

Josh Files is the defending drivers' champion, while Target Competition is the defending teams' champion.

Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya
The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya (Catalan pronunciation: [siɾˈkujd də bəɾsəˈlonə kətəˈluɲə]) is a 4.657 km (2.894 mi) motorsport race track in Montmeló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. With long straights and a variety of corners, the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya is seen as an all-rounder circuit. The track has stands with a capacity of 140,700. The circuit has FIA Grade 1 license.

Until 2013 the track was known only as the Circuit de Catalunya, before a sponsorship deal with Barcelona City Council added Barcelona to the track's title.
Filip Novotný
Filip Novotný (born May 6, 1991) is a Czech professional ice hockey goaltender currently with HC Energie Karlovy Vary in the Czech Extraliga. He made his professional debut during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
Three Links
The Three Links or Three Linkages (Chinese: 三通; pinyin: sān tōng) was a 1979 proposal from the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to open up postal, transportation (especially airline), and trade links between mainland China and Taiwan, with the  goal of unifying Mainland China and Taiwan.

Before the establishment of the "Three Links", communication between the two sides were routed through intermediate destinations, primarily Hong Kong; Macau; Jeju, South Korea and Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The "Three Links" were officially established on 15 December 2008, with the commencement of direct flights, shipping and post.

Shanghai Airlines
Shanghai Airlines is an airline headquartered in Shanghai and a wholly owned subsidiary of China Eastern Airlines. Shanghai Airlines operates domestic and international services. The logo is a white crane on a red vertical tail fin. The airline operates flights out of Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport both located in Shanghai. The airline is an affiliate member of the SkyTeam airline alliance with its parent company China Eastern Airlines which is a full member of the alliance.
John R. Quarles Jr.
John R. Quarles Jr. (April 26, 1935 – October 29, 2012) was an American attorney who served as the Deputy Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Quarles graduated from Yale University and Harvard Law School. He joined the United States Department of the Interior in 1969 and assisted in the establishment of EPA in 1970. He later served as EPA's General Counsel, and Deputy Administrator from 1973 to 1977. He was later a partner and chairman of Morgan Lewis, a law firm in Washington, D.C. He retired from Morgan Lewis in 2006.

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (known as Morgan Lewis) is a U.S.-based, white-shoe international law firm founded in Philadelphia, in 1873. It operates 33 offices in North America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The firm advises clients in  numerous industry sectors, including energy, financial services, technology, and life sciences, representing close to 90 percent of Fortune 100 companies. It is most known for its historic amicus brief, filed in the U.S. Supreme Court in 2015, on behalf of 379 companies, making a business case for legalizing same-sex marriage across the country, and for its pro bono representations. It is the largest law firm chaired by a woman, Jami McKeon.
Grzegorz Piramowicz
Grzegorz Piramowicz (Grigor Pirumyan) (25 November 1735 in Lwów – 14 November 1801 in Międzyrzec Podlaski) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest, educator, writer, and philosopher of Armenian origin. He was a member of the Commission of National Education and Society for Elementary Books, and one of the founders of the Society of Friends of the Constitution.

He was born into an Armenian merchant family.

Commission of National Education
The Commission of National Education (Polish: Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, KEN, Lithuanian: Edukacinė komisija) was the central educational authority in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, created by the Sejm and King Stanisław II August on October 14, 1773. Because of its vast authority and autonomy, it is considered the first education ministry in European history and an important achievement of the Polish Enlightenment.
Cervantes, Ilocos Sur
Cervantes, officially the Municipality of Cervantes (Ilocano: Ili ti Cervantes; Filipino: Bayan ng Cervantes), is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 20,065 people.

The municipality is officially the Summer Capital of Ilocos Sur. It has a relatively cooler climate than most of lowland Ilocos Sur due to its topography and proximity to Mountain Province and Benguet. The municipality is home to the Bessang Pass Natural Monument.

Mountain Province
Mountain Province is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc while Bauko is the largest municipality. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name is usually shortened by locals to Mt. Province.

The province was named so for being in the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island.

Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in 1908, and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao.

The province is also known for its mummy caves, which contain naturally mummified bodies, and for its hanging coffins.
Aidan Brady (rugby union)
Aidan Malachy Brady (16 October 1939 — 16 April 2019) was an Irish rugby union international.

Brady, born in Dublin, was educated at Blackrock College and went on to study at UCD School of Medicine. He featured in two Leinster Senior Cup successes with UCD and captained the club to a win over Trinity in the 1964/65 Colours Match.

A hooker, Brady gained four Ireland caps during his career. His first selection, via UCD, came against Scotland at Lansdowne Road in the 1966 Five Nations Championship. Two years later, while playing in Northern Ireland for Malone, he made a further three Five Nations appearances, including wins over Scotland and Wales.

Brady practiced medicine in Chatham, Ontario, Canada.

The Colours Match
The Colours Match (Irish: Cluiche na nDathanna) is an annual rugby union fixture between Trinity College Dublin (Dublin University Football Club) and University College Dublin (University College Dublin R.F.C.) played since 1952. Rugby matches between UCD RFC and DUFC predate the inauguration of "The Colours Match", going back to 1919.
2024 NÖ Open – Doubles
Zdeněk Kolář and Blaž Rola were the defending champions but only Rola chose to defend his title, partnering Mohamed Safwat. They lost in the first round to Gerald Melzer and Lukas Neumayer.

Miloš Karol and Vitaliy Sachko won the title after defeating Karol Drzewiecki and Piotr Matuszewski 6–4, 2–6, [11–9] in the final.

Karol Drzewiecki
Karol Drzewiecki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkarɔl dʐɛˈvjɛtskʲi]; born 1 November 1995) is a Polish professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 820 achieved on 3 December 2018 and a doubles ranking of world No. 74 on 8 September 2025. Drzewiecki has won 12 ATP Challenger doubles titles.
Nulato Hills
The Nulato Hills are a mountain range in western Alaska between the Yukon River and Norton Sound. In the north, they merge into the lowlands of the Selawik River, in the south they extend into the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. At the Seward Peninsula level, the continental divide runs through the Nulato Hills. The Anvik River and the Bonasila River have their source in the Nulato Hills.

The extension in north–south direction is about 480 km (298 mi), in east–west up to 130 km (81 mi). The highest mountain in the Nulato Hills is Peak 4030 at 4,030 ft (1,228 m).

Between Kaltag on the Yukon and Unalakleet on the coast of Norton Sound, there is the Kaltag Portage, a passage through the coastal mountains, which was also used in 1925 for the dog sled relay to Nome caused by a diphtheria epidemic and is now part of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.

Unalakleet, Alaska
Unalakleet (/ˈjuːnələkliːt/ YOO-nə-lə-kleet; Inupiaq: Uŋalaqłiq, IPA: [uŋɐlɑχɬeq] or Uŋalaqłiit; Yup'ik: Ungalaqliit; Koyukon: Kk'aadoleetno’) is a city in Nome Census Area, Alaska, United States, in the western part of the state. As of the 2020 census, Unalakleet had a population of 765. Unalakleet is known in the region and around Alaska for its salmon and king crab harvests; the residents rely for much of their diet on caribou, ptarmigan, oogruk (bearded seal), and various salmon species.

Unalakleet is also known for its aesthetic value. It is located next to the Bering Sea and the large, clean Unalakleet River. The landscape also has trees, tundra, and hills behind it.