hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Groot-Ammers
Groot-Ammers is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and is located about 13 km southeast of Gouda on the southside of the Lek River.

In 2001, the town of Groot-Ammers had 2822 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.56 km², and contained 1059 residences.
The statistical area "Groot-Ammers", which also includes the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 3100.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Chuck Klausing
Chuck Klausing (April 19, 1925 – February 15, 2018) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Indiana University of Pennsylvania from 1964 to 1969 and at Carnegie Mellon University from 1976 to 1985, compiling a career college football record of 124–25–2. Klausing's 1968 IUP Indians team played in the Boardwalk Bowl, losing to Delaware. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1998. He retired as the 19th winningest coach in NCAA football history.

Indiana University of Pennsylvania
The Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) is a public research university in Indiana, Pennsylvania, United States. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High Spending and Doctorate Production". As of 2024, the university enrolled over 9,000 undergraduate and graduate students. It is governed by a local Council of Trustees and the Board of Governors of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. IUP has branch campuses at Punxsutawney, Northpointe, and Monroeville.
SS Arab
SS Arab was a steamship built by James & George Thomson and launched in 1879 for the Union Steamship Company.

She was transferred to the Union-Castle Mail Steamship Company in 1901 and scrapped that year at Harburg.

Arab brought home the New South Wales Contingent that had served in Sudan with British forces as part of the Suakin Expedition, arriving at Sydney on 19 June 1885.

Suakin Expedition
The Suakin Expedition was either of two British-Indian military expeditions, led by Major-General Sir Gerald Graham, to Suakin in Sudan, with the intention of destroying the power of the Sudanese military commander Osman Digna and his troops during the Mahdist War. The first expedition took place in February 1884 and the second in March 1885.
Temple Crag
Temple Crag is a mountain peak in the Palisades group of peaks of the Sierra Nevada with an elevation of 12,982 feet (3,957 m). The peak lies east of the Sierra Crest, between Mount Gayley and Mount Alice, straddling the drainages of the North and South Forks of Big Pine Creek. The peak's north face forms the backdrop for part of the North Fork Big Pine Creek hiking trail in the John Muir Wilderness and Inyo National Forest. It is also a rock climbing destination, with its arêtes hosting the routes Venusian Blind, Moon Goddess Arete, Sun Ribbon Arete, and Dark Star.

Sierra Crest
The Sierra Crest is a roughly 500 mi (800 km) generally north-to-south ridgeline that demarcates the broad west and narrow east slopes of the Sierra Nevada and that extends as far east as the Sierra's topographic front (e.g., Diamond Mountains and Sierran escarpment).  The northern and central Sierra Crest sections coincide with over 300 mi (480 km) of the Great Basin Divide,  and the southern crest demarcates Tulare and Inyo counties and extends through Kern County to meet the Tehachapi crest.  The Sierra Crest also forms two paths (bifurcates) around endorheic cirques (e.g., Cup Lake) between the west and east Sierra slopes.

Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a crest route along the Sierras.  He was instrumental in envisioning, exploring, and establishing the route of what became the John Muir Trail from Yosemite Valley along the crest of the Sierra Nevada to Mount Whitney.
Manbarra
The Manbarra, otherwise known as the Wulgurukaba, are Aboriginal Australian people, and the traditional custodians of the Palm Islands, Magnetic Island, and an area of mainland Queensland to the west of Townsville.

The Manbarra people were forcibly moved off the Palm Islands in the 1890s by the Queensland Government, and hundreds of people drawn from many Aboriginal nations on the mainland were moved to an Aboriginal reserve on Great Palm Island in 1914, becoming the Bwgcolman people, who inhabit the island today.

Aboriginal reserve
An Aboriginal reserve, also called simply reserve, was a government-sanctioned settlement for Aboriginal Australians, created under various state and federal legislation. Along with missions and other institutions, they were used from the 19th century to the 1960s to keep Aboriginal people separate from the white Australian population. The governments passed laws related to such reserves that gave them much power over all aspects of Aboriginal people’s lives.

Protectors of Aborigines and (later) Aboriginal Protection Boards were appointed to look after the interests of the Aboriginal people.
Borislav Novaković
Borislav Novaković, MSc (Cyrillic: Мр. Борислав Новаковић; born 21 October 1964 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian politician. He was a vice-president of People's Party until 2023. From 2000 to 2004, as a member of Democratic Party Novaković was the President of the city Assembly of Novi Sad. After failing re-election, this time in direct popular vote, he was appointed as Vice-President of the Assembly of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in 2004.

He graduated in sociology from the University of Novi Sad Faculty of Philosophy, where he also worked as a lecturer.

Master's degree in Europe
Master's degrees in Europe are the second cycle of the Bologna process, following on from undergraduate bachelor's degrees and preceding third cycle doctorates. Master's degrees typically take two years to complete, although the number of years varies between countries, and correspond to 60 – 120 ECTS credits. Within the European Higher Education Area, representing almost all countries in Europe, master's degrees are referenced to the Framework of Qualifications for the European Higher Education Area and national qualifications frameworks.
Bolivarian Youth Games
The Bolivarian Youth Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos de la Juventud) is a regional multi-sport event for athletes of up to 18 years old, organized by the Organización Deportiva Bolivariana (ODEBO). The games are held every four years with the first edition being held in Sucre, Bolivia from 4 to 14 April 2024.

The age range for athletes was originally approved following the same criteria as the International Olympic Committee for the Youth Olympic Games (between 15 and 18 years old). However, the first edition accepted athletes between 16 and 19 years old so as not to disrupt the participation of athletes who had been preparing for 2023 before the inaugural event was rescheduled from 2023 to 2024.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
Smithers Creek
Smithers Creek is a tributary of the Kanawha River, 7 miles (11 km) long, in southern West Virginia in the United States.  Via the Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 18.1 square miles (47 km2) on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.  The creek flows for its entire length in western Fayette County; its tributaries additionally drain a portion of eastern Kanawha County.

Smithers Creek rises in the unincorporated community of Mount Olive and flows generally southwestward through the unincorporated communities of Marting and Cannelton, to the city of Smithers, where it flows into the Kanawha River.  The creek is paralleled by a county road for most of its course.

The Geographic Names Information System lists "Smothers Creek," "Smuthers Creek," and "Smythers Creek" as historical variant names for the creek.

Kanawha County, West Virginia
Kanawha County (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745, making it West Virginia's most populous county. The county seat is Charleston, which is also the state capital and most populous city.
Kanawha County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Henry Eccles House
Henry Eccles House is a historic home located at Cool Springs Township, Iredell County, North Carolina.  The house was built about 1861, and is a two-story, three bay by two bay, frame Greek Revival style dwelling.  It has a low hipped roof, one-story rear addition, and two interior brick chimneys. Also on the property is a contributing log barn.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  The house was formerly known as the "Old Montgomery House".

Iredell County, North Carolina
Iredell County (/ˈaɪərdɛl/ EYE-ər-del) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 186,693. Its county seat is Statesville, and its largest community is Mooresville. The county was formed in 1788, subtracted from Rowan County. It is named for James Iredell, one of the first justices of the Supreme Court. Iredell County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget, with data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Ruth Lawrence
Ruth Elke Lawrence-Neimark (Hebrew: רות אלקה לורנס-נאימרק; born 2 August 1971) is a British-Israeli mathematician and a professor of mathematics at the Einstein Institute of Mathematics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a researcher in knot theory and algebraic topology. In the public eye, she is best known for having been a child prodigy in mathematics.

Communications in Mathematical Physics
Communications in Mathematical Physics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer. The journal publishes papers in all fields of mathematical physics, but focuses particularly in analysis related to condensed matter physics, statistical mechanics and quantum field theory, and in operator algebras, quantum information and relativity.
Spring Gully, South Carolina
Spring Gully is an unincorporated community in Georgetown County, in the U.S. state of South Carolina.

Spring Gully sits on U.S. Route 521. It is also approximately 2 miles east of Alternate U.S. Route 17, which leads Spring Gully to cities like Moncks Corner and Summerville.

Summerville, South Carolina
Summerville is a town in the U.S. state of South Carolina situated mostly in Dorchester County, with small portions in Berkeley and Charleston counties. It lies approximately five miles from the Ashley River. The population was 50,915 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in South Carolina. It is part of the Charleston metropolitan area.
Ben-Hadad I
Ben-Hadad I (Hebrew: בֶּן־הֲדַד, romanized: Ben-Hăḏaḏ), son of Tabrimmon and grandson of Hezion, was king of Aram-Damascus between 885 BCE and 865 BCE. Ben-Hadad I was reportedly a contemporary of kings Baasha of the Kingdom of Israel and Asa of the Kingdom of Judah.

According to the Biblical book of Kings, Asa called on Ben-Hadad I to aid him in attacking northern Israel while Baasha restricted access to Jerusalem through border fortifications. Ben-Hadad took the towns of "Ijon, Dan, Abel-beth-maachah, and all Chinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali" (1 Kings 15:20). This acquisition gave Aram-Damascus control of the trade route to southern Phoenicia. By the time of the reign of Ahab, the area was back in Israelite hands.

According to the archaeologist William Foxwell Albright, the Melqart stele should be attributed to Ben-Hadad I. However, Kenneth Kitchen disagrees and states that there is no actual evidence that connects that stele to this particular king.

William F. Albright
William Foxwell Albright (May 24, 1891 – September 19, 1971) was an American archaeologist, biblical scholar, philologist, and expert on ceramics. He is considered "one of the twentieth century's most influential American biblical scholars," having become known to the public in 1948 for his role in the authentication of the Dead Sea Scrolls. He was a leading theorist and practitioner of biblical archaeology, and is regarded as the founder of the biblical archaeology movement. Albright served as the W. W. Spence Professor of Semitic Languages at Johns Hopkins University from 1930 to 1958 and was the Director of the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem for several terms between 1922 and 1936.
Justin C. Morgan
Justin Colfax Morgan (July 8, 1900 – May 24, 1959) was an American lawyer and politician from New York and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of New York. Born in Buffalo, New York, Morgan received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Colgate University in 1921, and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Buffalo Law School in 1924.

Morgan entered private practice in Buffalo in 1925. He was an Assistant United States Attorney for the Western District of New York from 1928 to 1935. He was a councilman of the Town of Tonawanda from 1934 to 1940, and a member of the New York State Assembly from 1941 to 1956.

Colgate University
Colgate University is a private college in Hamilton, New York, United States. A liberal arts college, it was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890.

Colgate enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male. Students participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers an almost entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program leading to the Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference and ECAC Hockey.
Stylidium cordifolium
Stylidium cordifolium is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium (family Stylidiaceae). It is an erect annual plant that grows from 15 to 45 cm tall. Obovate or orbicular leaves, about 8-40 per plant, are scattered along the stems. The leaves are generally 3.5–8 mm long and about as wide. This species lacks a scape but has cymose inflorescences that are 4–13 cm long. Flowers are pink or red. S. cordifolium is found throughout tropical Australia, including northern Western Australia, in its typical habitat of swamp margins or moist sandy creekbanks. It flowers in the Southern Hemisphere from March to August. S. cordifolium is most closely related to S. javanicum, which has smaller leaves, sepals, capsules, and seeds. S. javanicum and S. cordifolium also differ in their distribution with S. javanicum's range not extending to Australia. Its conservation status has been assessed as data deficient.

Conservation status
The conservation status of a group of organisms (for example, a species) indicates whether the group still exists and how likely it is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation status—not simply the number of individuals remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, and known threats.

Various systems of conservation status are in use at international, multi-country, national and local levels, as well as for consumer use such as sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification. The two international systems are by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
Label dispenser
Label dispensers and label applicators  are machines built to simplify the process of removing a label from its liner or backing tape. Some are bench-top for dispensing the labels while others include the application of the label to the item (such as a package). Unlike label printer applicators, they dispense preprinted labels.

Label dispensers are generally intended to dispense a label to an operator who manually applies the label to the package. They are designed with varying sizes and features which are often specific to the type of label they can dispense and to the degree of automation desired.

Label applicators are usually part of a larger packaging line. They receive the package from a previous automation stage, apply the label, and feed the package to the next stage in the packaging line.

Bulk mail
Bulk mail broadly refers to mail that is mailed and processed in bulk at reduced rates.  The term is sometimes used as a synonym for advertising mail.

The United States Postal Service (USPS) defines bulk mail broadly as "quantities of mail prepared for mailing at reduced postage rates."  The preparation includes presorting and placing into containers by ZIP code.  The containers, along with a manifest, are taken to an area in a post office called a bulk-mail-entry unit.  The presorting and the use of containers allow highly automated mail processing, both in bulk and piecewise, in processing facilities called bulk mail centers (BMCs).

In 2009, the USPS announced plans to streamline sorting and delivery. BMCs were renamed Network Distribution Centers.
Calum Waters (footballer)
Calum Anderson Waters (born 10 March 1996) is a Scottish professional defender who plays for Scottish League One club Alloa Athletic. Waters has previously played for Celtic, Dumbarton, Alloa Athletic, Sligo Rovers, St Mirren, Kilmarnock and Greenock Morton.

Scottish League One
The Scottish League One, known as William Hill League One for sponsorship reasons, is the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish League One was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Ponderosa State Park
Ponderosa State Park is a public recreation area and state park occupying a peninsula in Payette Lake on the northeast edge of McCall in Valley County, Idaho, United States. The park's 1,515 acres (613 ha) include a second unit, called North Beach, located six miles (9.7 km) north of McCall at the northern extremity of the lake. The park has hiking and biking trails, guided walks, evening programs, beaches, picnic areas, and opportunities for skiing, snowshoeing, and wildlife watching. It is also home to the University of Idaho Field Campus.

Valley County, Idaho
Valley County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,746. The county seat is Cascade, and the largest city is McCall. Established in 1917, it was named after the Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River, which extends over 30 miles (50 km) from Payette Lake at McCall south to Cascade to Round Valley. The valley was formerly a summer pasture for livestock from the Boise Valley. Since the completion of the Cascade Dam in 1948, much of the northern valley has been covered by the Cascade Reservoir.

Valley County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.
Robert Bingham (glaciologist)
Robert George Bingham is a Professor in glaciology and geophysics at the University of Edinburgh. His research focuses on using geophysical, remote sensing, and modelling techniques to understand modern glacial change and processes, and on understanding the landforms left behind by retreating Northern Hemisphere glaciers at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum.

In 2013 he was awarded the Polar Medal, an award given to British citizens in recognition of acquisition of knowledge about polar regions, and who have undertaken polar expeditions in extreme hardship.

Polar regions of Earth
The polar regions, also called the frigid zones or polar zones, of Earth are Earth's polar ice caps, the regions of the planet that surround its geographical poles (the North Pole and the South Pole), lying within the polar circles. These high latitudes are dominated by floating sea ice covering much of the Arctic Ocean in the north, and by the Antarctic ice sheet on the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the south.
Edgemont, Calgary
Edgemont is a residential neighbourhood in northwest Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and is located north of the community of Dalhousie. It is also bounded by John Laurie Boulevard to the south, Sarcee Trail to the west, Country Hills Boulevard to the north, and Shaganappi Trail to the east.

Much of Edgemont is a northwest extension of Nose Hill, as evidenced by the steep escarpments at the southeast end of the community. The elevated position of Edgemont (1245m at its highest) provides views of the city to the south and the Rocky Mountains to the west.

The community began development in 1978, and was recently completed. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 4 councillor.

Nose Hill Park
Nose Hill Park is a natural park in the northwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta which covers over 11 km2 (4.2 sq mi). It is the fourth-largest urban park in Canada, and one of the largest urban parks in North America. It is a municipal park, unlike Fish Creek, which is a provincial park.  It was created in 1980.
Nimpkish Lake Provincial Park
Nimpkish Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park on northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada on Vancouver Island.  The park is  3,949 ha. in area and was established on 1995.  It is 32 km south of Port McNeill and on the southwest side of Nimpkish Lake.  Primary access is by boat launch, though radio-controlled logging roads lead to the edge of the park.  Western Forest Products in Woss, British Columbia should be contacted for road advisories.  The park is in the traditional territory of the Namgis First Nation.

The M/V Nimpkish in the BC Ferries fleet is named after the lake.

MV Nimpkish
MV Nimpkish is an N-class ferry formerly owned by BC Ferries. Entering service with the British Columbia Ministry of Transportation in 1973, the vessel was transferred to BC Ferries in 1985. Beginning in 2014 the ship did runs on the Discovery Coast Connector service, for which the ship received a negative reception, and was replaced in 2017. The ship was formally sold in 2020