hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tulak (Golden Horde)
Tūlāk (Turki/Kypchak: تولاک; Persian: توکل; Teljak, Tjuljak, Tetjak in Russian texts; died 1380) was Khan of part of the Golden Horde from 1379 to 1380. He was a protégé of Mamai, a beglerbeg. While Tūlāk was recognized as khan throughout the territories dominated by his patron Mamai, he was not in possession of the traditional capital Sarai.

Cuman language
Cuman or Kuman (also called Kipchak, Qypchaq or Polovtsian, self referred to as Tatar (tatar til) in Codex Cumanicus) was a West Kipchak Turkic language spoken by the Cumans (Polovtsy, Folban, Vallany, Kun) and Kipchaks; the language was similar to today's various languages of the West Kipchak branch. Cuman is documented in medieval works, including the Codex Cumanicus, and in early modern manuscripts, like the notebook of Benedictine monk Johannes ex Grafing.
The Davidson Leader
The Davidson Leader is a weekly newspaper in Saskatchewan, Canada, serving the communities of Davidson, Girvin, Bladworth, Kenaston, Hanley, Dundurn, Elbow, Loreburn, Imperial, and Craik. It is published by Davidson Leader Inc.

Loreburn, Saskatchewan
Loreburn (2016 population: 107) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Loreburn No. 254 and Census Division No. 11. The village is about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) north of Elbow and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south-east of Danielson Provincial Park, which is located near Gardiner Dam, Lake Diefenbaker.
Astley Burf
Astley Burf is a hamlet in the parish of Astley, Worcestershire, England, on the banks of the River Severn. Within the hamlet there is one riverside public house The Hampstall.

Astley Burf contains an Outdoor Education centre, owned by Dudley Council, and used by Dudley schools during the Spring and Summer.

Outdoor education
Outdoor education is organized learning that takes place in the outdoors, such as during school camping trips. Outdoor education programs sometimes involve residential or journey wilderness-based experiences which engage participants in a variety of adventurous challenges and outdoor activities such as hiking, climbing, canoeing, ropes courses and group games.  Outdoor education draws upon the philosophy, theory, and practices of experiential education and environmental education.
History of Wrexham
The city of Wrexham in north-east Wales has a history dating back to ancient times. The former market town was the site of heavy industry in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is now an active commercial centre. Wrexham was granted city status in 2022.

Ruabon
Ruabon (Welsh: Rhiwabon; pronounced [r̥ɪʊˈɑːbɔn]) is a village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. The name comes from Rhiw Fabon, rhiw being the Welsh word for "slope" or "hillside" and Fabon being a mutation from St Mabon, the original church name, of earlier, Celtic origin. An older English spelling, Rhuabon, can sometimes be seen.

From the mid-19th century, Ruabon became famous across the UK, for its red bricks and terracotta, which earnt the village the nickname "Terracottapolis". The local discovery of high-quality Etruria marl clay led to the rise of the Dennis Ruabon Tile Factory, whose durable and richly coloured products were used nationwide. The tiles were used in landmark projects such as Cardiff's Pier Head and Liverpool University's Victoria Building.

In 2001, more than 80% of the population of 2,400 were born in Wales, with 13.6% having some ability in Welsh.
Christy Karacas
Christy C. Karacas (born March 8, 1975) is an American animator, writer, producer, director, voice actor and musician. He is known for creating Superjail! and Ballmastrz: 9009 and Robotomy for Cartoon Network, the former two for its programming block Adult Swim. He is also a guitarist of the rock band Cheeseburger.

Daria
Daria is an American teen animated sitcom created by Glenn Eichler and Susie Lewis Lynn. The series ran from March 3, 1997, to January 21, 2002, on MTV. It centers on the titular character, Daria Morgendorffer, an intelligent, cynical high school student, voiced by Tracy Grandstaff, who had voiced the character in Mike Judge's earlier animated series, Beavis and Butt-Head.

It is a spin-off of Beavis and Butt-Head, in which Daria appeared as a recurring character. Although Judge allowed the character to star in a spin-off, he had no involvement in the production of Daria himself, as he was busy working on King of the Hill.
Aemulor
In computing, Aemulor is an emulator of the earlier 26-bit addressing-mode ARM microprocessors. It runs on ARM processors under 32-bit addressing-mode versions of RISC OS. It was written by Adrian Lees and released in 2003. An enhanced version is available under the name Aemulor Pro.

The software allows Raspberry Pi, Iyonix PC and A9home computers running RISC OS to make use of some software written for older hardware. As of 2012, compatibility with the BeagleBoard single-board computer was under development.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Karumbanoor
Karumbanoor is a village/hamlet in Alangulam Taluk in Tenkasi District of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It comes under Andipatti Panchayath. It is located 23 km East of District headquarters Tenkasi. It is 12 km from Keelapavoor and 750 km from the state capital, Chennai. The Karumbanoor Pin code is 627851 and postal head office is Alangulam.Karumbanoor is surrounded by Kadayam Taluk on the west, Keelapavoor Taluk on the North, Pappakudi Taluk on the South, Surandai Taluk on the North. Cities near to Karumbanoor are Alangulam, Surandai, Vikramasingapuram, Tenkasi, Shenkottai.

Tirunelveli district
Tirunelveli district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. It is the largest district in terms of area with Tirunelveli as its headquarters. The district was formed on 1 September 1790 by the British East India Company (on behalf of the British government) and comprised the present Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi, Tenkasi and parts of Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram district. As of 2011, the undivided district (along with Tenkasi) had a population of 30,77,233.
Widad Mendil
Widad Mendil (Arabic: وداد منديل; born May 12, 1983) is an Algerian steeplechase runner. Mendil represented Algeria at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for the first ever women's 3000 metres steeplechase. She ran in the first heat against sixteen other athletes, including Russia's Gulnara Galkina-Samitova, who eventually became an Olympic champion in the final. She finished the race in last place by three seconds behind Japan's Minori Hayakari, with a time of 9:52.35. Mendil, however, failed to advance into the final, as she placed thirty-seventh overall, and was ranked below four mandatory slots for the next round.

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase
The women's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 2008 Summer Olympics occurred on 15–17 August at the Beijing National Stadium, the first time this event had ever been held at the Olympics.

The qualifying standards were 9:46.00 (A standard) and 9:55.00 (B standard).

In the Final, Gulnara Samitova-Galkina of Russia won by 8.60 seconds, with a new world record of 8:58.81. She was the first woman to break the nine-minute barrier for this event.

Bronze medalist Yekaterina Volkova of Russia tested positive for dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol) and was disqualified.
HaGoshrim
HaGoshrim (Hebrew: הַגּוֹשְׁרִים, lit. 'The Bridge Builders') is a kibbutz in the Galilee Panhandle in northern Israel, 5 km (3 miles) east of Kiryat Shmona. The kibbutz is adjacent to the Hurshat Tal National Park and bisected by tributaries of the Jordan River, the Snir (Hatsbani), Koren, itself a tributary of the Dan and Tal. In 2022 it had a population of 1,081.

Hurshat Tal
Hurshat Tal (Hebrew: חורשת טל, lit. "Dew Grove") is a national park and nature reserve in the Northern District of Israel. In 1968, 765 dunams were declared national park lands (visitor facilities occupying approximately 250 dunams) and 107 dunams were declared a nature reserve.
Jason Liang
Jason Liang is an American chess player. He has held the titles of National Master since 2018, FIDE Master since 2019, and International Master since 2021.  In 2022, he received the Arthur Award for Chess Excellence from the Eade Foundation.  In May 2023, he was selected to receive a Samford Fellowship by the U.S. Chess Trust.  He was ranked World #33 junior chess player by FIDE on April 1, 2023.

Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.
Porcupine Mountains
The Porcupine Mountains, or Porkies, are a group of small mountains spanning the northwestern Upper Peninsula of Michigan in Ontonagon and Gogebic counties, near the shore of Lake Superior. The Porcupine Mountains were named by the native Ojibwa people, supposedly because their silhouette had the shape of a crouching porcupine. They are home to the most extensive stand of old growth northern hardwood forest in North America west of the Adirondack Mountains, spanning at least 31,000 acres (13,000 ha). The area is popular among tourists, especially Lake of the Clouds in the heart of the mountains, and is part of Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park.

The Porcupine Mountains were the site of copper mining in the 19th century. One of these mines is the Nonesuch Mine, which operated sporadically from 1867 to 1912. Because of its copper mining history, the state park is a cooperating unit of Keweenaw National Historical Park.

Gogebic County, Michigan
Gogebic County (/ɡoʊˈɡiːbɪk/ goh-GHEE-bik or /ɡoʊˈɡɛbɪk/ goh-GHEH-bik) is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,380. The county seat is Bessemer. Gogebic County is the westernmost county in Michigan, and is one of four Michigan counties within the Central Time Zone. Gogebic County borders Wisconsin to the south, and has a shoreline on Lake Superior to the north.

Gogebic County has long been territory of the Lake Superior Chippewa. The Lac Vieux Desert Indian Reservation is located within Gogebic County.
William Fernandez
William Fernandez was a Luso-African in the Pongo River area of Guinea in the early nineteenth century.

In the 1750s William Settel Fernandes married the daughter of a Baga leader.

In 1885, at Rio Nunez, Dr. Bayol, the future governor of Rivières du Sud, met William Fernandez king of the Bramaya.

Pongo River (Guinea)
The Pongo River or Rio Pongo is a river that flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Boffa, Guinea. Its source is located in Fouta Djallon. The surrounding area has also been known as "Pongoland" or "Bongo Country".
Lotu Inisi
Lotu Inisi (born 26 April 1999) is a Tongan rugby union player who plays for Moana Pasifika in Super Rugby. His playing position is flanker. He was named in the Moana Pasifika squad for the 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season. He also represented North Harbour in the 2021 Bunnings NPC.

2021 Bunnings NPC
The 2021 Bunnings NPC season was the 16th season of New Zealand's provincial rugby union competition since it turned professional in 2006. The regular season began on August 6, when Manawatu hosted Counties Manukau. It involved the top 14 rugby unions in New Zealand. For sponsorship reasons, the competition was known as the Bunnings NPC and it was the first season under the lead sponsor and to carry the NPC moniker since 2005. The winner of the Championship, Taranaki wasn't promoted to the Premiership due to a format restructure earlier in the season. Despite finishing seventh in the Premiership, Auckland was not relegated to the Championship, having only played two matches due to a resurgence of COVID-19 in the Auckland Region.
Coenotes eremophilae
Coenotes eremophilae is a species of moth of the  family Sphingidae first described by Thomas Pennington Lucas in 1891. It is known from Queensland, Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

The wingspan is about 50 mm.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Eremophila bowmanii, Eremophila freelingii, Eremophila latrobei, Eremophila longifolia, Eremophila sturtii, Eremophila mitchellii, Myoporum deserti, Myoporum montanum, Carissa lanceolata, Gyrocarpus americanus, Prostanthera striatiflora, Hibiscus panduriformis, Acacia farnesitana, Sesamum indicum, Santalum acuminatum, Duboisia myoporoides and Clerodendrum floribundum.

Clerodendrum floribundum
Clerodendrum floribundum, known as the lolly bush or smooth clerodendrum, is a shrub or tree found in Australia and New Guinea. Its habitat is in or at the margins of coastal rainforests, up to 300 metres above sea level. In Western Australia it grows in drier areas, such as rocky sites, gorges, cliffs, floodplains and creek beds.
Novopokrovka, Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast
Novopokrovka (Ukrainian: Новопокровка) is a village (a selo) in the Polohy Raion (district) of Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southern Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Novopokrovka belonged to Orikhiv Raion. The raion was abolished that day as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zaporizhzhia Oblast to five. The area of Orikhiv Raion was merged into Polohy Raion.

Davyd Zhvania, a member of the Ukrainian Parliament, died on 9 May 2022 in shelling near the village, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 27 October 2022, the village was occupied by Russian forces.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Wayne White
Wayne White could refer to:

Wayne White (artist) (born 1957), American artist, art director, puppeteer, set designer, animator, cartoonist and illustrator

Wayne White (cricketer) (born 1985), English former cricketer

Wayne White (cricketer)
Wayne Andrew White (born 22 September 1985) is an English former cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler. He was born at Derby and played for Derbyshire until the end of the 2008 season. He was released and Leicestershire signed him on trial. He impressed in pre-season and was subsequently signed, ending up spending the majority of the rest of his career there over two spells until his abrupt retirement at the age of 30.
Pocket Paint
Pocket Paint is the Windows CE version of the raster graphics editor Microsoft Paint accessory commonly included with the Windows operating system. Because it is written to run on the leaner Windows CE operating system, it lacks a few of the features found in its bigger brother for the desktop. The only image format supported is BMP.

Pocket Paint was bundled as part of Microsoft's Handheld PC and Palm-size PC Power Toys for Windows CE. Like the desktop Power Toys, the applications included in this freeware distribution were not officially supported by Microsoft, although most if not all were written by the operating system developers.

Pocket Paint has not been included with any of Microsoft's next-generation Power Toys for the CE operating system, such as the Pocket PC platform, and appears to be abandoned.

BMP file format
The BMP file format, or bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.

The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles. The Windows Metafile (WMF) specification covers the BMP file format.
Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl
Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl is a 2020 Indian Hindi-language biographical drama film, directed by Sharan Sharma and produced under Dharma Productions and Zee Studios. The film stars Janhvi Kapoor as Indian Air Force pilot Gunjan Saxena, one of the first women to fly in a combat zone, alongside Pankaj Tripathi and Angad Bedi in supporting roles.

Principal photography commenced in February 2019 and was wrapped up in October; it was extensively filmed across Lucknow. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the film was unable to release theatrically and was picked up for distribution by Netflix. It was released globally on 12 August 2020.

At the 66th Filmfare Awards, Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl received 8 nominations, including Best Film, Best Director (Sharma), Best Actress (Kapoor) and Best Supporting Actor (Tripathi).

Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor
The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role. Although the awards started in 1954, awards for the best supporting actor category started only in 1955. As of 2023, Anil Kapoor leads the list, with four wins. Vivek Oberoi (Company, 2003) holds the record for being the youngest recipient of the award, whereas Anil Kapoor has the record for being the oldest (Jugjugg Jeeyo, 2023). Abhishek Bachchan holds the record for winning the award thrice consecutively (2005, 2006 & 2007).
Speechless (Dan + Shay song)
"Speechless" is a song recorded by American country music duo Dan + Shay for their 2018 self-titled third studio album. The song was written by Dan Smyers and Shay Mooney along with Jordan Reynolds, Spencer Saylor and Laura Veltz. It was first released digitally as a promotional single on May 18, 2018. "Speechless" was serviced to country radio on August 6, 2018 as the album's second official single. A new version featuring Tori Kelly was released on June 6, 2019.

"Speechless" reached number one on both the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts. It also peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100. In Canada, the song has reached number 2 on the Canada Country airplay chart and at number 41 on the Canadian Hot 100. "Speechless" was certified seven times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and triple platinum by Music Canada.

Music Canada
Music Canada is a non-profit trade organization that was founded 9 April 1963 in Toronto to represent the interests of companies that record, manufacture, produce, and distribute music in Canada. It also offers benefits to some of Canada's leading independent record labels and distributors. It was known as the Canadian Record Manufacturer's Association (French: Association canadienne des fabricants de disques) until 1972 and the Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA) (French: Association de l'industrie canadienne de l'enregistrement) until 2011.
Christopher J. Coates
Lieutenant-General Christopher J. Coates CMM MSM CD is a former military officer of the Royal Canadian Air Force. In July 2020, he replaced Lieutenant-General Michael Rouleau as commander of Canadian Joint Operations Command. From July 2018 until July 2020, he was the deputy commander of North American Aerospace Defense Command succeeding Lieutenant-General Pierre St-Amand.

Canadian Joint Operations Command
The Canadian Joint Operations Command (CJOC; French: Commandement des opérations interarmées du Canada) is one of the two unified commands for the military operations of the Canadian Armed Forces, the other being the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command. CJOC was announced in May 2012 as the result of the cost-cutting measures in the 2012 federal budget through the merger of Canada Command, the Canadian Expeditionary Force Command and the Canadian Operational Support Command under an integrated command-and-control structure. The command was stood up on 5 October 2012 to officially replace the three former organizations.

CJOC's role is to "anticipate and conduct Canadian Forces operations, and develop, generate and integrate joint force capabilities for operations."
Hilton Arts Festival
The Hilton Arts Festival is an arts festival in South Africa. It is held on the Hilton College campus each year in August and runs for four days. The festival began in 1993 and was designed to emulate the National Arts Festival in Grahamstown.

The annual Hilton Arts Festival features a program of theatre, music, dance, craft and visual art, as well as food. The Hilton College Theatre is the second largest, fixed-seated venue in KwaZulu-Natal, with a seating capacity of 486.

The festival is attended by a large number of well known local and international stars, such as Christopher Duigan and 
Johnny Clegg.

Johnny Clegg
Jonathan Paul Clegg, OBE OIS (7 June 1953 – 16 July 2019) was a British-born South African musician, singer-songwriter, dancer, anthropologist and anti-apartheid activist.

He first performed as part of a duo - Johnny & Sipho - with Sipho Mchunu which released its first single, "Woza Friday" in 1976. The two then went on to form the band Juluka which released its debut album in 1979. In 1986, Clegg founded the band Savuka, and also recorded as a solo act, occasionally reuniting with his earlier band partners. Sometimes called Le Zoulou Blanc (French: [lə zulu blɑ̃], for "The White Zulu"), he was an important figure in South African popular music and a prominent white figure in the resistance to apartheid, becoming for a period the subject of investigation by the security branch of the South African Police. His songs mixed English with Zulu lyrics, and also combined working class African music with various forms of Western popular music.
Altar Stone (Stonehenge)
The Altar Stone is a recumbent central megalith at Stonehenge in England, dating to Stonehenge phase 3i, around 2600 BCE. It is identified as Stone 80 in scholarly articles.

Its name probably comes from a 1620 comment by Inigo Jones who wrote:

‘... whether it might be an Altar or no I leave to the judgment of others’.

Inigo Jones
Inigo Jones (15 July 1573 – 21 June 1652) was an English architect who was the first significant architect in England in the early modern era and the first to employ Vitruvian rules of proportion and symmetry in his buildings.
As the most notable architect in England, Jones was the first person to introduce the classical architecture of Rome and the Italian Renaissance to England. He left his mark on London by his design of single buildings, such as the Queen's House which is the first building in England designed in a pure classical style, and the Banqueting House, Whitehall, as well as the layout for Covent Garden square which became a model for future developments in the West End. He made major contributions to stage design by his work as a theatrical designer for several dozen masques, most by royal command and many in collaboration with Ben Jonson.