hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calephelis perditalis
Calephelis perditalis,  also known as the rounded metalmark or lost metalmark, is a species of butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Texas in the United States and Mexico, south to Venezuela. The species was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1918.

The wingspan is 18–24 mm.

The larvae feed on Chromolaena odorata and Eupatorium glabratum.

Chromolaena odorata
Chromolaena odorata is also known as jack in the bush. It is a tropical and subtropical  species of flowering shrub in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Americas, from Florida and Texas in the United States south through Mexico and the Caribbean to South America. It has been introduced to tropical Asia, West Africa, and parts of Australia.
Salvador Ragusa
Salvador Armando Ragusa (born 14 April 1945) is an Argentine football manager.

He managed clubs in Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador as well as Herediano in Costa Rica.

He hails from Rosario. While being a fan of Rosario Central, he started his manager career in Central Córdoba de Rosario in 1989. Ragusa also spent several years managing clubs in Córdoba including Instituto, Talleres and Racing. Among others, he led Talleres to promotion from the 1993–94 Primera B Nacional, but left thereafter due to disagreements with "the leaders".

Taking over Altos Hornos Zapla during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina, Ragusa claimed that he was attacked by barras bravas members in the winter of 2021. "Never in my life have they come to press me at my home with knives", Ragusa stated to Channel 4, but he "decided to stay at the club until the tournament was over".

Altos Hornos Zapla
Asociación Cultural y Deportiva Altos Hornos Zapla is an Argentine football club from Palpalá, in the Jujuy Province of Argentina. The team currently plays in the regionalised 4th level of Argentinian football, the Torneo Argentino B.
2000 Missouri Democratic presidential primary
The 2000 Missouri Democratic presidential primary took place on March 7, 2000, as one of 15 states and one territory holding primaries on the same day, known as Super Tuesday, in the Democratic Party primaries for the 2000 presidential election. The Missouri primary was an open primary, with the state awarding 92 delegates  towards the 2000 Democratic National Convention, of which 75 were pledged delegates allocated on the basis of the results of the primary.

Vice president Al Gore had won the primary by a landslide, taking around 64% of the vote, winning every county in the state but Jefferson and Ste. Genevieve, and gaining 51 delegates, while senator Bill Bradley received almost 34% of the vote and 24 delegates. Jefferson County is the site of Crystal City, where Bradley was born and raised.

Jefferson County, Missouri
Jefferson County is located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 226,739, making it the sixth-most populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Hillsboro. The county was organized in 1818 and named in honor of former president Thomas Jefferson. In 1980, according to the U.S. census held that year, the county contained the mean center of U.S. population. Notably, this was the first census in which the center of population was west of the Mississippi River. Jefferson County is part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area and encompasses many of the city's southern suburbs.
Primary lateral sclerosis
Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a very rare neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness in the voluntary muscles. PLS belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases. Motor neuron diseases develop when the nerve cells that control voluntary muscle movement degenerate and die, causing weakness in the muscles they control.

PLS only affects upper motor neurons.  There is no evidence of the degeneration of spinal motor neurons or muscle wasting (amyotrophy) that occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Neuromuscular disease
A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit. Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur.

Neuromuscular diseases can be acquired or genetic. Mutations of more than 650 genes have shown to be causes of neuromuscular diseases. Other causes include nerve or muscle degeneration, autoimmunity, toxins, medications, malnutrition, metabolic derangements, hormone imbalances, infection, nerve compression/entrapment, comprised blood supply, and trauma.
Zbigniew Turski
Zbigniew Turski (21 July 1908 – 6 January 1979) was a Polish composer. He was born in Konstancin and died in Warsaw. Polish composer and conductor Zbigniew Turski won the gold medal at the 1948 London Olympic Art Competitions for his Symfonia Olimpijska ("Olympic Symphony") in the category of Music, Compositions for Orchestra.

A graduate of the Warsaw Conservatory, Turski became musical director of Warsaw Radio in 1939. In 1945, he co-founded the Baltic Philharmonic. He taught composition at the Warsaw Theatre Academy (1948–49) and later at the Warsaw Chopin Academy of Music (1951–52). From 1957 until shortly before his death, he served as music director of the Contemporary Theatre in Warsaw, and in 1959–60 he was president of the Polish Composers' Union. Turski was particularly renowned for his theatre music.

Konstancin
Konstancin [kɔnsˈtant͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Góra Świętej Małgorzaty, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Łęczyca and 36 km (22 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
Lee Chang-gil
Lee Chang-gil (21 March 1949 – 2002) was a South Korean boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he lost to Ronnie Harris of the United States.

Boxing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The Lightweight class in the boxing competition was the fifth-lowest weight class.  Lightweights were limited to those boxers weighing a maximum of 60 kilograms (132.3 lbs). 37 boxers qualified for this category. Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss. Bouts consisted of six rounds each. Five judges scored each bout.
Alexandra Stakes (MVRC)
The Alexandra Stakes is a Moonee Valley Racing Club Group 3 Australian Thoroughbred horse race for three year old fillies, at set weights with penalties, over a distance of 1600 metres, held at Moonee Valley Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia late March.

Moonee Valley Racing Club
The Moonee Valley Racing Club (MVRC) was founded by William Samuel (W.S.) Cox), in 1883 is located at The Valley Racecourse on McPherson Street, Moonee Ponds (a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia). It is one of three racing clubs in the Melbourne metropolitan area; the others are the Victoria Racing Club and the Melbourne Racing Club.
Dantzler
Dantzler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cameron Dantzler (born 1998), American football player

Connor Dantzler (born 1994), American athlete

Rick Dantzler (born 1956), American lawyer and politician

T. C. Dantzler (born 1970), American Greco-Roman wrestler

Tom Dantzler (born 1941), American politician

Woodrow Dantzler (born 1979), American football player

Rick Dantzler
Rick Dantzler (born January 1956) is an American lawyer, former Florida politician, and a member of the Democratic Party.  From Winter Haven, Dantzler served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1982 to 1990, and in the Florida Senate from 1990 to 1998.  He was Buddy MacKay's running mate in the 1998 Florida gubernatorial election; they lost to Jeb Bush and Frank Brogan.  From 2014 to 2017, Dantzler was President Obama's appointed Florida State Executive Director of the Farm Service Agency.

Born into a family of politicians, Dantzler is a lawyer and writer.  With his wife Julie (née Pope), Dantzler has two adult daughters.  A member of the Florida Bar since 1983, Dantzler was specializing in agricultural law at the Victor Smith Law Group law firm by May 2018.  That July, Dantzler was hired as chief operating officer of the Lake Alfred, Florida-based Citrus Research and Development Foundation.
December 9th Movement
The December 9th Movement (simplified Chinese: 一二•九运动; traditional Chinese: 一二•九運動) was a mass protest led by students in Beiping (present-day Beijing) on December 9, 1935, to demand that the Chinese government actively resist Japanese aggression.

Names of Beijing
"Beijing" is from pinyin Běijīng, which is romanized from 北京, the Chinese name for this city. The pinyin system of transliteration was approved by the Chinese government in 1958, but little used until 1979. It was gradually adopted by various news organizations, governments, and international agencies over the next decade.
YEd
yEd is a general-purpose diagramming program with a multi-document interface.

It is a cross-platform application written in Java that runs on Windows, Linux, Mac OS, and other platforms that support the Java Virtual Machine.

It is released under a proprietary software license, that allows using a single copy gratis.

An online version of yEd, yEd Live, also exists, and there is a Confluence version of yEd,
Graphity for Confluence.

yEd can be used to draw many different types of diagrams, including flowcharts, network diagrams, UMLs, BPMN, mind maps, organization charts, and entity-relationship diagrams. yEd also allows the use of custom vector and raster graphics as diagram elements.

yEd loads and saves diagrams from/to GraphML, an XML-based format. It can also print very large diagrams that span multiple pages.

Business Process Model and Notation
Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a graphical representation for specifying business processes in a business process model.

Originally developed by the Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI), BPMN has been maintained by the Object Management Group (OMG) since the two organizations merged in 2005. Version 2.0 of BPMN was released in January 2011, at which point the name was amended to Business Process Model and Notation to reflect the introduction of execution semantics, which  were introduced alongside the existing notational and diagramming elements. Though it is an OMG specification, BPMN is also ratified as ISO 19510. The latest version is BPMN 2.0.2, published in January 2014.
Geology of Algeria
The geology of Algeria is diverse; the country divides into three different tectono-stratigraphic domains. In the south and west is the West African Craton which consists of Precambrian granitic basement and surrounding Neoproterozoic mobile belts. Further south the Tuareg Shield comprises the Hoggar, Adrar des Iforas and Air sub-shields which have each been affected by tectono-thermal events touching much of the continent. In the north are the Alpine chain mountains with a succession of folded and over-thrust strata.

Basement (geology)
In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments. They are sometimes exposed at the surface, but often they are buried under miles of rock and sediment. The basement rocks lie below a sedimentary platform or cover, or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basins that are metamorphic or igneous in origin. In the same way, the sediments or sedimentary rocks on top of the basement can be called a "cover" or "sedimentary cover".

Basement rock consists of continental crustal rock which has been modified several times through tectonic events including deformation, metamorphism, deposition, partial melting and magmatism.
Gornomariysky District
Gornomariysky District (Russian: Горномари́йский райо́н; Meadow Mari: Курыкмарий кундем, Kurykmarij kundem; Hill Mari: Кырык мары кымдем, Kyryk mary kymdem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fourteen in the Mari El Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and is the only district on the right bank of the Volga River. It borders with Yurinsky District in the north, Kilemarsky District and the Chuvash Republic in the south, and with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,730 square kilometers (670 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kozmodemyansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,869.

Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.
Diocese of Gap-Embrun
The Diocese of Gap and Embrun (Latin: Dioecesis Vapincensis et Ebrodunensis; French: Diocèse de Gap et d'Embrun) is a  Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southern France.

The episcopal see is Gap Cathedral, in the city of Gap. It has a co-cathedral, the Co-cathédrale of Notre Dame in Embrun. The diocese also has a minor basilica, the Basilique Notre-Dame du Laus, in Saint-Étienne-le-Laus. The Diocese of Gap and Embrun is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Marseille.

The current bishop is Xavier Malle.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
Suita
Suita (吹田市, Suita-shi) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 381,238 in 182,636 households, and a population density of 11,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 36.09 square kilometres (13.93 sq mi). It is a suburb of Osaka City and a part of the Kyoto–Osaka–Kobe metropolitan area.

Osaka Monorail
The Osaka Monorail is a straddle-beam, Alweg-type monorail system in northern Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by Osaka Monorail Co., Ltd. At 28 kilometres (17 mi) long, it is the longest monorail system in Japan. Its mainline forms an arc through the northern and eastern suburbs of Osaka, and is the only rail transit link to Itami Airport. It also links the three campuses of Osaka University.

IC cards can be used on the Osaka Monorail, including Suica, Pasmo, PiTaPa and ICOCA.
Cameron Park, California
Cameron Park is a census-designated place (CDP) in El Dorado County, California, United States and is part of the Greater Sacramento Area. The population was 18,881 in the 2020 census, up from 18,228 in 2010. Cameron Park is a community located in the Northern California Gold Country of the Sierra Nevada foothills, approximately 30 miles (50 km) east of Sacramento and 70 miles (110 km) west of South Lake Tahoe.

Amtrak Thruway
Amtrak Thruway is a system of transportation services to connect passengers with areas not served by Amtrak trains. In most cases these are dedicated motorcoach routes, but can also be non-dedicated intercity bus services, transit buses, vans, taxis, ferry boats and commuter rail trains.

Train and Thruway tickets are typically purchased together from Amtrak for the length of a passenger's journey and connections are timed for guaranteed transfers between the two services.
Grandpa Jones
Louis Marshall Jones (October 20, 1913 – February 19, 1998), known professionally as Grandpa Jones, was an American banjo player and old time/country music singer. He was inducted as a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1978.

Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee, is one of the world's largest museums and research centers dedicated to the preservation and interpretation of American country music. Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world's most extensive musical collections.
Maha Gabadava
In Sri Lankan architecture a Maha Gabadava ("Royal Storehouse") is a type of large granary in the form of a separate building from the main compound. In the Kandyan period the Sinhalese kings would send daily provisions from the Maha Gabadava to the two main monastic orders, the Malwathu Maha Viharaya and Asgiri Maha Viharaya. This was continued after the fall of the Kingdom of Kandy.

Kandyan period
The Kandyan period covers the history of Sri Lanka from 1597–1815. After the fall of the Kingdom of Kotte, the Kandyan Kingdom was the last independent monarchy of Sri Lanka. The Kingdom played a major role throughout the history of Sri Lanka. It was founded in 1476. The kingdom located in the central part of Sri Lanka managed to remain independent from both the Portuguese and Dutch rule who controlled coastal parts of Sri Lanka; however, it was colonised by the British in 1815. The Kingdom of Kandy was the last independent monarchy of Sri Lanka.
Meryemuşağı, Tut
Meryemuşağı is a village in the Tut District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Turkmens and had a population of 334 in 2021. One notable aspect of Meryemuşağı is that it is the place of discovery of a species of European spider, Zodarion yagmuri

Tut District
Tut District is a district of Adıyaman Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town Tut. Its area is 290 km2, and its population is 9,686 (2021). The Kaymakam is Yunus Kızılgüneş.

The district was established in 1990.
Plasmodium lygosomae
Plasmodium lygosomae is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Carinamoeba.

Like all Plasmodium species P. lygosomae has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.

Apicomplexan life cycle
Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism is typified by a cellular variety with a distinct morphology and biochemistry.

Not all apicomplexa develop all the following cellular varieties and division methods. This presentation is intended as an outline of a hypothetical generalised apicomplexan organism.
Apple II graphics
Apple II graphics debuted on the original Apple II in 1977 and were used throughout the computer series of the same name. There is a 16 color 40 × 48 mode (low res) and a 280 × 192 mode (high res) where visuals are dependent on artifact color. Both modes can optionally have four lines of text at the bottom, reducing the vertical resolution. The Apple IIe adds "double" versions of each of these, most prominently "double high-resolution" with twice the horizontal resolution in 16 colors. Internally, Apple II graphics modes are idiosyncratic and do not use a linear frame buffer.

The graphics modes introduced with the 1986 Apple IIGS split from those of previous Apple II models and have more in common with the Atari ST and Amiga.

Color Graphics Adapter
The Color Graphics Adapter (CGA), originally also called the Color/Graphics Adapter or IBM Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter, introduced in 1981, was IBM's first color graphics card for the IBM PC and established a de facto computer display standard.
Narang Badil District
Narang, Kunar, Afghanistan (نرنګ in Pashto and Persian) is a village in the central part of Kunar Province, Afghanistan south of Asadabad. It is surrounded by high mountains and the Kunar River. The population was 36,700 in 2014.

Chitral River
The Chitral River, also known in Afghanistan as the Kunar River, is a 480 kilometres (300 mi) long river  in northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. It originates from the Chiantar glacier, located at the border of Gilgit Baltistan and Chitral in Pakistan. At Arandu it enters into Afghanistan, where it is called the Kunar River. It later merges with Kabul river in Nangahar Province of Afghanistan. The river system is fed by melting glaciers and snow of the Hindu Kush mountains. The Chitral River serves as a major tributary of the Kabul river, which is in turn a tributary of the Indus River in Pakistan.
Patrik Kuril
Patrik Kuril (born 18 December 1979) is a Slovak para-cyclist. He won a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in the Men's road time trial C4 ahead of teammate Jozef Metelka. He also won a bronze medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in the Men's road time trial C4.

Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's road time trial C4
The men's time trial class C4 road cycling event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place on 31 August 2021 at Fuji Speedway, Japan. 9 riders from 8 nations competed in this event.

The C4 classification is for cyclists with mild hemiplegic or diplegic spasticity; mild athetosis or ataxia; unilateral below knee or bilateral below elbow amputation, etcetera.
Allstate Arena
Allstate Arena is a multi-purpose arena in Rosemont, Illinois, United States, northwest of Chicago, located at the corner of Mannheim Road and Lunt Avenue, just north of Mannheim Road's interchange with the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway (I-90) about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of O'Hare International Airport. The facility opened in 1980 as the Rosemont Horizon and seats up to 22,000 for concerts, 17,500 for basketball, 16,692 for ice hockey and 16,143 for arena football.

The arena is home to the Chicago Wolves of the American Hockey League (AHL) and has served as the home arena for a number of other professional and collegiate teams, most notably the DePaul Blue Demons from 1980 through 2017.

ArenaBowl II
Arena Bowl '88 (or Arena Bowl II) was the Arena Football League's second championship game. The game featured the number 2 Detroit Drive (9–3) against the number 1 Chicago Bruisers (10–1–1). With 37 combined points it is the lowest-scoring ArenaBowl in history. Chicago's 13 points are the fewest points by a single team in Arenabowl history.
Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.

Organized religion
Organized religion, also known as institutional religion, is religion in which belief systems and rituals are systematically arranged and formally established, typically by an official doctrine (or dogma), a hierarchical or bureaucratic leadership structure, and a codification of proper and improper behavior.