hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eric Ridder
Eric Ridder (July 1, 1918 – July 23, 1996) was an American sailor and Olympic champion. He was born in Hewlett, New York, and died in Locust Valley, New York.

He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, where he won a gold medal in the 6 metre class with the boat Llanoria.

Ridder was also the winning skipper in the 1964 America's Cup, guiding the New York Yacht Club's 12-metre yacht, the Constellation, to a 4-0 sweep over Sovereign of the Royal Thames Yacht Club.

He graduated from Harvard University in 1940.

Sovereign (yacht)
Sovereign (sail number K-12) was the unsuccessful challenger of record for the 1964 America's Cup. She beat out sister ship Kurrewa V in trials to represent the Royal Thames Yacht Club in their final attempt to recapture the Cup.
R v U (FJ)
R v U (FJ) is a leading case of the Supreme Court of Canada. In the decision the court modified the requirements of admissibility of prior statements.
In R v B (KG), the court required that prior statements can only be admitted for the truth of its contents where it was under oath and videotaped. In UFJ, the court permitted a less strict standard. The complainants prior statement was admitted for the truth of its contents without being under oath or videotaped where the statement was corroborated by the accused confession. The enhanced reliability of the corroboration and the opportunity to cross-examine the recanting witness was sufficient to remove much of the dangers associated with prior statements.

Prior consistent statements and prior inconsistent statements
Prior consistent statements and prior inconsistent statements, in the law of evidence, occur where a witness, testifying at trial, makes a statement that is either consistent or inconsistent, respectively, with a previous statement given at an earlier time such as during a discovery, interview, or interrogation. The  examiner can impeach the witness when an inconsistent statement is found, and may conversely bolster the credibility of an impeached witness with a prior consistent statement.
Manu V. Devadevan
Manu V. Devadevan (born 1977) is an Indian historian known for his works on pre-modern south India. He holds an expertise in multiple Indian languages. He currently works at School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi. He has also published two poetry collections in Kannada and is also a translator.

Manu Devadevan, originally from Kerala, grew up and studied in Bengaluru. He completed his post-graduate degree from Jawaharlal Nehru University and completed his doctoral research from Mangalore University (under historian Kesavan Veluthat). The Infosys Prize 2019 for Humanities was awarded to Manu Devadevan.

Indian Institutes of Technology
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of prestigious, autonomous public engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are under the purview of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India and are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961. The Act designates them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and governance framework as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. There are currently 23 IITs functioning under this act. Each IIT operates autonomously and is linked to the others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education (India) serves as the ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.
Chust, Tajikistan
Chust (Tajik: Чуст, formerly: Chuzi) is a jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Shahrinav District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 17,135 (2015).

Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction
Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, also translated as Districts under Republican Subordination (Russian: Районы республиканского подчинения; Tajik: Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ, romanized: Nohiyahoyi tobe’i jumhuriy), is a region in Tajikistan, consisting of 9 districts and 4 district-level cities that are directly under central administration. Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, is surrounded by the Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, but not part of it. The region shares a border with Dushanbe, Sughd, GBAO, Khatlon, Kyrgyzstan (Batken and Osh regions) and Uzbekistan (Surxondaryo). The region covers an area of 28,500 square kilometres, and has a total population of 2,165,900 (2020). The Districts' ethnic composition in 2010 was 85% Tajik and 11.7% Uzbek.
Arani Lok Sabha constituency
Arani is a Lok Sabha (Parliament of India) constituency in Tamil Nadu. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 12 of 39. It was created during the 2008 assembly delimitation from the former Vandavasi constituency.

Electoral boundary delimitation
Electoral boundary delimitation (or simply boundary delimitation or delimitation) is the drawing of boundaries of electoral precincts and related divisions involved in elections, such as states, counties or other municipalities. It can also be called "redistribution" and is used to prevent unbalance of population across districts. In the United States, it is called redistricting. Unbalanced or discriminatory delimitation is called "gerrymandering". Though there are no internationally agreed processes that guarantee fair delimitation, several organizations, such as the Commonwealth Secretariat, the European Union and the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) have proposed guidelines for effective delimitation.
SquidGuard
SquidGuard is a URL redirector software, which can be used for content control of websites users can access. It is written as a plug-in for Squid and uses blacklists to define sites for which access is redirected. SquidGuard must be installed on a Unix or Linux computer such as a server computer. The software's filtering extends to all computers in an organization, including Windows and Macintosh computers.

It was originally developed by Pål Baltzersen and Lars Erik Håland, and was implemented and extended by Lars Erik Håland in the 1990s at Tele Danmark InterNordia. Version 1.4, the current stable version, was released in 2009, and version 1.5 was in development as of 2010. New features in version 1.4 included optional authentication via a MySQL database.

SquidGuard is free software licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. It is included in many Linux distributions including Debian, openSUSE and Ubuntu.

Authentication
Authentication (from Greek: αὐθεντικός authentikos, "real, genuine", from αὐθέντης authentes, "author") is the act of proving an assertion, such as the identity of a computer system user. In contrast with identification, the act of indicating a person or thing's identity, authentication is the process of verifying that identity.

Authentication is relevant to multiple fields. In art, antiques, and anthropology, a common problem is verifying that a given artifact was produced by a certain person, or in a certain place (i.e. to assert that it is not counterfeit), or in a given period of history (e.g. by determining the age via carbon dating). In computer science, verifying a user's identity is often required to allow access to confidential data or systems. It might involve validating personal identity documents.
Minkin
Minkin is a surname that originates from the former Russian Empire. It can be found among people of various religious and ethnic backgrounds. Its origin is not necessarily tied to a single cultural or linguistic root, but rather reflects the diverse population of the Russian Empire, where many different communities coexisted.  Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Minkin, American comedian and singer

Charlee Minkin (born 1981), American Olympic judoka

David Minkin, American magician

Eric Minkin (1950–2025), American-Israeli basketball player

Helene Minkin, Russian-Jewish anarchist

Jacob Samuel Minkin, American rabbi

Vladimir Minkin,  Russian chemist

Yaroslav Minkin, Ukrainian poet and activist

Yaroslav Minkin
Yaroslav Minkin (Ukrainian: Ярослав Борисович Мінкін; born 10 January 1984) is a Ukrainian poet, cultural activist, peacebuilder, and human rights defender. Yaroslav Minkin is a founder of the STAN (non-governmental organization), coordinator of the activists' empowerment program "Young Diversity Ambassadors," key expert in the Kuduk (cultural centre) and cultural claster Art Station in Samarkand. He is a trainer of Cultural Transformation Lab in Goethe Institute and independent facilitator in Eastern Partnership and Central Asia countries on cultural mapping and strategic cultural management, peace dialogue and social cohesion, youth and left-behind groups' participation, cultural diversity, and intercultural dialogue.
Lotus (genus)
Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus of flowering plants that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches. Depending on the taxonomic authority, roughly between 70 and 150 species are accepted, all legumes; American species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to other genera. Lotus species are found in the Eastern Hemisphere and adapted to a wide range of habitats.

The aquatic plant commonly known as the Indian or sacred lotus is Nelumbo nucifera, a species not closely related to Lotus.

Eastern Hemisphere
The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to pole). It is also used to refer to Afro-Eurasia (Africa and Eurasia) and Australia, in contrast with the Western Hemisphere, which includes mainly North and South America. The Eastern Hemisphere may also be called the "Oriental Hemisphere", and may in addition be used in a cultural or geopolitical sense as a synonym for the European term, "Old World."
Ahmet Rumjahn
Ahmet Rumjahn, JP (c.1861 – 30 November 1925) was an Indian Hongkonger broker and estate agent who conveyed business on Hong Kong Island.

Rumjahn was born in Hong Kong and was educated at Queen's College. He got into business when young and became the proprietor of the H. Price & Co., later Gand Price and Co..

Closely involved with community affairs, he was made Justice of the Peace, an honour appreciated by the Indian community in Hong Kong. He became an unofficial member of the Sanitary Board in 1903 election. He retired after serving one term.

He moved to Shanghai in 1912 to commence his business there.

Rumjahn was an Indian Muslim. He was the proprietor of No. 23 Coombe Road from 1903 to 1910. He died on 30 November 1925 at his residence in Shanghai at the age of 64. He had six sons: Sirdar Rumjahn worked for the Omar, A.L., M. Rumjahn in Tientsin, R. Rumjahn in Canton, and N. Rumjahn in Shanghai with his father.

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
David Grifhorst
David Grifhorst (born 22 June 1978 in Deventer) is a Dutch game show creator and television director who created the British game show The Exit List on ITV1. He is also known as (former) director of the Dutch television show De Wereld Draait Door. On 1 December 2012 he was the director of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in the Netherlands. He directed the Dutch version of The Passion and The Passion: New Orleans on FOX.

The Passion (Netherlands)
The Passion is a Dutch passion play, held every Maundy Thursday since 2011 in a different city each year. The event is broadcast live on Dutch television. In 2015 and 2018, it was broadcast on radio as well.

The event began as a collaboration between the broadcasters EO and RKK. At present, it is mainly a joint effort between the broadcasters EO and KRO-NCRV.

The participating organizations consider The Passion missionary work and they see it as a chance to promote Easter and Christianity in general.
Canelo Álvarez vs. Julio César Chávez Jr.
Canelo Álvarez vs. Julio César Chávez Jr., billed as Mexican Showdown, was a professional boxing fight held on May 6, 2017 at the T-Mobile Arena in Paradise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas metropolitan area. Álvarez was declared the winner by unanimous decision, having been judged the winner of all 12 rounds by each of the three ringside judges.

Paradise, Nevada
Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. It was formed on December 8, 1950. Its population was 191,238 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous CDP in the United States; if it were an incorporated city, it would be the fifth-largest in Nevada. As an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board.

Paradise contains Harry Reid International Airport; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV); the majority of the Las Vegas Strip; and most of the tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area (excluding downtown). However, all Paradise addresses, as well as other unincorporated areas in the Las Vegas Valley, have "Las Vegas" addresses.
Ruthiyai-Maksi section
The Ruthiyai-Maksi section of the West Central Railway Zone is a fully operational public transit system in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It connects Ruthiyai Jn with Maksi Jn. The section forms a part of the Indore-Gwalior line which connects two important cities, Indore & Gwalior with each other.

The rail section also connects Shajapur, Biaora Rajgarh and Chachaura Binaganj stations along the way. The section connects Gwalior city directly with Guna, Ujjain, Ratlam, Kota, Indore, Bhopal, Dewas & Nagda.

Shajapur railway station
Shajapur railway station is a railway station in situated on Indore–Gwalior line in Shajapur district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is SFY. It serves Shajapur City. The station consists of two platforms, Coach Display, Waiting Room, Footover Bridge, Food stall, Reservation Counter and UTS machine. West Central Railway Most cleanest Station are Shajapur.
Stade Jean-Dauger
Stade Jean-Dauger (Basque: Jean Dauger estadioa) is a multi-purpose stadium in Bayonne, France. It is currently used mostly for rugby union matches and is the home stadium of Aviron Bayonnais. After a renovation project completed in 2009, the stadium can hold 14,370 spectators. The stadium is named after the late Jean Dauger, former rugby union and league player who played for Aviron Bayonnais.

It hosted the match between Canada and Fiji during the 1991 Rugby World Cup. Canada won the match 13–3.

In July 2011 the stadium hosted all four matches of the Kopa Baiona. It was a friendly football tournament involving Olympique de Marseille, FC Girondins de Bordeaux, Udinese Calcio and Real Betis. It was won by Udinese Calcio.

FC Girondins de Bordeaux
Football Club des Girondins de Bordeaux (French pronunciation: [ʒiʁɔ̃dɛ̃ də bɔʁdo]), commonly referred to as Girondins de Bordeaux (Occitan: Girondins de Bordèu) or simply Bordeaux, is a French football club based in the city of Bordeaux in Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It competes in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of football in France, after an administrative double relegation in 2024.

Bordeaux was founded on 1 October 1881 as a multi-sports club and it is one of the most successful football clubs in France. The club has won six Division 1/Ligue 1 titles, the last in 2009. Bordeaux have also won four Coupe de France titles, three Coupe de la Ligue titles, and three Trophée des champions titles as well. In international competitions Bordeaux has reached the UEFA Cup final in 1996 and the Latin Cup final in 1950. From a year to its inception, the club's stadium was the Stade Chaban-Delmas, from 2015, Bordeaux's home ground is the Stade Atlantique.
Prunesta
Prunesta is a rare native Italian red wine grape variety. According to Ian D'Agata in Native Wine Grapes of Italy: "It has a midium-sized, very stocky, pyramidal, winged bunch, with large, oval, blue-black berries." It is a component of 10 Calabrian IGT wines, primarily in the Province of Reggio Calabria and the Province of Crotone.

Province of Reggio Calabria
The province of Reggio Calabria (Italian: provincia di Reggio Calabria) was a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was the southernmost province in mainland Italy and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital was the city of Reggio.

It was effectively replaced by the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in 2017.
Chilean ship Cochrane
Several ships of the Chilean Navy have been named Cochrane or Almirante Cochrane after Thomas Cochrane (1775–1860), commander of the Chilean Navy during that country's war of independence against Spain

Chilean ironclad Almirante Cochrane, lead ship of her class of battery ships, launched in 1874, and scrapped in 1933

ordered as Chilean battleship Almirante Cochrane, a dreadnought battleship laid down in Britain in 1913, but acquired unfinished by the Royal Navy in 1917, and converted to the carrier HMS Eagle

Chilean destroyer Cochrane, a Fletcher-class destroyer, the former USS Rooks (DD-804), commissioned into the Chilean Navy in 1962, and scrapped in 1983

Chilean destroyer Almirante Cochrane (1967), a County-class destroyer, the former HMS Antrim (D18), acquired by the Chilean Navy in 1984, and decommissioned in 2006

Chilean frigate Almirante Cochrane (FF-05), a Type 23 frigate, the former HMS Norfolk (F230), commissioned into the Chilean Navy in 2006

Chilean ironclad Almirante Cochrane
Almirante Cochrane was a central battery ship of the Chilean Navy in the late nineteenth century. She was built, like her twin, Blanco Encalada, in the UK in 1875. She participated in the War of the Pacific, with her most prominent action being her victory over the Peruvian turret ram Huáscar in the Angamos naval battle. Almirante Cochrane was part of the forces that defeated President José Manuel Balmaceda in the Chilean Civil War of 1891.

The ship was named after Thomas Cochrane, a British naval officer who served as the first Vice Admiral of Chile, leading the Chilean Navy during the War of Independence.
Students United
Students United, formerly called the Minnesota State University Student Association or MSUSA, is a non-profit organization funded and operated by students, founded in 1967 by Tim Penny. The Association serves nearly 65,000 students attending Minnesota's seven state universities: Bemidji State University, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Metropolitan State University, Minnesota State University Moorhead, St. Cloud State University, Southwest Minnesota State University and Winona State University.

The association is recognized by the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Board of Trustees and the Minnesota State Legislature as the respective representative of state university students in Minnesota, and works on a variety of issues at the different levels of government.

Tim Penny
Timothy Joseph Penny (born November 19, 1951) is an American author, musician, and former politician from Minnesota. As a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, Penny represented Minnesota's 1st congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995. Penny was also the Independence Party's nominee for governor of Minnesota in 2002.
Furnivall
Furnivall or Furnival is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frederick James Furnivall (1825–1910), co-creator of the New English Dictionary

Kate Furnivall British historical novelist

Percy Furnivall (1868–1938), British surgeon

John Sydenham Furnivall (1878–1960), British civil servant in Burma

Gerard de Furnival, Norman knight

John Sydenham Furnivall
John Sydenham Furnivall (often cited as JS Furnivall or J.S. Furnivall) was a British-born colonial public servant and writer in Burma. He is credited with coining the concept of the plural society and had a noted career as an influential historian of Southeast Asia, particularly of the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) and British Burma. He published several books over a long career, including the influential Colonial Policy and Practice and wrote for more than 20 major journals, although his work is now criticized as being Eurocentric and biased in favor of continued colonialism.
2006 Japanese Formula 3 Championship
The 2006 Japanese Formula 3 Championship was the 27th edition of the Japanese Formula 3 Championship. It began on 1 April at Fuji and ended on 22 October at Motegi. German driver Adrian Sutil took the championship title, winning five from eighteen races.

Mobility Resort Motegi
Mobility Resort Motegi (モビリティリゾートもてぎ) is a motorsport venue located in Motegi, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Originally Twin Ring Motegi (ツインリンクもてぎ), the venue's name came from the facility having two race tracks: a 2.493 km (1.549 mi) oval track and a 4.801 km (2.983 mi) road course. It was built in 1997 by Honda Motor Co., Ltd., as part of the company's effort to bring the Championship Auto Racing Teams series to Japan, helping to increase their knowledge of American open-wheel racing. The oval was last raced on in 2010 by the Indycar Series. On 1 March 2022, the name of the track was changed to Mobility Resort Motegi, coinciding with the 25th anniversary of the facility. The road course's most notable event is the Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix which is currently held every year. The track also currently hosts rounds in the domestic Super Formula Championship and Super GT series each year.
Özbay
Özbay is a Turkish surname constructed by fusing the Turkish names Öz ("self", "essence", "extract") and Bay ("mister", "gentleman"). Notable people with the surname include:

Cansu Özbay (born 1996), Turkish volleyball player

Ekmel Özbay (born 1966), Turkish professor of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Physics Departments at Bilkent University

Elis Özbay (born 2001), Turkish female rower

Mehmet Özbay (1956–1996), false identity of Abdullah Çatlıa, a Turkish secret government agent

Turkish name
A Turkish name consists of an ad or an isim (given name; plural adlar and isimler) and a soyadı or soyisim (surname). Turkish names exist in a "full name" format. While there is only one soyadı (surname) in the full name there may be more than one ad (given name). Married women may carry both their maiden and husband's surnames. The soyadı is written as the last element of the full name, after all given names (except that official documents related to registration matters often use the format "Soyadı, Adı").