hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metre breaststroke
The women's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 16 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Keltie Duggan of Canada.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, both lengths being in breaststroke.

1991 Pan American Games
The 1991 Pan American Games, officially known as the XI Pan American Games (Spanish: XI Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Havana 1991 (Spanish: La Habana 1991), were held in Havana, Cuba from 2 to 18 August 1991. There were 4,519 athletes from 39 countries of the PASO community, with events in 33 different sports. The main stadium was the Estadio Panamericano, a multi-use stadium in Havana that holds 50,000 people.
Stan Brogden
Stanley Brogden (15 March 1910 – 18 June 1981) was an English sportsman from the 1920s.

Brogden was a rugby union and rugby league footballer, professional sprinter and baseball player active in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. He played representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Bradford Northern (two spells, including one as a World War II guest), Huddersfield, Leeds, Hull FC, Rochdale Hornets, St Helens R.F.C. and Salford, as a wing, centre, or stand-off, and representative level rugby union (RU) for British Empire Forces,

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
John Cowdery
John Joe Cowdery (February 11, 1930 – July 13, 2013) was a Republican member of the Alaska Senate, representing the O District from 2001 through 2008. He was previously a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1982 through 1984, and from 1997 through 2000.

Alaska House of Representatives
The Alaska House of Representatives is the lower house in the Alaska State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. The House is composed of 40 members, each of whom represents a district of approximately 17,756 people per 2010 census figures.  Members serve two-year terms without term limits. With 40 representatives, the Alaska House is the smallest state legislative lower chamber in the United States. The House convenes at the State Capitol in Juneau.
Colette Magny
Colette Magny (31 October 1926 – 12 June 1997) was a French singer and songwriter.  A charismatic performer who did not record until her thirties, her work encompassed blues, jazz, protest songs, experimental music and spoken word recordings.

Académie Charles Cros
The Académie Charles Cros (Charles Cros Academy) is an organization located in Chézy-sur-Marne, France, that acts as an intermediary between government cultural policy makers and professionals in music and the recording industry.

The academy is composed of fifty members specializing in music criticism, sound recording, and culture. It was founded in 1947 by Roger Vincent with Armand Panigel, José Bruyr, Antoine Goléa, Franck Ténot, and Pierre Brive – critics and recording specialists - and led by musicologist Marc Pincherle. It was named in honor of Charles Cros (1842–1888), inventor and poet (friend of Arthur Rimbaud and Paul Verlaine) who was one of the pioneers of sound recording.

The academy continues to stay abreast of advances in technology, from the development of 78 RPM gramophone records to CDs,  DVDs, playable torrents and all other readable, transportable music formats available today.
Podlesie, Gmina Bogoria
Podlesie [pɔdˈlɛɕɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bogoria, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Bogoria, 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Staszów, and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Staszów County
Staszów County (Polish: powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Staszów.

The county covers an area of 924.80 square kilometres (357.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is  67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is  14,762, that of Połaniec is  8,098, that of Osiek is  2,007, and the rural population is  42,464.
Hydraulic accumulator
A hydraulic accumulator is a pressure storage reservoir in which an incompressible hydraulic fluid is held under pressure that is applied by an external source of mechanical energy. The external source can be an engine, a spring, a raised weight, or a compressed gas. An accumulator enables a hydraulic system to cope with extremes of demand using a less powerful pump, to respond more quickly to a temporary demand, and to smooth out pulsations.  It is a type of energy storage device.

Compressed gas accumulators, also called hydro-pneumatic accumulators, are by far the most common type.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Jim Dean (activist)
James H. Dean is an American political operative who previously served as chair of Democracy for America (DFA), the nation's largest political action committee. The brother of former Vermont governor Howard Dean, DFA was founded in 2004 following the conclusion of his brother's presidential campaign.

Howard Dean 2004 presidential campaign
The 2004 presidential campaign of Howard Dean, 79th Governor of Vermont, began when he formed an exploratory committee to evaluate a presidential election campaign on May 31, 2002. Dean then formally announced his intention to compete in the 2004 Democratic primaries to seek the Democratic Party's nomination for President on June 23, 2003. Dean dropped out of the race in February 2004 after a poor showing in the Wisconsin primary which was further impacted by his I Have A Scream speech.
Burhan Qurbani
Burhan Qurbani (Dari: برهان قربانی) (born in Erkelenz on 15 November 1980) is a German film director, writer and actor of Afghan origin. His directing, writing, and acting works include Shahada (2010), 20xBrandenburg (2010 TV documentary), and Illusion (2007 short film). His modern day adaption of Alfred Döblin's modern classic novel Berlin Alexanderplatz was selected for the main competition of the 2020 Berlin International Film Festival.

His 2025 film No Beast. So Fierce., which is loosely based on Shakespeare's drama Richard III but focusses on a strong woman in the leading role, had its premiere at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival in Berlinale Special section on 14 February 2025. It will be released on 8 May 2025 in the German theaters.

70th Berlin International Film Festival
The 70th annual Berlin International Film Festival took place from 20 February to 1 March 2020. It was the first under the leadership of new Berlin Film Festival board: business administration director Mariette Rissenbeek and artistic director Carlo Chatrian.

The festival opening gala was presented by actor Samuel Finzi, followed by the world premiere My Salinger Year, directed by Philippe Falardeau. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Iranian film There Is No Evil, directed by Mohammad Rasoulof.
Medix UK Limited
MedixGlobal (incorporated on 29 December 1999) is a UK-based market research consultancy providing online research in healthcare. Up until 2007, MedixGlobal produced not-for-profit studies  and publications concerning issues such as euthanasia and patient confidentiality.

Physician–patient privilege
Physician–patient privilege is a legal concept, related to medical confidentiality, that protects communications between a patient and their doctor from being used against the patient in court. It is a part of the rules of evidence in many common law jurisdictions. Almost every jurisdiction that recognizes physician–patient privilege not to testify in court, either by statute or through case law, limits the privilege to knowledge acquired during the course of providing medical services. In some jurisdictions, conversations between a patient and physician may be privileged in both criminal and civil courts.
Utricularia meyeri
Utricularia meyeri is a medium-sized, probably perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is endemic to western Goias and eastern Mato Grosso in central Brazil. U. meyeri grows as a terrestrial plant in bogs and seasonally flooded swamps and grasslands at altitudes from 400 m (1,312 ft) to around 600 m (1,969 ft). It was originally described by Robert Knud Friedrich Pilger in 1901 and later reduced to synonymy under U. erectiflora by Peter Taylor in 1967. He later reevaluated his decision on the basis of scanning electron microscope images of the seed of the two species.

Robert Knud Friedrich Pilger
Robert Knud Friedrich Pilger (3 July 1876, Helgoland – 1 September 1953, Berlin)  was a German botanist, who specialised in the study of conifers.

He collected plants in the Mato Grosso of Brazil, and from 1945 to 1950 was director of the botanical garden at Berlin-Dahlem.

The genera; Pilgerodendron Florin (Cupressaceae), Pilgerina Z.S.Rogers, Nickrent & Malécot (family Santalaceae), and Pilgerochloa Eig (Poaceae) are all named in his honour.
Josh Matavesi
Joshua Lewis Matavesi (born 5 October 1990) is a rugby union player, who currently plays for National 2 (West) side Camborne RFC, and formerly played for the Fiji national team at international level. Matavesi was born in Cornwall, England, to a Cornish mother and Fijian father.

2010 IRB Junior World Championship
The 2010 IRB Junior World Championship was the third annual international rugby union competition for Under 20 national teams, this competition replaced the now defunct under 19 and under 21 world championships. The event was organised by rugby's governing body, the International Rugby Board (IRB). The competition was contested by 12 men's junior national teams and was held in June 2010 and hosted by Argentina. The competition was won by New Zealand.
Alfa Romeo GTV
Alfa Romeo GTV refers to the following motor vehicle models:

Alfa Romeo GTV and Spider (Type 916) (1995-2005)

Alfa Romeo GT Veloce, a trim level of the Alfa Romeo 105/115 Series Coupés (1967-1976)

Alfa Romeo GTV, Type 116 (1976-1987), a trim level of the Alfa Romeo Alfetta

Alfa Romeo GTV and Spider
The Alfa Romeo GTV and the Alfa Romeo Spider (Type 916) are sports cars produced by the Italian automobile manufacturer Alfa Romeo from 1993 to 2004. The GTV is a 2+2 coupé, while the Spider is a two-seater roadster. Production totaled 38,891 units for the Spider and 42,937 units for the GTV.

The GTV's name (Gran Turismo Veloce–English: Fast Grand Touring) placed it as the successor to the long-discontinued Alfetta GTV coupé, whereas the Spider was effectively the replacement for the then 30-year-old 105-series Giulia Spider. The GTV was available until the launch of the Brera in 2005, while the Spider lasted another year until the launch of its Brera-based successor in 2006.

The Alfa Romeo GTV was described as "one of the best sports cars of its time" by motoring journalist Jeremy Clarkson in 1998 and was listed at number 29 in Top 100 Cars in 2001.
Grape Creek (Colorado)
Grape Creek is a tributary of the Arkansas River that flows through Custer and Fremont counties in South-Central Colorado. The creek drains much of the Wet Mountain Valley, located between the Sangre de Cristo Mountains and the Wet Mountains in Custer County.

Wet Mountains
The Wet Mountains are a small mountain range in southern Colorado, named for the amount of snow they receive in the winter as compared to the dry Great Plains to the east. They are a sub-range of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, in the southern Rocky Mountains System. There are three variant names of mountain range: Cuerno Verde, Greenhorn Mountains, and Sierra Mojada.
Marion Nunataks
The Marion Nunataks are a small group of nunataks rising to about 600 m (2,000 ft) on Charcot Island, in the eastern Bellinghausen Sea of Antarctica. They form a 12 km chain of rocky outcrops on the mid-north coast of the island, stretching from Mount Monique at the western end to Mount Martine in the east.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
Metisella malgacha
Metisella malgacha, the grassveld sylph, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the Cape, Free State, Lesotho, Transvaal, and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The habitat consists of grassland and grassy areas in the fynbos and Karoo.

The wingspan is 25–29 mm for males and 27–31 mm for females.

Flight period is between August and May with several broods possible or December to January at highest elevations.

The larvae feed on Ehrharta erecta.

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
George Manangoi
George Meitamei Manangoi (born 29 November 2000) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner.

In the 1,500 metres event, his personal best is a 3:31.49 (Stade Louis II, Monaco, 12 July 2019). He won this event at the 2018 U20 World Championships in Tampere, defeating Jakob Ingebrigtsen.
He is the young brother of Elijah Manangoi, who is also a middle-distance runner.

On 20 July 2018, he attempted and failed to break the junior world record in the 1,000 metres during the Herculis track meet in Monaco, and was defeated by Solomon Lekuta.

He also won the 1500 metres event at the 2019 African Games in Rabat.

Stade Louis II
The Stade Louis II (French pronunciation: [stad(ə) lwi dø], lit. 'Louis II Stadium'), or simply Louis II is a stadium located in the Fontvieille district of Monaco, near the border with Cap-d'Ail commune of France. It serves primarily as a venue for Athletics and football, being the home of AS Monaco. The stadium is most notable for its distinctive nine arches at the away end of the ground. The arena is also used for the Herculis, a track and field meet of the Diamond League. The stadium hosted the 1986 and 1998–2012 UEFA Super Cup matches. Due to Monaco's small size, the stadium is the only football and athletics stadium in the country.
Set It Off (Offset album)
Set It Off is the second studio album by American rapper Offset. It was released on October 13, 2023, by Motown. The album contains guest appearances from Travis Scott, Don Toliver, Future, Cardi B, Mango Foo, Latto, Young Nudy, and Chlöe. Production was handled by a variety of record producers, including Offset himself, Southside, Vinylz, FnZ, Nick Papz, Daoud, Teddy Walton, Tay Keith, Oz, Ojivolta, Boi-1da, Metro Boomin, Wheezy, Doughboy Beatz, and Jahaan Sweet, among others. The album serves as the follow-up to Offset's previous album Father of 4 (2019), and is also his first project to not be released under Quality Control Music after ending his contract with the label due to its heads allegedly not giving him publishing rights for his music.

Pivot Gang
Pivot Gang is a hip hop collective of independent rappers based out the west side of Chicago. The group originated from the Austin neighborhood in 2011. The four founders consist of brothers Saba (born Tahj Malik Chandler) and Joseph Chilliams (AKA Jerrel Chandler), their cousin John Walt (Walter Long), and their high school friend MFnMelo (AKA Logan Yutters). Other artists who commonly collaborate with the group include Lucki, Martin $ky, Ausar, Noname, and DJ Damnage, along with others.
Viggo Johannessen
Viggo Johannessen (6 February 1936 – 21 June 2012) was a Norwegian director and civil servant.

He was born at Nøtterøy in 1936. In 1963, he graduated from the University of Oslo with a cand.real. degree. From 1960 to 72, Johannessen worked as a scientist at the Institute of Transport Economics; for the rest of the decade he acted as managing director of Linjegods. In 1982, after ten years at Linjegods, he became the managing director of the three Oslo local transport authorities Oslo Sporveier, Ekebergbanen and Holmenkolbanen. In 1985, Johannessen left the director's office in order to become chief administrative officer of finance (finansrådmann) of Oslo Municipality. In 1991, he returned to Oslo Sporveier as special adviser, and, in the following year became division director of the same company. He died in 2012.

Institute of Transport Economics
The Institute of Transport Economics (Transportøkonomisk institutt –TØI) is a national, Norwegian institution for multidisciplinary transport research. Its mission is to develop and disseminate transportation knowledge of scientific quality and practical application. The Institute is an independent, non-profit research foundation. It holds no interests in any commercial, manufacturing or supplying organisation.

TØI has a multidisciplinary research environment with approximately 110 employees, of which about 80 are researchers.

Its sphere of activity includes most of the current issues in road, rail, sea and air transport, as well as urban mobility, environmental sustainability and road safety. In recent years the Institute has been engaged in more than 70 research projects under EU's Research Framework Programmes.
Monk (1956 album)
Monk (Prestige PRLP 7053) is a 1956 compilation album by jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, featuring material recorded from 1953 to 1954 for the Prestige label and performed by Monk with two quintets, one featuring Julius Watkins, Sonny Rollins, Percy Heath, and Willie Jones and one featuring Ray Copeland, Frank Foster, Curly Russell, and Art Blakey. It was originally titled both Thelonious Monk [on its 1956 cover] and Thelonious Monk Quintets [on its labels] (PRLP 7053). Over the following decade, it was also re-released as Wee See (PRLP 7245) and The Golden Monk (PRST 7363) The most common cover art (with the Monk title), is 1958 revision, designed by Reid Miles.

Prestige Records
Prestige Records is a jazz record company and label founded in 1949 by Bob Weinstock in New York City which issued recordings in the mainstream, bop, and cool jazz idioms. The company recorded hundreds of albums by many of the leading jazz musicians of the day, sometimes issuing them on subsidiary labels. The company's began releasing jazz records in 78 and 45 RPM formats in 1950.  The Prestige label includes the 13000 and 25000 cat# series. Prestige International was a sub-label of Prestige, active from 1960 to 1969, that mostly released folk music. In 1971, the company was sold to Fantasy, which was later absorbed by Concord.
Lieka
Lieka or Liekà was a former settlement in 19th and early 20th century Ethiopia, a major market town in the Oromo region southwest of Shoa. It was located on the Bilo plain, 290 kilometers (180 miles) southwest of Sokota and retained a hereditary Oromo ruler upon its integration into the empire of Menelek II. It has since lost its importance as a regional market to nearby Nekemte.

The village at the former site is now spelled Leka.

Shewa
Shewa (Amharic: ሸዋ; Oromo: Shawaa;  Somali: Shawa; Arabic: شيوا, Italian: Scioà), formerly romanized as Shua, Shoa, Showa, Shuwa, is a historical region of Ethiopia which was formerly an autonomous kingdom within the Ethiopian Empire. The modern Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa is located at its center.

The towns of Debre Berhan, Antsokia, Ankober, Entoto and, after Shewa became a province of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa have all served as the capital of Shewa at various times. Most of northern Shewa, made up of the districts of Menz, Tegulet, Yifat, Menjar and Bulga, is populated by Christian Amharas, while southern Shewa is inhabited by the Gurages and eastern Shewa has large Oromo and Argobba Muslim populations. The monastery of Debre Libanos, founded by Saint Tekle Haymanot, is located in the ancient district of Selale. Modern Shewa includes the historical Endagabatan province.
Euvarroa sinhai
Euvarroa sinhai is a  species of bee mite originally described from India. It can be found in areas ranging from Iran to  Thailand, for the latter where and lives alongside Euvarroa wongsirii another bee mite of the same genus. The species E. sinhai is a parasite of bees, using them as a food source. This mite has been found almost exclusively in the bee Apis florea in India and later Sri Lanka and Thailand .

Apis florea
The dwarf honey bee (or red dwarf honey bee), Apis florea, is one of two species of small, wild honey bees of southern and southeastern Asia. It has a much wider distribution than its sister species, Apis andreniformis. First identified in the late 18th century, Apis florea is unique for its morphology, foraging behavior and defensive mechanisms like making a piping noise. Apis florea have open nests and small colonies, which makes them more susceptible to predation than cavity nesters with large numbers of defensive workers. The species is an important pollinator in many parts of its range and its nests are occasionally exploited as a source of wild honey.
Masayoshi Nishida
Masayoshi Nishida (西田 正義, Nishida Masayoshi, born May 11, 1966) is a Japanese anime director. He worked at the Tatsunoko Animation Technical Institute before joining Tezuka Productions. He has directed Mokke and Allison & Lillia and drawn storyboards for all episodes. His favorite anime is Haguregumo.

Haguregumo
Haguregumo (浮浪雲; literally "Vagrant Cloud") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by George Akiyama. It has been serialized by Shogakukan in Big Comic Original from 1973 to 2017 and collected in 112 tankōbon volumes. Haguregumo received the 1979 Shogakukan Manga Award for the general category.

It was adapted into a television drama that aired on TV Asahi and its affiliates in 1978, an anime film produced by Toei Animation in 1982 and another drama adaptation that aired on TBS and its affiliates from 1990 to 1991 while a new adaptation produced by NHK is scheduled to air on NHK BS and NHK BS Premium 4K in 2026.