hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Fian
John Fian (alias Cunninghame) (died 27 January 1591) was a Scottish schoolmaster in Prestonpans, East Lothian and purported sorcerer. He confessed to have a compact with the devil while acting as register and scholar to several witches in North Berwick Kirk. He was accused of bewitching townsfolk, preaching witchcraft, and, along with Agnes Sampson and others, raising storms to sink the fleet of King James VI of Scotland and his wife Anne of Denmark as they returned from Copenhagen, having been married in Oslo. He along with several other purported witches were arrested, examined and put to torture, in what would become known as the North Berwick witch trials.

Schoolmaster
A schoolmaster, or simply master, is a male school teacher. The usage first occurred in England in the Late Middle Ages and early modern period. At that time, most schools were one-room or two-room schools and had only one or two such teachers, a second or third being often called an assistant schoolmaster. The use of the traditional term survives in British private schools, both secondary and preparatory, and in grammar schools, as well as in some Commonwealth boarding schools (such as the Doon School in India) which are modelled on British grammar and public schools.
John Crittenden Sr.
John Crittenden (c. 1754 – 1809) was an American politician and military officer who was a major in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War and a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1790 to 1805. He was the scion of a powerful family of politicians and military officers who played key roles in the politics of several southern states through the end of the 19th century.

Crittenden was born in about 1754 at New Kent, Virginia, to Henry Crittenden and Margaret Butler. On August 21, 1783, he married Judith Harris, daughter of John Harris and Obedience Turpin. John and Judith had nine children including the statesmen John Jordan Crittenden and Robert Crittenden. He was an original member of the Virginia Society of the Cincinnati. He died in Kentucky.

Society of the Cincinnati
The Society of the Cincinnati is a fraternal, hereditary society founded in 1783 to commemorate the American Revolutionary War that saw the creation of the United States. Membership is largely restricted to descendants of military officers who served in the Continental Army.

The Society has thirteen constituent societies in the United States and one in France. It was founded to perpetuate "the remembrance of this vast event" (the achievement of American Independence), "to preserve inviolate those exalted rights and liberties of human nature," and "to render permanent the cordial affection subsisting among the officers" of the Continental Army who served in the Revolutionary War.

Now in its third century, the Society promotes public interest in the Revolution through its library and museum collections, publications, and other activities. It is the oldest patriotic, hereditary society in the United States.
Yamato-Aogaki Quasi-National Park
Yamato-Aogaki Quasi-National Park (大和青垣国定公園, Yamato-Aogaki Kokutei Kōen) is a Quasi-National Park in northeast Nara Prefecture, Japan.  Established in 1970, the park consists of one continuous area spanning the borders of the municipalities of Nara, Tenri, and Sakurai. The park encompasses Mount Miwa, Byakugō-ji (白毫寺), Shōryaku-ji (正暦寺), Enshō-ji, Kōnin-ji (弘仁寺), Isonokami Jingū, Chōgaku-ji, Ōmiwa Jinja, and Hase-dera, as well as a number of kofun.

Ōmiwa Shrine
Ōmiwa Shrine (大神神社, Ōmiwa-jinja), also known as Miwa Shrine (三輪神社, Miwa-jinja; alternately written as Miwa-myōjin (三輪明神)), is a Shinto shrine located in Sakurai, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The shrine is notable because it contains no sacred images or objects, since it is believed to serve Mount Miwa, the mountain on which it stands. For the same reason, it has a worship hall (拝殿, haiden), but no place for the deity to be housed (神殿, shinden). In this sense, it is a model of what the first Shinto shrines were like. Ōmiwa Shrine is one of the oldest extant Shinto shrines in Japan and the site has been sacred ground for some of the earliest religious practices in Japan. Because of this, it has sometimes been named as Japan's first shrine. Ōmiwa Shrine is a tutelary shrine of the Japanese sake brewers.
Edgar Givry
Edgar Givry (born 9 August 1953) is a French actor. He appeared in more than seventy films since 1974.

Givry came to prominence after appearing in television series such as Julie Lescaut and Navarro. He became most known as a voice actor, serving as the official French dub of John Malkovich and Kermit the Frog in The Muppets.

Julie Lescaut
Julie Lescaut is a French police television series created by Alexis Lecaye. It was broadcast from 1992 to 2014 on TF1 (France), La Une-RTBF (Belgium) and TSR (Switzerland). It details the investigations of Police Superintendent Julie Lescaut (played by Véronique Genest) and her team. The show is aired in various other languages, including German, Catalan, Persian, Polish, Slovak, Czech and Japanese (the only subtitled version).
Soccer Mania
Soccer Mania, known in Japan as Soccer Boy (サッカーボーイ), is a soccer-themed sports simulation video game for the Nintendo Game Boy. It was released in 1990 in Japan and two years later in North America. The two releases differ slightly: in Soccer Mania, the player plays as the USA team, while in Soccer Boy, the player plays as the Japan team.

Sports video game
A sports video game is a video game that simulates the practice of sports. Most sports have been recreated with video games, including team sports, track and field, extreme sports, and combat sports. Some games emphasize playing the sport (such as EA Sports FC, eFootball, EA Sports F1, EA Sports WRC, NBA 2K and TopSpin 2K25), whilst others emphasize strategy and sport management (such as Football Manager and Out of the Park Baseball). Some, such as Need for Speed, Arch Rivals and Punch-Out!!, satirize the sport for comic effect. This genre has been popular throughout the history of video games and is competitive, just like real-world sports. A number of game series feature the names and characteristics of real teams and players, and are updated annually to reflect real-world changes. The sports genre is one of the oldest genres in gaming history.
Frank B. Good
Frank B. Good (1884–1939) was an American cinematographer who lensed more than 100 films between 1916 and 1937. He was known for working on Jackie Coogan productions and was an early member of the American Society of Cinematographers.

American Society of Cinematographers
The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC), founded in Hollywood in 1919, is a cultural, educational, and professional organization that is neither a labor union nor a guild. The society was organized to advance the science and art of cinematography and gather a wide range of cinematographers to discuss techniques and ideas and to advocate for motion pictures as a type of art form. Currently, the president of the ASC is Mandy Walker.

Members use the post-nominal letters "ASC". On the 1920 film titled Sand!, cinematographer Joseph H. August, who was an original member of the ASC, became the first individual to have the "ASC" appear after his name on the onscreen credit.

Only cinematographers and special effect supervisors can become ASC members. Basic requirements include being a director of photography for a minimum five out of the last eight years, having a high professional reputation and being recommended by three active or retired ASC members.
Philip A. Holloway
Philip Andrew Holloway is an American attorney and legal analyst known for his work in criminal law, juvenile law, and law enforcement issues. Holloway is a legal analyst for Fox News, CourtTV, and Sirius XM.

He has served as a legal analyst for CNN, HLN, MSNBC, and NBC. He is a criminal defense attorney with an office in the suburban Atlanta city of Marietta, Georgia.

Juvenile law
Juvenile law pertains to those who are deemed to be below the age of majority, which varies by country and culture. Usually, minors are treated differently under the law. However, even minors may be prosecuted as adults.
Guapple pie
Guapple pie, sometimes known as guava pie, is a specialty pie originating from Silay City, located in Negros Occidental, Philippines. The pie is named after its primary ingredient, guapple, a variety of large guava fruit known for its crisp texture and sweet-tart flavor.

Silay
Silay, officially the City of Silay (Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa/Syudad sang Silay; Filipino: Lungsod ng Silay), is a  component city in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 136,802 people.

Silay is often referred to as the "Paris of Negros" due to its artists, cultural shows and large collection of perfectly preserved heritage houses. More than thirty of these houses have been declared by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines as part of the Silay National Historical Landmark. In 2015, the city celebrated its 58th charter anniversary.
Karl Anderson (hurdler)
Karl Walter Anderson (November 5, 1900 – February 28, 1989) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1924 he finished fifth in the 110 metre hurdles competition at the Paris Games.

Anderson was an All-American hurdler for the Minnesota Golden Gophers track and field team, finishing 3rd in the 110 m hurdles at the 1921 NCAA Track and Field Championships.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles
The men's 110 metres hurdles event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Tuesday, July 8, 1924, and on Wednesday, July 9, 1924. Thirty-one hurdlers from 17 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation was 4. The event was won by Daniel Kinsey of the United States, the nation's sixth victory in the seven times the event had been held. South Africa and Sweden each won their first 110 metres hurdles medals with Sydney Atkinson's silver and Sten Pettersson's bronze, respectively.
Verpelét
Verpelét is a town in Heves County, Hungary, under the Mátra mountain range, beside of the Tarna River. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 3738 (see Demographics). The town located 17.3 km from Eger, the capital of the county and beside of the (Nr. 84) Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 10.7 km from the main road 3 and 16.4 km from the M3 motorway. Although the settlement has its own railway station, public transport on the railway line ceased on 3 March 2007. The closest train station with public transport is in Kál 14.0 km away.

M3 motorway (Hungary)
The M3 motorway (Hungarian: M3-as autópálya) is a Hungarian motorway connecting Budapest to Nyíregyháza. It will eventually connect Budapest to the Ukrainian border. Two other motorways branch off it, the M30 (connecting the M3 to Miskolc) and the M35 (connecting the M3 to Debrecen). The M3 follows route 3, and, later, route 4. The section of the motorway between Görbeháza and Nyíregyháza was opened to traffic in August 2007. The section of the motorway between Highway 49 and Vásárosnamény was opened to the public in 2014. The total length of the motorway now is 281 km.
Rajni Tilak
Rajni Tilak (27 May 1958 – 30 March 2018) was one of the most prominent Indian Dalit rights activists and a leading voice of Dalit feminism and writing. She served as the Executive Director of the Centre for Alternative Dalit Media, co-founded the National Association of Dalit Organisations, and served as President of the Dalit Lekhak Sangh (Dalit Writers' Group).

Dalit feminism
Dalit feminism is a feminist perspective that includes questioning caste and gender roles among the Dalit population and within feminism and the larger women's movement. Dalit women primarily live in South Asia, mainly in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Dalit women face different challenges than women in oppressor castes in these countries. They are more likely to be poor, uneducated and socially marginalized. Dalit feminists advocate and have advocated for equal rights for Dalit women based on gender, caste and other issues. They have addressed conferences, created organizations and helped elect other Dalit women into political office.
Gunther Kaschlun
Gunther Kaschlun (9 February 1935 – 20 July 2020) was a West German rower who represented the United Team of Germany. He competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne with the men's coxless four where they were eliminated in the semi-final.

He died in July 2020 at the age of 85.

United Team of Germany at the Olympics
The United Team of Germany (German: Gesamtdeutsche Mannschaft) was a combined team of athletes from West Germany and East Germany that competed in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Winter and Summer Olympic Games. In 1956, the team also included athletes from a third Olympic body, the Saarland Olympic Committee, which had sent a separate team in 1952, but in 1956 was in the process of joining the German National Olympic Committee. This process was completed in February 1957 after the admission of Saarland into West Germany.
Mandarin square
A mandarin square (Chinese: 補子), also known as a rank badge, was a large embroidered badge sewn onto the surcoat of officials in Imperial China (decorating hanfu and qizhuang), Korea (decorating the gwanbok of the Joseon dynasty), in Vietnam, and the Ryukyu Kingdom. It was embroidered with detailed, colourful animal or bird insignia indicating the rank of the official wearing it. Despite its name, the mandarin square (buzi) falls into two categories: round buzi and square buzi.: 396  Clothing decorated with buzi is known as bufu (simplified Chinese: 补服; traditional Chinese: 補服) in China. In the 21st century, the use of buzi on hanfu was revived following the Hanfu movement.

Mandarin (bureaucrat)
A mandarin (Chinese: 官; pinyin: guān) was a bureaucrat scholar in the history of China, Korea and Vietnam.

The term is generally applied to the officials appointed through the imperial examination system.
Tukulan
Tukulans (Russian: Тукуланы; Yakut: Тукулаан, a term from Evenki origin) are relief forms shaped by aeolian processes of the Central Yakutian Lowland, Yakutia, Russian Federation. They are sand dunes of a characteristic type mainly found along the valley of the Lena River, in the area of the lower Vilyuy river.

Tukulans come in the form of isolated dunes, but also as large sand-covered areas in certain spots of the plain, often among the trees of the taiga. The largest of the dunes lies at 65°08′01.6″N 122°58′00.7″E﻿ / ﻿65.133778°N 122.966861°E﻿ / 65.133778; 122.966861 near the Linde River and reaches almost 40 kilometres (25 mi) in length.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Weed Lookout Tower
The Weed Lookout Tower, in Lincoln National Forest in Otero County, New Mexico near Sacramento, New Mexico, was built in 1926.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

photos only

Sacramento, New Mexico
Sacramento is a census-designated place  in Otero County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 58 as of the 2010 census. Sacramento has a post office with ZIP code 88347. New Mexico State Road 521 passes through the community.
Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 176
The 176th Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Monroe County, Pennsylvania and includes the following areas:

Chestnuthill Township

Eldred Township

Hamilton Township

Jackson Township

Polk Township

Ross Township

Tobyhanna Township

Tunkhannock Township

Jackson Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania
Jackson Township is a township in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 6,578 at the 2020 census. A portion of Big Pocono State Park, a Pennsylvania state park, is on Camelback Mountain in Jackson Township.
Rodrigo (footballer, born 1985)
Rodrigo Leandro da Costa (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁoˈdɾiɡu leˈɐ̃dɾu dɐ ˈkɔstɐ]; born 17 September 1985), known as Rodrigo, is a Brazilian footballer.

In January 2013, Rodrigo joined Korean K League Classic side Busan IPark. He made his debut for IPark on 10 March 2013 against Gyeongnam FC and his first goal for the club came from the penalty spot against Daejeon Citizen on 28 April.

Gyeongnam FC
Gyeongnam FC (경남 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in South Gyeongsang Province that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. Its home stadium is the Changwon Football Center, located in Changwon. Gyeongnam FC was founded in 2006 and joined the K League as its 14th club for the 2006 season.
Xu Zhimo
Xu Zhimo (徐志摩, Wu Chinese pronunciation: [ʑi tsɿ mu], Mandarin: [ɕy̌ ʈʂî mwǒ], 15 January 1897 – 19 November 1931) was a Chinese poet. Best known for his work in modern Chinese poetry, he strove to loosen Chinese poetry from its traditional forms, incorporating influences from Western poetry and writing in vernacular Chinese. He died in a plane crash at age 34.

Stinson Detroiter
The Stinson SM-1 Detroiter was a six-seat high-wing monoplane cabin airliner for passengers or freight designed and built by the Stinson Aircraft Company, later the Stinson Aircraft Corporation. It was based on the earlier Stinson's earlier SB-1 biplane.
History of Visalia, California
Visalia, California is the oldest continuously inhabited inland European settlement between Stockton and Los Angeles. It was commonly known in the 1850s as Four Creeks, after the waterways through the area. The area was also briefly known as Buena Vista by the Tulare County board of supervisors, before Visalia formally became the county seat on March 11, 1854. The city played an important role in the American colonization of the San Joaquin Valley as the county seat of Old Tulare County, an expansive region comprising most if not all of modern-day Fresno, Kings, and Kern counties.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
ArenaBowl XXXI
ArenaBowl XXXI was the championship game of the 2018 Arena Football League season. The game was broadcast on CBS Sports Network, AFLNow and Twitter. It featured the fourth-seeded Washington Valor and the second-seeded Baltimore Brigade at the Royal Farms Arena in Baltimore.  It was the first ArenaBowl championship for both teams as they were expansion teams in the previous season. Both teams were owned by Ted Leonsis, giving him his second league championship in six weeks following his Washington Capitals team's victory in the NHL's 2018 Stanley Cup Finals. The title sponsor for the game was Bud Light.

The paid attendance was 8,183, the smallest in ArenaBowl history.

Expansion team
An expansion team is a new team in a sports league, usually from a city that has not hosted a team in that league before, formed with the intention of satisfying the demand for a local team from a population in a new area. Sporting leagues also hope that the expansion of their competition will grow the popularity of the sport generally. The term is most commonly used in reference to the North American major professional sports leagues but is applied to sports leagues in other countries with a closed franchise system of league membership. The term refers to the expansion of the sport into new areas. The addition of an expansion team sometimes results in the payment of an expansion fee to the league by the new team and an expansion draft to populate the new roster.
Krsto
Krsto (Cyrillic script: Крсто), also Krste or Krǎstyo is a South Slavic masculine given name.

Krsto Papić, Croatian film director

Krsto Ungnad, Ban of Croatia

Krsto Zrnov Popović, Montenegrin soldier

Fran Krsto Frankopan, Croatian baroque poet, nobleman and politician

Vuk Krsto Frankopan, Croatian nobleman and soldier

Krsto Hegedušić, Croatian painter, illustrator and theater designer

Krste Asanović, computer engineer

Krste Crvenkovski, Macedonian politician

Krste Misirkov, Macedonian philologist, journalist, historian and ethnographer

Krste Velkovski, Macedonian footballer

Krastyo Rakovski, Bulgarian socialist revolutionary

Krastyo Krastev, Bulgarian writer, translator, philosopher and public figure

Krste Asanović
Krste Asanović is an engineering academic from the University of California, Berkeley. He has written and co-authored many academic papers concerning computer architecture. As of 2023, he is chairman of the Board of the RISC-V Foundation.

Asanović was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for contributions to computer architecture.  He was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2018 for "contributions to computer architecture, including the open RISC-V instruction set and Agile hardware".

Asanović received a PhD in computer science from Berkeley in 1998 under John Wawrzynek. In 2015, along with RISC-V researchers he co-founded SiFive, a fabless semiconductor company and provider of commercial RISC-V processor IP, where he serves as its chief architect.
Cat (Unix)
cat is a shell command for writing the content of a file or input stream to standard output. The name is an abbreviation of catenate, a variant form of concatenate. Originally developed for Unix, it is available on many operating systems and shells today.

In addition to combining files, cat is commonly used to copy files and in particular to copy a file to the terminal monitor. Unless redirected,  cat outputs file content on-screen.

Shell (computing)
An operating system shell is a computer program that provides relatively broad and direct access to the system on which it runs. The term shell refers to how it is a relatively thin layer around an operating system.

Most shells are command-line interface (CLI) programs. Some graphical user interfaces (GUI) also include shells.