hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turoszów Kopalnia railway station
Turoszów Kopalnia is an abandoned railway station on the Mikułowa–Bogatynia railway in the Turoszów district of Bogatynia, Zgorzelec County, within the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south-western Poland.

The station opened on 29 May 1960. Passenger services were withdrawn from the station on 2 April 2000. Currently, only freight trains stop at and pass the station.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Keith Palmer (singer)
Keith Palmer (June 23, 1957 – June 13, 1996) was an American country music artist. He was born Bryon Keith Palmer on June 23, 1957, in Hayti, Missouri, United States, and was raised in Corning, Arkansas. His name was actually supposed to be "Byron", but there was a mistake on the birth certificate.

He began his music career in 1975 as pianist for the Dixie Echoes, where he remained for three years. In 1991, Palmer released an album for Epic Records which produced two singles: "Don't Throw Me in the Briarpatch" and "Forgotten but Not Gone", both of which entered the U.S. Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart (now Hot Country Songs). He also co-wrote Reba McEntire's 1991 single "For My Broken Heart". Palmer died of cancer on June 13, 1996, in White House, Tennessee, at age 38.

White House, Tennessee
White House is a city in Robertson and Sumner counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The population was listed as 12,982 in the 2020 census and has an estimated population of 16,463 as of 2024. It is approximately twenty-two miles north of downtown Nashville.
Old Spanish
Old Spanish (roman, romançe, romaz; Spanish: español antiguo), also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, refers to the varieties of Ibero-Romance spoken predominantly in Castile and environs during the Middle Ages. The earliest, longest, and most famous literary composition in Old Spanish is the Cantar de mio Cid (c. 1140–1207).

Sentence clause structure
In grammar, sentence and clause structure, commonly known as sentence composition, is the classification of sentences based on the number and kind of clauses in their syntactic structure. Such division is an element of traditional grammar.
Peter DeTroy
Peter DeTroy (April 13, 1948 – May 28, 2016) was an American defense attorney from Portland, Maine. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1969 and then received his law degree from the University of Maine School of Law in 1972. DeTroy was a prominent defense attorney. He served on the Falmouth School Board. He was partner in the firm Norman, Hansen & DeTroy from 1984 until his death. DeTroy was named one of 50 difference-makers in Maine by Maine Magazine in 2013.  DeTroy represented the famed defense attorney F. Lee Bailey, who was then a Maine resident, in his attempt to be able to practice law in the state after having been disbarred elsewhere.

DeTroy died from a heart attack while riding his bicycle near his home on Munjoy Hill in Portland.

Munjoy Hill
43°40′02″N 70°14′56″W﻿ / ﻿43.667281°N 70.248937°W﻿ / 43.667281; -70.248937

Munjoy Hill is a neighborhood and prominent geographical feature of Portland, Maine. It is located east of downtown and south of East Deering. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the neighborhood had a large Irish and Italian American population.

The neighborhood is named for George Munjoy, who settled near the intersection of Mountfort Street and Fore Street.

The neighborhood became known as "Mount Joy" for a period of the early 19th century, before reverting to "Munjoy".
Väänänen
Väänänen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ari Väänänen (born 1947), Finnish long jumper

Emma Väänänen (1907–1970), Finnish actress

Iivar Väänänen (1887–1959), Finnish sport shooter

Jesse Väänänen (born 1984), Finnish cross country skier

Jouko Väänänen (born 1950), Finnish mathematical logician

Jussi Väänänen, Finnish dancer

Kari Väänänen (born 1953), Finnish actor

Marjatta Väänänen (1923–2020), Finnish politician

Ossi Väänänen (born 1980), Finnish ice hockey player

Iivar Väänänen
Iivar "Iivo" Väänänen (17 September 1887 – 13 April 1959) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He was part of the Finnish team, which won the bronze medal in the 100 metre running deer, single shots event. He also competed in the 100 metre running deer, single shots event and finished 21st.
European route E30 in the Netherlands
European route E 30 (E 30) is a west–east European route, running from Cork in Ireland to Omsk in Russia. In the Netherlands, the highway runs from Hook of Holland eastwards through The Hague, Utrecht, Amersfoort and Apeldoorn to the German border, near De Lutte.

The highway is maintained by Rijkswaterstaat.

Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn ([ˈaːpəldoːr(ə)n] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Apeldoorne) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. The municipality of Apeldoorn, including the villages of Beekbergen, Loenen, Ugchelen and Hoenderloo, had a population of 165,525 on 1 December 2021. The western half of the municipality lies on the Veluwe ridge, with the eastern half in the IJssel valley.
Palmellopsis
Palmellopsis is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Palmellopsidaceae. They are either planktonic or attached to substrates in fresh water, or in aeroterrestrial habitats.

Palmellopsis consists of cells embedded in amorphous, gelatinous mucilage. The cells contain a cup-shaped chloroplast with a pyrenoid, as well as a single nucleus and two contractile vacuoles.

Asexual reproduction in this genus occurs by autospores or zoospores or by the fragmentation of the colonies. Zoospores have two equal flagella with a small stigma.

Palmellopsis is distinguished from the similar genera Palmella and Chlamydocapsa in that its mucilage layer is not lamellated. The differentiation between these genera is taxonomically problematic.

Contractile vacuole
A contractile vacuole  (CV) is a sub-cellular structure (organelle) involved in osmoregulation. It is found predominantly in protists, including unicellular algae. It was previously known as pulsatile or pulsating vacuole.
Townsville Masonic Hall
Townsville Masonic Hall is a heritage-listed former masonic temple at 485–493 Sturt Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by W G Smith & Sons and built in 1889 by Sparre & Hansen. It is also known as Assembly of God Hall, Calvary Temple, Townsville Choral & Orchestral Society Building, Townsville Choral Society Inc. Building, and Townsville Choral and Orchestral Society Building. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

City of Townsville
The City of Townsville is a local government area (LGA) located in North Queensland, Australia. It encompasses the city of Townsville, together with the surrounding rural areas. To the south are the communities of Alligator Creek, Woodstock and Reid River, and to the north are Northern Beaches and Paluma. Also included is Magnetic Island. In June 2018 the area had a population of 194,072, and is the 28th-largest LGA in Australia. Townsville is considered to be the unofficial capital of North Queensland.

In the 2021 census, the City of Townsville had a population of 192,768 people.
Tunnel A1 (Ivan)
Tunnel A1 (Ivan) is a tunnel part of the A1 motorway in Bosnia and Herzegovina built by Autocesta FBiH. In January 2020 the first digging has been confirmed to have begun in the Herzegovina side of the tunnel. A total of 340,000,000 Euros (664,9 million KM) have been invested in the project to build the tunnel along with 11,4 million Euros for other expenses.

The project is part of newly built A1 motorway section Tarčin-Ivan.

The tunnel was expected to be completed by May 2022.

On October 31, 2022, following the completion of the Tarčin-Ivan motorway section, the tunnel opened along with the newly completed section.

Ivan planina
Ivan planina (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван планина; lit. Ivan Mountain) is a mountain near Hadžići, Konjic and Kreševo, in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ivan Mountain is part of the Dinaric Alps. It is 1,534 metres (5,033 ft) tall. It is a major pass between Bosna and Herzegovina, which is known under the name Ivan Sedlo.
Stock Yards branch
The Stock Yards branch was a rapid transit line which was part of the Chicago 'L' system from 1908 to 1957. The branch served the Union Stock Yards and the Canaryville neighborhood of Chicago and consisted of eight elevated stations. It opened on April 8, 1908, and closed on October 6, 1957.

Chicago Rapid Transit Company
The Chicago Rapid Transit Company (CRT) was a privately owned firm providing rapid transit rail service in Chicago, Illinois, and several adjacent communities between 1924 and 1947.  The CRT is one of the predecessors of the Chicago Transit Authority, Chicago's current mass transit operator.
August Kiuru
August Kiuru (12 July 1922, Sakkola – 23 February 2009) was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed in the late 1940s and early 1950s. He won two silver medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the 1948 Winter Olympics and the 1956 Winter Olympics.

Kiuru also won three medals in the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a gold in the 4 × 10 km relay (1954), a silver in the 4 × 10 km relay (1950) and a bronze in the 15 km (1954).

Gromovo, Leningrad Oblast
Gromovo (Russian: Гро́мово; Finnish: Sakkola) is a settlement in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, and a station of the Saint Petersburg-Kuznechnoye railway. Gromovo is situated on the northern shore of the Lake Sukhodolskoye, Karelian Isthmus, in the historic region of Karelia. Until the Winter War and the Continuation War, it had been the administrative center of the Sakkola municipality of Finland. It hosts an interceptor aircraft base, (Gromovo (air base)).

It is located 18 km northwest of Sosnovo, and 90 km north of Saint Petersburg.
Sancho (bishop of Jaca)
Sancho was the first bishop of Jaca from 1063 until 1074/76. He was formally the bishop of Huesca until the synod of Jaca transferred the ancient diocese of Huesca to the city of Jaca in 1063. In fact, Jaca was a very small city and the bishop's actual seat was the monastery of San Adrián de Sasave.

In 1074, Sancho traveled to Rome to seek a papal dispensation to retire, citing physical infirmity. Given that he had personally undertaken the long journey to Rome, it is most likely that he was physically well and that his removal was sought by King Sancho I for political reasons. By October 1076, the king's brother García was bishop of Jaca.

Sancho Ramírez
Sancho Ramírez (c. 1042 – 4 June 1094) was King of Aragon from 1063 until 1094 and King of Pamplona from 1076 under the name of Sancho V (Basque: Antso V.a Ramirez). He was the eldest son of Ramiro I and Ermesinda of Bigorre. His father was the first king of Aragon and an illegitimate son of Sancho III of Pamplona. He inherited the Aragonese crown from his father in 1063. Sancho Ramírez was chosen king of Pamplona by Navarrese noblemen after Sancho IV was murdered by his siblings.
Guo Yike
Guo Yike (Chinese: 郭毅可; pinyin: Guō Yìkě) is a Chinese computer scientist who currently serves as provost of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) since 1 December 2022.  He is concurrently a chair professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering of HKUST. Prior to joining HKUST he has been a full professor in the Department of Computing of Imperial College London (Imperial College). During his time there, he founded the Data Science Institute in April 2014.

Guo focuses on the fields of data mining, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI).

Department of Computing, Imperial College London
The Department of Computing is an academic department of the Faculty of Engineering at Imperial College London in England, United Kingdom.

The department has around 50 academic staff and 1000 students, with around 600 studying undergraduate courses, 200 PhD students, and 200 MSc students. The department is predominantly based in the Huxley Building, 180 Queen's Gate, which it shares with the Maths department, however also has space in the William Penney Laboratory and in the Aeronautics and Chemical Engineering Extension. The department ranks 9th in the Times Higher Education 2026 subject world rankings.
Nitrogen laser
A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet range (typically 337.1 nm) using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, pumped by an electrical discharge.

The wall-plug efficiency of the nitrogen laser is low, typically 0.1% or less, though nitrogen lasers with efficiency of up to 3% have been reported in the literature. The wall-plug efficiency is the product of the following three efficiencies:

electrical: TEA laser

gain medium: This is the same for all nitrogen lasers and thus has to be at least 3%
inversion by electron impact is 10 to 1 due to Franck–Condon principle
energy lost in the lower laser level: 40%

optical: More stimulated emission than spontaneous emission

Population inversion
In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs when a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in a state in which more members of the system are in higher, excited states than in lower, unexcited energy states. It is called an "inversion" because in many familiar and commonly encountered physical systems in thermal equilibrium, this is not possible. This concept is of fundamental importance in laser science because the production of a population inversion is a necessary step in the workings of a standard laser.
Ottawa Civic Hospital
The Ottawa Civic Hospital is one of three main campuses of The Ottawa Hospital – along with the General and Riverside campuses. With 549 beds (including the Heart Institute), the Civic Campus has the region's only adult-care trauma centre, serving Eastern Ontario, the Outaouais region of Quebec and eastern Nunavut. The Civic Campus also houses the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, which provides cardiac care for patients at The Ottawa Hospital. The Civic Campus opened in 1924 and is located at 1053 Carling Avenue in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Lock and Dam No. 14
Lock and Dam No. 14 is a lock and dam located near LeClaire, Iowa on the Upper Mississippi River above Davenport, Iowa and Moline, Illinois. The movable portion of the dam is 1,343 feet (409.3 m) long and consists of 13 tainter gates and 4 roller gates. Connected to it is a 1,127 feet (343.5 m) long non-submersible rock fill dike which extends to the Illinois side. The main lock is 110 feet (33.5 m) wide by 600 feet (182.9 m) long. The site on the National Register of Historic Places as the Lock and Dam No. 14 Historic District (#04000174) listed in 2004 consisting of 3,043 acres (12.3 km2), 1 building, 6 structures, and 2 objects. It was completed in two phases, the first as part of the six foot channel project from 1921 to 1924, which included a lock and canal bypassing a hazardous rapids. The second phase was part of the nine foot channel project from 1935 to 1939 and included the main dam and the current main lock.

LeClaire, Iowa
LeClaire is a city in Scott County, Iowa, United States. The population was 4,710 in 2020, a 65.4% increase from 2,847 in 2000, making it one of the fastest-growing communities in the Quad Cities. LeClaire is considered a suburb and part of the Quad Cities Metropolitan Area, which includes the area of Davenport and Bettendorf, Iowa, and Rock Island, Moline, and East Moline, Illinois.
Yūko Mochizuki
Yūko Mochizuki (望月優子, Mochizuki Yūko; 28 January 1917 – 1 December 1977), also billed as Mieko Mochizuki, was a Japanese stage and film actress who appeared in films of directors such as Keisuke Kinoshita, Mikio Naruse and Tadashi Imai.

Tadashi Imai
Tadashi Imai (今井正, Imai Tadashi; January 8, 1912 –  November 22, 1991) was a Japanese film director known for social realist filmmaking informed by a left-wing perspective. His most noted films include An Inlet of Muddy Water (1953) and Bushido, Samurai Saga (1963).
Jach'a Pata
Jach'a Pata (Aymara jach'a big, pata step,  "big step", Hispanicized spelling Jachcha Pata) is a 5,424-metre-high (17,795 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality. Jach'a Pata lies south of Jisk'a Pata, west of Janq'u Uyu, north of Wila Lluxi and north-east of Warawarani.

Los Andes Province (Bolivia)
Los Andes is one of the twenty provinces in the central parts of the Bolivian La Paz Department. The province was legally founded on November 24, 1917, during the presidency of José Gutiérrez Guerra. The Spanish name of the province means "The Andes", referring to its position within the Cordillera Real which is part of the Bolivian Andes mountain range. The capital of the province is Pucarani, which has a population of 918 as of the 2001 census. Pucarani is situated in the Altiplano west of the Cordillera Real offering a view of some of its highest mountains such as Ch'iyar Juqhu, Chachakumani, Kunturiri, Wayna Potosí and Chacaltaya.
Robert Pierrepont
Robert Pierrepont is the name of:

Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (1584–1643), English nobleman

Robert Pierrepont (MP) (c 1638–1681), Member of Parliament for Nottingham

Robert Pierrepont, 3rd Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (1660–1682), English peer

Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull
Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (6 August 1584 – 25 July 1643) was an English nobleman who joined the Royalist side in the English Civil War after some delay and became lieutenant-general of the counties of Lincoln, Rutland, Huntingdon, Cambridge and Norfolk.  He was killed in a friendly fire incident after being captured by Parliamentary forces.
Barbara Follett (politician)
Daphne Barbara Follett (née Hubbard; born 25 December 1942) is a British Labour Party politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Stevenage from 1997 to 2010. During this time she held several parliamentary and ministerial positions.

In the decade before entering Parliament she played a major part in transformation of the Labour Party, firstly by making members more aware of their visual impact on voters and secondly by co-founding and running two organisations, Labour Women's Network and Emily's List UK, which spearheaded reforms that helped Labour to return a record 101 women to Parliament in 1997.

Following the United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal, she repaid more than £42,000 which she had claimed in expenses - which enabled her to top the list of repayments made by MPs. She stood down in 2010 in order to take over running the business of her husband, author Ken Follett.

EMILYs List
EMILYs List, formerly stylized as EMILY's List, is an American political action committee (PAC) that aims to help elect Democratic female candidates in favor of abortion rights to office. It was founded by Ellen Malcolm in 1985. The group's name is a backronym for "Early Money Is Like Yeast", alluding to the way yeast makes dough rise. The saying refers to a convention of political fundraising: receiving many donations early in a race helps attract subsequent donors. EMILYs List bundles contributions to the campaigns of Democratic women in favor of abortion rights running in targeted races.

From 1985 through 2008, EMILYs List raised $240 million for political candidates. EMILYs List spent $27.4 million in 2010, $34 million in 2012, and $44.9 million in 2014. The organization was on track to raise $60 million for the 2016 election cycle, much of it earmarked for Hillary Clinton, whose presidential bid EMILYs List had endorsed.
Rodrigue et Chimène
Rodrigue et Chimène (English: Rodrigo and Ximena) is an unfinished opera in three acts by Claude Debussy. The French libretto, by Catulle Mendès, is based on the plays Las Mocedades del Cid by Guillén de Castro y Bellvís and Corneille's Le Cid which deal with the legend of El Cid (Rodrigue in the opera). It was first staged in a version completed by Edison Denisov in Lyon on 14 May 1993.

Pierre Corneille
Pierre Corneille (/kɔːrˈneɪ/ kor-NAY, French: [pjɛʁ kɔʁnɛj]; 6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French tragedian. He is generally considered one of the three great 17th-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.

As a young man, he earned the valuable patronage of Cardinal Richelieu, who was trying to promote classical tragedy along formal lines, but later quarrelled with him, especially over his best-known play, Le Cid, about the medieval Spanish warrior, which was denounced by the newly formed Académie française for breaching the unities. He continued to write well-received tragedies for nearly forty years.
Episode 1 (Tá no Ar)
The first episode of the Brazilian situation comedy Tá no Ar premiered on the Globo Network on Thursday night, April 10, 2014.  It was written by series creators Marcelo Adnet and Marcius Melhem, and directed by Maurício Farias.

This episode received generally positive reviews from critics, particularly for the writing and the parodies. According to Ibope, the episode were watched by 3.03 million viewers during their original broadcast in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the two major advertising markets in Brazil.

Marcelo Adnet
Marcelo França Adnet (born September 5, 1981, in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian actor, comedian and former VJ. He has been on many TV shows such as Adnet viaja ("Adnet travels") (2012), Adnet ao vivo ("Adnet live") (2011) and Comédia MTV ("MTV Comedy") (2010-2012). He was named by Época magazine as one of the 100 most influential Brazilians in 2009.

Adnet has a degree in journalism from PUC-Rio. His career as a comedian began while in college when a friend, the actor Fernando Caruso, invited him to make an improvisation play, Z.E. Zenas Emprovisadas, which debuted in 2003 and ran until 2012. He stands out for the imitations he often creates around famous personalities. He worked on the Multishow cable television channel, owned by Rede Globo, before going to MTV as a result of his performance in Rockgol. Marcelo was married to his former co-worker, the MTV VJ and comedian Dani Calabresa. In January 2013, Adnet was hired by TV Globo.