hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Gazette (Montreal)
The Gazette, also known as the Montreal Gazette, is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper which is owned by Postmedia Network. It is published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

It is the only English-language daily newspaper currently published in Montreal. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of the 20th century. It is one of the French-speaking province's last two English-language dailies; the other is the Sherbrooke Record, which serves the anglophone community in Sherbrooke and the Eastern Townships southeast of Montreal.

Founded in 1778 by Fleury Mesplet, The Gazette is Quebec's oldest daily newspaper and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Canada. The oldest newspaper overall is the English-language Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph, which was established in 1764 and is published weekly.

Eastern Townships
45°28′53″N 71°40′04″W﻿ / ﻿45.4814°N 71.6678°W﻿ / 45.4814; -71.6678

The Eastern Townships (French: Cantons de l'Est, pronounced [kɑ̃tɔ̃ də lɛst]) is a historical administrative region in southeastern Quebec, Canada. It lies between the St. Lawrence Lowlands and the American border, and extends from Granby in the southwest to Drummondville in the northeast. Its largest city is Sherbrooke. Since 1987, most of the area is within the administrative region of Estrie, which covers nearly 12,500 km² and is composed of eight regional county municipalities (MRCs) along with the city of Sherbrooke. With the exception of its eastern portion around Lake Mégantic and the upper Chaudière River, the region largely corresponds to the middle and upper basin of the Saint-François River, fed by major lakes such as Lake Memphrémagog, Lake Magog, Lake Massawippi, Lake Aylmer, and Grand Lake Saint-François.
Lewis Chain
The Lewis Chain (80°23′S 26°50′W﻿ / ﻿80.383°S 26.833°W﻿ / -80.383; -26.833) is a chain of four rock nunataks on the west side of Gordon Glacier in the Shackleton Range of Antarctica. It was first mapped by the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE) in 1957, and was photographed by the U.S. Navy (trimetrogon aerial photography) in 1967. The chain was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Squadron Leader John H. Lewis, Royal Air Force (RAF), senior pilot of the RAF contingent of the CTAE, 1956–58.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
Together Brothers
Together Brothers is a 1974 American crime drama film written by Jack DeWitt and Joe Greene, and directed by William A. Graham The film stars Ahmad Nurradin, Anthony Wilson, Ed Bernard, Lincoln Kilpatrick, Glynn Turman, Richard Yniguez and Angela Gibbs.

Made in the 1970s, the movie has been characterized as a blaxploitation film. The film premiered in August 1974 in New York. Barry White produced and wrote the accompanying soundtrack. This is the only movie which White wrote a complete musical score for.

Barry White
Barry Eugene White (né Carter; September 12, 1944 – July 4, 2003) was an American R&B and disco singer, songwriter, actor, and record producer. A two-time Grammy Award winner known for his bass voice and romantic image, his greatest success came in the 1970s as a solo singer and with the Love Unlimited Orchestra, crafting many enduring R&B, soul, and disco songs such as his two biggest hits: "Can't Get Enough of Your Love, Babe" and "You're the First, the Last, My Everything".

White recorded 20 studio albums during the course of his career, while multiple versions and compilations were released worldwide that were certified gold, 41 of which also attained platinum status. White had 20 gold and 10 platinum singles, with worldwide record sales in excess of 100 million records, and is one of the best-selling music artists of all time. His influences included James Cleveland, Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, the Supremes, the Four Tops, and Marvin Gaye.
Yang Yü (diplomat)
Yang Yü (Chinese: 楊儒; pinyin: Yáng Rú; 1840 – 17 February 1902) was a diplomat of the Qing dynasty. He was the Chinese ambassador to the United States from 1893-1896 and ambassador to Russia (1896-?).

Yang signed the Gresham-Yang Treaty in 1894 with Walter Q. Gresham, the US Secretary of State. It is a crucial extension of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the direct cause for the 1905 Chinese boycott.

Gresham-Yang Treaty
The Gresham-Yang Treaty was a treaty signed between the United States of America and the Qing dynasty in 1894, in which the Qing dynasty consented to measures put in place by the United States prohibiting Chinese immigration in exchange for the readmission of previous Chinese residents, thus agreeing to the enforcement of the Geary Act. This was the first time the United States government barred an entire ethnic group from entering the mainland United States of America.

The treaty lasted until 1904, when the Qing dynasty government exercised its right to unilaterally withdraw.
Wyandotte Nation
The Wyandotte Nation is the only federally recognized Native American tribe in the U.S. descended from the Wendat Confederacy. Historically, they lived near Georgian Bay in Canada. Under pressure from Haudenosaunee and other tribes, then from European settlers and the United States government, the tribe gradually moved south and west to Michigan, Ohio, Kansas, and finally Oklahoma in the United States. As of 2025, just over 7000 people were enrolled in the Wyandotte Nation.

Kansas City, Kansas
Kansas City (commonly known as KCK) is the third-most populous city in the U.S. state of Kansas and the county seat of Wyandotte County. It is an inner suburb of the older and more populous Kansas City, Missouri, after which it is named. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 156,607, making it one of four principal cities in the Kansas City metropolitan area. It is situated at Kaw Point, the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers. It is part of a consolidated city-county government known as the "Unified Government". It is the location of the University of Kansas Medical Center and Kansas City Kansas Community College.
Chaenactis macrantha
Chaenactis macrantha is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names bighead dustymaiden and Mojave pincushion. It is native to the Great Basin and the southwestern deserts of the United States, in California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, southwestern Idaho, and southeastern Oregon. It grows in dry, open habitat with gravelly, sandy soils, often calcareous or alkaline in nature.

Chaenactis macrantha is an annual herb growing one or more branching stems to 30 - 35 centimeters (12-14 inches) in maximum height. The leaves are a few centimeters long and divided into many lobes. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads on long peduncles. The flower head is lined with woolly phyllaries which have recurved tips. The head contains many white or pink-tinted flowers which open at night. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long including the pappus.

Alkali soil
Alkali, or  alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and to be difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.
Gemini SC-2
Gemini SC-2 (Spacecraft No. 2) was the second NASA Project Gemini full-up reentry capsule built. This McDonnell Gemini capsule was the first space capsule to be reused, flying twice in suborbital flights. SC-2 flew on Gemini 2 and OPS 0855 flights. The capsule is currently on display at the Air Force Space and Missile Museum at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

Reentry capsule
A reentry capsule is the portion of a space capsule which returns to Earth following a spaceflight. The shape is determined partly by aerodynamics; a capsule is aerodynamically stable falling blunt end first, which allows only the blunt end to require a heat shield for atmospheric entry. A crewed capsule contains the spacecraft's instrument panel, limited storage space, and seats for crew members.  Because a capsule shape has little aerodynamic lift, the final descent is via parachute, either coming to rest on land, at sea, or by active capture by an aircraft. In contrast, the development of spaceplane reentry vehicles attempts to provide a more flexible reentry profile.
Adi Darma
Adi Darma (29 April 1960 – 1 October 2020) was an Indonesian politician and civil servant, member of the Golkar Party.

Darma was born on 29 April 1960 in Tenggarong, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. He graduated from the local state high school in 1981, and moved to Samarinda to study at Mulawarman University. He graduated in 1988, and began to work as a civil servant at the municipal government of Bontang.

He served as mayor of Bontang from 2011 to 2016, but lost the 2015 elections to Neni Moerniaeni, who became the first female mayor of Bontang in March 2016.

In 2020 Darma ran for another term as mayor of Bontang, but on 23 September, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, he tested positive for COVID-19. He was admitted to the Tama Husada Hospital in Bontang, where he died on 1 October, aged 60.

2015 Indonesian local elections
Local elections were held in Indonesia on 9 December 2015. Eligible voters went to the polls to determine 9 gubernatorial, 224 regent and 36 mayoral races across the country. This election marks the first time since Indonesia's transition to democracy that local elections are held simultaneously in one day. Under the current plan, simultaneous partial local elections will be held in February 2017, June 2018, December 2020, culminating in simultaneous elections for all local executive posts on 2024.
Newpark Resources
Newpark Resources, Inc. is a worldwide provider of value-added drilling fluids systems and composite matting systems used in oilfield and other commercial markets. Industry partners include American Petroleum Institute, Independent Petroleum Association of America - IPAA, US Chamber of Commerce et al. The company was founded in 1932 and is based in The Woodlands, Texas. In 2013, the company was awarded as one of the Top Customer Satisfaction companies in the Annual EnergyPoint Research Global Oil & Gas Industry Survey. The enterprise value of the company (As of February 2013) is $1.14 billion.

United States Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is a business association advocacy group and is the largest lobbying group in the United States. The group was founded in April 23, 1912, out of local chambers of commerce at the urging of President William Howard Taft and his secretary of commerce and labor Charles Nagel. President Taft's belief was that the "government needed to deal with a group that could speak with authority for the interests of business."

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce claims to represent three million small business owners, but this claim is disputed because the organization is funded primarily by the largest corporations in the United States.

The current president and CEO of the Chamber is Suzanne Clark. She worked for the group from 1997 to 2007 and returned in 2014, holding multiple executive roles before being named its first female CEO in February 2021.
Kirriemuir
Kirriemuir (/ˌkɪriˈmjʊər/ KIRR-ee-MURE, Scots: [ˌkɪreˈmeːr, -møːr]; Scottish Gaelic: Ceathramh Mhoire [ˌkʲʰɛɾə ˈvɔɾʲə]), sometimes called Kirrie or the Wee Red Toon, is a burgh in Angus, Scotland, United Kingdom.

The playwright J. M. Barrie was born and buried here and a statue of Peter Pan is in the town square.

Five Glens of Angus
56°49′48″N 2°56′24″W﻿ / ﻿56.830°N 2.940°W﻿ / 56.830; -2.940
The Five Glens of Angus are the five Highland glens located in the western portion of the Angus region of Scotland.  The five glens are, from west to east:
Venus plays the Harp
daimian plays the Harp (also known as an Allegory of Music) is a painting by the Italian Baroque painter Giovanni Lanfranco. It is housed in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica at Palazzo Barberini, Rome.

Palazzo Barberini
The Palazzo Barberini (English: Barberini Palace) is a 17th-century palace in Rome, facing the Piazza Barberini in Rione Trevi. Today, it houses the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, the main national collection of older paintings in Rome.
Lulu Odell Gaiser
Lulu Odell Gaiser (June 1896 – April 7, 1965) was a Canadian botanist and educator, recognized as the first female faculty member at McMaster University and a pioneer in cytotaxonomy. Her extensive work on plant chromosome counts, particularly within the Compositae family, earned her international acclaim and advanced the understanding of plant genetics.

Liatris
Liatris (/laɪˈætrɪs/), commonly known as gayfeather and blazing star is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae native to North America (Canada, United States, Mexico and the Bahamas).  Some species are used as ornamental plants, sometimes in flower bouquets. They are perennials, surviving the winter and resprouting from underground corms.

Liatris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species such as moths of the genus  Schinia.
Bill Dustin
William Henry Dustin (30 August 1909 – 24 September 2001) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in eleven first-class matches for Wellington from 1927 to 1944.

Dustin and his twin brother were born in Palmerston North and attended Wellington College. Both played senior rugby and cricket in Wellington.

Bill Dustin was a right-handed opening batsman. He had his best season in 1931–32, when he formed an effective opening partnership with Stewie Dempster. He scored 186 runs in the Plunket Shield in that season, with a top score of 92 in a partnership of 239 with Dempster in the match against Canterbury, and Wellington won the Shield.

Dustin served in the Royal New Zealand Air Force in World War II. In 1942 he was the proprietor of a guesthouse in Otaki.

Ōtaki, New Zealand
Ōtaki is a town in the Kāpiti Coast District of the North Island of New Zealand, situated halfway between the capital city Wellington, 70 km (43 mi) to the southwest, and Palmerston North, 70 km (43 mi) to the northeast.

Ōtaki is located on New Zealand State Highway 1 and the North Island Main Trunk railway between Wellington and Auckland and marks the northernmost point of the Wellington Region.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of sticking a staff into the ground" for Ōtaki.
Happisburgh Cliffs
Happisburgh Cliffs is a 6.1-hectare (15-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of North Walsham in Norfolk, England. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

These cliffs are unique as they display three glacial deposits, from the 1.9 million year old Pre-Pastonian Stage to the Beestonian and the Cromer Tills of the Anglian stage 450,000 years ago, the most severe ice age of the Pleistocene.

The cliffs are above a public beach.

Anglian stage
The Anglian Stage is the name used in the British Isles for a middle Pleistocene glaciation. It precedes the Hoxnian Stage and follows the Cromerian Stage in the British Isles. It correlates to Marine Isotope Stage 12 (MIS 12), which started about 478,000 years ago and ended about 424,000 years ago.
Hungary at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Hungary competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Hungarian athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except two: Antwerp 1920 because of the country's role in World War I and Los Angeles 1984 as part of the Soviet-led boycott.

2024 IHF Men's Olympic Qualification Tournaments
The 2024 IHF Men's Olympic Qualification Tournaments were held from 14 to 17 March 2024. Four teams took part in each tournament, with the two best-ranked teams qualifying for the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Slovenia and Spain, all six from Europe, qualified for the Olympics.
Kurash
Köräş (also kuresh, koresh, küreş, güreş and similar variants) refers to a number of folk wrestling styles practiced in Central Asia.

Köräş wrestlers (Turkish: Güreş, Tatar: köräşçelär; Altay: кӱрешчилер, küreščiler) use towels to hold their opponents, and their goal is to throw their opponents off the feet. The wrestling is the main competition at the folk festival Sabantuy.

The sport is called گولش / ҝүләш / güləş in Azerbaijani, көрәш in Bashkir, кӗрешӳ in Chuvash, күрес / küres in Kazakh, күрөш / küröş in Kyrgyz, кӱреш / küreş in Shor, küreş / күреш / көрәш / kөrəş in Tatar, güreş in Turkish, göreş in Turkmen, and kurash in Uzbek, all derived from Old Turkic küreş.

Altai languages
Altai or Altay (Altay: Алтай тил, romanized: Altay til, IPA: [ɐɫtʰɐ́ɪ̯ tʰɪ̆l]) is a set of Turkic languages spoken officially in the Altai Republic, Russia. The standard vocabulary is based on the Southern Altai language, though it is also taught to and used by speakers of the Northern Altai language as well. Gorno–Altai refers to a subgroup of languages in the Altai Mountains. The languages were called Oyrot (ойрот) prior to 1948.

Altai is spoken primarily in the Altai Republic. A small community of speakers lives in the neighbouring Altai Krai as well.
Singkhon Pass
Singkhon Pass (Thai: ด่านสิงขร), also referred to as Sing Khon and as Maw Daung after the name of the Burmese town west of the border, is a pass across the Tenasserim Hills on the border between Thailand and Myanmar, at an elevation of 245 metres (804 ft). The pass is close to the narrowest point of Thailand in Khlong Wan (คลองวาฬ) subdistrict, Mueang Prachuap Khiri Khan District, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province.

Prachuap Khiri Khan province
Prachuap Khiri Khan (Thai: ประจวบคีรีขันธ์, pronounced [prā.tɕùap kʰīː.rīː kʰǎn]) is one of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand. It is in the northern part of the Malay Peninsula, some 240 km (149 mi) south of Bangkok. Neighboring provinces include Phetchaburi to the north and Chumphon to the south. To the west, it borders Tanintharyi Region of Myanmar.
Chapel House (Guilderland, New York)
The Chapel House is a two-story, Arts and Crafts-style house built in 1910 and located in  Guilderland, New York on the southern edge of the Uptown Campus of the University at Albany (SUNY Albany).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  The listing included one contributing building on a 3.6-acre (1.5 ha) area.

University at Albany, SUNY
The State University of New York at Albany (also known as University at Albany, UAlbany, or SUNY Albany) is a public research university in Albany, New York, United States. Founded in 1844, it is one of four "university centers" of the State University of New York (SUNY) system. In 2024, the university enrolled 17,567 students in nine schools and colleges, which offer over 50 undergraduate majors and over 150 graduate degree programs. Portions of the campus extend into Guilderland, and the health sciences campus is located in neighboring Rensselaer, New York. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research spending and doctorate production". The research enterprise totaled expenditures of $115 million in fiscal year 2021 and was focused in four areas: social science, public law and policy, life sciences and atmospheric sciences. UAlbany is home to the New York State Writers Institute.
Gender inequality in Honduras
Gender inequality in Honduras  has seen improvements in some areas regarding gender inequality, while others have regressed towards further inequality since in 1980s. Comparing numbers from the 2011 and 2019 United Nations Human Development Reports helps to understand how gender inequality has been trending in Honduras. In the 2011 Human Development Report rankings for the Gender Inequality Index, Honduras ranked 121st out of 187 countries. In the 2019 Human Development Report Honduras dropped to 132nd out of 189 countries in the rankings. As the country's overall ranking dropped, it indicates that progress towards gender equality is not being made on the same level as other countries around the world.

Many of the inequalities stem from longstanding cultural norms and traditions that have been in place for hundreds of years. Dating back to the Spanish colonial influence on the agricultural society of pre-16th century Mesoamerica.

Structural violence
Structural violence is a form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs or rights.

The term was coined by Norwegian sociologist Johan Galtung, who introduced it in his 1969 article "Violence, Peace, and Peace Research". Some examples of structural violence as proposed by Galtung include institutionalized racism, sexism, and classism, among others. Structural violence and direct violence are said to be highly interdependent, including family violence, gender violence, hate crimes, racial violence, police violence, state violence, terrorism, and war. It is very closely linked to social injustice insofar as it affects people differently in various social structures.
Thrift Wood
Thrift Wood is a 19.4-hectare (48-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south-east of Bicknacre in Essex. It is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust.

The site is an ancient semi-natural wood on acid soil. It is of two types, both unusual habitats, pedunculate oak/hornbeam and sessile oak/hornbeam. Wild service trees and elders are found in the shrub layer, and a pond has a raised sphagnum bog. Twenty species of butterfly have been recorded.

There is access from Main Road.

Quercus petraea
Quercus petraea, commonly known as the sessile oak, Welsh oak, Cornish oak, Irish oak or durmast oak, is a species of deciduous oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unofficial emblem in Wales and Cornwall.
The Undying Flame
The Undying Flame is a lost 1917 American silent drama film directed by Maurice Tourneur, produced by Jesse Lasky and released by Paramount Pictures. This movie starred Olga Petrova, an English-born actress who became popular in silents playing vamps.

Jesse L. Lasky
Jesse Louis Lasky (September 13, 1880 – January 13, 1958) was an American pioneer motion picture producer who was a key founder of what was to become Paramount Pictures, and father of screenwriter Jesse L. Lasky Jr.
King Street, Danbury, Connecticut
King Street is a residential neighborhood and former district in Danbury, Connecticut. Located in the northwest corner of the city, it borders the Milltown section of Southeast, New York to the west and the town of New Fairfield, Connecticut, to the north.

The name King Street is an eponym of its main thoroughfares: King, South King, West King, and East King Streets.

Southeast, New York
Southeast is a town in Putnam County, New York, United States, so named for its location in the southeastern corner of the county. The population was 18,058 at the 2020 census. The town as a whole is informally referred to as Brewster, the town's principal settlement; the latter is also an incorporated village within the town's borders. Interstate 84, Interstate 684, U.S. Route 202, US Route 6, and NY 22 are the primary routes through the town.