hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Korea Aviation Accident Investigation Board
The Korea Aviation Accident Investigation Board (KAIB, Korean: 항공사고조사위원회) was a South Korean agency that investigated aviation accidents and incidents. Around 2005 its headquarters were in Gonghang-dong, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, near Gimpo International Airport, and its flight data recorder/cockpit voice recorder and wreckage laboratory was located on the property of Gimpo Airport. Around 2004 it had been headquartered in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do.

The agency was established on August 12, 2002, replacing the Investigation Division of the Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Construction and Transportation. On July 10, 2006, the Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board formed as a result of a merger between the KAIB and the Railway Accident Investigation Board.

Gangseo District, Seoul
Gangseo District (Korean: 강서구; RR: Gangseo-gu; Korean pronunciation: [ka̠ŋ.sʰʌ̹.ɡu]) is one of the 25 districts (gu) of Seoul, South Korea. It is located on the south side of the Han River. South Korea's third busiest airport, Gimpo International Airport, is located in Gonghang-dong, where many flights fly to cities like Busan, Jeju, and Gwangju.  The Magok Industrial Complex, located in Magok-dong, is a major hub for research and development, housing numerous R&D centers and corporate headquarters.
1840 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1840.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Malvella sherardiana
Malvella sherardiana, or Sherard's malvella, is a perennial flowering plant in the mallow family (Malvaceae), native to Spain and from Greece to Crimea, southeastward to Iran. The species features many ground-spreading stems with round, long-stalked leaves up to 50 millimetres (2.0 in) wide with crinkly edges, and small, solitary pink mallow-like flowers measuring 10 millimetres (0.39 in) in diameter. It is the only Old World species in the genus Malvella, typically growing in fields and waste places on heavy clay soils at elevations between 0–1,000 metres (3,300 ft), where it faces conservation challenges, particularly in central Spain where it qualifies as endangered with fewer than 300 individuals remaining across fragmented populations.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
The Angel with the Flaming Sword
The Angel with the Flaming Sword (German: Der Engel mit dem Flammenschwert) is a 1954 West German drama film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Gertrud Kückelmann, Martin Benrath and Petra Peters.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Wolf Englert and Max Mellin.

Gerhard Lamprecht
Gerhard Lamprecht (6 October 1897 – 4 May 1974) was a German film director, screenwriter and film historian. He directed 63 films between 1920 and 1958. He also wrote for 26 films between 1918 and 1958.
Sargachromanol
Sargachromanols are a group of related chemical compounds isolated from the brown alga Sargassum siliquastrum.  At least 20 members of the class have been identified, named sargachromanol A through T.  Sargachromanol G has in vitro anti-inflammatory effects in isolated mouse macrophage cells.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Ice Cream Everyday
Ice Cream Everyday is the fifth studio album from singer-songwriter Amel Larrieux. Originally scheduled for release on August 23, the record was released on October 22, 2013, on her independent label Blisslife Records.  It is her first album in six years following 2007's jazz covers project Lovely Standards and her first recording of all new material since 2006's Morning.

Ice Cream Everyday was produced by Amel's husband Laru Larrieux, who produced all of her studio albums during her solo career. The album was partially recorded and mixed by Eric "Ibo" Butler, who previously worked with Larrieux on the self-titled album by her former group Groove Theory as well as her second effort Bravebird.

The first single "Afraid" was released to radio on June 11, 2013.

Groove Theory
Groove Theory was an American R&B duo, with former member, singer-songwriter Amel Larrieux and songwriter/producer/actor, Bryce Wilson. The group is best known for their 1995 hit "Tell Me", which reached the top five of Billboard's Hot 100 and the US Billboard R&B chart.
Canal Panda
Canal Panda is a Portuguese pay television channel. The first network in Portugal dedicated to kids programming. The channel was founded in 1996 as Panda Club in Spain and Portugal, but the name was changed to Canal Panda in 1997. In 2001, the channel was closed down in Spain, thus focusing on the Portuguese market. It was relaunched in Spain in 2011 and closed down again in 2022. Canal Panda is currently operated by Dreamia, a joint-venture between AMC Networks International Iberia and NOS. In addition to the linear channel, it operates the Panda+ SVOD service.

Currently, Canal Panda is a Portuguese preschool channel, airing programs targeted at the 3-8 age range, though before the early 2010s it catered a wider demographic.

NOS (Portuguese company)
NOS, SGPS S.A. is a Portuguese telecommunications and media company which provides mobile and fixed telephony, cable television, satellite television and internet. The company resulted from the merger in 2013 of two of the country's major telecommunications companies: Zon Multimédia (formerly known as PT Multimédia, a spun-off media arm of Portugal Telecom) and Sonae's Optimus Telecommunications,

NOS owns premium movie channels TVCine and has a 25% stake in the Sport TV television network. It also operates 6 thematic channels with Dreamia, a joint venture with AMC Networks International Southern Europe. NOS Audiovisuais (formerly ZON Lusomundo) is a home-video and cinema film distributor and operates Cinemas NOS, the largest cinema chain of Portugal.
Sobiechy
Sobiechy [sɔˈbjɛxɨ] (German: Sobiechen, from 1938-45 Salpen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Budry, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Budry, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Węgorzewo, and 104 km (65 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Sobiechy was established by Polish people in 1562.

Węgorzewo County
Węgorzewo County (Polish: powiat węgorzewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It was created in 2002 out of the northern part of Giżycko County. Its administrative seat and only town is Węgorzewo, which lies 95 kilometres (59 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 693.43 square kilometres (267.7 sq mi). As of 2024 its total population is 20,703, out of which the population of Węgorzewo is 10,488 and the rural population is 10,140.
Notre Dame du Bon Succès
Notre Dame du Bon Succès is a wooden statue of the Madonna and Child in the Church of Our Lady of Finisterrae in central Brussels, Belgium. Its history before 1625 is based on uncertain records, but after that date, its story is well documented. Originally from St Machar's Cathedral in Aberdeen, Scotland, it is believed to have been sent to Dunkirk by William Laing, the Procurer for the King of Spain. The statue came to Brussels in 1625, where it was venerated in the Temple of the Augustinians. It was transferred to Finisterrae in 1814, when the Augustinian Temple became a Protestant place of worship.

Many myths and miracles have been associated with Notre Dame du Bon Succès. The statue is made from oak and walnut. There is evidence of repairs from X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning. Copies of this statue are known as Our Lady of Aberdeen in Scotland.

Temple of the Augustinians, Brussels
The Temple of the Augustinians (French: Temple des Augustins; Dutch: Augustijnentempel), or the Church of the Augustinians (French: Église des Augustins; Dutch: Augustijnenkerk), was a Brabantine Baroque-style church in Brussels, Belgium, designed and built from 1621 to 1642 by the architect Jacob Franquart for the Augustinians order. It was located on the Place de Brouckère/De Brouckèreplein in central Brussels until its demolition in 1893–94. Its façade's masonry, however, was preserved, being disassembled and reconstructed as the façade of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Ixelles.
Ako ay Pilipino
Ako ay Pilipino (“I am Filipino”) is a Filipino patriotic song written by George Canseco in 1981. It was commissioned by First Lady Imelda Marcos for the second inauguration of her husband, President Ferdinand Marcos, and performed by Kuh Ledesma.

On February 8, 2022 Toni Gonzaga performed a shorter version as the final stanza to end UniTeam's proclamation rally for Bongbong Marcos (Marcos, Sr. and Imelda's son) and Sara Duterte's campaign for President and Vice-President, held at the Philippine Arena.

First ladies and gentlemen of the Philippines
The first lady or first gentleman of the Philippines (Filipino: Unang Ginang o Unang Ginoó ng Pilipinas) is the courtesy title given to the host or hostess of Malacañang Palace, the residence of the head of state and head of government of the Philippines.

The title is traditionally held by the consort of the president of the Philippines, and as such is used to interchangeably refer to the spouse of the incumbent; however, this is rarely the case, especially for presidents without a living spouse at the time of their tenure. The position, which is customary in nature and dignity, merits no official remuneration from the state.

Liza Araneta Marcos is the current first lady of the Philippines, as wife of the 17th and current president of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos.
Herdis von Magnus
Herdis von Magnus (23 September 1912 – 15 March 1992, Gentofte) was a Danish virologist and polio expert. After working with Jonas Salk, she and her husband directed the first polio vaccination program in Denmark. She also researched encephalitis.

Gentofte
Gentofte (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkentsʰʌftə]) is a district of Gentofte Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Major landmarks include Gentofte Town Hall, Gentofte Hospital and Gentofte Church. Gentofte Lake with surrounding parkland and nature reserves form the most important greenspace.
Burkitt Nunatak
Burkitt Nunatak is a small nunatak, rising to about 1,200 m (3,900 ft) high, located in the north-west part of Dyer Plateau, 17 km (11 mi) west-southwest of Crescent Scarp, Palmer Land, Antarctica. Following glaciological work by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1980–81, the feature was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after David M. Burkitt, a BAS general assistant who assisted in the work that season, and was a member of the Joint Services Expedition to Elephant Island, 1970–71.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Shi Jianru
Shi Jianru (Simplified Chinese: 史坚如, Traditional Chinese: 史堅如, June 24, 1879 – November 9, 1900), originally named Shi Jiuwei (史久緯), styled Jingru (經如), later changed to Jianru, was a Christian from Panyu, Guangdong, China (Qing Dynasty). He was a martyr against the late Qing dynasty, also a descendant of the Ming dynasty general Shi Kefa. In October 1900, he made an unsuccessful attempt to bomb the highest-ranking official of Guangdong, for which he was arrested and executed by Qing authorities.

Panyu, Guangzhou
Panyu, formerly romanized as Punyü, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Since January 1975, Panyu County has been under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County was renamed to Panyu county-level city, still under Guangzhou's administration. It was subsequently renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. The present district covers an area of about 530 km2 (200 sq mi).
Technological innovation system
The technological innovation system is a concept developed within the scientific field of innovation studies which serves to explain the nature and rate of technological change. A Technological Innovation System can be defined as ‘a dynamic network of agents interacting in a specific economic/industrial area under a particular institutional infrastructure and involved in the generation, diffusion, and utilization of technology’.

The approach may be applied to at least three levels of analysis: to a technology in the sense of a knowledge field, to a product  or an artefact, or to a set of related products and artifacts aimed at satisfying a particular (societal) function’. With respect to the latter, the approach has especially proven itself in explaining why and how sustainable (energy) technologies have developed and diffused into a society, or have failed to do so. Technology improves throughout the years, and so do we.

Product (business)
In marketing and economics, a product is any object, service, or system offered to a market to satisfy a customer’s need or want. Products may be tangible, such as physical goods that can be touched and owned, or intangible, such as services, digital offerings, or rights that provide value without physical form. Products are created through processes of design, production, and distribution, and they play a central role in commercial exchange, consumer behavior, and organizational strategy.

Beyond marketing, the term product is also used in fields such as manufacturing, where it refers to finished goods derived from raw materials, and project management, where it denotes deliverables produced to achieve defined objectives. Because products directly affect consumer safety, economic activity, and environmental sustainability, they are often subject to regulation, classification systems, and information-disclosure requirements across different jurisdictions.
Canton of Ribiers
The canton of Ribiers is a former administrative division in southeastern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 7 communes, which joined the canton of Laragne-Montéglin in 2015. It had 1,795 inhabitants (2012).

The canton comprised the following communes:

Antonaves

Barret-sur-Méouge

Châteauneuf-de-Chabre

Éourres

Ribiers

Saint-Pierre-Avez

Salérans

Barret-sur-Méouge
Barret-sur-Méouge (French pronunciation: [baʁɛ syʁ meuʒ], literally Barret on Méouge; Occitan: Barret sus Meüja, before 2001: Barret-le-Bas) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. It is located at the start of the 'Gorges de la Méouge' on the Méouge river.
Buck Elk Creek
Buck Elk Creek is a stream in southern Osage County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Gasconade River.

The stream headwaters arise at 38°17′33″N 91°43′42″W﻿ / ﻿38.29250°N 91.72833°W﻿ / 38.29250; -91.72833 just one mile north of Belle in adjoining Maries County and just west of Missouri Route 89 at an elevation of about 1,000 ft (300 m). The stream flows generally northwest to its confluence with the Gasconade at 38°19′59″N 91°49′54″W﻿ / ﻿38.33306°N 91.83167°W﻿ / 38.33306; -91.83167 at an elevation of 577 ft (176 m).

Buck Elk Creek was so named due to the presence of elk in the area.

Missouri Route 89
Route 89 is a highway in central Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at Route 100 in Chamois; its southern terminus is at Route 28 in Belle.  A short spur of Highway 89 connects with east U.S. Route 50 east of Linn.
Arditi (surname)
Arditi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lior Arditi (born 1977), Israeli basketball player

Luigi Arditi (1822–1903), Italian violinist, composer and conductor

Binyamin Arditi (1897–1981), Austrian/Bulgarian-Israeli politician, author

Esther Arditi (1937–2003), Israeli soldier, the only woman recipient of the Medal of Distinguished Service

Giacomo Arditi (1815–1891), Italian historian, economist and writer

Metin Arditi (born 1945), French-speaking Swiss writer of Turkish Sephardi origin

Michele Arditi (1746–1838), Italian lawyer, antiquarian and archaeologist

Moshe Arditi, Turkish-American physician

Pierre Arditi (born 1944), French actor

Dani Arditi (born 1951), head of the Israeli National Security Council 2007-2009

David Arditi (born 1945), American academic of Turkish Sephardi descent, construction engineering, well published researcher and author

Lior Arditti
Lior Arditti (also "Arditty" and "Arditi"; Hebrew: ליאור ארדיטי; born December 16, 1977) is an Israeli former basketball player. He played the guard position. He played in the Israel Basketball Premier League for Team Israel in the 1989 Maccabiah Games, winning a gold medal. He also competed in the Israel Basketball Premier League, and for the Israeli national basketball team.
Bess Meisler
Bess Meisler (born July 19, 1922) is an American actress best known for her role as Yiayia in the My Big Fat Greek Wedding film series. Starting her screen career at the age of 65, Meisler has become a notable figure for her comedic timing and portrayals of elderly characters in both film and television.

Eagleheart (TV series)
Eagleheart is an American action comedy television series that aired on the programming block Adult Swim. Eagleheart was produced by Conan O'Brien's production company, Conaco, and stars Chris Elliott as Chris Monsanto. The series aired from 2011 to 2014.
Mile Ilić
Mile Ilić (Serbian Cyrillic: Миле Илић; born 2 June 1984) is a Serbian podcaster and former professional basketball player.

Known in Serbia as Jao Mile (word play referencing Yao Ming and the Serbian expression for ouch, jao), the 2.15-metre-tall (7'1") center won two Adriatic League championships with KK FMP. Additionally, he played with the New Jersey Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA) during the 2006–07 season, having been drafted one year earlier as the 43rd overall pick.

Wordplay
Wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of wordplay include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).

Wordplay is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) wordplay are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts, such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
Protoplast
Protoplast (from Ancient Greek  πρωτόπλαστος (prōtóplastos) 'first-formed'), is a biological term coined by Hanstein in 1880 to refer to the entire cell, excluding the cell wall.  Protoplasts can be generated by stripping the cell wall from plant, bacterial, or fungal cells by mechanical, chemical or enzymatic means.

Protoplasts differ from spheroplasts in that their cell wall has been completely removed. Spheroplasts retain part of their cell wall. In the case of Gram-negative bacterial spheroplasts, for example, the peptidoglycan component of the cell wall has been removed but the outer membrane component has not.

Johannes von Hanstein
Johannes Ludwig Emil Robert von Hanstein (15 May 1822 – 27 August 1880) was a German botanist who was a native of Potsdam.

He attended classes at the Gärtnerlehranstalt (Institute of Horticulture) in Potsdam, and later studied sciences in Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1848. In 1855 he was a lecturer of botany at the University of Berlin, and six years later became curator of the royal herbarium. In 1865 he was appointed professor of botany at the University of Bonn and director of the botanical garden.

Hanstein is remembered for studies in plant anatomy and morphology. In 1868 he introduced the "histogen theory" to explain shoot apex behaviour in plants. With his close friend, Nathanael Pringsheim (1823–1894), he conducted pioneer research on the fertilization process in ferns.

The plant genus Hansteinia of the family Acanthaceae is named after him.
BCN Main Line
The BCN Main Line, or Birmingham Canal Navigations Main Line is the evolving route of the Birmingham Canal between Birmingham and Wolverhampton in England.

The name Main Line was used to distinguish the main Birmingham to Wolverhampton route from the many other canals and branches built or acquired by the Birmingham Canal Navigations company.

Black Country
The Black Country is a loosely defined area of England's West Midlands. It is mainly urban, covering most of the Dudley and Sandwell metropolitan boroughs, with the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton. The 14-mile (23 km) road between Wolverhampton and Birmingham was described as "one continuous town" in 1785.

The area was one of the Industrial Revolution's birthplaces. Its name was first recorded in the 1840s, and derives either from the 30 foot (9.1 m) thick coal seam close to the surface or the production of coal, coke, iron, glass, bricks and steel which produced high levels of soot and air pollution.