hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manla Water Control Project
Manla Water Control Project (Chinese: 满拉水利枢纽工程), also called as Manla Water Conservancy Project, is the first large-sized, modern water control project in Tibet. Its construction officially  began  in  August  1995 and was completed in August 2001.

The project has a total installed capacity of 20,000 kilowatts, and its main function is to irrigate more than 400,000 mu of farmland on both sides of the river, as well as flood control and power generation.

The project was invested and constructed by the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Water Resources, and was undertaken by the Third Corps of Armed Police Hydropower Troops (武警水电第三总队). The total investment is ¥960 million.

Ministry of Water Resources (China)
The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China is an executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for managing water resources in China. It is the 18th-ranking department of the State Council.
Medwin
Medwin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Medwin (1925–2020), American electrical engineer

Cameron Medwin (born 1982), Canadian soccer player

Michael Medwin (1923–2020), English actor and film producer

Terry Medwin (1932–2024), Welsh international footballer

Thomas Medwin (1788–1869), English poet and translator

Thomas Medwin
Thomas Medwin (20 March 1788 – 2 August 1869) was an early 19th-century English writer, poet and translator. He is known chiefly for his biography of his cousin, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and for published recollections of his friend, Lord Byron.
Glenlawn Collegiate
Glenlawn Collegiate is a public English-language secondary school in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, located at 770 St. Mary's Road, Elm Park in the suburb of St. Vital.  It is part of the Louis Riel School Division.

Gary Filmon
Gary Albert Filmon PC OC OM (born August 24, 1942) is a Canadian politician from Manitoba who served as the 19th premier of Manitoba. He was the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba from 1983 to 2000, and served as the premier from 1988 to 1999.
Hoàng Quế
Hoàng Quế is a ward (phường) of Quảng Ninh province, Vietnam.

The village is about 60 km to the west of Hạ Long Bay on the way from and to Hanoi. Hoàng Quế Village is a typical Vietnamese agricultural village in terms of culture and traditions. The village is surrounded by mountains which are mirrored in the Kinh Thầy River. Also, similar to other typical traditional Vietnamese villages in the North of Vietnam, Hoàng Quế Village has golden rice fields in the harvest time, many lakes and ponds and colorful gardens, especially the ranges of areca trees in the sunshine.

Hoàng Quế has many historical monuments and an ancient pagoda named Canh Huong which contains cultural and historical values dated back to Ly and Tran dynasty. In the village, all the alley roads have stone walls. The community-based tourism project has been developed in Hoàng Quế village since 2011. Visitors can visit Hoàng Quế village to see water puppet show.

Areca
Areca is a genus of 51 species of palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests from the islands of the Philippines and Malaysia, India, and across Southeast Asia to Melanesia. The generic name Areca is derived from a name used locally on the Malabar Coast of India.
Climate change in Sudan
In Sudan, climate change has caused an increase in temperatures, a decline in rainfall and driven desertification. Climate change poses significant challenges for rainfed agriculture and therefore the entire economy. Analysis of weather patterns suggest drought conditions and other extreme weather increased in Sudan during the 20th century. The relationship between climate change, water conflict and the war in Sudan has also been a topic of academic debate.

Blue Nile state has experienced significant impacts from climate change, being one of Sudan's fastest-warming regions. Moreover, there has been a 30-year decline in rainfall, which is becoming more irregular. Groundwater depletion has been observed Wad el-Mahi. Seasonal floods from the Blue Nile river and other streams have also worsened environmental conditions. Environmental degradation has been exacerbated by the excessive cutting of trees for charcoal production and improper handling of liquid and solid waste.

Blue Nile State
Blue Nile State (Arabic: ولاية النيل الأزرق Wilāyat an-Nīl al-ʾAzraq) is one of the 18 states of the Republic of the Sudan. Established by Presidential Decree No. 3 in 1992, it is named after the Blue Nile River. The region is host to around forty different ethnic groups. Its economic activity is based on agriculture and livestock as well as mineral exploitation.
Sir John Wroth, 1st Baronet
Sir John Wroth (1627–1664) was an English landowner.

He was the son of Sir Peter Wroth of Blendon (d. 1644) and Margaret, daughter of Sir Anthony Dering (d. 1636) of Surrenden Dering in Pluckley, Kent.

His home was Blendon Hall near Bexley in Kent. He was made a baronet on 29 November 1660.

In May 1650 he married Anne Caulfield, widow of Sir Paul Harris and Sir Ralph Gore. Some sources say Anne was the daughter of William Caulfield, others that her father was William's uncle Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont in Ireland.

Wroth contributed to a family history in manuscript. He wrote that his great-grandfather Sir Thomas Wroth was Groom of the Stool to Edward VI. He had his portrait painted by Robert Walker in 1651, and Samuel Cooper painted a miniature of his bride Anne just before their wedding. In 1651 Peter Lely painted her portrait "in great" for ten shillings.

Charlemont, County Armagh
Charlemont (Irish: Achadh an Dá Chora, "field of the two weirs") is a small village in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It sits on the right bank of the River Blackwater, five miles northwest of Armagh, and is linked to the neighbouring village of Moy by Charlemont Bridge. It had a population of 109 people (52 households) at the 2011 census.
Bereg County
Bereg (Rusyn: Береґ; German: Berg) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now mostly in western Ukraine and a smaller part in northeastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Beregszász ("Berehove" in Ukrainian, Berehovo in Rusyn, Bergsaß in German, Beregovo in Russian, Bereg in Romanian).

Ruthenian language
Ruthenian (see also other names) was a written language used from the 14th to the 18th centuries within the East Slavic-speaking regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Literary Ruthenian is considered to be a historical precursor to the modern Belarusian and Ukrainian languages (occasionally also to Rusyn), although neither standard language directly continues the Ruthenian written tradition.

Several linguistic issues are debated among linguists: various questions related to classification of literary and vernacular varieties of this language; issues related to meanings and proper uses of various endonymic (native) and exonymic (foreign) glottonyms (names of languages and linguistic varieties); questions on its relation to modern East Slavic languages, and its relation to Old East Slavic (the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' in the 10th through 13th centuries).
The Sky Phantom
The Sky Phantom is the fifty-third volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1976 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.

Harriet Adams
Harriet Stratemeyer Adams (December 12, 1892 – March 27, 1982) was an American juvenile book packager, children's novelist, and publisher who was responsible for some 200 books over her literary career. She wrote the plot outlines for many books in the Nancy Drew series, using characters invented by her father, Edward Stratemeyer. Adams also oversaw other ghostwriters who wrote for these and many other series as a part of the Stratemeyer Syndicate, and oversaw the rewriting of many of the novels to update them starting in the late 1950s.
Ruebel Hotel
The Ruebel Hotel is a historic hotel located at 207–215 E. Main St. in Grafton, Illinois. Built in 1913, the structure is the second hotel building on the site; the original Ruebel Hotel was built in 1879 and burned down in 1912. The Commercial style building features decorative brickwork typical of the style; the building's cornice has brick corbelling, and raised brick panels decorate the space above the second-story brick arched windows. The hotel, which also included a saloon and a restaurant, gained a reputation as one of the best in Jersey County. It is the only surviving hotel in Grafton.

The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 16, 1994.

Chicago school (architecture)
The Chicago School refers to two architectural styles derived from the architecture of Chicago. In the history of architecture, the first Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago in the late 19th, and at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial esthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. Much of its early work is also known as Commercial Style.

A "Second Chicago School" with a modernist esthetic emerged in the 1940s through 1970s, which pioneered new building technologies and structural systems, such as the tube-frame structure.
Gremlis Arvelo
Gremlis Arvelo (born August 21, 1996) is a Venezuelan table tennis player. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's singles event, in which she was eliminated in the first round by Lily Zhang.

Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The women's singles table tennis event was part of the table tennis programme at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. The event took place from 6 August to 10 August 2016 at Riocentro.

The medals were presented by Ng Ser Miang, IOC member, Singapore and Petra Sörling, Executive Vice President of the ITTF.
Kulmetovo
Kulmetovo (Russian: Кульметово; Bashkir: Ҡолмәт, Qolmät) is a rural locality (a village) in Yelanlinsky Selsoviet, Kiginsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 293 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Kiginsky District
Kiginsky District (Russian: Киги́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡыйғы районы, Qıyğı rayonı; Tatar: Кыйгы районы, Qıyğı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic and borders with Mechetlinsky and Belokataysky Districts in the north, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the east and southeast, Salavatsky District in the south and southwest, and with Duvansky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,688 square kilometers (652 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhniye Kigi. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 19,137, with the population of Verkhniye Kigi accounting for 34.7% of that number.
Richard Brooke (priest)
The Ven. Richard Brooke J.P. (1840–1926) was Archdeacon of The Cape from 1905 to 1926.

Brooke was educated at the University of the Cape and ordained Deacon in 1864 and Priest in 1865. He was a Tutor at the Diocesan College until 1866 when he became Rector of Philippolis. After further incumbencies at Clanwilliam and Claremont he became Principal of the Diocesan College. In 1901 he became Rector of Kalk Bay.

He died on 4 April 1926 at Rondebosch. His son  was Dean of Cape Town from 1932 to 1947.

Clanwilliam, South Africa
Clanwilliam is a town in the Olifants River valley in the Western Cape, South Africa, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Cape Town. It is located in, and the seat of, the Cederberg Local Municipality. As of 2011 Clanwilliam had a population of 7,674.
Randolph Rogers
Randolph Rogers (July 6, 1825 in Waterloo, New York – January 15, 1892 in Rome, Italy) was an American Neoclassical sculptor. An expatriate who lived most of his life in Italy, his works ranged from popular subjects to major commissions, including the Columbus Doors at the U.S. Capitol and American Civil War monuments. He died in Rome Italy on January 15 1892 at age 66.

Connecticut State Capitol
The Connecticut State Capitol is located north of Capitol Avenue and south of Bushnell Park in Hartford, the capital of Connecticut. The building houses the Connecticut General Assembly; the upper house, the State Senate, and lower house, the House of Representatives, as well as the office of the Governor of the State of Connecticut. The Connecticut Supreme Court occupies a building (built 1908–1910) across Capitol Avenue.
Blue Ridge Reservoir
Blue Ridge Reservoir is located in the Mogollon Rim area of the state of Arizona. The dam that creates the reservoir impounds East Clear Creek. Clints Well, Arizona. Blue Ridge Reservoir is one of the more scenic reservoirs in the area, with trees going down to the water line. The facilities are maintained by Coconino National Forest division of the USDA Forest Service.

East Clear Creek
East Clear Creek  is located in the Mogollon Rim area of the state of Arizona. The closest town Winslow is 45 miles (72 km) away.

Kinder Crossing on the creek derived its name from Runyon C. Kinder, who herded sheep in the area during the 1880s. The crossing lends its name to Kinder Crossing Trail, a hiking route along the creek. Other crossings with trails include Horse Crossing, Jones Crossing and Mack Crossing.
TV10 (Dutch TV channel)
TV10 would have been the first official Dutch commercial TV channel airing in the Netherlands. The launch date was set on 1 November 1989. The TV Station was a cooperation between Peter Jelgersma and Joop van den Ende. The Dutch government was, at the time, against commercial television and prohibited it from broadcasting. The channel would have been a general entertainment channel. Eventually, most programs and television celebrities from TV10 moved to competitor RTL Véronique (now known as RTL 4) which had launched under a Luxembourgian television licence.

Cooperation
Cooperation (now much less often written as co-operation in British English and, with a varied usage along time, coöperation) takes place when a group of organisms works or acts together for a collective benefit to the group as opposed to working in competition for selfish individual benefit. In biology, many animal and plant species cooperate both with other members of their own species and with members of other species with whom they have (symbiotic or mutualistic) relationships.
Mark Weprin
Mark Weprin (born June 5, 1961) represented District 23 in the New York City Council, then the most ethnically diverse district in New York City, which contains the Queens neighborhoods of Hollis Hills, Queens Village, Little Neck, Douglaston, Bayside, Bellerose, Floral Park, Glen Oaks, New Hyde Park, Hollis, Hollis Park Gardens, Holliswood, Fresh Meadows, and Oakland Gardens.

Fresh Meadows, Queens
Fresh Meadows is a neighborhood in the northeastern section of the New York City borough of Queens. Fresh Meadows used to be part of the broader town of Flushing and is bordered to the north by the Horace Harding Expressway and Auburndale; to the west by Pomonok, St. John's University, Hillcrest, and Utopia; to the east by Cunningham Park and the Clearview Expressway; and to the south by the Grand Central Parkway.

Fresh Meadows is located in Queens Community District 8 and its ZIP Codes are 11365 and 11366. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 107th Precinct. Politically, Fresh Meadows is represented by the New York City Council's 23rd and 24th Districts.
David A. Thomas (software developer)
David A. Thomas, sometimes known as "Big" Dave Thomas is a software developer, researcher and entrepreneur. He was founder and CEO of Object Technology International, which created the products that became IBM VisualAge and eventually Eclipse.

He has taught and researched at universities in Canada and Australia, and advises R&D teams in big data and fast data, agile software development,  and object technology. Thomas was the CEO and Chairman of YOW! conferences and workshops until the business was acquired by Skills Matter in 2020.

Object-oriented programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on objects – software entities that encapsulate data and function(s). An OOP computer program consists of objects that interact with one another. An OOP language is one that provides object-oriented programming features, but as the set of features that contribute to OOP is contested, classifying a language as OOP – and the degree to which it supports OOP – is debatable. As paradigms are not mutually exclusive, a language can be multi-paradigm (i.e. categorized as more than only OOP).

Notable languages with OOP support include Ada, ActionScript, C++, Common Lisp, C#, Dart, Eiffel, Fortran 2003, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Logo, MATLAB, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Raku, Ruby, Scala, SIMSCRIPT, Simula, Smalltalk, Swift, Vala and Visual Basic (.NET).
Otis Norton
Otis West Norton (February 27, 1809 – May 15, 1889) was an American businessman, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He served in the first three sessions of the Wisconsin State Senate, representing Rock County (1848, 1849, 1850).

Rock County, Wisconsin
Rock County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 163,687. Its county seat is Janesville. Rock County comprises the Janesville–Beloit metropolitan statistical area and is included in the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
WHBG
WHBG (1360 AM) is a sports formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States, serving Harrisonburg and Rockingham County, Virginia. The station is owned and operated by Saga Communications.

Rockingham County, Virginia
Rockingham County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,757. Its county seat is the independent city of Harrisonburg.

Along with Harrisonburg, Rockingham County forms the Harrisonburg, VA, Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also home of the Rockingham County Baseball League.
William Baude
William Patrick Baude (/boʊd/) is an American legal scholar who specializes in United States constitutional law.

Baude joined the faculty of the University of Chicago Law School as an assistant professor in 2014 and received tenure in 2018. He was named the Harry Kalven Jr. Professor of Law in 2023 and founded the Constitutional Law Institute in 2020 at the law school.

Baude became known for coining the term "shadow docket" in 2015 to describe a practice of the United States Supreme Court.

Constitutional law of the United States
The constitutional law of the United States is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. The subject concerns the scope of power of the United States federal government compared to the individual states and the fundamental rights of individuals. The ultimate authority upon the interpretation of the Constitution and the constitutionality of statutes, state and federal, lies with the Supreme Court of the United States.
Fort Smith Classic
The Fort Smith Classic was a golf tournament on the Nationwide Tour. It is held each year at Hardscrabble Country Club in Fort Smith, Arkansas. It was the only annual PGA Tour event in the U.S. state of Arkansas.

Korn Ferry Tour
The Korn Ferry Tour is the developmental tour for the U.S.-based PGA Tour, and features professional golfers who have either not yet reached the PGA Tour, or who have done so but then failed to win enough FedEx Cup points to stay at that level. Those who finish in the top 20 of the money list at year's end are given PGA Tour memberships for the next season. Since the 2013 season, the Korn Ferry Tour has been the primary pathway for those seeking to earn their PGA Tour card. Q-School, which had previously been the primary route for qualification to the PGA Tour, has been converted as an entryway to the Korn Ferry Tour.
Betty McDonald
Betty McDonald (born 1950) is an Australian former cricketer who played as a left-arm medium bowler. She appeared in one Test match for Australia in 1976, and six One Day Internationals for International XI at the 1973 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for Western Australia and South Australia.

International XI women's cricket team
The International XI women's cricket team was a team that took part in two Women's Cricket World Cups. They were essentially a "best of the rest" team, including players not selected by their own countries. They took part in the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup, finishing in fourth place, and returned for the 1982 tournament, finishing in last place. Their overall record in ODIs was played 18, won 3, lost 14, with one no result.
4th federal electoral district of Jalisco
The 4th federal electoral district of Jalisco (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 04 de Jalisco) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 20 such districts in the state of Jalisco.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Raúl Álvarez Villaseñor. Originally elected for the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), he switched allegiance to the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) at the start of the congressional session.

Ecologist Green Party of Mexico
The Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Spanish: Partido Verde Ecologista de México, pronounced [paɾˈtiðo ˈβeɾðe ekoloˈxista ðe ˈmexiko], PVEM or PVE) is a green political party in Mexico. Founded in 1986, the party is associated with Jorge González Torres and his son Jorge Emilio González Martínez.
It has seldom received more than 10% of the vote nationwide, but in the 21st century has joined alliances with different major parties  (PAN in the federal elections of 2000,  PRI from 2003 to 2018, and most recently Morena from 2019 on).

It is not recognized as a fellow green party by the European Green Party, and is known for its heavy use of advertising, and for (at times) taking stances on issues not usually associated with the international Green movement (such as support for capital punishment and extension of school hours).
North Aston
North Aston is a village and civil parish about 7+1⁄2 miles (12 km) south of Banbury and 10 miles (16 km) north of Oxford. The 2001 Census recorded its population as 212. The 2011 Census did not publish its population separately, but gave a combined total of 316 for the parishes of North Aston and Middle Aston.  The village is on a ridge about 460 feet (140 m) above sea level. The parish measures almost 2 miles (3 km) wide east – west and about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) north – south. It is bounded to the east by the River Cherwell, and to the north by a stream that flows east to join the Cherwell. The A4260 road linking Oxford and Banbury forms part of its western boundary. Field boundaries form the southern boundary and the remainder of the western boundary. In 1983 the parish covered an area of 1,288 acres (521 ha).

River Cherwell
The River Cherwell (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ ⓘ CHAR-wel or /ˈtʃɜːrwɛl/ CHUR-wel) is a tributary of the River Thames in central England. It rises near Hellidon, Northamptonshire and flows southwards for 40 miles (64 km) to meet the Thames at Oxford in Oxfordshire.

The river gives its name to the Cherwell local government district and Cherwell, an Oxford student newspaper.