hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arfa Karim
Arfa Abdul Karim Randhawa 
(Urdu: ارفع عبد الکریم رندھاوا‎, Punjabi: ارفع عبد الکریم رندھاوا‎; 2 February 1995 – 14 January 2012) was a Pakistani student and computer prodigy who became the youngest Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP) in 2004. She was submitted to the Guinness Book of World Records for her achievement. Arfa kept the title until 2008 and went on to represent Pakistan on various international forums, including the TechEd Developers Conference. She received Pakistan's highest literary award, the Presidential Pride of Performance from General Pervez Musharraf in 2005. A science park in Lahore, the Arfa Software Technology Park, is named in her honour. At the age of 10, Arfa was invited by Bill Gates to visit Microsoft's headquarters in the United States. She died in 2012, aged 16, from a cardiac arrest.

Science park
A science park (also called a research park, technology park, technopark, technopolis, technopole, or a science and technology park [STP]) is a property-based development that accommodates and fosters the growth of tenant firms and is affiliated with a university, government, or private research body based on proximity, ownership, and/or governance. This is so that knowledge can be shared, innovation promoted, technology transferred, and research outcomes progressed to viable commercial products. Science parks are also often perceived as contributing to national economic development, stimulating the formation of new high-technology firms, attracting foreign investment and promoting exports.
Iulie Aslaksen
Iulie Margrethe Nicolaysen Aslaksen (born 1956) is a Norwegian economist and Senior Researcher at Statistics Norway. She was a member of the Petroleum Price Board from 1990 to 2000. She is an expert on energy and environmental economics, including petroleum economics, climate policy and economics and sustainable development. She is cand.oecon. from the University of Oslo in 1981 and dr.polit. from 1990. She has been a visiting researcher and Fulbright Fellow at Harvard University and the University of California, Berkeley, and Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Oslo. She was a member of the government commissions resulting in the Norwegian Official Report 1988:21 Norsk økonomi i forandring (A Changing Norwegian Economy) and the Norwegian Official Report 1999:11 Analyse av investeringsutviklingen på kontinentalsokkelen (Analysis of Investments on the Norwegian Continental Shelf).

Norwegian Official Report
A Norwegian Official Report (Norwegian: Norges offentlige utredninger, NOU) is a report published by a panel or committee appointed by the Norwegian government. The Norwegian Parliament may request the government to establish, such a committee.

The first NOU was commissioned in 1972, and over 1600 reports have been published since.
93rd Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 93rd Brigade was an infantry formation of  the British Army during World War I. It was raised as part of  'Kitchener's Army' and was assigned to the 31st Division. After the original formation was converted into a reserve brigade, the number was transferred to a brigade of  'Pals battalions' from Northern England. The brigade was sent to  Egypt at the end of 1915 but was recalled to France shortly afterwards and then served on the Western Front for the rest of the war. The brigade was shattered on the First day on the Somme, but later saw action at Arras, in the German spring offensive of 1918, and the final Hundred Days Offensive.

Hundred Days Offensive
The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was a series of massive Allied offensives that ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed the Imperial German Army back, undoing its gains from the German spring offensive (21 March – 18 July).

The Germans retreated to the Hindenburg Line, but the Allies broke through the line with a series of victories, starting with the Battle of St Quentin Canal on 29 September. The offensive led directly to the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended the war with an Allied victory. The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a planned Allied campaign, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories.
Krohne
Krohne is a surname. People with the surname include:

Gaudentia Krohne (born 1972), Namibian politician

Johanne Krohne, birth name of Johanne Schjørring (1836–1910), Danish author

Rogier Krohne (born 1986), Dutch football player

Rudolf Krohne (1876–1953), German jurist and politician

Gaudentia Krohne
Gaudentia Kröhne (born 3 July 1972) is a Namibian politician from the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). In the Parliament of Namibia, she serves as deputy minister of Industries, Mines and Energy. She grew up in poverty in Tses. She was previously mayor of Keetmanshoop from 2015 to 2020, and again an ordinary councillor in the municipality until March 2025.
Martin Špegelj
Martin Špegelj (11 November 1927 – 11 May 2014) was a Croatian army general and politician who served as the second defense minister of Croatia and, later, the chief of staff of the newborn Croatian army and inspector-general of the army. His efforts to organize and equip the army from scratch were seen as instrumental in helping Croatia survive the first year of the Croatian War of Independence. Partly owing to disagreements with president Franjo Tuđman, he retired in 1992, after the war froze with the permanent ceasefire at the end of 1991.

Army general
Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime.

In countries that adopt the general officer four-rank system, it is the rank of a general commanding a field army. However, in some countries such as Brazil, Ecuador and Peru, which have adopted the three-rank system, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general. As such, it is the rank of commander of an army corps or larger formations. The equivalent position in the Commonwealth, U.S., and several other countries is simply general, four-star rank, or informally "full general".
Ted Curd
Ted Noah Curd (born 14 February 2006) is an English footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for National League club Boreham Wood, on loan from Premier League club Chelsea. He is an England youth international.

Boreham Wood F.C.
Boreham Wood Football Club is a professional football club based in Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, England. They are currently members of the National League, the fifth tier of English football, and play at Meadow Park. Established in 1948, they are known as "the Wood".
1856 New York state election
The 1856 New York state election was held on November 4, 1856, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, a Canal Commissioner, an Inspector of State Prisons and the Clerk of the Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly.

Erie Canal Commission
The Commission to Explore a Route for a Canal to Lake Erie and Report, known as the Erie Canal Commission, was a body created by the New York State Legislature in 1810 to plan the Erie Canal. In 1817 a Canal Fund led by Commissioners of the Canal Fund was established to oversee the funding of construction of the canal. In 1826 a Canal Board, of which both the planning commissioners and the Canal Fund commissioners were members, was created to take control of the operational canal. The term "Canal Commission" was at times applied to any of these bodies. Afterwards the canal commissioners were minor state cabinet officers responsible for the maintenance and improvements of the state's canals.

The office of Canal Commissioner was abolished in 1876, and their responsibilities were taken over by the Superintendent of Public Works in February 1878. The Canal Fund and the Canal Board were abolished in 1910.
Brandywell, Isle of Man
Brandywell, Isle of Man (Manx: Chibbyr-y-Phunch) or (Manx: Chibbyr Slieau Maggle) is an area of Mountain Lands of heath moorland  and coniferous woodland plantations situated in the Northern Upland Massif in the parish of Kirk Michael in the Isle of Man. The area was previously used by local shepherds due to a local stream and a nearby former venerated water well  which was known for its distinctive quality and "brandy" colour of the water.

Holy well
A holy well or sacred spring is a well, spring or small pool of water revered either in a Christian or pagan context, sometimes both. The water of holy wells is often thought to have healing qualities, through the numinous presence of its guardian spirit or Christian saint. They often have local legends associated with them; for example in Christian legends, the water is often said to have been made to flow by the action of a saint. Holy wells are often also places of ritual and pilgrimage, where people pray and leave votive offerings. In Celtic regions, strips of cloth are often tied to trees at holy wells, known as clootie wells.
The Crow Girl
The Crow Girl is a television series based on the Crow Girl book series by Erik Axl Sund, adapted by Milly Thomas for Paramount+. The first series was released in its entirety on 16 January 2025. A second series is currently in development. It is available on AcornTV.

Victoria Hamilton
Victoria Hamilton (born Victoria Sharp; born 5 April 1971) is an English actress known for her roles in theatre and period dramas. Training at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, Hamilton began appearing in productions with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre. She starred alongside Clive Owen, and later Eddie Izzard, in the London stage play A Day in the Death of Joe Egg  (2002), making her Broadway debut a year later, and earned a Tony Award nomination for Best Actress in a Play.

Hamilton has found success working in the costume drama genre. In the 1990s, she had supporting roles in three Jane Austen adaptations including Pride and Prejudice (1995), Persuasion (1995) and Mansfield Park (1999). She also played Queen Victoria in the miniseries Victoria & Albert (2001), and had roles in the series Lark Rise to Candleford (2008–2011), Doctor Foster (2015–2017), The Crown (2016–2017), and Cobra (2020–2023).
Spiridonov
Spiridonov (masculine) or Spiridonova (feminine) is a Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksey Spiridonov (athlete) (1951–1998), Soviet Russian hammer thrower

Aleksey Spiridonov (born 1988), Russian volleyball player

Alexander Spiridonov (born 1989), Russian politician

Andrei Spiridonov (born 1982), Kazakhstani ice hockey player

Emil Spiridonov (1925–1981), Soviet naval officer

Ilia Spiridonov (born 1998), Russian pairs figure skater

Julia Spiridonova – Yulka (born 1972), Bulgarian novelist and screenwriter

Leonid Spiridonov (born 1980), Kazakhstani sport wrestler

Maria Spiridonova (1884–1941), Russian revolutionary and assassin

Maxim Spiridonov (born 1978), Russian ice hockey player

Nikola Spiridonov (1938–2021), Bulgarian chess master

Vadim Spiridonov (1944–1989), Russian film actor

Leonid Spiridonov
Leonid Spiridonov (born December 16, 1980, in Kerdyom) is a freestyle wrestler from Kazakhstan. He participated in Men's freestyle 66 kg at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He lost the bronze medal fight against Sushil Kumar from India and was ranked on 4-5th place.

At Men's freestyle 66 kg at 2004 Summer Olympics he was ranked on 4th place as well.

He also participated in the 2006 Asian Games.
HMS Romney
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Romney. The origins of the name are from the town of New Romney, although it may be that the name entered the Royal Navy in honour of Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney.

HMS Romney (1694) was a 48-gun fourth rate launched in 1694 and wrecked in 1707.

HMS Romney (1708) was a 54-gun fourth rate launched in 1708, sunk in 1721, refloated in the same year and sold in 1757.

HMS Romney (1762) was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1762 and wrecked in 1804.

HMS Romney (1815) was a 58-gun fourth rate launched in 1815. She became a troopship in 1820, a depot ship at Havana for freed slaves in 1837, and was sold in 1845.

HMS Romney (J77) was a Bangor-class minesweeper launched in 1940 and sold in 1950.

HMS Romney (1708)
HMS Romney was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Sir Joseph Allin to the 1706 Establishment at Deptford Dockyard, and launched on 2 December 1708.

On 11 June 1723 orders were issued for Romney to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Deptford according to the 1719 Establishment, and she was relaunched on 17 October 1726.

Romney was sold out of the navy in 1757.
Interlex
Interlex Communications, known as simply Interlex, is an American social marketing and advertising company. The company has offices in Texas, New York, and California.

Founded in 1995 by Heather Ruiz and Rudy Ruiz, Interlex initially focused on developing communications strategies related to public policy. In 2012, Interlex acquired advertising agency SenaReider based in Monterey, California.

Interlex has worked on social awareness campaigns for TracFone Wireless, AARP, American Express, Del Monte, and public health campaigns for government entities, the American Heart Association, American Cancer Society, and United Healthcare. Internationally, Interlex has worked on human rights and disaster relief campaigns for the Organization of American States and Pan American Development Foundation.

AARP
AARP, formerly the American Association of Retired Persons, is an interest group in the United States focusing on issues affecting those 50 and older. The organization, which is headquartered in Washington, D.C., said it had more than 38 million members as of 2018. The magazine and bulletin it sends to its members are the two largest-circulation publications in the United States.

AARP was formed in 1958 by Ethel Percy Andrus, a retired educator from California, and Leonard Davis, who later founded Colonial Penn's insurance companies. It is an influential lobbying group in the United States. AARP sells paid memberships, and markets insurance and other services to its members.
Yonggang-dong, Gyeongju
Yonggang-dong is both an administrative and legal dong or a neighbourhood in the administrative subdivisions of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It is bordered by Bukgun-dong on the east, Deoksan-ri of Cheonbuk-myeon on the northeast, Hwangseong-dong and Dongcheon-dong on the south and Geumjang-ri of Hyeongok-myeon on the south. Its 5.06 square kilometers are home to about 15,817 people. It has two elementary schools, a middle school and a high school

North Gyeongsang Province
North Gyeongsang Province (Korean: 경상북도; RR: Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌŋ.saŋ.buk̚.t͈o]) is a province in eastern South Korea, and with an area of 18,420 km2 (7,110 sq mi), it is the largest province in the Korean peninsula. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Gyeongsang province, and remained a province of Korea (as Keishōhoku-dō during Japanese rule) until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea.

Daegu was the capital of North Gyeongsang Province between 1896 and 1981, but has not been a part of the province since 1981. In 2016, the provincial capital moved from Daegu to Andong.
Yoshida, Kagoshima
Yoshida (吉田町, Yoshida-chō) was a town located in Kagoshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,729 and the density of 214.07 persons per km². The total area was 54.79 km².

On November 1, 2004 Yoshida, along with the towns of Kōriyama and Matsumoto (both from Hioki District), the town of Kiire (from Ibusuki District), and the town of Sakurajima (also from Kagoshima District), was merged into the expanded city of Kagoshima and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
Public Mobile
Public Mobile  is a Canadian self-serve mobile brand which is owned by Telus. Launched on March 18, 2010, Public Mobile was one of several new Canadian cellphone providers that started in 2009–10 after a federal government initiative to encourage competition in the wireless sector.

Public Mobile was acquired by Telus in October 2013. As of August 8, 2014, Public Mobile operates as a mobile virtual network operator on the Telus Mobility network. On August 31, 2015, Public Mobile "relaunched" to the public under a beta program providing free SIM cards and three tiers of BYOD plans starting with a 10-day, 30-day or a 90-day period, all of which have respective options of Talk, Text and Data. The service is not charged by minute, as with other prepaid providers. Instead, customers select which types of unlimited talk and text service and which data caps they would like for a 10-, 30-, or 90-day period.

Mobile virtual network operator
A mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) is a wireless communications services provider that does not own the wireless network infrastructure over which it provides services to its customers. An MVNO enters into a business agreement with a mobile network operator (MNO) to obtain bulk access to network services at wholesale rates, then sets retail prices independently. An MVNO may use its own customer service, billing support systems, marketing, and sales personnel, or it could employ the services of a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE).
2001 Ericsson Open – Women's doubles
Julie Halard-Decugis and Ai Sugiyama were the defending champions but only Sugiyama competed that year with Nicole Arendt.

Arendt and Sugiyama lost in the first round to Kristie Boogert and Miriam Oremans.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Nathalie Tauziat won in the final 6–0, 6–4 against Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs.

Kristie Boogert
Kristie Boogert (born 16 December 1973) is a Dutch former professional female tennis player. She retired in 2003 due to chronic elbow pain. On 5 February 1996, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 29.

She has not won any singles titles, but did win three titles in doubles. At the 1994 French Open championships, she won the mixed doubles title with countryman Menno Oosting.

Her biggest achievement came during the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney where she won the silver medal in doubles, partnering Miriam Oremans. They were beaten by Venus and Serena Williams in the final.
Kohsan District
Kohsan (Pashto: کوهسان ولسوالۍ) is a district of Herat province in northwestern Afghanistan. It borders the nation of Iran to the west, Gulran District to the north, and Ghurian District to the south and east. The population of Kosan District is 52,900 (as of 2012), which includes the following ethnic groups: 59.4% Pashtun, 35.3% Tajik, 5.1% Balouch, and 0.2% Turkmen.

The administrative center of Kohsan District is the small town of Kohsan. The district is located about 116 kilometres (3 hours drive) west of Herat city and is mainly a desert, with patches of irrigated lands. Islam Qala, one of the official border crossings between Afghanistan and Iran, is located in this district. The Hari River flows through Kohsan District and is also not far from the district center. The drought is a serious problem for the agriculture, which is the main source of income. Almost 60% of the formerly arable land is not in use. The health services and the education have improved since 2002.

Hari (Afghanistan)
The Hari River (Persian: هریرود or Dari: هری رود, romanized: Harī Rōd; Pashto: د هري سیند) or Herat River or Tejen River or Harirud is a river flowing 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) from the mountains of central Afghanistan to Turkmenistan, where it forms the Tejen oasis and disappears in the Karakum Desert. In its lower course, the river forms a northern part of the border between Afghanistan and Iran, and a southeastern part of the border between Turkmenistan and Iran.

The name of the river derives from the Old Persian word Harawaiah 'river rich in water'.

In Turkmenistan, the Hari is known as the Tejen or Tedzhen river and passes close to the city of Tejen. To the ancient Greeks, it was known as the Arius. In Latin, it was known as the Tarius.
John Cadbury
John Cadbury (12 August 1801 – 11 May 1889) was an English Quaker and businessman, who founded the Cadbury chocolate company in Birmingham, England. He was also involved in activism and philanthropy, championing workers' rights, environmental and industrial reform, temperance, animal welfare, education, and healthcare, while actively opposing cruelty, exploitation, and indulgent practices.

Labor rights
Labor rights or workers' rights are both legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers. These rights are codified in national and international labor and employment law. In general, these rights influence working conditions in the relations of employment. One of the most prominent is the right to freedom of association, otherwise known as the right to organize. Workers organized in trade unions exercise the right to collective bargaining to improve working conditions.
Jakub Jaworski
Jakub Jaworski (born 29 July 1986) is a Polish short-track speed-skater.

Jaworski competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Poland. In the 1500 metres, he finished fourth in his first round heat, failing to advance. placing 27th overall.

As of 2013, Jaworski's best performance at the World Championships came in 2012, when he placed 19th in the 1500 metres.

As of 2013, Jaworski has not finished on the podium on the ISU Short Track Speed Skating World Cup. His top World Cup ranking is 43rd, in the 1000 metres in 2007-08.

2012 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships
The 2012 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships took place between March 9 and 11, 2012 at the Shanghai Oriental Sports Center in Shanghai, China. The World Championships are organised by the ISU which also runs world cups and championships in speed skating and figure skating.
Oldsmobile Achieva
The Oldsmobile Achieva is a front-wheel drive compact sedan and coupe that was introduced by Oldsmobile for the 1992 model year. The Achieva was based on the GM N-body platform, which it also shared with its siblings the Pontiac Grand Am and Buick Skylark. The Achieva replaced the GM N-body Cutlass Calais after its final 1991 model year, and ended production after the 1998 model year.

Model year
The model year (sometimes abbreviated as MY) is a method of describing the version of a product which has been produced over multiple years. The model year may or may not be the same as the calendar year in which the product was manufactured.