hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
State University of Southwestern Bahia
State University of Southwestern Bahia (Portuguese: Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB) was founded in 1980 in the city of Vitória da Conquista, in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Today it has three campuses, located in the cities of Vitória da Conquista, Jequié and Itapetinga. It currently offers 43 undergraduate and postgraduate degree programs.

Itapetinga
Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil. Its population in 2020, according to estimates by the IBGE, was 76,795, so it is the 24th most populous municipality of Bahia.
Yards Creek
Yards Creek is a tributary of the Paulins Kill located along the eastern face of Kittatinny Mountain in Warren County in northwestern New Jersey in the United States. It rises along Kittatinny Mountain near Catfish Pond in Hardwick Township, flowing into the Yards Creek Reservoir and Lower Yards Creek Reservoir at Yards Creek Generating Station near Blairstown. The creek flows into the Paulins Kill near the hamlet of Hainesburg in Knowlton Township.  The Appalachian Trail passes within its watershed and crosses the creek as it traverses the ridgeline of Kittatinny Mountain.

40°59′57″N 75°01′50″W﻿ / ﻿40.99926°N 75.03063°W﻿ / 40.99926; -75.03063

Knowlton Township, New Jersey
Knowlton Township is a township in Warren County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 2,894, a decrease of 161 (−5.3%) from the 2010 census count of 3,055, which in turn reflected an increase of 78 (+2.6%) from the 2,977 counted in the 2000 census.
Philodromus cespitum
Philodromus cespitum is a species of running crab spider in the family Philodromidae. It is found in North America, Europe, North Africa, and parts of the Middle East and Asia. Philodromus cespitum is a foliage-dweller, and is the most abundant species found in European fruit orchards. It acts as a biological control by preying on orchard pests. A diurnal ambush hunter, it preys on aphids, insects, and occasionally competitor spider species. Males court females by tapping on the females’ bodies with their forelegs. They then insert a genital plug into the female during copulation. Unlike in many other spider species, subsequent males can mate with plugged females by removing part of the plug prior to copulation. Males discriminate among females based on virginity and plug size, and can determine these factors using the females’ draglines and plug samples.

Copulation (zoology)
In zoology, copulation is animal sexual behavior in which a male introduces sperm into the female's body, especially directly into the female's reproductive tract. This is an aspect of mating. Many aquatic animals use external fertilization, whereas internal fertilization may have developed from a need to maintain gametes in a liquid medium in the Late Ordovician epoch. Internal fertilization with many vertebrates (such as all reptiles, some fish, and most birds) occurs via cloacal copulation, known as cloacal kiss (see also hemipenis), while most mammals copulate vaginally, and many basal vertebrates reproduce sexually with external fertilization.
How Is It That I Should Look at the Stars
How Is It That I Should Look at the Stars is the sixth studio album by the Canadian folk band the Weather Station, released March 4, 2022, by Fat Possum Records. The album was recorded over three days in March 2020 in Toronto, with frontwoman Tamara Lindeman singing, producing, playing piano, and leading a lineup consisting of guitarist Christine Bougie, saxophonist and clarinetist Karen Ng, upright bassist Ben Whiteley, pianist and flautist Ryan Driver, and keyboardist Tania Gill.

The folk and folk jazz album was preceded by two singles, "Endless Time" and "To Talk About", both with music videos directed by Lindeman. It has received mostly positive reviews from critics who also frequently compared the album to the band's previous release Ignorance, mainly noting the stark differences between the two despite the songs from both all coming from the same writing sessions in 2018. The album was nominated for Adult Alternative Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2023.

Fat Possum Records
Fat Possum Records is an American independent record label based in Water Valley and Oxford, Mississippi. At first Fat Possum focused almost entirely on recording previously unknown Mississippi blues artists (typically from Oxford or Holly Springs, Mississippi). Fat Possum has signed younger rock acts to its roster. The label has been featured in The New York Times, New Yorker, The Observer, a Sundance Channel production, features on NPR, and a 2004 documentary, You See Me Laughin. Fat Possum also distributes the Hi Records catalog.
History of the Republic of Korea Navy
The Republic of Korea Navy was founded on November 11, 1945 as Marine Defense Group after Korea was liberated from the Empire of Japan. The ROK Navy is the oldest service within the ROK Armed Forces. In 2015, the South Korean navy celebrated its 70th anniversary.

Since the Korean War, the ROK Navy had concentrated its efforts on building naval forces against the North Korean navy, which has littoral naval capabilities. As South Korea's economy grew, the ROK Navy was able to locally build larger and better equipped fleets to deter aggression, to protect the sea lines of communication, and to support the nation's foreign policy. As part of its mission, the ROK Navy has engaged in several peacekeeping operations since the turn of the 21st century.

The ROK Navy aims to become a blue-water navy in the 2020s.

Jinhae District
Jinhae District (Korean: 진해구; RR: Jinhae-gu) is a district of Changwon, South Korea.  This region is served by the Korean National Railroad, and is famous for its annual cherry blossom festival every spring.

The city front is on a sheltered, island-studded bay, and is almost completely surrounded by mountains covered with pine trees.

The emblem of Jinhae contains a cherry blossom.
Doebner–Miller reaction
The Doebner–Miller reaction is the organic reaction of an aniline with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to form quinolines.

This reaction is also known as the Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller quinoline synthesis, and is named after the Czech chemist Zdenko Hans Skraup (1850–1910), and the Germans Oscar Döbner (Doebner) (1850–1907) and Wilhelm von Miller (1848–1899). When the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound is prepared in situ from two carbonyl compounds (via an Aldol condensation), the reaction is known as the Beyer method for quinolines.

The reaction is catalyzed by Lewis acids such as tin tetrachloride and scandium(III) triflate and Brønsted acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, perchloric acid, amberlite and iodine.

P-Toluenesulfonic acid
para-Toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA, pTSA, or pTsOH) or tosylic acid (TsOH) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4SO3H. It is a white extremely hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water, alcohols, and other polar organic solvents. The CH3C6H4SO2 group is known as the tosyl group and is often abbreviated as Ts or Tos. Most often, TsOH refers to the monohydrate, TsOH.H2O.

As with other aryl sulfonic acids, TsOH is a strong organic acid.  It is about one million times stronger than benzoic acid.  It is one of the few strong acids that is solid and therefore is conveniently weighed and stored.
Chess in Africa
The game of chess has a history of being played in the continent of Africa. Its play in South Africa is of particular interest to chess writers and historians.

The board game senet preceded chess and was favored by Ancient Egyptian royalty. Chess is thought to have first made its way to Africa through shatranj. As the Muslim conquest of Persia occurred, the Muslims took and modified chatrang, adopting it as shatranj. Shatranj is recognized as the immediate predecessor to chess. While chess in Europe has received considerable more attention by chess historians, it is thought that the game made its way to Europe from the Moors of North Africa.

In 1998, the African Chess Championship began being held. The most recent edition held in 2022 saw Egyptian players dominate. Since 2003, chess has also been played at the African Games. To date, Africa has 15 grandmasters.

African Chess Championship
The first African Chess Championship was played in 1998. Ibrahim Hasan Labib and Mohamed Tissir both shared first place with 7/10, but the former took the title.

The 2007 championship was the FIDE Zone 4 qualifier for the Chess World Cup 2007, the next stage in the 2010 World Championship.  Six players qualified for the 2007 World Cup: IM Robert Gwaze (Zimbabwe), IM Pedro Aderito (Angola), IM Essam El Gindy (Egypt), GM Bassem Amin (Egypt), GM Ahmed Adly (Egypt), and FM Khaled Abdel Razik (Egypt).
Edward Castro
Edward Castro (January 26, 1950 – December 7, 2000) was an American serial killer. An unemployed drifter from California, Castro fatally stabbed three men in central Florida between 1986 and 1987. Tried for two of the murders, he was given a life sentence for one of them and sentenced to death for the other. He waived all of his appeals and dropped his defense team to advocate for his own execution, which was carried out by lethal injection in 2000 at Florida State Prison.

Lake City, Florida
Lake City is a city in and the county seat of Columbia County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 12,329, up from 12,046 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Lake City Micropolitan Statistical Area, composed of Columbia County, as well as a principal city of the Gainesville metropolitan area, Florida. Lake City is 60 miles west of Jacksonville. Lake City has the moniker The Gateway to Florida because it is adjacent to the intersection of Interstate 75 and Interstate 10.
Chagrin Valley Conference
The Chagrin Valley Conference is an Ohio High School Athletic Conference athletic league that began competition in 1964. It is made up of member school from Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake and Portage counties in Ohio.

Cuyahoga County, Ohio
Cuyahoga County (/ˌkaɪ.əˈhɒɡə/ KY-ə-HOG-ə or /ˌkaɪ.əˈhoʊɡə/ KY-ə-HOH-gə, see Cuyahoga River § Pronunciation) is a large urban county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The county seat and most populous city is Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,264,817, making it the second-most populous county in the state.

Cuyahoga County is situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S.–Canada maritime border. The county is bisected by the Cuyahoga River, after which it was named. "Cuyahoga" is an Iroquoian word meaning "crooked river". It is the core county of the Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area and Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area.
Gujrat Colony
Gujrat Colony is a neighbourhood in the Baldia Town municipality of Karachi Pakistan.

There are several ethnic groups in the neighbourhood including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Brahuis,
Memons, Bohras,  Ismailis, etc. Over 99% of the population is Muslim. The population of Baldia Town is estimated to be nearly one million.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
Qi Lili
Qi Lili (born 19 April 1971) is a Chinese former volleyball player and coach. She was part of the China women's national volleyball team.

Qi won a silver medal at the 1990 FIVB World Championship in China and participated at the 1994 FIVB World Championship in Brazil. On club level she played with Zhejiang.

1990 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1990 FIVB Women's World Championship was the eleventh edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 22 August to 1 September 1990, in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenyang, PR China.
Kanglang fish
The Kanglang fish (Anabarilius grahami) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. It is a pelagic species endemic to Fuxian Lake in Yunnan, southern China. However, the species may now be in the process of extinction because of the introduced noodlefish Neosalanx taihuensis, with which it is competing for food.

Fuxian Lake
Fuxian Lake (Chinese: 抚仙湖; pinyin: Fǔxiān Hú) is a body of water in Yunnan Province, China. It stretches through Chengjiang, Jiangchuan and Huaning Counties, spanning an area of 212 square kilometers. It is the third-largest lake in Yunnan, after Dian Lake and Erhai Lake, and the deepest, at 155 meters. It is the third-deepest fresh water lake in China, after Tianchi and Kanas Lake. The 1m vacuum solar telescope of the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory is located on a shore of the lake.
Kambalda Nickel Operations
Kambalda Nickel Operations or Kambalda Nickel Mine is a surface and underground nickel mine as well as a nickel concentrator, near Kambalda East, Western Australia. The deposit was discovered in 1954 and the mine opened in 1967, operated by WMC Resources which was taken over by BHP in 2005. Prior to this, between 2001 and 2003, WMC ceased mining operations at Kambalda and divested itself of the mining assets.

BHP, through its Nickel West operations, continues to operate the Kambalda Nickel Concentrator, with the facility having been shut down from 2018 to 2022. The mining leases were predominantly with Mincor Resources which had intermittently mined the former WMC workings. In 2023, Wyloo Metals acquired Mincor Resources.

Kambalda was the first nickel mine in Western Australia. The mine also caused an international dispute between Singapore and Australia over nuclear waste disposal when a caesium-137 density gauge lost at Kambalda contaminated a furnace in Singapore in 1978.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
Vincent Neil Emerson
Vincent Neil Emerson is an American country singer-songwriter and guitar player from Texas. He has released three albums: 2019's Fried Chicken and Evil Women, 2021's Vincent Neil Emerson, and 2023's The Golden Crystal Kingdom. The Golden Crystal Kingdom was produced by Shooter Jennings and released on La Honda Records/RCA Records, while Vincent Neil Emerson was produced by Rodney Crowell.

Shooter Jennings
Waylon Albright "Shooter" Jennings (born May 19, 1979) is an American musician and record producer. He is the son of country singers Waylon Jennings and Jessi Colter. In a career spanning three decades, Jennings has explored a variety of musical genres.

Jennings made his debut with the single "4th of July" of his 2005 album Put the "O" Back in Country on Universal South, which peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard country charts. Jennings has since followed with seven full-length studio albums: Electric Rodeo (2006), The Wolf (2007), Black Ribbons (2009), Family Man (2012), The Other Life (2013) Countach (For Giorgio) (2016), and Shooter (2018), in addition to a live album, a compilation, and numerous EPs.
Colledge
Colledge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brant Colledge (born 1994), Australian footballer

Cecilia Colledge (1920–2008), British figure skater

Daryn Colledge (born 1982), American football player

J. J. Colledge (1908–1997), British naval historian

Malcolm Colledge (1939–2015), British archaeologist, expert in the art of Palmyra

Richard Colledge, Australian philosopher

George Welstead Colledge (1834–1863), British district collector, India

Thomas Richardson Colledge (1796–1879), Scottish surgeon and missionary

George Welstead Colledge
George Welstead Colledge (1 February 1834 - 7 October 1863) was a British joint magistrate and deputy collector at Bulandshahr, North-Western Provinces, India. He was born in Macau, China, the eldest son of Thomas Richardson Colledge, gained admission to Haileybury (1851–1853), and passed the examination of the Indian Civil Service at a young age. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he served at Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He died in 1863, the third district collector of Bulandshahr to have died within the previous three years.
Cantons of the Guyane department
The following is a list of the 19 former cantons of the French Guiana department, an overseas department of France, sorted by arrondissement. The cantons were abolished in 2015, when the Assembly of French Guiana replaced the General Council of French Guiana and the Regional Council of French Guiana.

Departmental Council of French Guiana
The General Council of French Guiana (French: Conseil général de la Guyane) was the deliberative executive assembly of the French Department of French Guiana. (French Guiana was also a French region, with a Regional Council, the Regional Council of French Guiana, as well).

The General Council was chaired by the President of the General Council of French Guiana. Alain Tien-Liong, of the DVG, held the presidency of the General Council from 2008 to the abolition of the department in 2015.
Ironman Sweden
Ironman Sweden, also known as Ironman Kalmar or the Kalmar Triathlon, is an Ironman triathlon held in Kalmar, Sweden. It is the only Ironman-branded iron distance event in Sweden and also serves as the Swedish national championship.

The distance is the same as other Ironman triathlons races: 3.86 kilometres (2.40 mi) open water swimming, 180 kilometres (110 mi) cycling and a 42.2-kilometre (26.2 mi) marathon. The start, transition and finish is located in the city of Kalmar.

The swim takes place in the Kalmar Strait, Baltic Sea. The bike course consists of two loops; the first loop goes on Öland and is 122 kilometres (76 mi) and the second loop is 58 kilometres (36 mi) and travels north through to Rockneby. The running segment is a three-loop course that travels northwards partly along the shore.

In December 2011, World Triathlon Corporation purchased the Kalmar Triathlon and rebranded the event as an Ironman triathlon.

Kalmar Strait
The Kalmar Strait (Swedish: Kalmarsund) is a strait in the Baltic Sea, located between the Swedish island of Öland and the province of Småland of the Swedish mainland.  The strait is about 130 kilometres (81 mi) long and between 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) and 25 kilometres (16 mi) in width.

There is a road bridge across the strait, the Öland Bridge, opened in September 1972.
Marina DeBris
Marina DeBris is the name used by an Australian-based artist whose work focuses on reusing trash to raise awareness of ocean and beach pollution. DeBris, who is one of the longest standing practitioners of trashion, uses trash washed up from the beach to create trashion. As well as creating art from debris, DeBris also is a fund raiser for environmental organizations,  and collaborates with non-profit organizations and schools to educate children about ocean pollution. In 2021, DeBris found almost 300 face masks on beaches, and used them in her trashion and other displays.

DeBris is also a social activist. In 2011 she participated in a panel on how artists can contribute to environmental public policy, promote clean energy and curate Ecological art exhibitions.  DeBris has worked with non profits to raise funds for art education. DeBris is listed with the Women Environmental Artists Directory.

DeBris is recognized as a spokesperson on the negative effects of plastics in fashion.

Waverley Council
Waverley Council is a local government area (LGA) in the eastern suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. First incorporated on 16 June 1859 as the Municipality of Waverley, it is one of the oldest-surviving local government areas in New South Wales. Waverley is bounded by the Tasman Sea to the east, the Municipality of Woollahra to the north, and the City of Randwick in the south and west. The administrative centre of Waverley Council is located on Bondi Road in Bondi Junction in the Council Chambers on the corner of Waverley Park.

The elected Waverley Council is composed of twelve councillors elected proportionally across four wards, each electing three Councillors, and the most recent election was held on 14 September 2024. The current mayor of Waverley Council since October 2024 is Councillor William Nemesh of Hunter ward, a member of the NSW Liberal Party.
2014 Baia Mare Champions Trophy
The 2014 Baia Mare Champions Trophy was the first Baia Mare Champions Trophy. It was held in Baia Mare, Romania from 15 to 17 August as a pre-season international women's team handball tournament for clubs. Two-time EHF Champions League winner Krim and FTC-Rail Cargo Hungaria appeared in the tournament, along with the hosts HCM Baia Mare and others.

The tournament was aired on Digi Sport 2 and Digi Sport 3.

HCM Baia Mare won the title by defeating FTC-Rail Cargo Hungaria in the final.

EHF Women's Champions League
The EHF Women's Champions League is the competition for the top women's handball clubs in Europe, organised annually by the European Handball Federation (EHF). It is the most prestigious tournament for clubs, with the champions of Europe's top national leagues participating.
Ukikunden
Ukikunden is an archaeological site located near Karatsu in Kyūshū, Japan. It is a transitional Jōmon-Yayoi site and one of the few Jōmon sites where grains of rice have been uncovered. As a result, some archaeologists speculate it may have been inhabited by Jōmon people rather than Yayoi people. It contains a noble burial site at which bodies were interred with bronzes in large urns, as is typical for Yayoi burials. 63 bronze objects have been found there from the middle Yayoi period, alongside jadeite magatama.

The site features notable evidence of the history of agriculture in Japan, and some models use the area as the origin point of Japanese agriculture.

Jadeite
Jadeite is a pyroxene mineral with composition NaAlSi2O6. It is hard (Mohs hardness of about 6.5 to 7.0), very tough, and dense, with a specific gravity of about 3.4. It is found in a wide range of colors, but is most often found in shades of green or white. Jadeite is formed only in the subduction zones of continental margins, where rock undergoes metamorphism at high pressure but relatively low temperature.

Jadeite is the principal mineral making up the most valuable form of jade, a precious stone particularly prized in China. Most gem-quality jadeite jade comes from northern Myanmar. Jade tools and implements have been found at Stone Age sites, showing that the mineral has been prized by humans since before the beginning of written history.