hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip Myers (police officer)
Sir Philip Myers (7 February 1931 – 21 June 2014) was a senior British police officer. He was the first Chief Constable of North Wales Police, serving from 1974 to 1982. He then served as an Inspector of Constabulary from 1982 to 1993.

His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services
His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS), formerly Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), has statutory responsibility for the inspection of the police forces of England and Wales, and since July 2017 the fire and rescue services of England. HMICFRS is headed by the Chief Inspector of Constabulary and Chief Inspector of Fire & Rescue Services. It has taken over the responsibilities of His Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate.

Inspections may also be made, by invitation only, and on a non-statutory basis, of the Police Service of Northern Ireland and other organisations with policing responsibility.
Elections in Eritrea
There have not been national elections in Eritrea since independence in 1993. In theory, elections choose representatives from the country's six regions for the National Assembly. Elections would also occur to elect representatives for the country's regional assemblies and other posts within the country's districts. However, local elections have been regularly held in the past. Eritrea was the least electoral democracy in Africa in 2023 according to V-Dem Democracy indices with a score of 0.073 out of 1.

V-Dem Democracy Indices
The Democracy Indices by V-Dem are democracy indices published by the V-Dem Institute that describe qualities of different democracies. It is published annually. Datasets released by the V-Dem Institute include information on hundreds of indicator variables describing various aspects of government, especially on the quality of democracy, inclusivity, and other economic indicators.

In 2020, the V-Dem index had "more than 470 indicators, 82 mid-level indices, and 5 high-level indices covering 202 polities from the period of 1789–2019".
Orange Free State–United States relations
The Orange Free State and the United States began relations in 1871 with the U.S. recognizing the former, but formal relations were never established and ended in 1902 after the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging concluding the Second Boer War.

Treaty of Vereeniging
The Treaty of Vereeniging was a peace treaty, signed on 31 May 1902, that ended the Second Boer War between the South African Republic and the Orange Free State on the one side, and the United Kingdom on the other.

This settlement provided for the end of hostilities and eventual self-government to the Transvaal (South African Republic) and the Orange Free State as British colonies. The Boer republics agreed to come under the sovereignty of the British Crown and the British government agreed on various details.
Roger Manners (died 1607)
Roger Manners (c. 1536 – 11 December 1607) was an English courtier and politician.

He was a son of Eleanor Manners, Countess of Rutland, and Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland.

As a child, Roger Manners received a legacy from a "Roger Ratlyf". He may have been named after this Roger Radcliffe. In a later letter Roger Manners mentioned Mary Radcliffe, a gentlewoman at Elizabeth's court, as a relation.

After St John's College and Corpus Christi Cambridge, Manners served in the navy and was aboard the New Bark at Portsmouth in May 1554. He took part in the burning of Le Conquet in 1558.

His home was Uffington, Lincolnshire. Manners was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Grantham in 1563.

Manners was a "squire of the body" at the court of Mary I of England and Elizabeth I. He helped place his great-niece Lady Bridget Manners at court, and smooth things over when her marriage to Robert Tyrwhitt angered the queen.

Le Conquet
Le Conquet (French pronunciation: [lə kɔ̃kɛ]; Breton: Konk-Leon) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France. This is the westernmost town of mainland France. Only three island towns—Ouessant, Île-Molène and Ile de Sein—are farther west.
Hollywood Athletic Club
The Hollywood Athletic Club is an office building and event space in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles.

Since it was built in 1924, it has had a varied history as a health club, bar, music venue, and billiard room.

It is located on Sunset Boulevard.

Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California, United States, that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles. It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles.
Lists of office-holders
These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.

A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.

Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in 2024 in politics and government, and past leaders on state leaders by year and colonial governors by century.

Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet (government), chancellor, ex-monarchs (20th century), head of government, head of state, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below), order of precedence, peerage, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.

Outline of political science
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics and political science:

Politics – the exercise of power; process by which groups of people make collective decisions. Politics is the art or science of running governmental or state affairs (including behavior within civil governments), institutions, fields, and special interest groups such as the corporate, academic, and religious segments of society.

Political science – the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior.
2023 Faroe Islands Premier League
The 2023 Faroe Islands Premier League was the 81st edition of top-tier football in the Faroe Islands, and the 18th under the current format.

The winners (KÍ) qualified for the Champions League first qualifying round. The 2023 Faroe Islands Cup winners (Havnar Bóltfelag) qualified for the Conference League second qualifying round. The runners-up and fourth-placed team (Víkingur and B36 Tórshavn) qualified for the Conference League first qualifying round. The bottom two teams (AB Argir and TB Tvøroyri) were relegated to the 2024 1. deild.

KÍ started the league season with 16 straight wins, one of the best known season starts in European top division football, before losing 1-2 to Víkingur on 13 August.

Argja Bóltfelag
Argja Bóltfelag (AB) is a Faroese professional football club based in Argir. In 2020, they were playing their third season in the Faroe Islands Premier League, after being promoted from 1. deild after playing there for 1 season in 2017. After the 2020 season they ended as 9th and played a match against B68 Toftir from 1. deild, the winner would play in the  Faroe Islands Premier League for the 2021 season. AB Argir lost the match 2–3 and were relegated to 1. deild. They play their home games at the Inni í Vika Stadium in Argir. In January 2024, AB Argir became a feeder club for F.C. Copenhagen.
Grójec Mały, Łódź Voivodeship
Grójec Mały [ˈɡrujɛt͡s ˈmawɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-west of Złoczew, 21 km (13 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Edinburgh International Exhibition Tournament
The Edinburgh International Exhibition Tournament was an open men's and women's tennis staged only one time in 1886. The tournament was part of the sports event programmes played at the International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art, in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.

Midlothian
Midlothian (/mɪdˈloʊðiən/; Scottish Gaelic: Meadhan Lodainn) is registration county, lieutenancy area and one of 32 council areas of Scotland used for local government. Midlothian lies in the east-central Lowlands, bordering the City of Edinburgh council area, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders. The modern council area was formed in 1975 when the historic county of Midlothian, also known as Edinburghshire, was altered substantially as part of local government reforms; its southern part formed a new Midlothian District within the Region of Lothian, whilst areas on the peripheries were assigned to other districts and the city of Edinburgh, which had always been autonomous to an extent, was formally separated as the City of Edinburgh District. In 1996 Midlothian became a unitary authority area, using the same name and territory as in 1975.
Trispot darter
The trispot darter (Etheostoma trisella) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to northern Georgia and southern Tennessee in the United States, where it occurs in the Conasauga River and its tributaries and historically in the Alabama River system. It requires two interconnecting habitats; outside the breeding season it occupies the peripheral zones of the main river, with slow-moving water and silt gravel substrates with vegetation cover; during the breeding season it moves to warmer water with a clay-bottomed substrate with much vegetation. The population of this fish is declining due to loss of suitable habitat because of stream impoundment and land development. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being "vulnerable".

Gymnocephalus
Gymnocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the family Percidae, which includes the perches, pike-perches and darters. They are from the Western Palearctic area, although one species, Gymnocephalus cernua has been accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes region where it is regarded as an invasive species. They have the common name "ruffe" and resemble the true perches in the genus Perca, but are usually smaller and have a different pattern.
Gomila, Destrnik
Gomila (pronounced [ɡɔˈmiːla]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Destrnik in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

A Roman period burial ground with twelve burial mounds has been identified near the settlement.

Municipality of Destrnik
The Municipality of Destrnik (pronounced [ˈdeːstəɾnik]; Slovene: Občina Destrnik) is a municipality in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the settlement of Destrnik. It lies in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) north of Ptuj. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
Legacy of Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman (1822–1913) was an American abolitionist and social activist. After escaping slavery, Tubman made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. During the American Civil War, she served as an armed scout and spy for the Union Army. In her later years, Tubman was an activist in the movement for women's suffrage.

Widely known and well-respected while she was alive, Tubman became an American icon in the years after she died. A survey at the end of the 20th century named her as one of the most famous civilians in American history before the Civil War, third only to Betsy Ross and Paul Revere. She inspired generations of African Americans struggling for equality and civil rights; she was praised by leaders across the political spectrum.

Beaufort, South Carolina
Beaufort (/ˈbjuːfərt/ BEW-fərt) is a city in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States, and its county seat. Chartered in 1711, it is the second-oldest city in South Carolina, behind Charleston. The city's population was 13,607 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Hilton Head Island metropolitan area.

Beaufort is located on Port Royal Island, in the heart of the Sea Islands and South Carolina Lowcountry. The city is renowned for its scenic location and for maintaining a historic character by preservation of its antebellum architecture. The prominent role of Beaufort and the surrounding Sea Islands during the Reconstruction era after the U.S. Civil War is memorialized by the Reconstruction Era National Monument, established in 2017. The city is also known for its military establishments, being located in close proximity to Parris Island, a U.S. naval hospital, and the Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort.
Annan Thangachi
Annan Thangachi (transl. Elder brother, younger sister) is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Charan Raj. The film stars himself and Shruthi, while Ajay, Janagaraj, Pandu, Thalaivasal Vijay, Indhu, Vadivukkarasi, Ajay Rathnam, and K. R. Vatsala play supporting roles. It was released  on 7 May 1999. The film was a remake of the Kannada film Thavarina Thottilu, also starring Charan Raj and Shruthi.

Ajay Rathnam
Ajay Rathnam is an Indian actor who has worked predominantly in Tamil films and serials apart from few Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi and Kannada films. He is known for his supporting and negative roles and has acted in over 300 movies. Standing at 6 ft 4 in (193 cm), Rathnam is one of the tallest actors in Tamil cinema.
James Cliffen
James Cliffen (died 24 March 1785) was a British footpad and murderer who killed Peter Seamen while robbing him and his brother Henry Seamen in Yaxham, Norfolk in January 1785. He was found guilty on 21 March that year before being executed at Norwich Castle Hill on 24 March and then gibbeted at the parish boundary between Yaxham and Mattishall for around 25 years.

Footpad
In archaic terminology, a footpad is a robber or thief specialising in pedestrian victims. The term was used widely from the 16th century until the 19th century, but gradually fell out of common use. A footpad was considered a low criminal, as opposed to the mounted highwayman who in certain cases might gain fame as well as notoriety. Footpads operated during the Elizabethan era and until the beginning of the 19th century.
Neethibathi
Neethibathi (transl. Judge) is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language legal drama film directed by  R. Krishnamoorthy and produced by Suresh Balaji. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and K. R. Vijaya. It is a remake of the 1982 Telugu film Justice Chowdary. The film was released on 26 January 1983.

K. R. Vijaya
Deivanayaki, better known by her stage name K. R. Vijaya, is an Indian actress who has featured in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada films. She started her career in 1963 and has been acting for more than six decades in South Indian cinema. The actress has worked with almost all the stalwarts of South Indian cinema and has played many key roles.
Pinchon
Pinchon is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Robert Antoine Pinchon (1886–1943), French Post-Impressionist landscape painter

Émile Pinchon, French sculptor

John Pinchon (d. 1573), English Member of Parliament

Joseph Pinchon (1871–1953), French illustrator, co-creator of the comic strip heroine Bécassine

William Pinchon (1175–1234), Bishop of Saint-Brieuc, Brittany, France

Bécassine
Bécassine is a French comic strip and the name of its heroine, appearing for the first time in the first issue of La Semaine de Suzette on February 2, 1905. She is considered one of the first female protagonists in the history of French comics.

Bécassine is one of the most enduring French comics of all time, iconic in its home country, and with a long history in syndication and publication. Since 1 January 2024, the series has entered public domain.
Phyllonorycter deserticola
Phyllonorycter deserticola is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in restricted, mostly arid habitats over a broad portion of the south-western United States and northern Mexico from southern Utah to Durango and west to northern California.

The length of the forewings is 2.9-3.8 mm. Adults are on wing from late July to early October in two generations, with the second generation overwintering.

The larvae feed on Populus species, including Populus fremontii, Populus deltoides wislizeni, Populus x parryi (Populus freemontii x Populus trichocarpa). They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Populus fremontii
Populus fremontii, commonly known as Frémont's cottonwood, is a cottonwood native to riparian zones of the Southwestern United States and northern through central Mexico. It is one of three species in Populus sect. Aigeiros. The tree was named after 19th-century American explorer and pathfinder John C. Frémont.
District 11 (Chamber of Deputies of Chile)
District 11 (Spanish: Distrito 11) is one of the 28 multi-member electoral districts of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the National Congress, the national legislature of Chile. The district was created by the 2015 electoral reform and came into being at the following general election in 2017. It consists of the communes of La Reina, Las Condes, Lo Barnechea, Peñalolén and Vitacura in the region of Santiago. The district currently elects six of the 155 members of the Chamber of Deputies using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2021 general election the district had 762,026 registered electors.

Peñalolén
Peñalolén (Mapudungun "fraternal meeting place") is a Chilean commune in Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. It was founded on 15 November 1984.

It is one of the most segregated areas of Santiago with Pre-Cordillera areas such as Las Pircas, Casablanca, and Penalolen Alto having a large upper-middle to high income population similar to Las Condes or Vitacura. While the lower areas are more working-class.
Sidney, Maine
Sidney is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,645 at the 2020 census. Sidney was incorporated as a town on January 30, 1792. The town was named for Sir Philip Sidney, an English author. Sidney is included in the Augusta, Maine micropolitan New England City and Town Area. Since 1937, the town has been the home of the New England Music Camp.

Philip Sidney
Sir Philip Sidney (30 November 1554 – 17 October 1586) was an English poet, courtier, scholar and soldier who is remembered as one of the most prominent figures of the Elizabethan age.

His works include a sonnet sequence, Astrophil and Stella, a treatise, The Defence of Poesy (also known as The Defence of Poesie or An Apology for Poetrie) and a pastoral romance, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia. He died fighting the Spanish in the Netherlands, age 31, and his funeral procession in London was one of the most lavish ever seen.
Lynwood Drake
Lynwood Crumpler Drake III (October 10, 1949 – November 8, 1992) was an American spree killer who killed six people and wounded one other at two homes in Morro Bay and a card-playing club in Paso Robles, California, United States on November 7, 1992. He then drove to another house in San Miguel, where he took the owner hostage, before killing himself the next morning.

Spree killer
A spree killer is someone who commits a criminal act that involves two or more murders in a short time, often in multiple locations. There are differing opinions about what durations of time a killing spree may take place in. The United States Bureau of Justice Statistics has spoken of "almost no time break between murders", but some academics consider that a killing spree may last weeks or months, e.g. the case of Andrew Cunanan, who murdered five people over three months, including fashion designer Gianni Versace.
Asakaze
The Asakaze (あさかぜ) was a limited express sleeper train service operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) and later by West Japan Railway Company (JR West), which ran from Tokyo to Hakata in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

The Asakaze was discontinued from the start of the revised timetable on 1 March 2005.

Limited express
In public transport, a limited express is a special express train or bus service that makes fewer stops (hence “limited”) than local, limited-stop, and regular express services along the same corridor. Limited expresses are typically the most direct service on a line, serving only major destinations such as central and interchange stations, making them the fastest option for inter-city travelers.
Elizabeth Ashbridge
Elizabeth Ashbridge (née Sampson; 1713 – May 16, 1755) was an 18th-century New England Quaker minister and autobiographer born in Cheshire, England. Her compelling autobiography, Some Account of the Fore Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge, provides a valuable firsthand account of her spiritual journey, her conversion to Quakerism, and the challenges she faced as a woman preacher in the 18th century. Ashbridge's writings offer insights into the social and religious landscape of colonial America, particularly the experiences of women and the development of Quaker communities. Her life story is characterized by her resilience in the face of adversity, her unwavering commitment to her faith, and her powerful voice as a religious leader.

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.