hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Codex Toletanus
The Codex Toletanus, designated by T, also called Biblia hispalense or Seville Bible, is a 10th-century Latin manuscript of the Old and New Testament. The text, written on vellum, is a version of the Latin Vulgate Bible, which contains the entire Bible, including the trinity reference Comma Johanneum.

Vellum
Vellum is prepared animal skin or membrane, typically used as writing material. It is often distinguished from parchment, either by being made from calfskin, rather than the skin of other animals or simply by being of a higher quality. Vellum is prepared for writing and printing on single pages, scrolls, and codices.

Vellum is generally smooth and durable, but there can be great variations in texture due to the way it is made and the quality of the skin used. The making of vellum involves the cleaning, bleaching, stretching on a frame, and scraping of the skin with a lunellum.

Modern paper vellum is made of plant cellulose fibers and gets its name from having a similar use to actual vellum, as well as its high quality.
Siegfried (opera)
Siegfried (German: [ˈziːk.fʀiːt] ⓘ), WWV 86C, is the third of the four epic music dramas that constitute Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (English: The Ring of the Nibelung). It premiered at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus on 16 August 1876, as part of the first complete performance of The Ring cycle.

The autograph manuscript of the work is preserved in the Richard Wagner Foundation.

Wagner-Werk-Verzeichnis
The Wagner-Werk-Verzeichnis (Catalogue of Wagner's Works), abbreviated WWV, is an index and musicological guide to the 113 musical compositions and works for the stage by Richard Wagner. It includes guidance on editions of the published works and explanations of historical performance practices. John Deathridge, Martin Geck, and Egon Voss compiled the catalogue.

In compiling the catalogue, the authors studied Wagner's writings and examined drafts, sketches, and scores of the compositions. For the full list, see List of compositions by Richard Wagner.
Vaires-sur-Marne Nautical Stadium
The Vaires-sur-Marne Nautical Stadium also known as the Olympic Nautical Stadium D'île-De-France is a regatta venue for rowing and canoeing, situated in Vaires-sur-Marne, Île-de-France and in the proximity of the Marne River.

Canoeing
Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking, with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or 'Canadian'.

A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are canoe camping and canoe racing.  Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams.
Pattrick
Pattrick is a surname, a variant form of Patrick. Notable people with this surname include:

Anne Pattrick (1881–1937), New Zealand Plunket nurse and nursing administrator

Jenny Pattrick (born 1936), New Zealand novelist

Maral Yazarloo-Pattrick (born 1981), Iranian motorcyclist and fashion designer

Seme Pattrick (born 1981), Cameroonian footballer

Maral Yazarloo
Maral Yazarloo-Pattrick (born Maral Yazarloo, Persian: مارال یازرلو;‎ 1981) is an Iranian motorcyclist, fashion designer, artist, marketer, motivational speaker and campaigner of women’s rights based in India.
2018 Fuzion 100 Ilkley Trophy – Men's doubles
Leander Paes and Adil Shamasdin were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Austin Krajicek and Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan won the title after defeating Kevin Krawietz and Andreas Mies 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Kevin Krawietz
Kevin Krawietz (born 24 January 1992) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 on 10 February 2025. Krawietz has won twelve doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Tim Pütz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion at the French Open in 2019 and 2020 with Andreas Mies.

Krawietz was also a finalist with Tim Pütz at the 2024 US Open and reached the mixed doubles semifinals at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships and at the 2022 French Open, partnering Květa Peschke and Nicole Melichar-Martinez respectively.

In singles, Krawietz reached his highest ranking of world No. 211 in December 2018. He has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2019, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games in men's and mixed doubles and 2024 Olympic Games in men's doubles.
The Heart of the Matter (film)
The Heart of the Matter is a 1953 British drama film based on the 1948 book of the same name by Graham Greene. It was directed by George More O'Ferrall for London Films. It was entered into the 1953 Cannes Film Festival.

1953 Cannes Film Festival
The 6th Cannes Film Festival took place from 15 to 29 April 1953. French writer and filmmaker Jean Cocteau served as jury president for the main competition.

The Grand Prize of the Festival was awarded, as the highest prize, to The Wages of Fear by Henri-Georges Clouzot.

During the opening ceremony, Walt Disney was awarded the "Legion of Honour" from the hands of Monsieur Hugues, Minister of Information of France.

The festival opened with Endless Horizons by Jean Dréville.
Oakland, Burnett County, Wisconsin
Oakland is a town in Burnett County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 827 at the 2010 census. It is along Wisconsin Highway 35. The unincorporated communities of Oakland and Yellow Lake are located in the town.

Wisconsin Highway 35
State Trunk Highway 35 (STH-35, WIS 35) is a Wisconsin state highway running north–south across western Wisconsin. It is 412.15 miles in length, and is the longest state highway in Wisconsin. Portions of WIS 35 are part of the Great River Road.
Inter frame
An inter frame is a frame in a video compression stream which is expressed in terms of one or more neighboring frames. The "inter" part of the term refers to the use of Inter frame prediction. This tries to take advantage of temporal redundancy between neighboring frames, enabling higher compression rates.

MPEG-2
MPEG-2 (a.k.a. H.222/H.262 as was defined by the ITU) is a standard for "the generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information". It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods, which permit storage and transmission of movies using currently available storage media and transmission bandwidth. While MPEG-2 is not as efficient as newer standards such as H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC, backwards compatibility with existing hardware and software means it is still widely used, for example in over-the-air digital television broadcasting and in the DVD-Video standard.
Lance Woolridge
Lance Woolridge (born 30 July 1991) is a rally driver from South Africa.

A two-time Class T champion in the South African Cross Country Series, he was signed by Veloce Racing as reserve driver for the inaugural season of the new electric off-road racing series Extreme E in 2021. He made his series debut at the season-ending Jurassic X-Prix in Dorset, replacing Stéphane Sarrazin, and was subsequently promoted to full-time driver for 2022 alongside Christine GZ.

2021 Jurassic X-Prix
The 2021 Jurassic X-Prix was an Extreme E off-road race that was held on 18 and 19 December 2021 at Bovington Camp, in Dorset, England. It was the fifth and last round of the electric off-road racing car series' inaugural season. A significant rule adjustment was introduced for the event to accommodate the short nature of the circuit, each session now consisting of three laps, with the starting driver, who in the final would be the female driver, taking the first two.

The final was won by Cristina Gutiérrez and Sébastien Loeb for Team X44, ahead of JBXE and Andretti United Extreme E. Rosberg X Racing's Johan Kristoffersson and Molly Taylor came fourth to seal both the drivers' and the teams' championship.
Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress – Tamil
The Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress – Tamil is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards South for Tamil films. The award is given by the chosen jury of critics assigned.

Two consecutive winners of the award, Aparna Balamurali and Nithya Menen, also won the National Film Award for Best Actress for their performances while the first recipient, Jyothika, also won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress.

Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress
The Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress is given by the state government as part of its annual Tamil Nadu State Film Awards for Tamil (Kollywood) films. The awards were first given in 1967 and discontinued after 1970. The awards were given again in 1977 and continued till 1982. The awards were not given in the years 1971 to 1976. This award was last given in the year 2022 to Sai Pallavi for Gargi.
XXIII Constitutional Government of Portugal
The XXIII Constitutional Government of Portugal (Portuguese: XXIII Governo Constitucional de Portugal) was the 23rd government of the Third Portuguese Republic under the current Constitution, and had António Costa as the Prime Minister, in his third consecutive term. It was in office from 30 March 2022 to 2 April 2024 and was formed by members of the Socialist Party (PS).

It was the second PS government to have absolute majority of seats in the Legislature, after the first government of José Sócrates, between 2005 and 2009. It was composed of 17 ministers and 40 secretaries of state.

Prime Minister of Portugal
The prime minister of Portugal is the head of government of Portugal. As head of government, the prime minister coordinates the actions of ministers, represents the Government of Portugal to the other bodies of state, is accountable to parliament and keeps the president informed. The prime minister can hold the role of head of government with the portfolio of one or more ministries. As Portugal is a semi-presidential parliamentary republic, the prime minister is the country's leading political figure and de facto chief executive.

There is no limit to the number of terms a person can serve as prime minister. The prime minister is appointed by the president following legislative elections, after having heard the parties represented in the parliament. Usually, the person named is the leader of the largest party in the previous election, but there have been exceptions over the years.
Donald Harris (priest)
Donald Bertram Harris (4 August 1904 – 20 January 1996) was Archdeacon of Bedford from 1946 to 1955.

Harris was educated at King's College School, Cambridge, Haileybury and King's College, Cambridge. He began his ecclesiastical career with  curacies at  Chesterfield Parish Church and the Church of St Mary the Less, Cambridge after which he was Rector of Holy Cross Great Greenford until he became an Archdeacon. Following his years in Bedford he was Vicar of St Paul's Church, Knightsbridge until his retirement in 1978.

King's College School, Cambridge
King's College School is a coed preparatory school for pupils aged 4 to 13 in Cambridge, England, situated on West Road off Grange Road, west of the city centre. It was founded specially to educate the choristers in the King's College Choir during the 15th century. Although no longer located on College grounds, it remains an integral part of the Chapel's musical tradition and is still governed by and receives some funding from the College. The school is part of the same historic foundation as Eton College. The most recent fully integrated Independent Schools Inspectorate (ISI) inspection awarded the grade of "excellent" in all rating categories.
(RNA-polymerase)-subunit kinase
In enzymology, an [RNA-polymerase]-subunit kinase (EC 2.7.11.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + [DNA-directed RNA polymerase]  ADP + phospho-[DNA-directed RNA polymerase]

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and DNA-directed RNA polymerase, whereas its two products are ADP and phospho-DNA-directed RNA polymerase.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of serine or threonine residues in proteins (protein-serine/threonine kinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:[DNA-directed RNA polymerase] phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include CTD kinase, and STK9.

Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form when dissolved in water), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form when dissolved in water), and a side chain containing a hydroxyl group, making it a polar, uncharged amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it: it must be obtained from the diet. Threonine is synthesized from aspartate in bacteria such as E. coli. It is encoded by all the codons starting AC (ACU, ACC, ACA, and ACG).

Threonine sidechains are often hydrogen bonded; the most common small motifs formed are based on interactions with serine: ST turns, ST motifs (often at the beginning of alpha helices) and ST staples (usually at the middle of alpha helices).
Storm King Mountain (New York)
Storm King Mountain is a mountain on the west bank of the Hudson River just south of Cornwall-on-Hudson, New York. Together with Breakneck Ridge on the opposite bank of the river it forms "Wey-Gat" or Wind Gate, the picturesque northern narrows of the Hudson Highlands. Its distinctive curved ridge is the most prominent aspect of the view south down Newburgh Bay, from Newburgh, Beacon, and the Newburgh-Beacon Bridge. It can also be seen by southbound travelers on nearby sections of the New York State Thruway. This view was a popular subject for early artists of the Hudson River School.

While thought of as the highest point in the area, its summit reaching approximately 1,340 feet (410 m) above sea level, the eastern summit known officially as Butter Hill is actually higher, with an elevation of 1,380 feet (420 m).

Hudson River School
The  Hudson River School was a mid-19th-century American art movement embodied by a group of landscape painters whose aesthetic vision was influenced by Romanticism. Early on, the paintings typically depicted the Hudson River Valley and the surrounding area, including the Catskill, Adirondack, and White Mountains.

Works by second-generation artists expanded to include other locales in New England, the Maritimes, the Western United States, and South America.
Beno Lapajne
Beno Lapajne (born 10 June 1973) is a former professional handball player. He has taken part in many international events, including the Athens Olympics in 2004 and Sydney Olympics in 2000.

He started his career in the handball club RK Inles – Ribnica. He later played in clubs Celje, Gorenje, Prule 67, US Ivry, Gold Club, Zagreb and BM Aragon. Lapajne has won 8 Slovenian Championships and 9 Slovenian Cups, 1 Croatian Championship and 1 Croatian Cup and was a runner-up at the 2004 European Men's Handball Championship.

RK Gorenje Velenje
Rokometni klub Gorenje Velenje (English: Gorenje Velenje Handball Club), commonly referred to as RK Gorenje Velenje, is a Slovenian handball club from Velenje that competes in the Slovenian First League, the top tier of Slovenian handball. They play their games at the Red Hall (Slovene: Rdeča dvorana). The club has won five Slovenian Championships and three Slovenian cup titles. Gorenje also participated in the EHF competitions for many seasons, including the EHF Cup, the EHF Cup Winners' Cup, and the EHF Champions League. Together with Celje, they are the only club that have participated in every season of the Slovenian First League since its formation in 1991.

The club was known as RK Šoštanj and ŠRK Velenje in the past.
Kelly Warren
Kelly Therese Warren (born 1966 in Warner Robins, Georgia) is a former private in the United States Army who was convicted of espionage.

Warren worked as a clerk at the 8th Infantry Division's headquarters in Bad Kreuznach, West Germany from 1986 to 1988. While there, it has been stated that Clyde Lee Conrad paid Warren to be allowed access to the secret documents, notably response plans for a Soviet invasion of Western Europe, but Sergeant First Class Conrad who served as the Division's G2 or Intelligence Non-commissioned Officer, already had access to these General Defense Plans (GDP). These plans were later sold to Hungarian intelligence officials.

In 1997, Warren was arrested and charged with conspiracy to commit espionage. In 1999, she was convicted and subsequently sentenced to 25 years in prison.

Conrad was jailed for life in Germany in 1990, and died in prison in 1998. Kelly Therese Warren was released from federal prison in 2011.

Warner Robins, Georgia
Warner Robins (WRB; typically /ˈwɑːrnɜːr ˈrɑːbənz/ wore-nur-RAW-bins) is a city in Houston and Peach Counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the state's 11th-largest incorporated city, with a population of 85,830 according to the World Population Review.

The city is the main component of the Warner Robins metropolitan statistical area, including Houston, Peach, and Pulaski Counties, which had a census population of 201,469 in 2020. It is a component of the Macon–Warner Robins–Fort Valley combined statistical area, with an estimated 2018 population of 423,572. Robins Air Force Base, a U.S. Air Force maintenance and logistics complex that was founded as the Warner Robins Air Depot in 1942, is located east of the city limits. The base's expansion and the suburbanization of nearby Macon have led to the city's growth in the post-World War II era.
Barbara Fried
Barbara Helen Fried (/friːd/; born 1951) is an American lawyer and professor emerita at Stanford Law School. Fried and Joseph Bankman are the parents of FTX and Alameda Research co-founder Sam Bankman-Fried, convicted on seven counts of criminal fraud as CEO of the now-defunct and bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange, alongside other company insiders.

Alameda Research
Alameda Research was a cryptocurrency trading firm co-founded in September 2017 by Sam Bankman-Fried and Tara MacAulay. In November 2022, FTX, Alameda's sister cryptocurrency exchange, experienced a solvency crisis, and both FTX and Alameda filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. That same month, anonymous sources told The Wall Street Journal that FTX had lent more than half of its customers' funds to Alameda, which was explicitly forbidden by FTX's terms-of-service.

At Bankman-Fried's trial, Alameda CEO Caroline Ellison testified that she was one of Bankman-Fried's main accomplices in channeling FTX customer funds into Alameda's coffers. In December 2022, Ellison pleaded guilty to two counts of wire fraud and five conspiracy counts involving wire, securities and commodities fraud and money laundering, in relation to her activities at Alameda Research and FTX.
The Ayer
The Ayer is a residential high-rise building in Seattle, Washington. The 45-story skyscraper, located in the Denny Triangle neighborhood, was completed in 2023 with 454 luxury apartments and ground-floor retail space. The building is named after Elizabeth Ayer (1897–1987), the first woman to graduate from the University of Washington architecture program and the first woman licensed as an architect in Washington State.

The Ayer shares a city block with its sister building, The Ivey on Boren, another Holland Partner Group development. Both projects were designed by Weber Thompson to support Cornish College of the Arts while providing luxury urban living in Seattle's rapidly growing South Lake Union area.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Renewable Fuels Regulators Club
The Renewable Fuels Regulators Club (or REFUREC) is a network of governmental institutions that offers a pan-European platform for discussion, information exchange and tackling cross-border issues relating to the renewable transport fuels market in the European Union and beyond.

REFUREC was initiated in 2009 by the Renewable Fuels Agency, a UK Government non-departmental public body, created by the Department for Transport to implement the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation or RTFO.

Department for Transport
The Department for Transport (DfT) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is wholly responsible for overseeing the transport network in England, and for limited transport matters that are not devolved to the governments of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales. The department develops national transport policy, coordinates infrastructure investment, and regulates transport services. It is headed by the Secretary of State for Transport, who is supported by a ministerial team and the Permanent Secretary as the department’s most senior civil servant.

The department’s expenditure, administration and policy are scrutinised by the Transport Select Committee.
Don R. Berlin
Donovan Reese Berlin (June 13, 1898 – May 17, 1982) was an American military aircraft designer and aircraft industry executive.  Among the many designs with which he is associated are the Curtiss P-36 Hawk, Curtiss P-40 Warhawk and Fisher P-75 Eagle. His name is "synonymous with the development of military aviation". He designed aircraft that were safe, rugged and "a pilot's joy."

Boeing Rotorcraft Systems
Boeing Rotorcraft Systems (formerly Boeing Helicopters and Boeing Vertol) is the former name of an American aircraft manufacturer, now the Vertical Lift division of Boeing Defense, Space & Security.

The headquarters and main rotorcraft factory are in Ridley Park, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia. Production of Apache attack helicopters in Mesa, Arizona, formerly part of Rotorcraft Systems, is now under the Global Strike Division of Boeing Military Aircraft.
Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography
The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography (ISBN 978-0-06270-015-5) was written by Trevor N. Dupuy, Curt Johnson and David Bongard, and was issued in 1992 by HarperCollins Publishers.  It contains more than three thousand short biographies of military figures from ancient times to 1990. Dennis E. Showalter, reviewing the work for the Library Journal said "the overall accuracy and perception of the biographical sketches earn this work a place in all collections on military history."

Dennis Showalter
Dennis Edwin Showalter (February 12, 1942 – December 30, 2019) was a professor emeritus of history at Colorado College. Showalter specialized in German military history. He was president of the American Society for Military History from 1997 to 2001. In addition, Showalter was an advising fellow of the Barsanti Military History Center at the University of North Texas.
Sverre Johannessen
Sverre Johannessen (4 May 1921 – 21 September 1993) was a Norwegian alpine skier. He was born in Bærum, and represented the club Stabæk IF. He participated at the 1948 Winter Olympics in  St. Moritz, and at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. His best placement was an eighteenth place in downhill at the 1948 Winter Olympics.

He became Norwegian champion in alpine combined 1947.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.