hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polytechnic Marathon
The Polytechnic Marathon, often called the Poly, was a marathon held annually between 1909 and 1996, over various courses in or near London. It was the first marathon to be run regularly over the distance of 26 miles, 385 yards which is now the global standard. A total of eight world marathon bests were set in the Poly, including the first authenticated time under 2 hours, 20 minutes which had been regarded as the marathon equivalent of the four-minute mile. At the time of its demise in 1996, the Poly was Europe's oldest regular marathon. It had seen more world records and had been run over 42.195 kilometres (26.219 mi) more often than any other marathon.

Four-minute mile
A four-minute mile is the completion of a mile run (1.609 km) in four minutes or less. It translates to an average speed of 15 miles per hour (24 km/h). It is a standard for male professional middle-distance runners in several countries.

The first four-minute mile is usually attributed to the English athlete Roger Bannister, who ran it in 1954 at age 25 in 3:59.4. The mile record has since been lowered by 16.27 seconds. According to World Athletics statistics, the "four-minute barrier" has been broken by just over 2,000 athletes. The record for the fastest time stands at 3:43.13, achieved by the Moroccan athlete Hicham El Guerrouj, at age 24, in 1999. There has not yet been a woman who has run a four-minute mile.
Muiden Castle
Muiden Castle (Dutch: Muiderslot, Dutch pronunciation: [ˌmœydərˈslɔt]) is a castle in the Netherlands, located at the mouth of the Vecht river, some 15 kilometers southeast of Amsterdam, in Muiden, where it flows into what used to be the Zuiderzee. It is one of the better known castles in the Netherlands and featured in many television shows set in the Middle Ages.

Vecht (Utrecht)
The Vecht (pronounced [vɛxt] ⓘ) is a Rhine branch in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is sometimes called Utrechtse Vecht to avoid confusion with its Overijssel counterpart. The area along the river is called the Vechtstreek.
Kowalki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Kowalki [kɔˈvalki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gołdap, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gołdap County
Gołdap County (Polish: powiat gołdapski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its administrative seat and only town is Gołdap, which lies 133 kilometres (83 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

When powiats were re-introduced in the Polish local government reforms of 1999, the present Gołdap and Olecko Counties made up a single entity (called powiat olecko-gołdapski or Olecko-Gołdap County). This was divided into two in 2002.

The county covers an area of 771.93 square kilometres (298.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 26,825, out of which the population of Gołdap is 13,716 and the rural population is 13,109.
Toga, Missouri
Toga is an unincorporated community located on Crowleys Ridge in northern Stoddard County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community lies two miles northeast of Advance on Missouri Route 25. The Stoddard-Bollinger-Cape Girardeau county line junction is approximately one mile northeast of the location.

Advance, Missouri
Advance is a town located at the intersection of State Highway 25 and State Highway 91/Route C in northern Stoddard County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,349 at the 2020 census. Advance was founded c. 1882. The town is pronounced ADD-vance.
Granville Gee Bee Model Z Super Sportster
The Granville Gee Bee Model Z was an American racing aircraft that was built, successfully raced and then destroyed in a fatal crash in 1931. It was the first of the Super Sportster aircraft built by Granville Brothers Aircraft of Springfield, Massachusetts, with the sole intent of winning the Thompson Trophy, which it did in September 1931. Its fatal crash that December started the reputation of subsequent Gee Bee aircraft as killers.

Air racing
Air racing is a type of motorsport that involves airplanes or other types of aircraft that compete over a fixed course, with the winner either returning the shortest time, the one to complete it with the most points, or to come closest to a previously estimated time.
Merycopotamus
Merycopotamus is an extinct genus of Asian anthracothere that appeared during the Middle Miocene, and died out in the Late Pliocene.  At the height of the genus' influence, species ranged throughout South Asia and South East Asia (Indonesia, Myanmar, and Thailand). With the extinction of the last species, M. dissimilis, the lineage of anthracotheres came to an end.  Merycopotamus was closely related to the anthracothere genus Libycosaurus, which, unlike the former,  never left Africa. In fact, some African fossils originally placed in Merycopotamus, but are now referred to Libycosaurus.

Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene, and followed by the Late Miocene.

The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition.

For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age.
Bernhard Karl von Koehne
Baron Bernhard Karl von Köhne (Russian: Бернгард (Борис) Васильевич Кёне; Boris Vasilievich Kene; 4 July 1817 – 5 February 1886) was born in Berlin, and moved to St Petersburg in 1845 to take up a post with the Russian civil service. He was the director of the section for arms in the heraldic department of the Russian senate, and a well known numismatist in imperial Russia. After falling out of favour with the scholarly circles in St Petersburg, he applied for Finnish citizenship in 1859, but it was not granted.

He was elected as an associate academician of the Belgian Royal Academy on 13 May 1861.

Governing Senate
From 1711 to 1917, the Governing Senate was the highest legislative, judicial, and executive body subordinate to the Russian emperors. The senate was instituted by Peter the Great to replace the Boyar Duma and lasted until the very end of the Russian Empire. It was chaired by the Procurator General, who served as the link between the sovereign and the Senate; he acted, in the emperor's own words, as "the sovereign's eye".
Kidin-Hutran
Kidin-Hutran was  a middle-Elamite king of the Igihalkid dynasty known for his wars with Babylonia.  The Babylonian Chronicle P describes two Kidin-Hutran attacks (iv 14-22). In his first raid, he crossed the Tigris, sacked Der and Nippur and deposed the Babylonian king, Enlil-nadin-shumi (almost certainly an Assyrian puppet). Later on, during the reign of Adad-shuma-iddina, he attacked Babylonia again, striking Marad and Isin

Kidin-Hutran is also mentioned in the so-called Berlin letter (Pergamon Museum, VAT17020), a neo-Babylonian copy of a letter sent by an unnamed Elamite king to the Babylonian court, stating his right to the Babylonian throne.  The letter states that  Kidin-Hurtan was a son of the king Untash-Napirisha and a grandson of the Babylonian king Burna-Buriash.

Since more than 100 years distance separate the end of Burna-Buriash's reign and the accession of Adad-shuma-iddina, some authors  assume that there was more than one king with this name.

Pergamon Museum
The Pergamon Museum (German: Pergamonmuseum; pronounced [ˈpɛʁ.ɡa.mɔn.muˌzeː.ʊm] ⓘ) is a listed building on the Museum Island in the historic centre of Berlin, Germany. It was built from 1910 to 1930 by order of Emperor Wilhelm II and according to plans by Alfred Messel and Ludwig Hoffmann in Stripped Classicism style.  As part of the Museum Island complex, the Pergamon Museum was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 because of its architecture and testimony to the evolution of museums as architectural and social phenomena.

Prior to its closing in 2023, the Pergamon Museum was home to the Antikensammlung, including the famous Pergamon Altar, the Vorderasiatisches Museum and the Museum für Islamische Kunst.

In October 2023, the museum was completely closed for visitors, and is expected to remain mostly closed for 14 to 20 years – until 2037 to 2043 – for the execution of comprehensive renovation works. Its North Wing is expected to reopen in 2027.
Melt Hamman
Melt van Schoor Hamman is a South African politician who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999, having gained election in the 1994 general election. During the election, he was the NP's campaigns strategist for the Cape, and he formerly represented the NP in the apartheid-era House of Assembly.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Albert Popa
Albert Ionuț Popa (born 5 April 1999) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga III side Gloria Buzău. Popa made his debut at senior level in the Liga II for Dacia Unirea Brăila, then playing in the third tier for Unirea Slobozia and SR Brașov, before signing with Gaz Metan.

SR Brașov
Asociația Club Sportiv SR Municipal Brașov (Romanian pronunciation: [braˈʃov]), commonly known as SR Brașov or simply Brașov, was a Romanian football club based in the city of Brașov, Brașov County, which competed in the Liga III.

The team was created in 2017 by the supporters of the original FC Brașov, which was dissolved that year. "SR" stands for Steagul Roșu ("the Red Flag") or Steagul Renaște ("Steagul Reborn").

Meanwhile, another entity was founded in 2021 and gained permission to use the FC Brașov brand, although it has a continuity issue and enjoys lower fan support.
NGC 7320
NGC 7320 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered on 27 September 1873 by French astronomer Édouard Stephan.

NGC 7320 is a member of Stephan's Quintet, however, it is not an actual member of the galaxy group, but a much closer line-of-sight galaxy at a distance of about 40 million light years, the same as the nearby NGC 7331. Other galaxies of Stephan's Quintet are some 300 million light-years distant.

NGC 7320 has extensive H II regions, identified as red blobs, where active star formation is occurring.

The galaxy was imaged by the James Webb Space Telescope as part of Stephan's Quintet; the picture was released on 12 July 2022.

Galaxy group
A galaxy group or group of galaxies (GrG) is an aggregation of galaxies comprising about 50 or fewer gravitationally bound members, each at least as luminous as the Milky Way (about 1010 times the luminosity of the Sun); collections of galaxies larger than groups that are first-order clustering are called galaxy clusters. The groups and clusters of galaxies can themselves be clustered, into superclusters of galaxies.

The Milky Way galaxy is part of a group of galaxies called the Local Group.
Louise Kreher Forest Ecology Preserve
Kreher Preserve and Nature Center (KPNC), previously known as the Louise Kreher Forest Ecology Preserve, is a 120 acres (0.49 km2) nature preserve located between Auburn and Opelika in Lee County, Alabama. Established in 1993 through a gift, it is operated as a non-profit outreach program of Auburn University's School of Forestry & Wildlife Sciences. The nature center includes a nature playground, amphitheater, wheel-chair accessible 150-seat multi-level meeting area and fire pit, and a covered educational pavilion. There are interpretive signs along the 30 trails that cover 6 miles, restrooms, and drinking fountains.

The KPNC offers environmental education and outreach programs including animal encounters and guided walks, day camps and pre-school programs.

The KPNC was established by Dr. Louise Kreher Turner (1914-2012) and her husband Frank Allen Turner, who donated and endowed the property to Auburn University for conservation and educational purposes.

Lee County, Alabama
Lee County is a county located in east central Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 174,241. The county seat is Opelika, and the largest city is Auburn. The county was established in 1866 and is named for General Robert E. Lee (1807–1870), who served as General in Chief of the Armies of the Confederate States in 1865. Lee County comprises the Auburn-Opelika, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Columbus-Auburn-Opelika, GA-AL Combined Statistical Area.
Phil Lehnhoff
Phil Lehnhoff (born December 8, 1960) is an American former professional tennis player.

Born in Moraga, California, Lehnhoff competed on the professional tour in the early 1980s and played college tennis for the University of California, Berkeley.

Lehnhoff had a career high singles ranking of 182 in the world and featured in the qualifying draw for the 1983 Wimbledon Championships. He made the second round of two tour events, the 1982 Quito Open and the 1984 WCT Tournament of Champions in Forest Hills.

Quito Open
The Quito Open, also known as the Quite Grand Prix, was a Grand Prix affiliated men's professional tennis tournament played from 1979 to 1982. It was held in Quito in Ecuador and played on outdoor clay courts. The city is located at 2,800 m (9,200 ft) above mean sea level. The lower air pressure means breathing is more difficult for players and the ball flies faster.

Andrés Gómez was the most successful competitor at the event, winning the singles competition in 1982 and twice taking the doubles title in 1980 and 1981 partnering Chilean Hans Gildemeister.
Money, Mississippi
Money is an unincorporated community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States, in the Mississippi Delta. It has about 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area.

Money is the site of events leading to the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till.

Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).
Typhoon Elsie (1966)
Typhoon Elsie, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Pitang, moved slowly near Taiwan, producing prolonged rainfall across the island. Numerous locations recorded exceptionally high rainfall, with six top-ten storm accumulations still standing as of 2015. Yilan County experienced the highest totals, with 1,076.9 mm (42.40 in) of rain—the largest single-storm accumulation on record for the county. The storm caused seven deaths and injured thirty people in Taiwan. The typhoon's damage included the collapse of 120 homes and structural damage to 121 others, significant losses to the banana crop (totalling approximately $500,000), and overall losses estimated at to NT$60.1 million.

Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.
Haungaroa
Haungaroa was legendary Māori woman, who travelled from Hawaiki to New Zealand to warn Ngātoro-i-rangi that Manaia was planning to attack him. She was responsible for naming Kaingaroa Forest and various other places in central North Island, according to Te Arawa and Ngāti Tūwharetoa traditions.

Te Arawa
Te Arawa is a confederation of Māori iwi and hapū (tribes and sub-tribes) of New Zealand who trace their ancestry to the Arawa migration canoe (waka). The tribes are based in the Rotorua and Bay of Plenty areas and have a population of around 60,117 according to the 2018 census, making the confederation the sixth biggest iwi in New Zealand.  The Te Arawa iwi comprises 56 hapū (sub-tribes) and 31 marae (family groupings).
Razia Rahimtoola
Razia Rahimtoola (Urdu: رضیہ جعفررحمۃاللہ; born Razia A. K. Gul-Mohammad in Bombay on 29 August 1919; died 13 November 1988 in Karachi) was a Chair of Pediatrics Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi. She was the first woman to be elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.

Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals
The Grant Government Medical College is a public medical college located in Mumbai, India. It is affiliated to the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences. Founded in 1845, it is one of the oldest medical colleges in South Asia. Its clinical affiliate is Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, a conglomerate of four hospitals in South Mumbai including Sir J.J. Hospital, St George Hospital, Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital and Cama and Albless Hospital.
USS El Cano
USS El Cano (IX-79), an unclassified miscellaneous vessel, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Elcano (PG-38).  A schooner, she was acquired on 8 August 1942 as Pioneer, renamed El Cano on 17 August 1942, and served in a noncommissioned status in the 11th Naval District during World War II.

USS Elcano
USS Elcano (PG-38) was a gunboat that the United States Navy captured from the Spanish Navy during the Spanish–American War. She was officially commissioned in the U.S. Navy in 1902. She served for many years in the Yangtze Patrol where she saw action against pirates and warlords. She served until decommissioning in 1928, when she was sunk for target practice.
If Anyone Falls
"If Anyone Falls" is a song by American singer-songwriter Stevie Nicks. It was the second single from her second solo studio album The Wild Heart (1983). The song peaked at number 14 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and reached number eight on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
Tri Ta
Tri Ta (born April 10, 1973) is a Vietnamese-born American politician currently serving as a member of the California State Assembly. He represents Assembly District 70, which consists of much of the Little Saigon area of northwestern Orange County. He previously served as Mayor of Westminster, California.

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
Neonatal teeth
Natal teeth are teeth that are present above the gumline (have already erupted) at birth, and neonatal teeth are teeth that emerge through the gingiva during the first month of life (the neonatal period).

The incidence of neonatal teeth varies considerably, between 1:700 and 1:30,000 depending on the type of study; the highest prevalence is found in the only study that relies on personal examination of patients.

Natal teeth, and neonatal teeth, can be the baby's normal deciduous teeth, sprouting prematurely. These should be preserved, if possible.  Alternately, they could be supernumerary teeth, extra teeth, not part of the normal allotment of teeth.

Tooth eruption
Tooth eruption is a process in tooth development in which the teeth enter the mouth and become visible. It is currently believed that the periodontal ligament plays an important role in tooth eruption. The first human teeth to appear, the deciduous (primary) teeth (also known as baby or milk teeth), erupt into the mouth from around 6 months until 2 years of age, in a process known as "teething". These teeth are the only ones in the mouth until a person is about 6 years old, creating the primary dentition stage. At that time, the first permanent tooth erupts and begins a period in which there is a combination of primary and permanent teeth, known as the mixed dentition stage, which lasts until the last primary tooth is lost. Then, the remaining permanent teeth erupt into the mouth during the permanent dentition stage.
Orville Taylor
Orville Taylor (born 11 May 1970) is a retired male sprinter from Jamaica. He claimed a silver medal at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, Argentina in the men's 4x400 metres relay, alongside Dennis Blake, Roxbert Martin, and Michael McDonald. Taylor set his personal best in the men's 200 metres (20.67) on 2002-05-25 in San Angelo, Texas.

Mar del Plata
Mar del Plata is a city of the Atlantic Coast, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is the seat of General Pueyrredón district. Mar del Plata is the second largest city in Buenos Aires Province. The name "Mar del Plata"  is short for "Mar del Río de la Plata," and means "sea of the Río de la Plata basin" or "adjoining sea to the (River) Plate region." Mar del Plata is one of the major fishing ports and the biggest seaside beach resort in Argentina.
With a population of 682,605 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], it is the 5th largest city in Argentina.