hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Black Hills and Fort Pierre Railroad
The Black Hills and Fort Pierre Railroad (BH&FP) was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railroad in the Black Hills of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It was created by the Homestake Mining Company and initially ran from Lead to Calcite and Piedmont by way of Elk Creek. An alternate route was established to Piedmont and Calcite by way of Nemo and Stagebarn Canyon after numerous washouts made the Elk Creek route unviable. There was also a branch from the Nemo line connecting Este with a logging camp at Merritt. The railroad had 6.180 miles (9.946 km) of dual gauge track (with 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge trackage) and another 47.618 miles (76.634 km) of 3 ft (914 mm) track; the total amount of track was 53.798 miles (86.579 km).

3 ft gauge railways
Three foot gauge railways have a track gauge of 3 ft (914 mm) or 1 yard. This gauge is a narrow gauge and is generally found throughout North, Central, and South America. In Ireland, many secondary and industrial lines were built to 3 ft gauge, and it is the dominant gauge on the Isle of Man, where it is known as the Manx Standard Gauge. Modern 3 ft gauge railways are most commonly found in isolated mountainous areas, on small islands, or in large-scale amusement parks and theme parks (see table below). This gauge is also popular in model railroading (particularly in G scale), and model prototypes of these railways have been made by several model train brands around the world, such as Accucraft Trains (US), Aristo-Craft Trains (US), Bachmann Industries (Hong Kong), Delton Locomotive Works (US), LGB (Germany), and PIKO (Germany).
Vanuatu women's national cricket team
The Vanuatu women's national cricket team represents Vanuatu in international women's cricket. It is organised by the game's governing body in the country, the Vanuatu Cricket Association (VCA), which is an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

Having made its international debut the previous year, against Fiji, Vanuatu first participated in an international tournament at the 2012 ICC East Asia-Pacific regional qualifiers for the World Twenty20, winning two matches and placing fourth out of six teams. At the 2014 edition of the same tournament, they finished last, with only a single win (against the Cook Islands). Vanuatu's next major event was the women's tournament at the 2015 Pacific Games in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

In April 2018, the ICC granted full Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 matches played between Vanuatu women and any ICC member since 1 July 2018 have the full WT20I status.

Women's T20 World Cup
The ICC Women's T20 World Cup is a biennial world cup for the sport of cricket in the T20I format. It is organised by the International Cricket Council. The first edition was held in England in 2009. For the first 3 editions, there were eight participating nations, but the number was raised to ten from the 2014 edition. The number of teams are set to increase to twelve during the 2026 edition.

At each tournament, a set number of teams qualify automatically, with the remaining teams determined by the Women's T20 World Cup Qualifier. As of 2024, a total of nine editions have been held and twelve teams have participated, Australia, having won the tournament six times (2010, 2012, 2014, 2018, 2020, 2023) are the most successful team,  while England (2009), West Indies (2016) and New Zealand (2024) have one title each.

New Zealand are the current champions having won the 2024 edition for the first time, after defeating South Africa in the final.
1994 US Open – Women's doubles
Defending champion Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and her partner Jana Novotná defeated Robin White and Katerina Maleeva in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 1994 US Open.

Sánchez Vicario and Helena Suková were the reigning champions, but Suková did not participate this year.

With their semifinal loss to Maleeva and White, Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva missed out on the Calendar Grand Slam in women's doubles for the second straight year, both in the semifinals of the US Open. It was the third consecutive year that they won 3 of the slams and lost in the semifinals of the last slam, it was the Australian Open in 1992.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
BRST algorithm
Boender-Rinnooy-Stougie-Timmer algorithm (BRST) is an optimization algorithm suitable for finding global optimum of black box functions. In their paper Boender et al.  describe their method as a stochastic method involving a combination of sampling, clustering and local search, terminating with a range of confidence intervals on the value of the global minimum.

The algorithm of Boender et al. has been modified by Timmer. Timmer considered several clustering methods. Based on experiments a method named "multi level single linkage" was deemed most accurate.

Csendes' algorithms  are implementations of the algorithm of [Boender et al.] and originated the public domain software product GLOBAL. The local algorithms used are a random direction, linear search algorithm also used by Törn, and a quasi—Newton algorithm not using the derivative of the function. The results show the dependence of the result on the auxiliary local algorithm used.

Linear search
In computer science, linear search or sequential search is a method for finding an element within a list. It sequentially checks each element of the list until a match is found or the whole list has been searched.

A linear search runs in linear time in the worst case, and makes at most n comparisons, where n is the length of the list. If each element is equally likely to be searched, then linear search has an average case of ⁠n+1/2⁠ comparisons, but the average case can be affected if the search probabilities for each element vary. Linear search is rarely practical because other search algorithms and schemes, such as the binary search algorithm and hash tables, allow significantly faster searching for all but short lists.
Karma (play)
Karma is a play that was written by Algernon Blackwood with Violet Pearn and was published in 1918.

The play is arranged in five sections: a prologue, epilogue, and three acts. It is at once a romance, an expression of Blackwoods spirituality, and a work of wartime homefront propaganda. It contains many connections to Blackwood's corpus of writing.

Epilogue
An epilogue or epilog (from Greek ἐπίλογος epílogo, "conclusion" from ἐπί epi, "in addition" and λόγος logos, "word") is a piece of writing at the end of a work of literature, usually used to bring closure to the work. It is presented from the perspective of within the story. When the author steps in and speaks directly to the reader, that is more properly considered an afterword. The opposite is a prologue—a piece of writing at the beginning of a work of literature or drama, usually used to open the story and capture interest. Some genres, for example television programs and video games, call the epilogue an "outro" patterned on the use of "intro" for "introduction".

Epilogues are usually set in the future, after the main story is completed. Within some genres it can be used to hint at the next installment in a series of work. It is also used to satisfy the reader's curiosity and to cover any loose ends of the story.
Dimitrios Kaffatos
Dimitrios Kaffatos (Greek: Δημήτριος Καφφάτος, born 20 March 1976) is a Greek retired handball player. He was a member of the Greece men's national handball team, playing as a goalkeeper. He was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. On club level he played for OF Nea Ionia, Ionikos Nea Filadelfeia and AEK Athens in Greece.

Ionikos Nea Filadelfeia H.C.
Ionikos Nea Filadelfeia (also Ionikos Nea Philadelphia) is a sport club that is based in Nea Filadelfeia, an Athenian suburb. The full name of club is A.S. Ionikos Nea Filadelfeia (Greek: Α. Σ. Ιωνικός Νέας Φιλαδέλφειας). The Handball club that plays in the Handball Premier.
2012 Ethias Trophy
The 2012 Ethias Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Mons, Belgium between 1 and 7 October 2012.

Ethias Trophy
The Ethias Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was also part of the Tretorn SERIE+ of the Challenger Tour. It was held annually in Mons, Belgium from 2005 until 2016.
1967 Targa Florio
The 51° Targa Florio was a motor race which took place on 14 May 1967, on the Circuito Piccolo delle Madonie, Sicily (Italy). The race, which open to Prototypes, Sports Cars and Grand Touring Cars, was the fifth round of both the 1967 International Championship for Sports-Prototypes and the 1967 International Championship for Sports Cars.

The race was won by Paul Hawkins and Rolf Stommelen driving a Porsche 910/8 for Porsche System Engineering.

Group 3 (motorsport)
The Group 3 racing class referred to a set of regulations for Grand Touring Cars competing in sportscar racing and rallying events regulated by the FIA. These regulations were active, in various forms, from 1957 to 1981.
2024 California Golden Bears football team
The 2024 California Golden Bears football team represented the University of California, Berkeley in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Golden Bears were led by Justin Wilcox in his eighth year as the head coach. The Golden Bears played their home games at California Memorial Stadium located in Berkeley, California.

The 2024 season was California's first in the ACC since moving from the Pac-12 Conference.

On October 5, before playing against the Miami Hurricanes, California hosted their first College GameDay in school history.

ACC Network
ACC Network (ACCN) is an American multinational subscription-television channel owned and operated by ESPN Inc. Dedicated to coverage of the Atlantic Coast Conference, it was announced in July 2016 and launched on August 22, 2019. The channel operates from ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut, though some programming and staff is in Charlotte, North Carolina.

The network's digital platform, ACC Network Extra (ACCNX), carries ACC events not broadcast on television. It streams on ESPN+, as well as ESPN.com and the ESPN app for ACC Network subscribers.
Aikatsu Friends! season 1
The following is a list of episodes for the first season of BN Pictures' Aikatsu Friends! television series, which will air on TV Tokyo between April 4, 2018 and March 3, 2019. From episode 1 to 25, the opening theme is "Thank You⇄Alright" (ありがと⇄大丈夫, Arigato⇄Daijōbu) by Aine and Mio from Best Friends!, while the ending theme is "Believe it" by Karen and Mirai from the same group. From episode 26 to 50, the opening theme is "What is Only There" (そこにしかないもの, Soko ni Shikanai Mono) by Aine and Mio, while the ending theme is "Pride" (プライド Puraido) by Karen and Mirai.

Azusa Tadokoro
Azusa Tadokoro (田所 あずさ, Tadokoro Azusa; born November 10, 1993) is a Japanese voice actress and singer. She is affiliated with the talent agency HoriPro International and signed to record label Lantis. She participated in an audition sponsored by this agency. Her notable roles include Aoi Kiriya in Aikatsu!, Shizuka Mogami in The Idolmaster Million Live!, Kaoru Seta in BanG Dream!,  Phino Bloodstone in Yu-Shibu, Chtholly Nota Seniorious in WorldEnd and Moroha in Yashahime. She performed theme songs for anime, such as Myriad Colors Phantom World and Trickster.
The Search for the Giant Squid
The Search for the Giant Squid is a non-fiction book by Richard Ellis on the biology, history and mythology of the giant squid of the genus Architeuthis. It was well received upon its release in 1998. Though soon rendered outdated by important developments in giant squid research, it is still considered an important reference on the subject.

Robert Hale (publishers)
Robert Hale Limited was a London publisher of fiction and non-fiction books, founded in 1936, and also known as Robert Hale. It was based at Clerkenwell House, Clerkenwell Green. It ceased trading on 1 December 2015 and its imprints were sold to The Crowood Press.
Humphrey Southern
Humphrey Ivo John Southern (born 17 September 1960) is a British Anglican bishop. From 2007 to 2015, he was Bishop of Repton, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Derby. From 2015 to 2025, he was principal of Ripon College Cuddesdon, an Anglican theological college.

Diocese of Derby
The Diocese of Derby is a Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury, roughly covering the same area as the County of Derbyshire.  Its diocesan bishop is the Bishop of Derby whose seat (cathedra) is at Derby Cathedral.  The diocesan bishop is assisted by one suffragan bishop, the Bishop of Repton.
Mickie Finn's (TV series)
Mickie Finn's was a summer replacement variety series for the failed NBC sitcom Mona McCluskey, which had starred Juliet Prowse and Denny Miller on Thursday nights. The variety program was based on the San Diego nightclub of the same name.

The Dapper Dans
The Dapper Dans are an all-male barbershop quartet that performs daily at Disneyland, and Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom, since 1959 and 1971, respectively. They were formerly at Disneyland Paris from 1992 until 1995, and Hong Kong Disneyland from 2005 to 2008. Their act is a street performance out on Main Street, USA, performing a cappella renditions of song selections from films released by Disney Pictures, while during Christmastime, they sing classic holiday songs.
Quader
Quader is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Quader, Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician, former Member of Parliament

Frauke Quader, German-born Hyderabadi environmental activist

GM Quader (born 1948), Bangladeshi politician, chairperson of Jatiya Party

Manzur Quader, Bangladeshi politician, retired major of Bangladesh Army, former Member of Parliament

Obaidul Quader (born 1950), Bangladeshi politician, General Secretary of Bangladesh Awami League

Fazlul Quader Chowdhury (1919–1973), Bengali politician, speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from East Pakistan

Giasuddin Quader Chowdhury, Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician,

Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury (1949–2015), Bangladeshi politician, minister and six-term member of Jatiya Sangsad,

Abdul Quader Molla (1948–2013), Bangladeshi Islamist leader, convicted of war crimes and sentenced to death

Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury
Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury (Bengali: সালাউদ্দিন কাদের চৌধুরী; (13 March 1949 – 22 November 2015) was a Bangladeshi politician and minister, a six-term member of the Jatiya Sangsad, and a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) Standing Committee. He served as a minister in two ministries under the Ershad ministry, and later served as the Adviser on Parliamentary Affairs to Prime Minister Khaleda Zia from 2001 to 2006. He was the son of late Convention Muslim League leader A.K.M. Fazlul Quader Chowdhury.

On 1 October 2013, he was convicted of 9 of 23 charges and sentenced to death by the International Crimes Tribunal of Bangladesh for crimes during the 1971 Bangladesh War of Independence.  However, limitations placed on his defense testimony were called "disturbing" by some observers. He was executed by hanging in Old Dhaka Central Jail on 22 November 2015.
2025 Upper Austria Open – Doubles
Constantin Frantzen and Hendrik Jebens were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Nico Hipfl and Jérôme Kym won the title after defeating Ryan Seggerman and David Stevenson 7–5, 3–6, [10–2] in the final.

Constantin Frantzen
Constantin Frantzen (born 16 March 1998) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 35 achieved on 23 February 2026.

Frantzen has won one ATP Tour doubles title at the 2025 Chengdu Open, with Robin Haase.

He played college tennis at Baylor University.
K. Rajan (politician)
Krishnankutti Rajan (born 26 May 1973) is an Indian politician who has served as the Minister for Revenue and Housing of Kerala since 2021. He previously served as the Chief Whip of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2019 to 2021. He is a Member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly since 2016 representing Ollur.

He is also a member of the Kerala State Executive Committee of Communist Party of India and national secretary of AIYF.

Chief Whip
The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes.
Jamey Marth
Jamey Marth is a molecular and cellular biologist. He is currently on the faculty of the SBP Medical Discovery Institute in La Jolla, California where he is Director of the Immunity and Pathogenesis program.

His research has largely focused on how protein glycosylation contributes to the origins of common diseases and syndromes including diabetes, sepsis, colitis, and autoimmunity.

Colitis
Colitis is swelling or inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Colitis may be acute and self-limited or long-term. It broadly fits into the category of digestive diseases.

In a medical context, the label colitis (without qualification) is used if:

The cause of the inflammation in the colon is undetermined; for example, colitis may be applied to Crohn's disease at a time when the diagnosis is unknown, or

The context is clear; for example, an individual with ulcerative colitis is talking about their disease with a physician who knows the diagnosis.
COVESA
Connected Vehicle Systems Alliance (COVESA), formerly known as GENIVI Alliance is a non-profit automotive industry alliance that develops reference approaches for integrating operating systems and middleware present in connected vehicles and the associated cloud services. The alliance was founded as GENIVI Alliance on March 2, 2009, by BMW Group, Delphi, GM, Intel, Magneti-Marelli, PSA Peugeot Citroen, Visteon, and Wind River Systems. It rebranded as COVESA in October 2021.

Aptiv
Aptiv PLC is an American automotive technology supplier with headquarters in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. Aptiv grew out of the now-defunct American company, Delphi Automotive Systems, which itself was formerly a component of General Motors.
Josh Aldridge
Josh Aldridge (born October 13, 1989) is an American college football coach and former player who is currently the defensive coordinator for South Florida. He played college football at Harding and has previously been a coach at Lindenwood, Ouachita Baptist, West Georgia, Lenoir–Rhyne,Liberty, and Auburn . Aldridge served as the interim head football coach at Liberty for the 2022 Boca Raton Bowl. He will become the defensive coordinator for the South Florida Bulls in 2026.

South Florida Bulls football
The South Florida Bulls football team represents the University of South Florida (USF). The Bulls began playing in 1997, and compete in the American Conference (The American) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) within the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The team currently plays its home games at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida, however the Bulls will host home games at a new $340 million on-campus stadium starting in the 2027 season.
1988–89 FIBA European Champions Cup
The 1988–89 FIBA European Champions Cup was the 32nd season of the European top-tier level professional FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague), which was won by Jugoplastika, after they beat Maccabi Elite Tel Aviv 75-69. The culminating 1989 EuroLeague Final Four was held at Olympiahalle, Munich, West Germany, on 4–6 April 1989. Dino Rađja was named Final Four MVP.

European professional club basketball system
Professional men's basketball clubs in Europe can compete in a number of different competitions, including national leagues, regional (multi-national) leagues, and continental competitions. It is therefore possible for clubs from some countries to take part in several levels of competition in the same season. Clubs usually qualify for European competitions through performance in their national or regional leagues, with the exception of wild cards.
Jean-Claude Vannier
Jean-Claude Vannier  (born 1943) is a French musician, composer and arranger. Vannier has composed music, written lyrics, and produced albums for many singers.

Vannier is regarded as an important musician in his native country; music critic Andy Votel noted his Eastern music influences and named him a pop-culture icon of 1970s France, alongside Serge Gainsbourg and Jane Birkin. He also was the conductor for Marie-France Dufour's song "Un train qui part" in the Eurovision Song Contest 1973.

Marie-France Dufour
Marie-France Dufour or Marie (8 August 1949 – 18 October 1990) was a French singer. She made her hit Soleil in 1971, but she is probably best known for representing Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 in Luxembourg by song "Un train qui part". She was also featured in Les Misérables as Éponine. She died of leukemia at the age of 41 in 1990.
Balanoglossus australiensis
Balanoglossus australiensis is a species of 20 centimetres (7.9 in) long acorn worm in Ptychoderidae family which can be found in Gulf of Carpentaria, New Zealand, Australian cities such as Hawkesbury and Manning as well as Solomon Archipelago and its sea. Their habitat consists of 8–10 inches (200–250 mm) deep sandy burrows where they feed on Ubius species.

Solomon Islands (ecoregion)
The Solomon Islands (archipelago) covers a marine and terrestrial ecoregion (sometimes referred to as the Solomon Archipelago) in the Pacific Ocean. It includes the tropical ocean waters surrounding most of the archipelago (excluding the Santa Cruz Islands, which is a part of the Vanuatu marine ecoregion with the forests being part of the Vanuatu rain forests ecoregion), and includes Bougainville Island and Buka Island of Papua New Guinea and their surrounding waters.

Bougainville is the largest island in the archipelago, while it is geographically part of the Solomon Archipelago, it is politically an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea.

The Solomon Islands rain forests form part of the East Melanesian Islands ecoregion, also known as the Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests, which is a biogeographic region in the Melanesia subregion of Oceania.
Thankerton
Thankerton is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom. It is located between Biggar and Lanark, and situated between Quothquan Law and Tinto (two local hills).

Thankerton's name derives from an early feudal lord called Thancard the Fleming, and means Thancard's enclosure. Ton is Old English for an enclosed settlement, and evolved into the modern English word town. Thancard was probably one of the Flemish knights who accompanied David I to Scotland to claim the Scottish throne and as such was rewarded with grants of land in Scotland.

To the west of Thankerton is a hamlet called Eastend, on the south edge of the Carmichael Estate, whose main house, Eastend House, was used by the Polish Army between August 1940 and May 1941.  A stone in the house, with the Polish eagle on it, commemorates the event.

Biggar, South Lanarkshire
Biggar (Scottish Gaelic: Bigear [ˈpikʲəɾ]) is a town, parish and former burgh in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, in the Southern Uplands near the River Clyde on the A702. The closest neighbouring towns are Lanark, Peebles and Carluke.