hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort Umpqua
Fort Umpqua was a trading post built by the Hudson's Bay Company in the company's Columbia District (or Oregon Country), in what is now the U.S. state of Oregon. It was first established in 1832 and moved and rebuilt in 1836.

Fort Umpqua was first established in 1832 at the confluence of Calapooya Creek and the Umpqua River. In 1836 it was moved and rebuilt on the south bank of the Umpqua River near the mouth of Elk Creek, at present-day Elkton, Oregon. The fort was intended to serve company's fur trade operations along the Umpqua River, Rogue River, and Klamath River.

The United States Exploring Expedition under Charles Wilkes visited Fort Umpqua in 1841.

On November 15, 1851, a fire destroyed Fort Umpqua. In 1854 the post was closed for good.

Charles Wilkes
Charles Wilkes (April 3, 1798 – February 8, 1877) was an American naval officer, ship's captain, and explorer. He led the first United States Exploring Expedition (1838–1842). 
During the American Civil War (1861-1865), he commanded USS San Jacinto during the Trent Affair incident in which he stopped a British Royal Mail ship and forcibly removed two Confederate diplomats, almost leading to war between the United States and United Kingdom.
Hertfordshire County Cricket Club
Hertfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Hertfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Hertfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Balls Park, Hertford and also plays matches around the county at Cricket Field Lane in Bishop's Stortford, Long Marston, Brunton Memorial Ground in Radlett and North Mymms.

County cricket
Inter-county cricket matches have been played since the early 18th century, involving teams that are representative of the historic counties of England and Wales.

Two county championship competitions have existed since the late 19th century at different levels: the County Championship, a first-class competition which involves 18 clubs, of which 17 are English and one is from Wales; and the National Counties Championship, with 19 English clubs and one club representing several Welsh counties.

County clubs have also played limited-overs competitions since the 1960s. The first edition of the Gillette Cup in 1963 was the world's first List A cricket tournament. The Sunday League existed from 1969 to 2009, mostly as a 40-overs-per-side league. The 2003 Twenty20 Cup was the world's first Twenty20 tournament. Currently, the main limited-overs county competitions are the One-Day Cup, Women's One-Day Cup, T20 Blast and Women's T20 Blast.
Treasure (surname)
Treasure is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cyril Treasure (1896–1985), English footballer

Darren Treasure, American sport consultant

David Treasure, Welsh rugby league player

David Treasure (politician) (1943–2018), Australian politician

Frank Treasure (1925–1998), Australian rules footballer

Rachael Treasure (born 1968), Australian journalist and writer

Sisely Treasure, American singer and dancer

Ferdinand Treasure, (born 1939 Jamaican businessman

Sisely Treasure
Sisely Dove Treasure (born November 28, 1982) is an American singer and dancer, notable for the song "All Around the World" released by DreamWorks Records in July 2003 and appearing in Billboard magazine's top 40 dance charts the same year. "Morning Star", another song off the Punk Debutante album, made the top ten on the Billboard dance chart.  In 2008, she became one of three vocalists for the rock group Shiny Toy Guns. In 2011, she released her solo single, "That You Like". On November 28, a preview video of a new single titled "Million Hands" was released on her official YouTube page. She was born in Long Beach, California and currently lives in Los Angeles.
Fateh-110
The Fateh-110 (Persian: فاتح-۱۱۰ "conqueror") is an Iranian solid-fueled surface-to-surface ballistic missile produced by Iran's Aerospace Industries Organization since 2002. It is single-stage, road-mobile and can carry a high-explosive warhead of up to 500 kg. Four different versions, the Fateh-110A, 110B, 110D-1 and Fateh-E Mobin were developed with varying accuracy. The latest version (Fateh-E Mobin), first shown to the public in August 2018 reportedly has a range of 300 km and is reportedly more accurate than previous versions.

The Fateh-110 was reportedly developed from Iran's Zelzal-2 unguided artillery rocket. A version of the Fateh-110 is also license-built in Syria as the M-600. The missile has been used in the Syrian Civil War by Iran and Syria. Its presence in Syria was cited as a reason for the US transferring two Patriot missile defense systems to Turkey in 2012. The Fateh-110 was also among the ballistic missiles Iran supplied Russia during its invasion of Ukraine.

Solid fuel
Solid fuel refers to various forms of solid material that can be burnt to release energy, providing heat and light through the process of combustion. Solid fuels can be contrasted with liquid fuels and gaseous fuels. Common examples of solid fuels include wood, charcoal, peat, coal, hexamine fuel tablets, dry dung, wood pellets, corn, wheat, rice, rye, and other grains. Solid fuels are extensively used in rocketry as solid propellants. Solid fuels have been used throughout human history to create fire and solid fuel is still in widespread use throughout the world in the present day.

Solid fuel from biomass is regarded as a renewable energy source which can contribute to climate change mitigation efforts. Solid fuel from fossil fuels (i.e. coal) is not a renewable energy.
Auxiliary Cruiser Badge
The Auxiliary Cruiser War Badge (German: Kriegsabzeichen für Hilfskreuzer) was a World War II German military decoration awarded to officers and men of the Kriegsmarine for service on Auxiliary Cruisers or the supply ships that supported them for a successful large voyage. The award was instituted on 24 April 1941 by Grand Admiral Erich Raeder.

Erich Raeder
Erich Johann Albert Raeder ([ˈeːʁɪç ˈʁɛːdɐ]; 24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960) was a German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II and was convicted of war crimes after the war. He attained the highest possible naval rank, that of grand admiral, in 1939. Raeder led the Kriegsmarine for the first half of the war; he resigned in January 1943 and was replaced by Karl Dönitz. At the Nuremberg trials he was sentenced to life imprisonment but was released early owing to failing health in 1955.
Heinrich Harries
Heinrich Harries (9 September 1762, Flensburg – 28 September 1802) was a German Protestant pastor from the Duchy of Schleswig, then under Danish sovereignty.

Harries wrote the lyrics for "Heil dir im Siegerkranz" for King Christian VII of Denmark in 1790; the song was later adapted to be the unofficial national anthem of the German Empire.

Harries was born in Flensburg and died in Brügge in Schleswig-Holstein.

His great-grandson was the German chemist Carl Harries.

Christian VII
Christian VII (29 January 1749 – 13 March 1808) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Schleswig and Holstein from 1766 until his death in 1808. He was affected by mental illness and was only nominally king for most of his reign. His royal advisers changed depending on the outcome of power struggles. From 1770 to 1772, his court physician Johann Friedrich Struensee was the de facto ruler of the country and introduced progressive reforms signed into law by the king. Struensee was deposed by a coup in 1772, after which the country was ruled by Christian's stepmother, Queen Dowager Juliane Marie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, his half-brother Hereditary Prince Frederick, and the Danish politician Ove Høegh-Guldberg. From 1784 until Christian VII's death in 1808, Christian's son, later Frederick VI, acted as unofficial prince regent.
Pankratz (surname)
Pankratz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Pankratz, Canadian politician

Helmut Pankratz (born 1937), Canadian politician

Loren Pankratz (born 1940), American psychiatrist, mentalist, magician, author and skeptic

Marcia Pankratz (born 1964), American field hockey player

Marcia Pankratz
Marcia Anne Pankratz (born October 1, 1964) is an American former field hockey forward and head coach for the Michigan Wolverines. Pankratz participated in two Summer Olympics. In 1988 she finished in eighth position with Team USA, in 1996 she claimed the fifth spot. Pankratz had 110 international appearances over the course of her career.
Luminary (Gnosticism)
In Sethian Gnosticism, a luminary is an angel-like being (or heavenly dwelling place in the Apocryphon of John). Four luminaries are typically listed in Sethian Gnostic texts, such as the Secret Book of John, the Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit, and Zostrianos. The luminaries are considered to be emanations of the supreme divine triad consisting of the Father (Invisible Spirit), the Mother (Barbelo), and the Child (Autogenes). Listed from highest to lowest hierarchical order, they are:

Harmozel (or Armozel)

Oroiael

Daveithe (or Daveithai)

Eleleth

Barbelo
Barbēlō (Greek: Βαρβηλώ) refers to the first emanation of God in several forms of Gnostic cosmogony.  Barbēlō is often depicted as a supreme female principle, the single passive antecedent of creation in its manifold. This figure is also variously referred to as 'Mother-Father' (hinting at her apparent androgyny), 'The Triple Androgynous Name', or 'Eternal Aeon'.  So prominent was her place amongst some Gnostics that some schools were designated as Barbeliotae, Barbēlō worshippers or Barbēlō gnostics.
Tom Lancefield
Thomas John Lancefield (born 8 October 1990) is an English former cricketer who played as a left-handed batsman and occasional left-arm medium pace bowler. He was born in Epsom, Surrey.

Lancefield made his debut for Surrey in a List A match against Leicestershire at Grace Road in the 2009 Pro40. The following season he made his first-class debut against the touring Bangladeshis. In the following match he made his County Championship debut against Northamptonshire. In total he played 8 first-class matches during the 2010 season, scoring his maiden half century in the process.

It was in the 2010 season that he made his debut in Twenty20 cricket for Surrey against Somerset. He played four further Twenty20 matches in that season's Friends Provident t20.

On 3 May 2014 Glamorgan signed Lancefield on a one-year contract, but was released at the end of the season.

2010 County Championship
The 2010 County Championship season, known as the LV County Championship for sponsorship reasons, was the 111th County Championship season. It was contested through two divisions: Division One and Division Two. Each team played all the others in their division both home and away. The top two teams from Division Two were promoted to the first division for the 2011 season, while the bottom two sides from Division One were relegated.

Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club won the Championship for the sixth time in their history, the first time since 2005. Essex and Kent were relegated from Division One, having been promoted only the season previous, and the two teams relegated to Division Two at the end of 2009, Sussex and Worcestershire, were promoted back into Division One at the first time of asking.
Aliana, Texas
Aliana is a 2,300-acre (931 ha) planned community in unincorporated Fort Bend County, Texas, United States. It consists of 13 subdivisions and is within the Greater Houston area. All properties in Aliana have a Richmond address. The community is completely served by Fort Bend Independent School District and is located along Grand Parkway.

Fort Bend County, Texas
Fort Bend County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. The county was founded on December 29, 1837, and organized the next year. It is named for a blockhouse at a bend of the Brazos River. The community developed around the fort in early days. The county seat is Richmond. The largest city located entirely within the county borders is Sugar Land. The largest city by population in the county is Houston, but most of Houston's population is located in neighboring Harris County.

Fort Bend County is included in the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 census, its population was 822,779, making it the state's eighth-most populous county, and was estimated to be 958,434 in 2024. In 2017, Forbes ranked it the fifth-fastest growing county in the United States.
Kristian Gislefoss
Kristian Gislefoss (born 13 October 1980) is a Norwegian meteorologist and weather presenter.

He was born on 13 October 1980, in Bergen, the son of meteorologist and weather presenter Kristen Gislefoss. He grew up in Bærum after his family moved there. He took his secondary education at Eikeli Upper Secondary School.

In 2011, he became a prime time weather presenter for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. He resides at Eiksmarka.

Bærum
Bærum (Norwegian: [ˈbæ̂ːrʉm] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a population of 128,760 (2021). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Sandvika. Bærum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. Bærum, particularly its eastern neighbourhoods bordering West End Oslo, is one of Norway's priciest and most fashionable residential areas. The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens.
Denmark at the 2018 Winter Olympics
The Kingdom of Denmark is a sovereign state comprising three constituent countries: Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands that competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 25 February 2018, with 17 competitors in 5 sports. On 9 January 2018, speed skater Elena Møller Rigas was named as the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway
The Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway was the result of the unification of all city and suburban streetcar lines serving Utica, New York, on November 27, 1901. The railway operated city streetcar service (with the acquisition of the Rome City Street Railroad in 1907) as well as a double-track interurban railway between Rome and Little Falls via Utica. The Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway was merged into New York State Railways in 1912. At its peak, the Utica Lines consisted of 17 transit routes operated with more than 100 cars. The line ceased operation in 1933, except for the section between Utica and Whitesboro that survived until 1938. The last city streetcars operated on May 31, 1941. The remaining transit routes were operated with buses and the franchise would be reorganized as the Utica Transit Corporation in 1948.

Little Falls, New York
Little Falls is a city in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 4,605 at the time of the 2020 census, which is the second-smallest city population in the state, ahead of only the city of Sherrill. The city is built on both sides of the Mohawk River, at a point at which rapids had impeded travel upriver. Transportation through the valley was improved by construction of the Erie Canal, completed in 1825 and connecting the Great Lakes with the Hudson River.

The city is located at the northeastern corner of the town of Little Falls and is east of Utica.

Little Falls has a picturesque location on the slope of a narrow and rocky defile, through which the Mohawk River falls 45 feet (14 m) in less than a mile (1.6 km), forming a number of cascades.
Markus Baur
Markus Baur (born 22 January 1971) is a German handball coach and former player.

Born in Meersburg, he is a member of the Germany national team since 1994, making his debut against Morocco on 4 August in Balingen. The German handball player of the years 2000 and 2002, he won the 2004 European Men's Handball Championship and the 2007 World Men's Handball Championship. As of January 2007, he has made 200 international matches with 615 goals.

In the Bundesliga Baur played for SG Wallau-Massenheim from 1993 to 1997, between 1997 and 1998 for TV Niederwürzbach and from 1998 to 2001 for HSG Wetzlar. Since 2001, he plays for TBV Lemgo, winning the National Championship of Germany with his team in 2003 and the EHF Cup in 2006. In 1994 and 2002, he has also won the DHB-Pokal.

Balingen
Balingen (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːlɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Balenga) is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, capital of the district of Zollernalbkreis. It is located near the Swabian Jura, approximately 35 km to the south of Tübingen, 35 km northeast of Villingen-Schwenningen, and 70 km south southwest of Stuttgart.

Balingen is the second largest town in the Zollernalb district after Albstadt. It is a medium-sized center for the surrounding municipalities and was named a large district town in 1974. The town of Balingen has undergone dynamic development since 1945. The town, officially designated a  "Große Kreisstadt" (large district town) since January 1, 1974, has entered into an administrative partnership with the neighboring town of Geislingen.

Balingen is home to the Bizerba and Ideal companies.
Fred D. Robinson Jr.
Major General Fred "Doug" Robinson Jr. a native of Bolivar, Tennessee, was commissioned a second lieutenant in the United States Army from the University of Tennessee. As of 2007, he was commanding general of Army Research, Development and Engineering Command in the United States Army.

United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command
The Combat Capabilities Development Command, (DEVCOM, aka CCDC) (formerly the United States Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command (RDECOM)) is a subordinate command of the Transformation and Training Command. RDECOM was tasked with "creating, integrating, and delivering technology-enabled solutions" to the U.S. Army. It is headquartered at Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland.
Lolly Borg
Emmanuel Borg, better known as Lolly Borg (23 October 1931 – 10 October 2020), was a Maltese football player and manager.

He was the cousin of Lolly Debattista, another famous Maltese player, and he is currently regarded as one of the most representative players of Maltese football, as a one-club man he spent his whole career playing as a forward for Floriana.

Football in Malta
Football in Malta is run by the Malta Football Association. Association football is the most popular sport in Malta. The sport was introduced to Malta during British rule in the mid-19th century. The sport at the time was new to England, and was used as a means of entertainment for the soldiers stationed in Malta at the various barracks around Malta at the time. In 1863 a football association was formed which governed rules and regulations for this quickly changing sport, which was still in amateur competition stage and played in an un-scheduled format until 1909 when a league format was introduced.

The association runs the men's national football team, the women's national team, as well as administering the semi-professional Maltese Premier League, Maltese Women's League and the respective cups for club sides.
Terni railway station
Terni railway station (Italian: Stazione di Terni) serves the town and comune of Terni, in the region of Umbria, central Italy.  Opened in 1866, it forms part of the Ancona–Orte railway, and is also a junction station for two secondary lines, the Terni–Sulmona railway and the Terni–Sansepolcro railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by or on behalf of Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Regional train services on the Terni–Sansepolcro railway are operated by Ferrovia Centrale Umbra, which sub-contracts on behalf of Trenitalia.

Rome–Ancona railway
The Rome–Ancona railway (or Ancona–Orte railway) is a rail line in central Italy connecting the city of Ancona with Orte, and therefore with the capital city, Rome. 
The line crosses the Apennine Mountains from the Adriatic Sea to the Tyrrhenian Sea, passing through Foligno, Spoleto, and Terni.
1910 Surigao's at-large Philippine Assembly district special election
A special election (known elsewhere as "by-elections") for the seat of Surigao's at-large district in the Philippine Assembly, the lower house of the Philippine Legislature of the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, was held on October 14, 1910. This was triggered due to the death of the incumbent Manuel Gavieres. Governor-General William Cameron Forbes ordered the election to take place. Inocencio Cortes won the special election, retaining Nacionalista Party's control over the seat.

Nacionalista Party
The Nacionalista Party (Filipino and Spanish: Partido Nacionalista; lit. 'Nationalist Party,' NP) is a political party in the Philippines that is the oldest existing party in the country and in Southeast Asia. It was responsible for leading the country throughout most of the 20th century since its founding in 1907; it was the ruling party from 1935 to 1946 (under Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña), 1953 to 1961 (under Ramon Magsaysay and Carlos P. Garcia), and 1965 to 1978 (under Ferdinand Marcos), and also was one of the two dominant political parties (along with the Liberal Party) throughout the existence of the Third Republic.
Qingdao–Jinan railway
The Qingdao–Jinan railway or Jiaoji Railway (simplified Chinese: 胶济铁路; traditional Chinese: 膠濟鐵路; pinyin: Jiāojì Tiělù, formerly the Shantung Railway)  is a railway in Shandong Province, China. The railway is 393 kilometres (244 mi) in length and connects Qingdao, on the Jiaozhou Bay, and Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong.  Adolph von Hansemann and other German financiers funded construction of the railway, then known as Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft (Shantung Railway Company), which began September 23, 1899, and was completed in 1904. Since the quadruple tracking of this corridor with the opening of the parallel Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway, the line is mostly used for freight with some conventional passenger services.

Jiaozhou Bay
36°7′24.44″N 120°14′44.3″E﻿ / ﻿36.1234556°N 120.245639°E﻿ / 36.1234556; 120.245639

Jiaozhou Bay (simplified Chinese: 胶州湾; traditional Chinese: 膠州灣; pinyin: Jiāozhōu Wān; German: Kiautschou Bucht) is a bay located in the prefecture-level city of Qingdao (Tsingtau), Shandong Province, China.

The bay has historically been romanized as Kiaochow, Kiauchau or Kiao-Chau in English and Kiautschou in German.