hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas James Shearman
Douglas James Shearman (2 July 1918, Isleworth, Middlesex – 12 May 2003, Cassington, Oxfordshire) was a British geologist and sedimentologist, who made significant contributions to the study of evaporites and other sediments and sedimentary rocks in desert climates.
 His research on evaporites is important for understanding the entrapment and migration of petroleum.

Ikaite
Ikaite is the mineral name for the hexahydrate of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·6H2O. Ikaite tends to form very steep or spiky pyramidal crystals, often radially arranged, of varied sizes from thumbnail size aggregates to gigantic salient spurs. It is only found in a metastable state and decomposes rapidly by losing most of its water content once removed from near-freezing water. This "melting mineral" is more commonly known through its pseudomorphs.
Schuhmann
Schuhmann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernd Schuhmann (born 1964), German politician

Carl Schuhmann (1869-1946), German athlete

Emil Schuhmann German accordionist

Heiner Schuhmann (born 1948), German footballer

Walter Schuhmann (1898-1956), German politician

Winfried Otto Schumann (1888-1974), German physicist

Heiner Schuhmann
Heiner Schuhmann (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪnɐ ˈʃuːman]; born 4 November 1948) is a retired German football player and coach best known for his time at FC Augsburg. He served the club as a player and coach in the first team on five occasions but had his greatest success as a youth coordinator with the club. In the later position he also worked at Bayern Munich.
Penal Reform International
Penal Reform International (commonly known as PRI), founded in London in 1989, is an international nongovernmental organization working on penal and criminal justice reform worldwide. It is a Dutch Association.

Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.

In modern times, the idea of making living spaces safe and clean has extended from the civilian population to include prisons, based on ethical grounds. It is recognized that unsafe and unsanitary prisons violate constitutional prohibitions against cruel and unusual punishment. In recent times prison reform ideas include greater access to legal counsel and family, conjugal visits, proactive security against violence, and implementing house arrest with assistive technology.
James Makumbi
James Makumbi (12 September 1942 – 8 January 2018) was a Ugandan physician and politician.

He held a longtime post at the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Kampala, before he was named Minister of Health. In February 1995, during his tenure as health minister, Makumbi was kidnapped by the Federal Democratic Alliance forces and released after three days. Makumbi then represented Baale in the Parliament until 2001, when he was defeated by Sulaiman Madada. The Uganda People's Defence Force then named Makumbi one of its ten representatives in eighth parliament, in office between 2006 and 2011. He died on 8 January 2018, at a hospital in Kayunga.

Sulaiman Madada
Sulaiman Kyebakoze Madada is a Ugandan journalist and politician. He is the State Minister for the Elderly and the Disabled in the Ugandan Cabinet. He was appointed to that position on 1 June 2006. In the cabinet reshuffle of 16 February 2009, and that of 27 May 2011, he retained his cabinet post. He is also the elected Member of Parliament, representing Bbaale County, Kayunga District. He has represented that constituency continuously since 2001.
Palmwoods-Buderim Tramway
The Palmwoods-Buderim Tramway is a heritage-listed former tramway at Telco Road, Buderim, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1914 and operated until 1935. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 July 2000.

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
Farewell to Tarwathie
"Farewell to Tarwathie" (Irish: Fareweel Tae Tarwathie; Roud number 2562) is a folk song written by George Scroggie in Aberdeenshire, Scotland around 1850. The piece is part of the collection The Peasant's Lyre, preserved in the Library of Congress, published in 1857 in Aberdeen, in which the poem Farewell to Tarwathie appears with 16 stanzas.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Sun Princess (horse)
Sun Princess (1980–2001) was an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. In a career which lasted from September 1982 until October 1984, she ran ten  times and won three races. She recorded all her successes at Group One level when a three-year-old in 1983: the Classic Epsom Oaks by a record margin of twelve lengths; the Yorkshire Oaks against other fillies; the St Leger against colts. In the same season she was placed in Europe's two most prestigious all-aged races, finishing third in the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes and second in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Sun Princess raced without winning in 1984 before she was retired to stud, where she became the dam of several winners including the Dewhurst Stakes winner Prince of Dance.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Social media in the Russo-Ukrainian war
Social media has played a prominent role during the Russo-Ukrainian War, and especially the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. It has made the war one of the most "meticulously documented" in recent history.

Open-source intelligence
Open-source intelligence (OSINT) is the collection and analysis of data gathered from open sources (overt sources and publicly available information) to produce actionable intelligence. OSINT is primarily used in national security, law enforcement, and business intelligence functions and is of value to analysts who use non-sensitive intelligence in answering classified, unclassified, or proprietary intelligence requirements across the previous intelligence disciplines.
John M. and Lillian Sommerer House
John M. and Lillian Sommerer House is a historic home located in Jefferson City, Cole County, Missouri. It was built in 1929, and is a 2+1⁄2-story Italian Renaissance style yellow brick dwelling. It has a low hipped clay tile roof with overhanging eaves.  It features a one-story front porch and porte cochere.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Cole County, Missouri
Cole County is located in the central part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 77,279. Its county seat and largest city is Jefferson City, the state capital. The county was organized November 16, 1820, and named after pioneer William Temple Cole who built Cole's Fort in Boonville.

Cole County is in the Jefferson City, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is south of the Missouri River.

In 2010, the center of the population of Missouri was in Cole County, near the village of Wardsville.
Ford Festival
Ford Festival, also known as The James Melton Show, is an hour-long television show, sponsored by Ford Motor Company, hosted by James Melton, and broadcast on NBC Television beginning on April 5, 1951. The final show was aired June 26, 1952. This show was replaced by another Ford-sponsored NBC show, Ford Television Theatre, from October 1952 to September 1956.

The initial premise of the program was that each episode had a plot that tied together performances by Melton and other performers, including singer Dorothy Warenskjold, comedienne Vera Vague, and comedic singers the Wiere Brothers. Effective June 7, 1951, the format changed to a traditional revue. The Wiere Brothers were dropped, and Billy Barty joined the group.

The show aired:

April 5, 1951 – December 27, 1951, Thursdays 9:00-10:00 p.m. ET

January 3, 1952 – June 26, 1952, Thursdays 9:30-10:30 p.m. ET

Wiere Brothers
Harry Wiere (23 June 1906 in Berlin, German Empire – 15 January 1992), Herbert Wiere (27 February 1908 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary – 5 August 1999), and Sylvester Wiere (17 September 1909 in Prague, Austria-Hungary – 7 July 1970), known collectively as the Wiere Brothers or the Three Wiere Brothers, were a comedy team who appeared in 1930s and 1940s films, and as live performers from the 1920s to the late 1960s.
Icarus's Mother
Icarus' Mother is a one-act play by Sam Shepard.

It was first staged at the Caffe Cino in 1965, directed by Michael Smith, a drama critic, with a cast that included John Coe, a veteran of the Living Theatre. It was included in the first published collection of Shepard's play scripts, entitled Five Plays (1966).

Caffe Cino
Caffe Cino was an Off-Off-Broadway theater founded in 1958 by Joe Cino. The West Village coffeehouse, located at 31 Cornelia Street, was initially conceived as a venue for poetry, folk music, and visual art exhibitions. The plays produced at the Cino, however, became most prominent, and it is now considered the "birthplace of Off-Off-Broadway".

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 2017.
Tereasa Brainerd
Tereasa Gail Brainerd (born 1964) is an American astronomer whose interests include galaxy clusters, satellite galaxies, and gravitational lensing. Educated in Canada and the US, she works in the US as a professor of astronomy at Boston University.

Gravitational lens
A gravitational lens is matter, such as a cluster of galaxies or a point particle, that bends light from a distant source as it travels toward an observer. The amount of gravitational lensing is described by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. If light is treated as corpuscles travelling at the speed of light, Newtonian physics also predicts the bending of light, but only half of that predicted by general relativity.

Orest Khvolson (1924) and Frantisek Link (1936) are generally credited with being the first to discuss the effect in print, but it is more commonly associated with Einstein, who made unpublished calculations on it in 1912 and published an article on the subject in 1936.

In 1937, Fritz Zwicky posited that galaxy clusters could act as gravitational lenses, a claim confirmed in 1979 by observation of the Twin QSO SBS 0957+561.
Aristolochia preussii
Aristolochia preussii is a species of plant in the family Aristolochiaceae. It is native to Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Ivory Coast. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It was assessed as "critically endangered" and threatened by habitat loss in the 2000 IUCN Red List, where it is said to be native only to Cameroon., Plants of the World Online gives it a wider distribution.

Aristolochiaceae
The Aristolochiaceae (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkiəsii/) are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with eight genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is Aristolochia L.
Kanchanaphisek
Kanchanaphisek (Thai: กาญจนาภิเษก, from Sanskrit: kāñcana 'gold' + abhiṣeka 'anointment') is the Thai term for 'golden jubilee', used for the celebrations of the Golden Jubilee of Bhumibol Adulyadej in 1996.

Structures and places named Kanchanaphisek as part of the celebrations include:

Kanchanaphisek Road, the outer ring road of Bangkok

Kanchanaphisek Bridge, the road's crossing over the Chao Phraya River

Kanchanaphisek National Museum, one of the national museums of Thailand

Kanchanaphisek Bridge
The Kanchanaphisek Bridge (Thai: สะพานกาญจนาภิเษก) is a cable stayed bridge crossing the Chao Phraya river in Samut Prakan Province, Thailand. It is part of the Outer Ring Road encircling Bangkok. The bridge was opened to traffic on 15 November 2007 and has a main span of 500 meters. the bridge's name was bestowed by King Bhumibol Adulyadej following the Golden Jubilee celebrations, 'Kanchanaphisek Road', meaning 'Golden Jubilee Bridge'. The bridge is 52 meters above sea level to allow cargo vessels to enter and exit. The bridge is the first bridge in Samut Prakan Province across the Chao Phraya River that connects Phra Pradaeng District on the east and west side.

The bridge was designed by Parsons Brinckerhoff. The bridge is part of the Kanchanaphisek Expressway, There is a toll for its use.
Salzburger AK 1914
Salzburger AK 1914 is a football club based in the city of Salzburg, Austria who currently plays in the 3rd tier Regionalliga Salzburg. It was founded in 1914 and is the oldest football club from that city.

Adolf Laudon
Adolf Laudon (13 December 1912 – 22 November 1984) was an Austrian association football player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Austrian team, which won the silver medal in the football tournament. He played all four matches as forward and scored one goal.
Guðmundur Guðmundsson (handballer)
Guðmundur Þórður Guðmundsson (born 23 December 1960) is an Icelandic handball coach and former player. In 2016, he guided Denmark men's team to gold in the 2016 Olympics. In 2008, he won silver with the Icelandic men's national team at the 2008 Olympic games in China.

As a player, he won the Icelandic championship six times and the Icelandic cup four times with Víkingur Reykjavík. Guðmundur also played for the Icelandic national team for a decade, participating in two Olympics and two IHF World Handball Championship.

IHF World Men's Handball Championship
The IHF Men's Handball World Championship has been organized indoor by the International Handball Federation since 1938.

In the twenty-nine tournaments held, twelve national teams have won the title. France is the most successful team with six titles, followed by Sweden, Denmark and Romania with four titles each.

The current champion is Denmark, which won its fourth consecutive title at the 2025 tournament in Croatia, Denmark and Norway.
Kutty (surname)
Kutty is a word in Tamil which means 'child' or 'baby'. In Tamil, the word is often used as a suffix, and not used as a surname. The word is also used as a pet name to show endearment to young kids or a woman.
In Malayalam, the word is a common surname. Notable people bearing the surname include:

Ahmad Kutty, North American Islamic scholar

Asha Kelunni Kutty (born 1966), or Revathi, Indian actress and film director

B. M. Kutty (1930–2019), Pakistani journalist

Faisal Kutty, Canadian lawyer, writer and human rights activist

Lola Kutty, or Anuradha Menon, Indian television actress and theatre artist

Muhammad Kutty (born 1953), or Mammootty, Indian film actor and producer

Paloli Mohammed Kutty (born 1931), Indian politician

Rosa Kutty (born 1964), former Indian woman athlete

V. K. Madhavan Kutty (1934–2005), Indian journalist

Veloor Krishnan Kutty (1936–2003), Indian satirist

Ahmad Kutty
Ahmad Kutty (born 1946 in Valanchery, Kerala, India), is a North American Islamic scholar. He is currently senior resident Islamic scholar at the Islamic Institute of Toronto and has taught at Emanuel College of the University of Toronto as an adjunct instructor. He is the father of Faisal Kutty.
Calliopsis
Calliopsis is the generic name of two groups of organisms. It can refer to:

Coreopsis section Calliopsis, a group of plants in a genus of the family Asteraceae

Calliopsis (bee), a genus of mining bees

Andrenidae
The Andrenidae (commonly known as mining bees) are a large, nearly cosmopolitan family of solitary, ground-nesting bees. Most of the family's diversity is located in temperate or arid areas (warm temperate xeric). It includes some enormous genera (e.g., Andrena with over 1300 species, and Perdita with over 700). One of the subfamilies, Oxaeinae, is so different in appearance that they were typically accorded family status, but careful phylogenetic analysis reveals them to be an offshoot within the Andrenidae, very close to the Andreninae.
Rock Island 2002
Rock Island was the first revived Isle of Wight Festival to take place on the Seaclose Park site in Newport on the Isle of Wight. It was a one-day event held on 3 June 2002. The event had a capacity of 22,000, however only around 8 to 10,000 attended. Local band Neglected Youth won the right to open the concert in a recent talent contest, a tradition that would be continued throughout subsequent years of the festival. Limited camping facilities were also made available on fields nearby.

It is notable that this Festival took place on the same day as the Party at the Palace.

Newport, Isle of Wight
Newport is the county town of the Isle of Wight, an island county off the south coast of England. The town is slightly north of the centre of the island, located in the civil parish of Newport and Carisbrooke. It has a quay at the head of the navigable section of the River Medina, which flows northwards to Cowes and the Solent. The 2021 census recorded a population of 25,407.
Sayew
Sayew (Thai: สยิว, also Spasm or X-Rated Sex Story: Fact or Fiction) is a 2003 Thai romantic comedy film about a naive female college student who works as a writer of erotic stories for a pornographic magazine.

2003 in film
2003 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, a list of country- and genre- specific lists of films released, notable deaths and film debuts.
California News Publishers Association
The California News Publishers Association (CNPA) is a nonprofit trade association founded in 1888 that represents the daily, weekly, monthly, and campus newspapers of California. Its diverse membership consists of over 700 newspapers that elect 35 individuals to its governing board of directors. CNPA's mission statement reads:

To champion the ideals of a free press in our democratic society, and to promote the quality and economic health of California newspapers.

The association influences legislation on behalf of free speech in Sacramento, sponsors an annual newspaper contest and convention, and offers seminars on media law, production, writing and editing, advertising, and circulation.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Spring Garden station (SEPTA Metro)
Spring Garden station is a rapid transit station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, serving SEPTA Metro L trains. It is located on Spring Garden Street between 2nd and Front streets in the Northern Liberties neighborhood. It is the westernmost station of the Frankford Elevated section of the line and the last westbound station before trains enter Center City Philadelphia.

Though the station's official address is on North Front Street, it is actually located in the median of the Delaware Expressway (Interstate 95) over Spring Garden Street, just north of the highway's interchange with the Vine Street Expressway (Interstate 676). The station is also served by two SEPTA City Bus routes, the 25 and 43.

SEPTA Metro
SEPTA Metro is an urban rail transit network in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The network includes two rapid transit lines, a light rail system with five branches, a streetcar line, a light rail line with two services, and an interurban/light metro line, totaling 78 miles (126 km) of rail service.

Although some of Philadelphia's transit lines date to the 19th century and the SEPTA agency began operations in 1965, the transit network itself had no formal name until 2024, when it was named "SEPTA Metro" as part of an effort to make the system easier to navigate. The effort replaced each line's name with a single letter, plus a number to denote various service patterns.
Wesley Pomeroy
Wesley A.C. Pomeroy (January 1, 1920 – May 4, 1998) was an American lawyer, Assistant U.S. Attorney General, federal coordinator for the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, assistant director of the DEA, and founding member of various humanitarian and policy-making organizations.

American Psychiatric Association
38°52′47″N 77°01′30″W﻿ / ﻿38.879713°N 77.025061°W﻿ / 38.879713; -77.025061

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are involved in psychiatric practice, research, and academia representing a diverse population of patients in more than 100 countries. The association publishes various journals and pamphlets, as well as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM codifies psychiatric conditions and is used mostly in the United States as a guide for diagnosing mental disorders.

The organization has its headquarters in Washington, D.C.
Roy Hilligenn
Roy Stanley Hilligenn (November 15, 1922 – August 3, 2008) was an American bodybuilder who was awarded the title of Mr. South Africa for four years, as well as AAU Mr. America in 1951. Famous for his strength, vegetarianism, and smile, Hilligenn mixed bodybuilding and weight training in his fitness programs. He appeared on famous magazine covers such as Strength & Health and Iron Man during his bodybuilding career. Standing at only 5 ft 6 in (168 cm), Hilligenn was the shortest person to ever win the Mr. America title.

Strength & Health
Strength & Health was a bodybuilding/fitness/Olympic weightlifting magazine, one of the earliest magazines devoted to fitness and bodybuilding. Until the late 1960s, it was the most popular weightlifting magazine in the United States.