hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
D&I Railroad
The D&I Railroad (DAIR) (also nicknamed the Dakota and Iowa Railroad) is a Class III shortline railroad which is a wholly owned subsidiary of L. G. Everist, Inc. The line hauls ethanol, dried distillers grains (DDG), corn oil, plastic pellets, cement, sand, gravel, and Sioux Quartzite, which is mined from two large quarries in Dell Rapids.

The D&I has a trackage rights agreement with BNSF that allows it to travel on three BNSF subdivisions to deliver and sell products, as they must use BNSF’s system to reach their southern half of their trackage. The D&I operates on both former Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad and Chicago and Northwestern Railroad trackage, which were handed over to the state of South Dakota in 1980-1981 after the Milwaukee Road’s bankruptcy and subsequent abandonment of unprofitable lines.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Lee Ayres
Lee Terence Ayres (born 28 August 1982) is a professional English footballer who last played for Worcester City. He previously spent time at Kidderminster Harriers, Burton Albion and Forest Green Rovers.

Redditch United F.C.
Redditch United Football Club is an English football club based in Redditch, Worcestershire. The club participates in the Southern League Premier Division Central and play their home games at the Valley Stadium.
Jan Palouš
Jan Leopold Alois "Koza" Palouš (25 October 1888 – 25 September 1971) was a Czechoslovak ice hockey player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Winter Olympics. He was born in Budweis, Kingdom of Bohemia, Austria-Hungary and died in Prague, Czechoslovakia.

He was a member of the Czechoslovak ice hockey team which won the bronze medal in 1920. Four years later he also participated in the first Winter Olympic ice hockey tournament.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Heavy metal music before 1970
Since the dawn of rock music in the 1950s and continuing through the 1960s, various artists pushed the boundaries of the genre to emphasize speed, aggression, volume, theatricality, and other elements that became staples of the heavy metal style. In the late 1960s, this experimentation coalesced into various rock subgenres like hard rock, acid rock, psychedelic rock, power pop, shock rock, boogie rock, garage rock, and blues rock which were all influential in the development of heavy metal. These albums would later be retroactively categorised as proto-metal.

Shock rock
Shock rock (also known as horror rock) is a subgenre of rock music which primarily focuses on highly theatrical live performances emphasizing shock value. The term was originally coined in December 1966 by journalist Robert Shelton to describe Frank Zappa and his group the Mothers of Invention. However, the phrase was later popularized during the late 1960s and early 1970s to refer to acts such as Arthur Brown, Alice Cooper and Iggy Pop. Artists such as Screamin' Jay Hawkins and Screaming Lord Sutch were later regarded as precursors and influences to the genre. By the 1990s and 2000s, "shock rock" was used as a term to describe Marilyn Manson.

Performances may include violent or provocative behavior from the artists, the use of attention-grabbing imagery such as costumes, masks, or face paint, or special effects such as pyrotechnics or fake blood. Shock rock also often includes elements of horror.
St Mary's Chapel, Lead
St Mary's Church, Lead, is a redundant Anglican chapel standing in an isolated position in fields in the civil parish of Lead, some 0.75 miles (1.2 km) to the west of the village of Saxton, North Yorkshire, England. Though technically a chapel, it is generally referred to as a church.  It is managed by The Churches Conservation Trust, and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.  The chapel stands close to the site of the Battle of Towton of 1461, which was part of the Wars of the Roses.  In the 1930s it was saved from neglect by a local group of ramblers, and is known locally as the Ramblers' Church.

Saxton, North Yorkshire
Saxton is a village in the civil parish of Saxton with Scarthingwell, in North Yorkshire, England, 14 miles (23 km) south-west of York and 12 miles (19 km) east of Leeds.  The resident population is about 250. The closest town is Tadcaster.

Saxton is home to an Anglican church, a primary school, a village hall, the Greyhound public house which is owned and operated by Samuel Smith Old Brewery and a cricket club.
Aslam Jairajpuri
Aslam Jairajpuri (Urdu:علامہ اسلم جیراجپوری) was a scholar of Qur'an, Hadith, and Islamic history who is best known for his books Talimat-e-Qur'an and Tarikh-ul-Qur'an. He was Distinguished Professor of Arabic and Persian at Aligarh Muslim University and Jamia Millia Islamia. He was born on 27 January 1882 in Jairajpur, Azamgarh, in Uttar Pradesh, India, and died on 28 December 1955 in Delhi.

Azamgarh
Azamgarh is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Azamgarh division, which consists of Ballia, Mau and Azamgarh districts. Azamgarh is situated on the bank of Tamsa River (Tons). It is located 268 km (167 mi) east of the state capital Lucknow and 809 km from the national capital, Delhi.
Bradwell Lodge
Bradwell Lodge is a country house in the village of Bradwell-on-Sea, on the Dengie Peninsula in Essex, England. Originally a Tudor rectory, in the 18th century the house was purchased by the Reverend Sir Henry Bate Dudley. Bate Dudley engaged John Johnson, Surveyor of the County of Essex, to build a large Neoclassical extension. In the 20th century, the lodge was the home of the local MP, Tom Driberg. Bradwell remains a private residence. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Dengie Peninsula
51°44′N 0°56′E﻿ / ﻿51.733°N 0.933°E﻿ / 51.733; 0.933
Dengie (pronounced with a soft 'g') is a peninsula in Essex, England, that once formed a hundred of the same name (sometimes spelled Dengy).

The peninsula is formed by the River Crouch to the south, the Blackwater to the north, both of which are tidal, and the North Sea to the east. The eastern part of the peninsula is marshy and forms the Dengie Marshes.

The western boundary of Dengie hundred ran from North Fambridge to a bit west of Maldon.  The peninsula forms about half of the Maldon local government district.

Places on the peninsula are:

Althorne

Asheldham

Bradwell-on-Sea

Bradwell Waterside

Burnham-on-Crouch

Cold Norton

Creeksea

Dengie (village)

Hazeleigh

Langford

Latchingdon

Maldon

Mayland

Maylandsea

Mundon

North Fambridge

Ostend

Purleigh

Ramsey Island

Snoreham

Southminster

Steeple

Stow Maries

St Lawrence Bay

Tillingham

Woodham Mortimer

Woodham Walter
2026 BWF Para-Badminton World Championships
The 2026 BWF Para-Badminton World Championships (Arabic: بطولة العالم للريشة الطائرة لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة 2026) was the 15th edition of the BWF Para-Badminton World Championships, organised by the Badminton World Federation. It wa helds from 8 to 14 February 2026 in Manama, Bahrain.

Nithya Sre Sivan
Nithya Sre Sumathy Sivan (born 7 January 2005) is an Indian para-badminton player who plays in the SH6 category (athletes having achondroplasia and short stature). She represented India at the 2024 Summer Paralympics, where she won the bronze medal in the women's singles SH6 event. Sivan has also won medals in the Para World Championships, the Asian Para Championships, and the Asian Para Games respectively.
TRANUS
TRANUS is an integrated land use and transport modeling system. It is used to simulate and provide analysis in guiding public policies directed towards transportation, urban, and regional planning. TRANUS has been applied to a large number of cities and regions throughout the world, seeing use within Latin America, the United States, Europe and Asia. The modeling system is developed and maintained by Modelistica, a Venezuelan group. Development of the system began in 1982, with the first practical applications starting in 1985. TRANUS is free software under the Creative Commons BY-SA 2.0 license. The theory supporting the model is described in Tomas de la Barra's book Integrated Land Use and Transport Modelling: Decision Chains and Hierarchies.

Transportation planning
Transportation planning is the process of defining future policies, goals, investments, and spatial planning designs to prepare for future needs to move people and goods to destinations. As practiced today, it is a collaborative process that incorporates the input of many stakeholders including various government agencies, the public and private businesses. Transportation planners apply a multi-modal and/or comprehensive approach to analyzing the wide range of alternatives and impacts on the transportation system to influence beneficial outcomes.

Transportation planning is also commonly referred to as transport planning internationally, and is involved with the evaluation, assessment, design, and siting of transport facilities (generally streets, highways, bike lanes, and public transport lines).
2016 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
The 2016 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour was the thirty-second season of the Whelen Modified Tour (WMT). It began with the Icebreaker 150 at Thompson Speedway Motorsports Park on April 10 and concluded with the Sunoco World Series 150 at the same venue on October 16. Doug Coby entered the season as the defending Drivers' Champion and he won the championship for the fourth time, twelve points in front of Justin Bonsignore.

Melissa Fifield, the only female driver to compete in the series in 2016, was voted by the fans as the most popular driver for the third consecutive year.

Ryan Preece
Ryan Jeffrey Preece (born October 25, 1990) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 60 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for RFK Racing.

Preece has previously competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, ARCA Menards Series East, and the ARCA Menards Series West.

He is also a veteran of the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour and won the series championship in 2013 after being the runner-up in 2009 and 2012. Preece also made multiple starts in the defunct NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour.
Critical social work
Critical social work is the application to social work of a critical theory perspective. Critical social work seeks to address social injustices, as opposed to focusing on individualized issues. Critical theories explain social problems as arising from various forms of oppression and injustice in globalized capitalist societies and forms of neoliberal governance.
This approach to social work theory is formed by a polyglot of theories from across the humanities and social sciences, borrowing from various schools of thought, including anarchism, anti-capitalism, anti-racism, Marxism, feminism, biopolitics, and social democracy.

Anti-capitalism
Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. Anti-capitalists seek to combat the worst effects of capitalism and to eventually replace capitalism with  alternative economic systems such as socialism and communism.
1937 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1937.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Feelin' You (Bright song)
"Feelin' You" is the fifth single by dance vocal band Bright, released under Rhythm Zone. The title track "Feelin' You" is a summer pop song. The song "Still..." is written by Megumi making it the first song written by a member of the group. "Dream Girls" is a cover of the well-known theme song for the musical and movie Dreamgirls.

Dreamgirls
Dreamgirls is a Broadway musical, with music by Henry Krieger and lyrics and book by Tom Eyen. It is based on the show business aspirations and successes of R&B acts such as The Shirelles, James Brown, Jackie Wilson, and others, and particularly The Supremes, as the musical follows the story of a young Black female singing trio from Chicago, Illinois  called "The Dreams", who become music superstars.

Staged with a mostly African-American cast and originally starring Jennifer Holliday, Sheryl Lee Ralph, Loretta Devine, Ben Harney, Cleavant Derricks, Vondie Curtis-Hall, and Obba Babatundé, the musical opened on December 20, 1981, at the Imperial Theatre on Broadway. The musical  was then nominated for 13 Tony Awards, including the Tony Award for Best Musical, and won six. It was later adapted into a motion picture from DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures in 2006, starring Jamie Foxx, Beyoncé, Eddie Murphy, Jennifer Hudson, Danny Glover, Anika Noni Rose, and Keith Robinson.
Chak-Chak
Chak-chak (/tʃækˈtʃæk/) is a popular fried dough food in Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and other parts of Central Asia.

Chak-chak is made from unleavened dough cut and rolled into hazelnut-sized balls, which are then deep-fried in oil. Optionally, hazelnuts or dried fruit (e.g. apricots and raisins) are added to the mixture. The fried balls are stacked in a mound in a special mold and drenched with hot honey. After cooling and hardening, chak-chak may optionally be decorated with hazelnuts and dried fruits.

Traditional wedding chak-chak is larger and is often covered with candies and dragées. The biggest chak-chak weighed 4,026.4 kilograms (8,877 lb) and was prepared on 14 June 2018 during start of the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Kazan.

Apricot
An apricot (US: /ˈæprɪkɒt/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈeɪprɪkɒt/ ⓘ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus. Usually an apricot is from the species Prunus armeniaca, but the fruits of the other species in Prunus sect. Armeniaca are also called apricots. In 2023, world production of apricots was 3.7 million tonnes, led by Turkey with 20% of the total.

Prunus armeniaca was domesticated in ancient times in Central Asia and China. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia. Cultivation of the tree then spread across Eurasia and to North Africa and Japan. The fruit is consumed both fresh and dried. Apricots are used in dishes including cakes, tarts, and jam, and in savoury dishes, for example in stuffing. In Austria, they are the basis of Marillenknödel, sweet apricot dumplings.
Subterranean Press
Subterranean Press is a small press publisher in Burton, Michigan. Subterranean is best known for publishing genre fiction, primarily horror, suspense and dark mystery, fantasy, and science fiction. In addition to publishing novels, short story collections and chapbooks, Subterranean also produced a quarterly publication called Subterranean Magazine from 2005 to 2014, specialising in short fiction and edited by William Schafer; it had also an online direct seller. In addition to trade editions, the company produces collector's and limited editions. These books are issued with author signatures, in both numbered and lettered states, and are produced using high-grade book papers and bindings with matching slipcases and traycases.

Subterranean Press won the 2025 Locus Award for Best Publisher.

Suspense
Suspense is a state of anxiety or excitement caused by mysteriousness, uncertainty, doubt, or undecidedness.  In a narrative work, suspense is the audience's excited anticipation about the plot or conflict (which may be heightened by a violent moment, stressful scene, puzzle, mystery, etc.), particularly as it affects a character for whom the audience feels sympathy. However, suspense is not exclusive to narratives.
2018 Northwest Territories Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2018 Northwest Territories Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship for Northwest Territories, was held January 4–7 at the Inuvik Curling Club in Inuvik, Northwest Territories. The winning Kerry Galusha team represented Northwest Territories at the 2018 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.

Inuvik
Inuvik is the only town in the Inuvik Region, and the third largest community in Canada's Northwest Territories. Located in the Beaufort Delta Region, it serves as the region's administrative and service centre. Inuvik is home to federal, territorial, and Indigenous government offices, along with a regional hospital and airport.

Inuvik is located on the northern edge of a boreal forest just before it begins to transition to tundra. It is on the east side of the enormous Mackenzie River delta. The town lies within the Gwich'in Settlement Region and the Inuvialuit Settlement Region.
Stefano Sposetti
Stefano Sposetti (born 22 December 1958) is a Swiss amateur astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets. He lives in Gnosca, in the Italian-speaking part of Switzerland in the Ticino Alps, where the Gnosca Observatory is located.

Sposetti took images of 2004 FH, an Aten asteroid that made a sub-lunar flyby of Earth. In addition, he detects the optical counterparts of gamma-ray bursts and conducts transit photometry on exoplanets at his observatory.

As of 2019, Sposetti's discoveries include 164 minor planets (numbered only). The Minor Planet Center ranks him 70th in the list of all-time, worldwide discoverers. Asteroid 22354 Sposetti has been named after him.

Gnosca
Gnosca is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
Neo-Aramaic dialect of Bohtan
Bohtan Neo-Aramaic is a dialect of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic originally spoken by ethnic Assyrians on the plain of Bohtan in the Ottoman Empire. Its speakers were displaced during the Assyrian genocide in 1915 and settled in Gardabani, near Rustavi in Georgia, Göygöl and Ağstafa in Azerbaijan. However it is now spoken in Moscow, Krymsk and Novopavlosk, Russia. It is considered to be a dialect of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic since it is a northeastern Aramaic language and its speakers are ethnically Assyrians.

The closest related dialect is Hertevin, and Bohtan also shares many similarities with the peripheral Qaraqosh dialect.

Gardabani
Gardabani (Georgian: გარდაბანი) is a city of 11,650 residents (2021) in the valley or plain of the same name, in the southern Georgian region of Kvemo Kartli and is the administrative centre of the Gardabani Municipality. It is located 34 kilometres (21 mi) southeast of capital Tbilisi and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Rustavi in the Kvemo Kartli Plain at an elevation of 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level. Until 1947 Gardabani was known as Karayazi (Azerbaijani: Qarayazı) and the city status was granted in 1969, after a thermal power plant was built for Tbilisi in the 1960s causing rapid growth. Since then more plower plants have been built and the city nowadays supplies almost all thermally generated electricity in the country.
Minister of State for Children
The Minister of State for Children was a junior ministerial post in the Departments of Health and Children, Justice and Law Reform and Education and Skills of the Government of Ireland. The Minister of State worked together with the various senior Ministers in these departments and had special responsibility for children's affairs.

The first Minister of State with responsibility for Children was appointed on 20 December 1994. There has not been a Minister of State with this responsibility since the creation of the full cabinet position of Minister for Children and Youth Affairs in March 2011.

Department of Health (Ireland)
The Department of Health (Irish: An Roinn Sláinte) is a department of the Government of Ireland. The department's mission is to "support, protect and empower individuals, families and their communities to achieve their full health potential by putting health at the centre of public policy and by leading the development of high quality, equitable and efficient health and personal social services." The department is led by the Minister for Health.

Brian Cowen, a former minister for health, referred to it as "Angola" clarifying "just when you've cleared one land mine another goes off".
Maskeliya Electoral District
Maskeliya electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and July 1977. The district was named after the town of Maskeliya in Nuwara Eliya District, Central Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Maskeliya electoral district was replaced by the Nuwara Eliya multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the proportional representation system.

Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව, romanized: Śrī Laṅkā āndukrama vyavasthāva, Tamil: இலங்கைச் சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசின் அரசமைப்பு, romanized: Ilaṅkaic caṉanāyaka cōcalicak kuṭiyaraciṉ aracamaippu) has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. As of October 2022 it has been formally amended 21 times.

It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution, replacing the Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972, its third constitution since the country gained  independence within the British Commonwealth as the Dominion of Ceylon in 1948, and its fourth constitution overall.
Kołowo
Kołowo [kɔˈwɔvɔ] (German: Kolow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stare Czarnowo, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Stare Czarnowo, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Gryfino, and 13 km (8 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gryfino
Gryfino [ɡrɨˈfʲinɔ] (German: Greifenhagen) is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland, with 21,393 inhabitants (2017). It is the capital of Gryfino County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

The town is located on the Odra Wschodnia, the eastern branch of the Oder river, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) south of Szczecin in Poland. The western branch of the Oder, 2 km (1 mi) away from the town center, marks the border with Germany. There is a direct road link between Gryfino and the German town of Mescherin across the river.

The Crooked Forest is located in the village of Nowe Czarnowo, just outside Gryfino.