hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philippine Collegian
The Philippine Collegian, also known as Kulê (Tagalog: [kʊˈleʔ]), is an alternative news outlet and the official student publication of the University of the Philippines Diliman. Established in 1922, the Collegian is commonly associated with the national democratic movement, with many of the publication's staffers opposing martial law under Ferdinand Marcos.

The Collegian continues to publish views critical of the university administration and the Philippine government as a "mainstay of the Philippine democratic left."

Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism
The Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) is a non-profit media organization specializing in investigative journalism. It is based in Quezon City, Philippines. Established in 1989 by nine Filipino journalists, the organization funds investigative projects for both the print and broadcast media.

It has published over 1,000 investigative reports and over 1,000 articles in Philippine newspapers and magazines, produced documentaries and published more than two dozen books on current issues. The center also offers writing fellowships to deserving reporters, journalists, and academics.

PCIJ is one of three Philippine organizations belonging to the Global Investigative Journalism Network.
Steven Bowman
Steven B. Bowman is an American scholar and academic particularly known for his research of Greek and Jewish relations throughout the past three millennia, with emphasis on Byzantine and Holocaust periods. He is a professor of Judaic Studies at the University of Cincinnati, where he teaches a wide range of courses in ancient and medieval Judaic Studies and modern Israel.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.
Chémora
Chémora (also written Chemoura) is a village in the commune of Sidi Amrane, in Djamaâ District, El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. The village is located on the western side of the N3 highway 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of Djamaa.

Djamaa
Djamaa (Arabic: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ) (also written Jama'a) is a town and commune in El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 50,916, up from 37,438 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%.
6th Your World Awards
The 6th Your World Awards is the sixth annual award hosted by Telemundo, which awarded prizes to the beauty, music and telenovela. It was broadcast on August 24, 2017, at 8pm/7c.

Puerto Rican singer, Olga Tañón was honored with the Jenni Rivera Legacy Award in recognition of her career and philanthropic achievements. Panamanian-born singer, Miguel Bosé was awarded the El Poder en Ti (The Power In You) award for his philanthropic achievements. Telemundo honored Puerto Rican journalist, María Celeste Arrarás with the Estrella de Tu Mundo (Star of Your World) award to celebrate 15 years of hosting the news show Al Rojo Vivo.

Olga Tañón
Olga Teresa Tañón Ortiz (born April 13, 1967) is a Puerto Rican singer. Over the course of her career, she has earned two Grammy Awards, three Latin Grammy Awards, and 29 Premio Lo Nuestro Awards. She has sold over five million copies of her albums.
John Birch (rugby union)
John Birch is a former Irish international rugby union player from Northern Ireland.

Birch played his rugby for Coleraine, Ballymena, Instonians, Queen's University and Ulster.

A CAI schoolteacher, Birch won a place on Ireland's 1970 tour of Argentina. He had been a late call up to play hooker for the Possibles team in the Irish trials but impressed enough to join Ballymena teammates Willie John McBride and Syd Millar on the touring party. Ireland played twice against Argentine in Buenos Aires and Birch featured in both matches, for which the Irish Rugby Football Union retrospectively awarded caps in 2023.

Ballymena R.F.C.
Ballymena Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in the town of Ballymena, Northern Ireland, playing in Division 2A of the All-Ireland League. It is affiliated to the Ulster branch of the Irish Rugby Football Union. The club fields five adult teams and an under-20s team. In youth rugby, there are under-18s, under-16s and under-14s teams.
Joaquin Spring
Joaquin Spring, originally known as Valenzuela Spring, is a spring on Joaquin Ridge in the Diablo Range in Fresno County, California. The spring is located on the southwestern slope of the ridge, about 500 feet below Joaquin Rocks, at an elevation of 3,520 feet (1,070 meters).

Fresno County, California
Fresno County (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/ ⓘ), officially the County of Fresno, is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,008,654. The county seat is Fresno, the fifth-most populous city in California. Fresno County comprises the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Fresno–Madera, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Central Valley, south of Stockton and north of Bakersfield. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno County's and the entire Central Valley's water security.
Alberto Uría
Alberto Uría (11 July 1924 – 4 December 1988) was a racing driver from Uruguay. He participated in two Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 16 January 1955. He entered two Argentine Grand Prix races as a privateer running a Maserati. He scored no championship points, his best finish being a shared sixth place with Óscar González in 1956.

Argentine Grand Prix
The Argentine Grand Prix (Spanish: Gran Premio de Argentina) was a round of the Formula One championship, held intermittently from 1953 to 1998, at the Autódromo Oscar y Juan Gálvez in the Argentine national capital of Buenos Aires.
Moisés de Lemos Martins
Moisés de Lemos Martins (born March 8, 1953) is a full professor at the Department of Communication Sciences, University of Minho. He is the Director of CECS – the Communication and Society Research Centre, which he founded in 2001, and of the Virtual Museum of Lusophony, which he set up in 2017. He is also the director of the scientific journals Comunicação e Sociedade (Communication and Society), Revista Lusófona de Estudos Culturais/Lusophone Journal of Cultural Studies, and the Vista. He launched the former in 1999, the second in 2013, and the latter in 2020. He is a sociologist and communication theorist, as well as an essayist and regular contributor to the media.

Michel Maffesoli
Michel Maffesoli (born 14 November 1944) is a French sociologist.

He is a former pupil of Gilbert Durand and Julien Freund, and an emeritus professor at Paris Descartes University. His work touches upon the issue of community links and the prevalence of "the imaginary" in the everyday life of contemporary societies, through which he contributes to the postmodern paradigm.

Maffesoli has been a member of the Institut Universitaire de France since September 2008, following a controversial nomination.

More generally, he has been the subject of several controversies, both scientific and professional, the most widely known of which concerns his supervision of the PhD dissertation of astrologer Élizabeth Teissier.

Maffesoli was born in Graissessac, Hérault.
Càrn Glas-choire
Càrn Glas-choire is a mountain in Highland, Scotland, on the north-western boundary of the Cairngorms National Park.

It has an elevation of 654.9 m (2,149 ft) and a prominence of 251 m (823 ft) and is classed as a Graham and a Marilyn.

It is the highest point of the County of Nairn, and lies north of Carrbridge.

County of Nairn
The County of Nairn, or Nairnshire, (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Inbhir Narann) is a historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area of Scotland. The county was named after Nairn, its only town. The county was used for local government until 1975 when the area was redesignated as the Nairn District, one of the eight districts of the two-tier Highland region. Nairn district was abolished in 1996 when Highland became a single-tier council area.

The county borders Inverness-shire to the west and south, Moray to the east, and has a coastline along the Moray Firth to its north.
Maryland Route 178
Maryland Route 178 (MD 178) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Generals Highway, the highway runs 8.06 miles (12.97 km) from MD 450 in Parole north to Veterans Highway near Millersville. MD 178 connects Annapolis with Crownsville in central Anne Arundel County. The highway is indirectly named for George Washington, who traveled the highway in 1783 on his way to Annapolis to resign his commission in the Continental Army at the conclusion of the American Revolutionary War. MD 178 was planned as early as 1910 as part of a western route between Baltimore and Annapolis. However, most of the highway south of MD 3 was not built until the early 1930s. The portion south of MD 3 served as a primary segment in the western corridor connecting Baltimore–Annapolis, until the construction of Interstate 97 (I-97) in the late 1980s.

Parole, Maryland
Parole, a suburb of Annapolis, is a census-designated place (CDP) in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. The population was 15,922 at the 2010 census. It has several major roads intersect at the western edge of the state capital, Annapolis, and it contains the Annapolis Mall, a number of other large shopping centers, and the Anne Arundel Medical Center.
How Many Times
How Many Times can refer to:

"How Many Times" (DJ Khaled song), 2015

"How Many Times" (Family Brown song), 1990

"How Many Times", a song by K. Michelle (2011)

"How Many Times", a song by Aretha Franklin from A Rose Is Still a Rose (1998)

"How Many Times", a song by Peter Cetera from Peter Cetera

"How Many Times", a song by Kate Ryan from Alive

"How Many Times", a song by Tinashe from Aquarius (2014)

"How Many Times", a song by Toto from Kingdom of Desire

"How Many Times", a song in the animated television special Halloween Is Grinch Night

"How Many Times", a song written by Mel Price, Bill Choate and Rody Erickson (1948)

"How Many Times", by MC Cheung from Have A Good Time (2021)

"How Many Times?", a song by Irving Berlin

"How Many Times?", a song by Insane Clown Posse on the album The Great Milenko

Alive (Kate Ryan album)
Alive is the third studio album by Beligan singer Kate Ryan. It was released by EMI on 15 September 2006, followed by a release in the United States in April 2008. Primarily produced by Philip Dirix, Yves Gaillard, and duo Niclas Kings and Niklas Bergwall, the album includes the singles, "Je t'adore", "Alive" and "All for You".
The Racers
The Racers is a 1955 American CinemaScope drama sports film directed by Henry Hathaway and starring Kirk Douglas, Bella Darvi and Gilbert Roland. The film is based on the book by Hans Ruesch entitled The Racer, based on the life of Rudolf Caracciola.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Manuel García Corpus
Teófilo Manuel García Corpus (born 6 February 1958) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the ninth district of Oaxaca on three occasions: 
in the 1997 mid-terms, 
in the 2003 mid-terms 
and in the 2009 mid-terms.

In 2001–2003 he served as a local deputy in the 58th session of the Congress of Oaxaca.

9th federal electoral district of Oaxaca
The 9th federal electoral district of Oaxaca (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 09 de Oaxaca) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 10 such districts in the state of Oaxaca.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.

The current member for the district, re-elected in the 2024 general election, is Carmen Bautista Peláez of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Jacquelyn Mitchard
Jacquelyn Mitchard  is an American journalist and author. She is the author of the best-selling novel The Deep End of the Ocean, which was the first selection for Oprah's Book Club, on September 17, 1996.  Other books by Mitchard include The Breakdown Lane, Twelve Times Blessed, Christmas, Present, A Theory of Relativity, The Most Wanted, Cage of Stars, No Time to Wave Goodbye, Second Nature - A Love Story, and Still Summer.

She is a professor of creative writing at the Vermont College of Fine Arts.

Vermont College of Fine Arts
Vermont College of Fine Arts (VCFA) is a private college that is an affiliate of the California Institute of the Arts (CalArts). It offers a Master of Fine Arts degree with six different concentrations in a low-residency format. The literary magazine Hunger Mountain is operated by VCFA writing faculty and students.
Biyagama Water Treatment Plant
The Biyagama Water Treatment Plant or BWTP is a water treatment facility located at the bank of Kelani River, in Biyagama, Sri Lanka. At a daily output capacity of 160,000,000 L/d (1,900,000 L/ks), it is the second largest water treatment facility in the country. The plant provides drinking water to approximately one million people, in Wattala, Ja-Ela, Kelaniya, Biyagama, Ragama, Kandana, Kadawatha, Kiribathgoda, Seeduwa and Ganemulla, within the Gampaha District.

Construction of the facility began on 22 October 2008. It was ceremonially inaugurated by President Mahinda Rajapakse on 22 July 2013. The facility uses raw water from the Kelani River. The maximum water loss during the purification process is 5%, due to raw water transmission, sludge de-watering and backwash.

Kelaniya
Kelaniya (Sinhala: කැලණිය Tamil: களனி)  is a suburb of Colombo in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. Located 10 km (6.2 mi) from Colombo Fort, it is known for the Buddhist temple built on the banks of the Kelani River, which divides the suburb from Colombo District. The temple is also a religious centre for veneration of the figures Vibhishana and Avalokiteshvara. It is also known as the location of the University of Kelaniya.
American flamingo
The American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) is a large species of flamingo native to the West Indies, northern South America (including the Galápagos Islands) and the Yucatán Peninsula. It is closely related to the greater flamingo and Chilean flamingo, and was formerly considered conspecific with the greater flamingo, but that treatment is now widely viewed (e.g. by the American and British Ornithologists' Unions) as incorrect due to a lack of evidence. It is also known as the Caribbean flamingo, although it is also present in the Galápagos Islands. It is the only flamingo that naturally inhabits North America along with the Neotropical realm.

It is a cultural icon for the U.S. state of Florida, where it was formerly abundant in the southernmost regions, although it was largely extirpated by 1900 and is now only an uncommon visitor with a few small, potentially resident populations.

Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45) with a concurrent reduction in arterial levels of carbon dioxide. This condition is one of the four primary disturbances of acid–base homeostasis.

Respiratory compensation is also a condition where increased respiration reduces carbon dioxide sometimes to level below the normal range. In this case it is a physiological response to low pH from metabolic processes and not the primary disorder.
From the Beginning (box set)
From the Beginning is a box set which presents aural and visual documentation celebrating Emerson, Lake & Palmer's career; consisting of five discs that include a number of single b-sides, significant live recordings, alternative studio mixes and material taken from band rehearsals, plus a bonus DVD featuring 'The Manticore Years' documentary, presented in a deluxe book-style sleeve complete with a 60-page picture booklet containing extensive sleeve notes by the band discussing the ELP years. It also contains rare and previously unseen photographs and images.

Blue Rondo à la Turk
"Blue Rondo à la Turk" is a jazz standard composition by Dave Brubeck. It appeared on the album Time Out in 1959. It is written in 98 time, with one side theme in 44, and the choice of rhythm was inspired by the Turkish aksak time signatures. It was originally recorded by the Dave Brubeck Quartet with Dave Brubeck on piano, Paul Desmond on alto saxophone, Eugene Wright on bass, and Joe Morello on drums.
Alipate Fatafehi
Alipate Fatafehi (born 13 December 1984) is a Tongan rugby union player who plays for Lyon OU in the Top 14 and the Tonga national team. Fatafehi first played professional rugby for Otago in New Zealand from 2006 to 2008 but failed to secure a regular spot in the team, dropping down to the North Otago side for two games in 2008 before gaining a spot in the team for Otago's last game of 2008. His primary position is on the wing, although he played at fullback for Otago and more recently in line with global trends, has been used as a centre because of his size.

Otago Rugby Football Union
The Otago Rugby Football Union is the official governing body of rugby union for the Otago region of New Zealand. The union is based in the city of Dunedin, and its home ground is Forsyth Barr Stadium. The top representative team competes in the ITM Cup, New Zealand's top provincial competition. The union was to have been liquidated in March 2012. However a deal involving the Dunedin City Council allowed it to keep operating. Otago have won the Ranfurly Shield on eight occasions (1935, 1938, 1947, 1957, 2013, 2018, 2020 and 2025). They were the National provincial championship winners in 1991 and 1998. They have a proud record playing international teams, having defeated South Africa and the British and Irish Lions.
George Franklin Grant
George Franklin Grant (September 15, 1846 – August 21, 1910) was the first African-American professor at Harvard. He was also a Boston dentist, and an inventor of an early composite golf tee made from wood and natural rubber (specifically, gutta-percha) tubing.

Gutta-percha
Gutta-percha is a tree of the genus Palaquium in the family Sapotaceae, which is primarily used to create a high-quality latex of the same name. Most commonly sourced from Palaquium gutta, the material is rigid, naturally biologically inert, resilient, electrically nonconductive, and thermoplastic; it is a polymer of isoprene which forms a rubber-like elastomer.

The word "gutta-percha" comes from the plant's name in Malay: getah translates as 'sticky gum' and pertja (perca) is the name of a less-sought-after gutta tree. The western term therefore is likely a derivative amalgamation of the original native names.
Lavdani
Lavdani (Greek: Λάβδανη) is a village and a former community in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pogoni, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 48.191 km2, the community 31.866 km2. Population 119 (2021).

Ioannina (regional unit)
Ioannina (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ιωαννίνων) is one of the regional units of Greece, located in the northwestern part of the country.

It is part of the region of Epirus. Its capital is the city of Ioannina. It is the largest regional unit in Epirus, and one of the largest regional units of Greece, with a population of 160,773 people, according to the 2021 census.
Irkutsk National Research Technical University
National Research Irkutsk State Technical University (full name in Russian: Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет), formerly Irkutsk State Technical University, is a technical university in Russia.

Irkutsk Oblast
Irkutsk Oblast (Russian: Ирку́тская о́бласть, romanized: Irkutskaya oblastʹ; Buryat: Эрхүү можо, romanized: Erhüü možo) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southeastern Siberia in the basins of the Angara, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers. The administrative center is the city of Irkutsk. It had a population of 2,370,102 at the 2021 Census.
Tapada da Ajuda
Tapada da Ajuda is a green space located in Lisbon, in the parish of Alcântara.

It occupies a walled area of one hundred hectares, of free entrance. The main entrance is located on Calçada da Tapada, in the Alcântara area.

In this space, corresponding to a former royal and confining north to the Monsanto Forest Park, there are the Lisbon Astronomical Observatory, the Instituto Superior de Agronomia, an Exhibition Pavilion and the playing fields of Agronomia (rugby). At the highest point of Tapada, next to the geodesic landmark (134 m; 440 ft altitude), there is a belvedere that offers a vast panorama over the river Tagus.

In addition, a city from the end of the Bronze Age has been discovered in the place.

AEIS Agronomia
Associação de Estudantes do Instituto Superior de Agronomia or Agronomia is a Portuguese multisports club for Instituto Superior de Agronomia students. Agronomia has won two Campeonato Nacional Honra/Super Bock and nine Taça de Portugal de Rugby. It is one of the oldest rugby clubs in Portugal. Three players had represented the club at the 2007 Rugby World Cup finals.

On 18 February 2012 the club won the Taça de Portugal de Rugby for the ninth time.
Hylodes asper
Hylodes asper, the warty tree toad or Brazilian torrent frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to the Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states in southeastern Brazil. Living in a high-noise environment, the species uses "semaphoring" to supplement acoustic signalling.

Hylodidae
Hylodidae, commonly known as giant Neotropical torrent frogs, is a family of frogs native to Brazil and northern Argentina.  Phylogenetic evidence suggests the Hylodidae being the sister group to the Alsodidae.

Megaelosia goeldii is one species that lost the ability to produce vocalizations which in turn is denoted as mute. Through observation of aggressive interactions, it was found that the species' vocal sacs are used for one form of its visual signaling and communication.