hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aircraft type club
Aircraft type clubs are organizations that provide information and support to a single aircraft type or a group of aircraft types from the same manufacturer or family of aircraft.

There are hundreds of aircraft type clubs around the world providing services to most certified, amateur-built, warbird and ultralight aircraft types that have been produced in any significant numbers. In some cases, especially those dealing with highly popular aircraft designs, there may be two or more competing type clubs offering services for the same aircraft type or types.

Most aircraft type clubs are independent of the manufacturer. While the majority are organized as not-for-profit associations, some type clubs are run as for-profit businesses.

Warbird
A warbird is any vintage military aircraft now operated by civilian organizations and individuals, or in some instances, by historic arms of military forces, such as the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, the Royal Australian Air Force's No. 100 Squadron, or the South African Air Force Museum Historic Flight.
2003 Ennis shooting
The 2003 Ennis shooting was a mass shooting that occurred on June 14, 2003, when 44-year-old George Harold Davis opened fire on a group of people outside a bar in downtown Ennis, in Madison County, Montana, then engaged police officers in a high-speed chase and shootout. Davis killed one man and injured six other bystanders at the bar. He was then chased by a sheriff's deputy and highway patrol officer. The chase terminated on the Idaho/Montana state border. Davis was arrested and sentenced to eleven life terms, the longest prison sentence in Montana state history. The chase and shootout were captured on dashboard cameras installed within the two pursuing patrol vehicles.

History of Montana
This is a broad outline of the history of Montana in the United States.

For thousands of years indigenous peoples inhabited what would be Montana. The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 included this land and it was explored during the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. The Montana Territory was established in 1864 and Montana officially became a state on November 8, 1889.
Digoria
Digoria (Ossetic: Дигорæ (Digoræ); Russian: Дигория (Digoria)) is a mostly mountainous region of the North Caucasus in the western part of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. The inhabitants speak the archaic Digor dialect of Ossetian. Today the name most often refers to Irafsky and Digorsky districts of the republic. Its most populous towns are Digora and Chikola which are situated in the agricultural region of the northern plains. The mountain areas to the south include Alania National Park and a number of historical villages where one can see the remains of many stone towers. The settlement of Galiat in particular has preserved a number of old stone towers and houses.

Digorsky District
Digorsky District (Russian: Диго́рский райо́н; Ossetian: Дигори район, romanized: Digori rajon) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 640 square kilometers (250 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Digora. Population: 19,334 (2010 Census); 20,625 (2002 Census); 19,328 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Digora accounts for 56.1% of the district's total population.
Numenoides
Numenoides is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Lymantriinae. Its only species, Numenoides grandis, is found on Madagascar. Both the genus and the species were first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1879.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.
37th–Spruce station
37th–Spruce station is a SEPTA Metro T station in Philadelphia. It is the westernmost station of the trolley tunnel and carries trolley routes T2, T3, T4, and T5. The station is located on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania at the intersection of 37th and Spruce streets.

Trolleys serving this station go eastbound to Center City Philadelphia and westbound to the neighborhoods of Eastwick and Angora, as well as the Delaware County suburbs of Yeadon and Darby.

Darby, Pennsylvania
Darby is a borough in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, Darby had a population of 10,715. The borough is located along Darby Creek 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Center City Philadelphia. The borough of Darby is distinct from the nearby municipality of Darby Township.
2025 Indian Premier League
The 2025 Indian Premier League, also known as IPL 18 and branded as TATA IPL 2025, was the 18th edition of the Indian Premier League, a professional Twenty20 cricket league. The tournament featured 10 teams competing in 74 matches. It began on 22 March and was held across 13 venues before being suspended on 9 May due to the 2025 India–Pakistan crisis. The matches resumed from 17 May across six venues, with the final rescheduled from 25 May to 3 June.

The defending champions Kolkata Knight Riders were eliminated in the league stage. In the final, Royal Challengers Bengaluru defeated Punjab Kings by 6 runs to win their maiden title after 18 years. Sai Sudharsan and Prasidh Krishna of Gujarat Titans scored the most runs (759) and took the most wickets (25) respectively. Suryakumar Yadav of Mumbai Indians was awarded as the most valuable player of the tournament.

Vaibhav Sooryavanshi
Vaibhav Sooryavanshi (born 27 March 2011) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Bihar in domestic cricket and Rajasthan Royals in the Indian Premier League. As a left-handed batsman, he made his first-class debut in January 2024. He is the youngest Indian List A debutant and the youngest to debut in the Indian Premier League.
Uke Clanton
Eucal "Uke" Clanton (February 19, 1898 – February 24, 1960) was a Major League Baseball first baseman who played for one season. Nicknamed "Cat", he played for the Cleveland Indians for one game on September 21, 1922. Clanton was one of a group of players that Indians player-manager Tris Speaker sent in partway through the game on September 21, 1922 done as an opportunity for fans to see various minor league prospects.

Clanton played collegiate baseball for the Oklahoma Sooners. Clanton died in an automobile accident in Antlers, Oklahoma.

Oklahoma Sooners
The Oklahoma Sooners are the athletic teams that represent the University of Oklahoma, located in Norman. The 19 men's and women's varsity teams are called the "Sooners", a reference to a nickname given to the early participants in the Land Run of 1889, which initially opened the Unassigned Lands in the future state of Oklahoma to non-native settlement. The university's athletic teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The university's current athletic director is Roger Denny.

The Sooners have won 45 team national championships.  In 2002, the University of Oklahoma was ranked as the third best college sports program in America by Sports Illustrated.
Arnfinn Vik
Arnfinn Vik (20 May 1901 – 13 September 1990) was a Norwegian politician who served as Mayor of Oslo.

He was born at Drammen in Buskerud, Norway. He participated in the Left Communist Youth League's military strike action of 1924. He was convicted for assisting in this crime and sentenced to 4 months of prison. He was secretary of the Oslo Labour Party in 1936 and was a member of the Oslo City Council  from 1938.

He was a central resistance member during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany (1940-1945) and served as a leader of the Norwegian resistance  group, Hjemmefrontens Ledelse. After the end of World War II, he served as mayor of Oslo from 1945 to 1947. He was later director of the Oslo housing authority (Boligforvaltning).

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Nativity of the Virgin (Perugino)
Nativity of the Virgin is a small painting in tempera on panel by Pietro Perugino, dating to around 1472. It is held in the Walker Art Gallery, in Liverpool. It shows the nativity of Mary. The style of the house is heavily influenced by Andrea del Verrocchio.

The painting belongs to Perugino's early period and the important commissions he gained during the short time he was active in Florence. Both it and the Miracle of the Snow are usually identified as one of two surviving parts of the same predella, either from a lost altarpiece of the Virgin Mary or from the Piazza Madonna by Verocchio's studio. Both panels were in the Pucci chapel in Santissima Annunziata in Florence by 1786, when they were bought by John Campbell. They were sold to different owners in London in 1804, with the Nativity bought by William Roscoe for nine guineas. At the time of the sale the painting was misattributed to Masaccio.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
Leonard D. Jungwirth
Leonard D. Jungwirth  (October 18, 1903 –August 21, 1963 or 1964) American sculptor born in Detroit, Michigan. He studied with his father Joachim Jungwirth, a Detroit wood carver. His formal education was furthered at the School of Fine Arts and Wayne State University (B.A., 1927) both in Detroit. He spent 1929 through 1933 studying at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, Germany.

He returned to Detroit, where he taught at Wayne State from 1936 to 1940. During some of that period, he also served as a supervisor in the WPA's Federal Art Project, for whom he created several works, notably a statue of Gabriel Richard located at the entrance to the Belle Isle Bridge.

In 1940 he moved to East Lansing, Michigan, where he was employed at what is now Michigan State University. He remained there until his death in 1963. While there he created his (arguably) best-known work, The Spartan. Jungwirth also made the Stations of the Cross for St. Thomas Aquinas Church in East Lansing.

Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (German: Akademie der Bildenden Künste München, also known as Munich Academy) is one of the oldest and most significant art academies in Germany. It is located in the Maxvorstadt district of Munich, in Bavaria, Germany.

In the second half of the 19th century, the academy became one of the most important institutions in Europe for training artists and attracted students from across Europe and the United States.
Kaguyahime (manga)
Kaguyahime (輝夜姫) is a manga series by Reiko Shimizu. This 27-volume series was serialized in LaLa from 1993 to 2005. The story is based on the Japanese legend of Kaguya-hime (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter).

In 2002, the series received the 47th annual Shogakukan Manga Award for shōjo. A Drama CD was released in 2003.

Shogakukan Manga Award
The Shogakukan Manga Award (小学館漫画賞, Shōgakukan Mangashō) is one of Japan's major manga awards, and is sponsored by Shogakukan Publishing. It has been awarded annually for serialized manga and features candidates from a number of publishers. It is the oldest manga award in Japan, being given since 1955.
Gli amanti sposi
Gli amanti sposi is an opera giocosa in 3 acts by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari to a libretto by Luigi Sugana, Giuseppe Pizzolato, Enrico Golisciani and Giovacchino Forzano, after Carlo Goldoni's Il ventaglio (1765). It premiered 19 February 1925 at La Fenice, Venice.

Giovacchino Forzano
Giovacchino Forzano (Italian pronunciation: [dʒovakˈkiːno forˈtsaːno]; 19 November 1884  – 28 October 1970) was an Italian playwright, librettist, stage and film director. A resourceful writer, he authored numerous popular plays and produced opera librettos for most of the major Italian composers of the early twentieth century, including the librettos for Giacomo Puccini's Suor Angelica and Gianni Schicchi.
Khirasra state
Khirasra state was one of the princely states of British India. It was an offshoot of the Dhrol state.

It consisted of 13 villages, covering an area of 34 km and a population of 3,659 (1921). It had a supposed revenue of 1900 pounds.

Jadeja
Jadeja (Gujarati, Sindhi: Jāḍejā, or Jāṛejā) is a Rajput clan that inhabits the Indian state of Gujarat and the Tharparkar district of Sindh, Pakistan.
They originated from a pastoral group, and laid a claim on the Rajput identity after marriages with Sodha Rajput women by adopting a process called Rajputisation.
Pure Love (2013 TV series)
Pure Love (Korean: 일말의 순정) is a 2013 South Korean television series starring Lee Jae-ryong, Do Ji-won, Han Soo-yeon, Jeon Mi-seon, Kwon Ki-seon and Kim Tae-hoon. It aired on KBS2 on Mondays to Fridays at 19:45 for 125 episodes beginning February 18, 2013.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Sakhi Hassan
Sakhi Hassan (Urdu: سخی حسن) is a residential neighborhood in the North Nazimabad Town within the Karachi Central district of Karachi, Pakistan.

Sakhi Hasan is named as the shrine (mazar) of a pious man Sakhi Hasan is there. There is another mazar of a pious man and famous poet Behzad Lucknavi and Hakim M. Jamil Arif Sarkar.

The neighbourhood is home to a renowned cemetery, Sakhi Hassan Graveyard, known for being the final resting place of many notable figures.

Behzad Lucknavi
Behzad Lucknavi (born Sardar Hasan Khan; 1 January 1900 – 10 October  1974) was a Pakistani Urdu poet and lyricist. He primarily wrote naats and ghazals and sometimes radio plays for the All India Radio, Delhi and later for Radio Pakistan after emigrating to Pakistan.

He started participating in mushairas at age of twelve. Then veteran radio personality Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari introduced him to All India Radio.

He wrote film song lyrics for seventeen films, including Roti (1942), Taj Mahal (1941) and Dhanwan (1937).
Khabardar (film)
Khabardaar (transl. Beware) is a 2005 Marathi-language comedy film produced and directed by Mahesh Kothare and starring Bharat Jadhav, Sanjay Narvekar and Nirmiti Sawant.

The film was inspired by the 1940 classic American film His Girl Friday starring Cary Grant and Rosalind Russell.

Kishori Godbole
Kishori Godbole  is a Marathi TV and film actress. She is the daughter of Marathi singer Jaywant Kulkarni. She is known for her role as Mrs. Vibhavari Suhaas Tendulkar in Mrs Tendulkar. She is also a well known theater actress of many plays. She played the character of Shobha in Sachin Pilgaonkar's TV series Hudd Kar Di, aired on Zee TV. She also played role of Bayaza Maa in Sony TV's show Mere Sai - Shraddha Aur Saburi.
Paul Saladin Leonhardt
Paul Saladin Leonhardt (13 November 1877 – 14 December 1934) was a German chess master. He was born in Posen, Province of Posen, German Empire (now Poland), and died of a heart attack in Königsberg during a game of chess.

A player with a low profile and not many tournament wins, Leonhardt has been largely forgotten by the history books. However, at his best, he was able to defeat most of the elite players of the period. Tarrasch, Tartakower, Nimzowitsch, Maróczy and Réti all succumbed to his fierce attacking style between 1903 and 1920.  He won several brilliancy prizes.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Aïr Mountains
The Aïr Mountains or Aïr Massif (Tamajăq: Ayǝr; Hausa: Eastern Azbin, Western Abzin) is a triangular massif, located in northern Niger, within the Sahara. Part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion, they rise to more than 1,800 m (5,900 ft) and extend over 84,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi). Lying in the midst of desert north of the 17th parallel, the Aïr plateau, with an average altitude between 500 and 900 m (1,600 and 3,000 ft), forms an island of Sahel climate which supports a wide variety of life, many pastoral and farming communities, and dramatic geological and archaeological sites. There are notable archaeological excavations in the region that illustrate the prehistoric past of this region. The endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) once existed in this region, but may now be extirpated due to human population pressures in this region.

Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and  ecosystem decay. Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the population fluctuation of many species. More specifically, habitat fragmentation is a process by which large and contiguous habitats get divided into smaller, isolated patches of habitats.
Lezlie Deane
Lezlie Deane is an American singer, musician, roller derby athlete and actress who has starred in film and television. She was once best known for her roles in horror films, including 976-EVIL (1988), Girlfriend from Hell (1989) and Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991). In the 1990s, she was a member of the techno group Fem2Fem.

Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy
Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy is a 2010 American direct-to-video documentary film that chronicles the entire Nightmare on Elm Street franchise, except for the 2010 remake. The documentary also explores the rise of New Line Cinema.  Written by Thommy Hutson, produced by Daniel Farrands and Thommy Hutson, and co-directed by Daniel Farrands and Andrew Kasch. Heather Langenkamp, who portrayed Nancy Thompson in three of the Nightmare films, served as the project's executive producer and narrator. As of February 2019, the documentary has grossed over $400k from video sales.
Susan Porter Benson
Susan Porter Benson (July 26, 1943 – June 20, 2005) was an American historian and academic, specializing in labor history and women's studies as well as public and cultural history. She taught at Bristol Community College (1968–86), the University of Missouri (1986–93), and the University of Connecticut (1993–2005). Her book Counter Cultures influenced the field of labor and women's history and consumer culture. Presenting the Past: Essays on History and the Public, which she co-edited with Stephen Brier and Roy Rosenzweig, inspired the Temple University Press book series Critical Perspectives on the Past.

Temple University Press
Temple University Press is a university press founded in 1969 that is part of Temple University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). It is one of thirteen publishers to participate in the Knowledge Unlatched pilot, a global library consortium approach to funding open access books.

The organization's mission at the time of its founding, according to Gerald J. Mangone, Temple University's then-provost, was to "broaden the outlet for the best volumes of an increasinbly productive faculty," by enabling those academics "to publish significant research that will increase knowledge in the humanities, social and natural sciences."
National Literary Society
The National Literary Society (also known as the Irish National Literary Society) was founded in Dublin in 1892 by William Butler Yeats.

The members first met in John O’Leary's rooms on Mountjoy Square, and later formally at the Rotunda. Its first president was Douglas Hyde. On 25 November 1892 Hyde delivered a lecture to the society on The Necessity for De-Anglicising Ireland, a precursor to the founding of the Gaelic League.

A Book of Irish Verse, designed to publicise the new societies, was published in 1895, edited by Yeats and dedicated "To the Members of the National Literary Society of Dublin and the Irish Literary Society of London." It featured poetry by T. W. Rolleston, Hyde, Katharine Tynan, Lionel Johnson, AE and several others, with notes and an introduction by himself.

Douglas Hyde
Douglas Ross Hyde  MRIA (Irish: Dubhghlas de hÍde; 17 January 1860 – 12 July 1949), known as An Craoibhín Aoibhinn (lit. transl. the pleasant little branch), was an Irish academic, linguist, scholar of the Irish language, politician, and diplomat who served as the first president of Ireland from June 1938 to June 1945. He was a leading figure in the Gaelic revival, and the first president of the Gaelic League, one of the most influential cultural organisations in Ireland at the time.
GB Snowsport
GB Snowsport, formerly the British Ski and Snowboard Federation, is the governing body of ski and snowboarding in the United Kingdom. It replaced Snowsport GB, which ceased operation in 2010. It is a full member of the International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS), the British Olympic Association and the British Paralympic Association, with origins in Ski Club of Great Britain. It sends athletes to Winter Olympic Games, and Winter Paralympic Games including medallists freestyle skier Isabel Atkin, para skiers Menna Fitzpatrick, Richard Burt (skier), Jade Etherington and Kelly Gallagher, para ice sledger Denise Smith,  and snowboarders Jenny Jones and Billy Morgan. The organisation has national constituent associations Snowsport Cymru/Wales, Snowsport England, and Snowsport Scotland.

Kelly Gallagher (alpine skier)
Kelly Gallagher MBE (born 18 May 1985), is a retired Irish skier and the first athlete from Northern Ireland to compete in the Winter Paralympics. Gallagher won the UK’s first ever Winter Paralympic gold medal during Sochi 2014.