hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal
Balgowan is a valley in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands in South Africa.

The town of Balgowan is not much more than an old trading store and a train station where locally grown timber is picked up. However, nearby is Michaelhouse, the Anglican boarding school for boys in the Diocese of Natal, an exclusive private boarding school. The school complex, built in the English gothic style from red Pietermaritzburg brick, includes a chapel which is open to the public, featuring a stained glass rose window by Ervin Bossanyi and seven lancet windows by Margaret Agnes Rope.

As elsewhere in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, Balgowan has some wealthy farmers, mostly in the timber production industry (pine and eucalyptus) or in dairy and cattle farming. Popular niche soft drinks manufacturer Frankie's Soft Drinks Company is located in the town.

The Midlands Meander, a scenic tourist route featuring arts and crafts, restaurants and accommodation, runs through Balgowan on the R103 road.

Margaret Agnes Rope
Margaret Agnes Rope (20 June 1882 – 6 December 1953) was a British stained glass artist in the Arts and Crafts movement tradition active in the first four decades of the 20th century. Her work is notable for the intensity and skill of the painting and the religious fervour underpinning it. She should not be confused with her cousin, Margaret Edith Rope (known professionally as M. E. Aldrich Rope), another British stained glass artist in the same tradition, active from 1910 until the mid-1960s, with whom she cooperated on some windows.
Raymond McCreesh
Raymond McCreesh (Irish: Réamonn Mac Raois, 25 February 1957 – 21 May 1981) was an Irish volunteer in the South Armagh Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA). In 1976, he and two other IRA volunteers were captured while attempting to ambush a British Army observation post. McCreesh was one of the ten Irish republicans who died during the 1981 Irish hunger strike in the Maze Prison. McCreesh was one of 22 Irish republicans (in the 20th century) who died on hunger-strike.

Hunger strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance where participants fast as an act of political protest, usually with the objective of achieving a specific goal, such as a policy change. Hunger strikers that do not take fluids are named dry hunger strikers.

In cases where an entity (usually the state) has or is able to obtain custody of the hunger striker (such as a prisoner), the hunger strike is often terminated by the custodial entity through the use of force-feeding.
Jakob Alešovec
Jakob Alešovec (pronounced [ˈjaːkɔp aˈleːʃɔʋəts]; 24 July 1842, Skaručna – 17 October 1901, Ljubljana) was an ethnic Slovene-Austrian writer and playwright. Until 1866, Alešovec wrote in German, but later switched to Slovenian. He wrote travelogues, tales, folk plays, and satires, as well as the first Slovenian detective story. In 1868, he published the German-language novella Laibacher Mysterien (The Mysteries of Ljubljana) inspired by Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris (The Mysteries of Paris).

The Mysteries of Paris
The Mysteries of Paris (French: Les Mystères de Paris) is a novel by Eugène Sue. It was published serially in 90 parts in Journal des débats from 19 June 1842 until 15 October 1843, making it one of the first serial novels (feuilleton) published in France. It tells the story of a mysterious man named Rodolphe, who seeks to restore social justice in 19th-century Paris and comes to the aid of various characters, including a prostitute and a criminal. An instant success, The Mysteries of Paris singlehandedly increased the circulation of Journal des débats and founded the "city mysteries" genre, spawning many imitations.
Selvanus
Selvanus could be both a masculine given name and a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Selvanus Geh (born 1993), Indonesian badminton player

Yulius Selvanus (born 1963), Indonesian politician

Yulius Selvanus
Yulius Selvanus (born 17 September 1963) is an Indonesian politician and former military officer who is the governor of North Sulawesi, serving since February 2025. He is a member of the Gerindra Party, and was part of the Kopassus special forces unit for most of his time in the Indonesian Army. He held the rank of major general upon his retirement from active service in 2021.

Graduating from the Indonesian Military Academy in 1988, Yulius joined the Kopassus special forces. He was part of Tim Mawar, a group of Kopassus soldiers assigned to kidnap democracy activists in 1997–1998. He was imprisoned for 20 months in military prison for his involvement in the kidnappings, but returned to Kopassus afterwards and rose through the ranks. Eventually, he reached the rank of major general before his retirement in 2021. He then joined former Kopassus commander Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra Party, and was elected governor of North Sulawesi in 2024.
Canadian Kennel Club
The Canadian Kennel Club (or CKC; French: Club canin canadien), founded in 1888 and chartered under the Animal Purebred Act, is one of the national kennel clubs of Canada. It maintains breed registries services for those purebred dogs approved for its control by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and provides governance for all CKC-approved dog conformation shows, dog trials and canine events. The CKC is a non-member partner with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale.

Purebred
Purebreds are cultivars of an animal species achieved through the process of selective breeding. When the lineage of a purebred animal is recorded, that animal is said to be pedigreed. Purebreds breed true-to-type, which means the progeny of like-to-like purebred parents will carry the same phenotype, or observable characteristics of the parents. A group of like purebreds is called a pure-breeding line or strain.
Midparent
In human genetics the midparent value of a trait is defined as the average of the trait value of the father and a scaled version of that of the mother. This value can be used in a study to analyze the data set without heeding sex effects. Studying quantitative traits in heritability studies may be complicated by sex differences observed for the trait.

Well-known examples include studies of humans' height, whose midparent value hmp is given by:

where hf is the father's height, and hm the mother's.

The coefficient 1.08 serves as a scaling factor. After the 1.08 scaling, the mean of the mother's height is the same as that of the father's, and the variance is closer to the father's; in this way, sex difference can be ignored.

Data set
A data set (or dataset) is a collection of data. In the case of tabular data, a data set corresponds to one or more database tables, where every column of a table represents a particular variable, and each row corresponds to a given record of the data set in question. The data set lists values for each of the variables, such as for example height and weight of an object, for each member of the data set.  Data sets can also consist of a collection of documents or files.

In the open data discipline, a data set is a unit used to measure the amount of information released in a public open data repository.  The European data.europa.eu portal aggregates more than a million data sets.
Domingo Antonio Ortiz
Domingo Antonio Ortiz Mereles (1832 – 1889) was a Paraguayan naval officer and politician. He served with distinction in the Triple Alliance War, and after the conflict participated in various governments through the 1870s and 1880s.

Paraguayans
Paraguayans (Spanish: paraguayos) are the citizens of Paraguay.

Though the majority of Paraguayans reside in Paraguay, significant communities have been established in multiple countries, most noticeably Argentina, Spain, United States, Brazil.
Kalle Kerman
Kalle Kerman (born February 10, 1979, in Kuopio) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. He most recently played with KalPa in the Finnish Liiga.

Kerman first played with KalPa in his junior years and men's lower levels before making his SM-liiga debut with SaiPa during 2002–03 season. He played in SaiPa for three seasons before moving to Sweden.

In Sweden, he played one season in Mora IK and one full season in Luleå HF, before moving back to Finland during his second season in Luleå. He played the rest of 2007–08 in Jokerit and continued there the next season. For the 2009–10 season, he returned to KalPa.

On January 26, 2011, Kerman agreed to a three-year contract extension with KalPa.

In 2009, he performed well in national team exhibition games and was chosen to represent Finland in World Championships.

2009 IIHF World Championship
The 2009 IIHF World Championship took place from 24 April to 10 May 2009 in Switzerland. The games were played in the PostFinance Arena in Bern and Schluefweg in Kloten.

The PostFinance Arena in Bern was renovated and accommodates an attendance of 17,000. The Eishalle Schluefweg in Kloten was expanded for the 2008–09 season to a capacity of 9,000 people. Switzerland gained the right to host the World Championship for the 10th time.
"Live for the Action" by Swiss hard rock veterans Krokus was named the official anthem of the tournament.

Russia won the championship, winning all its matches and defeating Canada in the final 2–1. Ilya Kovalchuk was named the best forward and the most valuable player of the tournament. Over 17 million people watched the televised final around the world.
Ntempriz Bridge
The Ntempriz Bridge (Greek: Γέφυρα Ντεμπρίζ), also known as Strefeiko Gefyri (Greek: Στρεφέικο Γεφύρι), is an arch bridge situated in Messinia, approximately 1 km west of Strefi village crossing the canyon where Velikas river runs through. A few hundred meters southeast of the bridge there are the remains of Ntepriz castle which lies on a hill and its residents probably were primary users of the bridge. It was built during the Francocracy period in Greece, to connect Pylos with Messini broader areas.

Messenia
Messenia or Messinia (/məˈsiːniə/ mə-SEE-nee-ə; Greek: Μεσσηνία [mesiˈni.a]) is a regional unit (perifereiaki enotita) in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese region, in Greece. Until the implementation of the Kallikratis plan on 1 January 2011, Messenia was a prefecture (nomos) covering the same territory. The capital and largest city of Messenia is Kalamata.
Robert Begerau
Robert Begerau (born 17 July 1947 in Büdelsdorf) is a former German footballer.

Begerau made two appearances for Fortuna Düsseldorf in the Bundesliga during his playing career, which was cut short through injury.

Fortuna Düsseldorf
Düsseldorfer Turn- und Sportverein Fortuna 1895 e.V., commonly known as Fortuna Düsseldorf (pronounced [fɔʁˈtuːna ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf] ⓘ) or Fortuna 95, is a German football club based in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, that competes in the 2. Bundesliga.

Founded in 1895, Fortuna entered the league in 1913 and was a fixture in the top flight from the early 1920s up to the creation of the Bundesliga in 1963. Fortuna captured one German championship in 1933 and two German cup DFB-Pokal wins in 1979 and 1980. Their greatest feat in European competition was a Cup Winners Cup final in 1979 where they lost to Barcelona.
AB Sat
AB Sat is a package of digital terrestrial television channels (encrypted with Viaccess and  Mediaguard) offered by the satellite companies Hot Bird and Astra and marketed in France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany. The channels are all (or partly) run by the cable operators and certain networks ADSL. ABSAT has a stake on two digital terrestrial television channels (TMC and NT1). The company is chaired by Michele Cotta.

ADSL
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a type of digital subscriber line (DSL) technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voiceband modem can provide. ADSL differs from the less common symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL). In ADSL, bandwidth and bit rate are said to be asymmetric, meaning greater toward the customer premises (downstream) than the reverse (upstream). Providers usually market ADSL as an Internet access service primarily for downloading content from the Internet, but not for serving content accessed by others.
Arthur Knight (bishop)
Christianity portal

Arthur Mesac Knight (9 July 1864 – 4 October 1939) was the third Bishop of Rangoon from 1903 to 1909.

He was educated at Rossall and Pembroke College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1890, he was initially a Curate at St Andrew's, Bishop Auckland before becoming Fellow and Dean of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and a Lecturer in Divinity at the university.

He was nominated to the episcopate in December 1902, based on the recommendation of the Secretary of State for India. He subsequently received the doctorate of divinity (DD) (honoris causa) from the University of Cambridge in January 1903, and was formally appointed the following month. Taking up the position in Rangoon early in 1903, he only served for six years, afterwards becoming Warden of  St Augustine's Missionary College, Canterbury. From 1928, his last posts were as Rector of Lyminge (until 1935) and Assistant Bishop of Canterbury (until his death).

Warden (college)
Warden is a title used by the heads of some university colleges, halls of residence, and other institutions. Its use in this sense dates back at least to the 13th century at Merton College, Oxford, as a translation of the Latin custos.
Bagbana
Bagbana is a village development committee in Parsa District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,964 people living in 1266 individual households.

Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
Oldendorf (Samtgemeinde)
Oldendorf is a former Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat was in the village Oldendorf. It was disbanded on 1 January 2014, when it was merged with the Samtgemeinde Himmelpforten to form the new Samtgemeinde Oldendorf-Himmelpforten. The Samtgemeinde of Oldendorf consisted of the following municipalities:

Burweg

Estorf

Heinbockel

Kranenburg

Oldendorf

Heinbockel
Heinbockel is a municipality in the district of Stade, Lower Saxony, Germany.

Heinbockel belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Heinbockel, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Quiet Killer
Quiet Killer is a 1992 American-Canadian made-for-television medical disaster film directed by Sheldon Larry. The thriller, based on the 1977 novel The Black Death by Gwyneth Cravens and John S. Marr and adapted by I. C. Rapoport, stars Kate Jackson and was originally broadcast on CBS. The film was released on VHS under the title Black Death.

I. C. Rapoport
I. C. Rapoport (Chuck Rapoport, born May 13, 1937) is known both for his work as a photojournalist in the 1960s and more recently as a TV and film screenwriter. Rapoport's photography career is noted for his Life Magazine photo essay on the aftermath of the tragic Aberfan, Wales disaster, and also for his exclusive and rare photographs of Joseph Pilates, the now famous fitness master and creator of the Pilates Method.
Michiel Hillen van Hoochstraten
Michiel Hillen van Hoochstraten or Michel Hillenius (Hoogstraten, c. 1476, – Antwerp, 22 July 1558), was a Flemish printer, publisher, bookseller and bookbinder.  His printing press put out publications in a wide range of genres, including imperial ordinances, almanacs, devotional literature, anthologies of customs, textbooks, etc. He also printed humanistic writings by Erasmus, Adrianus Barlandus and Jacobus Latomus as well as the first Dutch-language version of the story of Till Eulenspiegel.  His multiple editions of the Bible in Dutch translation were among the first to be published.  Michiel Hillen van Hoochstraten is regarded as the most important publisher active in Antwerp in the first half of the sixteenth century.

Jacobus Latomus
Jacobus Latomus (or Jacques Masson) (c. 1475 – 29 May 1544) was a Catholic Flemish theologian, a distinguished member of the Faculty of Theology at the University of Leuven. Latomus was a theological adviser to the Inquisition, and his exchange with William Tyndale is particularly noted. The general focus of his academic work centered on opposing Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation, supporting the papacy and the hierarchy of the Catholic Church.
Etymology: Latinized Latomus = Masson from Greek lā-tómos 'stone-cutter, quarryman', thus 'mason'.
2008 Shannons V8 Touring Car National Series
The Shannons V8 Touring Car National Series was an Australian touring car series held for V8 Supercars. It was the inaugural running of the V8 Touring Car National Series, a third-tier series for V8 Supercars. The season began on 17 May 2008 at the Mallala Motor Sport Park and finished on 30 November at Sandown Raceway. The season consisted of four rounds, held across three different states.

The series was won by Chris Smerdon who was the only driver to finish all twelve races, but also won eight races. He finished 130 points ahead of Steve Ingwersen who was the only other driver to attend all four rounds.

Sandown Raceway
Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately 25 km (16 mi) south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being 899 and 910 m (983 and 995 yd) long respectively.
Nodern Loves You
Nodern Loves You is a full-length music album arranged and recorded by artist and filmmaker Mitch Stratten (performing under the stage name Nodern) released on Sub Rosa records. Nodern Loves You was mastered by Denis Blackham in the Isle of Skye. The album artwork features a plain gold disc without any text visible through a partially black printed transparent sleeve.

Nodern Loves You was produced across three cities during a two year period. Critical acclaim from AllMusic described the album as "a variegated, provocative opus - rich in sonic detail and wordless imagery", while Robert Sandall cited its "intensity” on the BBC Radio 3 Sony Award nominated Mixing It show  and Brainwashed called the album "a work that is borne of his own universe.”

A video short was made to accompany the album which "went viral”   after it was featured on the popular website Boing Boing.

Boing Boing
Boing Boing is a website, first established as a zine in 1988, later becoming a group blog. Common topics and themes include technology, futurism, science fiction, gadgets, intellectual property, Disney, and left-wing politics. It twice won the Bloggies for Weblog of the Year, in 2004 and 2005. The editors are Mark Frauenfelder, David Pescovitz, Carla Sinclair, and Rob Beschizza, and the publisher is Jason Weisberger.

One report named Boing Boing as the most popular blog in the world until 2006, when Chinese-language blogs became popular; it remained among the most widely linked and cited blogs into the 2010s.
Whites Creek (Hunter Creek tributary)
Whites Creek is an Ozark stream in Douglas County, Missouri. It is a tributary of Hunter Creek.

The headwaters are at an elevation of about 1,250 feet and the mouth is at an elevation of 863 feet.

Whites Creek begins as a south flowing stream on the south side of Table Rock Knob just southeast of Ava and flows south for a short distance before turning east. The stream runs parallel to Missouri Route 14 and is bridged where the road turns south. Hoffmeister Spring emerges from a bluff along the north side of the stream a few hundred yards east of the bridge at 36°54′51″N 92°33′12″W﻿ / ﻿36.91417°N 92.55333°W﻿ / 36.91417; -92.55333 and an elevation of 892 feet.

Whites Creek has the name of a pioneer citizen with the surname White.

Missouri Route 14
Route 14 is a state highway traveling through the southern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. Its western terminus is at U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in Marionville, and its eastern terminus is at US 63 on the northern edge of West Plains. Route 14 is a two-lane highway for its entire length, however, there are plans to widen Route 14 in some spots.

Formerly this road's western terminus was at US 71 in Joplin, and its eastern terminus was at US 67 southwest of Poplar Bluff. These sections are now US 160, Route 174, and Interstate 44 (I-44). The section between Mount Vernon and the southeast corner of Douglas County was Route 40 from 1922 to 1926.
Midala Balami
Midala Usman Balami (born 26 March 1980) is a Nigerian politician. He is currently serving as the member representing Askira-Uba/Hawul Federal Constituency of Borno State in the House of Representatives.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
P. A. Payutto
P. A. Payutto (Thai: ป.อ. ปยุตฺโต; born 12 January 1938), also known by his current monastic title, Somdet Phra Buddhaghosacariya (Thai: สมเด็จพระพุทธโฆษาจารย์), is a well-known Thai Buddhist monk, an intellectual, and a prolific writer.

Payutto has lectured and written extensively about a variety of topics related to Buddhism, including the position of women in Buddhism and the relationship between Buddhism and the environment. He was awarded the 1994 UNESCO Prize for Peace Education.

Because changes in Thai monastic title involve adding or changing monastic names, Payutto has been known by, and published under, a variety of different names over his career. Previously, he was known as Phra Rajavaramuni, Phra Debvedhi, Phra Dhammapitaka, and Phra Bhramagunabhorn. Upon his appointment to the Sangha Supreme Council in 2016, his current title is Somdet Phra Buddhaghosacariya.

Sangha Supreme Council
The Sangha Supreme Council (Thai: มหาเถรสมาคม; Pali: Mahāthera Samāgama) is the governing body of the Buddhist order (Sangha) of Thailand, and is the ultimate authority for all ecclesiastical matters within the Thai Sangha. Its leadership consists of the country's highest ranking monks, who consult the Supreme Patriarch of Thailand with respect to administrative and theological matters. The Sangha Supreme Council was established on 1 January 1963, under the Sangha Act of 1962.