hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lamnoidea
Lamnoidea is a proposed superfamily of mackerel sharks, including families Lamnidae and Otodontidae. A number of characteristics, including regional endothermy, tooth morphology, and rostral cartilage morphology, have been suggested to support a sister group relationship between lamnids and otodontids. However, the hypothesis has been described as "unfounded" by K. Shimada, who suggests that there is "not even one decisive diagnostic character supporting the validity" of Lamnoidea, and that the relationship of otodontids to other members of Lamniformes remains uncertain.

Otodontidae
Otodontidae is an extinct family of sharks belonging to the order Lamniformes. Its members have been described as megatoothed sharks. They lived from the Early Cretaceous to the Pliocene, and included genera such as Otodus, including the giant megalodon. Although traditionally classified under Carcharocles, studies of the genus Megalolamna indicate that the megatoothed sharks were likely members of Otodus. The genus Cretalamna which lived from the mid-Cretaceous-Paleogene is believed to be directly ancestral to Otodus, and thus to megalodon.

There are certain dubious species of Otodontidae included species where teeth are not properly described, such as Otodus debrayi, Otodus stromeri, Otodus rondelettiformis, and Otodus hastalis. These dubious species are considered to be synonymous or are pending reassesment of their validity.
Red Main
The Red Main (German: Roter Main or Rotmain) is a river in southern Germany. It is the southern, left headstream of the river Main. It rises in the hills of Franconian Switzerland, near Haag and flows generally northwest through the towns Creußen, Bayreuth, Heinersreuth and Neudrossenfeld. It merges with the White Main near Kulmbach to form the Main. The Red Main is 72 kilometres (45 mi) long and descends a total of 283 metres (928 ft).

The waters of the Red Main flow through a region of clayey soils, which is why the river carries a lot of suspended solids, especially after rainfall, and acquires a red-brown colour, hence the name Red Main.

Suspended solids
Suspended solids refers to small solid particles which remain in suspension in water as a colloid or due to motion of the water. Suspended solids can be removed by sedimentation if their size or density is comparatively large, or by filtration. It is used as one indicator of water quality and of the strength of sewage, or wastewater in general. It is an important design parameter for sewage treatment processes.

It is sometimes abbreviated SS, but is not to be confused with settleable solids, also abbreviated SS, which contribute to the blocking of sewer pipes.
Chalmers University of Technology
Chalmers University of Technology (Swedish: Chalmers tekniska högskola, commonly referred to as Chalmers) is a private research university located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers focuses on engineering and science, but more broadly it also conducts research and offers education in shipping, architecture and management. The university has approximately 3,100 employees and 10,000 students.

Chalmers coordinates the development of a Swedish quantum computer
and
the Graphene Flagship, a European Union research initiative to develop commercial technologies with graphene.

The university is a co-founder of the CDIO Initiative, a member of the UNITECH International program, the IDEA League, the Nordic Five Tech, 
and the ENHANCE alliances as well as the EURECOM consortium and the CESAER network.

Aktiebolag
Aktiebolag (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈâktsɪɛbʊˌlɑːɡ], "stock company") is the Swedish term for "limited company" or "corporation". When used in company names, it is abbreviated as "AB" (in Sweden), "Ab" (in Finland), or, rarely, "A/B" (dated), roughly equivalent to the abbreviations Corp., Ltd., and PLC. The state authority responsible for the registration of aktiebolag in Sweden is the Swedish Companies Registration Office.
1994 European Grand Prix
The 1994 European Grand Prix (formally the XXXIX Gran Premio de Europa) was a Formula One motor race held on 16 October 1994 at the Circuito Permanente de Jerez, Jerez, Spain. It was the fourteenth race of the 1994 Formula One World Championship.

The 69-lap race was won from pole position by Michael Schumacher, driving a Benetton-Ford. Schumacher, returning from a two-race ban, took his eighth victory of the season by 24.6 seconds from Drivers' Championship rival Damon Hill in the Williams-Renault, with Mika Häkkinen third in a McLaren-Peugeot.

The win put Schumacher five points ahead of Hill with two races remaining, while Benetton regained the lead of the Constructors' Championship from Williams.

Circuito de Jerez
Circuito de Jerez – Ángel Nieto (formerly known as Circuito de Jerez and Circuito de Velocidad Jerez), is a 4.428 km (2.751 mi) racing circuit located close to the city of Jerez de la Frontera, 90-kilometre (56 mi) south of Seville and deep within the sherry-producing region in the south of Spain. The project was led by the Spanish engineer Manuel Medina Lara, based on a preliminary idea from Alessandro Rocci.
Sharjah Fort
Sharjah Fort (Al Hisn Sharjah) is a double story traditional rock, coral and adobe fortification in the centre of the city of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

The fort was originally constructed in 1820 by the then Ruler of Sharjah, Sheikh Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi, following his accession to the 1820 General Maritime Treaty with the British. It was partially demolished in January 1970, the one remaining tower (called 'Kubs', that to the far right of the fort) lending its name to the square in which it sits, 'Al Burj', Arabic for 'tower'.

The fort has been restored by the current Ruler as part of a comprehensive programme of ongoing restoration of the traditional core of the old port city of Sharjah under the name 'Heart of Sharjah'. The restoration of Sharjah Fort commenced in January 1996 and was completed in April 1997.

General Maritime Treaty of 1820
The General Maritime Treaty of 1820 was initially signed between the rulers of Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah and Great Britain in January 1820, with the nearby island state of Bahrain acceding to the treaty in the following February. Its full title was the "General Treaty for the Cessation of Plunder and Piracy by Land and Sea, Dated February 5, 1820".

The treaty was signed following decades of maritime conflict in the Persian Gulf, with British, French, and Omani flagged ships involved in a series of disputes and actions that were characterized by officials of the British East India Company as acts of piracy on the part of the dominant local maritime force, the Qawasim. It led to the establishment of the British protectorate over the Trucial States, which would last until the independence of the United Arab Emirates on 2 December 1971.
Gwichyaa Gwichʼin
Gwichyaa Gwichʼin (alternate spelling: Gwich'yaa Gwichʼin or Kutchakutchin, translation: "those who dwell on the Flats") are a Gwich'in people who live in the Yukon Flats area of Alaska, USA.  This includes the Fort Yukon (originally "Gwicyaa Zhee"; translation: "house on the Flats") area on both banks of the Yukon River from Birch Creek to Porcupine River;" the Senati 65°15′58″N 151°10′59″W﻿ / ﻿65.266°N 151.183°W﻿ / 65.266; -151.183 area of the middle Yukon River, the namesake of Sahneuti, Gwich'in chief and fur trader; and Venetie.

Fort Yukon, Alaska
Fort Yukon (Gwichyaa Zheh in Gwichʼin) is a village in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska, straddling the Arctic Circle. The population, predominantly Gwichʼin Alaska Natives, was 428 at the 2020 census, down from 595 in 2000.

Fort Yukon was the hometown of the late Alaska Congressman Don Young. Served by Fort Yukon Airport, it is also known for having the record highest temperature in Alaska.
Tice James
Tice Livingston James (December 14, 1914 – March 13, 1989), nicknamed "Winky", was an American Negro league shortstop between 1936 and 1946.

A native of Key West, Florida, James made his Negro leagues debut in 1936 with the Chicago American Giants, and played for the club again in 1941. He also played for the Memphis Red Sox and Cleveland Buckeyes, and finished his career with a short stint with the Indianapolis Clowns in 1946. James died in Wiggins, Mississippi in 1989 at age 74.

Cleveland Buckeyes
The Cleveland Buckeyes were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1942 to 1950 in the Negro American League. The Buckeyes played in two Negro World Series, defeating the Washington Homestead Grays in 1945, and losing to the New York Cubans in 1947. They were based in Cincinnati for their first season and Louisville for their second-to-last season.
The Salterton Trilogy
The Salterton Trilogy consists of the first three novels by Canadian novelist Robertson Davies: Tempest-Tost (1951), Leaven of Malice (1954), and A Mixture of Frailties (1958). The series was also published in one volume as The Salterton Trilogy in 1986.

The trilogy revolves around the residents of the imaginary town of Salterton, Ontario. Salterton is a fictionalized Kingston, Ontario.

Davies was awarded the Stephen Leacock Award for Humour in 1955 for Leaven of Malice.

Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour
The Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour, also known as the Stephen Leacock Medal for Humour or just the Leacock Medal, is an annual Canadian literary award presented for the best book of humour written in English by a Canadian writer, published or self-published in the previous year. The silver medal, designed by sculptor Emanuel Hahn, is a tribute to well-known Canadian humorist Stephen Leacock (1869–1944) and is accompanied by a cash prize of CA$25,000. It is presented in the late spring or early summer each year, during a banquet ceremony in or near Leacock’s hometown of Orillia, Ontario.

The medal is one of the oldest literary prizes in Canada and is the only one awarded to a work of humour. It has been awarded every year since 1947 with the exception of 1959 when it was reported that no worthy entries had been submitted.
Fakhr al-Din al-Akhlati
Fakhr al-Din al-Akhlati (Kurdish: Fexredînê Exlatî, Fakhr al-Din al-Kurdi al-Akhlati; Arabic: فخر الدين الأخلاتي; flourished c. 1260), was a Kurdish and Islamic astronomer from Anatolia, who worked at the Maragha observatory. He was one of the first elites that the Persian polymath Nasir al-Din al-Tusi recruited to work in there. Al-Akhlati's life was in a period contemporaneous with the fall of Baghdad at the hands of the Mongols in 1258.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
Le Grand Journal (Canadian TV program)
Le Grand Journal was a Canadian news television program, which aired on the TQS network in Quebec from 1986 to 2008. The program was anchored by Jean-Luc Mongrain. The program was cancelled in 2008, prior to the network's rebranding as V in 2009.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
2024 Offaly County Council election
An election to all 19 seats on Offaly  County Council was held on 7 June 2024 as part of the 2024 Irish local elections. County Offaly  is divided into 3 local electoral areas (LEAs) to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Local electoral area
A local electoral area (LEA; Irish: toghlimistéar áitiúil) is an electoral area for elections to local authorities in Ireland. All elections use the single transferable vote. Ireland is divided into 166 LEAs, with an average population of 28,700 and average area of 423.3 square kilometres (163.4 sq mi). The boundaries of LEAs are determined by order of the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage, usually based on lower-level units called electoral divisions (EDs), with a total of 3,440 EDs in the state.

As well as their use for electoral purposes, LEAs are local administrative units in Eurostat NUTS classification. They are used in local numbers of cases of COVID-19.
1982–83 Saudi Premier League
The 1982–83 Saudi Premier League was the 7th season of Saudi Premier League since its establishment in 1976. Al-Ittihad were the defending champions, having won their 1st title in the previous season. The campaign began on 16 December 1982 and ended on 8 April 1983. The number of teams in the league was reduced from the previous season. The league was contested by 10 teams, the top 5 teams from Groups A and B.

Al-Nahda Club (Saudi Arabia)
Al Nahda (Arabic: نادي النهضة) is a Saudi football club based in the city of Dammam, Eastern province. Established in 1949, they currently play in the Saudi First Division, which is the second tier of the Saudi football league system.

In the 2007–08 season, under the lead of the Croatian coach Dragan Talajić, Al Nahda played the finals of the Prince Faisal Cup, being the first team from the Saudi Second League to play in the final.
Kamarang Airport
Kamarang Airport (IATA: KAR, ICAO: SYKM) is an airport serving the town of Kamarang, in the Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region of Guyana.

The Kamarang non-directional beacon (Ident: KAM) is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north of the field.

The paved runway (asphalt) is 1,220 metres long (4000') by 18 metres wide (60').

Cuyuni-Mazaruni
Cuyuni-Mazaruni (Region 7)  is a region of Guyana. Its capital is Bartica, with villages including Issano, Kartabo, Kamarang, and Imbaimadai.

It borders the regions of Barima-Waini, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara and Pomeroon-Supenaam to the north, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the east, the region of Potaro-Siparuni, and borders the Brazilian state of Roraima to the south.

It covers an area of 47,213 km². Before the 1980 administrative reform most of the area belonged to the Mazaruni-Potaro district.
PLS (complexity)
In computational complexity theory, Polynomial Local Search (PLS) is a complexity class that models the difficulty of finding a locally optimal solution to an optimization problem. The main characteristics of problems that lie in PLS are that the cost of a solution can be calculated in polynomial time and the neighborhood of a solution can be searched in polynomial time. Therefore it is possible to verify whether or not a solution is a local optimum in polynomial time.
Furthermore, depending on the problem and the algorithm that is used for solving the problem, it might be faster to find a local optimum instead of a global optimum.

Graph partition
In mathematics, a graph partition is the reduction of a graph to a smaller graph by partitioning its set of nodes into mutually exclusive groups. Edges of the original graph that cross between the groups will produce edges in the partitioned graph. If the number of resulting edges is small compared to the original graph, then the partitioned graph may be better suited for analysis and problem-solving than the original. Finding a partition that simplifies graph analysis is a hard problem, but one that has applications to scientific computing, VLSI circuit design, and task scheduling in multiprocessor computers, among others. Recently, the graph partition problem has gained importance due to its application for clustering and detection of cliques in social, pathological and biological networks. For a survey on recent trends in computational methods and applications see Buluc et al. (2013).
Two common examples of graph partitioning are minimum cut and maximum cut problems.
John de Braideston
John de Braideston (died after 1334) was an English Crown official who also served as a judge in Ireland.

His name suggests that he was born in Braydeston, a deserted medieval village close to Brundall, Norfolk: the Church of St Michael and All Angels, Braydeston still survives. He is first heard of in Kent in 1323, when he was in business as a corn merchant. In 1327 he was steward to Walter Reynolds, Archbishop of Canterbury, and the following year he sat on a commission of oyer and terminer in Surrey, suggesting that he was a qualified lawyer (in Ireland at least this was not at the time a requirement to be a Baron of the  Court of Exchequer).

He was sent to Ireland as Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer in 1329 and served in that office for two years. In 1330 John de Mohun appointed Braideston and his colleague John de Grauntsete as his attorneys. Braideston returned to England shortly after, and was still living in 1334.

Court of Exchequer (Ireland)
The Court of Exchequer (Ireland), or the Irish Exchequer of Pleas, was one of the senior courts of common law in Ireland. It was the mirror image of the equivalent court in England. The Court of Exchequer was one of the four royal courts of justice which gave their name to the building in Dublin in which they were located, which is still called the Four Courts, and is in use as a courthouse.
Head Shoulders Knees & Toes
"Head Shoulders Knees & Toes" is a song by French DJ duo Ofenbach and German DJ duo Quarterhead featuring vocals by American singer Norma Jean Martine. It was released through Ofenbach Music, Spinnin' Records, and Warner Music on 8 May 2020.

Ofenbach (DJs)
Ofenbach is a French DJ duo founded in 2014, consisting of Dorian Lauduique and César de Rummel and based in Paris. Their gold-certified song "Be Mine" charted on the Billboard Dance/Mix Show Airplay reached number 35. After releasing songs like "Around the Fire" and "You Don't Know Me", they gained support from artists such as Robin Schulz and Tiësto. They are also known for remixing songs from Bob Sinclar, Hyphen Hyphen, and James Bay.
SS Empire Energy
SS Empire Energy was a cargo steamship. She was built in Germany in 1923 as Grete for small German tramp shipping company. In 1934 the Italian shipping magnate Achille Lauro bought her and renamed her Gabbiano.

When Italy entered the Second World War in 1940, Gabbiano was in a British port, so the Royal Navy seized her. The UK Ministry of Shipping renamed her  Empire Energy, and appointed a British tramp company to manage her. In 1941 she was wrecked on the coast of Newfoundland. Her wreck remains on the shore at Cape Norman to this day.

Cape Norman
Cape Norman is a barren, limestone headland located at the northernmost point of insular Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Cape Norman first appeared on French maps as Cap Dordois, in 1713, and then as Cap Normand in 1744. Eventually, the name became anglicised to Cape Norman.
Surprenant
Surprenant is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Surprenant (born 1989), soccer player

Claude Surprenant, politician

Danielle Surprenant (born 1985), director of athletics

Heather Surprenant, politician

Claude Surprenant
Claude Surprenant is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 election. He represented the electoral district of Groulx as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec until 2017, when he was removed from the CAQ caucus. He then sat as an independent member of the assembly until 2018, when he was defeated in the 2018 election.
Petrogradets
Petrogradets (UCI team code: PCW) was a Russian professional cycling team, which competed in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's Road World Cup. For the 2010 season, the team merged with Fenixs.

UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.
MAC Awards
The MAC Awards, established in 1986, are presented annually to honor achievements in cabaret, comedy and jazz. They are administered by the non-profit Manhattan Association of Cabarets & Clubs (MAC), founded in 1983, and voted on by the MAC membership.

The Awards encompass more than two dozen categories, such as: vocalists and vocal groups, piano bar and jazz performers, comedy and musical performers, writers of songs and special material, directors, musical directors, recordings, and musical revues. In addition, through special awards, MAC salutes outstanding contributions to the field of live entertainment, including Lifetime Achievement Awards. Honorees of the MAC Awards have included Liza Minnelli, Barry Manilow, Rosemary Clooney, Stephen Schwartz, The Manhattan Transfer, Keely Smith, Betty Buckley, Maureen McGovern, Polly Bergen, and BenDeLaCreme.

Stephen Schwartz
Stephen Lawrence Schwartz (born March 6, 1948) is an American musical theatre composer and lyricist. In a career spanning over five decades, Schwartz has written hit musicals including Godspell (1971), Pippin (1972), and Wicked (2003). He has contributed lyrics to successful films including Pocahontas (1995), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), The Prince of Egypt (1998, music and lyrics), Enchanted (2007), Disenchanted (2022), and the two-part adaptation of Wicked (2024–2025, music and lyrics).

Schwartz has earned numerous accolades including three Grammy Awards, three Academy Awards, and a Golden Globe Award. He has received nominations for six Tony Awards, and a Laurence Olivier Award. He received the Tony Award's Isabelle Stevenson Award in 2015.
His son, Scott, directed The Hunchback of Notre Dame (musical).
SS X-1
X-1 (or SS X-1) was a United States Navy Midget Submarine designed under project SCB 65. Laid down on 8 June 1954, at Deer Park, Long Island, New York, by the Engine Division of Fairchild Engine and Airplane Corporation. Launched on 7 September 1955, at Oyster Bay, Long Island, by Jakobson Shipyard. Delivered to the Navy on 6 October at New London, Connecticut and placed in service on 7 October 1955 with Lieutenant Kevin Hanlon in command.

Jakobson Shipyard
The Jakobson Shipyard, Inc. was a shipyard involved in manufacture of tugs, ferries, submarines, minesweepers, yachts, fireboats and other craft, based in Brooklyn, New York, from 1926 to 1938, and Oyster Bay, New York, from 1938 to 1984.