hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jura separatism
Jura separatism (French: séparatisme jurassien) is a regionalist autonomist movement in the Bernese Jura of Switzerland.

The "Jura question" (French: question jurassienne; German: Jurafrage) is the question of secession of the Jura region from Bern, implemented partially as three of seven districts formed the Canton of Jura in 1979, while the remaining four opted to remain with Bern.

Laufen District
Laufen District or Laufental District (French: District de Laufon) is one of the five districts of the largely German-speaking canton of Basel-Country, Switzerland. Its capital is the town of Laufen.

Prior to 1994, it was a district of the canton of Bern, one of the seven historical districts of the Bernese Jura.  In 1979, three neighbouring French-speaking districts of Bern seceded to form the new canton of Jura. Laufen was left as an exclave of Bern, wedged between Jura, Solothurn, Basel-Country, and France. In 1989, the populace voted to secede from Bern and join Basel-Country. After a transitional period of preparation, this was effected in 1994.

It had a population of 20,524 (as of 30 June 2021).
Ephod Combat Vest
The Ephod Combat Vest, also designated variously the A10 Model Infantry Load-bearing Rig, Individual Carrying Equipment, and "New style" Load Bearing Equipment, is a personal equipment system issued to the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) of the State of Israel since the mid-1970s. It replaced the modular-based 1950s "Old style" tan-khaki cotton canvas equipment (similar in design to the British Army's 58 pattern webbing) and a variety of load-carrying waistcoats and assault vests used by Israeli infantry and elite units during the 1967 Six-Day War, the 1967-1970 War of Attrition, and the 1973 Yom Kippur War.

Tan (color)
Tan is a pale tone of brown. The name is derived from tannum (oak bark) used in the tanning of leather.

The first documented usage of tan as a color name in English was in the year 1590.

Colors which are similar or may be considered synonymous to tan include: tawny, tenné, and fulvous.
Cell breathing (telephony)
In CDMA-based cellular networks, cell breathing is a mechanism which allows overloaded cells to offload subscriber traffic to neighbouring cells by changing the geographic size of their service area. Heavily loaded cells decrease in size while neighbouring cells increase their service area to compensate. Thus, some traffic is handed off from the overloaded cell to neighbouring cells, resulting in load balancing.

Load balancing (computing)
In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units) with the aim of making their overall processing more efficient. Load balancing can optimize response time and avoid unevenly overloading some compute nodes while other compute nodes are left idle.

Load balancing is the subject of research in the field of parallel computers. Two main approaches exist: static algorithms, which do not take into account the state of the different machines, and dynamic algorithms, which are usually more general and more efficient but require exchanges of information between the different computing units, at the risk of a loss of efficiency.
1965 Paris–Nice
The 1965 Paris–Nice was the 23rd edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 9 March to 16 March 1965. The race started in Paris and finished in Nice. The race was won by Jacques Anquetil of the Ford France team.

Ford France (cycling team)
Ford France was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1965 to 1966. The team's main sponsor was Ford France, a subsidiary of the American automaker Ford Motor Company. The team had two different co-sponsors for both seasons, bicycle manufacturer Gitane and tire manufacturer Hutchinson SA, respectively.
Stringham
Stringham  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Stringham (born 1975), American professor and writer

Edwin Stringham (1890–1974), American composer

Frank D. Stringham (1872–1931), American politician

Irving Stringham (1847–1909), American mathematician

Silas Stringham (1798–1876), American naval officer

Edward Stringham
Edward Peter Stringham (born January 18, 1975) is an Austrian School American economist, former President of the American Institute for Economic Research in Great Barrington, Massachusetts (until May 2021), and the Davis Professor of Economic Innovation at Trinity College (Connecticut).
Hanoi Bulls FC
Hanoi Bulls Football Club, commonly known as Hanoi Bulls FC (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ bóng đá Hanoi Bulls), is an amateur football club based in Hanoi, Vietnam. The club currently competes in the Vietnamese Third Division, the lowest tier of Vietnamese football. The club's home ground is the Xuân La Stadium, in Tây Hồ, Hanoi.

Tây Hồ district
Tây Hồ (West Lake) is an urban district (quận) located on the north side of central Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. The district wraps around the West Lake (hồ Tây), one of the largest natural lakes of Vietnam. The district currently has 8 wards, covering a total area of 24.39 square kilometres (9.42 sq mi). As of 2019, there were 160,495 people residing in the district, the population density is 6,600 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Tây Hồ is a high-end residential area, housing a large population of expatriates and many Western restaurants and boutiques. Tây Hồ is popular with expats because of its infrastructure, schools, hospitals, and restaurants.
Bevata
Bevata is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vangaindrano, which is a part of Atsimo-Atsinanana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 11,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. It is also a site of industrial-scale  mining. The majority 94% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 1% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are rice and coffee, while other important agricultural products are bananas, cassava and pepper. Industry and services provide employment for 1% and 4% of the population, respectively.

Atsimo-Atsinanana
Atsimo-Atsinanana (South East) is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Fitovinany and Haute Matsiatra (North), Ihorombe (West) and Anosy (South).

The population was 1,026,674 in 2018. It is among the poorest regions in the country, with a poverty rate of 83.9% according to a 2005 government report.
Katsuragawa Hoshū
Katsuragawa Hoshū (桂川 甫周; 1751 – August 2, 1809) was a Japanese physician and scholar of rangaku (Western studies). He served the Tokugawa shogunate as a physician and as a translator of Dutch. He was the older brother of author and rangaku scholar Morishima Chūryō.

As the eldest son of the Katsuragawa family, Dutch-style physicians to the shōgun, Hoshū was appointed to that position in 1777.  He began teaching at the shogunal School of Medicine in 1794.  In addition to collaborating with Sugita Genpaku on Kaitai Shinsho, the first Japanese translation of a Western treatise on anatomy, he was the author of Hokusa Bunryaku, one of the earliest Japanese accounts of Russia.

He learned surgery with Nakagawa Jun'an from Carl Peter Thunberg when he was in Nagasaki. By the recommendation of Thunberg, Kirill Laxman wrote a letter to him. However, the letter was taken by Tokugawa shogunate and never returned. (See. Kirill Laxman#Letters to Japanese scholars)

Carl Peter Thunberg
Carl Peter Thunberg, also known as Karl Peter von Thunberg, Carl Pehr Thunberg, or Carl Per Thunberg (11 November 1743 – 8 August 1828), was a Swedish naturalist and an "apostle" of Carl Linnaeus. After studying under Linnaeus at Uppsala University, he spent seven years travelling in southern Africa and Asia, collecting and describing many plants and animals new to European science, and observing local cultures. He has been called "the father of South African botany", "pioneer of Occidental Medicine in Japan", and the "Japanese Linnaeus".
DYRJ-FM
DYRJ (100.3 FM) is a relay station of RJFM Manila, owned and operated by Rajah Broadcasting Network through its licensee Free Air Broadcasting Network, Inc. The station's relay transmitter is located at the 10th Floor, Ludo and Luym Building, Plaridel Street, Cebu City.

Rajah Broadcasting Network
Rajah Broadcasting Network, Inc. (which stands for RAmon JAcinto Holdings) is a Philippine television and radio network owned by guitarist-singer-businessman Ramon "RJ" Jacinto. The network's studio headquarters is located at Ventures I Building, Makati Avenue cor. General Luna Street, Makati, Metro Manila.
Negros Force
Negros Force was a WWII-era Philippine Army unit activated by the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) from September 1, 1941, to May 12, 1942. The force did not fight during the war but played a role in organizing units deployed to different sectors. The force also continued to fight as a guerilla force after the war. The two provinces on the island were never united during the conflict, due to the different affiliations of their commanders.

Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) (Filipino: Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare. As of 2025, it had an estimated strength of 110,000 personnel. The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines.

The Philippine Army has been engaged in numerous combat operations, including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope and on United Nations peacekeeping missions in various parts of the globe.

The Commanding General of the Philippine Army is its professional and overall head. Its main headquarters (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) is located at Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City.
2019 CAA women's soccer tournament
The 2019 CAA women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Colonial Athletic Association held from November 1 through November 9, 2019. The tournament was held at campus sites, with the higher seed hosting each game. The defending champions were the Hofstra Pride, who successfully defended their title, beating the James Madison Dukes 5–1 in the final.
The conference tournament title was the sixth overall for the Hofstra women's soccer program and the fifth overall for head coach Simon Riddiough.  Both Hofstra and Riddiough have won three straight CAA Tournaments.

Hofstra Pride
The Hofstra Pride (formerly the Hofstra Flying Dutchmen) are composed of 17 teams representing Hofstra University in intercollegiate athletics, including men and women’s basketball, cross-country running, golf, lacrosse, soccer, tennis and track and field. Men’s sports include baseball and wrestling. Women’s sports include volleyball, field hockey, and softball. The Pride compete in the NCAA Division I and have been members of the Colonial Athletic Association in most sports since 2001. They were previously members of the America East Conference.

Until 2001, Hofstra's nickname was the Flying Dutchmen (shortened to simply "Dutchmen" or "Dutch"), a homage to the Dutch heritage of university founder William S. Hofstra. The Pride refer to the two lions on Hofstra's longtime logo, which school officials felt was more meaningful.
Valve amplifier
A valve amplifier or tube amplifier is a type of electronic amplifier that uses vacuum tubes to increase the  amplitude or power of a signal. Low to medium power valve amplifiers for frequencies below the microwaves were largely replaced by solid state amplifiers in the 1960s and 1970s.
Valve amplifiers can be used for applications such as guitar amplifiers, satellite transponders such as DirecTV and GPS, high quality stereo amplifiers, military applications (such as radar) and very high power radio and UHF television transmitters.

Solid-state electronics
Solid-state electronics are semiconductor electronics: electronic equipment that use semiconductor devices such as transistors, diodes and integrated circuits (ICs).  The term is also used as an adjective for devices in which semiconductor electronics that have no moving parts replace devices with moving parts, such as the solid-state relay, in which transistor switches are used in place of a moving-arm electromechanical relay, or the solid-state drive (SSD), a type of semiconductor memory used in computers to replace hard disk drives, which store data on rotating disks.
1997 Asian Women's Volleyball Championship
The 1997 Asian Women's Volleyball Championship was the ninth edition of the Asian Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Philippine Volleyball Federation (PVF). The tournament was held in Manila, Philippines from 21 to 28 September 1997.

Sun Yue (volleyball)
Sun Yue (孙玥; born March 31, 1973) is a retired Chinese volleyball player who was predominantly an outside hitter. She was a member of the China women's national volleyball team that won the silver medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
Palo (album)
Palo is the eighth studio album by the Finnish melodic death metal band Kalmah, released on 6 April 2018. The album was recorded at Tico-Tico Studios in Kemi, Finland, and was mixed by Ahti Kortelainen and mastered by Svante Forsbäck (Rammstein, Volbeat, Apocalyptica).

Kalmah
Kalmah is a Finnish melodic death metal band from Pudasjärvi that formed in 1998. In less than a year after its formation, Kalmah was signed by Spinefarm Records. The word "kalmah" is Karelian and could be translated as "to the grave" or "to the death".
Mike Magario
Mike Magario   (born November 18, 1991) is a Brazilian professional baseball outfielder, who is in the Tokyo Yakult Swallows organization. He attended Aomori Yamada High School and represented Brazil at  2013 World Baseball Classic.

Brazil national baseball team
The Brazil national baseball team (Portuguese: Seleção Brasileira de Beisebol) is the national baseball team of Brazil. The team represents Brazil in international competitions. It is currently ranked 22nd in the world.

The Brazilian team was once nicknamed both as "Araras Azuis" (Blue Parrots) and "Os Carteiros" (The Correios Mailmans) due the main blue and yellow uniforms, but as 2025, there is not an official nickname or a widely known nickname.

Team Brazil will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.
El Banco, Magdalena
El Banco (meaning "river bank" in Spanish), also called Cumbia Empire City, is a municipality of Colombia located in the southernmost part of the department of Magdalena, at the confluence of the Magdalena and Cesar River. It is part of the Depresión momposina. Surrounded by the Zapatosa and Chilloa swamps.

Cesar River
The Cesar River (Spanish: Río Cesar) is a river in northern Colombia which is a part of the Magdalena Basin. It flows through the Cesar-Ranchería Basin and separates the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta from the mountain ranges of the Serranía del Perijá, an extension of the Cordillera Oriental. It flows north to south, down from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the Guajira Department onto the Cesar Department and flowing into the Zapatosa Marsh where it turns to the southwest and discharges into the Magdalena River after 280 kilometers. Valledupar is the only major city on its route.
Matt Davies (rugby league)
Matt Davies (born 9 April 1998) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a hooker for the Cairns Brothers who play in Cairns District Rugby League .

He played for the London Broncos in the Super League, and has spent time on loan from the Broncos at the London Skolars, Oxford and the Coventry Bears in League 1.

Oxford Rugby League
Oxford Rugby League was a semi-professional rugby league club based in Oxford, England. The club was formed in 2012 and joined League 1 in 2013, playing for five seasons before agreeing to merge with Gloucestershire All Golds following the 2017 season, resulting in both clubs exiting the league in order to form  a new club, Bristol Rugby League, which intended to enter League 1 from the 2019 season. However, when this didn't happen, All Golds continued on its own in the southern league, leaving Oxford to simply fold.
Georgios Tryfonidis
Georgios Tryfonidis (Greek: Γεώργιος Τρυφωνίδης; 30 April 1945 – 26 June 2025) was a Greek politician. A member of New Democracy, he served in the Hellenic Parliament from 1993 to 2004 and again from 2007 to 2009.

Tryfonidis died in Athens on 26 June 2025, at the age of 80. He was buried at the First Cemetery of Athens on Monday the 30th of June 2025.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Francisco Becerra Posada
Francisco Becerra Posada, a Mexican researcher, is the former Assistant Director of the Pan American Health Organization. He has been an advocate for the strengthening of health research and for the use of research for decision making by politicians and donors, with a focus on Latin American countries.

Pan American Health Organization
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) in charge of international health cooperation in the Americas. It fosters technical cooperation among member countries to fight communicable and noncommunicable diseases, strengthen health systems, and respond to emergencies and disasters.

PAHO has 35 Member States and four Associate Members in the region. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., PAHO is the regional office for the World Health Organization in the Americas, and the health organization of the Inter-American System. It is known in Latin America as the OPS  (Spanish: Organización Panamericana de la Salud) or OPAS (Portuguese: Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde).
Sir Francis Compton
Sir Francis Compton (c.1629 – 20 December 1716) was an English soldier and politician. He sat in the Cavalier Parliament of the House of Commons between 1664 and 1679.

Compton was the 5th son of Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton. His brothers included Sir Charles Compton and Sir William Compton.

Compton married 4 times. His first marriage was to Elizabeth, the daughter and co-heir of Sir Capel Bedell, 1st Baronet. The second, in  June 1664, was to Jane daughter of Sir John Trevor. Jane died in 1677, and he later married Mary, daughter of Samuel Fortrey of Kew, widow of Sir Thomas Trevor, 1st Baronet. His fourth marriage, in 1699, was to Sarah, niece of Anthony Rowe MP of Whitehall.

He was commissioned in February 1661 as a lieutenant in the Royal Horse Guards (The Blues), and knighted in December of that year.
He rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1678.

He was a Member of Parliament for Warwick from 1664 to 1679.

Warwick (UK Parliament constituency)
Warwick was a parliamentary borough consisting of the town of Warwick, within the larger Warwickshire constituency of England.  It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of England from 1295 to 1707, to the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and then to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 1885.

Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished for the 1885 general election, when it was largely replaced by the new single-member constituency of Warwick and Leamington.
Hippie Hollow Park
Hippie Hollow Park (originally known as McGregor County Park) is a park located on the shore of Lake Travis in northwest Austin. It is the only legally recognized clothing-optional public park in the State of Texas. Though the land is owned by the Lower Colorado River Authority, it is leased to Travis County, whose Parks Department has administered the park since 1985. Sometimes erroneously labeled as a beach, the park actually sits on a somewhat steep slope above Lake Travis with limestone steps that can be quite rugged in some spots. Depending on the water level of the lake, access to the water may require some rock climbing.

Travis County, Texas
Travis County is located in Central Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,290,188. It is the fifth-most populous county in Texas. Its county seat and most populous city is Austin, the state's capital. The county was established in 1840 and is named in honor of William Barret Travis, the commander of the Republic of Texas forces at the Battle of the Alamo. Travis County is part of the Austin–Round Rock–Georgetown metropolitan area. It is located along the Balcones Fault, the boundary between the Edwards Plateau to the west and the Blackland Prairie to the east.
Kleinia stapeliiformis
Kleinia stapeliiformis is an evergreen succulent plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Cape Provinces and Northern Provinces of South Africa. It is sometimes referred to as the "pickle plant" or (inaccurately) as the "pickle cactus", due to its form. It grows erect, leafless stems with soft spines, and displays a green-and-white pattern visually similar to some Stapelia species, from which the species name derives. It grows to 30 cm (rarely up to 2.5 m) tall  and displays red or orange flowers (disc florets only; no ray florets) similar to those of a thistle in the summer.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.