hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oscar Turner (1825–1896)
Oscar Turner (February 3, 1825 – January 22, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky, father of Oscar Turner.

Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, Turner moved with his parents to Fayette County, Kentucky, in 1826.
He completed preparatory studies.
He moved to Ballard County, Kentucky, in 1843.
He was graduated from the law department of Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky, in 1847.
Commonwealth attorney 1851–1855.
He was admitted to the bar and practiced until 1861.
He represented the 2nd district of the Kentucky Senate from 1867 to 1871, which comprised Ballard, Marshall, and McCracken Counties.

Turner was elected as an Independent Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress, as a Democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress, and as an Independent Democrat to the Forty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885).
He resumed the practice of law.
He died in Louisville, Kentucky, on January 22, 1896.
He was interred in Cave Hill Cemetery.

Transylvania University
Transylvania University (often shortened as Transy) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780 and is Kentucky's oldest university. It offers 46 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program has graduated 8,000 physicians since 1859.

Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the institution's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which existed between 1775 and 1776 in southern and western Kentucky.

It is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, 50 U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of American statesmen.
Kaatteri
Kaatteri (transl. Forest Vampire, and also spelled Katteri) is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language comedy horror film written and directed by Deekay and produced by K. E. Gnanavel Raja under his production banner Studio Green.  The film stars Vaibhav, Sonam Bajwa, Varalaxmi Sarathkumar  and Aathmika, while Karunakaran, Ravi Mariya, and Kutty Gopi play supporting roles. The film's music is composed by S. N. Prasad with editing by Praveen K. L. and cinematography by Vignesh Vasu. The film released theatrically on 5 August 2022 and was a box-office bomb.

Praveen K. L.
Kuchipudi Latha Praveen (born 1987 or 1988) is an Indian film editor, who works predominantly in Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam and English films. He is a recipient of one National Film Award, one Tamil Nadu State Film Award among others. He has edited over 100 films across different languages so far. His next film is Jason Sanjay's directorial debut.
Law of Illinois
The law of Illinois, a state of the United States, consists of several levels, including constitutional, statutory, and regulatory law, as well as case law and local law.  Illinois state law is promulgated under the Illinois State Constitution. The Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) form the general statutory law.  The case law of the Illinois Supreme Court and state appellate courts is currently published online under a public domain reporting system.  Interpretations of law and conflicts among the various levels of law are referred to the Illinois courts in suits for application of common law. The states administrative law is published in codified form in the Illinois Administrative Code.  Local ordinances are published by the respective local authorities, which are granted that authority under state law.

Secretary of State of Illinois
The secretary of state of Illinois is one of the six elected executive state offices of the government of Illinois, and one of the 47 secretaries of state in the United States. The Illinois secretary of state keeps the state records, laws, library, and archives, and is the state's corporation registration, vehicle registration and driver licensing authority. The current secretary of state is Alexi Giannoulias, a Democrat who took office in 2023.
Betterton Report on Public Assistance
The Betterton Report on Public Assistance was a 1924 report on the British system of public assistance. It recommended that advice centres be set up and was one factor behind the establishment of the Citizens Advice organisation in the United Kingdom.

Welfare state in the United Kingdom
The welfare state of the United Kingdom began to evolve in the 1900s and early 1910s, and comprises expenditures by the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland intended to improve health, education, employment and social security. The British system has been classified as a liberal welfare state system.
Alpha P
Princewill Emmanuel (born February 26, 2002), professionally known as Alpha P, is a Nigerian rapper and singer-songwriter signed to Penthauze. Previously, he was signed to Universal Music West Africa (formerly Universal Music Group Nigeria), an imprint of Universal Music Group, in 2019. That same year, he rose to fame with his debut extended play, King of the Wolves. He gained international recognition with his 2024 single "W", featuring Nigerian rapper Olamide and record producer Thisizlondon.

Benin City
Benin City serves as the capital and largest metropolitan centre of Edo State, situated in southern Nigeria. It ranks as the fourth-most populous city in Nigeria, according to the 2006 national census, preceded by Lagos, Kano, and Ibadan.
The Golden Strain
The Golden Strain is a 1925 American silent Western film directed by Victor Schertzinger and written by Eve Unsell based upon a novel by Peter B. Kyne. The film stars Hobart Bosworth, Kenneth Harlan, Madge Bellamy, Lawford Davidson, Ann Pennington, and Frank Beal. The film was released on December 27, 1925, by Fox Film Corporation.

Madge Bellamy
Madge Bellamy (born Margaret Derden Philpott; June 30, 1899 – January 24, 1990) was an American stage and film actress. She was a popular leading lady in the 1920s and early 1930s. Bellamy's career declined in the sound era and ended following a romantic scandal in the 1940s.
KRO-NCRV
KRO-NCRV is a Dutch public broadcasting company based in Hilversum established on 1 January 2014 from a merger of the broadcasters Catholic Radio Broadcasting (KRO) and the Dutch Christian Radio Association (NCRV), transmitting on NPO 1, NPO 2 and NPO 3. In 2016, the broadcaster also took on the programming from the former Roman Catholic Church Association (RKK) and proposed to serve "the Catholic and Protestant Christian communities" in the Netherlands.

At the official census by the Media Commission in 2014, KRO-NCRV, in spite of a minor loss of membership, appeared to be the largest broadcaster in the Netherlands at the time, with nearly eight hundred thousand (798,930) members.

NPO 3
NPO 3 (known as Nederland 3 [ˌneːdərlɑn ˈdri] until 2014) is the third and youngest of the terrestrial television channels operated by the Dutch public-broadcasting organization NPO in the Netherlands. It carries programmes provided by member-based non-profit broadcasting associations and is oriented towards children, youth, and innovative television. The channel is also available on cable companies in its overseas dependencies in the Caribbean, either live or time-shifted.
2011 FIA WTCC Race of Japan
The 2011 FIA WTCC Race of Japan was the tenth round of the 2011 World Touring Car Championship season and the fourth running of the FIA WTCC Race of Japan. It was held on 23 October 2011 at the Suzuka Circuit in Suzuka City, Japan.

The first race was won by Alain Menu of Chevrolet RML while Michel Nykjær finished on the podium for the first time in World Touring Car Championship. The second race was won by Tom Coronel of ROAL Motorsport.

Suzuka Circuit
The Suzuka International Racing Course (Japanese: 鈴鹿国際レーシングコース, Hepburn: Suzuka Kokusai Rēsingu Kōsu), a.k.a. the Suzuka Circuit (鈴鹿サーキット, Suzuka Sākitto), is a 5.807 km (3.608 mi) long motorsport race track located in Ino, Suzuka City, Mie Prefecture, Japan and operated by Honda Mobilityland, a subsidiary of Honda Motor Co, Ltd. It has a capacity of 155,000. It is most well known for its use in the international Formula One and Japanese Super Formula championships.
Beguiled Again
Beguiled Again is a musical revue compiling the works of Richard Rodgers (music) and Lorenz Hart (lyrics), who are often referred to as Rodgers and Hart.  The show was conceived by J. Barry Lewis, Lynnette Barkley and Craig D. Ames.  It is almost entirely music, with minimal dialogue between some of the songs.

It was first performed at the Florida Stage in Manalapan, Florida and was the theater's most successful production to date. The show won the Carbonell Award in 1997 (an award for theater and the arts in South Florida).

Lorenz Hart
Lorenz Milton Hart (May 2, 1895 – November 22, 1943) was an American lyricist and half of the Broadway songwriting team Rodgers and Hart. Some of his more famous lyrics include "Blue Moon"; "The Lady Is a Tramp"; "Manhattan"; "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered"; and "My Funny Valentine".
Wrexham Industrial Estate
Wrexham Industrial Estate (Welsh: Ystâd Ddiwydiannol Wrecsam) is an industrial area in Wrexham, Wales. It is situated 3 miles east of the city centre.

Originally the site of a World War II munitions factory, the estate later became known as the Wrexham Trading Estate. It has now grown to cover approximately 550 hectares (1,359 acres) and is the largest industrial estate in Wales, second in the UK after Trafford Park, and one of the largest industrial estates in Europe. There are around 300 businesses, providing employment for approximately 10,000 people. The estate consists of standalone industrial sites, industrial estates and business parks and is the location of the UK's largest prison, HM Prison Berwyn, which opened in 2017.

British hardened field defences of World War II
British hardened field defences of World War II were small fortified structures constructed as a part of British anti-invasion preparations. Included in the definition of "hardened field defences" are the structures popularly known as pillboxes, a reference to their shape as well as other concrete weapon emplacements such as anti-tank emplacements.
Uzbekistan at the Hopman Cup
Uzbekistan is a nation that has competed at the Hopman Cup tournament on one occasion, in 2003. In 2003, Uzbekistan won their qualification play-off but went on to place fourth in group A.

Before its dissolution, Uzbekistan used to form part of the Soviet Union which also competed at the Hopman Cup on two occasions in the early 1990s. Additionally, Uzbekistan is a member of the CIS which entered a team into the 1992 event.

Uzbekistan also participated on one occasion in the now defunct Asian Hopman Cup, a qualifying tournament which ran from 2006 until 2009 and granted the winners entry into the Hopman Cup the following year. The nation competed in 2007 and failed to pass the round robin stage of the tournament, thus denying them entry into the main event in Australia the following year.

Hopman Cup
The Hopman Cup is an international tennis tournament that plays mixed teams (one male and one female) on a country-by-country basis. It was first held in Perth, Western Australia each year from 1989 to 2019, played on indoor hardcourt, before being replaced on the calendar in 2020 by the now defunct ATP Cup, which was in turn replaced by the United Cup. The tournament was played in an eight-team format, with the exception for the years 1990-1995, with twelve teams competing. It returned in July 2023 in Nice, France and was played on outdoor clay, with six teams invited to participate. This continued in 2025, with the tournament being held in Bari, Italy on hard courts.
Wingu Tingima
Wingu Tingima (died 8 March 2010) was an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. She was born in Great Victoria Desert, and grew up living a traditional way of life in the bush, without any contact with Western civilization. A member of the Pitjantjatjara people, she painted spiritual stories from her Dreaming. Along with her friend and colleague Eileen Yaritja Stevens, Wingu became one of the most well-known artists to paint in the style of the Western Desert.

Although she only began painting less than 10 years before her death, Wingu's work is now held in many of Australia's major art collections, including the National Gallery of Australia and the state galleries of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, the Northern Territory and Western Australia.

The bush
"The bush", a term mostly used in the English vernacular of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa, is largely synonymous with hinterlands or backwoods. The fauna and flora contained within the bush is typically native to the region, although exotic species may also be present. The word derives from Old French bos, and Old Norse buski, and related to Dutch bos and German Busch with the sense ‘uncultivated country’ coming directly from Dutch bos,

The expression has been in use in Australia from the earliest years of British settlement, and it has inspired many derivative Australian English terms, such as bush tucker, bush mechanic, bush ballad and bushranger. The term is also widely used in Canada and the American state of Alaska to refer to the large, forested portions of their landscapes.
One Day (Opshop song)
"One Day" is the third single from New Zealand band Opshop's second studio album, Second Hand Planet.

The song won the 2008 APRA Silver Scroll for Song of the Year.

The video features New Zealand singer Dianne Swann, previously in the bands Everything That Flies, When The Cat's Away and currently performing with Brett Adams as The Bads.

10 years after release, the song featured on soap opera Shortland Street during the death scene of long-running character Marj Brasch (Elizabeth McRae). Following a positive audience and critical response, the song re-entered the New Zealand iTunes charts.

APRA Awards (Australia)
The APRA Music Awards in Australia celebrate excellence in contemporary music, honoring songwriters and publishers who have achieved artistic excellence and outstanding success in their fields.

Several award ceremonies are run in Australia by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) and Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). In addition to the APRA Music Awards, APRA AMCOS, in association with the Australian Music Centre, presents awards for classical music, jazz and improvised music, experimental music and sound art, known as the Art Music Awards. It also runs, in association with the Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC), the Screen Music Awards, to acknowledge excellence in the field of screen composition.
Agbara-Otor
Agbarha Otor (Agbarha-Otor)  is a town and one of the Urhobo kingdoms in Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State. The town is home to the wealthy and renowned Ibru Family. Besides primary and secondary schools, Agbarha-Otor has a private university, namely Michael and Cecilia Ibru University and a private Airstrip built in 1972 by Michael Ibru. It also houses the 222 Battalion of the Nigerian Army and the now moribund SuperBru, a malt producing company.

Nigerian Army
The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land force of the Nigerian Armed Forces. It is the largest component of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The President of Nigeria is the Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Army, and its professional head is the Chief of Army Staff, who is the highest ranking military officer of the Nigerian Army.  It is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). The Nigerian Army is operationally and geographically divided into ten divisions, the basic field formation. The army has been involved in operations throughout the country, most especially during the Nigerian Civil War, and has undertaken major operations abroad. Nigerian Army officers have served as chiefs of defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe serving as Sierra Leone chief of staff in 1998–1999, and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least 2007.
Crumps Bottom, West Virginia
Crumps Bottom is an unincorporated community in Summers County, West Virginia, United States. Crumps Bottom is located on the New River, south of Hinton. Its post office is closed. It was also known as the Mouth of Indian.

Crumps Bottom was settled in 1753 by Andrew Culbertson, the first English settler in the present Summers County. He established a working plantation with a lavish home. Crumps Botton was the site of the first post office in the area. The settlement was abandoned because of attacks by Native Americans.

The community is now a seasonal-access public area with camping and river access; it can be reached by one-lane roads off West Virginia Route 20.

Summers County, West Virginia
Summers County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,959. Its county seat is Hinton. The county was created by an act of the West Virginia Legislature on February 27, 1871, from parts of Fayette, Greenbrier, Mercer and Monroe counties and named in honor of George W. Summers (1804–1868).
Skopje Jazz Festival
The Skopje Jazz Festival is a jazz festival held in Skopje, North Macedonia, since 1982.

Although the festival promotes a genre which seems distant from its own culture and traditions, it attracts large audiences and receives attention in the Balkans and the rest of Europe. Musicians who have performed at the festival include Marshall Allen, Art Ensemble of Chicago, Anthony Braxton, Brazilian Girls, Ray Charles, Zoran Madzirov, Stanley Clarke, Ornette Coleman, Chick Corea, Al Di Meola, Gotan Project, Charlie Haden, Herbie Hancock, Andrew Hill, Dave Holland, Maria Joao, D. D. Jackson, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Vlatko Stefanovski, Theodosii Spassov, Simon Kiselicki, John McLaughlin, Pat Metheny, Youssou N'Dour, Tito Puente, Gregory Porter, Toni Kitanovski, Sierra Maestra, Goce Stevkovski, McCoy Tyner, and Joe Zawinul.

The festival is part of the European jazz network and the European Forum of World Music festivals.

Sierra Maestra
The Sierra Maestra is a mountain range that runs westward across the south of the old Oriente Province in southeast Cuba, rising abruptly from the coast. The range falls mainly within the Santiago de Cuba and in Granma Provinces. Some view it as a series of connecting ranges (Vela, Santa Catalina, Quemado Grande, Daña Mariana), which join with others to the west. At 1,974 m (~6,500 ft), Pico Turquino is the range's – and the country's – highest point. The area is rich in minerals, especially copper, manganese, chromium, and iron.
Table tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual – Class 3
The men's individual class 3 table tennis competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held between 7 September and 11 September at the Peking University Gymnasium.

Classes 1-5 were for athletes with a physical impairment that affected their legs, who competed in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete’s ability to compete.

The event was won by Feng Panfeng, representing  China.

Feng Panfeng
Feng Panfeng (Chinese: 冯攀峰, born 20 December 1989) is a Chinese para table tennis player. He has won ten gold medals and one bronze medal from five Paralympic Games (2008, 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2024).

Like many of his teammates, Feng was a polio survivor from Pizhou who attended New Hope Center as a child. It was at New Hope Center where coach Heng Xin developed Feng into a professional table tennis player.
Don E. Brummet
Don E. Brummet (June 3, 1914 – May 11, 1981) was an American politician and businessman.

Brummet was born in Dahlgren, Illinois. Brummet graduated from the Du Quoin Township High School in Du Quoin, Illinois and Southern Illinois University. He served in the United States Merchant Marines during World War II He moved to Vandalia, Illinois, in 1939, with his wife and family. Brummet worked as the manager of the Coca-Cola Bottling Company in Vandalia and was in the fertilizer business. He was also the owner of the Vandalia Airport. Brummet served on the Vandalia City Council and was a Democrat. Brummet served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1971 to 1979. Brummer died at Fayette County Hospital in Vandalia, Illinois.

Du Quoin, Illinois
Du Quoin (/duːˈkɔɪn/ doo-KOYN) is a city in Perry County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Du Quoin had a population of 5,827. It is best known for hosting the annual DuQuoin State Fair and the Street Machine Nationals.
Palatine Pts 3/3 H
The DRG Class 99.10, formerly the Palatine Class Pts 3/3 H of the Palatinate Railway, was a German narrow gauge steam locomotive. It was the superheated version of the PtS 3/3 N. Unlike the saturated steam version the upper section of these engines was no longer glazed, otherwise they were broadly identical. They could carry up to 2.0 m3 of water and 1.2 t of coal.

After the formation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn the engines were taken over  and given numbers 99 101 to 99 103. They were retired on 19 April 1956 and 16 August 1957.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".
FSV Jägersburg
FSV Jägersburg is a German association football club from the Jägersburg suburb of Homburg, Saarland.

The club's men's department greatest success has been promotion to the tier five Oberliga Rheinland-Pfalz/Saar in 2015.

The club's women's department, now defunct, last played in the tier three Regionalliga Südwest in 2014–15 and has played as high as the 2. Bundesliga. It has also participated in the DFB-Pokal for women on twelve occasions.

Verbandsliga Saarland
The Verbandsliga Saarland is currently the seventh tier of the German football league system in the German federated state of Saarland. Until the introduction of the Saarlandliga in 2009 it was the sixth tier, until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fifth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fourth tier.

From the 2012-13 season onwards the league will be played in two regional divisions and the Landesligas below it increased in numbers from two to four.
Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (American English: /baɪˈkɑːr.bə.neɪt/ ⓘ) (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3–.

Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system.

The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The name lives on as a trivial name.

Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, as there is much overlap in the subdiscipline of organometallic chemistry. It has applications in every aspect of the chemical industry, including catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, medications, fuels, and agriculture.