hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark Lawrence (rugby union)
Mark Lawrence (born 16 June 1965, Standerton) is an international rugby union referee from South Africa. He refereed his first international test match, in 2000, and was chosen to officiate at both the 2003 Rugby World Cup and 2007 Rugby World Cup acting as a touch judge and a TMO in both competitions. He refereed the 2007 Currie Cup Final between the Free State Cheetahs and the Golden Lions. He also refereed the 2008 Super 14 Final between the Crusaders and the Waratahs.

In September 2011, he announced his retirement from test rugby to concentrate on coaching emerging referees.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
Church of St Anne, Shandon
The Church of St Anne is a Church of Ireland church located in the Shandon district of Cork city in Ireland. Built between 1722 and 1726, it is situated on a hill overlooking the River Lee. The church tower is a noted landmark and symbol of the city, and the church bells were popularised in a 19th-century song.

River Lee
The River Lee (Irish: An Laoi) is a river in Ireland.  It rises in the Shehy Mountains on the western border of County Cork and flows eastwards through Cork, where it splits in two for a short distance, creating an island on which Cork's city centre is built, then passes through Cork Harbour on the south coast, one of the largest natural harbours in the world, to empty into the Celtic Sea.  The catchment area of the River Lee is 1,253 km2. The long-term average flow rate of the River Lee is 40.4 cubic metres per second (m3/s).

A hydro-electric scheme was built on the river, upstream from Cork City, and this part of the river now contains the Carrigadrohid and Inniscarra reservoirs. The river is crossed by 42 bridges, 29 of which are in Cork City, and one tunnel. The river also provides an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) stretch of salmon fishing.
PHSCologram
PHSCologram is a registered trademark for barrier-strip and lenticular autostereograms made by Chicago-based art collective (Art)n laboratory.

The barrier strip technique is similar in principle to lenticular printing, but with the use of a black line grid instead of a lenticular lens to select which image is seen.

The capital letters in the name stand for photography, holography, sculpture, and computer graphics. The term was originally coined to refer to larger sculptural installations that included actual holograms as well as barrier-strip autostereograms, but in later years the name was taken to apply to digital autostereographic panels alone.

PHSColograms may be seen in permanent installations at the Museum of Jewish Heritage, the Hope Diamond exhibit at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Chicago Midway International Airport, and in the collection of Elton John.

Lenticular lens
A lenticular lens is an array of lenses, designed so that when viewed from slightly different angles, different parts of the image underneath are shown. The most common example is the lenses used in lenticular printing, where the technology is used to give an illusion of depth, or to make images that appear to change or move as the image is viewed from different angles.
Poetry Salzburg Review
Poetry Salzburg Review is an English language, biannual literary magazine published by Poetry Salzburg at the University of Salzburg and edited by Wolfgang Görtschacher. It is a successor to The Poet's Voice, which was edited and published in Austria by British poet Fred Beake, James Hogg and Görtschacher. Since its creation in 2001, the journal aims to present a diverse range of contemporary poetry along with translations into English, interviews with poets and translators, poetry book reviews and essays on poetry. As of 2023 the editorial board consists of John Challis, Hilary Davies, Lisa Fishman, Martin Malone, and Lisa Samuels.

It includes international English language poets from beyond the English language world: writers from Austria, Bosnia, Switzerland, Croatia, Greece, Pakistan, Hungary, Germany, Singapore, Finland, Poland, Serbia, Ukraine, and Italy, among others. The Poetry Salzburg press imprint publishes poetry books and collections in English.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Glossary of belly dance terms
The following are the special concepts and terminology of belly dance. As this dance has many forms and can be found in North Africa and the Middle East, a significant proportion of the terminology is in Arabic. Turkish or Turkish-loan words may also be encountered among belly dance terms.

Taqsim
Taqsim (Arabic: تَقْسِيم / ALA-LC: taqsīm, Sorani Kurdish: تەقسیم, Greek: ταξίμι, romanized: taksimi, Turkish: taksim) is a melodic musical improvisation that usually precedes the performance of a traditional Arabic, Kurdish, Greek, Middle Eastern, Iranian, Azerbaijani or Turkish musical composition.

Taqsim traditionally follows a certain melodic progression. Starting from the tonic of a particular Arabic maqam (or a Turkish makam), the first few measures of the improvisation remain in the lower ajnas of the maqam, thereby introducing the maqam to the listener. After this introduction, the performer is free to move anywhere in the maqam, and even to modulate to other maqams as long as they return to the original one.

Taqsim is either a solo instrument performance, or one that is backed by a percussionist or other instrumentalist playing a drone on the tonic of the maqam.
Johann Fortner
Johann Fortner (25 November 1884 – 26 February 1947) was a German Generalleutnant during World War II who commanded the 718th Infantry Division from its formation in May 1941 until he was relieved in March 1943. During his command the division engaged in anti-Partisan operations throughout occupied Yugoslavia, mainly within the Independent State of Croatia. The Nazi security warfare conducted by the division whilst under his command involved brutal and widespread massacres and burning of villages. He was retired from active duty in 1944. After the war, Fortner was extradited to Yugoslavia, convicted in a war crimes trial and executed.

Bandenbekämpfung
In German military history, Bandenbekämpfung (lit. '"bandit-fighting" or "combating of bandits"; English equivalent of "anti-partisan operations"'), also referred to as Nazi security warfare during World War II, refers to the concept and military doctrine of countering resistance or insurrection in the rear area during wartime with extreme brutality. The doctrine provided a rationale for disregarding the established laws of war and for targeting any number of groups, from armed guerrillas to civilians, as "bandits" or "members of gangs". As applied by the German Empire and later Nazi Germany, it became instrumental in the crimes against humanity committed by the two regimes, including the Herero and Nama genocide and the Holocaust.

Historian Alex J. Kay estimates that around one million civilians died as a result of German anti-partisan warfare—excluding actual partisans—among the 13 to 14 million people murdered by the Nazis during World War II.
Tatsuta Maru
Tatsuta Maru (龍田丸), was a Japanese  ocean liner owned by Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK).  The ship was built in 1927–1929 by Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co. at Nagasaki, Japan. The vessel was named after Tatsuta Jinja an important Shinto shrine in Nara Prefecture.

Nippon Yusen
The Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (日本郵船株式会社, Nippon Yūsen kabushiki kaisha; lit. 'Japan Mail Ship Company'), also known as NYK Line, is a Japanese shipping company. The company headquarters are located in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It operates a fleet of over 820 ships, which includes container ships, tankers, bulk and woodchip carriers, roll-on/roll-off car carriers, reefer vessels, LNG carriers, and cruise ships. It is a member of the Ocean Network Express and Mitsubishi Group.
Akıncılar, Kahta
Akıncılar (Kurdish: Toxarîs) is a town (belde) and municipality in the Kâhta District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The town is populated by Kurds of the Gewozî, Kawan and Mirdêsan tribes and had a population of 1,658 in 2021.

Adıyaman Province
Adıyaman Province is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The capital is Adıyaman. Its area is 7,337 km2, and its population is 635,169 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

Adıyaman Province was part of the Malatya Province until 1954, when it was made into a province as a reward for voting for the winning Democratic Party in the 1954 general election.
Hejazi Arabic phonology
The phonological system of the Hejazi Arabic consists of approximately 26 to 28 native consonant phonemes and 8 vowel phonemes: /a, u, i, aː, uː, oː, iː, eː/. Consonant length and vowel length are both distinctive in Hejazi.

Strictly speaking, there are two main groups of dialects spoken in the Hejaz region, one by the urban population originally spoken in the cities of Jeddah, Medina and Mecca where they constitute the majority and partially in Ta'if, and another dialect spoken by the rural or Bedouin populations which is also currently spoken as well in the mentioned cities. However, the term most often applies to the urban variety which is discussed in this article.

phonemes will be (written inside slashes / /) and allophones (written inside brackets [ ]).

Ẓāʾ
Ẓāʾ, or ḏ̣āʾ (ظ), is the seventeenth letter of the Arabic alphabet, one of the six letters not in the twenty-two akin to the Phoenician alphabet (the others being ṯāʾ, ḫāʾ, ḏāl, ḍād, ġayn). In name and shape, it is a variant of ṭāʾ. Its numerical value is 900 (see Abjad numerals). It is related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪜‎‎, and South Arabian 𐩼.

Ẓāʾ ظَاءْ does not change its shape depending on its position in the word:
Rambi Bazar
Rambi Bazar is an urban village lying near Teesta River in the Kalimpong I CD block in the Kalimpong Sadar subdivision of the Kalimpong district  in the state of West Bengal, India. The town lies on the National Highway 10 connecting Siliguri and Gangtok. Teesta Low Dam - III Hydropower Plant and Riyang railway station lies in Rambi. Rambi bazaar is famous for Mushroom, there are around 30 to 40 mushroom shops and stalls in the market area where different types of edible mushrooms are available for sale.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Karen E. Daniels
Karen E. Daniels is an American physicist who is a professor of physics at North Carolina State University. Her research considers the deformation and failure of materials. She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, and serves on their Committee on the Status of Women in Physics. She is also a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation that promotes international academic cooperation between scientists and scholars from Germany and abroad. Established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, it is funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other national and international partners.
Tanzania Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture
The Tanzania Chamber  (TCCIA) is a  Tanzanian government institution with a mandate to promote  industry and business, and to facilitate an interface between the private sector and public sector in the country.  TCCIA was founded in 1988 and its head offices are in Dar es Salaam.  It has played in important role in the privatization and liberalization of Tanzania's economy.

Liberalization
Liberalization  (American English) or liberalisation (British English) is a broad term that refers to the practice of making laws, systems, or opinions less severe, usually in the sense of eliminating certain government regulations or restrictions. The term is used most often in relation to economics, where it refers to economic liberalization, the removal or reduction of restrictions placed upon (a particular sphere of) economic activity. However, liberalization can also be used as a synonym for decriminalization or legalization (the act of making something legal after it used to be illegal), for example when describing drug liberalization.
Paty Díaz
Paty Díaz (born Patricia Díaz, March 17, 1974, in San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora, Mexico) is a Mexican actress and model. She is known for her portrayal of Lalita in the telenovela, La usurpadora (1998).

La usurpadora (1998 TV series)
La Usurpadora (English: The Usurper; international title: Deceptions) is a 1998 Mexican television drama series broadcast by Canal de Las Estrellas. The series is based of the 1971 Venezuelan drama series with the same title. Directed by Beatriz Sheridan, it stars Gabriela Spanic and Fernando Colunga. It aired from February 9 to July 24, 1998, replacing Maria Isabel and was replaced by El Privilegio de Amar.

Inspired by the book The Scapegoat, it revolves around a pair of twin sisters who were separated when they were young, and as adults the good sister is forced to act as a "replacement" for her wealthy twin who wants to temporarily leave her husband and his family to enjoy a life of luxury with multiple lovers. The telenovela had huge success in Mexico with ratings of 38.4 and has been exported and dubbed in various languages across the world.

It was the first on-screen collaboration between Colunga and Spanic, who both later worked in Soy tu Dueña.
André Doré
André Doré (born February 11, 1958) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played 257 games in the National Hockey League with the New York Rangers, St. Louis Blues and Quebec Nordiques between 1979 and 1985.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
John Bogátradvány
John from the kindred Bogátradvány (Hungarian: Bogátradvány nembeli János; died April or May 1322) was a Hungarian cleric in the first decades of the 14th century, who served as archdeacon of Küküllő from around 1300 and – simultaneously – as provost of Székesfehérvár from 1307 until his death. He was also the first vice-chancellor of a unified Hungarian royal court after the years of Interregnum.

Küküllő County
Küküllő County (Hungarian: Küküllő vármegye; Romanian: Comitatul Târnava; German: Komitat Kokelburg) was a county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Located in the Transylvania region between the rivers Maros (Mureș) and Nagy-Küküllő (Târnava Mare), it existed from the 11th century until 1876, when it was split off into Kis-Küküllő County and Nagy-Küküllő County. Its capital was Küküllővár (German: Kokelburg, Romanian: Cetatea de Baltă).
Commission of Public Instruction
In France, the Commission of Public Instruction (French: Commission de l'instruction publique) was a body responsible for directing national education from 1815 to 1820. Its five principal members were Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard (president), Georges Cuvier, Philibert Guéneau de Mussy, Antoine-Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, and Abbé Dominique Eliçagaray. It was replaced by the Royal Council of Public Instruction (1820–1845).

Joseph Lainé
Joseph Henri Joachim, vicomte Lainé (11 November 1768 – 17 December 1835), was a French lawyer and politician.

Born in Bordeaux, he became a successful lawyer in Paris. In 1793 he was named administrator of the district of La Réole, returning to work as a lawyer under the French Directory. In 1808 he became a member of the Legislative Corps; he was again deputy after the Restoration, being chosen as Minister of Interiors between 1816 and 1818.

He died in Paris in 1835.
Arbor Mist
Arbor Mist is the brand name of an alcoholic beverage which blends wines such as Merlot, Zinfandel and Chardonnay with fruit flavourings and high fructose corn syrup. Its slogan is "Great Tasting Wine with a Splash of Fruit."  Arbor Mist has a lower alcohol content than most wines, and is usually cheaper than other similar alcoholic beverages. It is made by the Arbor Mist Winery in Canandaigua, New York, and is packaged by E&J Gallo Winery.

Canandaigua, New York
Canandaigua (/ˌkænənˈdeɪɡwə/) is a city in Ontario County, New York, United States. Its population was 10,576 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Ontario County; some administrative offices are at the county complex in the adjacent town of Hopewell.

The city is surrounded by the Town of Canandaigua. The City of Canandaigua is on the northern end of Canandaigua Lake, one of the Finger Lakes, 24 miles (39 km) southeast of Rochester, 68 miles (109 km) west of Syracuse, and 93 miles (150 km) east of Buffalo. Canandaigua is part of the Greater Rochester area and is Rochester’s southernmost suburb.
Erik Borge
Erik Borge (22 October 1924 – 11 May 2008) was a Norwegian film director and screenwriter. He was born in Kristiania. Among his productions was Trost i taklampa from 1955, based on Alf Prøysen's novel. He was manager of the company Norsk Film from 1966 to 1984. He received the Amanda Committee's Honorary Award in 1989, shared with Erik Diesen.

Norsk Film
Norsk Film was a Norwegian film production company established in 1932 and disestablished in 2001. It was located in Bærum, with studio facilities at Jar. The company was the leading film producer in Norway by number of films, with a total of about 150 cinema productions at the time of its disestablishment, or about 25% of all Norwegian films.
Jooseppi Mustakallio
Jooseppi Mustakallio (June 18, 1857 – April 20, 1923), originally Josef Schwartzberg, was a Finnish minister and the fourth mission director of the Finnish Missionary Society, after Akseli Hirn. He was also a poet and a lyricist. His best known poem is called "Evening Song".

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Fernando Huergo
Fernando Ignacio Huergo Tonnelier (31 July 1908 – 3 April 1995) was an Argentine fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Huergo won a silver medal at the 1951 Pan American Games and a bronze medal at the 1955 Pan American Games. He was also the President of the Argentine Olympic Committee from 1955 to 1957.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Martin Schmitt
Martin Schmitt (German pronunciation: [ˈmaʁtiːn ʃmɪt] ⓘ; born 29 January 1978) is a German former ski jumper who competed from 1997 to 2014. He is one of Germany's most successful ski jumpers, having won the World Cup twice; a gold medal at the Winter Olympics; four gold medals at the World Championships; and a ski flying world record. His and his countryman Sven Hannawald's success further popularized ski jumping in Germany, and with particular help from cable TV station RTL, their coverage received great acclaim in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

RTL (German TV channel)
RTL (from Radio Télévision Luxembourg), formerly RTL plus and RTL Television, is a German-language free-to-air television channel owned by RTL Deutschland, headquartered in Cologne. Founded as an offshoot of the German-language radio programme Radio Luxemburg, RTL is considered a full-service broadcaster under the Medienstaatsvertrag (Interstate Media Treaty) and is the largest private television network in Germany. As of August 2010, RTL employs some 500 permanent staff, having outsourced its news and technical departments.

In September 2021, Mediengruppe RTL Deutschland (RTL Germany Media Group) was renamed RTL Deutschland. As part of the rebrand, both the group and the channel received new logos and branding.
2010 British Supersport Championship
The 2010 Fuchs-Silkolene British Supersport Championship season was the 23rd running of the British Supersport Championship. The championship was contested over twelve rounds, beginning on 5 April at Brands Hatch, and finishing on 10 October at Oulton Park.

With five victories and ten podiums in total, Sam Lowes added the main championship title to his Supersport Cup triumph of the previous year. Lowes took the title by 33 points ahead of James Westmoreland, with Ben Wilson finishing more than 60 points behind Westmoreland in third place in the championship standings. Two other riders won races during the season; Billy McConnell took back-to-back wins at Cadwell Park and Mallory Park, while Graeme Gowland won at Snetterton. Patrick McDougall won the secondary Privateers' Cup after dropped scores, having been outscored by Jenny Tinmouth before the scores were taken into account.

Oulton Park
Oulton Park is a hard surfaced track used for motor racing, close to the village of Little Budworth, Cheshire, England, 5-mile (8.0 km) from Winsford, 13-mile (21 km) from Chester city centre, 8-mile (13 km) from Northwich and 17-mile (27 km) from Warrington, with a nearby rail connection along the Mid-Cheshire Line. It occupies much of the area which was previously known as the Oulton Estate. The racing circuit is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.