hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nader Hashim
Nader Hashim is an American politician from the state of Vermont. He has represented the Windham County district in the Vermont Senate since 2023. Hashim was previously a member of the Vermont House of Representatives representing the Windham-4 District from 2019 to 2021. On September 15, 2023, Senator Hashim passed the Vermont Bar exam after participating in Vermont's unique alternative pathway to law, The Law Office Study Program. He is a Democrat.

Windham County, Vermont
Windham County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 45,905. The shire town (county seat) is Newfane, and the largest municipality is the town of Brattleboro.
2008 NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour
The 2008 NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour was the fourth season of the NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour (WSMT). It began with the Whelen Southern Modified Tour 150 at Caraway Speedway on March 22. It ended with the Whelen 150 at Caraway again on October 4. L. W. Miller entered the season as the defending championship. Brian Loftin would win his first and only championship in the series, 30 points ahead of series runner up Tim Brown.

Brian Loftin (racing driver)
Brian Loftin (born July 29, 1977) is an American professional stock car racing driver who competed in the now defunct NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour from 2005 to 2014. He is the father of Carson Loftin, who currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour.

Loftin is a former champion of the Southern Modified Tour, having won the championship in 2008, where he won Three races  and eleven pole positions.

Loftin has previously competed in series such as the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the SMART Modified Tour, the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series, the Southern Modified Racing Series, the ASA Southern Modified Race Tour, and the 602 Modified Tour.
Colorado Mesa Mavericks baseball
The Colorado Mesa Mavericks baseball program represents Colorado Mesa University in the NCAA Division II, in the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference. The Mavericks play their home games at Hamilton Field. The Mavericks made it to the Division II College World Series for the first time in program history in 2009. In 2014, the Mavericks enjoyed their most successful postseason result to date, making it all the way to the Division II national championship, where they were eventually beaten by Southern Indiana. The Mavericks are coached by seasoned veteran Chris Hanks.

Southern Indiana Screaming Eagles baseball
The Southern Indiana Screaming Eagles baseball program represents the University of Southern Indiana in the NCAA's Division I level. They have won the Division II Tournament national championship twice. The Screaming Eagles play their home games at USI Baseball Field and are coached by Chris Ramirez.
Cédric Sorhaindo
Cédric Sorhaindo (born 7 June 1984) is a French handball player for Beşiktaş and previously the French national team, which he captained.

On 30 April 2023 he was included in the French handball hall of fame.

EHF Champions League
The EHF Champions League is the most important club handball competition for men's teams in Europe and involves the leading teams from the top European nations. The competition is organised every year by EHF. The official name for the men's competition is the EHF Champions League Men.

The EHF coefficient rank decides which teams have access and in which stage they enter.
David Smith (botanist)
Sir David Cecil Smith FRS FRSE FLS (born 21 May 1930 Port Talbot, South Wales – 29 June 2018) was a British botanist. Smith was most notable for his research into the biology of symbiosis and became a leading authority on it. Smith discovered that lichens and Radiata (coelenterates) shared a similar biological mechanism in carbohydrate metabolism. Further research by Smith demonstrated similar processes in organisms that worked within a symbiotic relationship.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
2019 Henderson Tennis Open – Doubles
Asia Muhammad and Maria Sanchez were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Olga Govortsova and Mandy Minella won the title, defeating Sophie Chang and Alexandra Mueller in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Sophie Chang (tennis)
Sophie Chang (born May 28, 1997) is an American tennis player.

Chang has career-high WTA rankings of No. 217 in singles, reached in January 2023, and No. 59 in doubles, achieved September 2022. She has won one WTA Tour doubles title with Angela Kulikov in July 2022. On the ITF Circuit, Chang has won 25 doubles titles (five of them with Alexandra Mueller) and four singles titles.
K3b
K3b (from KDE Burn Baby Burn) is a CD, DVD and Blu-ray authoring application by KDE for Unix-like computer operating systems. It provides a graphical user interface to perform most CD/DVD burning tasks like creating an Audio CD from a set of audio files or copying a CD/DVD, as well as more advanced tasks such as burning eMoviX CD/DVDs. It can also perform direct disc-to-disc copies.

Optical disc authoring
Optical disc authoring, including CD, DVD, and Blu-ray Disc authoring, is the process of assembling source material—video, audio or other data—into the proper logical volume format to then be recorded ("burned") onto an optical disc (typically a compact disc or DVD).
McMath–Pierce solar telescope
McMath–Pierce solar telescope is a 1.6 m f/54 reflecting solar telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona, United States. Built in 1962, the building was designed by American architect Myron Goldsmith and Bangladeshi-American structural engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan. It was the largest solar telescope and the largest unobstructed aperture optical telescope in the world. It is named after the astronomers Robert Raynolds McMath and Keith Pierce.

It was originally called the McMath Solar Telescope, and then later renamed the McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope in 1992. Although it is designed for observation of the Sun, it can also be used to view bright objects at night.

In 2018, the telescope received a 4.5 million USD grant for an enhanced visitor center and other programs, and to overall revitalize the national icon.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Army Academy (Finland)
Army Academy (Finnish: Maasotakoulu, abbr. MAASK) is a brigade-level unit of the Finnish Army responsible for:

organising the service-specific and branch-specific parts of studies of Army cadets in Finnish National Defence University

organising the reserve officer training of the Army in the Reserve Officer School

guiding the career NCO training of the Army

organising other training for Army career personnel

pursuing research and development activities.

Parola (Hattula)
Parola is an urban area located in the municipality of Hattula in the Kanta-Häme region of Finland. It is notable for its rich history that intertwines ancient settlement, medieval culture, and significant military heritage. Parola has a population of 6,678 as of 2022 and it is the centre of Hattula.
Fashion Television (TV channel)
Fashion Television, also known as Fashion Television Channel, was a Canadian English language specialty channel owned by Bell Media.

It was originally established in 2001 by CHUM Limited as a brand extension of the Citytv series FashionTelevision, airing programming related to fashion, modelling, photography, art, architecture and design. Under Bell Media ownership and after the cancellation of its namesake, the network abandoned its original format and shifted primarily to airing Bell Media library programming with little relevance to its original format.

Amid declining investments in the channel, Fashion Television shut down along with BookTelevision on February 21, 2021.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Nuralagus
Nuralagus is an extinct genus of leporid (the family of rabbits and hares), with a single species, Nuralagus rex, described in 2011. It lived on Menorca, one of the Balearic Islands in the western Mediterranean during the Pliocene epoch. It is the largest known lagomorph to have ever existed, with an estimated weight of 8–12 kilograms (18–26 lb), nearly double the weight of the average Flemish Giant rabbit. It likely went extinct at the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition when Mallorca and Menorca were united as one island, letting the mammalian fauna of Mallorca, including the goat-like ungulate Myotragus, colonize Nuralagus's habitat.

Menorca
Menorca or Minorca (from Latin: Insula Minor, lit. 'smaller island', later Minorica) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca (Majorca). Its capital is Maó, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella de Menorca and Maó are the main ports and largest towns.

Per the Census of 1 January 2025, Menorca had a population of 102,477. Its highest point, a hill in the middle of the island named El Toro (from Catalan "turó" meaning hill), is 358 metres (1,175 feet) above sea level.
Silvestro Carollo
Silvestro Carollo (/kɑːˈrɔːloʊ/, Italian: [silˈvɛstro kaˈrɔllo]; June 17, 1896 – June 26, 1970), nicknamed "Silver Dollar Sam", was an Italian-American mob boss, and boss of the New Orleans crime family. He transformed the New Orleans's Black Hand gang into a Cosa Nostra crime family, and acted as street boss from 1922 to 1944. He was the boss from 1944 until his deportation in 1947. In 1970, he came back to the United States, and died on June 26, 1970.

Black Hand (extortion)
Black Hand (Italian: Mano Nera) was a type of organized extortion, active primarily in the eastern United States from the early 20th century to the 1920s in Italian-American ghettos or neighborhoods and committed mainly by criminal immigrants from southern Italy. The term "Black Hand" was reportedly first used in New York City, in 1903. The practice gradually began to decline around 1915 and ceased to exist during the 1920s, when the first Mafia families in the U.S.—more organized and structured—began to emerge.
Cheat Slayer
Killing the People Reincarnated into the Other World: Cheat Slayer (Japanese: 異世界転生者殺し -チートスレイヤー-, Hepburn: Isekai Tenseisha-goroshi: Chīto Sureiyā) is a Japanese isekai manga written by Homura Kawamoto and illustrated by Aki Yamaguchi. The action is set in a parallel fantasy world, and revolves around a boy who confronts characters who have been abusing supernatural powers ("cheats"), which they gained after dying and being reincarnated as his world's new inhabitants. The series debuted on June 9, 2021, in Fujimi Shobo's shōnen magazine Monthly Dragon Age. However, the series was cancelled after just one chapter when readers highlighted the similarities between the villains in Cheat Slayer and heroes in similar works.

Superpower (ability)
A superpower is a special or extraordinary ability far greater than what is considered normal, possessed by those of superhuman status. Superpowers are typically displayed in science fiction and fantasy media such as comic books, TV shows, video games, and film as the key attribute of a superhero. The concept originated in American comics and pulp fiction of the 1930s and 1940s, and has gradually worked its way into other genres and media.
Jesús "Aguaje" Ramos
Jesús "Aguaje" Ramos (born 1951) is a Cuban trombonist and musical director. He has been a member of various ensembles, including Estrellas de Areito, Buena Vista Social Club and  Afro-Cuban All Stars.

Estrellas de Areito
Estrellas de Areito (The Stars of Areito) was an ensemble involving over thirty of Cuba's musicians, including Rubén González, Richard Egües, Nino Rivera, Félix Chappotín, Miguelito Cuní, Pío Leyva, Arturo Sandoval, Tata Güines and Paquito D'Rivera.

Formed in 1979, the Estrellas explored the roots of Afro-Cuban music, with many of their tracks lasting over ten minutes. They produced a series of five albums for the Cuban state recording company Egrem.
Eastern Siberia
Eastern Siberia is a part of Siberia that incorporates the territory located between the Yenisei River in the west and the Pacific Ocean divides in the east. Its area is equal to 7.2 million sq. km.

Most of Eastern Siberia is occupied by the Central Siberian Plateau, as well as by tundra in the north and mountain ranges in the south. The Eastern Siberian region consists of Yakutia, Buryatia, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast and Chita Oblast. The largest cities are Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk.

It considerably overlaps, but does not coincide with, the Russian Far East, which stretches from Lake Baikal to the Pacific Ocean.

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Bredevoort
Bredevoort (Low Saxon: Brevoort) is a small city with city privileges of about 1600 inhabitants in the municipality of Aalten, Netherlands. It is between the towns of Aalten and Winterswijk.

Bredevoort has presented itself as Bredevoort boekenstad (Bredevoort book town), after the examples of Hay-on-Wye in Wales and Redu in Belgium. There are now more than 20 second-hand book shops in the town.

Bredevoort was a Heerlijkheid and a separate municipality until 1818. The villages Aalten, Dinxperlo and Winterswijk included the fiefdom of Bredevoort when it became a part of Aalten in 1818.

Low Saxon
Low Saxon (German: Niedersächsisch, Dutch: Nedersaksisch), also known as West Low German (German: Westniederdeutsch) are a group of Low German dialects spoken in parts of the Netherlands, northwestern Germany and southern Denmark (in North Schleswig by parts of the German-speaking minority). It is one of two dialect groups, the other being East Low German.
Symplectic matrix
In mathematics, a symplectic matrix is a  matrix  with real entries that satisfies the condition

where  denotes the transpose of  and  is a fixed  nonsingular, skew-symmetric matrix. This definition can be extended to  matrices with entries in other fields, such as the complex numbers, finite fields, p-adic numbers, and function fields.

Typically  is chosen to be the block matrix

where  is the  identity matrix. The matrix  has determinant  and its inverse is .

Function field of an algebraic variety
In algebraic geometry, the function field of an algebraic variety V consists of objects that are interpreted as rational functions on V. In classical algebraic geometry they are ratios of polynomials; in complex geometry these are meromorphic functions and their higher-dimensional analogues; in modern algebraic geometry they are elements of some quotient ring's field of fractions.
James Mahoney (politician)
James Mahoney (1873 – 28 September 1938) was a British Catholic priest and socialist politician.

Educated at St Wilfrid's College and the English College in Rome, Mahoney became a priest in 1900.  He began ministering to a parish in Woolwich, then moved to Dartford, and finally, in 1916, to Deptford.  He joined the Labour Party, and stood successfully for it in Deptford at the 1925 London County Council election, serving until 1937.

1925 London County Council election
An election to the County Council of London took place on 5 March 1925. The council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the two-member seats. The Municipal Reform Party retained a large majority, while the Labour Party established itself as the principal opposition, supplanting the Progressive Party.
Georgi Panayotov
Georgi Velikov Panayotov (Bulgarian: Георги Великов Панайотов; born 1968) is a Bulgarian politician who was a minister in the Yanev II government, serving as Minister of Defence of Bulgaria. He is currently the Ambassador of Bulgaria to the United States since May 2022. He has held numerous posts in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria and in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs department for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. He was the Permanent Representative of the Republic of Bulgaria to the United Nations.

Ministry of Defence (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Defence (Bulgarian: Министерство на отбраната, Ministerstvo na otbranata) of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The current Minister of Defence is Atanas Zapryanov.

The present building of the ministry is among the finest examples of the Bulgarian modern architecture from the middle of 20th century. It was designed by the famous Bulgarian architectural team Vasilyov-Tsolov and completed in the period 1939–45.
Jorge Alberto Garramuño
Jorge Alberto Garramuño (14 September 1953 – 7 September 2015) was an Argentine politician who was a Senator for the Fueguian People's Movement between 2013 and 2015. He began his political career as Minister of Public Works of Tierra del Fuego in 1992. He died on 7 September 2015 in Buenos Aires.

Argentine Senate
The Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) or Senate, officially the Honorable Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Honorable Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) is the upper house of the National Congress of Argentina.
Russell Thornton (writer)
Russell Thornton is a Canadian poet.

His book House Built of Rain (2003) was a shortlisted nominee for the 2004 Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize and the 2004 ReLit Award.

His collection Birds, Metals, Stones and Rain (2013) was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language poetry at the 2013 Governor General's Awards, the 2014 Raymond Souster Award and the 2014 Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize.

His collection The Hundred Lives (2014) was a shortlisted nominee for the 2015 Griffin Poetry Prize.

He is based in North Vancouver, British Columbia.

Griffin Poetry Prize
The Griffin Poetry Prize is a Canadian poetry award. It was founded in 2000 by businessman and philanthropist Scott Griffin.

Before 2022, two separate awards went to one Canadian and one international poet who writes in the English language. In 2022, the two awards were consolidated into a single international prize of CAD$130,000. Shortlisted poets are awarded CAD$10,000, and a Lifetime Recognition Award comes with an award of CAD$25,000.

Concurrently with the merger, the Griffin Poetry Prize also introduced a juried Canadian First Book Prize to honor the year's best debut book by a Canadian poet.
Stanley Pickard
Christianity portal

Stanley Chapman Pickard, OBE (4 July 1910 – 31 March 1988) was the eighth Bishop of Lebombo from 1958 until 1969.

He was  ordained  in  1938 and his first post was as a curate at St Catherine's, New Cross. He became a UMCA missionary, rising in time to be Archdeacon of Portuguese East Africa. In 1958 he was elevated to the episcopate, serving for a decade.  After this he was Rector of St John's, Belgravia before retirement in 1983.

Universities' Mission to Central Africa
The Universities' Mission to Central Africa (c.1857 - 1965) was a missionary society established by members of the Anglican Church within the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, Durham, and Dublin. It was firmly in the Anglo-Catholic tradition of the Church, and the first to devolve authority to a bishop in the field rather than to a home committee. Founded in response to a plea by David Livingstone, the society established the mission stations that grew to be the bishoprics of Zanzibar and Nyasaland (later Malawi), and pioneered the training of black African priests.
Marianów, Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn
Marianów [maˈrjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-west of Nowy Kawęczyn, 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Skierniewice, and 54 km (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice
Skierniewice (Polish pronunciation: [skʲɛrɲɛˈvʲit͡sɛ]) is a city in central Poland with 45,184 inhabitants (2023), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Skierniewice County. Through the town runs the small river Łupia, also called Skierniewka.

Located in the historic region of Masovia, Skierniewice dates back to the medieval period. It prospered as a local trade center with annual fairs and engaged in domestic and international trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries it hosted the residence of the Primates of Poland, and was home of leading Polish Enlightenment poet Ignacy Krasicki. Skierniewice is known as the "Polish Capital of Horticultural Sciences" with local tradition of horticultural studies dating back to 1922. It hosts the annual Skierniewice Festival of Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables.

It is a railway junction, located on the main railway line almost exactly halfway between the two largest cities of central Poland, Łódź and Warsaw.