hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kouros of Apollonas
The Kouros of Apollonas, also called the Colossus of Dionysus, is a 10.7 metre tall unfinished statue of light grey Naxian marble with a weight of around 80 tonnes. It is located in an ancient quarry near Apollonas, a small town in the northern part of Naxos, one of the Cycladic Islands in the Aegean Sea. The statue is a kouros dating from Archaic period of Ancient Greece, around the turn of the seventh and sixth centuries BC.

Cyclades
The Cyclades (/ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, romanized: Kykládes, IPA: [ciˈkla.ðes]) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name (Κυκλάδες νήσοι, Kykládes nísoi, 'encircling islands') refers to the archipelago forming a circle around the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos; the most populated, however, is Syros.
Saptapadi
Saptapadi (Sanskrit: सप्तपदी, romanized: Saptapadī, lit. 'taking together seven steps'), or saat phere (Marathi: सात फेरे, romanized: sāt phéré, lit. 'seven circumambulations'), is regarded to be the most important rite (Sanskrit: rītī) of a Hindu wedding ceremony.

In this rite, the bride and the groom tie a knot and take seven steps together, or complete seven rounds around a sacred fire, accompanied by one vow for each step. After the seventh, the marriage is considered complete.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Pierre Vilar
Pierre Vilar  (3 May 1906, Frontignan – 7 August 2003, Saint-Palais) was a French historian specialized in the history of Catalonia and Hispanism. He is considered one of the most authoritative 20th-century historians for the history of Spain, for both the Ancien Régime and modern history. He and Jaume Vicens Vives were among the most influential historians of Catalonia.

His short 1947 essay Histoire de l'Espagne (History of Spain), despite being banned under Francoism, has a great success, and after the death of the Francisco Franco was frequently used in progressive circles and for teaching. In 2009, it reached its 22nd edition.

Frontignan
Frontignan (French pronunciation: [fʁɔ̃tiɲɑ̃]; Occitan: Frontinhan) is a commune in the Hérault department in southern France.

Frontignan is renowned for its AOC wine, the Muscat de Frontignan, a sweet wine made solely from the Muscat grape variety.
Lillian Case Russell
Lillian Case Russell (born Lulu E. Case; April 3, 1876 – June 2, 1947), often credited as L. Case Russell, was an American screenwriter during Hollywood's silent era. She was married to actor John Lowell Russell.

Classical Hollywood cinema
In film criticism, classical Hollywood cinema is both a narrative and visual style of filmmaking that first developed in the 1910s to 1920s during the later years of the silent film era. It then became characteristic of United States cinema during the Golden Age of Hollywood from 1927, with the advent of sound film, until the 1960s and the arrival of New Hollywood productions such as Bonnie and Clyde and The Graduate. During the intervening forty years, it was the most powerful and pervasive style of filmmaking worldwide.

Similar or associated terms include classical Hollywood narrative, Old Hollywood, and classical continuity. The period is also referred to as the studio era, which may also include films of the late silent era but ended before the 1970s with the studios’ loss of both their own movie theaters and the creative talent they had held under contract.
Nagodów, Łódź Voivodeship
Nagodów [naˈɡɔduf] is a village of about a hundred people in the administrative district of Gmina Kutno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Kutno and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Kutno County
Kutno County (Polish: powiat kutnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kutno, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Żychlin, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kutno, and Krośniewice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Kutno.

The county covers an area of 886.29 square kilometres (342.2 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 104,124, out of which the population of Kutno was 47,557, that of Żychlin is 8,880, that of Krośniewice was 4,647, and the rural population was 43,040.
John Wright (Tasmanian politician)
John Forsyth Wright (29 June 1892 – 16 January 1947) was an Australian politician. Born at Castra, Tasmania, he was the elder brother of Roy Douglas Wright and Senator Reginald Wright, both of whom were knighted. He was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Darwin in 1940, in a recount following the resignation of Frank Edwards. Defeated in 1941, he died in 1947 at Ulverstone.

Castra, Tasmania
Castra is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Central Coast in the North-west and west LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 19 kilometres (12 mi) south of the town of Ulverstone. The 2021 census recorded a population of 41 for Castra.
Khudaibergen Devanov
Khudaibergen Devanov (Uzbek: Xudoybergan Devonov; Russian: Худайберген Деванов; 1879—1940) was a pioneering Uzbek photographer, cinematographer, filmmaker and cameraman. He is regarded as a great figure of culture in his home of Khiva, responsible for taking photos of his city and its figures.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Ana Afonso de Leão
Ana Afonso de Leão  (c. 1625 - 1710) was the queen regnant of the Kingdom of Nkondo between 1673 and 1710. She conquered the territories of Lemba and Matari, as well as those located along the Mbidizi river in the Kingdom of Kongo (in the regions of present-day Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo) in the 17th century. She was a decisive figure during the Kongolese civil war.

M'banza-Kongo
Mbanza Kongo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ̃ˈbɐ̃zɐ], [ĩˈbɐ̃zɐ], [mɨˈβɐ̃zɐ] or [miˈβɐ̃zɐ ˈkõɡu], known as São Salvador in Portuguese from 1570 to 1976; Kongo: Mbânza Kôngo) is the capital of Angola's northwestern Zaire Province with a population of 221,141 in 2024. Mbanza Kongo was  the capital of the Kingdom of Kongo since its foundation before the arrival of the Portuguese in 1483 until the abolition of the kingdom in 1915, aside from a brief period of abandonment during civil wars in the 17th century.
In 2017, Mbanza Kongo was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
David Angove
David Angove (born 7 March 1974) is an English former cricketer who played for Cornwall County Cricket Club. In his only List A appearance he scored 6 runs and took 4 wickets for 65 runs. against Warwickshire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy. This performance was noted by Warwickshire, who immediately picked Angove for their upcoming Second XI fixture against Middlesex.

Angove went on to play 4 matches in the Second XI Championship, two for Warwickshire and two for Essex. The following season, Angove played one game for Worcestershire in the Second XI Limited Overs tournament.

He played 26 Minor Counties Championship games for Cornwall, and also 6 Minor counties trophy games for Cornwall.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Harry S. Martin
Harry S. Martin III (born 1943) is an American academic.   Educated at Harvard University, the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Minnesota Law School, Martin served as Ess Librarian and professor of law at Harvard.   A specialist on Art law, Artificial intelligence and law, Information policy, Legal research, and Library Administration, he received the American Association of Law Libraries lifetime achievement award in 2012.   As head law librarian at Harvard from 1981 to 2008, Martin helped move the Harvard Law Library into the internet age.   He also directed the Georgetown University law library from 1976 to 1981, and served on the Board of the AALL.   Martin is currently adjunct professor of law at the University of Texas-Austin.   He has been active in the American Bar Association, and he released important materials on the Nuremberg trials while at Harvard.

University of Minnesota Law School
The University of Minnesota Law School is the law school of the University of Minnesota, a public university in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The school confers four law degrees: a Juris Doctor (J.D.), a Master of Laws (LL.M.), a Master of Science in Patent Law (M.S.P.L.), and a Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). The J.D. program offers a number of concentration opportunities, as well as dual and joint degree options with other graduate and professional schools of the university.
Gamka River
Gamka River (Afrikaans: Gamkarivier) is a river located in the Western Cape, South Africa. The name 'gamka' means 'Lion' and was probably named so by the San people (Bushmen). The river originates north of Beaufort West, generally flowing southwest towards the Gamkapoort Dam.

The main tributaries of the Gamka River, are the Dwyka River, Koekemoers River and Leeuw River which rise in the Great Karoo, converge and flow southwards through the Swartberg Mountains. The Olifants River joins the Gamka River south of Calitzdorp. Together these become the Gourits River.

The Gamka River flows from the North East of the Gamka Dam and the Dwyka River from the North West. Both rivers flow into the Gamka Dam from there the Gamka river flows south and becomes the Gourits River at Calitzdorp, where it flows past the similarly named mountains Gamkaberg.

Beaufort West
Beaufort West (Afrikaans: Beaufort-Wes; Xhosa: eBhobhofolo) is a town in the Western Cape province in South Africa.  It is the largest town in the arid Great Karoo region, and is known as the "Capital of the Karoo". It forms part of the Beaufort West Local Municipality, with 34,085 inhabitants in 2011.

It is the centre of an agricultural district based mainly on sheep farming, and is a significant town and logistical support hub on the N1 national road.

Next door to Beaufort West is the Karoo National Park. Important Permian fossils have been found in the area to the west of the town. These were initially found by David Baird, son of the local magistrate in 1827. The old Town Hall and the Dutch Reformed Church have been declared national monuments.
Russian concession of Hankou
The Russian concession of Hankou (Russian: Российская концессия в Ханькоу) was an extraterritorial exclave, a concession, of the Russian Empire in the former Chinese city of Hankou, now a district of Wuhan. It was established in 1896 by the Tsarist government and lasted until 1925, when the Soviet Union relinquished control over the territory.

It was one of five that existed in the city, alongside the British, French, German and Japanese ones.

Hankou
Hankou, alternately romanized as Hankow (simplified Chinese: 汉口; traditional Chinese: 漢口; pinyin: Hànkǒu), was one of the three towns (the other two were Wuchang and Hanyang) merged to become modern-day Wuhan city, the capital of the Hubei province, China. It stands north of the Han and Yangtze Rivers where the Han flows into the Yangtze. Hankou is connected by bridges to its triplet sister towns Hanyang (between Han and Yangtze) and Wuchang (on the southern side of the Yangtze).

Hankou is the main port of Hubei Province and the single largest port in the middle reaches of Yangtze.
Oleksandr Zavarov
Oleksandr Anatoliyovych Zavarov (Ukrainian: Олександр Анатолійович Заваров; born 26 April 1961) is a Ukrainian former footballer and the former head coach of FC Arsenal Kyiv. He became first among Soviets footballers who got transferred to West European world class club when he was picked by Juventus to replace the outgoing Michel Platini.

In 1986, he was named the best footballer in the USSR and Ukraine and the 6th best footballer in Europe according to France Football. Zavarov is widely regarded to be among the greatest footballers in the history of the USSR and Ukraine, and in 2000 he was included in the Ukrainian Team of The Century according to a poll by the Ukrainsky Futbol weekly.

France Football
France Football is a French monthly magazine containing football news from all over the world. It is considered to be one of the most reputable sports publications in Europe, mostly because of its photographic reports, in-depth and exclusive interviews and accurate statistics of the UEFA Champions League matches, and extensive coverage of the European leagues. The magazine was first published in 1946 and is headquartered in Paris. For more than six decades it has presented the Ballon d'Or award to the best football player of the year.
DeLuca Preserve
DeLuca Preserve is a 27,000-acre (110 km2) protected area in Osceola County near Yeehaw Junction, Florida. It was donated to the University of Florida by the DeLuca family in 2020, while its conservation easement is held by Ducks Unlimited. The property is managed by the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) and is used for teaching and various research projects. Access to the preserve is by appointment.

On the preserve property, cattle and citrus are raised, and it also includes flatwood forest, Florida scrub, and swamp. Wildlife species on the property include the highly endangered Florida grasshopper sparrow, the Florida panther, the gopher tortoise, and the red-cockaded woodpecker. DeLuca Preserve is directly bordered on the south by Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park, and the Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area is also nearby.

The Florida Wildflower Foundation planned an outing in the preserve for October 2023.

Florida panther
The Florida panther is a North American cougar (P. c. couguar) population in South Florida. It lives in pinelands, tropical hardwood hammocks and mixed freshwater swamp forests. Its range includes the Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park, Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge, Picayune Strand State Forest, as well as rural communities in the counties of Collier, Hendry, Hardee, Desoto,  Lee, Miami-Dade, and Monroe County. It is the only confirmed cougar population in the Eastern United States, and currently occupies 5% of its historic range. As of 2024, about 200 individuals are left in the wild.
Avraham Burg
Abraham "Avrum" Burg (Hebrew: אברהם "אברוּם" בוּרג, romanized: Avraham "Avrum" Burg; born 19 January 1955) is an Israeli author, politician, and businessman. He was a member of the Knesset, chairman of the Jewish Agency for Israel, Speaker of the Knesset, and Interim President of Israel. He was the first Speaker of the Knesset to have been born in Israel after its declaration of independence in 1948. A member of the Labor Party when he was a member of the Knesset, Burg announced in January 2015 that he had joined Hadash.

Since the 2000s, Burg has expressed views described as post-Zionist, a label he self-identified with in 2011. He is in favor of Israel negotiating with Hamas, and has called on his country to abandon Herzelian Zionism (characterizing it as a scaffolding that should be removed) in favor of a form of Cultural Zionism, also citing the civic nationalism of France as an example to follow.

Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (Hebrew: הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708), at the end of the civil war phase and beginning of the Arab–Israeli War of the 1948 Palestine war, by David Ben-Gurion, the executive head of the World Zionist Organization and chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine.

It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine (or the Land of Israel in the Jewish tradition), to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. While celebrated in Israel as Independence Day, a national holiday on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar, Palestinians view the day as the start of Nakba, or "catastrophe", marking the mass displacements of Palestinians and the loss of homes and lands, and commemorate it annually on 15 May as Nakba Day.
Only the Fool Survives
"Only the Fool Survives" is a duet song by American singer-songwriter Donna Summer and Mickey Thomas, lead singer of the band Starship (formerly Jefferson Starship). It was taken from Summer's thirteenth studio album, All Systems Go (1987). The song was written by Summer, her husband, Bruce Sudano, Michael Omartian, Virgil Weber, John Bettis, and its producer Harold Faltermeyer. It was released as the album's second single on November 16, 1987 by Geffen Records. The ballad was released as a single in North America and Japan.

Bruce Sudano
Bruce Charles Sudano (born September 26, 1948) is an American musician and songwriter noted for having written numerous songs for artists such as Michael Jackson, Dolly Parton, Reba McEntire, and his wife, the Grammy Award-winning singer Donna Summer. Sudano is the founder of indie record label Purple Heart Recording Company.
The Lady in the Van (soundtrack)
The Lady in the Van is the original soundtrack album for the 2015 film of the same name. Composed by George Fenton, it was released through Sony Classical Records, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment that specialises in classical music and compositions.

Sony Classical Records
Sony Classical is an American record label founded in 1924 as Columbia Masterworks Records, a subsidiary of Columbia Records. In 1980, the Columbia Masterworks label was renamed as CBS Masterworks. The CBS Records Group was acquired by Sony in 1988, and in 1990 it was renamed Sony Classical.
Shattuckite
Shattuckite is a copper silicate hydroxide mineral with formula Cu5(SiO3)4(OH)2. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic – dipyramidal crystal system and usually occurs in a granular massive form and also as fibrous acicular crystals.  It is closely allied to plancheite in structure and appearance.

Shattuckite is a relatively rare copper silicate mineral. It was first discovered in 1915 in the copper mines of Bisbee, Arizona, specifically the Shattuck Mine (hence the name). It is a secondary mineral that forms from the alteration of other secondary minerals. At the Shattuck Mine, it forms pseudomorphs after malachite. A pseudomorph is an atom by atom replacement of a crystal structure by another crystal structure, but with little alteration of the outward shape of the original crystal. It is sometimes used as a gemstone.

Bisbee, Arizona
Bisbee is a city in and the county seat of Cochise County in southeastern Arizona, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the town was 4,923, down from 5,575 in the 2010 census.
Nzinga Biegueng Mboup
Nzinga Biegueng Mboup is a Senegalese architect based in Dakar, known for her expertise in bioclimatic design and construction utilizing locally sourced earth and biomaterials. She is also recognized for her significant contributions to architectural research, particularly in the study of Dakar's urban and cultural heritage.

Demographics of Senegal
Demographic features of the population of Senegal include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

About 42% of Senegal's population is rural. In rural areas, population density varies from about 77 per square kilometer (200/mile²) in the west-central region to 2 per square kilometer (5/mile²) in the arid eastern section. The average population density for the country is 68 people per square kilometer (180 people/mi2). French is the official language but is used regularly only by the literate minority. Almost all Senegalese speak an indigenous language, of which Wolof has the largest usage. Many Senegalese live in Europe, particularly in France, Italy and Spain.
Three virgins of Tuburga
The Three virgins of Tuburga were a group of young women who were executed for being Christians around 257 AD, in what was Roman Empire-era Tunisia.

Traditionally named Maxima, Donatilla, and Secunda, the trio are venerated as saints in the Eastern Orthodox Church and in the Catholic Church. They are remembered in both churches on 30 July.

The three young women were martyred under Emperor Valerian's persecution in the 3rd century. It is also possible they were executed under Diocletian given the dates Proconsul Anullinus was procurator.

They are among the few named victims of this widespread persecution, and the primary source on them is John Foxe who records that they "had gall and vinegar given them to drink, were then severely scourged, tormented on a gibbet, rubbed with lime, scorched on a gridiron, worried by wild beasts, and at length beheaded".

John Foxe
John Foxe (1516/1517 – 18 April 1587) was an English clergyman, theologian, and historian, notable for his martyrology Foxe's Book of Martyrs, telling of Christian martyrs throughout Western history, but particularly the sufferings of English Protestants and "proto-Protestants" from the 14th century and in the reign of Mary I. The book was widely owned and read by English Puritans and helped to mould British opinion on the Catholic Church for several centuries.