hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter Urban (karate)
Peter George Urban (August 14, 1934 – April 7, 2004) was an American martial artist. Called "The George Washington of American Karate" by Kick Illustrated magazine, and "The Godfather of American Goju" by Official Karate magazine. Urban was the founder of the karate style known as American GōJū Ryū Karate Do (USA GoJu Karate). He was one of only a small number of white students under Gōgen Yamaguchi, an early Japanese GōJū Ryū Sensei, Practitioner, and Instructor as well as the head of the style's organization, The GoJu Kai. Controversially, Urban created an American style of Gōjū-ryū without the permission of Yamaguchi who would not allow Urban to represent Japanese Karate in America as head representative for the GoJu Kai.

Gōjū-ryū
Gōjū-ryū (剛柔流), Japanese for "hard-soft style", is one of the main traditional Okinawan styles of karate, featuring a combination of hard and soft techniques.

Gō, which means hard, refers to closed hand techniques or straight linear attacks; jū, which means soft, refers to open hand techniques and circular movements. Gōjū-ryū incorporates both circular and linear movements into its curriculum, combining hard striking attacks such as kicks and close hand punches with softer open hand circular techniques for attacking, blocking, and controlling the opponent, including joint locks, grappling, takedowns, and throws.

Major emphasis is given to breathing correctly in all of the kata but particularly in the two core kata of the style, Sanchin and Tensho. Gōjū-ryū practices methods that include body strengthening and conditioning, its basic approach to fighting (distance, stickiness, power generation, etc.), and partner drills.
Al-Azhar Great Mosque
Al-Azhar Great Mosque (Indonesian: Masjid Agung Al-Azhar) is a mosque located in Jalan Sisingamangaraja, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta. The mosque was constructed between 1953 and 1958. It was originally known simply as Mesjid Agung (Great Mosque). It was Jakarta's largest mosque when it was built until it was surpassed by the Istiqlal Mosque, which was completed in 1978. Al-Azhar mosque and its complex are best known for their educational works.

Dawah
Daʿwah (Arabic: دعوة, Arabic: [ˈdaʕwah], "invitation", also spelt dâvah, daawa, dawah, daawah or dakwah) is the act of proselytizing people to Islam. The plural is daʿwāt (دَعْوات) or daʿawāt (دَعَوات). Preachers who engage in dawah are known as da'i.
Edward W. Seymour
Edward Woodruff Seymour (August 30, 1832 – October 16, 1892) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut, son of Origen Storrs Seymour, great-nephew of Horatio Seymour.

Born in Litchfield, Connecticut, Seymour attended the public schools and was graduated from Yale College in 1853. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1856 and practiced in Litchfield and Bridgeport, Connecticut.

He served as member of the State house of representatives from 1859 to 1860, and from 1870 to 1871. He served in the State senate in 1876.

Seymour was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1887). He resumed the practice of his profession.

He was appointed as a judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court in 1889.

He died in Litchfield, Connecticut, on October 16, 1892.
He was interred in East Cemetery.

49th United States Congress
The 49th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1887, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's first presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.
1938 NCAA swimming and diving championships
The 1938 NCAA swimming and diving championships were contested at the College Avenue Gym at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey at the 15th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

Michigan repeated as national champions, edging rivals  Ohio State by one point (46–45) in the team standings. It was the Wolverines' second official national title.

Michigan Wolverines swimming and diving
The Michigan Wolverines swimming and diving teams represent the University of Michigan in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Swimming and Diving Championships. The men's and women's teams, which had been coached separately, were combined in August 2012 by the University of Michigan Athletic Department.

The program has won 12 NCAA Championships, the second-most in history, as well as 58 Big Ten Championships. It has produced 399 All-Americans, and 107 Olympians have been affiliated with the program.
Armin Hofmann
Armin Hofmann (HonRDI) (29 June 1920 – 18 December 2020) was a Swiss graphic designer and design educator, considered one of the most influential figures of Swiss design. Through a regular visiting professorship at Yale University School of Art in 1960–80s, Hofmann introduced the Swiss design style to the United States.

Yale School of Art
The Yale School of Art is the visual art school of Yale University. Founded in 1869 as the first professional fine arts school in the United States, it grants Masters of Fine Arts degrees to students completing a two-year course in graphic design, painting/printmaking, photography, or sculpture.

U.S. News & World Report's most recent rankings from 2020 rated Yale as tied for second with the School of the Art Institute of Chicago for on their list of Best Masters of Fine Arts programs in the United States.
Cayo Miltos
Sotero Cayo Miltos Miers (1843, Concepción – 1871, Asunción) was a Paraguayan politician.

He studied in universities in Argentina and Sorbonne. He returned to Paraguay in 1869 and was a political ally of Facundo Machaín and Juan Antonio Jara. After Cirilo Antonio Rivarola was elected as President of the Republic, Miltos was elected as President of Superior Tribunal Court and was also elected in the commission to write a new constitution, leading the opposition bloc within this body.

On November 24, 1870, he was elected as Vice President, by the National Constitutional Convention, taking office on the next day. He died in office on January 7, 1871, during a yellow fever outbreak.

1870 Paraguayan Constitutional Assembly election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Paraguay in July 1870. The Paraguayan Legion won a majority in the elections. The election campaign was characterized by street violence.

The constitution convention was held in August 1870.
Fight for Your Lady
Fight for Your Lady is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Benjamin Stoloff and written by Ernest Pagano, Harry Segall and Harold Daniel Kusel. The film stars John Boles, Jack Oakie, Ida Lupino, Margot Grahame, Gordon Jones, Erik Rhodes, Billy Gilbert and Paul Guilfoyle. The film was released on November 5, 1937, by RKO Pictures.

Jack Oakie
Jack Oakie (born Lewis Delaney Offield; November 12, 1903 – January 23, 1978) was an American actor, starring mostly in films, but also working on stage, radio and television. He portrayed Napaloni in Chaplin's The Great Dictator (1940), receiving a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
Optare Olympus
The East Lancs Olympus (Renamed Darwen Olympus before being renamed to Optare Olympus after ELC was acquired by Optare in 2008) is a double-decker bus built by East Lancs, Optare and Darwen. It could be built as a body available on Alexander Dennis Enviro400, Volvo B9TL or Scania N230UD/N270UD chassis with the 2-axle and 3-axle variants. It is the double-decker equivalent of the Optare Esteem. Some 3-axle Olympus buses were built.

London United Busways
London United is a bus company which operates bus services mostly in west and south-west Greater London. It is currently a subsidiary of First Bus London and operates services under contract to Transport for London.
Cocido madrileño
Cocido madrileño (Spanish: [koˈθiðo maðɾiˈleɲo]; "Madrilenian stew") is a traditional chickpea-based stew associated with the Madrid region. It is most popular during the winter. Long-cooking cocidos are thought to be derived from Sephardic adafina recipes.

Blood sausage
A blood sausage is a sausage filled with blood that is cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until it is thick enough to solidify when cooled. Most commonly, the blood of pigs, sheep, lamb, cow, chicken, or goose is used.

In Europe and the Americas, typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, cornmeal, onion, chestnuts, barley, oatmeal, and buckwheat. On the Iberian Peninsula and in Latin America and Asia, fillers are often made with rice. Sweet variants with sugar, honey, orange peel, and spices are also regional specialties.

In many languages, a general term such as blood sausage (American English) is used for all sausages that are made from blood, whether or not they include non-animal material such as bread, cereal, and nuts. Sausages that include such material are often referred to with more specific terms, such as black pudding in English. Other varieties of blood sausage include boudin rouge (Creole and Cajun), rellena or moronga (Mexico), and sanganel (Friuli).
Coleataenia
Coleataenia is a genus of grasses in the tribe Paniceae of the family Poaceae. Until recently this genus was part of Panicum.  In 2010, Zuloaga, Scataglini, & Morrone proposed the transfer of the Panicum sections Agrostoidea and Tenera to the new genus, Sorengia.  However, that same year, because one of the new species' synonyms was in the valid genus Coleataenia,  Robert J. Soreng determined that Sorengia was not a valid name for the new genus and re-published it as Coleataenia.

Paniceae
Paniceae is a large tribe of the subfamily Panicoideae in the grasses (Poaceae), the only in the monotypic supertribe Panicodae. It includes roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Paniceae includes species using either of the C4 and C3 photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species. Most of the millets are members of tribe Paniceae.

The tribe is subdivided into seven subtribes, but some genera are as yet unplaced (incertae sedis). Species in the Paniceae have an ancestral chromosome number (monoploid number) of x = 9, while species with x = 10 formerly included are now recognised as separate tribe, Paspaleae.
Siúil a Rúin
"Siúil a Rúin" (Roud 911) is a traditional Irish song, sung from the point of view of a woman lamenting a lover who has embarked on a military career, and indicating her willingness to support him. The song has English language verses and an Irish language chorus, a style known as macaronic.

The title (pronounced [ˌʃuːlʲ ə ˈɾˠuːnʲ]) translates to "go, my love" (or variants): siúil is an imperative, literally translating to "walk!", a rúin is a term of endearment.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Năstase
Năstase is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Năstase (born 1950), Romanian politician

Andrei Năstase (born 1975), Moldovan activist, lawyer, and politician

Doru Năstase (1933–1983), Romanian film director and actor

Gheorghe Năstase (fl. 1910s), Bessarabian politician

Horațiu Năstase, Romanian physicist and professor

Ilie Năstase (born 1946), Romanian tennis player

Liliana Năstase (born 1962), Romanian heptathlete

Mihnea-Ion Năstase (born 1967), Romanian tennis player, nephew of Ilie Năstase

Valentin Năstase (born 1974),  Romanian footballer who played as a defender

Vasile Năstase (born 1962), Romanian rower

Viorel Năstase (born 1953), Romanian footballer who played as a forward

Liliana Năstase
Liliana Năstase (later Alexandru, born 1 August 1962) is a retired Romanian heptathlete. She won the world indoor title in 1993 and placed fourth at the 1992 Olympics, only 30 points behind the bronze medalist.
Visceral pain
Visceral pain is defined as pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs) in the human body. Visceral structures are highly sensitive to distension (stretch), ischemia and inflammation, but relatively insensitive to other stimuli that normally evoke pain such as cutting or burning.

Visceral pain is diffuse, difficult to localize, and often referred to a distant, usually superficial, structure. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, changes in vital signs as well as emotional manifestations. The pain may be described as sickening, throbbing, pulsating, deep, squeezing, and/or dull.

Nociceptor
A nociceptor (from Latin  nocere 'to harm or hurt') is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals to the spinal cord and the brain. The brain creates the sensation of pain to direct attention to the body part, so the threat can be mitigated; this process is called nociception.
Robert McGhee (archaeologist)
Robert John McGhee (born 1941) is a Canadian archaeologist and author, specializing in the archaeology of the Arctic.

McGhee was born in Wiarton, Ontario, in 1941. He studied at the University of Toronto and the University of Calgary, receiving a Ph.D. in 1968. McGhee worked in the Middle East as a student. He went on to study the remains of Martin Frobisher's expedition searching for the Northwest Passage, a 2000-year-old village in the Siberian peninsula and an Inuit village at Resolute, Nunavut. He was Curator of Western Arctic Archaeology at the Canadian Museum of Civilization, now the Canadian Museum of History, until he retired in 2008. He was then named emeritus curator, but lost this status in 2012 when his wife, Patricia Sutherland, was let go by the museum.

He was awarded the Massey Medal of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society in 2000. McGhee is a former president of the Canadian Archaeological Association and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

Resolute, Nunavut
Resolute or Resolute Bay (Inuktitut: ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, romanized: Qausuittuq, lit. 'place with no dawn') is an Inuit hamlet on Cornwallis Island in Nunavut, Canada. It is at the northern end of Resolute Bay and the Northwest Passage and is part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region.
Lower Salmon River Archeological District
The Lower Salmon River Archeological District is a 4,818 acres (19.50 km2) historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.  It included 213 contributing sites.

The district spans across parts of Idaho County, Lewis County and Nez Perce County counties of Idaho.  It extends along 51 miles (82 km) of the lower Salmon River.

Archeological studies were conducted in the area during 1961 to 1964 by the Idaho State College Museum, and by other entities at later dates.

This area includes the Cooper's Ferry site.

Idaho County, Idaho
Idaho County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho, and the largest by area in the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,541. The county seat is Grangeville. Previous county seats of the area were Florence (1864–68), Washington (1868–75), and Mount Idaho (1875–1902).
Tokihiko Matsuura
Tokihiko Matsuura (松浦 聡彦, Matsuura Tokihiko, born April 4, 1968) is a Japanese manga artist from Mie prefecture. He has published his works in a number of Shogakukan manga magazines, including Shonen Sunday, Young Sunday, and Big Comic Superior.

His best-known published manga is Tuxedo Gin. Also, he was formerly an assistant to Tatsuya Egawa.

Tatsuya Egawa
Tatsuya Egawa (江川 達也, Egawa Tatsuya; born March 8, 1961) is a Japanese manga artist and film director. He is probably best known for his Golden Boy manga series, which debuted in 1992. Egawa is known for his drawings of over-the-top facial expressions always crediting the staff of his creations, even on the covers (crediting the works to "Egawa and his assistants"). Kōsuke Fujishima, who is known as the creator of Oh My Goddess, was once one of Egawa's assistants.
K. P. Hariharaputhran
K. P. Hariharaputhran (3 January 1944 – 26 August 2023) was an Indian film editor who worked in Malayalam cinema. Born on 3 January 1944, he started his career as an assistant to K. Sankunni for the film, Vilakku Vangiya Veena in 1971 and his first assignment as an independent editor was in 1979 for Kalliyankattu Neeli. He edited over 80 films which included commercially successful films such as Sheshakriya, Sukhamo Devi, Punjabi House, Mayavi, Vadakkumnadhan, Pandippada, Thommanum Makkalum and Chathikkatha Chanthu.

Hariharaputhran died at his residence in Thiruvananthapuram on 26 August 2023, at the age of 79.

Sheshakriya
Sheshakriya is a 1982 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Ravi Alummoodu and produced by Suresh Venganoor. The film stars Aranmula Hariharaputhran, Jalaja, John Samuel and P. V. Narayanan in the lead roles.
Vivah (2019 film)
Vivah (transl. Marriage) is a 2019 Indian Bhojpuri-language romantic drama film written and directed by Manjul Thakur and jointly produced by Pradeep Singh, Nishant Ujjwal and Pratik Singh. Its star Pradeep Pandey aka Chintu, Sanchita Benarjee and Akanksha Awasthi in lead roles, while Awdhesh Mishra, Sanjay Mahanand, Ritu Pandey, Lalit Upadhyay, Anita Rawat, Maya Yadav, Shweta Verma, Arbind Tiwari and others in supporting roles. Pakhi Hegde and Kajal Raghwani make special appearance in songs.

A sequel, Vivah 2, directed by Premanshu Singh and again starting Pradeep Pandey in the lead role was released in 2021.

Bhojpuri language
Bhojpuri (IPA: /ˌboʊdʒˈpʊəri/; Devanagari: भोजपुरीⓘ, Kaithi: 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲, (IPA: [bʰoːdʒpʊɾiː])) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal. It is chiefly spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northwestern Jharkhand in India, as well as western Madhesh, eastern Lumbini. According to the 2011 Census of India, it is spoken by approximately 50.5 million people.

It is also a minority language in Fiji, Mauritius, Suriname and historically primarily in the Natal province of  South Africa. Fiji Hindi, an official language of Fiji, is a dialect of Bhojpuri spoken by the Indo-Fijians. Caribbean Hindustani is spoken by the Indo-Caribbean people in Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. In Mauritius, it is recognised by the government and taught in university as well.

Bhojpuri language is listed as potentially vulnerable in the UNESCO World Atlas of Languages.
Solenocera acuminata
Solenocera acuminata is a species of decapod within the family Solenoceridae. The species is distributed in and around parts of the Caribbean Sea at depths of at depths of 150 to 400 meters, with the highest biomass being at 330 to 380 meters. Females are larger than males reaching lengths of 95.2 mm. The species is being considered for deep-sea fisheries in the Caribbean region of Colombia, however more information on the species is needed for fisheries to begin targeting the species.

Decapod
The Decapoda or decapods (from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), meaning "ten", and πούς (poús), meaning "foot") is a large order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, and includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and prawns. Most decapods are scavengers. The order is estimated to contain nearly 15,000 extant species in around 2,700 genera, with around 3,300 fossil species. Nearly half of these species are crabs, with the shrimp (about 3,000 species) and Anomura including hermit crabs, king crabs, porcelain crabs, squat lobsters (about 2500 species) making up the bulk of the remainder. The earliest fossils of the group date to the Devonian.
Lambert Adelot
Lambert Adelot (born 14 June 1898, date of death unknown) was a Belgian field hockey player who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was a member of the Belgian field hockey team which finished fourth in the 1928 Olympic tournament. He played all five matches as halfback.

Eight years later he was part of the Belgian team which was eliminated in the first round of the 1936 Olympic tournament. He played all three matches.

Field hockey at the 1936 Summer Olympics
The field hockey tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the fifth edition of the field hockey event at the Summer Olympics.

All games took place either in the Hockey Stadion or on the Hockey Stadion Field No.2. Both of the field hockey grounds were near the Olympic Stadium located on the Reichssportfeld. The competition was held from 4 August 1936 to 15 August 1936. The field hockey matches saw a total attendance of 184,103 and 157,531 tickets were sold. The Indian team scored 38 goals, but only 1 goal was scored against them. British India were the Gold medalists.

Only a men's competition occurred that year.
Nepheloleuca
Nepheloleuca, is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1883. The genus includes twelve species, similar in appearance, yet different in ground color and with minor variations in markings. Nepheloleuca species occur on the Caribbean islands of Haiti, Cuba and Jamaica, but also on mainland South America.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2016
The nominations for the 17th Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards, honoring the best in filmmaking in 2016, were announced on December 16, 2016. Manchester by the Sea led with six nominations, when Moonlight with four and La La Land with three nominations.

The winners were announced on December 20, 2016. Manchester by the Sea won five awards, including Best Film.

Ashley McKenzie (director)
Ashley McKenzie (born 1984) is a Canadian director, screenwriter, and editor. She is known for her feature film directorial debut Werewolf (2016), which won numerous accolades, including the $100,000 Toronto Film Critics Association prize for best Canadian film of the year.
Troyan
Troyan (Bulgarian: Троян pronounced [troˈjan]) is a town remembering the name of Roman Emperor Trajan, in Lovech Province in central Bulgaria . It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Troyan Municipality. The town is about 162 kilometres (101 miles) from the national capital Sofia. The Beli Osam river passes through the heart of the town.
The 2021 Census indicates that the population of Troyan was 18,449 inhabitants. The ethnic distribution of the inhabitants (as of 2009) is ethnic Bulgarians (87.29%), with minorities being Roma (1.23%) and Turks (1.03%). 
Donka Mihaylova of Bulgarian Socialist Party has been the town's mayor since 2011.

Rakia
Rakia, rakija, rakiya, rachiu or rikea  (/ˈrɑːkiə, ˈræ-, rəˈkiːə/), is the collective term for fruit spirits or fruit brandy popular in the Balkans. The alcohol content of rakia is normally 40% ABV, but home-produced rakia can be stronger (typically 50–80%).