hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lubango Airport
Lubango Mukanka Airport (Portuguese: Aeroporto de Lubango) (IATA: SDD, ICAO: FNUB) is an airport serving Lubango, the capital city of the Huíla Province in Angola. The Lubango non-directional beacon (Ident: SB) is located 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) east-northeast of the Rwy 28 threshold.

Non-directional beacon
A non-directional beacon (NDB) or non-directional radio beacon is a radio beacon which does not include inherent directional information. Radio beacons are radio transmitters at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. NDB are in contrast to directional radio beacons and other navigational aids, such as low-frequency radio range, VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and tactical air navigation system (TACAN).

NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, NDB signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range. The system, developed by United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain Albert Francis Hegenberger, was used to fly the world's first instrument approach on May 9, 1932.
Brikhesh Chandra Lal
Brikhesh Chandra Lal  (Nepali: वृषेश चन्द्र लाल) is a Nepali politician belonging to Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal. He is also a former member of Rastriya Sabha and was elected under open category.

He was the founding leader of Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party and former mayor of Janakpur.

National Assembly (Nepal)
The National Assembly (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय सभा, romanized: Rāṣṭriya Sabhā) is the upper house of the Federal Parliament of Nepal, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Assembly are established by Part 8 and 9 of the Constitution of Nepal. There are a total of 59 members: 8 members are elected from each of the seven provinces by an electoral college of each province, and three are appointed by the President on recommendation of the government.

Members serve staggered six year terms such that the term of one-third members expires every two years.
Lo Nuestro Award for Duranguense Artist of the Year
The Lo Nuestro Award for Duranguense Artist of the Year  was an award presented annually by American network Univision. The accolade was established to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music. The nominees and winners were originally selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and also based on chart performance on Billboard Latin music charts, with the results tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Deloitte. However, since 2004, the winners are selected through an online survey. The trophy awarded is shaped in the form of a treble clef.

The award was first presented to American band Grupo Montez de Durango in 2007, they are the most nominated and awarded performers, with four wins out of eight nominations. Mexican band El Trono de México are the most nominated act without a win, with five unsuccessful nominations. In 2014, the category was disestablished.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
Moshe Rosenthalis
Moshe Rosenthalis (Hebrew: משה רוזנטליס; November 18, 1922 – August 26, 2008) was a Lithuanian-Israeli painter and an art teacher. As a young artist in Lithuania, then part of the Soviet Union, he adapted the dominant Socialist realist discipline. After his immigration to Israel in 1958, where he lived and created for 50 years until his death, he implemented various art methods, including Abstract, Fauvism, Figurative, Expressionism and diverse media and bases. He painted thousands of drawings, portraits, and engravings. His paintings were characterized by vivid colors and Joie de vivre. Many of his works drew inspiration from the Israeli landscapes, images, and peoples, especially of Jaffa Port and Safed.

Joie de vivre
Joie de vivre (/ˌʒwɑː də ˈviːv(rə)/ ZHWAH də VEEV(-rə), French: [ʒwa d(ə) vivʁ] ⓘ; 'joy of living') is a French phrase often used in English to express a cheerful enjoyment of life, an exultation of spirit, and general happiness.

It "can be a joy of conversation, joy of eating, joy of anything one might do… And joie de vivre may be seen as a joy of everything, a comprehensive joy, a philosophy of life, a Weltanschauung. Robert's Dictionnaire says "joie" is sentiment exaltant ressenti par toute la conscience, that is, involves one's whole being."
Teodoro Cano García
Teodoro Cano Garcia (born 1932) is an artist from Papantla, Veracruz, Mexico who is best known for his mural work depicting the Totonac culture of his native region in northern Veracruz. Cano was discovered by Diego Rivera, who helped Cano as a youth enter the prestigious San Carlos Academy and then employed him as an assistant with the mural work being done at the Ciudad Universitaria in Mexico City. Cano painted his first solo mural in 1953, and since then has produced paintings, murals, sculptures, photography, book illustrations and more, including creating a high relief technique with a cement base. However, Cano is best known for his mural work which depicts and promotes the Totonac culture, and much of his work can be seen in his hometown, including a monumental sculpture of a Volador dancer overlooking the city. Cano also worked as an academic for over 36 years, recently retiring, but he continues to work as an artist based in Xalapa.

Academy of San Carlos
The Academy of San Carlos (Spanish: Academia de San Carlos), formerly also known as the National School of Fine Arts (Spanish: Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes), is an art academy in Mexico City that historically played an important role in the development of Mexican art and architecture. Founded in 1781 as the School of Engraving, it was the first major art school and the first art museum in the Americas.

The school was moved to the Academia Street location about 10 years after its founding and is located at 22 Academia Street, just northeast of the Zócalo of Mexico City. It emphasized the European classical tradition in training until the early 20th century, when it shifted to a more modern perspective.

The Academy of San Carlos was integrated with the National Autonomous University of Mexico, eventually becoming the Faculty of Arts and Design, which is based in Xochimilco. Currently, only graduate courses of the modern school are given in the original academy building.
Ellen Dahrendorf
Ellen Dahrendorf, Baroness Dahrendorf (née Ellen Joan Krug) is a British historian and translator of Russian political works, and the former wife (1980–2004) of the late German/British academic and politician Ralf Dahrendorf.

Lady Dahrendorf has served on the boards of Article 19, the Jewish Institute for Policy Research, has been chair of the British branch of the New Israel Fund,  was a co-founder of the  Working Group on the Internment of Dissidents in Psychiatric Hospitals and also Independent Jewish Voices organisation.

She is the daughter of  James Krug, a school teacher and married Ralf Dahrendorf in 1980.

With her former husband, she lived  in London and with a vacation home in Bonndorf, Germany.

New Israel Fund
The New Israel Fund (NIF; Hebrew: הקרן החדשה לישראל, romanized: HaKeren HaKhadashah L'Yisra'el; Arabic: الصندوق الجديد لإسرائيل, romanized: aṣ-Ṣundūq al-Jadīd li-ʾIsrāʾīl) is a United States–based NGO established in 1979. It describes its objective as social justice and equality for all Israelis. The New Israel Fund says it has provided $300 million to over 900 Israeli civil society organizations. It describes itself as active on the issues of civil and human rights, women's rights, religious status, human rights for Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied territories, the rights of Israel's Arab minority, and freedom of speech. The New Israel Fund is the largest foreign donor to progressive causes in Israel.

Its financial support for Breaking the Silence, Adalah, B'Tselem, Yesh Din, and other groups allegedly hostile to Zionist values has drawn criticism from Israel’s political right.
Montmeyan
Montmeyan (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃mɛjɑ̃]; Mount-Meyan in Provençal language of Mistralian norm and Montmejan in classical norm) is a commune (municipality), located in the department of Var, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, southeastern France.

Verdon (river)
The Verdon (French pronunciation: [vɛʁdɔ̃], Occitan: [ˈbeɾðu]) is a 166.5-kilometre-long (103.5 mi) river in Southeastern France, left tributary of the Durance. Its drainage basin is 2,295 km2 (886 sq mi). The Verdon is best known for its impressive canyon: the Verdon Gorge. This limestone canyon, also called the "Grand Canyon of Verdon", 20 kilometres (12 mi) long and more than 300 metres (980 ft) deep, is a popular climbing and sight-seeing area. The name comes from the green appearance of the waters of the river, in the canyon.
Halych Land (ziemia)
Halych land (Polish: ziemia halicka, Ukrainian: Галицька земля) was an historical administrative region (Polish: ziemia) of the Kingdom of Poland which existed from 1349 during the reign of king Casimir III the Great. Its legal system was based on Magdeburg rights, civil law from the 15th century was based on the Statutes of Casimir the Great and the judicial province was Lesser Poland. Its capital city was the urban centre of Halych (Polish: Halicz). From 1434 to 1772 Halych land was one of five regions of the Ruthenian Voivodeship in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland until the First Partition of Poland.

Terebovlia
Terebovlia (Ukrainian: Теребовля, IPA: [tereˈbɔu̯lʲɐ] ⓘ; Polish: Trembowla; Yiddish: טרעבעוולע, romanized: Trebevle) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Terebovlia hosts the administration of Terebovlia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 13,226 (2022 estimate); 13,661 (2001).
Reinhold Tüxen
Reinhold Hermann Hans Tüxen (born 21 May 1899 in Ulsnis (Schleswig-Holstein); died 16 May 1980 in Rinteln) was a German botanist and plant sociologist. Along with Erich Oberdorfer, he was one of the early promoters and founders of modern plant sociology in Germany. His botanical author's abbreviation is Tüxen; in plant sociology,  the abbreviation Tx. is also in use.

During the Third Reich Tüxen mapped the flora at Auschwitz for the plan of the SS model city of Auschwitz, as a pilot project for the integration of a conquered city. Here "German plants" were to form a border between the residential city and the extermination camp. However, in 1942 he was removed as chairman of the German working group for plant sociology due to a lack of Nazi Party membership and alleged political unreliability.

Stolzenau
Stolzenau is a municipality in the district of Nienburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Weser, approx. 20 km southwest of Nienburg, and 25 km northeast of Minden. During the second half of the 20th century, a unit of the Royal Netherlands Air Force was stationed in Stolzenau.
Recke (surname)
Recke is a German-language surname.

Elisa von der Recke (1754–1833), Baltic German writer and poet

Heinrich Recke (1890–1943), German general

Johann Friedrich von Recke (1764–1846), senior public official in the Baltic Germans Duchy of Courland

Johann Friedrich von Recke
Johann Friedrich von Recke (1 August 1764 – 13 September 1846) was a senior public official in the Baltic Germans Duchy of Courland.   He is remembered now, primarily, for his activities as an antiquarian and collector.

Following his withdrawal from government service he became the co-compiler of the General Writers and Scholars Lexicon of the Provinces of Latvia, Estonia and Courland (Allgemeine Schriftsteller- und Gelehrten-Lexikon der Provinzen Livland, Esthland und Kurland).
Bernard's wolf
Bernard's wolf (Canis lupus bernardi), also known as the Banks Island wolf or the Banks Island tundra wolf, is an extinct subspecies of the gray wolf that was limited to Banks and Victoria Island of the Arctic Archipelago.

Subspecies of Canis lupus
There are 38 subspecies of Canis lupus listed in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005, 3rd edition). These subspecies were named over the past 250 years, and since their naming, a number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus).
Nowy Żytnik
Nowy Żytnik [ˈnɔvɨ ˈʐɨtnik] (formerly German Neue Mühle) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Malechowo, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Malechowo, 13 km (8 mi) south of Sławno, and 167 km (104 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Sławno County
Sławno County (Polish: powiat sławieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Sławno, which lies 174 kilometres (108 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Darłowo, lying on the coast 19 km (12 mi) west of Sławno.

The county covers an area of 1,043.62 square kilometres (402.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 57,643, out of which the population of Darłowo is 14,380, that of Sławno is 13,314, and the rural population is 29,949.
Töre (dynasty)
Töre (Kazakh: Төре, romanized: Töre, تورە) is a Kazakh dynasty and later a clan of the descendants of Genghis Khan. The dynasty constituted the upper class of the aristocratic elite that ruled in the Kazakh Khanate. They were also called "Aqsüiek" and "Sūltan töre". Only Töre were eligible to claim the Kazakh Khan title. The first Kazakh Khans from the Töre dynasty were Kerei Khan and Janibek Khan.

Qūn (Kazakh: Құн, romanized: Qūn — payment for killing) for killing Töre was seven times higher than for a commoner.

Janibek Khan
Abū Saʿīd Janibek Bahadur Khan bin Barak Sultan (Kazakh: ابو سعید جانی بک بهادر خان بن براق سلطان, Әбу Саид Жәнібек Баһадүр хан бин Барақ сұлтан, Äbu Saïd Jänıbek Bahadür Han bïn Baraq Sultan), otherwise known by his shortened regal name Janibek Khan, was a co-founder and the second khan of the Kazakh Khanate from 1473 to 1480.
Church of the Resurrection, Poliany
Church of the Resurrection (Ukrainian: Церква Воскресіння Христового) is an Orthodox parish church (OCU) in Poliany of the Pomoriany settlement hromada, Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast. An architectural monument of local importance. It is the only wooden church with paintings by Modest Sosenko.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Gammarus
Gammarus is an amphipod crustacean genus in the family Gammaridae. It contains more than 200 described species, making it one of the most species-rich genera of crustaceans. Different species have different optimal conditions, particularly in terms of salinity, and different tolerances; Gammarus pulex, for instance, is a purely freshwater species, while Gammarus locusta is estuarine, only living where the salinity is greater than 25‰.

Species of Gammarus are the typical "scuds" of North America and range widely throughout the Holarctic. A considerable number are also found southwards into the Northern Hemisphere tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia.

Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.
Federal Correctional Institution, Oakdale
The Federal Correctional Institution, Oakdale (FCI Oakdale) is a low-security United States federal prison for male inmates in Louisiana. It is part of the Oakdale Federal Correctional Complex (FCC) and operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice.

The complex consists of two facilities:

Federal Correctional Institution, Oakdale (FCI Oakdale I): a low-security facility.

Federal Correctional Institution, Oakdale (FCI Oakdale II): a low-security facility.

FCI Oakdale is located in central Louisiana, thirty-five miles south of Alexandria and fifty-eight miles north of Lake Charles.

Alexandria, Louisiana
Alexandria is the ninth-largest city in the state of Louisiana and is the parish seat of and the largest city in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It lies on the south bank of the Red River in almost the exact geographic center of the state. It is the principal city of the Alexandria metropolitan area (population 153,922) which encompasses all of Rapides and Grant parishes. Its neighboring city is Pineville. As of the 2020 census, Alexandria had a population of 45,275.
Will Smith (comedian)
William James Smith (born 8 June 1971) is an English stand-up comedian, screenwriter, novelist, actor and producer. He is the Emmy-winning creator and showrunner of the Apple TV+ drama thriller Slow Horses (2022–). He is also known for being part of the writing team of the BBC sitcom The Thick of It (2007–2012) and its American HBO counterpart Veep (2012–16). Additionally, he starred as Phil Smith in the former.

As co-writer and co-producer of the HBO sitcom Veep, he was among the recipients of two Emmys and two Writers Guild of America Awards, and has received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy and the Producers Guild of America Award for Best Episodic Comedy.

Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy
The Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy is one of the annual Golden Globe Awards, given to the best comedy television series. From 1962 to 1968, the category was Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series, and grouped musical, comedy and drama series in a single category. After 1968, drama series were given their own category,  the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama.
Autostrada A3 (Italy)
The Autostrada A3 is an autostrada (Italian for "motorway") 53.6 kilometres (33.3 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Campania, which runs from Naples to Salerno. It is a part of the E45 European route.

Until 2017 the route was much longer, going after Salerno further south until Reggio Calabria; on this year, this section became part of the new Autostrada A2 and of its two spur routes.

Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level. There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.
Eric Mensforth
Sir Eric Mensforth, CBE, DL, FREng, FIMechE, FRAeS; Hon. FIEE (17 May 1906 – 20 February 2000) was a British engineer. He was one of the pioneers of the British helicopter industry.

He was educated at Altrincham County High School, University College School and King's College, Cambridge.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee cyber attacks
On Friday July 29, 2016 the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee reported that its computer systems had been infiltrated. It is strongly believed by US intelligence sources that the infiltrator groups are Russian foreign intelligence groups that breached the Democratic National Committee's computer systems. These groups are known as Fancy Bear and Cozy Bear (or "Sofacy").

CrowdStrike assisted with efforts to deal with the DCCC breach. There was significant concern that the Russian Government was attempting to influence the 2016 Presidential campaign. Russian cyber intrusions into United States government and private sector computer systems significantly increased after the U.S, imposed sanctions on Russia after its invasion of the Crimea in Ukraine. It was President Obama's preference to publicize cyber attacks.

CrowdStrike
CrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. is an American cybersecurity technology company based in Austin, Texas. It provides endpoint security, threat intelligence, and cyberattack response services.

Crowdstrike has investigated several high-profile cyberattacks, including the 2014 Sony Pictures hack, the 2015–16 cyberattacks on the Democratic National Committee (DNC), and the 2016 email leak involving the DNC. On July 19, 2024, it issued a faulty update to its security software that caused global computer outages that disrupted air travel, banking, broadcasting, and other services.
La Venganza de los Ex VIP season 4
The fourth season of La vengaza de los ex VIP, a Mexican television series from MTV and Paramount, premiered on March 18, 2025. It is the fifth season of the show overall. It documents a group of singles (social media and civic media celebrities) enjoying a vacation while competing one-on-one with their exes in each episode.

La Venganza de los Ex
La Venganza de los Ex is a Mexican reality series that airs on MTV. The series premiered on August 21, 2018. It features eight single men and women enjoying a summer vacation in paradise as they search for love. However, their exes joined them to turn things around. Each ex was there for a painful revenge or to rekindle their love.