hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Silay Al Khatami
Silay Al Khatami (Arabic: سالي الخثامي, romanized: Silay Al Khatamī) is a small agricultural and livestock village, located in the northeast of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), in the Hajar Mountains, Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah.

The town has about 30 houses, many of them rebuilt and renovated following a traditional style, stone huts and cabins; terraces supported by dry stone walls, without mortar, which allow water and soil to be retained, intended for pastures and other agricultural uses; gutters to collect runoff water; cisterns; sheepfolds; and other constructions. The existence of several small cemeteries also draws a lot of attention.

In recent years, a dirt track of almost 4 km (2.5 mi) was built, allowing access to the town by all-terrain vehicle, from the Wadi Qada'ah, which has greatly facilitated supplies and allowed the rapid development of the town, currently used as a second residence for some of its inhabitants.

Terrace (earthworks)
A terrace in agriculture is a flat surface that has been cut into hills or mountains to provide areas for the cultivation for crops, as a method of more effective farming. Terrace agriculture or cultivation is when these platforms are created successively down the terrain in a pattern that resembles the steps of a staircase. As a type of landscaping, it is called terracing.

Terraced fields decrease both erosion and surface runoff, and may be used to support growing crops that require irrigation, such as rice. The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of the significance of this technique.
Peter Woulfe
Peter Woulfe (1727–1803) was an Anglo-Irish chemist and mineralogist. He first had the idea that wolframite might contain a previously undiscovered element (tungsten).

In 1771, Woulfe reported the formation of a yellow dye when indigo was treated with nitric acid.

Later it was discovered by others that he had formed picric acid, which eventually was used as the first synthetic dye, an explosive and an antiseptic treatment for burns.

Woulfe is credited with inventing, around 1767, the Woulfe's bottle, an apparatus for purifying or dissolving gases, which employed a bottle with two or three necks.

Antiseptic
An antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit. 'against' and σηπτικός, sēptikos, 'putrefactive') is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection, or putrefaction. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to safely destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects.

Antibacterials include antiseptics that have the proven ability to act against bacteria. Microbicides which destroy virus particles are called viricides or antivirals. Antifungals, also known as antimycotics, are pharmaceutical fungicides used to treat and prevent mycosis (fungal infection).
The Kingdom of the Winds
The Kingdom of the Winds, also called The Land of Wind (Korean: 바람의 나라), is a 2008 epic South Korean historical drama, broadcast on KBS2 from 10 September 2008 to 15 January 2009. It is set during the Three Kingdoms period and features fictionalized portrayals of several historical figures from that era. It was directed by Kang Il-soo, written by Choi Wan-gyu, Jung Jin-ok and Park Jin-woo and adapted from a manhwa by Kim Jin.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Vladimir Safronov
Vladimir Konstantinovich Safronov (Russian: Владимир Константинович Сафронов) (29 December 1934 in Ulan-Ude, Buryat-Mongol ASSR — 26 December 1979) was a Russian featherweight boxer.

Safronov trained at the Armed Forces sports society in Chita, Irkutsk, Moscow. He became the Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR in 1957 and was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor in the same year. He became the first boxer of the USSR to win a gold medal at the Olympics. He won gold in Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne in the featherweight division (– 57 kg). During his career Safronov won 564 fights out of 565.

Safronov graduated from Moscow Poligraphy Institute in 1963 and worked as an art editor at Fizkultura i sport (physical culture and sports) publisher.

Order of the Badge of Honour
The Order of the Badge of Honour (Russian: орден «Знак Почёта», romanized: orden "Znak Pochyota") was a civilian award of the Soviet Union.

It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding achievements in sports, production, scientific research and social, cultural and other forms of social activity; for promotion of economic, scientific, technological, cultural and other ties between the USSR and other countries; and also for significant contribution to basic and applied research.

The order was awarded 1,574,368 times.

The "Order of the Badge of Honour" was replaced by the "Order of Honour" (Russian: Орден Почёта) by a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR on 28 December 1988. Following the USSR dissolution, it was replaced by the "Order of Honour" of Russia, established by Presidential Decree no. 442 of 2 March 1994.
The Degenhardts
The Degenhardts (German: Die Degenhardts) is a 1944 German drama film directed by Werner Klingler and starring Heinrich George, Ernst Schröder and Gunnar Möller. It was shot at the Grunewald Studios in Berlin and on location in Stralsund, Lüneburg and Lübeck. The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Lück and Fritz Maurischat.

Lüneburg
Lüneburg, officially the Hanseatic City of Lüneburg and also known in English as Lunenburg, is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of another Hanseatic city, Hamburg, and belongs to that city's wider metropolitan region. The capital of the district which bears its name, it is home to roughly 77,000 people. Lüneburg's urban area, which includes the surrounding communities of Adendorf, Bardowick, Barendorf and Reppenstedt, has a population of around 103,000. Lüneburg has been allowed to use the title Hansestadt ('Hanseatic Town') in its name since 2007, in recognition of its membership in the former Hanseatic League. Lüneburg is also home to Leuphana University.
Vovcha (Donets)
The Vovcha (Ukrainian: Вовча; Russian: Волчья) is an 88-kilometre (55 mi) long river in the Belgorod Oblast of Russia and Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is a left tributary of the Donets river.

Its source is in Belgorod Oblast, near the Russian-Ukrainian border, near the village of Volchya Alexandrovka. It flows in a predominantly westerly direction. The confluence with the Donets is near the city of Vovchansk.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Morteza Hosseini Fayaz
Sayyid Murtadha Husayni al-Fayadh (1928 - 20 August 2014, Arabic: السيد مرتضى الحسيني فياض) was an Iraqi Twelver Shi'a Marja.

Al-Fayadh was born in Najaf, Iraq in 1928, to an Alawite family. His father and grandfather both held the title of Ayatoallah. He studied in seminaries of Najaf under Abul-Qassim Khoei and Muhsin al-Hakim.

Al-Fayadh died on August 20, 2014. His funeral procession was held in Najaf, where he was buried in the Wadi al-salam cemetery.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Yoon Seok-ho
Yoon Seok-ho (Korean: 윤석호; born 4 June 1957) is a South Korean television drama director.

He was the director of four TV series produced by KBS that are sometimes collectively referred to as Endless Love, each containing the name of one of the four seasons in its title.  The series were immensely popular throughout Asia, especially Winter Sonata, and intensified a surge in popularity of Korean popular culture known as Hallyu.

Culture of South Korea
The contemporary culture of South Korea developed from the traditional culture of Korea which was prevalent in the early Korean nomadic tribes. By maintaining thousands of years of ancient Korean culture, with influence from ancient Chinese culture, South Korea split on its own path of cultural development away from North Korean culture since the division of Korea in 1945. The industrialization, urbanization and westernization of South Korea, especially Seoul, have brought many changes to the way Korean people live. Changing economics and lifestyles have led to urbanization—a concentration of population in major cities (and depopulation of the rural countryside), with multi-generational households separating into nuclear family living arrangements. Today, many cultural elements from South Korea, especially popular culture, have spread across the globe and have become some of the most prominent cultural forces in the world.
Hannam station
Hannam station is a station on the Gyeongui–Jungang Line. It is located on the northwestern end of the Hannam Bridge, overlooking the Han River. It was also called Dankook University station until 2007, when Dankook University moved the majority of its campus to the suburban city of Yongin.

The neighborhood of Hannam-dong is home to various nations' embassies in Korea, and many can be accessed from this station, with the closest being the embassy of Slovakia.

Dankook University
Dankook University (commonly referred to as Dankook), abbreviated as DKU, is a private research university in Yongin and Cheonan, South Korea. The university was established in 1947. It was the first university established after the National Liberation Day of Korea, and its original location was in Jongno District and Yongsan District (after Jongno), Seoul.
Pemtumomab
Pemtumomab (trade name Theragyn) is a mouse monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer. The substance has affinity to various types of cancer, like ovarian cancer and peritoneal cancer, via the polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM or MUC-1) and delivers the radioisotope Yttrium-90 into the tumour. As of 2009, it is undergoing Phase III clinical trials.

It has been granted orphan drug status in Europe.

Mucin short variant S1
Mucin short variant S1, also called polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), is a mucin encoded by the MUC1 gene in humans. Mucin short variant S1 is a glycoprotein with extensive O-linked glycosylation of its extracellular domain.  Mucins line the apical surface of epithelial cells in the lungs, stomach, intestines, eyes and several other organs. Mucins protect the body from infection by pathogen binding to oligosaccharides in the extracellular domain, preventing the pathogen from reaching the cell surface. Overexpression of MUC1 is often associated with colon, breast, ovarian, lung and pancreatic cancers. Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou identified and characterised the antigen during her work with breast and ovarian tumors.
How Can I Meet Her?
"How Can I Meet Her?" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Jack Keller and performed by The Everly Brothers. In 1962, the track reached No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 75 on the U.S. pop chart.

It was featured on their 1962 album, The Golden Hits of The Everly Brothers.

Jack Keller (songwriter)
Jack Walter Keller (born James Walter Keller; 11 November 1936 – 1 April 2005) was an American composer, songwriter and record producer.  He co-wrote, with Howard Greenfield and others, several pop hits in the late 1950s and early 1960s, including "Just Between You and Me", "Everybody's Somebody's Fool", "My Heart Has a Mind of Its Own", "Venus in Blue Jeans" and "Run to Him".  He also wrote the theme songs for TV series including Bewitched and Gidget, and later worked in Los Angeles – where he wrote for, and produced, The Monkees – and in Nashville.
WD-40
WD-40 (Water Displacement, 40th formula) is an American manufacturer and the trademark of a penetrating oil manufactured by the WD-40 Company based in San Diego, California. Its formula was invented for the Rocket Chemical Company in 1953, before it was renamed to the WD-40 Company. It became available as a commercialized product in 1961. It acts as a lubricant, rust preventive, penetrant and moisture displacer. There are specialized products that perform better than WD-40 in many of these uses, but WD-40's flexibility has given it fame as a jack of all trades.

It is a successful product to this day, with steady growth in net income from $27 million in 2008 to $70.2 million in 2021. In 2014, it was inducted into the International Air & Space Hall of Fame at the San Diego Air & Space Museum.

Penetrating oil
Penetrating oil, also known as penetrating fluid, is a low-viscosity oil. It can be used to free rusted mechanical parts (such as nuts and bolts) so that they can be removed, because it can penetrate into the narrow space between the threads of two parts.  It can also be used as a cleaner; however, it should not be used as a general-purpose lubricant or a corrosion stopper. Using penetrating fluids as general-purpose lubricants is not advisable, because such oils are relatively volatile. As a result, much of the penetrating oil will evaporate in a short amount of time, leaving little residual lubricant.

Other uses include removing chewing gum and adhesive stickers, and lessening friction on metal-stringed musical instruments.
Evrytania (constituency)
Evrytania is a constituency in Central Greece represented in the Hellenic Parliament. This constituency corresponds to Evrytania prefecture. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the Reinforced proportional representation system of election.

Central Greece (geographic region)
Continental Greece (Greek: Στερεά Ελλάδα, romanized: Stereá Elláda; formerly Χέρσος Ἑλλάς, Chérsos Ellás), colloquially known as Roumeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central Greece, but the equivalent Greek term (Κεντρική Ελλάδα, Kentrikí Elláda) is more rarely used.

It includes the southern part of the Greek mainland (sans the Peloponnese), as well as the offshore island of Euboea. Since 1987, its territory has been divided among the administrative regions of Central Greece and Attica, and the regional unit (former prefecture) of Aetolia-Acarnania in the administrative region of Western Greece.
Patch panel
A patch panel is a device or unit featuring a number of jacks, usually of the same or similar type, for the use of connecting and routing circuits for monitoring, interconnecting, and testing circuits in a convenient, flexible manner. Patch panels are commonly used in computer networking, recording studios, and radio and television.

The term patch came from early use in telephony and radio studios, where extra equipment kept on standby could be temporarily substituted for failed devices. This reconnection was done via patch cords and patch panels, like the jack fields of cord-type telephone switchboards.

Telecommunication circuit
A telecommunication circuit is a path in a telecommunications network used to transmit information. Circuits have evolved from generally being built on physical connections between individual hardware cables, as in an analog phone switch, to virtual circuits established over packet switching networks.
Rennsteig
The Rennsteig (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛnʃtaɪk]) is a ridge walk as well as a historical boundary path in the Thuringian Forest, Thuringian Highland and Franconian Forest in Central Germany. The long-distance trail runs for about 170 km (110 miles) from Eisenach and the Werra valley in the northwest to Blankenstein and the Selbitz river in the southeast.

The Rennsteig is also the watershed between the river systems of the Weser, Elbe and Rhine. The catchment areas of all three river systems meet at the Dreistromstein ("Three Rivers Rock") near Siegmundsburg.

Blankenstein
Blankenstein (German pronunciation: [ˈblaŋkn̩ʃtaɪn]) is a village and a former municipality in the district Saale-Orla-Kreis, in Thuringia, Germany. On 1 January 2019 it became part of the new municipality Rosenthal am Rennsteig. Prior to 2019, Blankenstein had been the seat of the Saale-Rennsteig Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association), which was disbanded in the reorganisation.
MAMA Award for Best Ballad/R&B Performance
The Mnet Asian Music Award for Best Ballad/R&B Performance was an award presented annually by CJ E&M Pictures (Mnet) from 1999 to 2009.

It was first awarded at the 1st Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony held in 1999; Jo Sungmo won the award for his ballad performance in "For Your Soul", and it is given in honor for the artist/s with the best ballad performance in the music industry. The next year, the category branched out into two separate categories — Best Ballad Performance and Best R&B Performance. Later in the 10th Mnet Asian Music Awards in 2008, the two categories were joined together once again, and continued to be given until the 11th Mnet Asian Music Awards in 2009 wherein Kim Tae-woo received the last award for his performance in "Love Rain".

CJ ENM Films & Television
CJ ENM Films & Television, formerly CJ Entertainment, (Korean: CJ 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment, film production and distribution company, founded in 1995 under the CJ ENM Entertainment Division. The company operates as a film production company, film publishing house, investment and exhibition.
Charles Nepean
The Rev. Charles Edward Burroughs Nepean (5 February 1851 – 26 March 1903) was an English amateur cricketer and footballer who later became a vicar in the Church of England. As a cricketer he played ten first-class matches for Oxford University and Middlesex between 1870 and 1874, whilst in football he was in goal for Oxford University, the winning side in the 1874 FA Cup Final.

The Reverend
The Reverend (abbreviated as The Revd, The Rev'd or The Rev) is an honorific style given to certain (primarily Western) Christian clergy and ministers. There are sometimes differences in the way the style is used in different countries and church traditions. The Reverend is correctly called a style, but is sometimes referred to as a title, form of address, or title of respect.
Jaakko Pakkasvirta
Jaakko Juhani Pakkasvirta (28 November 1934 – 23 March 2018) was a Finnish film director and  screenwriter. He directed more than 30 films between 1958 and 2000. His 1975 film Home for Christmas was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1978 film Poet and Muse was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

9th Moscow International Film Festival
The 9th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 10 to 23 July 1975. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Polish film The Promised Land directed by Andrzej Wajda, the Soviet-Japanese film Dersu Uzala directed by Akira Kurosawa and the Italian film We All Loved Each Other So Much directed by Ettore Scola.
2,2-dialkylglycine decarboxylase (pyruvate)
The enzyme 2,2-dialkylglycine decarboxylase (pyruvate) (EC 4.1.1.64) catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,2-dialkylglycine + pyruvate  dialkyl ketone + CO2 + L-alanine

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,2-dialkylglycine carboxy-lyase (amino-transferring L-alanine-forming). Other names in common use include dialkyl amino acid (pyruvate) decarboxylase, alpha-dialkyl amino acid transaminase, 2,2-dialkyl-2-amino acid-pyruvate aminotransferase, L-alanine-alpha-ketobutyrate aminotransferase, dialkylamino-acid decarboxylase (pyruvate), and 2,2-dialkylglycine carboxy-lyase (amino-transferring). It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Michael Medline
Michael Bennett Medline (born 4 July 1963) is a Canadian businessman. From 2017 until 2025, he was the president and CEO of Empire Company Limited, a Canadian company whose core businesses includes food retailing, conducted through wholly owned Sobeys Inc., and related real estate. He was succeeded as CEO by Pierre St-Laurent.

Medline is also a former president and chief executive officer of Canadian Tire Corporation.

Medline has announced his plan to retire in May 2026.

Empire Company
Empire Company Limited is a Canadian conglomerate engaged mostly in food retail and corporate investments. Founded in 1963, the company is headquartered in Stellarton, Nova Scotia and owns the Sobeys supermarket chain. In total, the company owns, affiliates or franchises more than 1,500 stores; in addition to Sobeys, brands include Safeway, IGA, Foodland, Farm Boy, FreshCo, Thrifty Foods and Lawtons Drug.

Pierre St-Laurent is the president and CEO of Empire Company, appointed in November 2025.
Campanula waldsteiniana
Campanula waldsteiniana, the Waldstein bellflower, is a flowering plant species in the family Campanulaceae. It is a perennial or subshrub and grows primarily in the temperate area, within its native range in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2006, the species was recorded in Mount Snežnik, Slovenia, which represents the northwesternmost locality in its current distribution area.

Snežnik (plateau)
Snežnik (pronounced [snɛˈʒniːk]; Slovene: Snežnik, Croatian: Snježnik, Latin: Mons Albus, Italian: Monte Nevoso, German: Krainer Schneeberg) is a wide karst limestone plateau with an area of about 85 km2 (33 sq mi) in the Dinaric Alps. It can also be viewed as a southern extension of the Julian Alps. The main part of the plateau is in Slovenia, while the southern part extends into Croatia and connects to the mountain region of Gorski Kotar.