hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vanda roeblingiana
Vanda roeblingiana, Roebelen's vanda, is a species of orchid endemic to the mountain provinces of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Hugh Low, a British colonial administrator and naturalist introduced the plant to London in 1893. The next year, Robert Allen Rolfe, an English botanist formally described the plant and thought it was originally collected from the vicinity of Singapore or Peninsular Malaysia. Low, who works in Clapton Nursery had collecting expedition to Southeast Asia with Singapore as headquarter.

Clapton Nursery
The Clapton Nursery also known as Mackay's Clapton Nursery and later Low's Clapton Nursery was a plant nursery established in the early 19th century by John Bain Mackay in Upper Clapton, London, and noted for its introductions of Australian and South American plants into cultivation.

The nursery propagated plant material sent by William Baxter from Australia  and James Anderson from South America. A garden library was established at the nursery in 1827. In 1831 the foreman and propagator, Hugh Low, took over the nursery. Low was a Scots horticulturalist who commenced work at the nursery after arriving in London in about 1823. His son, Hugh, also became involved with the nursery.

The nursery corresponded with Sir William Hooker and supplied the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew with seed and cuttings.
Jogan Shankar
Jogan Shankar is a professor of sociology in Mangalore University. He specializes in research on Deprived groups, Industrial Sociology, Indian Society and Research Methodology.

He was appointed as the Vice-Chancellor of Kuvempu University, Shimoga, for the period 2015 to 2019.

He has also been nominated as Senate Member of Karnataka University by Governor of Karnataka.

He was awarded the Karnataka state award and a national award in 1992 and 1993, respectively, for his significant contribution towards the welfare of marginalized women and children.

Kuvempu University
Kuvempu University is a public state university in Shankaraghattta, Bhadravathi taluk, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India. It was established in 1987 by the act of the Karnataka state legislature through amendment No. 28/1976 dated 29 January 1989 under the Karnataka State University Act 1976. The university offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs in wide range of disciplines. It was recognized by the UGC in 1994 and is a member of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU).

The university has its headquarters at Jnana Sahyadri Campus, Shivamogga. Its campus is called Jnana Sahyadri, which means 'The Western Ghat section of knowledge'. It has university jurisdiction over malnad districts of Shivamogga and Chikmagaluru, through which the Sahyadri mountain ranges pass. The campus sprawls across an area of 230 acres. The campus has an admixture of wild and domestic animals.
Viraj Perera
Modara Mehellage Don Pasanna Viraj Perera (born June 9, 1978, in Galle) is a Sri Lankan first class cricketer. An all-rounder, he has made 2 first class hundreds and has taken over 100 wickets with his right-arm offbreak bowling.

All-rounder
An all-rounder is a cricketer who regularly performs well at both batting and bowling. Although all bowlers must bat and quite a handful of batsmen do bowl occasionally, most players are skilled in only one of the two disciplines and are considered specialists. Some wicket-keepers have the skills of a specialist batter and have been referred to as all-rounders, but the term wicket-keeper-batter is more commonly applied to them, even if they are substitute wicket keepers who also bowl.
Sphaeromeria simplex
Sphaeromeria simplex is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Laramie chickensage and Laramie false sagebrush. It is endemic to Wyoming in the United States.

This small perennial herb forms clumps a few centimeters tall. The leaves are divided into many lobes. The flower heads contain many yellow disc florets and no ray florets. Flowering occurs in May through August.

This plant grows on exposed limestone substrates among other cushionlike plants and some larger plants such as sagebrush. There are 11 occurrences of the plant, most of which have been discovered since 1997.

Artemisia tridentata
Artemisia tridentata, commonly called big sagebrush, Great Basin sagebrush or simply sagebrush (one of several related species of this name), is an aromatic shrub from the family Asteraceae.

It grows in arid and semi-arid conditions, throughout a range of cold desert, steppe, and mountain habitats in the Intermountain West of North America. Big sagebrush and other Artemisia shrubs are the dominant plant species across large portions of the Great Basin.

Sagebrush provides food and habitat for a variety of species, such as sage grouse, pronghorn antelope, grey vireo, pygmy rabbit, and mule deer. Several major threats exist to sagebrush ecosystems, including human settlements, conversion to agricultural land, invasive plant species, and wildfires.

Native Americans have used the plant medicinally. It is also useful as firewood.
Clock golf
Clock golf is a game based on golf, originating in the mid-19th century. Players putt a golf ball from each in turn of 12 numbered points arranged in a circle as in a clock face, to a single hole placed within the circle. Alternative names include clock-golf, round the clock golf, and golf around the clock.

Jaques of London's description suggests that clock golf can be played wherever there is space for "an approximate circle of 10–30ft in diameter", and that shrubs and other obstacles can add to the interest. The hole is not placed centrally, so the 12 "holes" of the game can be of different lengths. A writer in Landscape Architecture Magazine, 1926, suggests it needs a 20-24ft circle, and lists it among "the lawn sports now commonly played."

SHAPE America offered a set of instructions for "Golf Around the Clock" as a "lead-up game" that was useful as a preliminary for golf learners.

Golf ball
A golf ball is a ball designed to be used in golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 g), has a diameter not less than 1.680 inches (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by The R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in competitions (Rule 5–1).
History of the Democratic Alliance (South Africa)
Although the Democratic Alliance of South Africa in its present form is fairly new, its roots can be traced far back in South African political history, through a complex sequence of splits and mergers.

New Republic Party (South Africa)
The New Republic Party (NRP) was a South African political party. It was formed as the successor to the disbanded United Party (UP) in 1977 and as a merger with the smaller Democratic Party. It drew its support mainly from the then Province of Natal, and tried to strike a moderate course between the apartheid policy of the ruling National Party (NP) and the liberal policies of the Progressive Federal Party (PFP).
Hinokage, Miyazaki
Hinokage (日之影町, Hinokage-chō) is a town located in Nishiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the town has an estimated population of 3260 in 1400 households, and a  population density of 12 persons per km2.  The total area of the town is 277.67 square kilometres (107.21 sq mi). Located next to the historically significant town of Takachiho, Hinokage is known primarily for its three large bridges, traditional Kagura dances, and the work of Kazuo Hiroshima, a traditional weaver of bamboo baskets.

Kagura
Kagura (神楽(かぐら), "god-entertainment") is a type of Shinto ritual ceremonial dance. The term is a contraction of the phrase kami no kura ("seat of god"), indicating the presence of gods (kami) in the practice.

One major function of kagura is chinkon (purifying and shaking the spirit), involving a procession-trance process. Usually a female shaman will perform the dance and obtain the oracle from the god—in the setting, the dancer herself turns into the god during the performance. Once strictly a ceremonial art derived from kamigakari (神懸, "oracular divinification"), kagura has evolved in many directions over the span of more than a millennium. Today, it is very much a living tradition, with rituals tied to the rhythms of the agricultural calendar, thriving primarily in parts of Shimane Prefecture, and urban centers such as Hiroshima.
Eric Akogyiram
Eric Akogyiram (born 25 June 1969) is a retired Ghanaian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.

Akogyiram competed for the BYU Cougars track and field team before transferring to the George Mason Patriots track and field program. He was an All-American for BYU, finishing 6th in the 100 m at the 1990 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

He won the silver medal at the 1987 All-Africa Games. The same year he competed at the 1987 World Championships, reaching the semi-final with the relay team. He also competed at the 1992 Olympic Games.

His personal best time was 10.23 seconds, achieved in April 1990 in Provo.

Athletics at the 1987 All-Africa Games
The fourth All-Africa Games were held in August 1987 in Nairobi, Kenya.

Four new events were added to the games these were the women's 3000 metres, 10000 metres, 400 metres hurdles and 5000 metres track walk.  Additionally the pentathlon for women was replaced with the heptathlon.  Also four nations won medals for the first time in athletics at the All-Africa Games. These were Mauritius, Rwanda, Burundi and Madagascar
Denis Fogarty
Denis Fogarty (born 16 July 1983) is a former Irish rugby union player who played at hooker for Munster, Aurillac, Agen and Provence. He has also represented Ireland at schoolboy, U21 and 'A' level. He was educated at Rockwell College. In May 2016, Fogarty was forced to retire from rugby after suffering a recurrence of a shoulder injury.

Munster Rugby
Munster Rugby (Irish: Rugbaí Mumhan) is one of the professional provincial rugby teams from the island of Ireland. They compete in the United Rugby Championship and the European Rugby Champions Cup. The team represents the IRFU's Munster Branch, which is responsible for rugby union throughout the Irish province of Munster. The team motto is "To the brave and faithful, nothing is impossible." This is derived from the motto of the MacCarthy clan – "Forti et Fideli nihil difficile". Their main home ground is Thomond Park, Limerick, though some games are played at Musgrave Park, Cork.
William Patterson Bane
William Patterson Bane (August 14, 1843 – March 16, 1912) was an American soldier noted for his height. He was considered the tallest soldier to have fought in the American Civil War, but was shorter than Martin Van Buren Bates.

Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah. The largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, it operates a network of genealogical, historical records, and related genetic genealogy websites. It is owned by Blackstone Inc., which acquired the company on December 4, 2020, in a deal valued at $4.7 billion.

As of 2022, the company said it had provided access to 30 billion historical records, tripling its November 2018 figure of 10 billion records. In 2018 it also reported having 3 million paying subscribers, and to have sold 18 million DNA kits to customers. By 2023, Ancestry was the largest provider of consumer DNA testing in the world with a network of more than 25 million users, and Ancestry DNA testing is available in 128 countries.

As well as its main website, Ancestry operates country-specific versions for Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
The Enchanted Garden (painting)
The Enchanted Garden is a painting on paper of 1889 in pencil, watercolour and heightened with bodycolour mixed with gum arabic by the English painter Marie Spartali Stillman. It is now in a private collection.

Gouache
Gouache (/ɡuˈɑːʃ, ɡwɑːʃ/; French: [ɡwaʃ]), body color, or opaque watercolor is a water-medium paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache has a long history, having been used for at least twelve centuries. It is used most consistently by commercial artists for posters, illustrations, comics, and other design work.

Gouache is similar to watercolor in that it can be rewetted and dried to a matte finish, and the paint can become infused into its paper support. It is similar to acrylic or oil paints in that it is normally used in an opaque painting style and it can form a superficial layer. Many manufacturers of watercolor paints also produce gouache, and the two can easily be used together.
Johan H:son Kjellgren
Hans Erik Johan Hansson Kjellgren (born 6 January 1959) is a Swedish actor. Kjellgren grew up in Östermalm, Stockholm. He studied acting at Scenskolan in Gothenburg between 1981 and 1984 and first got work at the Folkteater in Gothenburg and then the Stockholm City Theatre.

He made his film debut in the Oscar Björk film Hip hip hurra! (1987), he then played in the SVT series Rederiet, and he won a Guldbaggen award in 1999 for Best Actor, for his role in the film Veranda för en tenor.

He has been married to Lotta Ramel, and together they have the son Jim Ramel Kjellgren.

Guldbagge Awards
The Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: Guldbaggen, lit. 'the golden scarab') is an official film awards ceremony in Sweden. Presented annually by Swedish Film Institute, the awards honors excellence in cinematic achievements in the Swedish film industry. It is described as the most prestigious in Sweden and the Swedish equivalent of the Academy Awards. Winners are awarded a statuette depicting a rose chafer, hence the name.

The first awards was presented in 1964 at Grand Hôtel in Stockholm. The awards was first televised in 1981 on SVT2, and has since then been broadcast, almost every year, on national channels SVT1, SVT2, or TV4.
Vimcontu Broadcasting Corporation
Vimcontu Broadcasting Corporation is a Philippine radio network of the Visayas-Mindanao Confederation of Trade Unions, a trade union organization under the Associated Labor Unions (ALU) through the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines. Its corporate office is located at the 2nd Floor, JSU-PSU Mariners' Court-Cebu, ALU-VIMCONTU Welfare Center, Pier 1, Cebu City.

Trade Union Congress of the Philippines
The Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP) is the largest national trade union center in the Philippines. Founded in 1975 by labor leader Democrito Mendoza, TUCP is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation.

Raymond Democrito Cañete Mendoza, the President of TUCP, has served as party-list representative for Trade Union Congress Party (the TUCP's political wing) since 2007 and as a Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives since 2022.
Chris Searle
Chris Searle (born 1 January 1944) is a British educator, poet, anti-racist activist, and socialist. He has written widely on cricket, language, jazz, race, and social justice, and has taught in Canada, England, Tobago, Mozambique, and Grenada. He has been associated with the Institute of Race Relations since the 1970s, and is on the editorial board of Race & Class. He writes a weekly column on jazz for the left-wing newspaper Morning Star.

Maurice Bishop
Maurice Rupert Bishop (29 May 1944 – 19 October 1983) was a Grenadian revolutionary, politician and the leader of the New JEWEL Movement (NJM), a party that sought to prioritise socio-economic development, education and true black liberation. The NJM came to power on 13 March 1979 and ushered in the Grenada revolution and installed the People's Revolutionary Government which removed Prime Minister Eric Gairy from office. Bishop headed the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada (PRG) from 1979 to 1983. In October 1983, he was deposed as Prime Minister and executed during a coup engineered internally by Deputy Prime Minister Bernard Coard. This quickly led to the demise of the PRG.
Bill I. Foster
Bill I. Foster (born December 23, 1946 - January 10, 2025) is an American politician who served in the Missouri Senate. He served in the National Guard.  Foster served as mayor of Poplar Bluff from 1979 until 1980.  He previously served in the Missouri House of Representatives between 1993 and 2001.

Missouri Senate
The Missouri Senate is the upper chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the lower chamber being the Missouri House of Representatives. It has 34 members, representing districts with an average population of 181,000. Its members serve four-year terms, with half the seats being up for election every two years. The Senate chooses a President Pro Tempore to serve in the absence of the lieutenant governor or when he shall have to exercise the office of governor of Missouri if there is a vacancy in that office due to death, resignation, impeachment, or incapacitation.

Members of the Missouri General Assembly are prohibited from serving more than eight years in either the state house of representatives or state senate, or a total of sixteen years, due to statutory term limits.
Nofollow
nofollow is a setting on a web page hyperlink that directs search engines not to use the link for page ranking calculations. It is specified in the page as a type of link relation; that is: <a rel="nofollow" ...>. Because search engines often calculate a site's importance according to the number of hyperlinks from other sites, the nofollow setting allows website authors to indicate that the presence of a link is not an endorsement of the target site's importance.

Matt Cutts
Matthew Cutts (born 1972 or 1973) is an American software engineer. Cutts is the former Administrator of the United States Digital Service. He was first appointed as acting administrator, to later be confirmed as full administrator in October 2018. Cutts previously worked with Google as part of the search quality team on search engine optimization issues. He is the former head of the web spam team at Google.
Maag
Maag is a surname. Notable persons with that name include:

Bruno Maag (born 1962), Swiss type designer

Dan Maag (born 1975), German film producer

Karin Maag (born 1962), German politician

Natalie Maag (born 1997), Swiss luger

Peter Maag (1919–2001), Swiss conductor

Ron Maag (born 1945), American politician

Bruno Maag
Bruno Maag (born 1962) is a Swiss type designer and founder of type design company Dalton Maag.

Maag began his career with an apprenticeship as a typesetter for the Tages Anzeiger, Switzerland's largest daily paper. This led him to study Visual Communication at Basel School of Design. During a work experience placement at Stempel, he met Rene Kerfante, who later moved to Monotype and then invited him to join him there. He worked for Monotype both in the UK and in the USA, where he designed fonts for The New Yorker.

He established Dalton Maag in London in 1991.

He is renowned in the typographic community for his strong dislike of the typeface Helvetica.
Janet Mary Lord
Janet Mary Lord CBE FMedSci is a British biologist who is a Professor of Immune Cell Biology at the University of Birmingham. Her research considers immunity in old age, with a focus on the decline of neutrophil function. She was made a Commander of the British Empire in the 2023 New Year Honours List.

Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)
The Academy of Medical Sciences is an organisation established in the UK in 1998. It is one of the four UK National Academies, the others being the British Academy, the Royal Academy of Engineering and the Royal Society.

Its mission is to advance biomedical and health research and its translation into benefits for society. The Academy consists of a group of around 1,400 Fellows elected from fields across the biomedical sciences. The Academy seeks ultimately to advance medical science and improve health by investing in talented researchers, engaging people on health-related issues and providing expert impartial advice. As of April 2024 its president is Professor Andrew Morris CBE FRSE PMedSci, and Vice President is Shakila Thangaratinam.
WGY-FM
WGY-FM (103.1 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Albany, New York, United States, serving the Capital District of New York. It simulcasts a talk radio format with WGY (810 AM); the stations are owned by iHeartMedia with studios on Troy-Schenectady Road in Latham.

WGY-FM's antenna is located off Lape Road in North Greenbush, New York, near U.S. Route 4.

Latham, New York
Latham is a hamlet and census-designated place in Albany County, New York, United States. It is located along U.S. Route 9 in the town of Colonie, a dense suburb north of Albany. In addition, Interstate 87 and NY Route 7 also run through the town itself. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,680. Latham was a census-designated place in the 1970, 1980, and 1990 US Censuses, but ceased to be in the 2000 Census, then became a CDP again in 2020.
Gandhi Nagar, Chennai
Gandhi Nagar is a neighbourhood in Adyar, in the south eastern part of the Indian city of Chennai. It is among the most upscale neighborhoods in Chennai. Property prices in Gandhi Nagar have been increasing significantly. It is bordered by the Adyar River, Kasturba Nagar, Kotturpuram, Indira Nagar and the Buckingham canal. Today Gandhi Nagar is a commercial hot spot having relatively good transport and other facilities.

Buckingham Canal
The Buckingham Canal is a 796 kilometres (494.6 mi)-long fresh water navigation canal, that parallels the Coromandel Coast of South India from Kakinada of Andhra Pradesh to Pichavaram near Chidambaram of Tamil Nadu. The canal connects most of the natural backwaters along the coast to Chennai (Madras) port.

The canal was constructed during British rule, and was an important waterway during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Competition from rail and later road transport diminished its importance, and during the 20th century portions became unusable and badly polluted. More recently there is increased interest in the canal's potential to protect coastal communities from flooding by tsunamis and cyclones as well as provide a navigable waterway, and projects have been undertaken to restore and improve the canal.

In the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party's 2021 election manifesto, the party promised that the canal will be rehabilitated.
Fremantle Australia
Fremantle Australia Pty Ltd. (formerly FremantleMedia Australia) is the Australian arm of global British production and entertainment company Fremantle. It was formed in 2006 by the merger of market leader Grundy Television and comedy specialists Crackerjack Productions, which had both been acquired previously by Fremantle.

The Farmer Wants a Wife (Australian TV series)
The Farmer Wants a Wife is an Australian reality television series based on the British reality show Farmer Wants a Wife. The first eight seasons, hosted by Natalie Gruzlewski, aired on the Nine Network between 2007 and 2012, with a ninth season, hosted by Sam McClymont broadcast in 2016. A tenth season aired on the Seven Network when the series was revived for the second time in 2020.
La Velada del Año 2
The second edition of the event took place on June 25, 2022, at the Palau Municipal d'Esports de Badalona, Badalona, Spain, with a capacity of 12,760 spectators. It became the Twitch stream with the highest number of simultaneous viewers during its broadcast (356,074). Its sponsors were the following brands: ElPozo, Everlast, Grefusa, Disney+, Spotify, Telepizza, Samsung, and Pepsi Max.

ElPozo
ElPozo Alimentación S.A. is a Spanish company in the food industry, located in the Región de Murcia, with its registered office in Alhama de Murcia (España); it is part of the business group Grupo Fuertes.