hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FMA IA 54 Carancho
The FMA IA 54 Carancho, also known as the Andean Condor, was a prototype 2-seater glider designed in 1963 by Ricardo Emilio Olmedo and manufactured by Argentinian company Instituto Aerotécnico. The purpose of the glider was to test Dr. Reimar Horten's previous work exploring laminar-flow airfoils, and only one prototype was ever built. The IA 54 was also made entirely out of wood.

Horten brothers
Walter Horten (born 13 November 1913 in Bonn; died 9 December 1998 in Baden-Baden, Germany) and Reimar Horten (born 12 March 1915 in Bonn; died 14 March 1994 in Villa General Belgrano, Argentina), sometimes credited as the Horten Brothers, were German aircraft pilots. Walter was a fighter pilot on the Western Front, flying a Bf 109 for Jagdgeschwader 26 in the first six months of World War II; he eventually became the unit's technical officer. Reimar was also trained as a Messerschmitt Bf 109 pilot; however, later in August 1940, he was transferred to the glider pilot school in Braunschweig. He earned his PhD in mathematics from the University of Göttingen, having resumed his studies in 1946 with help from Ludwig Prandtl. The Hortens designed the world's first jet-powered flying wing, the Horten Ho 229.
Autologous conditioned serum
Autologous conditioned serum, also known as Orthokine and Regenokine, is an experimental procedure in which a person's own blood is extracted, manipulated, and then reintroduced with claimed benefit in osteoarthritis. There is limited evidence on safety and effectiveness as of 2017. It is not included in medical guidelines as of 2017. It is a type of autologous blood therapy.

Medical guideline
A medical guideline (also called a clinical guideline, standard treatment guideline, or clinical practice guideline) is a document with the aim of guiding decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment in specific areas of healthcare. Such documents have been in use for thousands of years during the entire history of medicine. However, in contrast to previous approaches, which were often based on tradition or authority, modern medical guidelines are based on an examination of current evidence within the paradigm of evidence-based medicine. They usually include summarized consensus statements on best practice in healthcare. A healthcare provider is obliged to know the medical guidelines of their profession, and has to decide whether to follow the recommendations of a guideline for an individual treatment.
Købmagergade 13
Købmagergade 13 is an 18th-century townhouse situated on the shopping street Købmagergade, between Amagertorv and Valkendorfsgade, in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1974. The complex consists of a four-storey building towards the street, two consecutive, half-timbered side wings along one side of a courtyard, a cross wing, separating the first and second courtyard from each other,, another half-timbered side wing along one side of the second courtyard, and two rear wings. Notable former residents include the businessmen Peter Pierre Tutein, Friederich Tutein and Peter van Gemmert, book printer Andreas Seidelin, educator Jens Ernst Wegener and architect Gottlieb Bindesbøll.

Badstuestræde
Badstuestræde is a street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark, linking the pedestrian street Strøget in the north with Kompagnistræde in the south. Brolæggerstræde end in the street. Most of the buildings in the street date from the years after the Copenhagen Fire of 1795.
Dudley Eustace
Dudley Graham Eustace (3 July 1936 – 11 July 2024) was a British businessman specialized in financial restructuring who held many executive functions in Dutch companies.

He was vice-president and CFO of Philips where he was second-in-command to CEO Cor Boonstra. He resigned in 1999. In November 1999, he was appointed chairman of the board of Smith & Nephew. He was named interim chief financial officer of Ahold in 2003 to restructure finances after the company's $880m fraud scandal.

Eustace joined the supervisory board of Aegon in 1997, eventually becoming Chairman of the board until his 2010 resignation. He sat at the board of VNU, now called The Nielsen Company, from 2006 to 2009. He was also Vice-Chairman of the Supervisory Board of KPN, Vice-Chairman of Hagemeyer and was a member of the Supervisory Board of Stork N.V.

Eustace died on 11 July 2024, at the age of 88.

Ahold
Koninklijke Ahold N.V. was a Dutch multinational retail company based in Zaandam, Netherlands.  Founded in 1887 by Albert Heijn Sr., the company initially began as a single grocery store in Oostzaan and became the largest grocery chain in the Netherlands in the 1970s. The company went public in 1948. It merged with Belgium-based Delhaize Group in 2016 to form Ahold Delhaize.
Allen, Michigan
Allen is a village in Hillsdale County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 201 at the 2020 census.

The village is within Allen Township at the junction of U.S. Route 12 and M-49.  With a total land area of only 0.174 square miles (0.451 km2), Allen is the fourth smallest village by land area in the state of Michigan and the fifth smallest municipality overall after Ahmeek, Copper City, Novi Township, and Eagle.

Novi Township, Michigan
Novi Township is a civil township of Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  At the 2020 census, the township had a population of 160. Of the original 36-square-mile (93 km2) survey township, only a small portion of 0.11 square miles (0.28 km2) remains unincorporated from the surrounding city of Novi.  Novi Township is the smallest township in the state by total land area and the third-smallest municipality after the villages of Ahmeek and Copper City.

The township consists solely of the Brookland Farms #1 subdivision and is served by the Northville 48167 ZIP Code.  Students within Novi Township attend Northville Public Schools.
Suparman
Suparman (6 March 1913 – 14 October 1948) was the first minister of justice of the State of Pasundan.

Suparman was born in 1913 at Sagalaherang, Purwakarta. In 1937, he graduated from the Rechtshoogeschool te Batavia (now the Faculty of Law of the University of Indonesia) and earned the Master of Laws degree (meester in de rechten). After he graduated, he became an advocate and procurator in Cirebon until his appointment as the Minister of Justice.

During the Japanese occupation, Suparman took office as a notary and as a social affairs officer. After the independence of Indonesia, he became the Head of Office for Social Affairs in Cirebon. After the first Dutch military aggression, he became a social affairs officer again. He was appointed as the Minister of Justice by Prime Minister Adil Puradiredja on 8 May 1948.

He died in a car crash during his working trip to Cirebon on 14 October 1948. His position was replaced by Tan Hwat Tiang four days later.

Purwakarta
Purwakarta (Old Spelling: Poerwakarta) is a town and an administrative district (kecamatan) in West Java, Indonesia which serves as the regency seat of the Purwakarta Regency (not to be confused with the district of the same name in Cilegon city). It covers a land area of 24.39 km2, and had a population of 165,447 at the 2010 Census, rising to 179,233 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 183,813 - comprising 92,178 males and 91,635 females.

The district centre is at Nagri Kaler, and the district is sub-divided into nine urban communities (kelurahan) and one rural village (desa) - the last being Citalang village - all listed below with their areas and populations as at mid 2023,  together with their postcodes.
Numbrs Personal Finance
Numbrs Personal Finance AG (formerly known as Centralway Numbrs) is a financial technology company based in Switzerland. The company offers offline storage solution for bitcoins but used to provide an app called Numbrs that aggregates bank accounts and credit card information and facilitates mobile banking and personal financial planning used in Germany and the UK.

Account aggregation
Account aggregation sometimes also known as financial data aggregation is a method that involves compiling information from different accounts, which may include bank accounts, credit card, payroll accounts, investment accounts, and other consumer or business accounts, into a single place. This may be provided through connecting via an API to the financial institution or provided through "screen scraping" where a user provides the requisite account-access information for an automated system to gather and compile the information into a single page.  The security of the account access details as well as the financial information is key to users having confidence in the service.

The database either resides in a web-based application or in client-side software. While such services are primarily designed to aggregate financial information, they sometimes also display other things such as the contents of e-mail boxes and news headlines.
Gluckman
Gluckman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Max Gluckman (1911–1975), South African and British social anthropologist

Mary Gluckman (1917–1990), Italian linguist and anthropologist

Peter Gluckman (born 1949), New Zealand Chief Science Advisor to the Prime Minister

Peter Gluckman
Sir Peter David Gluckman (born 8 February 1949) is a New Zealand scientist. Originally trained as a paediatrician, he served as the inaugural Chief Science Advisor to the New Zealand Prime Minister from 2009 to 2018. He is a founding member and was inaugural chair of the International Network for Government Science Advice, and is president of the International Science Council.
Corypheae
Corypheae is a tribe of palm trees in the subfamily Coryphoideae. In previous classifications, tribe Corypheae included four subtribes: Coryphinae, Livistoninae, Thrinacinae and Sabalinae, but recent phylogenetic studies have led to the genera within these subtribes being transferred into other tribes (Chuniophoeniceae, Trachycarpeae, Cryosophileae and Sabaleae). Tribe Corypheae is now restricted to the genus Corypha alone.

Subtribe
In a social context, a subtribe is a secondary division of a broader ethnic grouping or tribe, functioning as a distinct unit defined by specific kinship ties, geographic territory, or linguistic dialects. For example, the Kipsigis are a major sub-tribe that falls under the broader Kalenjin ethnic group of East Africa.

This term also serves as a formal taxonomic rank in biological science, where it is positioned directly below a tribe (biology) and above a genus. Following this hierarchy, the Hyptidinae is a botanical subtribe categorized under the tribe Ocimeae within the mint family. In both fields, the "tribe" acts as the parent category, while the "subtribe" identifies a specific branch within that larger lineage, with scientific names typically ending in -ina for animals (e.g., Hominina) and -inae for plants.
Volapük Wikipedia
The Volapük Wikipedia (Volapük: Vükiped Volapükik) is the Volapük-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was created in February 2003, but launched in January 2004. As of 25 February 2026, it is the 107th-largest Wikipedia as measured by the number of articles, with 48,487 articles, and the third-largest Wikipedia in a constructed language, after the Esperanto Wikipedia and the Ido Wikipedia.

The edition is most notable for raising questions about the role of bots on Wikipedia, which initiated the development of policies and alternative measures of Wikipedias' quality. Its large number of bot-generated articles brought attention to the Volapük language, which often exemplifies the extent of Wikipedia's multilingualism across national, minority, dead, and constructed languages alike.

As of 2022, most of the bots' articles have been deleted.

Minority language
A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory. Such people are termed linguistic minorities or language minorities. With a total number of 196 sovereign states recognized internationally (as of 2019) and an estimated number of roughly 5,000 to 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, the vast majority of languages are minority languages in every country in which they are spoken. Some minority languages are simultaneously also official languages, such as Irish in Ireland or the numerous indigenous languages of Bolivia. Likewise, some national languages are often considered minority languages, insofar as they are the national language of a stateless nation.
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C8H6Cl2O3. It is usually referred to by its ISO common name 2,4-D. It is a systemic herbicide that kills most broadleaf weeds by causing uncontrolled growth, but most grasses such as cereals, lawn turf, and grassland are relatively unaffected.

2,4-D is one of the oldest and most widely available herbicides and defoliants in the world, having been commercially available since 1945, and is now produced by many chemical companies since the patent on it has long since expired. It can be found in numerous commercial lawn herbicide mixtures, and is widely used as a weedkiller on cereal crops, pastures, and orchards. Over 1,500 herbicide products contain 2,4-D as an active ingredient.

International Agency for Research on Cancer
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC; French: Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, CIRC) is an intergovernmental agency forming part of the World Health Organization of the United Nations.
Its role is to conduct and coordinate research into the causes of cancer. It also collects and publishes surveillance data regarding the occurrence of cancer worldwide.

Its IARC monographs programme identifies carcinogenic hazards and evaluates environmental causes of cancer in humans.

IARC has its own governing council, and in 1965 the first members were West Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Today, IARC's membership has grown to 29 countries.
Dargo, Vedensky District
42°57′53″N 46°14′31″E﻿ / ﻿42.96472°N 46.24194°E﻿ / 42.96472; 46.24194
Dargo (Russian: Дарго, Chechen: ДаьргIа, Därġa, rough translation: "blades")  is a rural locality (a selo) in Vedensky District, Chechnya.

Vedensky District
Vedensky District (Russian: Веде́нский райо́н; Chechen: Веданан кӏошт, Vedanan khoşt) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 956 square kilometers (369 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Vedeno. Population: 36,801 (2010 census); 23,390 (2002 Census); 33,207 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vedeno accounts for 8.7% of the district's total population.
Keith A. Smith
Keith A. Smith (born 1938 in Tipton, Indiana) is an American artist and author.  He has taught at the Visual Studies Workshop, the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and the University of Illinois.  He is a recipient of two Guggenheim Fellowships, a National Endowment of the Arts grant and a Pollock-Krasner Foundation grant. Smith creates books as works of art, as well as instructional texts on how to make books. Permanent collections which hold works by Smith include the National Gallery of Art, Museum of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Canada, and the Center for Creative Photography.

Tipton, Indiana
Tipton is a city in and the county seat of Tipton County, Indiana, United States. The population was estimated to be 5,275 as of July 1, 2021. Tipton is approximately 19 miles southeast of Kokomo, Indiana and approximately 42 miles north of Indianapolis, Indiana.
Marchioni
Marchioni is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ambrogio Marchioni (1911–1995), Italian archbishop and Vatican diplomat

Elisabetta Marchioni (or Marchionni; XVIII century), Venetian painter

Julián Marchioni (born 1993), Argentine footballer

Nicolò Marchioni (or Melchioni; 1662–1752), Italian violin maker based in Bologna

Paul Marchioni (born 1955), French footballer

Vinicio Marchioni (born 1975), Italian actor

Ambrogio Marchioni
Ambrogio Marchioni (31 August 1911 – 2 May 1995) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See. He was made an archbishop in 1961 and served as Apostolic Nuncio to several countries from 1959 to 1984, including Switzerland for seventeen years.
Ali Partovi
Ali Partovi (Persian: علی پرتووی; born 1972) is an Iranian-American entrepreneur and angel investor. He is best known as a co-founder of Code.org (which he founded with his twin brother Hadi), iLike, LinkExchange, an early advisor at Dropbox, and an early promoter of bid-based search advertising. Partovi currently serves on the board of directors at FoodCorps. He is currently the CEO of Neo, a mentorship community and venture fund he established in 2017. Neo was the first investor in Cursor.

Dropbox
Dropbox is a file hosting service operated by the American company Dropbox, Inc., headquartered in San Francisco, California, that offers cloud storage, file synchronization, personal cloud, and client software. Dropbox was founded in 2007 by MIT students Drew Houston and Arash Ferdowsi as a startup company, with initial funding from seed accelerator Y Combinator.

Dropbox has experienced criticism and generated controversy for issues including security breaches and privacy concerns.
BlackBook (social network)
BlackBook was an anonymous Darknet social network. It is known as "the Facebook of Tor."

It is not known how popular BlackBook was. The site was hacked and has not recovered. The site was hacked and disabled multiple times in 2018.

It had features similar to those of Facebook. It had chat, pictures, friend requests, status updates, and groups features. Even the landing page of Facebook was copied. It competed with Facebook Onion and Torbook.

Tor (network)
Tor is a free overlay network for enabling anonymous communication. It is built on free and open-source software run by over seven thousand volunteer-operated relays worldwide, as well as by millions of users who route their internet traffic via random paths through these relays. This technique is called onion routing.

Using Tor makes it more difficult to trace a user's internet activity by preventing any single point on the internet (other than the user's device) from being able to view both where traffic originated from and where it is ultimately going to at the same time. This conceals a user's location and usage from anyone performing network surveillance or traffic analysis from any such point, protecting the user's freedom and ability to communicate confidentially.
Louisiana Railroad Bridge
The Louisiana Railroad Bridge carries a single track rail line across the Mississippi River between Louisiana, Missouri and Pike County, Illinois, United States. Built by the Chicago and Alton Railroad, the structure is currently owned by the Canadian Pacific Kansas City following a series of sales and consolidation in the railroad industry.

Pike County, Illinois
Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located between the Mississippi River and the Illinois River in western Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 14,739. Its county seat is Pittsfield.
Earwire
An earwire is a bow of wire, looped to fasten an earring to a pierced ear. It is generally made of precious metal or hypoallergenic surgical steel. Earwires are available commercially, as jewelry findings, but some jewelers make their own. Earwires and similar forms can be made with simple wire wrap techniques. There are a variety of both commercial and homemade jigs to improve the uniformity and speed of creation. A simple homemade jig can be made with a block of wood and several nails, smooth metal pins or bolts.

Hypoallergenic
Hypoallergenic, meaning "below average" or "slightly" allergenic, is a term meaning that something (usually cosmetics, pets, textiles, food, etc.) causes fewer allergic reactions. The term was first used in 1953 in an advertising campaign for cosmetics or perhaps as early as 1940. A 2017 study of the top-selling skin moisturizers from Amazon, Target, and Walmart found 83% of those marketed as "hypoallergenic" contained at least one potentially allergenic chemical.

The term is also commonly applied to pet breeds which are claimed to produce fewer allergens than other breeds of the same species, due to some combination of their coat type, absence of fur, or absence of a gene that produces a certain protein. All breeds still produce allergens and a 2011 study failed to find a difference in allergen concentrations in homes with dogs of "hypoallergenic breeds" and other breeds.
Lee School
Lee School can refer to:

Lee School (Leesburg, Florida), USA

Lee School (Montour, New York), USA

Lee Elementary School (disambiguation)

Lee Middle School (disambiguation)

Lee High School (disambiguation)

Lee School (Leesburg, Florida)
The Lee School (also known as the Lee Adult Education Center) is an historic school in Leesburg, Florida, United States. It is located at 207 North Lee Street. It was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1995, and delisted in 2025. As of 2008, the Lee School is up for sale, posted by the Lake County School District.
Poovalur
Poovalur is a panchayat town in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Poovalur is just 3 km from its taluk headquarters Lalgudi. It lies on the Tiruchirappalli–Chidambaram national highway NH 227 . Generally the livelihood of this town's people is agriculture. Banana, paddy, and sugarcane are the notable crops grown in this area.

Tiruchirappalli district
Tiruchirappalli district is one of the 38 districts, located along the Kaveri River, in Tamil Nadu, India. The headquarters of the district is the city of Tiruchirappalli.

During the British Raj, the district was referred to as Trichinopoly, and was a district of the Madras Presidency; it was renamed upon India's declaration of independence in 1947. The district is spread over an area of 4,404 square kilometres (1,700 sq mi) and had a population of 2,722,290 in 2011.
Roy Clark Senior Challenge
The Roy Clark Senior Challenge was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour played only in 1984. It was played in Tulsa, Oklahoma at the Tulsa Country Club.

The purse for the tournament was US$200,000, with $30,000 going to the winner, Miller Barber.

Miller Barber
Miller Westford Barber Jr. (March 31, 1931 – June 11, 2013) was an American professional golfer. He enjoyed significant success on the PGA Tour in the 1960s and 1970s, and a greater degree of success on the Senior PGA Tour in the 1980s.