hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cichlidogyrus kmentovae
Cichlidogyrus kmentovae is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean in the family Ancyrocephalidae (or Dactylogyridae according to certain classifications). It is a parasite of the gills of the fish Hemichromis stellifer (Perciforme, Cichlidae) of the lower Basin of River Congo.

Fish diseases and parasites
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens.

Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis  in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi.

Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease.
Cheena Thaana 001
Cheena Thaana 001 is a 2007 Indian Tamil-language action comedy film directed by T. P. Gajendran. The film stars Prasanna and Sheela, while Vadivelu, Manivannan, Riyaz Khan, Delhi Ganesh, and Kazan Khan play supporting roles. It is a remake of the 2003 Malayalam film C.I.D. Moosa. The music was composed by Deva with cinematography by Raja Rajan and editing by N. Ganesh. The film released on 7 September 2007.

Manivannan
Manivannan  (31 July 1953 – 15 June 2013) was an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, voice artist, playback singer and social activist who worked in Tamil cinema. In a career spanning three decades, he went from being a story and dialogue writer for director Bharathiraja from 1980–82 to a successful director who thrived in experimenting with different genres, before becoming an actor. With over 400 films to his name, Manivannan was one of the most experienced actors in the field and directed exactly 50 films. Manivannan was mainly a supporting actor in films and often played the comedian, supporting character and villainous roles.

He supported various political parties, including the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, both active in the state of Tamil Nadu. He later became affiliated with the Naam Tamilar Katchi. He had also long been a supporter of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism.
Jason Arthur
Jason Arthur (born 18 November 1997) is a Ghanaian swimmer. In 2019, he represented Ghana at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in Gwangju, South Korea.

In 2018, he represented Ghana at the 2018 Commonwealth Games held in Gold Coast, Australia.

In 2019, he represented Ghana at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco. He competed in the men's 50 metre backstroke, men's 100 metre backstroke and men's 200 metre backstroke events. His best result came in the 100 metre event where he finished in 6th place in the final.

Ghana at the 2019 African Games
Ghana competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. Ghana competed in 14 sports. Ghana's participation was made possible by financial support from the Ghanaian government. In total, athletes representing Ghana won two gold medals, two silver medals and nine bronze medals and the country finished in 15th place in the medal table.
2025 Open Angers Arena Loire
The 2025 Open Angers Loire Trélazé was a professional women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 5th edition of the tournament and part of the 2025 WTA 125 tournaments, offering $115,000 in prize money. It took place in Angers, France from 1 to 7 December 2025.

Tamara Korpatsch
Tamara Korpatsch (born 12 May 1995) is a German tennis player.
She has a career-high singles WTA ranking of No. 71, achieved on 23 October 2023, and doubles ranking of No. 290, achieved on 21 October 2024. Korpatsch owns one singles title on the WTA Tour. She has also won one singles title on WTA Challenger Tour and eleven singles titles on the ITF Circuit.
De Havilland DH 108
The de Havilland DH 108 "Swallow" was a British experimental aircraft designed by John Carver Meadows Frost in October 1945. The DH 108 featured a tailless, swept wing with a single vertical stabilizer, similar to the layout of the wartime German Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet. Initially designed to evaluate swept wing handling characteristics at low and high subsonic speeds for the proposed early tailless design of the Comet airliner, three examples of the DH 108 were built to Air Ministry specifications E.18/45. With the adoption of a conventional tail for the Comet, the aircraft were used instead to investigate swept wing handling up to supersonic speeds. All three prototypes were lost in fatal crashes.

Air Ministry
The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force and civil aviation that existed from 1918 to 1964.  It was under the political authority of the Secretary of State for Air.
Computing Machine Laboratory
The Computing Machine Laboratory at the University of Manchester in the north of England was established by Max Newman shortly after the end of World War II, around 1946.

The Laboratory was funded through a grant from the Royal Society, which was approved in the summer of 1946. He recruited the engineers Frederic Calland Williams and Thomas Kilburn where they built the world's first electronic stored-program digital computer, which came to be known as the Manchester Baby. Their prototype ran its first program on 21 June 1948.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
2CBecca
2CBecca, also known as 4-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenethylamine, 2C, and N-benzylphenethylamine families. It is a cyclized phenethylamine analogue of the serotonergic psychedelic 25B-NBOMe in which the N-benzylethylamine side chain has been cyclized to form a tetrahydroisoquinoline ring. The drug shows affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors (Ki = 39–71 nM and 267–850 nM, respectively). 2CBecca was first described in the scientific literature by Michael Robert Braden of the lab of David E. Nichols at Purdue University in 2007.

2C (psychedelics)
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of a benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.

Most of the early 2C drugs were developed by Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and were reviewed in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved). 2C-B is the most popular of the 2C drugs.
Swansea Bay Radio
Swansea Bay Radio is an Independent Local Radio station that broadcasts to Swansea, Neath Port Talbot and South Carmarthenshire. It is owned and operated by Nation Broadcasting and broadcasts on 102.1 FM and DAB from studios near the St Hilary transmitter in the Vale of Glamorgan.

The station plays easy listening pop music from the past and present, alongside local news, travel and community information.

As of December 2023, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 16,000, according to RAJAR.

RAJAR
Radio Joint Audience Research Limited (RAJAR; /ˈreɪdʒɑːr/) was established in 1992 to operate a single audience measurement system for the radio industry in the United Kingdom. RAJAR is jointly owned by the BBC and Radiocentre. RAJAR's predecessor was called Joint Industry Committee on Radio Audience Research (JICRAR; /ˈdʒɪkrɑːr/). Prior to this, the BBC and Radiocentre's predecessor CRCA carried out their own measurements independently of each other.
Rock the Coast
Rock the Coast is a concert put on by Muskegon, Michigan-based Alive on the Lakeshore.  The event was presented for several years at the amusement park Michigan's Adventure.  As of 2017, Rock the Coast took place at Ottawa County Fairgrounds in Holland, Michigan. It features Christian artists, including Crowder, Hillsong Young & Free, Plumb, Josh Wilson, Audio Adrenaline, Roper, and Toby Mac. Rock the Coast is typically held in May. In the past, the concert has featured several acts, among those Kutless, Family Force Five, BarlowGirl, Hawk Nelson, Everlife, Fireflight, John Reuben, and Superchick.

The festival is a member of the Christian Festival Association.

BarlowGirl
BarlowGirl was an American Christian rock and Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) all-female band from Elgin, Illinois. The band was composed of sisters Alyssa (lead vocals, bass guitar, keyboards), Lauren (co-lead vocals, drums) and Rebecca (guitar, backing vocals) Barlow. The band is best known for its radio singles "Never Alone" in 2004 and "I Need You to Love Me" in 2006, breaking records for the longest-charting No. 1 song on the Radio and Records Christian Hit Radio (CHR) chart and obtaining millions of views for their music videos on YouTube. The band also saw continued success with their Home for Christmas album. The band exceeded sales of one million compact discs by the end of 2008 and finished its career with over 1 million digital song downloads and 1.3 million compact disc sales.

In October 2012, BarlowGirl announced that they were "retiring the band".
Jens Pohlmann
Jens Pohlmann  (born 30 October 1978) is a German male water polo player. He was a member of the Germany men's national water polo team, playing as a driver. He was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. On club level he played for Wasserfreunde Spandau 04 in Germany.

Germany men's national water polo team
The Germany national water polo team represents Germany in international men's water polo competitions and friendly matches. It is controlled by German Swimming Federation.

Germany has won several medals in international competitions, including one Olympic gold and one World Cup, as well as 1982 World Championship bronze medal. The team was named Germany's Sportsteam of the Year in 1981.
Kodumbu Subramanya Swamy Temple
Kodumbu Subramaniya Swamy Temple is one of the oldest Murugan temples in Kerala region. It is located in the village of Kodumba in Palakkad district, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of Palakkad and southwest of Coimbatore in the valley of the Soka Nasini river, Kerala, India. Kodumbu temple is considered as half of Palani Murugan. Devotees believe that if a devotee takes bath in the Soka Nasini river, all his sorrows would fly away.

Kartikeya temple
Kartikeya temple is a type of Hindu temple where the main deity is Lord Kartikeya (also called Lord Murugan or Skanda), one of the sons of prime Hindu deities Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. Such temples are usually found in the southern part of India and the south eastern Asian countries. There are six abodes of Lord Murugan all of which are in Tamil Nadu state of India.
Enterprise inventory pattern
In the domain of the service-orientation design paradigm, the Enterprise Inventory is a design pattern by Thomas Erl that answers the question, "How can services be delivered to maximize recomposition?"; the application of this pattern results in a standardized enterprise-wide service inventory that fosters repeated service composition.

Design pattern
A design pattern is the re-usable form of a solution to a design problem. The idea was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander and has been adapted for various other disciplines, particularly software engineering.
Matthew L. Jones
Matthew Laurence Jones (born 1972) is a professor of the history of science and technology. He is an academic on history as well as data science and cybersecurity. From 2000 to 2023, Jones was employed as a professor by Columbia University; he joined Princeton as Smith Family Professor of History in 2023.

History of science and technology
The history of science and technology (HST) is a field of history that examines the development of the understanding of the natural world (science) and humans' ability to manipulate it (technology) at different points in time. This academic discipline also examines the cultural, economic, and political context and impacts of scientific practices; it likewise may study the consequences of new technologies on existing scientific fields.
2024 Uruguay Open
The 2024 Uruguay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on red clay courts in Montevideo. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Carrasco Lawn Tennis Club in Montevideo, Uruguay between 11 and 17 November 2024.

Franco Roncadelli
Franco Roncadelli (born 6 February 2000) is a Uruguayan tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 331 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 236 achieved on 3 November 2025. He is currently the No. 1 Uruguayan player.
Lishui River Bridge
The Zhanghua Lishui Grand Bridge  (张花澧水大桥) is a suspension bridge in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China. The bridge spans 856 m (2,808 ft) over the Lishui River gorge between the Yongding District, Zhangjiajie and the Yongshun County, Xiangxi. The bridge is part of an extension of the G5513 Changsha–Zhangjiajie Expressway to Huayuan that cut the 8 hour travel time between Zhangjiajie and Chongqing in half. With 330 m (1,080 ft) of clearance above the river the bridge is one of the world's highest bridges.

Zhangjiajie
Zhangjiajie (simplified Chinese: 张家界; traditional Chinese: 張家界; pinyin: Zhāngjiājiè; Tujia: Zanxjiaxgaif /tsán tɕá kǎi/) is a prefecture-level city in the northwestern part of Hunan Province, China. It comprises the district of Yongding, Wulingyuan and counties of Cili and Sangzhi. It contains the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, part of the Wulingyuan Scenic Area which was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992.
Feick
Feick is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arne Feick (born 1988), German footballer

George Feick (1849–1932), German-American builder

Jamie Feick (born 1974), American basketball player

Otto Feick (1890–1959), German inventor and gymnast

George Feick
George Feick (January 23, 1849 - November 11, 1932) was a German-American builder in Sandusky and Oberlin, Ohio.  His works include the Wyoming State Capitol, multiple buildings at Oberlin College, and numerous office buildings, churches, schools, libraries and residences in and around Sandusky.  Several of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Donald M. Payne
Donald Milford Payne Sr. (July 16, 1934 – March 6, 2012) was an American politician who was the U.S. representative for New Jersey's 10th congressional district from 1989 until his death in 2012. He was a member of the Democratic Party. The district encompassed most of the city of Newark, parts of Jersey City and Elizabeth, and some suburban communities in Essex and Union counties. He was the first African American to represent New Jersey in Congress.

Elizabeth, New Jersey
Elizabeth is a city in and the county seat of Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city retained its ranking as the state's fourth-most-populous city behind neighboring Newark, Jersey City and Paterson, with a population of 137,298, an increase of 12,329 (+9.9%) from the 2010 census count of 124,969, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,401 (3.7%) from the 120,568 counted in the 2000 census.

The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 140,413 for 2024, making it the 201st-most populous city in the nation and the fifth-most populous municipality of any type in the state, falling behind Lakewood Township.
Jayadratha
Jayadratha (Sanskrit: जयद्रथ, romanized: Jayadratha) is the king of the Sindhu kingdom featured in the Mahabharata The son of the king Vriddhakshatra. He was married to Dushala, the only sister of the hundred Kaurava brothers. He is killed by Arjuna. He has a son named Suratha.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Tommaso Leoni
Tommaso Leoni (born 14 December 1991) is an Italian snowboarder, specializing in snowboard cross.

Leoni competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Italy. In the snowboard cross, he finished 3rd in his 1/8 round race, but then 6th in his quarterfinal, not advancing and finishing 21st overall.

As of September 2014, his best showing at the World Championships is 14th, in the 2013 snowboard cross.

Leoni made his World Cup debut in March 2012. As of September 2014, his best finish is 5th, coming at three events. His best overall finish is 10th, in 2012–13.

FIS Snowboard World Cup
The FIS Snowboard World Cup is an annual snowboarding competition, arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS) since 1994. Since its inauguration, different disciplines have been added and removed, along with categories used to group them.

Currently disciplines contested in the World Cup are parallel giant slalom and parallel slalom (grouped into the "parallel" category); the halfpipe, big air, and slopestyle (grouped into the "AFU" category); and the discipline-category of snowboard cross. Most of these disciplines have been contested on and off throughout the years. The only discipline contested in every season of the World Cup is the halfpipe (and from 1996–97 season onward the snowboard cross).

There was an "overall" classification until the 2009–10 season. Since then, the World Cup has been divided into the three categories described above.
Keppel Gate, Isle of Man
Keppel Gate, Isle of Man (locally /ˈkɛpəlˈɡəɪtˈ/)   is part of a former UK HM Commissioners of Woods and Forest estate, including a series of former highway mountain gates.  It is now Common land in public ownership and is one of three purpose built former Crown Road sections of the A18 Snaefell Mountain Road used for the Isle of Man TT races. The area of Keppel Gate including a nearby private residence of Kate's Cottage at the adjacent 34th TT Milestone road-side marker  is located between the 4th Milestone and 5th Milestone road-side markers on the primary A18 Snaefell Mountain Road in the parish district of Kirk Onchan in the Isle of Man.

Beinn-y-Phott
Beinn-y-Phott, (Manx: turf summit) (colloquial pronunciation 'penny pot' ['pɛni fot] / [ðə 'pɛni pɔt]) is a peak of 546 metres (1,791 feet) on the Isle of Man, about 2 km SW of Snaefell.

It is at the southern end of the parish of Kirk Lezayre. It is skirted by the Mountain Course used for the TT races and is near Brandywell. It is covered by moorland and a detailed dating of its vegetation through the Holocene period has been made — mostly heathers, peat mosses and sedges.
Dolnji Kot
Dolnji Kot (pronounced [ˈdoːlnji ˈkoːt], German: Unterwinkel) is a settlement on the left bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Žužemberk in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

A roadside chapel-shrine in the northern part of the settlement was built in 1898.

Municipality of Žužemberk
The Municipality of Žužemberk (pronounced [ˈʒuːʒɛmbɛɾk]; Slovene: Občina Žužemberk) is a municipality southeast of the capital of Ljubljana in southeastern Slovenia. Its seat is the town of Žužemberk. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
Lumpkin Hill
Lumpkin Hill is a summit in Rome, Georgia. With an elevation of 640 feet (200 m), Lumpkin Hill is the 914th highest summit in the state of Georgia. The hill is considered to be one of the Seven Hills of Rome, Georgia.

The summit was named for John Henry Lumpkin, who is also buried on the hill. In 1956, Lumpkin Hill's peak was leveled during the construction of Turner McCall Boulevard.

Georgia State Route 20
State Route 20 (SR 20) is a 165.345-mile-long (266.097 km) state highway roughly in the shape of a capital J rotated ninety degrees to the left, which travels through portions of Floyd, Bartow, Cherokee, Forsyth, Gwinnett, Walton, Rockdale, Newton, and Henry counties in the northwestern and north-central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. Its counterclockwise, or western terminus is at the Alabama state line in Floyd County, and its clockwise, or eastern terminus occurs at its interchange with Lower Woolsey Road southwest of Hampton in Henry County south-southeast of the Atlanta Motor Speedway.
Alien TV
Alien TV is a live action/CG animation television series produced by Entertainment One and Pop Family Entertainment for Netflix. The plot revolves around a television news crew consisting of the extraterrestrials Ixbee, Pixbee and Squee, who are sent to learn about the planet Earth.

The series premiered on the Nine Network's multichannel 9Go! in Australia on 23 November 2019. A second season was released March 19, 2021 on Netflix. There are no plans for a season 3.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
PRADO (framework)
PRADO is an open source, object-oriented, event-driven, component-based PHP web framework. PRADO is used for the development of interactive web pages and applications. In 2013, it was considered by Computer Science educators to be one of the top six PHP web frameworks.

Component-based software engineering
Component-based software engineering (CBSE), also called component-based development (CBD), is a style of software engineering that aims to construct a software system from components that are loosely coupled and reusable. This emphasizes the separation of concerns among components.

To find the right level of component granularity, software architects have to continuously iterate their component designs with developers. Architects need to take into account user requirements, responsibilities, and architectural characteristics.