hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2D Materials (journal)
2D Materials  is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by IOP Publishing. It covers fundamental and applied research in two-dimensional materials science and engineering. It includes experimental, theoretical, and applied studies on materials such as graphene, silicene, boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides, along with related synthesis and fabrication techniques. The journal publishes original research articles, Perspectives, and invited Topical Reviews of multidisciplinary interest. The editor-in-chief is Wencai Ren (Chinese Academy of Sciences).

Boron nitride
Boron nitride is a thermally and chemically resistant refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with the chemical formula BN. It exists in various crystalline forms that are isoelectronic to a similarly structured carbon lattice. The hexagonal form corresponding to graphite is the most stable and soft among BN polymorphs, and is therefore used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetic products. The cubic (zincblende aka sphalerite structure) variety analogous to diamond is called c-BN; it is softer than diamond, but its thermal and chemical stability is superior.

Because of excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are used in high-temperature equipment and metal casting. Boron nitride has potential use in nanotechnology.
Kjellmanberget
Kjellmanberget is a mountain ridge in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after the Swedish botanist and Arctic explorer Frans Reinhold Kjellman. The ridge has a length of about five kilometers, extending from Gyllensköldfjellet eastwards to Breskarvet. Its highest peak is 795 m.a.s.l. Surrounding glaciers are Richterbreen, Frysjabreen and Instebreen.

Frans Reinhold Kjellman
Frans Reinhold Kjellman (4 November 1846 – 1907) was a Swedish phycologist and Arctic explorer renowned for his pioneering surveys of marine algae, especially in polar regions. He took part in several key expeditions—most notably the Vega expedition of 1878–80—and authored foundational monographs on the algal flora of the Arctic and Bering Sea.
Milbury Heath
Milbury Heath is a hamlet in South Gloucestershire, England, located east of Thornbury. The hamlet has a garden centre and a few other farm shops. The heath is a local high point (109 m above sea level at grid reference ST666902) and offers views west across the Severn Vale, and north into the Vale of Berkeley. A seat at the viewpoint commemorates the centenary of Falfield Parish Council in 1994. The hamlet has a former (Methodist?) chapel now converted to a private house, and a duck-pond.

The hamlet is on the Avon Cycleway. Both the A38 road and M5 motorway pass nearby. Just to the north on the A38, (technically in Buckover), is the White Horse pub.

Thornbury, Gloucestershire
Thornbury is a market town and civil parish in the South Gloucestershire unitary authority area of England, about 12 miles (19 km)  north of Bristol. It had a population of 12,063 at the 2011 census, rising to 14,496 in the 2021 census. Thornbury is a Britain in Bloom award-winning town, with its own competition: Thornbury in Bloom. The earliest documentary evidence of a village at "Thornbyrig" dates from the end of the 9th century. The Domesday Book of 1086 noted a manor of "Turneberie" belonging to William the Conqueror’s consort, Matilda of Flanders, with 104 residents.
Sex dice
Sex dice is a dice game intended to heighten the sexual atmosphere and promote foreplay. Instead of numbers, each face on the dice contains the name of a body part; the body part that faces up when the die is rolled must then be given sexual attention.

Foreplay
Foreplay is a set of 
emotionally and physically intimate acts between one or more people meant to create sexual arousal and desire for sexual activity. Although foreplay is typically understood as physical sexual activity, nonphysical activities, such as mental or verbal acts, may in some contexts be foreplay. This is typically the reason why foreplay tends to be an ambiguous term and means different things to different people. It can consist of various sexual practices such as kissing, sexual touching, removing clothes, oral sex, manual sex, sexual games, and sexual roleplay.

It serves as a critical phase in sexual encounters that heightens emotional intimacy and physical pleasure, making the sexual experience more fulfilling and satisfying. Foreplay has been found to be positively associated with female orgasm.
German submarine U-538
German submarine U-538 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down at the Deutsche Werft (yard) in Hamburg as yard number 356 on 18 April 1942, launched on 20 November and commissioned on 10 February 1943 with Kapitänleutnant Johann-Egbert Gosseler in command.

U-538 began her service career with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla from 10 February 1943. She was reassigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 November.

She carried out one patrol and did not sink any ships. She was a member of one wolfpack.

She was sunk on 21 November 1943, southwest of Ireland by British warships.

4th U-boat Flotilla
The 4th U-boat Flotilla (German 4. Unterseebootsflottille) was formed in May 1941 in Stettin under the command of Kapitänleutnant Werner Jacobsen. Nearly 300 boats received their basic training here. It was disbanded in May 1945.
Leo's Fortune
Leo's Fortune is a platform treasure based game for iOS, Android, Windows Phone and the Amazon App Store developed by 1337 & Senri LLC. It revolves around Leopold, the title character, a mustached "fluff ball" roly-poly whose fortune (gold) is stolen. The player guides Leopold through 2.5 dimensional platform levels as he searches for his treasure. There are currently 24 (including bonus levels), divided into 5 chapters.

The game was released for mobile devices on April 23, 2014. Microsoft Windows, OS X, and PlayStation 4 versions were released on September 8, 2015. A version for the Nintendo Switch was released on November 29, 2024.

Amazon Appstore
Amazon Appstore is an app store operated by Amazon.com Services, LLC, a subsidiary of Amazon.  The store is primarily used as the storefront for Amazon's Android-based Fire OS. including Amazon Fire tablets, and Amazon Fire TV digital media players, and can be sideloaded and installed manually on third-party Android devices. Some Android devices may also be bundled with Amazon Appstore as part of compensation agreements. It was also used as a source of Android software for runtime environments on BlackBerry 10 and Windows 11.

On August 20, 2025, the Amazon Appstore became inaccessible on third party Android devices and apps bought from the Amazon Appstore no longer work on those devices, but will continue for Fire Tablets.
Château de Rustéphan
The Château de Rustéphan is a small, ruined 15th–16th-century manor-house in Nizon, part of the commune of Pont-Aven in the Finistère département of France. It was erected by Jean du Faou, chamberlain of France and grand seneschal of Brittany, who built the domaine in 1420.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Jes Vollertsen
Jes Vollertsen (born 23.06.1961) is a Danish professor of environmental studies at Aalborg University. He holds a degree in environmental engineering from 1989 from Aalborg University and began his career working in the private and public sector on topics related to polluted water. During this time, he honed his skills on environmental engineering as well as computer modelling and operation control.

Aalborg University
Aalborg University (AAU) is an international public university with campuses in Aalborg, Esbjerg, and Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1974, the university awards bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and PhD degrees in a wide variety of subjects within humanities, social sciences, information technology, design, engineering, exact sciences, and medicine.
Motyl, Łódź Voivodeship
Motyl [ˈmɔtɨl] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mokrsko, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Mokrsko, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Wieluń, and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.
Windows 8 editions
Windows 8, a major release of the Microsoft Windows operating system, was available in four different editions: Windows 8 (Core), Pro, Enterprise, and RT. Only Windows 8 (Core) and Pro were widely available at retailers. The other editions focus on other markets, such as embedded systems or enterprise. All editions support 32-bit IA-32 CPUs and x64 CPUs.

Enterprise software
Enterprise software, also known as enterprise application software (EAS), is computer software that has been specially developed or adapted to meet the complex requirements of larger organizations. Enterprise software is an integral part of a computer-based information system, handling a number of business operations, for example to enhance business and management reporting tasks, or support production operations and back office functions. Enterprise systems must process information at a relatively high speed.

Services provided by enterprise software are typically business-oriented tools. As companies and other organizations have similar departments and systems, enterprise software is often available as a suite of customizable programs. Function-specific enterprise software uses include database management, customer relationship management, supply chain management and business process management.
Gabi Garcia
Gabrielle Lemos "Gabi" Garcia (born November 17, 1985) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and grappler. She is one of the most successful competitors of all time in the female black belt divisions, and a member of the IBJJF Hall of Fame.

Grappling
Grappling is a fighting technique based on throws, trips, sweeps, clinch fighting, ground fighting and submission holds.

Grappling contests often involve takedowns and ground control, and may end when a contestant concedes defeat. Should there be no winner after the match time-limit has lapsed, competition judges will determine the winner based on who exerted more control.

Grappling most commonly does not include striking or the use of weapons. However, some fighting styles or martial arts known especially for their grappling techniques teach tactics that include strikes and weapons either alongside grappling or combined with it.
Alberto Peral
Alberto Peral (born 1966, Santurtzi, Biscay) is a Basque artist. He began to highlight in the principle of the 90s. Since his first individual exhibition at the Fundació Joan Miró in Barcelona in 1992, he has created a conceptual route that has brought him to move through a big diversity of mediums, like drawing, photography or sculpture.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Far Corporation
Far Corporation were a multi-national band created by German record producer Frank Farian, who created the bands Boney M. and Milli Vanilli. The name was shortened from "Frank Farian Corporation", which was originally put together to record a cover of the Paul Simon piece "Mother and Child Reunion" as a charity record and reached the top 10 in several European countries. That group's lineup included members of Barclay James Harvest, Toto, Boney M and Force Majeure.

Mother and Child Reunion
"Mother and Child Reunion" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was the lead single from his second studio album, Paul Simon (1972), released on Columbia Records.  The song reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in March 1972.
Jay Bateman
Jay Bateman (born July 16, 1973) is an American football coach who is currently the defensive coordinator at the University of Kentucky. He previously served as the defensive coordinator for Texas A&M, the inside linebackers coach for the University of Florida and the co-defensive coordinator and safeties coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A former Broyles Award finalist, he has also had assistant coaching stints at Ball State, Army as well as a head coaching stint at Siena from 2000 to 2003.

Siena Saints football
For information on all Siena College sports, see Siena Saints

The Siena Saints football (formerly the Siena Indians) program was the intercollegiate American football team for Siena College located in Loudonville, New York. The team competed in the NCAA Division I-AA and were members of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. The school's first football team was fielded in 1965. Siena participated in football from 1965 to 2003, compiling an all-time record of 124–215–3. On January 21, 2004, Siena announced it was discontinuing its D I-AA football program. The discontinuation of the football program saved $200,000 from the school Athletic Department's annual budget, which was reallocated into other areas within the Athletic Department.
Daniel Cigogna
Daniel Jose Cigogna (born 8 November 1982) is an Argentine footballer. He plays in Honduras with Olimpia.

Cigogna began his career with local club Quilmes Atlético Club after loan spells with Universitario de Deportes and Atlético Rafaela and a stint in Bolivia with Unión Central he played in the lower divisions of Argentine football with Los Andes, Estudiantes (BA), Sarmiento and Talleres (RE). In 2009, he moved to Honduras and joined CD Olimpia.

Club Atlético Sarmiento
Club Atlético Sarmiento is an Argentine sports club based in Junín, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The club currently competes in Primera División, the top division of the Argentine football league system.

Founded in 1911 and affiliated to AFA in 1952, Sarmiento had two earlier stints in the Primera División (1981, 1982, 2015, 2016, and 2016–2017) before being promoted again before the 2021 season. The team's highest final position in the Primera División was 13th (of 18 teams) in 1981.
1810–11 United States Senate elections
The 1810–11 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1810 and 1811, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Democratic-Republican Party maintained their Senate majority. The minority Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (8 out of 34, or 23.5%) that, had they won all of the elections, they would still not have reached a majority.

Gridlock (politics)
In politics, gridlock or deadlock or political stalemate is a situation when there is difficulty passing laws that satisfy the needs of the people. A government is gridlocked when the ratio between bills passed and the agenda of the legislature decreases. Gridlock can occur when two legislative houses, or the executive branch and the legislature are controlled by different political parties, or otherwise cannot agree.

The word "gridlock" is used here as a metaphor – referring to the traffic standstill which results when congestion causes the flow to freeze up completely.
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce, 494 U.S. 652 (1990), was a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States regarding campaign finance regulations. The majority opinion authored by Thurgood Marshall held that the Michigan Campaign Finance Act, which burdened political speech by prohibiting corporations from using treasury money to make independent expenditures to support or oppose candidates in elections, was appropriately justified by a compelling state interest so as to overcome a First Amendment challenge. The court also found no Fourteenth Amendment violation, stating that Congress could treat press corporations and nonpress corporations differently without violating the Equal Protection Clause. Upholding the restriction on corporate political speech, The Court stated that  "Corporate wealth can unfairly influence elections"; however, the Michigan law still allowed the corporation to make such expenditures from a segregated fund.

Government interest
Government or state interest is a concept in law that allows the state to regulate a given matter. The concept may apply differently in different countries, and the limitations of what should and should not be of government interest vary, and have varied over time.
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) (Swahili:Chuo Kikuu cha Afya na Sayansi Shirikishi Muhimbili) is a public university located in Upanga West, Ilala District of Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. It is accredited by the Tanzania Commission for Universities (TCU).

Ilala District, Dar es Salaam
Ilala District, officially the Ilala Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaaa ya Ilala, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. The district is bordered to the north and northeast by Kinondoni District and Ubungo District, to the east by the Zanzibar Channel, the west by Pwani Region, and to the south by the Temeke District. It covers an area of 364.9 km2 (140.9 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of U.S Virgin Islands.  The administrative seat is Mchafukoge. The 2022 National Tanzania Census states the population for Ilala as 1,649,912.
Basket Zaragoza
Basket Zaragoza 2002 S.A.D., more commonly referred to as Basket Zaragoza  and as Casademont Zaragoza for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball club based in Zaragoza, Spain. The team plays in the Liga ACB and the FIBA Europe Cup. Their home arena is the Pabellón Príncipe Felipe.

Primera FEB
The Primera FEB, formerly known as LEB or LEB Oro, is the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It is run by the FEB. The FEB leagues are divided into three categories (the other two are the Segunda FEB and the Tercera FEB). The league was founded in 1996 and is played under FIBA rules.

The league is contested by 18 clubs. Each season, the top-finishing team in the Primera FEB are automatically promoted to the Liga ACB. The teams that finish the season in 2nd to 9th place enter a playoff tournament, with the winner also gaining promotion to the Liga ACB. The three lowest-finishing teams in the Primera FEB are relegated to Segunda FEB.

A total of 81 teams have competed in Primera FEB since its inception in 1996. 19 teams have been crowned champions and 30 teams have gained promotion to Liga ACB, of which only four teams could not play in Liga ACB. Club Melilla Baloncesto is the only team that played all seasons of the league.
Hsu Ping-chien
Hsu Ping-chien (Chinese: 徐秉謙; pinyin: Xú Bǐngqiān; born 8 October 1994) is a Taiwanese artistic gymnast. He competed at the Asian Games in 2010 and 2014. He also competed at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in 2017 and 2019.

At the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy, he won the silver medal in the men's team all-around event. In the same year, he competed at the 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships held in Stuttgart, Germany.

2019 Summer Universiade
The 2019 Summer Universiade (Italian: 2019 Universiade estiva), officially known as the XXX Summer Universiade (Italian: XXX Universiade estiva) and also known as Naples 2019, or Napoli 2019, was held in Naples, Italy, between 3 and 14 July 2019.

It was initially scheduled for Brasília, Brazil in July 2019. However, on 23 December 2014, it was confirmed that Brasília had withdrawn from hosting the event, citing financial problems. International University Sports Federation decided to reopen the bidding process after the withdrawal.
KNTH
KNTH (1070 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Houston, Texas, United States, and serving Greater Houston. Owned by the Salem Media Group, it features a conservative talk format branded "AM 1070 The Answer", with programming sourced from the Salem Radio Network. KNTH's studios are located on Savoy Drive near Interstate 69, in the Sharpstown district of Southwest Houston.

The transmitter is sited in Northwest Harris County on Welcome Lane near T.C. Jester Boulevard in Bammel Village. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator K277DE at 103.3 MHz.

Salem Radio Network
Salem Radio Network is a United States–based radio network that specializes in syndicated Christian political talk, music, and conservative secular news/talk programming. It is a division of the Salem Media Group.
Listed buildings in Waterhouses, Staffordshire
Waterhouses is a civil parish in the district of Staffordshire Moorlands, Staffordshire, England. It contains 46 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, three are at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish consists of the village of Waterhouses and the surrounding area, including the settlements of Calton, Cauldon, and Waterfall.  The area is rural and most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, cottages, farmhouses and farm buildings.  The other listed buildings include the ruins of a former large house, churches and items in churchyards, stocks and a pump on a village green, public houses, and a series of mileposts along the A523 road.

Staffordshire Moorlands
Staffordshire Moorlands is a local government district in Staffordshire, England. Its council is based in Leek, the district's largest town. The district also contains the towns of Biddulph and Cheadle, along with a large rural area containing many villages. North-eastern parts of the district lie within the Peak District National Park.

The area's principal industries are agriculture, fashion and tourism. Visitor attractions include the National Trust property Biddulph Grange, the Churnet Valley Railway, the UK's largest theme park Alton Towers Resort, and the annual Leek Arts Festival. There are also a variety of outdoor pursuits such as rock climbing (The Roaches), sailing (Rudyard Lake) and cycling (Waterhouses).

The neighbouring districts are East Staffordshire, Stafford, Stoke-on-Trent, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Cheshire East, High Peak and Derbyshire Dales.