hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?
Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East? (Korean: 달마가 동쪽으로 간 까닭은?; RR: Dalmaga dongjjogeuro gan kkadalgeun?) is a 1989 South Korean film written, produced and directed by Bae Yong-kyun, a professor at Dongguk University in Seoul. Known principally as a painter, Bae spent seven years making this film with one camera and editing it by hand. The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. It was the first South Korean film to receive a theater release in the United States. The US distributor Milestone Films premiered the film in New York City on September 24, 1993 and then expanded to more than 30 cities.

1989 Cannes Film Festival
The 42nd Cannes Film Festival took place from 11 to 23 May 1989. West German filmmaker Wim Wenders served as jury president for the main competition.

American filmmaker Steven Soderbergh won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for his debut film Sex, Lies, and Videotape.

During the 1989 festival, the first Cinéma & liberté forum was held with the participation of a hundred famous directors from various countries. They discussed about the freedom of expression and signed a declaration protesting against all forms of censorship still existing in the world.

The festival opened with New York Stories, an anthology film by Woody Allen, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, and closed with Old Gringo by Luis Puenzo.
Cicely Pearl Blair
Cicely Pearl Blair FRCP (née Hopton; 20 May 1926 – 14 February 2005) was a British dermatologist. She discovered that people who had albinism did not get blackheads, as they did not produce melanin, the pigment that makes the comedones black. She also wrote about rashes caused by brown-tailed moth caterpillars. After her retirement, she turned her hand to art and especially silver smithing, fashioning a "chain of office" for the president of the British Association of Dermatologists.

British Association of Dermatologists
The British Association of Dermatologists is a charity established in 1920 whose charitable objects are the practice, teaching, training, and research of dermatology.  It produces the British Journal of Dermatology, a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal and organises annual conferences.
Allt som jag ser
"Allt som jag ser" is a song written by Marcos Ubeda, Ulf Georgsson and Lars Diedricson, and performed by Barbados at Melodifestivalen 2001, where it ended up second.

It was also released as a single the same year. At the Swedish singles chart, it peaked at 7th position. It also charted at Svensktoppen for totally six weeks between 21 April-19 May 2001, peaking at fourth position.

It was also recorded in English, as "The Power of Love".

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
M-ratio
In no-limit or pot-limit poker, a player's M-ratio (also called "M number", "M factor" or just "M") is a measure of the health of a player's chip stack as a function of the cost to play each round. In simple terms, a player can sit passively in the game, making only compulsory bets, for M laps of the dealer button before running out of chips. A high M means the player can afford to wait a high number of rounds before making a move. The concept applies primarily in tournament poker; in a cash game, a player can in principle manipulate their M at will, simply by purchasing more chips.

A player with a low M must act soon or be weakened by the inability to force other players to fold with aggressive raises.

The term was named after Paul Magriel.

Betting in poker
In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing. Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.
Kocian Quartet
The Kocián Quartet is a Czech classical chamber ensemble. Originally named the New String Quartet, it was founded in 1972 by three members of the Prague Symphony Orchestra (Jan Odstrčil – 2nd violin, Jiří Najnar – viola, Václav Bernášek – cello) with Pravoslav Kohout as 1st violin. In 1975 they were renamed the Kocián Quartet in honor of famous violinist Jaroslav Kocián.

Between 2001 and 2009, the quartet consisted of: Pavel Hůla – 1st violin, Miloš Černý – 2nd violin, Zbyněk Paďourek – viola and Václav Bernášek – cello.

The quartet has regularly appeared at the Prague Spring International Music Festival since 1976.

Prague Symphony Orchestra
The Prague Symphony Orchestra (Czech: Symfonický orchestr hlavního města Prahy FOK) is a Czech orchestra based in Prague. The orchestra has traditionally been known by the acronym 'FOK', standing for 'Film-Opera-Koncert', reflecting the orchestra's fields of activity as envisioned by its founder.  When the city of Prague made the orchestra its official concert ensemble in 1952, it retained the acronym, giving it the official title 'Symphony Orchestra of the Capital City of Prague – FOK'.
Ferma, Russia
Ferma (Russian: Ферма) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Ferma, Novosibirsk Oblast, a railway halt platform in Moshkovsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Ferma, Perm Krai, a settlement in Permsky District of Perm Krai

Ferma, Saratov Oblast, a khutor in Saratovsky District of Saratov Oblast

Ferma, Perm Krai
Ferma (Russian: Ферма) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Dvurechenskoye Rural Settlement, Permsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 3,786 as of 2010. There are 30 streets.
Zárate–Brazo Largo Bridge
The Zárate–Brazo Largo Bridges are two cable-stayed road and railway bridges in Argentina, crossing the Paraná River (Paraná Guazú and Paraná de las Palmas) between the cities of Zárate,  Buenos Aires Province, and Brazo Largo, Entre Ríos Province.

The bridges have a suspended length of 550 m (1,804 ft), with a main span of 330 m (1,083 ft). Its pylons are 110 m (361 ft) high, and its deck depth is 2.6 m (8.5 ft). They were built between 1972 and 1977 on a design by Italian engineer Fabrizio de Miranda, and refurbished in 1998.

Zárate–Brazo Largo links the north of Buenos Aires with the southern part of the Argentine Mesopotamia, and also, by extension, Argentina with Uruguay and Brazil. The road link has four lanes. The main span is 50 m (164 ft) over the water level of the Paraná, which allows the passage of very large ships.

The bridge over the Parana de las Palmas is called "Bartolomé Mitre", while bridge over the Parana Guazú is called "Justo José de Urquiza".

Bartolomé Mitre
Bartolomé Mitre (26 June 1821 – 19 January 1906) was an Argentine general, statesman and author. He was President of Argentina from 1862 to 1868 and the first president of unified Argentina.

Mitre is known as a versatile statesman, military man, politician, journalist, historian, writer and poet. He was a major figure in the history of Argentina during the second half of the 19th century.

He was the figure that best characterized liberalism in Argentina, but he was a moderate and flexible liberal, not dogmatic.
Photodarkening
Photodarkening is an optical effect observed in the interaction of laser radiation with amorphous media (glasses) in optical fibers. Until now, such creation of color centers was reported only in glass fibers. Photodarkening limits the density of excitations in fiber lasers and amplifiers. The experimental results suggest that operating at a saturated regime helps to reduce photodarkening.

Compositing
Compositing is the process or technique of combining visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene. Live-action shooting for compositing is variously called "chroma key", "blue screen", "green screen" and other names. Today, most compositing is achieved through digital image manipulation. Pre-digital compositing techniques, however, go back as far as the trick films of Georges Méliès in the late 19th century, and some are still in use.
Snapplify
Snapplify is an educational technology company. It was founded by Wesley Lynch in 2011 in South Africa. The business has expanded into Africa, Europe and the United States, with offices across South Africa, as well as in UK, Nairobi and Amsterdam.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Mangal Sein
Mangal Sein (1927–1990) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party from Haryana and the deputy chief minister of Haryana from 1977 to 1979. He was elected to Haryana Legislative Assembly from Rohtak seven times. He served as President of state unit of BJP a later configuration of Jan Sangh.

Bharatiya Jana Sangh
The Bharatiya Jana Sangh (abbreviated as BJS or JS, short name: Jan Sangh; lit. 'All-India People's Union') was a Hindutva political party active in India. It was established on 21 October 1951 in Delhi by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. Jan Sangh was the political arm of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary organisation. In 1977, it merged with several other left, centre, and right parties opposed to the Indian National Congress and formed the Janata Party. In 1980, the members of the erstwhile Jan Sangh quit Janata Party after its defeat in the 1980 general election and formed the Bharatiya Janata Party, which is the direct political successor to the Jan Sangh. In Bihar, Ramdeo Mahto considered as founding leader of Bharatiya Janata Party – Bihar, because he brought BJP Into the power in Bihar, he elected as a candidate of Bhartiya Jana Sangh to Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1969 Assembly elections from Patna East Assembly constituency.
Pacific Northwest Hockey League
The Pacific Northwest Hockey League (PNWHL) was a Canadian junior ice hockey and semi-professional hockey league in British Columbia from 1965 to 1982. The Fowler Cup was awarded annually to the league champion at the end of each season. The PNWHL had two play levels: Junior and Intermediate.

The PNWHL has had varying season lengths, in September 1974, the league shortened the intermediate season from 40 to 32 games to accommodate working-class players, while extending the junior season from 32 to 40 games. As a result, league standings switched from the traditional point system to the win-loss percentage system.

The PNWHL was broadcast on Channel 3.

Semi-professional sports
Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on a full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete. As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only the employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team.

The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code and each sports organization's specific regulations.
Reports of Streptococcus mitis on the Moon
As part of the Apollo 12 mission in November 1969, the camera from the Surveyor 3 probe was brought back from the Moon to Earth. On analyzing the camera, it was found that the common bacterium Streptococcus mitis was alive on the camera. NASA reasoned that the camera was not sterilized on Earth before the space probe's launch in April 1967, two and a half years earlier. However, a later study showed that the scientists analysing the camera on return to Earth used procedures that were inadequate to prevent recontamination after return to Earth, for instance with their arms exposed, not covering their entire bodies as modern scientists would do. There may also have been possibilities for contamination during the return mission as the camera was returned in a porous bag rather than the airtight containers used for lunar sample return. As a result, the source of the contamination remains controversial.

Sterilization (microbiology)
Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. Sterilization can be achieved through various means, including heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration. Sterilization is distinct from disinfection, sanitization, and pasteurization, in that those methods reduce rather than eliminate all forms of life and biological agents present. After sterilization, fluid or an object is referred to as being sterile or aseptic.
2012 Brickyard 400
The 2012 Crown Royal Presents the Curtiss Shaver 400 at the Brickyard powered by BigMachineRecords.com, the 19th running of the event, was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on July 29, 2012 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. Contested over 160 laps, was the twentieth race of the 2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season. Jimmie Johnson, of the Hendrick Motorsports racing team, won his third race of the season ahead of Kyle Busch in second. Greg Biffle finished in the third position.

Speedway, Indiana
Speedway is a town in Wayne Township, Marion County, Indiana, United States. The population was 13,952 at the 2020 census, up from 11,812 in 2010. Speedway, which is an enclave of Indianapolis, is the home of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
Jennifer Michael Hecht
Jennifer Michael Hecht (born November 23, 1965) is a teacher, author, poet, historian, and philosopher. She was an associate professor of history at Nassau Community College (1994–2007) and most recently taught at The New School in New York City.

Hecht has seven published books, her scholarly articles have been published in many journals and magazines, and her poetry has appeared in The New Yorker, The New Republic, Ms. Magazine, and Poetry Magazine, among others. She has also written essays and book reviews for The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Philadelphia Inquirer, The American Scholar, The Boston Globe and other publications. She has written several columns for The New York Times online "Times Select." In 2010 Hecht was one of the five nonfiction judges for the National Book Award.

Hecht is a longtime blogger for The Best American Poetry series web site and maintains a personal blog on her website. She resides in Brooklyn, New York.

Copper Canyon Press
Copper Canyon Press is an independent, non-profit small press, founded in 1972 in Denver, Colorado, by Sam Hamill, Tree Swenson, Bill O'Daly, and Jim Gautney, specializing exclusively in the publication of poetry. Since 1974, it is located in Port Townsend, Washington, in what "looks like a small storage building".

With Hamill, the press's editor for over 30 years, departing in 2004, their team is currently led by Michael Wiegers and Ryo Yamaguchi, who joined in 1993 and 2024, and has previously included the likes of Tonaya Thompson as managing editor, George Knotek, Joseph Bednarik as marketing and sales director, and others. Bednarik also served as the poet Jim Harrison's editor at Copper Canyon Press. They publish new collections of poetry by both popular and emerging American poets, translations of classical and contemporary work from many of the world's cultures, re-issues of out-of-print poetry classics, prose books about poetry, and anthologies.
Postage stamps and postal history of Senegambia and Niger
Senegambia and Niger was a short-lived administrative unit of the French possessions in Africa, formed in 1902 and reorganized in 1904 into Upper Senegal and Niger.

Despite its brief existence, the French government-issued postage stamps for the administrative unit, in the form of a version of its Navigation and Commerce series, inscribed "SENEGAMBIE / ET NIGER". The set consisted of 13 values, from 1 centime to 1 franc.

Navigation and Commerce issue
The Navigation and Commerce issue is a series of key type stamps issued for the colonial territories of France. It was designed by Louis-Eugène Mouchon.

The issue uses a standard design featuring allegorical representations of navigation and commerce. The territory name is imprinted in a rectangular cartouche centered at the bottom of the stamp.

In French colonies, it is the first series of territory-specific postal releases. Adding the territory name helped reduce revenue loss incurred when stamps were purchased in colonies with low-value currencies, then sold or used in colonies with high-valued currencies.

It was first released in 1892, with later releases featuring new color schemes. Dates vary by territory, but by 1900 values start appearing surcharged in red or black ink to use the remaining stocks while colonies then used illustrated stamps.
Coin snatching
Coin snatching, often nicknamed the Chinese elbow trick, consists of a simple illusion in which a coin is placed on the elbow, the hand of the same arm is placed on the arm's shoulder, and the hand is swung forward to catch the coin. The trick can also be performed with a stack of coins. If performed correctly with a stack of coins, it will appear that they have teleported with a bang.

A world record of 328 coins was set in 1993 by Dean Gould, in accordance with British rules which specify that coins must be 10g or heavier (ruling out US quarters), that they may be arranged in multiple stacks, and that the catcher is allowed to drop some coins, counting only those that remain in the hand.

Teleportation
Teleportation is the hypothetical transfer of matter or energy from one point to another without traversing the physical space between them. It is a common subject in science fiction and fantasy literature. Teleportation is often paired with time travel, being that the traveling between the two points takes an unknown period of time, sometimes being immediate. An apport is a similar phenomenon featured in parapsychology and spiritualism.

There is no known physical mechanism that would allow for teleportation. Some scientific papers and media articles describe "quantum teleportation", a scheme for quantum information transfer, which does not allow for faster-than-light communication.
Kinjarapu Atchannaidu
Kinjarapu Atchannaidu is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is serving as the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) representing the Tekkali constituency from the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) since 2014. He is the chief of TDP for the state of Andhra Pradesh from 2020 till 2024. 
He is currently serving as the cabinet minister in the Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Bannari Amman Institute of Technology
Bannari Amman Institute of Technology is an engineering college located in Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded by the Bannari Amman Group in 1996 and is affiliated to Anna University. The institute offers 21 undergraduate, 10 postgraduate programmes in Engineering, Technology and Management studies. All the departments of Engineering and Technology are recognized by Anna University, Chennai to offer Ph.D. programmes.

Bannari Amman Group
Bannari Amman Group is an industrial conglomerate based in Tamil Nadu, with presence in manufacturing, trading and service. Manufacturing and trading activities include sugar, alcohol, liquor, granite etc. The service sector has wind power energy, education etc. It was founded by S. V. Balasubramaniam who is the Chairman of the group.
Transportation in Las Vegas
Transportation in the Las Vegas Valley including the Nevada cities of Las Vegas, North Las Vegas and Henderson is a multi-faceted system. The street system is mostly laid out in a north–south/east–west system of roads. While most residents rely on cars, there is a network of bus routes reaching some areas of the county. The Las Vegas Valley, being one of the largest tourist destinations in the world, has a mass transportation system which favors the Las Vegas Strip.

Many proposals have been made to expand the transportation system in the Las Vegas Valley including commuter rail and rapid transit.

North Las Vegas, Nevada
North Las Vegas is a suburban city in Clark County, Nevada, United States, in the Las Vegas Valley. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 262,527, with an estimated population of 280,543 in 2022. The city was incorporated on May 1, 1946. It is the 4th most populous city in the state of Nevada, and the 73rd most populous city in the United States.