hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mulgrave, Victoria
Mulgrave is an eastern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, situated 21 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District. It is located within the City of Monash local government area. Mulgrave recorded a population of 19,889 at the 2021 census.

The suburb takes its name from Mulgrave Castle in the English County of North Yorkshire. Sir George Phipps, the Earl of Mulgrave in the Peerage of Great Britain, served as the Governor of Victoria from 1879 to 1884.

The suburb in turn gave its name to the Mulgrave Freeway, which was later renamed to the Monash Freeway.

City of Monash
The City of Monash is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Established in 1994, it covers an area of 81.5 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and had an estimated population of 209,268 people in 2024. The council's offices are located in the suburb of Glen Waverley.
Parliamentary constituencies in the East Midlands
The region of East Midlands is divided into 47 parliamentary constituencies which is made up of 12 borough constituencies and 35 county constituencies.  Since the 2024 United Kingdom general election, 29 are represented by Labour MPs, 14 by Conservative MPs, 3 by Reform UK MPs and 1 by an independent MP.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
St. Vrain massacre
The St. Vrain massacre was a tragic incident in the Black Hawk War. It occurred near present-day Pearl City, Illinois, in Kellogg's Grove, on May 24, 1832. The massacre was most likely committed by Ho-Chunk warriors who were unaffiliated with Black Hawk's band of warriors. It is also unlikely that the group of Ho-Chunk had the sanction of their nation. Killed in the massacre were United States Indian Agent Felix St. Vrain and three of his companions. Some accounts reported that St. Vrain's body was mutilated.

St. Vrain and his party were attacked while en route from Dixon's Ferry, Illinois (now Dixon) to Galena, Illinois. St. Vrain had been ordered by General Henry Atkinson to deliver dispatches to Fort Armstrong. Colonel Henry Dodge's men interred the remains of St. Vrain and his companions after the massacre.

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
Renfrew County District School Board
The Renfrew County District School Board (RCDSB, known as English-language Public District School Board No. 28 prior to 1999) is the administrative body overseeing the operations of the primary and secondary schools in the County of Renfrew in Ontario, Canada. The administrative office is located in Pembroke, Ontario. Whilst Valour school being the biggest out of the county, located in Petawawa Ontario

Renfrew County
Renfrew County is a county and census division in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located on the west bank of the Ottawa River. There are 17 municipalities in the county. Its county seat is Pembroke, which is geographically within the county but administered independently.
BTR-3
The BTR-3 is an eight-wheel drive armored personnel carrier developed in 2000 and 2001 by an international consortium. The companies involved in the project include the Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau of Ukraine, Adcom Systems of Abu-Dhabi, UAE, and the State Scientific Technical Centre of Artillery & Rifle Arms of Ukraine. Although somewhat similar in appearance to the Soviet BTR-80, the BTR-3U is an all-new production vehicle rather than an update of the existing in-service vehicle.

Eight-wheel drive
Eight-wheel drive, often notated as 8WD or 8×8, is a drivetrain configuration that allows all eight wheels of an eight-wheeled vehicle to be drive wheels simultaneously. Unlike four-wheel drive drivetrains, the configuration is largely confined to heavy-duty off-road and military vehicles, such as armored vehicles, tractor units or all-terrain vehicles such as the Argo Avenger.
Cambalache
Cambalache (Southern Cone Spanish for bazaar or "junkshop") is an Argentine slang-language tango song written in 1934 by Enrique Santos Discépolo for the movie The Soul of the Accordion, released the following year. It is explicitly critical of 20th-century corruption and, having been written during the Infamous Decade, was banned by a succession of dictatorial governments before censorship was relaxed under General Juan Peron.

Infamous Decade
The Infamous Decade (Spanish: Década Infame) was a period in Argentine history that began with the 1930 coup d'état against President Hipólito Yrigoyen. This decade was marked on one hand by significant rural exodus, with many small rural landowners ruined by the Great Depression, which in turn pushed the country towards import substitution industrialization, and on the other hand, conservative governments stayed in power perpetually by electoral fraud. The poor results of economic policies and popular discontent led to another coup in 1943, the Revolution of 1943, by the Grupo de Oficiales Unidos (GOU), a nationalist faction of the Armed Forces, which triggered the rise to power of Juan Perón.
Emslie
Emslie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Edward Emslie (1848–1918), British painter and photographer

Bob Emslie (1859–1943), Canadian baseball pitcher

Claire Emslie (born 1994), Scottish footballer

David Emslie (born 1955), South African cricketer

Derek Emslie, Lord Kingarth (born 1949), Scottish judge

Erik Emslie (born 1965), South African cricketer

George Emslie, Baron Emslie (1919–2002), Scottish judge

Howard Emslie (1922–1985), South African cricketer

Isabel Emslie Hutton (1887–1960), Scottish doctor

John Emslie (1813–1875), British cartographer and artist

John Philipps Emslie (1839–1913), British topographical artist and folklorist

Nigel Emslie, Lord Emslie (born 1947), Scottish judge

Paul Emslie (born 1988), Scottish footballer

Peter Emslie (born 1968), South African cricketer

Rosalie Emslie (1891–1977), British painter

Rosalie M. Emslie (1854–1932), British painter

William Emslie (1908–1969), Scottish rugby union player

Isabel Emslie Hutton
Dr Isabel Galloway Emslie MD, Lady Hutton
CBE (11 September 1887 – 11 January 1960) was a Scottish physician who specialised in mental health and social work.

She served leading units in Dr Elsie Inglis's Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service in the front line in World War I and won awards from the British, Serbian, Russian and French. Emslie married British military officer Lt General Sir Thomas Jacomb Hutton.
Crewe Gresty Bridge TMD
Crewe Gresty Bridge TMD (formally, Crewe Gresty Lane TMD) is a Traction maintenance depot in Crewe, Cheshire, England. The depot is located to the South of Crewe station on the start of the line to Shrewsbury, over the road from the entrance to Crewe Basford Hall.

Crewe
Crewe (/kruː/ ⓘ) is a railway town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, in Cheshire, England. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 55,318 and the built-up area had 76,437. The town is best known as a large railway junction and home to Crewe Works; for many years, it was a major railway engineering facility for manufacturing and overhauling locomotives, but is now much reduced in size. From 1946 until 2002, it was also the home of Rolls-Royce motor car production. The Pyms Lane factory on the west of the town now exclusively produces Bentley motor cars. Crewe is 158 miles (254 km) north-west of London, 28 miles (45 km) south of Manchester city centre and 31 miles (50 km) south-east of Liverpool city centre.
Herreria stellata
Herreria stellata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. It is a perennial climbing herb endemic to Chile, where it is found in the Maule, Biobío and Los Lagos regions. It is one of the three endemic species of Chile belonging to the Asparagaceae family, the others being Trichopetalum plumosum and Oziroe arida.

Maule Region
The Maule Region (Spanish: Región del Maule, pronounced [ˈmawle]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire.
1999 Nigerien general election
General elections were held in Niger in 1999; the first-round of the presidential elections was held on 17 October, with a run-off held alongside National Assembly elections on 24 November. The elections followed a coup d'état on 9 April, in which Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, who had led an earlier coup in January 1996 and won disputed presidential elections, was assassinated. Coup leader Daouda Mallam Wanké initiated a transitional period that concluded with the victory of Mamadou Tandja, the candidate of the National Movement for the Society of Development (MNSD), over Mahamadou Issoufou, the candidate of the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS), in the run-off. The vote for the first National Assembly of the Fifth Republic, which had originally been scheduled for October, but delayed in August, also saw a victory for the MNSD, which won 38 of the 83 seats. It formed a coalition with the Democratic and Social Convention in order to gain a majority in the Assembly.

Daouda Malam Wanké
Daouda Malam Wanké (May 6, 1946 – September 15, 2004) was a military and political leader in Niger. He was a member of the Hausa ethnic group.

Wanké's year of birth is disputed. Many sources claim it is 1954 while others suggest 1946.

He held many other offices.
St. James Cathedral, Moyobamba
The Cathedral of St. James (Spanish: Catedral de Santiago), also known simply as Moyobamba Cathedral after the city in which it is located,  is the main church of the Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Moyobamba and of the Department of San Martín.

The cathedral occupies the north side of the Moyobamba Plaza de Armas, in Jirón Callao, on the corner of Pedro Canga. It formerly occupied the north-east side of the square, but was relocated after the city was struck by an earthquake. A monument dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus was erected on the site of the old cathedral.

Department of San Martín
San Martín (Spanish pronunciation: [sanmaɾˈtin]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's north, most of the department is located in the upper part of the Peruvian Amazon rainforest. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Moyobamba and the largest city in the department is Tarapoto.
Høybråten og Stovner IL
Høybråten og Stovner Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Stovner borough, Oslo. It has sections for association football, team handball, track and field, orienteering, skiing, gymnastics and floorball.

It was founded on 18 March 1918. The club colors are blue.

The cross-country team won the Norwegian championship in relay for women in 2004 and 2007. In 2004 Kristin Størmer Steira competed for the team.

The men's football team currently plays in the Fourth Division, the fifth tier of Norwegian football. It last played in the Third Division in 1996. It formerly cooperated to prop up an umbrella team called Groruddalen BK, but this team went defunct in 2008.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Michael Stockton
Michael Stockton (born May 7, 1989) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Elan Chalon of the French LNB Pro A and the FIBA Europe Cup. He played college basketball for the Griffins from Westminster College. He is the son of longtime Utah Jazz Hall of Fame point guard John Stockton.

Westminster Griffins
The Westminster Griffins are the athletic teams that represent Westminster University, located in Salt Lake City, Utah, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the NCAA Division II ranks, primarily competing in the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference (RMAC) for most of its sports since the 2015–16 academic year (which they were a member on a previous stint from 1967–68 to 1978–79 before suspending its athletics program); while its men's and women's alpine skiing teams compete in the Rocky Mountain Intercollegiate Ski Association (RMISA) affiliated with the NCAA. The Griffins previously competed in the Frontier Conference of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) from 1998–99 to 2014–15.
Shamsul Alam
Shamsul Alam (Bengali: শমসুল আলম, lit. 'Sun of the World') is a Bengali masculine given name of Arabic origin and notable bearers of the name include;

Shamsul Alam (Bir Uttam) (1947–2022), war veteran

Shamsul Alam (economist) (born 1951), economist

Shamsul Alam Manju (born 1955), footballer and coach

Shamsul Alam Dudu (born 1957), Awami League politician

Shamsul Alam Khan Milon (1957–1990), physician and political activist

Shamsul Alam (cricketer), cricketer

Shamsul Alam Pramanik (c. 1952–2023), Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician

Shamsul Alam (Siraganj politician), Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician

Shamsul Alam (civil servant) (born 1966), Bangladeshi democracy and human rights activist

Khan Samsul Alam, Congress politician

Shamsul Alam (Army officer)

Shamsul Alam (economist)
Shamsul Alam (born 1 January 1951) is a Bangladeshi economist, and a former State Minister of Planning of Bangladesh from 19 July 2021 until 19 November 2023. He retired as a member and the Senior Secretary of the Bangladesh Planning Commission. He is also one of the syndicate members of Sylhet Agricultural University. In recognition of his contribution in economics, the government of Bangladesh awarded him the country's second highest civilian award Ekushey Padak in 2020. He is the member of Awami league Advisory council. He was detained by the Detective Branch of police on 19 June 2025 in Mohammadpur, Dhaka.
Vecrīga
Vecrīga ("Old Riga") is the historical center and a neighbourhood (as Vecpilsēta) of Riga, Latvia, located in the Central District on the east side of Daugava River. Vecrīga is famous for its old churches and cathedrals, such as Riga Cathedral, St. James's Cathedral and St. Peter's Church.

Daugava
The Daugava (/ˈdaʊɡəvə/ DOW-gə-və), also known as the Western Dvina or the Väina River, is a large river rising in the Valdai Hills of Russia that flows through Belarus and Latvia into the Gulf of Riga of the Baltic Sea. The Daugava rises close to the source of the Volga. It is 1,020 km (630 mi) in length, of which 352 km (219 mi) are in Latvia and 325 km (202 mi) in Russia. It is a westward-flowing river, tracing out a great south-bending curve as it passes through northern Belarus.

Latvia's capital, Riga, bridges the river's estuary four times. Built on both riverbanks, the city centre is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the river's mouth and is a significant port.
Jarecki v. G.D. Searle & Co.
Jarecki v. G.D. Searle & Co., 367 U.S. 303 (1961), was a U.S. Supreme Court case.

Jarecki is an example of the maxim noscitur a sociis: a word is known by the company it keeps.  The Court noted that noscitur a sociis is not an inescapable rule.  It further noted that the maxim is often wisely applied where a word is capable of many meanings.  The reason that it is applied in the case of many meanings is that it avoids giving unintended breadth to Acts of Congress.

Statutory interpretation
Statutory interpretation is the process by which courts interpret and apply legislation. Some amount of interpretation is often necessary when a case involves a statute. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and a straightforward meaning, but in many cases, there is some ambiguity in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge. To find the meanings of statutes, judges use various tools and methods of statutory interpretation, including traditional canons of statutory interpretation, legislative history, and purpose.
In common law jurisdictions, the judiciary may apply rules of statutory interpretation both to legislation enacted by the legislature and to delegated legislation such as administrative agency regulations.
The Dancer of Paris
The Dancer of Paris is a lost 1926 American silent drama film produced and distributed by First National Pictures. It was directed by Alfred Santell and starred Dorothy Mackaill. A vintage movie trailer displaying short clips of the film still exists.

First National Pictures
First National Pictures was an American motion picture production and distribution company. It was founded in 1917 as First National Exhibitors' Circuit, Inc., an association of independent theatre owners in the United States, and became the country's largest theater chain. Expanding from exhibiting movies to distributing them, the company reincorporated in 1919 as Associated First National Theatres, Inc., and Associated First National Pictures, Inc. In 1924 it expanded to become a motion picture production company as First National Pictures, Inc., and became an important studio in the film industry. In September 1928, control of First National passed to Warner Bros., into which it was completely absorbed on November 4, 1929. A number of Warner Bros. films were thereafter branded First National Pictures until July 1936, when First National Pictures, Inc., was dissolved.
The X Factor: Battle of the Stars
The X Factor: Battle of the Stars is a UK celebrity special edition of The X Factor, which screened on ITV, started on 29 May 2006 and lasting for eight consecutive nights. Pop Idol was meant to air in its place as Celebrity Pop Idol but was stopped shortly before transmission, when ITV picked The X Factor over it.

Nine celebrity acts participated, singing live in front of the nation and facing the judges of the previous The X Factor series, Simon Cowell, Sharon Osbourne and Louis Walsh. Voting revenues were donated to the celebrities' chosen charities.

Cowell originally axed the format after its first airing, describing as "pointless", however, a revamped variation of the format aired in 2019, titled The X Factor: Celebrity with Cowell and Walsh reprising their roles as judges and Nicole Scherzinger replacing Osbourne on the panel as well as Dermot O'Leary taking over from Kate Thornton as host.

Dermot O'Leary
Dermot O'Leary (born Seán Dermot Fintan O'Leary, Jr., 24 May 1973) is a British and Irish broadcaster. He currently co-presents ITV's This Morning on Fridays, school holidays and bank holidays alongside Alison Hammond. He presented the talent show competition The X Factor on ITV from 2007 until its final series in 2018, with the exception of 2015.

O'Leary began his radio career working as a disc jockey at Essex Radio. From 2001 to 2003, he was a presenter for London's indie rock station XFM. O'Leary joined BBC Radio 2 in 2004 and currently presents the Saturday morning breakfast show and since April 2022 Alternative Sounds of the 90's.
International University of Rabat
The International University of Rabat (UIR; French: Université Internationale de Rabat) is a semi-public university located in Salé, within the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region of Morocco. It was established in 2010 as the first higher education institution in the country founded through a public–private partnership.

The university offers a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs, many of which are organized as double degrees in cooperation with international partner institutions. Fields of study include law, engineering, aeronautics, energy engineering, architecture, business management, political science, and health sciences.

It is recognized for its contribution to the diversification of Moroccan higher education, particularly through its emphasis on international collaboration and applied research.

Rabat-Salé-Kénitra
Rabat-Salé-Kénitra (Arabic: الرباط-سلا-القنيطرة, romanized: ar-ribāṭ salā al-qunayṭira) is one of twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It is situated in north-western Morocco and has a population of 5,132,639 (2024 census). The capital is Rabat.
Fair Oaks Pharmacy
Fair Oaks Pharmacy is a historic pharmacy and soda fountain located at 1526 Mission Street, South Pasadena, California. It was established in 1915 and has since become a local landmark and cultural institution.

Milkshake
A milkshake (sometimes simply called a shake) is a sweet beverage made by blending milk, ice cream, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup into a thick, sweet, cold mixture. It may also be made using a base made from non-dairy products, including plant milks such as almond milk, coconut milk, or soy milk. Dry ingredients such as whole fruit, nuts, seeds, candy, or cookies may be incorporated.

Milkshakes originated in the United States around the turn of the 20th century and gained widespread popularity after the introduction of electric blenders in the following decades. During this period, ice cream shops became popular social gathering spots for young people, and milkshakes came to symbolize the simplicity and innocence of youth culture.
Thracia
Thracia or Thrace (Ancient Greek: Θρᾴκη, romanized: Thrakē) is the ancient name given to the southeastern Balkan region, the land inhabited by the Thracians. Thrace was ruled by the Odrysian kingdom during the Classical and Hellenistic eras, and briefly by the Greek Diadochi ruler Lysimachus, but became a client state of the late Roman Republic and early Roman Empire as the Sapaean kingdom. Roman emperor Claudius annexed the kingdom as a Roman province in 46 AD.

Diadochi
The Diadochi were the rival generals, families, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC. The Wars of the Diadochi mark the beginning of the Hellenistic period from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indus River Valley.

The most notable Diadochi include Ptolemy, Antigonus, Cassander, and Seleucus as the last remaining at the end of the Wars of the Successors, ruling in Egypt, Asia-Minor, Macedon and Persia respectively, with Ptolemaic, Antigonid and Seleucid dynasties lasting several centuries.