hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Princess Muneerah Madhul Bolkiah
Muneerah Madhul Bolkiah binti Al-Muhtadee Billah (Jawi: مونيايراه مدهول بولكيه; born 2 January 2011) is a member of the royal family of Brunei. She is the eldest daughter of Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah and Crown Princess Sarah and a granddaughter of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei.

Istana Nurul Iman
The Istana Nurul Iman (Jawi: ايستان نور الإيمان; English: The Light of Faith Palace) is the official residence of the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, and the seat of the Brunei government. The palace is located on a leafy, riverside sprawl of hills on the banks of the Brunei River, a few kilometres southwest of Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei's capital city. The palace is often at the centre of state occasions and royal hospitality.
Trepak (The Nutcracker)
Trepak (Russian: Трепак; Ukrainian: Трoпак or Трiпак), also referred to as the Russian dance, is one of the character dances from Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's famous 1892 ballet The Nutcracker. It is based on the traditional Russian and Ukrainian folk dance also called the trepak.

The piece is part of the Divertissement in Act II, Tableau III. The other character dances in this divertissement are: Chocolate (Spanish dance), Coffee (Arabian dance) and Tea (Chinese dance).

Tchaikovsky's Trepak is written in AABA form.  Its tempo is molto vivace – prestissimo, the time signature is 24, and the key is G major.

Russian folk dance
Russian folk dance (Russian: Русский народный танец) is an important part of Russian culture. Some of the unique characteristics suggest that many elements were developed by the early Russian population.
Leptosiaphos hackarsi
Leptosiaphos hackarsi, also known commonly as Hackars' five toed skink or Hackars's five-toed skink, is an endangered species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is native to central Africa.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Word problem (mathematics)
In computational mathematics, a word problem is the problem of deciding whether two given expressions are equivalent with respect to a set of rewriting identities. A prototypical example is the word problem for groups, but there are many other instances as well. Some deep results of computational theory concern the undecidability of this question in many important cases.

Computational mathematics
Computational mathematics is a field of study that focuses on the interaction of mathematical sciences, computer science, and algorithms.

A large part of computational mathematics consists roughly of using mathematics for allowing and improving computer computation in areas of science and engineering where mathematics are useful. This involves in particular algorithm design, computational complexity, numerical methods and computer algebra.

Computational mathematics refers also to the use of computers for mathematics itself. This includes mathematical experimentation for establishing conjectures (particularly in number theory), the use of computers for proving theorems (for example the four color theorem), and the design and use of proof assistants.
The Ghost Busters
The Ghost Busters is a live-action children's sitcom that ran on CBS in 1975, about a team of bumbling detectives who investigate ghostly occurrences. The show reunited Forrest Tucker and Larry Storch in slapstick roles similar to their characters in F Troop, and featured a third actor, Bob Burns, in a gorilla suit as their partner.

The series of fifteen episodes centered on the perpetual bumbling of the characters, good and evil alike. Character names referenced classic cinema, with both "Spencer" and "Tracy" alluding to actor Spencer Tracy, while "Kong" – not given to the gorilla – was a homage to King Kong.

After Columbia Pictures paid to license the Filmation series name for their (unrelated) 1984 film Ghostbusters, Filmation revived its series with an animated sequel in 1986.

Slapstick
Slapstick is a style of humor involving exaggerated physical activity that exceeds the boundaries of normal physical comedy. Slapstick may involve both intentional violence and violence by mishap, often resulting from physical abuse and/or inept use of props such as saws and ladders.

The term arises from a device developed for use in the broad, physical comedy style known as commedia dell'arte in 16th-century Italy. The "slap stick" consists of two thin slats of wood, which makes a "slap" when striking another actor, with little force needed to make a loud—and comical—sound. The physical slap stick remains a key component of the plot in the traditional and popular Punch and Judy puppet show. More contemporary examples of slapstick humor include The Three Stooges, The Naked Gun and Mr. Bean.
St. Ann, The Personal School
St. Ann, The Personal School was a Catholic pre-kindergarten and K–8 school in Upper Manhattan, located in East Harlem at 314 East 110th Street, New York City. It was founded in 1926 and affiliated with St. Ann Church (East Harlem). It was later merged with St. Paul's School, which led to the creation of the Academy of St. Paul and St. Ann at the start of the 2020-2021 academic year. The Academy of St. Paul and St. Ann will close following the end of the 2022-2023 academic year due to changing demographics and enrollment declines.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Tenneru Formation
The Tenneru Formation (天寧層, Tenneru-sō), sometimes in older literature the Tenneru Conglomerate Member of the Chorobetsu Formation,: 260  is a geological formation in southeast Hokkaidō, Japan, in the area of Kushiro.: 152  Deposited between the Harutori Formation and Yūbetsu Formation in the Urahoro Group that unconformably overlies the Nemuro Group in the Nemuro Belt, the Tenneru Formation correlates with the Rushin Formation at its western end. The Formation, laid down in the Late Eocene,: 160  consists mainly of reddish and reddish brown conglomerate, with some sandstone and mudstone; there are several intercalated coal seams.: 152  New species of fauna described from the Tenneru Formation include the "Kushiro tapir" [ja] (Plesiocolopirus kushiroensis; protonym: Colodon kushiroensis), and of flora, Actinidia harutoriensis, Alnus ezoensis, Aralia ezoana, Cordia japonica, Cupania japonica, Idesia kushiroensis, Lastrea kushiroensis, and Maesa nipponica.: 432–4

Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. However, in most contexts, the term refers to siliciclastic mudstone, composed mostly of silicate minerals.

The NASA Curiosity rover has found deposits of mudstone on Mars that contain organic substances such as propane, benzene and toluene.
WVIF
WVIF (channel 15) was a television station serving the United States Virgin Islands that was licensed to Christiansted, Saint Croix. The station was owned by Corporate Media Consultants Group (CMCG), which is 49 percent owned by Max Media.

For much of its history, WVIF was silent, occasionally returning to the air as an independent station. At one time, it had planned to affiliate with the Fox network.

Saint Croix
Saint Croix (/krɔɪ/ KROY; Spanish: Santa Cruz; Dutch: Sint-Kruis; French: Sainte-Croix; Danish and Norwegian: Sankt Croix; Taino: Ay Ay) is an island in the Caribbean, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States.

St. Croix is the largest of the territory's islands. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 41,004. The island's highest point is Mount Eagle, at 355 meters (1,165 ft). St. Croix's nickname is "Twin City", for its two towns, Frederiksted on the western end and Christiansted on the northeast part of the island.
Georgia's 12th congressional district
32°54′42.75″N 82°19′14″W﻿ / ﻿32.9118750°N 82.32056°W﻿ / 32.9118750; -82.32056

Georgia's 12th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is represented by Republican Rick Allen. The district's boundaries have been redrawn following the 2010 census, which granted an additional congressional seat to Georgia.  The first election using the new district boundaries (listed below) were the 2012 congressional elections.

The district covers portions of the eastern and southeastern parts of the state. It includes the cities of Augusta, Dublin, Douglas, and Statesboro.

Douglas, Georgia
Douglas is a city in Coffee County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 11,722. Douglas is the county seat of Coffee County and the core city of the Douglas micropolitan statistical area, which had a population of 50,731 as of the 2010 census.
Wawona Covered Bridge
The Wawona Covered Bridge is a covered bridge spanning the South Fork Merced River near Wawona, California, in Yosemite National Park. The open bridge (without the covering) was built by Galen Clark, the steward of what was then called the Yosemite Grant, in 1868, without its cladding.  The open bridge was a component of Clark's proposed new road from Wawona to the Yosemite Valley. Clark was unable to complete the road, which he sold to the Washburn Group of investors along with his stopover lodging (Clark's Station) in 1874. In mid-1875 the Washburn Group completed the road to Yosemite Valley. It is one of twelve remaining covered bridges in California.

Wawona, California
Wawona (formerly Big Tree Station, Clark's Station, Clarks Station, Wah-wo-nah, and Clark's Ranch) is a census-designated place in Mariposa County, California, United States. The population was 111 at the 2020 census.

The community is located entirely within Yosemite National Park, as it preceded the founding of the park as a national recreation area. The number of inhabitants increases dramatically during peak tourist seasons, due to the large number of rental cabins in the town. It is located at 37°32′13″N 119°39′23″W﻿ / ﻿37.53694°N 119.65639°W﻿ / 37.53694; -119.65639, 20 miles (32 km) north of Oakhurst and 26 miles (42 km) south of the center of Yosemite Valley, at an elevation of 3,999 feet (1,219 m).

The ZIP Code is 95389. The community is within area code 209.
Medicines Control Authority of Zimbabwe
The Medicines Control Authority of Zimbabwe (MCAZ) is the statutory body of Zimbabwe responsible for protecting public and animal health. It was established on September 1, 1969 by an Act of Parliament called the Drugs and Allied Substances Control Act. The MCAZ is a successor of the Drugs Control Council (DCC) and the Zimbabwe Regional Drug Control Laboratory (ZRDCL). Since 2020, the MCAZ has been a member of Vaccine Safety Net (VSN), a global network of websites established by the World Health Organization (WHO). As of 2021, the MCAZ has 101 to 250 staff members. MCAZ became a WHO Global Benchmarking Maturity Level 3 Authority in June 2024.

Statutory body
A statutory body or statutory authority is a body set up by law (statute) that is authorised to implement certain legislation on behalf of the relevant country or state, sometimes by being empowered or delegated to set rules (for example regulations or statutory instruments) in their field. They are typically found in countries which are governed by a British style of parliamentary democracy such as the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries like Australia, Canada, India and New Zealand. They are also found in Hong Kong, Israel and elsewhere. Statutory authorities may also be statutory corporations, if created as a body corporate.
Gerhard Pohl
Gerhard Pohl (16 August 1937 – 30 May 2012) was a German politician and a member of the East German CDU. He served as Minister of Economics from April to August 1990, in the cabinet of Lothar de Maizière.

Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (German: Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands, CDU) was an East German political party founded in 1945.  It was part of the National Front with the Socialist Unity Party and a bloc party until 1989.

It contested the free elections in 1990 as an arm of the West German Christian Democratic Union, into which it merged after German reunification later that same year.
Emmich
Emmich is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Val Emmich (born 1979), American writer, singer-songwriter, and actor

Otto von Emmich (1848–1915), Prussian general

Cliff Emmich (1936–2022), American actor

Val Emmich
Val Matthew Emmich (/ˈɛmɪk/ EM-ik; born 1979) is an American writer, singer-songwriter, and actor. He is the author of three novels including New York Times best-selling book in the young adult fiction category Dear Evan Hansen: The Novel and the adult novel The Reminders. He has had acting roles on HBO's Vinyl, NBC's 30 Rock, Showtime's The Big C, and ABC's Ugly Betty. As a singer-songwriter, he has released over a dozen albums over a twenty-five year career.
Euler force
In classical mechanics, the Euler force is the fictitious tangential force that appears when a non-uniformly rotating reference frame is used for analysis of motion and there is variation in the angular velocity of the reference frame's axes. The Euler acceleration (named for Leonhard Euler), also known as azimuthal acceleration or transverse acceleration, is that part of the absolute acceleration that is caused by the variation in the angular velocity of the reference frame.

Tangential speed
Tangential speed is the speed of an object undergoing circular motion, i.e., moving along a circular path. A point on the outside edge of a merry-go-round or turntable travels a greater distance in one complete rotation than a point nearer the center. Travelling a greater distance in the same time means a greater speed, and so linear speed is greater on the outer edge of a rotating object than it is closer to the axis. This speed along a circular path is known as tangential speed because the direction of motion is tangent to the circumference of the circle. For circular motion, the terms linear speed and tangential speed are used interchangeably, and is measured in SI units as meters per second (m/s).
1993 Italian local elections
The 1993 Italian local elections were held on 6 and 20 June, on 21 November and 5 December. It was the first time where citizens could vote both for the mayor and the city council, as for the provincial president and the provincial council.

The elections were won by the Democratic Party of the Left, led by Achille Occhetto and his centre-left to left-wing alliance. But the elections were also characterized by a strong aftermath of the Northern League in Northern Italy and the Italian Social Movement in Central and Southern Italy.

These elections caused the end of the traditional parties which ruled Italy for almost fifty years, like the Christian Democracy, the Socialist Party, the Democratic Socialist Party, the Republican Party and the Liberal Party.

Italian Liberal Party
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was a liberal political party in Italy.

The PLI, which was heir to the liberal currents of both the Historical Right and the Historical Left, was a minor party after World War II, but also a frequent junior party in government, especially after 1979. It originally represented the right-wing of the Italian liberal movement, while the Italian Republican Party the left-wing. The PLI disintegrated in 1994 following the fallout of the Tangentopoli corruption scandal and was succeeded by several minor parties. The party's most influential leaders were Giovanni Giolitti, Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Malagodi.
Kiyotaka Kanai
Kiyotaka Kanai (金井 清高, Kanai Kiyotaka; born 1951) is a Japanese amateur astronomer, observer of variable stars, discoverer of comet C/1970 B1, and co-discoverer of the main-belt asteroid 7752 Otauchunokai, named after the Ota Uchuno Kai group, an amateur astronomers' club at Ōta city, of which he is a member of.

The inner main-belt asteroid 26168 Kanaikiyotaka was named after him on 21 September 2002 (M.P.C. 46684).

Ōta, Gunma
Ōta (太田市, Ōta-shi) is a city located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 224,358 in 109,541 households, and a population density of 1300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 60.97 square kilometres (23.54 sq mi).
Melitaea
Melitaea is a genus of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae). They are here placed in the tribe Melitaeini of subfamily Nymphalinae; some authors elevate this tribe to subfamily rank.

As delimited here, Melitaea includes the genus Mellicta, making the subtribe Melitaeina monotypic (but see below). For long, it was believed that Mellicta was a junior objective synonym of Melitaea, sharing the same type species (the Glanville fritillary, M. cinxia). This was in error, however; the type species of Mellicta is actually the heath fritillary (M. athalia), making the two taxa junior subjective synonyms and thus eligible to be separated again. However, several other taxa are in fact objective synonyms (or at least have type specimens belonging to the same biological species) of Melitaea and Mellicta – Schoenis and the preoccupied Lucina and Melinaea for the former, Athaliaeformia for the latter.

Nymphalinae
The Nymphalinae are a subfamily of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae). Sometimes, the subfamilies Limenitidinae, and Biblidinae are included here as subordinate tribe(s), while the tribe Melitaeini is occasionally regarded as a distinct subfamily. Their phylogenetics can be traced back to the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution after the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction, followed by repeated dispersals into the rest of the Old World and the New World during various periods beginning in the Eocene.
Declan Cassidy
Declan Cassidy is a director and producer in Irish film and television. He specialises on short films which have won multiple awards in film festivals around the world. This short format focus has seen him accrue over 20,000 followers to his account on the social media platform TikTok, under the username DeclanCreative. This following places Cassidy into the category of micro-influencer.

Broadcasting Authority of Ireland
The Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI; Irish: Údarás Craolacháin na hÉireann) is a former broadcasting authority which regulated both public and commercial broadcasting sector in Ireland.

It was established in 2009, effectively replacing the  Broadcasting Commission of Ireland (BCI) (Irish: Coimisiún Craolacháin na hÉireann). It was dissolved in 2023 and its staff and functions were transferred to a new body entitled Coimisiún na Meán.
Saulius Ambrulevičius
Saulius Ambrulevičius (born 10 June 1992) is a Lithuanian ice dancer. With current ice dance partner Allison Reed, they are the 2024 European bronze medalists, five-time ISU Grand Prix medalists, and seven-time ISU Challenger Series medalists (two golds, five silvers).  They have finished in the top ten at three World Championships (2022, 2023, 2024).

With former ice dance partner Taylor Tran, he is the 2015 Pavel Roman Memorial silver medalist and 2015 Lithuanian national champion. They qualified to the free dance at the 2017 European Championships. As a single skater, he is the 2007 and 2008 Lithuanian national champion.

Pavel Roman Memorial
The Pavel Roman Memorial (Czech: Memoriál Pavla Romana) an annual ice dance competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Czech Figure Skating Association (Czech: Český krasobruslařský svaz) and the Olomouc Figure Skating Club at the Zimní stadion Olomouc in Olomouc, Czech Republic. The competition debuted in 1992 and is named in honor of Pavel Roman, who competed internationally in pair skating and ice dance for Czechoslovakia.

Medals may be awarded at the senior, junior, and novice levels, although competition at every level may not be held every year due to a lack of entrants.
Formal act of defection from the Catholic Church
A formal act of defection from the Catholic Church (Latin: actus formalis defectionis ab Ecclesia catholica) was an externally provable juridic act of departure from the Catholic Church that existed between 1983 and 2010.

The act was recognized from 1983 to 2010 in the 1983 Code of Canon Law as having certain juridical effects enumerated in canons 1086, 1117, and 1124. The concept of "formal" act of defection was narrower than that of "notorious" (publicly known) defection recognized in the 1917 Code of Canon Law. In 2006, the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts specified in what a formal act of defection from the Catholic Church consisted.

In 2009, after Omnium in mentem, all mention of a formal act of defection from the Catholic Church and of any juridical effects deriving from it was removed from the Code.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
USS Kingfisher
USS Kingfisher is a name used by four ships of the U.S. Navy:

USS Kingfisher (1861) was a bark purchased by the Navy at Boston, Massachusetts, 2 August 1861.

USS Kingfisher (SP-76), a motor launch, was built in 1916 by George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, Massachusetts.

USS Kingfisher (AM-25) launched 30 March 1918 by Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Puget Sound, Washington.

USS Kingfisher (MHC-56) is the sixth ship of Osprey-class coastal minehunters.

USS Kingfisher (MHC-56)
USS Kingfisher (MHC-56) was the sixth ship of Osprey-class coastal mine hunters. She is named after the kingfisher.

Kingfisher was decommissioned in a joint ceremony along with three other Coastal Mine Hunters. She was the last Coastal Mine Hunter (MHC) in active service with the US Navy. She was transferred to a Naval Inactive Ships Storage Facility in Texas to await transfer under Foreign Military Sales. In September 2010, the US Senate had approved the sale of the ship to India along with USS Cormorant (MHC-57). This sale never happened. Stricken from the Navy list 01 December 2007, sold by U.S. General Services Administration for scrap, 08 May 2014.