hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1869–70 Colombian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in the United States of Colombia in 1869 and 1870. The electors were elected in 1869 and elected the president the following year. The result was a victory for Eustorgio Salgar of the Liberal Party.

Colombian Liberal Party
The Colombian Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Colombiano; PLC) is a  centre-left political party in Colombia. It was founded as a classical liberal party but later developed a more social-democratic tradition, joining the Socialist International in 1999.

The Liberal Party along with the Colombian Conservative Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as La Violencia, after which they established the "National Front", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia.

Currently, the Liberal Party is the largest party in Congress and supported the left-wing presidency of Gustavo Petro until leaving Petro's coalition on 28 November 2023.
Diameter (group theory)
In the area of abstract algebra known as group theory, the diameter of a finite group is a measure of its complexity.

Consider a finite group , and any set of generators S. Define  to be the graph diameter of the Cayley graph .  Then the diameter of  is the largest value of  taken over all generating sets S.

For instance, every finite cyclic group of order s, the Cayley graph for a generating set with one generator is an s-vertex cycle graph. The diameter of this graph, and of the group, is .

It is conjectured, for all non-abelian finite simple groups G, that

Many partial results are known but the full conjecture remains open.

Simple group
In mathematics, a simple group is a nontrivial group whose only normal subgroups are the trivial group and the group itself.  A group that is not simple can be broken into two smaller groups, namely a nontrivial normal subgroup and the corresponding quotient group. This process can be repeated, and for finite groups one eventually arrives at uniquely determined simple groups, by the Jordan–Hölder theorem.

The complete classification of finite simple groups, completed in 2004, is a major milestone in the history of mathematics.
Grand Traverse College
Grand Traverse College, latter known as Benzonia College, was a private college at Benzonia, Michigan, United States, during the 19th century.

The college was patterned after the model of Olivet College and Oberlin College.  It opened in 1858 and offered primarily college preparatory and teacher training curriculum.  In 1891 it changed its name to Benzonia College. It stopped offering college courses in 1900 but continued as Benzonia Academy to offer college preparatory courses until 1918.

University of Olivet
The University of Olivet, formerly known as Olivet College, is a private Christian college in Olivet, Michigan, United States. The college is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. It was founded in 1844 by missionaries from Oberlin College, and it followed Oberlin in becoming the second coeducational college or university in the United States.  The University of Olivet is affiliated with the United Church of Christ and the National Association of Congregational Christian Churches and stands in the Reformed tradition of Protestantism.
Nicholas Pooran
Nicholas Pooran ( /ˌpuːrɑːn/; born 2 October 1995) is a Trinidadian cricketer who represented the West Indies cricket team in limited overs formats till 2024 and served as the team's captain. He also competes domestically for Trinidad and Tobago and plays for the Lucknow Super Giants in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Pooran made his international debut for the West Indies in September 2016. In May 2022, he was appointed captain of the West Indies limited-overs team. He stepped down from the captaincy in November 2022. In June 2025, he announced his retirement from international cricket.

Guyana Amazon Warriors
The Guyana Amazon Warriors is a cricket team of the Caribbean Premier League based in Providence, Georgetown, Guyana. It represents Guyana in the league and was established in 2013 for the inaugural season.

The team plays home games at Providence Stadium in Guyana. They recruit players mainly from West Indian domestic teams. They have reached six CPL finals and won their first tournament in 2023.
Saxetbach
The Saxetbach is a mountain river south of Interlaken in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland. It is a left tributary of the river Lütschine. It flows through the village Saxeten and joins the Lütschine in Wilderswil. It forms a narrow ravine, the Saxetbach Gorge.

Ravine
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (Nevis), gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight).

A ravine is generally a fluvial slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterized by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial stream.
Patrick Cordier (mineralogist)
Patrick Cordier  (born February 1, 1961) is a mineralogist who uses experimental and numerical approaches to study the plasticity of geological materials. He has authored or co-authored over 200 articles in international scientific journals. He received the Dana Medal from the Mineralogical Society of America in 2016, and is currently a chief editor of the European Journal of Mineralogy. and a member ofInstitut Universitaire de France.

Institut Universitaire de France
The Institut Universitaire de France (IUF, Academic Institute of France), is a service of the French Ministry of Higher Education that annually distinguishes a small number of university professors for their research excellence, as evidenced by their international recognition. Only around 2% of French university faculty are members (active or honorary) of the IUF.
Dennis Mathiasen
Dennis Mathiasen (born 12 July 1981) is a Danish former handballer, who played most of his career for Danish Handball League side Skjern Håndbold, where he is considered an icon. He played for the club for 10 years, and was a part of the team as they won the EHF Challenge Cup in 2002 and 2003, the only two international titles for the club.

In 2010 he joined Ribe-Esbjerg HH on a half year loan in the Danish 1st Division. After the loan he joined the club permanently. In the 2011-12 season he was promoted with the team to the top division. He retired in 2013.

His brother, Ronnie Mathiassen, is also a handball player.

Skjern Håndbold
Skjern Handball (Danish: Skjern Håndbold)  is a handball club from Skjern, Denmark. Currently, Skjern Handball competes in the Danish Handball League, which they have won twice, in 1999 and in 2018.  They have also achieved international success, by winning the EHF Challenge Cup twice, in 2002 and 2003. The home arena of Skjern Håndbold is Skjern Bank Arena. This handball club has developed several professional handball players such as Kasper Søndergaard, Jesper Jensen, and Claus Møller Jakobsen.
Kim Kyung-jung
Kim Kyung-Jung (Korean: 김경중; born 16 April 1991) is a South Korean association football player who currently plays for Suwon Samsung Bluewings as a striker. He had represented the South Korea national under-20 football team and participated in the 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup.

South Korea national under-20 football team
The South Korea national under-20 football team (Korean: 대한민국 20세 이하 축구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea Republic by FIFA) represents South Korea in international youth football competitions and also can be managed as under-18 or under-19 team if necessary. South Korean under-20 team won twelve AFC U-20 Asian Cup (AFC Youth Championship) titles and reached the FIFA U-20 World Cup final once, both are the most successful results among Asian teams.
Wim Balm
Wim Balm (born 24 February 1960) is a retired Dutch footballer.

He played for Haarlem and Twente in his home country, then emigrated to Norway to play for SK Vard Haugesund. Staying in Norway, he later coached the women's team of SK Haugar.

FC Twente
Football Club Twente (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː ˈtʋɛntə]), sometimes known internationally as FC Twente Enschede, or simply Twente, is a Dutch professional football club from Enschede. The club was formed in 1965 by the merger of Enschedese Boys with Sportclub Enschede, the 1926 Dutch champions. Twente have won the Eredivisie once, the KNVB Cup three times, and the Johan Cruyff Shield twice. They also finished runners-up in the Eredivisie twice, and reached the 1975 UEFA Cup final, which they lost against Borussia Mönchengladbach.

Twente's home ground since 1998 is De Grolsch Veste. Since 2019, the team have played in the Eredivisie, the top division of Dutch football. The club takes its name from the region of Twente, the eastern part of Overijssel.
Ukuwela railway station
Ukuwela Railway Station (Sinhala: උකුවෙල දුම්රිය ස්ථානය) is a railway station on the Matale railway line of Sri Lanka. It is the 65th railway station on the line from Colombo Fort railway station and is located in the Matale District in the Central Province. It is 141.6 kilometres (88.0 mi) from the Colombo Fort Railway Station and 28 km (17 mi) from the Kandy Railway Station. The station was opened on 14 October 1880 following the construction of a branch line from Kandy to Matale.

Matale District
Matale District (Sinhala: මාතලේ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Tamil: மாத்தளை மாவட்டம்) is a district in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of 25 districts of Sri Lanka. The administrative capital and largest city of the district is Matale.

The district is considered to be the centremost region of the island and has a total area of 1,993 km2 (770 sq mi). It is in the northern part of the Central Province. Sharing borders with 6 other districts, the Matale district is bordered by Anuradhapura to the north, Polonnaruwa to the northeast, Badulla and Ampara to the east, Kurunegala to the west and Kandy to the south.
Freedomnomics
Freedomnomics: Why the Free Market Works and Other Half-Baked Theories Don't is a book by writer and public policy researcher John R. Lott, Jr., author of previous works More Guns, Less Crime and The Bias Against Guns. Freedomnomics takes an economic look at the effects of the free market, and presents some arguments against those found in Freakonomics by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. The publications The American and National Review ran positive reviews, with critic Robert VerBruggen stating that Lott "renders lots of charts, graphs and statistical analysis into clear, uncomplicated conversation."

In the book, Lott argues that right-to-carry laws in the U.S. have contributed to reduced rates of gun violence, that the public availability of abortion causes a rise of illegitimacy, and that female suffrage has led to government growth, among other viewpoints. Lott generally takes a conservative and libertarian perspective.

The American (magazine)
The American was an online magazine published by the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), a conservative think tank in Washington, D.C. The magazine's primary focus was the intersection of economics and politics. Previously known as The American: A Magazine of Ideas, it was published six times annually from November 2006 to December 2008.
Monaco at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Monaco competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France.

Julien Médecin won a bronze medal for architecture at the art competitions. However, the medals for art competition are not included in the official tally. Seven competitors, all men, took part in six events in four sports.

Julien Médécin
Julien Médécin (3 November 1894 – 26 January 1986) was a Monegasque architect. He won a bronze medal in Designs for Town Planning at the 1924 Olympics in Paris for his design of the stadium for Monte Carlo in Fonteville with a cycling track, a rugby and football pitch, and a nautical basin.
Campbell Harvey
Campbell Russell "Cam" Harvey (born June 23, 1958) is a Canadian economist, known for his work on asset allocation with changing risk and risk premiums and the problem of separating luck from skill in investment management. He is currently the J. Paul Sticht Professor of International Business at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business in Durham, North Carolina, as well as a research associate with the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He is Senior Fellow at the Oxford-Man Institute at the University of Oxford. He served as the 2016 president of the American Finance Association.

The Journal of Finance
The Journal of Finance is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Finance Association. It was established in 1946. The editor-in-chief is Antoinette Schoar. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 7.870, ranking it 6th out of 111 journals in the category "Business, Finance" and 16th out of 381 journals in the category "Economics".
Sahab Uddin Ahmed
Sahab Uddin Ahmed (born 12 March 1963 in Katarihara, Assam) is an All India United Democratic Front politician from Assam, India. He was elected to the Assam Legislative Assembly in the 2016 elections from Jaleswar constituency.

2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election
The Assam Legislative Assembly Election of 2016 was held in two phases, on 4 and 11 April 2016, to elect members of the 126 constituencies in Assam, a state in North-eastern India. The overall voter turnout was 84.72%, which set a new record for Assam. The turnout was an increase from the 2011 Assembly election figure of 75%.

The counting of votes and results declaration was completed on 19 May 2016. The election brought a change of power as the Indian National Congress (INC), which had formed the government under Tarun Gogoi since 2001, lost its majority to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP, lit "Indian People's Party") led by Sarbananda Sonowal. Sonowal became the first elected BJP chief minister in the Northeast, and his victory marked the start of other BJP victories in the Northeast, a region traditionally ruled by regional parties or the INC.
Julien Libeer
Julien Libeer (born October 1987 in Kortrijk) is a Belgian classical pianist. Libeer has won several awards for his compositions, and regularly performs his works at a variety of international stadiums. He is the host of Belgian television show Studio Flagey Klassik, a television show about classical music.

Queen Elisabeth Music Chapel
The Queen Elisabeth Music Chapel is a Belgian academic institution for artistic training of young musicians, which was created by Queen Elisabeth of Belgium and Eugène Ysaÿe. It is located in Waterloo, Belgium.
The Ideal Crash
The Ideal Crash is the third studio album by Belgian rock band dEUS, released in March 1999. The album was recorded in Spain, U.K. and Belgium and was mixed at Olympic Studios and includes the single "Instant Street", which became an underground hit in Europe. It was produced and mixed by David Bottrill.

The Ideal Crash was the first dEUS album to be directly released through a major label (Island Records) but it's also the only dEUS album that didn't get a US release. The album cover art is the first dEUS CD cover that does not feature a painting by ex-guitar player Rudy Trouvé.

Underground music
Underground music is music with practices perceived as outside, or somehow opposed to, mainstream popular music culture. Underground styles lack the commercial success of popular music movements, and may involve the use of avant-garde or abrasive approaches. Underground music may be perceived as expressing sincerity and creative freedom in opposition to those practices deemed formulaic or market-driven. Tying into broader anti-establishment themes, counterculture music can refer to a web of various nonconforming social groups that distinguish themselves from mainstream society.
Uncle Dave Macon House
The Uncle Dave Macon House is a historic house in Readyville, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built as a log cabin in 1843. It was purchased by country music performer Uncle Dave Macon in 1900. He resided there until his death in 1952. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 15, 1973.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Rutherford County, Tennessee
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Rutherford County, Tennessee.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 48 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, and six former listings.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 28, 2025.
Graham Greene bibliography
Graham Greene (1904–1991) was an English novelist regarded by many as one of the greatest writers of the 20th century.  Combining literary acclaim with widespread popularity, Greene acquired a reputation early in his lifetime as a major writer, both of serious Catholic novels, and of thrillers (or "entertainments" as he termed them). He was shortlisted, in 1966 and 1967, for the Nobel Prize for Literature. He produced 26 novels, as well as several plays, autobiographies, and short stories.

Catholic literary revival
The Catholic literary revival is a term that has been applied to a movement towards explicitly Catholic allegiance and themes among leading literary figures in France and England, roughly in the century from 1860 to 1960. This often involved conversion to Catholicism or a conversion-like return to the Catholic Church. The phenomenon is sometimes extended to the United States.
Tradus
TRADUS is a global B2B marketplace for used commercial vehicles and heavy machinery in the categories Transport, Construction, Farming and Material Handling. In addition to vehicles and machines, sellers can also offer spare parts and pre-owned equipment. The user base of TRADUS consists of buyers and sellers from over 40 countries. Integrated translation software makes it possible for sellers and buyers from these countries to communicate in their own language.

TRADUS is part of the OLX Group, a global product and tech company operating in more than 40 countries and employing more than 5,000 people worldwide.

Technology company
A technology company (or tech company) is a company that focuses primarily on the manufacturing, support, research and development of—most commonly computing, telecommunication and consumer electronics–based—technology-intensive products and services, which include businesses relating to digital electronics, software, optics, new energy, and Internet-related services such as cloud storage and e-commerce services. Big Tech refers to the 6 largest companies, both in the United States and globally, symbolized by the metonym 'Silicon Valley', where 4 of them are based.
Susanna Carson Rijnhart
Susanna "Susie" Carson Rijnhart, (later Moyes, 1868 – 1908) was a Canadian medical doctor, Protestant missionary, and Tibetan explorer. She was the second Western woman known to have visited Tibet, after Annie Royle Taylor.

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.
Abelardo Lafuente García-Rojo
Abelardo Lafuente García-Rojo (30 April 1871 in Fuentidueña de Tajo – 1931 in Shanghai) was a Spanish architect and entrepreneur who had his own studio in colonial Shanghai. Between 1913 and 1931 he was the only Spaniard to have an architect studio registered in the city; Lafuente collaborated with several contemporary architects. Lafuente blended the mozarabic and moorish styles from Spain into Chinese architecture. In 2009, the Spanish architect Álvaro Leonardo Pérez established the Lafuente Research Project. The findings of this project were first presented at the Shanghai World Expo in 2010 in collaboration with the Instituto Cervantes. The Lafuente Research Project is ongoing.

Mozarabic art and architecture
Mozarabic art is an early medieval artistic style that is part of the pre-Romanesque style and emerged in al-Andalus and in the kingdom of León. It's named after the Mozarabs (from musta'rab meaning "Arabized"), the Christians of al-Andalus. It was developed by the Hispanic Christians who lived in Arab-Muslim territory and in the expansion territories of the León crown, in the period from the Arab-Islamic Conquest of the Iberian Peninsula (711) to the end of the 11th century. During this period, disciplines such as painting, goldsmithing and architecture with marked Caliphate influences were cultivated in a context of medieval coexistence - Christian, Hebrew and Muslim - in which the territories were constantly changing in size and status. Other names for this artistic style are Leonese art or repopulation art.
Fagge baronets
The Fagge Baronetcy, of Wiston in the County of Sussex, is a title in the Baronetage of England.

The baronetcy was created on 11 December 1660 for John Fagge. He fought in the Civil War as a colonel in the Parliamentary Army and represented Rye, Sussex and Steyning in the House of Commons.The second Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Shoreham and Steyning. The third and fourth Baronet represented Steyning in Parliament. The Wiston estate was acquired by the first Baronet. On the death of the fourth Baronet in 1740 the estate passed to his sister Elizabeth, Lady Goring, wife of Sir Charles Goring, 5th Baronet (see Goring baronets).

Rye (UK Parliament constituency)
Rye was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Rye in East Sussex. It returned two Members of Parliament to the Parliament of England before 1707, Parliament of Great Britain until 1801 and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its representation was halved under the Reform Act 1832.

From the 1832 general election, Rye returned one Member of Parliament until its abolition for the 1950 general election, when the town of Rye itself was transferred to the redrawn Hastings constituency.

The constituency was re-created for the 1955 general election, and abolished again for the 1983 general election when it was largely replaced by the Bexhill and Battle parliamentary constituency.