hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nurlan Yermekbayev
Nurlan Baiuzakuly Yermekbayev (Kazakh: Нұрлан Байұзақұлы Ермекбаев, romanized: Nūrlan Baiūzaqūly Ermekbaev) is a Kazakh politician, diplomat and Lieutenant General in the Ground Forces who had been the Minister of Defense of Kazakhstan from 7 August 2018 to 31 August 2021. Ermekbaev's diplomatic rank is of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Jókai bean soup
Jókai bean soup (Jókai bableves) is a Hungarian bean soup. It  is a rich bean soup with many vegetables, smoked pork hock pieces and noodles. It is often made to be spicy or some sort of hot chili offered with it. Despite its richness it is served with sour cream on top and white bread, and this soup is a lunch or dinner in itself.

Sour cream
Sour cream (sometimes known as soured cream in British English) is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. The bacterial culture, which is introduced either deliberately or naturally, sours and thickens the cream. Its name comes from the production of lactic acid by bacterial fermentation, which is called souring. Crème fraîche is one type of sour cream with a high fat content and less sour taste.
Bagienice Szlacheckie
Bagienice Szlacheckie (Polish pronunciation: [baɡʲɛˈɲitsɛ ʂlaˈxɛtskʲɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasnosielc, within Maków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

Maków County
Maków County (Polish: powiat makowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Maków Mazowiecki, which lies 73 kilometres (45 mi) north of Warsaw. The only other town in the county is Różan, lying 20 km (12 mi) east of Maków Mazowiecki.

The county covers an area of 1,064.56 square kilometres (411.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 45,076, out of which the population of Maków Mazowiecki is 9,776, that of Różan is 2,709, and the rural population is 32,591.
Ivan Zabelin
Ivan Yegorovich Zabelin (Иван Егорович Забелин; 29 September 1820 – 13 January 1909) was a Russian historian and archaeologist with a Slavophile bent who helped establish the National History Museum on Red Square and presided over this institution until 1906. He was the foremost authority on the history of the city of Moscow and a key figure in the 19th-century Russian Romantic Nationalism.

Slavophilia
Slavophilia (Russian: славянофильство) was a movement originating from the 19th century that wanted the Russian Empire to be developed on the basis of values and institutions derived from Russia's early history. Slavophiles opposed the influences of Western Europe in Russia.  Depending on the historical context, the opposite of Slavophilia could be seen as Slavophobia (a fear of Slavic culture) or also what some Russian intellectuals (such as Ivan Aksakov) called zapadnichestvo (westernism).
Rude Records
Rude Records is an independent and international record label founded in 2000 and based in Milan, Italy. The label's artists are generally considered to fall under the genres of punk rock, pop punk, post-hardcore, and alternative rock. Over the years the company has signed agreements with various record labels, especially from the US, to handle promotion, marketing, and distribution of their releases in Europe. It has published over 150 albums by more than 60 artists.

Zebrahead
Zebrahead is an American rock band from La Habra, California, formed in 1996. The group's current line-up comprises rapper Ali Tabatabaee, bassist Ben Osmundson, drummer Ed Udhus, lead guitarist Dan Palmer and lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Adrian Estrella. Playing a style of music that merges elements of pop-punk and hip hop music, they have released thirteen studio albums.

The band was formed in 1996 by Tabatabaee, Osmundson and Udhus, as well as vocalist and rhythm guitarist Justin Mauriello and lead guitarist Greg Bergdorf. Mauriello departed from the group in 2004, following the release of the band's fifth studio album Waste of MFZB. His role was filled in 2005, with the addition of Matty Lewis, who made his debut on Broadcast to the World (2006). Bergdorf then departed from the group in 2013, being replaced by Palmer, who was first featured on Call Your Friends (2013). In 2021, Lewis left the band and was replaced by Estrella.
Forest Hill Formation
The Forest Hill Formation is a geologic formation in Mississippi. It preserves fossils  dating back to the Oligocene period, most notably a petrified forest, the Mississippi Petrified Forest. It is composed of loess, fine sand and clay, and some lignite coal.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Frederick-Ames EOS/SFA
The Frederick-Ames EOS/SFA was a single-seat sports aircraft designed in the United States in the 1970s with the intention of marketing it for homebuilding. It was a highly streamlined low-wing cantilever monoplane with swept flying surfaces and retractable tricycle undercarriage. Its construction was of metal throughout.

Originally named simply the Eos (for the Greek goddess of the dawn), it was shown at the 1973 EAA Fly-in at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, albeit in incomplete form. When finished, it crashed on its first flight due to an engine seizure, was extensively damaged, and abandoned as too expensive to repair. Nevertheless, the aircraft was rebuilt in 1978 and re-engined with a Volkswagen engine conversion. Plans to market the design were never realised. Two other examples are known to exist.

EAA AirVenture Oshkosh
EAA AirVenture Oshkosh (formerly the EAA Annual Convention and Fly-In), or just Oshkosh, is an annual air show and gathering of aviation enthusiasts held each summer at the Wittman Regional Airport and adjacent Pioneer Airport in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, United States. The southern part of the show grounds, as well as "Camp Scholler", are located in the town of Nekimi and a base for seaplanes is located on Lake Winnebago in the town of Black Wolf.

The airshow is arranged by the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), an international general aviation organization based in Oshkosh, and is the largest of its kind in the world. The show lasts a week, usually beginning on the Monday of the last full week in July. During the gathering, the airport's control tower, frequency 118.5, is the busiest in the world.
Bokhtar International Airport
Bokhtar International Airport (Tajik: Фурудгоҳи байналмилалии «Бохтар», romanized: Furudgohi Baynalmilalii Bohtar, Russian: Международный аэропорт «Бохтар»; ) is an international airport (IATA: KQT, ICAO: UTDT) five kilometers northeast of the city of Bokhtar (until 2018 was called Qurghonteppa), near the village of Levakant. Also known as Kurgan-Tyube, but after renaming the city of Kurgan-Tyube to Bokhtar, it changed its name in the same way. It is one of the four international airports in Tajikistan.

Levakant
Levakant (Russian: Левакант; Tajik: Левакант, Kalininabad (Калилининобод) until February 1996, Sarband (Сарбанд) until January 2018), is a city in south-west Tajikistan. It is part of Khatlon Region, located just east of the regional capital Bokhtar and about 120 km south of the national capital Dushanbe. The Golovnaya Dam on the river Vakhsh lies directly to its east.

Its population is estimated at 17,700 for the city proper and 48,300 for the city with the outlying communities (2020).

Levakant is home to Tajikistan's only fertilizer manufacturing plant, Tajik Azot.
Evesthes
Evesthes is an extinct genus of prehistoric largetooth flounder that lived during the Upper Miocene subepoch. It contains a single species, E. jordani (named after David Starr Jordan), that lived off the coast of what is now Southern California during the Tortonian stage. Articulated fossil remains are known from diatomite beds of the Monterey Formation near Lompoc, where they appear to be rather common. A second alleged species, E. hooveri Jordan in Jordan & Gilbert, 1920 is known from only fragmentary remains and is most likely synonymous with E. jordani.

Lompoc, California
Lompoc (/ˈlɒmpoʊk/ LOM-poke; Chumashan Purisimeño: lumpo'o̥) is a city in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. Located on the Central Coast, its population was 43,834 as of July 2021.

Lompoc has been inhabited for thousands of years by the Chumash people, who called the area lumpo'o̥, meaning 'lagoon' in the local Purisimeño language. The Spanish called the area Lompoco after Fermín de Lasuén had established Misión La Purísima in 1787. In 1837, the Mexican government sold the area as the Rancho Lompoc land grant. After the U.S. conquest of California, multiple settlers acquired the Lompoc Valley, including William Welles Hollister, who sold the land around the mission to the Lompoc Valley Land Company, which established a temperance colony that incorporated in 1888 as Lompoc. Lompoc is often considered a military town because it is near Vandenberg Space Force Base.
Mal O'Hara
Malachai O'Hara (born 28 July 1979) is a Northern Irish politician, activist and community worker who has been the leader of the Green Party Northern Ireland since August 2022, having previously served as deputy leader from 2019 to 2022. O'Hara was a Belfast City Councillor for the Castle electoral area from 2019, until 2023. In 2024, he was elected unopposed to Seanad Éireann, in a by-election to the Administrative Panel.

Administrative Panel
The Administrative Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Administrative Panel elects seven senators.
6th Duke of Connaught's Royal Canadian Hussars
The 6th Duke of Connaught's Royal Canadian Hussars was a light cavalry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). First formed in 1855 as an independent cavalry troop, in 1879 it became a full regiment and was the oldest cavalry regiment in Montreal. In 1958, the regiment was amalgamated with the 17th Duke of York's Royal Canadian Hussars to form The Royal Canadian Hussars (Montreal).

Non-Permanent Active Militia
The Non-Permanent Active Militia (NPAM) was the military reserve force of Canada from 1855 to 1940. It was composed of several dozen infantry battalions (redesignated as regiments in 1900) and cavalry regiments. After the withdrawal of British forces from Canada during the turn of the 20th century, supporting corps were created in Canada as part of both the PAM and the NPAM.
Cayesh
Cayesh is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 5,721 metres (18,770 ft) high. It is located between Huaraz and Huari provinces in Ancash. Cayesh lies at the head of the Cayesh valley, northwest of Artisa and southeast of Andavite.

Huaraz Province
Huaraz is one of twenty provinces of the Ancash Region in Peru. It was created on August 5, 1857, during the presidency of Ramón Castilla.  Geographically, the province is located over the Callejón de Huaylas and the western slopes of the Cordillera Negra.

The Regional Museum of Archaeology is located in the Huaraz district. Some other highlights of the province are the Pumacayán hill, the hot springs of Monterrey (at 6 km or 4 mi from the city) and the Willkawain archaeological sites, at 13 kilometres (8 mi) to the north of Huaraz, in village of Paria, in the Independencia district.
2005 GP Ouest-France
The 2005 GP Ouest-France was the 69th edition of the GP Ouest-France cycle race and was held on 28 August 2005. The race started and finished in Plouay. These are the results, in which American George Hincapie edged out AG2R's Alexandre Usov.

Decathlon CMA CGM Team
Decathlon CMA CGM (UCI team code: DCT) is a French cycling team with UCI WorldTeam status. Its title sponsors are French sporting goods retailer Decathlon and French shipping and logistics company CMA CGM. The team is predominantly French.
Adiantum gertrudis
Adiantum gertrudis is a threatened species of ferns in the Vittarioideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae that occurs in central South America. One locus of occurrence of A. gertrudis is within central Chile at the La Campana National Park. A morphological trait unique to A. gertrudis is the hairs covering its fronds.

La Campana National Park
La Campana National Park is in the Cordillera de la Costa, Quillota Province, in the Valparaíso Region of Chile. La Campana National Park and the Vizcachas Mountains lie northwest of Santiago. This national park covers approximately 80 square kilometres (31 sq mi) and is home to one of the last palm forests of Jubaea chilensis (Chilean Wine Palm), which prehistorically had a much wider distribution than at present. Another attraction is the Cerro La Campana, which lends its name to the park. In 1834 Charles Darwin climbed this mountain, during the second voyage of HMS Beagle.

In 1984, the park, along with Lago Peñuelas National Reserve, was designated by UNESCO as a Biosphere Reserve.
Princess Elisabeth Charlotte of Anhalt-Harzgerode
Elizabeth Charlotte of Anhalt-Harzgerode (11 February 1647 – 20 January 1723) was a Princess of Anhalt-Harzgerode by birth and by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Köthen and later Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg.

Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg
The sub-duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg emerged as a collateral line of the House Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg. The region of Nordborg (also: Norburg or Nordburg) is on the island of Als.
Lucien M. Turner
Lucien McShan Turner (c. 1848–1909) was an American ethnologist and naturalist.

Turner was born in about 1848. He enlisted into Army Signal Corps where he collected species that had to do with ethnology and natural history, which he kept at the Smithsonian Institution. From 1874 to 1877, he was a meteorological observer for the Alaskan Signal Service at St. Michael. From 1878 to 1881, he trained volunteers for the service on the Aleutian Islands. A year later, he was sent to Fort Chimo as an observer where he remained until his return to Washington (DC) in 1884. He died in 1909.

United States Army Signal Corps
The United States Army Signal Corps (USASC) is a branch of the United States Army responsible for creating and managing communications and information systems for the command and control of combined arms forces. It manages new technologies and portfolios that are eventually transferred to other U.S. government entities; such responsibilities include military intelligence, weather forecasting, and aviation.
Ryś, Łódź Voivodeship
Ryś [rɨɕ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sokolniki, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Sokolniki, 18 km (11 mi) east of Wieruszów, and 91 km (57 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów County
Wieruszów County (Polish: powiat wieruszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieruszów, which lies 106 kilometres (66 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 576.22 square kilometres (222.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,336, out of which the population of Wieruszów is 8,759 and the rural population is 33,577.
Jim Jarvis
James C. Jarvis (born March 3, 1943) is an American former basketball player and coach. He played professionally in the American Basketball Association (ABA) and later coached at the NCAA Division I level for the University of Idaho.

Idaho Vandals men's basketball
The Idaho Vandals men's basketball team represents the University of Idaho, located in Moscow, Idaho, in NCAA Division I basketball competition. They currently compete in the Big Sky Conference. The Vandals are coached by Alex Pribble and play home games at the new Idaho Central Credit Union Arena, which opened in 2021. The Vandals have appeared four times in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 1990.

The program's two most notable seasons were in 1962–63 and 1981–82. The Vandals went 20–6 in 1963 and featured future hall of famer Gus Johnson. The 1982 team (27–3) was ranked sixth in both polls at the end of the regular season, repeated as regular season and conference tournament champions, and reached the Sweet Sixteen of the NCAA tournament.
Plaza de Sol y Sombra
Plaza de Sol y Sombra is a bull ring in Lima, Peru. It is currently used for bull fighting. The stadium held 10,000 people and was built in 1982. It was announced in April 2022 that a new arena would open the following month on May 22.

Bullring
A bullring is an arena where bullfighting is performed. Bullrings are often associated with the Iberian Peninsula, but they can also be found through Iberian America and in a few Spanish and Portuguese ex-colonies in Africa. Bullrings are often historic and culturally significant centres that bear many structural similarities to the Roman amphitheatre.
Geoff Courtnall
Geoffrey Lawton Courtnall (born August 18, 1962) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1983 to 2000. He was the head coach of the Victoria Grizzlies of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) and for the Victoria Vikes of the British Columbia Intercollegiate Hockey League (BCIHL).

British Columbia Intercollegiate Hockey League
The British Columbia Intercollegiate Hockey League (BCIHL) is a university ice hockey league based in British Columbia. The BCIHL was created with the purpose of offering a venue for competitive, high-calibre hockey for players beyond their junior hockey careers. Teams play a 24-game regular season schedule, with the top four teams qualifying for the playoffs consisting of a best-of-three semifinal round, and a best-of-three championship series. Prior to 2012 the championship had been decided through a round-robin tournament.

The league operates as one of two Division 2 leagues in Canada when compared to the Division 1 U Sports league, the other being Alberta's ACAC. BCIHL teams, however, regularly play U Sports and NCAA teams.
College Mall
College Mall is a regional shopping mall located in Bloomington, Indiana. This is home to Indiana University's flagship campus. The mall's anchor stores are Dick's Sporting Goods and Target. The mall also features a Fresh Thyme Farmers Market (with no interior entrance) and an Ulta Beauty.

Ulta Beauty
Ulta Beauty, Inc., formerly known as Ulta Salon, Cosmetics & Fragrance Inc. and before 2000 as Ulta3, is an American chain of cosmetic stores headquartered in Bolingbrook, Illinois. Ulta Beauty carries both high- and low-end cosmetics, fragrances, nail products, bath and body products, beauty tools and haircare products. Each location has a beauty salon available to the public.
16th New Brunswick Legislature
The 16th New Brunswick Legislative Assembly represented New Brunswick between October 19, 1854, and May 30, 1856.

The assembly sat at the pleasure of the Governor of New Brunswick John Henry Thomas Manners-Sutton.

Daniel Hanington was chosen as speaker for the house.

John Manners-Sutton, 3rd Viscount Canterbury
John Henry Thomas Manners-Sutton, 3rd Viscount Canterbury GCMG KCB (27 May 1814 – 24 June 1877), styled The Hon. John Manners-Sutton between 1814 and 1866 and Sir John Manners-Sutton between 1866 and 1869, was a British Tory politician and colonial administrator.
President of Poland
The president of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Polski [ˈprɛ.zɘ.dɛnt ˈpɔl.ski]), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (Prezydent RP)code: pol promoted to code: pl ), is the head of state of Poland. The president's prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Lynn Bottoms
Lynn Bottoms (July 2, 1933 – December 22, 1995) was a Canadian defensive back and halfback who played in the Canadian Football League from 1954 to 1963.

A graduate of the University of Washington, signed with his hometown Calgary Stampeders in 1954. He won the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy for best Canadian rookie in the west, with 379 yards rushing and 368 yards receiving, and one interception returned for a touchdown. He led the Stamps in rushing yards in 1955, with 402, and in his 10 years rushed for 1560 yards, caught 96 passes, and had 12 interceptions. In 1960 he was traded to the Toronto Argonauts, playing 40 regular season games and 5 playoff games. Though not an All-Star, Bottoms represented the West in three Shrine Game all-star games. He died on December 22, 1995, of a heart infection.

Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy
The Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy is a Canadian Football League award, given to the most outstanding Canadian player in the West Division.  Each team nominates a player for this award, from which the winner is chosen.  Either the winner of this trophy or the winner of the Lew Hayman Trophy will also win the Canadian Football League Most Outstanding Canadian award.

The Martin trophy is named after former Saskatchewan Roughriders president Beattie Martin.  Originally presented in 1949, it served as the Western Interprovincial Football Union's award for the outstanding Canadian rookie until 1974.  As part of the failed American expansion, the Martin trophy was awarded in 1995 to the North Division's outstanding Canadian.