hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sea-based X-band radar
The Sea-Based X-band radar (SBX-1) is a floating, self-propelled, mobile active electronically scanned array early-warning radar station designed to operate in high winds and heavy seas. It was developed as part of the United States Department of Defense Missile Defense Agency's (MDA) Ballistic Missile Defense System.

The radar is mounted on a fifth-generation CS-50 twin-hulled semi-submersible oil platform. Conversion of the vessel was carried out at the AmFELS yard in Brownsville, Texas; the radar mount was built and mounted on the vessel at the Kiewit yard in Ingleside, Texas. It is nominally based at Adak Island in Alaska but has spent significant time at Pearl Harbor in test status.

Semi-submersible platform
A semi-submersible platform is a specialised marine vessel used in offshore roles including as offshore drilling rigs, safety vessels, oil production platforms, and heavy lift cranes. They have good ship stability and seakeeping, better than drillships.
NCAT Pavement Test Track
The NCAT Pavement Test Track is an oval-shaped track in Lee County, Alabama, 1.7 miles (2.7 km) long, used for testing experimental asphalt pavements. It is managed by the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT), the largest asphalt research center in the western hemisphere and a cooperative venture between the National Asphalt Pavement Association's (NAPA) Research and Education Foundation and Auburn University.

In 2003, the project was inducted into the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame following the initial 2000 research cycle. The track has continued operations in subsequent research cycles.

Lee County, Alabama
Lee County is a county located in east central Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 174,241. The county seat is Opelika, and the largest city is Auburn. The county was established in 1866 and is named for General Robert E. Lee (1807–1870), who served as General in Chief of the Armies of the Confederate States in 1865. Lee County comprises the Auburn-Opelika, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Columbus-Auburn-Opelika, GA-AL Combined Statistical Area.
IJmuiden
IJmuiden (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛiˈmœydə(n)]) is a port town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is the main town in the municipality of Velsen which lies mainly to the south-east. Including its large sea locks, it straddles the mouth of the North Sea Canal to Amsterdam. To the south it abuts a large reserve of plant-covered dunes, the Zuid-Kennemerland National Park. The town is on the south bank; the north bank is otherwise a steel plant and Velsen-Noord.

It is 10 kilometres (6 mi) north northwest of Haarlem which is 18 kilometres (11 mi) due west of Amsterdam.

The port is a deepwater port suited to fully laden Panamax ships, and the fourth port of the Netherlands.

The internal capitalization within IJmuiden as IJ is a digraph in modern Dutch with an exceptional spelling convention. Also, in some typefaces, IJ is recognised as a ligature and is placed in one typed or handwritten space.

Ligature (writing)
In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined to form a single glyph. Examples are the characters ⟨æ⟩ and ⟨œ⟩ used in English and French, in which the letters ⟨a⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the first ligature and the letters ⟨o⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the second ligature. For stylistic and legibility reasons, ⟨f⟩ and ⟨i⟩ are often merged to create ⟨ﬁ⟩ (where the tittle on the ⟨i⟩ merges with the hood of the ⟨f⟩); the same is true of ⟨s⟩ and ⟨t⟩ to create ⟨ﬆ⟩. The common ampersand, ⟨&⟩, developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨t⟩ (spelling et, Latin for 'and') were combined.
Dendrosida
Dendrosida is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae.

Its native range is Southern Mexico, Colombia to Venezuela.

Species:

Dendrosida batesii J.E.Fryxell

Dendrosida breedlovei Fryxell

Dendrosida cuatrecasasii Fuertes

Dendrosida oxypetala (Triana & Planch.) Fryxell

Dendrosida parviflora Fryxell

Dendrosida sharpiana (Miranda) J.E.Fryxell

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
The Throne of Saturn (short story collection)
The Throne of Saturn is a collection of science fiction short stories by British author S. Fowler Wright. It was released in 1949 and was the author's first American book and his only collection published by Arkham House.  It was released in an edition of 3,062 copies.

The book is an expansion of The New Gods Lead published by Jarrolds in 1932 by the addition of two stories.

The Jarrold Group
The Jarrold Group is a Norwich–based company, founded as Jarrold & Sons Ltd, in 1770, by John Jarrold, at Woodbridge, Suffolk, before relocating to Norfolk in 1823. The Jarrold Group still involves members of the Jarrold family.
Gambit (forum)
Gambit was a special interest group for those in the gambling and gaming (used here as a synonym for gambling) industries.

The Steering Committee was led by Dr. Stefan Szymanski, Associate Dean, MBA Programs, Cass Business School and a Cass Executive MBA alumnus, Gareth Wong and included senior executives, regulators and editors.

Bayes Business School
Bayes Business School, formerly known as Cass Business School, is the business school of City St George's, University of London, located in Finsbury in the London Borough of Islington, just to the north of the City of London. It was established in 1966.

Bayes Business School is divided into the three faculties of actuarial science and insurance, finance, and management. It awards BSc (Hons), MSc, MBA, and PhD degrees and is one of around 100 schools globally to be triple accredited by the AMBA in the United Kingdom, EQUIS in Europe, the AACSB in the United States and the Triple accreditation.
Castel Nuovo
Castel Nuovo (Italian: [kaˌstɛl ˈnwɔːvo]; Neapolitan: Castiello Nuovo; 'New Castle'), often called Maschio Angioino (Italian: [ˈmaskjo andʒoˈiːno]; Neapolitan: Maschio Angiuino; 'Angevin Keep'), is a medieval castle located in front of Piazza Municipio and the city hall (Palazzo San Giacomo) in central Naples, Campania, Italy. Its scenic location and imposing size makes the castle, first erected in 1279, one of the main architectural landmarks of the city. It was a royal seat for kings of Naples, Aragon and Spain until 1815.

It is the headquarters of Società Napoletana di Storia Patria ("Neapolitan Society of Homeland History") and of the Naples Committee of the Istituto per la storia del Risorgimento italiano (Institute for the History of the Italian Risorgimento). In the complex there is also the civic museum, which includes the Palatine Chapel and the museum paths on the first and second floors.

Neapolitan language
Neapolitan (autonym: ('o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano) is a Romance language of the Southern Italo-Romance group spoken in most of continental Southern Italy. It is named after the Kingdom of Naples, which once covered most of the area, and the city of Naples was its capital. On 14 October 2008, a law by the Region of Campania stated that Neapolitan was to be protected.

While the language group is native to much of continental Southern Italy or the former Kingdom of Naples, the terms Neapolitan, napulitano or napoletano may also instead refer more narrowly to the specific variety spoken natively in the city of Naples and the immediately surrounding Naples metropolitan area and Campania region. The present article mostly deals with this variety, which enjoys a certain degree of prestige and has historically wide written attestations.
Lemsford Springs
Lemsford Springs is a 4 hectare nature reserve in Lemsford, Hertfordshire, England. It is managed by the Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust, which purchased the site in 1970. Notable for its lagoons, the site is in the Lea valley and its other habitats are meadow, hedgerows, marsh and willow woodland. The spring feeds the nearby River Lea.

Before becoming a nature reserve, the site was used as a watercress bed. Its lagoons are fed by springs, so they never freeze over and provide an important habitat for birds in cold winters. There are two bird hides, and birds which can be seen include water rails, snipe and green sandpipers. Green sandpipers are migratory; a colour ringing project has revealed information about the travels of the Lemsford population including their breeding sites in Scandinavia.

There are also water shrews and around fifty species of water snails.

The reserve is kept locked and access can be arranged with the Wildlife Trust warden.

Common snipe
The common snipe (Gallinago gallinago, formerly also known as Gallinago cælestis) is a small, stocky wader native to the Old World, where it breeds in marshes, bogs, tundra and wet meadows. It is usually shy and well-camouflaged, foraging in soft mud mainly for insects and earthworms but also some plant material. During courtship, males perform a "winnowing" display; flying high in circles and then taking shallow dives to produce a "drumming" sound by vibrating the tail feathers.
Saasveld Forestry College
Saasveld Forestry College is a South African college for the training of foresters, situated on the Garden Route in the Western Cape between George and Knysna. Before moving to its present location in 1932, it was located at Tokai, Cape Town.

Built on a rise between the Outeniqua Mountains and the Indian Ocean, the college commands sweeping views of fynbos-covered mountains  and indigenous high forest. Between 1932 and 1985, it trained about 1300 foresters who were subsequently employed by the State and private companies such as Mondi and Sappi.

George, South Africa
George is a city in South Africa, and the second largest city in the Western Cape province. The city is a popular holiday and conference centre, as well as the administrative and commercial hub and the seat of the Garden Route District Municipality. It is named after the British Monarch George III.

The city is situated roughly halfway between Cape Town and Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth) on the Garden Route. It is situated on a 10-kilometre plateau between the Outeniqua Mountains to the north and the Indian Ocean to the south. The former township of Pacaltsdorp, now a fully incorporated suburb, lies to the south.

George is well-known for being the burial place of former South African Prime Minister and President P. W. Botha.
Checleset Bay
Checleset Bay is a bay on the northwest coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It is located southeast of Brooks Peninsula and northwest of Kyuquot Sound. Much of the land around the bay is part of Brooks Peninsula Provincial Park. Checleset Bay has three large inlets, Nasparti Inlet, Ououkinsh Inlet, and Malksope Inlet.

Maritime fur trade
The maritime fur trade, a ship-based fur trade system, focused largely on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Alaska Natives. Entrepreneurs also exploited fur-bearing skins from the wider Pacific (from, for example, the Juan Fernández fur seal) and from the Southern Ocean.

The trade mostly serviced the market in Qing China, which imported furs and exported tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and in the United States.
Nicholas Blake (Dominican)
Nicholas Blake (fl. 1698–1702) was a member of the Dominican Order.

Blake was a member of one of the families called the Tribes of Galway, and was part of the Dominican community expelled from the Claddagh, near the town of Galway, in 1698.

In 1702 he returned with two fellow Dominicans, Prior Gregory French and Fr. Daniel MacDonnell. Due to the Penal Laws and their earlier expulsion, any one of them could be deported if arrested. Blake escaped, but his companions were captured. French was expelled and died in Italy, McDonnell died in 1707 in Galway.

Blake "expressed his loneliness in a poem in classical Latin" called "Here Lone I Live". It is a very rare example of a poem of this genre from the west of Ireland in the 18th century.

Penal law (British)
In English history, the penal laws were a series of laws that sought to enforce the State-decreed religious monopoly of the Church of England and, following the 1688 revolution, of Presbyterianism in Scotland, against the continued existence of illegal and underground communities of Catholics, nonjuring Anglicans, and Protestant nonconformists. The Penal laws also imposed various forfeitures, civil penalties, and civil disabilities upon recusants from mandatory attendance at weekly Sunday services of the Established Church. The penal laws in general were repealed in the early 19th-century due to the successful activism of Daniel O'Connell for Catholic Emancipation. Penal actions are civil in nature and were not English common law.
Baron St Oswald
Baron St Oswald, of Nostell in the West Riding of the County of York, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1885 for the industrialist and Conservative politician Rowland Winn, a former Member of Parliament for North Lincolnshire. His son, the second Baron, represented Pontefract in the House of Commons. His grandson, the fourth Baron, held junior ministerial positions in the Conservative administrations of Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home and also sat as a Member of the European Parliament. As of 2017 the title is held by the latter's nephew, the sixth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1999.

The family seat is Nostell Priory, near Crofton, West Yorkshire. The house was handed over to the National Trust in 1953 but is still the home of the Barons St Oswald.

Conservative government, 1957–1964
The Conservative government of the United Kingdom that began in 1957 and ended in 1964 consisted of three ministries: the first Macmillan ministry, second Macmillan ministry, and then the Douglas-Home ministry. They were respectively led by Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home, who were appointed by Queen Elizabeth II.
London Racers
The London Racers was a British ice hockey club based in London, England formerly members of the Elite Ice Hockey League. Although founded in 2003, it claimed to be a successor of the Harringay Racers club established in 1936. Due to a lack of suitable ice facility the club suspended its team operations part way through the 2005–06 season. It was the last professional ice hockey club to play in London.

Cardiff Devils
The Cardiff Devils (Welsh: Diawliaid Caerdydd) are a Welsh professional ice hockey team who play in the UK-based Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). The team plays at the Vindico Arena in Cardiff Bay.

Cardiff's most recent trophy was the 2025 IIHF Continental Cup title.
Torre Water Catchment
The Torre Water Catchment, also known as the Hatsuho Water Catchment, is located on what is now Hatsuho Golf Course in Yigo (Piga), Guam.  It is a historic site that was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1994.  The catchment has an octagonal-shaped exterior made of concrete around limestone gravel and cobbles and has a plastered cylindrical interior.  It is 5.19 metres (17.0 ft) in diameter and its walls vary from .27 to .46 meters thick.  It was built in approximately 1916 by a farmer, Juan dela Torre, to provide water when needed, in a northern area of Guam that is far from regular water supplies.

Cobblestone
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally occurring rounded forms less uniform in size.

It has been used across various cultures for millennia, particularly in Europe, and became especially prominent during the medieval and early modern periods. Today, cobblestone streets are often associated with historic preservation and are used in many cities to maintain the historical character of certain neighborhoods.
CBBC Summer Social
The CBBC Summer Social was an outdoor festival organised by the British children's television channel CBBC, aimed at children, which took place on the weekend of 3–4/5 August 2018. The festival was held at Croxteth Hall, Liverpool, and includes performances from performers such as Union J, HRVY, Mackenzie Ziegler and Matt Terry. Plans for the festival in 2018, the first of its kind organised by the BBC, were revealed on 27 March 2018, with the venue and some of the acts scheduled to appear announced on that day.

A second Summer Social event was held from 3 to 4 August 2019. Summer Social did not take place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. No future Summer Social events have been announced as of 2024.

Matt Terry
Matthew James Terry (born 20 May 1993) is an English singer and songwriter. In 2016, he was crowned as the winner of the thirteenth series of The X Factor. His debut single, "When Christmas Comes Around", which was released on 11 December 2016, peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart. His debut album, Trouble was released on 24 November 2017 and charted at 29 on the UK Albums Chart.
Marcel-François Richard
Marcel-François Richard (9 April 1847, Saint-Louis-de-Kent, New Brunswick - 18 June 1915, Rogersville, New Brunswick) was a Roman Catholic priest and a Canadian educator. He played an important part in the development of the Acadian people.

Saint-Louis-de-Kent, New Brunswick
Saint-Louis-de-Kent is a former village in Kent County, New Brunswick, Canada. It held village status prior to 2023 and is now part of the town of Beaurivage.

Often shortened to simply Saint-Louis, the village is situated on the Kouchibouguacis River at the main entrance to Kouchibouguac National Park. It is considered as the birthplace of the Acadian Flag. A local park, parc des forgeron, celebrates the birth of this flag in 1884.
Alte Burg (Altenstein)
The Alte Burg ("Old Castle") is an early medieval ringwork between Altenstein and Lichtenstein in the borough of Market Maroldsweisach in the Lower Franconian county of Haßberge in the province of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany.

Circular rampart
A circular rampart (German: Ringwall) is an embankment built in the shape of a circle that was used as part of the defences for a military fortification, hill fort or refuge, or was built for religious purposes or as a place of gathering.

The period during which these structures were built ranged from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages.
Area code 606
Area code 606 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan for the eastern half of south-central and the eastern part of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Cities and towns in the numbering plan area include Ashland, Morehead, Hazard, Middlesboro, Somerset, Stanford, London, Corbin, Greenup, Paintsville, Pikeville and Maysville. Most of its service area lies within the Kentucky region known as the Eastern Kentucky Coalfield. It runs along the entire length of the state's borders with Virginia and West Virginia.

Stanford, Kentucky
Stanford is a home rule-class city in Lincoln County, Kentucky, United States. It is one of the oldest settlements in Kentucky, having been founded in 1775. Its population was 3,487 at the 2010 census and an estimated 3,702 in 2024. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. Stanford is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Cathassach mac Máele Cáich
Cathassach mac Máele Cáich (died 682) or Cathassach mac Máele Dúin'  was a Dal nAraide king of the Cruthin. He was the son of Máel Cáich mac Scannail (died 666), a previous king. He ruled from 681 to 682.

In the 6th and 7th centuries the Dal nAraide were part of a confederation of Cruthin tribes in Ulaid and were the dominant members. Cathassach is styled king of the Cruthin in the annals.

British marauders were active around the turn of the 8th century. In 682 Cathassach fought with Britons at the Battle of Ráith Mór, east of Antrim, capital of the kingdom. Cathassach was slain as was another Cruthin king, Ultán son of Dícuill of the Latharna, modern County Antrim).

Larne
Larne (from Irish Latharna, pronounced [ˈl̪ˠahəɾˠn̪ˠə], the name of a Gaelic territory) is a town on the east coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland, with a population of 18,853 at the 2021 census. It is a major passenger and freight roll-on roll-off port. Larne is within the Mid and East Antrim Borough Council area. Together with parts of the neighbouring districts of Antrim and Newtownabbey and Causeway Coast and Glens, it forms the East Antrim constituency for elections to the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly. The civil parish is in the historic barony of Glenarm Upper.
Mountain Vista Governor's School
Mountain Vista Governor's School for Science, Math & Technology (commonly Mountain Vista or MVGS) is one of Virginia's 19 state-initiated governor's schools, serving primarily 10th, 11th, and 12th graders. The school is composed of two campuses, one each in Middletown, Virginia, United States and Warrenton, Virginia, United States. Admission is determined via an application process.

Tenth grade
Tenth grade (also 10th grade or Grade 10) is the tenth year of formal or compulsory education. It is typically the first year of high school. In some places, 10th grade is the second year of high school. In many parts of the world, students in tenth grade are usually 15 to 16 years of age.
Arash Estilaf
Arash Estilaf (Persian: آرش استیلاف), known as Hua Bobo (simplified Chinese: 华波波; traditional Chinese: 華波波; pinyin: Huà Bōbō), is an Iranian actor and television presenter active in China. His birth name is Mohammadjavad Estilaf. He was born in Tehran, Iran and moved to China when he was 17 years old.

Estilaf moved to Shanghai in 2006 and began studying Chinese at East China Normal University. He could speak Chinese after three months. He was a contestant in the first Chinese Bridge language competition for foreign students in 2008, and he finished in the top 10.

In 2010 he entered in the Shanghai Theatre Academy in a master's degree course in broadcasting and presenting, which he has now accomplished. He is now studying for a doctorate at the East China Normal University. Estilaf is fluent in Standard Mandarin and has made a name for himself on Chinese television with his humor. He can also speak Shanghainese and other languages like Korean and Russian.

East China Normal University
East China Normal University (ECNU) is a public university in Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education and co-funded with the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

It was formed in 1951 by the merger of the Great China University (est. 1924) and Kwang Hua University (est. 1925) and originated from the St. John's College founded in 1879. As of 2020, ECNU is organized into 22 schools, colleges, and institutes, located in two campuses throughout Minhang and Putuo.