hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loch Sealbhanach
Loch Sealbhanach is a freshwater loch in Glen Cannich, Scotland.

Sir John Murray recorded the loch as "Loch Sealbhag"  in his 1903 survey. This derives from the Scottish Gaelic sealbhag, meaning "sorrel" i.e. "Loch of the Sorrel". The change in name was likely due to a nearby farm named Sealbhanach (recorded by Murray as the Anglicised Shalavanach), meaning "herding-place" i.e. "Loch of the Herding Place". The change appears to have taken place on maps in the 1900s.

Mullardoch Cottage and Mullardoch House, part of Benula Sporting Estate, sit on the loch's western shore.

John Murray (oceanographer)
Sir John Murray KCB FRS FRSE FRSGS (3 March 1841 – 16 March 1914) was a pioneering Canadian-born British oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist. He is considered to be the father of modern oceanography.
Leonard Gibbs (musician)
Leonard William Gibbs Jr. (November 8, 1948 – September 15, 2021), also known as Doc Gibbs, was an American percussionist. Gibbs studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in the early 1970s. He toured with  Anita Baker, Whitney Houston, Bob James, Ricki Lee Jones, Al Jarreau, Grover Washington, Jr., Wyclef Jean, Erykah Badu, Eric Bennett, and James Poyser. He acquired the nickname "Doc" after suggesting herbal remedies to jazz saxophonist Grover Washington, Jr.

He headed the house band on the Food Network television show Emeril Live hosted by Emeril Lagasse, until it was cancelled in December 2007.

Gibbs died from prostate cancer on September 15, 2021, at the age of 72.

Emeril Live
Emeril Live is an American television cooking program that aired first on Food Network from October 6, 1997 to December 11, 2007, and then, on Fine Living and The Cooking Channel from July 7, 2008 to December 14, 2010.

On November 27, 2007, Food Network announced that it would cease production of "Emeril Live" on December 11, 2007. The show's final episode aired on that date. On May 20, 2008, the Fine Living Network announced that it would start airing Emeril Live, including never-before-seen episodes, beginning July 7, 2008. Emeril Live ended on December 14, 2010.
Infanta Maria Ana of Portugal (1843–1884)
Infanta Maria Ana of Portugal (Maria Ana Fernanda Leopoldina Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Carlota Antónia Júlia Vitória Praxedes Francisca de Assis Gonzaga; 21 August 1843 – 5 February 1884), also known as Maria Ana of Braganza, was a Portuguese infanta (princess).  Maria was the eldest surviving daughter of Queen Maria II of Portugal and her King consort, Ferdinand II of Portugal, a member of the House of Braganza.

Prince consort
A prince consort is the husband of a monarch who is not a monarch in his own right. In recognition of his status, a prince consort may be given a formal title, such as prince. Most monarchies do not allow the husband of a queen regnant to be titled as a king because it is perceived as a higher title than queen. However, some monarchies use the title of king consort for the role.
Warm Lake
Warm Lake is a 640-acre (260 ha) lake in Idaho, United States. It is located 26 miles (42 km) east of Cascade in Valley County, at 5,298 feet (1,615 m) above sea level. It is the largest natural lake in Boise National Forest.

The lake's abundance of wildlife makes it very popular for camping, fishing, and hunting. Large mammals present in the area include moose, mule deer, black bear, and elk. Large birds present in the area include bald eagles and osprey. The lake contains rainbow, brook, lake, and bull trout as well as mountain whitefish and Kokanee salmon.

There are two lodges at the lake, North Shore Lodge, which was established in 1936, and Warm Lake Lodge, which was established in 1911, and is home to the Banshee Irish Pub, the only medieval Irish Pub in America. The Forest Service operates three campgrounds around the lake.

Valley County, Idaho
Valley County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,746. The county seat is Cascade, and the largest city is McCall. Established in 1917, it was named after the Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River, which extends over 30 miles (50 km) from Payette Lake at McCall south to Cascade to Round Valley. The valley was formerly a summer pasture for livestock from the Boise Valley. Since the completion of the Cascade Dam in 1948, much of the northern valley has been covered by the Cascade Reservoir.

Valley County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.
2023 King's Birthday Honours (Australia)
The 2023 King's Birthday Honours for Australia was announced on 11 June 2023 by the Governor-General, David Hurley.

The Birthday Honours are appointments by some of the 15 Commonwealth realms of King Charles III to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The Birthday Honours are awarded as part of the King's Official Birthday celebrations during the month of June.

Public Service Medal (Australia)
The Public Service Medal (PSM) is a civil decoration awarded to Australian public servants (at all levels) for outstanding service. The PSM was introduced in 1989 and replaced the Imperial Service Order discontinued in Australia in 1975, supplementing the Order of Australia introduced that same year. Recipients of the Public Service Medal are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "PSM".

The medal is awarded twice each year by the Governor-General of Australia, on the nomination of the responsible Minister in each state or territory, and at the federal level. The total number of awards made each year must not exceed 100, further broken down into a quota for each government public service.
Sebastiano Vigna
Sebastiano Vigna (born 1967) is a professor of computer science at the University of Milan.  He created the xorshift+ and xoroshiro128+ pseudorandom number generators. Xorshift128+ is used in the JavaScript engines of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. In 1991, he received a laurea in Mathematics and in 1996 a Ph.D. in computer science; both from the University of Milan. He developed UbiCrawler, a web crawler, in a collaboration with others.

He worked extensively on graph algorithms such as HyperBall. He used this algorithm, together with researchers from Facebook and others, to compute the degrees of separation on the global Facebook network, which resulted in an average distance of 4.74.

Laurea
In Italy, the laurea is the main post-secondary academic degree. The name originally referred literally to the laurel wreath, since ancient times a sign of honor and now worn by Italian students right after their official graduation ceremony and sometimes during the graduation party. A graduate is known as a laureato, literally "crowned with laurel" and is awarded the title of dottore, or Doctor.
New Abbey
New Abbey is a village in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It is 6 miles (10 km) south of Dumfries. The summit of the prominent hill Criffel is 2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the south.

Criffel
Criffel is a hill in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire, Dumfries and Galloway, south-west Scotland. It is 570 m (1,870 ft) high but appears higher because of its great isolation and high prominence. It is a prominent feature in many of the views from the northern Lake District on a clear day. It is surrounded by a host of satellites, including Long Fell, Maidenpap and Bainloch Hill. The slopes of Criffel feature the upland vegetation of heather, bog cotton and blaeberry and are inhabited by skylarks. Loch Kindar sits at the foot of the hill.
Vladimír Mandl
Vladimír Mandl (20 March 1899 – 8 January 1941) was a Czech lawyer and university lecturer. He published works on a variety of topics in Czech, German, French and English, focusing especially on private and transportation law issues.

Mandl authored the first stand-alone treatise on space law in 1932. For this publication – which preceded the launch of Sputnik 1 by 25 years – he is considered by some to be the "father of space law".

Transport law
Transport law (or transportation law) is the area of law dealing with transport.  The laws can apply very broadly at a transport system level or more narrowly to transport things or activities within that system such as vehicles, things and behaviours.  Transport law is generally found in two main areas:

Legislation or statutory law passed or made by elected officials like Parliaments or made by other officials under delegation

Case law decided by courts

Legislation typically consists of statutes known as Acts and delegated legislation like regulations, orders or notices.  Case law consists of judgments, findings and rulings handed down by courts.
St. David's Memorial Church, Cave
St. David's Memorial Church is a historic building in the township of Cave, New Zealand. One of two memorial churches in South Canterbury recognising the runholders and shepherds of the Mackenzie country, it is registered with Heritage New Zealand as a Historic Place Category 1 building.

South Canterbury
South Canterbury is the area of the Canterbury Region of the South Island of New Zealand bounded by the Rangitata River in the north and the southern catchment boundary of the Waitaki River (the border with the Otago Region) to the south. The Pacific Ocean and ridge of the Southern Alps form natural boundaries to the east and west respectively. Though the exact boundaries of the region have never been formalised, the term is used for a variety of government agencies (e.g., the South Canterbury District Health Board) and other entities (such as the South Canterbury provincial rugby team). It is one of four traditional sub-regions of Canterbury, along with Mid Canterbury, North Canterbury, and Christchurch city.
Guild of Natural Science Illustrators
The Guild of Natural Science Illustrators (GNSI) is an international non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. to serve the field of visual science communication, including scientific illustration, medical illustration, and botanical illustration.

Technical illustration
Technical illustration is illustration meant to visually communicate information of a technical nature. Technical illustrations can be components of technical drawings or diagrams. Technical illustrations in general aim "to generate expressive images that effectively convey certain information via the visual channel to the human observer".

Technical illustrations generally have to describe and explain the subjects to a nontechnical audience. Therefore, the visual image should be accurate in terms of dimensions and proportions, and should provide "an overall impression of what an object is or does, to enhance the viewer’s interest and understanding".
W. C. Raftery
William Caulfield Raftery (July 28, 1887 – July 1, 1965) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach.  He was the 17th head football coach at Virginia Military Institute (VMI) located in Lexington, Virginia.  He held that position for ten seasons, from 1927 until 1936.
His career coaching record at VMI was 38–55–5. This ranks him fifth at VMI in total wins and 19th at VMI in winning percentage.

Raftery was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He studied law at Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia, where played college football as a quarterback in 1912 and 1913. He entered the pharmaceutical business in Ashland, Virginia in 1948, retiring in 1960. Raftery died on July 1, 1965, at his home in Ashland. He was buried in Lexington, Virginia.

Washington and Lee University
Washington and Lee University (Washington and Lee or W&L) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Virginia, United States. Established in 1749 as Augusta Academy, it is among the oldest institutions of higher learning in the US.

Washington and Lee's 325-acre campus sits at the edge of Lexington and abuts the campus of the Virginia Military Institute in the Shenandoah Valley region between the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Allegheny Mountains. The institution consists of three academic units: the college itself; the Williams School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics; and the School of Law. It hosts 24 intercollegiate varsity athletic teams which compete as part of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA Division III).
Priapea 68
Priapeia 68 or Priapea 68 is the sixty-eighth poem in the Priapeia, a collection of Latin poetry of uncertain authorship. The eighty poems lack a unified narrative, but share Priapus, an ithyphallic god of fertility worshiped in both Ancient Hellenic and Roman religions, as by turns a speaker and subject.

While the Priapeia's author is unknown, Franz Bücheler has claimed that the poems are Augustan in style, and probably were the work of a single writer in the circle of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus, a Roman general and art enthusiast who, "like other distinguished men of that age, occupied himself with amusements of this kind". Earlier traditions credited Vergil with the authorship of at least some of the Priapeia.

Phallus
A phallus (pl.: phalli or phalluses) is a penis (especially when erect), an object that resembles a penis or a mimetic image of an erect penis. In art history, a figure with an erect penis is described as ithyphallic.

Any object that symbolically—or, more precisely, iconically—resembles a penis may also be referred to as a phallus; however, such objects are more often referred to as being phallic (as in "phallic symbol"). Such symbols often represent fertility and cultural implications that are associated with the male sexual organ, as well as the male orgasm.
Horace Baker Log Cabin
The Horace Baker Log Cabin is a historic log cabin located near Carver, Oregon, United States. It was built around 1856 by American pioneer Horace Baker.

The cabin was later listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

American pioneer
American pioneers were predominantly European American settlers who had marched on westward from the British Thirteen Colonies and later the United States of America, to settle and develop areas of the nation within the continent of North America.

The pioneer concept and ethos greatly predate the settlement of the Western United States, with which they are commonly associated, and many places now considered "East" were settled by pioneers from even further east. For example, Daniel Boone, a key figure in U.S. history, settled in Kentucky, when that "Dark and Bloody Ground" was still undeveloped.

One important development in the Western settlement were the Homestead Acts, which provided formal legislation for settlers which regulated the settlement process with little to no concern for the existing inhabitants of the land. Pioneers also settled on land that was once inhabited by American Indian tribes.
V3 (group)
V3, also known as V Three, are an African-American all-female sister Christian R&B and urban contemporary gospel music trio, who primarily play contemporary R&B songs. They come from Atlanta, Georgia, where the group started making music in 2006. They have released a studio album, V3. This album was their breakthrough release on the Billboard magazine charts.

Urban contemporary gospel
Urban/contemporary gospel, also known as urban gospel music, urban gospel pop, or just simply urban gospel, is a modern subgenre of gospel music. Although the style developed gradually, early forms are generally dated to the 1970s, and the genre was well established by the end of the 1980s. The radio format is pitched primarily to African-Americans. Christian hip hop can be considered a subtype of this genre.
Buddy Rich Plays and Plays and Plays
Buddy Rich Plays and Plays and Plays is a big band jazz album recorded by Buddy Rich and released by RCA Records in 1977. The album also marked his last for the label. Plays and Plays and Plays was nominated for the Best Jazz Performance by a Big Band at the 20th Annual Grammy Awards in 1978, but lost to Prime Time by Count Basie.

20th Annual Grammy Awards
The 20th Annual Grammy Awards were held February 23, 1978, and were broadcast live on American television. They were hosted by John Denver and recognized accomplishments by musicians from the year 1977.
Bascom, Ohio
Bascom (/ˈbæskəm/ BAS-kəm) is a census-designated place in western Hopewell Township, Seneca County, Ohio. It has a post office with the ZIP code 44809 and hosts Hopewell-Loudon High School. The community is located at the intersection of State Routes 18 and 635 east of Fostoria. The population was 397 at the 2020 census.

Ohio State Route 18
State Route 18 (SR 18) is an east–west highway in northern Ohio. It is the sixth longest state route in the state.  Its western terminus is at the Indiana state line near Hicksville, where the route continues in Indiana as State Road 8, and its eastern terminus is at State Route 91 in Akron.
Meiron
Meiron (Arabic: ميرون, romanized: Mayrūn; Hebrew: מירון הקדומה, romanized: Merón haKdumá) was a Palestinian village, located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) west of Safad. Associated with the ancient Canaanite city of Merom, excavations at the site have found extensive remains from the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods. The remains include a 3rd-century synagogue, attesting to Meiron's prominence as a local religious centre.

From the 13th century CE onward, Meiron was a popular site for Jewish pilgrims. During Ottoman rule in Palestine, the population fluctuated considerably, with at least two-thirds of the population being Arab Muslims although landownership was split almost evenly between Arabs and Jews. The village was depopulated in two phases during the 1948 Arab–Israeli war. In 1949, demobilized soldiers founded the moshav of Meron in the region.

Prehistory of the Levant
The prehistory of the Levant includes the various cultural changes that occurred, as revealed by archaeological evidence, prior to recorded traditions in the area of the Levant. Archaeological evidence suggests that Homo sapiens and other hominid species originated in Africa (see hominid dispersal) and that one of the routes taken to colonize Eurasia was through the Sinai Peninsula desert and the Levant, which means that this is one of the most occupied locations in the history of the Earth. 
Not only have many cultures lived here, but also many species of the genus Homo. In addition, this region is one of the centers for the development of agriculture.
Town Planners Registration Council
The Town Planners Registration Council of Nigeria (TOPREC) is the government body established by General Ibrahim Babangida's regime through its Decree 3 of 1988 (the "Town Planners Registration Decree"), which became an Act of Parliament in 2004. The council was established to protect, regulate, and control the practice of the profession of urban and regional planning in all aspects throughout Nigeria.

The council inducted 321 newly registered town planners at its 29th induction training workshop in Abuja in 2016. The council in 2017 criticised how the resettlement of displaced persons affected by the Boko Haram insurgency in northeastern Nigeria was being handled by the federal government and the affected states. It claimed the operation was unplanned and poorly coordinated.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Ballynaclin
Ballynaclin is a townland in the civil parish of Mullingar in County Westmeath, Ireland.

The townland is located to the west of Mullingar town, and to the north of Ballinea. A section of the Royal Canal and the village of Shandonagh are located in the townland.

Ballinea
Ballinea or Ballina (Irish: Béal an Átha, meaning 'mouth of the ford'), is a village and townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is 5 km west of Mullingar town centre, on the R390 road. The Royal Canal flows through the village, with the Ballinea Bridge being used to cross to the western side.
Iles
Iles is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Iles (1914–1979), English footballer

Alex Iles, American musician

Bob Iles (born 1955), English footballer

Bradley Iles (born 1983), New Zealand golfer

Brian Iles, American animation writer

Clay Iles (1942–2026), British tennis player and coach

Edna Iles (1905–2003), English classical pianist

Elijah Iles (1796–1883), American pioneer and businessman

Francis Iles (1893–1971), English crime writer (real name: Anthony Berkeley Cox)

Greg Iles (1960–2025), American writer

James Iles (born 1990), English cricketer

Jeremy Iles (born 1957), environmental campaigner

Jon Iles (born 1954), English actor

Nikki Iles (born 1963), English musician

Ray K Iles, British scientist

Richard Iles (born 1962), English musician

Salim Iles (born 1975), Algerian swimmer

Sam Iles (born 1987), Australian footballer

Jon Iles
Jon Iles (born 17 May 1954 in Ripon, West Riding of Yorkshire) is an English actor who is best known for playing DC Mike Dashwood in The Bill from 1984 to 1992. He returned to the series in 1996, promoted to DS for the antiques squad. As well as a prolific stage career, Iles' other TV credits include To the Manor Born, The Dick Emery Show, Doctors, Crown Court, Law and Disorder, Never the Twain, Fresh Fields and Super Gran.

He now specialises in voiceover work for websites, training courses, documentaries, and company videos, working from a recording studio in Devon. In 2016, he voiced a character for the video game Enderal and in 2017, he voiced the UK TV campaign for the martial arts movie Blade of the Immortal.
1900 New York state election
The 1900 New York state election was held on November 6, 1900, to elect the governor, the lieutenant governor, the Secretary of State, the state comptroller, the attorney general, the state treasurer and the state engineer, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

Attorney General of New York
The attorney general of New York is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of New York and head of the Department of Law of the state government. The office has existed in various forms since 1626, originally established under the Dutch colonial government of New Netherland.

Democrat Letitia James currently serves as attorney general, in office since January 1, 2019.
The Illumination
The Illumination (pl: Iluminacja) is a 1973 Polish film written and directed by Krzysztof Zanussi. The film contains elements of Zanussi's "intellectual biography", as well as documentary elements, e.g., appearances of philosopher Władysław Tatarkiewicz (cast as himself).

Krzysztof Zanussi
Krzysztof Pius Zanussi (born 17 June 1939) is a Polish film and theatre director, producer and screenwriter. He is a professor of European film at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland where he conducts a summer workshop. He is also a professor at the Krzysztof Kieślowski Film School of the University of Silesia in Katowice.

He is the recipient of the Golden Lion at the 1984 Venice Film Festival for A Year of the Quiet Sun, the Jury Prize at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival for The Constant Factor as well as two Grands Prix at the 1977 and 2000 Gdynia Film Festival for Camouflage and Life as a Fatal Sexually Transmitted Disease, respectively.