hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poncelet Prize
The Poncelet Prize (French: Prix Poncelet) is awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. The prize was established in 1868 by the widow of General Jean-Victor Poncelet for the advancement of the sciences. It was in the amount of 2,000 francs (as of 1868), mostly for the work in applied mathematics. The precise wording of the announcement by the academy varied from year to year and required the work be "in mechanics", or "for work contributing to the progress of pure or applied mathematics", or simply "in applied mathematics", and sometimes included condition that the work must be "done during the ten years preceding the award."

Mechanics
Mechanics (from Ancient Greek  μηχανική (mēkhanikḗ) 'of machines') is the area of physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects may result in displacements, which are changes of an object's position relative to its environment.

Theoretical expositions of this branch of physics have their origins in Ancient Greece, for instance, in the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes (see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics). During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Christiaan Huygens, and Isaac Newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics.

In the 20th century the concepts of classical mechanics were challenged by new discoveries, leading to fundamentally new approaches including relativistic mechanics and quantum mechanics.
ISO 3166-2:AM
ISO 3166-2:AM is the entry for Armenia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Armenia, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for one city and ten regions. The city Yerevan is the capital of the country and has special status equal to the regions.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is AM, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Armenia. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Archdiocese of Mérida in Venezuela
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mérida (Latin: Archidioecesis Emeritensis in Venetiola) is a Latin Rite Metropolitan Archdiocese in western Venezuela.

Its cathedral archiepiscopal see is Catedral Basílica Menor de la Inmaculada Concepción de Mérida, a minor basilica located in the city of Mérida.
It also has the Minor Basilica of Santa Lucía, in Timotes town, Miranda, Mérida municipality.

Miranda Municipality, Mérida
Miranda is one of the 23 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Mérida and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 22,879.  The town of Timotes is the shire town of the Miranda Municipality.  The municipality is one of several in Venezuela named Miranda Municipality after the Venezuelan revolutionary and independence hero Francisco de Miranda.
Aruthu
Aruthu (transl. Never) is a 1976 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Ravi. The film stars Kamal Haasan, Sumithra, M. G. Soman and Kaviyoor Ponnamma in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan. The film was a remake of the Hindi film Khel Khel Mein.

M. G. Soman
M. G. Soman (28 October 1941 – 12 December 1997) was an Indian actor and former Indian Air Force officer who appeared in Malayalam films. He was among the actors who played leading roles in Malayalam cinema during the late 1970s and early 1980s. He also had some Tamil films to his credit, including Aval Oru Thodar Kathai. However, in the late 1980s and 1990s, he switched to character and villainous roles.
Geoffrey Cantor (historian)
Geoffrey N. Cantor (born 1943) is Emeritus Professor of the History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Leeds and Honorary Senior Research Associate at UCL Department of Science and Technology Studies at University College London. He has written about Michael Faraday, the wave theory of light and the responses of the Quaker and Jewish religions to science. With John Hedley Brooke he delivered the 1995–1996 Gifford Lecture at the University of Glasgow, which were subsequently published as Reconstructing Nature: The Engagement of Science and Religion  in 1998. He contributed to the SciPer Project, which researches the popularization of science in the periodicals of the 19th century, such as the Boy's Own Paper and Punch, and has lectured upon this subject at the Royal Institution in 2005.

Punch (magazine)
Punch, or The London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 1850s, when it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. Artists at Punch included John Tenniel who worked for the magazine from 1850 and was its chief cartoonist from 1864 to 1901. The editors took the anarchic puppet Mr Punch, of Punch and Judy, as their mascot—the character appears in many magazine covers—with the character also an inspiration for the magazine's name.

With its satire of the contemporary, social, and political scene, Punch became a household name in Victorian Britain. Sales of 40,000 copies a week by 1850 rose above 100,000 by 1910. After the 1940s, when its circulation peaked, it went into a long decline, closing in 1992. It was revived in 1996, but closed again in 2002.
Robert Blendu
Robert Blendu (born January 4, 1943) was a member of the Arizona State Senate from 2003 through 2009. He was first elected to the Senate in November 2002,: vii  and was re-elected twice, in 2004 and 2006.: vii : vii   In 2008 Blendu decided to not seek re-election to the Senate and ran for a seat in the Arizona House of Representatives in the same district.  However, he lost to Steve Montenegro and Jerry Weiers in the Republican primary.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
Islam in the Comoros
Islam is the largest religion in the Comoros. According to the 2025 estimate by the CIA World Factbook, roughly 98% of the population in the Comoros is Muslim. A strong majority of Muslims in the Comoros are Sunni belonging to Shafi'i school of jurisprudence.

Moroni, Comoros
Moroni (French pronunciation: [mɔʁɔni] ⓘ; Arabic: موروني, romanized:  Mūrūnī) is the largest city, national capital, and seat of the government of the Union of the Comoros, a sovereign archipelago nation in the Indian Ocean. Moroni means "at the river" (mroni in Shingazidja). Moroni is the capital of the semi-autonomous island of Ngazidja, the largest of the three main islands of the republic. The city's estimated population in 2003 was 41,557 residents. Moroni, which lies along the Route Nationale 1, has a port and several mosques such as the Badjanani Mosque.
Dorgan
Dorgan (Ó Deargáin) is an Irish surname, derived from dearg "red" (compare Craoibh Dearg). Notable people with the surname include:

Byron Dorgan (born 1942), United States senator from North Dakota

Howard Dorgan (1932–2012), American academic known for his research and writing on religion in Appalachia

Jerry Dorgan (1856–1891), American baseball player

Jim Dorgan (born 1930), Australian rules football player

John L. Dorgan (born 1879), known as Ike Dorgan, American boxing manager, and publicity manager for the Madison Square Garden, founding partner of The Ring magazine

Joseph "Joe" Dorgan (born 1975), American professional wrestler and personal trainer, best known as Johnny Swinger

Mike Dorgan (1853–1909), American baseball player

Patrick Dorgan, Danish singer

Richard W. Dorgan (1892–1953), American cartoonist

Seán Dorgan (born 1968), Irish politician

Tad Dorgan (1877–1929), American cartoonist

Theo Dorgan (born 1953), Irish poet, writer and lecturer

Richard W. Dorgan
Richard William Dorgan (September 24, 1892 – May 5, 1953) was an American cartoonist, writer, and illustrator. His first known published work appeared in The New York Call in 1913. A wide variety of his early work was published in The Broadside: A Journal for the Naval Reserve Force, 1918–1920.

He is remembered as the illustrator of Thorne Smith's first two novels, Biltmore Oswald (1918) and Out o' Luck (1919), as well as for his work as a columnist for Photoplay Magazine and newspaper artist in the 1920s and '30s.
Cherry Hill (amusement park)
Cherry Hill is a small campground/amusement park in Kaysville, Utah. The park opened for business on June 4, 1967 originally as just a campground. It later, based upon the popularity of it as a campsite, created some water attractions for its campers to enjoy in the summer season. It is mainly popular during the summer because of its main focus on water rides. The park also contains many other attractions such as miniature golf, a ball pit for kids, Basketball on Trampolines, a rock climbing wall, Jungle Gym, a Jungle Themed Maze and weekend concerts.

Maze
A maze is a path or collection of paths, typically from an entrance to a goal.  The word is used to refer both to branching tour puzzles through which the solver must find a route, and to simpler non-branching ("unicursal") patterns that lead unambiguously through a convoluted layout to a goal. The term "labyrinth" is generally synonymous with "maze", but can also connote specifically a unicursal pattern. The pathways and walls in a maze are typically fixed, but puzzles in which the walls and paths can change during the game are also categorised as mazes or tour puzzles.
2020 Maia Challenger – Doubles
Andre Begemann and Daniel Masur were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Begemann partnered Albano Olivetti but lost in the semifinals to Lloyd Glasspool and Harri Heliövaara. Masur partnered Julian Lenz but lost in the semifinals to Zdeněk Kolář and Andrea Vavassori.

Kolář and Vavassori won the title after defeating Glasspool and Heliövaara 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Zdeněk Kolář
Zdeněk Kolář (Czech pronunciation: [ˈzdɛɲɛk ˈkolaːr̝̊]; born 9 October 1996) is a Czech tennis player.
Kolář has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 111 achieved on 13 June 2022 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 110 achieved on 1 August 2022.
Riverdale Branch
The Riverdale Branch of the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP) was a branch line serving the San Joaquin Valley's agricultural area southwest of Fresno.  The 42 mile line ran from a connection with the Southern Pacific's West Side Line at Ingle, California and then ran southeast through Burrel, Riverdale beyond which it also connected to the Caruthers Branch of the SP. From Riverdale it continued Southeast to Hardwick then south to Armona where it connected to SP's Coalinga Branch.

Coalinga, California
Coalinga (/ˌkoʊ.əˈlɪŋɡə/ or /kəˈlɪŋɡə/) is a city in the Pleasant Valley in Fresno County and the western San Joaquin Valley, in central California about 80 miles (128 km) southeast of Salinas.

It was formerly known as Coaling Station A, Coalingo, and Coalinga Station.

The population was 17,590 as of the 2020 census, up from 13,380 at the 2010 census. It is the site of both Pleasant Valley State Prison and Coalinga State Hospital.
Rwandese carp
The Rwandese carp (Labeobarbus platystomus), is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Rwanda. Its natural habitat is fast flowing rivers. It is threatened by increased turbidity of the water due to the expansion of agriculture and deforestation in the land the rivers it occurs in drain. Pollution from that agriculture and introduced species also threatened the Rwandese carp.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Madia Gond
Madia Gonds or Madia or Maria (Gondi: [maːɽijaː]) are one of the endogamous Gond tribes living in Chandrapur District and Gadchiroli District of Maharashtra State, and Bastar division of Chhattisgarh State India. They have been granted the status of a particularly vulnerable tribal group by the Government of India under its affirmative action or reservation programme. The Madia Gonds are strongly affected by Naxal activities. The Madia Gond use the self designation Madia, and call the area where they live Madia Desh. They speak the Madia dialect of Gondi. The shifting agriculture of madia is known as jhoom. A study mentions living megalithic practices amongst the Madia Gonds. One of the findings of The Bench Mark Survey done in 1997–1998: 91.08 per cent of Madia Gond families lived Below Poverty Line.

Endogamy
Endogamy is the cultural practice of only marrying within a specific social group, religious denomination, caste, or ethnic group, rejecting any from outside of the group or belief structure as unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships. Its opposite, exogamy, describes the social norm of marriage outside of the group.

Endogamy is common in many cultures and ethnic groups. Several religious and ethnic religious groups are traditionally more endogamous, although sometimes mating outside of the group occurs with the added dimension of requiring marital religious conversion. This permits an exogamous marriage, as the convert, by accepting the partner's religion, becomes accepted within the endogamous group. Endogamy may result in a higher rate of recessive gene–linked genetic disorders.
Věžky (Přerov District)
Věžky is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Věžky lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Přerov, 25 km (16 mi) south-east of Olomouc, and 230 km (140 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Alkannin
Alkannin is a natural dye that is obtained from the extracts of the plant dyer's alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) which is found in the Mediterranean region. The dye is used as a food coloring and in cosmetics; within the European E number schedule, it is numbered E103. It is used as a red-brown food additive in regions such as Australia. Alkannin is deep red in an acid and blue in an alkaline environment. The chemical structure as a naphthoquinone derivative was first determined by Hans Brockmann in 1936. The (R)-enantiomer of alkannin is known as shikonin, and the racemic mixture of the two is known as shikalkin.

E number
E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU): 27  and European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added; In 1970 antioxidants were added; In 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.
Texas Farm Workers Union
The Texas Farm Workers Union (TFWU) was established by Antonio Orendain and farmworker leaders of the Rio Grande Valley active with the United Farm Workers after a disagreement with UFW leadership over direction of a melon strike in south McAllen, Texas, in 1975.

in August 1975, nearly ten years after he began organizing farm workers for the United Farm Workers in the Rio Grande Valley of South Texas. Orendain worked for Cesar Chavez in the Chicago UFW national grape and lettuce boycott office. After returning to South Texas Orendain left the UFW to devote himself to organizing Texas agricultural workers under a separate banner much like those who founded Obreros Unidos in Wisconsin, and the Farm Labor Organizing Committee in Ohio. It appears that there were conflicts between the United Farm Workers and the Texas Farm Workers Union.

Lower Rio Grande Valley
The Lower Rio Grande Valley (Spanish: Valle del Río Grande), often referred to as the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) of South Texas, is a region located in the southernmost part of Texas. It is located along the border of Texas with Mexico located in a floodplain of the Rio Grande near its mouth. The region includes the southernmost tip of South Texas. It consists of the Brownsville-Harlingen and McAllen-Edinburg-Mission metropolitan areas, and the Rio Grande City-Roma and Raymondville micropolitan areas. The area is generally bilingual in English and Spanish, with a fair amount of Spanglish due to the region's diverse history and transborder agglomerations. It is home to some of the poorest cities in the nation, as well as many unincorporated, persistent poverty communities called colonias. A large seasonal influx occurs of "winter Texans" – people who come down from the north for the winter and then return north before summer arrives.
2018 Gimcheon Open ATP Challenger – Doubles
Marco Chiudinelli and Teymuraz Gabashvili were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Ruan Roelofse and John-Patrick Smith won the title after defeating Sanchai and Sonchat Ratiwatana 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Teymuraz Gabashvili
Teymuraz Besikovich Gabashvili (Russian: Теймураз Бесикович Габашвили, IPA: [tɛɪ̯mʊˈraz ɡəbɐˈʂvʲilʲɪ]; born 23 May 1985) is a Russian-Georgian former professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of World No. 43 achieved on 1 February 2016. He has reached the fourth round of the 2010 and 2015 French Open.

On 18 November 2021, Gabashvili was banned from competition for 20 months after testing positive for furosemide.
Sammohanam
Sammohanam (transl. Enchantment) is a 2018 Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film written and directed by Mohana Krishna Indraganti. Produced by Sivalenka Krishna Prasad, it features Sudheer Babu and Aditi Rao Hydari (in her Telugu debut) in lead roles. The music was composed by Vivek Sagar with cinematography by P. G. Vinda.

Released on 15 June 2018, The film is loosely inspired from the British film Notting Hill (1999), starring Julia Roberts and Hugh Grant, and My Week with Marilyn (2011). In one of the interviews of Mohana Krishna told that this film's core theme also reminds the telugu hit film Bangaru babu.  The film received positive response  upon release, and became a profitable venture.

Mohana Krishna Indraganti
Mohana Krishna Indraganti is an Indian director known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. His debut directorial venture Grahanam (2005) fetched him eleven awards including the National Film Award for Best First Film of a Director, the Nandi Award for Best First Film of a Director and the Gollapudi Srinivas Award for Best First Film of a Director. The film was also showcased in the Indian panorama section of the 2005 International Film Festival of India. He holds a Master of Fine Arts degree from York University.
Kuntasi
Kuntasi is an archaeological site (locally known as Bibi-no-Timbo) which is identified as a port belonging to the Indus Valley civilization. This site is located on the right bank of Phulki River, about 2 km south-east of Kuntasi village and 30 km from Morbi in Maliya taluka of Morbi District in Gujarat state of India. It is five km inlandward from present shore line. It was first reported by P. P Pandya and later thoroughly explored by Y. M. Chitalwala. The excavations revealed two periods of occupation. Period I is assigned to the Mature Harappan phase (c. 2200–1900 BCE) and the Period II is assigned to the Late Harappan phase (c.1900–1700 BCE). This site was identified as a jetty and a manufacturing centre.

Morbi district
Morbi district is in the state of Gujarat, India. It was formed on 15 August 2013, along with several other districts, on the 67th Independence Day of India. Morbi city is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district has five talukas - Morbi, Maliya, Tankara, Wankaner (previously in Rajkot district) and Halvad (previously in Surendranagar district). Morbi city is the administrative headquarters of Morbi district. The town of Morbi is situated on the Machchhu River, 35 km from the sea and 60 km from Rajkot. As per 2011 census data, the city had a  population  of 2,10,451 and average literacy rate of 83.64%.

This district is surrounded by Kutch district to the north, Surendranagar district to the east, Rajkot district to the south and Jamnagar district to the west.