hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MMT Observatory
The MMT Observatory (MMTO) is an astronomical observatory on the site of Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory (IAU observatory code 696). The Whipple observatory complex is located on Mount Hopkins, Arizona, US (55 km south of Tucson) in the Santa Rita Mountains. The observatory is operated by the University of Arizona and the Smithsonian Institution, and has a visitor center in nearby Amado, Arizona.
The MMTO is the home of the MMT (formerly Multiple Mirror Telescope), which has a primary mirror 6.5 m in diameter. The name comes from the six smaller mirrors originally used before the single primary mirror was installed in 1998. The primary mirror has a special lightweight honeycomb design made by the University of Arizona's Steward Observatory Mirror Laboratory.
The MMT is housed in a building which allows the walls and roof around the telescope to be completely rolled back, allowing it to cool down very quickly in order to improve  observation.

Mount Hopkins (Arizona)
Mount Hopkins is a 8,553-foot (2,607 m) peak of the Santa Rita Mountains range, in Santa Cruz County, southern Arizona.

The peak was named after Gilbert Hopkins, who was killed nearby during the Battle of Fort Buchanan in 1865.

It is in the Coronado National Forest and is bounded on three sides by the Mount Wrightson Wilderness.
2023 Empire Slovak Open
The 2023 Empire Slovak Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2023 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Trnava, Slovakia, between 8 and 14 May 2023.

Trnava
Trnava (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtr̩naʋa] ⓘ, German: Tyrnau, German: [ˈtʏrnaʊ̯] ⓘ; Hungarian: Nagyszombat [ˈnɒcsombɒt], also known by other alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia, 47 km (29 mi) to the northeast of Bratislava, on the Trnávka river. It is the capital of the Trnava Region and the Trnava District. It is the seat of a Roman Catholic archbishopric (1541–1820 and then again since 1977). The city has a historic center. Because of the many churches within its city walls, Trnava has often been called "Little Rome" (Slovak: Malý Rím, Latin: parva Roma), or more recently, the "Slovak Rome".
History of rail transport in Belarus
The first line crossing Belarus was the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway, which started operating in late 1862. This included section and railway station in Grodno. During the mid 1860s, a railway line was also built from Daugavpils to Polatsk and further to Vitebsk. The Warsaw–Brest Railway, opened in 1866; completed to Moscow in 1871.

The Libau–Romny Railway was built in 1871–1874. It passed through Belarus.

Libava–Romny Railway
Libava–Romny Railway (Russian: Либаво-Роменская железная дорога) was a railway company that built a railway line in the Russian Empire in 1871–74 to connect Romny in Ukraine with the port in Liepāja, then named Libava in the Russian Empire, in present-day Latvia. To do so it passed through Minsk. The objective of the railway was to deliver Ukrainian exports, particularly grain, to the Baltic Sea where it could be further shipped.
Gyeongju Hyanggyo
The Gyeongju Hyanggyo is a hyanggyo or government-run provincial school during the Goryeo and Joseon periods, which is located the neighborhood of Gyo-dong, Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. The foundation date is unknown, but was established to enshrine the memorial tablet of a wise Confucian scholar and to commemorate him as well as to provide mid-leveled education to the local during the Goryeo period. The site was originally the place where the Gukhak, or national academy of the Silla kingdom was situated. The Gukhak was built in 682, the second year of King Sinmun's reign and is equivalent to current national universities. It is designated to the 191st Tangible Cultural Property of North Gyeongsang province.

Sinmun of Silla
Sinmun (r. 681–692), personal name Kim Chŏngmyŏng, was the thirty-first king of Silla, a Korean state that originated in the southwestern Korean peninsula and went on to unify most of the peninsula under its rule in the mid 7th century. He was the eldest son of Silla's unifier-king, Munmu and Queen Jaeui. Sinmun's reign may be characterized by his attempts to consolidate royal authority following unification and to reorganize and systematize the governing apparatus of the newly enlarged Silla state.
St. Lorenz, Nuremberg
St. Lorenz (St. Lawrence) is a  medieval church of the former free imperial city of Nuremberg in southern Germany. It is dedicated to Saint Lawrence. The church was badly damaged during the Second World War and later restored. It is one of the most prominent churches of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria.

Klais Orgelbau
Orgelbau Klais is a German firm that designs, builds and restores pipe organs. It is a family run company, founded in 1882 by Johannes Klais senior and is now run by his great-grandson Philipp Klais. The firm is based in Bonn, Germany, and has completed many large-scale building and restoration projects around the globe in more than a century of organ building.
Culpeper Basin
The Culpeper Basin is one of the Newark Supergroup's Late Triassic–Early Jurassic rift basins, exposed in Northern Virginia and Maryland. Its development is tied to the initial rifting of the supercontinent Pangea (~201 Ma, across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary). Volcanism associated with the Culpeper Basin was part of a much larger event known as the Central Atlantic magmatic province (CAMP), one of the largest flood basalt eruptions in Earth's history.

Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between 237 Ma and 201.4 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian ages.

Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including Plateosaurus, Coelophysis, Herrerasaurus, and Eoraptor. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and  is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth.
Braja Kishore Goswami
Braja Kishore Goswami (born 3 December 1988) is an Indian politician who currently serves as a Member of Legislative Assembly from Santipur constituency in West Bengal. He is also a prominent social reformer and religious glory of Shantipur in Nadia, West Bengal. He is one of the youngest educated political leaders of West Bengal.

West Bengal Legislative Assembly
The West Bengal Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in the B. B. D. Bagh area of Kolkata, the capital of the state. Members of the Legislative assembly are directly elected by the people. The legislative assembly comprises 294 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved.
Mary J. Hickman
Mary J. Hickman is Professorial Research Fellow at St Mary's University, Twickenham. She was formerly a Professor of Irish Studies and Sociology at London Metropolitan University and director of its Institute for the Study of European Transformations. She was a member of the Irish Governments Task Force on Policy Regarding Emigrants (2001-2002). She has been Visiting Professor at: New York University, Columbia University and Victoria University, Melbourne. Her current research interests centre on migrations and diasporas. She has been a key figure in the documentation of The Irish Diaspora.

An important analysis of nineteenth-century attitudes by Mary J. Hickman and Bronwen Walter showed that the 'Irish Catholic' was once viewed as an "other" or a different race in the construction of the British nationalist myth.

St Mary's University, Twickenham
St Mary's University is a public university in Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Established in 1850, it is the oldest Catholic university in the United Kingdom. The university received full university status in 2014 and has since expanded its academic portfolio, particularly in teacher education, sport science, health, and the humanities. St Mary's is a campus university with a student population of around 5,000, and is noted for its  community, Catholic heritage, and partnerships across London's education and health sectors.
William Morritt
William John Sawrey Morritt (c. 1813 – 13 April 1874) was a British Conservative Party politician from Rokeby, which was then in Yorkshire but is now in County Durham.

He was elected as a member of parliament (MP) for the North Riding of Yorkshire at a by-election in March 1862, following the death of the Liberal MP Edward Stillingfleet Cayley. He held the seat until the 1865 general election, when he was defeated by the Liberal Frederick Milbank.

1865 United Kingdom general election
The 1865 United Kingdom general election was held 7 July 1865 to 24 July 1865 to elect 658 members of the House of Commons. It saw the Liberals, led by Lord Palmerston, increase their large majority over the Earl of Derby's Conservatives to 80.

Palmerston died in October the same year and was succeeded by Lord John Russell as Prime Minister. Despite the Liberal majority, the party was divided by the issue of further parliamentary reform, and Russell resigned after being defeated in a vote in the House of Commons in 1866, leading to minority Conservative governments under Derby and then Benjamin Disraeli.

This was the last United Kingdom general election until 2019 where a party increased its majority after having been returned to office at the previous election with a reduced majority.
Mil e Uma Noites
Mil e Uma Noites (English: One Thousand and One Nights) is the fourth studio album and the first greatest hits album of Brazilian pop girl group Rouge, released on May 30, 2005, by Sony BMG. The work is a mix of new tracks and a greatest hits compilation, including "Ragatanga", "Brilha La Luna" and "Blá Blá Blá". Previously unreleased songs were "Me Leva Contigo", "Mais Uma Da Lista", "Cidade Triste", "Onde Está O Amor?", "O Amor é Ilusão" and the lead single "Vem Habib (Wala Wala)", and a bonus acoustic version of the hit "Um Anjo Veio Me Falar". The album sold more than 50,000 copies in Brazil.

Blá Blá Blá (song)
"Blá Blá Blá" is a song by the Brazilian girl group pop Rouge, and the lead single from her third studio album of the same name. The song was written and produced by Rick Bonadio, and became the girls' first song without the vocals of Luciana Andrade, who left the group in February 2004. It was released by Columbia Records on May 4, 2004 (2004-5-4).

"Blá Blá Blá" has a dominant pop rock style, where the girls sing in a more aggressive tone about the rumors that the media have invented about them. Aline Wirley, just like in the previous single, "Vem Cair na Zueira", makes a rap in the song. The music video also shows the group's more "somber" look, also showing the evolution of the girls. The clip was also nominated for MTV Video Music Brasil 2004. The song was promoted in numerous TV programs. The group have performed the song on their tours, from the Blá Blá Blá Tour (2004), Mil e Uma Noites Tour (2005), Chá Rouge Tour (2017) and 15 Anos Tour (2018).
Ludwinów, Gmina Wodzisław
Ludwinów [ludˈvinuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wodzisław, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Wodzisław, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Jędrzejów, and 46 km (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
Oscar Pezoa
Óscar Pezoa (2 May 1933 – 8 June 2023) was an Argentine cyclist. He competed in the 4,000 metres team pursuit event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

Pezoa died in San Francisco, Córdoba on 8 June 2023, at the age of 90.

Cycling at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit
These are the official results of the Men's 4.000m Team Pursuit at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland, held on July 28 and July 29, 1952. There were 89 participant from 22 nations. In the first round each team raced alone, with the first eight teams qualifying for the quarterfinals.
Jawaharnagar Municipal Corporation
Jawaharnagar Municipal Corporation is the civic body governing Indian city of Jawaharnagar. Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras (Chennai) in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) by 1762. Jawaharnagar Municipal Corporation is headed by Mayor of city and governed by Commissioner.

Municipal commissioner (India)
In India, the municipal commissioner or municipal secretary is the chief executive officer and administrative head of a municipal corporation. Unlike the mayor, who is the elected (directly or indirectly) ceremonial head, the municipal commissioner is a civil servant appointed by the state government.
Vincent Raymond Kenny
Brigadier Vincent Raymond Kenny CB MBE (21 February 1882 – 3 December 1966) was Director of Army Postal Services from 1941 to 1943 who introduced the Airgraph system to improve postal communications between Britain and the Middle East.

Brigadier (United Kingdom)
Brigadier (Brig) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. Brigadier is the superior rank to colonel and subordinate to major-general. It corresponds to the rank of brigadier general in many other nations, although it is not considered to be a general officer rank in the United Kingdom.

The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-6, placing it equivalent to the Royal Navy commodore and the Royal Air Force air commodore ranks and the brigadier general (1-star general) rank of the United States military and numerous other NATO nations.
Transfer principle
In model theory, a transfer principle states that all statements of some language that are true for some structure are true for another structure. One of the first examples was the Lefschetz principle, which states that any sentence in the first-order language of fields that is true for the complex numbers is also true for any algebraically closed field of characteristic 0.

Algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial with coefficients in F has a root in F. In other words, a field is algebraically closed if the fundamental theorem of algebra holds for it.  For example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed because the polynomial  has no real roots, while the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

Every field  is contained in an algebraically closed field  and the roots in  of the polynomials with coefficients in  form an algebraically closed field called an algebraic closure of  Given two algebraic closures of  there are isomorphisms between them that fix the elements of

Algebraically closed fields appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
2019 Kunming Open – Women's doubles
Dalila Jakupović and Irina Khromacheva are the defending champions, however Jakupović chose not to participate. Khromacheva was scheduled to partner countrywoman Olga Doroshina, but the pair withdrew after Khromacheva sustained a viral illness.

Peng Shuai and Yang Zhaoxuan won the title, defeating Duan Yingying and Han Xinyun 7–5, 6–2 in the final.

Duan Yingying
Duan Yingying (Chinese: 段莹莹; born 3 July 1989) is a former Chinese tennis player.

In her career, she won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and two WTA Challenger doubles titles, as well as eleven singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Her nickname is lightning for her amazing forehand.

On 24 April 2017, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 60. On 3 February 2020, she peaked at No. 16 in the doubles rankings.
Greek ship Adrias
At least three ships of the Hellenic Navy have borne the name Adrias :

Greek destroyer Adrias (L67), a Hunt-class destroyer launched in 1942 as HMS Border but transferred to Greece and renamed before completion. She was returned to the Royal Navy in 1945.

Greek destroyer Adrias (D06), a Hunt-class destroyer launched in 1942 as HMS Tanatside she was transferred to Greece in 1946 and renamed. She was scrapped in 1964.

Greek frigate Adrias (F-459), an Elli-class frigate launched in 1977 as HNLMS Callenburgh she was transferred to Greece in 1994 and renamed.

HMS Tanatside
HMS Tanatside was a Hunt-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She was launched at Yarrow in April 1942. Ships of this class were designed as cheap, easily built vessels for convoy escort and antisubmarine duties. She was named like her sisters after a fox hunt, in her case one in North Wales. War bonds were issued to finance the building of warships. Tanatside was funded by people from Tregaron, Aberaeron, New Quay, Aberystwyth and Teifiside, in a nod to the ship's name. Plaques were presented to each of these townships. During a Warship Week held between 14 and 21 March 1942 the civil community of the Welsh county of Cardiganshire adopted the ship.
A. B. Walawalkar
A. B. Walawalkar (27 December 1897 – 23 December 1970) was an Indian railway engineer, epigraphist, and historian. He is regarded as the founder of Konkan Railway. Born on 27 December 1897, he was from the village of Walawal in Kudal Taluka of Sindhudurg District in Maharashtra. He belongs to Naik Maratha Samaj of Sindhudurg.

Sindhudurg district
Sindhudurg district (Marathi pronunciation: [sin̪d̪ʱud̪uɾɡə]) is an administrative district of the Konkan division in India, which was carved out of the erstwhile Ratnagiri district. The district headquarters are located at Oros. The district occupies an area of approximately 5,207 km2 and has a population of 849,651, of which 12.59% were urban (as of 2011). As of 2011, it is the least populous district of Maharashtra (out of 36). Sindhudurg district is located in western part of Maharashtra.
Les LeVeque
Les LeVeque is an artist based in New York who works with digital and analog electronic technology. His work includes single and multi-channel videos and video/computer-based installations. LeVeque's work uses algorithmic structures, statistically distributed elements, experimentation with the boundaries of interfaces, and provides new views of existing narratives. In 2014 he is a member of the faculty and co-chair of Film and Video at the Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts, Bard College.

Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts
Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts is a graduate program associated with Bard College that grants Master of Fine Arts degrees.

Founded in 1981, Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts (otherwise known as the Bard MFA program) is a nontraditional school for interdisciplinary study in the visual and creative arts. The program takes place over two years and two months, with students residing on campus during three consecutive summers, and two winter sessions of independent study completed off campus. Each summer session runs for eight intensive weeks. Currently ranked as one of ten most influential Master of Fine Arts programs in the world by Artspace Magazine.

The Bard MFA program is one of eight graduate programs at Bard College.
Burjuc
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd), and Tisa (Tisza).

The commune lies on the banks of the Mureș River and its right tributary, the river Zam. It is located in the northwestern part of Hunedoara County, 41 km (25 mi) west of the county seat, Deva, near the border with Timiș County.

Burjuc is crossed by the national road DN7, part of European route E68. The train station serves the CFR Line 200, which runs from Brașov to Timișoara and on to the Hungarian border.

Căile Ferate Române
Căile Ferate Române (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkə.ile feˈrate roˈmɨne]; abbreviated as the CFR) was the state railway carrier of Romania. The company was dissolved on 1 October 1998 by splitting into several successor companies. CFR as an entity existed from 1880, even though the first railway on current Romanian territory was opened in 1854. CFR was divided into four autonomous companies:

CFR Călători, responsible for passenger services;

CFR Marfă, responsible for freight transport;

Compania Națională de Căi Ferate CFR, manages the infrastructure on the Romanian railway network; and

Societatea Feroviară de Turism, or SFT, which manages scenic and tourist railways.

CFR was headquartered in Bucharest and had regional divisions centered in Bucharest, Brașov, Cluj-Napoca, Constanța, Craiova, Galați, Iași, and Timișoara. Its International Union of Railways code is 53-CFR.
Arthur Jacob (priest)
Christianity portal

Arthur Jacob D.D. was Archdeacon of Armagh from 1777 until his death in 1786.

Jacob was born in Kilkenny and educated at Trinity College, Dublin.  He held livings at Killane, Clonkeen and Killeavy He was Treasurer of Leighlin from 1765 to 1771; Precentor of Armagh Cathedral from 1771 to 1775; and  Prebendary of Tynan in there from 1775 to 1778.

Precentor
A precentor is a person who helps facilitate worship. The details vary depending on the religion, denomination, and era in question. The Latin derivation is præcentor, from cantor, meaning "the one who sings before" (or alternatively, "first singer").
Pölshals Pass
Pölshals Pass, elevation 815 m (2,674 ft), is a mountain pass in the Alps in the Austrian Bundesland of Styria. It connects Pöls with the valley of the Mur River.

The pass was already in use in Roman times.

States of Austria
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine states. The European Commission calls them provinces. Austrian states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each state has representatives in the Austrian federal parliament.