hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaspé Manifesto
The Gaspé Manifesto was a controversial manifesto produced by a group of leading Canadian theatre professionals in connection with a 1971 conference in Gaspé, Quebec sponsored by the Canada Council.   Its main suggestion called for publicly subsidized theatres to ensure that at least half of their productions would be Canadian content by 1973.   There were two key goals in mind, to create a national theatre and to improve the conditions of playwrights.  In the years that followed this manifesto more Canadian content was performed in Canadian theatres, although the 50% goal was not attained.

The Gaspé Manifesto can be found in Canadian Theatre History  by Don Rubin.

Manifesto
A manifesto is a written declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party, or government. A manifesto can accept a previously published opinion or public consensus, but many prominent manifestos—such as those of various artistic movements—reject accepted knowledge in favor of a new idea. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or confessions of faith.
Film censorship in the United States
Film censorship in the United States was a frequent feature of the industry almost from the beginning of the U.S. motion picture industry until the end of strong self-regulation in 1966. Court rulings in the 1950s and 1960s severely constrained government censorship, though statewide regulation lasted until at least the 1980s.

L'amore (film)
L'amore (Love) is a 1948 Italian drama anthology film directed by Roberto Rossellini, starring Anna Magnani and Federico Fellini. It consists of two parts, The Human Voice (Una voce umana), based on Jean Cocteau's 1929 play of the same title, and The Miracle (Il miracolo), based on Ramón del Valle-Inclán's 1904 novel Flor de santidad.

The film had its world premiere in the International Competition of the 9th Venice International Film Festival, on 21 August 1948, and was released in Italian cinemas on 2 November 1948.

The second part was initially banned in the United States until it was cleared in 1952 by the Supreme Court's decision upholding the right to freedom of speech.
CS Wind
CS Wind is a South korean  wind turbine tower manufacturer. The company's name comes from a pseudonym used by the founder's son, "ChoongSan (Korean: 중산; Hanja: 重山; RR: Jungsan; MR: Chungsan)", and means "a heavy mountain that can endure every hardship."

Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
Gaudibert
Gaudibert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Casimir Marie Gaudibert (1823–1901), French astronomer and selenographer

Éric Gaudibert (1936–2012), Swiss composer

Pierre Gaudibert (1928–2006), French art curator and critic

Casimir Marie Gaudibert
Casimir Marie Gaudibert (4 March 1823 – 9 June 1901) was a French amateur astronomer and selenographer.

Gaudibert produced a map of the Moon in 1887. Under the direction of Camille Flammarion, Emile Bertaux subsequently produced a globe of the moon based on Gaudibert's lunar map.

The crater Gaudibert on the Moon is named after him.
Mao Weiming
Mao Weiming (Chinese: 毛伟明, born May 1961) is a Chinese politician. He has been the acting governor of Hunan since November 2020

Mao was a delegate to the 11th, 12th and 13th National People's Congress. He was an alternate of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and is a member of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was elected by the 19th National Congress in 2017, and sat until the next National Congress was convened in 2022. It formally succeeded the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and preceded the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

The first plenary session in 2017 was responsible for electing the bodies in which the authority of the Central Committee is invested when it is not in session: the Politburo and the Politburo Standing Committee. It was also responsible for approving the members of the Secretariat, 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and its Standing Committee. The third plenary session in 2018 nominated candidates for state positions. The fourth plenary session issued a decision on modernizing governance.
Ar (city)
Ar is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible several times as a city of ancient Moab (Numbers 21:15). While the exact location is unknown, it is likely to have been in the southern part of the Arnon Valley, which is the present day Wadi Mujib gorge in Jordan. The city was one of Moab's most prominent, being listed by the prophet Isaiah in his denunciation of the Moabite nation (Isaiah 15:1). Matthew Poole suggested that "the city was seated in an island in the middle of the river".

The Bible speaks of Ar as being captured by the Amorite King Sihon (Numbers 21:28).

Modern scholars believe that the word "Ar" likely meant "city".

Moab
Moab (/ˈmoʊæb/) was an ancient Levantine kingdom whose territory is today located in southern Jordan. The land is mountainous and lies alongside much of the eastern shore of the Dead Sea. The existence of the Kingdom of Moab is attested to by numerous archaeological findings, most notably the Mesha Stele, which describes the Moabite victory over an unnamed son of King Omri of Israel, an episode also noted in 2 Kings 3. The Moabite capital was Dibon. According to the Hebrew Bible, Moab was often in conflict with its Israelite neighbours to the west.
Abdel Bouckar
Abdel Aziz Boukar Moussa (born 8 April 1980 in Chad) is a Chadian-born Angolan basketball center. He is a former member of the Angola national basketball team, and competed for Angola at the 2004 Summer Olympics, 2005 African Championship, 2006 Lusophony Games and 2006 FIBA World Championship. He stands 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m).

He last played for Recreativo do Libolo at the Angolan major basketball league BAI Basket.

Angola men's national basketball team
The Angolan men's national basketball team is controlled by the Federação Angolana de Basquetebol. Angola has been a member of FIBA since 1979. Ranking 23rd in the FIBA World Rankings, Angola is the top team of FIBA Africa, and a regular competitor at the Summer Olympic Games and the FIBA World Cup.
SPOP Wave!
SPOP Wave (Chinese: SPOP 艺起唱!; pinyin: SPOP Yì Qǐ Chàng) is a Singaporean Chinese singing reality competition featuring eight celebrities competing live in front of the nation and facing the judges who consist of various music professionals. It is a spin-off to the 2018's SPOP Sing! due to its similarities. The competition was streamed digitally on meLISTEN, meWatch LIVE and the Entertainment Mediacorp YouTube channel, which premiered on 2 November 2021.

The competition ended on 21 December 2021 with Gao Meigui (mentored by The Freshmen) named as the winner, while Ridhwan Azman (mentored by Hong Junyang) and Sherly Devonne Ng (mentored by The Freshmen) named as runner-up and third place, respectively.

Kelly Yu
Kelly Yu Wenwen (Chinese: 于文文; pinyin: Yú Wénwén; born 7 November 1989) is a Chinese-Canadian singer, songwriter, actress, music producer and director. She is famous for starring in the romantic film The Ex-File 3: The Return of the Exes and for singing and composing the film song OST "Decency" (Chinese: 体面; pinyin: Tǐmiàn).
Styphelia ciliosa
Styphelia ciliosa is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to a small area of Western Australia. It is usually an erect shrub with narrowly elliptic to narrowly egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and white flowers usually arranged in pairs in leaf axils.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
BNB VIb
The BNB VIb (six-B) was a class of two branch line tank locomotives of the Bohemian Northern Railway Company (Böhmische Nordbahn-Gesellschaft) for use on the Česká Lípa–Kamenický Šenov railway line. They later passed to the Imperial Austrian State Railways, who classified them as kkStB 265.

The two locomotives were built in Prague in 1907 by the Erste Böhmisch-Mährische Maschinenfabrik (later part of ČKD).

The locomotives spent their entire lives on their home line. In 1924 the Czechoslovak State Railways (ČSD) grouped the engines into their ČSD Class 312.7. After the Second World War the Deutsche Reichsbahn gave them the designation DR Class 90.3.

On the introduction into service of new ČSD Class M 131.1 railcars, these locomotives were retired in 1949.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".
7 dní a 7 nocí
7 dní a 7 nocí (aka Sedm dní a sedm nocí; English: 7 Days and 7 Nights) is a 1994 Czech adventure game released on MS-DOS through Petr Vochozka's Vochozka Trading brand, and published by Pterodon Software. It was the first Czech video game to use Sound Blaster. The game was released in German as 7 Tage, 7 Nächte and in Polish as 7 Dni i 7 Nocy.

2K Czech
2K Czech, s.r.o. (formerly Illusion Softworks, a.s.) was a Czech video game developer based in Brno, founded as Illusion Softworks in 1997 by Petr Vochozka and Jan Kudera. The company was acquired by Take-Two Interactive in January 2008 and subsequently organised under the 2K label, becoming 2K Czech. The studio was merged into 2K's Hangar 13 in 2017. The developer is best known for creating the Mafia series.
Białowąs
Białowąs [bʲaˈwɔvɔ̃s] (German: Balfanz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-west of Barwice, 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Szczecinek, and 121 km (75 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 400.

Szczecinek County
Szczecinek County (Polish: powiat szczecinecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczecinek, which lies 143 kilometres (89 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Borne Sulinowo, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Szczecinek, Barwice, 23 km (14 mi) west of Szczecinek, and Biały Bór, 23 km (14 mi) north-east of Szczecinek.

The county covers an area of 1,765.22 square kilometres (681.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 77,232, out of which the population of Szczecinek is 38,756, that of Borne Sulinowo is 4,224, that of Barwice is 3,838, that of Biały Bór is 2,127, and the rural population is 28,287.
2024 Dima Hasao Autonomous Council election
The Dima Hasao Autonomous Council election was held on 8 January 2024. The Dima Hasao Autonomous Council, earlier called North Cachar Hills District Council is an autonomous district in the Indian state of Assam.

Autonomous administrative divisions of India
In India, there are autonomously administered territories for Scheduled Tribes, administered by representatives of those tribes. The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India allows for the formation of Autonomous District Councils and Autonomous Regional Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Tripura, granting them autonomy within their respective territories. Currently, there are 10 Autonomous District Councils across these four states. In these areas, Acts of Parliament and state legislation do not apply.

Additionally, other autonomous councils, created by individual states through state legislation, exist in Northeast India, Ladakh, and West Bengal. Unlike those under the Sixth Schedule, these councils are subject to parliamentary and state laws.
Hungarian Coalition
The Hungarian Coalition (Hungarian: Magyar Koalíció (MK); Serbian: Мађарска Коалиција (МК), Mađarska Koalicija (MK)) was a political coalition composed of three ethnic Hungarian political parties in Serbia: the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, the Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians, and the Democratic Fellowship of Vojvodina Hungarians. The leader of the Hungarian Coalition was István Pásztor.

Novi Kneževac
Novi Kneževac (Serbian Cyrillic: Нови Кнежевац, [nɔ̂ʋiː knɛ̌ːʒɛʋats]; Hungarian: Törökkanizsa; German: Neu-Kanischa) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 5,688, while the Novi Kneževac municipality has 8,627 inhabitants according to 2022 census.
Paillon
The Paillon (French pronunciation: [pajɔ̃] ⓘ; Nissard Occitan: Palhon) is a coastal river of the Alpes-Maritimes that flows into the Mediterranean Sea in Nice, near the old district. It is 35.8 km (22.2 mi) long. Its drainage basin is 258 km2 (100 sq mi). Its source is north of Lucéram. It flows generally south, through L'Escarène, Peillon, Drap (where it meets its main tributary Paillon de Contes), La Trinité, and finally Nice.

Being a typical Mediterranean river with low water level throughout the year but with the autumn and winter rains can turn violent with damaging floods.

The region of the Paillon and the Paillon de Contes is called the pays des Paillons. The river course was covered and converted into a subterranean stream for its last few kilometers in the city of Nice starting at Rue Georges Chapel to its mouth at Plage de Carras. Two major buildings built over the stream are the LGT Lyceé Guillaume Apollinaire Nice High School the Palais des Congrès Acropolis.

L'Escarène
L'Escarène (French pronunciation: [lɛskaʁɛn]; Occitan: L'Escarèa; Italian: Scarena, formerly) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the southeastern Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in France.

It was part of the historic County of Nice until 1860, named Scarena. In modern Italian, it is known as L'Escarena. The town was a main stop along the Route de Sel during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, between the French Provence and Italian Piedmont, on the Nice to Turin road. It was built in the bottom of the valley of Spangle of Escarène at the confluence of the streams of Redebraus and Paillon. More than half of its territory is made up of pine and oak, with marked trails for easy walks and hikes.

In 2022, the commune was the scene of a group lynching, after which a 39-year-old man accused of stealing died.
StreamCast Networks
StreamCast Networks, Inc., was an American corporation, specializing in peer-to-peer software. Formerly named MusicCity, it created Morpheus, which was one of the first major peer-to-peer Internet applications.

StreamCast was a defendant in the MGM v. Grokster case, in which the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that StreamCast could be sued for inducing copyright infringement for acts taken in the course of marketing file sharing software.

On May 22, 2006, StreamCast Networks filed a lawsuit against eBay in hopes of stopping the distribution of its Skype software. StreamCast claims that the rights for Skype as well as the FastTrack technology were unrightfully taken away from it.

On April 22, 2008, StreamCast Networks filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy; all employees were laid off and Morpheus became no longer available for download.

Rich Internet Application
A Rich Internet Application (also known as a rich web application, RIA or installable Internet application) is a web application that has many of the characteristics of desktop application software. The concept is closely related to a single-page application, and may allow the user interactive features such as drag and drop, background menu, WYSIWYG editing, etc. The concept was first introduced in 2002 by Macromedia to describe Macromedia Flash MX product (which later became Adobe Flash). Throughout the 2000s, the term was generalized to describe browser-based applications developed with other competing browser plugin technologies including Java applets, and Microsoft Silverlight.

With the deprecation of browser plugin interfaces and transition to standard HTML5 technologies, Rich Internet Applications were replaced with JavaScript web applications, including single-page applications and progressive web applications.
Guignolet
Guignolet (pronounced [ɡiɲɔlɛ]) is a French wild cherry liqueur.

It is widely available in France, including at supermarkets such as Casino and others, but is not widely available internationally.

A leading producer is the company Giffard in Angers, France, the same town where Cointreau is produced. The Cointreau brothers were instrumental in its reinvention, the original recipe having been lost.

Liqueur
A liqueur (UK: /lɪˈkjʊər/ ⓘ li-KURE, US: /lɪˈkɜːr/ li-KUR; French: [likœʁ]) is an alcoholic drink composed of spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-aged, beyond a resting period during production, when necessary, for their flavors to mingle.

Liqueurs are historical descendants of herbal medicines. They were made in France as early as the 13th century, often prepared by monks (for example, Chartreuse). Today they are produced all over the world, commonly served neat, over ice, with coffee, in cocktails, and used in cooking.
Essayons
Essayons is a French word meaning "let us try." It is the motto of the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and was also used as the name of at least four of their ships:

Essayons (1868 ship)

Essayons (1908 tugboat)

USAV Essayons (1949 ship)

USAV Essayons (1982 ship)

USAV Essayons (1949 ship)
USAV Essayons was a hopper dredge of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.  At the time of her construction, she was the largest hopper dredge ever built.  She was the flagship of the Army Corps of Engineers dredge fleet.  Her primary mission was to maintain the entrance to New York Harbor and other East Coast ports, but she was employed all around the United States and at several international locations.  She was launched in 1949 and retired in 1980.
Michael Dougall Bell
Michael Dougall Bell (September 10, 1943 – August 24, 2017) was a Canadian Foreign Service Officer with 36 years experience in the Department of Foreign Affairs, mostly focused on the Middle East. He was Canada's Ambassador to Jordan (1987–90), Egypt (1994–98), and Israel (1990–92 and 1999–2003).  He was also Chair of the Donor Committee of the International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq.

University of Windsor
The University of Windsor (UWindsor, U of W, or UWin) is a public research university in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It is Canada's southernmost university. It has approximately 17,500 students. The university was incorporated by the provincial government in 1962 and has more than 150,000 alumni.

The University of Windsor has nine faculties, including the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Education, the Faculty of Engineering, Odette School of Business, the Faculty of Graduate Studies, the Faculty of Human Kinetics, the Faculty of Law, the Faculty of Nursing, and the Faculty of Science. Through its faculties and independent schools, the university has demonstrated its primary research focuses of automotive, environmental, social justice, and international trade research. In recent years, it has increasingly begun focusing on health, natural science, and entrepreneurship research.
Semiautomaton
In mathematics and theoretical computer science, a semiautomaton is a deterministic finite automaton having inputs but no output. It consists of a set Q of states, a set Σ called the input alphabet, and a function T: Q × Σ → Q called the transition function.

Associated with any semiautomaton is a monoid called the characteristic monoid, input monoid, transition monoid or transition system of the semiautomaton, which acts on the set of states Q. This may be viewed either as an action of the free monoid of strings in the input alphabet Σ, or as the induced transformation semigroup of Q.

In older books like Clifford and Preston (1967) semigroup actions are called "operands".

In category theory, semiautomata essentially are functors.

Functor
In mathematics, specifically category theory, a functor is a mapping between categories.  Functors were first considered in algebraic topology, where algebraic objects (such as the fundamental group) are associated to topological spaces, and maps between these algebraic objects are associated to continuous maps between spaces.   Nowadays, functors are used throughout modern mathematics to relate various categories. Thus, functors are important in every area of mathematics where category theory is applied.

The words category and functor were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively.  The latter used functor in a linguistic context;
see function word.