hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Lucas (congressman)
Edward Lucas (October 20, 1780 – March 4, 1858) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and military officer from western Virginia, who served in the War of 1812, the Virginia House of Delegates and the U.S. House of Representatives before becoming superintendent of the military arsenal at Harpers Ferry (1837-1841) and then its paymaster until his death. His younger brother William Lucas would also later hold the redistricted congressional seat.

Jefferson County, West Virginia
Jefferson County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,701. Its county seat is Charles Town. The county was founded in 1801, and today is part of the Washington metropolitan area.
Dorothy Smith Gruening
Dorothy Gruening née Smith (1888–1979) was known for her social activism. Specifically, she was the general secretary of the Salem, Massachusetts Young Women's Association, and was active in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

She was a graduate of Vassar College. In 1914 she married the journalist, Ernest Gruening, who became the Governor of the Alaska Territory from 1939 until 1953, and a United States Senator from Alaska from 1959 until 1969.

Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) is a non-profit non-governmental organization working "to bring together women of different political views and philosophical and religious backgrounds determined to study and make known the causes of war and work for a permanent peace" and to unite women worldwide who oppose oppression and exploitation. WILPF has national sections in 37 countries.

The WILPF is headquartered in Geneva and maintains a United Nations office in New York City.
Dragon Inn
Dragon Inn (龍門客棧), also known as Dragon Gate Inn, is a 1967 Taiwanese wuxia film written and directed by King Hu. Set in 15th-century China during the Ming dynasty, the film follows a small, disparate band of martial artists who protect the exiled family members of a respected official from persecution by a treacherous eunuch and the secret police.

Hu had recently left Hong Kong to Taiwan where he set-up the short-lived Union Film Company. The film was shot in 1966. The film was released in 1967, and broke box‐office records in Taiwan, Korea, and the Philippines.

Dragon Inn received positive retrospective reviews in Empire, Radio Times and Sight & Sound, with critic Michael Brooke of the latter magazine referring to the film as "one of the most important wuxia films to emerge from the Chinese-speaking world prior to the great martial arts boom of the turn of the 1970s." The film was remade as New Dragon Gate Inn (1992) and Flying Swords of Dragon Gate (2011).

Film Business Asia
Film Business Asia was a film trade magazine based in Hong Kong. The magazine was created in 2010 by Patrick Frater, former journalist for Variety, The Hollywood Reporter, and Screen International and Stephen Cremin, co-founder of the London Pan-Asian Film Festival. The magazine specifically focused on the film development and news of the Asia-Pacific region, as well as reviews.  Its chief-film-critic was Derek Elley, former resident critic at Variety. In 2011, the magazine launched the Asian Film Database, boasting information on over 45,000 films in the Asia-Pacific regions It was operated by Film Business Asia Limited.
Roger Corbet
Roger Corbet (c.1501–1538) was an English politician and landowner of the Tudor Period. A member of the Shropshire landed gentry, he represented the Borough of Truro in the English Reformation Parliament.

Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Shropshire (a.k.a. Salop) was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Knights of the Shire. It was split into North Shropshire and South Shropshire in 1832.
Yoshiaki Miyanoue
Yoshiaki Miyanoue (born October 7, 1953 in Tokyo, Japan) is a jazz guitarist. Like Wes Montgomery, who exercised strong influence on Miyanoue, he plucks the strings with his thumb, not using a pick. He worked with organist Jimmy Smith, Dr. Lonnie Smith, drummer Philly Joe Jones, and bassist Andrew Simpkins among others.

Andy Simpkins
Andrew Simpkins (April 29, 1932 – June 2, 1999) was an American jazz bassist.

Born in Richmond, Indiana, he first became known as a member of the group The Three Sounds, with which he performed from 1956 to 1968. After that, until 1974, he was a member of pianist George Shearing's group, and from 1979 to 1989 toured with singer Sarah Vaughan. Throughout and after that time, during which he settled in Los Angeles, Simpkins became respected as a top-quality bassist and widely known as a solid and reliable studio musician. He performed with singers Carmen McRae and Anita O'Day, instrumentalists Gerald Wiggins, Monty Alexander, Buddy DeFranco, Don Menza, and Stéphane Grappelli, and many others. He recorded three albums as a leader.
He also played acoustic bass on the 1997 covers album In a Metal Mood: No More Mr. Nice Guy by artist Pat Boone.

Simpkins died of stomach cancer in Los Angeles.
Sterling, Connecticut
Sterling is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 3,578 at the 2020 census. The rural town is home to two villages: Oneco (named for Oneco, Sachem of the Mohegans) and Sterling village. Each contains a post office, a church, and a fire station. The town hall and public library are located in Oneco, and the town's one public school is in Sterling village.

Windham County, Connecticut
Windham County (/ˈwɪndəm/ WIN-dəm) is one of the eight counties in the U.S. state of Connecticut, located in its northeastern corner. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,418, making it the least populous county in Connecticut. It forms the core of the region known as the Quiet Corner. Windham County is included in the Worcester, MA-CT Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. The entire county is within the Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor, as designated by the National Park Service.
Cornelius Nicholls
Cornelius Nicholls (17 March 1838 – 1895) was an English first-class cricketer and umpire.

Nicholls, who was born at Pendleton in March 1838, made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the North against Surrey at The Oval in 1863. Batting at number eleven in the North's first-innings, he was unbeaten on 4, while in their second-innings he opened the batting and was dismissed for 14 runs by Tom Sewell. With the ball, he took figures of 4 for 19 in Surrey's first-innings and followed that up by taking figures of 4 for 44 in their second-innings. In the return fixture at Salford, Nicholls stood in the match as an umpire. Nicholls died at Chorlton in 1895.

Pendleton, Greater Manchester
Pendleton is an inner-city district of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. The A6 dual carriageway skirts the east of the district. Historically in Lancashire, Pendleton experienced rapid urbanisation during the Industrial Revolution.
Corry baronets
The Corry Baronetcy, of Dunraven in the County of Antrim, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 10 September 1883 for James Corry, Conservative Member of Parliament for Belfast and Armagh Mid. The second Baronet was a Director of the Cunard Steamship Company.

The Corry family is of Scottish descent but settled near Newtownards, County Down in the early 17th century.  The title's reference to "Dunraven" is derived from the first baronet's residence on the Malone Road, Belfast.

Belfast (UK Parliament constituency)
Belfast was an Irish borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Comprising the city of Belfast, it elected one Member of Parliament (MP) from 1801 to 1832, and then two MPs from 1832 until the constituency was divided by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 before the 1885 general election.
Helen Collins
Helen Arjomandi (née Collins) was born in Thames, New Zealand on 30 October 1988 and has represented New Zealand in association football at international level. She plays her club football with Taupo AFC.

Collins was a member of the New Zealand U-20 side at the 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship, making just two appearances at the finals in Russia.

Collins made her senior début in a 1–0 win over Scotland on 6 March 2013.

New Zealand women's national football team
The New Zealand women's national football team represents New Zealand in international football competitions, and is governed by New Zealand Football (NZF). They are nicknamed the Football Ferns.

The New Zealand national team has taken part in the FIFA Women's World Cup six times, making their debut in 1991. New Zealand co-hosted the 2023 World Cup alongside Australia. They have failed to go past the group stage in all occasions.
Dissolved inorganic carbon
Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is the sum of the aqueous species of inorganic carbon in a solution. Carbon compounds can be distinguished as either organic or inorganic, and as dissolved or particulate, depending on their composition. Organic carbon forms the backbone of key component of organic compounds such as – proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

Inorganic carbon is found primarily in simple compounds such as carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate, and carbonate (CO2, H2CO3, HCO−3, CO2−3 respectively). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) includes three major aqueous species, CO2, HCO−3 ,CO2−3, and to a lesser extent their complexes in solution with metal ions.

Solution (chemistry)
In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes. When, as is often but not necessarily the case, the sum of the mole fractions of solutes is small compared with unity, the solution is called a dilute solution." One parameter of a solution is the concentration, which is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent. The term "aqueous solution" is used when one of the solvents is water.
2007 İstanbul Cup – Singles
The 2007 İstanbul Cup – Singles was an event of the 2007 İstanbul Cup women's tennis tournament and took place between 21 May and 26 May 2007 on outdoor clay courts in Istanbul, Turkey. Second-seeded Elena Dementieva won the title, defeating Aravane Rezaï in the final.

Ekaterina Dzehalevich
Ekaterina Dzehalevich (Belarusian: Кацярына Міхайлаўна Дзегалевіч; Russian: Екатерина Михайловна Деголевич; born 3 May 1986) is a former professional Belarusian tennis player. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 134, which she reached on 6 October 2008. Her highest in doubles is 64, which she reached on 29 September 2008.

In her career, Dzehalevich won four singles and 13 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. She was coached by her mother Tamara who also introduced her to tennis. Her last appearance was in the 2015 Neva Cup in Saint Petersburg.
Marabou
Marabou can refer to:

Marabou (chocolate), a Swedish chocolate brand

Marabou (ethnicity), a historical term for a multiracial person in Haiti

Marabou (weed), or el marabú in Cuba, the legume Dichrostachys cinerea

Marabou stork, a large bird in the stork family Ciconiidae

Marabou (fashion), downy feathers used as a fashion trimming. Historically known as "marabout."

Marabou, a collection of poems by Nikos Kavvadias

Marabou, a thrown silk typically dyed in the gum or a fabric made of said silk

Marabou stork
The marabou stork (Leptoptilos crumenifer) is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae native to  sub-Saharan Africa. It breeds in both wet and arid habitats, often near human habitation, especially landfill sites. It is sometimes called the "undertaker bird" due to its shape from behind: cloak-like wings and back, skinny white legs, and sometimes a large white mass of "hair". It has often been credited with the largest wingspan of any land bird, with an average of 2.6 metres (8.5 ft) and some recorded examples of up to 3.2 metres (10 ft).
LG Optimus 4X HD
The LG Optimus 4X HD is a slate, multi-touch smartphone running the Android operating system. Designed and manufactured by LG Electronics. The Optimus 4X HD was the world's first smartphone announced with a quad-core processor along with the HTC One X and the Samsung Galaxy S3 and the fourth phone in the LG Optimus-Android series. LG first introduced the LG Optimus 4X HD at Mobile World Congress. The Optimus 4X HD was launched with Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich. Since April 2013, some variants have had a Jellybean update available.

LG Electronics
LG Electronics Inc. (Korean: 엘지 전자; RR: Elji Jeonja) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG Corporation, the fourth largest chaebol in South Korea, and often considered as the pinnacle of LG Corp with the group's chemical and battery division LG Chem. It comprises four business units: home entertainment, mobility, home appliances & air solutions, and business solutions. LG Electronics acquired Zenith in 1995 and is the largest shareholder of LG Display, the world's largest display company by revenue in 2020. LG Electronics is also the world's second largest television manufacturer behind Samsung Electronics. The company has 128 operations worldwide, employing 83,000 people.
Morland (surname)
Morland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Morland IV (born 1969), Canadian golfer

Egbert Coleby Morland (1874–1955), English physician and medical editor

George Morland (1763–1804), English painter

Henry Robert Morland (1716/9 – 30 November 1797), English portrait artist

Henry Morland (1837–1891), British Indian administrator, Governor of Bombay Presidency

Howard Morland (born 1942), American journalist and anti-nuclear weapons activist

Kjetil Mørland, Norwegian singer-songwriter

Michael Morland (born 1929), British judge

Samuel Morland (1625–1695), English diplomat, spy, inventor, and mathematician

Thomas Morland (1865–1925), British World War I general

Toby Morland (born 1980), New Zealand rugby player

Fictional characters:

Catherine Morland, heroine of Jane Austen's novel Northanger Abbey

Michael Morland
Sir Michael Morland (born 16 July 1929) is a British barrister and retired judge. He was a Justice of the High Court (Queen's Bench Division) from 1989 to 2004. He is best remembered as the judge who tried Robert Thompson and Jon Venables for the murder of James Bulger.
Ecclesiastical court
In organized Christianity, an ecclesiastical court, also called court Christian or court spiritual, is any of certain non-adversarial courts conducted by church-approved officials having jurisdiction mainly in spiritual or religious matters. Historically, they interpret or apply canon law. One of its primary bases was the Corpus Juris Civilis of Justinian, which is also considered the source of the civil law legal tradition.

In the United Kingdom, secular courts that took over the functions of the ecclesiastic courts, e.g. in family law, are still known as courts ecclesiastical as distinct from courts temporal.

Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Measure 1963
The Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Measure 1963 (No. 1) is a Church of England measure simplifying ecclesiastical law as it applied to the Church of England, following the recommendations of the 1954 Archbishops' Commission on Ecclesiastical Courts.  Superseding the Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Act 1677, other acts of Parliament it repealed included the Church Discipline Act 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 86), the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874, the Clergy Discipline Act 1892, and the Incumbents (Discipline) Measure 1947.

The first person to be prosecuted under the new measure was Michael Bland in 1969. The charges against him related to neglect of his duties, and included leaving church services early, refusing to baptise a baby, preventing one of his parishioners from entering the church to object to the marriage of his son when the banns were published, and disallowing another parishioner from receiving Holy Communion without just cause.
Norwegian Bowling Federation
The Norwegian Bowling Federation (NBF) (Norwegian: Norges Bowlingforbund) is the national body responsible for the management and promotion of bowling in Norway. It is affiliated with the International Bowling Federation. The president is Marie Paulsson Berg, and the vice president is Halgeir Ludvigsen. The headquarters are in Oslo.

International Bowling Federation
International Bowling Federation (IBF), formerly known as the Fédération Internationale des Quilleurs (FIQ) from 1952 to April 2014 and as World Bowling (WB) from April 2014 to November 2020, is the world governing body of nine-pin and ten-pin bowling. IBF was founded in 1952 in Hamburg, Germany by officials of the International Bowling Association (founded 1926) to grow worldwide interest in amateur ten-pin and nine-pin bowling, as well as international friendship by encouraging world and zone tournaments and other competition between bowlers of different countries. IBF has been recognized by the International Olympic Committee since 1979 as the governing body for bowling sports. Starting with five member federations in 1952, it grew to 141 in 2010. IBF has member federations located in all five Olympic regions.
Harka Sampang
Harka Raj Rai (born 27  February 1983); also known as Harka Sampang is a Nepalese politician who served as the 6th mayor of Dharan from 2022 to 2026. He was first ever independent candidate elected as mayor of Dharan. Sampang is the founder and chairman of the Shram Sanskriti Party since 2025.

Born into a traditional Rai family, Sampang has been active in the Nepalese political scene since 2017. He graduated from Tribhuvan University with a bachelor’s  and master's in degree political science. After winning the 2022 Nepalese local elections, he served as the mayor of Dharan until his resignation in January 2026.

He has served as the chairman of the Shram Sanskriti Party since its founding in November 2025. He established the party in the aftermath of the 2025 Nepalese Gen Z protests, during which he emerged as a prominent national figure and a symbol of political reform for the youth-led movement.

Royal Gurkha Rifles
The Royal Gurkha Rifles (RGR) is a rifle regiment of the British Army, forming part of the Brigade of Gurkhas. Unlike other regiments in the British Army, RGR soldiers are recruited from Nepal, which is neither a dependent territory of the United Kingdom nor a member of the Commonwealth.
2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 1 – Women's 1500 metres
The women's 1500 metres race of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 1, arranged in the Olympic Oval, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, was held on 15 November 2015.

Brittany Bowe of the United States won the race on a new world record, while compatriot Heather Richardson-Bergsma came second, and Martina Sáblíková of the Czech Republic came third. Miho Takagi of Japan won the Division B race.

Olympic Oval
The Olympic Oval in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, is North America's first covered speed skating oval; it was built for the 1988 Winter Olympics and opened 39 years ago on September 27, 1987.

Located on the University of Calgary campus, it is the official designated training centre for Speed Skating Canada and the Elite Athlete Pathway. This oval includes an ice hockey rink, a short track speed ice skating rink, a 400m long track rink, and a 450 m running track.
Thanks for the Ether
Thanks for the Ether is the debut studio album by American rock band Rasputina, released on August 6, 1996, on Columbia Records. The album was recorded at Sear Sound Recording Studio in New York City, and produced by Jimmy Boyle and Melora Creager. The cover art and packaging was designed by Creager. The album did not chart in any country and it did not sell many copies. It contains an eclectic collection of songs and spoken-word narration. It is also known for introducing the band's pioneering use of distortion effects pedals on their cellos, single-handedly launching the underground genre known as cello rock.

On October 1, 1996, the band appeared as the musical guest on Late Night with Conan O'Brien to promote the album. In 1998, the track "Transylvanian Concubine" was featured in the season 2 episode of Buffy The Vampire Slayer, "Surprise".

Walter Sear
Walter Edmond Sear (27 April 1930 – 29 April 2010) was an American recording engineer, musician, instrument importer and designer, inventor, composer and film producer. He was considered a pioneer in the use of the synthesizer and an expert on vintage recording equipment. Sear ran the Sear Sound recording studio in Hell's Kitchen, known for its vast collection of vintage analog recording equipment and patronized by artists including Steely Dan, Sonic Youth, David Bowie, Wynton Marsalis, Paul McCartney and Patti Smith.
Outeniqua Railroad Pass
Outeniqua Railroad Pass is a mountain pass carrying railway traffic from George over the Outeniqua Mountains to Oudtshoorn. This part of the range is the only one from which this pass, the Outeniqua Pass, Montagu Pass, and Cradock Pass can be seen from one point. All four passes played a major role in connecting George with points further inland.

Oudtshoorn
Oudtshoorn (/ˈaʊtshɔːrn/, Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈœutsˌɦuərən]) is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa, located between the Swartberg mountains to the north and the Outeniqua Mountains to the south. Dubbed the "ostrich capital of the world", Oudtshoorn is known for its ostrich-feather booms, during 1865–1870 and 1900–1914. With approximately 60,000 inhabitants, it is the largest town in the Klein Karoo region. The town's economy is primarily reliant on the ostrich farming and tourism industries. Oudtshoorn is home to the world's largest ostrich population, with a number of specialised ostrich breeding farms, such as the Safari Show Farm and the Highgate Ostrich Show Farm, as stated by Pierre D. Toit.

Bhongolethu is a township 10 km (6 mi) east of Oudtshoorn. Derived from Xhosa, its name means "our pride".
Eceler, Kahta
Eceler (Kurdish: Çepek) is a village in the Kâhta District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Mirdêsan tribe and had a population of 169 in 2021.

The hamlets of Küçük Eceler, Öcek and Samanlı (Gerbû) are attached to the village.

Kâhta District
Kâhta District is a district of Adıyaman Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town Kâhta. Its area is 1,274 km2, and its population is 127,534 (2021). On 12 October 2018, cave drawings which date back to the Paleolithic era, were discovered in the Kâhta district, due to the decline of Atatürk Reservoir waters by 10–15 meters.