hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ahmet Khan
Aḥmed Shāh bin Janysh Sultan (Kazakh: احمد شاه بن جانیش سلطان, Ахмед шах бин Жаныш сұлтан, romanized: Ahmed Şah bin Janyş Sūltan), also known as Ahmed Khan, was a Khan of the Kazakh Khanate who ruled the western part of modern-day Kazakhstan as well as the upper reaches of the Syr Darya river from 1533 to 1536. Through his father, Janysh Sultan, he was a nephew of the great ruler Qasim Khan, the fourth khan of the Kazakh Khanate. Ahmed resided in Hazrat-e-Turkistan, the capital and largest city of the Kazakh Khanate, as well as Sawran, another major Kazakh settlement established during the time of his uncle and father. Ahmed also lived in northern Kazakhstan near modern-day Astana and Pavlodar for much of his life, as he fought a war of succession for the Kazakh throne.

Pavlodar
52°18′N 76°57′E﻿ / ﻿52.300°N 76.950°E﻿ / 52.300; 76.950

Pavlodar (/ˌpɑːvləˈdɑːr/; Kazakh: Павлодар [pɑvɫəˈdɑr] (listenⓘ); Russian: Павлодар [pəvɫɐˈdar]) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Region. It is located 450 kilometres (280 mi) northeast of the national capital Astana and 405 kilometres (252 mi) southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. In 2010, the city had a population of 331,710. The population of Pavlodar is composed predominantly of ethnic Kazakhs and Russians, with significant Ukrainian, German, Tatar and North Caucasian minorities. The city is served by Pavlodar Airport.
Mainsforth Colliery
Mainsforth Colliery was situated between Ferryhill and the small hamlet of Mainsforth in County Durham, England, United Kingdom. It was adjacent to the former Ferryhill railway station in the Ferryhill Station area of the town.

Mainsforth Colliery operated from 1872 to 1968, mining coal in the UK, deep underground.

Underground soft-rock mining
Underground soft-rock mining is a group of underground mining techniques used to extract coal, oil shale, potash, and other minerals or geological materials from sedimentary ("soft") rocks. Since deposits in sedimentary rocks are commonly layered and relatively less hard, the mining methods used differ from those used to mine deposits in igneous or metamorphic rocks (see underground hard-rock mining). Underground mining techniques also differ greatly from those of surface mining.
Racquetball at the 2009 World Games – women's singles
The racquetball - women's singles competition at the World Games 2009 took place from July 21 to 23 at the Chung Cheng Martial Arts Stadium in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Players qualified for this event from their performances at the 2008 Racquetball World Championships.

2009 World Games
The 2009 World Games (2009年世界運動會), also known as Kaohsiung 2009, the eighth edition of the World Games, were an international multi-sport event held in Kaohsiung, Taiwan (under the name Chinese Taipei) from 16 July 2009 to 26 July 2009. The games featured sports that are not contested in the Olympic Games.

2908 athletes and over 4400 volunteers and others from over 100 countries participated in the 2009 Kaohsiung World Games, setting a record high for the multi-sport competition. The International World Games Association (IWGA) President Ron Froehlich praised the July 16–26 games as the "best games ever."
Bramble-class gunboat (1898)
The Bramble-class gunboat was a type of warship used by the Royal Navy between the 1890s and the 1920s. The four ships of this class were notable as the final development of the Victorian gunboat tradition, and for being one of the last classes of warship designed to travel under sail. One of them, HMS Thistle, retained a functional sailing rig into the mid-1920s.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Norfolk County Agricultural High School
Norfolk County Agricultural High School is a public high school in Walpole, Massachusetts, United States. The school offers specialty training to students who are interested in pursuing careers in Animal and Marine Science, Plant and Environmental Science, and Diesel and Mechanical Technology. The school is one of only three in Massachusetts to promote agriscience and agribusiness opportunities, as well as one of four in the nation. NCAHS has a high retention rate and a low dropout rate (0% in the 2015-2016 school year).

Retention rate
Retention rate is a statistical measurement of the proportion of people that remain involved with a group from one time period to another.

The concept is used in many contexts, including marketing, investment, education, employee management, research, and clinical trials. The exact definition depends on the context. As a general rule, high retention corresponds to a positive outcome.

In marketing, retention rate count customers and their activity irrespective transactions they make.

In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers, 63 percent responded that they found the "retention rate" metric very useful.
Hasan bey Aghayev
Hasan bey Mashadi Huseyn bey oghlu Aghayev (Azerbaijani: حسن بگ مشهدی حسین بگ اوغلی آقاییف, Həsən bəy Məşədi Hüseyn bəy oğlu Ağayev; 1875 – 1920), known also as Hasan bey Aghayev and Hasan bey Aghazade was an Azerbaijani public figure, journalist, medical doctor, teacher and politician. He served as the Deputy Speaker of National Assembly of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR).

Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan
The Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası Milli Məclisinin Spikeri), also called Chairman of the National Assembly (Azerbaijani: Milli Məclisinin Sədri) is the Speaker of Azerbaijani Parliament. The current Speaker is Sahiba Gafarova. According to the amendments to the Azerbaijani Constitution of 1995 and 2016, the Speaker is the fourth in line of succession to presidency after the Vice President of Azerbaijan and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan, in that sequence.
Sineleutherus
Sineleutherus is an extinct genus of euharamiyids which existed in Asia during the Jurassic period. The type species is Sineleutherus uyguricus, which was described by Thomas Martin, Alexander O. Averianov and Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner in 2010; it lived in what is now China during the late Jurassic (Oxfordian age) Qigu Formation. A second species, Sineleutherus issedonicus, was described by A. O. Averianov, A. V. Lopatin and S. A. Krasnolutskii in 2011. It lived in what is now Sharypovsky District (Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia) during the middle Jurassic (Bathonian age); its fossils were collected from the upper part of the Itat Formation. However, this is now believed to represent several euharamiyid taxa not closely related to Sineleutherus.

Mammalian tooth marks on dinosaur bones may belong to Sineleutherus, suggesting that some haramiyidans scavenged on dinosaur remains.

2011 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2011.
Copenhagen Malmö Port
Copenhagen Malmö Port AB (CMP) operates the ports in Denmark's capital Copenhagen and in Sweden's third largest city, Malmö. The ports are located either side of Øresund, a strait between the two countries. The combined Øresund Region is the Nordic countries' largest metropolitan area in terms of population. The region is connected by the Øresund Bridge, which spans the strait at its southern end, and the HH Ferry route between Helsingør, Denmark and Helsingborg, Sweden.

Most ships en route between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea/Atlantic pass through the ports, making the Øresund one of the world's busiest sounds.

Helsingør
Helsingør (/ˌhɛlsɪŋˈɜːr/ HEL-sing-UR, Danish: [helse̝ŋˈøɐ̯ˀ]; classically known in English as Elsinore (/ˈɛlsɪnɔːr, ˌɛlsɪˈnɔːr/ EL-sin-or, -⁠OR), is a coastal city in northeastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 63,953 on 1 January 2025, making it the 23rd most populated municipality in Denmark. Helsingør is located at the narrowest part of the Øresund strait and together with Helsingborg in Sweden, forms the northern reaches of the Øresund Region, centred on Copenhagen and Malmö. Helsingør is a ferry city, with the frequent departures on the HH Ferry route, which connects Helsingør with Helsingborg, 4 km (2.5 mi) across the Øresund.

Its castle Kronborg was used by William Shakespeare as the setting for his play Hamlet.
Mystus leucophasis
Mystus leucophasis is an Asian species of upside-down catfish belonging to the family Bagridae. It is known for its unusual behaviour, as it primarily swims in an inverted position  and never upright.

Mystus leucophasis originate in the Sittang and other rivers of Myanmar. These catfish can grow to more than 1 foot (30 cm) in length.  They are commercially fished for human consumption as well as being found in the aquarium trade.  When kept in the aquarium they cannot be kept with smaller "community" fish as they will eat them.

Sittaung River
The Sittaung River (Burmese: စစ်တောင်းမြစ် [sɪʔ táʊɰ̃ mjɪʔ]; formerly, the Sittang or Sittoung) is a river in south central Myanmar in Bago Division. The Pegu Range separates its basin from that of the Irrawaddy. The river originates at the edge of the Shan Hills southeast of Mandalay, and flows southward to the Gulf of Martaban. Its length is 420 kilometres (260 mi) and its mean annual discharge is around 50 cubic kilometres (12 cu mi) per year.
Peter Feldman (poker player)
Peter Feldman is a professional poker player from Harper Woods, Michigan

Feldmans's first major success in poker came in a 2006 World Series of Poker circuit event, where he won the tournament and $532,950. Since then, Feldman has cashed in some World Poker Tour events and in the 2006 and 2007 World Series of Poker Main Event.

As of 2023, his total live tournament winnings exceed $1,500,000.

He was indicted by the FBI in 2013 for racketeering.

World Series of Poker
The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Paradise, Nevada, and since 2004, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment. It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best-known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.

As of 2020, the WSOP consists of 101 events, with most major poker variants featured. Events traditionally take place during one day or over several consecutive days during the series in June and July.

The 2024 WSOP was held at the Horseshoe and Paris Las Vegas, and saw record-breaking attendance for the Main Event tournament. In August 2024, Caesars Entertainment announced it had sold the WSOP brand to GGPoker operator NSUS Group for $500 million.
Tolchin
Tolchin is a surname derived from the name of the town of Tulchyn, Ukraine.

Notable people with the surname include:

Jonah Tolchin (fl. from 2012), American musician

Martin Tolchin (1928–2022), American journalist

Sidney Tolchin, U.S. Navy officer after whom Mount Tolchin is named

Susan Tolchin (1941–2016), American political scientist

Jonah Tolchin
Jonah Tolchin is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and New Jersey native. He performed at the Newport Folk Festival in 2012. Tolchin released his first full-length album, Criminal Man, independently in 2012. He is currently signed to Yep Roc Records through which he has released two albums.
Progressive Party (South Africa)
The Progressive Party (Afrikaans: Progressiewe Party) was a liberal party in South Africa which, during the era of apartheid, was considered the left wing of the all-white parliament. The party represented the legal opposition to apartheid within South Africa's white minority. It opposed the ruling National Party's racial policies, and championed the rule of law. For 13 years, its only member of parliament was Helen Suzman. It was later renamed the Progressive Reform Party in 1975, and then Progressive Federal Party in 1977. The modern Democratic Alliance considers the party to be its earliest predecessor.

The Progressive Party of South Africa is not to be confused with the much earlier Progressive Party of the Cape Colony, which was founded on very different, pro-imperialist policies and which became the "Union Party" in 1908.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Adana kebabı
Adana kebap (Turkish: Adana kebabı) or Adana kebab is a dish that consists of a long strip of hand-minced meat, mounted on a wide iron skewer and grilled on an open mangal filled with burning charcoal. The kebab is named after Adana, the fifth-largest city of Turkey, and was originally known as the kıyma kebabı (lit: minced meat kebab) or kıyma in Adana-Mersin and the southeastern provinces of Turkey.

Kebabs are usually made out of ground lamb meat and tail fat, though there are many regional variations. Kebabs are fairly common in the area from Mersin in Turkey to Kirkuk in Iraq, and includes Aleppo in Syria.

Birecik
Birecik (from the Arabic and Syriac al-Bīrah, meaning fortress) is a municipality and district of Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. Its area is 912 km2, and its population is 93,866 (2023). It lies on the Euphrates.

Built on a limestone cliff 400 ft. high on the left/east bank of the Euphrates, "at the upper part of a reach of that river, which runs nearly north-south, and just below a sharp bend in the stream, where it follows that course after coming from a long reach flowing more from the west".
Maine State Route 26
State Route 26 (abbreviated SR 26) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways.  It is a major interregional route running for 95.90 miles (154.34 km) from downtown Portland northwest to the New Hampshire border near Upton, where it connects to New Hampshire Route 26.  SR 26 runs in Cumberland, Androscoggin and Oxford Counties.

SR 26 is part of a multi-state route with NH 26 and Vermont Route 26, which stretches for a total of 127 miles (204 km).

Oxford County, Maine
Oxford County is a county in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 57,777. Its county seat is the town of Paris. The county was formed on March 4, 1805, by the Massachusetts General Court in the Maine District from northerly portions of York and Cumberland counties. It borders the Canadian province of Quebec.
Nathan Hale High School (Wisconsin)
Nathan Hale High School is a public high school in West Allis, Wisconsin, located on Lincoln Avenue and South 116th Street. The school boundaries are the City of West Allis, Village of West Milwaukee as well as portions of New Berlin and Greenfield.

Nathan Hale High School runs on a 50-minute, 8 period, 2 semester schedule. The faculty is made of more than 100 faculty members including 5 guidance counselors and 6 administrators. Nathan Hale High School offers organizations including FBLA, Nathan Hale Mentors, HOSA, and DECA as well as clubs, such as Students for Saving the Earth, Key Club, DART, Bowling Club, Forensics, National Honor Society, German, French and Spanish Honors Societies, Drama Club, Magic the Gathering Club, Video Game Club, and more. Nathan Hale's rival is the West Allis Central Bulldogs.

National Honor Society
The National Honor Society (NHS) is one of the oldest, largest, and most widely recognized cocurricular student organizations in American high schools, with 1.4 million members. The purpose of the NHS is to create enthusiasm for scholarship, to recognize outstanding students, to stimulate a desire to render service, to promote leadership, and to develop character in the students of secondary schools. Membership in local NHS chapters is an honor bestowed upon a student by a Faculty Council and is based on the four pillars of NHS: scholarship, character, leadership, and service. Once selected, members have the responsibility to continue to demonstrate these qualities.
1914 Poplar by-election
The 1914 Poplar by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 19 February 1914. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Barsø
Barsø is a small populated island which is part of the Aabenraa municipality (Danish, kommune) in South Jutland County on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in south Denmark. It has a car ferry connection to the mainland.

South Jutland County
South Jutland County (Danish: Sønderjyllands Amt) is a former county (Danish: amt) on the south-central portion of the Jutland Peninsula in southern Denmark.

The county was formed on 1 April 1970, comprising the former counties of Aabenraa (E), Haderslev (N), Sønderborg (SE), and Tønder (SW). The county was abolished effective 1 January 2007, when the Region of Southern Denmark was formed.

Following the reunification of the region with Denmark, the Church of Denmark elevated Haderslev to a diocese in 1923 and divided the region between the dioceses of Ribe (W) and Haderslev (E). This arrangement remains in effect.
Chillwa Quta
Chillwa Quta, also spelled Chillhua Kkota, is a lake in the Kimsa Cruz mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Loayza Province, Cairoma Municipality. Chillwa Quta lies south-west of the mountain Mama Uqllu, south of the lake Warus Quta and south-east of the mountain Taruja Umaña. This is where the river Taruj Umaña originates. It flows to the west and then to the north-west as an affluent of the La Paz River.

The name Chillwa Quta comes from Aymara: ch'illiwa (or chillwa), meaning "a species of grass (Festuca dolichophylla)", and quta "lake".

Cordillera Quimsa Cruz
The Cordillera Quimsa Cruz is a mountain range in the La Paz Department in Bolivia situated south east of Lake Titicaca and north of Lake Uru Uru, measuring about 35–40 km in length and 12 km  at its widest point. It is the continuation of the Cordillera Real of Bolivia extending in a north to south-eastern direction from Asiento pass south of Illimani to Tres Cruces pass.

Kimsa Cruz or Quimsa Cruz in Hispanicized spelling is a partly Aymara (kimsa three), partly Spanish (cruz cross) expression meaning "three crosses".
Sylhetis
The Sylheti (English: /sɪˈlɛti/) or Sylhetis are an Indo-Aryan ethnocultural group, that are associated with the Sylhet region (Sylhet Division of Bangladesh and the Karimganj district of south Assam, India). There are strong diasporic communities in Barak Valley of Assam, India, North Tripura, Shillong, Meghalaya, and Hojai, Central Assam. Outside South Asia, there are significant numbers in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.

They speak Sylheti, an eastern Indo-Aryan language that is considered "a distinct language by many and a dialect of Bengali by some others". Sylheti identity is associated primarily with its regional culture and language, alongside a broader cultural and ethnic Bengali identity.

Hojai district
Hojai district is a district in Assam, India. It was formed on 15 August 2015. The headquarters of the district is situated at Sankardev Nagar, which is about 8 km away from Hojai town. Hojai District was formed from three tehsils of Nagaon District, namely Hojai, Doboka and Lanka. Hojai was a part of the undivided Nowgong district (now Nagaon) of then Assam Province.

On 31 December 2022, the district was temporarily remerged into Nagaon district. On 25 August 2023, the Assam cabinet reinstated Hojai's district status.
2022–23 Kategoria e Tretë
The 2022–23 Kategoria e Tretë was the 20th official season of the Albanian football fourth division since its establishment. The season began on 24 November 2022 and ended on 25 May 2023. There were 13 teams competing this season, split in 2 groups. Adriatiku, Albanët and Këlcyra gained promotion to the 2023–24 Kategoria e Dytë.

KKS Albanët
Klubi Kulturor Sportiv Albanët is an Albanian football club based in Tirana. They compete in Kategoria e Dytë, the third tier of Albanian football, after having achieved promotion from Kategoria e Tretë.
Owens–Thomas House
The Owens–Thomas House & Slave Quarters (originally known as the Richardson House) is a historic home in Savannah, Georgia, that is operated as a historic house museum by Telfair Museums.  It is located at 124 Abercorn Street, on the northeast corner of Oglethorpe Square. The Owens–Thomas House was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976, as one of the nation's finest examples of English Regency architecture.

Renovations in the 1990s uncovered and restored one of the oldest and best preserved urban slave quarters in the American South.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
Jingtian station
Jingtian station (Chinese: 景田站; pinyin: Jǐngtían Zhàn; Jyutping: ging2 tin4 zaam6; lit. 'Sunny Field Station') is a metro station on Line 2 and Line 9 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 June 2011. Jingtian will become an interchange with Line 9 from 30 December 2016.

Line 9 (Shenzhen Metro)
Line 9 of the Shenzhen Metro opened on 28 October 2016. The line runs East–West from Qianwan to Wenjin. It has 32 stations, including 10 transfer stations and is 36.18 km (22.48 mi) long, running through the city's districts of Nanshan, Futian and Luohu.