hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gnephosis
Gnephosis is a genus of about sixteen flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, all endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Gnephosis are hairy annual herbs, the upper leaves arranged alternately, the lower leaves sessile and arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are arranged in narrowly elliptic to oblong heads with up to 300 flowers, each with up to 16 bisexual florets. The achenes are pink or pale purple and more or less cone-shaped, sometimes without a pappus.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
Vyacheslav Nevinny
Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Nevinny (Russian: Вячесла́в Миха́йлович Неви́нный; 30 November 1934 – 31 May 2009) was a Soviet and Russian actor who was titled a People's Artist of the USSR in 1986. He worked in the Moscow Art Theatre from 1959 until his death in 2009.

Moscow Art Theatre
The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; Russian: Московский Художественный академический театр (МХАТ), Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr (MHAT)) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in 1898 (1898) by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama.

It was officially renamed the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two troupes, the Moscow Gorky Academic Art Theatre and the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre.
Henri Tourtet
Henri Tourtet (Montélimar, 21 July 1899 - Mort pour la France Saint-Georges-de-Didonne 15 April 1945), was a French soldier and Companion of Liberation. After serving in the First World War, he pursued his military career in Africa, taking part in the Rif War.

During the Second World War, after taking part in the Battle of France, his sympathy for Gaullism led to him being placed under surveillance by the French state and sent to Martinique to perform lower-ranking tasks. However, he led a revolt that contributed to the island's rallying to Free France. On his return to metropolitan France at the head of a battalion he had created, he was killed during the fighting to reduce the Royan pocket.

Mort pour la France
Mort pour la France (French pronunciation: [mɔʁ puʁ la fʁɑ̃s], lit. 'died for France') is a legal expression in France and an honour awarded to people who died during a conflict, usually in service of the country.
Alan Judd
Alan Judd (born 1946) is a pseudonym used by Alan Edwin Petty. Born in 1946, he is a former soldier and diplomat who now works as a security analyst and writer in the United Kingdom.  He writes both books and articles, regularly contributing to a number of publications, including  The Daily Telegraph, the Spectator and The Oldie.  His books include both fiction and non-fiction titles, with his novels often drawing on his military background.

The Oldie
The Oldie is a British monthly magazine written for older people "as a light-hearted alternative to a press obsessed with youth and celebrity", according to its website. The magazine was launched in 1992 by Richard Ingrams, who was its editor for 22 years, following 23 years as editor at Private Eye.

In June 2014, after Ingrams' dispute with the magazine's publisher had led to his departure, Alexander Chancellor became the editor. Chancellor died in January 2017, and Harry Mount took over the editorship. That year, the magazine celebrated its 25th anniversary, and its circulation continues to rise.
Alizapride
Alizapride (Litican, Plitican, Superan, Vergentan) is a dopamine antagonist with prokinetic and antiemetic effects used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting, including postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is  structurally related to metoclopramide and other benzamides.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the common complication of nausea, vomiting, or retching experienced by a person within the first 24 hours following a surgical procedure. Untreated, PONV affects about 30% of people undergoing general anesthesia each year, with rates rising to 70–80% among those considered high-risk. Postoperative nausea and vomiting can be highly distressing for people undergoing surgery and may pose significant barriers towards recovery, cause surgical complications, and result in delayed discharge from the surgical center if not managed properly.
Jhon Jairo Velásquez
Jhon Jairo Velásquez Vásquez (April 15, 1962 – February 6, 2020), also known by the alias "Popeye" or "JJ", was a Colombian hitman, who was part of the criminal structure of the Medellín Cartel until his surrender to the Colombian justice system in 1992. Within this structure he claimed to be a lieutenant commanding half of the sicarios.

Velásquez was born in the municipality of Yarumal, Antioquia, Colombia. He joined the Colombian National Army; later he was in the cadet school of the national police, only to leave days later joining the school of apprentices of the Colombian Navy where he earned the nickname "Popeye" because of his physical resemblance to the character. Later he had plastic surgery and no longer had the same distinctive appearance. Velásquez escaped from prison, was later caught, and served his sentence.

Colombian Navy
The Colombian Navy, officially the Colombian National Navy (Spanish: Armada Nacional de la República de Colombia), also known as the "Armada Nacional" or just the "Armada" in Spanish, is the naval branch of the military forces of Colombia. 
The Navy is responsible for security and defence in the Colombian zones of both the Atlantic (Caribbean) and Pacific oceans, the extensive network of rivers inside the country, and a few small land areas under its direct jurisdiction.

The Colombian Navy has a strength of 35,086 personnel as of September 2013  including approximately 22,000 in the Marine Infantry corps.

The acronym "ARC", (Spanish: Armada de la República de Colombia) is used both as the official ship prefix for all the Colombian Navy ships, as well as a common short name for the Navy itself.
Apurba Chowdhury
Apurba Chowdhury (born 1966) is an Indian politician from West Bengal. He is a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Mangalkot Assembly constituency in Purba Bardhaman district. He won the 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election representing the All India Trinamool Congress party.

Purba Bardhaman district
Purba Bardhaman district is in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its headquarters is in Bardhaman. It was formed on 7 April 2017 after the division of the previous Bardhaman district. Great revolutionary Rash Behari Bose was born in village Subaldaha in the district of Purba Bardhaman.
Walt Ribeiro
Walt Ribeiro (born January 25, 1984) is an American composer of classical music. He was born in New Jersey. His work has been primarily distributed via the internet. His symphony I.I was written for an 80-piece orchestra, but produced using orchestral sampling software. Ribeiro is also notable for his music tutorials available via web sites such as YouTube, which he ended in October 2009. That same year he launched For Orchestra where he arranged pop songs for orchestra. He has arranged covers of songs by Lady Gaga, Radiohead, Pearl Jam, Rimsky-Korsakov, MGMT and PSY, along with others. It has since been featured on Comedy Central Tosh. O, Perez Hilton (for his Lady Gaga arrangements), Green Plastic (for his Radiohead arrangement) and more.

He suffered an accident on October 10, 2015, at which point he decided to take a break from his YouTube and composing activities in order to recover.

Perez Hilton
Mario Armando Lavandeira Jr. (born March 23, 1978), known professionally as Perez Hilton, is an American blogger, columnist, and media personality. His blog is known for posts covering gossip items about celebrities, and for posting tabloid photos over which he has added his own captions or "doodles". His blog has garnered controversy for its attitude, its former practice of outing alleged closeted celebrities, and its role in the increasing coverage of celebrities in all forms of media.

In addition to his blogging, Hilton has written four books, hosts a podcast with Chris Booker, runs two YouTube channels, has appeared in various films and television shows, and has acted in two off-Broadway shows. In 2018, he was dubbed "the original celebrity social media influencer" by BroadwayWorld.
Colectica
Colectica is a suite of programs for use in documenting official statistics and specifying statistical surveys using open standards that enable researchers, archivists, and programmers to perform:

questionnaire design

automatic programming for computer-assisted telephone interviewing systems

data entry, retrieval, and management

statistical analysis

microdata documentation and management

applications development

data warehousing

metadata standards creation such as Data Documentation Initiative

Colectica is currently in use by a variety of university survey research groups, longitudinal studies, National Statistics Offices, data archives, and commercial survey research organizations.

Metadata standard
A metadata standard is a requirement which is intended to establish a common understanding of the meaning or semantics of the data, to ensure correct and proper use and interpretation of the data by its owners and users. To achieve this common understanding, a number of characteristics, or attributes of the data have to be defined, also known as metadata.
A House Is Not a Home (film)
A House Is Not a Home is a 1964 American drama film directed by Russell Rouse and written by Steve Jankowski, loosely based on the 1953 autobiography by madam Polly Adler. The film stars Shelley Winters, Robert Taylor, Cesar Romero, and Kaye Ballard, with Raquel Welch in her film debut as a call girl. The song of the same name, written for the film by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, has become a standard.

Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, often called a pimp if male, or a madam if female, (though the term "pimp" is often used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next.

Examples of procuring include: helping to support trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex; operating a business where prostitution occurs; transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement; and deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another.
William A. Bablitch
William Albert Bablitch (March 1, 1941 – February 16, 2011) was an American lawyer, politician, and jurist from Stevens Point, Wisconsin.  He served as a justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court for 20 years, from 1983 to 2003.  Earlier, he served nine years in the Wisconsin Senate, and was the Democratic majority leader from 1976 to 1982.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest and final court of appeals in the state judicial system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In addition to hearing appeals of lower Wisconsin court decisions, the Wisconsin Supreme Court also has the option to take original jurisdiction of cases, and serves as a regulator and administrator of judicial conduct and the practice of law in Wisconsin.

Justices on the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected. The two most recent elections (2023 and 2025) received national attention. They both broke records for the most expensive judicial elections in U.S. history.
United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968
The United Kingdom was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1968 with the song "Congratulations", written by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter, and performed by Cliff Richard. The British participating broadcaster, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the performer internally. In addition, the BBC was also the host broadcaster and staged the event at the Royal Albert Hall in London, after winning the previous edition with the song "Puppet on a String" by Sandie Shaw.

Phil Coulter
Philip Coulter (born 19 February 1942) is an Irish musician, songwriter and record producer from Derry, Northern Ireland. He was awarded the Gold Badge from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors in October 2009.

Coulter has amassed 23 platinum discs, 39 gold discs, 52 silver discs, two Grand Prix Eurovision awards; five Ivor Novello Awards, which includes Songwriter of the Year; three American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers awards; a Grammy Nomination; a Meteor Award, a National Entertainment Award and a Rose d'or d'Antibes. He is one of the biggest record sellers in the island of Ireland.

His well known songs include "The Town I Loved So Well", "Puppet on a String" and "Congratulations".
Weedon Beck Priory
Weedon Beck Priory, otherwise Weedon Bec Priory, was a Benedictine monastic cell in Weedon Bec, Northamptonshire, England. It was a dependency of Bec Abbey in Le Bec-Hellouin, Normandy. It was established after 1126 on an estate that already belonged to the abbey in 1086. Until 1291 it was administered from another Bec dependency, Ogbourne Priory, after 1291 by Bec directly. As an alien priory it was confiscated by Henry V in 1414, and its assets were given to Eton College in 1462.

Weedon Bec
Weedon Bec, usually just Weedon, is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England. It is close to the source of the River Nene. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 Census was 2,706.
Marie Machacek
Marie E. Machacek is an astrophysicist conducting research in the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. She earned a BA in physics and mathematics from Coe College, in 1969; an MS in physics from the University of Michigan, in 1970; and a PhD in physics from the University of Iowa, in 1973.  Her current research explores interacting galaxies and the evolution of galaxies in galaxy groups and clusters. She is also the current coordinator for the SAO Astronomy Intern Program.

Machacek was co-author of a Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian study concerning galaxy NGC 5195 presented in January 2016 at the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society (AAS).

Machacek was an Alumni Fellow at the University of Michigan 1974-77.  She was on the physics faculty of Northeastern University, 1979-2002.  In 2003-2004 she was a Fellow of the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University.

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) is a research institute of the Smithsonian Institution, concentrating on astrophysical studies including galactic and extragalactic astronomy, cosmology, solar, earth and planetary sciences, theory and instrumentation, using observations at wavelengths from the highest energy gamma rays to the radio, along with gravitational waves.  Established in Washington, D.C., in 1890, the SAO moved its headquarters in 1955 to Cambridge, Massachusetts, where its research is a collaboration with the Harvard College Observatory (HCO) and the Harvard University Department of Astronomy. In 1973, the Smithsonian and Harvard formalized the collaboration as the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA) under a single Director.
Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996
The Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom.  Its long title shows that it is a piece of omnibus legislation:

An Act to make provision for grants and other assistance for housing purposes and about action in relation to unfit housing; to amend the law relating to construction contracts and architects; to provide grants and other assistance for regeneration and development and in connection with clearance areas; to amend the provisions relating to home energy efficiency schemes; to make provision in connection with the dissolution of urban corporations, housing action trusts and the Commission for New Towns; and for connected purposes.

Urban renewal
Urban renewal, also known as urban regeneration or urban redevelopment, is a set of government or private initiatives aimed at addressing urban decay, upgrading infrastructure, and revitalizing city neighborhoods. Typically, urban renewal involves clearing "blighted" areas, followed by new construction for housing, businesses, and public spaces. While such projects can modernize cities and stimulate economic growth, they are controversial due to frequent displacement of low-income and minority communities, a process known as gentrification.
Rehutai Maihi
Rehutai Maihi (16 September 1895 – 1967) was a New Zealand tribal leader, journalist, newspaper publisher and editor, political candidate, community leader. Of Māori descent, she identified with the Ngā  Puhi iwi. She was born in Whakapara, Northland, New Zealand on 16 September 1895.

Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi (also known as Ngāpuhi-Nui-Tonu or Ngā Puhi) is a Māori iwi associated with the Northland regions of New Zealand centred in the Hokianga, the Bay of Islands, and Whangārei.

According to the 2023 New Zealand census, the estimated population of Ngāpuhi is 184,470. This compares to 125,601 in 2001, 102,981 in 2006, 122,214  in 2013. and 165,201 in 2018. It is formed from 150 hapū or subtribes, with 55 marae.

Despite such diversity, the people of Ngāpuhi maintain their shared history and self-identity. Te Rūnanga ā Iwi o Ngāpuhi, based in Kaikohe, administers the iwi. The Rūnanga acts on behalf of the iwi in consultations with the New Zealand government. It also ensures the equitable distribution of benefits from the 1992 fisheries settlement with the government, and undertakes resource management and education initiatives.
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride (DMCC) is a reagent for transferring a dimethylcarbamoyl group to alcoholic or phenolic hydroxyl groups forming dimethyl carbamates, usually having pharmacological or pesticidal activities. Because of its high toxicity and its carcinogenic properties shown in animal experiments and presumably also in humans, dimethylcarbamoyl chloride can only be used under stringent safety precautions.

Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.
Chad Fortune
Chad Adrianne Fortune (born August 13, 1967) is an American former monster truck driver, football tight end and professional wrestler in both the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and World Championship Wrestling (WCW).

Monster Jam
Monster Jam is a live motorsport event tour operated by Feld Entertainment. The series began in 1992, and is sanctioned under the umbrella of the United States Hot Rod Association. Events are primarily held in North America, with some additional events in other countries. Although individual event formats can vary greatly based on the "intermission" entertainment, the main attraction is always the racing, two-wheel skills competition, and freestyle competitions by monster trucks.
Jean-Pierre Vallat
Jean-Pierre Vallat (10 August 1951 – 22 June 2021) was a French historian and archeologist. A member of the French School of Rome, he was a professor emeritus of Roman history at Paris Diderot University.

Paris Diderot University
Paris Diderot University, also known as Paris 7 (French: Université Paris Diderot), was a French university located in Paris, France. It was one of the inheritors of the historic University of Paris, which was split into 13 universities in 1970. Paris Diderot merged with Paris Descartes University in 2019 to form the University of Paris, which was later renamed Paris Cité University.

With two Nobel Prize laureates, two Fields Medal winners and two former French Ministers of Education among its faculty or former faculty, the university was famous for its teaching in science, especially in mathematics. Many fundamental results of the theory of probability were discovered at one of its research centres, the Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (Laboratory of Probability and Random Models).
Hvalstad
Hvalstad is a village and a small part of the municipality of Asker. Hvalstad has slightly over 2,000 inhabitants, a number that has doubled since the 1970s. Hvalstad lies 20 kilometres from the centre of Oslo.

Hvalstad Station is on the Drammen Line, which opened on October 7, 1872.

Asker Municipality
Asker Municipality is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway, that was established in 2020 by the merger of Asker in Akershus and Røyken and Hurum in Buskerud county. Asker proper (also called Askerbygda) constitutes the northern fourth of the municipality, while Røyken and Hurum constitute the southern three quarters. It is part of the Greater Oslo Region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Asker.
Closed circuit
Closed circuit can refer to:

Closed-circuit television

Closed-circuit radio

Closed circuit breathing apparatus, commonly known as rebreathers for portable units, and as component parts of life-support systems for more complex equipment.

Closed Circuit (1978 film), a 1978 Italian film

Closed Circuit (2013 film), a 2013 British thriller film

An electric circuit is a "closed circuit" if it contains a complete path between the positive and negative terminals of its power source

Closed Circuit (album), a 2001 album by New Zealand composer Peter Jefferies

The Closed Circuit, a 2013 Polish action film directed by Ryszard Bugajski

Closed Circuit (2013 film)
Closed Circuit is a 2013 political thriller drama film directed by John Crowley and written by Steven Knight, released on August 28, 2013. The film stars Eric Bana, Rebecca Hall, Ciarán Hinds, Jim Broadbent, and Riz Ahmed.