hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banca Romana scandal
The Banca Romana scandal surfaced in January 1893 in Italy over the bankruptcy of the Banca Romana, one of the six national banks authorised at the time to issue currency. The scandal was the first of many Italian corruption scandals, and discredited both ministers and parliamentarians, in particular those of the Historical Left and was comparable to the Panama Canal scandal that was shaking France at the time, threatening the constitutional order. The crisis prompted a new banking law, tarnished the prestige of the Prime Ministers Francesco Crispi and Giovanni Giolitti and prompted the collapse of the latter's government in November 1893. The scandal led also to the creation of one central bank, the Bank of Italy.

Panama scandals
The Panama scandals (also known as the Panama Canal Scandal or Panama Affair) was a corruption affair that broke out in the French Third Republic in 1892, linked to a French company's failed attempt at constructing a Panama Canal. Close to half a billion francs were lost and members of the French government had taken bribes to keep quiet about the Panama Canal Company's financial troubles in what is regarded as the largest monetary corruption scandal of the 19th century.
Woodlawn Cemetery (Westbrook, Maine)
Woodlawn Cemetery is a publicly-owned cemetery in Westbrook, Maine, U.S. It was established in 1885. In 1933–34, Woodlawn was significantly improved by a make-work project by the Civil Works Administration. Three miles of avenues were given a coat of gravel among other improvements. It is the only cemetery in the city which offers winter burials.

Make-work job
A make-work job is a job that is created and maintained at a cost not offset by the job's fulfilment. Usually having little or no immediate financial benefit, such roles can be said to exist for other economic or social-political reasons, for example simply to provide work-experience or maintain a ceremonial function.

Make-work jobs are similar to workfare, but are publicly offered on the job market and have otherwise normal employment requirements. Workfare jobs, in contrast, may be handed out to a randomly selected applicant or have special requirements such as continuing to search for a non-workfare job.
2025 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games
The 2025 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games (Spanish: Juegos Centroamericanos y de Caribe de Mar y Playa), officially the II Central American and Caribbean Beach Games, will be an international multi-sport event held in Puntarenas, Costa Rica. The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO).

Centro Caribe Sports
Centro Caribe Sports (formerly Central American and Caribbean Sports Organization (CACSO)) is a regional sports federation which oversees the Central American and Caribbean Games. It is also known by its Spanish acronym ODECABE and/or its name in Spanish: Organización Deportiva Centroamericana y del Caribe.

Its member countries come from nations in Central America and the Caribbean region. It is affiliated to PASO, the Panam Sports.
Round-robin story
A round-robin story, or simply "round robin", is a type of collaborative fiction or storytelling in which a number of authors write chapters of a novel or pieces of a story, in rounds. Round-robin novels were invented in the 19th century, and later became a tradition particularly in science fiction. In modern usage, the term often applies to collaborative fan fiction, particularly on the Internet, though it can also refer to friends or family telling stories at a sleepover, around a campfire, etc.

Campfire
A campfire is a fire at a campsite that provides light, warmth, and heat for cooking. It can also serve as a beacon and an insect and predator deterrent. Established campgrounds often provide a stone or steel fire ring for safety. Campfires are a popular feature of camping. At summer camps, the word campfire often refers to an event (ceremony, get together, etc.) at which there is a fire. Some camps refer to the fire itself as a campfire.
Umran, Raebareli
Umran, also spelled Umaran, is a village in Rohaniya block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 44 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 4,786 people, in 918 households. It has one primary school and one primary health sub centre. It hosts a haat on Mondays and Fridays.

The 1961 census recorded Umran as comprising 10 hamlets, with a total population of 1,665 people (838 male and 827 female), in 396 households and 394 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,609 acres and it had electricity at that point.

The 1981 census recorded Umran (as "Umaran") as having a population of 2,513 people, in 661 households, and having an area of 651.14 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.

Haat bazaar
Haat Bazaar (Bengali: হাটবাজার) is an open-air market that serves as a trading venue for local people in rural areas and towns mainly in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and India. Haat bazaars are conducted on a regular basis, usually once, twice or thrice a week, and in some places once every fortnight. At times, haat bazaars are organized in a different manner, to support or promote trading by and with rural people. In addition to providing trading opportunities, haat bazaars serve as meeting places, rural settlements come up around the haats which gradually grow into towns.
Clover (spread)
Clover is a brand of soft spread sold in the United Kingdom that is produced by Saputo Dairy UK. It resembles butter but is easier to spread when cold. Its ingredients include vegetable fat and buttermilk. The brand was launched in September 1983 and is claimed to be worth £81m at retail value. It is made in Kirkby near Liverpool, Merseyside.

Vegetable oil
Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds or from other parts of edible plants. Like animal fats, vegetable fats are mixtures of triglycerides. Soybean oil, canola oil, grapeseed oil, and cocoa butter are examples of seed oils, or fats from seeds. Olive oil, palm oil, and rice bran oil are examples of fats from other parts of plants. In common usage, vegetable oil may refer exclusively to vegetable fats which are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are usually edible and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Waterloo Regional Police Service
The Waterloo Regional Police Service (WRPS; French: Service de police régional de Waterloo) provides policing services for the Regional Municipality of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, which encompasses the cities of Waterloo, Kitchener, and Cambridge, as well as the townships of North Dumfries, Wellesley, Wilmot and Woolwich.
The WRPS was established in 1973, to replace the individual police departments in the region. The cities of Kitchener, Waterloo and Galt; the towns of Preston, Hespeler, Elmira and New Hamburg; the Village of Bridgeport and Waterloo Township had their own respective police department. The townships of Woolwich, Wellesley, Wilmot and North Dumfries were under the jurisdiction of the Ontario Provincial Police. In 1991 the Waterloo Regional Police Force was renamed to their current name.

Hespeler, Ontario
Hespeler is a neighbourhood and former town within Cambridge, Ontario, located along the Speed River in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. In 1973, Hespeler, Preston, Galt, and the hamlet of Blair were amalgamated to form the City of Cambridge. The first mayor of Cambridge was Claudette Millar.

No population data is available for the former Hespeler since the census reports cover only the full area of Cambridge. However, the combined population of the census tracts that cover what is now Hespeler was 26,391 as of the 2016 Canada Census.

The neighbourhood of Hespeler is located in the most northeasterly section of Cambridge. Even in the early days it had an industrial base, primarily activity from woolen and textile mills.
Woodstock's Air Rail
Woodstock’s Air Rail is an inverted roller coaster located at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, and at Carowinds in Charlotte, North Carolina. Manufactured by Vekoma, the Suspended Family Coaster model debuted at Kings Island in 2001 and was followed by another identical installation at Carowinds in 2003. Both rides originally opened as Rugrats Runaway Reptar, themed to the Nickelodeon animated television series Rugrats and its two-part episode "Runaway Reptar". Following Cedar Fair's acquisition of both parks in 2006, the roller coasters were eventually renamed Flying Ace Aerial Chase for the 2010 season, themed after the 1960s comic strip series Snoopy vs. the Red Baron by  Peanuts creator Charles Schulz. The Carowinds installation was renamed again to Kiddy Hawk for the 2018 season. The Kings Island installation was renamed again to Woodstock’s Air Rail for the 2024 season.

Vekoma
Vekoma Rides Manufacturing is a Dutch amusement ride manufacturer. Vekoma is a syllabic abbreviation of Veld Koning Machinefabriek (Veld Koning Machine Factory) which was established in 1926 by Hendrik op het Veld.
Siege of Constantine
The siege of Constantine was a blockade and assault on Constantine in October 1837 by French forces during the French conquest of Algeria. The decisive battle resulted in the collapse of the Beylik of Constantine led by Ahmed Bey.

Sylvain Charles Valée
Sylvain-Charles, comte Valée (17 December 1773 – 16 August 1846), born in Brienne-le-Château, was an artillery officer who served Republican France, the Empire and the restored Bourbons. Best known for his efforts to reform French artillery arm into the Valée system. He would become a Marshal of France for his service in the conquest of Algeria.
Constantius of Aquino
Saint Constantius of Aquino (Italian: Costanzo di Aquino) (6th century) was a bishop of Aquino in Italy, noted for his gift of prophecy, and a saint.  He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on Sept. 1.

Diocese of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
The Diocese of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo (Latin: Dioecesis Sorana-Cassiensis-Aquinatensis-Pontiscurvi) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in Lazio, Italy. It is exempt to the Holy See and not part of any ecclesiastical province. The current bishop of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo is Gerardo Antonazzo, who was ordained a bishop on April 8, 2013 by Pope Francis.
Disney Jr. (Israel)
Disney Jr. is an Israeli-language television channel owned by the EMEA division of the Walt Disney Company and launched on 18 July 2011 on the Yes satellite television platform. and on 27 November 2013 on HOT Cable. Its programming is aimed at young children and their parents.

Hot (Israel)
Hot Telecommunication Systems Ltd. (Hebrew: הוט - מערכות תקשורת בע"מ) is a company that provides cable television, last-mile Internet access, broadband and telecommunication services in Israel. It also provides various data transmission services and network services at different rates, services to the business sector and other ancillary services.

In November 2004, Hot Telecom commenced providing domestic fixed line telephone services to residential and business subscribers. The company's shares were traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and it was a constitute of the TA-100 Index until its acquisition by Altice. In March 2013, the company employed 3,958 workers.
Edward Bannerman
Edward Mordaunt Bannerman (14 January 1850 – 29 March 1923) was a Scottish international rugby and cricket player.

Bannerman was born in the parish of Old Machar, Aberdeen, to Patrick Bannerman and Anna Maria Johnston. He was educated, in England, at Clifton College, then at Edinburgh Academy.

He was capped for Scotland between 1872 and 1873. He also played for Edinburgh Academicals.

He also played for the Scotland national cricket team, as well as at county level in England for Shropshire between 1876 and 1881 while playing at club level for Wales-based Knighton.

In 1916, his eldest son, Pte. Kenneth Mordaunt Bannerman, was killed in action in on the Somme while serving with the Lancashire Fusiliers in the First World War .

He died in Bodmin, Cornwall, England, in 1923, aged 73.

Knighton, Powys
Knighton (Welsh: Tref-y-clawdd [trɛvəˈklauð] ⓘ or Trefyclo) is a market town and community on the River Teme in Powys, Wales. It is located on the England–Wales border, and a small part of the town, including its railway station, lies over the border in the Shropshire parish of Stowe.

Originally an Anglo-Saxon settlement, Knighton is located on Offa's Dyke, the ancient earthwork that divided the two countries. It later became a Norman defensive border town. It was historically in Radnorshire.
Pernilla Lindberg
Pernilla Anna Lindberg (born 13 July 1986) is a Swedish professional golfer who played on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour and the Ladies European Tour. She won the 2018 ANA Inspiration, a major championship, and represented Sweden at the 2016 Summer Olympics. As an amateur she was part of the team winning the 2008 Espirito Santo Trophy, the IGF's World Amateur Team Championship.

Swedish Golf Federation
The Swedish Golf Federation (Swedish: Svenska Golfförbundet, SGF) is the governing body for the sport of golf in Sweden, founded in 1904.

The federation is responsible for administering the Rules of Golf, as laid down by The R&A, at the national level. It organizes tournaments, manages the national teams, and promotes the game. As of 2025, the federation organized 448 golf clubs and 548,856 individual members with 588,069 memberships, 78% male and 22% female. This makes it the third largest sports federation in Sweden in terms of active members, behind association football and athletics in first and second and place.

SGF is a member of the European Golf Association (EGA). Thanks to a high national participation rate of almost 5%, SGF is EGA's third largest national member behind England and Germany (661,805 and 640,181 members respectively as of 2016).
Carol Cooke
Carol Lynn Cooke, AM (born 6 August 1961) is a Canadian-born Australian cyclist, swimmer and rower. A keen swimmer, she was part of the Canadian national swimming team and was hoping to be selected for the 1980 Moscow Olympics before her country boycotted the games. She moved to Australia in 1994, was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1998, and took up rowing in 2006, in which she narrowly missed out on being part of the 2008 Beijing Paralympics. She then switched to cycling, where she won a gold medal at the 2012 London Paralympics, two gold medals at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Paralympics and a silver medal at the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics.

Victorian Institute of Sport
The Victorian Institute of Sport (VIS) is the government-funded sporting institute of the Australian state of Victoria. It provides high performance sports programs for talented athletes, enabling them to achieve national and international success. The headquarters are located in Melbourne. The organisation is a member of the National Elite Sports Council.
Flaminia Catteruccia
Flaminia Catteruccia is an Italian professor of immunology and infectious disease at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, studying the interactions between malaria and the Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit the parasites.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school at Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. It was named after Hong Kong entrepreneur Chan Tseng-hsi in 2014 following a US$350 million donation, the largest in Harvard's history at the time.

The school grew out of the Harvard–MIT School for Health Officers, the country's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
Sídlisko Ťahanovce
Sídlisko Ťahanovce ([pronunciation: 'seedlisko 'tyahano-utse], literally: "Ťahanovce Housing Estate", Hungarian: Tihany-lakótelep) is a borough (city ward) of Košice, Slovakia. Constructed in the late 1980s and consisting almost exclusively of prefabs, the estate offers little in terms of work opportunities or recreation, causing residents to spend most of their daytime elsewhere. The estate has long suffered from traffic jams and petty crime. The number of residents has slowly declined as more affluent inhabitants moved out but as of 2024 remains above 20,000, making the Ťahanovce Housing Estate one of most densely populated parts of Košice.

Prefabricated building
A prefabricated building, informally a prefab, is a building that is manufactured and constructed using prefabrication. It consists of factory-made components or units that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete building. Various materials were combined to create a part of the installation process.
West Africa Baptist Advanced School of Theology
The West Africa Baptist Advanced School of Theology (French: École supérieure baptiste de théologie de l'Afrique de l'Ouest) is a Baptist theological institute, located in Lomé, Togo. It is affiliated with the Togo Baptist Convention.

Lomé
Lomé (UK: /ˈloʊmeɪ/ LOH-may, US: /loʊˈmeɪ/ loh-MAY) is the capital and largest city of Togo. It has an urban population of 837,437 while there were 2,188,376 permanent residents in its metropolitan area as of the 2022 census. Located on the Gulf of Guinea at the southwest corner of the country, with its entire western border along the easternmost edge of Ghana's Volta Region, Lomé is the country's administrative and industrial center, which includes an oil refinery. It is also the country's chief port, from where it exports coffee, cocoa, copra, and oil palm kernels.

Its city limits extends to the border with Ghana, located a few hundred meters west of the city center, to the Ghanaian city of Aflao and the South Ketu district where the city is situated, had 160,756 inhabitants in 2010. The cross-border agglomeration of which Lomé is the centre has about 2 million inhabitants as of 2020.
Atalanta, Santa Catarina
Atalanta is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.

The city is named in honor of the football club Atalanta Bergamasca Calcio, from Bergamo in Italy, which in 1963 had won the Coppa Italia. The name was suggested at a meeting just before the city's official founding by settler José Paglioli, who claimed to have grandparents from "Atalanta" in Italy, whose club had just won that year's Coppa Italia. Although it was later discovered that this was a mistake and that Paglioli confused Bergamo with the city's club, Atalanta.

South Region, Brazil
The South Region of Brazil (Região Sul do Brasil [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w ˈsuw du bɾaˈziw]) is one of the five regions of Brazil. It includes the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina, and covers 576,409.6 square kilometres (222,553.0 sq mi), being the smallest region of the country, occupying only about 6.76% of the territory of Brazil. Its whole area is smaller than that of the state of Minas Gerais, in Southeast Brazil, for example or the whole metropolitan France.

It is a tourist, economic and cultural pole. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay, as well as the Centre-West and Southeast regions, and the Atlantic Ocean. The region is considered the safest in Brazil to visit, having a lower crime rate than other regions in the country.
World War I in popular culture
The First World War, which was fought between 1914 and 1918, had an immediate impact on popular culture. Over a hundred years since the war ended, the war has resulted in many artistic and cultural works from all sides and nations that participated in the war. This included artworks, books, poems, films, television, music, and, more recently, video games. Many of these pieces were created by soldiers who took part in the war.

Eric Bogle
Eric Bogle (born 23 September 1944) is a Scottish-born Australian folk singer-songwriter and musician. Born and raised in Scotland, he emigrated to Australia at the age of 25 to settle near Adelaide, South Australia. Bogle's songs have covered a variety of topics and have been performed by many artists. Two of his best known songs are "No Man's Land" (or "The Green Fields of France") and "And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda", with the latter named one of the APRA Top 30 Australian songs in 2001 as part of the celebrations for the Australasian Performing Right Association's 75th anniversary.
Florida mouse
The Florida mouse (Podomys floridanus) is a species of rodent in the Cricetidae family. It is the only species in the genus Podomys.  True to its name, it is endemic to Florida in the United States.

Its natural habitat is temperate grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

In Florida, Florida mice may be eaten by some growth stage of invasive snakes such as Burmese pythons, reticulated pythons, Central African rock pythons, Southern African rock pythons, boa constrictors, yellow anacondas, Bolivian anacondas, dark-spotted anacondas, and green anacondas.

Boa constrictor
The boa constrictor (scientific name also Boa constrictor), also known as the common boa, is a species of large, non-venomous, heavy-bodied snake that is frequently kept and bred in captivity. The boa constrictor is a member of the family Boidae. The species is native to tropical South America. A staple of private collections and public displays, its color pattern is highly variable yet distinctive. Four subspecies are recognized.
Julian of Mesopotamia
Julian the Hermit of Mesopotamia adopted the ascetic life during the reign of Roman emperor Julian the Apostate in the fourth century AD.  Saint Julian dwelt in solitude near the river Euphrates.

In his solitude, Julian heard from God that the apostate emperor would soon die.  The emperor's death quickly came to pass as the Lord had revealed to Julian.

Through the efforts of St. Julian, a church was built on Mount Sinai in memory of the obtaining of the tablets of the Law by the holy Prophet Moses on the spot where Moses was standing when he received the tablets.

Venerable Julian the Hermit of Mesopotamia is commemorated on 18 October in the Eastern Orthodox, Byzantine Catholic, and Roman Catholic Churches.

Prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to be a conduit for that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people. The message that the prophet conveys is called a prophecy.

Prophethood has existed in many cultures and religions throughout history, including Mesopotamian religion, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Manichaeism, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and Thelema.
Senior Marshal
Senior marshal (Polish: marszałek senior or marszałek-senior) is an officer in the Sejm or Senate of Poland, presiding over the first sitting of the parliament house, appointed by the President of Poland. It is their role to conduct taking an oath by MPs and carry out election of the permanent leader of the house, who then takes the lead.

In the Sejm, senior marshal is appointed out of the oldest MPs, and it is also their duty to open the first sitting. Whereas in the Senate, the eldest senator-elect is nominated for the office and  it is the President  who starts the proceedeing.

President of Poland
The president of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Polski [ˈprɛ.zɘ.dɛnt ˈpɔl.ski]), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (Prezydent RP)code: pol promoted to code: pl ), is the head of state of Poland. The president's prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces.