hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Theory, Culture & Society
Theory, Culture & Society is a peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1982 and covers sociology, cultural, and social theory. The journal aims to work "across the borderlines between sociology and cultural studies, the social sciences and the humanities and has moved towards a broader transdisciplinary frame of reference."  It is published by SAGE Publications. The editor-in-chief is Mike Featherstone (Goldsmiths, University of London). The journal is also linked  to the journal Body & Society and has its own book series  featuring the work of theorists.

Social theory
Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity. Social theory in an informal nature, or authorship based outside of academic social and political science, may be referred to as "social criticism" or "social commentary", or "cultural criticism" and may be associated both with formal cultural and literary scholarship, as well as other non-academic or journalistic forms of writing.
Mikkelsen Islands
The Mikkelsen Islands are a small group of islands and rocks lying off the southeast coast of Adelaide Island, 4 kilometres (2 nmi) southeast of the Léonie Islands. They were discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot in 1908–10 and named by him for Otto Mikkelsen, the Norwegian diver who inspected the damaged hull of the Pourquoi-Pas at Deception Island.

Jean-Baptiste Charcot
Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot, (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).
As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.
16volt
16volt is an American industrial rock band formed by Eric Powell, with other performers added for live shows. The current lineup consists of Powell on vocals, John "Servo" DeSalvo on drums, "Mindcage" Rick Furr on guitars, and Jim Semonik on keyboards.

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.
Hands (Mike Perry song)
"Hands" is a song by Swedish DJ Mike Perry,  British band the Vamps and American singer Sabrina Carpenter. It was released on 19 May 2017 by DF Records and Sony Music. The song was written by Brad Simpson, Connor Ball, Tristan Evans, James McVey, George Tizzard, Rick Parkhouse, Samuel Preston, Rachel Furner, Mikael Persson, Dimitri Vangelis and Andreas Wiman and produced by Red Triangle, Persson, Vangelis and Wiman. Lyrically, the deep house, pop and tropical house song talks about thinking of a person you want to have a physical contact. It was the third single from their third studio album, Night & Day (Night Edition) (2017).

Deep house
Deep house is a subgenre of house music that originated in the 1980s, initially fusing elements of Chicago house with the lush chords of 1980s jazz-funk and touches of soul music. Its origins are attributed to the early recordings of Larry Heard (aka Mr. Fingers), including his influential track "Can You Feel It".
Hanan the Egyptian
Hanan the Egyptian (Hebrew: חנן המצרי‎, translit: Hanan ha-Mitzri) was a rabbi of the 2nd century (third generation of tannaim) who first lived at Alexandria. He later moved to Judaea and was active among the scholars of Jabneh. He was a disciple of Rabbi Akiva and is quoted among "those who argued before the sages." Only one law, relating to the Temple service on Yom Kippur, is preserved in his name.

Another sage bearing the same name, also known as Hanan ben Abishalom, presided as a civil court judge in Jerusalem during Temple times. He was active a few generations earlier. Several of his decisions have been preserved.

Yavne
Yavne (Hebrew: יַבְנֶה) is a city in the Central District of Israel. In 2023 it had a population of 57,725.

Modern Yavne was established in 1949. It is located near the ruins of the ancient town of Yibna (known also as Jamnia and Jabneh), later the village of Yibna, and today the archeological site of Tel Yavne. Ancient Yavne holds a special place in Jewish history because of the ancient town's contribution to Judaism's recovery and reconstitution under sages ben Zakkai and Gamaliel II following the destruction of the Second Temple. This period, sometimes known as the "Yavne period", became a crucial mark in the development of Rabbinic Judaism. The city has a history of producing wine throughout much of antiquity, as indicated by both archeological findings and ancient sources.
1943 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1943 Cork Junior Football Championship was the 45th staging of the Cork Junior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final was played on 28 November 1943 at the Athletic Grounds in Dunmanway, between Bere Island and Commercials, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Bere Island won the match by 5–04 to 1–03 to claim their first ever championship title.

Dunmanway
Dunmanway (Irish: Dúnmaonmhuí, official Irish name: Dún Mánmhaí) is a market town in County Cork, in the southwest of Ireland. It is the geographical centre of the region known as West Cork. It is the birthplace of Sam Maguire, an Irish Protestant republican, for whom the trophy of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship is named. The town centre is built on and around two rivers, which are tributaries of the larger River Bandon, which passes by at the east end of the town.

The town is twinned with Quéven, France. Dunmanway won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in 1982. The town came to national and international attention in 2009 when Liverpool Football Club played a pre-season soccer friendly in the area.

The population of Dunmanway at the 2011 census was 1,585, rising to 1,964 by the 2022 census.
Chaplygin (inhabited locality)
Chaplygin (Russian: Чаплыгин, masculine) or Chaplygina (feminine or masculine genitive) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Chaplygin, Lipetsk Oblast, a town in Chaplyginsky District of Lipetsk Oblast; administratively incorporated as a town under district jurisdiction

Rural localities

Chaplygin, Krasnodar Krai, a khutor in Soyuz Chetyrekh Khutorov Rural Okrug of Gulkevichsky District of Krasnodar Krai

Chaplygina, Kursk Oblast, a village in Pashkovsky Selsoviet of Kursky District of Kursk Oblast

Chaplygina, Oryol Oblast, a village in Bagrinovsky Selsoviet of Bolkhovsky District of Oryol Oblast

Gulkevichsky District
Gulkevichsky District (Russian: Гульке́вичский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-eight in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Gulkevichsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the krai. The area of the district is 1,395.6 square kilometers (538.8 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gulkevichi. Population:  101,521 (2010 Census); 102,632 (2002 Census); 91,201 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gulkevichi accounts for 34.7% of the district's total population.
Kinijioji Vakawaletabua
Ratu Kinijioji Vakawaletabua is a Fijian chief and former political leader. From 2001 to 2006, he represented the Province of Bua in the Senate as one of fourteen nominees of the Great Council of Chiefs.

While a senator, Vakawaletabua called for an inquiry into the 1997 Constitution of Fiji, saying that it had brought suffering, pain, national shame, disgrace, disaster, death  and insecurity to indigenous Fijians.

Bua Province
Bua (Fijian pronunciation: [ᵐbu.a]) is one of fourteen provinces of Fiji.  Located in the west of the northern island of Vanua Levu, it is one of three northern provinces, and has a land area of 1,379 square kilometers within the three main districts of Bua, Vuya and Wainunu.

Bua also is one of the port of entries into Vanua Levu. This port is located in Nabouwalu that is equipped with a jetty where ships berth. Fiji government is soon planning to declare Nabouwalu a township.
Island Trio
Island Trio  (Korean: 섬총사; RR: Seomchongsa) is a South Korean travel-reality show broadcast on O'live and cable TV, tvN. A comedian, an actress and a singer combined into a trio visiting different islands and stay with local islanders to experience the lifestyle as islanders. This show premiered on May 22, 2017, at 9.30pm KST and airs every Monday, which later on changed the time-slot to 10:50pm KST.

In Season 2 of the show, with Kang Ho-dong to remain while Lee Soo-geun and Lee Yeon-hee join the cast lineup, replacing Kim Hee-sun and Jung Yong-hwa. It premiered on 25 June 2018 at 11pm KST.

Olive (TV channel)
Olive (Hangul: 올리브), sometimes stylized as O'live, is a television channel in South Korea owned by CJ ENM E&M Division, a division of CJ Group. It was originally a food and cooking channel, but now airs a variety of lifestyle programming.

The channel was later replaced by tvN Sports, sister channel to tvN's sporting programming.
1987 Monte Carlo Open
The 1987 Monte Carlo Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Monte Carlo Country Club in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France that was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 81st edition of the tournament and was held from 20 April through 26 April 1987. First-seeded Mats Wilander won the singles title, his second at the event after 1983.

Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin (French: [ʁɔk(ə)bʁyn kap maʁtɛ̃]; Occitan: Ròcabruna Caup Martin or Ròcabruna Cap Martin; Mentonasc: Rocabrüna; Italian: Roccabruna-Capo Martino [ˌrɔkkaˈbruːna ˈkaːpo marˈtiːno]), simply Roquebrune until 1921, is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, Southeastern France, between Monaco and Menton. The name was changed from Roquebrune to differentiate the town from Roquebrune-sur-Argens in neighbouring Var.
Tim Berrett
Timothy Berrett (born January 23, 1965) is an English born former race walker who emigrated to Canada in 1987 and is married to Tara Croxford.  A resident of Edmonton, Alberta, he represented Canada in five consecutive Summer Olympics starting in 1992 (Barcelona, Spain). He competed in the 2008 Beijing Olympics at the 50 km walk event, finishing in 38th place with a time of 4:08:08.

Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics
At the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, 43 events in athletics were contested, 24 events by men and 19 by women. The competition ran from July 31, 1992, to August 9, 1992. Fourteen world record-holders (eight men and six women) were among the contenders. Thirty former Olympic champions competed, and a total number of 1725 athletes from 156 countries.
Nederlandsch-Indische Artsen School
The Nederlandsch-Indische Artsen School (Dutch: Netherland Indies School of Physicians), commonly known by its initials NIAS, was a medical training school for Javanese and other Pribumi students which operated in Surabaya, Dutch East Indies from 1913 to 1942. After Indonesian independence, the school was incorporated into Airlangga University.

Native Indonesians
Native Indonesians, also known as Pribumi (lit. 'first on the soil'), are Indonesians whose ancestral roots lie mainly in the Indonesian archipelago and who belong to various ethnic groups, with the majority tracing their origins to Austronesian and Melanesian lineages. In contrast to pribumi are Indonesians with known  foreign ancestry, such as Chinese Indonesians, Arab Indonesians, Indian Indonesians, Japanese Indonesians, and Indo-Europeans (Eurasians).
Sexual system
A sexual system is a distribution of male and female functions across organisms in a species. The terms reproductive system and mating system have also been used as synonyms.

Sexual systems play a key role in genetic variation and reproductive success, and may also have led to the origin or extinction of certain species.  In flowering plants and animals, sexual reproduction involves meiosis, an adaptive process for repairing damage in the germline DNA transmitted to progeny. The distinctions between different sexual systems is not always clear due to phenotypic plasticity.

Interest in sexual systems goes back to Charles Darwin, who found that barnacles include some species that are androdioecious and some that are dioecious.

Barnacle
Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebrates; many species live in shallow and tidal waters. Some 2,100 species have been described.

Barnacle adults are sessile; most are suspension feeders with hard calcareous shells, but the Rhizocephala are specialized parasites of other crustaceans, with reduced bodies. Barnacles have existed since at least the mid-Carboniferous, some 325 million years ago.

In folklore, barnacle geese were once held to emerge fully formed from goose barnacles. Both goose barnacles and the Chilean giant barnacle are fished and eaten. Barnacles are economically significant as biofouling on ships, where they cause hydrodynamic drag, reducing efficiency. In culture, Barnacle Bill became a comic folktype of a seaman, appearing in several films and a drinking song.
Arts County Fair
Arts County Fair (ACF) was an annual large outdoor benefit concert/beer garden that ran from 1992 to 2007 at Thunderbird Stadium at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Arts County Fair was the largest student-run event in Canada; organized, produced, and promoted by the students of the Arts Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia.

Wide Mouth Mason
Wide Mouth Mason is a Canadian blues-based rock band, consisting of Shaun Verreault (lead vocals, guitar), and Safwan Javed (percussion, backing vocals). Former bassist Earl Pereira was also co-founder of Wide Mouth Mason. The band hails from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, and has been active since 1995.
1985 Tokyo Indoor – Doubles
Sammy Giammalva Jr. and Tony Giammalva were the defending champions, but lost in the final this year.

Ken Flach and Robert Seguso won the title, defeating Scott Davis and David Pate 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(9–7) in the final.

Scott Davis (tennis)
Scott Davis (born August 27, 1962) is an American former professional tennis player. He reached a career high singles ranking of world No. 11 (in October 1985) and doubles ranking of world No. 2 (in January 1991).
Bert Abbott (rugby union)
Herbert Melville Abbott (30 April 1903 – 5 October 1973) was an Australian international rugby union player.

Born in Beaconsfield, Tasmania, Abbott played his early rugby with Manly in Sydney, before heading down to Victoria and joining the Melbourne RUFC in 1925. He was a Victoria interstate representative.

Abbott, having returned to Manly, earned a New South Wales call up in 1928 for their visit to New Zealand, which retrospectively has come to be considered a full national team tour. He featured as a back rower in three uncapped tour matches, against Wanganui, Southland and Marlborough.

Beaconsfield, Tasmania
Beaconsfield /ˈbiːkənzfiːld/ is a former gold mining town near the Tamar River, in the north-east of Tasmania, Australia.  It lies 40 kilometres north of Launceston on the West Tamar Highway. It is a rural and residential locality in the local government areas (LGA) of West Tamar and Latrobe in the Launceston and North-west and west LGA regions of Tasmania. The 2016 census has a population of 1298 for the state suburb of Beaconsfield.
Jorwe
Jorwe (also spelled Jorve)  is a village and an archaeological site located on the Pravara, a tributary of the Godavari River in Sangamner taluka of Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state in India. This site was excavated in 1950-51 under the direction of Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia and Shantaram Bhalchandra Deo.

Ahmednagar district
Ahmednagar district (Marathi pronunciation: [əɦ(ə)məd̪nəɡəɾ]), officially Ahilyanagar district, is the largest district of Maharashtra state in western India. The historical city of Ahmednagar is the headquarters of the district. Ahmednagar and Sangamner are the largest cities in the district. It was the seat of the Ahmednagar Sultanate of late medieval period (1496–1636 CE). This district is known for the towns of Shirdi associated with Sai Baba, Meherabad associated with Meher Baba, Shani Shinganapur with Shanidev, and Devgad with Lord Dattatreya. Ahmednagar district is part of Nashik Division. The district is bordered by Aurangabad district to the northeast, Nashik district to the northwest, Thane and Pune districts to the southwest, Solapur district to the south and Beed district to the southeast.
Danish Meat Research Institute
The Danish Meat Research Institute (DMRI) is a research organization in Denmark that conducts studies on meat processing and related technologies. It is part of the Danish Technological Institute and carries out research in areas related to meat production, including slaughter methods, animal transport, processing techniques, refrigeration, hygiene, meat science, and environmental impact.

The institute was established in 1954 by Mogens Juul, who served as its first director. Research work later continued with the involvement of Wismer-Pedersen, a researcher from the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University. Between the 1960s and 2000, the institute took part in developing processing technologies for the meat industry. During this period,  product development was generally undertaken by individual slaughterhouses.

Hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness. Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene, personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene. Home and every day hygiene includes hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home.

While often equated with cleanliness in common usage, hygiene is a term encompassing the personal practices and environmental conditions that maintain health and prevent disease.
Steven Hamilton (footballer)
Steven Hamilton (born 19 March 1975) is a Scottish former footballer who played mainly as a right back.

He began his career at Kilmarnock, and was a squad member when Killie won the Scottish Cup in 1997 though was not in the 14-man pool for the final itself.

Hamilton then dropped down the divisions with spells at Raith Rovers, Albion Rovers, Stenhousemuir, Brechin City and Alloa Athletic. He later worked as a football development officer in roles with the Scottish Football Association (in partnership with Braidhurst High School and North Lanarkshire Council) and with Kilmarnock.

Albion Rovers F.C.
Albion Rovers Football Club is a semi-professional football team from Coatbridge, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. They play in the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Founded in October 1882, the club joined the Scottish Football League in 1903 and, other than four seasons during the First World War when the second tier was abolished, maintained their league membership until they were relegated in the 2022–23 season. During this time, they won three lower division league titles – in 1933–34, 1988–89 and 2014–15; and been promoted on three other occasions – 1937–38, 1947–48 and 2010–11.
SLI Compliance
SLI Compliance is an American voting system test laboratory. They were accredited by the US Election Assistance Commission (EAC) in 2007. As of 2021, SLI, along with Pro V&V, are one of only two organizations that the EAC has authorized to certify voting systems in the United States. Certification from the EAC had expired in January 2021, but the EAC said that they were in good standing, with their re-accreditation delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and "resource challenges". SLI was re-certified the next month.

SLI was founded in 1997 in Wheat Ridge, Colorado, and are a division of Gaming Laboratories (GLI), a New Jersey-based company founded in 1989 that tests and validates gambling equipment. In July 2025, it was announced that CVC Capital Partners was preparing to acquire GLI.

CVC Capital Partners
CVC Capital Partners plc is a Jersey-based private equity and investment advisory firm with approximately €186 billion of assets under management and approximately €157 billion in secured commitments since inception across American, European, and Asian private equity, secondaries, credit funds and infrastructure. As of 31 December 2021, the funds managed or advised by CVC are invested in more than 100 companies worldwide, employing over 450,000 people in numerous countries. CVC was founded in 1981 and, as of 31 March 2022, has over 850 employees working across its network of 25 offices throughout EMEA, Asia and the Americas.

In 2023, it raised the largest ever raised private equity fund globally at €26 billion.

In June 2024, CVC Capital Partners ranked fourth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.
Crook and flail
The crook and flail (heka and nekhakha) were symbols used in ancient Egyptian society. They were originally the attributes of the deity Osiris that became insignia of pharaonic authority. The shepherd's crook stood for kingship and the flail for the fertility of the land.

The earliest known example of a crook is from the Gerzeh culture (Naqada II), and comes from tomb U547 in Abydos. By late Predynastic times, the shepherd's crook was already an established symbol of rule. The flail initially remained separate, being depicted alone in some earliest representations of royal ceremonial. Approximately by the time of the Second Dynasty, the crook and flail became paired.

The only extant pharaonic examples of both the crook and flail come from the Tomb of Tutankhamun. Their staffs are made of heavy bronze covered with alternating stripes of blue glass, obsidian, and gold, while the flail's beads are made of gilded wood.

Second Dynasty of Egypt
The Second Dynasty of ancient Egypt (or Dynasty II, c. 2890 – c. 2686 BC) is the latter of the two dynasties of the Egyptian Archaic Period, when the seat of government was centred at Thinis. It is most known for its last ruler, Khasekhemwy, but is otherwise one of the most obscure periods in Egyptian history.

Though archaeological evidence of the time is very scant, contrasting data from the First and Third Dynasties indicates important institutional and economic developments during the Second Dynasty.