hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Flagg Bemis
Samuel Flagg Bemis (October 20, 1891 – September 26, 1973) was an American historian and biographer. For many years he taught at Yale University. He was also president of the American Historical Association and a specialist in American diplomatic history. He was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes. Jerald A. Combs says he was "the greatest of all historians of early American diplomacy."

American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world with 11,000 members as of 2025. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major learned society for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is a field society for historians who study and teach about the United States. The AHA's congressional charter of 1889, established it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."
Spatial network
A spatial network (sometimes also geometric graph) is a graph in which the vertices or edges are spatial elements associated with geometric objects, i.e., the nodes are located in a space equipped with a certain metric. The simplest mathematical realization of spatial network is a lattice or a random geometric graph (see figure in the right), where nodes are distributed uniformly at random over a two-dimensional plane; a pair of nodes are connected if the Euclidean distance is smaller than a given neighborhood radius. Transportation and mobility networks, Internet, mobile phone networks, power grids, social and contact networks and biological neural networks are all examples where the underlying space is relevant and where the graph's topology alone does not contain all the information. Characterizing and understanding the structure, resilience and the evolution of spatial networks is crucial for many different fields ranging from urbanism to epidemiology.

Lattice graph
In graph theory, a lattice graph, mesh graph, or grid graph is a graph whose drawing, embedded in some Euclidean space ⁠⁠, forms a regular tiling. This implies that the group of bijective transformations that send the graph to itself is a lattice in the group-theoretical sense.

Typically, no clear distinction is made between such a graph in the more abstract sense of graph theory, and its drawing in space (often the plane or 3D space). This type of graph may more shortly be called just a lattice, mesh, or grid. Moreover, these terms are also commonly used for a finite section of the infinite graph, as in "an 8 × 8 square grid".

The term lattice graph has also been given in the literature to various other kinds of graphs with some regular structure, such as the Cartesian product of a number of complete graphs.
Lismakeeve
Lismakeeve is a townland in the civil parish of Glenkeen
in County Tipperary, Ireland.

It contains the hamlet of Ileigh, the location of a Catholic church, which lends its name to that of the encompassing ecclesiastical parish of Borrisoleigh and Ileigh, this ecclesiastical parish being unusual in that it is co-extensive with the civil parish.

Ileigh
Ileigh (sometimes written Ileagh) is in North Tipperary.

It is the site of a Catholic church, built in 1826, which is one of the churches in the ecclesiastical parish of Borrisoleigh and Ileigh. An earlier church on the site was dated 1758. The current building is regarded as representative of the modest form of Catholic churches in Ireland before Catholic Emancipation in 1829. It is cruciform, with four-bay elevations to the nave, a single-bay chancel, a single-bay sacristy and two-bay transepts. The pitched roof is covered with artificial slates. The south transept has an ashlar limestone belfry with cross finial. The walls are rendered and the openings have pointed-arches with limestone sills and stained glass windows. The doorway is round-arched with a chamfered surround and timber panelled double doors with a date plaque above. The boundary walls are of random stone but the gate piers are of ashlar sandstone, supporting cast-iron gates.
Killing of Seth Smith
Seth Thomas Smith (2000–2020) was a 19-year-old University of California, Berkeley student who was fatally shot in the back of the head at point-blank range near his off-campus apartment in Berkeley, California, on June 15, 2020. Berkeley police arrested local resident Tony Lorenzo Walker, then 60, on August 20, 2020, and the Alameda County district attorney first charged him with murder. Walker later pleaded no contest to voluntary manslaughter and, on May 23, 2022, received a 25-year state-prison sentence.

Berkeley Police Department
37°52′11.73″N 122°16′22.71″W﻿ / ﻿37.8699250°N 122.2729750°W﻿ / 37.8699250; -122.2729750

The Berkeley Police Department (BPD) is the municipal police department for the city of Berkeley, California, United States.
Yodha (2024 film)
Yodha (transl. Warrior) is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Sagar Ambre and Pushkar Ojha, written by Ambre, and produced by Amazon Prime Video, Dharma Productions and Mentor Disciple Entertainment. The film stars Sidharth Malhotra, Raashii Khanna and Disha Patani. Marking Mentor Disciple founder Shashank Khaitan's first collaboration with Malhotra, whose fellow debutantes Alia Bhatt and Varun Dhawan starred in Khaitan's first two films, it follows a disgraced commando's efforts to vindicate himself as he attempts to steer clear his name and restore lost glory to his father's titular elite task force while on a mission to prevent a passenger airplane from getting hijacked, years after a botched up rescue operation led to the task force being closed down.

After multiple release postponements, Yodha was theatrically released on 15 March 2024 to mixed reviews from critics and became a commercial failure.

Tanuj Virwani
Tanuj Virwani is an Indian actor and model active in the Bollywood industry. He is best known for his role of Vayu Raghavan in the 2017 Amazon Original television series Inside Edge. He has also played integral roles in Alt Balaji's Code M opposite Jennifer Winget and ZEE5's most successful show Poison. He has earlier started opposite Sunny Leone in the racy thriller One Night Stand.
Along with being an actor he has shown a keen interest towards direction and writing and has made several socially relevant short films. He was recently seen in second season of popular web series Illegal of Voot Select.
Langholm Sevens
Langholm Sevens is an annual rugby sevens event held by Langholm RFC, in Langholm, Scotland. The Langholm Sevens was the last of the Border Sevens tournaments to be instated in 1908.

Held around the end of every April, the tournament is part of the Kings of the Sevens competition. 2019's Langholm Sevens took place on 27 April.

Scottish Rugby Union
The Scottish Rugby Union (SRU; Scottish Gaelic: Aonadh Rugbaidh na h-Alba) is the governing body of rugby union in Scotland. Now marketed as Scottish Rugby, it is the second-oldest Rugby Union, having been founded in 1873. The SRU oversees the national league system, known as the Scottish League Championship, and the Scottish National teams. The SRU is headed by the President (Keith Wallace) and Chairman (John McGuigan), with Mark Dodson acting as the chief executive officer. Dee Bradbury became the first female president of a Tier 1 rugby nation upon her appointment on 4 August 2018.
Belial in popular culture
The demon Belial, or characters named for him, have appeared in many examples of modern culture. This is distinct from medieval culture and Milton where Belial was related to the character in Jewish sources.

Beelzebub
Ba'al Zabub, Ba'al Zvuv or Beelzebub (/biːˈɛlzəbʌb, ˈbiːl-/ bee-EL-zə-bub, BEEL-; Hebrew: בַּעַל־זְבוּב‎ Baʿal-zəḇūḇ), also spelled Beelzebul or Belzebuth, and occasionally known as the Lord of the Flies, is a name derived from a Philistine god, formerly worshipped in Ekron, and later adopted by some Abrahamic religions as a major demon. The name Beelzebub is associated with the Canaanite god Baal.

Beelzebub is known in demonology as one of the seven deadly demons or seven princes of Hell, Beelzebub representing gluttony and envy. The Dictionnaire Infernal describes Beelzebub as a being capable of flying, known as the "Lord of the Flies", "Lord of the Flyers", or the "Lord of the Flying Demons". He is also referenced in the well-known novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding due to his ties to hell and the themes of the book.
Remote experiment
A remote experiment is a real experiment with real laboratory instruments and equipment that can be controlled by a computer through the internet. One or more remote experiments are accessible in remote laboratory.

Remotely controlled experiments have become a widespread tool for teaching physics at the university level of education. When executing remote experiments the remote users can change system parameters, observe results in graphical form and/or by video transmission from webcam, and download the experimental results. Sometimes a booking system is available for remote experiments that allows the users to book time for access of remote experiment in advance. User operates remote experiment via graphical user interface. Remote experiments are positively evaluated by the learners.

Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.
1988 Portuguese Grand Prix
The 1988 Portuguese Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 25 September 1988 at the Autódromo do Estoril, Estoril. It was the thirteenth race of the 1988 Formula One World Championship. The 71-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a McLaren-Honda, with Ivan Capelli second in a March-Judd and Thierry Boutsen third in a Benetton-Ford. Prost's teammate and Drivers' Championship rival, Ayrton Senna, could only manage sixth.

Estoril
Estoril (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɨʃtuˈɾil]) is a town in the civil parish of Cascais e Estoril of the Portuguese Municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera.  It is a popular tourist destination known for its hotels, beaches, and the Casino Estoril, and has historically been home to numerous royal families and celebrities. The town has also hosted high-profile events, including the Estoril Open and the Lisbon & Estoril Film Festival.

Estoril is considered one of the most expensive places to live in Portugal and the Iberian Peninsula. It is home to a sizable foreign community and known for its luxury restaurants, hotels, and entertainment. Cascais is consistently ranked for its high quality of living, making it one of the most livable places in Portugal.
Başmakçı, İskilip
Başmakçı is a village in the İskilip District of Çorum Province, Turkey. Its population is 134 (2022). 
According to some, the geographic center of all the land area of the earth is located a few miles to the north of the village.

Çorum Province
Çorum (Turkish: Çorum İli) is a province in the Black Sea Region of Turkey, but lying inland and having more characteristics of Central Anatolia than the Black Sea coast. Its area is 12,428 km2, and its population is 524,130 (2022). Its provincial capital is the city of Çorum, the traffic code is 19.
Pavlo Rudnytskyy
Pavlo Rudnytskyy (Ukrainian: Павло Омелянович Рудницький; born 13 July 1988) is a Ukrainian retired professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He spent his almost entire career in the Czech club Varnsdorf, which competed in the Czech National Football League. He has 365 caps for Varnsdorf.

Czech National Football League
The Czech National Football League (Czech: Fotbalová národní liga, FNL), known as Chance Národní Liga due to sponsorship reasons, is the second level professional association football league in the Czech Republic. Before 2013 it was known as 2. liga or Druhá liga. The top team each season is eligible for promotion to the Czech First League, while the second and third placed teams enter play offs for possible promotion.

The league replaced the I.ČNL (I. Česká národní liga; First Czech National League), which had been established following the end of the nationwide Czechoslovak Second League in 1977. The league became known as simply II. liga (Second League) in 1993 following the establishment of the Czech Republic as an independent state.
Incantations (composition)
Incantations for Percussion and Orchestra is a concerto for percussion and orchestra in three movements by the Finnish composer Einojuhani Rautavaara.  The work was composed for the percussionist Colin Currie on a joint commission from the London Philharmonic Orchestra, the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Tampere Philharmonic Orchestra.  The first performance was given in Royal Festival Hall, London by Currie and the London Philharmonic Orchestra under the conductor Yannick Nézet-Séguin on October 24, 2009.

Colin Currie
Colin David Currie  is a multi award-winning Scottish virtuoso percussionist. He is the founder and leader of the Colin Currie Group, an ensemble specializing in performing and recording the music of Steve Reich.
Whatever It Takes (Imagine Dragons song)
"Whatever It Takes" is a song by American pop rock band Imagine Dragons. The song was released on May 9, 2017, as a promotional single through Kidinakorner and Interscope. It later became the third single from the band's third studio album, Evolve, on October 6, 2017. It was also the official theme song for WWE's PPV event Battleground, in addition to its inclusion in the video game Madden NFL 18. The song was sent to US contemporary hit radio on February 13, 2018.

Kidinakorner
Kidinakorner (stylized as KIDinaKORNER) is an American record company founded in 2011 by British music producer and songwriter Alexander "Alex da Kid" Grant. The company houses a record label, music publishing, commercial production and a marketing agency. The company is home to some prominent acts in the music industry, including Imagine Dragons and X Ambassadors.
Scottie Wilbekin
Scottie Jordan Wilbekin (born April 5, 1993) is an American-born naturalized Turkish professional basketball player for Fenerbahçe Beko of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroLeague. He played college basketball for the Florida Gators, where he was named the Southeastern Conference Player of the Year in 2014. Wilbekin played professional basketball in Australia, Greece, Turkey and Israel. He led Darüşşafaka to win the 2018 EuroCup title, while earning the EuroCup Finals and the Regular Season MVP awards.

NBA Summer League
The NBA Summer League is a series of off-season basketball competitions in which National Basketball Association (NBA) teams come together to try out different summer rosters instead of their regular season lineups, including rookie, sophomore and G League affiliate players. The primary competition that most teams participate in, the Las Vegas NBA Summer League, has been held in the Las Vegas area since 2004. In addition, the California Classic has been hosted by the Golden State Warriors or the Sacramento Kings since 2018, and the Utah Jazz has hosted the Salt Lake City Summer League (known as the Utah Jazz Summer League from 2015 to 2019) since 2015. Previously, the Orlando Magic hosted the Orlando Pro Summer League from 2002 to 2017. All those leagues are sometimes referred to as NBA Summer League when also mentioned with its host location.
Cathedral of Christ the King (Lubbock, Texas)
Christ the King Cathedral is a cathedral of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States. It is located at 4011 54th Street (at the intersection of Orlando & 54th) in Lubbock, Texas. It was constructed first as a school in 1958 and became a parish entity on January 1, 1961, with the completion of the church itself. When it was built it was surrounded by cotton fields, but is now surrounded by much of the city. On June 17, 1984, Pope John Paul II appointed it the seat of the newly created Diocese of Lubbock with the ordination of Bishop Michael J. Sheehan. As of 2007, its presiding bishop is Bishop Robert Coerver. Its school, which started out as 1st–3rd grade, has grown to serve pre-kindergarten through 12th grade.

First grade
First grade (also 1st grade or Grade 1) is the first year of formal or compulsory education. It is the first year of elementary school, and the first school year after kindergarten. Children in first grade are usually 6–7 years old.
2000 Estoril Open – Women's doubles
Alicia Ortuño and Cristina Torrens Valero were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners.

Ortuño teamed up with Seda Noorlander and lost in quarterfinals to Kristie Boogert and Anne-Gaëlle Sidot.

Torrens Valero teamed up with Amanda Hopmans and lost in the final 6–0, 7–6(11–9) to tournament winners Tina Križan and Katarina Srebotnik.

Kristie Boogert
Kristie Boogert (born 16 December 1973) is a Dutch former professional female tennis player. She retired in 2003 due to chronic elbow pain. On 5 February 1996, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 29.

She has not won any singles titles, but did win three titles in doubles. At the 1994 French Open championships, she won the mixed doubles title with countryman Menno Oosting.

Her biggest achievement came during the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney where she won the silver medal in doubles, partnering Miriam Oremans. They were beaten by Venus and Serena Williams in the final.
Jim Carey (basketball)
Jim Carey (August 21, 1929 – February 4, 2006) was an American college basketball coach. He was the head coach at the University of Nevada, Reno from 1976 to 1980.

He died of heart failure on February 4, 2006, in Wichita, Kansas at age 76.

University of Nevada, Reno
The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada, the University of Nevada, or UNR) is a public land-grant research university in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is the state's flagship public university and primary land grant institution. It was founded on October 12, 1874, in Elko, Nevada.

The university is classified as a doctoral, R1 research university by the Carnegie Classification. In 2018, the university spent $144 million on research and development according to the National Science Foundation. Among its several schools and colleges, the university has a medical school and is home to the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism from which six Pulitzer Prize winners have graduated.
More Sokol Pie
'More Sokol Pie (English: A Falcon is Drinking) is a traditional folk song from the region of Macedonia, particularly popular in Bulgaria and North Macedonia. There are several versions of this song. Probably the earliest record of an early version of this song was in 1837, by Serbian author Petar Petrović Samopodlužanin. The song was recorded by Podlužanin from a Bulgarian immigrant in Serbia and in the text there are Serbian language influences made either by the person recording or by the person relating the lyrics. Many other versions of this song with motif of falcon drinking water from Vardar were published at the beginning of the 20th century in then Southern Serbia. Numerous performers of this song include Toše Proeski, Hanka Paldum, Kostadin Gugov, Aleksandar Sarievski, Nikola Badev, Volodya Stoyanov and "Episode" group.

Hanka Paldum
Hanka Paldum (born 28 April 1956) is a Bosnian sevdalinka singer and co-founder of the record label Sarajevo Disk. She is regarded as one of the best female sevdah performers of the 20th century and is popular in her home country of Bosnia as well as in the rest of the former Yugoslavia.
Marcellinara
Marcellinara (Calabrian: Marcinàri) is a comune and town in the province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy.  It is a small village located in the middle of the narrowest strip (isthmus) of Italy and one of the narrowest of Europe as well, between the Ionian (East) and the Tyhrennian (West) seas; the distance between them is only 40 km.

It is located close to both the regional capital of Catanzaro and the international airport of Lamezia Terme.

Province of Catanzaro
The province of Catanzaro (Italian: provincia di Catanzaro; Catanzarese: pruvincia e Catanzaru) is a province of the Calabria region of Italy. The city Catanzaro is both capital of the province and capital of the region of Calabria. The province contains 80 comuni (sg.: comune).

Catanzaro contains the Isthmus of Catanzaro between Sant'Eufemia and the Gulf of Squillace. It borders the provinces of Crotone (formed from it in 1996), Cosenza, Reggio Calabria, and Vibo Valentia, and it also borders the Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas to the east and west, respectively.
USS Guadalcanal
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Guadalcanal, after the epic Battle of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands during World War II.

The first USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60) was an escort carrier in service from 1943 to 1946.

The second USS Guadalcanal (LPH-7) was an Iwo Jima-class amphibious assault ship in service from 1963 to 1994.

USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60)
USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60) was a Casablanca-class escort carrier of the United States Navy, which served during and after World War II. She was the first ship to carry her name. She was the flagship of Task Group 22.3, a hunter-killer group which captured the German submarine U-505 in 1944.
Teréz Zsolnay
Teréz Zsolnay, married Mattyasovzky (21 March 1854 – 16 May 1944) was a Hungarian applied artist in the medium of ceramics who worked for the Zsolnay Ceramic Factory, founded by her father Vilmos Zsolnay in Pécs, in 1868.

Along with her younger sister Julia and Ármin Klein, she was the most important artist of that factory during its rapid growth and worldwide success in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Applied arts
The applied arts are all the arts that apply design and decoration to everyday and essentially practical objects in order to make them aesthetically pleasing. The term is used in distinction to the fine arts, which are those that produce objects with no practical use, whose only purpose is to be beautiful or stimulate the intellect in some way. In practice, the two often overlap.  Applied arts largely overlap with decorative arts, and the modern making of applied art is usually called design.

Examples of applied arts are:

Industrial design – mass-produced objects.

Sculpture – also counted as a fine art.

Architecture – also counted as a fine art.

Crafts – also counted as a fine art.

Culinary arts

Ceramic art

Automotive design

Fashion design

Calligraphy

Interior design

Graphic design

Cartographic (map) design
Joan Solà i Cortassa
Joan Solà Cortassa (Bell-lloc d'Urgell, 10 January 1940 — Barcelona, 27 October 2010) was a Spanish linguist and philologist. He was professor of Catalan language and literature at the University of Barcelona from 1984 onwards, and vice president of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC) from 2009.

Institute for Catalan Studies
The Institute for Catalan Studies (Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans [instiˈtud dəsˈtuðis kətəˈlans]), also known by the acronym IEC, is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture". It is based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.