hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gilbreath shuffle
A Gilbreath shuffle is a way to shuffle a deck of cards, named after mathematician Norman Gilbreath (also known for Gilbreath's conjecture). 
Gilbreath's principle describes the properties of a deck that are preserved by this type of shuffle, and a Gilbreath permutation is a permutation that can be formed by a Gilbreath shuffle.

Gilbreath's conjecture
Gilbreath's conjecture is a conjecture in number theory regarding the sequences generated by applying the forward difference operator to consecutive prime numbers and leaving the results unsigned, and then repeating this process on consecutive terms in the resulting sequence, and so forth. The statement is named after Norman L. Gilbreath who, in 1958, presented it to the mathematical community after observing the pattern by chance while doing arithmetic on a napkin. In 1878, eighty years before Gilbreath's discovery, François Proth had published the same observations.
Goniothalamus gabriacianus
Goniothalamus gabriacianus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cambodia, the province of Hainan China, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. Henri Ernest Baillon the French botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Oxymitra gabriaciana, named it after Paul-Pierre Gabriac, a French civil servant in Vietnam, who provided one of the specimens that he examined.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Commander-in-Chief of the Bahrain Defence Force
The Commander-in-Chief of the Bahrain Defence Force is the military leader of the Bahrain Defence Force, operating under the supreme commander, a role constitutionally held by the king of Bahrain. The king, as supreme commander, holds the highest authority within the military structure.

The commander-in-chief is responsible for command and control, overseeing the military operations and discipline in compliance with military procedures and the code of conduct established under the constitution of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The position is reportedly held by a field marshal; however, the constitution of Bahrain lacks sufficient references to determine the eligibility criteria for the rank of commander-in-chief.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
1979 Pot Black
The 1979 Pot Black was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which was held in the Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham. 8 players were competing in 2 four player groups. All matches were one-frame shoot-outs except the final which was played in the best of 3 frames on a one-hour programme.

Broadcasts were on BBC2 and started at 21:00 on Friday 29 December 1978 Alan Weeks presented the programme with Ted Lowe as commentator and Sydney Lee as referee.

This tournament had the TV debut of Steve Davis who played veteran namesake Fred Davis on the programme transmitted 19 January and won the frame 83-23 but failed to reach the semi-finals. The first Pot Black champion Ray Reardon regained the title 10 years after his first beating reigning champion Doug Mountjoy 2–1.

Pebble Mill Studios
Pebble Mill Studios was the BBC's television studio complex located in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom, which served as the headquarters for BBC Birmingham from 1971 until 2004. The nine-acre site was opened by Princess Anne on 10 June 1971, and in addition to the studios contained two canteens, a post office, gardens, a seven-storey office block, and an outside broadcasting (OB) base.

As well as being the home of Midlands Today and BBC Radio WM, programmes produced at Pebble Mill included Pebble Mill at One, The Archers, Top Gear, Doctors, Telly Addicts, Howards' Way, Juliet Bravo and Gardeners' World.

Pebble Mill Studios closed in 2004 and was demolished in September 2005; BBC Birmingham is now located in The Mailbox shopping complex in Birmingham city centre.
Maine's Own Organic Milk Company
Maine’s Own Organic Milk Company, L3C, or MOOMilkCo, was a low-profit, partly farmer-owned, L3C corporation set up to help Maine organic family dairy farms maintain a market and achieve profitability. It was established with 10 organic dairy farms that were dropped by H.P. Hood, a large dairy product distributor.

The company allocated 90% of profits back to the farms as payment for their milk, and "the remaining 10% will be retained for the business end of the company, which is a joint effort of the Maine Farm Bureau and the Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association."

On May 17, 2014, the company ended production. It terminated its agreement with Smiling Hill Farm, its exclusive processor because of equipment failure: an "antiquated carton filler" that was "not capable of meeting the current and future requirements of MOO." Although the MOO brand is no more, the company is still seeking to secure some other long-term contract for its farmers.

Low-profit limited liability company
A low-profit limited liability company (L3C) is a legal form of business entity in the United States. Commonly referred to as a hybrid structure, it has characteristics of both for-profit and non-profit entities. L3Cs were created to comply with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) program-related investments (PRIs) rules which allow most typically private foundations the ability to maintain tax-exempt status through investments in qualifying businesses and/or charities. With a social mission as the primary objective and a secondary objective of profit generation, the L3C legal form is considered a viable option for businesses seeking a reputation or marketability for being a social enterprise.
Chemtou Museum
The Chemtou Museum (Arabic: المتحف الأثري بشمتو; French: Musée de Chemtou) is an archaeological museum located in Chemtou, Tunisia. The museum was designed by archaeologists with the Tunisian National Heritage Institute and the German Archaeological Institute with offices located in Rome, Italy. It has the distinction of being located in the area of the old Roman city of Simmithu, near the entrepot's marble quarry in what was the ancient Berber kingdom of Numidia.

Archaeology museum
An archaeology museum is a museum that specializes in the display of archaeological artifacts.

Many archaeology museum are in the open air, such as the Ancient Agora of Athens and the Roman Forum. Others display artifacts inside buildings, such as National Museum of Beirut and Cairo's Museum of Egyptian Antiquities. Some display artifacts both outside and inside, such as the Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center.

Some archaeology museums, such as the Western Australian Museum, may also exhibit maritime archaeological materials. These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. This last museum has also developed a 'museum-without-walls' through a series of underwater wreck trails.

An outside museum was erected at an active archaeological dig site in Nyaung-gan cemetery in Myanmar.
Supercluster (genetic)
Most usage of supercluster in population genetics research articles applies to proposed large groups of human mtDNA haplotype lineages, found by cluster analysis, that are thought to stem from a single distant most recent common ancestor, on a time scale of tens of thousands of years.

Lineage (evolution)
An evolutionary lineage is a temporal series of populations, organisms, cells, or genes connected by a continuous line of descent from ancestor to descendant. Lineages are subsets of the evolutionary tree of life. Lineages are often determined by the techniques of molecular systematics.
Frank Martínez (politician)
Frank Martínez was a Puerto Rican lawyer, politician and senator.

In 1917, Martínez was elected as a member of the first Puerto Rican Senate established by the Jones-Shafroth Act. He was elected as a Senator at-large.

1st Senate of Puerto Rico
The First Puerto Rican Senate, under United States occupation, was the first meeting of senators of the Senate of Puerto Rico elected as part of the legislative branch of their government. Elections for the Senate of Puerto Rico were authorized by passage of the Jones-Shafroth Act in 1917. It authorized elections to be held on July 6, 1917 for representative government in the legislature.

The Senate met from August 13, 1917, to January 2, 1920. The voters elected a majority of members from the Union of Puerto Rico party, who chose Antonio R. Barceló as President of the Senate.
Nikolai Klimashin
Nikolai Vasilyevich Klimashin (Russian: Николай Васильевич Климашин; born December 3, 1952) is Russian intelligence officer who served as head of the Scientific and Technical Service of the Federal Security Service from 2004 to 2010. He holds the rank of General of the Army (2009) and is Active State Advisor of the Russian Federation, 2nd class (2013).

Intelligence officer
An intelligence officer is a member of the intelligence field employed by an organization to collect, compile or analyze information (known as intelligence) which is of use to that organization. The word of officer is a working title, not a rank, used in the same way a "police officer" can also be a sergeant, or in the military, in which non-commissioned personnel may serve as intelligence officers.

Organizations which employ intelligence officers include armed forces, police, and customs agencies.
Uma Regmi
Uma Regmi (Nepali: उमा रेग्मी), is a Nepali politician and former Minister for Women, Children and Senior Citizens of Nepal. She is a member of House of Representatives selected through PR  (proportional representation) system, belongs to the Nepali Congress party. Regmi is also the current President of the Nepal Women Association (NWA) which is a sister wing of Nepali Congress.

Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens
The Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens (Nepali: महिला, बालबालिका तथा जेष्ठ नागरिक मन्त्रालय) is a governmental body of Nepal. Its mission is to empower women, children and senior citizens, especially those who are economically disadvantaged, socially deprived or otherwise under-served.
Catfish Creek (Ontario)
There are three creeks named Catfish Creek in Ontario, Canada:

Catfish Creek in Algoma District, a tributary of the Magpie River that flows into Lake Superior at Wawa

Catfish Creek (Lake Erie, Elgin) in Elgin County, that flows into Lake Erie at Port Bruce

Catfish Creek (Lake Erie, Norfolk) in Norfolk County, a tributary of the Black Creek, which in turn flows into Lake Erie at Port Dover

Wawa, Ontario
Wawa is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario in the Algoma District. Formerly known as the Township of Michipicoten, named after a nearby river of that name, the township was officially renamed in 2007 for its largest and best-known community of Wawa, located on the western shores of Wawa Lake. The lake's original name was Wawungonk, meaning "place of clear water" or "hills covered in clear snow".

This area was first developed for fur trading. In the late 19th century, both gold and iron ore were found and mined, leading to the region's rise as the steel industry developed in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. From 1900 to 1918 the Helen Mine had the highest production of iron ore of any mine in Canada.
Roman Štrba
Roman Štrba (born 8 March 1974 in Liptovský Mikuláš) is a retired Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1990 to 2000, specializing in the C2 discipline.

Štrba won two medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a silver in 1999 and a bronze in 1993. He won the overall World Cup title in the C2 class in 1998, he also won 2 medals at the European Championships (1 silver and 1 bronze).

Štrba finished 13th in the C2 event at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

His partner in the C2 boat throughout the whole of his active career was Roman Vajs.

1998 Canoe Slalom World Cup
The 1998 Canoe Slalom World Cup was a series of five races in 4 canoeing and kayaking categories organized by the International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 11th edition. The series consisted of 4 regular world cup races and the world cup final.
Daniel I. Aquino
Daniel Iwashita Aquino Jr. is a Northern Mariana Islander politician. He is the member-elect for the 2nd district of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives. He was previously the head of the Commonwealth Bureau of Military Affairs. In February 2025, the five-member minority bloc informed Speaker Villagomez that they named Aquino as an assistant minority leader.

Previously, he served as a member of the Saipan & Northern Islands Municipal Council. He has a bachelor of science in business management from the University of Guam and served in the United States Army Corps of Engineers.

University of Guam
University of Guam (Chamorro: Unibetsedåt Guåhan) (U.O.G.) is a public land-grant university in Mangilao, Guam. It is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges and offers thirty-four degree programs at the undergraduate level and eleven at the master's level. Of the university's 3,387 students, 94% are of Asian-Pacific Islander ethnicity and nearly 72% are full-time (fall 2012 figures). A full-time faculty of about 180 work at the university.
Ishwarbhai Parmar
Ishwarbhai Ramanbhai Parmar (born 1971) is an Indian politician from Gujarat. He is a member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly. He won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party from Bardoli Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Caste community, in Surat district.

Gujarat Legislative Assembly
The Gujarat Legislative Assembly (ISO: Gujārāt Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Gujarat, in the state capital Gandhinagar. Presently, 182 members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected from single-member constituencies (seats). It has a term of 5 years unless it is dissolved sooner. 13 constituencies are reserved for scheduled castes and 27 constituencies for scheduled tribes.  From its majority party group or by way of a grand coalition cabinet of its prominent members, the state's Executive namely the Government of Gujarat is formed.

Since 1995, the Gujarat Legislative Assembly has been controlled by the Bharatiya Janata Party with an absolute majority in the House.
1999 electoral calendar
This national electoral calendar for the year 1999 lists the national/federal direct elections to be held in 1999 in the de jure and de facto sovereign states. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included.

Elections in Niger
Elections in Niger take place within the framework of a semi-presidential system. The President and National Assembly are elected by the public, with elections organised by the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI).
Arab Banking Corporation
Arab Banking Corporation (also called Bank ABC) is an international bank with headquarters in the Diplomatic Area of Manama, Bahrain. It was incorporated as a joint stock company in 1980 through a special decree by the Amir of Bahrain. It obtained an offshore banking unit licence from the Bahrain Monetary Agency on 7 April 1980, and began operations in the same month. The bank is listed on the Bahrain Bourse and its major shareholders are the Central Bank of Libya (59.37%) and Kuwait Investment Authority (40.63%). Its network spreads across 17 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe, the Americas and Asia. It is expanding its retail banking network in the MENA region.

Bank ABC is a provider of trade finance, treasury, project and structured finance, syndication, corporate and institutional banking as well as Islamic banking services.

Central Bank of Libya
The Central Bank of Libya (CBL) is the monetary authority in Libya. It has the status of an autonomous corporate body. The law establishing the CBL stipulates that the objectives of the central bank shall be to maintain monetary stability in Libya and to promote the sustained growth of the economy in accordance with the general economic policy of the state.

The headquarters of the Central Bank are in Tripoli. However, to make the CBL services more accessible to commercial banks, branches and public departments located far from the headquarters. The CBL has three branches, located in Benghazi, Sabha and Sirte.
KA Tun Azizan
KA Tun Azizan is an auxiliary ship currently in service with Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN). She was sponsored by local company Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) and transferred from Malaysia International Shipping Corporation Berhad (MISC) to the RMN. Malaysia Marine and Heavy Engineering (MMHE) then changes and modifies a used cargo vessel to be used as a forward operation base operated by the Royal Malaysian Navy in Sulu Sea, Lahad Datu, Sabah to support the operation of the Eastern Sabah Security Command (ESSCOM). Since its operation in July 2015, KA Tun Azizan  has operated under the Malaysian International Shipping Corporation (MISC) with the appointment of commanding officers absorbed as members of the RMN Volunteer Reserve Team.

Malaysia Marine and Heavy Engineering
Malaysia Marine and Heavy Engineering Holdings Berhad (abbreviated MHB: MYX: 5186) is a Malaysian owned shipbuilding and heavy engineering industries company. It was formerly known as Malaysia Shipyard and Engineering Sdn Bhd.
MHB has been long involved in oil and gas engineering and construction works.

In March 2004, Malaysia International Shipping Corporation Bhd (MISC) increased its shareholding in MMHE to 65%, making it the majority shareholder of the company.
Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga
The Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga, also known as the Gambalunghiana, is a public library in Rimini, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.

The library was founded in 1619 following a bequest by Riminese lawyer Alessandro Gambalunga. As of December 2023, the Gambalunghiana's collection holds over 300,000 physical exhibits, including 293,879 books. Readers known to have visited the library include Ezra Pound, Ambroise Firmin Didot, and Aby Warburg.

Aby Warburg
Aby Moritz Warburg (June 13, 1866 – October 26, 1929) was a German art historian and cultural theorist who founded the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg (Warburg Library for Cultural Studies), a private library, which was later moved to the Warburg Institute, London. At the heart of his research was the legacy of the classical world, and the transmission of classical representation, in the most varied areas of Western culture through to the Renaissance.

Warburg described himself as: "Amburghese di cuore, ebreo di sangue, d'anima Fiorentino" ('Hamburger at heart, Jew by blood, Florentine in spirit').
Trifa
Trifa is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Iosif Trifa (1888–1938), Romanian Orthodox priest and evangelist

Valerian Trifa (1914–1987), Romanian Orthodox cleric and fascist political activist

Vlad Trifa, computer scientist

Vlad Trifa
Vlad Trifa is a computer scientist, researcher and Chief Product Officer at Ambrosus who played a key role in defining and implementing the application layer of the Internet of Things. He is particularly known for his early contributions to the Web of Things along with other researchers such as Dominique Guinard, Erik Wilde and Friedemann Mattern. Vlad is widely published author and a recognized expert in distributed embedded sensing and interactive devices, and their integration with enterprise applications using Web technologies.
Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza
The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza is a museum located on the sixth floor of the Dallas County Administration Building, formerly the Texas School Book Depository, in downtown Dallas, Texas, overlooking Dealey Plaza at the intersection of Elm and Houston Streets. The museum examines the life and times of United States President John F. Kennedy, as well as his assassination, and legacy, and the life of Lee Harvey Oswald, as well as the various conspiracy theories surrounding the assassination.

John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories
The assassination of John F. Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, on November 22, 1963, has spawned numerous conspiracy theories. These theories allege the involvement of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Mafia, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, Cuban prime minister Fidel Castro, the KGB, or some combination of these individuals and entities.

Some conspiracy theories have alleged a coverup by parts of the American federal government, such as the original investigators within the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Warren Commission, or the CIA. The lawyer and author Vincent Bugliosi estimated that a total of 42 groups, 82 assassins, and 214 individuals had been accused at one time or another in various conspiracy scenarios.
Nadějov
Nadějov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈnaɟɛjof]) is a municipality and village in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Nadějov lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Jihlava and 123 km (76 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Jessie James (album)
Jessie James is the debut album by the American country-pop singer-songwriter Jessie James. The album was released digitally on August 10, 2009, and physically on August 11 by Mercury Records and Def Jam Recordings. The album charted on the Billboard 200 at #23 on its debut week, selling about 18,575 copies.

The song "Wanted" was the album's lead single on April 14, 2009, and peaked at No. 40 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single "I Look So Good (Without You)" was released on August 25, 2009, and peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. The third single "My Cowboy" was released on November 10, 2009.

The song "Blue Jeans" was featured on the soundtrack of the film Confessions of a Shopaholic.

Confessions of a Shopaholic (film)
Confessions of a Shopaholic is a 2009 American romantic comedy film based on the first two entries in the Shopaholic series of novels by Sophie Kinsella. Directed by P. J. Hogan, the film stars Isla Fisher as the shopaholic journalist and Hugh Dancy as her boss.

The film was released in theaters on February 13, 2009. Despite being a box office success, it received negative reviews from critics, though Fisher's performance received praise.