hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simulation & Gaming
Simulation and Gaming: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Theory, Practice and Research, is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the field of computer simulation and gaming, including virtual reality, serious games and educational games. The editors-in-chief are Toshiko Kikkawa and Marlies P. Schijven. It was established in 1970 and is published by SAGE Publications.

Educational game
Educational games are games explicitly designed with educational purposes, or which have incidental or secondary educational value. All types of games may be used in an educational environment, however educational games are games that are designed to help people learn about certain subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand a historical event or culture, or assist them in learning a skill as they play. Game types include board, card, and video games.

As educators, governments, and parents realize the psychological need and benefits that gaming has on learning, this educational tool has become mainstream. Games are interactive play that teach goals, rules, adaptation, problem solving, interaction, all represented as a story. They satisfy a fundamental need to learn by providing enjoyment, passionate involvement, structure, motivation, ego gratification, adrenaline, creativity, social interaction and emotion in the game itself while the learning takes place.
Durley Halt railway station
Durley Halt railway station was the only intermediate stop on the 3+3⁄4 mile Bishops Waltham branch line that  connected Bishops Waltham to Botley. Opened in 1909 it was only ever lightly used but remained open to passengers until the last train called on 31 December 1932; Freight trains continued along the line past the station until 1962.

Bishops Waltham branch
The Bishop's Waltham branch was a railway line in Hampshire, England. It was made by a locally promoted independent company, the Bishops Waltham Railway Company. It ran from Bishop's Waltham to Botley on the Eastleigh–Fareham line of the London and South Western Railway (LSWR). The line opened on 1 June 1863.

Passenger business was never heavy, but clay pits and a brickworks and gasworks at Bishop's Waltham brought mineral traffic to the line. Nevertheless the Bishops Waltham Railway Company was always short of money and had to be supported by the LSWR, and was absorbed by the larger company in 1881.

Competition from road transport led to dwindling passenger carryings, and the line closed to passengers in 1933. A basic goods service continued, but the line closed completely in 1962.
Himali Rural Municipality
Himali (Nepali: हिमाली गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality in Bajura District in the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. It was formed in March 2017, when Government of Nepal announced 744 local level units in line with the Constitution of Nepal 2015. It lies in the northern region of Bajura District and is also considered to be the remote place of this district.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Basil Stratton
Christianity portal

The Ven. Basil Stratton (7 April 1906 - 9 May 2000) was Archdeacon of Lichfield and Canon Treasurer of Lichfield Cathedral from 1959 to 1974.

Stratton was educated at Lincoln School and Durham University. He was an active member of the Durham University Boat Club, serving as stroke for the university in both the Coxless Four and the Eight. He also attempted to row across the River Wear in a bathtub, which sank and never recovered.

Stratton was ordained deacon in 1930; and priest in 1931. After a curacy at St Stephen, Grimsby he was an SPG Missionary in India from 1932 to 1934; and with the Indian Ecclesiastical Establishment from 1935 to 1941. He was a Chaplain to the British Armed Forces from 1941 to 1947, serving in Iraq, India, Burma and Malaya, and was also Mentioned in dispatches. In 1948 he became Vicar of Figheldean; and in 1953 of Market Drayton. He was also an  Honorary Chaplain to the Queen from 1965 to 1976.

River Wear
The River Wear (/ˈwɪər/ ⓘ, WEER) in Northern England rises in the Pennines and flows eastwards, mostly through County Durham, to the North Sea in the City of Sunderland. At 60 mi (97 km) long, it is one of the region's longest rivers. The Wear wends in a steep valley through the cathedral city of Durham and gives its name to Weardale in its upper reach and Wearside by its mouth.
Louis Dupree (professor)
Louis Dupree (August 23, 1925 – March 21, 1989) was an American archaeologist, anthropologist, and scholar of Afghan culture and history. He was the husband of Nancy Hatch Dupree, who was the Board Director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University in Afghanistan and the author of five books about Afghanistan. The husband and wife team from the United States worked together for 15 years in Kabul, collecting as many works written about Afghanistan as they could. They travelled across the country from 1962 until the 1979 Soviet intervention, conducting archaeological excavations.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
J. W. O. Adjemang
J. W. O. Adjemang was a Ghanaian civil servant, politician and, member of the National Liberation Council. He was the Assistant Commissioner of the Ghana Police Service and the Commissioner for the Upper Region (now divided into the Upper East Region and the Upper West Region) from 1966 to 1967. He was succeeded by Imoru Lafia.

Upper East Region
The Upper East Region is located in the northern part of Ghana, and it is the third smallest of the 16 administrative regions in Ghana. Despite its relatively small size, the region holds an outsized significance in the nation's cultural heritage and historical narrative. It occupies a total land surface of 8,842 square kilometers, hence constituting a modest 2.7% of Ghana's total land area. The regional capital is Bolgatanga, which is sometimes referred to as Bolga. It is a major center for the production and sale of beautifully woven baskets, leather goods, and straw handicrafts. Bolga serves as the administrative and commercial heartbeat of the region. Other major towns in the region include Navrongo, Paga, Sandema, Bawku, Zebilla, Tempane, Pusiga, Garu, Pwalugu, and Widana.
Zhang Zhongxian
Zhang Zhongxian (Chinese: 张仲先; January 1926 – 5 March 2022) was a Chinese lieutenant general (zhongjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) who served as political commissar of Guangzhou Military Region between 1985 and 1992. He was a representative of the 13th and 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was an alternate member of the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 16th and 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress.

13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1987 to 1992. It held seven plenary sessions. It was preceded by the 12th Central Committee and succeeded by the 14th Central Committee. It elected the 13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1987.
Chris Annakin
Chris Annakin (born 30 January 1991) is a former English professional rugby league player who played as a second-row forward.

He has played for Wakefield Trinity in the Super League, and spent time on loan from Wakefield at Workington Town in Championship 1, and Featherstone Rovers, London Broncos and the Dewsbury Rams in the Championship.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Steve Kramer (actor)
Steve Kramer (born December 24, 1950) is an American actor who has provided voices for English language versions of Japanese anime films, television series and video games. He has also done voice acting for various Power Rangers series in the past, with the best-known of those roles being the voice of Darkonda in Power Rangers in Space. His wife, Melora Harte, is a voice actress. Kramer has also been credited as Steve Kraemer, Steven Kramer, Drew Levi Thomas, Drew Lexi Thomas, and Drew Thomas. Kramer is usually cast in the role of wise old men. He is also a voice director and script writer, adapting many anime and video games.

Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2000 TV series)
Transformers: Robots in Disguise, originally known as Transformers: Car Robots (トランスフォーマー カーロボット, Toransufōmā Kā Robotto), is a Japanese anime television series based on the Transformers franchise. The series was produced by Nihon Ad Systems and Studio Gallop, in cooperation with Korean company Dongwoo Animation, aired in Japan in 2000.

Conceived as a reboot to the franchise, with a self-contained continuity separate from any previous incarnation, a localized English adaptation aired as part of the Fox Kids programming block in the United States from September 8, 2001 to March 30, 2002.
Liberty (apple)
Liberty is a hybrid apple cultivar developed by the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station.  It was a seedling produced in 1955 from pollinating 'Macoun' from 'Purdue 54-12' for the sake of acquiring Malus floribunda disease resistances. It was first released to the public in 1978.

New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
The New York State Agricultural Experiment Station (NYSAES) at Geneva, Ontario County, New York State, is an agricultural experiment station operated by the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. In August 2018, the station was branded as Cornell AgriTech, although its official name remains unchanged.
Dizayee (tribe)
Dizayee also spelled as Dizay or Dizayi (Kurdish: دزەیی; Dizayī) are a Sorani-speaking Sunni Muslim Kurdish tribe, their territory is the Erbil plain. The tribe was also known as Dizdi or Dizdti in historical documents.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Creidhne
In Irish mythology, Credne (Old Irish) or Creidhne (Irish pronunciation: [ˈcɾʲeːnʲə]) was the goldsmith of the Tuatha Dé Danann, but he also worked with bronze and brass. He and his brothers Goibniu and Luchtaine were known as the Trí Dée Dána, the three gods of art, who forged the weapons which the Tuatha Dé used to battle the Fomorians.

It is said that Creidhne fashioned King Nuada's silver hand, together with Dian Cecht.

Creidhne is often confused with the Irish warrior Creidne.

Of Creidne's death, according to a poem affixed to the Lebor Gabála Érenn, it was said:

Creidne the pleasant artificer was drowned
on the lake-sea, the sinister pool,
fetching treasures of noble gold,

to Ireland from Spain.

Goldsmith
A goldsmith is a metalworker who specializes in working with gold and other precious metals. Modern goldsmiths mainly specialize in jewelry-making but historically, they have also made silverware, platters, goblets, decorative and serviceable utensils, and ceremonial or religious items.

Goldsmiths must be skilled in forming metal through filing, soldering, sawing, forging, casting, and polishing. The trade has very often included jewelry-making skills, as well as the very similar skills of the silversmith. Traditionally, these skills had been passed along through apprenticeships; more recently jewelry arts schools, specializing in teaching goldsmithing and a multitude of skills falling under the jewelry arts umbrella, are available. Many universities and junior colleges also offer goldsmithing, silversmithing, and metal arts fabrication as a part of their fine arts curriculum.
La Voz (Mexican TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of La Voz premiered on June 6, 2022, on Azteca Uno. The coaching panel was formed by David Bisbal, Yuridia, Ha*Ash and Joss Favela, who replaced María José, Miguel Bosé, Edith Márquez and Jesús Navarro. Eddy Vilard and Sofía Aragón both returned for their third season as hosts.

On Monday, August 29, 2022, Fátima Elizondo was announced the winner and crowned La Voz México 2022, alongside her coach Yuridia.

Yuridia became the second coach, after Carlos Rivera in season seven, to win the show after both being participants of TV Azteca's musical reality La Academia. Moreover, Yuridia became the ninth coach in eleven seasons (except Alejandro Sanz and Laura Pausini) to win on their debut season.

Pequeños Gigantes (Mexican TV series)
Pequeños Gigantes (English title: Little Giants) is a Mexican reality talent show that premiered on Las Estrellas 27 March 2011. The talent show televises groups of talented children from various Hispanic countries including the United States (each group comprises four children) competing against each other to receive the highest ranking at the end of each program, and for the first place and the grand prize. Each group has one captain, one singer, and two dancers. Six judges give each child category a rating based from 1 to 10.
Quitline
Quitlines are telephone helplines offering treatment for addiction and behavior change/issues. Presently most quitlines treat tobacco or alcohol addiction. Quitlines are treatment centres that offer advanced treatment and should not be confused with call centres.

Helpline
A helpline, or switchboard,  is a telephone service which offers help to those who call. Many helpline services now offer more than telephone support - offering access to information, advice or customer service via telephone, email, web or SMS. 
The word hotline is also sometimes used to refer to a helpline.
A helpline can provide emotional support to a person in distress in its minimalistic form. It may help the individual.

Services include:

user assistance, for example computer software support

telephone counseling, medical hotlines, insolvency hotlines, crisis hotlines and many other types of hotlines.
Shubho Drishti
Shubho Drishti was a popular Bengali television soap opera. It premiered on 1 January 2018. It aired on Colors Bangla, starring Gourab Roy Chowdhury and Aishwarya Sen in lead roles and Bidipta Chakraborty and Sukanya Goswami in a negative role. The show was produced by Shibaji Panja of Vandana Films and Enterprises.  Prasenjit Chatterjee and Rituparna Sengupta played cameo roles in this serial.

Colors Bangla
Colors Bangla (previously known as ETV Bangla) is an Indian general entertainment pay television channel broadcasting in Bengali language. It was launched in 2000 as ETV Bangla, owned by the Hyderabad-based ETV Network. It was later sold to TV18 and was rebranded under the Colors moniker.
Piper Verlag
Piper Verlag is a German publisher based in Munich, printing both fiction and non-fiction works. It currently prints over 200 new paperback titles per year. Authors published by the company include Andreas von Bülow and Sara Paretsky. It is owned by the Swedish media conglomerate Bonnier. It was founded in 1904 by 24-year-old Reinhard Piper (1879–1953).

Media conglomerate
A media conglomerate, media company, media group, or media institution is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as music, television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, video games, amusement parks, or the Internet. Despite ownership over several companies and diverse mediums, by definition, media conglomerates only maintain holdings over media and not other enterprises.

Some media conglomerates use their access in multiple areas to share various kinds of content such as: news, video and music, between users. The media sector's tendency to consolidate has caused formerly diversified companies to appear less diverse to prospective investors in comparison with similar companies that are traded publicly and privately. Therefore, the term media group may also be applied, however, it has not yet replaced the more traditional term.
Poltavka, Russia
Poltavka (Russian: Полтавка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Poltavka, Poltavsky District, Omsk Oblast, a work settlement in Poltavsky District of Omsk Oblast

Rural localities

Poltavka, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Chanovsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Poltavka, Nizhneomsky District, Omsk Oblast, a village in Solovetsky Rural Okrug of Nizhneomsky District in Omsk Oblast

Poltavka, Primorsky Krai, a selo in Oktyabrsky District of Primorsky Krai

Poltavka, Ryazan Oblast, a village in Inyakinsky Rural Okrug of Shilovsky District in Ryazan Oblast

Poltavka, Saratov Oblast, a selo in Samoylovsky District of Saratov Oblast

Poltavka, Voronezh Oblast, a selo in Dyachenkovskoye Rural Settlement of Bogucharsky District in Voronezh Oblast

Shilovsky District
Shilovsky District (Russian: Ши́ловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,390 square kilometers (920 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Shilovo. Population: 40,334 (2010 Census);  44,197 (2002 Census); 52,202 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shilovo accounts for 38.9% of the district's total population.
Jewish Day School of Metropolitan Seattle
The Jewish Day School of Metropolitan Seattle (JDS) is the oldest community Jewish day school in the Pacific Northwest. JDS offers an integrated curriculum of Judaic studies and general studies focusing on the "whole student," from Pre-Kindergarten to grade 8.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
2024–25 Liga 4 Highland Papua
The 2024–25 Liga 4 Highland Papua is the inaugural season of Liga 4 Highland Papua after the change in the structure of Indonesian football competition and serves as a qualifying round for the national phase of the 2024–25 Liga 4. The competition is organised by the Highland Papua Provincial PSSI Association.

Pendidikan Stadium
Pendidikan Stadium (Wamena Education Stadium) is a multi-use stadium in Wamena, Indonesia.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is used as the home stadium for Persiwa Wamena. The stadium has a capacity of 5,000 people.
Siloscinae
The Siloscinae are a subfamily of moth of the family Tineidae. The subfamily was described by Hungarian entomologist László Anthony Gozmány in 1968.

Most species of this subfamily are found in the Afrotropical region, but one species was described from China.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
Southside Festival
The Southside Festival (simply known as Southside) is an annual music festival that takes place near Tuttlingen, Germany, usually every June. The festival as well as its artists and audiences are generally associated within the alternative part of popular music.

The Hurricane Festival, often referred to as the "sister" of Southside, takes place on the same three days in the very north of Germany (contrary to Southside, which is in the very south).

Madsen (band)
Madsen is a German rock band that hails from Priesseck, a section of Clenze in the Wendland. Three of the members are brothers with the surname Madsen, hence the band's name.

Their music combines elements of pop, rock, indie and punk together with lyrics in German. They released their self-titled debut album in 2005 and reached No. 23 on the German music charts. In 2006, they released their second album, Goodbye Logik. Frieden im Krieg was released in 2008 and Labyrinth in 2010.
Omnipotent Government
Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and Total War is a book by Austrian School economist Ludwig von Mises first published in 1944 by Yale University Press. It is one of the most influential writings in American libertarian and right-libertarian social thought and critique of totalitarianism and state socialism, examining the rise of Nazism as an example. The book treats Nazism as a species of orthodox socialist theory. At the same time, the book offers a critique of economic interventionism, industrial central planning, the welfare state, and world government, denouncing the trends of the Western Allies towards the total state. The book was made available online by the Ludwig von Mises Institute in 2004.

Market intervention
A market intervention is a policy or measure that modifies or interferes with a market, typically done in the form of state action, but also by philanthropic and political-action groups. Market interventions can be done for a number of reasons, including as an attempt to correct market failures, or more broadly to promote public interests or protect the interests of specific groups.

Economic interventions can be aimed at a variety of political or economic objectives, including but not limited to promoting economic growth, increasing employment, raising wages, raising or reducing prices, reducing income inequality, managing the money supply and interest rates, or increasing profits. A wide variety of tools can be used to achieve these aims, such as taxes or fines, state owned enterprises, subsidies, or regulations such as price floors and price ceilings.