hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lamyana
Lamyana was a town of ancient Lydia, inhabited during Roman times. Its name does not occur among ancient authors, but is inferred from epigraphic and other evidence.

Its site is tentatively located near Büyükbelen in Asiatic Turkey.

Lydia
Lydia (Ancient Greek: Λυδία, romanized: Ludía; Latin: Lȳdia) was an Iron Age kingdom situated in western Anatolia, in modern-day Turkey. Later, it became an important province of the Achaemenid Empire and then the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sardis.

At some point before 800 BCE, the Lydian people achieved some sort of political cohesion, and existed as an independent kingdom by the 600s BCE. At its greatest extent, during the 7th century BCE, it covered all of western Anatolia. In 546 BCE, it became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire, known as Sparda in Old Persian. In 133 BCE, it became part of the Roman province of Asia.

Lydian coins, made of electrum, are among the oldest in existence, dated to around the 7th century BCE.
Next in Line (Johnny Cash song)
"Next in Line" is a song written and originally recorded by Johnny Cash.

The song was recorded by Cash in April 1957 and released as a single on Sun Records (Sun 266) later in the year, with "Don't Make Me Go" (another song from the same recording session) on the opposite side. The single reached #9 on the Billboard C&W Best Sellers in Stores chart. The song "Next in Line" (on its own) also reached #99 on the Top 100 and the top ten on the Most Played C&W by Jockeys chart.

Sun Records
Sun Records is an American independent record label founded by producer Sam Phillips in Memphis, Tennessee on February 1, 1952. Sun was the first label to record Elvis Presley, Charlie Rich, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and Johnny Cash. Prior to that, Sun had concentrated mainly on African-American musicians because Phillips loved rhythm and blues and wanted to bring it to a white audience.

On January 28, 2021, Sun Records was acquired by Primary Wave for $30 million.
Treasures of the Snow
Treasures of the Snow is a children's novel by Patricia St. John. Originally published by CSSM in 1950, it has been reprinted over a dozen times by various publishers, including braille versions published by the Royal National Institute for the Blind in 1959 and by the Queensland Braille Writing Association in 1996. The book is still in print today.

Over the years it has been translated into and published in many languages, including French, Hungarian, Finnish, Danish, Chinese, Czech, German, Greek, Italian, Vietnamese, Korean, Mari, Faroese, Polish, Welsh, Serbian, Bosnian, Romanian and Russian. An audiobook version in English was produced by Blackstone Audio in October 2005, available in CD, MP3 and audio cassette formats.

Blackstone Audio
Blackstone Audio is an independent audiobook publisher in the United States, offering over 25,000 audiobooks. The company is based in Ashland, Oregon, with five in-house recording studios. Blackstone distributes directly to consumers via their subscription e-commerce site, Downpour.com, and to the library market with titles from Blackstone, Macmillan, Hachette, HarperCollins, Brilliance, BBC, and Disney Press.

Blackstone has made deals with other audiobook companies where Blackstone manufactures physical CD & MP3 CD format media and distributes them to retail and library locations. Labels under this program include Naxos AudioBooks and Recorded Books.

In 2015, Blackstone expanded with Blackstone Publishing, an imprint devoted to print and e-books.
1997–98 National League 1
The 1997–98 National League 1, sponsored by Jewson, was the eleventh full season of rugby union within the third tier of the English league system, currently known as National League 1. For the first ten seasons Courage Brewery sponsored the league. Following reorganisation the top two divisions are sponsored by the assurance company Allied Dunbar and the rest of the divisions, including National League 1 is sponsored by the building suppliers, Jewson.

Worcester finished as champions. Due to league restructuring by the RFU, runners up Leeds, 3rd place London Welsh and fourth place Rugby Lions were also promoted to the 1998–99 Premiership 2, and there was no relegation.

Rugby Football Union
The Rugby Football Union (RFU) is the national governing body for rugby union in England. It was founded in 1871, and was the sport's international governing body prior to the formation of what is now known as World Rugby (WR) in 1886. It promotes and runs the sport, organises international matches for the England national team, and educates and trains players and officials.

The RFU is an industrial and provident society owned by over 2,000 member clubs, representing over 2.5 million registered players, and forms the largest rugby union society in the world, and one of the largest sports organisations in England. It is based at Twickenham Stadium, London.

In September 2010 the equivalent women's rugby body, the Rugby Football Union for Women (RFUW), was able to nominate a member to the RFU Council to represent women's and girls' rugby. The RFUW was integrated into the RFU in July 2012.
Adirondack Lake
Adirondack Lake is located north of Indian Lake, New York. The outlet flows through a creek into Lake Abanakee. Fish species present in the lake are northern pike, white sucker, largemouth bass, black bullhead, yellow perch, rock bass, and pumpkinseed sunfish. There is a carry down on the southeast shore off NY-28 near the dam.

Pumpkinseed
The pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), also referred to as sun perch, pond perch, common sunfish, punkie, sunfish, sunny, and kivver, is a small to medium–sized freshwater fish of the genus Lepomis (true sunfishes), from the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) in the order Centrarchiformes. It is endemic to eastern North America.
Regular extension
In field theory, a branch of algebra, a field extension  is said to be regular if k is algebraically closed in L  (i.e.,  where  is the set of elements in L algebraic over k) and L is separable over k, or equivalently,  is an integral domain when  is the algebraic closure of  (that is, to say,  are linearly disjoint over k).

Algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial with coefficients in F has a root in F. In other words, a field is algebraically closed if the fundamental theorem of algebra holds for it.  For example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed because the polynomial  has no real roots, while the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

Every field  is contained in an algebraically closed field  and the roots in  of the polynomials with coefficients in  form an algebraically closed field called an algebraic closure of  Given two algebraic closures of  there are isomorphisms between them that fix the elements of

Algebraically closed fields appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Lenin M. Sivam
Lenin M. Sivam is a Sri Lankan-born Canadian filmmaker, writer, director, editor, and producer based in Toronto, Ontario. His work focuses on stories drawn from Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora communities and explores themes of identity, migration, secrecy, trauma, and social stigma. He is known for feature films including 1999 (2009), A Gun & a Ring (2013), Roobha (2018), and The Protector (2022).

His films have screened at international festivals including the Vancouver International Film Festival, Montreal World Film Festival, ReelWorld Film Festival, and Fantasia International Film Festival, and have received audience awards and international recognition within diaspora film circuits.

Fantasia International Film Festival
The Fantasia International Film Festival, also known as Fantasia Fest or simply Fantasia, is an annual film festival founded in 1996 and held primarily in Montreal, Canada. It specializes in genre films, including fantasy, horror, science fiction, and cult cinema, and draws over 100,000 attendees each year.

Fantasia is frequently cited as the leading genre film festival in North America, and is considered one of the top three genre festivals worldwide, alongside Sitges and Fantastic Fest. Its mission is to promote genre, anti-Hollywood cinema and assist independent filmmakers, having launched the careers of many modern auteurs throughout the years.

Since 2012, the festival has also held the Frontières cinema market that allows promising projects to find potential producers and distributors. Since 2016, Frontières has partnered with the Marché du Film, led by the Cannes Film Festival, and from 2026, with the European Film Market at the Berlin International Film Festival.
Choreutis aegyptiaca
Choreutis aegyptiaca is a species of moth of the family Choreutidae. It is found in the India, Nepal, Israel, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Egypt, La Réunion, Nepal, Oman, Uganda, Namibia and South Africa.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on Ficus sycomorus, Ficus infectoria, Ficus glomerata, Ficus reflexa and Ficus benghalensis.

Choreutidae
Choreutidae, or metalmark moths, are a family of insects in the lepidopteran order whose relationships have been long disputed. It was placed previously in the superfamily Yponomeutoidea in family Glyphipterigidae and in superfamily Sesioidea. It is now considered to represent its own superfamily (Minet, 1986). The relationship of the family to the other lineages in the group "Apoditrysia" need a new assessment, especially with new molecular data.
Montiniaceae
Montiniaceae is a family of flowering plants. It includes two or three genera of shrubs and small trees, native to southwest Africa and tropical East Africa as well as Madagascar. The genera Grevea and Montinia are included in most classification systems. The genus Kaliphora is included in the Montiniaceae in many newer classification systems, including the APG II, but other classification systems, including that of Armen Takhtajan, include Kaliphora in its own family, the Kaliphoraceae.

Armen Takhtajan
Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian (Armenian: Արմեն Լևոնի Թախտաջյան; Russian: Армен Леонович Тахтаджян; pronounced takh-tuh-JAHN; 10 June 1910 – 13 November 2009), was a Soviet-Armenian botanist, one of the most important figures in 20th century plant evolution and systematics and biogeography. His other interests included morphology of flowering plants, paleobotany, and the flora of the Caucasus. He was one of the most influential taxonomists of the latter twentieth century.
Choaspes plateni
Choaspes plateni, commonly known as the branded awlking, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Asia. Known food plants include Meliosma (Meliosmaceae) and Pometia (Sapindaceae)

Meliosma
Meliosma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Sabiaceae, native to tropical to warm temperate regions of southern and eastern Asia and the Americas. It is traditionally considered to contain about 100 species; some botanists take a much more conservative view accepting only 20-25 species as distinct. They are trees or shrubs, growing to 10–45 m tall.

Fossil evidence shows the genus formerly had a much wider range in the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe and central Asia until the late Pliocene ice ages, and somewhat earlier in North America. At least 17 species of Meliosma are known from Peru.

The Indian awlking (Choaspes benjaminii) is one of the Lepidoptera whose caterpillars feed on Meliosma; they have been found on M. pungens, rhoifolia, M. rigida, and M. squamulata.
Chrobry Oak
The Chrobry Oak is an oak tree, the largest oak in Poland and one of the biggest in Europe.

It is monumental oak with single-stemmed, hollow trunk, its girth was 1004 cm, height – 26 m and volume – 90 m³ (in 2014). Moreover, it is the oldest oak tree in Poland. Age of the Chrobry is about 760 years, according to dendrochronological research.

Oak was officially preserved (as a natural monument) since 1966.

Chrobry was measured in 1908 at the earliest, by Theodor Schube (German botanist), girth of the tree was 861 cm.

Tree was set on fire by vandals in November 2014. Chrobry remained in fatal condition, but in 2015 part of the crown was still alive.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur, the pedunculate (or "English") oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe, North Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a very wide diversity of herbivorous insects and other pests, predators and pathogens.
Rainforest scops owl
The Madagascar scops owl (Otus rutilus), also known as the Malagasy scops owl or rainforest scops owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found throughout Madagascar, now that it has recently been lumped with the Torotoroka scops owl (O. r. madagascariensis), with which it was long considered a separate species from. The nominate O. r. rutilus is referred to as the rainforest scops owl.

Strigidae
The true owls or typical owls (family Strigidae) are one of the two generally accepted families of owls, the other being the barn owls and bay owls (Tytonidae).  This large family comprises 230 living or recently extinct species in 24 genera. The Strigidae owls have a cosmopolitan distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Neil Harmon
Neil Anthony Harmon (born 9 January 1969) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. He played at representative level for Great Britain & Ireland as a British Lion on the 1996 Tour to Papua New Guinea, Fiji and New Zealand Ireland, and at club level for Warrington, Leeds Rhinos, Huddersfield Giants, Bradford Bulls, Salford City Reds and Halifax, as prop, or second-row.

Substitution (sport)
In team sports, substitution (or interchange) is replacing one player with another during a match.  Substitute players that are not in the starting lineup (also known as bench players, backups, interchange, or reserves) reside on the bench and are available to substitute for a starter. Later in the match, that substitute may be substituted for by another substitute or by a starter who is currently on the bench.

Free substitution or rolling substitution is a rule in some sports that allows players to enter and leave the game for other players many times during the course of a game, generally during a time-out or other break in live play; and for coaches to bring in and take out players an unlimited number of times. In other sports, limited substitution restricts the manner in which players can be replaced.
Rest Haven, Georgia
Rest Haven is a town primarily in northern Gwinnett and partly in southern Hall counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of 2020, its population was 45.

Rest Haven is located along Georgia State Route 13, a highway from Atlanta to Gainesville that is immediately west of Interstate 985. The Gwinnett County portion of Rest Haven is part of the Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Marietta, GA-AL metropolitan statistical area, while the Hall County portion is part of the Gainesville, GA metropolitan statistical area.

Interstate 985
Interstate 985 (I-985) is a 24.04-mile-long (38.69 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in Northeast Georgia. It links the Atlanta metropolitan area to the city of Gainesville via Suwanee. I-985 is also known as the Sidney Lanier Parkway, after the musician and poet, and is also designated as unsigned State Route 419 (SR 419). The roadway was designated as I-985 in 1985. I-985 and SR 365 are concurrent for I-985's entire length, but only the I-985 signs are displayed. I-985 is also concurrent with US Route 23 (US 23) from exit 4 northward. I-985 is the highest-numbered spur route of a north–south Interstate and is second only to I-990, which serves the town of Amherst, New York.
Ashish Yadav (cricketer)
Ashish Yadav (born 1 September 1985) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Uttar Pradesh in the 2010–11 Ranji Trophy on 1 December 2010. He was the leading wicket-taker for Railways in the 2018–19 Vijay Hazare Trophy, with eleven dismissals in six matches.

Uttar Pradesh cricket team
The Uttar Pradesh cricket team, formerly United Provinces Cricket Team, is a domestic cricket team which is based in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, run by the Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class cricket tournament Ranji Trophy and limited-overs Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy in 2005–06 and have been runners-up on five occasions. Cricketers such as Suresh Raina, Mohammad Kaif, Piyush Chawla, Rudra Pratap Singh, Praveen Kumar, Bhuvneshwar Kumar and Kuldeep Yadav have passed through Uttar Pradesh and gone on to represent India.
Grintovec, Kočevje
Grintovec (pronounced [ˈɡɾiːntɔʋəts]; also Grintovec pri Kočevju; German: Grintowitz or Grintowitz bei Altlack; Gottscheerish: Grintəbitz) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Kleč.

Kleč, Kočevje
Kleč (pronounced [ˈkleːtʃ]; in older sources also Kleče, German: Kletsch, also Kletsch bei Altlack) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now part of the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It no longer has any permanent residents.
Nachman Shai
Nachman Shai (Hebrew: נחמן שי‎; born 28 November 1946) is an Israeli journalist and politician who served as Minister of Diaspora Affairs. He previously served as a member of the Knesset and its Deputy Speaker, as well as the IDF spokesman. In April 2024 he was appointed Dean of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion Taube Family Campus in Jerusalem.

Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
The Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR; also known as Hebrew Union College or HUC) is an institution of higher Jewish education and the academic, spiritual, and professional leadership development center of Reform Judaism. It has three locations in the United States and one location in Jerusalem. It is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators and communal workers in Reform Judaism. Hebrew Union College has campuses in Cincinnati, Ohio, New York City, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem. The Jerusalem campus is the only seminary in Israel for training Reform Jewish clergy.
Endaural phenomena
Endaural phenomena are sounds that are heard without any external acoustic stimulation. Endaural means "in the ear". Phenomena include transient ringing in the ears (that sound like sine tones), white noise-like sounds, and subjective tinnitus. Endaural phenomena need to be distinguished from otoacoustic emissions, in which a person's ear emits sounds. The emitter typically cannot hear the sounds made by his or her ear. Endaural phenomena also need to be distinguished from auditory hallucinations, which are sometimes associated with psychosis.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Rory Carville
Rory Carville (Castleblayney, County Monaghan) is an Irish Michelin star winning head chef formerly with restaurant Locks Brasserie in Dublin.

Carville studied at the Killybegs Catering College.  He has previously worked at the Four Seasons Hotel Dublin under chef Terry White and L'Ecrivain under chef Derry Clarke. Afterwards, he worked with Sébastien Masi at his Pearl Brasserie, before he was appointed as head chef of Locks Brasserie. He left the restaurant in July 2013 to open a new restaurant in the Clarence Hotel, together with Oliver Dunne.

Clarence Hotel
The Clarence Hotel is a four-star 51-room hotel located at 6–8 Wellington Quay, Dublin, Ireland. It is in the Temple Bar neighbourhood, on the River Liffey. It first opened in 1852, and was bought by U2 lead singer Bono and lead guitarist The Edge together with their business partners in 1992, and opened after refurbishment in 1996.

The hotel was constructed on land that was originally reclaimed for the building of the Old Custom House around 1704.
Blackbeard the Pirate
Blackbeard the Pirate is a 1952 American adventure pirate film directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Robert Newton, Linda Darnell, William Bendix, Keith Andes, and Torin Thatcher. The film was made by RKO Radio Pictures and produced by Edmund Grainger from a screenplay by Alan Le May based on the story by DeVallon Scott.

Robert Maynard
Captain Robert Maynard (19 September 1684 – 4 January 1750) was a Royal Navy officer. Little is known about Maynard's early life, other than that he was born in England in 1684 and eventually joined the English navy. He was made a lieutenant in January 1707, and by 1709 was the third lieutenant on HMS Bedford.

In November 1718, Maynard was tasked with hunting down and capturing the notorious pirate Blackbeard. While leading HMS Pearl, Maynard lured Blackbeard into attacking his ship off the coast of North Carolina, and in the ensuing struggle Maynard and his crew killed Blackbeard. Expecting to be rewarded for his actions, Maynard was never fully compensated or paid for the expedition. He was eventually promoted to master and commander in 1739, and to captain in 1740, before dying at the age of 65 in his home county of Kent.
Elena Sorokina
Elena Sorokina is a curator, art historian and writer based in Paris and Brussels. She was part of the curatorial team for documenta 14 (2017) and co-curator of the Armenian Pavilion at the 59th Venice Biennale (2022). She served as chief curator of the HISK Higher Institute of Fine Arts, Belgium in 2017–2019. As independent curator, Sorokina has organised projects at BOZAR Centre for Fine Arts, Art Brussels, and WIELS, Brussels; Centre Pompidou and Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; SMBA Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam; Rudolfinum, Prague; and Pera Museum, Istanbul, among others.

Documenta
Documenta (often stylized documenta) is an exhibition of contemporary art which takes place every five years in Kassel, Germany.

documenta was founded by artist, teacher and curator Arnold Bode in 1955 as part of the Bundesgartenschau (Federal Horticultural Show) which took place in Kassel at that time. It was an attempt to bring Germany up to speed with modern art, both banishing and repressing the cultural darkness of Nazism. This first documenta featured many European artists who are generally considered to have had a significant influence on modern art (such as Picasso and Kandinsky). The more recent editions of the event feature artists based across the world, but much of the art is site-specific.

Every documenta is limited to 100 days of exhibition, which is why it is often referred to as the "museum of 100 days". documenta is not a selling exhibition.