hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis Vallin
Louis Vallin (French pronunciation: [lwi valɛ̃]; 16 August 1770 in Dormans – 25 December 1854 in Paris) was a French general.  He became colonel of the 6th Hussars in 1807 and a general in 1812.  He fought for the Royalists during the French intervention in Spain.  He was rewarded for his service with appointment as a commander of the Order of Saint Louis, a grand officier of the Legion of Honor and a baron of the First French Empire.  His name is one of those of notable French commanders inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

Order of Saint Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (French: ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April  1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles. By the authorities of the French Republic, it is considered a predecessor of the Legion of Honour, with which it shares the red ribbon (though the Legion of Honour is awarded to military personnel and civilians alike).

Although officially abolished by the government authorities of the July Revolution in 1830 following the French Revolution, its activities carried on as a dynastic order of the formerly sovereign royal family. As such, it is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry.
Habibur Rahman Sohan
Habibur Rahman Sohan (born 20 November 1999) is a Bangladeshi cricketer, who is a right-handed batsman. He grew up in Sirajganj and played in various corporate leagues of Rajshahi. He moved to Dhaka in 2020 and received training from Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club Academy.

Sirajganj
Sirajganj is a city in north-western Bangladesh on the right bank of the Jamuna River, located in Rajshahi Division. It is the administrative headquarters of Sirajganj District and Sirajganj Sadar Upazila.
It has a population of 4,50,000 (approx.) which makes it the 13th largest city in Bangladesh.

It is about 110 kilometres (68 mi) north west of the capital, Dhaka. It is the city where Pakistani Brig. Jehanzeb Arbab looted the bank back in 1971 during the Bangladesh Liberation War. It was once a principal centre of the jute trade.
Hatta Assembly constituency
Hatta is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1951, as one of the Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes since 2008, following delimitation of the legislative assembly constituencies.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Shehu Sani
Shehu Sani (born 29 October 1967) is a Nigerian senator, an author, playwright and a human rights activist. He is the President of the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria - (CRCN). and was the Chairman of Hand-in-Hand, Africa. He was a leading figure in the struggle for the restoration of democracy in Nigeria. He has been arrested and jailed by successive past military regimes in Nigeria. He was released from life imprisonment when democracy was restored in Nigeria in 1999. He contested and won the Kaduna Central Senatorial District on the platform of the All Progressive Congress on 28 March 2015.

People's Redemption Party
The People's Redemption Party is a social democratic political party in Nigeria. The Second Republic reincarnation of the Northern Elements Progressive Union and the Fourth Republican reincarnation of a similar namesake, the party was created by the supporters of Mallam Aminu Kano after his withdrawal from the National Party of Nigeria. Established in 1978, it is the longest surviving political party in Nigeria's history.

The original party was banned after the 1983 military coup led by General Muhammadu Buhari. In the Fourth Republic, the party with the same name resurfaced under the leadership of Abdulkadir Balarabe Musa but could not gather the same level of support as its Second Republic namesake.
Abram Trigg
Abram Trigg (1750 – unknown) was an American planter, lawyer and politician who represented Montgomery County, Virginia in the Virginia Ratifying Convention and U.S. House of Representatives (1797-1809) after fighting with the Virginia militia in the Revolutionary War.

Virginian militia
The Virginia militia is an armed force composed of all citizens of the Commonwealth of Virginia capable of bearing arms.  The Virginia militia was established in 1607 as part of the English militia system. Militia service in Virginia was compulsory for all free males. The main purpose of the Crown's militia was to repel invasions and insurrections and to enforce the laws of the colony.
Nicolas J-L Pilon
Brigadier General Nicolas J-L Pilon , MSM, CD is a Canadian Army officer who has served as the Commandant of RMC Saint-Jean since August 9, 2019. Previously he served as the Commanding Officer of the 2nd Combat Engineer Regiment and served in Haiti as Chief of Staff of the United Nations Military Forces on the MINUSTAH Stabilization Mission. Due to his efforts in the MINUSTAH Stabilization Mission he was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal.

Commandant
Commandant (/ˌkɒmənˈdɑːnt/ or /ˌkɒmənˈdænt/; French: [kɔmɑ̃dɑ̃]) is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy. This usage is common in English-speaking nations. In some countries it may be a military or police rank. It is also often used to refer to the commander of a military prison or prison camp (including concentration camps and prisoner of war camps).
Cristina Sciolla
Cristina Sciolla (born 29 June 1965) is an Italian short track speed skater. She competed in two events at the 1992 Winter Olympics.

At the 1988 Winter Olympic Games in Calgary, Cristina Sciolla won, together with teammates Maria Rosa Candido, Gabriella Monteduro and Barbara Mussio, the gold medal in the 3000m short track relay.

Short-track speed skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Short track speed skating was a demonstration sport at the 1988 Winter Olympic Games. Those competition events took place at the Max Bell Arena in Calgary. This was the only time in the history of Olympic Games that the short track venue was shared with curling.
Hair stick
A hair stick (also fazan , zanzi) is a device, long and thin, usually between five and nine inches (13 cm to 23 cm) long, used to hold a person's hair bun or similar hairstyle in place. It may be straight or tapered; it is often pointed to ease insertion.

Like hairpins, hair sticks may be anywhere from quite plain and simple to elaborate and decorative; some feature jeweled or carved designs that make them stand out as pieces of jewelry. The price of hair sticks varies greatly depending on the style, materials, and craftsmanship: the cheapest pairs of plastic hair sticks can cost less than a dollar, while a single, hand-crafted hair stick by an artist can cost over two hundred dollars.

Other everyday objects, such as pens, pencils, and chopsticks, are often used as impromptu hair sticks.

Pen
A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, typically paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an inkwell. 
Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in illustration and calligraphy. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by ballpoint pens, rollerball pens, fountain pens and felt or ceramic tip pens.

Ruling pens, which were used for technical drawing and cartography, have been replaced by technical pens such as the Rapidograph. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
Borsztal
Borsztal [ˈbɔrʂtal] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Dziemiany, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kościerzyna County
Kościerzyna County (Kashubian: Kòscérsczi kréz, Polish: powiat kościerski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kościerzyna, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. Its borders equal approximately the borders of the old Marquessate of Berent in the German Empire.

The county covers an area of 1,165.85 square kilometres (450.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 72,589, out of which the population of Kościerzyna is 23,776, and the rural population is 48,813.

Kościerzyna County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kościerzyna County is bordered by Kartuzy County to the north, Gdańsk County and Starogard County to the east, Chojnice County to the south, and Bytów County to the west.
Ponytail (band)
Ponytail was an American four-piece art rock band formed in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. The group featured vocalist Willy Siegel, guitarists Dustin Wong and Ken Seeno, and drummer Jeremy Hyman. The band has toured internationally, with bands such as Battles, Hella, Don Caballero, High Places and others. They have released three albums, Kamehameha, Ice Cream Spiritual, and Do Whatever You Want All The Time. They were named "Best Live Band" by Baltimore City Paper in September 2007 and "Best Band" in September 2008

Battles (band)
Battles is an American experimental rock duo formed in 2002 in New York City by Ian Williams (formerly of Don Caballero and Storm & Stress). The current line-up is composed of guitarist/keyboardist Williams and drummer John Stanier (formerly of Helmet, Tomahawk and The Mark of Cain). Former members include composer/vocalist Tyondai Braxton and guitarist/bassist Dave Konopka. The band has released four studio albums to date, with the most recent Juice B Crypts being released in 2019.

The band is highly regarded by critics, particularly for their work from the mid-2000s to the 2010s, as well as integrating Avant-garde and experimental electronic influences. In 2007, Pitchfork wrote that "Battles have done more to extend the idea of a flesh-and-blood band enhanced by computer technology than anyone since the late, lamented Disco Inferno."
SS William Paca
SS William Paca was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after William Paca, a signatory to the United States Declaration of Independence from Maryland, a delegate to the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress from Maryland, Governor of Maryland and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.

Governor of Maryland
The governor of the State of Maryland is the head of government of Maryland, and is the commander-in-chief of the state's National Guard units. The governor is the highest-ranking official in the state and has a broad range of appointive powers in both the state and local governments, as specified by the Maryland Constitution (1867, and revisions/amendments).

The current governor is Wes Moore, who has been in office since 2023.
Columbia City Historic District (Seattle)
The Columbia City Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in the Columbia City neighborhood in the Rainier Valley area of Seattle, Washington. It is roughly bounded by South Hudson Street, South Alaska Street, 35th Avenue and Rainier Avenue. Its historic uses include specialty stores, multiple dwellings, single dwellings, meeting halls, schools, religious structures, and parks. Its architecture includes Mission Revival, Spanish Revival, Colonial Revival and other styles. On September 8, 1980, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Rainier Valley, Seattle
Rainier Valley (/reɪˈnɪər/ ray-NEER) is a neighborhood in southeastern Seattle, Washington. It is located north of Rainier Beach, south of the Central District, east of Beacon Hill, and west of Mount Baker, Seward Park, and Leschi. It is part of Seattle's South End.
Joe Louis (horse)
Joe Louis was a horse owned by the United States Army. He was purchased by the Army in 1938 and named in honor of boxer Joe Louis. Joe Louis died at Fort Riley, Kansas in 1957 and was the last of three living operational cavalry mounts of the U.S. Army, the others being Chief and Gambler.

Fort Riley
Fort Riley is a United States Army installation located in North Central Kansas, on the Kansas River, also known as the Kaw, between Junction City and Manhattan. The Fort Riley Military Reservation covers 101,733 acres (41,170 ha) in Geary and Riley counties. The Fort consists of six functional areas, including the Main Post, Camp Funston, Marshall Army Airfield (MAAF), Camp Whitside, Camp Forsyth, and Custer Hill. The portion of the fort that contains housing development is part of the Fort Riley census-designated place, with a residential population of 9,230 as of the 2020 census. The ZIP Code is 66442.
Foxtel Box Office
Foxtel Box Office was one of Foxtel's Pay Per View systems, which showed movies. It had 14 channels. Films came to Foxtel Box Office same day as DVD or 1–3 months after DVD release

The service closed on 11 October 2017.

Foxtel
NXE Australia Pty Ltd, trading as the Foxtel Group, is an Australian pay television company that operates direct broadcast satellite television, and IPTV streaming services. It was formed in April 2018, superseding an earlier company from 1995. The service was established as a 50/50 joint venture between News Corp Australia (which held a controlling 65% stake) and Telstra (which held the remaining 35%).

Since 2025, the company is owned by DAZN. It shares many features with the Sky service in the UK and Ireland – including the iQ box, the electronic programme guide, a similar remote control, and Red Button Active.
European Society for the History of Photography
The European Society for the History of Photography (ESHPh), founded in 1978, is a society concerned with the historical events within photography from a European perspective.

The ESHPh publicly hosts symposia, publishes journals, and distributes the "International Letter" to its members. The ESHPh is actively chronicling the historiography of the history of photography in Europe.

Egdean
Egdean (pronounced Egg-deen) is a small village in the civil parish of Petworth, in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies just off the A283 road 1.7 miles (2.8 km) southeast of Petworth. In 1931 the parish had a population of 82. On 1 April 1933 the parish was abolished and merged with Petworth.

In earlier centuries a horse fair was held at Egdean. It was one of the last occasions on which the 3rd Earl of Egremont was seen out in public before he died in 1837. The earl gave a £20 prize for the best three-year-old colt or filly.

The Anglican church of St Bartholomew, dating from the 16th century, is in regular use.
Anthem Christmas tree
The Anthem Christmas tree is a Christmas tree erected annually at the Outlets North Phoenix, an outlet mall in Anthem, Arizona, approximately 30 mi (48 km) north of downtown Phoenix. The mall's tree is the tallest Christmas tree in the state of Arizona every year, and is often listed as the tallest Christmas tree in the United States.

Outlet store
An outlet store, factory outlet or factory store is a brick and mortar or online store where manufacturers sell their merchandise directly to the public. Products at outlet stores are usually sold at reduced prices compared to regular stores due to being overstock, closeout, returned, factory seconds, or lower-quality versions manufactured specifically for outlets. Traditionally, a factory outlet was a store attached to a factory or warehouse, sometimes allowing customers to watch the production process, such as in the original L.L. Bean store. In modern usage, outlet stores are typically manufacturer-branded stores such as Gap or Bon Worth grouped together in outlet malls. The invention of the factory outlet store is often credited to Harold Alfond, founder of the Dexter Shoe Company.
Neshaminy Falls, Pennsylvania
Neshaminy Falls is an unincorporated community in Bensalem Township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. Neshaminy Falls is located in the northwestern part of the township, southwest of Bristol Road. It is served by the Neshaminy Falls station on SEPTA's West Trenton Line.

The community derives its name from Neshaminy Creek, a Native American name purported to mean "double stream".

Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania
Bensalem Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township borders the northeastern section of Philadelphia and includes the communities of Andalusia, Bensalem, Bridgewater, Cornwells Heights, Eddington, Flushing, Oakford, Siles, Trappe, and Trevose. Bensalem Township has no other incorporated municipalities within its boundaries. It is located within the Delaware Valley, also known as the Philadelphia metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 62,707, which made it the most populous municipality in Bucks County and the ninth-most populated municipality in Pennsylvania.

The township, which was founded in 1692, is almost as old as Pennsylvania itself, which was founded in 1682.
Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke
The women's 200 metre breaststroke event at the 1936 Summer Olympics, took place from 8 to 11 August, at the (50 m) Olympiapark Schwimmstadion Berlin. It was the fourth appearance of the event, which first appeared at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. A total of 23 competitors from 12 nations participated in the event.

The world record holder at the time, Japanese Hideko Maehata, won the event four years after losing the gold medal to Australian Clare Dennis by one tenth of a second. Twenty four-year-old German silver medalist Martha Genenger broke the Olympic record in her heat on 8 August, but Maebata broke it again in the next heat with a time of 3:01.9 seconds. Danish Inge Sørensen won the bronze medal, becoming the youngest ever female Olympic medalist (12 years, 24 days). Sørensen's compatriot Valborg Christensen was favoured to win a medal in this event, but she was eliminated after finishing fifth in her semifinal.

Clare Dennis
Clara "Clare" Dennis (7 March 1916 – 5 June 1971), later known by her married name Clare Golding, was an Australian breaststroke swimmer of the 1930s who won the gold medal in the 200-metre breaststroke at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.
Tord Godal
Tord Godal (27 June 1909 – 27 February 2002) was a Norwegian theologian and bishop for the Diocese of Nidaros.  He was decorated Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1969.  Godal was also a Freemason.

Godal was born on 27 June 1909 in Stavanger, Norway.  He was educated in theology, receiving his cand.theol. degree in 1932 and his dr.theol. degree in 1947.  He served as a pastor in various positions in the Diocese of Oslo between 1934 and 1940. He was a chaplain in Trondheim from 1940 to 1948, resident chaplain at Bakke Church in Trondheim from 1948 to 1956, and Dean of the Oslo Cathedral from 1956 to 1960.  He was bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros from 1960 to 1979, the longest serving bishop in Nidaros during the 20th century.  He also served as praeses of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters from 1966 to 1973.  Godal died in Trondheim on 27 February 2002.

Doctor of Theology
Doctor of Theology (Latin: Doctor Theologiae, abbreviated DTh, ThD, DTheol, or Dr. theol.) is a terminal degree in the academic discipline of theology. The ThD, like the ecclesiastical Doctor of Sacred Theology, is an advanced research degree equivalent to the Doctor of Philosophy.
Kagemusha
Kagemusha (影武者; Shadow Warrior) is a 1980 Japanese epic jidaigeki film directed by Akira Kurosawa. It is set in the Sengoku period of Japanese history and tells the story of a lower-class petty thief who is taught to impersonate the dying daimyō Takeda Shingen to dissuade opposing lords from attacking the newly vulnerable clan. Kagemusha is the Japanese term for a political decoy, literally meaning "shadow warrior". The film ends with the climactic 1575 Battle of Nagashino.

Kagemusha was released to critical acclaim. The film won the Palme d'Or at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival (tied with All That Jazz). It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and received other honours. In 2009 the film was voted at No. 59 on the list of The Greatest Japanese Films of All Time by Japanese film magazine Kinema Junpo.

Jidaigeki
Jidaigeki (時代劇) is a genre of film, television, and theatre in Japan. Literally meaning "period dramas", it refers to stories that take place before the Meiji Restoration of 1868.

Jidaigeki show the lives of the samurai, farmers, craftsmen, and merchants of their time. Jidaigeki films are sometimes referred to as chambara movies, a word meaning "sword fight", though chambara is more accurately a subgenre of jidaigeki. Jidaigeki rely on an established set of dramatic conventions including the use of makeup, language, catchphrases, and plotlines.
Puyat
Puyat is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernadette Romulo-Puyat (born 1971), Filipino government official

Gil Puyat (1907–1981), Filipino statesman and businessman

Gonzalo Puyat II (1933–2013), Filipino sport administrator and politician

Anna York Bondoc (born 1967), Filipino pulmonologist and politician

Juan Pablo Bondoc (born 1969), Filipino politician

Anna York Bondoc
Anna York Cristina Puyat Bondoc-Sagum (born May 11, 1967) is a Filipino pulmonologist and politician currently serving as a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines representing Pampanga's 4th congressional district since June 30, 2022. She previously held the position from 2004 to 2013.
Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group Inc.
Castle Rock Entertainment Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group, 150 F.3d 132 (2d Cir. 1998), was a U.S. copyright infringement case involving the popular American sitcom Seinfeld. Some U.S. copyright law courses use the case to illustrate modern application of the fair use doctrine. The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit upheld a lower court's summary judgment that the defendant had committed copyright infringement. The decision is noteworthy for classifying Seinfeld trivia not as unprotected facts, but as protectable expression. The court also rejected the defendant's fair use defense finding that any transformative purpose possessed in the derivative work was "slight to non-existent" under the Supreme Court ruling in Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994).

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Connecticut

Eastern District of New York

Northern District of New York

Southern District of New York

Western District of New York

District of Vermont