hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Severity factor
A severity factor is established as a coefficient to assess the dielectric severity supported by a transformer winding considering the incoming transient overvoltage (voltage spike). It determines the safety margin regarding to the standard acceptance tests either in the frequency or time domain.

Severity factors are a newly concept for analyzing the dielectric severity supported along transformer windings when a transformer is submitted to a non-standardized transient voltage waveform induced from the power system.

Two are the new factors considered for evaluating the severity supported by the insulation windings both in factory and in service. One factor is called Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) and another one is the Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF).

Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.

Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism.

Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.
Alan Wareing
Alan Wareing (born 16 August 1943 in Chorley, Lancashire) is a British television director. He became interested in directing through amateur theatre. He directed many plays before he started working in BBC Television, firstly as an assistant floor manager and then as a production assistant, before training to be a director at the corporation. His early work as a director included three Doctor Who serials from Sylvester McCoy's era as the Seventh Doctor, and he has directed hundreds of episodes of the ITV soap operas Coronation Street and Emmerdale.

Chorley
Chorley is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England, 8 miles (13 km) north of Wigan, 11 miles (18 km) south west of Blackburn, 11 miles (18 km) north west of Bolton, 12 miles (19 km) south of Preston and 20 miles (32 km) north west of Manchester. The town's wealth came principally from the cotton industry. In 2020 it had a population of 36,682.

In the 1970s, the skyline was dominated by factory chimneys, but most have now been demolished: remnants of the industrial past include Morrisons chimney and other mill buildings, and the streets of terraced houses for mill workers. Chorley is the home of the Chorley cake.
Bankhead, Edinburgh
Bankhead is a non-residential area of western Edinburgh, Scotland. It borders the Edinburgh City Bypass (A720) and Hermiston Gait (M8 motorway terminus) to the west, the Calders neighbourhood to the south – accessed via a pedestrian underpass, Sighthill to the east, and South Gyle/Edinburgh Park to the north. It is mostly occupied by a large industrial park. Amongst the companies here, Royal Mail and Burtons Biscuits have a large presence. Ethicon also had a plant here, but it has closed, and will reportedly be replaced by a sports facilities. Edinburgh College, the former Stevenson College and the Sighthill campus of Napier University are just to the west.

M8 motorway (Scotland)
The M8 is the busiest motorway in Scotland. It connects the country's two largest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and serves other large communities including Airdrie, Coatbridge, Greenock, Livingston and Paisley. The motorway is 60 miles (97 km) long. A major construction project to build the final section between Newhouse and Baillieston was completed on 30 April 2017.  The motorway has one service station, Heart of Scotland Services, previously named Harthill due to its proximity to the village.
2019 GB Pro-Series Shrewsbury – Doubles
Sarah Beth Grey and Olivia Nicholls were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Arina Rodionova and Yanina Wickmayer won the title, defeating Freya Christie and Valeria Savinykh in the final, 6–2, 7–5.

Olivia Nicholls
Olivia Ann Nicholls (born 26 October 1994) is a British tennis player who specializes in doubles. On 23 June 2025, she peaked at world No. 23 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Nicholls has won three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour and 19 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
2018–19 Maine Black Bears men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Maine Black Bears men's basketball team represented the University of Maine in the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They played their home games at the Cross Insurance Center in Bangor, Maine and were led by 1st-year head coach Richard Barron, who previously served as the head coach of Maine's women's basketball team. They finished the season 5–27 overall, 3–13 in conference play to finish in a tie for eighth place. As the 8th seed in the 2019 America East men's basketball tournament, they were defeated by top-seeded Vermont 57–73 in the quarterfinals.

2019 America East men's basketball tournament
The 2019 America East men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the America East Conference, which was held on March 9, 12, and 16, 2019. All tournament games were played on home arenas of the higher-seeded school. Vermont defeated UMBC 66–49 in the championship game and received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. This was the seventh time Vermont has won the America East tournament championship, which ties them with former member Northeastern for the most all time.
Abdul Wahid al-Nur
Abdul Wahid Mohamed al-Nur (also Abdel Wahid el-Nur or Abdulwahid Mohammed Nour; Arabic: عبد الواحد محمد نور, ʿAbd al-Wāḥid Muḥammad Nūr; born in 1968) is the leader of the rebel Sudan Liberation Movement (al Nur) faction.

A Zaghawa born in Zalingei, West Darfur, he was educated at the University of Khartoum, where he graduated in 1995 with a law degree before working as a lawyer. The SLM was founded around 2001 with a decisive split in 2006 following the Darfur Peace Agreement when al-Nur refused to sign while Minni Minawi agreed to.

Law degree
A law degree is an academic degree conferred for studies in law.

Some law degrees are professional degrees that are prerequisites or serve as preparation for legal careers. These generally include the Bachelor of Civil Law, Bachelor of Laws, and Juris Doctor. Law degrees that are not part of a professional pathway to legal practice include the Master of Laws (LLM) and Doctor of Laws (LLD or JSD).

These degrees are usually obtained through a combination of coursework, research, and practical experiences, such as internships or clinical legal education. Law degrees are recognized as a necessary step towards becoming a licensed lawyer in many jurisdictions, and they also provide a foundation for various other career paths such as academia, policy, or consultancy.
Committee for National Morale
The Committee for National Morale was a United States presidential advisory committee for the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, organized to analyze the nation's overall morale during World War II, study propaganda efforts by the Axis powers, and recommend appropriate strategies in response. Members included notable journalists, anthropologists, psychologists, including George Gallup, Margaret Mead, Gordon Allport, Ruth Benedict, Hadley Cantril, Leonard Doob, Erik Erikson, Erich Fromm, and Geoffrey Gorer.

Erich Fromm
Erich Seligmann Fromm (/frɒm/; German: [fʁɔm]; March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. He was a German Jew who fled the Nazi regime and settled in the United States. He was one of the founders of The William Alanson White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology in New York City and was associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.
Portgower
Portgower  is a former fishing village with an inn in the parish of Loth on the east coast of Scotland near Helmsdale, Sutherland, the Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of the Highlands.

Inn
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accommodation for horses.

An innkeeper is the person who runs an inn.
Divino afflante Spiritu
Divino afflante Spiritu (English: "[By] the divine inspiration of the Spirit" ) is a papal encyclical letter issued by Pope Pius XII on 30 September 1943 calling for new translations of the Bible into vernacular languages, using the original languages as a source instead of the Latin Vulgate.

Catholic biblical scholar Raymond E. Brown, SS, described Divino afflante Spiritu as a "Magna Carta for biblical progress".

Vernacular
Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of a language or dialect, particularly when perceived as having lower social status or less prestige than standard language, which is more codified, institutionally promoted, literary, or formal. More narrowly, any particular variety of a natural language that does not hold a widespread high-status perception, and sometimes even carries social stigma, is also called a vernacular, vernacular dialect, nonstandard dialect, etc. and is typically its speakers' native variety. Regardless of any such stigma, all nonstandard dialects are full-fledged varieties of language with their own consistent grammatical structure, sound system, body of vocabulary, etc.
Alopecosa ovalis
Alopecosa ovalis is a species of wolf spider found in Inner Mongolia in the People's Republic of China. The female has a length (excluding legs) of up to 9 mm, the male being rather smaller at about 8 mm. The female has a wide reddish-brown longitudinal band on the back of the carapace with a yellowish band along the back of the abdomen. The legs are faintly ringed. The male is similar but is generally much hairier and with dark legs with no trace of ringing.

This species, as well as A. huabanna, which was described in the same paper, are similar to A. hokkaidensis and A. moriutii from Japan and  A. hingganica from Inner Mongolia, and A. pictilis from the northern Holarctic.

The species name refers to the oval shape of the median septum of the epigyne.

Epigyne
The epigyne or epigynum is the external genital structure of female spiders. As the epigyne varies greatly in form in different species, even in closely related ones, it often provides the most distinctive characteristic for recognizing species. It consists of a small, hardened portion of the exoskeleton located on the underside of the abdomen, in front of the epigastric furrow and between the epigastric plates.
Von Willebrand factor
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) (German: [fɔn ˈvɪləbʁant]) is a blood glycoprotein that promotes primary hemostasis, specifically, platelet adhesion. It is deficient and/or defective in von Willebrand disease and is involved in many other diseases, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Heyde's syndrome, and possibly hemolytic–uremic syndrome. Increased plasma levels in many cardiovascular, neoplastic, metabolic (e.g. diabetes), and connective tissue diseases are presumed to arise from adverse changes to the endothelium, and may predict an increased risk of thrombosis.

Platelet adhesion is mainly mediated via interactions with VWF, which acts as a bridge between the platelet surface receptor glycoprotein Ib (GpIb) and the exposed collagen after vascular injury. Genetic deficiencies of VWF or GpIb (Bernard–Soulier syndrome) result in bleeding disorders.

Bleeding diathesis
In medicine (hematology), bleeding diathesis  is an unusual susceptibility to bleed (hemorrhage) mostly due to hypocoagulability (a condition of irregular and slow blood clotting), in turn caused by a coagulopathy (a defect in the system of coagulation). Therefore, this may result in the reduction of platelets being produced and leads to excessive bleeding. Several types of coagulopathy are distinguished, ranging from mild to lethal. Coagulopathy can be caused by thinning of the skin (Cushing's syndrome), such that the skin is weakened and is bruised easily and frequently without any trauma or injury to the body. Also, coagulopathy can be contributed by impaired wound healing or impaired clot formation.
The Portuguese Channel
The Portuguese Channel is an American cable television channel that targets Portuguese immigrants and their descendants in New Bedford and Fall River, an area in southern New England with a large Portuguese immigrant population. The channel is available throughout much of the Providence and Boston designated market areas (DMAs) on both Cox and Xfinity cable systems.

Televisão Pública de Angola
Televisão Pública de Angola E.P. (Public Television of Angola) or TPA is the national broadcaster of the Southern African state of Angola. It operates two generalist television channels (TPA 1 and TPA 2) and a news channel (TPA Notícias). TPA is headquartered in the capital city Luanda and broadcasts in the Portuguese language.
Kokshetau State University
Kokshetau State University (Kazakh: Көкшетау мемлекеттік университеті, romanized: Kökşetau memlekettık universitetı, Russian: Кокшетауский государственный университет, abbreviated as KSU) is a public university located in Kokshetau, Kazakhstan, founded in 1996. It is named after Shoqan Walikhanov.

KSU, being a classical university, has an important social and cultural mission. According to the traditions of classical universities, the university maintains high level and fundamental character of higher education. Kokshetau State University is one of the leaders in education, science and culture of Kazakhstan. The prestige of Kokshetau State University named after Shokan Walikhanov is confirmed by international cooperation. Different public universities, home and foreign institutes work as its partners.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Mulroney: The Opera
Mulroney: The Opera is a satirical Canadian film about former prime minister Brian Mulroney. The film, budgeted at $3.8 million (CAD), is directed by Larry Weinstein, who previously worked on nine operas with Dan Redican and Alexina Louie.

Alexina Louie
Alexina Diane Louie, OC OOnt FRSC (born 30 July 1949), is a Canadian composer of contemporary classical music. She has composed for various instrumental and vocal combinations in a variety of genres.  She has fulfilled a number of commissions, and her works, which have been performed internationally, have earned her a number of awards, including the Order of Canada and two Juno Awards.
Condor Huayin (mountain)
Condor Huayin (possibly from Quechua kuntur condor, Ancash Quechua wayi house, "condor house", -n a suffix) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Lima Region, Oyon Province, Oyon District. Condor Huayin lies on a ridge which extends from north to south southeast of the Huayhuash mountain range and southwest of the Raura mountain range. The peak south of Condor Huayin at the very end of the ridge is named Shapra (local Quechua for "beard").

Ancash Quechua
Ancash Quechua (Huaylas Ancash Quechua: qichwa [ˈqɛtʃ.wa], or less often nuna shimi), also Huaylay or Waylay in linguistic terminology, is a Quechua variety spoken in the Peruvian department of Ancash by approximately 1,000,000 people. Like Wanka Quechua, it belongs to Quechua I (according to Alfredo Torero).
Keith Fair
Keith Fair (born January 8, 1968) is a Canadian-born Swiss former professional ice hockey left winger.

Born in Castlegar, British Columbia, Fair played his entire professional career in Switzerland, playing in the National League A for HC Ambrì-Piotta and HC Lugano and in the National League B for EHC Chur.

Fair has participated as a member of the Swiss national team at the 1992 Winter Olympics and the 1992 IIHF World Championships.

Switzerland men's national ice hockey team
The Switzerland men's national ice hockey team (German: Schweizer Eishockeynationalmannschaft; French: Équipe de Suisse de hockey sur glace; Italian: Nazionale di hockey su ghiaccio della Svizzera) is a founding member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.

As of 2026, the Swiss team is ranked 2nd in the IIHF World Rankings.
Robert Bolling Brandegee
Robert Bolling Brandegee (1849 – 1922) was an American painter and teacher. He is considered an American Pre-Raphaelite. For many years he taught at Miss Porter's School for Girls in Farmington, Connecticut, and the Art Students League of New York.

His work is in the collections of the National Gallery of Art and New Britain Museum of American Art. The National Academy of Design owns a self-portrait.

American Pre-Raphaelites
The American Pre-Raphaelites was a movement of landscape painters in the United States during the mid-19th century. It was named for its connection to the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and for the influence of John Ruskin on its members. Painter Thomas Charles Farrer led the movement, and many members were active abolitionists. Their work together was short-lived, and the movement had mostly dissolved by 1870.

The American Pre-Raphaelites used a vivid, realistic style and, unlike their English counterparts, avoided figurative paintings in favor of landscapes and still lifes. American Pre-Raphaelites promoted still lifes and natural settings for paintings in the 1860s.: 96
Akelarre (cipher)
Akelarre is a block cipher proposed in 1996, combining the basic design of IDEA with ideas from RC5. It was shown to be susceptible to a ciphertext-only attack in 1997.

Akelarre is a 128-bit block cipher with a variable key-length which must be some multiple of 64 bits.  The number of rounds is variable, but four are suggested. The round function of Akelarre is similar to IDEA in structure.

After the successful cryptanalysis of Akelarre, its designers responded with an updated variant called Ake98. This cipher differs from the original Akelarre in the new AR-box (addition–rotation box), the swapping of words at the end of a round, and the addition of subkeys at the beginning of each round. In 2004, Jorge Nakahara, Jr. and Daniel Santana de Freitas found large classes of weak keys for Ake98. These weak keys allow a cryptanalysis faster than exhaustive search using only 71 known plaintexts, for up to 11.5 rounds of Ake98.

Weak key
In cryptography, a weak key is a key, which, used with a specific cipher, makes the cipher behave in some undesirable way. Weak keys usually represent a very small fraction of the overall keyspace, which usually means that, a cipher key made by random number generation is very unlikely to give rise to a security problem.  Nevertheless, it is considered desirable for a cipher to have no weak keys.  A cipher with no weak keys is said to have a flat, or linear,  key space.
David Morris (soccer)
David Morris is a Canadian retired soccer defender who played professionally in the USL First Division.  He was the 1999 USL Premier Development League Rookie of the Year.

Morris attended, and played soccer, at Capilano College.  In 1996, Capilano won the Canadian college championship.  Morris was the tournament MVP.  In 1999, Morris signed with the Abbotsford 86ers of the USL Premier Development League.  His outstanding play, fourteen goals in fifteen games, led to his selection as the USL PDL Rookie of the Year.  It also led to his being called up to the Vancouver 86ers five times that season.  In 2000, Morris made a permanent move to Vancouver where he played until 2007.  After his retirement from professional soccer, Morris continued playing for Pegasus FC in the Vancouver Metro Soccer League.

Fraser Valley Mariners
Fraser Valley Mariners is a Canadian soccer team based in Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada. Founded in 2003, the team plays in the USL Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, in the Northwest Division of the Western Conference.

The team plays its home games at Bateman Park, where they have played since 2004. The team's colours are black, white, and red.

Until 2007 the team was known as the Abbotsford Rangers, but changed their name prior to the 2008 season to reflect the name of their parent organization.
2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship Pool C
Pool C was one of eight pools of the preliminary round of the 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship. The pool consisted of Brazil as well as Puerto Rico, France, and Greece. Teams played one another in a round-robin, where the top two teams advanced to the final round.

It took place from 22 to 26 August 2025, with rest days on 23 and 25 August. Each matchday featured two games, held at 16:00 and 19:30. As the seeded team, Brazil played all its matches at 19:30.

Greece women's national volleyball team
The Greece women's national volleyball team represents Greece in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. The team first competed on the highest level at the 1985 European Championship, finishing in 12th place.
Timothy McLaren
Timothy George McLaren OAM (born 24 September 1956 in Cootamundra, New South Wales) is an Australian former Olympian rower and high-performance international rowing coach. He was a four-time Australian national champion, a national representative and won a silver medal in the men's quad scull at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics.

Australian Rowing Championships
The Australian Rowing Championships is an annual rowing event that determines Australia's national rowing champions and facilitates selection of Australian representative crews for World Championships and the Olympic Games. It is Australia's premier regatta, with states, clubs and schools sending their best crews. The Championships commence with the National Regatta - men's, women's and lightweight events in open, under 23, under 19, under 17 and school age events. Rowers at the National Regatta race in their local club colours with composite crews permitted. The Championships conclude with the Interstate Regatta - currently eight events competed by state representative crews or scullers selected by the state rowing associations. The states compete for an overall points tally which decides the Zurich Cup.
Clivina
Clivina is a genus of ground beetle native to the Palearctic, the Nearctic, the Near East and North Africa.  There are more than 600 described species in Clivina including Clivina acutimentum, Clivina australasiae and Clivina breviuscula.

Nearctic realm
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.

The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America that are not in the Nearctic realm include most of coastal Mexico, southern Mexico, southern Florida, coastal central Florida, Central America, Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Together with South America, these regions are part of the Neotropical realm.