hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
French Guianese Creole
French Guianese Creole (Kriyòl; also called variously Guianan Creole, Guianese Creole in English and Créole guyanais in French) is a French-based creole language spoken in French Guiana, and to a lesser degree, in Suriname and Brazil. It resembles Antillean Creole, but there are some lexical and grammatical differences between them. Antilleans can generally understand French Guianese Creole, though there may be some instances of confusion. The differences consist of more French and Brazilian Portuguese influences (due to the proximity of Brazil and Portuguese presence in the country for several years). There are also words of Amerindian and African origin. There are French Guianese communities in Suriname and Brazil who continue to speak the language.

It should not be confused with the Guyanese Creole language, based on English, spoken in nearby Guyana.

French West Indies
The French West Indies or French Antilles (French: Antilles françaises, [ɑ̃tij fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; Antillean Creole: Antiy fwansé) were the parts of France located in the Antilles islands of the Caribbean:

The two overseas departments of:
Guadeloupe, including the islands of Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, and La Désirade.
Martinique

The two overseas collectivities of:
Saint Martin, the northern half of the island with the same name, the southern half is Sint Maarten, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Saint Barthélemy
Lori Berd
Lori Berd (Armenian: Լոռի բերդ) is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia, just east of Stepanavan.

The medieval fortress "Lori Berd" is located near the village, situated on a peninsula along the deep gorge cut by the Dzoraget and Tashir rivers. Lori Berd is situated at an elevation of 1379 m.

Lori Province
Lori (Armenian: Լոռի, Armenian pronunciation: [lɔˈri] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. It is located in the north of the country, bordering Georgia. Vanadzor is the capital and largest city of the province. Other important towns include Stepanavan, Alaverdi, and Spitak. It is home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Haghpat and Sanahin monasteries and the well-preserved Akhtala monastery.

The province was heavily damaged during the 1988 Armenian earthquake.

The province is served by the Stepanavan Airport.
Marianne Kõrver
Marianne Kõrver (born 27 May 1980) is an Estonian film and theatrical director, and cinematographer.

She was born in Tallinn. Her father was composer Boris Kõrver. She graduated from the Tallinn English College and the Nõmme Music School, studied jazz piano and composition at the Georg Ots Tallinn Music College, and studied art at the Estonian Academy of Arts. In 2005 she graduated from Baltic Film, Media and Arts School of Tallinn University.

Since 2003, she is a freelance film and theatrical director and cinematographer.

Tallinn English College
Tallinn English College (Estonian: Tallinna Inglise Kolledž) is a coeducational general education school in Tallinn, Estonia with in-depth education in English. It has elementary, middle, and senior levels with students 7 to 18 years old.
Long Beach, New South Wales
Long Beach is a suburb of Batemans Bay in Eurobodalla Shire, New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the north bank of the Clyde estuary, north of Batemans Bay and 274 km south of Sydney. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 1,436.

The community is served by the Long Beach Community Association (LBCA) www.longbeach.org.au

Clyde River (New South Wales)
The Clyde River (Dhurga: Bhundoo) is an open intermediate tide-dominated drowned valley estuary or perennial river that flows into the Tasman Sea at Batemans Bay, located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
This Is Christmas (Anthony Callea album)
This Is Christmas is the fourth studio and first Christmas album by Australian recording artist Anthony Callea. It was released on 8 November 2013 by ABC Music. The album mostly consists of Christmas classics such as "Silent Night" and "O Holy Night", but also includes cover versions of recent Christmas pop songs by such as "Don't Save It All for Christmas Day" by Céline Dion and "Note to God" by JoJo.

Silent Night
"Silent Night" (German: "Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht") is a popular Christmas carol, composed in 1818 by Franz Xaver Gruber to lyrics by Joseph Mohr in Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria. It was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2011. The song was first recorded in 1905 and has remained a popular success, appearing in films and multiple successful recordings, as well as being quoted in other musical compositions. It is one of the most recorded Christmas songs, with more than 137,000 known recordings.
Erik Paulsson
Erik Paulsson (31 January 1942 – 29 October 2025) was a Swedish billionaire businessman who was the chairman of Skistar from 1977.

In 1957, aged 17, Paulsson and his younger brother Mats founded PEAB, initially waste management, before expanding into construction in 1970.

PEAB had 2014 revenue of over $5 billion, and employed more than 14,000 people.

Paulsson was married with four children, and lived in Båstad, Sweden. He died on 29 October 2025, at the age of 83.

SkiStar
SkiStar AB (marketed as skistar) is a Swedish leisure, tourism, property and retail company, listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The core business is alpine skiing in Sweden and Norway, and the associated accommodation, ski schools and rental services.
Venezuelan English Creole
Venezuelan English Creole is a collection of Caribbean English-based Creoles spoken throughout Venezuela. Venezuelan English Creole developed from the English Creoles spoken by Anglo-Caribbean immigrants who immigrated to Venezuela during the gold rush and subsequent oil boom, namely from Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Dominica and Guyana. Venezuelan English Creole is English-based with influences from French, French Antillean Creole, Spanish, Dutch and Papiamento. It is unknown how many speakers of this language still remain but it is assumed to be endangered.

Speakers of Venezuelan English Creole are most concentrated in the Bolivar state, especially in the town of El Callao near the Guyanese border. There are also communities of speakers in Central and Western Venezuela.

Bolívar (state)
Bolívar (Spanish: Estado Bolívar, IPA: [esˈtaðo βoˈliβaɾ]) is the largest of the 23 states of Venezuela in area. The state capital city is Ciudad Bolívar and the largest city is Ciudad Guayana. Bolívar State covers a total surface area of 242,801 km2 (93,746 sq mi) and as of the 2011 census, had a population of 1,410,964. The state contains Angel Falls.
Mister Guitar
Mister Guitar is the eleventh studio album recorded by guitarist Chet Atkins, released in 1959. That title, as well as "Country Gentleman", became names assigned to Chet.

"Country Gentleman", co-written with Boudleaux Bryant, was a minor hit for Atkins in 1953. That original version was recorded in a garage. The liner notes are by David Halberstam, then writing for The Tennessean in Nashville, Tennessee.

David Halberstam
David Halberstam (April 10, 1934 – April 23, 2007) was an American writer, journalist, and historian, known for his work on the Vietnam War, politics, history, the Civil Rights Movement, business, media, American culture, Korean War, and later, sports journalism. He won a Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 1964. Halberstam was killed in a car crash in 2007 while doing research for a book.
Leszek, Duke of Masovia
Leszek of Masovia (Polish: Leszek, also Lestek; b. ca. 1162 - d. 1186) was a Polish prince from the Piast dynasty, the Duke of Masovia from 1173 until his death. He was the only son of Bolesław IV the Curly, Duke of Masovia and High Prince of Poland, to survive his father. After his father's death he inherited Masovia. At the beginning, Leszek ruled under the guardianship of his uncle Casimir II the Just. He was a man of poor health. For a short time he supported his other uncle, Mieszko III the Old, but later decided to reconcile with Casimir II, who after Leszek's death inherited his duchy.

Oswald Balzer
Oswald Marian Balzer (23 January 1858 in Chodorów – 11 January 1933 in Lwów) was a Polish historian of law and statehood who was one of the most renowned Polish historians of his time.

In 1887 he became a professor at the University of Lwów. Between 1895 and 1896 he also briefly served as its rector. Since 1891 until his death he was also the director of City Archives in Lwów. His best work is Genealogia Piastów (1895). In 1888 he was offered a seat in the Polish Academy of Skills, as well as several other scientific societies, both in Poland and abroad. In 1901 he founded the Society for the Support of Polish Science in Lwów (Towarzystwo dla Popierania Nauki Polskiej we Lwowie), the first such society in the city, later to be renamed to Lwow Scientific Society (1920). Among the fields of his studies were the history of Polish statehood and Poland's historical law, as well as the early history of Slavic states.

He was buried in the Łyczakowski Cemetery.
Oath of office ceremony of Narendra Modi
Narendra Modi has taken oath as the Prime Minister of India three times:

First oath of office ceremony of Narendra Modi (2014)

Second oath of office ceremony of Narendra Modi (2019)

Third oath of office ceremony of Narendra Modi (2024)

Second oath of office ceremony of Narendra Modi
Narendra Modi, parliamentary leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, started his tenure after his oath of office as the 16th Prime Minister of India on 30 May 2019. Several other ministers were also sworn in along with Modi. The ceremony was noted by media for being the first ever oath of office of an Indian Prime Minister to have been attended by the heads of all BIMSTEC countries.
György Dózsa (opera)
Dózsa György is an 1867 Hungarian opera in five acts by Ferenc Erkel. It is a dramatisation of the life of late mediaeval peasant revolt leader György Dózsa. Its libretto, by Ede Szigligeti, was based on Mór Jókai's tragedy of the same name.

Mór Jókai
Móricz Jókay of Ásva [ˈmoːr ˈjoːkɒi] (18 February 1825 – 5 May 1904), known as Mór Jókai, was a Hungarian novelist, dramatist and revolutionary. Outside of Hungary, he was also known as Maurice Jókai or Maurus Jókai or Mauritius Jókai. He was a leader of the outbreak of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 in Pest. His romantic novels became widely popular among the elite of Victorian England, where he was often compared to Charles Dickens by the press. One of his most famous admirers was Queen Victoria herself.
Ufimtsev
Ufimtsev/Ufimtseva is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anatoly Ufimtsev (1880–1936), Russian engineer

Anatoly Ufimtsev (chess player) (1914–2000), Kazakh chess player

Irina Ufimtseva (born 1985), Russian Olympics freestyle swimmer

Pyotr Ufimtsev (born 1931), Soviet/Russian physicist

Anatoly Ufimtsev (chess player)
Anatoly Gavrilovich Ufimtsev (Russian: Анатолий Гаврилович Уфимцев; May 11, 1914 – July 2, 2000) was a Soviet and Kazakh chess player and economist. The Ufimtsev Defense is named after him. He holds the record for the most Kazakhstani Chess Championship wins with eleven.

His father was Gavriil Ufimtsev.

He was awarded the title of Master of Sport from the USSR in 1946. He qualified once for the USSR Championship in 1947. He eventually shared 13th to 15th place, but achieved victories over Vasily Smyslov and Salo Flohr.

Ufimtsev won the Kazakhstani Chess Championship in 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 (shared with Kurkleitis), 1955, 1957, and 1970.

On November 10, 2000 a chess club in his honor was opened in Kostany, Kazakhstan. At the entrance of the club there is a plaque depicting Ufimtsev at a chessboard.
Matti Pellonpää
Matti Pellonpää (28 March 1951 – 13 July 1995) was a Finnish actor and a musician. He rose to international fame with his roles in both Aki Kaurismäki's and Mika Kaurismäki's films; particularly being a regular in Aki's films, appearing in 18 of them.

Aki Kaurismäki
Aki Olavi Kaurismäki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈɑki ˈo̞lɑʋi ˈkɑu̯rismæki] ⓘ; born 4 April 1957) is a Finnish filmmaker. He is best known for films such as Leningrad Cowboys Go America (1989), Drifting Clouds (1996), The Man Without a Past (2002), Le Havre (2011), The Other Side of Hope (2017), and Fallen Leaves (2023).
Amara Raja Group
Amara Raja Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate, headquartered in Tirupati. The group has a presence in the automotive battery business, packaged foods and beverages, electronics products manufacturing, infrastructure sector, power system production and fabrication of sheet metal products and fasteners. The Amara Raja Group is known for its automotive battery brand Amaron.

Amara Raja Group employs a workforce of more than 15,216 employees. Amara Raja Batteries was named on Asia's 'Best Under A Billion' 2010 list of companies compiled by Forbes magazine.

Gotion
Gotion High Tech, usually known as Gotion, is a manufacturer of lithium-ion batteries headquartered in China. As of 2025, it had a 3.5% market share, making it the world's sixth-biggest battery manufacturer. It is part-owned by the Volkswagen Group, which acquired a 24% stake in 2020 for $1.1 billion.

Gotion produces both lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide (NMC) batteries. In addition to cells and batteries, the company also produces cathode and anode active material.
Józefów, Brzeziny County
Józefów (Polish pronunciation: [juˈzɛfuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rogów, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north of Rogów, 10 km (6 mi) east of Brzeziny, and 30 km (19 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Brzeziny, Brzeziny County
Brzeziny ([bʐɛˈʑinɨ]; Yiddish: ברעזין, Brezin) is a town in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, about 20 km (12 mi) east of Łódź. It is the capital of Brzeziny County and has a population of 12,326 as of December 2021. It is situated on the Mrożyca River within the historic Łęczyca Land.
Don Zara del Fogo
Don Zara del Fogo: a mock-romance is a 1656 book in prose and verse by the English author Samuel Holland. The book is a pastiche of Spanish chivalric romances, such as Don Quixote. The main character Don Zara del Fogo considers himself a descendant of Lancelot of the Lake and "Thistram" (Tristan), and desires similar fame for facing eminent dangers. Zara is illiterate, but his squire Soto is tasked with reading to his master inspiring tales about Saint George and the Dragon, Sir Topaz and the elf-queen, and boar hunting for the supposedly famed Boar of Boston. Having the habit of sleeping naked, Zara emerges from his bed to seize his sword and to pose as the legitimate heir to the god Mars.

This English mock-heroic epic introduced the term "Orc" (spelt "Orke") to describe ogre-like monsters. The Oxford English Dictionary quotes a passage of the work where a multi-headed Orke is decapitated by an opponent. In the passage, the Orke is described as the offspring of an unnamed Incubus.

Boar hunting
Boar hunting is the practice of hunting wild boar, feral pigs, warthogs, and peccaries. Boar hunting was historically a dangerous exercise due to the tusked animal's ambush tactics as well as its thick hide and dense bones rendering them difficult to kill with premodern weapons.
Pieter Mertens
Pieter Mertens (born 28 August 1980) is a Belgian former professional road bicycle racer. He competed as a professional for four years, riding for Vlaanderen–T Interim between 2004 and 2005 and for UCI ProTeam Davitamon–Lotto between 2006 and 2007. He announced his retirement in October 2007 in order to focus on his medical studies. His most notable victories include a stage of the 2005 Rheinland-Pfalz Rundfahrt and the overall title of the 2002 Tour de Namur. He competed in one Grand Tour: the 2006 Vuelta a España, finishing 75th overall.

Team Flanders–Baloise
Team Flanders–Baloise (UCI team code: SVB) is a professional cycling team based in Belgium that participates in UCI Continental Circuits races and when selected as a wildcard to UCI World Tour events. The team is managed by Christophe Sercu, with Roger Swerts, Walter Planckaert and Jean-Pierre Heynderickx assisting as a directeur sportif.
Gallows Inn
Gallows Inn is an area of Ilkeston in Derbyshire, in the East Midlands of England.

On the southern outskirts of Ilkeston, the area is named after the Gallows Inn (sometimes known as the 'Horse and Jockey' but now back to its traditional title) on Nottingham Road, itself named for the spot where a gallows reputedly stood in the 17th century.

The place is bordered by the Erewash Canal, and a lock carries the same name. The border with Nottinghamshire follows the area's eastern boundary.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
2004–05 Iraqi First Division League
The 2004–05 Iraqi First Division League was the 31st season of what is now called the Iraqi Premier Division League, the second tier of the Iraqi football league system, since its establishment in 1974. The number of clubs in the league have varied throughout history for various reasons. The top four teams in second round (winner of each group) are promoted to the Iraqi Premier League.

The season began on Friday 18 March 2005. In the second stage, Al-Amana, Al-Shatra, Al-Sulaikh and Ararat managed to lead the groups and promote to the Premier League.

Amanat Baghdad SC
Amanat Baghdad Sports Club (Arabic: نادي أمانة بغداد الرياضي, lit. 'Mayoralty of Baghdad Sports Club') is an Iraqi professional football team based in Karkh District, Baghdad, that competes in the Iraq Stars League, the top-flight of Iraqi football. Formed in 1957 as Amanat Al-Asima (Arabic: أمانة العاصمة, lit. 'Capital Mayoralty'), the team merged with Al-Baladiyat SC in 1977, who had finished as runners-up of the 1975–76 Iraq FA Cup.
Schumann resonances conspiracy theories
Schumann Resonance conspiracy theories are a family of claims that misrepresent the physics of Schumann resonances - natural, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic resonances of the Earth–ionosphere cavity - as evidence that “time is speeding up,” that a 24-hour day now “feels like” or has become ~16 hours, or that fluctuations near ~7.83 Hz directly entrain or transform human biology and consciousness. These narratives spread in New Age, wellness and conspiracy communities from the mid-2010s onward, often citing online spectrograms to claim that “whiteouts” or “blackouts” mark global energetic events. Science writers and fact-checking outlets describe these interpretations as unfounded: Schumann resonances are chiefly driven by lightning and ionospheric conditions, and measured changes in the length of day are milliseconds, not hours.

Daytime
Daytime is the period of the day during which a location receives natural illumination from direct sunlight. It is sometimes just called "day". Daytime occurs when the Sun is above the local horizon, that is, anywhere on the hemisphere of the globe facing the Sun. The length of daytime varies with latitude and changes over the course of the year, as the Earth moves around the Sun. Other planets and natural satellites that rotate relative to a luminous primary body such as a local star also experience daytime, but this article primarily discusses daytime on Earth.
International Journal of Conflict and Violence
The International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV) is an open access interdisciplinary scientific journal covering conflict and violence research. It has been published twice a year in English since 2007 and encompasses contributions from a wide range of disciplines including sociology, political science, education, social psychology, criminology, ethnology, history, political philosophy, urban studies, economics, and the study of religions.

The editors-in-chief are Andreas Zick (University of Bielefeld), Steven F. Messner, (University at Albany, SUNY), Gary LaFree, (University of Maryland, College Park) and Ekaterina Stepanova (IMEMO, Russian Academy of Sciences) and is sponsored by the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (Institut für interdisziplinäre Konflikt- und Gewaltforschung, IKG) and the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG).

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Denis Buntić
Denis Buntić (born 13 November 1982) is a retired Croatian handball player.

He is a retired player of the Croatian national team. Buntić was born in Ljubuški, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia. He won the silver medal at the 2005 World Championship in Tunisia, and also the silver at the 2009 World Championship on home soil. He was part of the Croatian team that won the bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

2005 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2005 World Men's Handball Championship was the 19th team handball World Championship. It was played in Tunisia from 23 January to 6 February 2005.

The winner of the gold medal was Spain, Croatia took silver and France won the bronze.
Maredudd ap Rhys Gryg
Maredudd ap Rhys Grug (died 1271), was the son of Rhys Gryg (a Welsh prince of Deheubarth) and Mathilde de Clare (a daughter of Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, Marcher Lord of Cardigan). Maredudd initially ruled north east of Ystrad Tywi, including Llandovery Castle, until he expanded to rule the region encompassing Dryslwyn castle.

When his father died, in 1234, Maredudd was still young, and his wardship was entrusted to Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke; their mothers were distant cousins. In 1241, Maredudd married Gilbert's niece, Isobella; the marriage had probably been arranged earlier.

Maredudd ap Rhys Gryg died at Dryslwyn on 27 July 1271, leaving behind his son, Rhys ap Maredudd. He is buried at Whitland Abbey.

Marcher lord
A marcher lord (Welsh: barwn y mers) was a noble appointed by the king of England to guard the border (known as the Welsh Marches) between England and Wales.

A marcher lord was the English equivalent of a margrave (in the Holy Roman Empire) or a marquis (in France) before the introduction of the title of "marquess" in Britain; no marcher lord ever bore the rank of marquess. In this context, the word march means a border region or frontier, and is cognate with the verb "to march", both ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *mereg-, "edge" or "boundary".

The greatest marcher lords included the earls of Chester, Gloucester, Hereford, Pembroke and Shrewsbury (see also English earls of March).