hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maschen disc brooch
The Maschen disc brooch (German: Scheibenfibel von Maschen) is an Early Medieval fibula. It was found in 1958 during archaeological excavations of the late Saxon grave field near Maschen, in the Lower Saxony district of Harburg, Germany. On its face side, the fibula shows an unidentified saint with a halo. It was found in a woman's grave of the beginning of the Christianization of northern Germany, and is in the permanent exhibition of the Archaeological Museum Hamburg in Harburg, Hamburg.

Northern Germany
Northern Germany (German: Norddeutschland, [ˈnɔʁtdɔɪ̯tʃlant] ⓘ) is a linguistic, geographic, socio-cultural and historic region in the northern part of Germany which includes the coastal states of Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lower Saxony and the two city-states Hamburg and Bremen. It contrasts with Southern Germany, Western Germany, and Eastern Germany.
Hodge structure
In mathematics, a Hodge structure, named after W. V. D. Hodge, is an algebraic structure at the level of linear algebra, similar to the one that Hodge theory gives to the cohomology groups of a smooth and compact Kähler manifold. Hodge structures have been generalized for all complex varieties (even if they are singular and non-complete) in the form of mixed Hodge structures, defined by Pierre Deligne (1970). A variation of Hodge structure is a family of Hodge structures parameterized by a manifold, first studied by Phillip Griffiths (1968). All these concepts were further generalized to mixed Hodge modules over complex varieties by Morihiko Saito (1989).

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Saaya season 1
Saaya is a 2018 Pakistani horror drama television series directed by Syed Muhammad Khurram, produced by Babar Javed and written by Wajeeha Sahar. The drama stars Maham Amir, Sohail Sameer and Kiran Tabeer in lead roles, and premiered on Geo Entertainment. The theme of the series is karma.

In 2021, serial was released on the network's sister channel Geo Kahani. Its second season titled "Saaya 2" premiered on 6 May 2022, on Geo Entertainment. The second season stars Mashal Khan, Momina Iqbal and Danial Afzal Khan.

Ghana Ali
Ghana Ali Raza (Urdu: غنا علی رضا) is a Pakistani television, film and theater actress. She is known for her work in Pakistani dramas.  Ali earned commercial success with lead role in the Geo TV drama serial Sangdil. She made her film debut with the musical drama Rangreza, which was released in 2017.
Hevy Music Festival
Hevy Music Festival was a rock festival established by Claire Baker and James Dutton that took place annually near Folkestone, Kent, in the UK. It was originally held on 1 August 2009 on Folkestone seafront as a one-day festival with Feeder, Gary Numan and Ash as headliners, with an unusual organisation between the two stages in which when one finished on the main stage, the band on the second stage would immediately begin their set. This stage looked like a burger van. In 2010 it moved to Port Lympne Wild Animal Park and grew to a weekend camping festival held from 6–8 August. The headline artists included Glassjaw, Gallows, Sepultura and the Subways, and the festival provided a variety of rock music genres including punk rock, alternative rock, hardcore punk and heavy metal along with extreme sports displays and state-of-the-art thrill rides.

Gallows (band)
Gallows were an English hardcore punk band from Watford, Hertfordshire. The band was formed in 2004 after Laurent Barnard's previous band disbanded. Gallows' debut album, Orchestra of Wolves, was distributed in the United States by Epitaph Records. The band were subsequently signed to Warner Bros. Records for a £1 million album contract, and released their second album Grey Britain in 2009. The band has been particularly successful in the UK, with two songs charting on the UK Singles Chart, and have been featured in magazines such as Kerrang!, Alternative Press and Rolling Stone.
Mamluk–Portuguese conflicts
A number of armed engagements between the Egyptian Mamluk Sultanate and the Portuguese Empire in the Indian Ocean took place during the early part of the 16th century. The conflicts came following the expansion of the Portuguese after sailing around the Cape of Good Hope in 1498, from 1505 to the fall of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1517.

Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri
Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri (Arabic: الأشرف قانصوه الغوري) or Qansuh II al-Ghawri (c. 1441/1446 – 24 August 1516) was the penultimate Mamluk Sultan. One of the last and most powerful of the Burji dynasty, he reigned from 1501 to 1516.
Willi Münzenberg
Wilhelm Münzenberg (14 August 1889 – June 1940) was a German Communist activist and publisher who served as the first head of the Young Communist International from 1919 to 1921 and as a member of the Reichstag from 1924 to 1933. He also founded the famine relief and propaganda organization Workers International Relief in 1921.

He was a leading propagandist for the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) during the Weimar Era, but later grew disenchanted with the USSR due to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge of the 1930s. Condemned by Stalin to be purged and arrested for treason, Münzenberg left the KPD and in Paris became a leader of the German émigré anti-fascism and anti-Stalinist community until forced to flee the Nazi advance into France in 1940. Arrested and imprisoned by the Daladier government in France, he escaped prison camp only to be found dead a few months later in a forest near the commune of Saint-Marcellin, France. Walter Laqueur described him as "a cultural impresario of genius".

Popular front
A popular front is any coalition of working-class and/or middle-class entities, including liberal and social democratic ones, united for a purpose. Generally, it is "a coalition especially of leftist political parties against a common opponent". The phrase uses "front" in the sense of a political movement "linking divergent elements to achieve common objectives".

The term was first used in the mid-1930s in Europe by communists concerned over the rapid growth of fascist movements in Italy and Germany, which they sought to combat by coalescing with non-communist political groupings they had previously attacked as enemies. Temporarily successful popular front governments were formed in France, Spain, and Chile in 1936.

The name has also been used by other alliances such as the Popular Front of India. In the late years of the Soviet Union, the popular fronts created actually played a key role in ending Communist Party rule in the Soviet republics. (see § Soviet republics)
AcetoneISO
AcetoneISO is a free and open-source virtual drive software to mount and manage image files. Its goals are to be simple, intuitive and stable. Written in Qt, this software is meant for all those people looking for a "Daemon Tools for Linux". However, AcetoneISO does not emulate any copy protection while mounting.

AcetoneISO also supports Direct Access Archive (*.daa) images because it uses the non-free and proprietary PowerISO Linux software as a backend while converting images to ISO.

In recent releases (as of 2010), AcetoneISO also gained native support at blanking CD/DVD optical discs and burn ISO/CUE/TOC images to CD-R/RW and DVD-+R/RW (including DL) thanks to external open source tools such as cdrkit, cdrdao and growisofs.

It is available in Arch Linux (in AUR), Debian, Ubuntu, Slackware, and Fedora Linux.

CD/DVD based immunoassay
A compact disk/digital versatile disk (CD/DVD) based immunoassay is a method for determining the concentration of a compound in research and diagnostic laboratories by performing the test on an adapted CD/DVD surface using an adapted optical disc drive; these methods have been discussed and prototyped in research labs since 1991.
Tugboat Granny
Tugboat Granny is a 1956 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon animated short directed by Friz Freleng. The short was released on June 23, 1956, and stars Tweety and Sylvester.

The voices were performed by Mel Blanc and June Foray.

The cartoon's title is a play on Tugboat Annie, and is the only cartoon in the Warner Bros. series to bear Granny's name.

It joined Guided Muscle and The Grey Hounded Hare as the cartoons featured on the final episode of ABC's The Bugs Bunny & Tweety Show on September 2, 2000.

Sylvester the Cat
Sylvester J. Pussycat Sr. is a cartoon character, an anthropomorphic cat in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons. Most of his appearances have him often chasing Tweety, Speedy Gonzales, or Hippety Hopper. He appeared in 103 cartoons in the golden age of American animation, lagging only behind superstars Bugs Bunny, Porky Pig, and Daffy Duck. Three of his cartoons won Academy Awards, the most for any starring a Looney Tunes character: they are Tweetie Pie, Speedy Gonzales, and Birds Anonymous.
Vandikkaran Magan
Vandikkaran Magan (transl. Cartman's son) is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language film photographed and directed by Amirtham, and written by M. Karunanidhi. It is based on the play of the same name by C. N. Annadurai. The film stars Jaishankar, M. R. Radha and Jayachitra. It was released on 30 October 1978 and became a major success. The film was remade in Telugu as Ammayi Mogudu Mamaku Yamudu (1980).

M. R. Radha
Madras Rajagopalan Radhakrishnan (14 April 1907 – 17 September 1979), better known as M. R. Radha, was an Indian actor and politician active in Tamil plays and films. He was given the title "Nadigavel" (King of Acting) by Pattukkottai Alagiri. He mostly played villain roles, but had also acted in several films as comedian.
Zuckert
Zuckert is surname of:

Bill Zuckert (1915–1997), American actor

Eugene M. Zuckert (1911–2000), United States Secretary of the Air Force

León Zuckert (1904, Poltava - 1992, Toronto), Ukrainian-Canadian composer, conductor, arranger, violinist, violist

Catherine Zuckert (born 1942), American political philosopher

Michael Zuckert (born 1942), American political philosopher

Rachel Zuckert, American philosopher

Rachel Zuckert
Rachel Elizabeth Zuckert (born January 6, 1969) is an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the Northwestern University. 
She is known for her expertise on Kantian philosophy.
Zuckert is a former president of the North American Kant Society.
Markham Heights
Markham Heights is a mountain peak that forms part of the Ben Lomond Range, in the northeast of Tasmania, Australia.

Markham Heights is located 1,542 metres (5,059 ft) above sea level, and is the seventh highest peak in Tasmania.

It is named for Sir Albert Markham, an Arctic explorer.

Australian Height Datum
The Australian Height Datum was introduced in 1971 as the official vertical datum for Australia, and thereby serves as the benchmark to which all height measurements are referred. The Australian Height Datum is an amalgamation of decades of spirit levelling work conducted by numerous state and territory authorities across the country, and was corrected to align with the mean sea level observations of thirty tide gauges positioned around the entire coastline. While it remains the published vertical datum for all surveying and engineering operations performed throughout Australia, newer technologies have uncovered numerous deficiencies, offsets and distortions within the Australian Height Datum, leading to discussions about defining a new Australian vertical datum.
Qanlikól district
Qanlikól district (Karakalpak: Qanlıkól rayonı)(Uzbek: Qonlikoʻl Tumani) is a district in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The seat lies at the urban-type settlement Qanlikól. Its area is 740 km2 (290 sq mi) and it had 52,400 inhabitants in 2022.

The district consists of one town Qanlıkól and seven rural councils Arzimbet qum, Beskópir, Jańa qala, Bostan, Kosjap, Nawriz, Qanlıkól.

Karakalpak language
Karakalpak (Qaraqalpaq tili) is a Turkic language spoken by Karakalpaks in Karakalpakstan. It is divided into two dialects, Northeastern Karakalpak and Southwestern Karakalpak. It developed alongside Nogai and neighbouring Kazakh languages, being markedly influenced by both. Typologically, Karakalpak belongs to the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages, thus being closely related to and highly mutually intelligible with Kazakh and Nogai.
Mary E. Small
Mary E. Small (born September 12, 1954) is an American politician from Maine. A Republican, Small served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1979 to 1994 and the Maine Senate from 1994 to 2002. From 2000 to 2002, Senator Small served as the Republican Floor Leader. Small was unable to seek re-election in 2002 due to term limits. Small represented Bath, Maine and Sagadahoc County.
In July 2020, she was described as an ally of U.S. Senator Susan Collins when she filed a legal challenge against conservative independent Max Linn in an attempt to keep him off of the November Senate ballot. The challenge was ultimately unsuccessful, though Collins won re-election nonetheless.

Small graduated from the University of Southern Maine with a B.A. in political science in 1976.

Bath, Maine
Bath is a city in and county seat of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath had a 2024 population of 8,870. Bath is  growing at a rate of 0.29% annually, and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020. The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually during the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as the "City of Ships" due to the number of sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
Kathleen Allington
Kathleen Allington (née Kersey 1889) was a British textile designer who produced wallpaper designs released by Morris & Co..

Kersey was born in 1888, a daughter of Alice Steel and her husband, London architect, Alexander Henry Kersey of Kersey, Gale & Spooner.

Wallpaper
Wallpaper is used in interior decoration to cover the interior walls of domestic and public buildings. It is usually sold in rolls and is applied onto a wall using wallpaper paste. Wallpapers can come plain as "lining paper" to help cover uneven surfaces and minor wall defects, "textured", plain with a regular repeating pattern design, or with a single non-repeating large design carried over a set of sheets.

The smallest wallpaper rectangle that can be tiled to form the whole pattern is known as the pattern repeat. Wallpaper printing techniques include surface printing, rotogravure, screen-printing, rotary printing press, and digital printing.
1995 North Atlantic Conference baseball tournament
The 1995 North Atlantic Conference baseball tournament was held at Frawley Stadium in Wilmington, Delaware. The top six regular season finishers of the league's nine teams qualified for the double-elimination tournament. In the championship game, first-seeded Delaware defeated fifth-seeded Drexel, 12-2, to win its first tournament championship. As a result, Delaware received the North Atlantic's automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA tournament play-in round.

1995 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 1995 NCAA Division I baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1995 NCAA Division I baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its forty ninth year.  Eight regional competitions were held to determine the participants in the final event.  Each region was composed of six teams, resulting in 48 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The forty-ninth tournament's champion was Cal State Fullerton, coached by Augie Garrido.  The Most Outstanding Player was Mark Kotsay of Cal State Fullerton.
Nisaetus
Nisaetus, the crested hawk-eagles, is a genus of raptor in the subfamily Aquilinae, found mainly in tropical Asia. They were earlier placed within the genus Spizaetus but molecular studies show that the Old World representatives of that genus are closer to the genus Ictinaetus than to the New World Spizaetus (in the stricter sense). They are slender-bodied, medium-sized hawk-eagles with rounded wings, long feathered legs, barred wings, crests and usually adapted to forest habitats.

Tropical Asia
Tropical Asia refers to the entirety of the areas in Asia with a tropical climate. These areas are of geographic and economic importance due to their natural resources and biodiversity, which include many species of agricultural value. There are 16 countries in tropical Asia, ranging in size from around 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) (Singapore) to 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi) (India). The total population as of 2006 was 1.6 billion, predominantly rural, and projected to reach 2.4 billion by 2025. Climate in tropical Asia is subject to seasonal weather patterns with the two monsoons and the amount of tropical cyclones in the three core areas of cyclogenesis (the Bay of Bengal, north Pacific Ocean and South China Sea). Stressors on the environment include growing urbanization, land industrialization, economic development, land degradation, environmental issues, and increased pollution, all of which are contributing to changes in climate.
Manoochehr Sadeghi
Manoochehr Sadeghi (born April 13, 1938) is a Persian-American naturalized citizen, born in Tehran, Iran. He is considered an ustad (grand master) of the santur, a Persian hammered dulcimer. He has been lecturing, teaching, recording and performing Persian classical music on the santur professionally for over 50 years. In 2002, Sadeghi received the Durfee Foundation Master Musician Award and he is a recipient of a 2003 National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment of the Arts, which is the United States' highest honor in the folk and traditional arts.

Ustad
Ustad, ustadh, ustaz or ustadz (abbreviated as Ust., Ut. or Ud.; from Persian استاد ustād) is an honorific title used in West Asia, North Africa, Central Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is used in various languages, including Persian, Arabic (as أستاذ ’ustāḏ), Azerbaijani, Urdu, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Dhivehi, Punjabi, Pashto, Turkish, Kazakh, Uzbek, Indonesian, Malay and Kurdish.
Rickart space
In mathematics, a Rickart space (after Charles Earl Rickart), also called a basically disconnected space, is a topological space in which open σ-compact subsets have compact open closures.

Grove & Pedersen (1984) named them after C. E. Rickart (1946), who showed that Rickart spaces are related to monotone σ-complete C*-algebras under Gelfand duality, in the same way that  Stonean spaces are related to AW*-algebras.

Rickart spaces were also studied by Paul Halmos under the name Boolean σ-spaces, as they correspond to Boolean σ-algebras via Stone duality.
The concept of Rickart spaces resurfaced in Jamneshan & Tao (2023) under the name Stoneσ-spaces.

Both algebraic descriptions (namely, the C*-algebraic and Boolean algebraic ones) are explicitly discussed in Fritz & Lorenzin (2025).

Rickart spaces are totally disconnected and sub-Stonean spaces.

Paul Halmos
Paul Richard Halmos (Hungarian: Halmos Pál [ˈhɒlmoʃ paːl]; 3 March 1916 – 2 October 2006) was a Hungarian-born American mathematician and probabilist who made fundamental advances in the areas of mathematical logic, probability theory, operator theory, ergodic theory, and functional analysis (in particular, Hilbert spaces). He was also recognized as a great mathematical expositor. He has been described as one of The Martians.
Santo Antônio de Pádua
Santo Antônio de Pádua (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃twɐ̃ˈtõɲu dʒi ˈpadwɐ], Saint Anthony of Padua) is a municipality  located in the northeastern part of the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population was 42,594 (2020) and its area is 612 km2.

Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua, OFM, or Anthony of Lisbon; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões (15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and member of the Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony was born to and raised by a wealthy family in Lisbon, Portugal, and died in Padua, Italy. Noted by his contemporaries for his powerful preaching, expert knowledge of scripture, and undying love and devotion to the poor and the sick, he was one of the most quickly canonized saints in church history, being canonized less than a year after his death.

He was proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XII on 16 January 1946.
Microdactylites
Microdactylites, which is sometimes considered to be a synonym of Dactylioceras, is genus of ammonite that lived during early to middle Toarcian stage (Serpentinum to lower Bifrons ammonite Zones) of early Jurassic. Their fossils were found in England, France, Italy, Germany and Hungary. Species belonging to this genus were microconchs of Dactylioceras.

Toarcian
The Toarcian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, an age and stage in the Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 184.2 Ma (million years ago) and 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.  It follows the Pliensbachian and is followed by the Aalenian.

The Toarcian Age began with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, a major anoxic event associated with marine extinctions and increased global temperatures  that sets its fossil faunas apart from the previous Pliensbachian age. It is believed to have ended with a global cooling event known as the Comptum Cooling Event, although whether it represented a worldwide event is controversial.
Thandaunggyi District
Thandaunggyi Township (Phlone: သင်တင်ဍောဟ်ကၞင့်; Burmese: သံတောင်ကြီးမြို့နယ်; S'gaw Karen: သါတီကၠံၤကီၢ်ဆၣ်) is the only township of Thandaunggyi District (Burmese: သံတောင်ကြီးခရိုင်) in northern Kayin State of Myanmar. The principal town is Thandaunggyi. The township has four towns and 341 villages grouped into 59 village tracts.

In 2014, the township had 30,209 people. By 2023, the population had grown significantly to 93,642 people.

S'gaw Karen language
S'gaw Karen or S'gaw K'nyaw, commonly known simply as Karen, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the S'gaw Karen people of Myanmar and Thailand. A Karenic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, S'gaw Karen is spoken by over 2 million people in Tanintharyi Region, Ayeyarwady Region, Yangon Region, and Bago Region in Myanmar, and about 200,000 in northern and western Thailand along the border near Kayin State. It is written using the S'gaw Karen alphabet, derived from the Burmese script, although a Latin-based script is also in use among the S'gaw Karen in northwestern Thailand. Additionally, the Kwekor script is used in Hlaingbwe Township.

Various divergent dialects are sometimes seen as separate languages: Paku in the northeast, Mopwa (Mobwa) in the northwest, Wewew, and Monnepwa.